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English | Figure 1. | 1 Figure Figure PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=organization-heading:37->38:0|Entity=(70-abstract-new-cf1-1-coref|XML=<hi rend:::"bold">
2 1 1 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 1 dep 1:dep Entity=70)|SpaceAfter=No
3 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct 1:punct XML=</hi>
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | January-june 2016 philippine power demand | 1 January January PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 compound 7:compound Discourse=elaboration-additional:38->29:3|Entity=(71-abstract-new-cf3-3,7-sgl(72-time-new-cf5-1,3-sgl|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date from:::"2016-01" to:::"2016-06"><w>
2 - - SYM SYM _ 3 case 3:case SpaceAfter=No
3 june June PROPN NNP Number=Sing|Typo=Yes 1 nmod 1:nmod:minus CorrectForm=June|Entity=(73-time-new-cf4-2-sgl|XML=<sic ana:::"June"></sic></w>
4 2016 2016 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 1 nmod:tmod 1:nmod:tmod Entity=(63-time-giv:inact-cf1-1-coref)73)72)|XML=</date>
5 philippine Philippine ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|Typo=Yes 7 amod 7:amod CorrectForm=Philippine|XML=<sic ana:::"Philippine"></sic>
6 power power NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 compound 7:compound Entity=(56-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-1-coref)
7 demand demand NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Entity=71)
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Now that the world is in the age where lighting seems to be a daily necessity, typical homes as shown in figure 1, consume nearly 27 percent of the energy used today: making lighting as the major source of electricity consumption. | 1 Now now ADV RB _ 26 advmod 26:advmod Discourse=context-circumstance:39->41:2
2 that that SCONJ IN _ 8 mark 8:mark _
3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det 4:det Entity=(74-place-acc:com-cf6-2-sgl
4 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj 8:nsubj Entity=74)
5 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop 8:cop _
6 in in ADP IN _ 8 case 8:case _
7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det 8:det Entity=(75-time-new-cf9-2-sgl
8 age age NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 acl 1:acl:that _
9 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 11 advmod 11:advmod Discourse=elaboration-attribute:40->39:0
10 lighting lighting NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj 11:nsubj|16:nsubj:xsubj Entity=(20-abstract-giv:inact-cf1-1-coref-Lighting)
11 seems seem VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 acl:relcl 8:acl:relcl _
12 to to PART TO _ 16 mark 16:mark _
13 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 16 cop 16:cop _
14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det 16:det Entity=(76-abstract-new-cf10-3-sgl
15 daily daily ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod 16:amod _
16 necessity necessity NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 xcomp 11:xcomp Entity=76)75)|SpaceAfter=No
17 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
18 typical typical ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod 19:amod Discourse=explanation-evidence:41->45:0|Entity=(77-place-new-cf7-2-sgl
19 homes home NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj 26:nsubj _
20 as as SCONJ IN _ 21 mark 21:mark Discourse=explanation-evidence:42->41:0
21 shown show VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 19 acl 19:acl:as _
22 in in ADP IN _ 23 case 23:case _
23 figure Figure PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 obl 21:obl:in Entity=(70-abstract-giv:inact-cf4-1-coref
24 1 1 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 23 dep 23:dep Entity=70)77)|SpaceAfter=No
25 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct 19:punct _
26 consume consume VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root Discourse=same-unit_m:43->41:1
27 nearly nearly ADV RB Degree=Pos 28 advmod 28:advmod Entity=(78-abstract-new-cf8-3-sgl
28 27 27 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 29 nummod 29:nummod _
29 percent percent NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj 26:obj _
30 of of ADP IN _ 32 case 32:case _
31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det 32:det Entity=(29-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-2-coref
32 energy energy NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nmod 29:nmod:of _
33 used use VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 32 acl 32:acl Discourse=elaboration-attribute:44->43:0
34 today today NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl:tmod 33:obl:tmod Entity=(17-time-giv:inact-cf5-1-coref)29)78)|SpaceAfter=No
35 : : PUNCT : _ 36 punct 36:punct _
36 making make VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 26 advcl 26:advcl Discourse=joint-other_m:45->29:5
37 lighting lighting NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj 36:obj Entity=(20-abstract-giv:act-cf1-1-coref-Lighting)
38 as as ADP IN Typo=Yes 41 case 41:case CorrectForm=_|XML=<sic ana:::""></sic>
39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det 41:det Entity=(20-abstract-giv:act-cf1-3-coref-Lighting
40 major major ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 amod 41:amod _
41 source source NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl 36:obl:as _
42 of of ADP IN _ 44 case 44:case _
43 electricity electricity NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 compound 44:compound Entity=(79-event-new-cf11-2-sgl(56-abstract-giv:act-cf2*-1-coref)
44 consumption consumption NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 nmod 41:nmod:of Entity=79)20)|SpaceAfter=No
45 . . PUNCT . _ 26 punct 26:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Lighting plays a large part on the consumption of household electrical energy; it consumes about 18% of the total generated electricity of total energy consumption in residential sectors as shown in figure 2 [2]. | 1 Lighting lighting NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj 2:nsubj Discourse=restatement-repetition_m:46->45:1|Entity=(20-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1-coref-Lighting)
2 plays play VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det 5:det Entity=(80-abstract-new-cf5-3-sgl
4 large large ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod 5:amod _
5 part part NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj 2:obj Entity=80)
6 on on ADP IN Typo=Yes 8 case 8:case CorrectForm=in|XML=<sic ana:::"in"></sic>
7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det 8:det Entity=(81-event-new-cf7-2-sgl
8 consumption consumption NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl 2:obl:on _
9 of of ADP IN _ 12 case 12:case _
10 household household NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound 12:compound Entity=(29-abstract-giv:act-cf2-3-coref(30-place-giv:inact-cf4-1-coref)
11 electrical electrical ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod 12:amod _
12 energy energy NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod 8:nmod:of Entity=29)81)|SpaceAfter=No
13 ; ; PUNCT : _ 15 punct 15:punct _
14 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj 15:nsubj Discourse=explanation-evidence:47->46:0|Entity=(20-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana-Lighting)
15 consumes consume VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis 2:parataxis _
16 about about ADV RB _ 17 advmod 17:advmod Entity=(82-abstract-new-cf6-3-sgl
17 18 18 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 18 nummod 18:nummod SpaceAfter=No
18 % % SYM NN Number=Sing 15 obj 15:obj _
19 of of ADP IN _ 23 case 23:case _
20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det 23:det Entity=(83-abstract-new-cf8-4-sgl
21 total total ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod 23:amod _
22 generated generate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 23 amod 23:amod _
23 electricity electricity NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nmod 18:nmod:of _
24 of of ADP IN _ 27 case 27:case _
25 total total ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod 27:amod Entity=(84-abstract-new-cf10-3-sgl
26 energy energy NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 compound 27:compound Entity=(29-abstract-giv:act-cf2-1-coref)
27 consumption consumption NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nmod 23:nmod:of _
28 in in ADP IN _ 30 case 30:case _
29 residential residential ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod 30:amod Entity=(65-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-2-coref
30 sectors sector NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nmod 27:nmod:in Entity=65)84)83)82)
31 as as SCONJ IN _ 32 mark 32:mark Discourse=explanation-evidence:48->47:0
32 shown show VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 15 advcl 15:advcl:as _
33 in in ADP IN _ 34 case 34:case _
34 figure Figure PROPN NNP Number=Sing 32 obl 32:obl:in Entity=(85-abstract-new-cf9-1-coref
35 2 2 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 34 dep 34:dep Entity=85)
36 [ [ PUNCT -LRB- _ 37 punct 37:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:49->47:1|SpaceAfter=No
37 2 2 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 15 dep 15:dep Entity=(86-abstract-new-cf11-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
38 ] ] PUNCT -RRB- _ 37 punct 37:punct SpaceAfter=No
39 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct 2:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Figure 2. | 1 Figure Figure PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=organization-heading:50->51:0|Entity=(85-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1-coref|XML=<hi rend:::"bold">
2 2 2 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 1 dep 1:dep Entity=85)|SpaceAfter=No
3 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct 1:punct XML=</hi>
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Estimated electricity use in residential sector | 1 Estimated estimate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 amod 3:amod Discourse=elaboration-additional:51->47:2|Entity=(87-abstract-new-cf3-3-sgl
2 electricity electricity NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound 3:compound Entity=(56-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-1-coref)
3 use use NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root _
4 in in ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
5 residential residential ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod 6:amod Entity=(65-abstract-giv:inact-cf1-2-coref
6 sector sector NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod 3:nmod:in Entity=65)87)
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | One of the main factors in lighting energy consumption is the light bulb. | 1 One one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 13 nsubj 13:nsubj Discourse=joint-other_m:52->19:5|Entity=(88-object-new-cf1-1-coref
2 of of ADP IN _ 5 case 5:case _
3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det 5:det _
4 main main ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod 5:amod _
5 factors factor NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 nmod 1:nmod:of _
6 in in ADP IN _ 9 case 9:case _
7 lighting lighting NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 compound 8:compound Entity=(89-event-new-cf3-3-sgl(90-abstract-new-cf4-2-coref(20-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-1-coref-Lighting)
8 energy energy NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 compound 9:compound Entity=90)
9 consumption consumption NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod 5:nmod:in Entity=89)88)
10 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 cop 13:cop _
11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det 13:det Entity=(88-object-giv:act-cf1-3-coref
12 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 compound 13:compound _
13 bulb bulb NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Entity=88)|SpaceAfter=No
14 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct 13:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The use of correct and appropriate type of light bulb improves the efficiency of energy usage. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=explanation-justify:53->52:0|Entity=(91-abstract-new-cf3-2-sgl
2 use use NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj 11:nsubj _
3 of of ADP IN _ 7 case 7:case _
4 correct correct ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod 7:amod Entity=(92-abstract-new-cf5-4-sgl
5 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc 6:cc _
6 appropriate appropriate ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 conj 4:conj:and|7:amod _
7 type type NOUN NN Number=Sing|Typo=Yes 2 nmod 2:nmod:of CorrectForm=types|XML=<sic ana:::"types"></sic>
8 of of ADP IN _ 10 case 10:case _
9 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound 10:compound Entity=(88-object-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
10 bulb bulb NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod 7:nmod:of Entity=88)92)91)
11 improves improve VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det 13:det Entity=(93-abstract-new-cf4-2-sgl
13 efficiency efficiency NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj 11:obj _
14 of of ADP IN _ 16 case 16:case _
15 energy energy NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 compound 16:compound Entity=(94-abstract-new-cf6-2-sgl(90-abstract-giv:act-cf2-1-coref)
16 usage usage NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod 13:nmod:of Entity=94)93)|SpaceAfter=No
17 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct 11:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | There are three general types of lighting that are widely used in the household nowadays: the (light-emitting diode) LED bulb, (compact fluorescent light) CFL bulb and the incandescent bulb. | 1 There there PRON EX PronType=Dem 2 expl 2:expl Discourse=organization-preparation:54->56:2
2 are be VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
3 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 5 nummod 5:nummod Entity=(95-object-new-cf1-3-coref
4 general general ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod 5:amod _
5 types type NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj 2:nsubj|11:nsubj:pass _
6 of of ADP IN _ 7 case 7:case _
7 lighting lighting NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod 5:nmod:of Entity=(20-abstract-giv:inact-cf5-1-coref-Lighting)
8 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 11 nsubj:pass 5:ref Discourse=elaboration-attribute:55->54:0
9 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux:pass 11:aux:pass _
10 widely widely ADV RB Degree=Pos 11 advmod 11:advmod _
11 used use VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 acl:relcl 5:acl:relcl _
12 in in ADP IN _ 14 case 14:case _
13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det 14:det Entity=(30-place-giv:inact-cf4-2-coref
14 household household NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl 11:obl:in Entity=30)
15 nowadays nowadays ADV RB Degree=Pos 11 advmod 11:advmod Entity=95)|SpaceAfter=No
16 : : PUNCT : _ 17 punct 17:punct _
17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det 25:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:56->52:1|Entity=(95-object-giv:act-cf1-9,17,21-appos(96-object-new-cf8-9-coref
18 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 22 punct 22:punct Discourse=context-background:57->58:0|SpaceAfter=No
19 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 compound 21:compound Entity=(97-object-new-cf2-4-coref|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
20 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 19 punct 19:punct SpaceAfter=No
21 emitting emit VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 22 amod 22:amod XML=</w>
22 diode diode NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 compound 25:compound Entity=97)|SpaceAfter=No
23 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 22 punct 22:punct _
24 LED LED NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 appos 22:appos Discourse=same-unit_m:58->56:0|Entity=(97-object-giv:act-cf2-1-appos)
25 bulb bulb NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 appos 5:appos Entity=96)|SpaceAfter=No
26 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct 33:punct _
27 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 30 punct 30:punct Bridge=96<34|Discourse=context-background:59->60:0|Entity=(34-object-acc:inf-cf7-7-coref|SpaceAfter=No
28 compact compact ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod 30:amod Entity=(98-object-new-cf3-3-coref
29 fluorescent fluorescent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod 30:amod _
30 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 compound 33:compound Entity=98)|SpaceAfter=No
31 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 30 punct 30:punct _
32 CFL CFL NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 appos 30:appos Discourse=same-unit_m:60->56:0|Entity=(98-object-giv:act-cf3-1-appos)
33 bulb bulb NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 conj 5:appos|25:conj:and Entity=34)
34 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc 37:cc _
35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det 37:det Bridge=96<99|Entity=(99-object-acc:inf-cf6-3-sgl
36 incandescent incandescent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod 37:amod _
37 bulb bulb NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 conj 5:appos|25:conj:and Entity=99)95)|SpaceAfter=No
38 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct 2:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | But each of them has their perks and perils [3]. | 1 But but CCONJ CC _ 5 cc 5:cc Discourse=evaluation-comment:61->56:1
2 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 5 nsubj 5:nsubj Bridge=96<100|Entity=(100-object-acc:inf-cf2-1-coref
3 of of ADP IN _ 4 case 4:case _
4 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nmod 2:nmod:of Entity=(95-object-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)100)
5 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
6 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss 7:nmod:poss Entity=(101-abstract-new-cf3-2,4-sgl(100-object-giv:act-cf2-1-ana)
7 perks perk NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj 5:obj _
8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc 9:cc _
9 perils peril NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 conj 5:obj|7:conj:and Entity=101)
10 [ [ PUNCT -LRB- _ 11 punct 11:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:62->61:0|SpaceAfter=No
11 3 3 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 5 dep 5:dep Entity=(102-abstract-new-cf4-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
12 ] ] PUNCT -RRB- _ 11 punct 11:punct SpaceAfter=No
13 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct 5:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Unfortunately, most of the time, people in the residential end up choosing a lamp based on it is price rather than its efficiency and this cause us to pay for our lighting more than necessary. | 1 Unfortunately unfortunately ADV RB Degree=Pos|Polarity=Neg 12 advmod 12:advmod Discourse=causal-cause:63->65:0|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 12 obl:tmod 12:obl:tmod _
4 of of ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det _
6 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl 3:obl:of SpaceAfter=No
7 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
8 people person NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj 12:nsubj|14:nsubj:xsubj Entity=(103-person-new-cf5-1-sgl
9 in in ADP IN _ 11 case 11:case _
10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det 11:det Entity=(65-abstract-giv:inact-cf4-2-coref
11 residential residential ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|Typo=Yes 8 nmod 8:nmod:in CorrectForm=residential sector|Entity=65)103)|XML=<sic ana:::"residential sector"></sic>
12 end end VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
13 up up ADP RP _ 12 compound:prt 12:compound:prt _
14 choosing choose VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 12 xcomp 12:xcomp Entity=(104-event-new-cf1-1-disc
15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det 16:det Entity=(105-object-new-cf3-2-coref
16 lamp lamp NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj 14:obj Entity=105)
17 based base VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 14 advcl 14:advcl Discourse=elaboration-additional:64->63:0
18 on on ADP IN _ 21 case 21:case _
19 it its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Typo=Yes 21 nmod:poss 21:nmod:poss CorrectForm=its|Entity=(106-abstract-new-cf6-3-sgl(105-object-giv:act-cf3-1-ana|XML=<sic ana:::"its">
20 is _ X POS _ 19 goeswith 19:goeswith CorrectForm=_|Entity=105)|XML=</sic>
21 price price NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl 17:obl:on Entity=106)
22 rather rather ADV RB _ 25 cc 25:cc _
23 than than ADP IN _ 22 fixed 22:fixed _
24 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss 25:nmod:poss Entity=(107-abstract-new-cf7-2-coref(105-object-giv:act-cf3-1-ana)
25 efficiency efficiency NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 conj 17:obl:on|21:conj:rather_than Entity=107)104)
26 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc 28:cc Discourse=elaboration-additional:65->61:1
27 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 28 nsubj 28:nsubj Entity=(104-event-giv:act-cf1-1-coref)
28 cause cause VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Typo=Yes|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj 12:conj:and CorrectForm=causes|XML=<sic ana:::"causes"></sic>
29 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 obj 28:obj|31:nsubj:xsubj Entity=(108-person-acc:com-cf2-1-ana)
30 to to PART TO _ 31 mark 31:mark _
31 pay pay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 xcomp 28:xcomp _
32 for for ADP IN _ 34 case 34:case _
33 our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss 34:nmod:poss Entity=(109-abstract-new-cf8-2-sgl(108-person-giv:act-cf2-1-ana)
34 lighting lighting NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl 31:obl:for Entity=109)
35 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 31 obj 31:obj _
36 than than ADP IN _ 37 case 37:case _
37 necessary necessary ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 obl 35:obl:than SpaceAfter=No
38 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct 12:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Today, CFLs are the most used lighting sources in the household. | 1 Today today NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl:tmod 9:obl:tmod Discourse=elaboration-additional:66->56:3|Entity=(17-time-giv:inact-cf3-1-coref)|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 CFLs CFL NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj 9:nsubj Entity=(98-object-giv:inact-cf1-1-coref)
4 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop 9:cop _
5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det 9:det Entity=(98-object-giv:act-cf1-5-coref
6 most most ADV RBS Degree=Sup 7 advmod 7:advmod _
7 used use VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 9 amod 9:amod _
8 lighting lighting NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 compound 9:compound Entity=(20-abstract-giv:inact-cf4-1-coref-Lighting)
9 sources source NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root 0:root _
10 in in ADP IN _ 12 case 12:case _
11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det 12:det Entity=(30-place-giv:inact-cf2-2-coref
12 household household NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod 9:nmod:in Entity=30)98)|SpaceAfter=No
13 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct 9:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Using CFLs will allow people to decrease their energy consumption; also it is a good start to decrease greenhouse emissions. | 1 Using use VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 4 csubj 4:csubj Discourse=evaluation-comment:67->66:0|Entity=(110-event-new-cf1-1-disc
2 CFLs CFL NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 obj 1:obj Entity=(98-object-giv:act-cf3*-1-coref)110)
3 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux 4:aux _
4 allow allow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root 0:root _
5 people person NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj 4:obj|7:nsubj:xsubj Entity=(111-person-new-cf2-1-coref)
6 to to PART TO _ 7 mark 7:mark _
7 decrease decrease VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 xcomp 4:xcomp _
8 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss 10:nmod:poss Entity=(112-abstract-new-cf4-3-sgl(111-person-giv:act-cf2-1-ana)
9 energy energy NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound 10:compound _
10 consumption consumption NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj 7:obj Entity=112)|SpaceAfter=No
11 ; ; PUNCT : _ 17 punct 17:punct _
12 also also ADV RB _ 17 advmod 17:advmod Discourse=joint-list_m:68->67:0
13 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj 17:nsubj Entity=(110-event-giv:act-cf1-1-coref)
14 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 cop 17:cop _
15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det 17:det Entity=(110-event-giv:act-cf1-3-pred
16 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod 17:amod _
17 start start NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 parataxis 4:parataxis _
18 to to PART TO _ 19 mark 19:mark Discourse=purpose-attribute:69->68:0
19 decrease decrease VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 acl 17:acl:to _
20 greenhouse greenhouse NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 compound 21:compound Entity=(113-substance-new-cf5-2-sgl
21 emissions emission NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obj 19:obj Entity=113)110)|SpaceAfter=No
22 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct 4:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | However, the main problem of CFLs is the mercury they contain. | 1 However however ADV RB _ 10 advmod 10:advmod Discourse=context-background:70->75:3|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det 5:det Entity=(35-substance-giv:inact-cf2-3-coref
4 main main ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod 5:amod _
5 problem problem NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj 10:nsubj _
6 of of ADP IN _ 7 case 7:case _
7 CFLs CFL NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nmod 5:nmod:of Entity=(98-object-giv:act-cf1*-1-coref)35)
8 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop 10:cop _
9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det 10:det Entity=(35-substance-giv:act-cf2-2-coref
10 mercury mercury NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root _
11 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj 12:nsubj Discourse=elaboration-attribute:71->70:0|Entity=(98-object-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
12 contain contain VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 acl:relcl 10:acl:relcl Entity=35)|SpaceAfter=No
13 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct 10:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | When products and wastes containing mercury are improperly disposed of, mercury is released into the air, ground or water. | 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 9 advmod 9:advmod Discourse=contingency-condition:72->75:1
2 products product NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj:pass 9:nsubj:pass Entity=(114-object-new-cf2-1,3-sgl
3 and and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc 4:cc _
4 wastes waste NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj 2:conj:and|9:nsubj:pass Entity=(115-substance-new-cf6-2-sgl
5 containing contain VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 acl 2:acl Discourse=elaboration-attribute:73->72:0
6 mercury mercury NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj 5:obj Entity=(116-substance-new-cf1-1-coref)115)114)
7 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux:pass 9:aux:pass Discourse=same-unit_m:74->72:1
8 improperly improperly ADV RB Degree=Pos 9 advmod 9:advmod _
9 disposed dispose VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 advcl 14:advcl:when _
10 of of ADP IN _ 2 case 2:case SpaceAfter=No
11 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct 9:punct _
12 mercury mercury NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj:pass 14:nsubj:pass Discourse=adversative-contrast_m:75->67:1|Entity=(116-substance-giv:act-cf1-1-coref)
13 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux:pass 14:aux:pass _
14 released release VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root 0:root _
15 into into ADP IN _ 17 case 17:case _
16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det 17:det Entity=(117-substance-new-cf3-2-sgl
17 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl 14:obl:into Entity=117)|SpaceAfter=No
18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct 19:punct _
19 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj 14:obl:into|17:conj:or Entity=(118-place-new-cf4-1-sgl)
20 or or CCONJ CC _ 21 cc 21:cc _
21 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj 14:obl:into|17:conj:or Entity=(119-substance-new-cf5-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
22 . . PUNCT . _ 14 punct 14:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | It is persistent in the environment; it never breaks down nor goes away. | 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj 3:nsubj Discourse=elaboration-additional:76->75:0|Entity=(116-substance-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop 3:cop _
3 persistent persistent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root 0:root _
4 in in ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det Entity=(43-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-2-coref
6 environment environment NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl 3:obl:in Entity=43)|SpaceAfter=No
7 ; ; PUNCT : _ 10 punct 10:punct _
8 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj 10:nsubj|13:nsubj Discourse=restatement-repetition_m:77->76:0|Entity=(116-substance-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
9 never never ADV RB Polarity=Neg 10 advmod 10:advmod _
10 breaks break VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis 3:parataxis _
11 down down ADP RP _ 10 compound:prt 10:compound:prt _
12 nor nor CCONJ CC _ 13 cc 13:cc Discourse=joint-list_m:78->77:0
13 goes go VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj 10:conj:nor _
14 away away ADV RB Degree=Pos 13 advmod 13:advmod SpaceAfter=No
