Datasets:

tomekkorbak

/

detoxify-pile-chunk3-3500000-3550000

like 0

[ "Mauston Pumpkin Bash Features Classic Wisconsin Fall Festival\n\nAlong the Banks of the Scenic Lemonweir River\n\nThis year’s Mauston Pumpkin Bash will deliver the family fun of one of Wisconsin’s classic small town fall festivals while showcasing the city’s dramatic downtown makeover. ", "Mauston is situated just 20 miles north of Wisconsin Dells and exactly halfway between Chicago and Minneapolis on Interstate 90-94.", "\n\nBeginning at 10 a.m. on Saturday, Oct. 10, Mauston’s Riverside Park will be teaming all day with activities for everyone, including the signature pumpkin bashing competition in which teams of students compete with their unique devices for launching and smashing pumpkin. ", "A smash out cancer event features an orange-painted vehicle that participants can bash with a sledgehammer for a dollar a swing. ", "Donations from both events benefit charities.", "\n\nAt 5:30 p.m., the George Braund Memorial will be unveiled next to the band shelter, honoring the long-time school bus driver and owner of the Busy Bee Café, who died at 92 in 2013. ", "A video tribute to Braund, a local icon of good will and community involvement, and a donations-accepted pancake supper will be part of the dedication.", "\n\nDowntown Mauston’s Transformation\n\nThis year’s Pumpkin Bash also will showcase the dramatic developments that continue to transform the heart of Mauston, including a multi-year river walk project on both sides of the Lemonweir River, a just-completed pedestrian bridge over the river, a major makeover of Riverside Park and a soon-to-open ShopKo store.", "\n\nOther improvements completed in the first two phases of the project include improved boat launch and parking facilities, a band shell and fishing pier, upgraded playground equipment in Riverside Park and the rehab of Mansion Street. ", "The third and final phase of the project will be a further extension of the river walk project on the north side of the river.", "\n\nThe first two phase of the project have cost $4.2 million with $1.5 million in grants and the remainder supported by growth in tax revenues from improvements such as the ShopKo store.", "\n\n“We think that residents and visitors to Pumpkin Bash will be impressed by the transformation that is taking place in the heart of our downtown district,” said Nathan Thiel, city administrator. “", "Projects like the river walk and the pedestrian bridge not only give us a beautiful and accessible recreational space but also hold the potential to put us on the map for biking recreation in Wisconsin by networking us into the Sparta-Elroy and other regional trails.”" ]

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[ "form=五律\ntags=\n\n圣代无为化，\n郎中似散仙。", "\n晚眠随客醉，\n夜坐学僧禅。", "\n酒用林花酿，\n茶将野水煎。", "\n人生知此味，\n独恨少因缘。", "\n\n" ]

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[ "October 10Sunday\n\nOctober 10, 2010 from 12pm to 6pm – The RotundaGet ready for the 7th year of the Philly Zine Fest! ", "October 10, 2010 join us at The Rotunda (4014 Walnut in West Philly) for a day of zines, food, and fun. ", "Details on registering your distro for tabl…Organized by Philly Zine Fest | Type: zine, fest" ]

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[ "The structural shift of a DNA template between a hairpin and a dimer tunes the emission color of DNA-templated AgNCs.", "\nThe scaffolding DNA sequence and the size of silver nanoclusters (AgNCs), confined in a DNA template are the key parameters in determining the fluorescent properties of DNA-stabilized silver nanoclusters (DNA/AgNCs). ", "In addition, we suggest here that the structural shift of a DNA hairpin-dimer is as important as the DNA sequence in determining the emission wavelength of DNA/AgNCs. ", "Furthermore, we show that the structural shift post AgNC formation can be triggered by incubation time and pre-AgNC formation under salt conditions. ", "As an important factor in predicting the emission properties of DNA/AgNCs, the modulation of DNA secondary structures with either sequence changes or ionic conditions can be applied for the dual-color detection system of a target molecule. ", "Particularly, the dual-color detection method may increase the reliability of DNA/AgNC sensors for miRNAs." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "Figures are just out disclosing the millions of taxpayers’ money the European Union paid in 2013 to unelected, unaccountable non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and other special interest groups, especially to the “global warming” lobby.", "\n\nOne of the most disturbing figures is the amount the EU paid the BBC — €6,100,987 (£4,854,039) a sum in addition to the €24.4m (£19.4) in grants the EU paid the BBC between 2007-2012.", "\n\nGrants to the green anti-industrial lobby included multi-millions to Friends of the Earth €4,188,230 (£3,332,220), WWF €5,344,641 (£4,252,279) and the RSPB €3,802,544 (£3,024,327).", "\n\nMore, the European Commission has taken taxpayers’ money from across the EU member states to subsidise United Nations institutions to the tune of nearly €140 million (£111m), despite UN staff indulging “”in corruption, waste and abuse that carries no real penalty,” according to Claudia Rosett, UN expert at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, a Washington public policy institute.", "\n\nDespite the tens of millions in taxpayer-funded grants to these special interest groups and public policy lobbyists, the European Commission has not publicised the figures, merely slipped out a database of figures under the so-called Financial Transparency System.", "\n\nThe multi-millions in hand-outs have come to light because of the sharp-eyed research of EU historian and blogger Dr Richard North, who says “the database is a goldmine of information…once again it brings to light the huge amount of taxpayer funding going to unaccountable NGOs, and especially (but not exclusively) climate change advocacy groups.”", "\n\nHe calls particular attention to a new entrant on the listing, an organisation which has not received money from the European Commission before, the World Resources Institute (WRI), which has been given €1,500,000 (£1,192,527) for “designing the 2015 global climate change agreement.”", "\n\nDr North’s research follows the WRI, an American organisation, through its establishment in Delaware, the state most favoured by corporations for its light taxes, to its lobbying in Washington, and through its vast international funding from government institutions across Europe, including $2,041,246 (£1,192,291) from Britain’s aid ministry, the Department for International Development.", "\n\nHis research goes on through a list of the WRI’s top 43 donors, including governments, corporates, charities and NGOS. ", "Altogether these contribute $43,688,366 (£2,738,474), amounting to 85 per cent of the WRI’s 2013 revenue – yet the WRI is a private US charity.", "\n\nDr North writes: “The question is, of course, is why these bodies, with so many governments involved, are giving money to a private US charity, for activities which include preparing the ground for an inter-governmental agreement in 2015, fronted by the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change secretariat.”", "\n\n“Accountable to no-one but the US tax authorities, established under Delaware state law, this ‘charity’ should have no role whatsoever in framing agreements between governments the nature of which potentially cost taxpayers billions, the beneficiaries of which are charities of this nature.”", "\n\n“Our government and the EU have no business funding such organisations, their very existence representing the darker side of globalisation, where our collective fates are increasingly determined by such unaccountable, faceless bodies, exerting more power and influence than even governments themselves.”" ]

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[ "Basics of mountain biking, including basic maintenance of mountain bikes, and a ride on our beginners bike trails. ", "Great way to get out on new bike trails at the park and meet other trail riders. ", "Meet at Park Office/Trading Post. ", "Pre-Registration required, space limited. ", "Program fee includes mountain bike pass" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nList only file names in directories and subdirectories in bash\n\nI need to create a list of files in a directory and all of its subdirectories. ", "I've used\nfind . ", "-type f\n\nto get the list of files, but I only need the file name, not the path that leads to it.", "\nSo instead of returning this:\n./temp2/temp3/file3.txt\n./temp2/file2.txt\n./file.txt\n\nI need to return\nfile3.txt\nfile2.txt\nfile.txt\n\nA:\n\nfind . ", "-type f -exec basename {} \\;\n\nor better yet:\nfind . ", "-type f -printf \"%f\\n\"\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

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[ "Apophysis Fractal Brushes\n\nA pack of 9 free fractal brushes for Photoshop. ", "Download this pack of Apophysis fractal brushes today for Photoshop and use in any way you wish. ", "Each fractal brushes was created from fractals made in Apophysis by myself.", "\n\nThe pack includes textures, flowers and swirl fractal brushes and are in a large size. ", "Feel free to show me what you have used my brushes in by commenting below. ", "Want to learn about Apophysis? ", "I have put together a collection of Apophysis tutorials and flame packs that are available today." ]

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[ "Central tire inflation systems have been designed to adjust tire inflation so that tires will have better performance during different situations, such as during transport duty and during operation in the field. ", "For example, to reduce undesirable compacting of the ground, systems for regulating tire pressure can reduce tire pressure during field operation in contrast to the higher pressure used during on-road operation. ", "Certain vehicles, such as agricultural tractors, have rack and pinion “bar” type axles so that the wheels and tires can be placed at different positions on the axle. ", "This allows the tread width of the vehicle to adapted to different situations. ", "It is desired to provide an axle design which works with a tire inflation system on a vehicle which has an adjustable tread width. ", "U.S. Pat. ", "No. ", "6,435,238, issued in 200 shows a stationary axle with air conduits and ABS cables routed through the interior of the non-rotating axle. ", "Other US patents, including U.S. Pat. ", "No. ", "1,794,900, No. ", "4,387,931 No. ", "6,435,238 and No. ", "6,145,559 show designs where tire pressure passages pass through a vehicle axle. ", "However, none of these design provide for both a supply pressure and a pilot pressure for a tire inflation control valve. ", "And, none of these designs can accommodate a wheel and tire which can be placed at different positions on the axle." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds" }

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[ "Wrath is the second youngest homunculi next to Sloth. ", "He, like Pride, can age like a human. ", "His ouroboros tattoo is located on the bottom of his left foot. ", "Wrath is a special case among the homunculi in that he can perform alchemy, but does not have an \"Ultimate\" trait like the other homunculi, although some consider his alchemy to be \"the Ultimate Alchemy\". ", "Like Edward, he does not need to draw a transmutation circle. ", "Wrath can perform alchemy on material that no other alchemist can, such as a bed or his own body.", "\n\nIt's revealed that Wrath is in possession of Edwards lost limbs, explaining why he can perform alchemy when the other homunculi cannot. ", "Wrath seeks to take the rest of Edward's body for himself, hoping to become a full human. ", "Because Wrath is so young and spent most of his life in The Gate, he developed a mother-son relationship with Sloth, and will do anything to protect her. ", "Wrath's weakness also differs from the other homunculi. ", "Seeing The Gate of Truth paralyses Wrath with fear, and he cannot stand the sound of a crying baby.", "\n\nRecent Featured Articles\n\nTheir voices may be cute, but what about the actresses behind them? ", "Does the face match the voice? ", "Who is the hottest female seiyuu? ", "Debates can be waged but if there's one candidate to stand above all others, it's Nana Mizuki." ]

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[ "Does UK’s CIFAS Annual Fraud Report Hide An Identity Fraud Record Year For UK Financial Services, Gaming, Telecom And Government Services?", "\n\nAU10TIX analysts look at the 17 January 2013 CIFAS fraud report and suspect that 2012 has been an identity fraud record year not only for customers but also for service providers themselves! ", "The implications: Fraud losses in millions and excess spending on manual back-office processing and screening that also slows down service and limits customer volume capacity.", "\n\nLuckily, the technology for automating authentication and processing of secure identifying documents is there.", "\n\nNocosia, Cyprus (PRWEB) January 31, 2013\n\nAll service providers are exposed to identity fraud. ", "But those regulated industries such as banking, leasing, financial services, telecom, gaming and government services should have been the most protected and consequently also cost-efficient. ", "These service providers are mandated by regulations to confirm customer identity and screen customer data based on “secure” identifying documents such as IDs, driving licences and Passports. ", "But despite increasing regulations and ever more sophisticated identifying documents, identify fraud is reaching plague proportions.", "\n\nAccording to the recently released CIFAS fraud report, overall fraud level in the UK is up 5% in 2012 Vs. ", "previous year, with Identity Fraud accounting for over 50% of all frauds recorded. ", "The number of “victims of impersonation” rose 16% reaching 112,179 recorded cases - by far the most prevalent fraud type. ", "But not all direct fraud victims are individuals. ", "A significant number of fraud cases are directed at the service providers themselves.", "\n\nWhen a telecom operator is tricked out of expensive smart-phones, accessories, data and airtime it is not another customer who suffers directly from it. ", "Same goes to a car leasing company who is tricked out of an expensive limousine, a car hire company that loses a luxury car, a borough that is tricked out of a sizeable housing or benefits package, etc. ", "These are but few examples of the by large “hidden” resource drainer called Enterprise Identity Fraud.", "\n\nLuckily, the technology for automating authentication and processing of secure identifying documents is there. ", "Systems such as AU10TIX’s FDI for points of sale and service and AU10TIX’s BOS for online sales and service channels are already preventing fraud, saving costs and speeding up customer processing.", "\n\nBut identify fraud is reaching records highs because many service providers have not yet put these solutions high on the priority list.", "\n\nWhy? ", "Because many are still bound to the traditional division of fraud prevention and operating efficiency supposedly being two different considerations and operations. ", "In fact, it is the same system that handles both at the same time in the customer onboarding and screening process.", "\n\nPublications such as the CIFAS reports are building up awareness and driving the adoption of technology solutions. ", "But putting all aspects of identity fraud in one basket avoids the critical attention needs for enterprise fraud and its prevention. ", "And to the collateral value of boosting overall operating efficiency, reducing overhead and increasing volume handling capacity, redefining customer service effectiveness and enabling regulatory compliance.", "\n\nAU10TIX calls upon CIFAS to draw attention to enterprise-targeted identity fraud as a separate issue to individual-targeted identity fraud.", "\n\nAbout AU10TIX\nAU10TIX Limited, a fully owned subsidiary of ICTS International N.V, deals with the authentication and digitization of identifying documents including Passports, identity cards, driving licenses and other complementary identifying documents. ", "The company specializes in implementing hardware & software based applications used for scanning, identifying, content retrieval, authentication and validation of identifying documents. ", "AU10TIX is a pioneer of all-channel (front-end and online) ID authentication and processing solutions. ", "The company's products drastically reduce identifying document-based fraud, reducing the costs associated with client processing and enabling effective regulatory compliance, while making the sales and support operations speedier and considerably more efficient.", "\nFor more information, visit http://www.au10tix.com\nAbout ICTS International N.V.\nICTS specializes in the development and implementation of innovative security concepts and solutions designed to meet the needs of a variety of industries, mainly aviation transportation, border control and sensitive facilities. ", "ICTS International benefits from over two decades of expertise and international operational experience in transportation security, with a particular emphasis on high-risk environments, passenger processing transactions and the integration of security services to provide a comprehensive security solution. ", "It also offers a wide variety of customized training programs, tailored procedures and a wide range of security consulting services. ", "The company has developed and implemented unique technological solutions, based on its comprehensive approach to security, designed to enhance the level of security while accelerating the security check process. ", "For more information, visit http://www.icts-int.com\n\nThis press release contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, regarding the Company’s business strategy and future plans of operations. ", "Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, both general and specific to the matters discussed in this press release. ", "These and other important factors, including those mentioned in various Securities and Exchange Commission filings made periodically by the Company, may cause the Company’s actual results and performance to differ materially from the future results and performance expressed in or implied by such forward-looking statements. ", "The forward-looking statements contained in this press release speak only as of the date hereof and the Company expressly disclaims any obligation to provide public updates, revisions or amendments to any forward-looking statements made herein to reflect changes in the Company’s expectations or future events." ]

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[ "The impact of RBRVS on this group practice.", "\nGiven the importance of the resource-based relative value scale (RBRVS) on group practice, it is important to analyze the emerging data from Medicare. ", "In this article, authors Troy Pickens, CPA, and Walter Jones, Ph.D., look at the current and anticipated payment patterns for their practice as well as trying to determine the actual impact of RBRVS on reimbursement levels." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "Psychosis: a history of the concept.", "\nThe history of the concept of psychosis is traced from the time it was coined in 1845 to the present day. ", "Originally, psychosis included the category of mental handicap, as well as certain other serious mental disorders. ", "But within a year, it had become synonymous with the two terms \"psychopathy\" and \"psychoneurosis.\" ", "Soon, all psychiatric disorders became subsumed under its umbrella heading amidst a confusing array of terminology. ", "Psychosis is examined as it then became distinct from psychopathy and neurosis. ", "Psychosis is discussed in terms of the following dichotomies: endogenous-exogenous psychoses, functional-organic psychoses, psychosis-neurosis, psychosis-psychopathy, and unitary-multiple psychoses. ", "The way in which psychosis became a specialized term for serious mental disorders with a postulated organic etiology is outlined. ", "The current status of the term and its future use are discussed." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "J-A09004-19\n\n 2019 PA Super 227\n\n CHRISTOPHER YOUNG, : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF\n : PENNSYLVANIA\n Appellant :\n :\n :\n v. :\n :\n S. B. CONRAD, INC., ", "SHELLY :\n ENTERPRISES US LBM, LLC, J & S : No. ", "2501 EDA 2018\n ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORS, INC. ", " :\n AND WILLIAM C. FISCHER :\n PLUMBING & HEATING, INC. ", " :\n :\n v. :\n :\n :\n RRR CONTRACTORS, INC. ", " :\n\n\n Appeal from the Judgment Entered, September 20, 2018,\n in the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County,\n Civil Division at No(s): 01029 December Term, 2015.", "\n\n\nBEFORE: KUNSELMAN, J., MURRAY, J., and PELLEGRINI*, J.\n\nOPINION BY KUNSELMAN, J.: FILED JULY 25, 2019\n\n I. Introduction\n\n In this negligence action, Plaintiff Christopher Young appeals from an\n\norder dismissing his claim against Defendant S.B. Conrad, Inc. Prior to seating\n\na jury, the trial court determined Mr. Young was a statutory employee of S.B.\n\nConrad under the Pennsylvania Workman’s Compensation Act1 (“the Workers’\n\nComp. ", "Act”), as a matter of law. ", "Thus, it held that S.B. Conrad was immune\n\nfrom Mr. Young’s lawsuit and granted summary judgment in favor of S.B.\n\n\n____________________________________________\n\n\n1 77 P.S. §§ 1-2710.", "\n____________________________________\n* Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.", "\n\fJ-A09004-19\n\n\n\nConrad on August 21, 2017. ", "However, the trial court memorialized its order\n\non a trial worksheet that purported to enter a compulsory non-suit rather than\n\nsummary judgment.", "\n\n Instead of immediately appealing as he could have, Mr. Young relied on\n\nthe trial court’s mischaracterization of its order as an entry of non-suit and\n\nfiled a post-trial motion to remove it. ", "Because his reliance was reasonable,\n\nwe have jurisdiction over his appeal, even though it came in nearly a year\n\nafter the grant of summary judgment. ", "We find, however, that Mr. Young failed\n\nto preserve any of his appellate issues. ", "Thus, we affirm.", "\n\n II. ", " Factual and Procedural Background\n\n The case’s facts are largely irrelevant, because our disposition rests on\n\nprocedural grounds. ", "Briefly, Mr. Young alleges he was an employee of RRR\n\nContractors. ", "He also claims S.B. Conrad, Inc. contracted with RRR Contractors\n\nfor a building project. ", "RRR Contractors assigned Mr. Young to work on that\n\nproject. ", "In the course of his duties, Mr. Young fell two stories, suffered severe\n\nand permanent injuries, and sued.", "\n\n The week before trial, S.B. Conrad filed a motion for non-suit, claiming\n\nto be Mr. Young’s statutory employer under the Workers’ Comp. ", "Act, and it\n\nasked the trial court to bifurcate that issue from the rest of the case. ", "On\n\nAugust 21, 2017, the trial court granted its motion, which the trial court said\n\nit was treating as a motion for summary judgment. ", "As the court explained\n\nwithout objection from Mr. Young, “I think the preliminary step is to rule on\n\nthe submission of statutory employment, which I am looking at it as a motion\n\n -2-\n\fJ-A09004-19\n\n\n\nfor summary judgement, although I filed it as a pre-trial motion for\n\nbifurcation.” ", "N.T., 8/21/17, at 3.", "\n\n There was a lengthy oral argument, where both sides treated the\n\nemployment-status question as one of law for the court. ", "See id. at 3-19.", "\n\nIndeed, Mr. Young’s attorney conceded that the issue was one of law:\n\n THE COURT: I believe this is a decision, not something\n that needed to be decided by a jury. ", "That it deals with law.", "\n\n PLAINTIFF’S COUNSEL: I agree with that.", "\n\nId. at 21.", "\n\n After the trial court ruled that Mr. Young was a statutory employee of\n\nS.B. Conrad, plaintiff’s counsel tried, for the first, to interpose a procedural\n\nissue. ", "His discussion with the trial court went as follows:\n\n PLAINTIFF’S COUNSEL: Your Honor, I just, for the\n record, I need to put this on the record to make sure the\n Superior Court doesn’t say we don’t have a record.", "\n\n S.B. Conrad failed to file a Summary Judgment\n Motion, which I would have then had 30 days to produce\n evidence as to why they have not met their burden. ", "On\n Friday and today, S.B. Conrad renewed the legal argument\n that they are immune, not in the form of Summary\n Judgment, but in a motion in limine. ", "I then had the\n afternoon of Friday to supply the Court with whatever –\n\n THE COURT: And you had all weekend.", "\n\n PLAINTIFF’S COUNSEL: I apologize. ", " I thought you\n wanted me to respond by the end of the day Friday.", "\n\n THE COURT: I never directed you to do that. ", "I asked this\n question in the conference room, I said: Do I have\n everything in front of me that I need to make a ruling? ", "And\n you specifically stated that I did.", "\n\n\n -3-\n\fJ-A09004-19\n\n\n You said: [All the evidence that I needed was in the\n documents that you] provided and based on that\n representation I came in this morning with the\n understanding that all sides were on the same page. ", "That\n based on the writing I was given, that I could proceed\n forward.", "\n\n [Defense counsel] said at that time, if you come in\n Court on Monday morning and you think you need more, I\n will have people from S.B. Conrad to supplement anything\n that I have if you feel that need to.", "\n\nId. at 20 (emphasis in original).", "\n\n Plaintiff’s counsel did not contest the trial court’s recollection of the off-\n\nthe-record conversation in the conference room, place an objection on the\n\nrecord, or cite any procedural rule during the August 21, 2017 argument.", "\n\n The trial court memorialized its decision in a form order, headed “Trial\n\nWork Sheet,” on which the court placed an “X” next to “Non-Suit entered.”", "\n\nAugust 21, 2017 Order at 1. ", "Six days after receiving the notice of non-suit,\n\nMr. Young moved for post-trial relief, raising two claims of procedural error\n\nfor the first time. ", "Nearly a year later, the trial court denied his motion.", "\n\n Mr. Young appealed from that order twelve months after S.B. Conrad\n\nreceived summary judgment. ", "The prothonotary then entered judgment based\n\non the order denying Mr. Young’s post-trial motion.", "\n\n III. ", "Analysis\n\nA. Timeliness of the Appeal.", "\n\n Mr. Young waited almost a year to appeal an order that, by rule, was a\n\ngrant of summary judgment. ", "We pause to consider our jurisdiction.", "\n\n\n\n\n -4-\n\fJ-A09004-19\n\n\n\n “Tardy filings go to the jurisdiction of the tribunal to entertain a cause,\n\nand thus cannot be lightly dismissed. ", "The establishment of jurisdiction is of\n\nequal importance as the establishment of a meritorious claim for relief.”", "\n\nRobinson v. Pennsylvania Bd. ", "of Prob. & ", "Parole, 582 A.2d 857, 860 (Pa.\n\n1990). ", " “Although neither party has challenged our jurisdiction, we may\n\nalways consider that question on our own motion.” ", "Kapcsos v. Benshoff,\n\n194 A.3d 139, 141 (Pa. Super. ", "2018) (en banc). ", "A jurisdictional issue presents\n\nus with “a question of law; the appellate standard of review is de novo, and\n\nthe scope of review plenary.” ", "Id.\n\n Pennsylvania Rule of Appellate Procedure 903(a) mandates that “the\n\nnotice of appeal . . . ", "shall be filed within 30 days after the entry of the order\n\nfrom which the appeal is taken.” ", "This Court “is without jurisdiction to excuse\n\nfailure to file a timely notice of appeal, as [the] 30-day period for appeal must\n\nbe strictly construed; [an] untimely appeal divests the Superior Court of\n\njurisdiction.” ", "State Farm Fire Co. v. Craley ex rel. ", "Estate of Craley, 784\n\nA.2d 781, 785 n.5 (Pa. Super. ", "2001), reversed on other grounds sub nom,\n\nMotorists Mutual Ins. ", "Co. v. Pinkerton, 830 A.2d 958 (Pa. 2003).", "\n\n In Rivera v. Home Depot USA, Inc., 832 A.2d 487 (Pa. Super. ", "2003),\n\nthis Court opined that, when the trial court and the parties should have treated\n\na pre-trial motion as one for summary judgment rather than for non-suit, the\n\nlosing party’s fling of post-trial motions should not be held against it. ", " We\n\nexplained that a:\n\n\n\n\n -5-\n\fJ-A09004-19\n\n\n problem occurs when the pretrial ruling is finally determined\n shortly before trial and the parties are not careful in how\n they proceed. ", "Essentially, [the parties] neither go through\n the formalities of a stipulated trial and have the trial judge\n grant a compulsory nonsuit, nor file an oral nunc pro tunc\n summary judgment motion and have that motion granted.", "\n\n Here, since no testimony was taken, Home Depot’s\n motion should have been characterized as a nunc pro\n tunc summary judgment motion, and the trial court’s ruling\n should have been to grant summary judgment, not a\n compulsory nonsuit. ", "Lewis v. United Hospitals, 692 A.2d\n 1055 (Pa. 1997) . . . ", "However, we do not believe the Riveras’\n filing of a motion to strike the nonsuit and waiting until that\n motion was denied before appealing was improper and\n defeats their right of appeal.", "\n\n * * * * *\n\n It is true that the trial court’s ruling should have been\n considered a summary judgment ruling; however, it was\n called the grant of a compulsory nonsuit. ", "Under Pa.R.C.P.\n 227.1(3), the appropriate procedure after the entry of a\n compulsory nonsuit is to file a written motion for post-trial\n relief. ", "That is what the Riveras did in this case.", "\n\n Although the Riveras could have appealed directly\n because the “nonsuit” ruling was improper, it was proper for\n them to follow the procedure allowing the trial court to\n correct the error. ", "Once that motion was ruled upon, the\n Riveras had 30 days to file an appeal, which they did.", "\n Therefore, because the appeal was timely filed, we deny\n Home Depot’s motion to quash.", "\n\nRivera, 832 A.2d at 490-491.", "\n\n Like the Riveras, Mr. Young could have appealed directly from the order\n\npurporting to grant a non-suit, because it was actually a grant of summary\n\njudgment under Lewis, supra. ", "But, because the trial court’s terminology in\n\nits order erroneously dubbed the judgment an entry of non-suit, Mr. Young\n\nwas likewise free to give the trial court an opportunity to correct any possible\n\n\n -6-\n\fJ-A09004-19\n\n\n\nerrors through a post-trial motion. ", "By giving the trial court that opportunity,\n\nunder Rivera, Mr. Young tolled the appeal-filing timeframe until the trial court\n\ndisposed of his post-trial motion.2\n\n\n\n____________________________________________\n\n\n2 But, see also Overnite Transp. ", "Co. v. Teamsters Local 107, 779 A.2d\n533, (Pa. Super. ", "2001), reversed sub nom., ", "Overnite Transp. ", "Co. v. Local\nUnion No. ", "107, 786 A.2d 173 (Pa. 2001) (holding that, like Rivera v. Home\nDepot USA, Inc., 832 A.2d 487 (Pa. Super. ", "2003), when an appellant\nerroneously files post-trial motions and the trial court erroneously entertains\nthem, this Court “will not penalize a party when its procedural errors are\nshared equally by those of the trial court . . . ", "Thus, because the trial court\ntreated the post-trial motions as proper under Pa.R.C.P. 227.1, we will accept\nthat treatment in this instance and treat the appeal as properly filed within 30\ndays of the denial of post–trial motions.”). ", "Overnite Transport Co. petitioned\nfor allowance of appeal, and the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania summarily\nreversed this Court’s assertion of jurisdiction.", "\n\n The High Court explained, that “[t]he appeal below was untimely filed,\nand there was no showing of fraud or a breakdown in the court’s operation to\npermit entertaining the appeal. ", "The Superior Court lacked jurisdiction over\nthe appeal.” ", "Overnite Transp. ", "II, 786 A.2d 173. ", "We perceive a potential\nconflict between Overnite Transp. ", "II and Rivera.", "\n\n However, the procedural posture of Rivera aligns with the case at bar\nmore closely than Overnite Transp. ", "II, and this Court decided Rivera after\nOvernite Transp. ", "II. ", "Even if Rivera – which made no mention of Overnite\nTransp. ", "II – was in error, this panel may not disregard it. ", "See, e.g.,\nCzimmer v. Janssen Pharm., ", "Inc., 122 A.3d 1043, 1064 n.19 (Pa. Super.", "\n2015) (noting that “it is beyond the power of a Superior Court panel to\noverrule a prior decision of the Superior Court, except in circumstances where\nintervening authority by our Supreme Court calls into question a previous\ndecision of this Court.”) ", "Overnite Transp. ", "II pre-dates Rivera and cannot\nqualify as an intervening authority. ", " Accordingly, if the Rivera Court\ncommitted error, this panel is incapable of correcting it.", "\n\n\n\n\n -7-\n\fJ-A09004-19\n\n\n\n We conclude that Rivera binds us. ", "Because Mr. Young appealed within\n\n30 days of the denial of post-trial motion, his appeal is timely.", "\n\n\n\nB. The Jurisdiction of This Court and the Commonwealth Court\n\n Also, this Court issued Mr. Young a rule to show cause why we should\n\nnot transfer his appeal to the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania. ", " See\n\nSuperior Court Order, 9/14/18, at 1. ", "We asked whether appellate jurisdiction\n\nrests in the Commonwealth Court,3 as this appeal may involve that court’s\n\n“special expertise in interpretation, application, and enforcement of the\n\nWorkers’ Compensation Act.” ", "Id. at 1 (citing 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 742 and Wilson\n\nv. Travelers Casualty and Surety Co., 88 A.3d 237 (Pa. Cmwlth. ", "2013)).", "\n\n The Pennsylvania Unified Judicial System is unique from other American\n\nappellate-court systems, because the others are based, more or less, on\n\nterritorial jurisdiction.4 In Pennsylvania, appellate jurisdiction focuses on the\n\nsubject matter and type of parties involved in the case. ", "Entire classes of direct\n\nappeals are within the exclusive, subject-matter jurisdiction of either the\n\nCommonwealth Court or the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, regardless of\n\nwhere in Pennsylvania a case arose. ", "See 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 722, 723, 725, 762,\n\n763, 764. ", " All other direct appeals fall within the residual, subject-matter\n____________________________________________\n\n\n3 We discussed our scope and standard of review for jurisdictional questions\nin the previous section. ", "Therefore, we need not reiterate them here.", "\n\n4 In other systems, parties appeal to the intermediate appellate court having\njurisdiction over the place where the original case or administrative proceeding\noccurred.", "\n\n -8-\n\fJ-A09004-19\n\n\n\njurisdiction of the Superior Court. ", "See 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 724 (vesting appellate\n\njurisdiction over all unspecified subject matters in this Court).", "\n\n Replying to our rule to explain why Commonwealth Court should not\n\ndecide this appeal, Mr. Young cites a list of cases where this Court interpreted\n\nthe Workers’ Comp. ", "Act. ", " See Young’s Response to Rule to Show Cause,\n\n9/20/28, at 3-5. ", "We find those cases to be more fitting than Wilson, which\n\nhad a lengthy litigation history. ", "That case originated in the Bureau of Workers’\n\nCompensation with two, related petitions seeking compensation on behalf of\n\nClaimant Wilson’s late father. ", "The matter reached the Commonwealth Court,\n\nwhich enforced the Bureau’s order directing the employer to provide benefits.", "\n\nBut the employer refused to confer those benefits upon Ms. Wilson, so she\n\nfiled a praecipe for judgment based upon the Commonwealth Court’s decision.", "\n\n The prothonotary complied. ", "The employer then petitioned the court of\n\ncommon pleas to strike that judgment. ", "The trial court did, and Ms. Wilson\n\nappealed to this Court. ", "We transferred her appeal to Commonwealth Court\n\non several grounds, and Commonwealth Court denied her request to return\n\nthe matter to us.", "\n\n Commonwealth Court explained that the issues on appeal concerned its\n\nprevious decision and administrative law because of:\n\n the underlying fatal-benefits award . . . ", "Further, the issues\n . . . ", "arise out of the ongoing workers’ compensation\n proceedings involving the same parties’ rights to fatal-claim\n benefits and are directly related to the issues disposed of in\n this Court’s Memorandum Decision Ann Wilson and\n James Wilson, Deceased v. Traveler's Insurance\n Company and Allied Signal, Inc., 2008 WL 9406439 (Pa.\n\n -9-\n\fJ-A09004-19\n\n\n Cmwlth. ", "2008). ", "The issues also involve [Commonwealth]\n Court’s review of the scope of [an administrative law\n judge’s] award of fatal-claim benefits, and the interpretation\n of the scope of [Commonwealth] Court’s July 8, 2008,\n Decision and Order.", "\n\n Finally, the underlying principles of workers’\n compensation law are traditionally within [Commonwealth]\n Court’s province. ", "The appeal presents issues requiring\n [Commonwealth] Court’s special expertise in the\n interpretation, application and enforcement of . . . ", "the Act.", "\n\nWilson, 88 A.3d at 245 (some citations omitted). ", "Therefore, Commonwealth\n\nCourt agreed with us; it had exclusive, subject-matter, appellate jurisdiction\n\nover Ms. Wilson’s case.", "\n\n In the instant appeal, unlike Wilson, no party claims there was litigation\n\nin the Bureau of Workers’ Compensation. ", "Thus, there is no prior adjudication\n\nfrom Commonwealth Court at issue. ", "As such, the first two concerns found in\n\nWilson are absent here.", "\n\n This leaves Wilson’s final point – i.e., that “the underlying principles of\n\nworkers’ compensation law are traditionally within [Commonwealth] Court’s\n\nprovince.” ", "Id. While this is generally true because most Workers’ Comp. ", "Act\n\nappeals are petitions for review filed in the Commonwealth Court, the Superior\n\nCourt does not simply transfer any case involving the Workers’ Comp. ", "Act.", "\n\nThis is especially so where, as here, the Workers’ Comp. ", "Act is a defense in a\n\ntort action between private litigants. ", "See, e.g., Gardner v. MIA Products\n\nCo., 189 A.3d 441 (Pa. Super. ", "2018) (reviewing a trial court’s grant of\n\nsummary judgment in favor of an employer who successfully asserted its\n\nimmunity from a lawsuit based on 77 P.S. § 491(a) (“borrowed employee”));\n\n - 10 -\n\fJ-A09004-19\n\n\n\nand Doman v. Atlas America, Inc., 150 A.3d 103 (Pa. Super. ", "2016)\n\n(concluding that an employer was immune from suit under the statutory-\n\nemployer section of the Workers’ Comp. ", "Act).", "\n\n Moreover, the two issues in Mr. Young’s brief do not require us to apply\n\nthe Workers’ Comp. ", "Act. ", "See Young’s Brief at 5. ", "Instead, they assert error\n\nunder the Pennsylvania Rules of Civil Procedure, over which Commonwealth\n\nCourt and this Court have coequal expertise. ", "See id. We therefore conclude\n\nthat none of the subject-matter jurisdictional concerns of Wilson are present.", "\n\n Thus, there is no reason for Commonwealth Court to exercise exclusive\n\njurisdiction over this appeal. ", "It is therefore within our residual, subject-matter\n\njurisdiction under 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 745.", "\n\n\n\nC. Preservation of Appellate Issues\n\n We turn now to the issues in Mr. Young’s brief. ", "They are:\n\n 1. ", " Did the trial court err by granting a nonsuit before trial\n without allowing Plaintiff to present evidence?", "\n\n 2. ", " Did the trial court err by entering a nonsuit (a) without\n stating that its Order was the functional equivalent of\n an Order granting a Motion for Summary Judgment,\n and (b) without specifying the bases for its decision to\n grant summary judgment in its Opinion, thereby\n precluding this Court from meaningfully reviewing the\n trial court's decision?", "\n\nYoung’s Brief at 5.", "\n\n As mentioned above, Mr. Young did not raise either of these issues to\n\nthe trial court until after a long argument on the merits of S.B. Conrad’s\n\n\n - 11 -\n\fJ-A09004-19\n\n\n\nmotion for non-suit.5 During that hearing, Mr. Young’s counsel never cited a\n\nrule of procedure that he believed the trial court was misapplying. ", "Instead,\n\nhe waited until the court ruled in favor of S.B. Conrad to bring up procedural\n\nmatters. ", "See N.T., 8/21/17, at 20.", "\n\n S.B. Conrad contends failure to interpose a timely objection is waiver.", "\n\nIt argues that Mr. Young “has waived any objection thereto by agreeing that\n\nthe matter was a question of law for the Court.” ", "S.B. Conrad’s Brief at 7.", "\n\n Additionally, we note that Mr. Young did not comply with Pennsylvania\n\nRule of Appellate Procedure 2119(e). ", "That rule provides that an appellant’s\n\n“argument must set forth, in immediate connection therewith or in a footnote\n\nthereto, either a specific cross-reference to the page or pages of the statement\n\nof the case which set forth the information relating thereto as required by\n\nPa.R.A.P. 2117(c), or substantially the same information.” ", "Pa.R.A.P. 2119(e).", "\n\nUnder Pa.R.A.P. 2117(c), the appellant must include in his statement of the\n\ncase how and where in the record he raised waivable issues in the trial court.", "\n\n Our appellate courts have long held that an appellate who does not\n\nfollow Pa.R.A.P. 2117(c) and Pa.R.A.P. 2119(e) waives the related issues due\n\nto the defects in his brief. “[", "W]e deny relief on the ground that the issue is\n\nwaived, because Appellant has failed to demonstrate where in the record he\n\npreserved this claim and our independent review discloses no\n\ncontemporaneous objection. ", "See Pa.R.A.P. 2119(e) (requiring an appellant\n____________________________________________\n\n\n5Also, the trial court provided specific bases for deeming Mr. Young a statutory\nemployee of S.B. Conrad when he fell. ", "See N.T., 8/21/17, at 17-19.", "\n\n - 12 -\n\fJ-A09004-19\n\n\n\nto identify where in the record he preserved an issue for appellate review).”", "\n\nCommonwealth v. Yandamuri, 159 A.3d 503, 528 n.23 (Pa. 2017). ", "See\n\nalso, Victoria Gardens Condo. ", "Ass'n v. Kennett Twp. ", "of Chester Cty.,", "\n\n23 A.3d 1098, 1107 (Pa. Cmwlth. ", "2011) (holding that, when an appellant “fails\n\nto direct this Court to where this theory of recovery was raised before the trial\n\ncourt as required by Rules 2117(c) and 2119(e) of the Pennsylvania Rules of\n\nAppellate Procedure,” the issue was waived).", "\n\n Mr. Young’s brief contains no references to places of preservation for\n\neither issue he raises on appeal. ", "And our independent review of the record\n\nreveals none. ", "We therefore agree with S.B. Conrad that Mr. Young made no\n\ntimely objections, based upon the Pennsylvania Rules of Civil Procedure, in\n\nthe trial court. ", "Waiver results.", "\n\n As the trial judge reminded plaintiff’s counsel:\n\n I asked this question in the conference room, I said: Do I\n have everything in front of me that I need to make a ruling?", "\n And you specifically stated that I did.", "\n\n You said: [All the evidence that I needed was in the\n documents that you] provided and based on that\n representation I came in this morning with the\n understanding that all sides were on the same page. ", "That\n based on the writing I was given, that I could proceed\n forward.", "\n\n [Defense counsel] said at that time, if you come in\n Court on Monday morning and you think you need more, I\n will have people from S.B. Conrad to supplement anything\n that I have if you feel that need to.", "\n\n\n\n\n - 13 -\n\fJ-A09004-19\n\n\n\nN.T., 8/21/17, at 20 (emphasis in original). ", " Plaintiff’s counsel offered no\n\ndisagreement with the trial court’s recitation of events from the previous\n\nweek.", "\n\n “Issues not raised in the lower court are waived and cannot be raised\n\nfor the first time on appeal.” ", "Pa.R.A.P. 302(a). ", "Raising an issue for the first\n\nin a post-trial motion is insufficient to satisfy the appellate rules. “[", "P]ost-trial\n\nrelief may not be granted unless the grounds therefor, (1) if then available,\n\nwere raised in pre-trial proceedings or by motion, objection, point for charge,\n\nrequest for findings of fact or conclusions of law, offer of proof or other\n\nappropriate method at trial.” ", "Pa.R.Civ.", "P. 227.1.", "\n\n Here, S.B. Conrad presented the trial court and Mr. Young with a motion\n\nfor non-suit prior to the start of trial. ", "However, under Pennsylvania Rule of\n\nCivil Procedure 230.1(c) that motion was clearly premature, because the trial\n\ncourt may only “enter a nonsuit . . . ", "at the close of the plaintiff’s case on\n\nliability . . . .” ", " Thus, the motion’s title put Mr. Young on notice that any\n\nattempt by S.B. Conrad to have the court dispose of it pre-trial would be\n\nprocedurally incorrect.", "\n\n Instead of objecting on those grounds, Mr. Young consented to the trial\n\ncourt ruling upon the motion. ", "Thus, he did not bring his claims of procedural\n\nerror to the court’s attention until after he had lost the motion.", "\n\n The rules of procedure are not a fallback position after one losses on the\n\nmerits. ", "If Mr. Young thought the trial court was misapplying the procedural\n\nrules, he had an obligation under those rules to bring it to the court’s attention\n\n - 14 -\n\fJ-A09004-19\n\n\n\nprior to agreeing that the court could decide the motion pre-trial, briefing the\n\ntrial court on it, arguing the matter at length in open court, and waiting for\n\nthe trial court to rule on the motion’s merits.6\n\n Accordingly, we conclude that any procedural errors that occurred below\n\nstemmed from Mr. Young’s willful acquiescence to them before and during the\n\nAugust 21, 2017 hearing. ", "For all of the foregoing reasons, he has waived his\n\nclaims of procedural error.", "\n\n Judgment affirmed.", "\n\n Judge Pellegrini joins the opinion.", "\n\n Judge Murray concurs in the result.", "\n\nJudgment Entered.", "\n\n\n\n\nJoseph D. Seletyn, Esq.", "\nProthonotary\n\n\n\nDate: 7/25/19\n\n\n\n\n____________________________________________\n\n\n6 Finally, we note Mr. Young never claims the grant of judgment as a matter\nof law to S.B. Conrad was substantively erroneous. ", "Nor does he indicate what\nevidence he would reply upon to defeat summary judgment or that he would\nadduce any additional evidence to supplement the record, were we to remand\nthis case on procedural grounds. ", "Thus, even had we reached the merits of\nMr. Young’s issues, it is unlikely we would have found harmful error.", "\n\n - 15 -\n\f" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "FreeLaw" }

