taipan pedalaman (oxyuranus microlepidotus), juga dikenal secara umum di australia sebagai taipan barat, ular sisik kecil atau ular garang,white, julian (november 1991).
oxyuranus microlepidotus . "neurotoxic paralysis usually takes 2-4 hours to become clinically detectable.
coagulopathy however may become well established within 30 minutes of a bite" international programme on chemical safety.
retrieved november 8, 2013.
adalah jenis ular senawan yang sangat mematikan dari marga oxyuranus (taipan) suku elapidae yang endemik di wilayah semi-gersang di australia bagian tengah.cecilie beatson (november 29, 2011).
animal species:inland taipan australian museum.
retrieved october 14, 2013.
suku aborigin yang hidup di wilayah tersebut menamai ular ini dandarabilla.queensland snakes . history &
discovery. (archived) queensland museum.
retrieved november 15, 2013.
nama spesifiknya, microlepidotus, berasal dari kata micro="kecil" dan lepidos="sisik", merujuk pada sisik dorsalnya yang berukuran kecil.
ular ini pertama kali ditemukan oleh frederick mccoy di tahun 1879 lalu dideskripsikan oleh william john macleay di tahun 1882, namun untuk 90 tahun kedepan, hewan ini merupakan misteri bagi komunitas ilmiah karena selama 90 tahun itu tidak ada lagi penemuan spesimen, dan hakekatnya tidak ada lagi tambahan pengetahuan ilmiah mengenai hewan ini sampai akhirnya reptil ini ditemukan kembali di tahun 1972.rediscovery.
the rediscovery of the western taipan.
(archived) queensland museum.
retrieved november 15, 2013.
warna tubuh ular ini biasanya cokelat tua atau oranye gelap, namun itu tergantung pada musim.
tidak seperti kebanyakan ular, warna tubuh ular ini selalu berubah setiap pergantian musim.
pada musim dingin, warna tubuhnya cenderung cokelat gelap dengan kepala dan tengkuk (leher belakang) berwarna hitam mengkilap.
sedangkan pada musim panas, warna ini memudar menjadi oranye-kuning cerah atau kuning pucat dengan kepala dan tengkuk berwarna sama dengan badannya.
taipan pedalaman dianggap sebagai ular paling berbisa di dunia; berdasarkan nilai median dosis letal dalam tikus, untuk setiap tetes bisanya, sejauh ini mengandung tingkat racun terbesar dari segala ular - bahkan banyak dugaan racun ular ini lebih kuat daripada ular laut
the australian venom research unit (august 25, 2007).
"which snakes are the most venomous?".
university of melbourne.
retrieved october 14, 2013.
venom immunochemistry, pharmacology and emergency response (viper) institute.
frequently asked questions -what is the most venomous snake?.
"many experts answer that it is the inland taipan of australia, because its drop-by-drop concentration of venom has great potency when measured by its ability to kill rodents" . university of arizona.
retrieved october 14, 2013.
department of wildlife ecology and conservation.
frequently asked questions about venomous snakes.
"a comparative study found that the snake venom that is most toxic to mice (of the species tested) is that of the inland taipan (oxyuranus microlepidotus), found in australia".
university of florida.
retrieved november 5, 2013.
journal of herpetology vol.17 no.1 (1983) ecology of highly venoumous snakes: the australian genus oxyuranus.
"..the number of mouse ld50 doses per bite is much higher for oxyuranus microlepidotus (218,000 mice)...than for any other snakes, including sea snakes, investigated to date (broad, sutherland and coulter, 1979)." (page 1) university of sydney.
retrieved november 8, 2013.
nine of the world's deadliest snakes. "#1: the snake with the world's deadliest venom - oxyuranus microlepidotus" .
retrieved november 5, 2013.
bbc nature wildlife.
inland taipan page.
