dalam kimia dan sains lainnya, istilah temperatur dan tekanan standar (inggris: standard temperature and pressure, disingkat stp) adalah sebuah keadaan standar yang digunakan dalam pengukuran eksperimen.
standar ini digunakan agar setiap data dalam percobaan yang berbeda-beda dapat dibandingkan.
standar yang paling umum digunakan adalah standar iupac dan nist.
terdapat juga variasi standar lainnya yang ditetapkan oleh organisasi-organisasi lainnya.
standar iupac sekarang ini adalah temperatur 0 c (273,15 k, 32 f) dan tekanan absolut 100 kpa (14,504 psi), sedangkan standar nist adalah 20 c (293,15 k, 68 f) dan tekanan absolut 101,325 kpa (14,696 psi).
dalam bidang industri dan komersial, kondisi standar temperatur dan tekanan bisanya perlu disebutkan untuk merujuk pada kondisi referensi standar untuk mengekspresikan volume gas dan cairan dan kuantitas lainnya.
walapun begitu, kebanyakan publikasi teknis hanya menyatakan "kondisi standar" tanpa penjelasan lebih lanjut, sehingga menimbulkan kerancuan dan kesalahan.
dalam lima sampai enam dasarwasa terakhir, para profesional dan ilmuwan yang menggunakan sistem satuan metrik mendefinisikan kondisi referensi standar temperatur dan tekanan untuk mengekspresikan volume gas sebagai 0 c (273,15 k) dan 101,325 kpa (1 atm).
sedangkan untuk yang menggunakan saturan imperial adalah 60 f (520 r) dan 14,696 psi (1 atm).
namun kedua definisi di atas tidak lagi digunakan.
terdapat beberapa definisi kondisi referensi standar yang sekarang digunakan oleh berbagai organisasi-organisasi di dunia.
beberapa organisasi mempunyai standar yang berbeda pada masa lalu, seperti iupac yang mempunyai standar 0 c dan 100 kpa (1 bar) sejak 1982 dan berbeda dengan standar lama 0 c dan 101,325 kpa (1 atm).
contoh lainnya pada industri perminyakan, dengan standar lama 60 f dan 14.696 psi, dan standar baru (terutama di amerika utara) 60 f dan 14,73 psi.
kondisi referensi standar temperatur tekanan mutlak kelembapan relatif
0100,000 iupac (definisi baru)
0101,325 iupac (definisi lama), nist, iso 10780
15101,3250"natural gas  standard reference conditions", iso 13443, international organization for standardization, geneva, switzerland iso standards catalogueicao's isa, iso 13443, eea,"extraction, first treatment and loading of liquid &
gaseous fossil fuels", emission inventory guidebook b521, activities 050201 - 050303, september 1999, european environmental agency, copenhagen, denmark emission inventory guidebook
egia"electricity and gas inspection act", sor/86-131 (defines a set of standard conditions for imperial units and a different set for metric units) canadian laws
20101,325 epa,"standards of performance for new sources", 40 cfr--protection of the environment, chapter i, part 60, section 60.2, 1990 new source performance standards nist"design and uncertainty for a pvtt gas flow standard", journal of research of the national institute of standards and technology, vol.108, number 1, 2003 nist journal
25101,325 epa"national primary and secondary ambient air quality standards", 40 cfr--protection of the environment, chapter i, part 50, section 50.3, 1998 national ambient air standards
25100,000 satp"table of chemical thermodynamic properties", national bureau of standards (nbs), journal of physics and chemical reference data, 1982, vol. 11, supplement 2.
20100,0000cagi"glossary", 2002, compressed air and gas institute, cleveland, oh, usa glossary
15100,000 spe the si metric system of units and spe metric standard 1984, richardson, tx, usa (notes for table 2.3 on page 25 define standard cubic foot and standard cubic meter)
fpsi % rh
6014,696 spe, u.s. osha,"storage and handling of liquefied petroleum gases" and "storage and handling of anhydrous ammonia", 29 cfr--labor, chapter xvii--occupational safety and health administration, part 1910, sect. 1910.110 and 1910.111, 1993 storage/handling of lpg scaqmd"rule 102, definition of terms (standard conditions)", amended december 2004, south coast air quality management district, los angeles, california, usa scaqmd rule 102
6014,73 egia, opec,"annual statistical bulletin", 2004, editor-in-chief: dr. omar ibrahim, organization of the petroleum exporting countries, vienna, austria opec statistical bulletin u.s. eia"natural gas annual 2004", doe/eia-0131(04), december 2005, u.s. department of energy, energy information administration, washington, d.c., usa natural gas annual 2004
5914,50378u.s. army standard metro"effects of altitude and atmospheric conditions", exterior ballistics section, sierra's "rifle and handgun reloading manual, 5th edition", sedalia, mo, usa exterior ballisticsthe pressure is specified as 750 mmhg. however, the mmhg is temperature dependant, as mercury expands as temperature goes up.
here the values for the 0-20 c range are given.
5914,69660iso 2314, iso 3977-2"gas turbines  procurement  part 2: standard reference conditions and ratings", iso 3977-2:1997 and "gas turbines - acceptance tests", iso 2314:1989, edition 2, international organization for standardization, geneva, switzerland iso
fin hg % rh
7029,920amca,ansi/amca standard 210, "laboratory methods of testing fans for aerodynamic performance rating", as implied here: when accessed on october 17, 2007the standard is given as 29.92 inhg at an unspecified temperature.
this most likely corresponds to a standard pressure of 101.325 kpa, converted into ~29.921 inhg at 32 f) massa jenis udara = 0,075 lbm/ft3.
standar amca berlaku hanya untuk udara.
egia: electricity and gas inspection act (of canada)
satp: standard ambient pressure and temperature
scaqmd: california's south coast air quality management district
"standard conditions for gases" from the iupac gold book.
"standard pressure" from the iupac gold book.
"stp" from the iupac gold book.
"standard state" from the iupac gold book.