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[ "June 5, 2016\n\nEURIAS Fellowship Programme for Young Scholars and Senior Researchers Worldwide\n\nCourse(s) Offered: Humanities, Social sciences, Life sciences, Exact sciences, ArtsCourse Level: Research fellowshipProvider: EURIASCountry to Study in: Europe, Middle EastScholarship Description\nThe European Institutes for Advanced Study (EURIAS) Fellowship Programme is an international researcher mobility programme offering 10-month residencies in one of the 18 participating Institutes to promising young scholars as well as senior researchers worldwide.", "\n\nThe Institutes for Advanced Study (IAS) support the focused, self-directed work of outstanding researchers. ", "The fellows benefit from the finest intellectual and research conditions and from the stimulating environment of a multi-disciplinary and international community of first-rate scholars.", "\n\nEURIAS Fellowships are mainly offered in the fields of the humanities and social sciences but may also be granted to scholars in life and exact sciences.", "\n\nEligibilityDegree: At the time of the application, researchers must be in possession of a doctoral degree plus 2 years of full-time research experience after the degree. ", "Exception is made for Law scholars who are eligible with a Master +6 years of full-time research experience after the degree. (", "PhD training is not considered in the calculation of experience).", "\n\nMobility: Researchers from all countries are eligible to the programme.", "\n\nFields of study\nThe programme is open to all disciplines in the fields of humanities and social sciences. ", "It also welcomes applications from the arts, life and exact sciences provided that:\n\nthe research project does not require any intensive laboratory work,\n\nthe research project interfaces with humanities and social sciences,\n\nthe applicant has a proven capacity to dialogue with other scientific disciplines,\n\nthe candidate applies to an IAS that welcome scholars outside the humanities and social sciences.", "\n\nApplicants are strongly encouraged to check the IAS’ websites to learn more about the scientific orientation of the Institutes and their potential opening to disciplines outside the humanities and social sciences.", "\n\nNumber of awards\nFor the 2017-2018 academic year EURIAS offers 48 fellowships (25 junior and 23 senior positions)\n\nScholarship benefits\nAll IAS have agreed on common standards, including the provision of a living allowance (in the range of € 26,000 for a junior fellow and € 38,000 for a senior fellow), accommodation (or a mobility allowance), a research budget, plus coverage of travel expenses.", "\n\nMethod of Application\nApplicants must provide full application forms, curricula, PhD diploma, publications, two letters of recommendation for junior applicants, detailed research proposals. ", "Incomplete applications are not considered. ", "The diversity of the 18 participating IAS offers a wide range of possible research contexts in Europe for worldwide scholars. ", "Applicants may select up to three IAS outside their country of nationality or residence as possible host institutions.", "\n\nApplications are submitted online via the official website (link to it is below), where, you will find detailed information regarding the content of the application, eligibility criteria, and selection procedure.", "\n\nPLEASE NOTE:\nLate applications are not considered (the online application platforms prevents applicants from submitting after the deadline).", "\n\nThe EURIAS Fellowship Programme is an initiative of NetIAS (Network of European Institutes for Advanced Study). ", "The Network brings together 22 Institutes for Advanced Study across Europe. ", "It was created in 2004 to stimulate a dialogue on IAS practices and possible forms of cooperation. ", "Within the whole network, more than 500 researchers are hosted every year for up to one full academic year.", "\n\nApplication Deadline: 8 June 2016Open to International Applicants: Yes" ]

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[ "CLEVELAND, Ohio -- A gunman missed his intended target while opening fire in the courtyard of an apartment complex in the city's Central neighborhood and ended up shooting three people, including a 9-year-old girl, police said.", "\n\nCarlos Anderson, 34, is charged with felonious assault. ", "He is not in police custody and a warrant was issued Friday for his arrest.", "\n\nAnderson was accused of shooting the target of the Thursday shooting about six years ago, according to court records.", "\n\nThe most recent shooting happened about 3 p.m. at the apartment complex on East 30th Street and Central Avenue, police said.", "\n\nAnderson opened fire on his intended target, the man he was accused of shooting in 2011. ", "But a witness saw him walking into the courtyard with a gun and yelled: \"Heads up,\" according to court records.", "\n\nThat warning allowed Anderson's target to get a head start and avoid being shot.", "\n\nAnderson walked into the courtyard wearing a mask and fired at least 11 shots, according to witnesses and police.", "\n\nThe 9-year-old girl was standing in the courtyard with her sister. ", "She was struck by a bullet as she ran from the gunfire, according to police and witnesses.", "\n\nAnderson's gunfire also hit a 37-year-old woman and a 33-year-old man, according to police.", "\n\nIn the 2011 case, someone shot the man Sept. 23, 2011 in the 1500 block of Crawford Road, near Kenmore Avenue on the city's East Side. ", "Another man was also hurt.", "\n\nProsecutors eventually dropped the charge against Anderson without explanation.", "\n\nAnderson is on probation for a 2016 drug trafficking conviction in which he was caught with marijuana, cocaine and a digital scale while driving on East 79the Street and Morris Court.", "\n\nHe pleaded guilty to drug trafficking and was sentenced to one year on probation.", "\n\nAnderson also spent two years in prison for a 2002 conviction for trafficking PCP and crack cocaine.", "\n\nHe was convicted of preparing drugs for sale and possessing drugs in 2001.", "\n\nIf you'd like to comment on this story, visit Friday's crime and courts comments section." ]

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[ "'use strict';\n\nvar StringMask = require('string-mask');\n\ndescribe('uiPercentageMask', function() {\n\tit('should load the demo page', function() {\n\t\tbrowser.get('/src/global/percentage/percentage.html');\n\t\texpect(browser.getTitle()).toEqual('Percentage Spec');\n\t});\n\n\tit('should format percentage numbers with two decimal places (default)', function() {\n\t\tvar formatterView = new StringMask('#.##0,00', {reverse: true}),\n\t\t\tformatterModel = new StringMask('###0.0000', {reverse: true}),\n\t\t\tnumberToFormat = '', percent = ' %', formatedNumberAsString, formatedNumberAsNumber;\n\n\t\tvar input = element(by.model('percentageWithDefaultDecimals')),\n\t\t\tvalue = element(by.binding('percentageWithDefaultDecimals'));\n\n\t\texpect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual('76,54'+percent);\n\t\tinput.clear();\n\n\t\tvar i;\n\t\tfor (i = 1; i <= 9; i++) {\n\t\t\tinput.sendKeys(i);\n\t\t\tnumberToFormat += i;\n\n\t\t\tformatedNumberAsString = formatterView.apply(numberToFormat);\n\t\t\texpect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual(formatedNumberAsString + percent);\n\n\t\t\tformatedNumberAsNumber = formatterModel.apply(numberToFormat);\n\t\t\texpect(value.getText()).toEqual(formatedNumberAsNumber);\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tfor (i = 9; i >= 1; i--) {\n\t\t\tinput.sendKeys(protractor.", "Key.", "BACK_SPACE);\n\t\t\tnumberToFormat = numberToFormat.slice(0, -1);\n\t\t\tif (!", "numberToFormat) {\n\t\t\t\tnumberToFormat = '0';\n\t\t\t} else {\n\t\t\t\tformatedNumberAsNumber = formatterModel.apply(numberToFormat);\n\t\t\t\texpect(value.getText()).toEqual(formatedNumberAsNumber);\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\tformatedNumberAsString = formatterView.apply(numberToFormat);\n\t\t\texpect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual(formatedNumberAsString + percent);\n\t\t}\n\t});\n\n\tit('should accept 0 in all configurations', function() {\n\t\tvar input = element(by.model('percentageWithDefaultDecimals')),\n\t\t\tvalue = element(by.binding('percentageWithDefaultDecimals'));\n\n\t\tinput.clear();\n\t\tinput.sendKeys(0);\n\t\texpect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual('0,00 %');\n\t\texpect(value.getText()).toEqual('0');\n\n\t\tinput = element(by.model('percentageWith4Decimals'));\n\t\tvalue = element(by.binding('percentageWith4Decimals'));\n\n\t\tinput.clear();\n\t\tinput.sendKeys(0);\n\t\texpect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual('0,0000 %');\n\t\texpect(value.getText()).toEqual('0');\n\t});\n\n\tit('should not include the % symbol when the input is empty', function() {\n\t\tvar input = element(by.model('percentageWith4Decimals'));\n\n\t\tinput.clear();\n\t\texpect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual('');\n\t});\n\n\tit('should format percentage numbers with four decimal places (parameter)', function() {\n\t\tvar formatterView = new StringMask('#.##0,0000', {reverse: true}),\n\t\t\tformatterModel = new StringMask('###0.000000', {reverse: true}),\n\t\t\tnumberToFormat = '', percent = ' %', formatedNumberAsString, formatedNumberAsNumber;\n\n\t\tvar input = element(by.model('percentageWith4Decimals')),\n\t\t\tvalue = element(by.binding('percentageWith4Decimals'));\n\n\t\tinput.clear();\n\t\tvar i;\n\t\tfor (i = 1; i <= 9; i++) {\n\t\t\tinput.sendKeys(i);\n\t\t\tnumberToFormat += i;\n\n\t\t\tformatedNumberAsString = formatterView.apply(numberToFormat);\n\t\t\texpect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual(formatedNumberAsString + percent);\n\n\t\t\tformatedNumberAsNumber = formatterModel.apply(numberToFormat);\n\t\t\texpect(value.getText()).toEqual(formatedNumberAsNumber);\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tfor (i = 9; i >= 1; i--) {\n\t\t\tinput.sendKeys(protractor.", "Key.", "BACK_SPACE);\n\t\t\tnumberToFormat = numberToFormat.slice(0, -1);\n\t\t\tif (!", "numberToFormat) {\n\t\t\t\tnumberToFormat = '0';\n\t\t\t} else {\n\t\t\t\tformatedNumberAsNumber = formatterModel.apply(numberToFormat);\n\t\t\t\texpect(value.getText()).toEqual(formatedNumberAsNumber);\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\tformatedNumberAsString = formatterView.apply(numberToFormat);\n\t\t\texpect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual(formatedNumberAsString + percent);\n\t\t}\n\t});\n\n\tit('should format percentage numbers with no decimal places', function() {\n\t\tvar formatterView = new StringMask('#.##0', {reverse: true}),\n\t\t\tformatterModel = new StringMask('###0', {reverse: true}),\n\t\t\tnumberToFormat = '', percent = ' %', formatedNumberAsString, formatedNumberAsNumber;\n\n\t\tvar input = element(by.model('percentageWith0Decimals')),\n\t\t\tvalue = element(by.binding('percentageWith0Decimals'));\n\n\t\tinput.clear();\n\t\tvar i;\n\t\tfor (i = 1; i <= 9; i++) {\n\t\t\tinput.sendKeys(i);\n\t\t\tnumberToFormat += i;\n\n\t\t\tformatedNumberAsString = formatterView.apply(numberToFormat);\n\t\t\texpect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual(formatedNumberAsString + percent);\n\n\t\t\tformatedNumberAsNumber = formatterModel.apply(numberToFormat);\n\t\t\texpect(value.getText()).toEqual(formatedNumberAsNumber);\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tfor (i = 9; i >= 1; i--) {\n\t\t\tinput.sendKeys(protractor.", "Key.", "BACK_SPACE);\n\t\t\tnumberToFormat = numberToFormat.slice(0, -1);\n\t\t\tif (!", "numberToFormat) {\n\t\t\t\tnumberToFormat = '0';\n\t\t\t} else {\n\t\t\t\tformatedNumberAsNumber = formatterModel.apply(numberToFormat);\n\t\t\t\texpect(value.getText()).toEqual(formatedNumberAsNumber);\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\tformatedNumberAsString = formatterView.apply(numberToFormat);\n\t\t\texpect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual(formatedNumberAsString + percent);\n\t\t}\n\t});\n\n\tit('should accept negative numbers when the ui-negative attribute is present', function() {\n\t\tvar input = element(by.model('percentageWithNegativeNumber'));\n\t\tinput.clear();\n\n\t\tinput.sendKeys('123418-');\n\t\texpect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual('-1.234,18 %');\n\t\tinput.sendKeys('-');\n\t\texpect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual('1.234,18 %');\n\t\tinput.sendKeys('-');\n\t\texpect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual('-1.234,18 %');\n\t\tinput.sendKeys('-');\n\t\texpect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual('1.234,18 %');\n\t\tinput.sendKeys('-');\n\t\texpect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual('-1.234,18 %');\n\t\tinput.sendKeys(9);\n\t\texpect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual('-12.341,89 %');\n\t\tinput.sendKeys(protractor.", "Key.", "BACK_SPACE);\n\t\texpect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual('-1.234,18 %');\n\t\tinput.sendKeys('-');\n\t\tinput.sendKeys(9);\n\t\texpect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual('12.341,89 %');\n\t});\n});\n" ]

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[ "For the third consecutive year, Bank Innovation has teamed up with Open Bank Project and (this year) the University of Warwick, to conduct a research survey on how financial institutions worldwide are prioritizing API initiatives in 2017." ]

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[ "The 48 letters from Conservative MPs needed to trigger avote of no confidence in Theresa May’s leadership have been submitted to the1922 Committee, a single -sourced Reuters Brexit editor is reporting.", "\n\nTheir BrexitCentral editor cites a source who he insists is always reliable.", "\n\nUnconfirmed and from a single (always previously reliable) source – but hearing that the 48 letters are in and Downing Street are preparing for a no confidence motion in Theresa May as Conservative leader… — Jonathan Isaby (@isaby) November 16, 2018\n\n“Unconfirmed and from a single (always previously reliable) source – but hearing that the 48 letters are in and Downing Street are preparing for a no confidence motion in Theresa May as Conservative leader…” tweeted Reuters’ Jonathan Isaby who is well connected to Brexiters in the Conservative Party.", "\n\nThe Huffpost’s Paul Waugh just tweeted: “All Govt whips havejust been told to cancel Friday constituency engagements and convene inParliament today, one source tells me. ", "Make of that what you will?”", "\n\nAll Govt whips have just been told to cancel Friday constituency engagements and convene in Parliament today, one source tells me. ", "Make of that what you will? — ", "Paul Waugh (@paulwaugh) November 16, 2018\n\nSky News say sources are confirming this too.", "\n\n“All government whips have been told to cancel any engagements today and return to London as a source close to the whip’s office says a no confidence vote in the Prime Minister is now “likely” Sky news is reporting.", "\n\nSky sources: All government whips have been told to cancel any engagements today and return to London as a source close to the whip's office says a no confidence vote in the Prime Minister is now \"likely\" — Sky News Breaking (@SkyNewsBreak) November 16, 2018\n\nHave this confirmed by a source close to the whips office. ", "They are heading back to SW1. ", "Source tells me it must now be likely that confidence vote happening. “", "Got to be close if not there already” https://t.co/K1RW4Jz77O — Beth Rigby (@BethRigby) November 16, 2018\n\n“Have this confirmed by a source close to the whips office. ", "They are heading back to SW1. ", "Source tells me it must now be likely that confidence vote happening. “", "Got to be close if not there already” – says Beth RIgby Sky News’ Deputy Political Editor.", "\n\nA series of perfectly timed resignations yesterday morning included Brexit Secretary Dominic Raab, regarded by Tories as a “poster boy forBrexit.”", "\n\nHours after Theresa May addressed the nation in a press conference to insist that everything was on track, reports are emerging that enough letters have been submitted to the Conservative backbenchers’ 1922 committee to trigger a leadership contest in the party.", "\n\n“I am not in denial” the Prime Minister insisted last night when questioned about how she would get her Brexit deal through Parliament.", "\n\nBut the DUP had withdrawn their 10 MPs’ support that she hasbeen relying on for a majority, making it extremely unlikely that she can gether deal through the Commons in the face of objections from Labour and her ownMPs determined to vote against her deal.", "\n\n“For what it’s worth, I can’t find a Tory MP who thinks the 48 no-confidence letters aren’t already with the 1922’s Brady. ", "And surprising people are telling me they will vote against her, if (when?) ", "it comes to it” Robert Peston tweeted yesterday.", "\n\nFor what it's worth, I can't find a Tory MP who thinks the 48 no-confidence letters aren't already with the 1922's Brady. ", "And surprising people are telling me they will vote against her, if (when?) ", "it comes to it — Robert Peston (@Peston) November 15, 2018\n\nEarlier Jacob Rees-Mogg publicly handed in a letter of no-confidence in Theresa May’s leadership to Sir Graham Brady, chairman of the1922 Committee and called on other MPs too.", "\n\nWhen asked who would make a good leader for the party, the hardline Brexiter only mentioned fellow Brexit-supporting Tories Boris Johnson,Michael Gove, Dominic Raab, Esther McVey and Penny Mordant.", "\n\nThe prominent Brexiter said Theresa May’s Brexit deal “has turned out to be worse than anticipated and fails to meet the promises given to the nation by the Prime Minister”.", "\n\nThe letter follows up on a threat Mr Rees-Mogg made in the House of Commons this morning, when he reeled off a list of promises he said the Prime Minister had broken with the EU withdrawal agreement.", "\n\nWhich MPs have submitted letters to the 1922 Committee?", "\n\nThe 18 Conservative MPs who have admitted publicly that they have submitted letters calling for a vote of no confidence in the PrimeMinister Theresa May are:\n\nAndrea Jenkyns, Andrew Bridgen, Philip Davies, James Duddridge, Nadine Dorries, Martin Vickers, Adam Holloway, Lee Rowley, Simon Clarke, Jacob Rees-Mogg, Peter Bone, John Whittingdale, Laurence Robertson, Steve Baker, Maria Caulfield, Lee Rowley, Simon Clarke, Jacob Rees-Mogg, Peter Bone, John Whittingdale, Laurence Robertson, Steve Baker and Maria Caulfield.", "\n\nAt the same time resignations started hours after Theresa May presented the Brexit agreement to her cabinet.", "\n\nMichael Gove refuses to say if he will resign.", "\n\nSuella Braverman quit as minister in the Brexit department. ", "She was the 4th resignation yesterday after Esther McVey, Dominc Raab and theNorthern Ireland Minster Shailesh Vara earlier today,\n\nBoris Johnson was also seen bolting from the ERG meeting, and declined to speak to reporters.", "\n\nAnd Tories were briefing a vote of no confidence was just a matter of time for their leader.", "\n\nDavid Davis’ former advisor Stewart Jackson told LBC radio: “I think she’s finished, let’s be honest. ", "I mean, she’s totally finished. ", "You’ll have 48 letters in by next week.", "\n\n“She’s lost the trust of the parliamentary party. ", "It’s not just Brexiteers. ", "The point is that for so many months she has obfuscated all the details of what, in secret, she has been negotiating with Olly Robbins and others with the European Union.”", "\n\n“Sensing the levels of frustration and annoyance colleagues are feeling it would not surprise me if organically letters are going in,” Brexiteer MP Conor Burns also told LBC, adding, “anybody looking in could rightly conclude that most people are appalled at the mess we are in.", "\n\n“This is an embarrassment for Britain. ", "It’s an embarrassment for us all.”", "\n\nSteve Baker says ‘We’ve tried everything to change policy but not the Prime Minister but it has not worked. ", "It is too late. ", "We need a new leader.’- ", "another letter that could tip the balance over 48 — Laura Kuenssberg (@bbclaurak) November 15, 2018\n\nLatest Political and Brexit News:" ]

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[ "Saturday, October 4, 2008\n\nThe Prodigal Returns\n\nHey, gang!Sorry about the long time between postings; everything has been crazy here (and continues to be).In the time since I last posted, I have:-passed a siSwati test-been sworn in as an official Peace Corps Volunteer-started to teach a test class in one of the local schools-continued investigating my community, with the help of the inimitable Mr.Dlamini. ", "We have surveyed all but one of the NCPs (Neighborhood Care Point, a place where OVCs [Orphans and Vulnerable Children, people who have lost one or more parents to HIV or are otherwise in danger of being hungry] can go to get food and sometimes schooling)-eaten more goat-meat, with the hair on.-acquired furniture.-squashed a near-infinite number of ants (hateful creatures, won't eat my cooking, only my sugar.)-lamented that hand-washing is slowly wearing my t-shirts thin.-learned some siSwati-cursed my inability to learn siSwati" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nHow can I get the value of an HTML tag using JS\n\nOkay guys, I do have another thread related to this one, however this is a new question.", "\nI have this code in my HTML page:\n<span class=\"licon liconspan\">1</span>\n\nNow how can I get the value of \"1\" into a JS variable?", "\n\nA:\n\nActually \"1\" is not a value of a tag, it is its content. ", "In its turn, it is stored in innerHTML property of a certain element. ", "For your particular case, you can access it like this:\nvar variable = document.querySelector('.liconspan').innerHTML;\n\n" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nHow do I properly use a Callback in this code? (", "Kivy)\n\nWhy does this code not work? ", "I think it's something to do with x1 being already defined because I get the error \"UnboundLocalError: local variable 'x1' referenced before assignment\" whenever I click b1. ", "Please I've searched the entire Internet with no luck.... Sorry I'm relatively new to Python and programming.", "\nimport calendar\nimport datetime\nfrom kivy.app import App\nfrom kivy.uix.label import Label\nfrom kivy.uix.button import Button\nfrom kivy.uix.gridlayout import GridLayout\nfrom kivy.uix.label import Label\n\nnow = datetime.datetime.now()\nh = now.hour\nm = now.minute\ns = now.second\nyear = now.year\nmonth = now.month\nday = now.day\nhome = 'home.'", "\nweekday1 = calendar.weekday(year, month, day)\nif len(str(m)) == 1:\n zero = '0'\nelse:\n zero = ''\nif len(str(s)) == 1:\n zero1 = '0'\nelse:\n zero1 = ''\n\nif weekday1 == 0:\n day = 'Monday'\n time = '''Period 1/2/3/4 = History\nPeriod 5/6 = Japanese'''\n if h == 8 and m >= 40:\n current = 'Homeroom.'", "\n elif h == 9 or (h == 10 and m <= 40):\n current = 'History.'", "\n elif h == 10 and m > 40:\n current = 'recess.'", "\n elif h == 11 or (h == 12 and m <= 40):\n current = 'History.'", "\n elif (h == 12 and m > 40) or (h == 13 and m <= 20):\n current = 'lunch.'", "\n elif (h == 13 and m > 20) or h == 14:\n current = 'Japanese.'", "\n else:\n current = home\nelif weekday1 == 1:\n day = 'Tuesday'\n time = '''Period 1 = English\nPeriod 2 = Maths\nPeriod 3/4 = English\nPeriod 5/6 = ICT'''\n if h == 8 and m>= 40:\n current = 'Homeroom.'", "\n elif h == 9 and m <= 50:\n current = 'English.'", "\n elif (h == 9 and m > 50) or (h == 10 and m <= 40):\n current = 'Maths.'", "\n elif h == 10 and m > 40:\n current = 'recess.'", "\n elif h == 11 or (h == 12 and m <= 40):\n current = 'English.'", "\n elif (h == 12 and m > 40) or (h == 13 and m <= 20):\n current = 'lunch.'", "\n elif (h == 13 and m > 20) or h == 14:\n current = 'ICT.'", "\n else:\n current = home\nelif weekday1 == 2:\n day = 'Wednesday'\n time = '''Period 1/2 = Science Extended\nPeriod 3 = English\nPeriod 4 = Maths\nPeriod 5/6 = Science'''\n if h == 8 and m >= 40:\n current = 'Homeroom.'", "\n elif h == 9 or (h == 10 and m <= 40):\n current = 'Science Extended.'", "\n elif h == 10 and m > 40:\n current = 'recess.'", "\n elif h == 11 and m <= 50:\n current = 'English.'", "\n elif (h== 11 and m > 50) or (h == 12 and m <= 40):\n current = 'Maths.'", "\n elif (h == 12 and m > 40) or (h == 13 and m <= 20):\n current = 'lunch.'", "\n elif (h == 13 and m > 20) or h == 14:\n current = 'Science.'", "\n else:\n current = home\nelif weekday1 == 3:\n day = 'Thursday'\n time = '''Period 1/2 = Art\nPeriod 3 = Science\nPeriod 4 = Wellbeing\nPeriod 5 = English\nPeriod 6 = Maths'''\n if h == 8 and m >= 40:\n current = 'Homeroom.'", "\n elif (h == 10 and m <= 40) or h == 9:\n current = 'Art.'", "\n elif h == 10 and m > 40:\n current = 'recess.'", "\n elif h == 11 and m <= 50:\n current = 'Science.'", "\n elif (h == 11 and m > 50) or (h == 12 and m <= 40):\n current = 'Wellbeing.'", "\n elif (h == 12 and m > 40) or (h == 13 and m < 20):\n current = 'lunch.'", "\n elif (h == 13 and m >= 20) or (h == 14 and m <= 10):\n current = 'English.'", "\n elif h == 14 and m > 10:\n current = 'Maths.'", "\n else:\n current = home\nelif weekday1 == 4:\n day = 'Friday'\n time = '''Period 1/2 = PE\nPeriod 3 = English\nPeriod 4 = Maths\nPeriod 5/6 = Music'''\n if h == 8 and m >= 40:\n current = 'Homeroom.'", "\n elif h == 9 or (h == 10 and m <= 40):\n current = 'PE.'", "\n elif h == 10 and m > 40:\n current = 'recess.'", "\n elif h == 11 and m <= 50:\n current = 'English.'", "\n elif (h == 11 and m > 50) or (h == 12 and m <= 40):\n current = 'Maths.'", "\n elif (h == 12 and m > 40) or (h == 13 and m < 20):\n current = 'lunch.'", "\n elif (h == 13 and m >= 20) or h == 14:\n current = 'Music.'", "\n else:\n current = home\nelse:\n day = 'a weekend'\n time = 'You have none.'", "\nif day == 'a weekend':\n a = \"You don't have to be anywhere.\"", "\nelse:\n a = ('You should be at ' + current)\n\na1 = ('Today is ' + day + '.')", "\na2 = ('''Today your timetable is:\n''' + time)\na3 = ('The current time is ' + str(h) + ':' + zero + str(m) + ':' + zero1 + str(s) + '.')", "\n\nt1 = 'What is the day today?'", "\nt2 = 'What is the current time?'", "\nt3 = 'What is my timetable today?'", "\nt4 = 'Where should I be?'", "\n\nx1, x2, x3, x4 = '', '', '', ''\n\ndef callback1(object):\n del x1\n x1 = a1\ndef callback2(object):\n x2 = a3\ndef callback3(object):\n x3 = a2\ndef callback4(object):\n x4 = a\n\nb1 = Button(text = t1)\nb1.bind(on_press = callback1)\n\nlayout = GridLayout(cols = 2)\nlayout.add_widget(b1)\nlayout.add_widget(Label(text = x1))\nlayout.add_widget(Button(text = t2))\nlayout.add_widget(Label(text = x2))\nlayout.add_widget(Button(text = t3))\nlayout.add_widget(Label(text = x3))\nlayout.add_widget(Button(text = t4))\nlayout.add_widget(Label(text = x4))\n\nclass TimeTable(App):\n def build(self):\n return layout\n\nif __name__ == '__main__':\n TimeTable().run()\n\nA:\n\nYour error is because you try to delete a global variable (x1) in a local context (callback1), without declaring it as global before.", "\nYou could do:\nglobal x1\ndel x1\n\nBut there is a more general issue with what you are trying to accomplish, when you say text = x1, it just passes the current value of x1 to the text property of the Label you create, and changing the value of x1 later has no effect on this, what you want is to change widget.text to the new value (and you should rename object to widget in these callbacks, object is the name of the base class in python, so you shouldn't use it as a parameter or anything).", "\nAlso, the way you structure your code won't work well in the long term, you should do more things in methods of your class (most of what you do before could be done in build).", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nHow big is too big for a view in MySQL InnoDB?", "\n\nBACKGROUND\nI'm working with a MySQL InnoDB database with 60+ tables and I'm creating different views in order to make dynamic queries fast and easier in the code. ", "I have a couple of views with INNER JOINS (without many-to-many relationships) of 20 to 28 tables SELECTING 100 to 120 columns with row count below 5,000 and it works lighting fast. ", "\nACTUAL PROBLEM\nI'm creating a master view with INNER JOINS (without many-to-many relationships) of 34 tables and SELECTING about 150 columns with row count below 5,000 and it seems like it's too much. ", "It takes forever to do a single SELECT. ", "I'm wondering if I hit some kind of view-size limit and if there is any way of increasing it, or any tricks that would help me pass through this apparent limit. ", "\nIt's important to note that I'm NOT USING Aggregate functions because I know about their negative impact on performance, which, by the way I'm very concerned about.", "\n\nA:\n\nMySql does not use the \"System R algorithm\" (used by Postgresql, Oracle, and SQL Server, I think), which considers not only different merge algorithms (MySQL only has nested-loop, although you can fake a hash join by using a hash index), but also the possible ways of joining the tables and possible index combinations. ", "The result seems to be that parsing of queries - and query execution - can be very quick upto a point, but performance can dramatically drop off as the optimizer chooses the wrong path through the data.", "\nTake a look at your explain plans and try to see if a) the drop in performance is due to the number of columns you are returning (just do SELECT 1 or something) or b) if it is due to the optimizer choosing a table scan instead of index usage.", "\n\nA:\n\nA view is just a named query. ", "When you refer to a view in MySQL it just replaces the name with the actual query and run it.", "\nIt seems that you confuse it with materialized views, which are tables you create from a query. ", "Afterwards you can query that table, and does not have to do the original query again. ", "\nMaterialized views are not implemented in MySQL.", "\nTo improve the performance try to use the keyword explain to see where you can optimize your query/view.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nAdd new Dropdown Action to the Admin Product Page\n\nIn Shopify how can I add a new dropdown action to the admin product page?", "\nSomething similar to this: https://ibb.co/dxyika\nI've looked at the API and I can't find anything related to this.", "\n\nA:\n\nThe feature is called app links. ", "If you have created a public app then you can set up app links through adjusting your app settings in the partners dashboard.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nPOP3 RFC: Server sending a non standard response\n\nHello all :) I'm fetching some mails from a pop3 server and I'm having a bit of troubles reading a multipart/mixed mail. ", "I traced what is happening when I do a:\n} else if (p.isMimeType(\"multipart/*\")) {\n Multipart mp = (Multipart) p.getContent();\n System.out.println(mp.getCount()); // Throws\n // ...\n}\n\nThis throws:\njavax.mail.", "MessagingException: Unexpected response: Write back to blah@blah.com\n at org.apache.geronimo.javamail.store.pop3.POP3ResponseBuilder.buildResponse(POP3ResponseBuilder.java:86)\n at org.apache.geronimo.javamail.store.pop3.POP3Connection.sendCommand(POP3Connection.java:154)\n at org.apache.geronimo.javamail.store.pop3.message.", "POP3Message.getContentStream(POP3Message.java:88)\n at javax.mail.internet.", "MimePartDataSource.getInputStream(MimePartDataSource.java:46)\n at javax.mail.internet.", "MimeMultipart.parse(MimeMultipart.java:169)\n at javax.mail.internet.", "MimeMultipart.getCount(MimeMultipart.java:104)\n at fr.clcg.basemkt.npai.", "ImportNPAIFromMail.getText(ImportNPAIFromMail.java:214)\n\nWrite back to blah@blah.com is missing some response status from the server.", "\nAccording to this implementation, which I am using, it is supposed to receive +OK Write back to blah@blah.com, or -ERR Write back to blah@blah.com, or + [...]; But I only get the message and not the status and an error is thrown on line 86.", "\nOutlook, on the other hand, has no problem dealing with this email.", "\nSo my question is: Am I missing something, am I using Java Mail incorrectly? ", "Can I activate a mode where the POP3 connection status checking is less strict? ", "Is the pop3 provider badly configured?", "\n\nA:\n\nTry using the JavaMail reference implementation instead.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "1. ", "Field of the Invention\nThe present invention relates to a data transmission method for transmitting and receiving data, such as video and/or audio data in which additional information data (i.e., data hiding or water mark, etc.) ", "are embedded or concealed, and apparatuses for transmitting and reproducing such the video and/or audio data, and in particular, relates to data transmitting and reproducing apparatuses for embedding and detecting the additional information data which are embedded or concealed into the data being transmitted, as well as an information recording medium therefor.", "\n2. ", "Description of Prior Art\nUp to now, data hiding has been studied or researched as a technology for embedding or concealing an identification information and/or an annotation into original contents in a form of, such as text data and/or audio/video data. ", "In recent years, the data hiding technology begins to be applied as a technology for protecting a copy right from illegal operations, such as copying of the original data, by embedding such the identification information into them. ", "Such the technology is described in “Data Hiding Technology for Supporting Electronic Water Mark (Upper)”, pages 149 through 162, NIKKEI ELECTRONICS 1997.2.24 (no. ", "683), by Nikkei Business Publications, Inc.\nThe data being embedded into the original data, however, are deteriorated through various operations including, such as a filtering, a data compression and so on, thereby, they sometimes happen to be removed from them, for instance, in particular, after encoding/decoding (or converting/inverting) operation thereof. ", "Therefore, such the hidden data are inserted or embedded in the original data or the like repetitively, so as not to be deleted therefrom easily.", "\nHowever, in the prior art mentioned in the above, there is no description or teaching about a concrete and/or practical way of reproducing the additional information data which are embedded into the original data repetitively, with a low error rate.", "\nSince the video or picture data is large in an amount thereof, therefore, normally it is transferred after being compressed. ", "The transferred data is then de-compressed to be restored into the original data, however, it is impossible to restore them back to the original ones perfectly or completely, due to the processes of such the compression/de-compression. ", "Further, when transmitting the data, errors may occur in the data depending on the route of the data transmission. ", "For restoring such the erred data, it is ordinary to add an error correction code onto it previously, and then so-called correction of the erred data can be performed therewith. ", "However, in the restoration of the data with such the error correction code, though it is possible to detect the error(s) occurring in the data, it is sometimes impossible to restore or correct them if the reliability of the data itself cannot be ensured at a level higher than a certain level. ", "Therefore, it is necessary that an error rate of the data being transmitted must be reduced as low as the error correction is possible to be applied in the level or degree thereof." ]

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[ "Attention Please! ", "Creating Interactive & Immersive Content\n\nThis is the one! ", "In this webinar, we'll look at ways to engage Learners by increasing interactivity in our e-Learning content...let's put the \"fun\" back in \"functional\" content.", "\n\nTopics covered:\n\nHow to engage learners with increased interactivity\n\nWhen it is beneficial to use branching scenarios in your content\n\nCreating branching scenarios\n\nBest practices on building a tree of your scenario\n\nMichael Sheyahshe\n\nTechnologist at alterNative Media\n\nMichael has almost 2 decades of experience in the design and development of interactive media, tools, simulations, and games for federal, state, and corporate entities, utilizing various agile methodologies." ]

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[ "Abstract\n\nA pneumatically powered, reconfigurable omnidirectional soft robot based on caterpillar locomotion is described. ", "The robot is composed of nine modules arranged as a three by three matrix and the length of this matrix is 154 mm. ", "The robot propagates a traveling wave inspired by caterpillar locomotion, and it has all three degrees of freedom on a plane (X, Y, and rotation). ", "The speed of the robot is about 18.5 m/h (two body lengths per minute) and it can rotate at a speed of 1.63°/s. ", "The modules have neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) magnets embedded and can be easily replaced or combined into other configurations. ", "Two different configurations are presented to demonstrate the possibilities of the modular structure: (1) by removing some modules, the omnidirectional robot can be reassembled into a form that can crawl in a pipe and (2) two omnidirectional robots can crawl close to each other and be assembled automatically into a bigger omnidirectional robot. ", "Omnidirectional motion is important for soft robots to explore unstructured environments. ", "The modular structure gives the soft robot the ability to cope with the challenges of different environments and tasks." ]

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[ "The White House will serve gourmet poutine at tonight's state dinner\n\nCanada's Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and his wife, Sophie Grégoire-Trudeau, are joining the Obamas tonight for their first state dinner. ", "He's definitely a closet party animal, so it looks like the First Couple figured why not serve guests Canada's go-to drunk food. ", "White House executive chef Cristeta Comerford has a clever riff on poutine, the fry–gravy–cheese curd grease bomb, in store for the two. ", "State dinners are extremely fussy affairs, so this poutine had to be \"spiffed up and scaled back,\" Washington Post restaurant critic Tom Sietsma explains, by morphing it into a tiny canapé. ", "This grown-up version involves a little nest of wafer fries, shavings of smoked Hudson River duck, and a fancy red-wine gravy.", "\n\nMost of Comerford's menu actually pays her neighbor to the north homage. ", "Lots of ingredients are from the Pacific Northwest, and she's drizzling Yukon Gold potatoes with Yukon Jack Canadian whiskey. ", "On the dessert end, there are even sweets inspired by Nanaimo bars. ", "Still, it's the poutine Canadians are freaking out about, both because they're psyched and because they're pretty sure America is going to screw up their national dish:\n\nDon't worry guys: one of the canapés tomorrow is a take on a duck Poutine. #", "PMJTinDC" ]

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[ "// Copyright 2008,2009,2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology.", "\n// All rights reserved. ", "Use of this source code is governed by a\n// BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.", "\n\n#include <netinet/in.h>\n\n#include \"base/assert.h\"\n#include \"dtxn/configparser.h\"\n#include \"dtxn2/blockingscheduler.h\"\n#include \"dtxn2/common.h\"\n#include \"io/libeventloop.h\"\n#include \"net/messageconnectionutil.h\"\n#include \"protodtxn/dtxn.pb.h\"\n#include \"protodtxn/protodtxnengine.h\"\n#include \"protorpc/protorpcchannel.h\"\n#include \"base/debuglog.h\"\n\nusing std::vector;\n\nint main(int argc, const char* argv[]) {\n if (argc !", "= 5) {\n LOG_ERROR(\"protodtxnengine [engine address] [configuration file] [partition index] [replica index]\");\n return 1;\n }\n const char* const address = argv[1];\n const char* const config_file = argv[2];\n int partition_index = atoi(argv[3]);\n int replica_index = atoi(argv[4]);\n\n vector<dtxn::Partition> partitions = dtxn::parseConfigurationFromPath(config_file);\n assert(0 <= partition_index && partition_index < partitions.size());\n assert(0 <= replica_index && replica_index < partitions[partition_index].numReplicas());\n\n io::LibEventLoop event_loop;\n\n // Connect to the stub\n io::LibEventLoop stub_event_loop;\n vector<NetworkAddress> stub_address(1);\n bool success = stub_address[0].parse(address);\n CHECK(success);\n\n vector<TCPConnection*> connections = net::createConnectionsWithRetry(\n &event_loop, stub_address);\n if (connections.empty()) {\n LOG_ERROR(\"Connection to %s failed\", address);\n return 1;\n }\n ASSERT(connections.size() == 1 && connections[0] !", "= NULL);\n protorpc::ProtoRpcChannel channel(&stub_event_loop, connections[0]);\n connections.clear();\n protodtxn::ExecutionEngine::Stub service(&channel);\n\n // Run the engine\n protodtxn::ProtoDtxnEngine engine(&stub_event_loop, &service);\n dtxn2::BlockingScheduler scheduler(&engine);\n dtxn2::runServer(&event_loop, &scheduler, partitions[partition_index], replica_index);\n\n // Avoid valgrind warnings\n#ifndef DEBUG\n google::protobuf::ShutdownProtobufLibrary();\n#endif\n return 0;\n}\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

[ 0.0006712423055432737, 0.0006405614549294114, 0.0006039395811967552, 0.0013455630978569388, 0.0016149383736774325, 0.003982527181506157 ]

[ "Q:\n\nCustomize QTreeWidgetItem Pyside2\n\nI have a QTreeWidget where I want each row to be like this widget: \n\nI know how to create the widget itself, how to create a basic QTreeWidgetItem but I don't know how to tie the both of them together. ", "\nI am using PySide2 and python.", "\n\nA:\n\nWithout any Minimal Reproducible Example and If I andertood your question you can try something like that.", "\nIt create an item and in each column you can assign a text or another widget.", "\nfrom PySide2 import QtWidgets, QtCore, QtGui\n\nclass Window(QtWidgets.", "QWidget):\n def __init__(self, parent=None):\n super(Window, self).__init__(parent=parent)\n\n layout = QtWidgets.", "QVBoxLayout()\n\n self.treewidget = QtWidgets.", "QTreeWidget()\n self.treewidget.setColumnCount(4)\n\n layout.addWidget(self.treewidget)\n\n self.setLayout(layout)\n\n self.build_tree()\n\n def build_tree(self):\n for index in range(10):\n item = QtWidgets.", "QTreeWidgetItem(self.treewidget)\n item.setText(0, 'icon 1')\n item.setText(1, 'icon 2')\n\n line_edit = QtWidgets.", "QLineEdit(self.treewidget)\n\n push_button = QtWidgets.", "QPushButton(self.treewidget)\n push_button.setText('TEST')\n\n self.treewidget.setItemWidget(item, 2, line_edit)\n self.treewidget.setItemWidget(item, 3, push_button)\n\napp = QtWidgets.", "QApplication([])\nwindow = Window()\nwindow.show()\napp.exec_()\n\nAnd if you don't want to have more than one column in your treewidget, I think you can use a Qwidget and a layout like this (just replace the method).", "\ndef build_tree(self):\n for index in range(10):\n item = QtWidgets.", "QTreeWidgetItem(self.treewidget)\n\n widget = QtWidgets.", "QWidget()\n layout = QtWidgets.", "QHBoxLayout()\n\n label_1 = QtWidgets.", "QLabel('icon 1')\n label_2 = QtWidgets.", "QLabel('icon 2')\n line_edit = QtWidgets.", "QLineEdit()\n push_button = QtWidgets.", "QPushButton('TEST')\n\n layout.addWidget(label_1)\n layout.addWidget(label_2)\n layout.addWidget(line_edit)\n layout.addWidget(push_button)\n\n widget.setLayout(layout)\n\n self.treewidget.setItemWidget(item, 0, widget)\n\nand remove this line in the init method:\nself.treewidget.setColumnCount(4)\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0.000766448734793812, 0.0006299933302216232, 0.0010692046489566565, 0.000709576706867665, 0.0006996178417466581, 0.0008152254740707576, 0.0008231531246565282, 0.0009786670561879873, 0.0007933188462629914, 0.0008934745565056801, 0.0022326866164803505, 0.0006586139206774533, 0.0006620812928304076, 0.0008188998908735812, 0.0007000126061029732, 0.0007842155755497515, 0.00062089558923617, 0.0006501373718492687, 0.0008012898615561426, 0.0012664678506553173 ]

[ "Radical hysterectomy for recurrent cervical cancer following radiation therapy.", "\nIn patients with small central recurrences following radiation therapy for cervical cancer the surgeon may have to make a judgment as to when radical hysterectomy is preferable to exenteration. ", "During the years 1968-1984 there were 21 radical hysterectomies performed at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center for recurrent cervical cancer. ", "The original clinical stage distribution is as follows: IB-4, IIA-4, IIB-11, IIIB-1, IVA-1. ", "The median interval from initial diagnosis to recurrence was 10 months. ", "There were two operative deaths; both were from sepsis. ", "Ten of the 21 patients developed postoperative fistulas, with 9 requiring surgical diversion of the urinary or both urinary and intestinal tracts. ", "Thirteen of 21 patients (62%) have survived with a median follow-up of 73 months. ", "Seven patients suffered recurrences following radical hysterectomy. ", "All developed recurrence in the central pelvis. ", "Four had sidewall disease as well, but none had distant disease at the time recurrence was diagnosed. ", "Of 11 patients with cervical tumors of 2 cm or less in size at the time of radical hysterectomy, none experienced recurrence, while among 10 patients with tumor size of greater than 2 cm, 7 had recurrence. ", "All patients whose initial clinical stage was IB or IIA have survived without recurrence. ", "There was only 1 survivor among 5 patients with positive parametrial or vaginal margins. ", "Six of the 13 survivors required urinary diversion, and 2 required colostomy as well. ", "Radical hysterectomy for this indication is a morbid procedure which should be undertaken only by the most experienced of pelvic surgeons and limited to patients of early clinical stage with central recurrences of less than 2 cm in size." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