15 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct 3:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | In addition to the harmful effects of mercury is that it emits Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation. | 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case 2:case Discourse=joint-other_m:79->75:2
2 addition addition NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root _
3 to to ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det 5:det Entity=(36-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-3-coref
5 harmful harmful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod 6:amod _
6 effects effect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod 2:nmod:to _
7 of of ADP IN _ 8 case 8:case _
8 mercury mercury NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod 6:nmod:of Entity=(116-substance-giv:act-cf1*-1-coref)36)
9 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 cop 2:cop _
10 that that SCONJ IN _ 12 mark 12:mark _
11 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj 12:nsubj Entity=(116-substance-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
12 emits emit VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 csubj 2:csubj _
13 Ultraviolet ultraviolet ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod 17:amod Entity=(38-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-5-coref
14 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 15 punct 15:punct Discourse=restatement-partial:80->79:0|SpaceAfter=No
15 UV UV ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 appos 13:appos SpaceAfter=No
16 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 15 punct 15:punct _
17 Radiation radiation NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj 12:obj Discourse=same-unit_m:81->79:1|Entity=38)|SpaceAfter=No
18 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct 2:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | This UV radiation interacts with the chemicals on the inside of the bulb to generate light. | 1 This this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 det 3:det Discourse=context-background:82->79:2|Entity=(38-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-3-coref
2 UV UV ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod 3:amod _
3 radiation radiation NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj 4:nsubj Entity=38)
4 interacts interact VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
5 with with ADP IN _ 7 case 7:case _
6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det 7:det Entity=(120-substance-new-cf4-2-sgl
7 chemicals chemical NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl 4:obl:with _
8 on on ADP IN _ 10 case 10:case _
9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det 10:det Entity=(121-place-new-cf5-2-sgl
10 inside inside NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod 7:nmod:on _
11 of of ADP IN _ 13 case 13:case _
12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det 13:det Entity=(34-object-giv:inact-cf2-2-coref
13 bulb bulb NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod 10:nmod:of Entity=34)121)120)
14 to to PART TO _ 15 mark 15:mark Discourse=purpose-goal:83->82:0
15 generate generate VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 advcl 4:advcl:to _
16 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj 15:obj Entity=(122-abstract-new-cf3-1-coref)|SpaceAfter=No
17 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct 4:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The acute and chronic effects are the normal responses of the skin to UVR; acute reactions considered will be erythema (sunburn) and vitamin D production. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det 5:det Discourse=causal-result:84->79:3|Entity=(123-abstract-new-cf1-5-coref
2 acute acute ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod 5:amod _
3 and and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc 4:cc _
4 chronic chronic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 conj 2:conj:and|5:amod _
5 effects effect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj 9:nsubj Entity=123)
6 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop 9:cop _
7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det 9:det Entity=(123-abstract-giv:act-cf1-3-coref
8 normal normal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod 9:amod _
9 responses response NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root 0:root _
10 of of ADP IN _ 12 case 12:case _
11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det 12:det Entity=(124-object-new-cf5-2-coref
12 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod 9:nmod:of Entity=124)
13 to to ADP IN _ 14 case 14:case _
14 UVR UVR NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod 9:nmod:to Bridge=38<125|Entity=(125-abstract-acc:inf-cf4-1-coref)123)|SpaceAfter=No
15 ; ; PUNCT : _ 21 punct 21:punct _
16 acute acute ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod 17:amod Discourse=elaboration-additional:85->84:0|Entity=(126-abstract-new-cf2-2-coref
17 reactions reaction NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nsubj 21:nsubj|28:nsubj _
18 considered consider VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 17 acl 17:acl Discourse=elaboration-attribute:86->85:0|Entity=126)
19 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 21 aux 21:aux Discourse=same-unit_m:87->85:1
20 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 21 cop 21:cop _
21 erythema erythema NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 parataxis 9:parataxis Entity=(126-abstract-giv:act-cf2-1,8-pred(127-abstract-new-cf3-1-coref)
22 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 23 punct 23:punct Discourse=restatement-partial:88->87:0|SpaceAfter=No
23 sunburn sunburn NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 appos 21:appos Entity=(127-abstract-giv:act-cf3-1-appos)|SpaceAfter=No
24 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 23 punct 23:punct _
25 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc 28:cc Discourse=same-unit_m:89->87:1
26 vitamin vitamin NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 compound 28:compound Entity=(128-abstract-new-cf6-3-sgl(129-substance-new-cf7-1-sgl-Vitamin_D
27 D D NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 compound 26:compound Entity=129)
28 production production NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 conj 21:conj:and Entity=128)126)|SpaceAfter=No
29 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct 9:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Skin aging and skin cancer will be discussed as those reactions produced by prolonged or repeated UVR exposure [4]. | 1 Skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound 2:compound Discourse=joint-other_m:90->85:2|Entity=(130-abstract-new-cf1-2,5-coref(131-abstract-new-cf4-2-sgl(124-object-giv:act-cf2*-1-coref)
2 aging aging NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj:pass 8:nsubj:pass Entity=131)
3 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc 5:cc _
4 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound 5:compound Entity=(132-abstract-new-cf5-2-sgl(124-object-giv:act-cf2*-1-coref)
5 cancer cancer NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj 2:conj:and|8:nsubj:pass Entity=132)130)
6 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 8 aux 8:aux _
7 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 8 aux:pass 8:aux:pass _
8 discussed discuss VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root 0:root _
9 as as ADP IN _ 11 case 11:case _
10 those that DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 11 det 11:det Entity=(130-abstract-giv:act-cf1-2-coref
11 reactions reaction NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl 8:obl:as _
12 produced produce VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 11 acl 11:acl Discourse=elaboration-attribute:91->90:0
13 by by ADP IN _ 18 case 18:case _
14 prolonged prolong VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 18 amod 18:amod Entity=(133-abstract-new-cf6-5-sgl
15 or or CCONJ CC _ 16 cc 16:cc _
16 repeated repeat VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 14 conj 14:conj:or|18:amod _
17 UVR UVR NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 compound 18:compound Entity=(125-abstract-giv:act-cf3-1-coref)
18 exposure exposure NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl:agent 12:obl:agent Entity=133)130)
19 [ [ PUNCT -LRB- _ 20 punct 20:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:92->90:1|SpaceAfter=No
20 4 4 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 8 dep 8:dep Entity=(134-abstract-new-cf7-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
21 ] ] PUNCT -RRB- _ 20 punct 20:punct SpaceAfter=No
22 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct 8:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | In response to the aforementioned situation where the three types of lights are compared by their efficiency and effectiveness as light sources, the proponents conducted this study. | 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case 2:case Discourse=causal-result:93->52:3
2 response response NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl 26:obl:in _
3 to to ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det Entity=(104-event-giv:inact-cf4-3-coref
5 aforementioned aforementioned ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod 6:amod _
6 situation situation NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod 2:nmod:to _
7 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 14 advmod 14:advmod Discourse=elaboration-attribute:94->93:0
8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det 10:det Entity=(95-object-giv:inact-cf1-3-coref
9 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 10 nummod 10:nummod _
10 types type NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj:pass 14:nsubj:pass _
11 of of ADP IN _ 12 case 12:case _
12 lights light NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nmod 10:nmod:of Entity=95)
13 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux:pass 14:aux:pass _
14 compared compare VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 acl:relcl 6:acl:relcl _
15 by by ADP IN _ 17 case 17:case _
16 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss 17:nmod:poss Entity=(135-abstract-new-cf7-2,4-sgl(107-abstract-giv:inact-cf5-2-coref(95-object-giv:act-cf1-1-ana)
17 efficiency efficiency NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl:agent 14:obl:agent Entity=107)
18 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc 19:cc _
19 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj 14:obl:agent|17:conj:and Entity=(136-abstract-new-cf8-4-sgl
20 as as ADP IN _ 22 case 22:case _
21 light light ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod 22:amod Entity=(122-abstract-giv:inact-cf6-1-coref)
22 sources source NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nmod 17:nmod:as Entity=136)135)104)|SpaceAfter=No
23 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det 25:det Discourse=same-unit_m:95->93:1|Entity=(5-person-giv:inact-cf2-2-coref
25 proponents proponent NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj 26:nsubj Entity=5)
26 conducted conduct VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
27 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 28 det 28:det Entity=(39-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-2-coref
28 study study NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj 26:obj Entity=39)|SpaceAfter=No
29 . . PUNCT . _ 26 punct 26:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Since the CFLs are the most commonly used light bulbs in the residential and has a great compatibility to LED in terms of design and materials, the proponents conducted a study about innovating and recycling CFL into a more efficient and environment friendly LED light bulb. | 1 Since since SCONJ IN _ 10 mark 10:mark Discourse=explanation-justify:96->98:1
2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det Entity=(98-object-giv:inact-cf3-2-coref
3 CFLs CFL NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj 10:nsubj|15:nsubj Entity=98)
4 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop 10:cop _
5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det 10:det Entity=(98-object-giv:act-cf3-6-coref
6 most most ADV RBS Degree=Sup 7 advmod 7:advmod _
7 commonly commonly ADV RB Degree=Pos 8 advmod 8:advmod _
8 used use VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 10 amod 10:amod _
9 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound 10:compound _
10 bulbs bulb NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 advcl 30:advcl:since _
11 in in ADP IN _ 13 case 13:case _
12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det 13:det Entity=(65-abstract-giv:inact-cf5-2-coref
13 residential residential ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|Typo=Yes 10 nmod 10:nmod:in CorrectForm=residential sector|Entity=65)98)|XML=<sic ana:::"residential sector"></sic>
14 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc 15:cc Discourse=joint-list_m:97->96:0
15 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Typo=Yes|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj 10:conj:and|30:advcl:since CorrectForm=have|XML=<sic ana:::"have"></sic>
16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det 18:det Entity=(137-abstract-new-cf7-3-sgl
17 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod 18:amod _
18 compatibility compatibility NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj 15:obj _
19 to to ADP IN _ 20 case 20:case _
20 LED LED NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nmod 18:nmod:to Entity=(97-object-giv:inact-cf4-1-coref)
21 in in ADP IN _ 22 case 22:case _
22 terms term NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nmod 18:nmod:in _
23 of of ADP IN _ 24 case 24:case _
24 design design NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod 22:nmod:of Entity=(138-abstract-new-cf8-1-sgl)
25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc 26:cc _
26 materials material NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 conj 22:nmod:of|24:conj:and Entity=(139-substance-new-cf9-1-sgl)137)|SpaceAfter=No
27 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct 10:punct _
28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det 29:det Discourse=restatement-repetition_m:98->93:2|Entity=(5-person-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
29 proponents proponent NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj 30:nsubj Entity=5)
30 conducted conduct VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det 32:det Entity=(39-abstract-giv:act-cf2-2-coref
32 study study NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obj 30:obj _
33 about about SCONJ IN _ 34 mark 34:mark Discourse=elaboration-attribute:99->98:0
34 innovating innovate VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 32 acl 32:acl:about _
35 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc 36:cc _
36 recycling recycle VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 34 conj 32:acl:about|34:conj:and _
37 CFL CFL NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obj 34:obj|36:obj Entity=(98-object-giv:act-cf3-1-coref)
38 into into ADP IN _ 47 case 47:case _
39 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 47 det 47:det Entity=(140-object-new-cf10-9-sgl
40 more more ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 41 advmod 41:advmod _
41 efficient efficient ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 47 amod 47:amod _
42 and and CCONJ CC _ 44 cc 44:cc _
43 environment environment NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 compound 44:compound Entity=(43-abstract-giv:inact-cf6-1-coref)
44 friendly friendly ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 conj 41:conj:and|47:amod _
45 LED LED NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 compound 47:compound Entity=(97-object-giv:act-cf4-1-coref)
46 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 compound 47:compound _
47 bulb bulb NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl 36:obl:into Entity=140)39)|SpaceAfter=No
48 . . PUNCT . _ 30 punct 30:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Design of Mutation Operators for Testing Geographic Information Systems | 1 Design design NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=organization-heading:1->6:7|Entity=(1-abstract-new-cf2-1-sgl
2 of of ADP IN _ 4 case 4:case _
3 Mutation mutation NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound 4:compound Entity=(2-abstract-new-cf3-2-sgl(3-abstract-new-cf4-1-sgl)
4 Operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 nmod 1:nmod:of Entity=2)1)
5 for for SCONJ IN _ 6 mark 6:mark Discourse=purpose-attribute:2->1:0
6 Testing test VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 4 acl 4:acl:for _
7 Geographic geographic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod 8:amod Entity=(4-abstract-new-cf1-3-coref-Geographic_information_system
8 Information information NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 compound 9:compound _
9 Systems system NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj 6:obj Entity=4)
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Suilen H. Alvarado Laboratorio de Bases de Datos Campus de Elviña, Centro de investigación CITIC, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain; s.hernandez@udc.es | 1 Suilen Suilen PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=attribution-positive:3->6:6|Entity=(5-person-new-cf1-1,2,3-coref
2 H. H. PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat 1:flat _
3 Alvarado Alvarado PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat 1:flat Entity=5)
4 Laboratorio Laboratorio PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 list 1:list Entity=(6-organization-new-cf2-1,2,3,4,5-sgl
5 de de PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 flat 4:flat _
6 Bases Bases PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 flat 4:flat _
7 de de PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 flat 4:flat _
8 Datos Datos PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 flat 4:flat Entity=6)
9 Campus Campus PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 appos 4:appos Entity=(7-place-new-cf3-1,2,3-sgl
10 de de PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 flat 9:flat _
11 Elviña Elviña PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 flat 9:flat Entity=7)|SpaceAfter=No
12 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct 13:punct _
13 Centro Centro PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 appos 4:appos Entity=(8-organization-new-cf4-1,2,3,4-sgl
14 de de PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 flat 13:flat _
15 investigación investigación PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 flat 13:flat _
16 CITIC CITIC PROPN NNP Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing 13 flat 13:flat Entity=8)|SpaceAfter=No
17 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct 18:punct _
18 Universidade Universidade PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 appos 4:appos Entity=(9-organization-new-cf5-1,2,3-sgl-University_of_A_Coruña
19 da da PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 flat 18:flat _
20 Coruña Coruña PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 flat 18:flat Entity=9)|SpaceAfter=No
21 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct 22:punct _
22 15071 15071 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 1 list 1:list Entity=(10-place-new-cf8-1,2,3-coref
23 A A PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 flat 22:flat _
24 Coruña Coruña PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 flat 22:flat SpaceAfter=No
25 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct 26:punct _
26 Spain Spain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 appos 22:appos Entity=(11-place-new-cf6-1-coref-Spain)10)|SpaceAfter=No
27 ; ; PUNCT : _ 28 punct 28:punct _
28 s.hernandez@udc.es s.hernandez@udc.es PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 list 1:list Entity=(12-abstract-new-cf7-1-sgl)|XML=<ref></ref>
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Presented at the 2nd XoveTIC Congress, A Coruña, Spain, 5–6 September 2019. | 1 Presented present VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root 0:root Discourse=context-circumstance:4->6:5
2 at at ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det Entity=(13-organization-new-cf3-3,4-sgl
4 2nd 2nd ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumType=Ord 6 amod 6:amod _
5 XoveTIC XoveTIC PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 compound 6:compound _
6 Congress Congress PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 obl 1:obl:at Entity=13)|SpaceAfter=No
7 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct 8:punct _
8 A A PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 list 1:list Bridge=10<14|Entity=(14-place-acc:inf-cf2-1,2,4-sgl-A_Coruña
9 Coruña Coruña PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 flat 8:flat SpaceAfter=No
10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct 11:punct _
11 Spain Spain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 appos 8:appos Entity=(11-place-giv:act-cf1*-1-coref-Spain)14)|SpaceAfter=No
12 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct 13:punct _
13 5 5 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 1 list 1:list Entity=(15-time-new-cf4-1-sgl|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date from:::"2019-09-05" to:::"2019-09-06"><w>
14 – - SYM SYM _ 15 case 15:case SpaceAfter=No
15 6 6 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 13 nmod 13:nmod:to XML=</w>
16 September September PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 compound 13:compound Entity=(16-time-new-cf5-2-sgl
17 2019 2019 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 13 nmod:tmod 13:nmod:tmod Entity=(17-time-new-cf6-1-sgl)16)15)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=</date>
18 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct 1:punct _
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English | Abstract: | 1 Abstract abstract NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=organization-heading:5->6:3|Entity=(18-abstract-new-cf1-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<hi rend:::"bold">
2 : : PUNCT : _ 1 punct 1:punct XML=</hi>
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | In this article, we propose the definition of specific mutation operators for testing Geographic Information Systems. | 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=ROOT:6:0
2 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 det 3:det Entity=(19-abstract-acc:com-cf3-2-coref
3 article article NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl 6:obl:in Entity=19)|SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
5 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj 6:nsubj Entity=(5-person-giv:inact-cf1-1-ana)
6 propose propose VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det 8:det Entity=(20-abstract-new-cf5-8-disc
8 definition definition NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj 6:obj _
9 of of ADP IN _ 12 case 12:case _
10 specific specific ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod 12:amod Entity=(21-abstract-new-cf4-3-coref
11 mutation mutation NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound 12:compound Entity=(22-abstract-new-cf6-1-coref)
12 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nmod 8:nmod:of Entity=21)
13 for for SCONJ IN _ 14 mark 14:mark Discourse=purpose-goal:7->6:0
14 testing test VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 6 advcl 6:advcl:for _
15 Geographic geographic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod 17:amod Entity=(4-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-3-coref-Geographic_information_system
16 Information information NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound 17:compound _
17 Systems system NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj 14:obj Entity=4)20)|SpaceAfter=No
18 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct 6:punct _
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English | We describe the process for applying the operators and generating mutants, and present a case study where these mutation operators are applied to two real-world applications. | 1 We we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj 2:nsubj|14:nsubj Discourse=elaboration-additional:8->6:1|Entity=(5-person-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
2 describe describe VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det 4:det Entity=(23-abstract-new-cf4-2-sgl
4 process process NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj 2:obj _
5 for for SCONJ IN _ 6 mark 6:mark Discourse=purpose-attribute:9->8:0
6 applying apply VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 4 acl 4:acl:for _
7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det 8:det Entity=(24-abstract-new-cf5-2-coref
8 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj 6:obj Entity=24)
9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc 10:cc Discourse=joint-list_m:10->9:0
10 generating generate VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 6 conj 4:acl:for|6:conj:and _
11 mutants mutant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obj 10:obj Entity=(25-abstract-new-cf6-1-sgl)23)|SpaceAfter=No
12 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct 14:punct _
13 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc 14:cc Discourse=joint-sequence_m:11->8:1
14 present present VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj 2:conj:and _
15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det 17:det Entity=(26-abstract-new-cf7-3-sgl
16 case case NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound 17:compound _
17 study study NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj 14:obj _
18 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 23 advmod 23:advmod Discourse=elaboration-attribute:12->11:0
19 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 21 det 21:det Entity=(21-abstract-giv:act-cf2-3-coref
20 mutation mutation NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 compound 21:compound Entity=(22-abstract-giv:act-cf3-1-coref)
21 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj:pass 23:nsubj:pass Entity=21)
22 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 aux:pass 23:aux:pass _
23 applied apply VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 17 acl:relcl 17:acl:relcl _
24 to to ADP IN _ 29 case 29:case _
25 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 29 nummod 29:nummod Entity=(27-abstract-new-cf8-5-coref
26 real real ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod 28:amod SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
27 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 26 punct 26:punct SpaceAfter=No
28 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 compound 29:compound XML=</w>
29 applications application NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obl 23:obl:to Entity=27)26)|SpaceAfter=No
30 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct 2:punct _
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English | Keywords: mutation operators; geographic information systems; mutation testing | 1 Keywords keyword NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj 4:nsubj Discourse=organization-heading:13->14:0|Entity=(28-abstract-new-cf1-1-coref)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<hi rend:::"bold">
2 : : PUNCT : _ 1 punct 1:punct XML=</hi>
3 mutation mutation NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound 4:compound Discourse=restatement-partial:14->6:2|Entity=(28-abstract-giv:act-cf1-2,6,9-pred(22-abstract-giv:act-cf2*-1-coref)
4 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root 0:root SpaceAfter=No
5 ; ; PUNCT : _ 8 punct 8:punct _
6 geographic geographic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod 7:amod Entity=(4-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-3-coref-Geographic_information_system
7 information information NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 compound 8:compound _
8 systems system NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 conj 4:conj Entity=4)|SpaceAfter=No
9 ; ; PUNCT : _ 11 punct 11:punct _
10 mutation mutation NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 compound 11:compound Entity=(29-abstract-new-cf4-2-coref(22-abstract-giv:act-cf2*-1-coref)
11 testing testing NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj 4:conj Entity=29)28)
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English | 1. Introduction | 1 1. 1. X LS _ 2 dep 2:dep Discourse=organization-heading:15->31:6
2 Introduction introduction NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Entity=(30-abstract-new-cf1-1-sgl)
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Mutation-based testing [1] is a test technique that involves artificially introducing errors into a System Under Test (SUT). | 1 Mutation mutation NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound 3:compound Discourse=context-background:16->31:5|Entity=(29-abstract-giv:inact-cf1-4-coref|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
2 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 1 punct 1:punct SpaceAfter=No
3 based base VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 4 amod 4:amod XML=</w>
4 testing testing NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj 11:nsubj Entity=29)
5 [ [ PUNCT -LRB- _ 6 punct 6:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:17->16:0|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<ref>
6 1 1 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 4 appos 4:appos Entity=(31-abstract-new-cf4-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
7 ] ] PUNCT -RRB- _ 6 punct 6:punct XML=</ref>
8 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 cop 11:cop Discourse=same-unit_m:18->16:1
9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det 11:det Entity=(29-abstract-giv:act-cf1-3-pred
10 test test NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 compound 11:compound _
11 technique technique NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root|13:nsubj _
12 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 13 nsubj 11:ref Discourse=elaboration-attribute:19->16:2
13 involves involve VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 acl:relcl 11:acl:relcl _
14 artificially artificially ADV RB Degree=Pos 15 advmod 15:advmod _
15 introducing introduce VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 13 xcomp 13:xcomp _
16 errors error NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obj 15:obj Entity=(32-abstract-new-cf3-1-sgl)
17 into into ADP IN _ 19 case 19:case _
18 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det 19:det Entity=(33-abstract-new-cf2-2-coref
