istilah "mitologi" dapat berarti kajian tentang mitos (misalnya mitologi perbandingan), maupun sebuah himpunan atau koleksi mitos-mitos (misalnya mitologi inka).kirk, p. 8; "myth", encyclopdia britannica dalam folkloristika, suatu mitos adalah kisah suci yang biasanya menjelaskan bagaimana dunia maupun manusia dapat terbentuk seperti sekarang ini,dundes, introduction, p. 1 meskipun, dalam pengertian yang sangat luas, istilah tersebut dapat mengacu kepada cerita tradisional.kirk, "defining", p. 57; kirk, myth, p. 74; simpson, p. 3
mitologi terkait dekat dengan legenda maupun cerita rakyat.
mitologi dapat mencakup kisah penciptaan dunia sampai asal mula suatu bangsa.
tidak seperti mitologi, pada cerita rakyat, waktu dan tempat tidak spesifik dan ceritanya tidak dianggap sebagai kisah suci yang dipercaya kebenarannya.
sedangkan pada legenda, pelaku-pelakunya adalah manusia dan meskipun kejadiannya dianggap benar-benar terjadi, dapat mengandung kisah makhluk supranatural (dewa, setan, dsb.) dan kejadian luar biasa (kutukan, keajaiban, dsb.) seperti pada mitologi.
biasanya latar pada legenda adalah masa-masa pada saat manusia sudah ada dan dikaitkan dengan sejarah dan asal mula suatu tempat.
mitologi berdasarkan wilayah
mitologi mesir kuno
mitologi ashanti (ghana)
mitologi dahomey (fon)
mitologi efik (nigeria, kamerun)
mitologi igbo (nigeria, kamerun)
mitologi isoko (nigeria)
mitologi yoruba (nigeria, benin)
mitologi bushongo (kongo)
mitologi bambuti (pigmi) (kongo)
mitologi lugbara (kongo)
mitologi akamba (kenya timur)
mitologi dinka (sudan)
mitologi lotuko (sudan)
mitologi masai (kenya, tanzania)
mitologi lozi (zambia)
mitologi tumbuka (malawi)
mitologi zulu (afrika selatan)
bersinggungan dengan asia, eropa utara, dan amerika utara.
asia barat daya
timur tengah, persia, anatolia, kaukasus
mitologi mesopotamia (sumeria, asiro-babilonia)
abad pertengahan sampai modern
asia tengah dan utara
bersinggungan dengan eropa timur dan utara
australia dan oceania
mitologi rapa nui
mitologi roma (gipsi)
algonquia (amerika serikat bagian timur laut, great lakes)
kepercayaan tradisional anishinaabe
mitologi leni lenape
muskogean (amerika serikat bagian selatan) dan iraquois (amerika serikat bagian timur)
alaska dan artik kanada
pasifik barat laut
uto-aztec (great basin hingga meksiko)
amerika serikat bagian barat laut
mitologi berdasarkan agama
mitologi berdasarkan waktu
mitologi mesir kuno
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