[ 0.0012141203042119741, 0.0008975531673058867, 0.0009267220739275217, 0.0005493836360983551, 0.0005881082615815103, 0.004763680975884199, 0.0038968059234321117, 0.0006036193808540702, 0.0010689771734178066, 0.018567414954304695, 0.0008684744825586677, 0.0006841123104095459, 0.0006699967198073864, 0.005898375529795885, 0.0007586064748466015, 0.0033716398756951094 ]

[ "Free Standard Shipping on purchases of $34.99 or more applies in the U.S. only. ", "Free Returns in the U.S. and Canada. ", "Large, oversized items and products delivered by special or white glove carriers are not eligible for free shipping or free returns. ", "Free returns are not applicable to final sale/non-returnable items. ", "As always, check the deal's Fine Print for restrictions. ", "Learn More" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

[ 0.0005924865836277604, 0.0006098002195358276, 0.0006015661056153476, 0.0007020071498118341, 0.0005760893109254539, 0.0016971873119473457 ]

[ "Q:\n\nI Can't find [Serializable] in DNX Core 5.0\n\nI Can't find [Serializable] in DNX Core 5.0\nI try with 'using System'. ", "Its working for DNX 4.5.1 but not for 5.0\nWhat packages should I add to make this work?", "\n [Serializable]\n public class WorkItem\n {\n }\n\nMy Project json\n{\n \"webroot\": \"wwwroot\",\n \"version\": \"1.0.0-*\",\n\n \"dependencies\": {\n \"Microsoft.", "AspNet.", "Server.", "IIS\": \"1.0.0-beta7\",\n \"Microsoft.", "AspNet.", "Server.", "WebListener\": \"1.0.0-beta7\",\n \"_my.", "DataAccess.", "Common\": \"1.0.0-*\",\n \"_my.", "DependencyInjection.", "Common\": \"1.0.0-*\",\n \"System.", "Runtime.", "Serialization\": \"4.0.0.0\"\n },\n\n \"commands\": {\n \"web\": \"Microsoft.", "AspNet.", "Hosting --config hosting.ini\"\n },\n\n \"frameworks\": {\n \"dnx451\": {\n \"frameworkAssemblies\": {\n \"System.", "Runtime.", "Serialization\": \"4.0.0.0\"\n }\n },\n \"dnxcore50\": { }\n },\n\n \"publishExclude\": [\n \"node_modules\",\n \"bower_components\",\n \"**.xproj\",\n \"**.user\",\n \"**.vspscc\"\n ],\n \"exclude\": [\n \"wwwroot\",\n \"node_modules\",\n \"bower_components\"\n ]\n}\n\nA:\n\nI got the same issue and tried DataContract attribute it worked for me. ", "\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0.0007028211839497089, 0.0006088135996833444, 0.0006660462822765112, 0.0010526413097977638, 0.0008819304639473557, 0.000706581340637058, 0.0010526413097977638, 0.0008819304639473557, 0.00075790990376845, 0.0008159243734553456, 0.0008247292134910822, 0.0012062799651175737, 0.000735708512365818, 0.0007687499164603651, 0.0006639395724050701, 0.0010526413097977638, 0.0006657826015725732, 0.0007687499164603651, 0.0006800732808187604, 0.001995444530621171 ]

[ "Q:\n\nNetBeans - How to import a class from an external library\n\nI have a Java project in Netbeans and I want to use some classes from Weka within my project.", "\nI added the file C:\\Program Files\\Weka-3-7\\weka-src.jar into my Libraries following the instructions here (project, properties, libraries ..)\nSo how do I now import the classes I want?", "\nI tried importing like this:\nimport weka.core.converters.", "ConverterUtils.", "DataSource;\n\nAnd for kicks, I also tried this which didn't work either:\nimport src.main.java.weka.core.converters.", "ConverterUtils.", "DataSource;\n\nNetBeans says \"package does not exist\" for both.", "\nHave I linked the libraries incorrectly? ", " Do I need to phrase the import differently?", "\nMuch thanks for any insight into this you can provide.", "\nUpdate:\nIn my Libraries folder of my projects tab I see:\nweka-src.jar and under that I see: , META-INF, lib, src.main.java.weka.associations, and lots of other things from weka.", "\n\nA:\n\nI have downloaded Weka from here. ", "I have added the JAR file you mentioned and I have also added weka-src.jar. ", "\nThe problem is that although I have no problems with your first import:\nimport weka.core.converters.", "ConverterUtils.", "DataSource;\n\nI can't see this package anywhere:\nimport src.main.java.weka.core.converters.", "ConverterUtils.", "DataSource;\n\nTo see if you have successfully imported a .jar file or a library, click on the \"Projects\" button on the left margin, find the Project you have added the resource to and expand the view (by pressing the + sign). ", "You should have an item named \"Libraries\". ", "If you expand that, you should be able to see the files you have added.", "\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0.000872087141033262, 0.0008766375831328332, 0.0008459113305434585, 0.0015606031520292163, 0.0010364654008299112, 0.0015606031520292163, 0.0006894413381814957, 0.0008117603720165789, 0.0006894588004797697, 0.0005265719373710454, 0.0005807785782963037, 0.0006472508539445698, 0.000617266574408859, 0.0012739045778289437, 0.0015606031520292163, 0.000696375616826117, 0.0015606031520292163, 0.0006105041829869151, 0.0006376307574100792, 0.0005259710014797747, 0.001995444530621171 ]

[ "BOOK NEWS: Falling by Jane Green\n\nThursday, 19 May 2016\n\nThere are already plenty of great-looking books being released this summer, and one of them is the latest offering from Jane Green, author of Jemima J and Life Swap. ", "Falling is released in July and follows Emma Montague, who leaves her life in New York in favour of a Connecticut beach cottage.", "\n\nEight years ago, Emma Montague left behind the strict confines of her upper-crust English life - and rather dull boyfriend - and moved to New York City, where she immediately found success in the world of finance. ", "But her soulless, cut-throat, all-consuming job has only led to another life she didn't want. ", "Answering an online ad, Emma finds a tiny beach cottage to rent in the small town of Westport, Connecticut. ", "It needs work - lots of work. ", "But it's the perfect project to satisfy Emma's passion for interior design and gardening, if her new landlord, Dominic, is agreeable to the small changes she yearns to make. ", "To Emma, Dominic is also something of a fixer-upper. ", "A local handyman with a six-year-old son, he's a world away from the men she should be interested in, but he's comfortable in his own skin, confident, quiet and kind. ", "Slowly, over a shared garden, time spent with his son and late-night conversations, Emma finds herself falling for Dominic.", "From friends to lovers happens as naturally as the changing seasons. ", "But laying down roots doesn't come easily when two lives as different as theirs merge into one. ", "And Emma will realize that the seeds of happiness must be nurtured and cherished to grow into something strong enough to shelter all their hopes and dreams..." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.0005669089150615036, 0.0007861193735152483, 0.0021636176388710737, 0.20451369881629944, 0.0007409417885355651, 0.0008619797299616039, 0.000582233420573175, 0.013547542504966259, 0.001213609823025763, 0.0007241580751724541, 0.0006123725324869156, 0.0006612930446863174, 0.0005879721138626337 ]

[ "Impact of a community-based intervention on serving and intake of vegetables among low-income, rural Appalachian families.", "\nTo evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based intervention promoting the serving and eating of deep-orange, cruciferous, and dark-green leafy vegetables. ", "Randomized, parallel-group, community-based intervention with a baseline/postintervention/3-month follow-up design. ", "Low-income food preparers (n = 50) and their partners (n = 50) in rural Appalachia Pennsylvania. ", "Experimental food preparers attended 8 weekly interactive lessons; control food preparers received 8 weekly mailings that included similar recipes and handouts. ", "Target vegetable intake and frequency of serving by experimental and control treatment groups and by high and low meal diary scores, a measure of recipe acceptability. ", "Linear mixed-model analysis with repeated measures. ", "No significant differences resulted between the original experimental and control treatment groups. ", "When grouped by high and low meal diary scores, more experimental families had high scores than in controls. ", "High scores were associated with significant changes in frequency of serving and intake of the target vegetables. ", "Meal diary use may foster food preparer negotiation with partners and children to become involved in vegetable dish evaluation. ", "Tools to help the trained food preparer draw family members into recipe evaluation, such as the meal diary, are useful and needed." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

[ 0.0006235437467694283, 0.0006189198466017842, 0.000603779568336904, 0.0006864150636829436, 0.0006149312830530107, 0.0005828047287650406, 0.0005997253465466201, 0.0005897082737646997, 0.0005797616904601455, 0.0006137733580544591, 0.0005633092951029539, 0.0005615603877231479 ]

[ "As image capturing devices for capturing an image by scanning a surface of an object using a one-dimensional imaging element having a plurality of light-sensitive pixels arrayed in a line shape, imaging sensors called contact image sensors (CISs) are known. ", "Contact image sensors are widely used for image-capturing functions of, for example, copying machines, image scanners, facsimile machines, or the like. ", "Contact image sensors of these types use an optical element called a rod lens array for forming an erect equal-magnification image, thus there is the problem that the depth of field is small. ", "Therefore, a technique for improving the depth of field is disclosed in Patent Literature 1 (Japanese Patent Application Publication No. ", "1994-342131), for example.", "\nA contact image sensor disclosed in Patent Literature 1 includes a plurality of lens elements as an optical element for forming an erect equal-magnification image. ", "In order to improve the depth of field, an overlapping limiting member for limiting overlapping of optical images formed by the plurality of lens elements are provided on or near an emitting surface of each of the lens elements." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds" }

[ 0.0005679554888047278, 0.0006524348864331841, 0.000667554559186101, 0.0005602299934253097, 0.0006434473325498402, 0.0006013935199007392, 0.0005469402531161904 ]

[ "Requirement of the familial Alzheimer's disease gene PS2 for apoptosis. ", "Opposing effect of ALG-3.", "\nALG-3, a truncated mouse homologue of the chromosome 1 familial Alzheimer's disease gene PS2, rescues T hybridoma 3DO cells from T-cell receptor-induced apoptosis by inhibiting Fas ligand induction and Fas signaling. ", "Here we show that ALG-3 transfected 3DO cells express a COOH-terminal PS2 polypeptide. ", "Overexpression of PS2 in ALG-3 transfected 3DO cells reconstitutes sensitivity to receptor-induced cell death, suggesting that the artificial PS2 polypeptide functions as a dominant negative mutant of PS2. ", "ALG-3 and antisense PS2 protect PC12 cells from glutamate-induced apoptosis but not from death induced by hydrogen peroxide or the free radical MPP+. ", "Thus, the PS2 gene is required for some forms of cell death in diverse cell types, and its function is opposed by ALG-3." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

[ 0.0007852108683437109, 0.0007823469350114465, 0.000945519539527595, 0.001013616449199617, 0.0010226770536974072, 0.0012169488472864032, 0.0008508368628099561 ]

[ "/*\n * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more\n * contributor license agreements. ", " See the NOTICE file distributed with\n * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.", "\n * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0\n * (the \"License\"); you may not use this file except in compliance with\n * the License. ", " You may obtain a copy of the License at\n *\n * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n *\n * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.", "\n * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n * limitations under the License.", "\n */\npackage org.apache.lucene.store;\n\n\nimport java.io.", "IOException;\nimport java.util.", "Map;\nimport java.util.", "Set;\n\nimport org.apache.lucene.util.", "BitUtil;\nimport org.apache.lucene.util.", "BytesRef;\n\n/**\n * Abstract base class for performing write operations of Lucene's low-level\n * data types.", "\n \n * <p>{@code DataOutput} may only be used from one thread, because it is not\n * thread safe (it keeps internal state like file position).", "\n */\npublic abstract class DataOutput {\n\n /** Writes a single byte.", "\n * <p>\n * The most primitive data type is an eight-bit byte. ", "Files are \n * accessed as sequences of bytes. ", "All other data types are defined \n * as sequences of bytes, so file formats are byte-order independent.", "\n * \n * @see IndexInput#readByte()\n */\n public abstract void writeByte(byte b) throws IOException;\n\n /** Writes an array of bytes.", "\n * @param b the bytes to write\n * @param length the number of bytes to write\n * @see DataInput#readBytes(byte[],int,int)\n */\n public void writeBytes(byte[] b, int length) throws IOException {\n writeBytes(b, 0, length);\n }\n\n /** Writes an array of bytes.", "\n * @param b the bytes to write\n * @param offset the offset in the byte array\n * @param length the number of bytes to write\n * @see DataInput#readBytes(byte[],int,int)\n */\n public abstract void writeBytes(byte[] b, int offset, int length) throws IOException;\n\n /** Writes an int as four bytes.", "\n * <p>\n * 32-bit unsigned integer written as four bytes, high-order bytes first.", "\n * \n * @see DataInput#readInt()\n */\n public void writeInt(int i) throws IOException {\n writeByte((byte)(i >> 24));\n writeByte((byte)(i >> 16));\n writeByte((byte)(i >> 8));\n writeByte((byte) i);\n }\n \n /** Writes a short as two bytes.", "\n * @see DataInput#readShort()\n */\n public void writeShort(short i) throws IOException {\n writeByte((byte)(i >> 8));\n writeByte((byte) i);\n }\n\n /** Writes an int in a variable-length format. ", " Writes between one and\n * five bytes. ", " Smaller values take fewer bytes. ", " Negative numbers are\n * supported, but should be avoided.", "\n * <p>VByte is a variable-length format for positive integers is defined where the\n * high-order bit of each byte indicates whether more bytes remain to be read. ", "The\n * low-order seven bits are appended as increasingly more significant bits in the\n * resulting integer value. ", "Thus values from zero to 127 may be stored in a single\n * byte, values from 128 to 16,383 may be stored in two bytes, and so on.</p>\n * <p>VByte Encoding Example</p>\n * <table class=\"padding2\" style=\"border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; border: 0\">\n * <caption>variable length encoding examples</caption>\n * <tr valign=\"top\">\n * <th style=\"text-align:left\">Value</th>\n * <th style=\"text-align:left\">Byte 1</th>\n * <th style=\"text-align:left\">Byte 2</th>\n * <th style=\"text-align:left\">Byte 3</th>\n * </tr>\n * <tr valign=\"bottom\">\n * <td>0</td>\n * <td><code>00000000</code></td>\n * <td></td>\n * <td></td>\n * </tr>\n * <tr valign=\"bottom\">\n * <td>1</td>\n * <td><code>00000001</code></td>\n * <td></td>\n * <td></td>\n * </tr>\n * <tr valign=\"bottom\">\n * <td>2</td>\n * <td><code>00000010</code></td>\n * <td></td>\n * <td></td>\n * </tr>\n * <tr>\n * <td valign=\"top\">...</td>\n * <td valign=\"bottom\"></td>\n * <td valign=\"bottom\"></td>\n * <td valign=\"bottom\"></td>\n * </tr>\n * <tr valign=\"bottom\">\n * <td>127</td>\n * <td><code>01111111</code></td>\n * <td></td>\n * <td></td>\n * </tr>\n * <tr valign=\"bottom\">\n * <td>128</td>\n * <td><code>10000000</code></td>\n * <td><code>00000001</code></td>\n * <td></td>\n * </tr>\n * <tr valign=\"bottom\">\n * <td>129</td>\n * <td><code>10000001</code></td>\n * <td><code>00000001</code></td>\n * <td></td>\n * </tr>\n * <tr valign=\"bottom\">\n * <td>130</td>\n * <td><code>10000010</code></td>\n * <td><code>00000001</code></td>\n * <td></td>\n * </tr>\n * <tr>\n * <td valign=\"top\">...</td>\n * <td></td>\n * <td></td>\n * <td></td>\n * </tr>\n * <tr valign=\"bottom\">\n * <td>16,383</td>\n * <td><code>11111111</code></td>\n * <td><code>01111111</code></td>\n * <td></td>\n * </tr>\n * <tr valign=\"bottom\">\n * <td>16,384</td>\n * <td><code>10000000</code></td>\n * <td><code>10000000</code></td>\n * <td><code>00000001</code></td>\n * </tr>\n * <tr valign=\"bottom\">\n * <td>16,385</td>\n * <td><code>10000001</code></td>\n * <td><code>10000000</code></td>\n * <td><code>00000001</code></td>\n * </tr>\n * <tr>\n * <td valign=\"top\">...</td>\n * <td valign=\"bottom\"></td>\n * <td valign=\"bottom\"></td>\n * <td valign=\"bottom\"></td>\n * </tr>\n * </table>\n * <p>This provides compression while still being efficient to decode.</p>\n * \n * @param i Smaller values take fewer bytes. ", " Negative numbers are\n * supported, but should be avoided.", "\n * @throws IOException If there is an I/O error writing to the underlying medium.", "\n * @see DataInput#readVInt()\n */\n public final void writeVInt(int i) throws IOException {\n while ((i & ~0x7F) !", "= 0) {\n writeByte((byte)((i & 0x7F) | 0x80));\n i >>>= 7;\n }\n writeByte((byte)i);\n }\n\n /**\n * Write a {@link BitUtil#zigZagEncode(int) zig-zag}-encoded\n * {@link #writeVInt(int) variable-length} integer. ", "This is typically useful\n * to write small signed ints and is equivalent to calling\n * <code>writeVInt(BitUtil.zigZagEncode(i))</code>.", "\n * @see DataInput#readZInt()\n */\n public final void writeZInt(int i) throws IOException {\n writeVInt(BitUtil.zigZagEncode(i));\n }\n\n /** Writes a long as eight bytes.", "\n * <p>\n * 64-bit unsigned integer written as eight bytes, high-order bytes first.", "\n * \n * @see DataInput#readLong()\n */\n public void writeLong(long i) throws IOException {\n writeInt((int) (i >> 32));\n writeInt((int) i);\n }\n\n /** Writes an long in a variable-length format. ", " Writes between one and nine\n * bytes. ", " Smaller values take fewer bytes. ", " Negative numbers are not\n * supported.", "\n * <p>\n * The format is described further in {@link DataOutput#writeVInt(int)}.", "\n * @see DataInput#readVLong()\n */\n public final void writeVLong(long i) throws IOException {\n if (i < 0) {\n throw new IllegalArgumentException(\"cannot write negative vLong (got: \" + i + \")\");\n }\n writeSignedVLong(i);\n }\n\n // write a potentially negative vLong\n private void writeSignedVLong(long i) throws IOException {\n while ((i & ~0x7FL) !", "= 0L) {\n writeByte((byte)((i & 0x7FL) | 0x80L));\n i >>>= 7;\n }\n writeByte((byte)i);\n }\n\n /**\n * Write a {@link BitUtil#zigZagEncode(long) zig-zag}-encoded\n * {@link #writeVLong(long) variable-length} long. ", "Writes between one and ten\n * bytes. ", "This is typically useful to write small signed ints.", "\n * @see DataInput#readZLong()\n */\n public final void writeZLong(long i) throws IOException {\n writeSignedVLong(BitUtil.zigZagEncode(i));\n }\n\n /** Writes a string.", "\n * <p>\n * Writes strings as UTF-8 encoded bytes. ", "First the length, in bytes, is\n * written as a {@link #writeVInt VInt}, followed by the bytes.", "\n * \n * @see DataInput#readString()\n */\n public void writeString(String s) throws IOException {\n final BytesRef utf8Result = new BytesRef(s);\n writeVInt(utf8Result.length);\n writeBytes(utf8Result.bytes, utf8Result.offset, utf8Result.length);\n }\n\n private static int COPY_BUFFER_SIZE = 16384;\n private byte[] copyBuffer;\n\n /** Copy numBytes bytes from input to ourself. */", "\n public void copyBytes(DataInput input, long numBytes) throws IOException {\n assert numBytes >= 0: \"numBytes=\" + numBytes;\n long left = numBytes;\n if (copyBuffer == null)\n copyBuffer = new byte[COPY_BUFFER_SIZE];\n while(left > 0) {\n final int toCopy;\n if (left > COPY_BUFFER_SIZE)\n toCopy = COPY_BUFFER_SIZE;\n else\n toCopy = (int) left;\n input.readBytes(copyBuffer, 0, toCopy);\n writeBytes(copyBuffer, 0, toCopy);\n left -= toCopy;\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * Writes a String map.", "\n * <p>\n * First the size is written as an {@link #writeVInt(int) vInt},\n * followed by each key-value pair written as two consecutive \n * {@link #writeString(String) String}s.", "\n * \n * @param map Input map.", "\n * @throws NullPointerException if {@code map} is null.", "\n */\n public void writeMapOfStrings(Map<String,String> map) throws IOException {\n writeVInt(map.size());\n for (Map.", "Entry<String, String> entry : map.entrySet()) {\n writeString(entry.getKey());\n writeString(entry.getValue());\n }\n }\n \n /**\n * Writes a String set.", "\n * <p>\n * First the size is written as an {@link #writeVInt(int) vInt},\n * followed by each value written as a\n * {@link #writeString(String) String}.", "\n * \n * @param set Input set.", "\n * @throws NullPointerException if {@code set} is null.", "\n */\n public void writeSetOfStrings(Set<String> set) throws IOException {\n writeVInt(set.size());\n for (String value : set) {\n writeString(value);\n }\n }\n}\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

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[ "// Copyright 2011 The Go Authors. ", "All rights reserved.", "\n// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style\n// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.", "\n\n// +build dragonfly freebsd linux openbsd netbsd\n\npackage x509\n\nimport \"io/ioutil\"\n\n// Possible certificate files; stop after finding one.", "\nvar certFiles = []string{\n\t\"/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt\", // Debian/Ubuntu/Gentoo etc.", "\n\t\"/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt\", // Fedora/RHEL\n\t\"/etc/ssl/ca-bundle.pem\", // OpenSUSE\n\t\"/etc/ssl/cert.pem\", // OpenBSD\n\t\"/usr/local/share/certs/ca-root-nss.crt\", // FreeBSD/DragonFly\n}\n\nfunc (c *Certificate) systemVerify(opts *VerifyOptions) (chains [][]*Certificate, err error) {\n\treturn nil, nil\n}\n\nfunc initSystemRoots() {\n\troots := NewCertPool()\n\tfor _, file := range certFiles {\n\t\tdata, err := ioutil.", "ReadFile(file)\n\t\tif err == nil {\n\t\t\troots.", "AppendCertsFromPEM(data)\n\t\t\tsystemRoots = roots\n\t\t\treturn\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\n\t// All of the files failed to load. ", "systemRoots will be nil which will\n\t// trigger a specific error at verification time.", "\n}\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

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[ "OM as made it clear he stands with the European Union, Merkel and Macron and has kept his promise to reverse Salvini’s immigration stance, which empowered Italy to refuse NGO human trafficking vessels to enter their seaports. ", "The number of migrants arriving on the Italian shores in September of 2019 is more than twice the number that arrived in September of 2018." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

[ 0.0007421972695738077, 0.0005610676016658545 ]

