negara mikro adalah sebuah entitas atau komunitas kecil yang mengakui diri sendiri sebagai sebuah negara berdaulat dan mandiri, tetapi tidak diakui oleh negara berdaulat manapun atau organisasi supranasional manapun.
pengertian negara mikro berbeda dengan negara mikro (microstate) eropa seperti vatikan, san marino, liechtenstein ataupun negara dengan pengakuan terbatas.
beberapa negara mikro mengklaim daerah yang benar-benar ada, seringkali mengklaim pulau-pulau terpencil dan daerah terisolasi.
negara mikro juga seringkali memproklamirkan kemerdekaan mereka, merilis dan membuat konstitusi, mata uang, bendera, perangko, paspor, medali, simbol, dan barang mereka sendiri, mungkin juga suvenir, dan mereka juga menunjuk kepala negara dan mengklaim kependudukan sendiri .
micronations, sometimes also referred to as model countries and new country projects, are small, self-proclaimed entities that claim to be independent sovereign states but which are not acknowledged as such by any recognised sovereign state, or by any supranational organization.
they should not be confused with microstates, which are recognised independent states of a small size, nor should they be confused with unrecognised states, which may have legitimate claim to sovereign state status.
motivations for the creation of micronations include theoretical experimentation, political protest, artistic expression, personal entertainment and the conduct of criminal activity.
flag (if available)
an australian micronation founded by a self-proclaimed baron, who claimed properties he owned in new south wales as its territory.
several associated businessmen were charged in 1990 with land and visa fraud.
paul baron neuman
1970 a non-territorial micronation founded by eli avivi in response to the israeli government's sending two bulldozers to demolish his illegally inhabited house.
as a result of a lawsuit brought against avivi by the state of israel (which was subsequently rejected by the judge hearing the case), the micronation's legal status has remained ambiguous.
a small new zealand community that declared itself independent to protest the building of an aluminium smelter on nearby land.
0.76 km2 (0.29 sq mi)
a constitutional monarchy comprising several privately owned properties around the world that have declared themselves independent under the leadership of a house in south london.
your local guardian: carshalton home declares itself independent state; retrieved 22 january 2009.
join the list of 5 weirdest micronations by starting your own country - asylum.com; retrieved 25 december 2010.
chosun ilbo 16 march 2010; retrieved 22 december 2010.
city-summer 2009 (p. 97); retrieved 22 december 2010.
avram, grand duchy of
john charlton rudge
british west florida
an australian secessionist micronation located on a farm at bumbunga, south australia near snowtown and lochiel during the 1970s and 1980s for approximately a decade.
a group claiming tongue-in-cheek independence from the united states of america in protest at a blockade established by the us border patrol at the upper end of the florida keys.dennis wardlow
coral sea islands
established as a symbolic political protest by a group of gay rights activists, the coral sea islands is a micronation based in southeast queensland, australia.dale anderson
a tongue-in-cheek micronation founded by a group of school teachers as a summer camp on the island of elleore, denmark.
claimed the second of the largest land portions along the danube river at the croatia-serbia border (pocket 1) near liberland.
king enclav i
claims wake atoll, a u.s. territory north of the marshall islands, and has been deemed a scam for selling passports and diplomatic papers.
mayor luca sellari, from the small town with a population around 550, declared the independence from italy in protest to austerity measures resulting from the european economic crisis.
filettino has printed its own currency, the fiorito.
a micronation with claims over some territories of antarctica, which has been founded in 2008 by niels vermeersch, who declared himself as a grand duke niels i.
damiaans, r., dillen, r., uw krant op bezoek bij europese micronaties deel 1: flandrensis, het belang van limburg, 20 july 2012, pp. 20-21damiaans, r., dillen, r., dwergstaten deel 1: flandrensis, gazet van antwerpen, 23 july 2012, pp. 8-9dubois, t,.