"australia's inland taipan is considered to be the most venomous snake in the world".
bbc. retrieved october 15, 2013.
cecilie beatson (november 29, 2011).
animal species:inland taipan "the venom of the inland taipan is extremely potent and is rated as the most toxic of all snake venoms in ld50 tests on mice".
retrieved october 14, 2013.
steve irwin presentation . australia zoo tour with steve irwin (1m54s) "..the number 1 most venomous snake in the entire world, the fierce snake".
australia zoo (official youtube channel).
retrieved october 14, 2013.inland taipan venom vs. sea snakes venom (most notable belcher's sea snake)
oakley, cecily (2011).
interview with associate professor bryan fry biochemist and molecular biologist.
"...for my phd, i worked on the inland taipan, which is the worlds most venomous snake..." .
australian academy of science.
retrieved october 14, 2013.
fry, brian site admin (april 10, 2005) most venomous, question: " ...i was talking to another herpatolagist and he said the hook nosed sea snake was the most venomous of all" fry answers: "the hook nosed myth was due to a fundamental error in a book called 'snakes in question'.
in there, all the toxicity testing results were lumped in together, regardless of the mode of testing (e.g. subcutaneous vs. intramuscular vs intravenous vs intraperitoneal).
as the mode can influence the relative number, venoms can only be compared within a mode.
otherwise, its apples and rocks."
venomdoc forums, retrieved february 25, 2015
kingsnake.com september guest chatter (september 16, 2006).
q&a with dr. bryan grieg fry, deputy director, australian venom research unit, university of melbourne.
"q: in retrospect to the ld50 charts, what do you personally feel is the hottest snake, in regards to potency, defensiveness, means of injection, etc.?
a: it is the inland taipan (oxyuranus microlepidotus).
not, as is popularised, any of the sea snakes." connectedbypets.com.
retrieved october 14, 2013.
garden of eden exotics (may 2, 2012) dr.
bryan grieg fry  interview "...the inland taipan (oxyuranus microlepidotus') is far and away the most toxic, much more so than even sea snakes." nyexotics.blogspot.com retrieved october 14, 2013  dan hewan ini memiliki bisa paling beracun dari segala reptil ketika dites pada kultur sel jantung manusia.
fry, bryan (february 08, 2005) most venomous,"q;i was wondering what snakes venom is the most potent to humans a:drop for drop it is the inland taipan (oxyuranus microlepidotus), which has a venom more toxic than any other land snake or even the sea snakes." venomdoc.com forums, retrieved april 17, 2014 seymour, jamie, world's worst venom, (min 44.33) "among the reptiles tested, the most toxic venom belongs to inland taipan, killing over 60% of heart cells in the first 10 minutes" national geographic channel retrieved april 17, 2014seymour, jamie, venom deathmatch "they have the most toxic venom towards humans then any other snake in the world" (min 1:49) national geographic channel, retrieved april 17, 2014 tidak seperti kebanyakan ular lainnya, taipan pedalaman adalah seekor pemburu khas mamalia yang menjadikan bisanya teradaptasi khusus untuk membunuh hewan berdarah panas.
great australian bites  three of the worst.
australian broadcasting corporation.
retrieved october 16, 2013.
inland taipan oxyuranus microlepidotus. venomsupplies.com.
retrieved october 18, 2013.
diperkirakan bahwa satu gigitan mengandung bisa yang cukup untuk membunuh setidaknya 100 manusia dewasa,
journal of herpetology vol.17 no.1 (1983) ecology of highly venoumous snakes: the australian genus oxyuranus.
"..the number of mouse ld50 doses per bite is much higher for oxyuranus microlepidotus (218,000 mice)...than for any other snakes, including sea snakes, investigated to date (broad, sutherland and coulter, 1979)." (page 1) university of sydney.
retrieved november 8, 2013.
"reptiles  fierce snake" .
retrieved october 14, 2013.
martin, stella (january 2004).
newsletter no. 80.