[ "1. ", "Introduction {#sec1-geriatrics-03-00019}\n===============\n\nAccording to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), older adults are expected to make up at least 20% of the United States population by 2050 \\[[@B1-geriatrics-03-00019]\\]. ", "In 2014, 79% of Americans 70 and older were licensed drivers, up from 55% in 1983 \\[[@B2-geriatrics-03-00019]\\]. ", "However, for many of these individuals, there will be a time when they stop driving permanently, for a variety of reasons. ", "In addition to decrements in physical health (e.g., visual acuity) and cognition that impair one's ability to safely operate a motor vehicle \\[[@B3-geriatrics-03-00019]\\], former drivers also consider licensing problems and costs of owning an automobile \\[[@B4-geriatrics-03-00019]\\]. ", "In the United States, more than half a million people annually transition from driving to being a nondriver \\[[@B5-geriatrics-03-00019]\\]. ", "Yet, most communities around the country are ill-equipped to handle such a high transition rate. ", "This is especially true in rural and suburban areas, where most older adults live \\[[@B6-geriatrics-03-00019]\\].", "\n\nOlder adults outlive their driving lives by several years. ", "On average, men live an additional six years after driving cessation, women a full decade \\[[@B5-geriatrics-03-00019]\\]. ", "Unfortunately, alternatives to driving oneself often do not offset the loss of independence, choice, or identity associated with driving. ", "During these years, former drivers may be dependent on loved ones and/or their communities' transportation resources to meet their mobility needs, while others simply leave their house less often and take fewer trips compared to current drivers \\[[@B7-geriatrics-03-00019]\\].", "\n\nIn addition, there are well-established negative health, social, and financial costs borne by older adults who stop driving. ", "Burkhardt \\[[@B8-geriatrics-03-00019]\\] describes the monetary, social, psychological, and emotional impact of being a former driver. ", "Driving cessation is also associated with higher risk of nursing home placement \\[[@B9-geriatrics-03-00019]\\] and earlier mortality \\[[@B10-geriatrics-03-00019]\\].", "\n\nThese increasing burdens may be unnecessarily magnified, however, by a lack of preparation for a time when they will no longer be driving. ", "In fact, qualitative research on driving reduction and cessation suggest that the majority of older adults do not think about or actively prepare for a nondriving future \\[[@B11-geriatrics-03-00019],[@B12-geriatrics-03-00019]\\]. ", "This lack of preparation, not just the outcomes, may be the reason that many former drivers describe their driving retirement as sudden and upsetting life change \\[[@B11-geriatrics-03-00019]\\].", "\n\nDespite the reality that hundreds of thousands of older Americans stop driving every year, we do not currently know how older drivers prepare or consider a nondriving future, or how planning affects the individual health and social outcomes associated with driving cessation. ", "We also do not know when people start planning, i.e., when they are middle-aged (50--64) or older adults (65+). ", "Unlike planning for retirement or financial wellbeing in later life, mobility planning is not institutionalized as part of a job or phase of life. ", "As a result, little is known about how people think about or prepare for a future when they are no longer driving.", "\n\nThe following quantitative descriptive research study aimed to fill these knowledge gaps by achieving five aims. ", "Aim 1:To quantitatively measure planning for future transportation needs among middle-aged and older drivers.", "Aim 2:To examine the ways (behaviors) in which drivers seek and utilize information about safe driving and transportation alternatives.", "Aim 3:To explore beliefs held by drivers about how useful planning for a nondriving future is and in what ways planning could benefit them.", "Aim 4:To measure if drivers intend to do additional planning for their future mobility needs.", "Aim 5:To compare individual characteristics and group differences in planning among subgroups (age, self-reported health, gender, race, employment status, and relationship status) to identify correlates and patterns of planning for future transportation needs.", "\n\n2. ", "Materials and Methods {#sec2-geriatrics-03-00019}\n========================\n\n2.1. ", "Recruitment {#sec2dot1-geriatrics-03-00019}\n----------------\n\nParticipants for this study were drawn from two volunteer registries, one through the Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (University of Michigan Geriatrics Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) and the other the Healthier Black Elders Center (Wayne State University/Michigan Center for Urban African American Aging Research; MCUAAAR, Ann Arbor, MI, USA). ", "Since driving status was not a screening question for either registry, the sole inclusion criterion was age-based (55--84), in order to capture the planning behaviors and expectations of drivers both before, and during, the driving reduction and cessation process. ", "Most drivers are still driving at age 55 with little to no restrictions, while most 84-year-olds have had to actively reduce or adapt their driving in response to physical, cognitive, and social changes. ", "Together, there were 2210 age-eligible volunteers between the two registries. ", "Participants from the Pepper Center registry were largely White, whereas almost all those in the MCUAAAR list were Black. ", "After screening for age (55--84), the registries provided names and contact information for 1322 potential respondents (185 Pepper Center, 1137 MCUAAAR). ", "Since potential participants were being sent questionnaire packets without prior contact, a \\$2 bill was included as a pre-incentive, with a \\$20 post-incentive gift card sent to people who returned a completed survey.", "\n\nWith 874 surveys completed and returned, the overall response rate was 67.8%, after the denominator adjusted for 33 invalid addresses that resulted in survey packets returned to sender without being opened (1322 − 33 = 1289). ", "Of the 1,104 potential MCUAAAR participants, the response rate was 56.5% (*n* = 689). ", "From the Pepper Center registry, *n* = 174 respondents returned surveys, or 94.1%. ", "Two respondents returned their surveys completed, but with the identification number removed, leaving their registry origin unknown.", "\n\nIn order to be eligible for inclusion in the analyses below, respondents had to be currently able to drive, as well as a recent driver (in the past 30 days). ", "Nearly 80% (*n* = 689) of the total sample (*n* = 872) reported being currently able to drive. ", "Of respondents who were able to drive, 624 had also driven recently, resulting in a final analytical sample representing 71.6% of the original respondents. ", "Nearly 70% of MCUAAAR respondents were included (*n* = 480/689), and 82.2% of Pepper Center respondents (*n* = 143/174). ", "One respondent was of unknown registry origin. ", "It is unclear why there was a difference in the response rates between participants in the two registries.", "\n\n2.2. ", "Instrument {#sec2dot2-geriatrics-03-00019}\n---------------\n\nThe 18 page, paper and pencil survey covered seven topics, including respondents' current transportation use; driving history, experiences, and planning; functional health; and demographic characteristics (supplementary). ", "The topics and items were identified from qualitative interviews with older adults (drivers and nondrivers), as well as expert stakeholders in positions or fields relevant to older adults, e.g., geriatrician, police officer, elder law attorney, and adult child of an older driver. ", "The present analysis focuses exclusively on two sections, which measured respondents' past, current, and future planning for their future transportation needs, as well as current driving context and perceived susceptibility to driving cessation, i.e., level of difficulty believing they may become a nondriver in the future.", "\n\n2.3. ", "Measurement {#sec2dot3-geriatrics-03-00019}\n----------------\n\n### 2.3.1. ", "Planning Variables {#sec2dot3dot1-geriatrics-03-00019}\n\nThe survey instrument contained several questions designed to capture the different dimensions of planning for future mobility needs ([Table 1](#geriatrics-03-00019-t001){ref-type=\"table\"}). ", "These included two items to measure self-reported overall planning level for future transportation needs; a global measure, and one specific to a nondriving future. ", "To identify specific behaviors that underlie the concept of planning, respondents also reported how much they had thought about a future when they had reduced or stopped driving completely (thinking); common sources of information (i.e., family and friends, events, or literature) where drivers most frequently learn about the realities and resources of driving in later life (information gathering); and tangible steps respondents take in planning, such as sharing plans with others, writing them down, developing and practicing plans (concrete action).", "\n\nThe survey also measured respondents' planning beliefs, i.e., the perceived benefits of planning for their future mobility, as well as their intention to do more planning around transportation transitions in the future. ", "Planning beliefs were separated into logistical and emotional. ", "The final variable for the following analyses asked if respondents intended to plan more in the future, regardless of how much they had planned previously.", "\n\nResponse options for most planning items were 5-point Likert scales numbered ascendingly, 0--4, with only the two endpoints anchored by labels (i.e., 0---None/4---All, 0---Not at All/4---A Lot, 0---Not at All/4---Very). ", "The exceptions were Concrete Action items, which ranged from 0 to 3, with each point accompanied by a text anchor (None, A Little, Some, or A Lot).", "\n\nGiven skewed distribution, the primary outcome, level of nondriving planning, was collapsed into three levels: none (0), low (1--2), and high (3--4).", "\n\n### 2.3.2. ", "Driving Context Variables {#sec2dot3dot2-geriatrics-03-00019}\n\nGiven the age range of the sample, it was important to measure specific experiences that may motivate thinking or planning for a nondriving future. ", "Driving fewer days per week, limiting driving geographically, events that made them question their driving skills, and not having a car available when needed, may sensitize middle-aged and older drivers to the reality and challenges of a more imminent nondriving future, thus increasing their planning. ", "Conversely, having difficulty imagining a future where one has ceased driving may be a way to distance oneself from the possibility of driving cessation, which may cause current drivers to avoid the topic of future driving cessation, much less plan for it.", "\n\nRespondents were asked about their current driving behaviors, specifically driving frequency (average days/week they drove over the past year), if they currently limited their driving to nearby places (yes/no), and whether they had access to a car when they needed one (yes/no). ", "The number of years respondents expect to continue driving was also documented, as well as events in the past year that made respondents consider changing their driving, (e.g., car accident/collision, health issue, or conversation with others about their driving). ", "Fifteen drivers reported unrealistic expectations about how many years they expected to continue driving (80--99 more years of driving), so a maximum value of 50 years of expected driving life remaining was imposed given the age range of participants to adjust for the *n* = 15 drivers who reported unrealistic expectations (80--99 more years of driving). ", "An additional item assessed how much difficulty respondents experienced believing they would become a nondriver someday (Not at All (0)--A Lot (4)).", "\n\n### 2.3.3. ", "Contextual/Demographic Variables {#sec2dot3dot3-geriatrics-03-00019}\n\nIndividual-level demographic information included current age (years); race (self-identification as Black, White, and/or other); gender (male/female); education (less than high school, high school, some college, college graduate, some graduate/professional school, master's/professional degree, or doctorate); self-reported health (excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor); employment (working, not working, and retired); and relationship status (single/never married, married/domestic partnership, divorced/separated, or widowed, collapsed into partnered (married/domestic partnership) or not (single/never married, divorced/separated, or widowed).", "\n\nMeasured at the household level were two additional variables, annual household income and urbanicity. ", "Income was collected through seven ordinal categories: less than \\$10,000; \\$10,000 to \\$14,999; \\$15,000 to \\$24,999; \\$25,000 to \\$49,999; \\$50,000 to \\$99,999; \\$100,000 to \\$149,999; \\$150,000 to above. ", "Urbanicity, or the density of the areas in which participants live, was self-reported as urban (city), suburban, or rural.", "\n\n2.4. ", "Analytical Approach {#sec2dot4-geriatrics-03-00019}\n------------------------\n\nWe used univariate analyses to determine frequencies, distributions, and types of mobility planning, as well as the direction and strength of the relationship. ", "In addition to reporting the interval-level responses, we also collapsed the planning measures into three levels: none (0), low (1--2), or high (3--4), to compare different levels of planning among subgroups. ", "We used bivariate analyses to test for statistically significant differences in planning (none/low/high) between subgroups, i.e., chi-square tests of difference by gender (male/female), race (White/Black), relationship status (partnered/not partnered), working status (working/not working), health (poor--fair/very good--excellent) and age groups (middle-aged, 53--64, compared to older, 65+ drivers); *t*-tests to compare planning groups by averages of continuous measures (age, driving frequency, number years expected to continue driving, and difficulty believing they could become a nondriver).", "\n\nTotals for individual items do not all equal full sample size (*n* = 624) due to missing data. ", "Valid percentages are reported. ", "Missing data were excluded pairwise. ", "Estimates with *p* ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. ", "Analyses were performed using SPSS version 24 (Chicago, IL, USA).", "\n\n2.5. ", "Ethical Considerations {#sec2dot5-geriatrics-03-00019}\n---------------------------\n\nThis study was reviewed and granted exempt status approval (HUM00097845) by the University of Michigan Health Sciences and Behavioral Sciences Institutional Review Board (IRB-HSBS) prior to commencing recruitment and data collection. ", "The lead author also answered a series of questions concerning the applicability, appropriateness, and participant protection of this study in order to gain approval of the community advisory board (CAB) before being allowed access to the MCUAAAR/HBEC registry.", "\n\n3. ", "Results {#sec3-geriatrics-03-00019}\n==========\n\n3.1. ", "Sample Description {#sec3dot1-geriatrics-03-00019}\n-----------------------\n\nRespondents (*n* = 624) ranged in age from 53 to 92 years old, averaging 72.0 ± 7.1 years ([Table 2](#geriatrics-03-00019-t002){ref-type=\"table\"}). ", "Most respondents were older drivers, 65 or older (*n* = 507, 81.3%), with the 16.5% (*n* = 103) younger than 65 categorized as middle-aged drivers. ", "Four respondents were outside the original age range, with two younger than 55 and two above 84 years, possibly due to registry errors in birth dates or individuals other than the intended respondents completing and returning the surveys.", "\n\nOverall, the sample was primarily Black (73.9%, *n* = 461) and female (83.1%, *n* = 497). ", "A third of respondents were currently married or in a domestic partnership (36.4%, *n* = 221). ", "On average, the sample was fairly healthy and educated, with nearly half in either Very Good or Excellent health (48.1%, *n* = 296), and college graduates (48.4%, *n* = 416). ", "Over three-quarters were retired (79%, *n* = 490); only 15% (*n* = 93) were employed. ", "Annual household incomes were mostly under \\$50,000: 40.4% (*n* = 231) made between \\$25,000 and \\$49,999, 17.3% (*n* = 99) between \\$15,000--\\$24,999, and 11.0% (*n* = 63) less than \\$15,000.", "\n\nThe majority of respondents were located in urban environments (66.3%, *n* = 400), compared to a quarter of the sample in suburbs (*n* = 169; [Table 2](#geriatrics-03-00019-t002){ref-type=\"table\"}). ", "There was a strong overlap between race and urbanicity as a result of the two volunteer registries from which respondents were recruited, with 78.4% (*n* = 349) of Black participants living in urban environments, compared to just 27.2% (*n* = 36) of White participants. ", "White participants were more likely to live in suburban areas (53.5%, *n* = 71) than Black participants (38.0%, *n* = 169).", "\n\n3.2. ", "Driving Context {#sec3dot2-geriatrics-03-00019}\n--------------------\n\nDrivers in this sample drove frequently, averaging 5.5 days per week. ", "The vast majority of the sample had a car available when they needed one (98.4%, *n* = 612). ", "Just under a quarter reported limiting their driving to nearby places (22.3%, *n* = 138). ", "Driving participants ranged widely on how difficult they found believing they could someday be nondrivers. ", "Overall, three-quarters of the drivers had difficulty with the concept (74.2%, *n* = 457), averaging 2.1 ± 1.6 on the 0 (Not at All Difficult)--4 (Very Difficult) range.", "\n\nIn terms of perceived immediacy of a nondriving future, respondents expected to continue driving on average 14.8 ± 8.3 years. ", "One in five (*n* = 94) expected to stop within the next decade. ", "Nearly 15% of drivers (*n* = 68) reported that they expected to drive for 20 years or more. ", "In the past year, 16.1% (*n* = 97) of respondents had experienced at least one health or driving-related event that made them consider changing their driving.", "\n\n3.3. ", "Planning Results {#sec3dot3-geriatrics-03-00019}\n---------------------\n\n### 3.3.1. ", "Aim 1: Current Levels of Planning {#sec3dot3dot1-geriatrics-03-00019}\n\nOverall, drivers in this sample had done very little planning for their future transportation needs ([Table 3](#geriatrics-03-00019-t003){ref-type=\"table\"}). ", "Over half of the sample reported they had not planned at all for their general future transportation needs (57.2%, *n* = 345), nor for a possible nondriving future (57.9%, *n* = 361). ", "In addition, only 10.9% (*n* = 66) reported having high levels of planning for their future transportation needs generally. ", "The proportion was even smaller for planning for a nondriving future specifically, with 7.7% (*n* = 48) of respondents endorsing one of the two highest planning levels.", "\n\n### 3.3.2. ", "Aim 2: Specific Planning Behaviors {#sec3dot3dot2-geriatrics-03-00019}\n\nA large group of drivers had not thought about a future where they reduced (30.8%) or stopped driving (41.5%; [Table 4](#geriatrics-03-00019-t004){ref-type=\"table\"}). ", "However, nearly a quarter of respondents reported high levels (3--4) of planning for a future with less driving (*n* = 149), compared to only 15% who planned the same amount for a future with no driving (*n* = 96).", "\n\nIn this sample, few drivers sought out information or opportunities to discuss their current driving safety or ways to remain mobile if (or when) they stop driving permanently ([Table 4](#geriatrics-03-00019-t004){ref-type=\"table\"}). ", "Slightly more than half of respondents (52.3%, *n* = 322) had read about safe driving for older adults in magazines, brochures, guides, or other sources. ", "Fewer had talked to friends or others to get ideas for their nondriving futures (41.6%, *n* = 218), and only 35.3% (*n* = 218) had attended meetings, lectures, or classes to learn information about aging and driving.", "\n\nThe levels of active planning behaviors corresponded with little planning overall. ", "Most drivers reported doing none of the four concrete actions. ", "Sharing plans was the most common planning action among respondents, with 38% (*n* = 182) having told others about their transportation plans. ", "Only 30% learned about the routes, schedules and other logistical details of getting rides with others or on public transportation. ", "That is twice the number of respondents who wrote their plans down (15.2%, *n* = 93), and a third more than those who practiced their plans (19.1%, *n* = 117).", "\n\n### 3.3.3. ", "Aim 3: Planning Beliefs {#sec3dot3dot3-geriatrics-03-00019}\n\nDespite having low levels of planning, middle-aged and older drivers believed there were benefits to planning for their transportation future ([Table 5](#geriatrics-03-00019-t005){ref-type=\"table\"}). ", "More than 80% of respondents reported that thinking now about a time when they were no longer driving would help them to meet their future transportation needs, as well as transition emotionally to being a nondriver. ", "One in five drivers believed they would benefit \"a lot,\" the highest level, for both.", "\n\n### 3.3.4. ", "Aim 4: Intention to Plan {#sec3dot3dot4-geriatrics-03-00019}\n\nCorrespondingly, 85% of the sample reported that they intended to do more mobility planning in the future. ", "A third of respondents projected planning at a midpoint between no planning and a lot of planning (33.4%, *n* = 205). ", "About 15% of the sample were on either end of the scale, intending to plan no more (14.8%, *n* = 91), or a lot more (15.3%, *n* = 94).", "\n\n### 3.3.5. ", "Aim 5: Subgroup Differences in Planning {#sec3dot3dot5-geriatrics-03-00019}\n\n#### Demographic Comparisons\n\nDrivers who had planned for a nondriving future were slightly, albeit significantly, older on average than non-planners (*t*(608) = −2.4, *p* = 0.02; [Table 6](#geriatrics-03-00019-t006){ref-type=\"table\"}). ", "Non-planners were statistically significantly more likely to be employed full- or part-time than planners (*X*^2^ (1, *n* = 624) = 5.39, *p* = 0.02). ", "Drivers who reported being in poor or fair health were marginally more likely to have planned for a nondriving future when compared to those in very good or excellent health (*X*^2^ (1, *n* = 379) = 3.38, *p* = 0.07). ", "There were no statistically significant differences in whether or not drivers had planned for a nondriving future (yes/no) based on age group (middle-aged or older drivers; *X*^2^ (1, *n* = 610) = 1.4, *p* = 0.24); gender (*X*^2^ (1, *n* = 595) = 1.1, *p* = 0.30), race (Black/White; *X*^2^ (1, *n* = 594) = 2.0, *p* = 0.16); or relationship status (partnered/not partnered; *X*^2^ (1, *n* = 607) = 3.1, *p* = 0.08).", "\n\nThe majority of respondents who had planned for a nondriving future were categorized as low-level planners (81.7%; [Table 6](#geriatrics-03-00019-t006){ref-type=\"table\"}). ", "Among planners, a higher proportion of Black drivers reported high levels of planning (3--4) compared to White drivers (*X*^2^ (1, *n* = 610) = 4.6, *p* = 0.03). ", "There was not a significant difference in mean age between high and low planners (*t*(255) = 0.99, *p* = 0.32), nor between age groups (*X*^2^ (1, *n* = 257) = 0.00, *p* = 0.98); gender (*X*^2^ (1, *n* = 253) = 1.3, *p* = 0.25); relationship status (*X*^2^ (1, *n* = 259) = 2.44, *p* = 0.12); employment status (*X*^2^ (1, *n* = 263) = 0.02, *p* = 0.88); or dichotomized health status (*X*^2^ (1, *n* = 154) = 0.76, *p* = 0.39).", "\n\n#### Driving Context Comparisons\n\nPlanners averaged significantly fewer driving days per week in the past year compared to drivers who had not planned at all (*t*(609) = 2.2, *p* = 0.03), and were significantly less likely to drive daily (*X*^2^ (1, *n* = 603) = 5.2, *p* = 0.02; [Table 7](#geriatrics-03-00019-t007){ref-type=\"table\"}). ", "Similarly, respondents were more likely to plan if they limited their driving to nearby places (52.2% vs. 39.3%; *X*^2^ (1, *n* = 619) = 7.3, *p* = 0.01). ", "No differences in planning were found based on car availability (*X*^2^ (1, *n* = 622) = 0.02, *p* = 0.89).", "\n\nCompared to planners, respondents who had not planned at all for a nondriving future had significantly more difficulty believing they would become a nondriver in the future, averaging 2.3 ± 1.6 vs. 2.0 ± 1.5 on the Not at All Difficult (0) to Very Difficult (4) scale (*t*(614) = 2.4, *p* = 0.02; [Table 7](#geriatrics-03-00019-t007){ref-type=\"table\"}). ", "This is likely related to perceived nearness of driving cessation: planners expected to stop driving in the next 13.3 ± 8.0 years on average, compared to 15.9 ± 8.4 years for non-planners (*t*(469) = 3.5, *p* \\> 0.01). ", "In the past year, over half (55.1%) of planners had experienced an event that made them consider changing their driving, significantly more than the 39.9% reported by non-planners (*X*^2^ (1, *n* = 601) = 4.6, *p* = 0.03).", "\n\nPlanners who limit their driving to nearby places are significantly more likely to report high levels of planning compared to those who do not limit (*X*^2^ (1, *n* = 261) = 4.2, *p* = 0.04; [Table 7](#geriatrics-03-00019-t007){ref-type=\"table\"}). ", "Levels of planning (high/low) did not differ among planners by number of driving days (*t*(256) = 0.1, *p* = 0.90), if they drive daily (*X*^2^ (1, *n* = 253) = 0.00, *p* = 1.0), or by car availability (*X*^2^ (1, *n* = 262) = 0.1, *p* = 0.73), although there were few respondents (*n* = 4) who did not have a car available between both groups. ", "In addition, high- and low-level planners did not differ in how much difficulty they had believing they would be a nondriver one day (*t*(258) = 0.9, *p* = 0.35), how many years they expected to continue driving (*t*(197) = 0.8, *p* = 0.46), or experiencing events that made them consider changing their driving (*X*^2^ (1, *n* = 251) = 1.3, *p* = 0.25).", "\n\n#### Planning Beliefs Comparisons\n\nIn this sample, drivers who planned endorsed stronger beliefs about how planning now would benefit them in a nondriving future. ", "On a scale of 0 (Not at All) to 4 (A Lot), planners averaged significantly greater belief that planning would help them meet their post-cessation transportation needs compared to non-planners (2.4 ± 1.1 vs. 2.0 ± 1.5; *t*(611) = −3.5, *p* \\> 0.01). ", "Similarly, planners also reported that their actions have a greater impact on easing the emotional transition to nondriver relative to non-planners (2.3 ± 1.1 vs. 2.0 ± 1.5; *t*(609) = −3.2, *p* \\> 0.01). ", "Among planners, greater beliefs in the practical benefits of preparation were associated with high levels for a nondriving future (2.8 ± 1.1 vs. 2.3 ± 1.1; *t*(256) = −2.8, *p* \\< 0.01). ", "However, there were no differences in beliefs about emotional benefits of planning between high- and low-level planners (*t*(258) = −1.1, *p* = 0.29).", "\n\n4. ", "Discussion {#sec4-geriatrics-03-00019}\n=============\n\nOverall, we found that planning for driving cessation among a sample of drivers aged 53--92 years was low across multiple domains. ", "Drivers were unlikely to gather information about older driver safety, to explore the community resources available to them, or to think about a nondriving future. ", "Additionally, it was notable that nearly a third of the sample found it difficult to believe they might become a nondriver. ", "Most reported that they had not even considered the possibility of a future where they drive less, or not at all.", "\n\nHowever, drivers' perceived nearness to driving cessation appears to impact planning levels. ", "In this sample, planning for a nondriving future was associated with several characteristics previously shown to predict driving cessation, including increased age, reduced driving frequency, limiting driving to nearby places, and health or driving-related events that drew attention to their driving abilities. ", "Planners had less difficulty believing they could become a nondriver someday, and in fact, expected to stop nearly three years sooner than drivers who had not planned at all. ", "Interestingly, demographic characteristics (i.e., gender and race) did not differ between planners and non-planners. ", "Taken together, these findings suggest that middle-aged and older drivers do not start to prepare for a nondriving future until that future feels relatively imminent for them personally.", "\n\nIf planning for nondriving futures is the most beneficial for those at the highest risk, our sample overrepresents those who would benefit the most from preparation. ", "Although male drivers are more resistant to driving cessation, women did not plan more for a nondriving future in the present study. ", "Similarly, previous research has shown that people of color stop driving earlier than men and White drivers \\[[@B13-geriatrics-03-00019],[@B14-geriatrics-03-00019]\\], however, Black drivers were not more likely to have planned either. ", "Furthermore, the majority of respondents lived in and around Detroit, an especially challenging city for nondrivers \\[[@B15-geriatrics-03-00019]\\]. ", "Unfortunately, even drivers in this sample appear somewhat lukewarm to the concept and nearly inactive in practice. ", "These findings suggest that the characteristics predictive of earlier driving cessation are not necessarily associated with whether or not a driver plans for a nondriving future.", "\n\nThere are several possible reasons that older adults may avoid the topic of driving cessation. ", "For example, research demonstrates that for some older adults, especially those with few transportation mobility limitations, the topic represents \"an unacceptable thought related to some distant future\" \\[[@B11-geriatrics-03-00019]\\] (p. 42). ", "Other research indicates that older adults in most parts of the United States perceive a lack of alternatives to driving oneself, and generally assume that they will rely on friends/family to take them places after cessation \\[[@B7-geriatrics-03-00019]\\].", "\n\nHowever, over 80% of respondents in this study believed that preparing for a nondriving future would improve their futures, both in terms of meeting their transportation needs and transitioning emotionally if they stopped driving. ", "Similarly, 85% reported that they intended to do more mobility planning in the future. ", "Previous research found that older drivers' general awareness of mobility limitations does not automatically translate into personal contemplation or action \\[[@B16-geriatrics-03-00019]\\]. ", "Leveraging planning beliefs that preparation can benefit them in the future may be one way to bridge this gap.", "\n\nFuture research is needed to comprehensively explore the concept and predictors of planning for future transportation needs among middle-aged and current. ", "Other directions include determining how preparation for a nondriving future effects the process of driving reduction and cessation. ", "Another crucial link is if planning translates into improved health, social, and community mobility outcomes among former drivers.", "\n\nAdditionally, identifying barriers to planning is crucial, as there are many logical but distinct reasons why current drivers might not think about or plan for a nondriving future. ", "Although drivers may see benefits to planning for a nondriving future, they may not believe that they will ever be in that position. ", "As such, planning is unnecessary, at best, and wasteful of precious time and energy, at worst. ", "A second potential explanation is that completing the survey acted as an intervention of sorts, cueing people to action on a topic they had not considered or cared about prior to participating. ", "In this scenario, raising consciousness about preparing for nondriving future may be a key to motivating people to plan by the simple implication that one has the ability to prepare for such a time. ", "A third possibility is that drivers avoid thinking or talking about any issue that invokes the specter of driving cessation, even if there may be benefits to doing so. ", "It is crucial to identify the barriers to planning, in order to effectively promote preparation. ", "Further qualitative and quantitative data collection is needed to address these remaining gaps.", "\n\nAs with any research, the present study has its limitations. ", "First, due to the recruitment approach, the respondents were not nationally representative; as such, the findings described herein are not necessarily generalizable to all middle-aged and older drivers in the United States. ", "A second limitation is the cross-sectional nature of the data, which limits our assessment of change in beliefs and behaviors over time. ", "Because of this, these data cannot tell us how (or if) beliefs and behaviors around transportation planning change among drivers over 50 as they get older, or if intention to plan leads to more planning.", "\n\nFinally, it is reasonable to question the measurement, given the novel items and very low averages of planning behaviors captured. ", "In other words, survey items may not have asked about the most relevant aspects of planning, or accurately described the ways middle-aged and older drivers are thinking about or preparing for a time when they are no longer driving. ", "However, the older driver literature is laden with reasons the topic and reality of driving cessation are uncomfortable, at best, and taboo at worst.", "\n\nHowever, the strengths of the data far outweigh these limitations. ", "There have been few previous studies that directly assess how much drivers prepare for mobility transitions; the topic is glanced upon in some qualitative work on older drivers and driving cessation. ", "This unique, novel dataset not only explores several facets of mobility planning among middle-aged and older drivers, it does so with a large sample. ", "These individuals were not only numerous, but primarily identified as Black, a valuable voice commonly missing outside of huge federal surveys.", "\n\nDespite the popular beliefs of a driving future replete with autonomous vehicles that might solve transportation challenges faced by older adults, the reality is that issues related to driving cessation (and the transportation disability it causes) are not going to be solved anytime soon. ", "For at least the next several decades, there will be a critical need and immense value in improving the process and outcomes of driving retirement. ", "Our results provide crucial insights regarding both the paucity of planning behaviors currently being undertaken by middle-aged and older drivers, and the strength of their beliefs that planning might be beneficial. ", "Understanding both the barriers and facilitating factors in planning can inform interventions that build on current drivers' beliefs about how planning can benefit them, thereby setting them up for improved outcomes when driving cessation does, in fact, occur.", "\n\nThis work was supported by University of Michigan Research Incentive funds (Brian J. Zikmund-Fisher), which covered the survey development, data collection and entry, and participant incentives for the project. ", "The MCUAAR volunteer registry was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health, 5P30 AG015281, and the Michigan Center for Urban African American Aging Research. ", "The University of Michigan Claude E. Pepper Center volunteer registry used for this supported by funding from P30 AG024824. ", "Ganesh M. Babulal was supported by R01-AG056466, R03-AG055482, AARFD-16-439140.", "\n\nThe following are available online at <http://www.mdpi.com/2308-3417/3/2/19/s1>, Table S1: Survey about Transportation.", "\n\n###### \n\nClick here for additional data file.", "\n\nAnnie C. Harmon and Brian J. Zikmund-Fisher conceived and designed the survey instrument, and carried out the data collection; Annie C. Harmon analyzed the data; Annie C. Harmon, Ganesh Babulal, Jonathon M. Vivoda, and David B. Carr wrote the paper and Brian J. Zikmund-Fisher provided critical revisions.", "\n\nThe authors declare no conflict of interest.", "\n\ngeriatrics-03-00019-t001_Table 1\n\n###### \n\nPlanning-Related Measures.", "\n\n Category Survey Items\n --------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n Current Level of Planning How much have you planned for your possible future transportation needs? ", "This includes how you may need to change or adapt how you get around outside your home and new needs for transportation you may have in the future.", "\n How much have you planned for a time in the future when you may no longer be driving?", "\n Concrete Planning Actions How much have you thought about a possible future time when you are still driving, but drive less than you currently do?", "\n How much have you thought about a future time when you are no longer driving at all?", "\n How much or often have you talked to friends or others to get ideas or information for your possible future transportation needs?", "\n How many meetings, lectures, or classes have you attended to learn information about aging and driving?", "\n How much information about safe driving for older adults have you sought out from magazine articles, brochures, guides, or other sources (either printed or on the internet)?", "\n How much have you done each of the following actions to make your future transportation plans more concrete?", "\n Figure out the routes, schedules, and other logistical details of getting rides with others or on public transit.", "\n Write your plan down.", "\n Practice the plan to become more comfortable or familiar with it.", "\n Tell other people about your plan.", "\n Planning Beliefs How much would thinking now about a time when you are no longer driving help you meet future transportation needs?", "\n How much would thinking now about a time when you are no longer driving help make a future transition to nondriver easier emotionally?", "\n Planning Intention Regardless of how much transportation planning you have or haven't done, how much planning about your transportation do you intend to do in the future?", "\n\ngeriatrics-03-00019-t002_Table 2\n\n###### \n\nCharacteristics of Sample.", "\n\n Demographic Characteristic All Age Group Race Gender \n ------------------------------ ------------- ------------ ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- -------------\n Age 72.0 (7.1) years 610 61.2 (2.8) 74.2 (5.5) 71.8 (6.8) 72.9 (8.1) 71.8 (6.7) 72.6 (7.8%)\n Middle-Aged (53--64) 103 (16.5%) \\-- \\-- 72 (15.7%) 29 (21.6%) 84 (17.0%) 18 (18.4%)\n Older Drivers (65--92) 507 (83.1%) \\-- \\-- 387 (84.3%) 105 (78.4%) 410 (83.0%) 80 (81.6%)\n Race \n Black 461 (73.9%) 72 (69.9%) 387 (76.6%) \\-- \\-- 394 (79.9%) 50 (51.0%)\n White 135 (21.6%) 29 (28.2%) 105 (20.7%) \\-- \\-- 89 (18.1%) 45 (45.9%)\n Other 25 (4.0%) 2 (1.9%) 13 (2.6%) \\-- \\-- 10 (2.0%) 3 (3.1%)\n Gender (Female) 497 (83.1%) 84 (82.4%) 410 (83.7%) 394 (88.7%) 89 (66.4%) \\-- \\--\n Education \n High School Diploma or Less 96 (15.7%) 13 (12.7%) 83 (16.4%) 85 (18.5%) 10 (7.5%) 72 (14.5%) 17 (17.3%)\n Some College 200 (32.7%) 32 (31.4%) 166 (32.7%) 155 (33.8%) 36 (26.9%) 171 (34.5%) 24 (24.5%)\n College Degree 108 (17.7%) 40 (39.2%) 127 (25.1%) 81 (17.6%) 27 (20.1%) 134 (27.1%) 28 (28.6%)\n Master's/Professional Degree 133 (21.8%) 16 (15.7%) 117 (23.1%) 91 (19.8%) 39 (29.1%) 108 (21.8%) 25 (25.5%)\n Doctorate 15 (2.5%) 1 (1.0%) 14 (2.8%) 10 (2.2%) 4 (3.0%) 10 (2.0%) 4 (4.1%)\n Employment Status \n Working 93 (14.9%) 45 (43.7%) 48 (9.5%) 61 (13.3%) 28 (20.9%) 75 (15.1%) 17 (17.3%)\n Retired 490 (78.5%) 47 (45.6%) 433 (85.4%) 368 (80.0%) 102 (76.1%) 397 (79.9%) 73 (74.5%)\n Relationship Status \n Single (Never Married) 51 (8.4%) 19 (19.0%) 31 (6.1%) 45 (9.9%) 4 (3.0%) 44 (9.0%) 5 (5.3%)\n Married/Domestic Partnership 221 (36.4%) 46 (46.0%) 172 (33.9%) 126 (27.8% 90 (68.2%) 147 (30.1%) 69 (73.4%)\n Divorced/Separated 182 (30.0%) 23 (23.0%) 157 (31.7%) 162 (35.8%) 14 (10.6%) 160 (32.7%) 13 (13.8%)\n Widowed 153 (25.5%) 12 (12.0) 136 (27.4%) 120 (26.5%) 24 (18.2%) 138 (28.2%) 7 (7.4%)\n Self-Reported Health \n Excellent 53 (8.6%) 16 (15.5%) 37 (7.4%) 26 (5.8%) 25 (18.7%) 41 (8.4%) 10 (10.2%)\n Very Good 243 (39.5%) 32 (31.1%) 204 (40.8%) 168 (37.2%) 62 (46.3%) 195 (39.8%) 39 (39.8%)\n Good 236 (38.4%) 39 (38.2%) 195 (39.0%) 191 (42.3%) 37 (27.6%) 189 (38.6%) 37 (37.8%\n Fair 77 (12.5%) 12 (11.8%) 61 (12.2%) 562 (13.5%) 9 (6.7%) 62 (12.5%) 9 (9.2%)\n Poor 6 (1.0%) 3 (2.9%) 3 (0.6%) 5 (1.1%) 1 (0.7%) 3 (0.6%) 3 (3.1%)\n Annual Household Income \n \\<\\$10,000 18 (3.1%) 4 (4.2%) 14 (3.0%) 16 (3.8%) 1 (0.8%) 10 (2.2%) 4 (4.3%)\n \\$10,000--\\$14,999 45 (7.9%) 9 (9.4%) 35 (7.5%) 43 (10.2%) 2 (1.6%) 39 (8.5%) 3 (3.2%)\n \\$15,000--\\$24,999 99 (17.3%) 11 (11.5%) 83 (17.8%) 81 (19.3%) 8 (6.2%) 83 (18.1%) 10 (10.8%)\n \\$25,000--\\$49,999 231 (40.4%) 35 (36.5%) 194 (41.5%) 178 (42.4%) 45 (34.9%) 192 (41.9%) 32 (34.4%)\n \\$50,000--\\$99,999 132 (23.1%) 26 (25.2%) 105 (22.5%) 76 (18.1%) 53 (41.1%) 96 (21.0%) 35 (37.6%)\n \\$100,000--\\$149,999 36 (6.3%) 7 (7.3%) 29 (6.2%) 21 (5.0%) 14 (10.9%) 31 (6.8%) 5 (5.4%)\n \\>\\$150,000 11 (1.9%) 4 (4.1%) 7 (1.5%) 5 (1.2%) 6 (4.7%) 7 (1.5%) 4 (4.3%)\n Urbanicity \n Urban (City) 400 (66.3%) 57 (55.9%) 334 (68.2%) 349 (78.1%) 36 (27.5%) 331 (68.5%) 50 (52.1%)\n Suburban 169 (28.0%) 33 (32.4%) 134 (27.3%) 90 (20.1%) 70 (53.4%) 128 (26.5%) 36 (37.5%)\n Rural 31 (5.1%) 11 (10.8%) 20 (4.1%) 5 (1.1%) 25 (19.1%) 21 (4.3%) 10 (10.4%)\n\ngeriatrics-03-00019-t003_Table 3\n\n###### \n\nDrivers' Levels of Planning for Future Transportation Needs.", "\n\n Planning Item All Age Group Race Gender \n ----------------------------------------- ------------- ------------ ------------- ------------- ------------ ------------- ------------\n Planned for future transportation needs \n None (0) 345 (57.2%) 54 (54.0%) 281 (57.5%) 250 (56.4%) 75 (57.7%) 275 (57.4%) 52 (54.2%)\n Low (1--2) 192 (31.8%) 39 (39.0%) 150 (29.6%) 143 (32.3%) 43 (33.1%) 151 (31.5%) 36 (37.5%)\n High (3--4) 66 (10.9%) 7 (6.8%) 58 (11.9%) 50 (11.3%) 12 (9.2%) 53 (11.1%) 8 (8.3%)\n \\% Any 258 (42.8%) 46 (46.0%) 208 (41.5%) 193 (43.6%) 55 (42.3%) 204 (42.6%) 44 (45.8%)\n Planning for nondriving future \n None (0) 361 (57.9%) 65 (63.1%) 288 (56.8%) 257 (55.9%) 84 (62.7%) 281 (56.5%) 61 (62.2%)\n Low (1--2) 215 (34.5%) 31 (30.1%) 179 (35.3%) 160 (34.8%) 46 (34.3%) 176 (35.4%) 33 (33.7%)\n High (3--4) 48 (7.7%) 7 (6.8%) 40 (7.9%) 43 (9.3%) 4 (3.0%) 40 (8.0%) 4 (4.1%)\n \\% Any 263 (42.1%) 38 (36.9%) 219 (43.2%) 203 (44.1%) 50 (37.3%) 216 (43.3%) 37 (37.8%)\n\ngeriatrics-03-00019-t004_Table 4\n\n###### \n\nDrivers' Planning Behaviors for Future Transportation Needs.", "\n\n Planning Behavior All Age Group Race Gender \n ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------- ------------ ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------\n Thought about future with reduced driving \n 0---Not at All 192 (30.8%) 29 (28.2%) 157 (31.0%) 134 (29.1%) 46 (34.3%) 146 (29.4%) 32 (32.7%)\n 1 120 (19.2%) 24 (23.3%) 94 (18.5%) 76 (16.5%) 37 (27.6%) 96 (19.3%) 21 (21.4%)\n 2 163 (26.1%) 31 (30.1%) 129 (25.4%) 130 (28.3%) 26 (19.4%) 134 (27.0%) 24 (24.5%)\n 3 108 (17.3%) 14 (13.6%) 92 (18.1%) 86 (18.7%) 20 (14.9%) 90 (18.1%) 16 (16.3%)\n 4---A Lot 41 (6.6%) 5 (4.9%) 35 (6.9%) 34 (7.4%) 5 (3.7%) 31 (6.2%) 5 (5.1%)\n \\% Any 432 (69.2%) 74 (71.8%) 350 (69.0%) 326 (70.9%) 88 (65.7%) 351 (70.6%) 66 (67.3%)\n Thought about nondriving future \n 0---Not at All 257 (41.5%) 49 (47.6%) 202 (40.2%) 183 (40.0%) 60 (45.5%) 200 (40.5%) 43 (44.8%)\n 1 159 (25.7%) 40 (38.8%) 113 (22.5%) 106 (23.2%) 42 (31.8%) 131 (26.5%) 23 (24.0%)\n 2 107 (17.3%) 9 (8.7%) 98 (19.5%) 88 (19.3%) 17 (12.9%) 87 (17.6%) 18 (18.8%)\n 3 50 (8.1%) 0 (0.0%) 49 (9.8%) 44 (9.6%) 5 (3.8%) 43 (8.7%) 5 (5.2%)\n 4---A Lot 46 (7.4%) 5 (4.9%) 40 (8.0%) 36 (7.9%) 2 (1.5%) 33 (6.7%) 7 (7.3%)\n \\% Any 362 (58.5%) 54 (52.4%) 300 (59.8%) 274 (60.0%) 72 (54.5%) 294 (59.5%) 53 (55.2%)\n Talked to others to get ideas \n 0---Not at All 360 (58.4%) 58 (57.4%) 292 (58.3%) 259 (57.2%) 81 (60.9%) 284 (57.8%) 61 (62.9%)\n 1 114 (18.5%) 24 (23.8%) 89 (17.8%) 80 (17.7%) 30 (22.6%) 92 (18.7%) 19 (19.6%)\n 2 80 (13.0%) 12 (11.9%) 67 (13.4%) 61 (13.5%) 16 (12.0%) 65 (13.2%) 12 (12.4%)\n 3 29 (4.7%) 3 (3.0%) 25 (5.0%) 44 (9.6%) 4 (3.0%) 25 (5.1%) 2 (2.1%)\n 4---A Lot 33 (5.4%) 4 (4.0%) 28 (5.6%) 36 (7.9%) 2 (1.5%) 25 (5.1%) 3 (3.1%)\n \\% Any 256 (41.6%) 43 (42.6%) 209 (41.7%) 194 (42.8%) 52 (39.1%) 207 (42.2%) 36 (37.1%)\n Attended meetings, lectures, or classes \n 0---Not at All 399 (64.7%) 77 (76.2%) 311 (62.0%) 262 (57.7%) 113 (85.0%) 306 (62.3%) 76 (77.6%)\n 1 79 (12.8%) 4 (4.0%) 74 (14.7%) 66 (14.5%) 11 (8.3%) 69 (14.1%) 7 (7.1%)\n 2 71 (11.5%) 11 (10.9%) 58 (11.6%) 64 (14.1%) 5 (3.8%) 56 (11.4%) 12 (12.2%)\n 3 35 (5.7%) 4 (4.0%) 31 (6.2%) 31 (6.8%) 3 (2.3%) 33 (6.7%) 2 (2.0%)\n 4---A Lot 33 (5.3%) 5 (5.0%) 28 (5.6%) 31 (6.8%) 1 (0.8%) 27 (5.5%) 1 (1.0%)\n \\% Any 218 (35.3%) 24 (23.8%) 191 (38.0%) 192 (42.3%) 20 (15.0%) 185 (37.7%) 22 (22.4%)\n Read magazine articles, brochures, guides or other sources \n 0---Not at All 294 (47.7%) 65 (64.4%) 219 (43.7%) 207 (45.7%) 69 (51.9%) 219 (44.8%) 59 (60.2%)\n 1 139 (22.6%) 20 (19.8%) 117 (23.4%) 87 (19.2%) 47 (35.3%) 109 (22.3%) 26 (26.5%)\n 2 102 (16.6%) 13 (12.9%) 87 (17.4%) 86 (19.0%) 12 (9.0%) 92 (18.8%) 9 (9.2%)\n 3 37 (6.0%) 1 (1.0%) 36 (7.2%) 31 (6.8%) 4 (3.0%) 33 (6.7%) 2 (2.0%)\n 4---A Lot 44 (7.1%) 2 (2.0%) 42 (8.4%) 42 (9.3%) 1 (0.8%) 36 (7.4%) 2 (2.0%)\n \\% Any 322 (52.9) 36 (35.6%) 282 (56.3%) 246 (54.3%) 64 (48.1%) 270 (55.2%) 39 (39.8%)\n\ngeriatrics-03-00019-t005_Table 5\n\n###### \n\nDrivers' Beliefs about Effects of Planning for Future Transportation Needs.", "\n\n Planning Belief All Age Group Race Gender \n ---------------------------------------- ------------- ------------ ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------\n Help meet transportation needs \n 0---Not at All 97 (15.8%) 17 (16.7%) 77 (15.5%) 57 (12.7%) 31 (23.1%) 65 (13.3%) 23 (23.7%)\n 1 84 (13.7%) 18 (17.6%) 63 (12.7%) 53 (11.8%) 28 (20.9%) 63 (12.9%) 18 (18.6%)\n 2 184 (30.0%) 31 (30.4%) 149 (30.0%) 137 (30.5%) 36 (26.9%) 151 (30.9%) 30 (30.9%)\n 3 116 (18.9%) 18 (17.6%) 97 (19.5%) 89 (19.8%) 25 (18.7%) 100 (20.5%) 11 (11.3%)\n 4---A Lot 132 (21.5%) 18 (17.6%) 111 (22.3%) 113 (25.2%) 14 (10.4%) 109 (22.3%) 15 (15.5%)\n \\% Any 516 (84.2%) 85 (83.3%) 420 (84.5%) 392 (87.3%) 103 (76.9%) 423 (86.7%) 74 (76.3%)\n Help emotional transition to nondriver \n 0---Not at All 105 (17.2%) 19 (18.6%) 83 (16.7%) 65 (14.5%) 32 (23.9%) 76 (15.6%) 21 (21.4%)\n 1 82 (13.4%) 12 (11.8%) 68 (13.7%) 52 (11.6%) 24 (17.9%) 64 (13.2%) 15 (15.3%)\n 2 182 (29.8%) 34 (33.3%) 144 (29.0%) 140 (31.2%) 33 (24.6%) 143 (29.4%) 33 (33.7%)\n 3 122 (20.0%) 21 (20.6%) 100 (20.1%) 91 (20.3%) 30 (22.4%) 101 (20.8%) 16 (16.3%)\n 4---A Lot 120 (19.6%) 16 (15.7%) 102 (20.5%) 101 (22.5%) 15 (11.2%) 102 (21.0%) 13 (13.3%)\n \\% Any 506 (82.8%) 83 (81.4%) 414 (83.3%) 384 (85.5%) 102 (76.1%) 410 (84.4%) 77 (78.6%)\n\ngeriatrics-03-00019-t006_Table 6\n\n###### \n\nDemographic Comparisons of Planning for Nondriving Future.", "\n\n Demographic Characteristic Planned At All Planning Level \n ---------------------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------\n Age *M* (*SD*) 72.8 (7.0) \\* 71.4 (7.1) \\* 73.0 (7.0) 72.0 (7.3)\n Middle-Aged (53--64) 38 (36.9%) 65 (63.1%) 31 (81.6%) 7 (18.4%)\n Older (65+) 219 (43.2%) 288 (56.8%) 179 (81.7%) 40 (18.3%)\n Gender \n Female 216 (43.5%) 281 (56.5%) 176 (81.5%) 40 (18.5%)\n Male 37 (37.8%) 61 (62.2%) 33 (89.2%) 4 (10.8%)\n Race \n Black 203 (44.1%) 257 (55.9%) 160 (78.8%) \\* 43 (21.2%) \\*\n White 50 (37.3%) 84 (62.7%) 46 (92.0%) \\* 4 (8.0%) \\*\n Relationship Status \n Partnered 84 (38.0%) 137 (62.0%) 73 (86.9%) 11 (13.1%)\n Not Partnered 175 (45.3%) 211 (54.7%) 138 (78.9%) 37 (21.1%)\n Employment Status \n Working 29 (31.2%) \\* 64 (68.8%) \\* 24 (82.8%) 5 (17.2%)\n Not Working 234 (44.1%) \\* 297 (55.9%) \\* 191 (81.6%) 43 (18.4%)\n Health \n Poor/Fair 41 (49.4%) 42 (50.6%) 32 (78.0%) 9 (22.0%)\n Very Good/Excellent 113 (38.2%) 183 (61.8%) 95 (84.1%) 18 (15.9%)\n\n\\* *p* ≤ 0.05.", "\n\ngeriatrics-03-00019-t007_Table 7\n\n###### \n\nDemographic Comparisons of Planning for Nondriving Future.", "\n\n Driving Context Planned At All Planning Level \n --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------ ---------------- ---------------\n Driving Frequency (Days Per Week) *M* (*SD*) 5.3 (1.8) \\* 5.6 (1.7) \\* 5.3 (1.8) 5.2 (1.7)\n Daily Driver 88 (36.4%) \\* 154 (63.6%) \\* 72 (81.8%) 16 (18.2%)\n Non-Daily Driving 165 (45.7%) \\* 196 (54.3%) \\* 135 (81.8%) 30 (18.2%)\n Limits Driving to Nearby Places \n Yes 72 (52.2%) \\*\\* 66 (47.8%) \\*\\* 53 (73.6%) \\* 19 (26.4%) \\*\n No 189 (39.3%) \\*\\* 292 (60.7%) \\*\\* 160 (84.7%) \\* 29 (15.3%) \\*\n Car Available When Needed \n Yes 258 (42.2%) 354 (57.8%) 211 (81.8%) 47 (18.2%)\n No 4 (40.0%) 6 (60.0%) 3 (75.0%) 1 (25.0%)\n Difficulty Believing Will Become Nondriver *(0---Not at All--4---A Lot) M (SD)* 2.0 (1.5) \\* 2.3 (1.6) \\* 2.0 (1.5) 1.8 (1.6)\n Expected Years of Driving Remaining *M* (*SD*) 13.3 (8.0) \\*\\* 15.9 (8.4) \\*\\* 13.4 (7.9) 12.3 (9.4)\n Experienced Event(s) in Past Year That Made Them Consider Changing Driving \n Yes 50 (51.5%) \\* 47 (48.5%) \\* 38 (76.0%) 12 (24.0%)\n No 201 (39.9%) \\* 303 (60.1%)\\* 167 (83.1%) 34 (16.9%)\n\n\\* *p* ≤ 0.05; \\*\\* *p* ≤ 0.01.", "\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Central" }

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[ "/dts-v1/;\n\n#include \"danube.dtsi\"\n\n/ {\n\tcompatible = \"audiocodes,mp-252\", \"lantiq,xway\", \"lantiq,danube\";\n\tmodel = \"AudioCodes MediaPack MP-252\";\n\n\tchosen {\n\t\tbootargs = \"console=ttyLTQ0,115200\";\n\t};\n\n\tmemory@0 {\n\t\tdevice_type = \"memory\";\n\t\treg = <0x0 0x4000000>;\n\t};\n\n\tusb_vbus: regulator-usb-vbus {\n\t\tcompatible = \"regulator-fixed\";\n\n\t\tregulator-name = \"USB_VBUS\";\n\n\t\tregulator-min-microvolt = <5000000>;\n\t\tregulator-max-microvolt = <5000000>;\n\n\t\tgpio = <&gpio 3 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;\n\t\tenable-active-high;\n\t};\n};\n\n&gpio {\n\tpinctrl-names = \"default\";\n\tpinctrl-0 = <&state_default>;\n\n\tstate_default: pinmux {\n\t\texin {\n\t\t\tlantiq,groups = \"exin1\";\n\t\t\tlantiq,function = \"exin\";\n\t\t};\n\t};\n};\n\n&gsw {\n\tphy-mode = \"rmii\";\n};\n\n&localbus {\n\tflash@0 {\n\t\tcompatible = \"lantiq,nor\";\n\t\tbank-width = <2>;\n\t\treg = <0 0x0 0x2000000>;\n\n\t\tpartitions {\n\t\t\tcompatible = \"fixed-partitions\";\n\t\t\t#address-cells = <1>;\n\t\t\t#size-cells = <1>;\n\n\t\t\tpartition@0 {\n\t\t\t\tlabel = \"uboot\";\n\t\t\t\treg = <0x0 0x20000>;\n\t\t\t\tread-only;\n\t\t\t};\n\n\t\t\tpartition@20000 {\n\t\t\t\tlabel = \"uboot_env\";\n\t\t\t\treg = <0x20000 0x20000>;\n\t\t\t};\n\n\t\t\tpartition@40000 {\n\t\t\t\tlabel = \"boardconfig\";\n\t\t\t\treg = <0x40000 0x60000>;\n\t\t\t\tread-only;\n\t\t\t};\n\n\t\t\tpartition@a0000 {\n\t\t\t\tlabel = \"firmware\";\n\t\t\t\treg = <0xa0000 0xf20000>;\n\t\t\t};\n\n\t\t\tpartition@fc0000 {\n\t\t\t\tlabel = \"sysconfig\";\n\t\t\t\treg = <0xfc0000 0x40000>;\n\t\t\t};\n\n\t\t\tpartition@1000000 {\n\t\t\t\tlabel = \"rootfs_data\";\n\t\t\t\treg = <0x1000000 0x1000000>;\n\t\t\t};\n\t\t};\n\t};\n};\n\n&pci0 {\n\tstatus = \"okay\";\n\n\tpinctrl-0 = <&pci_gnt1_pins>, <&pci_req1_pins>;\n\tpinctrl-names = \"default\";\n};\n\n&usb_phy {\n\tstatus = \"okay\";\n};\n\n&usb {\n\tstatus = \"okay\";\n\tvbus-supply = <&usb_vbus>;\n};\n\n&vmmc {\n\tstatus = \"okay\";\n\tgpios = <&gpio 31 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;\n};\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

[ 0.0014198195422068238 ]

[ "MUMBAI, India--In the seemingly never-ending quest to balance openness with profits, one of India's more influential professors is devising yet another open-source licensing program.", "\n\nDeepak Phatak of the Indian Institute of Technology has kicked off an effort to create the Knowledge Public License, or KPL, a licensing program that will let programmers share ideas with one another while at the same time allowing them to retain the rights to their own software modifications. ", "The license will likely function much like the Berkeley Software Distribution or the MIT License programs, he added.", "\n\nThe idea is to create an environment where developers can take advantage of the collaborative power of the open-source movement while giving individuals the ability to exploit their own twists.", "\n\nNews.context\n\nWhat's new:Deepak Phatak of the Indian Institute of Technology has begun an effort to create an open-source license that will let programmers share ideas while also letting them retain the rights to their own software modifications.", "\n\nBottom line:The number of open-source licenses has exploded, leaving many in the community miffed. ", "But Phatak's proposal comes with the power of numbers. ", "India's 1,750 colleges with computer science and electrical engineering degrees admit about 250,000 students a year. ", "Combined with the outsourcing boom, that makes India one of the major centers for software development.", "\n\nIdeally, such a program could also help ease the raging tensions between the open-source software movement and proprietary software companies.", "\n\n\"The free software people are afflicted by what I call the J factor, which is the jealousy factor. ", "The proprietary people are afflicted by the G factor, the greed factor. ", "They want to maximally extract money from the world,\" Phatak said in an interview here. \"", "I am working to tell the world, 'Please permit these groups to coexist peacefully and harmoniously. ", "There is a tremendous advantage to everyone.'\"", "\n\n\"Legally, we have to move very carefully because the Americans have a tendency to sue anybody for anything,\" he added.", "\n\nThe number of open-source licensing programs has expanded rapidly in the past few years. ", "Under some programs, such as the General Public License, developers have to publish their modifications if the modifications are used outside their own operations.", "\n\nMany in the open-source community have complained about the proliferation of licensing models and taken action to curtail the numbers.", "\n\nBudding software powerhouse\nIf anything, Phatak's licensing proposal comes with the power of numbers. ", "India's 1,750 colleges with computer science and electrical" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

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[ "Q:\n\nPyQt5 Signals and Threading\n\nI watched a short tutorial on PyQt4 signals on youtube and am having trouble getting a small sample program running. ", "How do I connect my signal being emitted from a thread to the main window?", "\nimport cpuUsageGui\nimport sys\nimport sysInfo\nfrom PyQt5 import QtCore\n\n\"\"\"Main window setup\"\"\"\napp = cpuUsageGui.", "QtWidgets.", "QApplication(sys.argv)\nForm = cpuUsageGui.", "QtWidgets.", "QWidget()\nui = cpuUsageGui.", "Ui_Form()\nui.setupUi(Form)\n\ndef updateProgBar(val):\n ui.progressBar.setValue(val)\n\nclass ThreadClass(QtCore.", "QThread):\n def run(self):\n while True:\n val = sysInfo.getCpu()\n self.emit(QtCore.pyqtSignal('CPUVALUE'), val)\n\nthreadclass = ThreadClass()\n\n# This section does not work\nconnect(threadclass, QtCore.pyqtSignal('CPUVALUE'), updateProgBar)\n# This section does not work\n\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\n threadclass.start()\n Form.show()\n sys.exit(app.exec_())\n\nA:\n\nThe signal must be created, inside your ThreadClass, or before but as you emit the signal inside the ThreadClass, it is better to create it inside your class. ", "\nAfter creation, you need to connect it to the progress bar function. ", "Here is an example of the signal created and connected inside your class.", "\nclass ThreadClass(QtCore.", "QThread):\n # Create the signal\n sig = QtCore.pyqtSignal(int)\n\n def __init__(self, parent=None):\n super(ThreadClass, self).__init__(parent)\n\n # Connect signal to the desired function\n self.sig.connect(updateProgBar)\n\n def run(self):\n while True:\n val = sysInfo.getCpu()\n\n # Emit the signal\n self.sig.emit(val)\n\nKeep in mind that signals have changed style since PyQt5 : Description\nif you watched a tutorial for PyQt4, it is not be the same.", "\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

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[ "A story about two people living in New Mexico. ", "Set in a bar, where the characters are watching a neighbour from their trailer park being interviewed on TV, about a video he captured of UFOs. ", "This becomes the background for a review of their own lives." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

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[ "Feed the Machine (Nickelback song)\n\n\"Feed the Machine\" is a song by Canadian rock band Nickelback for their ninth studio album of the same name (2017). ", "The band co-produced the track with Chris Baseford. \"", "Feed the Machine\" was released to digital retailers February 1, 2017 through BMG Rights Management as the album's lead single and impacted American rock radio on February 7.", "\n\nContent\n\"Feed the Machine\" is a \"defiant rock anthem\" with prominent metal-influenced guitar riffs and \"timely\" lyrics about resisting an all-powerful government. ", "Critics have noted the song's style as being both a return to the \"heavier\" rock sound of their early works and a change of pace from the formulaic music for which they have drawn criticism.", "\n\nCritical reception\nMike Wass of Idolator gave the single a mixed review, writing that \"Feed the Machine\" is \"honestly not that bad\" and \"something of a change of pace\" for the group. ", "Sam Law of lifestyle blog The Edge rated the song three stars out of five. ", "He praised the song's \"surprisingly catchy\" guitar work but wrote that ultimately, \"the most compelling thing about Nickelback's latest single is that it's not as awful as the rest of their work.\"", "\n\nChart performance\nIn Canada, \"Feed the Machine\" failed to enter the Canadian Hot 100 chart, but did reach number 39 on the Digital Songs component chart dated February 25, 2017. ", "The song entered the Canada Rock airplay chart at number 32 for the week of February 18, 2017 and has since reached a peak position of 1 on the chart dated March 25, 2017.", "\n\nIn the United States, \"Feed the Machine\" debuted at number 42 on the Hot Rock Songs chart dated February 18, 2017. ", "It reached a peak position of 17 on the chart dated February 25, 2017. ", "The song has also peaked at 34 on the Rock Airplay chart and at 14 on the format-specific Mainstream Rock chart.", "\n\nMusic video \nThe music video was released on 19 April 2017.", "\n\nSynopsis \nSet in a dystopian, post-apocalyptic future where machines have imprisoned humans. ", "The music video sees Kroeger and his bandmates depicted as freedom-fighting revolutionaries who free the enslaved humans from their machine captors.", "\n\nCharts\n\nRelease history\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\nCategory:2017 songs\nCategory:2017 singles\nCategory:Nickelback songs\nCategory:Songs written by Chad Kroeger\nCategory:Songs written by Ryan Peake\nCategory:Songs written by Mike Kroeger\nCategory:Songs written by Daniel Adair" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

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[ "Q:\n\nCreating trigger between two different schemas table in one DB?", "\n\nI've been working on a database which consists of two schemas names as front and backup. ", "Where in one table name:\nfront.", "Details\n\n studID SemID GPA\n 100 1 4\n 200 2 3\n\nAnother table name is:\nbackup.", "DetailsV\nstudID DEPT SemID GPA\n\nI need to create a trigger on Table front.", "Details when there is insert all rows must be inserted in to Table backup.", "DetailsV twice with deptC column twice.", "\nThe output in Table backup.", "DetailsV should look like below:\nstudID DEPT SemID GPA\n100 1 1 4\n200 1 2 3\n100 2 1 4\n200 2 2 3 \n\nHow can I create trigger on table A to insert twice with dept id 1 and 2?", "\n\nA:\n\nThis should do it:\nCREATE TRIGGER MyTrigger\nON Front.", "Details\nAFTER INSERT\nAS\nBEGIN\n INSERT INTO backup.", "DetailsV (Dept, SemID, GPA)\n SELECT 1, SemID, GPA FROM INSERTED\n INSERT INTO backup.", "DetailsV (Dept, SemID, GPA)\n SELECT 2, SemID, GPA FROM INSERTED\nEND\n\nNote that we are SELECTing from the special INSERTED table twice, and inserting twice, once each with the required departments. ", " \n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