19 System system NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl 15:obl:into _
20 Under under ADP IN _ 21 case 21:case _
21 Test test NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nmod 19:nmod:under Entity=33)
22 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 23 punct 23:punct Discourse=restatement-partial:20->19:0|SpaceAfter=No
23 SUT SUT NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 appos 19:appos Entity=(33-abstract-giv:act-cf2-1-appos)|SpaceAfter=No
24 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 23 punct 23:punct Entity=29)|SpaceAfter=No
25 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct 11:punct _
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English | A mutant is a copy of the system in which a change has been done that, in most cases, will lead to a behaviour different than expected. | 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=context-background:21->16:3|Entity=(34-abstract-new-cf2-2-coref
2 mutant mutant NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj 5:nsubj Entity=34)
3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop 5:cop _
4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det 5:det Entity=(34-abstract-giv:act-cf2-2-pred
5 copy copy NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root|15:obl:in _
6 of of ADP IN _ 8 case 8:case _
7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det 8:det Entity=(33-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
8 system system NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod 5:nmod:of Entity=33)
9 in in ADP IN _ 10 case 10:case Discourse=elaboration-attribute:22->21:0
10 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 15 obl 5:ref _
11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det 12:det Entity=(35-event-new-cf5-5-sgl
12 change change NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj:pass 15:nsubj:pass|23:nsubj _
13 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux 15:aux _
14 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 15 aux:pass 15:aux:pass _
15 done do VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 acl:relcl 5:acl:relcl _
16 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 23 nsubj 12:ref Discourse=elaboration-attribute:23->22:0|SpaceAfter=No
17 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct 16:punct _
18 in in ADP IN _ 20 case 20:case _
19 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 20 amod 20:amod Entity=(36-event-new-cf3-2-sgl
20 cases case NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obl 23:obl:in Entity=36)|SpaceAfter=No
21 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct 20:punct _
22 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 23 aux 23:aux _
23 lead lead VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 acl:relcl 12:acl:relcl _
24 to to ADP IN _ 26 case 26:case _
25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det 26:det Entity=(37-event-new-cf4-2-sgl
26 behaviour behaviour NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl 23:obl:to _
27 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod 26:amod _
28 than than ADP IN _ 29 case 29:case Discourse=adversative-antithesis:24->23:0
29 expected expect VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 27 obl 27:obl:than Entity=37)35)34)|SpaceAfter=No
30 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct 5:punct _
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English | The different mutants are generated automatically by the application of mutation operators. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det Bridge=34<38|Discourse=elaboration-additional:25->21:1|Entity=(38-abstract-acc:inf-cf3-3-sgl
2 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod 3:amod _
3 mutants mutant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj:pass 5:nsubj:pass Entity=38)
4 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass 5:aux:pass _
5 generated generate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root 0:root _
6 automatically automatically ADV RB Degree=Pos 5 advmod 5:advmod _
7 by by ADP IN _ 9 case 9:case _
8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det 9:det Entity=(39-event-new-cf4-2-sgl
9 application application NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl:agent 5:obl:agent _
10 of of ADP IN _ 12 case 12:case _
11 mutation mutation NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound 12:compound Entity=(28-abstract-giv:inact-cf1-2-coref(22-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-1-coref)
12 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nmod 9:nmod:of Entity=28)39)|SpaceAfter=No
13 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct 5:punct _
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English | In the state of the art, we have found mutation operators, both general purpose and specific to different technologies, languages and paradigms [2–9]. | 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=adversative-concession:26->28:1
2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det Entity=(40-abstract-new-cf4-2-sgl
3 state state NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl 10:obl:in _
4 of of ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det _
6 art art NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod 3:nmod:of Entity=40)|SpaceAfter=No
7 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
8 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj 10:nsubj Entity=(5-person-giv:inact-cf2-1-ana)
9 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 aux 10:aux _
10 found find VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root 0:root _
11 mutation mutation NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound 12:compound Entity=(41-abstract-new-cf3-2-coref(22-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1-coref)
12 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obj 10:obj SpaceAfter=No
13 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct 16:punct _
14 both both CCONJ CC _ 16 cc:preconj 16:cc:preconj _
15 general general ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod 16:amod _
16 purpose purpose NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound 12:compound _
17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc 18:cc _
18 specific specific ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 conj 12:amod|16:conj:and _
19 to to ADP IN _ 21 case 21:case _
20 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod 21:amod Entity=(42-abstract-new-cf5-2-sgl
21 technologies technology NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obl 18:obl:to Entity=42)|SpaceAfter=No
22 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct 23:punct _
23 languages language NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 conj 18:obl:to|21:conj:and Entity=(43-abstract-new-cf6-1-sgl)
24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc 25:cc _
25 paradigms paradigm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 conj 18:obl:to|21:conj:and Entity=(44-abstract-new-cf7-1-sgl)41)
26 [ [ PUNCT -LRB- _ 27 punct 27:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:27->26:0|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<ref>
27 2 2 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 10 dep 10:dep Entity=(45-abstract-new-cf8-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
28 – - SYM SYM _ 29 case 29:case SpaceAfter=No
29 9 9 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 27 nmod 27:nmod:to Entity=(46-abstract-new-cf9-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=</w>
30 ] ] PUNCT -RRB- _ 27 punct 27:punct SpaceAfter=No|XML=</ref>
31 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct 10:punct _
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English | However, these operators are not adequate when trying to test software features associated with specific domains. | 1 However however ADV RB _ 7 advmod 7:advmod Discourse=explanation-justify:28->31:4|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 4 det 4:det Entity=(41-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
4 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj 7:nsubj Entity=41)
5 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop 7:cop _
6 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 7 advmod 7:advmod _
7 adequate adequate ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root 0:root _
8 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 9 advmod 9:advmod Discourse=contingency-condition:29->28:0
9 trying try VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 7 advcl 7:advcl:when _
10 to to PART TO _ 11 mark 11:mark _
11 test test VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 xcomp 9:xcomp _
12 software software NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 compound 13:compound Entity=(47-abstract-new-cf2-2-sgl(48-abstract-new-cf4-1-sgl)
13 features feature NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obj 11:obj _
14 associated associate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 13 acl 13:acl Discourse=elaboration-attribute:30->29:0
15 with with ADP IN _ 17 case 17:case _
16 specific specific ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod 17:amod Entity=(49-abstract-new-cf3-2-sgl
17 domains domain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl 14:obl:with Entity=49)47)|SpaceAfter=No
18 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct 7:punct _
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English | In this article, we propose mutation operators specific to the domain of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) applications. | 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=elaboration-additional:31->6:4
2 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 det 3:det Entity=(19-abstract-giv:inact-cf4-2-coref
3 article article NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl 6:obl:in Entity=19)|SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
5 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj 6:nsubj Entity=(5-person-giv:inact-cf2-1-ana)
6 propose propose VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
7 mutation mutation NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 compound 8:compound Entity=(20-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-2-coref(22-abstract-giv:inact-cf5-1-coref)
8 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj 6:obj _
9 specific specific ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod 8:amod _
10 to to ADP IN _ 12 case 12:case _
11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det 12:det Entity=(50-abstract-new-cf6-2-sgl
12 domain domain NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl 9:obl:to _
13 of of ADP IN _ 20 case 20:case _
14 Geographic geographic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod 15:amod Entity=(51-abstract-new-cf7-7-sgl(4-abstract-giv:inact-cf1-3-coref-Geographic_information_system
15 Information information NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 compound 16:compound _
16 Systems system NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 compound 20:compound Entity=4)
17 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 18 punct 18:punct Discourse=restatement-partial:32->31:0|SpaceAfter=No
18 GIS GIS NOUN NNS Abbr=Yes|Number=Plur 16 appos 16:appos Entity=(4-abstract-giv:act-cf1-1-appos-Geographic_information_system)|SpaceAfter=No
19 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 18 punct 18:punct _
20 applications application NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nmod 12:nmod:of Discourse=same-unit_m:33->31:1|Entity=51)50)20)|SpaceAfter=No
21 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct 6:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | These operators reproduce programming errors that are litely to occur during the development of this type of applications. | 1 These this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 2 det 2:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:34->31:2|Entity=(20-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
2 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj 3:nsubj Entity=20)
3 reproduce reproduce VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
4 programming programming NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound 5:compound Entity=(52-abstract-new-cf2-2-sgl
5 errors error NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj 3:obj|8:nsubj _
6 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 8 nsubj 5:ref Discourse=adversative-antithesis:35->34:0
7 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop 8:cop _
8 litely likely ADV RB Degree=Pos|Typo=Yes 5 acl:relcl 5:acl:relcl CorrectForm=likely|XML=<sic ana:::"likely"></sic>
9 to to PART TO _ 10 mark 10:mark _
10 occur occur VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 xcomp 8:xcomp _
11 during during ADP IN _ 13 case 13:case _
12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det 13:det Entity=(53-event-new-cf3-2-coref
13 development development NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl 10:obl:during _
14 of of ADP IN _ 16 case 16:case _
15 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 16 det 16:det Entity=(54-abstract-new-cf4-2-sgl
16 type type NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod 13:nmod:of _
17 of of ADP IN _ 18 case 18:case _
18 applications application NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nmod 16:nmod:of Entity=54)53)52)|SpaceAfter=No
19 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct 3:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | In addition, we present the implementation of these operators and as proof of concept we apply these operators to two real-world GIS applications and we generate the mutants. | 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case 2:case Discourse=joint-list_m:36->31:3
2 addition addition NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl 5:obl:in SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
4 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj 5:nsubj Entity=(5-person-giv:inact-cf1-1-ana)
5 present present VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det 7:det Entity=(55-abstract-new-cf4-2-sgl
7 implementation implementation NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj 5:obj _
8 of of ADP IN _ 10 case 10:case _
9 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 10 det 10:det Entity=(20-abstract-giv:act-cf2*-2-coref
10 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nmod 7:nmod:of Entity=20)55)
11 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc 17:cc Discourse=joint-list_m:37->31:3
12 as as ADP IN _ 13 case 13:case _
13 proof proof NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl 17:obl:as _
14 of of ADP IN _ 15 case 15:case _
15 concept concept NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod 13:nmod:of _
16 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj 17:nsubj Entity=(5-person-giv:act-cf1-1-ana)
17 apply apply VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj 5:conj:and _
18 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 19 det 19:det Entity=(20-abstract-giv:act-cf2*-2-coref
19 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obj 17:obj Entity=20)
20 to to ADP IN _ 26 case 26:case _
21 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 26 nummod 26:nummod Entity=(56-abstract-new-cf6-6-sgl
22 real real ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod 24:amod SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
23 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 22 punct 22:punct SpaceAfter=No
24 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 compound 26:compound XML=</w>
25 GIS GIS NOUN NN Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing 26 compound 26:compound Entity=(4-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-1-coref-Geographic_information_system)
26 applications application NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obl 17:obl:to Entity=56)
27 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc 29:cc Discourse=joint-list_m:38->37:0
28 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj 29:nsubj Entity=(5-person-giv:act-cf1-1-ana)
29 generate generate VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj 5:conj:and _
30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det 31:det Entity=(57-abstract-new-cf5-2-sgl
31 mutants mutant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obj 29:obj Entity=57)|SpaceAfter=No
32 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct 5:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | 2. Mutation Operators for GIS | 1 2. 2. X LS _ 3 dep 3:dep Discourse=organization-heading:39->46:4
2 Mutation Mutation PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 compound 3:compound Entity=(20-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1,2,4-coref(22-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-1-coref)
3 Operators Operator PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 0 root 0:root _
4 for for ADP IN _ 5 case 5:case _
5 GIS GIS PROPN NNP Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing 3 nmod 3:nmod:for Entity=(4-abstract-giv:act-cf2-1-coref-Geographic_information_system)20)
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | As a previous step to designing the mutation operators, we analyzed the main technologies used specifically in the development of GIS, and we identified typical errors a programmer can introduce during the development. | 1 As as ADP IN _ 4 case 4:case Discourse=context-background:40->46:0
2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det 4:det Entity=(58-event-new-cf9-3-sgl
3 previous previous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod 4:amod _
4 step step NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl 12:obl:as _
5 to to SCONJ IN _ 6 mark 6:mark Discourse=elaboration-attribute:41->40:0
6 designing design VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 4 acl 4:acl:to _
7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det 9:det Entity=(20-abstract-giv:act-cf2*-3-coref
8 mutation mutation NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 compound 9:compound Entity=(22-abstract-giv:act-cf5-1-coref)
9 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj 6:obj Entity=20)58)|SpaceAfter=No
10 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct 4:punct _
11 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj 12:nsubj Discourse=same-unit_m:42->40:1|Entity=(5-person-giv:inact-cf1-1-ana)
12 analyzed analyze VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det 15:det Entity=(59-abstract-new-cf7-3-sgl
14 main main ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod 15:amod _
15 technologies technology NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obj 12:obj _
16 used use VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 15 acl 15:acl Discourse=elaboration-attribute:43->42:0
17 specifically specifically ADV RB Degree=Pos 16 advmod 16:advmod _
18 in in ADP IN _ 20 case 20:case _
19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det 20:det Entity=(53-event-giv:inact-cf3-2-coref
20 development development NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl 16:obl:in _
21 of of ADP IN _ 22 case 22:case _
22 GIS GIS NOUN NNS Abbr=Yes|Number=Plur 20 nmod 20:nmod:of Entity=(4-abstract-giv:act-cf4-1-coref-Geographic_information_system)53)59)|SpaceAfter=No
23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct 26:punct _
24 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc 26:cc Discourse=joint-list_m:44->40:2
25 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj 26:nsubj Entity=(5-person-giv:act-cf1-1-ana)
26 identified identify VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj 12:conj:and _
27 typical typical ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod 28:amod Entity=(60-abstract-new-cf8-2-coref
28 errors error NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obj 26:obj _
29 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det 30:det Discourse=elaboration-attribute:45->44:0|Entity=(61-person-new-cf6-2-sgl
30 programmer programmer NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nsubj 32:nsubj Entity=61)
31 can can AUX MD Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin 32 aux 32:aux _
32 introduce introduce VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 acl:relcl 28:acl:relcl _
33 during during ADP IN _ 35 case 35:case _
34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det 35:det Entity=(53-event-giv:act-cf3-2-coref
35 development development NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl 32:obl:during Entity=53)60)|SpaceAfter=No
36 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct 12:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | These errors were formalized into mutation operators. | 1 These this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 2 det 2:det Discourse=joint-other_m:46->31:7|Entity=(60-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
2 errors error NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj:pass 4:nsubj:pass Entity=60)
3 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass 4:aux:pass _
4 formalized formalize VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root 0:root _
5 into into ADP IN _ 7 case 7:case _
6 mutation mutation NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 compound 7:compound Entity=(28-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-2-coref(22-abstract-giv:act-cf2-1-coref)
7 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl 4:obl:into Entity=28)|SpaceAfter=No
8 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct 4:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | In order to apply these operators to a SUT, we rely on Java reflection and aspect-oriented programming. | 1 In in SCONJ IN _ 4 mark 4:mark Discourse=purpose-goal:47->48:0
2 order order NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 fixed 1:fixed _
3 to to PART TO _ 4 mark 4:mark _
4 apply apply VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 advcl 12:advcl:in_order_to _
5 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 6 det 6:det Entity=(28-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
6 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj 4:obj Entity=28)
7 to to ADP IN _ 9 case 9:case _
8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det 9:det Entity=(62-abstract-new-cf3-2-coref
9 SUT SUT NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl 4:obl:to Entity=62)|SpaceAfter=No
10 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct 4:punct _
11 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj 12:nsubj Discourse=mode-means:48->46:1|Entity=(5-person-giv:inact-cf2-1-ana)
12 rely rely VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
13 on on ADP IN _ 15 case 15:case _
14 Java Java PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 compound 15:compound Entity=(63-abstract-new-cf4-2-coref(64-abstract-new-cf6-1-sgl-Java_%28programming_language%29)
15 reflection reflection NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl 12:obl:on Entity=63)
16 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc 20:cc _
17 aspect aspect NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 compound 19:compound Entity=(65-abstract-new-cf5-4-sgl|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
18 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 17 punct 17:punct SpaceAfter=No
19 oriented orient VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 20 amod 20:amod XML=</w>
20 programming programming NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 conj 12:obl:on|15:conj:and Entity=65)|SpaceAfter=No
21 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct 12:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Reflection allows us to obtain the list of classes and methods of the SUT, so the user can decide the methods to wish the operators will be applied. | 1 Reflection reflection NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj 2:nsubj Discourse=explanation-justify:49->48:1|Entity=(63-abstract-giv:act-cf2-1-coref)
2 allows allow VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
3 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 obj 2:obj|5:nsubj:xsubj Entity=(5-person-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark 5:mark _
5 obtain obtain VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 xcomp 2:xcomp _
6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det 7:det Entity=(66-abstract-new-cf6-2-sgl
7 list list NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj 5:obj _
8 of of ADP IN _ 9 case 9:case _
9 classes class NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nmod 7:nmod:of Entity=(67-abstract-new-cf8-1-sgl)
10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc 11:cc _
11 methods method NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 conj 7:nmod:of|9:conj:and Entity=(68-abstract-new-cf9-4-sgl
12 of of ADP IN _ 14 case 14:case _
13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det 14:det Entity=(62-abstract-giv:act-cf3-2-coref
14 SUT SUT NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod 9:nmod:of Entity=62)68)66)|SpaceAfter=No
15 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct 20:punct _
16 so so SCONJ IN _ 20 mark 20:mark Discourse=purpose-goal:50->49:0
17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det 18:det Bridge=62<69|Entity=(69-person-acc:inf-cf5-2-sgl
18 user user NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nsubj 20:nsubj Entity=69)
19 can can AUX MD Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin 20 aux 20:aux _
20 decide decide VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 advcl 2:advcl:so _
21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det 22:det Entity=(70-abstract-new-cf7-2-coref
22 methods method NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obj 20:obj|29:obl:to _
23 to to ADP IN _ 24 case 24:case Discourse=purpose-attribute:51->50:0
24 wish which PRON WDT PronType=Rel|Typo=Yes 29 obl 22:ref CorrectForm=which|XML=<sic ana:::"which"></sic>
25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det 26:det Entity=(24-abstract-giv:inact-cf4-2-coref
26 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nsubj:pass 29:nsubj:pass Entity=24)
27 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 29 aux 29:aux _
28 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 29 aux:pass 29:aux:pass _
29 applied apply VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 22 acl:relcl 22:acl:relcl Entity=70)|SpaceAfter=No
30 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct 2:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Later, we capture information about the methods of the SUT to be mutated, together with the information of the mutation operators that were already defined. | 1 Later late ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 4 advmod 4:advmod Discourse=joint-sequence_m:52->46:2|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj 4:nsubj Entity=(5-person-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
4 capture capture VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
5 information information NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj 4:obj Entity=(71-abstract-new-cf6-1-coref
6 about about ADP IN _ 8 case 8:case _
7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det 8:det Entity=(70-abstract-giv:act-cf2-2-coref
8 methods method NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nmod 5:nmod:about _
9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case 11:case _
10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det 11:det Entity=(62-abstract-giv:act-cf3-2-coref
11 SUT SUT NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod 8:nmod:of Entity=62)
12 to to PART TO _ 14 mark 14:mark Discourse=purpose-goal:53->52:0
13 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 14 aux:pass 14:aux:pass _
14 mutated mutate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 11 acl 11:acl:to Entity=70)|SpaceAfter=No
15 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct 19:punct _
16 together together ADV RB Degree=Pos 19 advmod 19:advmod _
17 with with ADP IN _ 19 case 19:case _
18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det 19:det Entity=(72-abstract-new-cf7-2-sgl
19 information information NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod 5:nmod:with _
20 of of ADP IN _ 23 case 23:case _
21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det 23:det Bridge=20<73|Entity=(73-abstract-acc:inf-cf5-3-sgl
22 mutation mutation NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 compound 23:compound Entity=(22-abstract-giv:inact-cf4-1-coref)
23 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nmod 19:nmod:of|27:nsubj:pass _
24 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 27 nsubj:pass 23:ref Discourse=elaboration-attribute:54->53:0
25 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 aux:pass 27:aux:pass _
26 already already ADV RB _ 27 advmod 27:advmod _
27 defined define VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 23 acl:relcl 23:acl:relcl Entity=73)72)71)|SpaceAfter=No
28 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct 4:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | From these data, we generate the mutation operator, in the form of on aspect, which will then be possible to interweave with the SUT which generates a mutant of the SUT. | 1 From from ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=joint-sequence_m:55->46:2
2 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 3 det 3:det Entity=(71-abstract-giv:act-cf2-2-coref
3 data datum NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obl 6:obl:from Entity=71)|SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
5 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj 6:nsubj Entity=(5-person-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
6 generate generate VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det 9:det Bridge=24<74|Entity=(74-abstract-acc:inf-cf5-3-sgl
8 mutation mutation NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 compound 9:compound Entity=(22-abstract-giv:act-cf4-1-coref)
9 operator operator NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj 6:obj Entity=74)|SpaceAfter=No
10 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct 13:punct _
11 in in ADP IN _ 13 case 13:case _
12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det 13:det _
13 form form NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl 6:obl:in _
14 of of ADP IN _ 16 case 16:case _
15 on a DET DT PronType=Art|Typo=Yes 16 det 16:det CorrectForm=an|Entity=(75-abstract-new-cf7-2-sgl|XML=<sic ana:::"an"></sic>
16 aspect aspect NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod 13:nmod:of|22:nsubj SpaceAfter=No
17 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct 22:punct _
18 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 22 nsubj 16:ref Discourse=elaboration-attribute:56->55:0