"it has been calculated that there is enough venom in just one bite of an inland taipan to kill more than 100 men of average size."
environmental protection agency (queensland).
retrieved october 18, 2013.
news (september 28, 2012) meet the world's deadliest snake in safety, taronga conservation society retrieved september 23, 2014
carbone, nick reporting on steve irwin (september 04, 2011).
remembering steve irwin: the 5 most memorable crocodile hunter videos "steve irwin plays with inland taipan (fierce snake)".
retrieved october 15, 2013.
berdasarkan pada sifat gigitannya, ada potensi untuk membunuh seseorang hanya dalam 30-45 menit jika tidak ditangani.
hoy, tiffany, (july 25, 2012) gallery: australia's 10 most dangerous snakes , australian geographic retrieved april 02.,2014
white, julian (november 1991).
oxyuranus microlepidotus . "neurotoxic paralysis usually takes 2-4 hours to become clinically detectable.
coagulopathy however may become well established within 30 minutes of a bite" international programme on chemical safety.
retrieved november 8, 2013.
division of medical toxicology.
"summary for human bite by inland taipan (oxyuranus microlepidotus)".
university of california, san diego.
retrieved october 15, 2013.
welton, ronelle ellen (2005) phd thesis.
proteomic and genomic characterisation of venom proteins from oxyuranus species.
"studies have shown that inland taipan venom has a higher hyaluronidase activity compared to coastal taipan venom" . james cook university.
retrieved november 15, 2013.
gardiner, stephanie (september 27, 2012).
"mystery over boy bitten by world's most venomous snake ".
(quoting julie mendezona, head keeper of reptiles and spiders, australian reptile park) the sydney morning herald.
retrieved october 14, 2013.
news from australia (september 27, 2012).
deadly taipan snake may have been a pet: catcher.
(quoting licensed reptile handler, barry martin) australiantimes.co.uk.
retrieved october 18, 2013.
ular ini sangat cepat dan lincah yang bisa menyerang dengan ketepatan yang ektrim,
(november 29, 2011).
snake bite, raymond hoser (official youtube channel) retrieved march 31, 2014
carbone, nick reporting on steve irwin (september 04, 2011).
remembering steve irwin: the 5 most memorable crocodile hunter videos "steve irwin plays with inland taipan (fierce snake)".
retrieved october 15, 2013.
news (october 10, 2013).
street's corner: houdini heir tries to escape world's deadliest snake.
kabb . (kabb "fox san antonio" official youtube channel).
retrieved november 11, 2013.
clinical toxinology resources.
snakebite protocols  oxyuranus microlepidotus.
"signs and symptoms of envenomation: e. fang marks: the snake strikes with extraordinary speed and accuracy, often snapping its jaws fiercely several times which can result in multiple punctures in the same attack.", "special considerations: a. multiple bites: the inland taipan is an extremely fast and agile snake which can strike instantly with extreme accuracy.
it is possible for a taipan to deliver more than one bite in a single attack."
university of adelaide.
retrieved october 18, 2013 sering mematuk beberapa kali dalam satu serangan,
seymour, jamie, venom deathmatch the snake demonstrates striking multiple times (min 1:49) national geographic channel, retrieved april 17, 2014
cecilie beatson (november 29, 2011).
animal species:inland taipan.
retrieved october 14, 2013.
clinical toxinology resources.
snakebite protocols  oxyuranus microlepidotus.
"signs and symptoms of envenomation: e. fang marks: the snake strikes with extraordinary speed and accuracy, often snapping its jaws fiercely several times which can result in multiple punctures in the same attack.", "special considerations: a. multiple bites: the inland taipan is an extremely fast and agile snake which can strike instantly with extreme accuracy.
it is possible for a taipan to deliver more than one bite in a single attack."
university of adelaide.
retrieved october 18, 2013.
dan menyuntikkan bisa dalam setiap kasus gigitan.abc news 24 (september 27, 2012) .
teen hospitalised after bite from deadly taipan.
(quoting toxicologist, dr geoff isbister) . australian broadcasting corporation.
retrieved november 13, 2013.
meski benar-benar berbisa dan menyerang secara berbahaya, berbeda dengan taipan pesisir yang cenderung agresif, taipan pedalaman biasanya cukup pemalu dan tertutup, dengan watak yang tenang,
cecilie beatson (november 29, 2011).
animal species:inland taipan "the venom of the inland taipan is extremely potent and is rated as the most toxic of all snake venoms in ld50 tests on mice".
retrieved october 14, 2013.
south australia arid lands natural resources management board.
biodiversity studies, student fact sheet.
government of south australia.
retrieved october 15, 2013.
clinical toxinology resources.