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[ "Activation of PRMT1 and PRMT5 mediates hypoxia- and ischemia-induced apoptosis in human lung epithelial cells and the lung of miniature pigs: the role of p38 and JNK mitogen-activated protein kinases.", "\nSevere hypoxic and ischemic injury leads to primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation. ", "Arginine methylation, which is responsible for the regulation of a variety of biological functions, is mediated by protein arginine methylation transferases (PRMTs). ", "This study examined the role of hypoxia in PRMT activation in A549 human lung epithelial cells, as well as the role of ischemia in PRMT activation in the lung of miniature pigs. ", "In A459 cells, hypoxia increased the expression of PRMT1 and PRMT5, and overexpression of PRMT1 and PRMT5 induced apoptosis. ", "The transfection of PRMT1 and PRMT5 small interfering RNA (siRNA) prevented hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α expression and apoptosis in A549 cells. ", "Hypoxia-induced expression of PRMT1 and PRMT5 was blocked by p38 and JNK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors, but not by an inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2. ", "In the lungs of miniature pigs, ischemia stimulated PRMT1 and PRMT5 expression and induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK (p-p38), phosphorylation of JNK (p-JNK), and apoptotic molecules. ", "These results demonstrate that PRMT1 and PRMT5 are involved in hypoxia and ischemia-induced apoptosis via p-p38 MAPK and p-JNK in in vitro and in vivo models." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "\n38 F.2d 69 (1930)\nSUPERHEATER CO.", "\nv.\nCOMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE.", "\nNo. ", "118.", "\nCircuit Court of Appeals, Second Circuit.", "\nFebruary 3, 1930.", "\nGeorge E. Holmes, of New York City (Valentine B. Havens and Jacob Mertens, Jr., both of Washington, D. C., of counsel), for petitioner.", "\nG. A. Youngquist, Asst. ", "Atty. ", "Gen., and Sewall Key and Andrew D. Sharpe, both of Washington, D. C. (C. M. Charest, General Counsel, and R. N. Shaw, Sp. ", "Atty., ", "Bureau of Internal Revenue, both of Washington, D. C., of counsel), for respondent.", "\nBefore MANTON, L. HAND, and MACK, Circuit Judges.", "\nL. HAND, Circuit Judge.", "\nThe petitioner is a New York company, the successor of a Delaware company, called *70 the Locomotive Superheater Company, with which, for the purposes of this case, it may be identified. ", "The Locomotive Company in 1919 owned some shares in a British company, which the British Public Trustee had seized during the Great War. ", "Wishing to re-establish its interest in the company, the Locomotive Company offered £25,000 for 61,000 shares, a majority, of the British company's stock, of the par value of £1. ", "This negotiation fell through, because the British law would not allow aliens to hold a majority of the shares of a British company. ", "Thereupon the Locomotive Company offered to take 25,000 shares, not then issued, for 15 shillings a share, together with 15,000 shares, also unissued, in consideration of an agreement by which it was to license the British company under certain of its patents at a royalty. ", "The bargain was so concluded, and 15 shillings were paid for the 25,000 shares before March 21, 1920, when presumably they were issued. ", "The license agreement was made on September 10, 1920, and the 15,000 shares were issued a week later.", "\nThe by-laws of the British company prohibited the issuance of shares at less than 75 per cent. ", "of their par value, and the board found that the transaction was lawful under British law in the form it took of two separate agreements, but that, construed as a single agreement, it would not have been. ", "We can interpret this only as meaning that the issuance of 25,000 shares at 15 shillings a share and of 15,000 shares for the license agreement, was in conformity with British law, but that this would not have been true if 40,000 shares had been issued for 9 shillings, 4 pence, half-penny in cash, together with the license agreement. ", "This is indeed so curious a result that it is hard to believe, but the case comes up without the evidence, and we have no means of knowing the British law, except as the Board has found it. ", "Moreover, the petitioner does not assign the finding as error or challenge its correctness in its brief.", "\nThe value of the shares was 10 shillings, and the Commissioner therefore decided that the petitioner had realized upon the license agreement, which cost it nothing, the full value of the 15,000 shares so acquired, £7,500. ", "The Board found that the petitioner would not have paid 15 shillings for the 25,000 shares, unless it had also acquired the 15,000 for the license, but nevertheless that it was not to be regarded as a purchaser of 40,000 shares at 9 shillings, 4 pence, half-penny, since it was impossible to rearrange the two contracts into one, or to ignore the form chosen. ", "Moreover, they held that the transaction must be assumed to have been intended to conform to British law.", "\nIt seems to us that the question considered by the Board was irrelevant to the issues here. ", "It makes no difference what any collateral agreement between the parties was; we might assume for argument that they expressly provided for the issue of 40,000 shares for 9 shillings, 4 pence, half-penny. ", "Such an agreement was not a contract, and created no obligations, because the British law forbad its performance. ", "If the shares were issued in accordance with its terms, they were invalid; the 25,000 shares could be valid only in case 15 shillings was their price. ", "The parties, no doubt to conform with this requirement, made the formal contract so to issue them. ", "If this was a mere disguise, not intended to determine their obligations, no doubt it did not do so as between themselves. ", "New York Trust Co. v. Island Oil & Transport Co., Ex parte Compania Petrolera Capuchinas, 34 F. (2d) 655 (C. C. A. 2). ", "But there was then no contract whatever.", "\nYet the parties did issue the shares and pay the consideration. ", "Under British law it was a condition upon the existence of the 25,000 shares as property at all that the consideration should be allocated as the formal contract prescribed. ", "No doubt the law did not require the parties to enter upon the transaction, but, having once undertaken to do so, it could and did attach to that act the prescribed condition. ", "What they might agree upon to the contrary was therefore of no legal consequence whatever. ", "Thus the Board in our judgment was right in holding that the 15,000 shares were issued in consideration of the license alone.", "\nDecision affirmed.", "\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "FreeLaw" }

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[ "San Jose Raiders\n\nThe San Jose Raiders are a group of winter guard ensembles based in San Jose, California and founded in the 1970s. ", "The Raiders had won six Winter Guard International (WGI) World Titles (1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 2003).", "\n\nHistory\nFounded as a Drum and Bugle Corps, the San Jose Raiders were first known as the Knight Raiders. ", " In the mid 1970s, the organization switched its focus to Winter Guard and made its first WGI appearance in 1985.", "\n\nBy 1987 the Raiders made their first finals appearance with their show entitled \"The Art of Noise\" and by 1990 had tied with Blessed Sacrament to win their first WGI title. ", " In the subsequent seasons the San Jose Raiders became the first color guard to win five consecutive WGI World Class titles. ", " Additionally in 1994 the San Jose Raiders Open Guard earned the bronze medal at the WGI World Championships.", "\n\nIn 1995 the organization decided to fold their current world program and promote their Open Guard to the World class. ", " Although this \"new\" Raider World Guard performed a very memorable show, they missed making finals. ", " In 1996 the Raiders returned to WGI and firmly retained their spot as a WGI finalist with a 6th-place finish.", "\n\nThe following years continued the Raiders growth. ", " The Raiders \"A\" class guard earned a silver medal in 1997 and followed it with a 4th-place finish in the Open class in 1998. ", " The World team remained strong, but was never able to return to the medal podium, twice missing the bronze medal by five hundredths of a point (2000, 2002).", "\n\nAfter eight years the Raiders returned to the World Class Podium with their 2003 Gold medal production, \"Portraits of Frida\".", "\n\nSee also\nCalifornia Color Guard Circuit\n\nExternal links\nSan Jose Raiders official website\n\nCategory:Culture of San Jose, California" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

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[ "I Got Your Paperclip Right Here\n\nBased on a Youtube comment from “Ragtime Rendezvous,” who pointed out that “Dr. Green” being the name of the real or cyber doctor overseeing Caleb’s reprogramming could be a reference to a certain Dr. Green involved with “Operation Paperclip.” ", "This triggered something I’d seen years ago… apparently the Doc’s name was actually Greenbaum and was involved in some kind of psych conditioning referred to as the “green bomb” — perhaps mind control experiments designed to create controllable assassins, Manchurian candidate style. ", "One quick google search later reveals this: https://www.empty-memories.nl/science/greenbaum.pdf — apparently within the study of Multiple Personality Disorders (HELLO) there is a whole concept around the ethically dubious (ahem) psych experiments done by docs swept up in Operation Paperclip. ", "Just a cursory scan comes up with reports from several patients (independent of one another, working with different therapists) of experiencing something like internal mechanical processes, as though they were… ROBOTS.", "\n\nOnly had time for a quick skim of the “Greenbaum speech” linked below, but there are some very strong coincidences or resonances…." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

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[ "Evaluation of the effects of hyperbaric oxygen treatment and enoxaparin on left colon anastomosis. ", "An experimental study.", "\nSurgical interventions on left colon lead to high morbidity. ", "The problems in wound healing are the main cause of this morbidity. ", "Hypoxia retards wound healing and hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) has an anti-hypoxic effect. ", "In this experimental study we divided eighty Wistar albino rats into eight groups and numbered between 1 and 8. ", "Normal (non-ischemic) and ischemic left colon anastomosis were performed in the first and second four groups respectively. ", "HBOT and subcutaneous enoxaparin were applied to the groups separately and in combination for four days, except the control groups. (", "Group-1 and Group-5). ", "We measured anastomotic bursting pressures and performed pathological examinations besides electron microscopic study in one sample from each group after sacrificing the rats on the fourth day. ", "There were no statistically significant differences in bursting pressures when we compared Group-1 with other non-ischemic groups, and Group-5 with Group-6, but there were statistically significant differences when we compared Group-5 with Group-7 and 8. ", "In pathological examination, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups concerning necrosis, epithelization, granulation tissue formation and collagen deposition. ", "Statistically significant differences were found in the scores of neovascularization when we compared Group-1 with Group-3 and 4, and Group-5 with Group-8. ", "Electron microscopic evaluation revealed a prominent increase both in neovascularization and collagen fibers in the samples taken from the groups received enoxaparine and hyperbaric oxygen treatment in combination. ", "These findings suggest that HBOT increases neovascularization and bursting pressures in ischemic colon anastomosis in contrast with enoxaparin." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "Pavtube Video Converter Review\n\nWritten by Bonnie\n\nWhen you find your desired content like movies, music videos or any other sort of media online, it isn’t always possible to get them in a convenient file format. ", "Since we have different supported formats for different devices, you would definitely need a solution to convert files into other formats. ", "For instance, you may want to convert a full HD movie in .mkv format to play on your PS4. ", "To do that, you certainly need a video converter.", "\n\nWon't it be awesome if you can have some other capabilities along with the high-speed file conversion? ", "Well, that is what Pavtube Video Converter brings to the stage, in form of a multipurpose video converter suite.", "\n\nIt does not matter whether you are purchasing the full version or just trying out the free trial, the installation process is same. ", "You have to download the setup file from the official site of Pavtube. ", "However, it is essential to have an active internet connection, as the setup downloads files during the process.", "\n\nFunctionality\n\nFunctionality would be of foremost importance when you choose a video converter. ", "In this respect, the solution is a quite reliable one. ", "As we said before, there are four main sections of Pavtube Video Converter, offering better results for each kind of tasks.", "\n\nConverting\n\nThe first and main section is for Converting. ", "Here, you have more than 150 media file formats under your control and file conversion can be done between these formats. ", "Pavtube practically supports any to any video conversion. ", "Hence you do not have to worry about old or new media formats that you might be having.", "\n\nCompatibility of Formats\n\nAs we mentioned earlier, more than 150 media formats are compatible with Pavtube Video Converter and can be useful for almost any purpose. ", "In addition to this, it uses a new compression standard i.e High Efficiency Video Codec (HEVC) H.265. ", "It ensures the same quality video while bring down the size to a noticeable level. ", "So, there is no question asked about the compatibility aspect. ", "When we tested, it was able to cope with all the media formats we stumbled upon. ", "If you are confused with formats, you can select the device and the format will be set automatically.", "\n\nConversion Speed\n\nPavtube claims that Pavtube Video Converter can offer 6x faster conversion for the media files you want to get into another format. ", "In light of our experience, we would say the conversion speed of the tool is just awesome. ", "We tried to convert a 120MB MP4 file into MKV, and the task was finished in less than one minute, which is contrary to the many other video converters we had tried before.", "\n\nPricing\n\nOf course, you cannot have all these features for free! ", "Basically, Pavtube Video Converter is paid tool for video conversion and related tasks. ", "It generally priced at only $35." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

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[ "Q:\n\nPyQt unable to add tableWIdget to existing application\n\nI have an existing application to which I would like to add a table widget. ", "Currently it looks like this:\n\nI am trying to add a PyQt5 table following this tutorial.", "\nMy code is as follows:\nclass App(QMainWindow):\n\ndef __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n self.player = QMediaPlayer() # QMediaPlayer class allows the playing of a media source.", "\n self.playlist = QMediaPlaylist() # QMediaPlaylist class provides a list of media content to play.", "\n self.title = 'PyTunes'\n self.left = 300\n self.top = 300\n self.width = 300\n self.height = 150\n self.color = 0 # 0- toggle to dark 1- toggle to light\n self.userAction = -1 # 0- stopped, 1- playing 2-paused\n self.setup_UI()\n\ndef setup_UI(self):\n # Add file menu\n menubar = self.menuBar()\n filemenu = menubar.addMenu('File')\n windowmenu = menubar.addMenu('Window')\n\n help_act = QAction('Open Help', self)\n folder_act = QAction('Open Folder', self)\n theme_act = QAction('Toggle light/dark theme', self)\n\n folder_act.setShortcut('Ctrl+D')\n help_act.setShortcut('Ctrl+H')\n theme_act.setShortcut('Ctrl+T')\n\n filemenu.addAction(folder_act)\n filemenu.addAction(help_act)\n windowmenu.addAction(theme_act)\n\n help_act.triggered.connect(self.open_help)\n folder_act.triggered.connect(self.add_files)\n theme_act.triggered.connect(self.toggle_colors)\n\n self.add_controls()\n self.createTable()\n\n self.setWindowTitle(self.title)\n self.setGeometry(self.left, self.top, self.width, self.height)\n self.toggle_colors()\n self.show()\n\ndef add_controls(self):\n wid = QWidget(self)\n self.setCentralWidget(wid)\n\n # Add song controls\n volumeslider = QSlider(Qt.", "Horizontal, self)\n volumeslider.setFocusPolicy(Qt.", "NoFocus)\n volumeslider.valueChanged[int].connect(self.change_volume)\n volumeslider.setValue(100)\n\n play_btn = QPushButton('Play') # play button\n pause_btn = QPushButton('Pause') # pause button\n stop_btn = QPushButton('Stop') # stop button\n\n # Add playlist controls\n prev_btn = QPushButton('Prev')\n shuffle_btn = QPushButton('Shuffle')\n next_btn = QPushButton('Next')\n sort_btn = QPushButton('Sort')\n search_btn = QPushButton('Search')\n remove_btn = QPushButton('Remove')\n\n # Add button layouts\n control_area = QVBoxLayout() # centralWidget\n controls = QHBoxLayout()\n playlist_ctrl_layout = QHBoxLayout()\n playlist_func = QHBoxLayout()\n\n # Add buttons to song controls layout\n controls.addWidget(play_btn)\n controls.addWidget(pause_btn)\n controls.addWidget(stop_btn)\n\n # Add buttons to playlist controls layout\n playlist_ctrl_layout.addWidget(prev_btn)\n playlist_ctrl_layout.addWidget(shuffle_btn)\n playlist_ctrl_layout.addWidget(next_btn)\n\n playlist_func.addWidget(sort_btn)\n playlist_func.addWidget(search_btn)\n playlist_func.addWidget(remove_btn)\n\n # Add to vertical layout\n control_area.addLayout(controls)\n control_area.addLayout(playlist_ctrl_layout)\n control_area.addWidget(volumeslider)\n control_area.addLayout(playlist_func)\n\n # control_area.addWidget(QTableWidget) \n # control_area.addWidget(self.tableWidget)\n\n wid.setLayout(control_area)\n\n # Connect each signal to their appropriate function\n play_btn.clicked.connect(self.play_handler)\n pause_btn.clicked.connect(self.pause_handler)\n stop_btn.clicked.connect(self.stop_handler)\n\n prev_btn.clicked.connect(self.prev_song)\n shuffle_btn.clicked.connect(self.shuffle_list)\n next_btn.clicked.connect(self.next_song)\n\n sort_btn.clicked.connect(self.sort_handler)\n search_btn.clicked.connect(self.search_handler)\n remove_btn.clicked.connect(self.remove_handler)\n\n self.statusBar()\n # Signal emitted when current media changes. ", "Call song_changed\n self.playlist.currentMediaChanged.connect(self.song_changed)\n\ndef createTable(self):\n # Create table\n self.tableWidget = QTableWidget()\n self.tableWidget.setRowCount(4)\n self.tableWidget.setColumnCount(2)\n self.tableWidget.setItem(0, 0, QTableWidgetItem(\"Cell (1,1)\"))\n self.tableWidget.setItem(0, 1, QTableWidgetItem(\"Cell (1,2)\"))\n self.tableWidget.setItem(1, 0, QTableWidgetItem(\"Cell (2,1)\"))\n self.tableWidget.setItem(1, 1, QTableWidgetItem(\"Cell (2,2)\"))\n self.tableWidget.setItem(2, 0, QTableWidgetItem(\"Cell (3,1)\"))\n self.tableWidget.setItem(2, 1, QTableWidgetItem(\"Cell (3,2)\"))\n self.tableWidget.setItem(3, 0, QTableWidgetItem(\"Cell (4,1)\"))\n self.tableWidget.setItem(3, 1, QTableWidgetItem(\"Cell (4,2)\"))\n self.tableWidget.move(0, 0)\n\n # table selection change\n self.tableWidget.doubleClicked.connect(self.on_click)\n\n@pyqtSlot()\ndef on_click(self):\n print(\"\\n\")\n for currentQTableWidgetItem in self.tableWidget.selectedItems():\n print(currentQTableWidgetItem.row(), currentQTableWidgetItem.column(), currentQTableWidgetItem.text())\n\nI added the box layout in add_controls() and now I am trying to add the table to the box layout.", "\nI have tried: control_area.addWidget(QTableWidget) but this returns the error:\n\ncontrol_area.addWidget(QTableWidget)\n\nTypeError: addWidget(self, QWidget, stretch: int = 0, alignment: Union[Qt.", "Alignment, Qt.", "AlignmentFlag] = Qt.", "Alignment()): argument 1 has unexpected type 'sip.wrappertype'\n\nI have also tried: control_area.addWidget(self.tableWidget) but this returns the error:\n\ncontrol_area.addWidget(self.tableWidget)\n AttributeError: 'App' object has no attribute 'tableWidget'\n\nAny suggestions on what I am doing wrong and how this can be rectified? ", "Thanks in advance\n\nA:\n\nTry it:\nimport sys\nfrom PyQt5.QtGui import *\nfrom PyQt5.QtWidgets import *\nfrom PyQt5.QtCore import *\nfrom PyQt5.QtMultimedia import QMediaPlayer, QMediaPlaylist\n\nclass App(QMainWindow):\n\n def __init__(self):\n super().__init__()\n self.player = QMediaPlayer() # QMediaPlayer class allows the playing of a media source.", "\n self.playlist = QMediaPlaylist() # QMediaPlaylist class provides a list of media content to play.", "\n self.title = 'PyTunes'\n self.left = 300\n self.top = 300\n self.width = 300\n self.height = 150\n self.color = 0 # 0- toggle to dark 1- toggle to light\n self.userAction = -1 # 0- stopped, 1- playing 2-paused\n\n self.setup_UI()\n\n def setup_UI(self):\n # Add file menu\n menubar = self.menuBar()\n filemenu = menubar.addMenu('File')\n windowmenu = menubar.addMenu('Window')\n\n help_act = QAction('Open Help', self)\n folder_act = QAction('Open Folder', self)\n theme_act = QAction('Toggle light/dark theme', self)\n\n folder_act.setShortcut('Ctrl+D')\n help_act.setShortcut( 'Ctrl+H')\n theme_act.setShortcut( 'Ctrl+T')\n\n filemenu.addAction(folder_act)\n filemenu.addAction(help_act)\n windowmenu.addAction(theme_act)\n\n# help_act.triggered.connect( self.open_help)\n# folder_act.triggered.connect(self.add_files)\n# theme_act.triggered.connect( self.toggle_colors)\n\n self.add_controls()\n\n self.createTable()\n\n self.control_area.addWidget(self.tableWidget) # <===============\n\n self.setWindowTitle(self.title)\n self.setGeometry(self.left, self.top, self.width, self.height)\n#? ", " self.toggle_colors()\n self.show()\n\n def add_controls(self):\n wid = QWidget(self)\n self.setCentralWidget(wid)\n\n # Add song controls\n volumeslider = QSlider(Qt.", "Horizontal, self)\n volumeslider.setFocusPolicy(Qt.", "NoFocus)\n# volumeslider.valueChanged[int].connect(self.change_volume)\n volumeslider.setValue(100)\n\n play_btn = QPushButton('Play') # play button\n pause_btn = QPushButton('Pause') # pause button\n stop_btn = QPushButton('Stop') # stop button\n\n # Add playlist controls\n prev_btn = QPushButton('Prev')\n shuffle_btn = QPushButton('Shuffle')\n next_btn = QPushButton('Next')\n sort_btn = QPushButton('Sort')\n search_btn = QPushButton('Search')\n remove_btn = QPushButton('Remove')\n\n # Add button layouts\n self.control_area = QVBoxLayout() # + self. ", " \n controls = QHBoxLayout()\n playlist_ctrl_layout = QHBoxLayout()\n playlist_func = QHBoxLayout()\n\n # Add buttons to song controls layout\n controls.addWidget(play_btn)\n controls.addWidget(pause_btn)\n controls.addWidget(stop_btn)\n\n # Add buttons to playlist controls layout\n playlist_ctrl_layout.addWidget(prev_btn)\n playlist_ctrl_layout.addWidget(shuffle_btn)\n playlist_ctrl_layout.addWidget(next_btn)\n\n playlist_func.addWidget(sort_btn)\n playlist_func.addWidget(search_btn)\n playlist_func.addWidget(remove_btn)\n\n # Add to vertical layout\n self.control_area.addLayout(controls) # + self. ", "\n self.control_area.addLayout(playlist_ctrl_layout) # + self. ", "\n self.control_area.addWidget(volumeslider) # + self. ", "\n self.control_area.addLayout(playlist_func) # + self. ", "\n\n # control_area.addWidget(QTableWidget) \n # control_area.addWidget(self.tableWidget)\n\n wid.setLayout(self.control_area) # + self. ", "\n\n # Connect each signal to their appropriate function\n# play_btn.clicked.connect(self.play_handler)\n# pause_btn.clicked.connect(self.pause_handler)\n# stop_btn.clicked.connect(self.stop_handler)\n\n# prev_btn.clicked.connect(self.prev_song)\n# shuffle_btn.clicked.connect(self.shuffle_list)\n# next_btn.clicked.connect(self.next_song)\n\n# sort_btn.clicked.connect(self.sort_handler)\n# search_btn.clicked.connect(self.search_handler)\n# remove_btn.clicked.connect(self.remove_handler)\n\n self.statusBar()\n # Signal emitted when current media changes. ", "Call song_changed\n# self.playlist.currentMediaChanged.connect(self.song_changed)\n\n def createTable(self):\n # Create table\n self.tableWidget = QTableWidget()\n self.tableWidget.setRowCount(4)\n self.tableWidget.setColumnCount(2)\n self.tableWidget.setItem(0, 0, QTableWidgetItem(\"Cell (1,1)\"))\n self.tableWidget.setItem(0, 1, QTableWidgetItem(\"Cell (1,2)\"))\n self.tableWidget.setItem(1, 0, QTableWidgetItem(\"Cell (2,1)\"))\n self.tableWidget.setItem(1, 1, QTableWidgetItem(\"Cell (2,2)\"))\n self.tableWidget.setItem(2, 0, QTableWidgetItem(\"Cell (3,1)\"))\n self.tableWidget.setItem(2, 1, QTableWidgetItem(\"Cell (3,2)\"))\n self.tableWidget.setItem(3, 0, QTableWidgetItem(\"Cell (4,1)\"))\n self.tableWidget.setItem(3, 1, QTableWidgetItem(\"Cell (4,2)\"))\n self.tableWidget.move(0, 0)\n\n # table selection change\n self.tableWidget.doubleClicked.connect(self.on_click)\n\n @pyqtSlot()\n def on_click(self):\n print(\"\\n\")\n for currentQTableWidgetItem in self.tableWidget.selectedItems():\n print(currentQTableWidgetItem.row(), \n currentQTableWidgetItem.column(), \n currentQTableWidgetItem.text())\n\nif __name__ == '__main__':\n app = QApplication(sys.argv)\n main = App()\n main.show()\n sys.exit(app.exec_()) \n\n" ]

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[ "The Ultimate AI Gigapixel Tutorial (2020)\n\nIndex\n\nWhat is AI Gigapixel?", "\n\nCompatibility and requirements\n\nGetting started with AI Gigapixel\n\nOptions menu\n\nProcessing settings\n\nOutput settings\n\nFile format settings\n\nUpscaling an image\n\nWhat can you use AI Gigapixel for?", "\n\nTips & tricks\n\nDiscount code\n\nWhat is AI Gigapixel? ", "Gigapixel AI , or AI Gigapixel, is a program made by the company Topaz Labs . ", "They make all sorts of image enhancement and improvement software, with Gigapixel probably being the most impressive of the bunch.", "\n\n\n\n\n\nGraphical representation of an AI neural network\n\nA neural network analyzes thousands of photo pairs (high and low resolution) to \"learn\" how the details in photos usually get lost. ", "This information is then fed into an algorithm, allowing it to “fill in” information in new photos based on what it has learned. ", "This effectively adds new detail to an image.", "\n\n\n\nGigapixel AI uses machine learning to upscale low-resolution images to high-resolution images. ", "Unlike Photoshop it does not just blow up the image giving a blurry looking end result. ", "Instead, the program sharpens the image and fills in new details, making it look like a high-resolution image. ", "It does this by using a neural network.", "A neural network analyzes thousands of photo pairs (high and low resolution) to \"learn\" how the details in photos usually get lost. ", "This information is then fed into an algorithm, allowing it to “fill in” information in new photos based on what it has learned. ", "This effectively adds new detail to an image.", "\n\nCompatibility and requirements\n\nGigapixel AI only supports Windows (7, 8, 10 64-bit support only) and Mac (macOS 10.12, 10.13, 10.14). ", "If you are using Linux, I suggest you use an alternative like ESRGAN.", "\n\n\n\nThe program requirements are quite high when it comes to memory (system RAM) and your graphics card (GPU RAM).", "\n\nMinimum Recommended Optimal System RAM 8 GB 16 GB 32 GB GPU RAM 2 GB 4 GB 6 GB+\n\n\n\nGetting started with AI Gigapixel There is a free 30-day trial available for Gigapixel AI, which you can get here. ", "After the trial has ended it normally costs $99.99 for a lifetime license. ", "If you want a 15% discount, be sure to check out the discount code at the bottom of this blog.", "\n\nOnce you have the program downloaded and installed, start it up. ", "You will be greeted by the following screen:\n\nClick to view at full size\n\nTo start upscaling an image, click the Open button or drag-and-drop one or multiple images into the window. ", "The image(s) will load and it will look something like this:\n\nClick to view at full size\n\n\n\n\n\nWith the Preview button, you can toggle a preview window. ", "This preview is useful for helping you finetune the upscaling settings. ", "Do take into account that the preview uses a lower quality upscale than the actual upscaling does, so the preview can look a bit worse than the end result.", "\n\n\n\nYou can use the Clear All button to remove the images from the queue. ", "You can also remove individual images from the queue by clicking the X next to the image.", "\n\n\n\nNow that you know how to add images and remove to the upscaling queue, I will tell you about the options menu first.", "\n\nOptions menu Before we start, you will want to make sure you have all of the program's options set up as you want them.", "\n\n\n\nTo open the options menu, click on File>Preferences at the top of the window. ", "Now, what do all these settings mean?", "\n\nAllow anonymous data collection When set to yes, computer configuration, application performance, and anonymous usage data will be collected and sent to Topaz Labs. ", "The data helps them to improve their software by understanding how it is used. ", "Personal data such as image files or file names are never collected or sent.", "\n\nWhat you do with this setting is up to you personally.", "\n\nShow product tour on startup This is on the first time you will start up Gigapixel. ", "It gives you a quick explanation about the program, every time you start the program. ", "You will probably turn this mini-tutorial off when you have gotten used to the program.", "\n\nOpen preview panel when first image is loaded When you load images into the program, a preview panel will pop-up automatically. ", "This shows you how the upscale will look with the current settings. ", "A helpful option, that you will probably want to leave on.", "\n\nProcess images as a background task I honestly cannot figure out what this does. ", "It is set to Yes by default, so just keep it on.", "\n\nUse maximum quality AI models Select Yes for the best possible results. ", "Using this mode will take more time to process each image. ", "If you would prefer faster processing with a slight reduction in quality, select No.", "\n\n\n\nYou will most likely always want this set to Yes. ", "Either you want to test how good something will look when testing settings or you will want to have the best quality possible for use in your project.", "\n\n\n\nThe following three settings under Advanced are determined by Gigapixel on startup, so you probably do not need to change them.", "\n\nProcessing mode If your computer has a dedicated graphics card (almost always the case), select GPU for fastest results. ", "If your computer does not have a dedicated graphics card or your graphics card is not supported, select CPU instead. ", "CPU mode will take more time process each image.", "\n\n\n\nIf your computer does not have a dedicated graphics card, it is probably not up to the task of upscaling anyway.", "\n\nAllowed graphics memory consumption This setting determines how much graphics memory is used. ", "This is by default set to Medium, although you can try out High and see if you get a speed boost.", "\n\n\n\nIf your system experiences crashes while processing, try sticking to the Medium or Low setting to reduce graphics memory consumption. ", "Close other programs that consume graphics memory such as video games or other photo editing programs as well.", "\n\nIntel optimization If you choose “Yes”, it will optimize 6th-10th generation Intel CPUs and Intel iGPUs for Gigapixel. ", "If you still have very high-performance desktop GPUs (e.g., NVIDIA 1080), “Enable dedicated GPU” (Yes) option will be the best choice. ", "However, if you have a relatively better Intel CPUs or Intel iGPUs than low-performance GPU, you will see faster performance on Intel optimization (Yes) option.", "\n\nNow that we have everything set up right, we will move onto the various upscaling settings. ", "Close the options menu and take a look at the right side of the screen. ", "How many images you can load into the program in one go depends on your PC's specs. ", "It can be thousands, tens of thousands, etc. ", "You will just have to find out for yourself.", "With the Preview button, you can toggle a preview window. ", "This preview is useful for helping you finetune the upscaling settings. ", "Do take into account that the preview uses a lower quality upscale than the actual upscaling does, so the preview can look a bit worse than the end result.", "You can use the Clear All button to remove the images from the queue. ", "You can also remove individual images from the queue by clicking the X next to the image.", "Now that you know how to add images and remove to the upscaling queue, I will tell you about the options menu first.", "To open the options menu, click on File>Preferences at the top of the window. ", "Now, what do all these settings mean?When set to yes, computer configuration, application performance, and anonymous usage data will be collected and sent to Topaz Labs. ", "The data helps them to improve their software by understanding how it is used. ", "Personal data such as image files or file names are never collected or sent.", "What you do with this setting is up to you personally.", "This is on the first time you will start up Gigapixel. ", "It gives you a quick explanation about the program, every time you start the program. ", "You will probably turn this mini-tutorial off when you have gotten used to the program.", "When you load images into the program, a preview panel will pop-up automatically. ", "This shows you how the upscale will look with the current settings. ", "A helpful option, that you will probably want to leave on.", "I honestly cannot figure out what this does. ", "It is set to Yes by default, so just keep it on.", "Select Yes for the best possible results. ", "Using this mode will take more time to process each image. ", "If you would prefer faster processing with a slight reduction in quality, select No.", "You will most likely always want this set to Yes. ", "Either you want to test how good something will look when testing settings or you will want to have the best quality possible for use in your project.", "The following three settings under Advanced are determined by Gigapixel on startup, so you probably do not need to change them.", "If your computer has a dedicated graphics card (almost always the case), select GPU for fastest results. ", "If your computer does not have a dedicated graphics card or your graphics card is not supported, select CPU instead. ", "CPU mode will take more time process each image.", "If your computer does not have a dedicated graphics card, it is probably not up to the task of upscaling anyway.", "This setting determines how much graphics memory is used. ", "This is by default set to Medium, although you can try out High and see if you get a speed boost.", "If your system experiences crashes while processing, try sticking to the Medium or Low setting to reduce graphics memory consumption. ", "Close other programs that consume graphics memory such as video games or other photo editing programs as well.", "Now that we have everything set up right, we will move onto the various upscaling settings. ", "Close the options menu and take a look at the right side of the screen.", "\n\nProcessing settings\n\nUpscale by Scale You can select from a set of predetermined scales (0.5x, 2x, 4x, and 6x) or you can put in a custom scale between 0.2x and 6x. ", "Upscaling an image, then upscaling it again to get an upscale factor above 6x does not really work. ", "There are diminishing returns and you lose a lot of detail. ", "Upscale by Width/Height You can also scale by width or height and there is a drop-down menu that gives you the options to upscale to pixels, inches, and centimeters. ", "Upscaling to the width/height in pixels is ideal if you want to upscale video to a certain resolution (SD to 4K). ", "Upscaling to inches/centimeters is most useful if you want to upscale something for use in print. ", "Settings (Manual/Auto) You can choose between an automatic mode, or manually change the processing settings. ", "Auto mode analyzes the image and chooses suitable Suppress Noise/Remove Blur values for you. ", "For simple upscales this is usually sufficient, but images that need more work need some manual adjustment. ", "Suppress Noise If you have an image with a lot of image noise, compression artifacts or film grain and you want this removed in the upscaled image, then use the Suppress Noise slider. ", "Move it around until you get a satisfying result.", "\n\n\n\nBelow you can see the difference of Suppress Noise at 0.0 and at 1.0.", "\n\nClick to view at full size Remove Blur The Remove Blur slider can help you sharpen an image. ", "If there are a lot of distinct lines in the image, this can help make it sharper and less blurry. ", "Move the slider around until you get a satisfying result.", "\n\n\n\nBelow you can see the difference of Remove Blur at 0.0 and at 1.0.", "\n\nClick to view at full size\n\nFace Refinement\n\n\n\nSee the difference between turning Face Refinement on and off in the example below:\n\n\n\nClick to view at full size\n\nFaces are tricky to upscale, as there are a lot more variations than lets says brick or wood. ", "If you set this to on, it will take a little bit more time to upscale but the results are better. ", "Face refinement is only useful in group photos, where people’s faces are but a small part of the entire image. ", "If the image is a portrait of a person, this feature does not need to be used.", "See the difference between turning Face Refinement on and off in the example below: Output settings Save To Choose the folder to save the upscaled image to, by clicking the Browse button.", "\n\nOutput Filename Here you can input a prefix or suffix to add to the file name of an upscaled image. ", "A prefix is added in front of the filename, a suffix is added to the end of the filename. ", "Choose the folder to save the upscaled image to, by clicking the Browse button.", "\n\n\n\n\n\nFile format settings\n\nConvert File Format\n\nConvert Files To\n\nJPG/JPEG (lossy format, small file size)\n\nTIF/TIFF (lossless format, large file size, supports transparency)\n\nPNG (lossless format, medium file size, supports transparency)\n\nImage Quality/Compression\n\nJPG/JPEG\n\nLow\n\nMedium\n\nHigh\n\nMaximum\n\nTIF/TIFF\n\nNone\n\nLZW\n\nZip\n\n8-bit\n\n16-bit\n\nPNG\n\nFast\n\nNormal\n\nSlow\n\nKeep Color Profile\n\nProPhoto RGB\n\nsRGB\n\nAdobe RGB\n\nApple RGB\n\nWide-gamut RGB\n\n\n\n\n\nUpscaling an image\n\nNow that you have all of the upscale settings the way you want, you can move onto the actual upscale process. ", "In the bottom right of the screen, you will see two buttons: Stop and Start.", "\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nClick Start to start the upscaling process. ", "How long this takes depends on your PC and the number of images you want to upscale. ", "Upscaling one image should only take a few seconds, but the more images you upscale the longer it will take.", "\n\n\n\n\n\nIf you want to stop upscaling, you can just press the Stop button. ", "Gigapixel AI will finish upscaling the image it is currently working on but after that, it will stop.", "\n\nWhat can you use AI Gigapixel for?", "\n\nUpscaling older digital photos\n\nClick to view comparison\n\nMake posters from low-resolution images\n\nClick to view comparison\n\nProfessional photography\n\nClick to view comparison\n\nUpscale video game graphics\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nUpscaling low-resolution video\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nMake desktop wallpapers\n\nClick to view comparison\n\nTips & tricks\n\nGigapixel AI is still very much in development. ", "There can be changes in upscaling output between versions of the program. ", "If you want consistency in your project do not update to a newer version of the software until you are done with the project.", "\n\nIf you want to upscale video game graphics, I suggest you download the previous version (3.1.1) here. ", "It's what I use for my Remako mod and gives better results for those kinds of images than 4.4.0+ versions.", "\n\nWhen you do a project where you are going to do a lot of images in bulk (upscaling a video or game textures), start off with a representative sample of this full project. ", "You do not want to upscale entire film scenes and find out the setting you chose worked for the close-up, but not for the long shot. ", "Experimenting at the start makes sure you will not have to redo large parts of your project in the end.", "\n\nGigapixel AI is great, but it cannot do everything. ", "Do not be afraid to do the first pass with Gigapixel AI and then do some manual touchups in another program later.", "\n\n\n\n\n\nDiscount code\n\nCAPTROBAU15\n\nLast updated: 01-01-2020 | Tutorial for Gigapixel AI version 4.4.0+People have been asking me to share more about Gigapixel, the AI-powered program that I use for my AI-powered upscaling projects, such as FF7 Remako Mod and DS9 Enhanced. ", "While I have written a tutorial on how to upscale video using AI Gigapixel, I felt there is a need for a more general use tutorial.", "Since there are not many tutorials for Gigapixel, I have decided to make the ultimate tutorial. ", "I will be reviewing the program’s features, its various settings and options, best practices and more.", "If you are looking to purchase AI Gigapixel, I also havethat you can use. ", "So keep on reading if you are interested in that.", "You have two options, Yes and No. ", "If the current file format is sufficient keep it set to No. ", "If you want to export as a different file format, change it to Yes. ", "Once you do a couple of extra options will pop up.", "Here you can choose the file format you can export the upscaled image as. ", "You can choose between:A lossy format like JPG/JPEG is best for situations where you have a lot of images, for example when upscaling the thousands of frames of a video. ", "When you need transparency or maximum image quality, for example when for games or for print, then I suggest you use PNG.Depending on the file format chose you will get several options that determine image quality/compression.", "Image Quality:Unless file size is a major factor, I suggest choosing Maximum when saving as JPG/JPEG. ", "You are upscaling to get a more detailed image, so limiting them in image quality feels like a waste.", "Compression:and:Compression is always recommended, as there is no loss in quality. ", "With 16-bit color depth ZIP is recommended, but with 8-bit both ZIP or LZW are good choices.", "Compression:For most situations, Fast compression is the best option.", "When you choose the JPG/JPEG file format you can change the color profile of the image. ", "Unless you specifically need another color profile, I suggest you keep it to Yes. ", "This saves a bit of time when upscaling.", "There are multiple color profile options:Knowing all of these features and settings is all well and good, but what can you use AI Gigapixel for? ", "Here are some examples.", "Nowadays your average phone will come with dozens of megapixels, giving you incredibly high-resolution photos, but back in the 00s or early 10s, you were lucky if you had 2 megapixels. ", "Gigapixel can be used to upscale these photos to a higher resolution, making them more enjoyable in this age of high-resolution screens and TVs.", "Have a low-resolution photo from your collection that you want to turn into a physical poster? ", "With Gigapixel you can easily do that.", "If you are a professional photographer, you are likely to have expensive equipment that shoots at a very high resolution. ", "Still, there are situations where Gigapixel can help out. ", "Maybe you want to use a small section of a larger photo but this section is too low-res. ", "With Gigapixel you can blow up its resolution, giving you a sharp and detailed end result.", "Gigapixel works very well with video game graphics. ", "Whether it be pre-rendered backgrounds or textures, Gigapixel can help you upscale them. ", "Upscaling an older game’s graphics using machine learning can make a lot of difference, as shown by my mod Remako for Final Fantasy VII.The 90s saw the rise of digital video. ", "This gave rise to home videos and it made television shows a lot cheaper to produce, but it came at a cost. ", "Unlike physical film, digital video cannot be scanned in at a higher resolution. ", "Gigapixel can help with that, by upscaling each individual frame to a higher resolution. ", "I have made a tutorial on how to extract digital video, upscale it and put it back together (with the original audio).In the example below, you see my small project DS9 Enhanced in which I have upscaled clips from Star Trek: Deep Space Nine from SD to 4K.One final use that I have found for Gigapixel AI is using it to upscale smaller images to a resolution suitable for desktop wallpapers. ", "I have upscaled stills from Studio Ghibli films and other animes into beautiful desktop backgrounds. ", "Here is an example:You can download this wallpaper here You now know the basics of Gigapixel AI. ", "Before you go off and start your first project, I have a couple of tips & tricks to help make your work easier:There is a free 30-day trial available for Gigapixel AI, so you can try it out for yourself. ", "After the trial has ended it normally costs $99.99 for a lifetime license. ", "While I think it is worth every penny, I can imagine that price might be a bit pricey for some, especially if you are just an amateur using it for your hobbies. ", "Luckily I have a discount code that you can use:With this code, you can get a 15% discount on not just AI Gigapixel, but any of the other Topaz Labs products. ", "This includes:If you are interested in all of those products and Gigapixel AI, I recommend you get the AI Bundle as this combo deal can be combined with my discount code for even more savings.", "Using the code is easy. ", "Just enter the codeduring checkout. ", "If you use this discount code, I will get a small share of the sale. ", "So not only will you get to pay less, but you will also get to support me. ", "A win-win if you ask me.", "If you have any comments or questions after reading this tutorial, please reply below." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