19 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 22 aux 22:aux _
20 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 22 advmod 22:advmod _
21 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 22 cop 22:cop _
22 possible possible ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 acl:relcl 16:acl:relcl _
23 to to PART TO _ 24 mark 24:mark _
24 interweave interweave VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 xcomp 22:xcomp|29:csubj _
25 with with ADP IN _ 27 case 27:case _
26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det 27:det Entity=(62-abstract-giv:act-cf3-2-coref
27 SUT SUT NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl 24:obl:with Entity=62)
28 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 29 nsubj 24:ref|29:nsubj Discourse=elaboration-additional:57->56:0
29 generates generate VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 advcl:relcl 24:advcl:relcl _
30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det 31:det Entity=(76-abstract-new-cf6-2-sgl
31 mutant mutant NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obj 29:obj _
32 of of ADP IN _ 34 case 34:case _
33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det 34:det Entity=(62-abstract-giv:act-cf3-2-coref
34 SUT SUT NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nmod 31:nmod:of Entity=62)76)75)|SpaceAfter=No
35 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct 6:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Next, we describe the definition of two operators and two cases of application on real-world GIS applications. | 1 Next next ADV RB Degree=Pos 4 advmod 4:advmod Discourse=elaboration-additional:58->46:3|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj 4:nsubj Entity=(5-person-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
4 describe describe VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det Entity=(77-abstract-new-cf3-2-sgl
6 definition definition NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj 4:obj _
7 of of ADP IN _ 9 case 9:case _
8 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 9 nummod 9:nummod Entity=(78-abstract-new-cf4-2-coref
9 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nmod 6:nmod:of Entity=78)77)
10 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc 12:cc _
11 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 12 nummod 12:nummod Entity=(79-abstract-new-cf5-2-sgl
12 cases case NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 conj 6:nmod:of|9:conj:and _
13 of of ADP IN _ 14 case 14:case _
14 application application NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nmod 12:nmod:of Entity=(80-abstract-new-cf6-1-sgl
15 on on ADP IN _ 20 case 20:case _
16 real real ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod 18:amod Entity=(81-abstract-new-cf7-5-sgl|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
17 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 16 punct 16:punct SpaceAfter=No
18 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 compound 20:compound XML=</w>
19 GIS GIS NOUN NN Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing 20 compound 20:compound Entity=(4-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-1-coref-Geographic_information_system)
20 applications application NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nmod 14:nmod:on Entity=81)80)79)|SpaceAfter=No
21 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct 4:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | ChangeCoordSys Operator (Listing 1): | 1 ChangeCoordSys ChangeCoordSys PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 compound 2:compound Bridge=78<82|Discourse=organization-preparation:59->61:5|Entity=(82-abstract-acc:inf-cf1-1,2-coref|XML=<hi rend:::"bold">
2 Operator Operator PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Entity=82)
3 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 4 punct 4:punct Discourse=restatement-partial:60->59:0|SpaceAfter=No
4 Listing Listing PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 dep 2:dep Entity=(83-abstract-new-cf2-1-coref
5 1 1 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 4 dep 4:dep Entity=83)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<ref></ref>
6 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 4 punct 4:punct SpaceAfter=No
7 : : PUNCT : _ 2 punct 2:punct XML=</hi>
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | It exchanges the coordinate system of a geometry, so it does not match the coordinate system that is being used in the user interface. | 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj 2:nsubj Discourse=elaboration-additional:61->58:0|Entity=(82-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
2 exchanges exchange VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det 5:det Entity=(84-abstract-new-cf2-3-coref
4 coordinate coordinate NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound 5:compound _
5 system system NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj 2:obj _
6 of of ADP IN _ 8 case 8:case _
7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det 8:det Entity=(85-abstract-new-cf4-2-coref
8 geometry geometry NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod 5:nmod:of Entity=85)84)|SpaceAfter=No
9 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct 14:punct _
10 so so SCONJ IN _ 14 mark 14:mark Discourse=causal-result:62->61:0
11 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj 14:nsubj Entity=(84-abstract-giv:act-cf2-1-ana)
12 does do AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux 14:aux _
13 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 14 advmod 14:advmod _
14 match match VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 advcl 2:advcl:so _
15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det 17:det Entity=(84-abstract-giv:act-cf2-3-coref
16 coordinate coordinate NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound 17:compound _
17 system system NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj 14:obj|21:nsubj:pass _
18 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 21 nsubj:pass 17:ref Discourse=elaboration-attribute:63->62:0
19 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux 21:aux _
20 being be AUX VBG VerbForm=Ger 21 aux:pass 21:aux:pass _
21 used use VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 17 acl:relcl 17:acl:relcl _
22 in in ADP IN _ 25 case 25:case _
23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det 25:det Entity=(86-abstract-new-cf3-3-sgl
24 user user NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 compound 25:compound Entity=(87-person-new-cf5-1-sgl)
25 interface interface NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl 21:obl:in Entity=86)84)|SpaceAfter=No
26 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct 2:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | It simulates the error of not checking that the coordinate system is correct. | 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj 2:nsubj Discourse=purpose-goal:64->61:1|Entity=(82-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
2 simulates simulate VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det 4:det Entity=(88-abstract-new-cf3-2-coref
4 error error NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj 2:obj _
5 of of SCONJ IN _ 7 mark 7:mark Discourse=elaboration-attribute:65->64:0
6 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 7 advmod 7:advmod _
7 checking check VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 4 acl 4:acl:of _
8 that that SCONJ IN _ 13 mark 13:mark _
9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det 11:det Entity=(84-abstract-giv:act-cf2-3-coref
10 coordinate coordinate NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 compound 11:compound _
11 system system NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nsubj 13:nsubj Entity=84)
12 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 cop 13:cop _
13 correct correct ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 ccomp 7:ccomp Entity=88)|SpaceAfter=No
14 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct 2:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The error is introduced by directly modifying the coordinate system of geometry when recovering the wrapping of the figure. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:66->61:2|Entity=(88-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
2 error error NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj:pass 4:nsubj:pass Entity=88)
3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass 4:aux:pass _
4 introduced introduce VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root 0:root _
5 by by SCONJ IN _ 7 mark 7:mark Discourse=mode-means:67->66:0
6 directly directly ADV RB Degree=Pos 7 advmod 7:advmod _
7 modifying modify VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 4 advcl 4:advcl:by _
8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det 10:det Entity=(84-abstract-giv:act-cf2-3-coref
9 coordinate coordinate NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound 10:compound _
10 system system NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj 7:obj _
11 of of ADP IN _ 12 case 12:case _
12 geometry geometry NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod 10:nmod:of Entity=(85-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-1-coref)84)
13 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 14 advmod 14:advmod Discourse=context-circumstance:68->67:0
14 recovering recover VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 4 advcl 4:advcl:when _
15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det 16:det Entity=(89-abstract-new-cf4-2-sgl
16 wrapping wrapping NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj 14:obj _
17 of of ADP IN _ 19 case 19:case _
18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det 19:det Entity=(90-abstract-new-cf5-2-sgl
19 figure figure NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod 16:nmod:of Entity=90)89)|SpaceAfter=No
20 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct 4:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Listing 1: A simplified definition of the ChangeCoordSys Operator. | 1 Listing Listing PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=organization-heading:69->70:0|Entity=(83-abstract-giv:inact-cf1-1-coref
2 1 1 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 1 dep 1:dep Entity=83)|SpaceAfter=No
3 : : PUNCT : _ 6 punct 6:punct _
4 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:70->61:3|Entity=(83-abstract-giv:act-cf1-3,6-appos
5 simplified simplify VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 6 amod 6:amod _
6 definition definition NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 appos 1:appos _
7 of of ADP IN _ 10 case 10:case _
8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det 10:det Entity=(82-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-2,3-coref
9 ChangeCoordSys ChangeCoordSys PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 compound 10:compound _
10 Operator Operator PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod 6:nmod:of Entity=82)83)|SpaceAfter=No
11 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct 1:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | This operator was applied to a mobile technology GIS application. | 1 This this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 2 det 2:det Discourse=context-background:71->76:1|Entity=(82-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
2 operator operator NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj:pass 4:nsubj:pass Entity=82)
3 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass 4:aux:pass _
4 applied apply VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root 0:root _
5 to to ADP IN _ 10 case 10:case _
6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det 10:det Entity=(91-abstract-new-cf3-5-coref
7 mobile mobile ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod 8:amod Entity=(92-abstract-new-cf4-2-sgl
8 technology technology NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound 10:compound Entity=92)
9 GIS GIS NOUN NN Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing 10 compound 10:compound Entity=(4-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-1-coref-Geographic_information_system)
10 application application NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl 4:obl:to Entity=91)|SpaceAfter=No
11 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct 4:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | This application allows registering places of interest for the user. | 1 This this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 2 det 2:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:72->71:0|Entity=(91-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
2 application application NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj 3:nsubj|4:nsubj:xsubj Entity=91)
3 allows allow VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
4 registering register VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 3 xcomp 3:xcomp _
5 places place NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj 4:obj Entity=(93-place-new-cf3-1-coref
6 of of ADP IN _ 7 case 7:case _
7 interest interest NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod 5:nmod:of Entity=93)
8 for for ADP IN _ 10 case 10:case _
9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det 10:det Bridge=91<94|Entity=(94-person-acc:inf-cf2-2-coref
10 user user NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl 4:obl:for Entity=94)|SpaceAfter=No
11 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct 3:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | These areas of interest are called Geofences. | 1 These this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 2 det 2:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:73->72:0|Entity=(93-place-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
2 areas area NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj:pass 6:nsubj:pass|7:nsubj:xsubj _
3 of of ADP IN _ 4 case 4:case _
4 interest interest NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod 2:nmod:of Entity=93)
5 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux:pass 6:aux:pass _
6 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root 0:root _
7 Geofences geofence NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 xcomp 6:xcomp Entity=(95-place-new-cf2-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
8 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct 6:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | A Geofence is determined by a geographical location expressed in terms of latitude, longitude, and a radius around that location. | 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:74->73:0|Entity=(96-place-new-cf2-2-sgl
2 Geofence geofence NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj:pass 4:nsubj:pass Entity=96)
3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass 4:aux:pass _
4 determined determine VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root 0:root _
5 by by ADP IN _ 8 case 8:case _
6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det 8:det Entity=(97-place-new-cf3-3-sgl
7 geographical geographical ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod 8:amod _
8 location location NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl:agent 4:obl:agent Entity=97)
9 expressed express VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 8 acl 8:acl Discourse=elaboration-attribute:75->74:0
10 in in ADP IN _ 11 case 11:case _
11 terms term NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl 9:obl:in _
12 of of ADP IN _ 13 case 13:case _
13 latitude latitude NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod 11:nmod:of Entity=(98-place-new-cf1-1,3-coref(99-place-new-cf4-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct 15:punct _
15 longitude longitude NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 conj 11:nmod:of|13:conj:and Entity=(100-place-new-cf5-1-sgl)98)|SpaceAfter=No
16 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct 19:punct _
17 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc 19:cc _
18 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det 19:det Entity=(101-abstract-new-cf6-2-sgl
19 radius radius NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 conj 11:nmod:of|13:conj:and _
20 around around ADP IN _ 22 case 22:case _
21 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 22 det 22:det Entity=(98-place-giv:act-cf1-2-coref
22 location location NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nmod 19:nmod:around Entity=98)101)|SpaceAfter=No
23 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct 4:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | By creating a Geofence with an erroneous location from its central location, the device will receive incorrect location notifications. | 1 By by SCONJ IN _ 2 mark 2:mark Discourse=elaboration-additional:76->61:4
2 creating create VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 17 advcl 17:advcl:by _
3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det 4:det Entity=(102-abstract-new-cf2-2-sgl
4 Geofence geofence NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj 2:obj _
5 with with ADP IN _ 8 case 8:case _
6 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det 8:det Entity=(103-place-new-cf4-3-sgl
7 erroneous erroneous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod 8:amod _
8 location location NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod 4:nmod:with Entity=103)102)
9 from from ADP IN _ 12 case 12:case _
10 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss 12:nmod:poss Entity=(104-place-new-cf5-3-sgl(105-object-new-cf1-1-cata)
11 central central ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod 12:amod _
12 location location NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl 2:obl:from Entity=104)|SpaceAfter=No
13 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det 15:det Discourse=purpose-goal:77->76:0|Entity=(105-object-acc:com-cf1-2-coref
15 device device NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj 17:nsubj Entity=105)
16 will will AUX MD Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin 17 aux 17:aux _
17 receive receive VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root 0:root _
18 incorrect incorrect ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod 20:amod Entity=(106-abstract-new-cf3-3-sgl
19 location location NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 compound 20:compound Entity=(107-place-new-cf6-1-sgl)
20 notifications notification NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obj 17:obj Entity=106)|SpaceAfter=No
21 . . PUNCT . _ 17 punct 17:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | As a result, the user will see in the application’s map viewer the Geofences drawn in erroneous zones (Figure 1). | 1 As as ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=causal-result:78->76:2
2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det _
3 result result NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl 8:obl:as SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det Entity=(94-person-giv:inact-cf1-2-coref
6 user user NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj 8:nsubj Entity=94)
7 will will AUX MD Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux 8:aux _
8 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root 0:root _
9 in in ADP IN _ 14 case 14:case _
10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det 11:det Entity=(108-abstract-new-cf4-5-sgl(91-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-2-coref
11-12 application’s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
11 application application NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod:poss 14:nmod:poss _
12 ’s 's PART POS _ 11 case 11:case Entity=91)
13 map map NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound 14:compound Entity=(109-abstract-new-cf7-1-sgl)
14 viewer viewer NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl 8:obl:in Entity=108)
15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det 16:det Entity=(110-abstract-new-cf3-2-sgl
16 Geofences geofence NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj 8:obj Entity=110)
17 drawn draw VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 16 acl 16:acl _
18 in in ADP IN _ 20 case 20:case _
19 erroneous erroneous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod 20:amod Entity=(111-abstract-new-cf6-2-sgl
20 zones zone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obl 17:obl:in Entity=111)
21 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 22 punct 22:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:79->78:0|SpaceAfter=No
22 Figure Figure PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 dep 8:dep Entity=(112-abstract-new-cf5-1-coref
23 1 1 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 22 dep 22:dep Entity=112)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<ref></ref>
24 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 22 punct 22:punct SpaceAfter=No
25 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct 8:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Figure 1. Original and mutant application. | 1 Figure Figure PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=organization-heading:80->81:0|Entity=(112-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1-coref|XML=<hi rend:::"bold">
2 1 1 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 1 dep 1:dep Entity=112)|SpaceAfter=No
3 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct 1:punct XML=</hi>
4 Original original ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 1 appos 1:appos Discourse=elaboration-additional:81->78:1|Entity=(113-abstract-new-cf3-1-sgl)
5 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc 7:cc _
6 mutant mutant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod 7:amod Entity=(114-abstract-new-cf2-2-sgl
7 application application NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj 1:appos|4:conj:and Entity=114)|SpaceAfter=No
8 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct 1:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | BooleanPolygonConstraint Operator (Listing 2): | 1 BooleanPolygonConstraint BooleanPolygonConstraint PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 compound 2:compound Bridge=78<115|Discourse=organization-preparation:82->84:3|Entity=(115-abstract-acc:inf-cf1-1,2-coref|XML=<hi rend:::"bold">
2 Operator Operator PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Entity=115)
3 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 4 punct 4:punct Discourse=restatement-partial:83->82:0|SpaceAfter=No
4 Listing Listing PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 appos 2:appos Entity=(116-abstract-new-cf2-1-coref
5 2 2 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 4 dep 4:dep Entity=116)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<ref></ref>
6 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 4 punct 4:punct SpaceAfter=No
7 : : PUNCT : _ 2 punct 2:punct XML=</hi>
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | It introduces errors in the processing of geometries, manipulating the result of the operations that carry out the verification of different topological restrictions between geometries, such as intersects, covers or overlap. | 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj 2:nsubj Discourse=joint-other_m:84->61:6|Entity=(115-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
2 introduces introduce VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
3 errors error NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj 2:obj Entity=(117-abstract-new-cf7-4-sgl
4 in in ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det Entity=(118-abstract-new-cf5-2-sgl
6 processing processing NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl 2:obl:in _
7 of of ADP IN _ 8 case 8:case _
8 geometries geometry NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nmod 6:nmod:of Entity=(119-abstract-new-cf2-1-coref)118)117)|SpaceAfter=No
9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct 10:punct _
10 manipulating manipulate VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 advcl 2:advcl Discourse=causal-result:85->84:0
11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det 12:det Entity=(120-abstract-new-cf3-2-sgl
12 result result NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj 10:obj _
13 of of ADP IN _ 15 case 15:case _
14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det 15:det Entity=(121-event-new-cf6-2-sgl
15 operations operation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nmod 12:nmod:of|17:nsubj _
16 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 17 nsubj 15:ref Discourse=elaboration-attribute:86->85:0
17 carry carry VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 acl:relcl 15:acl:relcl _
18 out out ADP RP _ 17 compound:prt 17:compound:prt _
19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det 20:det Entity=(122-event-new-cf4-2-sgl
20 verification verification NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj 17:obj _
21 of of ADP IN _ 24 case 24:case _
22 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod 24:amod Entity=(123-abstract-new-cf8-3-sgl
23 topological topological ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod 24:amod _
24 restrictions restriction NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nmod 20:nmod:of _
25 between between ADP IN _ 26 case 26:case _
26 geometries geometry NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nmod 24:nmod:between Entity=(119-abstract-giv:act-cf2-1-coref)|SpaceAfter=No
27 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct 30:punct _
28 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 case 30:case _
29 as as ADP IN _ 28 fixed 28:fixed _
30 intersects intersect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nmod 24:nmod:such_as Entity=(124-abstract-new-cf9-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
31 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct 32:punct _
32 covers cover NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 conj 24:nmod:such_as|30:conj:or Entity=(125-abstract-new-cf10-1-sgl)
33 or or CCONJ CC _ 34 cc 34:cc _
34 overlap overlap NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 conj 24:nmod:such_as|30:conj:or Entity=(126-abstract-new-cf11-1-sgl)123)122)121)120)|SpaceAfter=No
35 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct 2:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Listing 2: A simplified definition of the BooleanPolygonConstraint Operator. | 1 Listing Listing PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=organization-heading:87->88:0|Entity=(116-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-1-coref
2 2 2 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 1 dep 1:dep Entity=116)|SpaceAfter=No
3 : : PUNCT : _ 6 punct 6:punct _
4 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:88->84:1|Entity=(116-abstract-giv:act-cf2-3,6-appos
5 simplified simplify VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 6 amod 6:amod _
6 definition definition NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 appos 1:appos _
7 of of ADP IN _ 10 case 10:case _
8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det 10:det Entity=(115-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2,3-coref
9 BooleanPolygonConstraint BooleanPolygonConstraint PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 compound 10:compound _
10 Operator Operator PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod 6:nmod:of Entity=115)116)|SpaceAfter=No
11 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct 1:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | To test this operator it was applied to a land reparcelling system. | 1 To to PART TO _ 2 mark 2:mark Discourse=purpose-goal:89->90:1
2 test test VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 advcl 7:advcl:to _
3 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 4 det 4:det Entity=(115-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
4 operator operator NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj 2:obj Entity=115)
5 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj:pass 7:nsubj:pass Discourse=joint-other_m:90->84:2|Entity=(115-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
6 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux:pass 7:aux:pass _
7 applied apply VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root 0:root _
8 to to ADP IN _ 12 case 12:case _
9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det 12:det Entity=(127-abstract-new-cf2-4-coref
10 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 compound 11:compound Entity=(128-event-new-cf3-2-disc(129-place-new-cf4-1-coref)
11 reparcelling reparcel VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 12 amod 12:amod Entity=128)
12 system system NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl 7:obl:to Entity=127)|SpaceAfter=No
13 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct 7:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The objective of the land reparcelling is to reunify the lands of an owner to facilitate their exploitation. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:91->90:0|Entity=(130-abstract-new-cf4-2-sgl
2 objective objective NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj:outer 9:nsubj:outer _
3 of of ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det Entity=(128-event-giv:act-cf2*-3-coref
5 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound 6:compound Entity=(129-place-giv:act-cf3-1-coref)
6 reparcelling reparcelling NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod 2:nmod:of Entity=128)130)
7 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop 9:cop _
8 to to PART TO _ 9 mark 9:mark _
9 reunify reunify VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root 0:root _
10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det 11:det Entity=(131-place-new-cf1-2-coref
11 lands land NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obj 9:obj _
12 of of ADP IN _ 14 case 14:case _
13 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det 14:det Entity=(132-person-new-cf6-2-sgl
14 owner owner NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod 11:nmod:of Entity=132)131)
15 to to PART TO _ 16 mark 16:mark Discourse=purpose-goal:92->91:0
16 facilitate facilitate VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 advcl 9:advcl:to _
17 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss 18:nmod:poss Entity=(133-event-new-cf5-2-sgl(131-place-giv:act-cf1-1-ana)
18 exploitation exploitation NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj 16:obj Entity=133)|SpaceAfter=No
19 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct 9:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | In this application, the result of the operation between two polygons has been affected. | 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=organization-preparation:93->94:3