reportage plus: niels vermeersch staat als groothertog aan het hoofd van zijn eigen micronatie flandrensis, 15 june 2012, pp. 10-11; accessed 30 november 2015.dejonckheere, a., kleurrijk roeselare: roeselarenaar groothertog, video, roeselare tv, 2011columbus magazine, het groothertogdom westarctica, 22 june 2010 chastny korrespondent, micronations on the southern continent, 28 august 2010 vansteenkiste, a.,hoogledenaar is groothertog van micronatie flandrensis, het nieuwsblad, 13 september 2012, pp. 22-22 verhaeghe, h., middagpost west-vlaanderen, radio 2, 13 september 2012 (interview with niels vermeersch) belenfant, m., sa majest le grand-duc de flandrensis brise la glace, le jeu de l'oie: la revue internationale de sciences  po lille, april 2014, pp. 30-31 prudent, r., envie dtre chef ?
toi aussi, cre ta micronation en dix leons , rue 89', 12 june 2014.
cornillie, b., niels, groothertog van flandrensis, het laatste nieuws, 29 august 2014, page 20 mazars, p., micronations: la tourne du grand-duc, le journal du dimanche', 28 july 2014; accessed 30 november 2015.
an islet in shetland, scotland, declared an independent crown dependency by stuart hill, who claims that the united kingdom has breached the 1469 deal with denmark, which transferred the shetland islands to the scottish crown.
republic of fredonia
the fredonian rebellion (december 21, 1826  january 23, 1827) was the first attempt by anglo settlers in texas to secede from mexico.
one of these carpetbaggers, haden edwards, infuriated many settlers in 1825 by producing a contract he had extracted from the mexican government.
in december 1826, his brother benjamin edwards led a group of thirty men into texas.
they seized control of the town of nacogdoches, and declared eastern texas the republic of fredonia.
principality of freedonia
the principality of freedonia was a micronation based on libertarian principles.
it was supposedly established as a "hypothetical project" by a group of u.s. teenagers in 1992, before becoming a new country project in 1997 and attempting to purchase territory.
it was headed by a texas university student named john alexander kyle, who uses the title prince john i. in his search to purchase actual territory, mr. kyle considered several viable options, but none were realistic.
the freedonia project is inactive from 2004.
john alexander kyle
freston road in west london staged a "secession" from the united kingdom as frestonia.
in a legal dispute regarding the unauthorised performance of his play the immortalist, heathcote williams won a ruling from the uk courts that frestonia was for this purpose not part of the uk.
the 1970s saw a number of highly publicized confrontations between the u.s. government and native americans, such as the oglala lakotas' standoff at wounded knee and the alcatraz occupation.
another clash occurred at moss lake in upstate new york. after the federal indian claims commission refused to consider compensation to the mohawk nation, saying that its jurisdiction only covered western tribes, a group of mohawk activists declared 600 acres near moss lake the sovereign mohawk territory of ganienkeh, and further laid claim to all of northeastern new york. after a firefight between the mohawks and local vigilantes, the state government started eviction proceedings.
when the federal courts refused to hear the matter, assistant state attorney general mario cuomo was dispatched to negotiate a settlement.
in may 1977, the mohawks accepted a smaller land grant and the crisis was ended.
founded by greenpeace activists in a disputed border region of the andes between chile and argentina, for the purpose of drawing attention to chile's lack of environmental protection for glaciers.
global country of world peace
"a country without borders for peace loving people everywhere" created by maharishi mahesh yogi, with capitals at meru, holland and maharishi vedic city, iowa.
maharaja adhiraj rajaraam
hajduka republika mijata tomia
a protest project (based on vran mountain, in blidinje nature park, bosnia and herzegovina) started by a local because of inefficiency of problems with the local electricity supply.
marija vukoja (succeeding her late father, vinko.
republic of hout bay
a tongue-in-cheek micronation created to promote tourism in hout bay, a suburb of cape town, south africa.
local business and the hout bay lions and rotary clubs sold official-looking passports to raise money for charities.
there are urban legends that people were able to convince immigration officers around the world to stamp these passports.
a former micronation, occupying the spratly islands, which merged into the republic of morac-songhrati-meads in september 1963.marwyn s. samuels, contest for the south china sea (1982)
james george meads
a large farming area in western australia that unilaterally seceded from the commonwealth and declared itself to be a sovereign nation.
it was known as the hutt river province until 2007.leonard casley
icaria is a greek island in the eastern aegean.
tensions in the region were high during the early twentieth century.
the ottomans were in retreat everywhere, the newly independent nations of the balkans were united against them, and italy had in 1911 declared war, seizing libya.