"oxyuranus microlepidotus -general details, taxonomy and biology, venom, clinical effects, treatment, first aid , antivenoms".
university of adelaide.
retrieved october 14, 2013.
abc news 24 (september 28, 2012) . 'placid' taipan in safe hands.
(quoting licensed reptile handler, judith {judy} martin) .
australian broadcasting corporation.
retrieved november 13, 2013.
dan lebih memilih untuk kabur dari masalah.
carbone, nick reporting on steve irwin (september 04, 2011).
remembering steve irwin: the 5 most memorable crocodile hunter videos "steve irwin plays with inland taipan (fierce snake)".
retrieved october 15, 2013.
threatened species october 10, 2012.
fierce snake  profile.
office of environment and heritage (new south wales).
retrieved october 15, 2013.
namun hewan ini akan mempertahankan dirinya dan mematuk apabila dipancing,
* cecilie beatson (november 29, 2011).
animal species:inland taipan "the venom of the inland taipan is extremely potent and is rated as the most toxic of all snake venoms in ld50 tests on mice".
retrieved october 14, 2013.
news (october 10, 2013).
street's corner: houdini heir tries to escape world's deadliest snake.
kabb . (kabb "fox san antonio" official youtube channel).
retrieved november 11, 2013.
steve backshall (may 19, 2013) film clip.
the most venemous snake on earth! - deadly 60 - bbc. bbc earth (official youtube channel).
retrieved november 14, 2013. salah ditangani,
abc news 24 (september 28, 2012) . 'placid' taipan in safe hands.
(quoting licensed reptile handler, judith {judy} martin) .
australian broadcasting corporation.
retrieved november 13, 2013.
(november 29, 2011).
snake bite, raymond hoser (official youtube channel) retrieved march 31, 2014 atau jika dicegah kabur.carbone, nick reporting on steve irwin (september 04, 2011).
remembering steve irwin: the 5 most memorable crocodile hunter videos "steve irwin plays with inland taipan (fierce snake)".
retrieved october 15, 2013.
karena hewan ini hidup di lokasi yang terpencil, taipan pedalaman jarang berhubungan dengan orang-orang;aussie animals.
inland taipan (oxyuranus microlepidotus).
retrieved october 18, 2013.
oleh karena itu ular ini tidak dianggap sebagai ular paling mematikan di dunia secara keseluruhan khususnya dalam segi watak ular dan kematian manusia per tahunnya.
world's deadliest snakes  ranking scale.
retrieved october 18, 2013.
walls, jerry g. . deadly snakes: what are the world's most deadly venomous snakes?.
retrieved november 5, 2013.
national geographic channel, (dangerous encounters with brady barr), video clip.
deadliest snakes / inland taipan "in deadliest snakes, brady approaches seven of the world's most dangerous and venomous snakes to determine which snake is the deadliest.
he will scientifically investigate each species of snake by grading them on five basic criteria: size, volume and toxicity of venom, personality, and number of human deaths."
reptile gardens (video host).
retrieved november 6, 2013.
sebutan "ular garang" disini mengacu pada bisa yang dimiliki ular ini, bukan pada prilakunya.threatened species october 10, 2012.
fierce snake  profile.
office of environment and heritage (new south wales).
retrieved october 15, 2013.
boulenger, g.a. 1896.
catalogue of the snakes in the british museum (natural history).
volume iii., containing the colubrid (opisthoglyph and proteroglyph),...
trustees of the british museum.
(taylor and francis, printers.) london.
xiv + 727 pp. + plates i.- xxv. (pseudechis microlepidotus, p. 332.)
mccoy, f. 1879. natural history of victoria.
prodromus of the zoology of victoria; or, figures and descriptions of the living species of all classes of the victorian indigenous animals.
decade iii. g.
(j. ferres, government printer.
melbourne.) 50 pp. + plates 21-30.
(diemenia microlepidota, pp. 1213 + plate 23, figures 2-3.)