2 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 det 3:det Entity=(127-abstract-giv:inact-cf1-2-coref
3 application application NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl 15:obl:in Entity=127)|SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det Entity=(134-abstract-new-cf2-2-coref
6 result result NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj:pass 15:nsubj:pass _
7 of of ADP IN _ 9 case 9:case _
8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det 9:det Entity=(135-event-new-cf3-2-coref
9 operation operation NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod 6:nmod:of _
10 between between ADP IN _ 12 case 12:case _
11 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 12 nummod 12:nummod Entity=(136-abstract-new-cf4-2-coref
12 polygons polygon NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nmod 9:nmod:between Entity=136)135)134)
13 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux 15:aux _
14 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 15 aux:pass 15:aux:pass _
15 affected affect VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root 0:root SpaceAfter=No
16 . . PUNCT . _ 15 punct 15:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | This error causes the incorrect display of the resulting geometry that should be drawn in the user interface after the operation applied to the two initial geometries (Figure 2). | 1 This this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 2 det 2:det Discourse=joint-other_m:94->84:2|Entity=(134-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
2 error error NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj 3:nsubj Entity=134)
3 causes cause VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det Entity=(137-abstract-new-cf6-3-sgl
5 incorrect incorrect ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod 6:amod _
6 display display NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj 3:obj _
7 of of ADP IN _ 10 case 10:case _
8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det 10:det Entity=(138-abstract-new-cf7-3-sgl
9 resulting result VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 10 amod 10:amod _
10 geometry geometry NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod 6:nmod:of|14:nsubj:pass _
11 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 14 nsubj:pass 10:ref Discourse=elaboration-attribute:95->94:0
12 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 14 aux 14:aux _
13 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 14 aux:pass 14:aux:pass _
14 drawn draw VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 10 acl:relcl 10:acl:relcl _
15 in in ADP IN _ 18 case 18:case _
16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det 18:det Bridge=127<139|Entity=(139-abstract-acc:inf-cf4-3-sgl
17 user user NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 compound 18:compound Bridge=127<140|Entity=(140-person-acc:inf-cf5-1-sgl)
18 interface interface NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl 14:obl:in Entity=139)
19 after after ADP IN _ 21 case 21:case _
20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det 21:det Entity=(135-event-giv:act-cf2-2-coref
21 operation operation NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl 14:obl:after _
22 applied apply VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 21 acl 21:acl Discourse=elaboration-attribute:96->95:0
23 to to ADP IN _ 27 case 27:case _
24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det 27:det Entity=(136-abstract-giv:act-cf3-4-coref
25 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 27 nummod 27:nummod _
26 initial initial ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod 27:amod _
27 geometries geometry NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obl 22:obl:to Entity=136)135)138)137)
28 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 29 punct 29:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:97->94:1|SpaceAfter=No
29 Figure Figure PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 dep 3:dep Entity=(141-abstract-new-cf8-1-coref
30 2 2 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 29 dep 29:dep Entity=141)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<ref></ref>
31 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 29 punct 29:punct SpaceAfter=No
32 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct 3:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Figure 2. Original and mutant application. | 1 Figure Figure PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=organization-heading:98->99:0|Entity=(141-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1-coref|XML=<hi rend:::"bold">
2 2 2 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 1 dep 1:dep Entity=141)|SpaceAfter=No
3 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct 1:punct XML=</hi>
4 Original original ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 1 appos 1:appos Discourse=context-background:99->94:2|Entity=(142-abstract-new-cf3-1-sgl)
5 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc 7:cc _
6 mutant mutant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod 7:amod Entity=(143-abstract-new-cf2-2-sgl
7 application application NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj 1:appos|4:conj:and Entity=143)|SpaceAfter=No
8 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct 1:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | 3. Conclusions | 1 3. 3. X LS _ 2 dep 2:dep Discourse=organization-heading:100->104:4
2 Conclusions conclusion NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root 0:root Entity=(144-abstract-new-cf1-1-sgl)
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | In existing proposals, we can find both generic and specific mutation operators. | 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=adversative-antithesis:101->102:1
2 existing exist VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 3 amod 3:amod Entity=(145-abstract-new-cf4-2-sgl
3 proposals proposal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl 7:obl:in Entity=145)|SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
5 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj 7:nsubj Entity=(146-person-new-cf2-1-ana)
6 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 7 aux 7:aux _
7 find find VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root 0:root _
8 both both CCONJ CC _ 9 cc:preconj 9:cc:preconj Entity=(147-abstract-new-cf3-6-coref
9 generic generic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod 13:amod _
10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc 11:cc _
11 specific specific ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 conj 9:conj:and|13:amod _
12 mutation mutation NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 compound 13:compound Entity=(22-abstract-giv:inact-cf1-1-coref)
13 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obj 7:obj Entity=147)|SpaceAfter=No
14 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct 7:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | However, these are not adequate to cover errors in particular domains. | 1 However however ADV RB _ 6 advmod 6:advmod Discourse=explanation-justify:102->104:1|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 these this PRON DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 6 nsubj 6:nsubj Entity=(147-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
4 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop 6:cop _
5 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 6 advmod 6:advmod _
6 adequate adequate ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root 0:root _
7 to to PART TO _ 8 mark 8:mark Discourse=purpose-goal:103->102:0
8 cover cover VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 advcl 6:advcl:to _
9 errors error NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj 8:obj Entity=(148-abstract-new-cf2-1-sgl)
10 in in ADP IN _ 12 case 12:case _
11 particular particular ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod 12:amod Entity=(149-abstract-new-cf3-2-sgl
12 domains domain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl 8:obl:in Entity=149)|SpaceAfter=No
13 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct 6:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | We have defined new operators specific to the GIS domain and a way to apply them to a SUT. | 1 We we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj 3:nsubj Discourse=joint-other_m:104->31:7|Entity=(146-person-giv:inact-cf2-1-ana)
2 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux 3:aux _
3 defined define VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root 0:root Entity=(150-abstract-new-cf7-1-disc
4 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod 5:amod Entity=(151-abstract-new-cf1-2-coref
5 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj 3:obj _
6 specific specific ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod 5:amod _
7 to to ADP IN _ 10 case 10:case _
8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det 10:det Entity=(152-abstract-new-cf4-3-sgl
9 GIS GIS NOUN NN Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing 10 compound 10:compound Entity=(4-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-1-coref-Geographic_information_system)
10 domain domain NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl 6:obl:to Entity=152)151)
11 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc 13:cc _
12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det 13:det Entity=(153-abstract-new-cf5-2-sgl
13 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 conj 3:obj|5:conj:and _
14 to to PART TO _ 15 mark 15:mark Discourse=purpose-attribute:105->104:0
15 apply apply VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 acl 13:acl:to _
16 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obj 15:obj Entity=(151-abstract-giv:act-cf1-1-ana)
17 to to ADP IN _ 19 case 19:case _
18 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det 19:det Entity=(154-abstract-new-cf6-2-sgl
19 SUT SUT NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl 15:obl:to Entity=154)153)150)|SpaceAfter=No
20 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct 3:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | In addition, we have tested the operators defined in two GIS applications. | 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case 2:case Discourse=joint-list_m:106->104:2
2 addition addition NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl 6:obl:in SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
4 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj 6:nsubj Entity=(146-person-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
5 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux 6:aux _
6 tested test VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root 0:root _
7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det 8:det Entity=(151-abstract-giv:act-cf2-2-coref
8 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj 6:obj _
9 defined define VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 8 acl 8:acl Discourse=elaboration-attribute:107->106:0
10 in in ADP IN _ 13 case 13:case _
11 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 13 nummod 13:nummod Entity=(27-abstract-giv:inact-cf4-3-coref
12 GIS GIS NOUN NN Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing 13 compound 13:compound Entity=(4-abstract-giv:act-cf3-1-coref-Geographic_information_system)
13 applications application NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl 9:obl:in Entity=27)151)|SpaceAfter=No
14 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct 6:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | As future work, we intend to extend this approach to other domains, as well as to use the developed operators for the automatic improvement of sets of test cases. | 1 As as ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=joint-other_m:108->104:3
2 future future ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod 3:amod _
3 work work NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl 6:obl:as SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
5 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj 6:nsubj|8:nsubj:xsubj|19:nsubj:xsubj Entity=(146-person-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
6 intend intend VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
7 to to PART TO _ 8 mark 8:mark _
8 extend extend VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 xcomp 6:xcomp _
9 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 10 det 10:det Entity=(150-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-2-coref
10 approach approach NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj 8:obj Entity=150)
11 to to ADP IN _ 13 case 13:case _
12 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod 13:amod Entity=(155-abstract-new-cf5-2-sgl
13 domains domain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl 8:obl:to Entity=155)|SpaceAfter=No
14 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct 19:punct _
15 as as ADV RB _ 19 cc 19:cc Discourse=joint-list_m:109->108:0
16 well well ADV RB Degree=Pos 15 fixed 15:fixed _
17 as as ADP IN _ 15 fixed 15:fixed _
18 to to PART TO _ 19 mark 19:mark _
19 use use VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 conj 6:xcomp|8:conj:as_well_as _
20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det 22:det Entity=(156-abstract-new-cf3-3-sgl
21 developed developed ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod 22:amod _
22 operators operator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obj 19:obj Entity=156)
23 for for ADP IN _ 26 case 26:case _
24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det 26:det Entity=(157-event-new-cf4-3-sgl
25 automatic automatic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod 26:amod _
26 improvement improvement NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl 19:obl:for _
27 of of ADP IN _ 28 case 28:case _
28 sets set NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nmod 26:nmod:of Entity=(158-abstract-new-cf6-1-sgl
29 of of ADP IN _ 31 case 31:case _
30 test test NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 compound 31:compound Entity=(159-abstract-new-cf7-2-sgl
31 cases case NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nmod 28:nmod:of Entity=159)158)157)|SpaceAfter=No
32 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct 6:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Replication in Second Language Research: | 1 Replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=organization-heading:1->73:5|Entity=(1-abstract-new-cf1-1-coref
2 in in ADP IN _ 5 case 5:case _
3 Second second ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumType=Ord 4 amod 4:amod Entity=(2-abstract-new-cf2-3-coref(3-abstract-new-cf3-2-coref-Second_language
4 Language language NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound 5:compound Entity=3)
5 Research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 nmod 1:nmod:in Entity=2)1)|SpaceAfter=No
6 : : PUNCT : _ 1 punct 1:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Narrative and Systematic Reviews and Recommendations for the Field | 1 Narrative narrative ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod 4:amod Discourse=elaboration-additional:2->1:0|Entity=(4-abstract-new-cf2-4-coref
2 and and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc 3:cc _
3 Systematic systematic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 1 conj 1:conj:and|4:amod _
4 Reviews review NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root 0:root Entity=4)
5 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc 6:cc _
6 Recommendations recommendation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 conj 4:conj:and Entity=(5-abstract-new-cf3-4-coref
7 for for ADP IN _ 9 case 9:case _
8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det 9:det Entity=(2-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
9 Field field NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod 4:nmod:for Entity=2)5)
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Replication studies are considered by many to play a fundamental role in any scientific endeavor. | 1 Replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound 2:compound Discourse=context-background:3->73:4|Entity=(6-abstract-new-cf1-2-coref(7-abstract-new-cf5-1-coref)
2 studies study NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj:pass 4:nsubj:pass|8:nsubj:xsubj Entity=6)
3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass 4:aux:pass _
4 considered consider VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root 0:root _
5 by by ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
6 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 obl:agent 4:obl:agent Entity=(8-person-new-cf4-1-sgl)
7 to to PART TO _ 8 mark 8:mark _
8 play play VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 xcomp 4:xcomp _
9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det 11:det Entity=(9-abstract-new-cf2-3-sgl
10 fundamental fundamental ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod 11:amod _
11 role role NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj 8:obj Entity=9)
12 in in ADP IN _ 15 case 15:case _
13 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 15 det 15:det Entity=(10-abstract-new-cf3-3-sgl
14 scientific scientific ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod 15:amod _
15 endeavor endeavor NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl 8:obl:in Entity=10)|SpaceAfter=No
16 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct 4:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | When using the same materials and procedures as a previous study, replication studies serve to test the reliability of the previous study’s findings. | 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 2 advmod 2:advmod Discourse=contingency-condition:4->5:0
2 using use VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 15 advcl 15:advcl:when _
3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det 5:det Entity=(11-abstract-new-cf4-3,5-sgl
4 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod 5:amod _
5 materials material NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj 2:obj _
6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc 7:cc _
7 procedures procedure NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj 2:obj|5:conj:and _
8 as as ADP IN _ 11 case 11:case _
9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det 11:det Entity=(12-abstract-new-cf2-3-coref
10 previous previous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod 11:amod _
11 study study NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod 5:nmod:as Entity=12)11)|SpaceAfter=No
12 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
13 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound 14:compound Discourse=explanation-justify:5->3:0|Entity=(6-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref(7-abstract-giv:act-cf3-1-coref)
14 studies study NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj 15:nsubj|17:nsubj:xsubj Entity=6)
15 serve serve VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
16 to to PART TO _ 17 mark 17:mark _
17 test test VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 xcomp 15:xcomp _
18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det 19:det Entity=(13-abstract-new-cf5-2-sgl
19 reliability reliability NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj 17:obj _
20 of of ADP IN _ 25 case 25:case _
21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det 23:det Entity=(14-abstract-new-cf6-5-coref(12-abstract-giv:act-cf2-3-coref
22 previous previous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod 23:amod _
23-24 study’s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
23 study study NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod:poss 25:nmod:poss _
24 ’s 's PART POS _ 23 case 23:case Entity=12)
25 findings finding NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nmod 19:nmod:of Entity=14)13)|SpaceAfter=No
26 . . PUNCT . _ 15 punct 15:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | When altering specific methodological or participant characteristics of a previous study, they serve to test generalizability of the earlier findings under different conditions. | 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 2 advmod 2:advmod Discourse=contingency-condition:6->7:0
2 altering alter VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 14 advcl 14:advcl:when _
3 specific specific ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod 7:amod Entity=(15-abstract-new-cf6-9-sgl
4 methodological methodological ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod 7:amod _
5 or or CCONJ CC _ 6 cc 6:cc _
6 participant participant NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj 4:conj:or|7:compound Entity=(16-person-new-cf5-1-sgl)
7 characteristics characteristic NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj 2:obj _
8 of of ADP IN _ 11 case 11:case _
9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det 11:det Entity=(12-abstract-giv:act-cf3-3-coref
10 previous previous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod 11:amod _
11 study study NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl 2:obl:of Entity=12)15)|SpaceAfter=No
12 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
13 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj 14:nsubj|16:nsubj:xsubj Discourse=joint-list_m:7->5:1|Entity=(6-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
14 serve serve VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
15 to to PART TO _ 16 mark 16:mark _
16 test test VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 xcomp 14:xcomp _
17 generalizability generalizability NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj 16:obj Entity=(17-abstract-new-cf4-1-sgl
18 of of ADP IN _ 21 case 21:case _
19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det 21:det Entity=(14-abstract-giv:act-cf2-3-coref
20 earlier early ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 21 amod 21:amod _
21 findings finding NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nmod 17:nmod:of Entity=14)
22 under under ADP IN _ 24 case 24:case _
23 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod 24:amod Entity=(18-abstract-new-cf7-2-sgl
24 conditions condition NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nmod 17:nmod:under Entity=18)17)|SpaceAfter=No
25 . . PUNCT . _ 14 punct 14:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | One indication of the importance of replication is found in the 50 or more calls for replication research in the field of second language (L2) research alone (see references for 50 calls and commentaries in Appendix S1 in the Supporting Information online): from Santos (1989) through Polio and Gass 1997 to very recent proposals for specific replication studies, such as Vandergrift and Cross 2017 and even a book-length treatment (Porte, 2012). | 1 One one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 2 nummod 2:nummod Discourse=explanation-evidence:8->3:1|Entity=(19-abstract-new-cf6-2-sgl
2 indication indication NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj:pass 9:nsubj:pass _
3 of of ADP IN _ 5 case 5:case _
4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det 5:det Entity=(20-abstract-new-cf8-2-coref
5 importance importance NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod 2:nmod:of _
6 of of ADP IN _ 7 case 7:case _
7 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod 5:nmod:of Entity=(7-abstract-giv:inact-cf4-1-coref)20)19)
8 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux:pass 9:aux:pass _
9 found find VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root 0:root _
10 in in ADP IN _ 15 case 15:case _
11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det 15:det Entity=(21-abstract-new-cf3-5-coref
12 50 50 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 15 nummod 15:nummod _
13 or or CCONJ CC _ 14 cc 14:cc _
14 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 12 conj 12:conj:or|15:nummod _
15 calls call NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl 9:obl:in _
16 for for ADP IN _ 18 case 18:case _
17 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 compound 18:compound Entity=(22-abstract-new-cf20-2-coref(7-abstract-giv:act-cf4-1-coref)
18 research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nmod 15:nmod:for Entity=22)
19 in in ADP IN _ 21 case 21:case _
20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det 21:det Entity=(2-abstract-giv:inact-cf5-2-coref
21 field field NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nmod 18:nmod:in _
22 of of ADP IN _ 28 case 28:case _
23 second second ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumType=Ord 24 amod 24:amod Entity=(3-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-2-coref-Second_language
24 language language NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 compound 28:compound Entity=3)
25 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 26 punct 26:punct Discourse=restatement-partial:9->8:0|SpaceAfter=No
26 L2 L2 NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 appos 24:appos Entity=(3-abstract-giv:act-cf2-1-appos-Second_language)|SpaceAfter=No
27 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 26 punct 26:punct _
28 research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod 21:nmod:of Discourse=same-unit_m:10->8:1|Entity=2)
29 alone alone ADV RB Degree=Pos 21 advmod 21:advmod Entity=21)
30 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 31 punct 31:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:11->8:2|SpaceAfter=No
31 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 dep 15:dep _
32 references reference NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 obj 31:obj Entity=(23-abstract-new-cf7-1-sgl)
33 for for ADP IN _ 35 case 35:case _
34 50 50 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 35 nummod 35:nummod Entity=(21-abstract-giv:act-cf3-2-coref
35 calls call NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 nmod 32:nmod:for Entity=21)
36 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc 37:cc _
37 commentaries commentary NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 conj 32:nmod:for|35:conj:and Entity=(24-abstract-new-cf21-1-coref)
38 in in ADP IN _ 40 case 40:case _
39 Appendix Appendix PROPN NNP Number=Sing 40 compound 40:compound Entity=(25-abstract-new-cf16-1,2-sgl
40 S1 S1 PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 obl 31:obl:in _
41 in in ADP IN _ 44 case 44:case _
42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det 44:det Entity=(26-abstract-new-cf9-3-sgl
43 Supporting support VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 44 amod 44:amod _
44 Information information NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 nmod 40:nmod:in _
45 online online ADV RB Degree=Pos 44 advmod 44:advmod Entity=26)25)|SpaceAfter=No
46 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 31 punct 31:punct SpaceAfter=No
47 : : PUNCT : _ 49 punct 49:punct _
48 from from ADP IN _ 49 case 49:case Discourse=elaboration-additional:12->8:3
49 Santos Santos PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nmod 15:nmod:from Entity=(27-abstract-new-cf17-1-sgl(28-person-new-cf10-1-sgl)
50 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 51 punct 51:punct SpaceAfter=No
51 1989 1989 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 49 nmod:tmod 49:nmod:tmod Entity=(29-time-new-cf24-1-sgl)27)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"1989"></date>
52 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 51 punct 51:punct _
53 through through ADP IN _ 54 case 54:case _
54 Polio Polio PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nmod 15:nmod:through Entity=(30-abstract-new-cf18-1,3-sgl(31-person-new-cf11-1-sgl-Charlene_Polio)
55 and and CCONJ CC _ 56 cc 56:cc _
56 Gass Gass PROPN NNP Number=Sing 54 conj 15:nmod:through|54:conj:and Entity=(32-person-new-cf12-1-sgl-Susan_Gass)
57 1997 1997 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 54 nmod:tmod 54:nmod:tmod Entity=(33-time-new-cf25-1-sgl)30)|XML=<date when:::"1997"></date>
58 to to ADP IN _ 61 case 61:case _
59 very very ADV RB _ 60 advmod 60:advmod Entity=(34-abstract-new-cf22-3,13,21-sgl
60 recent recent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 61 amod 61:amod _
61 proposals proposal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nmod 15:nmod:to _
62 for for ADP IN _ 65 case 65:case _
63 specific specific ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 65 amod 65:amod Entity=(35-abstract-new-cf23-3-sgl
64 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 compound 65:compound Entity=(7-abstract-giv:act-cf4-1-coref)
65 studies study NOUN NNS Number=Plur 61 nmod 61:nmod:for Entity=35)|SpaceAfter=No
66 , , PUNCT , _ 69 punct 69:punct _
67 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 69 case 69:case _
68 as as ADP IN _ 67 fixed 67:fixed _
69 Vandergrift Vandergrift PROPN NNP Number=Sing 65 nmod 65:nmod:such_as Entity=(36-abstract-new-cf19-1,3-sgl(37-person-new-cf13-1-sgl)
70 and and CCONJ CC _ 71 cc 71:cc _
71 Cross Cross PROPN NNP Number=Sing 69 conj 65:nmod:such_as|69:conj:and Entity=(38-person-new-cf14-1-sgl)
72 2017 2017 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 69 nmod:tmod 69:nmod:tmod Entity=(39-time-new-cf26-1-coref)36)|XML=<date when:::"2017"></date>
73 and and CCONJ CC _ 79 cc 79:cc _
74 even even ADV RB _ 79 advmod 79:advmod _
75 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 79 det 79:det Entity=(40-abstract-new-cf1-5-coref
76 book book NOUN NN Number=Sing 78 compound 78:compound SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
77 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 76 punct 76:punct SpaceAfter=No
78 length length NOUN NN Number=Sing 79 compound 79:compound XML=</w>
79 treatment treatment NOUN NN Number=Sing 61 conj 15:nmod:to|61:conj:and Entity=40)
80 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 81 punct 81:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:13->12:0|SpaceAfter=No
81 Porte Porte PROPN NNP Number=Sing 79 dep 79:dep Entity=(40-abstract-giv:act-cf1-1-coref(41-person-new-cf15-1-coref)|SpaceAfter=No
82 , , PUNCT , _ 83 punct 83:punct _
83 2012 2012 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 81 nmod:tmod 81:nmod:tmod Entity=(42-time-new-cf27-1-coref)40)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2012"></date>
84 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 81 punct 81:punct Entity=34)|SpaceAfter=No
85 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct 9:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Beyond these calls, efforts to actively promote and facilitate replication studies have also emerged. | 1 Beyond beyond ADP IN _ 3 nmod 3:nmod Discourse=joint-list_m:14->8:4
