suyunu pompalama olmaksızın basınçla yüzeye çıkarır. Artezyen kuyularının adı Fransa'nın Artois kasabasından gelmektedir, 1126 yılında ilk kez bu kasabada Şartrö rahipleri tarafından kullanılmıştır.

Merkezi ısıtma sistemi (9. yüzyıl)

Erken Orta Çağ döneminde Alplerin serin yaylalarında artık Hipokaust sisteminin yerini yeni alttan ısıtma sistemleri aldı. Reichenau Adası'nda, soğuk kış aylarında 300 m alanı ısıtacak alttan ısıtma şebekesi kuruldu. Bu yöntem %90 verimlilik sağlamıştı.

Kaburga Tonoz (12. yüzyıl)

Gothik mimarisinin doğuşundaki en önemli elementtir., rib vaults allowed vaults to be built for the first time over rectangles of unequal lengths. It also greatly facilitated scaffolding and largely replaced the older groin vault.

Baca (12. yüzyıl)

İlk gerçek baca sistemi 12. yüzyılda Kuzey Avrupa'da ortaya çıktı. Aynı zamanda şömine kullanımı da başladı.

Kemer Köprü (1345)

Ponte Vecchio,Floransa'da Orta Çağ Avrupa'sının ilk taş kemer köprüsü inşa edildi.
Sabit vinç (1220ler)

1240 tarihli Fransız edebiyatına ait el yazması bir eserde ilk sabit vinçlerin 1225 yılında kullanıldığı anlaşılmıştır.
Sabit liman vinçleri (1244)

İlk kez Orta Çağ'da geliştirilen bu vinçlerin ilk kullanıldığı yerin 1244 yılında Utrech şehri olduğu düşünülmektedir. İçinde insanların çevirdiği büyük bir çark yardımıyla, yükler kaldırılabilmekteydi.

El arabası (1170ler)

İnşaat, madencilik ve tarımda kullanılan ilk el arabaları 1170 - 1250 yılları arası kuzey batı Avrupa'da ortaya çıktı. Matthew Paris çizdiği bir tasvirde el arabalarını göstermiştir.(13.yüzyıl)

Yağlı boya (1410)

13. yüzyıl başlarında resimlerin yapımında kullanılan boyalara yağ katılmaya başlandı. Flemenk ressam Jan van Eyck bu yöntemi 1410'da ilk profesyonel şekilde kullanan kişidir.

Kum saati (1338)

Su saatlerine göre daha kullanışlı ve daha iyi ölçüm yapan kum saatleri Orta Çağ'da ortaya çıkan bir yeniliktir. Belgelere göre ilk kez İtalya'nın Siena şehrinde kullanılmıştır.

Mekanik saatler (13 ila 14. yüzyıllar)

Mekanik saatlerin ilk kez ne zaman ortaya çıktığı bilinmemektedir. İlk kez kiliselerde çan çalınmasının ayarlanması kullanılmıştır.
Birleşik krank

İtalyan fizikçi Guido da Vigevano 1335'de "Texaurus" isimli eserinde Haçlı Seferleri için savaş makinaları koleksiyonu yaptı. Burada bir krank yardımıyla çevrilen kısa çarklar muharebe botlarını hareket ettiriyordu. Bu yandan çarklı gemilerin ilk örneğidir. .

Yüksek fırın (1150–1350)

Avrupa'da yüksek fırın ilk kez 1150 civarı göründü. (ilk kullanıldığı yerler Lapphyttan, İsveç - Dürstel, İsviçre - Märkische Sauerland, Almanya) in some places according to recent research even before 1100. Bu teknik avrupanın gelişiminden bağımsız ilerledi.

Kağıt değirmeni (13. yüzyıl)

Su gücü ile çalışan ilk kâğıt üretim değirmeni, 1282'de Çin ve İslam medeniyetinde ortaya çıkmıştır.

Rolling mill (15th century)

Used to produce metal sheet of an even thickness. First used on soft, malleable metals, such as lead, gold and tin. Leonardo da Vinci described a rolling mill for wrought iron.

Tidal Mills (6th century)

The earliest tidal mills were excavated on the Irish coast where watermillers knew and employed the two main waterwheel types: a 6th-century tide mill at Killoteran near Waterford was powered by a vertical waterwheel, while the tide changes at Little Island were exploited by a twin-flume horizontal-wheeled mill (c. 630) and a vertical undershot waterwheel alongside it. Another early example is the Nendrum Monastery mill from 787 which is estimated to have developed seven to eight horsepower at its peak.

Vertical windmills (1180s)

Invented in Europe as the pivotable post mill, the first surviving mention of one comes from Yorkshire in England in 1185. They were efficient at grinding grain or draining water. Stationary tower mills were also developed in the 13th century.

Water hammer (12th century at the latest)

Used in metallurgy to forge the metal blooms from bloomeries and Catalan forges, they replaced manual hammerwork. The water hammer was eventually superseded by steam hammers in the 19th century.

Kuru Pusula (12. yüzyıl)

Avrupa'da ilk yön bulma aracından Alexander Neckam'ın "On the Natures of Things" isimli eserinde 1190 yıllarında bahsedildi. Bu teknoloji Çin ve Arap medeniyetlerinden transfer edilmişti. 1300 yıllarında Akdenizde kullanıldı.

