alih hukum internasional umum
third world approaches to international law (twail) adalah mazhab kritis dari teori hukum internasionalo.
newness, imperialism, and international legal reform in our time: a twail perspective, osgoode hall law journal 43(1 & 2), p. 177 dan gerakan intelektual dan politik.m. mutua, (2000) what is twail?, proceedings of the 94th annual meeting of the american society of international law: pp.31-40, p. 38 twail adalah "penolakan dialektik besar-besaran terhadap hukum internasionalm. mutua, (2000) what is twail?, proceedings of the 94th annual meeting of the american society of international law: pp.31-40, p. 31 yang menganggap hukum internasional melanjutkan eksploitasi dunia ketiga melalui subordinasi ke negara-negara barat.
para pakar twail (disebut twail-ersl.
eslava, and s. pahuja, (2011).
between resistance and reform: twail and the universality of international law, trade, law and development 3(1), p. 26) berusaha mengubah aspek-aspek penindasan dalam hukum internasional dengan meninjau ulang dasar-dasar kolonial dalam hukum internasional.
twail terinspirasi oleh gerakan dekolonisasi yang terjadi setelah perang dunia ii di amerika latin, afrika, dan asia. konferensi asia afrika yang diselenggarakan di bandung, indonesia, tahun 1955 diakui sebagai tempat kelahiran twail karena kala itu negara-negara afrika dan asia bersatu untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan dunia ketiga.
twail tampil untuk menunjukkan persoalan material dan etis serta kesulitan yang dihadapi dunia ketiga.b.s.
chimni (2006) third world approaches to international law: manifesto, international community law review 8: pp. 3-27, p. 4
kajian dan organisasi twail dirintis oleh sekumpulan mahasiswa s2 harvard law school tahun 1996.j. t. gathii (2011) twail: a brief history of its origins, its decentralized network and a tentative bibliography, trade, law and development, 3 (1): pp. 26-48, p. 28 setelah konferensi kajian pascakolonialisme, teori ras kritis, dan hukum dan pembangunan di harvard law school bulan desember 1995, para mahasiswa s2 mengadakan pertemuan untuk menilai kelayakan pendekatan dunia ketiga terhadap hukum internasional.
para pakar twail telah mengadakan konferensi di universitas-universitas berikut ini:
twail i  harvard law school, 1997
twail ii  osgoode hall law school, 2001
twail iii  albany law school, 2007
twail iv  university of british columbia, 2008
twail v  university of oregon law school, 2011
twail vi - american university in cairo, 2015
tujuan utama twail adalah:
membangun pemahaman tentang bagaimana hukum internasional melanjutkan subordinasi bangsa non-eropa ke bangsa eropa melalui norma hukum internasional.
menciptakan kesempatan partisipasi dunia ketiga dalam hukum internasional.j. t.
gathii (2011) twail: a brief history of its origins, its decentralized network and a tentative bibliography, trade, law and development, 3 (1): pp. 26-48, p. 8-9k.
mickelson, (2008) taking stock of twail histories, 10 int. community l. rev. 355 p. 357
mengusulkan mekanisme hukum internasional alternatif yang berdiri bersama kritikus pendekatan neoliberal terhadap hukum internasional.b.s. chimni (2006) third world approaches to international law: manifesto, international community law review 8: pp. 3-27, p. 22
memberantas kemiskinan di dunia ketiga lewat pendidikan, kebijakan, dan politik.m. mutua, (2000) what is twail?, proceedings of the 94th annual meeting of the american society of international law: pp.31-40, p.31
memahami dan melibatkan pendidikan dunia ketiga dalam analisis hukum internasional.
hukum internasional umum
teori ras kritis
sejarah hukum internasional umum
a. anghie; b.s. chimni (2003) third world approaches to international law and individual responsibility in internal conflicts, chinese journal of international law 2(1): pp. 77103.
b.s. chimni (2006) third world approaches to international law: manifesto, international community law review 8: pp. 327.
b.s. chimni (ed.) (2011) third world approaches to international law, 3:1 trade, law and development.
d.p. fidler, (2003) revolt against or from within the west?
twail, the developing world, and the future direction of international law, 2(1) chinese journal of international law 29.
h. richardson iii, (2003) u.s. hegemony, race and oil in deciding united nations security council resolution 1441 on iraq, 17 temp. intl &
comp. l.j. 27.
j. alvarez, (2003) hegemonic international law revisited, 97 am. j. intl l. 881 hereinafter: alvarez hegemonic il.
j. alvarez, (2010) my summer vacation part ii: revisiting twail in paris.
j. t. gathii (2011) twail: a brief history of its origins, its decentralized network and a tentative bibliography, trade, law and development, 3 (1): pp. 2648.
k. mickelson, (2008) taking stock of twail histories, 10 int. community l. rev. 355.
l. eslava, and s. pahuja, (2011).
between resistance and reform: twail and the universality of international law, trade, law and development 3(1).
m. mutua, (2000) what is twail?, proceedings of the 94th annual meeting of the american society of international law: pp. 3140.
m.w. janis, (1983) towards a new international order by mohammed bedjaoui, 6 b.c. intl &
comp. l. rev. 355.
o. okafor, (2005).
newness, imperialism, and international legal reform in our time: a twail perspective, osgoode hall law journal 43(1 &
m. fakhri, (2012).
"questioning twail's agenda", 14:1 oregon review of international law 1.
kategori:kajian hukum kritis
kategori:literatur hukum internasional