2 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 3 det 3:det Entity=(21-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
3 calls call NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl 15:obl Entity=21)|SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
5 efforts effort NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj 15:nsubj Entity=(43-abstract-new-cf4-1-sgl
6 to to PART TO _ 8 mark 8:mark Discourse=purpose-attribute:15->14:0
7 actively actively ADV RB Degree=Pos 8 advmod 8:advmod _
8 promote promote VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 acl 5:acl:to _
9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc 10:cc _
10 facilitate facilitate VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 conj 5:acl:to|8:conj:and _
11 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound 12:compound Entity=(6-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-2-coref(7-abstract-giv:act-cf2-1-coref)
12 studies study NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj 8:obj|10:obj Entity=6)43)
13 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux 15:aux Discourse=same-unit_m:16->14:1
14 also also ADV RB _ 15 advmod 15:advmod _
15 emerged emerge VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root 0:root SpaceAfter=No
16 . . PUNCT . _ 15 punct 15:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | For example, the Instruments for Research into Second Languages (IRIS) repository (http://www.irisdatabase.org) was established in 2011 and holds, at the time of writing, over 3,800 materials that can be used for replication, among other purposes, in L2 research (Marsden & Mackey, 2014; Marsden, Mackey, & Plonsky, 2016). | 1 For for ADP IN _ 2 case 2:case Discourse=elaboration-additional:17->14:2
2 example example NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl 19:obl:for SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det 14:det Entity=(44-abstract-new-cf4-4,6,7,9,11-coref
5 Instruments Instrument PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 14 compound 14:compound Entity=(45-abstract-new-cf3-1,3,5,6-coref
6 for for ADP IN _ 7 case 7:case _
7 Research Research PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nmod 5:nmod:for _
8 into into ADP IN _ 10 case 10:case _
9 Second Second ADJ NNP Degree=Pos|Number=Sing|NumType=Ord 10 amod 10:amod Entity=(3-abstract-giv:inact-cf6-1,2-coref-Second_language
10 Languages Language PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 7 nmod 7:nmod:into Entity=3)45)
11 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 12 punct 12:punct Discourse=restatement-partial:18->17:0|SpaceAfter=No
12 IRIS Iris PROPN NNP Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing 5 appos 5:appos Entity=(45-abstract-giv:act-cf3-1-appos)|SpaceAfter=No
13 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 12 punct 12:punct _
14 repository repository NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nsubj:pass 19:nsubj:pass|23:nsubj:pass Discourse=same-unit_m:19->17:1|Entity=44)
15 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 16 punct 16:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:20->17:2|SpaceAfter=No
16 http://www.irisdatabase.org http://www.irisdatabase.org PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 appos 14:appos Entity=(44-abstract-giv:act-cf4-1-appos)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<ref target:::"http://www.irisdatabase.org"></ref>
17 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 16 punct 16:punct _
18 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 aux:pass 19:aux:pass Discourse=same-unit_m:21->17:3
19 established establish VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root 0:root _
20 in in ADP IN _ 21 case 21:case _
21 2011 2011 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 19 obl 19:obl:in Entity=(46-time-new-cf14-1-coref)|XML=<date when:::"2011"></date>
22 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc 23:cc Discourse=joint-list_m:22->17:4
23 holds hold VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 conj 19:conj:and SpaceAfter=No
24 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct 27:punct _
25 at at ADP IN _ 27 case 27:case _
26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det 27:det Entity=(47-time-new-cf9-2-coref|XML=<date when:::"2018-03-05">
27 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl 23:obl:at _
28 of of SCONJ IN _ 29 mark 29:mark _
29 writing write VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 27 acl 27:acl:of Entity=47)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=</date>
30 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct 33:punct _
31 over over ADV RB _ 32 advmod 32:advmod _
32 3,800 3800 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 33 nummod 33:nummod Entity=(48-abstract-new-cf8-2-sgl
33 materials material NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obj 23:obj|37:nsubj:pass _
34 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 37 nsubj:pass 33:ref Discourse=elaboration-attribute:23->22:0
35 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 37 aux 37:aux _
36 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 37 aux:pass 37:aux:pass _
37 used use VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 33 acl:relcl 33:acl:relcl _
38 for for ADP IN _ 39 case 39:case _
39 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl 37:obl:for Entity=(7-abstract-giv:act-cf5*-1-coref)|SpaceAfter=No
40 , , PUNCT , _ 43 punct 43:punct _
41 among among ADP IN _ 43 case 43:case _
42 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 43 amod 43:amod Entity=(49-abstract-new-cf13-2-sgl
43 purposes purpose NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 obl 37:obl:among Entity=49)|SpaceAfter=No
44 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct 47:punct _
45 in in ADP IN _ 47 case 47:case _
46 L2 L2 NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 compound 47:compound Entity=(2-abstract-giv:inact-cf7-2-coref(3-abstract-giv:act-cf6-1-coref-Second_language)
47 research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl 37:obl:in Entity=2)48)
48 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 49 punct 49:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:24->17:5|SpaceAfter=No
49 Marsden Marsden PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 dep 19:dep Entity=(50-abstract-new-cf11-1,3-sgl(51-person-new-cf1-1-coref)
50 & & CCONJ CC _ 51 cc 51:cc _
51 Mackey Mackey PROPN NNP Number=Sing 49 conj 19:dep|49:conj:and Entity=(52-person-new-cf2-1-coref-Alison_Mackey)|SpaceAfter=No
52 , , PUNCT , _ 53 punct 53:punct _
53 2014 2014 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 49 nmod:tmod 49:nmod:tmod Entity=(53-time-new-cf15-1-coref)50)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2014"></date>
54 ; ; PUNCT : _ 55 punct 55:punct _
55 Marsden Marsden PROPN NNP Number=Sing 49 conj 19:dep|49:conj Entity=(54-abstract-new-cf12-1,3,6-sgl(51-person-giv:act-cf1-1-coref)|SpaceAfter=No
56 , , PUNCT , _ 57 punct 57:punct _
57 Mackey Mackey PROPN NNP Number=Sing 55 conj 49:conj|55:conj:and Entity=(52-person-giv:act-cf2-1-coref-Alison_Mackey)|SpaceAfter=No
58 , , PUNCT , _ 60 punct 60:punct _
59 & & CCONJ CC _ 60 cc 60:cc _
60 Plonsky Plonsky PROPN NNP Number=Sing 55 conj 49:conj|55:conj:and Entity=(55-person-new-cf10-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
61 , , PUNCT , _ 62 punct 62:punct _
62 2016 2016 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 55 nmod:tmod 55:nmod:tmod Entity=(56-time-new-cf16-1-coref)54)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2016"></date>
63 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 49 punct 49:punct SpaceAfter=No
64 . . PUNCT . _ 19 punct 19:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The Open Science Framework (https://osf.io), also established in 2011, provides a web infrastructure to facilitate collaboration and has been used for large replication efforts in psychology (e.g., Open Science Collaboration, 2015), which continue to make waves in academia (Laws, 2016; Lindsay, 2015; Martin & Clarke, 2017) and the general media (Baker, 2015; Devlin, 2016). | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det 4:det Discourse=joint-list_m:25->17:6|Entity=(57-abstract-new-cf1-2,3,4,6-coref
2 Open Open ADJ NNP Degree=Pos|Number=Sing 3 amod 3:amod _
3 Science Science PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 compound 4:compound _
4 Framework Framework PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 nsubj 14:nsubj|24:nsubj:pass _
5 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 6 punct 6:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:26->25:0|SpaceAfter=No
6 https://osf.io https://osf.io PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 appos 4:appos Entity=(57-abstract-giv:act-cf1-1-appos)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<ref target:::"https://osf.io"></ref>
7 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 6 punct 6:punct SpaceAfter=No
8 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct 10:punct _
9 also also ADV RB _ 10 advmod 10:advmod Discourse=elaboration-attribute:27->25:1
10 established establish VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 4 acl 4:acl _
11 in in ADP IN _ 12 case 12:case _
12 2011 2011 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 10 obl 10:obl:in Entity=(46-time-giv:act-cf2*-1-coref)57)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2011"></date>
13 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct 4:punct _
14 provides provide VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root Discourse=same-unit_m:28->25:2
15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det 17:det Entity=(58-abstract-new-cf26-5-sgl
16 web web NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound 17:compound Entity=(59-abstract-new-cf27-1-sgl)
17 infrastructure infrastructure NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj 14:obj _
18 to to PART TO _ 19 mark 19:mark Discourse=purpose-goal:29->28:0
19 facilitate facilitate VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 advcl 14:advcl:to _
20 collaboration collaboration NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obj 19:obj Entity=(60-event-new-cf7-1-sgl)58)
21 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc 24:cc Discourse=joint-list_m:30->25:3
22 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 aux 24:aux _
23 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 24 aux:pass 24:aux:pass _
24 used use VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 conj 14:conj:and _
25 for for ADP IN _ 28 case 28:case _
26 large large ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod 28:amod Entity=(61-abstract-new-cf23-3,9,10,28,32,34,47-sgl
27 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 compound 28:compound Entity=(7-abstract-giv:act-cf5-1-coref)
28 efforts effort NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obl 24:obl:for|42:nsubj _
29 in in ADP IN _ 30 case 30:case _
30 psychology psychology NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nmod 28:nmod:in Entity=(62-abstract-new-cf24-1-coref)
31 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 36 punct 36:punct Discourse=elaboration-additional:31->30:0|SpaceAfter=No
32 e.g. e.g. ADV FW Abbr=Yes 36 advmod 36:advmod SpaceAfter=No
33 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct 32:punct _
34 Open Open ADJ NNP Degree=Pos|Number=Sing 35 amod 35:amod Entity=(63-abstract-new-cf16-1,2,3-sgl(64-organization-new-cf17-1,2,3-sgl-Center_for_Open_Science
35 Science Science PROPN NNP Number=Sing 36 compound 36:compound _
36 Collaboration Collaboration PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 dep 28:dep Entity=64)|SpaceAfter=No
37 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct 38:punct _
38 2015 2015 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 36 nmod:tmod 36:nmod:tmod Entity=(65-time-new-cf4-1-coref)63)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2015"></date>
39 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 36 punct 36:punct SpaceAfter=No
40 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct 42:punct _
41 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 42 nsubj 28:ref Discourse=elaboration-attribute:32->30:1
42 continue continue VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 acl:relcl 28:acl:relcl _
43 to to PART TO _ 44 mark 44:mark _
44 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 42 xcomp 42:xcomp _
45 waves wave NOUN NNS Number=Plur 44 obj 44:obj Entity=(66-abstract-new-cf8-1-sgl)
46 in in ADP IN _ 47 case 47:case _
47 academia academia NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obl 44:obl:in Entity=(67-abstract-new-cf25-1-sgl)
48 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 49 punct 49:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:33->32:0|SpaceAfter=No
49 Laws Laws PROPN NNP Number=Sing 47 dep 47:dep Entity=(68-abstract-new-cf18-1-sgl(69-person-new-cf10-1-sgl-Keith_Laws)|SpaceAfter=No
50 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct 51:punct _
51 2016 2016 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 49 nmod:tmod 49:nmod:tmod Entity=(56-time-giv:act-cf3-1-coref)68)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2016"></date>
52 ; ; PUNCT : _ 53 punct 53:punct _
53 Lindsay Lindsay PROPN NNP Number=Sing 49 conj 47:dep|49:conj Entity=(70-abstract-new-cf19-1-sgl(71-person-new-cf11-1-sgl-Stephen_Lindsay)|SpaceAfter=No
54 , , PUNCT , _ 55 punct 55:punct _
55 2015 2015 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 53 nmod:tmod 53:nmod:tmod Entity=(65-time-giv:act-cf4-1-coref)70)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2015"></date>
56 ; ; PUNCT : _ 57 punct 57:punct _
57 Martin Martin PROPN NNP Number=Sing 49 conj 47:dep|49:conj Entity=(72-abstract-new-cf20-1,3-sgl(73-person-new-cf12-1-sgl)
58 & & CCONJ CC _ 59 cc 59:cc _
59 Clarke Clarke PROPN NNP Number=Sing 57 conj 49:conj|57:conj:and Entity=(74-person-new-cf13-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
60 , , PUNCT , _ 61 punct 61:punct _
61 2017 2017 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 57 nmod:tmod 57:nmod:tmod Entity=(39-time-giv:inact-cf6-1-coref)72)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2017"></date>
62 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 49 punct 49:punct _
63 and and CCONJ CC _ 66 cc 66:cc Discourse=same-unit_m:34->32:1
64 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 66 det 66:det Entity=(75-abstract-new-cf9-3-sgl
65 general general ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 66 amod 66:amod _
66 media media NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 conj 44:obl:in|47:conj:and Entity=75)
67 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 68 punct 68:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:35->34:0|SpaceAfter=No
68 Baker Baker PROPN NNP Number=Sing 66 dep 66:dep Entity=(76-abstract-new-cf21-1-sgl(77-person-new-cf14-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
69 , , PUNCT , _ 70 punct 70:punct _
70 2015 2015 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 68 nmod:tmod 68:nmod:tmod Entity=(65-time-giv:act-cf4-1-coref)76)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2015"></date>
71 ; ; PUNCT : _ 72 punct 72:punct _
72 Devlin Devlin PROPN NNP Number=Sing 68 conj 66:dep|68:conj Entity=(78-abstract-new-cf22-1-sgl(79-person-new-cf15-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
73 , , PUNCT , _ 74 punct 74:punct _
74 2016 2016 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 72 nmod:tmod 72:nmod:tmod Entity=(56-time-giv:act-cf3-1-coref)78)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2016"></date>
75 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 68 punct 68:punct Entity=61)|SpaceAfter=No
76 . . PUNCT . _ 14 punct 14:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | In some fields, a flourishing metascience, that is, the scientific study of science (see Munafò et al., 2017), has included syntheses assessing the quantity and nature of replication efforts, for example, in education (Makel & Plucker, 2014 and in psychology (Makel et al., 2012). | 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=joint-other_m:36->17:7
2 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 3 det 3:det Entity=(80-abstract-new-cf15-2-sgl
3 fields field NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obl 27:obl:in Entity=80)|SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det 7:det Entity=(81-abstract-new-cf1-3-coref
6 flourishing flourishing ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod 7:amod _
7 metascience metascience NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nsubj 27:nsubj Entity=81)|SpaceAfter=No
8 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct 9:punct _
9 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 14 obl:npmod 14:obl:npmod Discourse=restatement-partial:37->36:0
10 is be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 fixed 9:fixed SpaceAfter=No
11 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct 9:punct _
12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det 14:det Entity=(81-abstract-giv:act-cf1-3-appos
13 scientific scientific ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod 14:amod _
14 study study NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 appos 7:appos _
15 of of ADP IN _ 16 case 16:case _
16 science science NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod 14:nmod:of Entity=(82-abstract-new-cf16-1-coref)81)
17 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 18 punct 18:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:38->36:1|SpaceAfter=No
18 see see VERB VB Person=2|VerbForm=Inf 7 parataxis 7:parataxis _
19 Munafò Munafò PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 obj 18:obj Entity=(83-abstract-new-cf10-1,3-sgl(84-person-new-cf9-1-sgl-Marcus_Munafo)
20 et et X FW _ 21 cc 21:cc _
21 al. al. X FW Abbr=Yes 19 conj 18:obj|19:conj:et Entity=(85-person-new-cf19-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
22 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct 23:punct _
23 2017 2017 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 19 nmod:tmod 19:nmod:tmod Entity=(39-time-giv:act-cf4-1-coref)83)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2017"></date>
24 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 18 punct 18:punct SpaceAfter=No
25 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct 7:punct _
26 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 aux 27:aux Discourse=same-unit_m:39->36:2
27 included include VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root 0:root _
28 syntheses synthesis NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obj 27:obj Entity=(86-abstract-new-cf11-1-sgl
29 assessing assess VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 28 acl 28:acl Discourse=elaboration-attribute:40->39:0
30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det 31:det Entity=(87-abstract-new-cf8-2,4-sgl
31 quantity quantity NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obj 29:obj _
32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc 33:cc _
33 nature nature NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 conj 29:obj|31:conj:and _
34 of of ADP IN _ 36 case 36:case _
35 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 compound 36:compound Entity=(88-abstract-new-cf17-2-sgl(7-abstract-giv:act-cf5-1-coref)
36 efforts effort NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nmod 31:nmod:of Entity=88)87)86)|SpaceAfter=No
37 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct 39:punct _
38 for for ADP IN _ 39 case 39:case _
39 example example NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nmod 42:nmod:for SpaceAfter=No
40 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct 39:punct _
41 in in ADP IN _ 42 case 42:case _
42 education education NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl 29:obl:in Entity=(89-abstract-new-cf18-1-coref)
43 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 44 punct 44:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:41->40:0|SpaceAfter=No
44 Makel Makel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 42 dep 42:dep Entity=(90-abstract-new-cf13-1,3-sgl(91-person-new-cf2-1-coref)
45 & & CCONJ CC _ 46 cc 46:cc _
46 Plucker Plucker PROPN NNP Number=Sing 44 conj 42:dep|44:conj:and Entity=(92-person-new-cf12-1-sgl-Jonathan_A._Plucker)|SpaceAfter=No
47 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct 48:punct _
48 2014 2014 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 44 nmod:tmod 44:nmod:tmod Entity=(53-time-giv:inact-cf6-1-coref)90)|XML=<date when:::"2014"></date>
49 and and CCONJ CC _ 51 cc 51:cc Discourse=same-unit_m:42->40:1
50 in in ADP IN _ 51 case 51:case _
51 psychology psychology NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 conj 29:obl:in|42:conj:and Entity=(62-abstract-giv:act-cf3*-1-coref)
52 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 53 punct 53:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:43->42:0|SpaceAfter=No
53 Makel Makel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 51 dep 51:dep Entity=(93-abstract-new-cf14-1,3-sgl(91-person-giv:act-cf2-1-coref)
54 et et X FW _ 55 cc 55:cc _
55 al. al. X FW Abbr=Yes 53 conj 51:dep|53:conj:et Entity=(94-person-new-cf20-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
56 , , PUNCT , _ 57 punct 57:punct _
57 2012 2012 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 53 nmod:tmod 53:nmod:tmod Entity=(42-time-giv:inact-cf7-1-coref)93)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2012"></date>
58 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 53 punct 53:punct SpaceAfter=No
59 . . PUNCT . _ 27 punct 27:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The driving force behind this battery of calls, commentaries, infrastructure, and metascience is a perceived crisis in the state of replication research. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det Discourse=causal-cause:44->8:5|Entity=(95-abstract-new-cf2-3-coref
2 driving driving ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod 3:amod _
3 force force NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nsubj 19:nsubj _
4 behind behind ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
5 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 6 det 6:det Entity=(96-abstract-new-cf7-2-sgl
6 battery battery NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod 3:nmod:behind _
7 of of ADP IN _ 8 case 8:case _
8 calls call NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nmod 6:nmod:of Entity=(21-abstract-giv:inact-cf4-1-coref)|SpaceAfter=No
9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct 10:punct _
10 commentaries commentary NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 conj 6:nmod:of|8:conj:and Entity=(24-abstract-giv:inact-cf5-1-coref)|SpaceAfter=No
11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct 12:punct _
12 infrastructure infrastructure NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 conj 6:nmod:of|8:conj:and Entity=(97-abstract-new-cf9-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
13 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct 15:punct _
14 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc 15:cc _
15 metascience metascience NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 conj 6:nmod:of|8:conj:and Entity=(81-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1-coref)96)95)
16 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 cop 19:cop _
17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det 19:det Entity=(95-abstract-giv:act-cf2-3-pred
18 perceived perceive VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 19 amod 19:amod _
19 crisis crisis NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root _
20 in in ADP IN _ 22 case 22:case _
21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det 22:det Entity=(98-abstract-new-cf8-2-sgl
22 state state NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nmod 19:nmod:in _
23 of of ADP IN _ 25 case 25:case _
24 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 compound 25:compound Entity=(22-abstract-giv:inact-cf6-2-coref(7-abstract-giv:act-cf3-1-coref)
25 research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod 22:nmod:of Entity=22)98)95)|SpaceAfter=No
26 . . PUNCT . _ 19 punct 19:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The severe concerns underpinning the alleged crisis have several dimensions relating to: (a) the (small) amount of published replication research; (b) the (poor) quality of replication research; and (c) the (lack of) reproducibility, which refers to the extent to which findings can (not) be reproduced in replication attempts that have been undertaken. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:45->44:0|Entity=(99-abstract-new-cf9-3-coref
2 severe severe ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod 3:amod _
3 concerns concern NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj 8:nsubj _
4 underpinning underpin VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 3 acl 3:acl Discourse=elaboration-attribute:46->45:0
5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det 7:det Entity=(95-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-3-coref
6 alleged allege VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 7 amod 7:amod _
7 crisis crisis NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj 4:obj Entity=95)99)
8 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root Discourse=organization-preparation:47->48:1
9 several several ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod 10:amod Entity=(100-abstract-new-cf10-2-sgl
10 dimensions dimension NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj 8:obj _
11 relating relate VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 10 acl 10:acl _
12 to to ADP IN _ 19 case 19:case SpaceAfter=No
13 : : PUNCT : _ 12 punct 12:punct _
14 (a) (a) X LS _ 19 dep 19:dep Discourse=same-unit_m:48->45:1
15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det 19:det Bridge=99<101|Entity=(101-abstract-acc:inf-cf6-5-coref
16 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 17 punct 17:punct SpaceAfter=No
17 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod 19:amod SpaceAfter=No
18 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 17 punct 17:punct _
19 amount amount NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl 11:obl:to _
20 of of ADP IN _ 23 case 23:case _
21 published publish VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 23 amod 23:amod Entity=(22-abstract-giv:act-cf3-3-coref
22 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 compound 23:compound Entity=(7-abstract-giv:act-cf4-1-coref)
23 research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nmod 19:nmod:of Entity=22)101)|SpaceAfter=No
24 ; ; PUNCT : _ 30 punct 30:punct _
25 (b) (b) X LS _ 30 dep 30:dep Discourse=joint-list_m:49->48:0
26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det 30:det Bridge=99<102|Entity=(102-abstract-acc:inf-cf7-5-coref
27 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 28 punct 28:punct SpaceAfter=No
28 poor poor ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod 30:amod SpaceAfter=No
29 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 28 punct 28:punct _
30 quality quality NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 conj 11:obl:to|19:conj:and _
31 of of ADP IN _ 33 case 33:case _
32 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 compound 33:compound Entity=(22-abstract-giv:act-cf3-2-coref(7-abstract-giv:act-cf4-1-coref)
33 research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nmod 30:nmod:of Entity=22)102)|SpaceAfter=No
34 ; ; PUNCT : _ 39 punct 39:punct _
35 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc 39:cc Discourse=joint-list_m:50->48:0
36 (c) (c) X LS _ 39 dep 39:dep _
37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det 39:det Bridge=99<103|Entity=(103-abstract-acc:inf-cf8-3-sgl
38 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 39 punct 39:punct SpaceAfter=No
39 lack lack NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 conj 11:obl:to|19:conj:and|45:nsubj _
40 of of ADP IN _ 42 case 42:case SpaceAfter=No
41 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 40 punct 40:punct _
42 reproducibility reproducibility NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 nmod 39:nmod:of Entity=(104-abstract-acc:com-cf2-4-disc|SpaceAfter=No
43 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct 45:punct _
44 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 45 nsubj 39:ref Discourse=elaboration-attribute:51->50:0
45 refers refer VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 39 acl:relcl 39:acl:relcl _
46 to to ADP IN _ 48 case 48:case _
47 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 48 det 48:det Entity=(104-abstract-giv:act-cf2-2-coref
48 extent extent NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 obl 45:obl:to|57:obl:to _
49 to to ADP IN _ 50 case 50:case _
50 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 57 obl 48:ref _
51 findings finding NOUN NNS Number=Plur 57 nsubj:pass 57:nsubj:pass Entity=(14-abstract-giv:inact-cf5-1-coref)
52 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 57 aux 57:aux _
53 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 54 punct 54:punct SpaceAfter=No
54 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 57 advmod 57:advmod SpaceAfter=No
55 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 54 punct 54:punct _
56 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 57 aux:pass 57:aux:pass _
57 reproduced reproduce VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 48 acl:relcl 48:acl:relcl _
58 in in ADP IN _ 60 case 60:case _
59 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 60 compound 60:compound Entity=(105-event-new-cf11-2-sgl(7-abstract-giv:act-cf4-1-coref)
60 attempts attempt NOUN NNS Number=Plur 57 obl 57:obl:in|64:nsubj:pass _
61 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 64 nsubj:pass 60:ref Discourse=elaboration-attribute:52->51:0
62 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 64 aux 64:aux _
63 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 64 aux:pass 64:aux:pass _
64 undertaken undertake VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 60 acl:relcl 60:acl:relcl Entity=105)104)104)103)100)|SpaceAfter=No
65 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct 8:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | These concerns speak to the very core of science, raising fundamental questions about the validity and reliability of our work. | 1 These this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 2 det 2:det Discourse=evaluation-comment:53->45:2|Entity=(99-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
2 concerns concern NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj 3:nsubj Entity=99)
3 speak speak VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
4 to to ADP IN _ 7 case 7:case _
5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det 7:det Entity=(106-abstract-new-cf5-3-sgl