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[ "(-2/7)*(y*(y/y**(-1/8))/y*(y*y**(-3/5))/y)/(y/y**(2/3)*y*y**(-1)) assuming y is positive.", "\ny**(-3943/840)\nSimplify a**(-2/31)/(a*a**(-3/4))*((a*a*a/a**(-6)*a)/a)/a**(2/13)*a**(-5)/a**6*(a*a/a**(1/4))**(3/10) assuming a is positive.", "\na**(-31327/16120)\nSimplify (((q*q*q/(q**(-1/10)/q))/q*q*q)/(q*q**14*q))**26*(q/(q**4*q))/(q*q/(q*((q/(q*q**(-1/16)))/q)/q))*(q/((q**(-8)/q)/q*q))/(q/q**5) assuming q is positive.", "\nq**(-22107/80)\nSimplify (j**40*j*j*(j*j**(1/41)/j*j)/j)/(j*j/(j/j**(3/13))*j*j*j**7/j) assuming j is positive.", "\nj**(17479/533)\nSimplify ((((h/((h/h**(-22/5))/h)*h)/(h**(-4/7)*h))**26)**(-5/2))**(-44) assuming h is positive.", "\nh**(-56628/7)\nSimplify (v**2*(v**5/v)/v)**(1/27)*(v*v*v*v/v**(1/3))**21*v**(-1)/(v/v**(2/17)*v) assuming v is positive.", "\nv**(34105/459)\nSimplify ((f/(f*f**(3/10)))/f**(2/7))/((f*f*(f/(f**3*f))/f)/(f*(f**(1/5)*f)/f))*((f/(f/(f/f**(3/7))*f))/f**(-1/2))**4 assuming f is positive.", "\nf**(29/10)\nSimplify (h*(h*h**10)/h)**(-16)*(h**(2/15)*h)/h*h**40/h assuming h is positive.", "\nh**(-2053/15)\nSimplify (p**6*p**(3/7)*(p**(-2/5))**(-36))/((p**(2/7))**(-3/26)*(p**(2/3))**(-22)) assuming p is positive.", "\np**(6928/195)\nSimplify ((t**3)**(9/4))**(-21)/((((t*t**1*t*t)/t)/(((t*t/((t/t**(-9/4))/t))/t)/t))/((t*t/(t*(t*t**4)/t))/t**(-4/9))) assuming t is positive.", "\nt**(-1346/9)\nSimplify (x**(1/4)*x)/x**(4/7)*x*x*x**(-1/9)*x*x*x*x/((x**2/x)/x)*x**3*x*x**2*(x/(x/x**(-3/2)))/(x*x*x**(-2/5)) assuming x is positive.", "\nx**(11929/1260)\nSimplify ((a*a/a**(-1)*a)**(-19))**50/(a**(3/2)/a**(-3/5))**(3/43) assuming a is positive.", "\na**(-1634063/430)\nSimplify ((((z*z/z**(7/4))/z)/(z*z/z**(-8)))/(z/(z/(z**(-1)/z)))**(-34))**(3/8) assuming z is positive.", "\nz**(-945/32)\nSimplify ((c*c**(2/9))/(c**(1/5)*c))**48/((c**(5/4)*c*c*c**(-7)*c*c*c)/(c*c**(-2))**(-50)) assuming c is positive.", "\nc**(3109/60)\nSimplify (((x*(x*(x**(3/8)*x)/x*x)/x)/x)/x*x*x/((x*x*x/(x/(x*x**1)*x))/x))**(1/18)*(x**0*x**(2/3)*x)/(x**(1/3))**(-32/3) assuming x is positive.", "\nx**(755/144)\nSimplify ((f**0/f)**(-37)/(f**0/f)**20)/(((f*f**1*f)/f)**(-2/43))**48 assuming f is positive.", "\nf**(2643/43)\nSimplify (((t/t**0)/t*t*t*t)**11/((t*t**6)/t**(-2/21)))/(((t**(-2/5)/t)/t)/t**(-3/2)*t**(5/2)/(t**(-6)/t)) assuming t is positive.", "\nt**(1817/105)\nSimplify s**(-9)*s**(-6/11)/s*(s**1)**(5/7)*((s*s**(-2/5))**(-47))**21 assuming s is positive.", "\ns**(-231782/385)\nSimplify (t**16/(t*t*t**(-2/11))*t**(5/3)/(t**(-1)/t))**(-2/17) assuming t is positive.", "\nt**(-1178/561)\nSimplify (((a**(1/4)/a)**(-4/9)/(a*a/a**(-1/6))**(-7))**(-4/13))**(13/3) assuming a is positive.", "\na**(-62/3)\nSimplify (h**(-1/5)/h*(h/(h**2/h))/h*h**(-2/3)*h**(1/13))/(h/h**(-2)*(h**(-2/17)*h)/h*(h*h**(-2)*h)/(h/(h**3*h))) assuming h is positive.", "\nh**(-28748/3315)\nSimplify (p**5/(p*p**(-3/2)*p*p))/(p**(-2/7))**(5/8)*((p/p**(-2/13))/p**(-1/4))/(p*p**(2/17)/p*p**(-1)*p) assuming p is positive.", "\np**(15361/3094)\nSimplify ((q**(-2/5))**(-13/7)/(q**(-7)*q*(q**(-3/2)*q)/q))/(((q*q**(-3)/q)/q)**40)**43 assuming q is positive.", "\nq**(482177/70)\nSimplify ((k**0*k)**(1/17)*(k*k*k**(-1)*k)**(-27))/(((k**1*k)/((k*k/(k**(-2/5)*k))/k))/(k**5/(k*k*k*k**(-6)*k))) assuming k is positive.", "\nk**(-4126/85)\nSimplify ((s*s/s**(-3))/(s**(-1)/s)*((s/(s**5/s))/s)/s**8)/(s*s*s*s**(-9/7)*s**(-1))**(-42) assuming s is positive.", "\ns**25\nSimplify (f/(f**(-4)*f)*f**(-7)*f**(-6)*f/(f**(-4)*f)*f*f)/((f**0/f*f**(1/10))/(f*f*f*f**(2/3)*f*f*f*f/f**(-3/8)*f*f)) assuming f is positive.", "\nf**(953/120)\nSimplify (g/(g**(-1/38)/g)*g**(3/11))/(g**37/g*g**(2/79)) assuming g is positive.", "\ng**(-1113709/33022)\nSimplify (b*b**(-1/4)/b)/(b/(b/b**(-17)))*(b**(-4/17)*b)/(b*b/((b/(b*((b/(b/(b*b*b**36)))/b)/b))/b)*b) assuming b is positive.", "\nb**(-1529/68)\nSimplify ((k**(-20)*k**(-13))/((k*k**(-12)/k*k)/(k**4*k)))**29 assuming k is positive.", "\nk**(-493)\nSimplify ((p**(-2))**(-3/22)*(p*p/((p*(p*p**(-1/5))/p)/p)*p)**(10/17))**42 assuming p is positive.", "\np**(16926/187)\nSimplify (((x/x**(12/5))/x)/(x/x**(-1/38)))/(x/(x/(x*x/(x**(-1/4)*x)*x))*x*x**(4/3)) assuming x is positive.", "\nx**(-9131/1140)\nSimplify ((b*b**0*b)**(8/9)*(b/(((b*b**5/b)/b*b)/b))/(b*b**(-3/4)))**(-2/19) assuming b is positive.", "\nb**(53/342)\nSimplify (z**(-1/4)/z)/z**(2/5)*z*z**(-5)*z*z**2*(z**0)**(7/8)*(z**1)**47 assuming z is positive.", "\nz**(887/20)\nSimplify (i**(1/2)*i)**(-38)*(i*(i/(i*i**4))/i)/(i**(1/8)*i)*((i/i**(1/3))/i*i*i**6/i)**(3/20) assuming i is positive.", "\ni**(-2451/40)\nSimplify (z**(-8)*z*z*z/z**(-5)*z)**(-43)/((z/z**5)/((z*((z**1*z*z*z)/z)/z*z)/z))**43 assuming z is positive.", "\nz**258\nSimplify ((s/((s**1*s)/s))**(-31)*s**(2/15)*s**1*s)/((s/s**4)/s**(-4/3))**(-40) assuming s is positive.", "\ns**(-968/15)\nSimplify a*(a*a/(a**(5/3)*a*a))/a*a**(-1/14)*a/(a/(a*a**(-9)*a)*a*a)*a**(5/6)*(a*a**(-1))**(-13)*(a**(2/7))**(-44) assuming a is positive.", "\na**(-472/21)\nSimplify (n**(1/2)/n*n*n/(n/(n/(n/(n*n*n*n/(n/n**(4/3)))))))**(-1/8)*(n**(-6)*n**15)**(-1/56) assuming n is positive.", "\nn**(-257/336)\nSimplify (m**(-2)/(m*(m*m**(2/5)*m*m)/m))**(7/4)*m**(-6)/m**5*((m*m/(m/((m**(-3/4)*m)/m))*m*m)/m)/((m*m**4)/m) assuming m is positive.", "\nm**(-116/5)\nSimplify (((q/(q*q**1*q))**35/(((q*q*q/((q**(-1/7)*q*q)/q*q))/q)/((((q**(1/7)/q)/q)/q)/q*q)))**(3/8))**(-4) assuming q is positive.", "\nq**(219/2)\nSimplify h/h**0*h**(-4/3)/h*h*(h*h**(-2/5))**(-1/4)*(h*h/(h*(h/(h*h**(-2/5)*h))/h)*h**(-1/3))/(h**(-3/7)*h**3) assuming h is positive.", "\nh**(-331/420)\nSimplify (((d/(d**(1/2)/d))/d)**26*d**(-6)/d**6)/((d**(-1/7)/d**(2/11))/(d**1)**31) assuming d is positive.", "\nd**(2489/77)\nSimplify (((r**(-2/11)*r)/r)**(-2/97))**46/((r/(r**1*r))**(3/26)*r*(r**(2/7)/r)/r*r**(-8)) assuming r is positive.", "\nr**(1748157/194194)\nSimplify (((j/j**(1/4)*j)**(-14)*j**6*j**6/j*j)**(-37))**(-45) assuming j is positive.", "\nj**(-41625/2)\nSimplify ((z/(((z*z/(z/(z**2*z)))/z)/z))/(z**(-2/9)/z*z))**(-2/17)*(z**(-6)*z)/z*z**(1/7)/z*(z/z**(1/3))**43 assuming z is positive.", "\nz**(23456/1071)\nSimplify (h**1/(h**2*h))/((h*h**(-1/2))/h)**(-45)*(h/h**(-1/2)*(h**5*h)/h)/(h**(1/2)*h*h**(2/5)) assuming h is positive.", "\nh**(-199/10)\nSimplify (((m**(1/10)/m**(3/8))**(1/2))**(-19))**(-2/95) assuming m is positive.", "\nm**(-11/200)\nSimplify (l*(l**(4/9)*l)/l*l*(l**(-25)/l)/l)/(l**(-1/5)*l/l**4) assuming l is positive.", "\nl**(-961/45)\nSimplify ((v*v/(v**(-17)*v)*v*v**24*v)/((v**12*v)/v)**(-1/32))**14 assuming v is positive.", "\nv**(2485/4)\nSimplify ((m**(1/5)/(m**(1/8)/m))/(m*m**(2/9)*m*m)**(-19/4))/((((m**4*m*m)/m)/(m*m*m**(-5)))/(m/((m*m**(-1/4))/m)*m*m*m**(-3/4)/m)) assuming m is positive.", "\nm**(3557/360)\nSimplify c**(-5/3)/(c*(c*c**4)/c)*c**6/c**(-1/5)*(c**(2/3)/c)**(3/50)/(c*c*c/(c/(c/(c/(c**(-2)/c*c)))))**(-4/13) assuming c is positive.", "\nc**(-73/150)\nSimplify (((c**(-2/11)*c*c)**38/(c/((c*c**11)/c)*c*c*c**3*c*c))**(3/10))**(-1/9) assuming c is positive.", "\nc**(-793/330)\nSimplify l**(4/7)*l/(l**(-1/2)/l)*(l/(l*l*l/l**(-1/2)*l)*l)**(7/8)*(l/(l*(l*l*l**0*l*l)/l)*l**(2/17))**(-5/9) assuming l is positive.", "\nl**(42587/17136)\nSimplify (((t/t**(-4/7))/t)**(2/79)*t**18/t*t**(-3/4)/t)**(-16/3) assuming t is positive.", "\nt**(-45020/553)\nSimplify (m**(-8)/m**(-8))**(-16/7)/(((m*m/(m**(-7/3)*m)*m*m)/m**6)/(m/(m*m/(((m/m**(2/7))/m)/m)*m*m)*m**(-5))) assuming m is positive.", "\nm**(-181/21)\nSimplify (o**1/o*o*o**(3/5)*(o/o**(-5/6)*o)/o*o**4/o)/(o*((o**8*o)/o)/o*o**(-3/4))**(7/5) assuming o is positive.", "\no**(-223/60)\nSimplify (o**(2/17)*o*(o**(-4/7)*o)/o*o)**(2/49)/(o**(-4)/(o*o**(-8))*o**(2/19)*o*o**2) assuming o is positive.", "\no**(-669404/110789)\nSimplify ((b*b**23*b)**(3/35)/((b**(-2/117)*b)/b**(2/39)))**(-48) assuming b is positive.", "\nb**(-15872/273)\nSimplify (p**(3/4)*p**(-4)*p*p*p*p)**(-6/25)/(p**8/(p*(((((p**(-4/3)/p)/p*p)/p)/p*p*p*p)/p)/p))**(-1/2) assuming p is positive.", "\np**(374/75)\nSimplify ((i/i**7*i*i**27*i)/((i/i**(1/5))/(i*i*i*i*i**10*i)))**(-1/12) assuming i is positive.", "\ni**(-31/10)\nSimplify ((w**(-4/5)/w*w)/w**(-38))/(w*w**(-26)*w*w**(-7/5)) assuming w is positive.", "\nw**(313/5)\nSimplify (o**(-1))**(5/9)*(o**(1/4)*o)/(o/(o/(o*(o**(-2/3)*o)/o))*o)*(((o*(o*o*o**6)/o)/o)/o*o**(-1/9)/o*o)**(12/13) assuming o is positive.", "\no**(2245/468)\nSimplify ((b*b**2)/(b**(-13)*b))/(b*b*(b*b**(-2/21)*b)/b*b)**(-7) assuming b is positive.", "\nb**(127/3)\nSimplify (s**(2/9)*s*((s**1/s)/s)/s)**(2/71)/(s**(-1/2)/s**5*(s*((s*s*s**4)/s)/s)/s**(-3)) assuming s is positive.", "\ns**(-3223/1278)\nSimplify (t*t/t**(-6/17))/(t*t/(t*t" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "DM Mathematics" }

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[ "The relationship of the Rorschach Schizophrenia Index to psychotic features in a child psychiatric sample.", "\nIn this study we investigated the reliability and validity of the Rorschach Schizophrenia Index (SCZI) from Exner's (1978, 1993) Comprehensive System for a sample of 413 child psychiatric inpatients by examining relationships with the Personality Inventory for Children-Revised (PIC-R) and chart diagnoses. ", "Interscorer reliability and internal consistency were acceptable. ", "Multivariate analyses of variance results revealed significantly different PIC-R profiles for those with and without elevated SCZI scores, with significant differences emerging on the PIC-R Psychosis (PSY) scale and 2 cognitive triad scales (Intellectual Screening and Development), which have been reported to be more frequently elevated in PIC-R profiles of children with psychotic disorders. ", "Significant differences were found across SCZI groups for the PSY scale, Reality Distortion scale, reality testing critical items and chart diagnoses of psychotic disorder. ", "Implications for clinical interpretation of the SCZI with children and issues for further research with this population are discussed." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "Abjuration of poperie, by Thomas Abernethie: sometime Iesuite, but now penitent sinner, and an unworthie member of the true reformed Church of God in Scotland, at Edinburgh, in the Gray-frier church, the 24. ", "of August, 1638. (", "Edinburgh : In King Iames his College, by George Anderson, 1638)\n\nLectures upon the whole Epistle of St. Paul to the Philippians (Airay); bound with: A Commentary upon the Epistle of St. Paul to the Colossians (Cartwright) (Edinburgh : James Nichol, 1864) / added author(s): Thomas Cartwright\n\nA defence of the church-government, faith, worship & spirit of the Presbyterians : in answer to a late book intituled, An apology for Mr Thomas Rhind, or, An account of the manner how and the reasons for which he separated from the Presbyterian party and embraced the communion of the Church" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

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[ "Gala night celebrates Zietlow, Kwik Trip family\n\nLAS VEGAS-- Under a canopy of glass globes on the reception floor and in the grand ballroom of the Mandarin Oriental hotel, 375 attendees--donning suits and ties for the men and sequined gowns for the ladies--gathered to celebrate the successes of Don Zietlow, his family and the entire Kwik Trip convenience store chain.", "\n\nAs CSP's 2012 Retail Leader of the Year, Zietlow's accomplishments, so interwoven with the energy, talent and experience of his Kwik Trip team, were documented and honored at the annual gala event. ", "The La Crosse, Wis.-based chain of 420 stores rose above all others this year for its accomplishments in vertical integration, foodservice commitment and devotion to its people and culture of \"making a difference\" in the lives of others.", "\n\nAt the pre-dinner reception, industry peer Sonja Hubbard, CEO of E-Z Mart Stores Inc., Texarkana, Texas, said, \"Don is so willing to share … he's so humble. ", "It's all about his team. ", "He gives them full credit and truly recognizes their value.\"", "\n\n\"He's an inspiration to all retailers,\" said Bill Douglass, head of Douglass Distributing, Sherman, Texas. \"", "He's focused and dedicated.\"", "\n\nCSP Business Media honored Zietlow and the Kwik Trip chain--known locally for its $1 Wednesday cheeseburgers, glazed doughnuts and fresh fruit, with a special corner on bananas--at the formal awards dinner this past Monday, the second evening of the annual NACS convention.", "\n\nHaving roots early in his career as a driver with a trucking company, Zietlow understood full well the hardship of a low-wage, back-breaking job. ", "The long hours and manual labor gave him the drive to not only improve his own standing, but to give others the right to a fair wage for hard work.", "\n\nWith a devotion to what many simply call the \"Golden Rule,\" he set his sights on building a company that would ultimately serve both the community and its employees.", "\n\nSuch sentiments were highlighted as his son, Steve Zietlow, who also works with his father in Kwik Trip management, took the stage with sister Vicky Kunz and brother Scott Zietlow to accept the Retail Leader honor.", "\n\nSteve Zietlow called the award an honor for the entire Kwik Trip team, with his father keeping the business focused on people. ", "But he also revealed a bit of his father's competitive edge. ", "In a quick anecdote, he recalled when he and his father were waiting for a shuttle during a NACS show in New Orleans and deciding to kill some time at a nearby casino.", "\n\nThe two started winning and decided to push the time to see how long their winning streak would last. ", "They kept looking back and forth from their watches to their winnings.", "\n\n\"Let's just say I'm sure there's a lot of nice c-stores in New Orleans,\" Steve Zietlow said. \"", "But we haven't seen any of them.\"", "\n\nAnd yet while a competitive person, \"as much as he loves to win, what's more important to him is seeing others do well.\"", "\n\nHis children then called their father up to the stage. \"", "We're in a great business--all our models are different, but we can be successful,\" Don Zietlow said. \"", "We've been able to grow to be profitable and share with our people. ", "It's been a great evening for my family, my wife [LaVonne] and I. We're in a great industry … you make a difference.\"", "\n\nAttendees also viewed a prepared video documenting Zietlow's accomplishments and the history behind Kwik Trip. ", "The video documented his career, which included time in the grocery business, giving him a unique perspective when he eventually took ownership of Kwik Trip, along with a business partner, in 1972. ", "Not only would the c-store industry cycle back from a fuel focus to one of foodservice and grocery, but Zietlow brought along the expertise of executives from his time as a grocer, many of whom are tenured leaders at Kwik Trip today. ", "With like-thinkers at the helm, Kwik Trip's foundation was firmly set.", "\n\nAll along the way, Zietlow never lost sight its main asset: people. ", "As a testament to that belief, Zietlow and his family arranged for an employee-benefit package that meant 40% of annual profits--almost unheard of in the industry--would be returned to employees. ", "That evolved even further to include profits from the company's property.", "\n\nThough keen on the need to take care of his employees, Zietlow knew that success in business meant knowing what the customer wanted and coming up with the best, most efficient way to deliver. ", "For Kwik Trip, that meant doing it themselves. ", "If the company could prove it was better taking something in-house, it would do it, making Kwik Trip by far one of the most vertically integrated c-store chains in the country.", "\n\nWith that supply chain focus, its biggest gamble was with foodservice, involving millions of dollars invested in bakery, commissary and food-safety facilities unparalleled in the industry.", "\n\nBalancing a competitive fire with a caring eye toward people, Kwik Trip managed record profits the past four years, even as the rest of the economy struggled through the worst recession in decades." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

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[ "Black Onyx Solitaire Ring 14K White Gold 2.00 CT TGW\n\nThe unification of two into one is symbolized in this black onyx solitaire ring. ", "This round black onyx is securely held in a prong setting. ", "Made in 14K white gold and has a total gem weight (TGW) of 2.00 carats." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.0009045669576153159, 0.004933968652039766, 0.0006659894715994596 ]

[ "The above-mentioned parts are not original parts. ", "The original numbers are quoted for reference purposes only. ", "Reproduction in whole and parts of the directory without written authorization is strictly prohibited. ", "We reserve the right to make any mistakes. ", "We sale while stocks last." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.0007322088349610567, 0.0005683301715180278, 0.000638271274510771, 0.0006855364190414548, 0.0008335472084581852 ]

[ "DNA exposes humans as main culprit of faecal pollution in Danube\n\nThe method is based on the genetic markers of specific bacterial species from human and animal excreta\n\nKarl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Technische Universitat Wien and the Medical University of Vienna present the findings of the largest water hygiene study of its kind.", "\n\nDespite wastewater management and treatment plants, human waste remains the main source of microbial faecal pollution in the river Danube.", "\n\nThe study used a new molecular genetics method which differentiates human microbial faecal pollution from that of animal origin.", "\n\nThe currently published study was carried out with the major participation of the Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences under the supports of the Interuniversity Cooperation Centre for Water & Health in Austria.", "\n\nA research team led by Professor Andreas Farnleitner from the Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences (KL) and the Technische Universitat Wien (TU Wien) has succeeded in demonstrating this for the river Danube.", "\n\nA refined molecular genetics method, which enables the differentiation of human and animal faecal matter based on bacterial DNA.", "\n\nThis method was developed jointly by Professor Farnleiter and his colleagues from the Interuniversity Cooperation Centre for Water & Health (ICC Water & Health), played a crucial role in the study.", "\n\nThis would not have been possible using the standard methods available up to now and is a particularly important factor when it comes to identifying the source of acute water pollution.", "\n\nThe method is based on the genetic markers of specific bacterial species (Bacteriodetes) found in human and animal excreta.", "\n\nBased on their typical DNA sequences, these markers enable conclusions to be drawn about whether faecal contamination originates from humans or animals\n\nThe concentration of host-associated Bacteriodetes genetic faecal markers in the Danube is low, thus Professor Farnleiter’s team amplified it using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.", "\n\nSamples were taken at over 70 locations on the Danube – from both the central reaches of the river and close to the banks.", "\n\nAll samples were analysed using both the standard methods based on indicator bacteria and molecular biology methods for the detection of genetic markers.", "\n\nThe further analysis of the 4,000-plus samples was carried out with the team from KL, which also made a major contribution to the evaluation and interpretation of the data in the context of the ICC Water & Health." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

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[ "What does the NCATS (Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale) measure?", "\nThe purpose of this study was to examine what aspects of the mother-child relationship are measured by the Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale (NCATS). ", "A racially heterogeneous sample of 128 mothers completed questionnaires measuring maternal depression, parenting self-efficacy, knowledge of developmental and parenting principles, and perceived difficult toddler temperament. ", "Mothers and children were also videotaped during home visits while completing two teaching tasks that were later scored using NCATS. ", "NCATS Parent subscale scores were significantly related to maternal knowledge and education but unrelated to depression and self-efficacy. ", "Child subscale scores were unrelated to all of the study variables, including perceived difficult temperament. ", "Significant differences were noted among African-American, Hispanic, and white mothers. ", "The findings suggest that the NCATS taps cognitive factors more reliably than affective factors underlying the mother-child relationship and the cognitive factors may be culturally biased." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "With the rapid progress of the multimedia society, the technologies of semiconductor elements and display apparatus have dramatic progress accordingly. ", "In terms of the display apparatus, an active matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED) display device meets specification requirements for a display in multimedia age due to its advantages of free viewing angle limitation, low manufacturing cost, high response speed (approximately more than a hundred times of a liquid crystal display), power saving, self-luminescent, direct current driver that can be used for a portable machine, wide operating temperature range, light weight, and miniaturization and thinning according to a hardware device. ", "Therefore, the AMOLED display device has great potential for development, and is expected to become a next generation of a new-model flat panel display so as to take the place of a liquid crystal display (LCD).", "\nAt present, an AMOLED display panel has mainly three modes of manufacturing. ", "The first mode is to manufacture by utilizing amorphous silicon (a-Si) thin film transistor (TFT) process technology. ", "The second mode is to manufacture by utilizing low temperature poly-silicon (LTPS) TFT process technology. ", "The third mode is to manufacture by utilizing oxide TFT process technology. ", "Herein, compared to other two modes, a-Si TFT does not have a relatively high electronic mobility, and its threshold voltage would produce shift under a long time of compression and high temperature, which would result in non-uniformity of the display panel. ", "Generally, the a-Si TFT is applied on the LCD widely. ", "However, the LTPS TFT process technology needs to adopt multi-channel mask manufacturing process, thereby resulting in an increase of cost. ", "Therefore, the LTPS TFT process technology is mainly applicable to small and medium size panels currently, while the oxide TFT process technology is mainly applicable to a large-size AMOLED panel.", "\nGenerally, for an AMOLED display panel manufactured by adopting the oxide TFT process technology, types of TFTs in its pixel circuit can be divided into P-type or N-type. ", "However, no matter a P-type TFT or an N-type TFT is selected to realize an organic light emitting diode (OLED) pixel circuit, a turn-on voltage (Voled_th) of the OLED would change under the effect of long time stress, while current flowing through the OLED would not only vary with the turn-on voltage (Voled_th) of the OLED, but also be different with threshold voltage shift (Vth shift) of TFT used for driving the OLED. ", "As such, brightness uniformity and brightness constancy of the OLED display apparatus would be also influenced." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds" }

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[ "Tom Hanks welcomes himself into Julia Roberts car in the first clip for Larry Crowne\n\nI don't need more cowbell, I need more Tom Hanks. ", "If he's signed up for something I automatically want to see it, even though I wasn't terribly thrilled by the DA VINCI CODE series.", "\n\nI want more of the comedic Tom Hanks. ", "While the \"Toddlers & Tiaras\" skit on Jimmy Kimmel was way more hilarious, there's something funny about Hanks imposing on Julia Roberts' personal space. ", "In this clip for LARRY CROWNE (which premiered on Kimmel's show), you'll get to see Hanks show Roberts his GPS skills.", "\n\nSynopsis:\n\n\"Until he was downsized, affable, amiable Larry Crowne (Hanks) was a superstar team leader at the big-box company where he’s worked since his time in the Navy. ", "Underwater on his mortgage and unclear on what to do with his suddenly free days, Larry heads to his local college to start over. ", "There he becomes part of a colorful community of outcasts, also-rans and the overlooked all trying to find a better future for themselves…often moving around town in a herd of scooters. ", "In his public-speaking class, Larry develops an unexpected crush on his teacher Mercedes Tainot (Roberts), who has lost as much passion for teaching as she has for her husband.\"" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

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[ "Yes, there is a dog called the ‘National Breed of Israel’\n\n‘National Breed of Israel’\n\nAvi hits the spotlight at the Kennel Club of Philadelphia competition last month. ", "Avi is a Canaan dog, the ‘National Breed of Israel.’", "\n\nFrom the time he was 4 weeks old, Avi was a stunner. ", "He wasn’t much larger than the palm of David Golden’s hand, but even then, as a little black-and-white fluff ball, it was clear he was destined for greatness.", "\n\nGolden and his wife, Cynthia Dodson, tried to convince Avi’s Tennessee breeder that they were the right “parents” for the little pup. ", "The Falls Church, Virginia, couple made their case: They had owned Canaan dogs before; they loved the breed and knew it well; and they’d had their Canaan dogs compete in herding competitions and obedience trials." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

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[ "CHILLS: Trump Just Told Us What He’ll Do Every Single Day in Office [VIDEO]\n\nIn a new video posted to his Facebook page, Republican presidential nominee Donald Trump said that his top priority as president would be something neither President Barack Obama nor Democrat nominee Hillary Clinton would ever put at the top of their lists: keeping Americans and the U.S. Constitution safe.", "\n\nThe video was from a Trump rally in Estero, Florida, earlier this week.", "\n\n“My highest duty as president is to protect our citizens and to uphold the Constitution of the United States,” Trump told the crowd.", "\n\nRelated Stories\n\n“I will honor that duty to the fullest extent every single day, and I will never waver,” he continued. “", "And I will tell you — that I consider a sacred obligation. ", "Sacred.”", "\n\nTrump posted it to his Facebook page Wednesday along with the statement, “The most fundamental duty of government is to protect American lives. ", "The Obama-Clinton administration has failed to protect our people. ", "As president, my number one priority will ALWAYS be to keep you and your families safe. ", "Believe me, together, we WILL Make America SAFE Again! #", "ImWithYou.”", "\n\nAdvertisement - story continues below\n\nThis is something you would never hear from either Obama or Clinton, because they don’t believe it.", "\n\nTake Barack Obama. ", "Does he believe his highest priority is to protect Americans? ", "He calls the Islamic State group the “JV team,” and his administration said, after the bombings in New York City this weekend, that we were in the midst of a “narrative” war. ", "Meanwhile, he continues his attack on the Constitution unabated.", "\n\nClilnton has been little better, saying that she will keep us safe but not providing any firm particulars. ", "She also has shown no particular respect for the Constitution and probably would continue to govern through executive actions.", "\n\nTrump has said from day one that he intended to make safety a top priority of his administration. ", "Like him or not, that’s something you can’t say of his opponent.", "\n\nIn a year where we’ve seen terrorists hit us at home more than in any year since 9/11, safety’s something that voters ought to be looking for. ", "Please like and share on Facebook and Twitter if you agree." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

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[ "Functioning acinar cell pancreatic carcinoma: diagnosis on mangafodipir trisodium (Mn-DPDP)-enhanced MRI.", "\nWe describe the imaging findings of a functional pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma in a patient who presented with weight loss, hyperlipasemia, and multiple foci of subcutaneous fat necrosis. ", "The tumor invaded the adjacent splenic and portal vein, causing isolated left-sided portal hypertension. ", "At MRI, the tumor showed marked enhancement following administration of the hepatobiliary-specific contrast agent mangafodipir trisodium (Mn-DPDP), thereby demonstrating the functional nature of the tumor. ", "Avid uptake of Mn-DPDP by a functioning pancreatic tumor has not been reported in the radiology literature." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

[ 0.0008653750992380083, 0.001093817874789238, 0.0009222395019605756, 0.0006334139034152031, 0.0012678165221586823 ]

[ "Serum levels of high mobility group box 1 protein and its association with quality of life and psychological and functional status in patients with fibromyalgia.", "\nHigh mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a proinflammatory cytokine. ", "Previous studies have suggested that HMGB1 can play an important role in the pathogenesis of many rheumatic diseases. ", "The purpose of this study was to investigate the serum levels of HMGB1 in patients with fibromyalgia (FM) and its association with quality of life and psychological and functional status in these patients. ", "Twenty-nine patients who met the 1990 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for the classification of FM and 29 healthy controls (HC) were included in the present study. ", "Serum samples were collected from both the patients and the HC, and HMGB1 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ", "The Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) was used to assess the disease severity and functional status in patients with FM. ", "Furthermore, the Nottingham Health Profile was used to assess quality of life in all subjects, as well as the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to assess depression and anxiety. ", "The serum levels of HMGB1 protein were positively correlated with the FIQ scores in patients with FM (P = 0.002). ", "Mean serum levels of HMGB1 were higher in patients with FM than in HC but this difference was not statistically significant. ", "HMGB1 protein might be a good laboratory-sourced candidate for the assessment of functional status and disease severity in patients with FM." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "Australian Ninja Warrior (season 1)\n\nThe first season of the sports entertainment reality competition series Australian Ninja Warrior premiered on 9 July 2017 on the Nine Network. ", " The season was hosted by Rebecca Maddern, Ben Fordham & Freddie Flintoff.", "\n\n50 ninjas ran in each of the five qualifying heats, with the top 18 from each heat moving on to the Semi Finals. ", "From the three semi finals, the top 7 competitors moved on to the Grand Final. ", "9 Competitors finished stage one of the Grand Final, but none completed stage two. ", "Fred Dorrington sat on top of the leaderboard for going the furthest in stage two.", "\n\nRounds\n\nEpisode 1\n\nHeat 1 \nThis episode aired on 9 July, 2017 and concluded with 11 finishers. ", "Parkour twin, Dylan Pawson earned the Berocca Performance of the Night, completing the course in 58 seconds.", "\n\n Quintuple Steps\n Silk Slider\n Bridge of Blades\n Tyre Swing to Cargo Net\n Double Tilt Ladder\n Warped Wall\n\nEpisode 2\n\nHeat 2 \nThis episode aired on 10 July, 2017. ", "Fastest finisher, Ashlin Herbert earned the Berocca Performance of the Night.", "\n\n Qunituple Steps\n UFO Slider\n Bridge of Blades\n Spinning Wheel to Cargo Net\n Tilting Frames\n Warped Wall\n\nEpisode 3\n\nHeat 3 \nThis episode aired on 11 July 2017. ", "Two members of Justice Crew, Sampson Smith and John Pearce both participated, both bowing out on the Bridge of Blades. ", "The Berocca Performance of the Night was tied between Coby Head and Ricko Tralongo. ", "Only 8 competitors completed this course, with a large number of athletes bowing out on the BOM slider.", "\n\n Qunituple Steps\n Bom Slider\n Bridge of Blades\n Cargo with Lache\n Ball & Chain\n Warped Wall\n\nEpisode 4\n\nHeat 4 \nThis episode aired on 16 July, 2017. ", "NRL legend Beau Ryan competed against AFL's Adam Cooney in a battle of the codes, with Beau progressing further through the course. ", "Deaf competitor, Paul Cashion's run caused significant public outrage due to the way it was televised. ", "This episode ended with a tribute to Johann Ofner, who had died on the set of a music video earlier in the year. ", "10 competitors completed this course. ", "The Berocca Performance of the Night went to Lee Cossey.", "\n\n Quintuple Steps\n Slide to Box Jellyfish\n Bridge of Blades\n Rings to Cargo Net\n Pipe Climber\n Warped Wall\n\nEpisode 5\n\nHeat 5 \nThis episode aired on 17 July, 2017 and concluded with 12 finishers. ", "Former Bachelor Tim Robards participated but bowed out on the Cones to Cargo Net. ", "The Berocca Performance of the Night went to Ben Polson\n\n Quintuple Steps\n Pole Rider\n Bridge of Blades\n Cones to Cargo Net\n Swing Cycle\n Warped Wall\n\nEpisode 6\n\nSemi-final 1 \nThis episode aired on 18 July, 2017. ", "This episode had three new obstacles after the Warped Wall, the Ring Jump, Pole Grasper and Chimney Climb. ", "This semi-final included Johann Ofner, who passed away on set of a music video earlier in the year, but the footage of the stunt man was edited out. ", "Rob Patterson had the Berocca Performance of the Night. ", "Damian Istria was unfortunately unable to complete the course as the jump hang net snapped.", "\n\n Quintuple Steps\n Log Grip\n Spinning Log\n Jump Hang\n Tyre Swing\n Warped Wall\n Ring Jump\n Pole Grasper\n Chimney Climb\n\nEpisode 7\n\nSemi-final 2 \nThis episode aired on 23 July, 2017. ", "This episode had two new obstacles, Bungee Road & Flying Shelves. ", "Andrea Hah had the Berocca Performance of the Night for being the first woman to make it up the Warped Wall.", "\n\n Quintuple Steps\n Log Grip\n Spinning Log\n Jump Hang\n Bungee Road \n Warped Wall\n Flying Shelves\n Pole Grasper\n Chimney Climb\n\nEpisode 8\n\nSemi-final 3 \nThis episode aired on 24 July, 2017. ", "This episode had two new obstacles, Big Wheel & Swinging Spikes. ", "Ben Polson had the Berocca Performance of the Night.", "\n\n Quintuple Steps\n Log Grip\n Spinning Log\n Jump Hang\n Big Wheel\n Warped Wall\n Swinging Spikes\n Pole Grasper\n Chimney Climb\n\nEpisode 9\n\nGrand Final \nThis episode aired on Tuesday 25 July, 2017. ", "Similar to many European versions of Ninja Warrior, the Grand Final was set over three stages. ", "Fred Dorrington had Berocca performance of the night. ", "Dorrington was nearly disqualified after his foot thought to touch the water, but after a replay shows that the safety mat caused the ripple, Dorrington was allowed to continue from where he left off.", "\n\nStage 1\n\nThe obstacles used on Stage 1 were:\n Quintuple Steps\n Big Dipper\n Spinning Log with Donut\n Jump Hang\n Spider Jump\n Warped Wall\n Globe Grasper\n Ring Swing\n Chimney Climb\n\nAll of these obstacles had to be completed within a 3:45 time limit.", "\n\nStage 2\n\nThe remaining ninjas had to face 8 obstacles in stage 2, they had to pass the first 5 in under 65 seconds and then complete the other 3.", "\n\nThe obstacles used on Stage 2 were:\n Rope Jungle\n Basket Toss\n Salmon Ladder\n Unstable Bridge\n Wall Lift\n Crazy Cliffhanger\n Floating Boards\n Flying Bars\n\nStage 3\n\nStage 3 was to take on Mount Midoriyama, but all of the ninjas failed to pass stage 2.", "\n\nObstacles by episode\n\nViewership\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Australian Ninja Warrior on Channel 9\n Australian Ninja Warrior - Season 1 on Channel 9\n Australian Ninja Warrior Blog, Articles, Videos & Forums\n\n2017\nCategory:2017 Australian television seasons" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

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[ "Related Content\n\nMorehead State University has been recognized for the 10th consecutive year as one of the top public universities in the South in the 2014 edition of \"America's Best Colleges\" by U.S. News & World Report.", "\n\n\"We are very pleased to be recognized again this year as one of the outstanding regional public universities by this widely-popular college guide,\" said MSU President Wayne D. Andrews. “", "We have experienced record enrollment this year. ", "Our campus remains one of the safest in the region and we continue to improve the quality of life for our students.”", "\n\nMorehead State University has for the fifth straight year been named a “Military Friendly School” by Victory Media, the premier media entity for military personnel transitioning into civilian life. ", "This places MSU once again in the top 20 percent of colleges, universities and trade schools nationwide that are doing the most to embrace America’s veterans as students.", "\n\nThe common bond of these institutions is their shared priority of recruiting and retaining students with military experience." ]

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[ "[Expression of Na+/H+ antiporter gene KsNHX1 in Kochia sieversiana under saline-alkali stress].", "\nThe 3 'cDNA fragment of KsNHX1 in Kochia sieversiana was obtained by RACE. ", "The phylogenetic analysis of antiporters from different plant species indicated that the KsNHX1 was a gene encoding vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter. ", "By using semi-quantitative RT-PCR, the expression profiles of the KsNHX1 under different saline-alkali stresses were examined. ", "It was observed that the transcript of KsNHX1 in leaves under the stress of 200 mmol x L(-1) for 2-24 h increased gradually with increasing duration, and the expression of KsNHX1 in roots, stems, leaves, and flowers under the stress of 200 mmol x L(-1) for 10 h was up-regulated. ", "Under various NaCl concentrations, the expression of KsNHX1 in leaves was up-regulated, with the maximum under 160 mmol x L(-1) of NaCl. ", "The expression of KsNHX1 in roots was also up-regulated under the stress of < 400 mmol x L(-1). ", "Under various concentrations of Na2CO3, the expression of KsNHX1 in roots appeared the similar change patterns with those under corresponding concentrations of NaCl, but the expression of KsNHX1 in leaves was down-regulated except under 160 mmol x L(-1). ", "The changes of the expression patterns implied that KsNHX1 played roles in maintaining the homeostasis of K+/Na+, which probably contributed to the saline-alkali tolerance of Kochia sieversiana." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "<?", "xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"iso-8859-1\"?", ">\n<!", "DOCTYPE html\n PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN\" \"DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd\">\n<html xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\" xml:lang=\"en\" lang=\"en\">\n<!-- ", "q3ptrlist.qdoc -->\n<head>\n <title>Qt 4.6: List of All Members for Q3PtrListIterator</title>\n <link href=\"classic.css\" rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" />\n</head>\n<body>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"100%\">\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\" valign=\"top\" width=\"32\"><a href=\"http://qt.nokia.com/\"><img src=\"images/qt-logo.png\" align=\"left\" border=\"0\" /></a></td>\n<td width=\"1\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td class=\"postheader\" valign=\"center\"><a href=\"index.html\"><font color=\"#004faf\">Home</font></a>&nbsp;&middot; <a href=\"classes.html\"><font color=\"#004faf\">All&nbsp;Classes</font></a>&nbsp;&middot; <a href=\"functions.html\"><font color=\"#004faf\">All&nbsp;Functions</font></a>&nbsp;&middot; <a href=\"overviews.html\"><font color=\"#004faf\">Overviews</font></a></td></tr></table><h1 class=\"title\">List of All Members for Q3PtrListIterator</h1>\n<p>This is the complete list of members for <a href=\"q3ptrlistiterator.html\" class=\"compat\">Q3PtrListIterator</a>, including inherited members.</p>\n<p><table class=\"propsummary\" width=\"100%\" border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\">\n<tr><td width=\"45%\" valign=\"top\"><ul>\n<li><div class=\"fn\"><b><a href=\"q3ptrlistiterator.html#Q3PtrListIterator\">Q3PtrListIterator</a></b> ( const Q3PtrList&lt;type&gt; &amp; )</div></li>\n<li><div class=\"fn\"><b><a href=\"q3ptrlistiterator.html#dtor.", "Q3PtrListIterator\">~Q3PtrListIterator</a></b> ()</div></li>\n<li><div class=\"fn\"><b><a href=\"q3ptrlistiterator.html#atFirst\">atFirst</a></b> () const : bool</div></li>\n<li><div class=\"fn\"><b><a href=\"q3ptrlistiterator.html#atLast\">atLast</a></b> () const : bool</div></li>\n<li><div class=\"fn\"><b><a href=\"q3ptrlistiterator.html#count\">count</a></b> () const : uint</div></li>\n<li><div class=\"fn\"><b><a href=\"q3ptrlistiterator.html#current\">current</a></b> () const : type *</div></li>\n<li><div class=\"fn\"><b><a href=\"q3ptrlistiterator.html#isEmpty\">isEmpty</a></b> () const : bool</div></li>\n<li><div class=\"fn\"><b><a href=\"q3ptrlistiterator.html#toFirst\">toFirst</a></b> () : type *</div></li>\n<li><div class=\"fn\"><b><a href=\"q3ptrlistiterator.html#toLast\">toLast</a></b> () : type *</div></li>\n</ul></td><td valign=\"top\"><ul>\n<li><div class=\"fn\"><b><a href=\"q3ptrlistiterator.html#operator-type--2a\">operator type *</a></b> () const</div></li>\n<li><div class=\"fn\"><b><a href=\"q3ptrlistiterator.html#operator-28-29\">operator()</a></b> () : type *</div></li>\n<li><div class=\"fn\"><b><a href=\"q3ptrlistiterator.html#operator-2a\">operator*</a></b> () : type *</div></li>\n<li><div class=\"fn\"><b><a href=\"q3ptrlistiterator.html#operator-2b-2b\">operator++</a></b> () : type *</div></li>\n<li><div class=\"fn\"><b><a href=\"q3ptrlistiterator.html#operator-2b-eq\">operator+=</a></b> ( uint ) : type *</div></li>\n<li><div class=\"fn\"><b><a href=\"q3ptrlistiterator.html#operator--\">operator--</a></b> () : type *</div></li>\n<li><div class=\"fn\"><b><a href=\"q3ptrlistiterator.html#operator--eq\">operator-=</a></b> ( uint ) : type *</div></li>\n<li><div class=\"fn\"><b><a href=\"q3ptrlistiterator.html#operator-eq\">operator=</a></b> ( const Q3PtrListIterator&lt;type&gt; &amp; ) : Q3PtrListIterator&lt;type&gt; &amp;</div></li>\n</ul>\n</td></tr>\n</table></p>\n<p /><address><hr /><div align=\"center\">\n<table width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" border=\"0\"><tr class=\"address\">\n<td width=\"40%\" align=\"left\">Copyright &copy; 2009 Nokia Corporation and/or its subsidiary(-ies)</td>\n<td width=\"20%\" align=\"center\"><a href=\"trademarks.html\">Trademarks</a></td>\n<td width=\"40%\" align=\"right\"><div align=\"right\">Qt 4.6.0</div></td>\n</tr></table></div></address></body>\n</html>\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

