striga, adalah marga (genus) tumbuhan yang mencakup sekelompok gulma parasit tanaman pangan yang dijuluki sebagai "rumput setan".
dalam pustaka berbahasa inggris dikenal sebagai witchweed atau witchers weed.
tumbuhan ini ditemukan di afrika, asia, dan australia, terutama di kawasan beriklim tropis.
beberapa jenisnya merupakan organisme pengganggu tanaman yang serius karena tidak sekadar menjadi parasit tetapi juga menyebabkan penyakit tanaman pangan, terutama di kawasan pertanian savanna afrika.
sebagai pengganggu, striga telah menyebar pula ke benua amerika.
striga merupakan tumbuhan yang sangat diawasi penyebarannya oleh jawatan-jawatan karantina di seluruh dunia.
jagung, sorgum, dan tebu adalah tanaman yang paling sering terganggu oleh striga, bahkan dapat menimbulkan kerugian 100%, termasuk di amerika serikat.
di afrika, striga menjadi salah satu pengganggu terpenting.
sekitar 40% lahan savanna afrika yang dapat digarap terkena dampak striga, sehingga menyebabkan kerugian sampai 13 milyar dollar as per tahun.
photo of a striga plant (witchweed)
striga asiatica has a very wide geographic distribution, from africa through southern and eastern asia to australia.
since the 1950s, it is also known from the united states.
this introduction, likely a result of human activity, resulted in an infestation of corn (maize) across many counties in north and south carolina.
the united states department of agriculture and state agencies imposed a quarantine on this area to control its spread - a process that was apparently successful.
striga gesnerioides, cowpea witchweed, as its name implies, is a parasite of cowpea (vigna unguiculata), which is not a grass, but a member of the legume family (fabaceae or leguminosae).
this species was also accidentally introduced into florida in the united states, where it was found parasitizing indigofera hirsuta (hairy indigo, another legume).
striga hermonthica (purple witchweed) is also a parasite that affects grasses, particularly sorghum and pearl millet in sub-saharan africa (senegal to ethiopia, democratic republic of congo and tanzania, angola, namibia).
striga aequinoctialis west africa
striga angolensis angola
striga angustifolia east africa, asia, indonesia
striga asiatica (asiatic witchweed) africa, arabian peninsula, india, burma, china, indonesia, the philippines, malaysia, new guinea, australia (introduced?), usa (introduced)
striga aspera africa
striga bilabiata africa
striga brachycalyx africa.
striga chrysantha central africa
striga dalzielii west africa
striga elegans angola, malawi, south africa, zimbabwe
striga forbesii africa, madagascar
striga gastonii chad, central african republic
striga gesnerioides (cowpea witchweed) africa, arabian peninsula, india, usa (introduced)
striga gracillima tanzania
striga hallaei gabon, democratic republic of congo
striga hirsuta madagascar
striga indica india
striga junodii south africa, mozambique
striga klingii west africa, nigeria, ghana, cameroon, togo
striga latericea east africa, ethiopia, somalia
striga lepidagathidis senegal, guinea, guinea bissau
striga lutea sudan, ethiopia
striga macrantha west africa, nigeria, ivory coast, togo
striga passargei west and central africa, arabian peninsula
striga pinnatifida ethiopia
striga primuloides ivory coast, nigeria
striga pubiflora somalia
striga yemenica ethiopia
striga densiflora in hyderabad, indiastriga densiflora in hyderabadstriga densiflora in hyderabad
the parasitic plant connection: striga photo gallery
the parasitic plant connection: striga asiatica in the usa
un development programme
striga research at the international institute of tropical agriculture (iita)
parasitic plants as weeds
striga weed control with herbicide-coated maize seed, cimmyt
a recipe for striga control in sub-saharan africa
facebook community page "striga research and control"