Astronomik pusula (1269)

Fransız bilgin Pierre de Maricourt astronomik gözlemlerde kullanılmak üzere astronomik pusulayı keşfetti.(1269) 
Stern-mounted rudders (1180s)

The first depiction of a pintle-and-gudgeon rudder on church carvings dates to around 1180. They first appeared with cogs in the North and Baltic Seas and quickly spread to Mediterranean. The iron hinge system was the first stern rudder permanently attached to the ship hull and made a vital contribution to the navigation achievements of the age of discovery and thereafter.

Movable type printing press (1440s)

Johannes Gutenberg's great innovation was not the printing itself, but instead of using carved plates as in woodblock printing, he used separate letters ("types") from which the printing plates for pages were made up. This meant the types were recyclable and a page cast could be made up far faster.

Kağıt (13th century)

Paper was invented in China and transmitted through Islamic Spain in the 13th century. In Europe, the paper-making processes was mechanized by water-powered mills and paper presses (see paper mill).
Spectacles (1280s)

The first spectacles, invented in Florence, used convex lenses which were of help only to the far-sighted. Concave lenses were not developed prior to the 15th century.

Watermark (1282)

This medieval innovation was used to mark paper products and to discourage counterfeiting. It was first introduced in Bologna, Italy.

Arap rakamları (13. yüzyıl)

Avrupa'ya ilk kez 976 yılında geldiği Pisalı Leonardo'nun Liba Abaci isimli eserinde bahsedilmiştir.

Üniversite

İlk orta çağ üniversiteleri 11 ve 13'üncü yüzyıllarda kurulmuş olup okur yazarlık ve öğrenimdeki gelişmeye öncülük etmişlerdir. 1500 yılına kadar bu kurumlar Avrupa'nın çoğu kısmına yayılmış ve bilimsel devrimde anahtar bir rol oynamıştır. Bugün, eğitim kavramı ve bu kurum küresel olarak kabul görmüştür.

Functional button (13th century)

German buttons appeared in 13th-century Germany as an indigenous innovation. They soon became widespread with the rise of snug-fitting clothing.

Horizontal loom (11th century)

Horizontal looms operated by foot-treadles were faster and more efficient.

Silk (6th century)

Manufacture of silk began in Eastern Europe in the 6th century and in Western Europe in the 11th or 12th century. Silk had been imported over the Silk Road since antiquity. The technology of "silk throwing" was mastered in Tuscany in the 13th century. The silk works used waterpower and some regard these as the first mechanized textile mills.

Spinning wheel (13th century)

Brought to Europe probably from India.

Satranç (1450)

The earliest predecessors of the game originated in 6th-century AD India and spread via Persia and the Muslim world to Europe. Here the game evolved into its current form in the 15th century.

Forest glass (c. 1000)

This type of glass uses wood ash and sand as the main raw materials and is characterised by a variety of greenish-yellow colours.

Grindstones (834)

Grindstones are a rough stone, usually sandstone, used to sharpen iron. The first rotary grindstone (turned with a leveraged handle) occurs in the "Utrecht Psalter", illustrated between 816 and 834. According to Hägermann, the pen drawing is a copy of a late-antique manuscript. A second crank which was mounted on the other end of the axle is depicted in the "Luttrell Psalter" from around 1340.

Likör (12th century)

Alcohol distillation was introduced by Pūr Sinɑʼ (Persian ابن سینا or ابو علی‌ سینا or پور سينا Pur-e Sina; [ˈpuːr ˈsiːnɑː] "son of Sina";[full citation needed] August c. 980 – June 1037), commonly known as Ibn Sīnā, or in Arabic writing Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Sīnā. It was initially used as a medicinal elixir and was a popular remedy for the Black Death during the 14th century. Drinks such as vodka, gin and brandy come into form.

Mıknatıs (12th century)

Magnets were first referenced in the "Roman d'Enéas", composed between 1155 and 1160.

Ayna (1180)

The first mention of a "glass" mirror is in 1180 by Alexander Neckham who said "Take away the lead which is behind the glass and there will be no image of the one looking in."

Illustrated surgical atlas (1345)

Guido da Vigevano (c. 1280 − 1349) was the first author to add illustrations to his anatomical descriptions. His "Anathomia" provides pictures of neuroanatomical structures and techniques such as the dissection of the head by means of trephination, and depictions of the meninges, cerebrum, and spinal cord.

Quarantine (1377)

Initially a 40-day-period, the quarantine was introduced by the Republic of Ragusa as a measure of disease prevention related to the Black Death. It was later adopted by Venice from where the practice spread all around in Europe.

Rat traps (1170s)

The first mention of a rat trap is in the medieval romance "Yvain, the Knight of the Lion" by Chrétien de Troyes.

Sabun (9th century)

Soap came into widespread European use in the 9th century in semi-liquid form, with hard soap perfected by the Arabs in the 12th century.

Plate armour (late 14th century)

Large and complete full plates of armour appear by the end of the 14th century.

Arched saddle (11th century)

The arched saddle enabled mounted knights to wield lances underarm and prevent the charge from turning into an unintentional pole-vault. This innovation gave birth to true shock cavalry, enabling fighters to charge on full gallop.

Spurs (11th century)

Spurs were invented by the Normans and appeared at the same time as the cantled saddle. They enabled the horseman to control his horse with his feet, replacing the whip a