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[ "Dori Lal Agarawal Sports Stadium\n\nDori Lal Agarawal Sports Stadium or Regional Sports Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh. ", "The ground is mainly used for organizing matches of football, cricket, Netball, Handball, Basketball and other sports. ", "The stadium was established in 1960 and has hosted international matches between India women's cricket team and Sri Lanka women's cricket team.", "\n\nIn 2015, the Government of Uttar Pradesh decided to upgrade the stadium's core via construction of a dormitory with 400 beds for both male and female players, as well as staircases.", "\n\nIn August 2015, the stadium hosted the Indian Gramin Cricket League, a local Twenty20 tournament for rural areas.", "\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n\n cricketarchive\n cricinfo\n Official Website of Bareilly\n Bareilly Development Authority\n\nCategory:Sports venues in Uttar Pradesh\nCategory:Cricket grounds in Uttar Pradesh\nCategory:Rohilkhand\nCategory:Buildings and structures in Bareilly\nCategory:Sports venues completed in 1960\nCategory:1960 establishments in India" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

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[ "[Effect of microelectrophoretic application of GABA on the formation of a cellular analog of a conditioned reaction].", "\nInfluence of GABA application on ability of sensorimotor cortical neurones to form conditioned cellular reactions was studied in chronic experiments on rabbits. ", "Neuronal reactions were analysed at the initial stage of eye-lid conditioning. ", "GABA application in a period of presentation of paired conditioned and unconditioned stimuli disturbed formation of inhibitory conditioned cellular reactions and did not influence elaboration of activating responses. ", "Plastic changes underlying the process of formation of inhibitory conditioned neuronal reactions are supposed to be of intracortical nature." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "Az amerikai igazságügy-minisztérium és a tőzsdefelügyelet eljárást indított a Microsoft ellen, korrupciógyanús ügyletek miatt, amiket a cég 2013–14 környékén ütött nyélbe Magyarországon – írja a Wall Street Journal. ", "A mértékadó amerikai gazdasági lap forrásai azt állítják, a cég kenőpénzekkel vette rá a magyar államot, hogy az ő irodai szoftvereiket (Word és Excel) válasszák a rivális, ingyenes szövegszerkesztők és táblázatkezelők helyett. ", "Miután a döntés megszületett, a közbeszerzéseken az állam úgy vette meg ezeket a szoftvereket, hogy a Microsoft először jelentős árengedménnyel eladta azokat közvetítőcégeknek, amelyek aztán teljes áron vagy akár túl is árazva adták tovább magyar állami szerveknek.", "\n\nA lap értesülései szerint az egész ügy 2012-ben kezdődött egy találkozóval Orbán Viktor és a Microsoft egyik akkori igazgatója, Kevin Turner között. ", "A WSJ szerint magyar miniszterelnök a megbeszélésre meghívott néhány magyar cégvezetőt is. ", "Ezt követően, 2013–14-ben évi 30 millió dollárnyi (kb. ", "8 milliárd forint) közbeszerzés futott át ezeken a közvetítőcégeken. ", "Ebből 30, de alkalmanként 50-60 százalékot is zsebre tehettek.", "\n\nA Microsoft 2014-ben vette észre, hogy a magyar leányvállalatánál gyanús dolgok történnek, és belső vizsgálatot indított. (", "Ekkoriban buktak ki hasonló ügyek a cég cseh, olasz, orosz, kínai és pakisztáni kirendeltségeinél is.) ", "Ennek eredménye lehetett, hogy a cég váratlanul felmondta a négy legnagyobb magyar kormányzati beszállító céggel kötött szerződését, és négy magas rangú vezetőt is kirúgtak a magyar Microsofttól. ", "Többek között a Microsoft Magyarország akkori vezetője, Papp István is távozott – érdekesség, hogy ő egy rövid délkelet-ázsiai kitérő után állami beosztásba igazolt át a Nemzeti Befektetési Ügynökség üzletfejlesztési elnökhelyettesi posztjára. ", "Hasonlóan járt a kormányzati kapcsolatokért felelős vezető, Sagyibó Viktor is, aki kirúgása után nem sokkal a Miniszterelnökségen kapott pozíciót, miniszteri biztos lett.", "\n\nPapp a WSJ kérdésére most annyit mondott, hogy mindig is a Microsoft család megbecsült tagja volt. ", "A magyar kormány nem reagált a lap megkeresésére, a Microsoft pedig annyit mondott, hogy együttműködik a hatóságokkal a vizsgálatok során. ", "A Microsofttól korrupciógyanús ügyek miatt kidobott cégeknek azóta is jól fut a szekér, milliárdos állami megrendeléseket kapnak.", "\n\nA Microsoft Magyarország kérdésünkre a következő kommentárt fűzte a hírhez:\n\n\"Mint azt a Wall Street Journalnek is elmondtuk, amint tudomásunkra jutottak 2014-ben a lehetséges szabálysértésekre vonatkozó állítások, haladéktalanul teljes körű vizsgálatba kezdtünk, hogy felelősségre vonjuk az érintetteket. ", "Felmondtunk négy alkalmazottunknak, minden üzleti tevékenységet megszüntettünk négy partnerünkkel, és határozottan kiálltunk az igazunkért jogi követeléseikkel szemben. ", "A tisztességes üzleti magatartás tekintetében nincs helye kompromisszumoknak.", "\n\n2014 elején olyan átfogó megoldást alakítottunk ki, amely nyomon követi hogyan érvényesítik partnereink és viszonteladóink a kedvezményeket. ", "Azóta új globális programot léptettünk életbe, biztosítva ezzel a kormányzati ügyfelek számára kínált kedvezmények átláthatóságát. ", "A program értékesítő partnereink számára szerződéses kötelezettséggé teszi a kedvezmények vásárlókhoz áramoltatását, valamint hivatalosan is megerősítteti a vásárlóval, hogy tisztában van az érvényes kedvezményekkel. ", "Ezen túlmenően, a partnereinkkel kötött szerződések a helyi és az amerikai törvényeknek egyaránt megfelelnek. ", "Végül, 2017-ben kifejlesztettünk egy mesterséges intelligencián alapuló technológiát, amely hatékonyan szűri ki, hogy egy tranzakció bizonyos elemei - ideértve az említett kedvezményeket is - megfelelőségi kockázatot jelentenek-e.\"" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nCan a C++11 lambda capture a file scope variable?", "\n\nSection 5.1.2 p10 of the ISO C++11 specification states:\n\nThe identifiers in a capture-list are looked up using the usual rules\n for unqualified name lookup (3.4.1); each such lookup shall find a\n variable with automatic storage duration declared in the reaching\n scope of the local lambda expression. ", "An entity (i.e. a variable or\n this) is said to be explicitly captured if it appears in the\n lambda-expression’s capture-list.", "\n\nThis seems to imply that a lambda cannot capture a file scope variable. ", "For example, this program should be illegal:\n#include <iostream>\n\nint x = 13;\n\nint main()\n{\n auto l = [](){ return x; };\n\n std::cout << l() << std::endl;\n\n return 0;\n}\n\nHowever, g++ 4.7.1 produces the result I expect:\n$ g++ --version\ng++ (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.7.2-2ubuntu1) 4.7.2\nCopyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\nThis is free software; see the source for copying conditions. ", " There is NO\nwarranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.", "\n\n$ g++ -std=c++11 lambda.cpp \n$ ./a.out \n13\n\nBut clang 3.0 crashes:\n$ clang --version\nUbuntu clang version 3.0-6ubuntu3 (tags/RELEASE_30/final) (based on LLVM 3.0)\nTarget: i386-pc-linux-gnu\nThread model: posix\n$ clang -std=c++11 lambda.cpp \n0 libLLVM-3.0.so.1 0xb70a59e8\n1 libLLVM-3.0.so.1 0xb70a5f34\n2 0xb775d400 __kernel_sigreturn + 0\n3 clang 0x0869f2e9 clang::Sema::DeduceAutoType(clang::TypeSourceInfo*, clang::Expr*, clang::TypeSourceInfo*&) + 73\n<snip>\n\nIs my program illegal or not? ", "If it is illegal, what is the rationale for the proscription on capturing file scope variables?", "\n\nA:\n\nFor purposes of name lookup, the body of the lambda is considered to be in the context of the lambda expression. ", "That is, name lookup happens as if you used the name outside the lambda. ", "See [expr.prim.lambda]/7. ", "For example:\n#include <iostream>\n\nint x = 13;\nint y = 0;\n\nint main()\n{\n static int y = 42;\n int z = 1729;\n\n auto l = [/*forget about the capture for a moment*/]()\n { return x+y+z; };\n // find the names x,y,z as if they had been mentioned outside the lambda\n // find the locals y, z and the global x\n\n std::cout << l() << std::endl;\n\n return 0;\n}\n\nNow, you need to capture variables of automatic storage duration. ", "I guess this makes it a bit less error-prone, as you can copy and return lambdas, so that the automatic variables have been destroyed when the lambda is called:\nint main()\n{\n static int y = 42;\n\n std::function<int()> f;\n {\n int z = 1729;\n\n f = [](){ return x+y+z; }; // imagine we could do this\n }\n\n std::cout << f() << std::endl; // uh-oh!", "\n\n return 0;\n}\n\nOf course, this problem does not appear for variables with static storage duration.", "\nSpecifically, [expr.prim.lambda]/12 says:\n\nIf a lambda-expression or an instantiation of the function call\n operator template of a generic lambda odr-uses (3.2) this or a\n variable with automatic storage duration from its reaching scope, that\n entity shall be captured by the lambda-expression.", "\n\nNon-automatic variables will be found by name lookup as well, but are not affected by this rule. ", "You can use them without capturing.", "\n\nN.B. the odr-use relaxation allows some uses of automatic variables w/o capturing them, such as:\nint main()\n{\n int x = 42;\n constexpr int y = 1789;\n\n auto l = []() -> int\n {\n decltype(x) my_var = 100; // no odr-use of `x`\n return my_var*y; // no odr-use of `y`\n };\n\n std::cout << l() << std::endl;\n\n return 0;\n}\n\n" ]

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[ "THE ONLY GREEN JUICE YOU NEED\n\nThis is just a quick little share, I thought I give you guys my most favorite green juice recipe as of late. ", "This one has me quenched all day long. ", "Alkalizing but with a touch of sweet, it’s the perfect green juice!", "\n\nYou can make it in a cold press or a standard juicer, either way, it’ll be amazing. ", "Make sure to choose only organic fruits and veggies!" ]

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[ "Is preoperative iodine 123 meta-iodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy routinely necessary before initial adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma?", "\nIodine 123 meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy has been used in patients with clinical suspicion of pheochromocytoma to confirm the nature of an adrenal or extraadrenal mass or to identify occult disease. ", "Additionally, it may be used to identify unsuspected bilaterality or metastases in the setting of a known unilateral adrenal mass before operation. ", "We sought to determine the role of (123)I MIBG scintigraphy in this apparently routine preoperative setting. ", "Our hypothesis was that (123)I MIBG would provide additional preoperative information that could modify operative intervention. ", "All patients undergoing (123)I MIBG scintigraphy at our institution between 1992 and 2002 were identified. ", "MIBG results, operative procedures and findings, and pathologic findings were retrospectively reviewed and compared. ", "The (123)I MIBG scintigraphy was performed in a total of 315 patients. ", "Of these, 48 were patients with an initial biochemical diagnosis of pheochromocytoma and a unilateral adrenal mass. ", "47 of the 48 (98%) primary scans were positive for a single focus of activity concordant with anatomic imaging data from computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging and operative findings. ", "The (123)I MIBG did not reveal unsuspected metastatic or bilateral disease in any patient. ", "In this large series of patients undergoing (123)I MIBG scintigraphy, the test served only to confirm diagnostic impressions and corroborate anatomic imaging. ", "The (123)I MIBG did not alter the operative management of any patient with a solitary adrenal lesion in the clinical context of biochemically-proven catecholamine excess." ]

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[ "Oregon Winds Up Giving Comcast A Huge Tax Break For Doing Nothing Differently\n\nfrom the great-work-everybody dept\n\nA well-intentioned effort in Oregon to drive more competition to the broadband market has instead netted Comcast a $15 million annual tax break for effectively doing nothing differently.", "\n\nBack in 2014 the Oregon State Supreme Court issued a hugely-controversial ruling that allowed companies to be taxed based on \"intangible\" assets such as the value of their brands. ", "Lobbied by Google, the state in 2015 signed a new law rolling back those assessments to try and incentivize competitors looking to deploy faster broadband networks. ", "But in 2015, Google was quick to point out that the sloppily-worded bill actually exempted it from gleaning any tax breaks for deploying gigabit broadband:\n\n\"SB611 offers an exemption from the state's tax methodology to companies with the capacity to offer Internet service of \"at least one gigabit.\" ", "Google Fiber offers speeds \"up to a gigabit\" per second - that's 1,000 megabits per second, 25 times faster than the current broadband standard. ", "So the law, as written, would make Google Fiber ineligible for the tax exemption.\"", "\n\nIn other words, a well-intentioned bill intended to incentivize deployment of next-generation broadband actually exempted the one company actually promising to do so.", "\n\nOddly, this was only the start of the problem. ", "Google Fiber had spent several years promising Portland locals that gigabit fiber would be deployed to the city. ", "This promise was at the heart of the entire state-level legislative tax adjustments in the first place. ", "But by late 2016, Google Fiber had indicated that it was getting bored by the whole broadband disruption thing, and had decided to put its fiber expansion plans on hold. ", "Needless to say Portland, one of several cities that had been strung along as potential launch markets, wasn't impressed.", "\n\nBut wait: it gets better. ", "Comcast, which had already been planning to deploy gigabit broadband service via relatively inexpensive DOCSIS 3.1 upgrades, was quick to take full advantage of a law intended to bring more competition to bear on the incumbent giant. ", "Its lawyers quickly got to work successfully arguing that its modest and already-planned cable-based upgrades qualified it for $15 million in annual tax breaks. ", "But because Comcast's gigabit service costs $300 per month and came with a $1000 installation fee (plus usage caps), lawmakers were quick to argue that this massive Comcast gift wasn't what they had intended:\n\n\"Comcast argues it qualifies, too, by virtue of its obscure new service. ", "Oregon cities are crying foul, but the staff of the Oregon Public Utility Commission says Comcast meets the letter of the broadly written law - even if hardly anyone signs up for a service critics say would cost subscribers $4,600 in the first year alone.\"", "\n\nSince Comcast technically adhered to the letter of the law (even if the service it was deploying was already planned and priced uncompetitively), it was able to begin enjoying the huge tax break. ", "So was Frontier Communications, a company under fire in other states for being almost as large of an anti-competitive shitshow as Comcast. ", "And while Oregon lawmakers tried to reboot the whole mess and repeal the law last week, procedural missteps and Comcast's lobbying influence over state leaders made sure that wasn't successful:\n\n\"Count Comcast among the big winners in this year's legislative session in Salem. ", "Efforts to repeal a tax break worth millions of dollars a year to big internet companies faltered at the last minute Thursday during the Oregon Legislature's short session. \"", "I'm really disappointed we weren't able to get that one over the finish line,\" said Senate Majority Leader Ginny Burdick, D-Portland, who chairs the rules committee where House Bill 4027 died. ", "She said the measure didn't clear the House early enough to avoid a potential Republican slowdown, and with the Legislature set to adjourn Saturday or Sunday she said the clock ran out on the bill.", "\n\nJust so we're clear: a well-intentioned bill designed to improve competition in the state simply wound up giving Comcast $15 million annually in taxpayer funds for doing nothing differently. ", "Funds that could have otherwise gone to local schools and other essential services. ", "All, ironically, while Comcast faced heat in numerous communities for all manner of billing hijinks and anti-competitive behavior across the state. ", "And this was a state where lawmakers really were trying to do the right thing. ", "In countless other states, where those good intentions don't exist (like West Virginia), things are often even more ridiculous.", "\n\nThis state level corruption, dysfunction and absurdism, as they say, really is why we can't have nice things.", "\n\nThank you for reading this Techdirt post. ", "With so many things competing for everyone’s attention these days, we really appreciate you giving us your time. ", "We work hard every day to put quality content out there for our community. ", "Techdirt is one of the few remaining truly independent media outlets. ", "We do not have a giant corporation behind us, and we rely heavily on our community to support us, in an age when advertisers are increasingly uninterested in sponsoring small, independent sites — especially a site like ours that is unwilling to pull punches in its reporting and analysis. ", "While other websites have resorted to paywalls, registration requirements, and increasingly annoying/intrusive advertising, we have always kept Techdirt open and available to anyone. ", "But in order to continue doing so, we need your support. ", "We offer a variety of ways for our readers to support us, from direct donations to special subscriptions and cool merchandise — and every little bit helps. ", "Thank you.", "\n\n–The Techdirt Team\n\nFiled Under: broadband, competition, gigabit fiber, oregon, tax breaks\n\nCompanies: comcast, google" ]

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[ "Cover Image Courtesy: MPGH | Thumbnail Image Courtesy: Gadget Gang\n\n\n\n\n\nRecently, popular CS:GO Twitter personality @DonHaci posted a video that shows a player using an exploit that by-passes Valve's anti-cheat software undetected. ", "This can be easily activated using the in-game console without the hassle of using any external third-party softwares.", "\n\n\n\n\n\nIn the video the user can be seen entering a match and then simply opening the console to type ‘sv_cheats 1’, allowing him to see other players through walls and other in-game obstructions.", "\n\nHaci went on to state that this is a longstanding exploit that has been in use for years now.", "\n\n\n\n\n\nThis exploit surfaces days after another bug was revealed that gave the CT-side on the B site of Dust 2 a slight advantage. ", "With the issue now gaining significant attention, Counter-Strike devs will hopefully roll out a patch soon, to resolve this issue.", "\n\n\n\nUntil then players are advised to keep away from competitive matchmaking as there is likely going to be an increased number of cheaters abusing the exploit. ", "No official communication has been put out by Valve yet." ]

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[ "Manila – Dubai – Macau – Auckland\n\nMonth: August 2016\n\nIt started as an unexpected trip that turned out to be a truly memorable month for Clare and me. ", "To be honest, I dreaded flying solo with Clare from Macau to Manila and then Manila to Legazpi City. ", "Aside from Clare running around the Macau airport for two hours, everything else went surprisingly well. ", "No … More Polangui: There’s No Place Like Home" ]

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[ "\n43 F.Supp.2d 17 (1999)\nFelix S. BLOCH, Plaintiff,\nv.\nMadeleine K. ALBRIGHT, Secretary of State, Defendant.", "\nNo. ", "Civ.", "A.98-301(RMU).", "\nUnited States District Court, District of Columbia.", "\nMarch 23, 1999.", "\n*18 Michael Jeffrey Kator, Kator, Scott & Parks, Washington, DC, William Saad Aramony, Alexandria, VA, for Felix S. Bloch, plaintiff.", "\nRaphael O Gomez, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, DC, Susan Kay Rudy, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, DC, for Madeleine K. Albright, Secretary of State, defendant.", "\n\nMEMORANDUM OPINION\nURBINA, District Judge.", "\n\nRemanding to Foreign Service Grievance Board for Further Review\nThe above captioned case was brought by the plaintiff, Felix S. Bloch, pursuant to the Foreign Service Act of 1980, 22 U.S.C. §§ 4131-4140. ", "Mr. Bloch seeks judicial review of a final decision of the Foreign Service Grievance Board (\"Board\"), which was established to resolve grievances filed by employees of the United States Department of State (\"Department of State\"). ", "The matter is currently before the court on cross motions for summary judgment.", "\n\nI. BACKGROUND\nOn November 28, 1958, Felix Bloch began his employment as a Foreign Service Officer with the Department of State. ", "In 1989 and thereafter, Mr. Bloch was accused of questionable activities involving national security. ", "Mr. Bloch was never convicted or charged with any criminal misconduct. ", "Pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 7532(a), which authorizes the head of an agency to suspend an employee when \"necessary in the interests of national security,\" the Department of State suspended Mr. Bloch without pay on February 7, 1990, and issued a proposed removal action. ", "By letter dated July 3, 1990, Mr. Bloch proffered his resignation to the Department of State and submitted an application for retirement. ", "On July 5, 1990, he withdrew his request for a hearing on his proposed removal.", "\nOn July 18, 1990, the Department of State informed Mr. Bloch that his offer to resign was being taken under advisement. ", "On November 5, 1990, the Department of State removed Mr. Bloch from its employment pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 7532, stating that \"`credible and persuasive evidence' supported the charges against him.\" (", "Def.", "'s Mot. ", "for Summ.", "J. at 3 (quoting Record of Proceedings at 136).)", "\nIn 1991, Mr. Bloch renewed his July 1990 request for retirement and challenged the Department of State's authority to deny him retirement benefits. ", "By letter dated April 2, 1992, the Department of State denied Mr. Bloch's retirement application claiming that it had \"declined to consent\" to his voluntary retirement. (", "See Pl.", "'s Opp'n to Def.", "'s Mot. ", "for Summ.", "J. at 5.) ", "On August 7, 1992, Mr. Bloch submitted an application for a refund of his mandatory retirement contributions on a form provided to him by the Department of State. ", "The form stated that \"[i]f you have five or more years of Federal civilian service you may be entitled to an annuity which will be forfeited by payment of this refund.\" (", "Record of Proceedings at 117.) ", "The form was apparently designed for employees who had not yet met the age and length of service requirements for retirement, and not for employees who had already become eligible for retirement. ", "Thereafter, in October 1992, the Department of State refunded Mr. Bloch's mandatory contributions in the amount of $76,256.97, including interest.", "\nOn March 27, 1995, Mr. Bloch filed a grievance with the Board challenging the Department of State's April 2, 1992 decision to deny his retirement application. ", "On February 20, 1996, the Board denied *19 the grievance stating that the Secretary's withholding of consent for Mr. Bloch's retirement was determinative and that the withholding was proper because Mr. Bloch had been removed under 5 U.S.C. § 7532 for national security reasons. ", "The Board further stated that Mr. Bloch had forfeited any claim to an annuity when he withdrew his mandatory contributions in 1992. (", "See Record of Proceedings at 19, 82-87.)", "\nOn April 18, 1996, Mr. Bloch filed an appeal with the Board. ", "On January 15, 1997, the Board held that Mr. Bloch's \"waiver and forfeiture of any entitlement to an annuity was unambiguous, valid, and binding.\" (", "Record of Proceedings at 30.) ", "On July 8, 1997, Mr. Bloch filed a request for reconsideration of the Board's decision, which was denied on August 14, 1997. ", "Consequently, Mr. Bloch filed a complaint in this court to obtain judicial review of the Board's decision.", "\n\nII. ", "LEGAL STANDARD\n\nA. Summary Judgment\nBoth parties to this action have filed motions for summary judgment. ", "Summary judgment is appropriate upon a finding that \"there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law.\" ", "Fed.", "R.Civ.", "P. 56(c). ", "The substantive law upon which a claim rests determines which facts are \"material.\" ", "See Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248, 106 S.Ct. ", "2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986). ", "If a fact bears upon an essential element of the legal claim, then it is material; otherwise, it is not. ", "See id.; Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322, 106 S.Ct. ", "2548, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986). ", "Only disputes over facts that can establish an element of the claim, and thus might affect its ultimate resolution, can create a \"genuine issue\" sufficient to preclude summary judgment. ", "See Anderson, 477 U.S. at 248, 106 S.Ct. ", "2505; Celotex, 477 U.S. at 322, 106 S.Ct. ", "2548.", "\nTo prevail on a motion for summary judgment, the moving party bears the burden of establishing that there are no genuine issues of material fact and that the nonmoving party has failed to offer sufficient evidence to support a valid legal claim. ", "See Anderson, 477 U.S. at 256, 106 S.Ct. ", "2505; Celotex, 477 U.S. at 325, 106 S.Ct. ", "2548. ", "In ruling on the motion, the court must accept the evidence of the nonmoving party as true and must draw all justifiable inferences in favor of the nonmoving party. ", "See Anderson, 477 U.S. at 255, 106 S.Ct. ", "2505. ", "It is not sufficient, however, for the nonmoving party to establish \"the mere existence of a scintilla of evidence in support of the [nonmoving party's] position ...; there must be evidence on which the jury could reasonably find for the [nonmoving party].\" ", "Id. at 252, 106 S.Ct. ", "2505. ", "If the evidence in favor of the nonmoving party \"is merely colorable, or is not significantly probative, summary judgment may be granted.\" ", "Id. at 249-50, 106 S.Ct. ", "2505 (internal citations omitted). ", "Having determined that there are no genuine issues of material fact in this case and viewing the facts in a light most favorable to the defendant, the court concludes that this case should be remanded to the Foreign Service Grievance Board for further review.", "\n\nB. The Foreign Service Act and the Administrative Procedure Act\nThe Foreign Service Act of 1980 states that \"[a]ny aggrieved party may obtain judicial review of a final action of the Secretary or the Board on any grievance in the district courts of the United States.\" ", "22 U.S.C. § 4140. ", "The jurisdictional review provision of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 incorporates the review standards of the Administrative Procedure Act (\"APA\"), 5 U.S.C. §§ 701-706, which states that the reviewing court shall \"hold unlawful and set aside agency action, findings, and conclusions found to be arbitrary, capricious, ... not in accordance with law\" or \"in excess of statutory ... authority, or limitations, or short of statutory rights.\" ", "5 *20 U.S.C. § 706(2)(A), (D). ", "In reviewing a decision of the Board this court must afford great deference to the Board's decision. ", "See United States v. Paddack, 825 F.2d 504, 514 (D.C.Cir.1987). ", "Additionally \"this court cannot second guess the Board's determination or substitute its own judgment for that of the Board.\" ", "Bosken v. United States, 796 F.Supp. ", "28, 30 (D.D.C.1992).", "\n\nIII. ", "DISCUSSION\nIn his motion for summary judgment, Mr. Bloch argues that the Board erred when it bypassed the question of his entitlement to an annuity and, instead, chose to limit its review to the question of whether any such entitlement was waived. ", "Mr. Bloch contends that it was necessary for the Board to address both questions because \"the effect of Bloch's `waiver' cannot be gauged without knowing whether Bloch was entitled to an immediate annuity.\" (", "Pl.", "'s Opp'n to Def.", "'s Mot. ", "for Summ.", "J. at 3.)", "\nTwo issues were raised before the Board during its adjudication of Mr. Bloch's complaint: whether he (1) was entitled to an annuity; and (2) made an informed intentional decision to waive any entitlement he may have had to an annuity. ", "The Board, however, concluded that the issue of whether or not Mr. Bloch was entitled to an annuity was not essential to its decision and only resolved the issue of waiver. ", "In measuring the validity of Mr. Bloch's waiver, the Board considered Mr. Bloch's personal experience as well as the circumstances surrounding the waiver. ", "Specifically, the Board noted that the document signed by Mr. Bloch \"gave him clear notice that a refund would forfeit any entitlement to an annuity\" and that Mr. Bloch \"was an experienced, very senior officer, and there is no reason to believe he could not make competent, informed choices.\" (", "Record of Proceedings at 29-30.) ", "The Board thus concluded that Mr. Bloch \"made an informed, intentional decision to abandon any right he might have to an annuity.\" (", "Record of Proceedings at 30.) ", "Having ruled that Mr. Bloch's waiver was informed and that he was competent to make such a waiver, the Board ended its inquiry without considering the lawfulness of such a waiver. ", "Accordingly, the Board left unresolved the issue of whether or not Mr. Bloch was entitled to an annuity in the first place.", "\nThe Board's ruling was arbitrary and capricious because its conclusion with respect to the waiver issue was analytically flawed Even if Mr. Bloch's waiver was informed and intentional, it is still necessary to determine whether the waiver was lawful. ", "Waivers that are forbidden by law, e.g., by statute or regulation, are not enforceable. ", "Cf. ", "Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. v. Barrera, 595 F.Supp. ", "894, 902 (D.P.R.1984) (stating that the waiver at issue was invalid because it went \"against the specific language of the Civil Code of Puerto Rico\" and \"waiver provisions like the above are against public policy as established in the Civil Code, and as such, out of reach of the obligations that can be created by private parties in contract\"). ", "In the instant case, the Board found that Mr. Bloch's waiver was \"informed\" and \"intentional\" and then leapt to the conclusion that it was therefore \"valid\" and \"binding.\" (", "See Record of Proceedings at 30.) ", "Missing from the Board's analysis, however, is any discussion regarding whether the waiver, albeit informed and intentional, was lawful. ", "Only upon concluding that Mr. Bloch was not prohibited by law from waiving his entitlement to an annuity could the Board have correctly ruled that the waiver was valid and binding.", "\nMr. Bloch argues essentially that his waiver was unlawful because it was made in contravention of a federal statute, namely 22 U.S.C. § 4055, which states in relevant part that a \"participant is entitled to be paid a lump-sum credit if the participant ... will not become eligible to receive an annuity under this part within 31 days after filing the application.\" ", "22 U.S.C. *21 § 4055(a)(1)(D) (emphasis added). ", "Mr. Bloch contends that, absent some other statutory provision allowing the Department of State to refund the mandatory contributions made by a participant who is eligible to receive an annuity within 31 days after filing an application, 22 U.S.C. § 4055(a)(1)(D) operates to prohibit such a refund. ", "Without expressing an opinion as to the merit of this argument, this court concludes that it is an argument that the Board should have addressed before reaching its conclusion that Mr. Bloch's waiver was valid and binding. ", "Because the Board failed to address the argument, and therefore failed to determine whether or not Mr. Bloch was prohibited by law from waiving any entitlement he may have had to an annuity, the court rules that the Board's decision was arbitrary and capricious. ", "Accordingly, the court will remand this case to the Foreign Service Grievance Board for further review.", "\n\nIV. ", "CONCLUSION\nThe court rules that the plaintiff in this action, Felix S. Bloch, has met his burden of showing that the Federal Service Grievance Board's decision was \"arbitrary, capricious, ... not in accordance with law\" or \"in excess of statutory ... authority, or limitations, or short of statutory rights.\" ", "5 U.S.C. § 706(2)(A) and (D). ", "Accordingly, the case will be remanded to the Board for reconsideration of Mr. Bloch's appeal in a manner consistent with this Memorandum Opinion.", "\n" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nIs there a general strategy for converting linux builds into mac builds?", "\n\nI am trying to build a software library cvBlobs which is designed to help people track blobs using python opencv. ", " In principle it should be possible to build and install the linux distribution, however, in practice I don't know how to do this. ", " Using CMake does not work.", "\nGenerally, to make this happen, what approach would one take? ", " What are the steps? ", " Many people would like to use this library in the Mac OSX environment however they are not able to get past installation.", "\nA good answer could be general, or specific to my problem.", "\nhttp://code.google.com/p/cvblob/\n\nA:\n\nCMake is a great cross-platform build system. ", "I always write my cross-platform applications using this platform so I can build the software on Mac/Windows/Linux without pain.", "\nOne time I even configured CMake to build a Debian package to install a python application I was working on.", "\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

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[ "[November 19, 2008] Girl calls police about mom's drug use\n\nWAUKESHA, Nov 19, 2008 (Milwaukee Journal Sentinel - McClatchy-Tribune Information Services via COMTEX) --\n\n\n\nA 14-year-old girl, tired of her mother's almost daily use of marijuana in front of her and her siblings, called police with the help of a neighbor to report the illegal activity, according to a criminal complaint filed in Waukesha County Circuit Court.", "\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThe 30-year-old Waukesha woman was charged Tuesday with possession of marijuana, possession of an illegally obtained prescription drug, possession of drug paraphernalia and bail jumping, all misdemeanors.", "\n\n\n\nThe charges stem from an investigation that started with an anonymous phone call on Aug. 18 that asked Waukesha police to check on the well-being of the 14-year-old girl and two other children, a 7-year-old and 5-month-old infant, at their home. ", "The caller told police that a female resident at the home was \"constantly doing drugs in front of her children,\" according to the criminal complaint.", "\n\n\n\n\n\nThat night, police talked to the 14-year-old girl, who said she and a neighbor had telephoned authorities.", "\n\n\n\nThe girl told police that she first recognized that her mother was smoking marijuana after the girl learned about the drug in sixth grade during DARE classes, according to the complaint.", "\n\n\n\nThe girl said her mother has smoked marijuana at the house on almost a daily basis with different people, the complaint says. ", "She told police she was willing to make a statement so that her mother could get the help she needed, the complaint states.", "\n\n\n\nThe woman eventually admitted to police that she uses the illegal drug, and investigators found a pot pipe containing burned marijuana residue in a box in the basement, the complaint says.", "\n\n\n\nTo see more of the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, or to subscribe to the newspaper,\n\ngo to http://www.jsonline.com. ", "Copyright (c) 2008, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel\n\nDistributed by McClatchy-Tribune Information Services. ", "For reprints, email\n\ntmsreprints@permissionsgroup.com, call 800-374-7985 or 847-635-6550, send a fax\n\nto 847-635-6968, or write to The Permissions Group Inc., 1247 Milwaukee Ave.,", "\n\nSuite 303, Glenview, IL 60025, USA.", "\n\n[ Back To TMCnet.com's Homepage ]" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nLogin Membership .NET\n\nHi I was wondering what is the best way to force the user to login when arriving at a website, in .net. ", " I have set up the Membership features and I was wondering what is the best way to ensure that no matter what address the user arrives at, they must first get authenticated before proceding to the page they requested. ", " Any resources will be great, thanks.", "\n\nA:\n\nAlter Web.config in application root to read:\n<authentication mode=\"forms\">\n <forms loginUrl=\"Login.aspx\" defaultUrl=\"/\" />\n</authentication>\n<authorization>\n <deny users=\"?\" /", ">\n <allow users=\"*\" />\n</authorization>\n\nSide note: Obviously, ASP.NET can only protect the requests that are handed down to ASP.NET engine. ", "By default, it cannot enforce the security on static resources in IIS classic mode. ", "In that case, to control access to static resources, they should be explicitly mapped to the ASP.NET ISAPI DLL in the IIS configuration. ", "\nMore info about Authorization here: ASP.NET Authorization.", "\n\nA:\n\nForms Authentication explained\nHere's a sample from a web.config\n<forms loginUrl=\"Login.aspx\"\n protection=\"All\"\n timeout=\"30\"\n name=\".", "ASPXAUTH\" \n path=\"/\"\n requireSSL=\"false\"\n slidingExpiration=\"true\"\n defaultUrl=\"default.aspx\"\n cookieless=\"UseDeviceProfile\"\n enableCrossAppRedirects=\"false\" />\n\n" ]

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[ "Privacy & Cookies: This site uses cookies. ", "By continuing to use this website, you agree to their use.", "\n\nTo find out more, including how to control cookies, see here: Privacy & Cookies: This site uses cookies. ", "By continuing to use this website, you agree to their use.", "To find out more, including how to control cookies, see here: Cookie Policy\n\nUnder a (probably) cloudy sky the eyes of a silent, expectant crowd – sated with Pimms and strawberries and cream – fixed on the ball as it was gently tossed from the server’s hands and arced in a gentle parabola; the whisper of a collective intake of breath broken by a sharp ‘toc’ as the tennis ball made contact with the onrushing racket and went hurtling towards the opponent. ", "People have been watching a similar sight since real tennis came into being in the Middle Ages, derived from the French racket-less game of jeu de paume (which also gave rise to handball). ", "One such person was Sir Isaac Newton, who in a paper written in 1672, wondered why it was that a tennis ball was able to follow ‘such a curveline’ as it went from its origin to its destination.", "\n\n\n\nThe game of tennis as Wimbledon crowds know it today was invented by Major Walter Wingfield in 1873 and a few years later Lord Rayleigh followed up on Newton’s musings in his paper On the Irregular Flight of a Tennis Ball, in which he sought an explanation for why ‘a rapidly rotating ball moving through the air will often deviate considerably from the vertical plane’. ", "In it, he credited the work of the German scientist Gustav Magnus, who in the mid-19th Century was studying the deflection of projectiles from firearms.", "\n\nA ball with spin will rotate, with half of the ball rotating in a direction opposed to the incoming air flow and the other half rotating in the same direction as the flow. ", "Bernouilli’s Equation relates pressure and velocity according to the formula $$p +\\frac{1}{2}\\rho v^2 = \\mathrm{constant\\ (along\\ a\\ streamline)},$$ where $p$ is pressure, $\\rho$ is fluid density and $v$ is velocity. ", "The side of the ball that is spinning into the incoming air will cause the air to slow down and Bernouilli’s Equation tells us that this will result in an increase in pressure ($v$ decreases, thus $p$ must increase). ", "The opposite occurs for the side of the ball spinning in the same direction as the air: the air speeds up and pressure decreases. ", "Hence we have regions of higher and lower pressure, causing the ball to veer in the direction of least pressure. ", "Such a phenomenon is known as the Magnus Effect and provides us with a simplified description of the ball’s motion.", "\n\nIn 1904, the aerodynamicist Ludwig Prandtl discovered that a thin layer of fluid, known as a boundary layer, exists on the surface of a moving object: it is the separation of this layer from the tennis ball (occurring earlier if the ball is moving into the fluid, later if it is retreating, as in the picture below) that results in pressure differences and gives rise to the Magnus Effect.", "\n\nDespite being able to serve at phenomenal speeds (the fastest ever serve at Wimbledon was the 148 mph achieved by Taylor Phillip Dent in 2010), tennis players have to make use of the Magnus Effect to add unpredictability to their serves and keep their opponents on their toes. ", "A stroke on the side of the ball with the racket when serving will make the ball rotate around a vertical axis, known as a slice serve, and cause it to follow a curved path as it flies through the air. ", "Adding top spin on the other hand by arching the racket to brush up the back and over the top of the ball will result in the ball rotating about a horizontal axis and dropping more quickly, giving it a higher bounce when it lands on the other side. ", "Tennis players will in general make use of both top spin and slice at the same time when serving, trying to bamboozle their opponents with the flight of the ball and its bounce.", "\n\nFaster than the eye could see, the tennis ball flew through the air. ", "Lost in a blur of green, it curved majestically around, reaching its maximum perpendicular displacement from the vertical plane between server and intended target as it zipped over the net. ", "Before the opponent had time to move, before the heads of those in the crowd had, en masse, snapped round from left to right in a vain attempt to keep up with the ball, the ball completed its precipitous drop and thumped against the pristine grass, spinning away in mockery.", "\n\nDr Nick Ovenden Dr Nick Ovenden is a senior lecturer in Mathematics at University College London, currently focusing on developing mathematical models of problems from medicine and industry.", "\n\nhttps://iris.ucl.ac.uk/iris/browse/profile?upi=NCOVE55 + More articles by Dr Nick" ]

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[ "<?", "php\n/**\n * Copyright © Magento, Inc. All rights reserved.", "\n * See COPYING.txt for license details.", "\n */\nnamespace Magento\\Shipping\\Model\\Tracking\\Result;\n\nclass AbstractResult extends \\Magento\\Framework\\DataObject\n{\n}\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

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[ "<test-metadata>\n <benchmark-version>1.2</benchmark-version>\n <category>weakrand</category>\n <test-number>02506</test-number>\n <vulnerability>true</vulnerability>\n <cwe>330</cwe>\n</test-metadata>\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

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[ "Abilities\n\nPotato Mine\n\nPotato Mine is a passive attack piece that deals 175 damage to any zombies that step on it.", "\n\nPizzazzling Potato Mine (GW2 only)\n\nThe Pizzazzling Potato Mine is an alternate ability that's basically a reskin of the Potato Mine. ", "It has no differences except that it's golden, surrounded by gems, and releases glitter and makes a different sound when detonated.", "\n\nGarlic Drone\n\nGarlic Drone is a flight-capable drone with five health. ", "Its primary weapon is the Needle Shot, and it's abilities are to descend, ascend, and the Corn Strike.", "\n\nTallnut Battlement\n\nTallnut Battlement is a wall of two Tall-nuts and two Wall-nuts held together by vines with a decent amount of health. ", "It can be used to stall zombies or provide cover.", "\n\nPotato Nugget Mine\n\nAn alternate ability of Potato Mine, Potato Nugget Mine is smaller and does less damage. ", "However, it is easier to camouflage and the player can place more of them at once compared to Potato Mine.", "\n\nArtichoke Drone\n\nAn alternate ability of Garlic Drone, Artichoke Drone has 20 health instead of the Garlic Drone's five. ", "Its primary weapon is the Artichoke Hearts, and it's abilities are to descend, ascend, and the Baby Corn.", "\n\nIron Maiden\n\nAn alternate ability of Tallnut Battlement, Iron Maiden is an armored Wall-nut that is hard to destroy. ", "It is much stronger than the Tallnut Battlement; its only downside is its smaller size.", "\n\nRed Artichoke\n\nAnother alternate ability of the Garlic Drone, it is a faster version of the Artichoke Drone with only five health. ", "It shares its primary weapon and all but one ability with the Artichoke Drone, and it's version of the Baby Corn is slightly different.", "\n\nDark Garlic Drone\n\nDark Garlic Drone is yet another alternate ability of the Garlic Drone with five health and a very different weapon. ", "Its primary weapon is the Dark Garlic, which fires slower, deals more damage, and has splash. ", "Its abilities are to descend, ascend, and an altered version of the Corn Strike.", "\n\nStrategies\n\nConsider Citrus Cactus to be a Sun Pharaoh with much longer range. ", "Her weapon fires three consecutive shots in a burst, which can deal a lot of damage if they all hit critically. ", "Combine this with the abilities of the Cactus class, and you have a ranged powerhouse who can lock down points on the map as she pleases, along with the firepower to stay there.", "\n\nWeapon upgrades\n\nDescription about the Citrus Cactus's weapon upgrades\n\nEnhanced Juicer\n\nA streamlined juicing process resulting in quicker and more delicious reloads." ]

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[ "[Evaluation of the nutritional state of patients with maxillo-facial pathology].", "\nWe have studied 19 patients with maxillo-facial trauma from the nutritional point at view. ", "We observed that subjects with serious multiple fractures need a high caloric intake (a positive nitrogen balance is achieved by 100% of patients only when their intake is greater than or equal to 46 cal./kg/day) while patients with less serious fractures need lower caloric intake. ", "The A. underline the importance of nutritional therapy in the patients with \"intramaxillar fixation\" both for the practical and psychological problems connected with their feeding and for the relationship between nutritional conditions and \"metabolic response\"." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "David Obst\n\nDavid Obst is an American literary agent and author. ", "Obst was the agent of Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward. ", "He also was involved in the productions of the films Revenge of the Nerds, Fast Times at Ridgemont High, and All the President's Men.", "\n\nLife\n\nAlex Kyczynski of The New York Times stated, \"Obst says he was born in 1946, but he also says his mother was pregnant with him a month after D-Day, so we can't be sure how accurate a historian he is to begin with.\" ", "Obst originated from Culver City, California. ", "He attended the University of California, Berkeley.", "\n\nAround 1969 Obst went to Taiwan to study the Chinese language and later moved to Washington, DC where he became Seymour Hersh's literary agent. ", "Obst had associated with Abbie Hoffman. ", "In a review of Obst's book, Too Good to Be Forgotten, Hersh stated that Obst was \"in the middle of\" important political movements in the 1960s and 1970s.", "\n\nIn 1977 Obst had about 50 clients. ", "On February 1 of that year he was shifting into being a publisher. ", "Obst stated that he had less success as a publisher compared to being an agent. ", "He published Roadfood.", "\n\nAuthor\nIn 1998 Obst wrote that Deep Throat was a composite person.", "\n\nPersonal\nHe married and later divorced Lynda Obst. ", "As of 1998 he lived in Santa Barbara, California.", "\n\nPublications\n Too Good to Be Forgotten\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:Year of birth missing (living people)\nCategory:Living people\nCategory:American writers\nCategory:People from Santa Barbara, California\nCategory:University of California, Berkeley alumni" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

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[ " 2013 IL App (2d) 120088\n No. ", "2-12-0088\n Opinion filed September 25, 2013\n______________________________________________________________________________\n\n IN THE\n\n APPELLATE COURT OF ILLINOIS\n\n SECOND DISTRICT\n______________________________________________________________________________\n\nTHE PEOPLE OF THE STATE ) Appeal from the Circuit Court\nOF ILLINOIS, ) of Kendall County.", "\n )\n Plaintiff-Appellee, )\n )\nv. ) No. ", "11-CF-140\n )\nJASON E. KIDD, ) Honorable\n ) John A. Barsanti,\n Defendant-Appellant. ", " ) Judge, Presiding.", "\n______________________________________________________________________________\n\n JUSTICE McLAREN delivered the judgment of the court, with opinion.", "\n Justices Schostok and Spence concurred in the judgment and opinion.", "\n\n OPINION\n\n¶1 Defendant, Jason E. Kidd, was indicted on one count of drug-induced homicide (720 ILCS\n\n5/9-3.3(a) (West 2010)) “by knowingly delivering cocaine, a controlled substance to Merrideth [sic]\n\nM. Castro and [she] thereafter inhaled or ingested a portion of the cocaine into her body and said\n\ninhalation or ingestion of cocaine caused [her] death.” ", "Following a jury trial, defendant was\n\nconvicted and sentenced to a term of 10 years’ imprisonment and 3 years’ mandatory supervised\n\nrelease. ", "He timely appealed.", "\n\n¶2 Defendant contends that the trial court erred in refusing his tendered jury instructions and that\n\nhe received ineffective assistance of counsel. ", "We determine that defendant’s first issue lacks merit;\n\f2013 IL App (2d) 120088\n\n\nhowever, his second issue is meritorious and, therefore, we reverse defendant’s conviction and\n\nremand for a new trial.", "\n\n¶3 I. BACKGROUND\n\n¶4 On March 7, 2010, defendant found his girlfriend, Meredith Castro, facedown on an upstairs\n\nbedroom floor. ", "He rolled her over and immediately realized that she was dead. ", "He called the police.", "\n\n¶5 Alex Silva, an Oswego fire department paramedic, testified that he and his partner were\n\ndispatched to a townhouse in Oswego in response to a call of an unconscious or unresponsive person.", "\n\nUpon arriving at the townhouse, Silva and his partner were met by defendant, who said that Castro\n\nwas upstairs and was not breathing. ", "Silva and his partner found her lying faceup on the floor,\n\nunresponsive, with no pulse, and not breathing. ", "After confirming that she had no heart activity,\n\nrespiration, or pulse, they told defendant that Castro was deceased. ", "Silva testified that defendant was\n\nupset.", "\n\n¶6 Defendant told Silva that he and Castro had used cocaine on the previous day. ", "He also told\n\nSilva that Castro had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), congestive heart failure, and\n\nother cardiac issues, and that she was took insulin and other medications. ", "Silva then contacted a\n\nnearby hospital and received a “pronouncement” of death, which is different from a time of death.", "\n\nSilva and his partner alerted the coroner’s office and then left the scene.", "\n\n¶7 Officer Matthew Unger, of the Oswego police department, testified that he and his partner\n\nwere called to a townhouse in the early morning of March 7 to assist paramedics with a “possibly\n\ndeceased person.” ", "When he arrived between 6:30 and 7 a.m., he went upstairs and saw Castro lying\n\nfaceup on a bedroom floor. ", "She was not breathing and had no pulse or heart activity. ", "He stated that\n\n“[w]hen we were assessing her, we noticed that she was stiff.” ", "He then went downstairs and spoke\n\n\n\n -2-\n\f2013 IL App (2d) 120088\n\n\nwith defendant in the living room. ", "Defendant stated that he had lived with Castro in the townhouse\n\nfor two years. ", "The previous day, Castro was upset because her cat had died. ", "Defendant told Unger\n\nthat in the evening he and Castro had consumed “powder cocaine” and marijuana, then watched a\n\nmovie together. ", "Castro went upstairs to bed between 10 and 11 p.m. Defendant stayed downstairs\n\nand slept on the couch. ", "Around 6:30 a.m. he went upstairs and found Castro on the floor in the\n\nbedroom. ", "Defendant told Unger that he vomited after he found Castro, and then he called the police.", "\n\nDefendant told Unger that Castro had congestive “heart failure, COPD, high blood pressure, and\n\ndiabetes.”", "\n\n¶8 Detective Rob Sherwood, of the Oswego police department, testified that he was the “on-call\n\ninvestigator” on March 7, 2010, and responded to a call for a “suspicious death investigation” at a\n\nresidence. ", "He arrived around 8 a.m. The scene had already been processed, so he made\n\narrangements to interview defendant at the police station. ", "Defendant was not under arrest. ", "The\n\ninterview was recorded and a video recording and a transcript were admitted into evidence and\n\npublished to the jury.", "\n\n¶9 During the interview, defendant told Sherwood that Castro wanted to get cocaine because\n\nshe was upset that her cat had died. ", "Defendant admitted to smoking marijuana almost daily, and he\n\nstated that Castro knew about his drug use. ", "Defendant stated that Castro had used cocaine frequently\n\nin the past but had not used it for about a year. ", "He stated that “last night she said, ‘Go get me a bag\n\nof cocaine.’ ” ", "He then stated that he “went to the bar, got us a bag, we went home. ", "We did it. ", "And\n\nwe smoked pot.”", "\n\n\n\n\n -3-\n\f2013 IL App (2d) 120088\n\n\n¶ 10 On cross-examination, Sherwood stated that he did not ask specific questions about the drug\n\ntransaction at the bar, such as whether anyone was with him or where the money for the drug\n\npurchase came from.", "\n\n¶ 11 Officer Chad Vargas, an investigator with the Oswego police department, testified that on\n\nMay 9, 2011, he and Sherwood arrested defendant for drug-induced homicide. ", "After giving\n\ndefendant his Miranda warnings, they interviewed him at the police station. ", "A transcript of the\n\ninterview was admitted into evidence and published to the jury. ", "Defendant stated that, after he\n\nreturned from disposing of Castro’s deceased cat, she said “let’s get a bag [of cocaine].” ", "She went\n\nto an ATM for cash. ", "At first defendant stated that they could have gone to one of three bars, or they\n\ncould have had the cocaine delivered. ", "Vargas reminded him that in the previous interview in March\n\n2010 defendant stated that they went to one bar and then returned home and snorted the cocaine.", "\n\nWhen asked if the purchase was at one particular bar, defendant responded, “uh-huh.” ", "Defendant\n\nalso told Vargas that Castro possessed morphine, Xanax, and Vicodin and that she sometimes\n\nsmoked “crack” cocaine.", "\n\n¶ 12 Dr. John Denton, a forensic pathologist, performed an autopsy on Castro on March 9, 2010.", "\n\nCastro was 5 feet 2 inches tall and weighed 260 pounds. ", "He testified that the settling of her blood\n\nindicated that she had been placed on her back “soon after death.” ", "Castro’s lungs were “heavy or\n\ncongested” with blood but she did not have blood clots, pneumonia, asthma, COPD, emphysema,\n\nor cancer. ", "Her heart was enlarged and her main arteries were partially (“moderately”) blocked. ", "Her\n\nliver was fatty and enlarged, which Dr. Denton opined was “related to her obesity and diabetes.” ", "Her\n\nbrain was swollen. ", "The toxicology report noted evidence of morphine consumption, at 290\n\nnanograms per milliliter. ", "According to Dr. Denton, this is an elevated level. ", "He stated that over 100\n\n\n\n -4-\n\f2013 IL App (2d) 120088\n\n\nnanograms is “a potential cause of death.” ", "Dr. Denton testified that, while cocaine is a stimulant,\n\nmorphine is a narcotic that, as a sedative, leads to respiratory depression. ", "He opined that hypoxia\n\n(deficiency of oxygen reaching body tissues) caused by “cocaine and opiate intoxication” was the\n\ncause of death. ", "There was no way to determine which drug was ingested first or whether they were\n\ningested at the same time.", "\n\n¶ 13 Dr. James O’Donnell, an associate professor of pharmacology at Rush Medical College,\n\ntestified for the defense as an expert on pharmacy and pharmacology. ", "O’Donnell’s training included\n\nhow to study and interpret toxicology results, and he had spent 40 years researching the effects and\n\ntoxicity of morphine.", "\n\n¶ 14 Dr. O’Donnell opined that the ratio of cocaine to its metabolite, benzoylecgonine, in Castro’s\n\nblood was “extremely high,” indicating that most of the cocaine in her system had been metabolized.", "\n\nThis in turn indicated “a use distant from the time of death.” ", "The level of morphine in her blood was\n\na “highly toxic level” that was “lethal.” ", "O’Donnell further opined that Castro consumed the\n\nmorphine sometime after defendant had gone to bed. ", "His opinion was based on the absorption rate\n\nof morphine and the level of morphine in Castro’s blood as indicated in the toxicology report.", "\n\n¶ 15 The toxicology report also indicated the presence of the anti-anxiety drug Xanax at a\n\ntherapeutic level, i.e., “a level that is expected from taking [it] at prescribed doses.” ", "O’Donnell\n\ntestified that, if Xanax and morphine are combined, “the effect of the Xanax enhances the toxicity\n\nof the morphine.” ", "Alcohol would have the same depressant effect.", "\n\n¶ 16 Defendant testified on his own behalf. ", "He stated that on the afternoon of March 6, 2010,\n\nCastro suggested that they get some cocaine. ", "He and Castro were well known at several bars in the\n\narea, and he knew that they would be able to buy cocaine at one of them. ", "They stopped at an ATM\n\n\n\n -5-\n\f2013 IL App (2d) 120088\n\n\nwhere Castro withdrew $120 from her bank account and they then went to a bar where she handed\n\ndefendant $20 to buy a shot of whiskey for her and a beer for him. ", "He went to the back room and\n\nplayed pool; he did not know if she drank her shot. ", "He stated that Castro went outside and then\n\nreturned and said, “Let’s go.” ", "They were at the bar for about 10 minutes. ", "When they got home, she\n\ntold defendant to roll a “blunt” and then took a bag of cocaine from her bra. ", "She told him it was\n\nslightly less than an “eightball” (one-eighth of an ounce). ", "They snorted the cocaine and smoked\n\ncannabis over the next three hours. ", "They did not drink any alcohol. ", "During the evening they played\n\nvideo games and watched movies. ", "Between 10:30 and 11:30 p.m., defendant went downstairs and\n\nslept on the couch. ", "Castro was awake and alert, and defendant did not notice any unusual behavior.", "\n\n¶ 17 Between 5:30 and 6 a.m., defendant awoke and walked the dog, then called upstairs to\n\nCastro. ", "She did not respond, so he went upstairs and found her lying facedown on the floor. ", "He\n\nrolled her over, immediately realized that she was deceased, and vomited. ", "He then called the police.", "\n\nWithin minutes the paramedics arrived, and then the police.", "\n\n¶ 18 Defendant testified that he vaguely remembered talking to Unger. ", "He felt as though his\n\n“whole world had fallen apart”; it was traumatic and he was crying. ", "He completed a written\n\nstatement and then went to the Oswego police department. ", "Sherwood interviewed him at the police\n\nstation. ", "He was confused by Sherwood’s questions.", "\n\n¶ 19 In May 2011, 14 months later, Sherwood and Vargas arrested defendant and told him that\n\nhe was being charged with drug-induced homicide. ", "They did not explain the charge. ", "Vargas\n\ninterviewed him and asked him to summarize what he had told Sherwood in March 2010. ", "Defendant\n\ndid so as well as he could. ", "He testified that his mind was clearer at the second interview, but he still\n\nhad trouble recalling some of the events leading up to Castro’s death.", "\n\n\n\n -6-\n\f2013 IL App (2d) 120088\n\n\n¶ 20 Following closing arguments, the trial court instructed the jury on the applicable law. ", "Over\n\ndefendant’s objection, the trial court instructed the jury with Illinois Pattern Jury Instructions,\n\nCriminal, No. ", "7.15 (4th ed. ", "2000) (hereinafter, IPI Criminal 4th), as follows:\n\n “In order for you to find that the acts of the defendant or one for whose conduct he\n\n is legally responsible caused the death of Meredith Castro, the State must prove beyond a\n\n reasonable doubt that defendant’s acts were a contributing cause of the death and that the\n\n death did not result from a cause unconnected with the defendant. ", "However it is not\n\n necessary that you find the acts of the defendant were the sole and immediate cause of\n\n death.”", "\n\n¶ 21 Defendant offered a non-IPI jury instruction that read as follows:\n\n “The term ‘proximate cause’ means any cause which, in the natural or probable sequence,\n\n produced the death. ", "It need not be the only cause, nor the last or nearest cause. ", "It is\n\n sufficient if it concurs with some other cause acting at the same time, which in combination\n\n with it causes the death.”", "\n\nIn refusing the tendered instruction, the trial court remarked that IPI Criminal 4th No. ", "7.15\n\n“adequately describe[d] the proximate cause responsibility the State has and adequately describe[d]\n\nthe intervening and superseding events and adequately describe[d] the foreseeability.”", "\n\n¶ 22 A second proposed instruction, which was also refused, read as follows:\n\n “Proximate cause is a cause that directly produces an event and without which the event\n\n would not have occurred. ", "Proximate cause is established if Meredith Castro’s death was\n\n foreseeable as the type of harm that a reasonable person would expect to see as the result of\n\n Defendant’s conduct.”", "\n\n\n\n -7-\n\f2013 IL App (2d) 120088\n\n\n¶ 23 The jury was also instructed with IPI Criminal 4th No. ", "7.27, which read, “[a] person commits\n\nthe offense of drug induced homicide when he knowingly delivers to another a substance containing\n\nCocaine, a controlled substance, *** and any person dies as a result of the ingestion of any amount\n\nof that controlled substance.”", "\n\n¶ 24 Also over defendant’s objection, the trial court instructed the jury on accountability with IPI\n\nCriminal 4th No. ", "5.03, as follows:\n\n “A person is legally responsible for the conduct of another person when, either before\n\n or during the commission of an offense, and with the intent to promote or facilitate the\n\n commission of an offense, he knowingly solicits, aids, abets, agrees to aid, or attempts to aid\n\n the other person in the planning or commission of an offense.", "\n\n The word ‘conduct’ includes any criminal act done in furtherance of the planned and\n\n intended act.”", "\n\n¶ 25 The trial court also instructed the jury with only the third paragraph of IPI Criminal 4th No.", "\n\n17.05A. No objection was made by the defense regarding omitting the first two paragraphs, nor did\n\ndefense counsel submit this instruction in its entirety. ", "The whole instruction reads:\n\n “The word ‘deliver’ means to transfer possession or to attempt to transfer possession.", "\n\n The word ‘deliver’ includes a constructive transfer of possession which occurs\n\n without an actual physical transfer. ", "When the conduct or declarations of the person who has\n\n the right to exercise control over a thing is such as to effectively relinquish the right of\n\n control to another person, so that the other person is then in constructive possession, there\n\n has been a delivery.", "\n\n\n\n\n -8-\n\f2013 IL App (2d) 120088\n\n\n A delivery may occur with or without the transfer or exchange of money, or with or\n\n without the transfer or exchange of other consideration.” ", "IPI Criminal 4th No. ", "17.05A.\n\n¶ 26 During deliberations, the jury sent a note to the trial court which read: “Request cause of\n\ndeath report from Dr. Denton.” ", "In response, the trial court sent “People’s Exhibit #7,” which was\n\nthe autopsy report and the toxicology report. ", "The cause of death was listed as “cocaine and opiate\n\nintoxication.” ", "Thereafter, the jury returned a guilty verdict. ", "Defendant timely appealed.", "\n\n¶ 27 II. ", "ANALYSIS\n\n¶ 28 A. Tendered Instructions\n\n¶ 29 Defendant first argues that “the conflicting evidence regarding the cause of Castro’s death\n\nmade it imperative for the trial court to give the ‘proximate cause’ instructions tendered by the\n\ndefense.” ", "Illinois Supreme Court Rule 451 (eff. ", "July 1, 2006) states:\n\n “(a) Use of IPI Criminal Instructions; Requirements of Other Instructions. ", "Whenever\n\n Illinois Pattern Jury Instructions, Criminal, contains an instruction applicable in a criminal\n\n case, giving due consideration to the facts and the governing law, and the court determines\n\n that the jury should be instructed on the subject, the IPI Criminal instruction shall be used,\n\n unless the court determines that it does not accurately state the law.”", "\n\nOur review is de novo “because the issue raised concerns whether the jury was provided with the\n\ncorrect legal principles that apply in this case, thereby allowing the jury to reach a proper result based\n\non the applicable law and the evidence.” ", "People v. Walker, 2012 IL App (2d) 110288, ¶ 18.", "\n\n¶ 30 As a preface to our discussion of the jury-instruction issue, we point out the following\n\nlegislative history of the language regarding causation in the drug-induced homicide statute. ", "In 2005,\n\n\n\n\n -9-\n\f2013 IL App (2d) 120088\n\n\nour legislature attempted to make the statute’s definition of cause consistent with that in other\n\nhomicide statutes. ", "Prior to January 1, 2006, the statute read:\n\n “§ 9-3.3. ", "Drug-induced homicide.", "\n\n (a) A person who violates Section 401 of the Illinois Controlled Substances Act by\n\n unlawfully delivering a controlled substance to another, and any person dies as a result of\n\n the injection, inhalation or ingestion of any amount of that controlled substance, commits the\n\n offense of drug-induced homicide.” (", "Emphasis added.) ", "720 ILCS 5/9-3.3(a) (West 2004).", "\n\nEffective January 1, 2006, the language of the statute was amended as follows:\n\n “§ 9-3.3. ", "Drug-induced homicide.", "\n\n (a) A person who violates Section 401 of the Illinois Controlled Substances Act ***\n\nby unlawfully delivering a controlled substance to another, and any person’s death is caused by the\n\ninjection, inhalation or ingestion of any amount of that controlled substance, commits the offense\n\nof drug-induced homicide.” (", "Emphasis added.) ", "720 ILCS 5/9-3.3(a) (West 2010)\n\n¶ 31 In the discussion on the House floor regarding the proposed change, Representative Pihos\n\nstated that the change was:\n\n “cleanup language. ", "It provides that a person who unlawfully delivers a controlled substance\n\n to another and any person’s death is caused by the injection, inhalation, or ingestion of any\n\n amount of that controlled substance, commits the offense of drug-induced homicide. ", "The\n\n reason for the change is to provide clarity in the law relating to drug-induced homicide. ", "The\n\n causation language is the same as the other homicide language in the law.” (", "Emphasis\n\n added.) ", "94th Ill. Gen. Assem., ", "House Proceedings, April 5, 2005, at 85 (statements of\n\n Representative Pihos).", "\n\n\n\n -10-\n\f2013 IL App (2d) 120088\n\n\nIn the Illinois Senate, Senator Sandoval stated: “House Bill 1109 amends the drug-induced homicide\n\nSection of the Criminal Code to extend criminal liability for any deaths caused as a result of\n\nunlawful delivery of a controlled substance by injection, inhalation or [ingestion].” (", "Emphasis\n\nadded.) ", "94th Ill. Gen. Assem., ", "Senate Proceedings, May 18, 2005, at 39 (statements of Senator\n\nSandoval). ", "This abbreviated discussion indicates that the legislature intended to change the language\n\nso that it mirrored the language of other homicide statutes, which refer to “acts which cause the\n\ndeath” of an individual, whether such act is intentional (720 ILCS 5/9-1 (West 2010) (first degree\n\nmurder)), negligent (720 ILCS 5/9-2 (West 2010) (second degree murder)), or reckless (720 ILCS\n\n5/9-3 (West 2010) (involuntary manslaughter and reckless homicide)). ", "There does not appear to\n\nhave been an intent to make a significant change in the underlying meaning of the concept of\n\ncausation.", "\n\n¶ 32 We turn to the issue raised on appeal. ", "Defendant offered a non-IPI jury instruction that\n\ndefined proximate cause as a cause directly producing an event and without which the event would\n\nnot have occurred. ", "A second instruction offered by defendant stated further that proximate cause\n\nwas established if Castro’s death was foreseeable as the type of harm that a reasonable person would\n\nexpect to result from defendant’s conduct. ", "Defendant argues that he could not have anticipated that\n\nthe sequence of events would result in Castro’s death. ", "However, as the State points out,\n\n“foreseeability” does not require that the person charged with the crime foresee either the extent of\n\nthe injury (in this case, death) or the exact way in which it occurs (in this case, the ingestion of both\n\ncocaine and morphine). ", "See People v. Cook, 2011 IL App (4th) 090875, ¶ 18 (“Although the\n\nforeseeability of an injury will establish [proximate] cause, the extent of the injury or the exact way\n\nin which it occurs need not be foreseeable.” (", "Internal quotation marks omitted.)).", "\n\n\n\n -11-\n\f2013 IL App (2d) 120088\n\n\n¶ 33 The drug-induced-homicide statute incorporates the “knowing” mental state element from\n\nsection 401 of the Controlled Substances Act. ", "People v. Boand, 362 Ill. App. ", "3d 106, 142 (2005);\n\nsee 720 ILCS 570/401(a) (West 2010). ", "Explaining the mental state of “knowingly,” the Third\n\nDistrict Appellate Court has stated that the defendant “just needs to make a knowing delivery of a\n\ncontrolled substance, and if any person then dies as a result of taking that substance, the defendant\n\nis responsible for that person’s death.” ", "People v. Faircloth, 234 Ill. App. ", "3d 386, 391 (1992). ", "The\n\nBoand court determined:\n\n “A person commits drug-induced homicide if he ‘violates Section 401 of the Illinois\n\n Controlled Substances Act [(the Act) (720 ILCS 570/401 (West 2004))] by unlawfully\n\n delivering a controlled substance to another, and any person dies as a result of the injection,\n\n inhalation or ingestion of any amount of that controlled substance.’ ", "720 ILCS 5/9-3.3(a)\n\n (West 2004).” ", "Boand, 362 Ill. App. ", "3d at 139.", "\n\n¶ 34 Defendant argues that it was not subjectively foreseeable that Castro would die, because he\n\ncould not have anticipated Castro’s additional ingestion of morphine. ", "The State responds that\n\ndefendant’s knowledge that Castro possessed morphine made it subjectively foreseeable that she\n\nmight take morphine that night. ", "However, under the proximate-cause theory of criminal liability,\n\nliability attaches for any death proximately resulting from the unlawful activity. ", "Id. at 142. ", "We\n\nagree with the State that the concept of “proximate cause” was adequately explained by the language\n\nof IPI Criminal 4th 7.15. ", "We are not convinced that the defense instructions would have more fully\n\ninformed the jury’s deliberations; in fact, the proffered instructions seem to confuse the concept of\n\ncausation with a foreseeable result. ", "Therefore, we conclude that the trial court did not err in refusing\n\ndefendant’s tendered instructions on proximate cause.", "\n\n\n\n -12-\n\f2013 IL App (2d) 120088\n\n\n¶ 35 B. Ineffective Assistance of Counsel\n\n¶ 36 Defendant next argues that he was denied the effective assistance of counsel, because defense\n\ncounsel failed to offer a jury instruction defining the term “delivery.” ", "Under Strickland v.\n\nWashington, 466 U.S. 668, 688, 694 (1984), a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel can succeed\n\nonly if the defendant demonstrates both that: (1) counsel’s performance was objectively\n\nunreasonable; and (2) it is reasonably probable that, but for counsel’s unprofessional errors, the result\n\nof the proceeding would have been different. ", "Counsel’s performance is measured by “prevailing\n\nprofessional norms.” ", "Id. at 688. ", "Further, “a reasonable probability that the result *** would have\n\nbeen different is a probability sufficient to undermine confidence in the outcome”; in other words,\n\ncounsel’s deficient performance must have rendered the outcome of the trial “unreliable or\n\nfundamentally unfair.” (", "Internal quotation marks omitted.) ", "People v. Manning, 241 Ill. 2d 319,\n\n327-28 (2011).", "\n\n¶ 37 The committee notes for IPI Criminal No. ", "7.27 state that if the trial court chooses to define\n\nthe term “deliver,” IPI Criminal 4th No. ", "17.05A should be used. ", "IPI Criminal 4th No. ", "17.05A, in\n\nits entirety, reads as follows:\n\n “The word ‘deliver’ means to transfer possession or to attempt to transfer possession.", "\n\n The word ‘deliver’ includes a constructive transfer of possession which occurs\n\n without an actual physical transfer. ", "When the conduct or declarations of the person who has\n\n the right to exercise control over a thing is such as to effectively relinquish the right of\n\n control to another person, so that the other person is then in constructive possession, there\n\n has been a delivery.", "\n\n\n\n\n -13-\n\f2013 IL App (2d) 120088\n\n\n A delivery may occur with or without the transfer or exchange of money, or with or\n\n without the transfer or exchange of other consideration.”", "\n\n¶ 38 Defendant poses the question of what conduct falls within the legal definition of “delivery.”", "\n\nHere, because there was a question for the fact finder as to who actually “possessed” the cocaine, IPI\n\nCriminal 17.05A should have been given in its entirety. ", "This situation is analogous to that in People\n\nv. Coots, 2012 IL App (2d) 100592 ¶ 41, where “the ultimate issue” was whether any physical\n\ntransfer of heroin from the defendant to the deceased was a delivery. ", "In Coots, the defendant\n\ntestified that the deceased originated the idea of procuring heroin and paid for it. ", "On the other hand,\n\nthe defendant made the calls, located a supplier, and ordered the drugs. ", "They both were present\n\nwhen the supplier delivered the heroin, but the supplier handed it to the defendant, who put it in her\n\npocket.", "\n\n¶ 39 This court noted that Coots was a close and difficult case on the facts and determined that\n\n“[e]ither the existence or the nonexistence of joint possession at a pertinent time could have been\n\nfound by a reasonable jury.” (", "Emphasis in original.) ", "Id. ¶ 42. ", "This court recognized that the jury,\n\nwithout guidance on the meaning of “delivery” in the drug-induced homicide statute, “might well\n\nhave given the term a broader meaning than it deserves to the prejudice of defendant.” ", "Id. ¶ 45.", "\n\nTherefore, this court agreed with the defendant that her trial counsel’s failure to tender an instruction\n\nthat would have limited the definition of “delivery” amounted to ineffective assistance.", "\n\n¶ 40 Here, the State never alleged that defendant delivered either Xanax or morphine to Castro.", "\n\nThus, the linchpin of the State’s case was that Castro’s death directly resulted from defendant’s\n\n“knowingly delivering cocaine” to her.1 The State unpersuasively argues that the evidence showed\n\n\n\n 1\n An exact time of death was not established, a factor that could have affected the opinions\n\n -14-\n\f2013 IL App (2d) 120088\n\n\nthat defendant had exclusive possession of the cocaine until he delivered it to Castro. ", "Defendant’s\n\nstatements in the two interviews with the police and in his testimony at trial were fairly consistent\n\nregarding his activities on the afternoon and evening of March 6, 2010. ", "However, a question of fact\n\nfor the jury was whether Castro and defendant bought the cocaine together or one or the other\n\nactually purchased and possessed it. ", "If Castro and defendant jointly possessed the cocaine, there was\n\nno delivery. ", "See Coots, 2012 IL App (2d) 100592, ¶ 44. ", "The rule that possession must be exclusive\n\ndoes not mean that the possession may not be joint; if two persons share immediate and exclusive\n\ncontrol or share the intention and power to exercise control, then each has possession. ", "People v.\n\nSchmalz, 194 Ill. 2d 75, 82 (2000). ", "Where possession has been shown, an inference of guilty\n\nknowledge can be drawn from the surrounding facts and circumstances. ", "Id. The fact of possession\n\nmust be shown beyond a reasonable doubt. ", "Id.\n\n¶ 41 As Justice McLaren pointed out in his special concurrence in Coots:\n\n “[t]he concept of dominion and control relates to the understanding between the parties that\n\n they are ‘entitled’ to exercise dominion and control. ", "Whether the understanding is based\n\n upon a joint venture, the contemplation or threat of force, or some other abstruse concept,\n\n it is not required that legally consistent concepts of dominion and control be the sine qua\n\n non. ", "See People v. Drake, 288 Ill. App. ", "3d 963, 969 (1997) (‘Where two or more people\n\n share immediate and exclusive control or share the intention and power to exercise control,\n\n there arises a situation of joint possession [Citation.] ", "Even where there is no physical\n\n possession, constructive possession may exist where there is an intent and capacity to\n\n\n\nof experts as to the cause of death because, presumably, a more accurate extrapolation of the blood\n\nlevels of lethal drugs in the toxicology report would have been possible.", "\n\n -15-\n\f2013 IL App (2d) 120088\n\n\n maintain control and dominion over the contraband, and this may be proved by showing that\n\n the defendant controlled the premises where it was found.’).” ", "Coots, 2012 IL App (2d)\n\n 100592, ¶ 60 (McLaren, J., specially concurring).", "\n\n¶ 42 We believe that, had the jury been properly instructed, there is a reasonable probability that\n\nit would have returned a not guilty verdict. ", "Under the Strickland test, defendant was prejudiced.", "\n\nDefense counsel should have proffered the instruction regarding delivery in its entirety, and the trial\n\ncourt should have instructed the jury accordingly. ", "We determine that the judgment should be\n\nreversed and that defendant should receive a new trial.", "\n\n¶ 43 III. ", "CONCLUSION\n\n¶ 44 For the reasons stated, the judgment of the circuit court of Kendall County is reversed and\n\nthe cause remanded for a new trial.", "\n\n\n\n\n -16-\n\f" ]

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[ "Processes of adaptation in farm decision-making models. ", "A review\n\nThis article (PDF) in the Agronomy for Sustainable Development Journal, reviews processes of adaptation in farm decision-making models. ", "Agricultural production systems should evolve fast to cope with risks induced by climate change. ", "Farmers should adapt their management strategies to stay competitive and satisfy the societal demand for sustainable food systems. ", "It is therefore important to understand the decision-making processes used by farmers for adaptation. ", "Processes of adaptation are in particular addressed by bio-economic and bio-decision models. ", "The authors review bio-economic and bio-decision models, in which strategic and tactical decisions are included in dynamic adaptive and expectation-based processes, in 40 literature articles. ", "The major points are: adaptability, flexibility, and dynamic processes are common ways to characterize farmers’ decision-making. ", "Adaptation is either a reactive or a proactive process depending on farmer flexibility and expectation capabilities. ", "Various modeling methods are used to model decision stages in time and space, and some methods can be combined to represent a sequential decision-making process.", "\n\nMore on this topic\n\nThe report addresses greenhouse gas fluxes in land-based ecosystems, land use and sustainable land management in relation to climate change adaptation and mitigation, desertification, land degradation and food security. ", "Climate change has adversely impacted food security and terrestrial ecosystems, and contributed to desertificatin and land degradation. ", "On the other hand, changes in land conditions affect the global and regional climate, Appropriate design of policies, institutions and governance systems at all scales can contribute to land-related adaptation and mitigation while facilitating the pursuit of climate-adaptive development pathways. »", "\n\nThis book provides the authoritative and comprehensive overview of the key aquaculture and hydroponic and other integrated systems, socio-economic and environmental aspects. ", "Aquaponics, which combine aquaculture and vegetable food production offer alternative technology solutions for a world that is increasingly under stress through population growth, urbanisation, water shortages, land and soil degradation, environmental pollution, world hunger and climate change. »" ]

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[ "Vegetable Coloring Pages\n\nvegetable coloring pages. ", "Download vegetable coloring pages for free to set as dekstop background. ", "This image posted by Rockymage team. ", "You can download wallpaper vegetable coloring pages for free here by clicking the image link or right click and view image to set as your dekstop background PC or Laptop.", "\n\nBelow this is vegetable coloring pages available to download. ", "You are free to browse Our Images collection. ", "While referring to vegetable coloring pages , We choose this image from the internet , for the sake of our blog reader , We try to be as professional as possible to provide you the best picture on the internet , You can share or pass this on to your friend with flickr facebook google+ stumble pinterest or instagram.", "\n\nFinally if you want to get new and the latest wallpaper related with vegetable coloring pages, please follow us on facebook or bookmark this site, we try our best to give you daily update with fresh and new wallpaper 2014. ", "Hope you enjoy staying here.", "\n\nThank you for visiting vegetable coloring pages, we hope this post inspired you and help you what you are looking for. ", "If you have any comments, concerns or issues please let us know. ", "Don't forget to share this picture with others via Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest or other social medias!" ]

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[ "Like biggest B2B organizations, you in all probability sit on developed a content material retailing technique (if not, time via play catch up). ", "With no important blueprint that clearly spells out by what means you intend via use as well as develop retailing content material, which constructing blocks you already sit on in place as well as the place your gaps are, you could be sabotaging your future success. ", "Together with as soon as that basis is in place, your subsequent steps shall embrace making a complete retailing content material calendar that particulars by what means as well as at what tempo you’ll handle these gaps over time. ", "Because the previous saying goes, “a objective with no plan is only a want.”", "\n\nSo, why is it so necessary via sit on a plan as well as well-considered processes in place when it comes via content material retailing as a substitute of “simply exploit what you’ll be able to” as workforce members sit on time? ", "The explanations are teeming, however in brief, growing a content material retailing calendar that helps your broader content material retailing technique…\n\n1. ", "Creates accountability for content material as well as aligns your workforce round frequent objectives\n\nEstablishing an in depth content material calendar that denotes which workforce members personal the incomparable parts of your content material improvement stretch goes a great distance in direction of creating accountability. ", "Like anything, your calendar wants via be enforced as well as maintained, however adhering via it would imply a constant move of precious data via prospects as well as prospects. ", "As well as via assigning particular workforce members via particular deliverables, it shall denote which funnel stage the content material serves, which personas are being focused, due date as well as different data related via your technique.", "\n\n2. ", "Helps you allocate sources throughout the workforce via obtain desired outcomes\n\nWith a proper, regimented content material calendar in place, it is going to be simpler via allocate workforce sources via full the items as well as maintain the content material machine shifting easily. ", "Your content material calendar’s main function is via schedule when, the place, as well as what you shall put up/publish, in addition to outlining the sorts of content material you intend via create. ", "Having a longtime cadence of constant high-value content material retains each prospects as well as prospects as well as engaged, so figuring out as well as addressing inner useful resource challenges that might hinder your skill via meet these content material calls for is necessary.", "\n\n3. ", "Guides which kind of content material via develop\n\nCreating an in depth content material calendar additionally supplies a framework for outlining the precise “content material buckets” you’ll want via handle as well as ideally will embrace instance matters as well as steerage on what proportion of your content material improvement shall be allotted via every bucket. ", "As well as via serving to you create the appropriate sorts of content material for every ingredient of the client’s journey, a well-crafted retailing calendar offers you sageness within by what means properly you’re protecting the span of ache factors your options handle as well as the areas of information that your market would anticipate you via cowl.", "\n\nPlanning tip: Rack up collectively round a white board along with your product administration workforce via ideate as well as align on the biggest urgent issues as well as points present prospects or prospects are coping with. ", "When in a position, take additional validation of those subject areas with long-time prospects as well as prospects that you just’ve established a robust dialogue with. ", "Then, use this data via information your content material technique as well as additional prioritize your content material retailing calendar.", "\n\n4. ", "Aligns workforce on audience profiles\n\nAs we indicated earlier, an in depth content material calendar will outline which persona is being focused with every bit as well as what stage the meant viewers is at within the pipeline. ", "It’s important that you just develop supplies which personally resonate along with your viewers for best impression. ", "Naturally, this could’t happen in case your workforce hasn’t already developed as well as operationalized purchaser personas. ", "Holding personas entrance as well as heart in your content material improvement processes helps your workforce concentrate on viewers wants as a substitute of your personal.", "\n\n5. ", "Establishes urgency as well as priorities in your retailing content material\n\nLittle question, placing your content material plan in a documented format full with the kind of content material you need produced as well as a deadline for getting it accomplished will present a vital rigor as well as self-discipline round this course of. ", "It’s even comforting for workforce members who sit on persist assigned particular content material items that in view’s a schedule in place via maintain everybody accountable. ", "With all this in place, you’ve actually executed everybody a favor in jungle them up for fulfillment.", "\n\nBonus tip: A useful ingredient within the content material improvement equation is devising a helpful key phrase technique round matters your viewers is fascinated about. ", "Key phrases assist search engines like google join your viewers with the content material they’re searching for. ", "Your content material calendar might help you intend as well as monitor key phrase focus via increase your web site’s natural cartage.", "\n\nRack up your workforce collectively or should you’re going this alone, block out time in your calendar as well as take targeted on the job at hand. ", "On hand’s even a wide range of content material calendar instruments out in view in template codecs via assist plan your entire firm’s content material. ", "Keep in mind, your content material shall by no means be about YOU. ", "Creating insightful content material which solves buyer issues as well as proves via them you perceive their enterprise shall be your “true north” as you embark on this journey." ]

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[ "Glenn Reynolds of Instapundit.com sums up ObamaCare after court rules that states without exchanges do not qualify for federal subsidies:\n\nThey took a crappy bill that they hadn’t read, they rammed it through on a party-line vote using a budget-reconciliation technicality, then they did an “I won” victory dance. ", "Now it turns out the bill sucks and they’re blaming Republicans for not stopping them.", "\n\nShort term thinking… ObamaCare was thrown together when the Dems held majorities in the House and the Senate. ", "But the Repubs took over majority in the House, and as a result ObamaCare could no longer be modified without major concessions.", "\n\nThe language of the Affordable Care Act plainly says that subsidies are only available on exchanges established by states. ", "The plaintiff argued this meant that, well, subsidies could only be available on exchanges established by states.", "\n\nThus we have convoluted logic attempting to defend something that isn’t logical:\n\nThe government argued that this was ridiculous; when you consider the law in its totality, it said, the federal government obviously never meant to exclude federally operated exchanges from the subsidy pool, because that would gut the whole law. ", "The appeals court disagreed with the government, 2-1. ", "Somewhere in the neighborhood of 5 million people may lose their subsidies as a result.", "\n\nBecause the Dems putting this monstrosity together didn’t bother to consider what would happen if they needed Repub cooperation later on. ", "And now, of course, they complain about intransigent Republicans." ]

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[ "**Are you the copyright holder or authorized to act on the copyright owner's behalf?**", "\n\nYes, I am authorized to act on the copyright owner's behalf.", "\n\n**Please describe the nature of your copyright ownership or authorization to act on the owner's behalf.**", "\n\nI am [private] and [private] of Parsley Software, Inc., which holds the copyright; I have consulted with the CEO and co-founder, who together with me [private].", "\n\nI have read and understand GitHub's Guide to Filing a DMCA Notice.", "\n\n**Please provide a detailed description of the original copyrighted work that has allegedly been infringed. ", "If possible, include a URL to where it is posted online.**", "\n\nThe code in question is a complete copy of our internal, proprietary codebase as of some date between 23 September 2019 and 17 October 2019. ", "The original work is code in a private GitHub repository at [private]. ", "Only the code has been copied, not the commit history.", "\n\n**What files should be taken down? ", "Please provide URLs for each file, or if the entire repository, the repository’s URL.**", "\n\nThe entire repository at https://github.com/itdev-1210/parsley\n\n**Have you searched for any forks of the allegedly infringing files or repositories? ", "Each fork is a distinct repository and must be identified separately if you believe it is infringing and wish to have it taken down.**", "\n\nI have searched, and not found any, as of 12 March 2020 16:00 Pacific Time\n\n**Is the work licensed under an open source license? ", "If so, which open source license? ", "Are the allegedly infringing files being used under the open source license, or are they in violation of the license?**", "\n\nNo.", "\n\n**What would be the best solution for the alleged infringement? ", "Are there specific changes the other person can make other than removal? ", "Can the repository be made private?**", "\n\nRemove the content entirely; they do not have Parsley's permission to share it with *anyone*, which they would be able to do for select people with a private repository.", "\n\n**Do you have the alleged infringer’s contact information? ", "If so, please provide it.**", "\n\nI do not; I also do not know their name or identity.", "\n\n**I have a good faith belief that use of the copyrighted materials described above on the infringing web pages is not authorized by the copyright owner, or its agent, or the law.**", "\n\n**I have taken <a href=\"https://www.lumendatabase.org/topics/22\">fair use</a> into consideration.**", "\n\n**I swear, under penalty of perjury, that the information in this notification is accurate and that I am the copyright owner, or am authorized to act on behalf of the owner, of an exclusive right that is allegedly infringed.**", "\n\n**I have read and understand GitHub's <a href=\"https://help.github.com/articles/guide-to-submitting-a-dmca-takedown-notice/\">Guide to Submitting a DMCA Takedown Notice</a>.**", "\n\n**So that we can get back to you, please provide either your telephone number or physical address.**", "\n\nMy phone number is [private].", "\n\n**Please type your full legal name below to sign this request.**", "\n\n[private]\n" ]

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