6 very very ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod 7:amod _
7 core core NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl 3:obl:to _
8 of of ADP IN _ 9 case 9:case _
9 science science NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod 7:nmod:of Entity=(82-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-1-coref)106)|SpaceAfter=No
10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct 11:punct _
11 raising raise VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 3 advcl 3:advcl Discourse=elaboration-additional:54->53:0
12 fundamental fundamental ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod 13:amod Entity=(107-abstract-new-cf4-2-sgl
13 questions question NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obj 11:obj _
14 about about ADP IN _ 16 case 16:case _
15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det 16:det Entity=(108-abstract-new-cf6-2,4-sgl
16 validity validity NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod 13:nmod:about _
17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc 18:cc _
18 reliability reliability NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 conj 13:nmod:about|16:conj:and _
19 of of ADP IN _ 21 case 21:case _
20 our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss 21:nmod:poss Entity=(109-abstract-new-cf7-2-sgl(110-person-acc:com-cf3-1-ana)
21 work work NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod 16:nmod:of Entity=109)108)107)|SpaceAfter=No
22 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct 3:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Indeed, some commentators have called replication the “gold standard” of research evidence (Jasny, Chin, Chong, & Vignieri, 2011, p. 1225) and a “linchpin of the scientific process” (Let’s replicate, 2006, p. 330). | 1 Indeed indeed ADV RB Degree=Pos 6 advmod 6:advmod Discourse=adversative-antithesis:55->44:1|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 4 det 4:det Entity=(111-person-new-cf3-2-sgl
4 commentators commentator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj 6:nsubj Entity=111)
5 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux 6:aux _
6 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root 0:root _
7 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj 6:obj|11:nsubj:xsubj|34:nsubj:xsubj Entity=(7-abstract-giv:inact-cf1-1-coref)
8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det 11:det Entity=(112-abstract-new-cf4-4-sgl
9 “ '' PUNCT `` _ 11 punct 11:punct SpaceAfter=No|XML=<q>
10 gold gold NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 compound 11:compound _
11 standard standard NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 xcomp 6:xcomp SpaceAfter=No
12 ” '' PUNCT '' _ 11 punct 11:punct XML=</q>
13 of of ADP IN _ 15 case 15:case _
14 research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 compound 15:compound Entity=(113-abstract-new-cf12-2-sgl
15 evidence evidence NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod 11:nmod:of Entity=113)112)
16 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 17 punct 17:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:56->55:0|SpaceAfter=No
17 Jasny Jasny PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 dep 11:dep Entity=(114-place-new-cf10-1,3,5,8-sgl(115-abstract-new-cf11-1,3,5,8-sgl(116-person-new-cf6-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct 19:punct _
19 Chin Chin PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 conj 11:dep|17:conj:and Entity=(117-person-new-cf7-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct 21:punct _
21 Chong Chong PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 conj 11:dep|17:conj:and Entity=(118-person-new-cf8-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
22 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct 24:punct _
23 & & CCONJ CC _ 24 cc 24:cc _
24 Vignieri Vignieri PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 conj 11:dep|17:conj:and Entity=(119-person-new-cf9-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
25 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct 26:punct _
26 2011 2011 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 17 nmod:tmod 17:nmod:tmod Entity=(46-time-giv:inact-cf2-1-coref)115)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2011"></date>
27 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct 28:punct _
28 p. P. NOUN NN Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing 17 dep 17:dep _
29 1225 1225 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 28 dep 28:dep Entity=114)|SpaceAfter=No
30 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 17 punct 17:punct _
31 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc 34:cc Discourse=same-unit_m:57->55:1
32 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 34 det 34:det Entity=(120-abstract-new-cf13-3-sgl
33 “ '' PUNCT `` _ 34 punct 34:punct SpaceAfter=No|XML=<q>
34 linchpin linchpin NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 conj 6:xcomp|11:conj:and _
35 of of ADP IN _ 38 case 38:case _
36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det 38:det Entity=(121-abstract-new-cf5-3-sgl
37 scientific scientific ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 amod 38:amod _
38 process process NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nmod 34:nmod:of Entity=121)120)|SpaceAfter=No
39 ” '' PUNCT '' _ 34 punct 34:punct XML=</q>
40 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 41 punct 41:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:58->57:0|SpaceAfter=No
41 Let let VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 34 dep 34:dep Entity=(122-place-new-cf14-1-sgl(123-abstract-new-cf15-1-sgl|SpaceAfter=No
42 ’s we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 41 obj 41:obj|43:nsubj:xsubj _
43 replicate replicate VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 41 xcomp 41:xcomp SpaceAfter=No
44 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct 45:punct _
45 2006 2006 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 41 obl:tmod 41:obl:tmod Entity=(124-time-new-cf16-1-sgl)123)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2006"></date>
46 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct 47:punct _
47 p. P. NOUN NN Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing 41 dep 41:dep _
48 330 330 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 47 dep 47:dep Entity=122)|SpaceAfter=No
49 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 41 punct 41:punct SpaceAfter=No
50 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct 6:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | In the field of L2 research, given the importance of replication and the 50 calls for replication in L2 research that we identified, one might expect a substantial number of published replication studies by now. | 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=adversative-concession:59->67:3
2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det Entity=(2-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-2-coref
3 field field NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl 28:obl:in _
4 of of ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
5 L2 L2 NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound 6:compound Entity=(3-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-1-coref-Second_language)
6 research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod 3:nmod:of Entity=2)|SpaceAfter=No
7 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
8 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 28 advcl 28:advcl Discourse=context-circumstance:60->59:0
9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det 10:det Entity=(20-abstract-giv:inact-cf5-2-coref
10 importance importance NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj 8:obj _
11 of of ADP IN _ 12 case 12:case _
12 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod 10:nmod:of Entity=(7-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1-coref)20)
13 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc 16:cc _
14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det 16:det Entity=(21-abstract-giv:inact-cf6-8-coref
15 50 50 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 16 nummod 16:nummod _
16 calls call NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 conj 8:obj|10:conj:and|24:obj _
17 for for ADP IN _ 18 case 18:case _
18 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod 16:nmod:for Entity=(7-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1-coref)
19 in in ADP IN _ 21 case 21:case _
20 L2 L2 NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 compound 21:compound Entity=(2-abstract-giv:act-cf2-2-coref(3-abstract-giv:act-cf3-1-coref-Second_language)
21 research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod 10:nmod:in Entity=2)
22 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 24 obj 16:ref Discourse=elaboration-attribute:61->60:0
23 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj 24:nsubj Entity=(110-person-giv:inact-cf4-1-ana)
24 identified identify VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 acl:relcl 16:acl:relcl Entity=21)|SpaceAfter=No
25 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct 8:punct _
26 one one PRON PRP Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj 28:nsubj Discourse=same-unit_m:62->59:1|Entity=(125-person-acc:com-cf8-1-sgl)
27 might might AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 28 aux 28:aux _
28 expect expect VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root 0:root _
29 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det 31:det Entity=(126-abstract-new-cf9-3-sgl
30 substantial substantial ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod 31:amod _
31 number number NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj 28:obj _
32 of of ADP IN _ 35 case 35:case _
33 published publish VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 35 amod 35:amod Entity=(127-abstract-new-cf10-3-coref
34 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 compound 35:compound Entity=(7-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-1-coref)
35 studies study NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nmod 31:nmod:of Entity=127)126)
36 by by ADP IN _ 37 case 37:case _
37 now now ADV RB _ 28 obl 28:obl:by Entity=(47-time-giv:inact-cf7-1-coref)|SpaceAfter=No
38 . . PUNCT . _ 28 punct 28:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | However, a perceived lack of prestige, excitement, and originality of replication plagues L2 research (Porte, 2012), as it does other disciplines (Berez-Kroeker et al., 2017; Branco, Cohen, Vossen, Ide, & Calzolari, 2017; Chambers, 2017; Schmidt, 2009), and these perceptions are thought to have caused, at least in part (directly or indirectly), alleged low rates and a poor quality of published replication studies. | 1 However however ADV RB _ 15 advmod 15:advmod Discourse=adversative-antithesis:63->67:2|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det 5:det Entity=(128-abstract-new-cf1-3-coref
4 perceived perceive VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 5 amod 5:amod _
5 lack lack NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj 15:nsubj _
6 of of ADP IN _ 7 case 7:case _
7 prestige prestige NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod 5:nmod:of Entity=(129-abstract-new-cf26-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
8 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct 9:punct _
9 excitement excitement NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj 5:nmod:of|7:conj:and Entity=(130-abstract-new-cf27-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
10 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct 12:punct _
11 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc 12:cc _
12 originality originality NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj 5:nmod:of|7:conj:and Entity=(131-abstract-new-cf28-1-sgl)
13 of of ADP IN _ 14 case 14:case _
14 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod 7:nmod:of Entity=(7-abstract-giv:act-cf3-1-coref)128)
15 plagues plague VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
16 L2 L2 NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound 17:compound Entity=(2-abstract-giv:act-cf2*-2-coref(3-abstract-giv:act-cf6-1-coref-Second_language)
17 research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj 15:obj Entity=2)
18 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 19 punct 19:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:64->63:0|SpaceAfter=No
19 Porte Porte PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 dep 15:dep Entity=(132-abstract-new-cf21-1-sgl(41-person-giv:inact-cf8-1-coref)|SpaceAfter=No
20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct 21:punct _
21 2012 2012 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 19 nmod:tmod 19:nmod:tmod Entity=(42-time-giv:inact-cf10-1-coref)132)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2012"></date>
22 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 19 punct 19:punct SpaceAfter=No
23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct 26:punct _
24 as as SCONJ IN _ 26 mark 26:mark Discourse=explanation-evidence:65->63:1
25 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj 26:nsubj Entity=(128-abstract-giv:act-cf1-1-ana)
26 does do VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 advcl 15:advcl:as _
27 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod 28:amod Entity=(133-abstract-new-cf12-2-sgl
28 disciplines discipline NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obj 26:obj Entity=133)
29 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 30 punct 30:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:66->65:0|SpaceAfter=No
30 Berez Berez PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 dep 28:dep Entity=(134-abstract-new-cf22-1,3,5-sgl(135-person-new-cf13-1,3-sgl-Andrea_L._Berez%2DKroeker|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
31 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 32 punct 32:punct SpaceAfter=No
32 Kroeker Kroeker PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 flat 30:flat Entity=135)|XML=</w>
33 et et X FW _ 34 cc 34:cc _
34 al. al. X FW Abbr=Yes 30 conj 28:dep|30:conj:et Entity=(136-person-new-cf29-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
35 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct 36:punct _
36 2017 2017 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 30 nmod:tmod 30:nmod:tmod Entity=(39-time-giv:inact-cf5-1-coref)134)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2017"></date>
37 ; ; PUNCT : _ 38 punct 38:punct _
38 Branco Branco PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 conj 28:dep|30:conj Entity=(137-abstract-new-cf23-1,3,5,7,10-sgl(138-person-new-cf14-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
39 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct 40:punct _
40 Cohen Cohen PROPN NNP Number=Sing 38 conj 30:conj|38:conj:and Entity=(139-person-new-cf15-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
41 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct 42:punct _
42 Vossen Vossen PROPN NNP Number=Sing 38 conj 30:conj|38:conj:and Entity=(140-person-new-cf16-1-sgl-Piek_Vossen)|SpaceAfter=No
43 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct 44:punct _
44 Ide Ide PROPN NNP Number=Sing 38 conj 30:conj|38:conj:and Entity=(141-person-new-cf17-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
45 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct 47:punct _
46 & & CCONJ CC _ 47 cc 47:cc _
47 Calzolari Calzolari PROPN NNP Number=Sing 38 conj 30:conj|38:conj:and Entity=(142-person-new-cf18-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
48 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct 49:punct _
49 2017 2017 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 38 nmod:tmod 38:nmod:tmod Entity=(39-time-giv:act-cf5-1-coref)137)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2017"></date>
50 ; ; PUNCT : _ 51 punct 51:punct _
51 Chambers Chambers PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 conj 28:dep|30:conj Entity=(143-abstract-new-cf24-1-sgl(144-person-new-cf19-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
52 , , PUNCT , _ 53 punct 53:punct _
53 2017 2017 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 51 nmod:tmod 51:nmod:tmod Entity=(39-time-giv:act-cf5-1-coref)143)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2017"></date>
54 ; ; PUNCT : _ 55 punct 55:punct _
55 Schmidt Schmidt PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 conj 28:dep|30:conj Entity=(145-abstract-new-cf25-1-sgl(146-person-new-cf20-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
56 , , PUNCT , _ 57 punct 57:punct _
57 2009 2009 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 55 nmod:tmod 55:nmod:tmod Entity=(147-person-acc:com-cf11-1-sgl)145)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2009"></date>
58 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 30 punct 30:punct SpaceAfter=No
59 , , PUNCT , _ 64 punct 64:punct _
60 and and CCONJ CC _ 64 cc 64:cc Discourse=context-background:67->73:3
61 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 62 det 62:det Entity=(128-abstract-giv:act-cf1-2-coref
62 perceptions perception NOUN NNS Number=Plur 64 nsubj:pass 64:nsubj:pass|67:nsubj:xsubj Entity=128)
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64 thought think VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 15 conj 15:conj:and _
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66 have have AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 67 aux 67:aux _
67 caused cause VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 64 xcomp 64:xcomp SpaceAfter=No
68 , , PUNCT , _ 72 punct 72:punct _
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71 in in ADP IN _ 72 case 72:case _
72 part part NOUN NN Number=Sing 67 obl 67:obl:in _
73 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 74 punct 74:punct Discourse=elaboration-additional:68->67:0|SpaceAfter=No
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75 or or CCONJ CC _ 76 cc 76:cc _
76 indirectly indirectly ADV RB Degree=Pos 74 conj 67:advmod|74:conj:or SpaceAfter=No
77 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 74 punct 74:punct SpaceAfter=No
78 , , PUNCT , _ 81 punct 81:punct _
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84 poor poor ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 85 amod 85:amod _
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86 of of ADP IN _ 89 case 89:case _
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88 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 89 compound 89:compound Entity=(7-abstract-giv:act-cf3-1-coref)
89 studies study NOUN NNS Number=Plur 85 nmod 85:nmod:of Entity=127)102)|SpaceAfter=No
90 . . PUNCT . _ 15 punct 15:punct _
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English | However, a systematic metascience on replication research has not yet been established in the field of L2 research, leaving a poor understanding of the actual number and nature of replication studies that have been published. | 1 However however ADV RB _ 13 advmod 13:advmod Discourse=adversative-contrast_m:70->67:4|Entity=(148-abstract-new-cf9-13-disc|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det 5:det Entity=(149-abstract-new-cf6-3-sgl
4 systematic systematic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod 5:amod _
5 metascience metascience NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nsubj:pass 13:nsubj:pass _
6 on on ADP IN _ 8 case 8:case _
7 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 compound 8:compound Entity=(22-abstract-giv:inact-cf5-2-coref(7-abstract-giv:act-cf3-1-coref)
8 research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod 5:nmod:on Entity=22)149)
9 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 aux 13:aux _
10 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 13 advmod 13:advmod _
11 yet yet ADV RB _ 13 advmod 13:advmod _
12 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 13 aux:pass 13:aux:pass _
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14 in in ADP IN _ 16 case 16:case _
15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det 16:det Entity=(2-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
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17 of of ADP IN _ 19 case 19:case _
18 L2 L2 NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 compound 19:compound Entity=(3-abstract-giv:act-cf4-1-coref-Second_language)
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20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct 21:punct _
21 leaving leave VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 13 advcl 13:advcl Discourse=causal-result:71->70:0
22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det 24:det Entity=(150-abstract-new-cf7-3-sgl
23 poor poor ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod 24:amod _
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28 number number NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nmod 24:nmod:of _
29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc 30:cc _
30 nature nature NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 conj 24:nmod:of|28:conj:and _
31 of of ADP IN _ 33 case 33:case _
32 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 compound 33:compound Entity=(127-abstract-giv:act-cf2-2-coref(7-abstract-giv:act-cf3-1-coref)
33 studies study NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nmod 28:nmod:of|37:nsubj:pass _
34 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 37 nsubj:pass 33:ref Discourse=elaboration-attribute:72->71:0
35 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 aux 37:aux _
36 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 37 aux:pass 37:aux:pass _
37 published publish VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 33 acl:relcl 33:acl:relcl Entity=127)151)150)|SpaceAfter=No
38 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct 13:punct Entity=148)
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English | The current study begins to address this gap through narrative and systematic reviews. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det Discourse=ROOT:73:0|Entity=(152-abstract-new-cf3-3-sgl
2 current current ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod 3:amod _
3 study study NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj 4:nsubj|6:nsubj:xsubj Entity=152)
4 begins begin VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
5 to to PART TO _ 6 mark 6:mark _
6 address address VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 xcomp 4:xcomp _
7 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 8 det 8:det Entity=(148-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
8 gap gap NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj 6:obj Entity=148)
9 through through ADP IN _ 13 case 13:case _
10 narrative narrative ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod 13:amod Entity=(4-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-4-coref
11 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc 12:cc _
12 systematic systematic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 conj 10:conj:and|13:amod _
13 reviews review NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obl 6:obl:through Entity=4)|SpaceAfter=No
14 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct 4:punct _
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English | The narrative review considers challenges in replication research and is largely informed by commentaries and metascience from psychology, given that the cognitive and social subdomains of psychology are highly influential in L2 research, and also from education, another key sister discipline. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det Bridge=4<153|Discourse=elaboration-additional:74->73:0|Entity=(153-abstract-acc:inf-cf8-3-coref
2 narrative narrative ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod 3:amod _
3 review review NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj 4:nsubj|12:nsubj Entity=153)
4 considers consider VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
5 challenges challenge NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj 4:obj Entity=(154-abstract-new-cf10-1-sgl
6 in in ADP IN _ 8 case 8:case _
7 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 compound 8:compound Entity=(22-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-2-coref(7-abstract-giv:inact-cf6-1-coref)
8 research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod 5:nmod:in Entity=22)154)
9 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc 12:cc Discourse=joint-list_m:75->74:0
10 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux 12:aux _
11 largely largely ADV RB Degree=Pos 12 advmod 12:advmod _
12 informed inform VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 4 conj 4:conj:and _
13 by by ADP IN _ 14 case 14:case _
14 commentaries commentary NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl:agent 12:obl:agent Entity=(155-abstract-new-cf11-1-sgl)
15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc 16:cc _
16 metascience metascience NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 conj 12:obl:agent|14:conj:and Entity=(81-abstract-giv:inact-cf4-1-coref)
17 from from ADP IN _ 18 case 18:case _
18 psychology psychology NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod 14:nmod:from Entity=(62-abstract-giv:inact-cf1-1-coref)|SpaceAfter=No
19 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct 18:punct _
20 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 12 advcl 12:advcl Discourse=context-circumstance:76->75:0
21 that that SCONJ IN _ 31 mark 31:mark _
22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det 26:det Entity=(156-abstract-new-cf9-5-sgl
23 cognitive cognitive ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod 26:amod _
24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc 25:cc _
25 social social ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 conj 23:conj:and|26:amod _
26 subdomains subdomain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nsubj 31:nsubj _
27 of of ADP IN _ 28 case 28:case _
28 psychology psychology NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nmod 26:nmod:of Entity=(62-abstract-giv:act-cf1-1-coref)156)
29 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 cop 31:cop _
30 highly highly ADV RB Degree=Pos 31 advmod 31:advmod _
31 influential influential ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 ccomp 20:ccomp _
32 in in ADP IN _ 34 case 34:case _
33 L2 L2 NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 compound 34:compound Entity=(2-abstract-giv:inact-cf5-2-coref(3-abstract-giv:inact-cf7-1-coref-Second_language)
34 research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl 31:obl:in Entity=2)|SpaceAfter=No
35 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct 20:punct _
36 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc 39:cc Discourse=same-unit_m:77->75:1
37 also also ADV RB _ 39 advmod 39:advmod _
38 from from ADP IN _ 39 case 39:case _
39 education education NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 conj 14:nmod:from|18:conj:and Entity=(89-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-1-coref)|SpaceAfter=No
40 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct 44:punct _
41 another another DET DT PronType=Art 44 det 44:det Entity=(89-abstract-giv:act-cf2-4-appos
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43 sister sister NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 compound 44:compound _
44 discipline discipline NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 appos 39:appos Entity=89)|SpaceAfter=No
45 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct 4:punct _
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English | The narrative review is organized around four broad themes: (a) the quantity of replication research, (b) the nature of replication research, (c) the relationship between initial and replication studies, and (d) the interpretation and extent of reproducibility of the findings of initial studies. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:78->74:1|Entity=(153-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-3-coref
2 narrative narrative ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod 3:amod _
3 review review NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj:pass 5:nsubj:pass Entity=153)
4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass 5:aux:pass _
5 organized organize VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root 0:root _
6 around around ADP IN _ 9 case 9:case _
7 four four NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 9 nummod 9:nummod Entity=(157-abstract-new-cf11-3-coref
8 broad broad ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod 9:amod _
9 themes theme NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl 5:obl:around Entity=157)|SpaceAfter=No
10 : : PUNCT : _ 13 punct 13:punct _
11 (a) (a) X LS _ 13 dep 13:dep Discourse=elaboration-additional:79->78:0
12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det 13:det Bridge=157<158|Entity=(158-abstract-acc:inf-cf6-2-sgl
13 quantity quantity NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 appos 9:appos _
14 of of ADP IN _ 16 case 16:case _
15 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 compound 16:compound Entity=(22-abstract-giv:act-cf2-2-coref(7-abstract-giv:act-cf3-1-coref)
16 research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod 13:nmod:of Entity=22)158)|SpaceAfter=No
17 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct 20:punct _
18 (b) (b) X LS _ 20 dep 20:dep _
19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det 20:det Bridge=157<159|Entity=(159-abstract-acc:inf-cf7-2-sgl
20 nature nature NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 conj 9:appos|13:conj:and _
21 of of ADP IN _ 23 case 23:case _
22 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 compound 23:compound Entity=(22-abstract-giv:act-cf2-2-coref(7-abstract-giv:act-cf3-1-coref)
23 research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nmod 20:nmod:of Entity=22)159)|SpaceAfter=No
24 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct 27:punct _
25 (c) (c) X LS _ 27 dep 27:dep _
26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det 27:det Bridge=157<160|Entity=(160-abstract-acc:inf-cf8-2-sgl
27 relationship relationship NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 conj 9:appos|13:conj:and _
28 between between ADP IN _ 32 case 32:case _
29 initial initial ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod 32:amod Entity=(161-abstract-new-cf4-4-coref
30 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc 31:cc _
31 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 conj 29:conj:and|32:compound Entity=(6-abstract-giv:inact-cf5-2-coref(7-abstract-giv:act-cf3-1-coref)