in 1912, the italians swept the aegean of ottoman warships and seized rhodes.
the inhabitants of icaria took advantage of the war to declare themselves independent on 12 july 1912.
the balkan alliance declared war in july, reducing the ottoman holdings in europe to a tiny foothold.
the island was annexed to greece in november.
republic of jamtland
a ball-shaped house built by artist edwin lipburger, located in the vienna prater.edwin lipburger
7.68m in diameter
1 (in exile)
the creation of a self-styled grand duke louis, who claims that three tiny islands in a portsmouth pond are not owned by the local council, and so has declared them an independent state.
a micronation started to promote tourism in the small quebec town of l'anse-saint-jean.
on the official website of liberland, it is claimed that this state came into existence due to a croatiaserbia border dispute.
a nation created by comedian danny wallace as part of his bbc series, how to start your own country.
based out of wallace's london flat, it was partly internet-based, and its citizens -- as they all could not live in wallace's house -- were called "ambassadors".
a short lived micronation in australia whose creator declared his farm an independent country to try to avoid eviction after bankruptcy.
he was evicted less than a week later by police, was later prosecuted and has since abandoned any claim of independence.
the dominion of melchizedek (dom) is a micronation known largely for facilitating large scale banking fraud in many parts of the world.
the acting witan of mercia is attempting to revive the anglo-saxon heptarchy-era kingdom of mercia as an "autonomous and sustainable bioregion within an english confederation".
they see mercia as having been ruled over by an authoritarian state since the norman conquest, and believe that the united kingdom is in illegal control of the region.
morris c. davis
a micronation founded by kevin baugh, occupying his semi-rural residential acreage in nevada.
it is run humorously as a dictatorial banana-republic.
5 (27 citizens)
a micronation that claims to occupy the spratly islands.
the territory is under de facto military control by china, malaysia, the philippines, taiwan, and vietnam, since the discovery of oil in 1968.
a micronation that is the traditional homeland of an aboriginal nation.
it declared its independence from australia.
about 22,500 km2
an island in the han river in chuncheon, gangwon-do, south korea.
issues its own passport, currency, phone cards.
part of the movie winter sonata was filmed here.
the island received 1.5 million visitors yearly.
1990 a proposed micronation based on libertarian principles to be built on platforms in the caribbean sea. it was founded by american entrepreneur lazarus long. the project's status as of 2006 is in question.
north dumpling island
an island in fishers island sound, southold, new york declared independent after its owner dean kamen was denied permission to build a wind turbine on the island.
2 acres (8,000 m2)
kingdom of north sudan
the declaration of independence was made by jeremiah heaton, a former democratic party congressional from abingdon, virginia, who made a 14-hour overland trek via desert caravan to a remote, disputed shard of territory between sudan and egypt, planted a flag, and declared it, provisionally, the heaton and later, officially, on a suggestion from his children, the kingdom of north sudan.
the piece of land in question is bir tawil, an 800-square-mile lozenge of desert, which is a terra nulilus.
the reason heaton has made himself king of north sudan is to fulfill a promise to his seven-year-old daughter, emily heaton.
as the self-styled monarch told the press, over the winter, emily and i were playing, and she has a fixation on princesses.
she asked me, in all seriousness, if shed be a real princess someday.
and i said she would.
an international organ of roman revivalists who claim to be a modern roman nation and have the administrative structure of the ancient roman republic.
nova roma explicitly states that they aren't a micronation but a "civitas" or "res publica"; their organ, however, fits all the requirements for being classified as such.
ecological danubian principality of ongal
three pockets along the right (western) bank of the danube river along the croatia-serbia border
1950 a micronation on outer bald tusket island, nova scotia, used for seasonal fishing.
it had an eccentric constitution and women were banned from the island.
4 acres (16,000 m2)
other world kingdom
an absolute monarchy/matriarchy with strong bdsm themes, in which women rule over all men.
it is located in the czech republic.
queen patrica i
established in the aftermath of world war i, the republic of perloja had its own court, police, prison, currency (perloja litas), and an army of 300 men.
1990 peenica is a satirical-parodical project of a dictator-ruled republic by famous croatian maverick traveller eljko malnar.
it is located in zagreb, croatia.
republic of ploieti
a two-day protest against the romanian monarchy.
the plotters occupied the firehouse, the telegraph station and the post office in ploieti on the evening of 8 august 1870.
the chief of police and the prefect were arrested.
on the evening of 9 august, soldiers from bucharest arrived at the ploieti train station and arrested the new "administration", most of whom declared that they were not actually revolting, thinking it was just a party.
thirty-six of the leaders of the movement were accused of "revolt against the government".
the trials of the civilians who took part in the revolt were eventually moved to trgovite and, on 17 october 1870, were found not guilty.
a small uninhabited island in the caribbean sea, now legally part of antigua and barbuda.
in 1865, a citizen of montserrat was supposedly permitted by queen victoria to claim the title of king of redonda, as long as he did not incite any revolt against colonial authority.
matthew dowdy shiell
a micronation founded by brazilian law students as a political simulation.
reunion has a very active political system.
it has issued passports, minted coins and is considered one of the most important lusophone micronations.
the micronation has been portrayed by the media of dozens of countries, and has been the star of a front page article of reunion island newspaper, which used it to trace a parallel between its independence and the idea of having independence from france.(1998-08-05).
micronao sai do quarto para a internet, folha de s.paulo; accessed 30 november 2015.
claudio de castro
an attempt to create a sovereign state on an offshore platform in international waters near the italian city of rimini.
it was completed, but shortly afterward seized by the italian government and destroyed with explosives.
the imperial throne was founded by russian businessman anton bakov as the "russian empire".
by its constitution, it is a federal constitutional monarchy and the successor of the empire founded by peter i.
imperial throne (sovereign nation), gazeta.babr.ru; accessed 30 november 2015.
imperial throne (sovereign nation); accessed 30 november 2015.
repubblica di sbarre centrali
a self-proclaimed republic by people from sbarre district in reggio city (southern italy) during the reggio revolt.
this micronation disappeared after the end of the revolt.
a world war ii military facility consisting of a man-made structure located off the english coast that was occupied and declared to be an independent state by paddy roy bates.
paddy roy bates
a micronation founded as a bedroom kingdom by milwaukee, wisconsin (usa) resident robert ben madison.
madison claims to have coined the term "micronation".prior to madison's departure in 2005 the group split into a separate "kingdom of talossa" and "republic of talossa".
principality of trinidad
the principality of trinidad was declared in 1893, when the american james harden-hickey claimed the uninhabited island trindade and martim vaz in the south atlantic and declared himself as james i, prince of trinidad.
uupis is a neighborhood largely located in the old town of vilnius, lithuania.
in 1997, the residents of the area declared a republic of uupis, with its own flag, currency, president, and constitution.
a micronation located in manitoba, canada that was founded for the purposes of a tv documentary about micronations.
it claims two properties in and near the town of brandon.
a german anti-nuclear protest in the wendland, reoccupied by thousands of policemen after a few weeks.
micronation founded by travis mchenry, subsequently dubbed the grand duchy of westarctica, claiming a piece of marie byrd land, the last slice in antarctica unclaimed by any nation.mariska van brederode, the grand duchy of westarctica (west-antarctica) columbus magazine (june 2010)
0 ?(proposed rebuilding of byrd station)
wirtland is an experiment into legitimacy and self-sustainability of a country without its own soil, which transcends national borders without breaching or lessening the sovereignty of any involved.fox 45 morning news, wirtland on fox news, fox 45 morning news (usa), 20 january 2009.
established by paul delprat sydney morning herald; retrieved 10 october 2010.
after a dispute with the local council of mosman municipality in sydney history of mosman council, mosman council official website,, which lists the year of secession as 2004. over the construction of a driveway into his property.
prince paul of wy
based on a two-acre tract of land in box elder county, utah, the republic of zaqistan was founded by new york resident zaq landsberg as an "art project" to see "how far he can push the boundaries of land ownership and sovereignty."cabrero, alex. "
new york man creates 'sovereign nation' in box elder county."
ksl-tv; retrieved 24 october 2015.
60 miles from the nearest town and 15 miles from paved road, the mostly empty lot is guarded by robot sentries and boasts a border-crossing and a supply bunker."
new york man builds own 'country' in utah, has passports and border patrol."
associated press (via foxnews.com); retrieved 30 november 2015.