32 studies study NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nmod 27:nmod:between Entity=6)161)160)|SpaceAfter=No
33 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct 37:punct _
34 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc 37:cc _
35 (d) (d) X LS _ 37 dep 37:dep _
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37 interpretation interpretation NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 conj 9:appos|13:conj:and _
38 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc 39:cc _
39 extent extent NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 conj 13:conj|37:conj:and _
40 of of ADP IN _ 41 case 41:case _
41 reproducibility reproducibility NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nmod 37:nmod:of Entity=(163-abstract-new-cf12-1-coref
42 of of ADP IN _ 44 case 44:case _
43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det 44:det Entity=(164-abstract-new-cf10-2-coref
44 findings finding NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 nmod 41:nmod:of _
45 of of ADP IN _ 47 case 47:case _
46 initial initial ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 47 amod 47:amod Entity=(161-abstract-giv:act-cf4-2-coref
47 studies study NOUN NNS Number=Plur 44 nmod 44:nmod:of Entity=161)164)163)162)|SpaceAfter=No
48 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct 5:punct _
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English | To gain insight into these issues in the context of L2 research, the systematic review provides a synthesis of L2 studies in journal articles that self-labeled as replications. | 1 To to PART TO _ 2 mark 2:mark Discourse=purpose-goal:80->81:1
2 gain gain VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 advcl 17:advcl:to _
3 insight insight NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj 2:obj Entity=(165-abstract-new-cf6-1-sgl
4 into into ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
5 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 6 det 6:det Entity=(157-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
6 issues issue NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nmod 3:nmod:into Entity=157)165)
7 in in ADP IN _ 9 case 9:case _
8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det 9:det Entity=(166-abstract-new-cf8-2-sgl
9 context context NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl 2:obl:in _
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11 L2 L2 NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound 12:compound Entity=(2-abstract-giv:inact-cf4-2-coref(3-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-1-coref-Second_language)
12 research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod 9:nmod:of Entity=2)166)|SpaceAfter=No
13 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det 16:det Bridge=4<167|Discourse=joint-other_m:81->74:2|Entity=(167-abstract-acc:inf-cf5-3-coref
15 systematic systematic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod 16:amod _
16 review review NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj 17:nsubj Entity=167)
17 provides provide VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
18 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det 19:det Entity=(168-abstract-new-cf7-2-sgl
19 synthesis synthesis NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj 17:obj _
20 of of ADP IN _ 22 case 22:case _
21 L2 L2 NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 compound 22:compound Entity=(169-abstract-new-cf9-2-sgl(3-abstract-giv:act-cf3-1-coref-Second_language)
22 studies study NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nmod 19:nmod:of|29:nsubj _
23 in in ADP IN _ 25 case 25:case _
24 journal journal NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 compound 25:compound Entity=(170-abstract-new-cf10-6-sgl
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27 self self NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 compound 29:compound SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
28 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 27 punct 27:punct SpaceAfter=No
29 labeled label VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 acl:relcl 22:acl:relcl XML=</w>
30 as as ADP IN _ 31 case 31:case _
31 replications replication NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obl 29:obl:as Entity=(7-abstract-giv:act-cf2-1-pred)170)169)168)|SpaceAfter=No
32 . . PUNCT . _ 17 punct 17:punct _
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English | The research questions and methods of the systematic review were largely determined by the narrative review but also emerged through the design and piloting of the coding instrument. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:83->81:2|Entity=(171-abstract-new-cf3-3,5-sgl
2 research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound 3:compound _
3 questions question NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj:pass 12:nsubj:pass|19:nsubj:pass _
4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc 5:cc _
5 methods method NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 conj 3:conj:and|12:nsubj:pass _
6 of of ADP IN _ 9 case 9:case _
7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det 9:det Entity=(167-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-3-coref
8 systematic systematic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod 9:amod _
9 review review NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod 3:nmod:of Entity=167)171)
10 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux:pass 12:aux:pass _
11 largely largely ADV RB Degree=Pos 12 advmod 12:advmod _
12 determined determine VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root 0:root _
13 by by ADP IN _ 16 case 16:case _
14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det 16:det Entity=(153-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-3-coref
15 narrative narrative ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod 16:amod _
16 review review NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl:agent 12:obl:agent Entity=153)
17 but but CCONJ CC _ 19 cc 19:cc Discourse=joint-list_m:84->83:0
18 also also ADV RB _ 19 advmod 19:advmod _
19 emerged emerge VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj 12:conj:but _
20 through through ADP IN _ 22 case 22:case _
21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det 22:det Entity=(172-abstract-new-cf4-2,4-sgl
22 design design NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl 19:obl:through _
23 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc 24:cc _
24 piloting piloting NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 conj 19:obl:through|22:conj:and _
25 of of ADP IN _ 28 case 28:case _
26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det 28:det Entity=(173-abstract-new-cf5-3-sgl
27 coding code VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 28 amod 28:amod _
28 instrument instrument NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod 22:nmod:of Entity=173)172)|SpaceAfter=No
29 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct 12:punct _
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English | Finally, we offer further discussion and 16 recommendations for future replication work that draw on our narrative and systematic reviews and on our experience of carrying out multisite (Morgan-Short et al., 2018) 1 and single site (Faretta-Stutenberg & Morgan-Short, 2011; Marsden, Williams, & Liu, 2013; McManus & Marsden, 2017; Morgan-Short, Heil, Botero-Moriaty, & Ebert, 2012) replications. | 1 Finally finally ADV RB Degree=Pos 4 advmod 4:advmod Discourse=joint-other_m:85->74:2|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj 4:nsubj Entity=(110-person-giv:inact-cf1-1-ana)
4 offer offer VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
5 further further ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 6 amod 6:amod Entity=(174-abstract-new-cf9-2-sgl
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7 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc 9:cc _
8 16 16 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 9 nummod 9:nummod Entity=(5-abstract-giv:inact-cf4-2,26,39,41,43,47,49,52,56,58,62,64,66,68,70,73-coref
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10 for for ADP IN _ 13 case 13:case _
11 future future ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod 13:amod Entity=(175-abstract-new-cf24-3-coref
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23 on on ADP IN _ 25 case 25:case _
24 our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss 25:nmod:poss Entity=(176-abstract-new-cf25-2-sgl(110-person-giv:act-cf1-1-ana)
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27 carrying carry VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 25 acl 25:acl:of _
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30 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 31 punct 31:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:88->87:0|SpaceAfter=No
31 Morgan Morgan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 dep 29:dep Entity=(178-abstract-new-cf19-1,3,5-sgl(179-person-new-cf2-1,3-coref|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
32 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 33 punct 33:punct SpaceAfter=No
33 Short Short PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 flat 31:flat Entity=179)|XML=</w>
34 et et X FW _ 35 cc 35:cc _
35 al. al. X FW Abbr=Yes 31 conj 29:dep|31:conj:et Entity=(180-person-new-cf26-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
36 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct 37:punct _
37 2018 2018 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 31 nmod:tmod 31:nmod:tmod Entity=(181-time-new-cf27-1-sgl)178)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2018"></date>
38 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 31 punct 31:punct _
39 1 1 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 31 dep 31:dep _
40 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc 42:cc Discourse=same-unit_m:89->87:1
41 single single ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 42 amod 42:amod Entity=(182-abstract-new-cf11-6,8,10,14,16,19,23,25,29,31,33,35,37,40,44-sgl
42 site site NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 conj 29:conj:and|84:compound _
43 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 44 punct 44:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:90->89:0|SpaceAfter=No
44 Faretta Faretta PROPN NNP Number=Sing 42 dep 42:dep Entity=(183-abstract-new-cf20-1,3,5,7-sgl(184-person-new-cf12-1,3-sgl|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
45 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 46 punct 46:punct SpaceAfter=No
46 Stutenberg Stutenberg PROPN NNP Number=Sing 44 flat 44:flat Entity=184)|XML=</w>
47 & & CCONJ CC _ 48 cc 48:cc _
48 Morgan Morgan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 44 conj 42:dep|44:conj:and Entity=(179-person-giv:act-cf2-1,3-coref|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
49 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 50 punct 50:punct SpaceAfter=No
50 Short Short PROPN NNP Number=Sing 48 flat 48:flat Entity=179)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=</w>
51 , , PUNCT , _ 52 punct 52:punct _
52 2011 2011 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 44 nmod:tmod 44:nmod:tmod Entity=(46-time-new-cf28-1-coref)183)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2011"></date>
53 ; ; PUNCT : _ 54 punct 54:punct _
54 Marsden Marsden PROPN NNP Number=Sing 44 conj 42:dep|44:conj Entity=(185-abstract-new-cf21-1,3,6-sgl(51-person-giv:inact-cf3-1-coref)|SpaceAfter=No
55 , , PUNCT , _ 56 punct 56:punct _
56 Williams Williams PROPN NNP Number=Sing 54 conj 44:conj|54:conj:and Entity=(186-person-new-cf13-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
57 , , PUNCT , _ 59 punct 59:punct _
58 & & CCONJ CC _ 59 cc 59:cc _
59 Liu Liu PROPN NNP Number=Sing 54 conj 44:conj|54:conj:and Entity=(187-person-new-cf14-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
60 , , PUNCT , _ 61 punct 61:punct _
61 2013 2013 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 54 nmod:tmod 54:nmod:tmod Entity=(188-time-new-cf29-1-sgl)185)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2013"></date>
62 ; ; PUNCT : _ 63 punct 63:punct _
63 McManus McManus PROPN NNP Number=Sing 44 conj 42:dep|44:conj Entity=(189-abstract-new-cf22-1,3-sgl(190-person-new-cf15-1-sgl)
64 & & CCONJ CC _ 65 cc 65:cc _
65 Marsden Marsden PROPN NNP Number=Sing 63 conj 44:conj|63:conj:and Entity=(51-person-giv:act-cf3-1-coref)|SpaceAfter=No
66 , , PUNCT , _ 67 punct 67:punct _
67 2017 2017 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 63 nmod:tmod 63:nmod:tmod Entity=(39-time-giv:inact-cf6-1-coref)189)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2017"></date>
68 ; ; PUNCT : _ 69 punct 69:punct _
69 Morgan Morgan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 44 conj 42:dep|44:conj Entity=(191-abstract-new-cf23-1,3,5,7,9,12-sgl(179-person-giv:act-cf2-1,3-coref|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
70 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 71 punct 71:punct SpaceAfter=No
71 Short Short PROPN NNP Number=Sing 69 flat 69:flat Entity=179)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=</w>
72 , , PUNCT , _ 73 punct 73:punct _
73 Heil Heil PROPN NNP Number=Sing 69 conj 44:conj|69:conj:and Entity=(192-person-new-cf16-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
74 , , PUNCT , _ 75 punct 75:punct _
75 Botero Botero PROPN NNP Number=Sing 69 conj 44:conj|69:conj:and Entity=(193-person-new-cf17-1,3-sgl|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
76 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 77 punct 77:punct SpaceAfter=No
77 Moriaty Moriaty PROPN NNP Number=Sing 75 flat 75:flat Entity=193)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=</w>
78 , , PUNCT , _ 80 punct 80:punct _
79 & & CCONJ CC _ 80 cc 80:cc _
80 Ebert Ebert PROPN NNP Number=Sing 69 conj 44:conj|69:conj:and Entity=(194-person-new-cf18-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
81 , , PUNCT , _ 82 punct 82:punct _
82 2012 2012 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 69 nmod:tmod 69:nmod:tmod Entity=(42-time-giv:inact-cf7-1-coref)191)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<date when:::"2012"></date>
83 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 44 punct 44:punct _
84 replications replication NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obj 27:obj Discourse=same-unit_m:91->87:1|Entity=182)177)5)|SpaceAfter=No
85 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct 4:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | We start from the widely agreed premise that testing the reproducibility of findings should have an essential role in the testing and refinement of theory, at least for hypothesis-testing epistemologies that seek to ascertain generalizability and for other epistemologies in which constructs are deemed to be definable and observable. | 1 We we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj 2:nsubj Discourse=elaboration-additional:92->73:1|Entity=(110-person-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
2 start start VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
3 from from ADP IN _ 7 case 7:case _
4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det 7:det Entity=(195-abstract-new-cf7-4-sgl
5 widely widely ADV RB Degree=Pos 6 advmod 6:advmod _
6 agreed agree VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 7 amod 7:amod _
7 premise premise NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl 2:obl:from _
8 that that SCONJ IN _ 15 mark 15:mark Discourse=elaboration-attribute:93->92:0
9 testing test VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 15 csubj 15:csubj _
10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det 11:det Entity=(163-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-2-coref
11 reproducibility reproducibility NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj 9:obj _
12 of of ADP IN _ 13 case 13:case _
13 findings finding NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nmod 11:nmod:of Entity=(164-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-1-coref)163)
14 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 15 aux 15:aux _
15 have have VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 acl 7:acl:that _
16 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det 18:det Entity=(196-abstract-new-cf5-3-sgl
17 essential essential ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod 18:amod _
18 role role NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj 15:obj _
19 in in ADP IN _ 21 case 21:case _
20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det 21:det Entity=(197-abstract-new-cf8-2,4-sgl
21 testing testing NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nmod 18:nmod:in _
22 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc 23:cc _
23 refinement refinement NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 conj 18:nmod:in|21:conj:and _
24 of of ADP IN _ 25 case 25:case _
25 theory theory NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod 21:nmod:of Entity=(198-abstract-new-cf9-1-sgl)197)196)|SpaceAfter=No
26 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct 27:punct _
27 at at ADV IN _ 33 advmod 33:advmod _
28 least least ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 27 fixed 27:fixed _
29 for for ADP IN _ 33 case 33:case _
30 hypothesis hypothesis NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 compound 32:compound Entity=(199-abstract-new-cf10-4-sgl|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
31 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 30 punct 30:punct SpaceAfter=No
32 testing testing NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 compound 33:compound XML=</w>
33 epistemologies epistemology NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nmod 11:nmod:for|35:nsubj _
34 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 35 nsubj 33:ref Discourse=elaboration-attribute:94->93:0
35 seek seek VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 acl:relcl 33:acl:relcl _
36 to to PART TO _ 37 mark 37:mark _
37 ascertain ascertain VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 35 xcomp 35:xcomp _
38 generalizability generalizability NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obj 37:obj Entity=(200-abstract-new-cf6-1-sgl)199)
39 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc 42:cc Discourse=same-unit_m:95->93:1
40 for for ADP IN _ 42 case 42:case _
41 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 42 amod 42:amod Entity=(201-abstract-new-cf11-2-sgl
42 epistemologies epistemology NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 conj 11:nmod:for|33:conj:and|47:obl:in _
43 in in ADP IN _ 44 case 44:case Discourse=elaboration-attribute:96->95:0
44 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 47 obl 42:ref _
45 constructs construct NOUN NNS Number=Plur 47 nsubj:pass 47:nsubj:pass|50:nsubj:xsubj|52:nsubj:xsubj Entity=(202-abstract-new-cf4-1-sgl)
46 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 47 aux:pass 47:aux:pass _
47 deemed deem VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 42 acl:relcl 42:acl:relcl _
48 to to PART TO _ 50 mark 50:mark _
49 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 50 cop 50:cop _
50 definable definable ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 47 xcomp 47:xcomp _
51 and and CCONJ CC _ 52 cc 52:cc _
52 observable observable ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 50 conj 47:xcomp|50:conj:and Entity=201)195)|SpaceAfter=No
53 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct 2:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Thus, our overall aim is to provide conceptual clarification and an empirical base for future discussion and production of replication studies, with a view to improving the amount and quality of L2 replication research. | 1 Thus thus ADV RB _ 8 advmod 8:advmod Discourse=purpose-goal:97->73:2|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss 5:nmod:poss Entity=(203-abstract-new-cf5-3-sgl(110-person-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
4 overall overall ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod 5:amod _
5 aim aim NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj:outer 8:nsubj:outer Entity=203)
6 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop 8:cop _
7 to to PART TO _ 8 mark 8:mark _
8 provide provide VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root 0:root _
9 conceptual conceptual ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod 10:amod Entity=(204-abstract-new-cf7-2-sgl
10 clarification clarification NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj 8:obj Entity=204)
11 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc 14:cc _
12 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det 14:det Entity=(205-abstract-new-cf8-3-sgl
13 empirical empirical ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod 14:amod _
14 base base NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 conj 8:obj|10:conj:and Entity=205)
15 for for ADP IN _ 17 case 17:case _
16 future future ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod 17:amod Entity=(206-abstract-new-cf9-2-sgl
17 discussion discussion NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl 8:obl:for Entity=206)
18 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc 19:cc _
19 production production NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj 8:obl:for|17:conj:and Entity=(207-event-new-cf10-4-sgl
20 of of ADP IN _ 22 case 22:case _
21 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 compound 22:compound Entity=(175-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-2-coref(7-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-1-coref)
22 studies study NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nmod 17:nmod:of Entity=175)207)|SpaceAfter=No
23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct 26:punct _
24 with with ADP IN _ 26 case 26:case _
25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det 26:det Entity=(208-abstract-new-cf11-2-sgl
26 view view NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl 8:obl:with _
27 to to SCONJ IN _ 28 mark 28:mark Discourse=elaboration-attribute:98->97:0
28 improving improve VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 26 acl 26:acl:to _
29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det 30:det Entity=(209-abstract-new-cf6-2,4-sgl
30 amount amount NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj 28:obj _
31 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc 32:cc _
32 quality quality NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 conj 28:obj|30:conj:and _
33 of of ADP IN _ 36 case 36:case _
34 L2 L2 NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 compound 36:compound Entity=(1-abstract-giv:inact-cf4-3-coref
35 replication replication NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 compound 36:compound Entity=(7-abstract-giv:act-cf2-1-coref)
36 research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nmod 30:nmod:of Entity=1)209)208)|SpaceAfter=No
37 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct 8:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | 1. Introduction | 1 1. 1. X LS _ 2 dep 2:dep Discourse=organization-heading:1->43:6
2 Introduction introduction NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Entity=(1-abstract-new-cf1-1-sgl)
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Salinity is one of the most important marine parameters, which controls many processes such as physical circulations, biogeochemistry dynamics from regional to global ocean [1,2]. | 1 Salinity salinity NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj 3:nsubj Discourse=context-background:2->43:5|Entity=(2-abstract-new-cf1-1-coref)
2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop 3:cop _
3 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 0 root 0:root|12:nsubj Entity=(2-abstract-giv:act-cf1-1-coref
4 of of ADP IN _ 9 case 9:case _
5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det 9:det Entity=(3-abstract-new-cf3-5-sgl
6 most most ADV RBS Degree=Sup 7 advmod 7:advmod _
7 important important ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod 9:amod _
8 marine marine ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod 9:amod _
9 parameters parameter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nmod 3:nmod:of Entity=3)|SpaceAfter=No
10 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct 12:punct _
11 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 12 nsubj 3:ref Discourse=elaboration-attribute:3->2:0
12 controls control VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 acl:relcl 3:acl:relcl _
13 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod 14:amod Entity=(4-abstract-new-cf2-2-sgl
14 processes process NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obj 12:obj _
15 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 case 18:case _
16 as as ADP IN _ 15 fixed 15:fixed _
17 physical physical ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod 18:amod Entity=(5-abstract-new-cf4-2-sgl
18 circulations circulation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nmod 14:nmod:such_as Entity=5)|SpaceAfter=No
19 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct 21:punct _
20 biogeochemistry biogeochemistry NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 compound 21:compound Entity=(6-abstract-new-cf5-2-sgl(7-abstract-new-cf9-1-sgl)
21 dynamics dynamic NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 conj 14:nmod:such_as|18:conj Entity=6)4)
22 from from ADP IN _ 26 case 26:case _
23 regional regional ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod 26:amod Entity=(8-place-new-cf6-4-sgl
24 to to ADP IN _ 25 case 25:case _
25 global global ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 obl 23:obl:to _
26 ocean ocean NOUN NN Number=Sing|Typo=Yes 12 obl 12:obl:from CorrectForm=oceans|Entity=8)2)|XML=<sic ana:::"oceans"></sic>
27 [ [ PUNCT -LRB- _ 28 punct 28:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:4->2:1|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
28 1 1 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 3 dep 3:dep Entity=(9-abstract-new-cf7-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<ref></ref>
29 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct 30:punct SpaceAfter=No
30 2 2 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 28 conj 3:dep|28:conj Entity=(10-abstract-new-cf8-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<ref></ref>
31 ] ] PUNCT -RRB- _ 28 punct 28:punct SpaceAfter=No|XML=</w>
32 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct 3:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Although drifters and buoys, together with cruises, have accumulated large amount in-situ water salinity data in different regions, it is still difficult to monitor global ocean salinity with high temporal-spatial resolution by the in situ measurements. | 1 Although although SCONJ IN _ 11 mark 11:mark Discourse=adversative-concession:5->6:0
2 drifters drifter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nsubj 11:nsubj Entity=(11-object-new-cf2-1-sgl)
3 and and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc 4:cc _
4 buoys buoy NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj 2:conj:and|11:nsubj Entity=(12-object-new-cf6-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
5 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct 6:punct _
6 together together ADV RB Degree=Pos 2 advmod 2:advmod _
7 with with ADP IN _ 8 case 8:case _
8 cruises cruise NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obl 6:obl:with Entity=(13-event-new-cf7-1-sgl)|SpaceAfter=No
9 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
10 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux 11:aux _
11 accumulated accumulate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 27 advcl 27:advcl:although _
12 large large ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod 13:amod Entity=(14-abstract-new-cf3-2-sgl
13 amount amount NOUN NN Number=Sing|Typo=Yes 11 obj 11:obj CorrectForm=amounts|XML=<sic ana:::"amounts"></sic>
14 in in X FW _ 19 amod 19:amod Entity=(15-abstract-new-cf8-6-sgl|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
15 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 16 punct 16:punct SpaceAfter=No
16 situ situ X FW _ 14 flat 14:flat XML=</w>
17 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 compound 18:compound Entity=(16-abstract-new-cf11-2-sgl(17-substance-new-cf12-1-sgl)
18 salinity salinity NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 compound 19:compound Entity=16)
19 data datum NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nmod 13:nmod Entity=15)14)
20 in in ADP IN _ 22 case 22:case _
21 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod 22:amod Entity=(18-place-new-cf9-2-sgl
22 regions region NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obl 11:obl:in Entity=18)|SpaceAfter=No
23 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct 11:punct _
24 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 expl 27:expl Discourse=context-background:6->43:4|Entity=(19-abstract-new-cf1-1-cata)
25 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 cop 27:cop _
26 still still ADV RB Degree=Pos 27 advmod 27:advmod _
27 difficult difficult ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root 0:root _
28 to to PART TO _ 29 mark 29:mark Entity=(19-abstract-acc:com-cf1-2-coref
29 monitor monitor VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 csubj 27:csubj _
30 global global ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod 32:amod Entity=(20-abstract-new-cf4-3-coref
31 ocean ocean NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 compound 32:compound Entity=(21-place-new-cf13-1-coref)
32 salinity salinity NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obj 29:obj Entity=20)
33 with with ADP IN _ 38 case 38:case _
34 high high ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 amod 38:amod Entity=(22-abstract-new-cf10-5-sgl
35 temporal temporal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 compound 37:compound SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
36 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 35 punct 35:punct SpaceAfter=No
37 spatial spatial ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 amod 38:amod XML=</w>
38 resolution resolution NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl 29:obl:with Entity=22)
39 by by ADP IN _ 43 case 43:case _
40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det 43:det Entity=(23-abstract-new-cf5-4-sgl
41 in in X FW _ 43 amod 43:amod _
42 situ situ X FW _ 41 flat 41:flat _
43 measurements measurement NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obl 29:obl:by Entity=23)19)|SpaceAfter=No
44 . . PUNCT . _ 27 punct 27:punct _
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |