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[ "Division of Korea (1954–present).", "The Korean Armistice Agreement provided for monitoring by an international commission.", "Since 1953, the Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission (NNSC), composed of members from the Swiss and Swedish Armed Forces, has been stationed near the DMZ.", "In April 1975, South Vietnam's capital was captured by the North Vietnamese army.", "Encouraged by the success of Communist revolution in Indochina, Kim Il-sung saw it as an opportunity to invade the South.", "Kim visited China in April of that year, and met with Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai to ask for military aid.", "Despite Pyongyang's expectations, however, Beijing refused to help North Korea for another war in Korea.", "Since the armistice, there have been numerous incursions and acts of aggression by North Korea.", "In 1976, the axe murder incident was widely publicized.", "Since 1974, four incursion tunnels leading to Seoul have been uncovered.", "In 2010, a North Korean submarine torpedoed and sank the South Korean corvette ROKS \"Cheonan\", resulting in the deaths of 46 sailors.", "Again in 2010, North Korea fired artillery shells on Yeonpyeong island, killing two military personnel and two civilians.", "After a new wave of U.N. sanctions, on 11 March 2013, North Korea claimed that it had invalidated the 1953 armistice.", "On 13 March 2013, North Korea confirmed it ended the 1953 Armistice and declared North Korea \"is not restrained by the North-South declaration on non-aggression.\"", "On 30 March 2013, North Korea stated that it had entered a \"state of war\" with South Korea and declared that \"The long-standing situation of the Korean peninsula being neither at peace nor at war is finally over.\"", "Speaking on 4 April 2013, the United States Secretary of Defense, Chuck Hagel, informed the press that Pyongyang had \"formally informed\" the Pentagon that it had \"ratified\" the potential usage of a nuclear weapon against South Korea, Japan and the United States of America, including Guam and Hawaii.", "Hagel also stated that the US would deploy the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense anti-ballistic missile system to Guam, due to a credible and realistic nuclear threat from North Korea." ]

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[ "Like the majority of the videos from the album \"American Idiot\", it was directed by Samuel Bayer.", "The video features Green Day's support guitarist, Jason White.", "This is the second time Jason White has appeared in a Green Day video, first appearing in \"When I Come Around\", ten years earlier but not as a band member.", "The video focuses on a very loving couple (played by Jamie Bell and Evan Rachel Wood).", "The boyfriend promises never to leave his girlfriend but they later argue when the boyfriend enlists in the United States Marine Corps.", "The boyfriend interprets his actions as a way to show her that he loves her so much that he would put his life on the line to keep her safe; the girlfriend, however, is heartbroken, as he broke his vow to never leave her, and terrified at the thought that he might die in battle.", "The video then shows the boyfriend in battle in Iraq being ambushed by insurgents.", "This scene is intercut with scenes of the girlfriend tearfully mourning in a quiet field.", "The video ends on this juxtaposition, emphasizing the pain and heartache of losing loved ones due to the war.", "This video adds to the \"American Idiot\" anti-war sentiment of the Iraq War.", "The song eventually became a tribute song to the victims of Hurricane Katrina, and sound bites were added from various news coverages to the song.", "A live version of the song, recorded on September 3, 2005, at Gillette Stadium in Foxborough, Massachusetts was released soon after and dedicated to the hurricane's victims.", "The song was performed live with U2 guitarist The Edge in the pregame show of the Monday Night Football game between the New Orleans Saints and the Atlanta Falcons; it was the first game played in the Superdome in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina." ]

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[ "The survival of a living organism depends on the continuous input of energy.", "Chemical reactions that are responsible for its structure and function are tuned to extract energy from substances that act as its food and transform them to help form new cells and sustain them.", "In this process, molecules of chemical substances that constitute food play two roles; first, they contain energy that can be transformed for biological chemical reactions; second, they develop new molecular structures made up of biomolecules.", "The organisms responsible for the introduction of energy into an ecosystem are known as producers or autotrophs.", "Nearly all of these organisms originally draw energy from the sun.", "Plants and other phototrophs use solar energy via a process known as photosynthesis to convert raw materials into organic molecules, such as ATP, whose bonds can be broken to release energy.", "A few ecosystems, however, depend entirely on energy extracted by chemotrophs from methane, sulfides, or other non-luminal energy sources.", "Some of the captured energy is used to produce biomass to sustain life and provide energy for growth and development.", "The majority of the rest of this energy is lost as heat and waste molecules.", "The most important processes for converting the energy trapped in chemical substances into energy useful to sustain life are metabolism and cellular respiration." ]

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[ "\"Can't Smile Without You\" is a song written by Christian Arnold, David Martin, and Geoff Morrow, best known in its rendition by Barry Manilow.", "\"Can't Smile Without You\" was the first single to be released from Manilow's album \"Even Now\".", "The song was released as a single in 1978 where it reached the number one spot on Billboard's AC chart, and the number three spot on the Billboard Hot 100.", "Previously, the song was recorded by The Carpenters on their album \"A Kind of Hush\" in 1976, and was featured as the B-side of their hit \"Calling Occupants of Interplanetary Craft\" the following year.", "Manilow's version had slightly different lyrics from the Carpenters, such as the Carpenters's line \"I can't laugh and I can't walk / I'm finding it hard even to talk,\" was changed in Manilow's version to \"I can't laugh and I can't sing / I'm finding it hard to do anything\" (the latter is likely the original lyric, changed by the Carpenters because the lyric \"I can't sing\" when being sung makes no sense).", "The Carpenters remixed the song for the B-side of \"Calling Occupants\" in September 1977, again revising the lyric to read \"I can't laugh and I can't sleep / I don't even talk to people I meet\".", "Additional orchestration was also included in the remix.", "A version on Manilow's greatest hits box set, \"The Complete Collection and Then Some...\" combines the first half of Take 1 with the double-tracked second half of his released version.", "Engelbert Humperdinck released the song, using the same lyrics as the original Carpenters version, on his After the Lovin' album, 1976.", "On behalf of the songwriters, publishing company Dick James Music sued George Michael for plagiarism in the mid-'80s, claiming that the 1984 Wham!", "single \"Last Christmas\" lifted its melody from \"Can't Smile Without You.\"", "The case was settled out of court.", "In 2010 George Michael was publicly cleared of all charges.", "Jerry Lewis often sings the song on his annual Muscular Dystrophy Association telethon, with altered lyrics that speak of the need for the viewers to call in their pledge.", "The song has appeared in such films as \"Four Weddings and a Funeral\", ', \"Unconditional Love\", \"Starsky & Hutch\", ' and \"Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas\".", "In 2008, there was an attempt by Tottenham Hotspur F.C.", "supporters following their League Cup win to get the song to Number One, as they see this song as being a part of the club, with the words \"Can't Smile Without You\" being seen on many flags, banners, and websites as a slogan to the club.", "In 2010, GP Maxine Brooks released the song as a charity single for Nurse's Aid, supporting wounded soldiers and in memory of a WWI heroine." ]

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[ "Let It Be is the twelfth and final studio album released by the English rock band the Beatles.", "It was released on 8 May 1970 by the band's Apple Records label shortly after the group announced their break-up.", "Most of \"Let It Be\" was recorded in January 1969, before the recording and release of the album \"Abbey Road\".", "For this reason, some critics and fans, such as Mark Lewisohn, argue that \"Abbey Road\" should be considered the group's final album and \"Let It Be\" the penultimate.", "\"Let It Be\" was originally intended to be released before \"Abbey Road\" during mid-1969 as Get Back, but the Beatles were unhappy with this version, which was mixed and compiled by Glyn Johns, and it was temporarily shelved.", "A new version of the album was created by Phil Spector in 1970 and finally released as \"Let It Be\", serving as the album for the 1970 motion picture of the same name.", "While three songs from the sessions were released as singles before the album's release, \"Get Back\"/\"Don't Let Me Down\" and \"Let It Be\", the songs were remixed by Spector for the album and \"Don't Let Me Down\" was not included.", "Despite a mixed review from \"Rolling Stone\" magazine at the time of its release, the album was ranked number 86 in the magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time in 2003.", "This was, however, adjusted to #392 in the 2012 version.", "\"Let It Be... Naked\" was released in 2003, an alternative version of the album stripping much of Phil Spector's production work and using some different versions of songs." ]

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[ "Perhaps no other painting in Western Art has enjoyed such a varying array of intriguing interpretations.", "Academic theories tend towards two schools: \"the literal\" and \"the literary.\"", "The \"literal\" includes both \"he painted what he saw\" and the \"hallucinatory genius\" arguments (as an individual's hallucinations are indistinguishable from real life) while the \"literary\" suggest that inspiration blossomed from some written source; most often cited for van Gogh's \"Starry Night\" are The Bible, Walt Whitman and Victor Hugo.", "Legendary 20th century art historian Albert Boime is generally credited with the best \"literal\" theory by proving, in conjunction with three Astronomer colleagues at UCLA the position of the stars from van Gogh's window in the asylum at Saint-Rémy-de-Provence at 4 a.m. on June 19, 1889, the day van Gogh wrote his brother that he had completed the painting.", "In a 1985 lecture to the American Astronomical Society, Boime compared the positions of the moon and Venus that night and showed that they corresponded to the positions of the celestial objects in the painting.", "While Boime and his lead astronomer, Charles Whitney agreed the large star above the horizon is the Morning Star, they failed to agree on the arrangement of the other stars.", "Boime claimed they constituted the constellation of Aries, while Whitney argued it was Cygnus.", "Boime further attempted to make the argument that van Gogh had likely seen an image of a spiral galaxy from Camille Flammarion's \"Astronomie populaire\", in an attempt to explain the existence of van Gogh's celestial spiral jetty.", "In his 800-plus existing letters, however, van Gogh makes no mention of ever reading Flammarion.", "As to the leading \"literary\" theories: those about The Bible range from van Gogh painting a passage out of Genesis 37 describing a dream of Joseph to an apocalyptic depiction out of the twelfth book of Revelation to a \"sublimated Christ in the Garden of Gethsemane\"; while those from Whitman attempt to correlate the painting's poetic vision within Song of Myself; and (what has been mistakenly attributed to Hugo's Les Miserables) as an inspired depiction of God as \"a lighthouse in eclipse.", "\"This bevy of interpretations has helped keep van Gogh's \"Starry Night\" firmly within the discussions and lively debates of both public and academic art history." ]

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[ "Until August 9, Japan's war council still insisted on its four conditions for surrender.", "On that day Hirohito ordered Kōichi Kido to \"quickly control the situation ... because the Soviet Union has declared war against us.\"", "He then held an Imperial conference during which he authorized minister Shigenori Tōgō to notify the Allies that Japan would accept their terms on one condition, that the declaration \"does not comprise any demand which prejudices the prerogatives of His Majesty as a Sovereign ruler.", "\"On August 12, the Emperor informed the imperial family of his decision to surrender.", "One of his uncles, Prince Asaka, then asked whether the war would be continued if the \"kokutai\" could not be preserved.", "Hirohito simply replied \"Of course.\"", "As the Allied terms seemed to leave intact the principle of the preservation of the Throne, Hirohito recorded on August 14 his capitulation announcement which was broadcast to the Japanese nation the next day despite a short rebellion by militarists opposed to the surrender.", "In his declaration, Hirohito referred to the atomic bombings:In his \"Rescript to the Soldiers and Sailors\" delivered on August 17, he stressed the impact of the Soviet invasion and his decision to surrender, omitting any mention of the bombs.", "Hirohito met with General MacArthur on September 27, saying to him that \"he peace party did not prevail until the bombing of Hiroshima created a situation which could be dramatized.\"", "Furthermore, the \"Rescript to the Soldiers and Sailors\" speech he told MacArthur about was just personal, not political, and never stated that the Soviet intervention in Manchuria was the main reason for surrender.", "In fact, a day after the bombing of Nagasaki and the Soviet invasion of Manchuria, Hirohito ordered his advisers, primarily Chief Cabinet Secretary Hisatsune Sakomizu, Kawada Mizuho, and Masahiro Yasuoka, to write up a surrender speech.", "In Hirohito's speech, days before announcing it on radio on August 15, he gave three major reasons for surrender: Tokyo's defenses would not be complete before the American invasion of Japan, Ise Shrine would be lost to the Americans, and atomic weapons deployed by the Americans would lead to the death of the entire Japanese race.", "Despite the Soviet intervention, Hirohito did not mention the Soviets as the main factor for surrender." ]

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[ "Rugby union was played at the Olympic Games in 1900, 1908, 1920 and 1924.", "As per Olympic rules, the nations of Scotland, Wales and England were not allowed to play separately as they are not sovereign states.", "In 1900, France won the gold, beating Great Britain 27 points to 8 and defeating Germany 27 points to 17.", "In 1908, Australasia defeated Great Britain, claiming the gold medal, the score being 32 points to three.", "In 1920, the United States, fielding a team with many players new to the sport of rugby, upset France in a shock win, eight points to zero.", "In 1924, the United States again defeated France 17 to 3, becoming the only team to win gold twice in the sport.", "In 2009 the International Olympic Committee voted with a majority of 81 to 8 that rugby union be reinstated as an Olympic sport in at least the 2016 and 2020 games, but in the sevens, 4-day tournament format.", "This is something the rugby world has aspired to for a long time and Bernard Lapasset, president of the International Rugby Board, said the Olympic gold medal would be considered to be \"the pinnacle of our sport\" (Rugby Sevens).", "Rugby sevens has been played at the Commonwealth Games since the 1998 Games in Kuala Lumpur.", "The present gold medal holders are New Zealand who have won the competition on four successive occasions.", "Rugby union has also been an Asian Games event since the 1998 games in Bangkok, Thailand.", "In the 1998 and 2002 editions of the games, both the usual fifteen-a-side variety and rugby sevens were played, but from 2006 onwards, only rugby sevens was retained.", "In 2010, the women's rugby sevens event was introduced.", "The event is likely to remain a permanent fixture of the Asian Games due to elevation of rugby sevens as an Olympic sport from the 2016 Olympics onwards.", "The present gold medal holders in the sevens tournament, held in 2010, are Japan in the male event and Kazakhstan in the women's." ]

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[ "German communists, socialists and trade unionists were among the earliest domestic opponents of Nazism and were also among the first to be sent to concentration camps.", "Hitler claimed that communism was a Jewish ideology which the Nazis termed \"Judeo-Bolshevism\".", "Fear of communist agitation was used as justification for the Enabling Act of 1933, the law which gave Hitler his original dictatorial powers.", "Hermann Göring later testified at the Nuremberg Trials that the Nazis' willingness to repress German communists prompted president Paul von Hindenburg and the German elite to cooperate with the Nazis.", "MI6 assisted the Gestapo via \"the exchange of information about Communism\", and, as late as October 1937, the head of the British agency's Berlin station, Frank Foley, described his relationship with Heinrich Müller's so-called communism expert as \"cordial\".", "Hitler and the Nazis also hated German leftists because of their resistance to the party's racism.", "Many leaders of German leftist groups were Jews, and Jews were especially prominent among the leaders of the Spartacist uprising in 1919.", "Hitler already referred to Marxism and \"Bolshevism\" as a means of \"the international Jew\" to undermine \"racial purity\" and survival of the Nordics or Aryans, as well as to stir up socioeconomic class tension and labor unions against the government or state-owned businesses.", "Within the concentration camps such as Buchenwald, German communists were privileged in comparison to Jews because of their \"racial purity\".", "Whenever the Nazis occupied a new territory, members of communist, socialist, or anarchist groups were normally to be the first persons detained or executed.", "Evidence of this is found in Hitler's infamous Commissar Order, in which he ordered the summary execution of all political commissars captured among Soviet soldiers, as well as the execution of all Communist Party members in German-held territory.", "\"Einsatzgruppen\" carried out these executions in the east.", "Nacht und Nebel (\"Night and Fog\") was a directive () of Hitler on 7 December 1941 signed and implemented by Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces Wilhelm Keitel, resulting in kidnapping and the disappearance of many political activists throughout Nazi Germany's occupied territories." ]

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[ "A point is scored by the player for any of several results of the rally:", " The opponent fails to make a correct service or return.", " After making a service or a return, the ball touches anything other than the net assembly before being A game shall be won by the player first scoring 11 points unless both players score 10 points, when the game shall be won by the first player subsequently gaining a lead of 2 points.", "A match shall consist of the best of any odd number of games.", "In competition play, matches are typically best of five or seven games." ]

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[ "One of the earliest claims comes from Charlie Nagreen, who in 1885 sold a meatball between two slices of bread at the Seymour Fair now called theOutagamie County Fair in some attributions.", "The Seymour Community Historical Society of Seymour, Wisconsin, credits Nagreen, now known as \"Hamburger Charlie\", with the invention of the hamburger.", "Nagreen was fifteen when he reportedly made sandwiches out of pork that he was selling at the 1885 Seymour Fair (now the Outagamie County Fair), so that customers could eat while walking.", "The Historical Society explains that Nagreen named the hamburger after the Hamburg steak with which local German immigrants were familiar." ]

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[ "Precipitation is the formation of a solid in a solution or inside another solid during a chemical reaction.", "It usually takes place when the concentration of dissolved ions exceeds the solubility limit and forms an insoluble salt.", "This process can be assisted by adding a precipitating agent or by removal of the solvent.", "Rapid precipitation results in an amorphous or microcrystalline residue and slow process can yield single crystals.", "The latter can also be obtained by recrystallization from microcrystalline salts." ]

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[ "", "\"The Lion King\" had a limited release in North America on June 15, 1994, playing in only two theaters, El Capitan Theater in Los Angeles and Radio City Music Hall in New York City.", "It still earned $1,586,753 across the weekend of June 17–19, standing at the tenth place of the box office ranking.", "The average of $793,377 per theater stands as the largest ever achieved during a weekend.", "The wide release followed on June 24, 1994, in 2,550 screens.", "The digital surround sound of the film led many of those theater to implement Dolby Laboratories' newest sound systems.", "\"The Lion King\" grossed $40.9 million – which at the time was the fourth biggest opening weekend earning ever and the highest sum for a Disney film – to top the weekend box office.", "It also earned a rare \"A+\" rating from CinemaScore.", "By the end of its theatrical run, in spring 1995, it had earned $312,855,561, being the second-highest-grossing 1994 film in North America behind \"Forrest Gump\".", "Outside North America, it earned $455.8 million during its initial run, for a worldwide total of $768.6 million." ]

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[ "Mexican populist art production from the 1920s to the 1950s is often grouped under the name of “Escuela Mexicana de Pintura (y Escultura) (Mexican School of Painting and Sculpture), coined in the 1930s by art historians and critics.", "The term is not well-defined as it does not distinguish among some important stylistic and thematic difference, there is no firm agreement which artists belong to it nor if muralism should be considered part of it or separate.", "It is not a school in the classic sense of the word as it includes work by more than one generation and with different styles that sometimes clash.", "However, it does involve a number of important characteristics.", "Mexican School mural painting was a combination of public ideals and artistic aesthics “positioned as a constituent of the official public sphere.” Three formal components of official Mexican muralism are defined as:1) Direct participation in official publicity and discourse2) Reciprocal integration of the visual discourse of the mural to an array of communicative practices participant in defining official publicity (including a variety of scriptural genres, but also public speech, debate and provocative public “event”)3) The development and public thematizing of a social-realist aesthetic (albeit multiform in character) as the visual register for the public sense of the mural work and as the doxic, or unquestioned, limits for public dispute over the representational space of the mural imageMost painters in this school worked in Mexico City or other cities in Mexico, working almost uninterrupted on projects and/or as teachers, generally with support of the government.", "Most were concerned with the history and identity of Mexico and politically active.", "Most art from this school was not created for direct sale but rather for diffusion in both Mexico and abroad.", "Most were formally trained, often studying in Europe and/or in the Academy of San Carlos.", "A large quantity of murals were produced in most of the country from the 1920s to 1970, generally with themes related to politics and nationalism focused often on the Mexican Revolution, mestizo identity and Mesoamerican cultural history.", "These served as a form of cohesion among members of the movement.", "The political and nationalistic aspects had little directly to do with the Mexican Revolution, especially in the later decades.", "The goal was more to glorify it and its results as a means to legitimatize the post Revolution government.", "The other political orientation was that of Marxism, especially class struggle.", "This was strongest in the early movement with Rivera, Orozco and Siqueiros all avowed communists.", "The political messages became less radical but they remained firmly to the left.", "Much of the mural production glorified the indigenous aspect of Mexican culture, considering it an important factor in the creation of modern Mexico.", "This was added with the idea of reexamining the country’s history from a different perspective.", "One other aspect that most of the muralists shared was a rejection of the idea that art was only for the elite, but rather as a benefit for the masses.", "The murals took on monumental status because of where they were situated, mostly on the walls of colonial era government buildings and the themes that were painted.", "The mural painters of Mexico freely shared ideas and techniques as they were a closely knit group.", "However, the work of each was distinctive as the government did not set style and artists can generally be deduced without looking at signatures.", "Techniques included the revival of old techniques such as the fresco, painting on freshly plastered walls and encaustic or hot wax painting .", "Others used mosaics and high fire ceramics, as well as metal parts, and layers of cement.", "The most innovative of the artists was Siqueiros who worked with pyroxlene, a commercial enamel and Duco (used to paint cars), resins, asbestos, old machinery and was one of the first to use airbrush for artistic purposes.", "He pored, sprayed, dripped and splattered paint for the effects they created haphazardly." ]

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[ "England's economy is one of the largest in the world, with an average GDP per capita of £22,907.", "Usually regarded as a mixed market economy, it has adopted many free market principles, yet maintains an advanced social welfare infrastructure.", "The official currency in England is the pound sterling, whose ISO 4217 code is GBP.", "Taxation in England is quite competitive when compared to much of the rest of Europe—as of 2009 the basic rate of personal tax is 20% on taxable income up to £37,400, and 40% on any additional earnings above that amount.", "The economy of England is the largest part of the UK's economy, which has the 18th highest GDP PPP per capita in the world.", "England is a leader in the chemical and pharmaceutical sectors and in key technical industries, particularly aerospace, the arms industry, and the manufacturing side of the software industry.", "London, home to the London Stock Exchange, the United Kingdom's main stock exchange and the largest in Europe, is England's financial centre—100 of Europe's 500 largest corporations are based in London.", "London is the largest financial centre in Europe, and is also the largest in the world.", "The Bank of England, founded in 1694 by Scottish banker William Paterson, is the United Kingdom's central bank.", "Originally established as private banker to the Government of England, since 1946 it has been a state-owned institution.", "The Bank has a monopoly on the issue of banknotes in England and Wales, although not in other parts of the United Kingdom.", "The government has devolved responsibility to the Bank's Monetary Policy Committee for managing the monetary policy of the country and setting interest rates.", "England is highly industrialised, but since the 1970s there has been a decline in traditional heavy and manufacturing industries, and an increasing emphasis on a more service industry oriented economy.", "Tourism has become a significant industry, attracting millions of visitors to England each year.", "The export part of the economy is dominated by pharmaceuticals, cars—although many English marques are now foreign-owned, such as Rolls-Royce, Lotus, Jaguar and Bentley—crude oil and petroleum from the English parts of North Sea oil along with Wytch Farm, aircraft engines and alcoholic beverages.", "Agriculture is intensive and highly mechanised, producing 60% of food needs with only 2% of the labour force.", "Two thirds of production is devoted to livestock, the other to arable crops." ]

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[ "Utility cycling refers both to cycling as a mode of daily commuting transport as well as the use of a bicycle in a commercial activity, mainly to transport goods, mostly accomplished in an urban environment.", "The postal services of many countries have long relied on bicycles.", "The British Royal Mail first started using bicycles in 1880; now bicycle delivery fleets include 37,000 in the UK, 25,700 in Germany, 10,500 in Hungary and 7000 in Sweden.", "The London Ambulance Service has recently introduced bicycling paramedics, who can often get to the scene of an incident in Central London more quickly than a motorized ambulance.", "Late in the 20th century, urban police bicycles became more common, as the mobility of car-borne officers was increasingly limited by traffic congestion and pedestrianisation.", "Bicycles enjoy substantial use as general delivery vehicles in many countries.", "In the UK and North America, as their first jobs, generations of teenagers have worked at delivering newspapers by bicycle.", "London has many delivery companies that use bicycles with trailers.", "Most cities in the West, and many outside it, support a sizeable and visible industry of cycle couriers who deliver documents and small packages.", "In India, many of Mumbai's Dabbawalas use bicycles to deliver home cooked lunches to the city’s workers.", "In Bogotá, Colombia the city’s largest bakery recently replaced most of its delivery trucks with bicycles.", "Even the car industry uses bicycles.", "At the huge Mercedes-Benz factory in Sindelfingen, Germany workers use bicycles, color-coded by department, to move around the factory." ]

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[ " Dale Dye as Colonel/General Jim Porter (season 1–3)", " Megan Danso as Deni (season 3 onwards)", " Bruce Gray as Uncle Scott (season 1)", " Martin Roach as Mike Thompson (season 1)", " Lynne Deragon as Kate Gordon (season 1)", " Melissa Kramer as Sarah (season 1)", " Steven Weber as Dr. Michael Harris (season 1)", " Dylan Authors as Jimmy Boland (seasons 1–2)", " Daniyah Ysrail as Rick Thompson (seasons 1-2)", " Ryan Robbins as Tector Murphy, one of the Berserkers (season 2 onwards)", " Luciana Carro as Crazy Lee, one of the Berserkers (seasons 2–3)", " Brad Kelly as Lyle, one of the Berserkers (season 2 onwards)", " Billy Wickman as Boon, one of the Berserkers (season 2)", " Terry O'Quinn as Arthur Manchester (season 2–3)", " Matt Frewer as General Bressler (seasons 2–3)", " Laci J Mailey as Jeanne Weaver (season 2 onwards)", " Brandon Jay McLaren as Jamil Dexter (season 2)", " Gloria Reuben as Marina Peralta (season 3 onwards)", " Robert Sean Leonard as Dr. Roger Kadar (season 3 onwards)" ]

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[ "This Is Not a Film () is an Iranian documentary film by Jafar Panahi and Mojtaba Mirtahmasb.", "It was released on 28 September 2011 in France, distributed by Kanibal Films Distribution.", "The film was smuggled from Iran to Cannes in a flash drive hidden inside a birthday cake.", "It was specially screened at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival and later at the New York Film Festival, and others.", "It also took part in the International Competition of the 27th Warsaw International Film Festival." ]

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[ "Originally, coffee farming was done in the shade of trees that provided a habitat for many animals and insects.", "Remnant forest trees were used for this purpose, but many species have been planted as well.", "These include leguminous trees of the genera \"Acacia\", \"Albizia\", \"Cassia\", \"Erythrina\", \"Gliricidia\", \"Inga\", and \"Leucaena\", as well as the nitrogen-fixing non-legume sheoaks of the genus \"Casuarina\", and the silky oak \"Grevillea robusta\".", "This method commonly referred to as the traditional shaded method, or \"shade-grown\".", "Starting in the 1970s, many farmers switched their production method to sun cultivation, in which coffee is grown in rows under full sun with little or no forest canopy.", "This causes berries to ripen more rapidly and bushes to produce higher yields, but requires the clearing of trees and increased use of fertilizer and pesticides, which damage the environment and cause health problems.", "Unshaded coffee plants grown with fertilizer yield the most coffee, although unfertilized shaded crops generally yield more than unfertilized unshaded crops: the response to fertilizer is much greater in full sun.", "Although traditional coffee production causes berries to ripen more slowly and produce lower yields, the quality of the coffee is allegedly superior.", "In addition, the traditional shaded method provides living space for many wildlife species.", "Proponents of shade cultivation say environmental problems such as deforestation, pesticide pollution, habitat destruction, and soil and water degradation are the side effects of the practices employed in sun cultivation.", "The American Birding Association, Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center, National Arbor Day Foundation, and the Rainforest Alliance have led a campaign for 'shade-grown' and organic coffees, which can be sustainably harvested.", "Shaded coffee cultivation systems show greater biodiversity than full-sun systems, and those more distant from continuous forest compare rather poorly to undisturbed native forest in terms of habitat value for some bird species.", "Another issue concerning coffee is its use of water.", "According to \"New Scientist\", using industrial farming practices, it takes about of water to grow the coffee seeds needed to produce one cup of coffee, and the coffee is often grown in countries where there is a water shortage, such as Ethiopia.", "By using sustainable agriculture methods, the amount of water usage can be dramatically reduced, while retaining comparable yields.", "For comparison, the United States Geological Survey reports that one egg requires an input of of water; one serving of milk requires an input of of water; one serving of rice requires an input of of water; and one glass of wine requires an input of of water.", "Coffee grounds may be used for composting or as a mulch.", "They are especially appreciated by worms and acid-loving plants such as blueberries.", "Some commercial coffee shops run initiatives to make better use of these grounds, including Starbucks' \"Grounds for your Garden\" project, and community sponsored initiatives such as \"Ground to Ground\".", "Starbucks sustainability chief Jim Hanna has warned that Climate change may significantly impact coffee yields within a few decades." ]

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[ "The green color of leaf vegetables is due to the presence of the green pigment chlorophyll.", "Chlorophyll is affected by the pH, and it changes to olive green in acid conditions, and to bright green in alkaline conditions.", "Some of the acids are released in steam during cooking, particularly if cooked without a cover.", "The yellow/orange colors of fruits and vegetables are due to the presence of carotenoids, which are also affected by normal cooking processes or changes in pH.", "The red/blue coloring of some fruits and vegetables (e.g., blackberries and red cabbage) are due to anthocyanins, which are sensitive to changes in pH.", "When the pH is neutral, the pigments are purple, when acidic, red, and when alkaline, blue.", "These pigments are quite water-soluble.", "This property can be used in rudimentary testing of pH." ]

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[ "Online music database AllMusic praised the score of the film, referring to it as \"underrated highlight\" of \"The Terminator\" and referred to it as a \"marvelous synthesizer score\".", "The review stated that the second half of the album featuring the pop songs was \"generic\".", "The review praised the \"Definitive Edition\" version of the album which featured the entire film score, opining that it \"comprises some of the best science fiction-oriented film music of recent decades.\"" ]

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[ "l mechanism.", "Auroras are associated with the solar wind, a flow of ions continuously flowing outward from the Sun.", "The Earth's magnetic field traps these particles, many of which travel toward the poles where they are accelerated toward Earth.", "Collisions between these ions and atmospheric atoms and molecules cause energy releases in the form of auroras appearing in large circles around the poles.", "Auroras are more frequent and brighter during the intense phase of the solar cycle when coronal mass ejections increase the intensity of the solar wind.", "Auroras result from emissions of photons in the Earth's upper atmosphere, above , from ionized nitrogen molecules regaining an electron, and oxygen atoms and nitrogen molecules returning from an excited state to ground state.", "They are ionized or excited by the collision of solar wind and magnetospheric particles being funneled down and accelerated along the Earth's magnetic field lines; excitation energy is lost by the emission of a photon, or by collision with another atom or molecule:", "oxygen emissions: green or brownish-red, depending on the amount of energy absorbed.", "nitrogen emissions: blue or red; blue if the atom regains an electron after it has been ionized, red if returning to ground state from an excited state.", "Oxygen is unusual in terms of its return to ground state: it can take three quarters of a second to emit green light and up to two minutes to emit red.", "Collisions with other atoms or molecules absorb the excitation energy and prevent emission.", "Because the very top of the atmosphere has a higher percentage of oxygen and is sparsely distributed such collisions are rare enough to allow time for oxygen to emit red.", "Collisions become more frequent progressing down into the atmosphere, so that red emissions do not have time to happen, and eventually even green light emissions are prevented.", "This is why there is a color differential with altitude; at high altitude oxygen red dominates, then oxygen green and nitrogen blue/red, then finally nitrogen blue/red when collisions prevent oxygen from emitting anything.", "Green is the most common of all auroras.", "Behind it is pink, a mixture of light green and red, followed by pure red, yellow (a mixture of red and green), and finally, pure blue." ]

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[ "In fast food outlets, ketchup is often dispensed in small packets.", "Diners tear the side or top and squeeze the ketchup out of the ketchup packets.", "In 2011, Heinz began offering a new measured-portion package, called the \"Dip and Squeeze\" packet, which allowed the consumer to either tear the top off the package and squeeze the contents out, as with the traditional packet, or, in the alternative, tear the \"front\" off the package and use the package as a dip cup of the type often supplied with certain entreés.", "Previously fast food outlets dispensed ketchup from pumps into paper cups.", "This method has made a resurgence in the first decade of the 21st century with cost and environmental concerns increasing of individual packets.", "In October 2000, Heinz introduced colored ketchup products called EZ Squirt, which eventually included green, purple, pink, orange, teal, and blue.", "These products were made by adding food coloring to the traditional ketchup.", "these products have been discontinued." ]

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[ "Popular salad garnishes are nuts, croutons, anchovies, bacon bits (real or imitation), garden beet,bell peppers, shredded carrots, diced celery, watercress, sliced cucumber, parsley, sliced mushrooms, sliced red onion, radish, french fries, sunflower seeds (shelled), real or artificial crab meat (surimi) and cherry tomatoes.", "Various cheeses, berries, seeds and other ingredients can also be added to green salads.", "Cheeses, in the form of cubes, crumbles, or grated, are often used, including blue cheese, Parmesan cheese, and feta cheese.", "Color considerations are sometimes addressed by using edible flowers, red radishes, carrots, various colors of peppers, and other colorful ingredients." ]

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[ "The experimental position improved dramatically after research by Henry Moseley in 1913.", "Moseley, after discussions with Bohr who was at the same lab (and who had used Van den Broek's hypothesis in his Bohr model of the atom), decided to test Van den Broek's and Bohr's hypothesis directly, by seeing if spectral lines emitted from excited atoms fitted the Bohr theory's postulation that the frequency of the spectral lines be proportional to the square of \"Z\".", "To do this, Moseley measured the wavelengths of the innermost photon transitions (K and L lines) produced by the elements from aluminum (\"Z\" = 13) to gold (\"Z\" = 79) used as a series of movable anodic targets inside an x-ray tube.", "The square root of the frequency of these photons (x-rays) increased from one target to the next in an arithmetic progression.", "This led to the conclusion (Moseley's law) that the atomic number does closely correspond (with an offset of one unit for K-lines, in Moseley's work) to the calculated electric charge of the nucleus, i.e.", "the element number \"Z\".", "Among other things, Moseley demonstrated that the lanthanide series (from lanthanum to lutetium inclusive) must have 15 members—no fewer and no more—which was far from obvious from the chemistry at that time." ]

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[ "At the time DreamWorks was founded, producer John H. Williams got hold of the book from his children, and when he brought it to DreamWorks, it caught Jeffrey Katzenberg's attention and the studio decided to make it into a movie.", "Recounting the inspiration of making the film, Williams said: After buying the rights to the film, Katzenberg quickly put the film in active development in November 1995.", "Steven Spielberg had thought about making a traditionally animated film of the book before, when he bought the rights to the book in 1991, before the founding of DreamWorks, where Bill Murray would play Shrek and Steve Martin would play Donkey.", "In the beginning of production, co-director Andrew Adamson refused to be intimidated by Katzenberg, and had an argument with him how much should the film appeal to adults.", "Katzenberg wanted both audiences, but he found some of Adamson's ideas about adding sexual jokes and Guns N' Roses music to the soundtrack a bit too outrageous.", "Andrew Adamson and Kelly Asbury joined in 1997 to co-direct the film.", "However, Asbury left a year later for work on the 2002 film \"\", and was replaced with story artist Vicky Jenson.", "Both Adamson and Jenson decided to work on the film in half, so the crew could at least know who to go to with specific detail questions about the film's sequences; \"We both ended up doing a lot of everything\", Adamson said.", "\"We're both kinda control freaks, and we both wanted to do everything.", "\"Some early sketches of Shrek's house were done in 1996 through 1997 using Photoshop, with the sketches showing Shrek first living in a garbage dump near a human village called Wart Creek.", "It was also thought one time that he lived with his parents and kept rotting fish in his bedroom.", "Donkey was modeled after \"Pericles\" (born 1994; also known as \"Perry\"), a real miniature donkey from Barron Park, Palo Alto, California.", "Raman Hui, supervising animator of \"Shrek\", stated that Fiona \"wasn't based on any real person.\"", "and he did many different sketches for Princess Fiona and had done over 100 sculptures of Fiona before the directors picked the final design.", "In early development, the Art Directors visited Hearst Castle, Stratford upon Avon and Dordogne for inspiration.", "Art Director Douglas Rogers visited a magnolia plantation in Charleston, South Carolina for inspiration for Shrek's swamp.", "Planned characters not used in the film include Goldilocks and Sleeping Beauty." ]

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[ "Van Gogh, introduced to etching by Gachet, made the etching \"Portrait of Doctor Gachet\" in 1890.", "Gachet and Van Gogh discussed creating a series of southern France themes but that never happened.", "This was the one and only etching, also known as \"L'homme à la pipe\" (Man with a pipe), that Van Gogh ever made.", "Van Gogh's brother, Theo, who received an impression of the etching, called it \"a true painter's etching.", "No refinement in the execution, but a drawing on metal.\"", "It is a different pose than that in Van Gogh's \"Portrait of Dr. Gachet\", owned by Musée d'Orsay.", "The National Gallery of Canada finds that \"The undulating flow of the line is typical of the expressive quality of Van Gogh's late style.\"", "The impression owned by the National Gallery is from one of the 60 printings following Van Gogh's death by Dr. Gachet's son, Paul Gachet Jr. Gachet's collector's stamp appears on the bottom edge of the print." ]

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[ "The traditional Mongolian dwelling is known as a \"ger\".", "In the past it was known by the Russian term \"yurt\", but this is changing as the Mongolian term becomes better known among English-speaking countries.", "According to Mongolian artist and art critic N. Chultem, the \"ger\" was the basis for development of traditional Mongolian architecture.", "In the 16th and 17th centuries, lamaseries were built throughout the country.", "Many of them started as \"ger\"-temples.", "When they needed to be enlarged to accommodate the growing number of worshippers, the Mongolian architects used structures with 6 and 12 angles with pyramidal roofs to approximate to the round shape of a \"ger\".", "Further enlargement led to a quadratic shape of the temples.", "The roofs were made in the shape of marquees.", "The trellis walls, roof poles and layers of felt were replaced by stone, brick, beams and planks, and became permanent.", "Chultem distinguished three styles in traditional Mongolian architecture: Mongolian, Tibetan and Chinese as well as combinations of the three.", "Among the first quadratic temples was Batu-Tsagaan (1654) designed by Zanabazar.", "An example of the \"ger\"-style architecture is the lamasery Dashi-Choiling in Ulaanbaatar.", "The temple Lavrin (18th century) in the Erdene Zuu lamasery was built in the Tibetan tradition.", "An example of a temple built in the Chinese tradition is the lamasery Choijing Lamiin Sume (1904), which is a museum today.", "The quadratic temple Tsogchin in lamasery Gandan in Ulaanbaatar is a combination of the Mongolian and Chinese tradition.", "The temple of Maitreya (disassembled in 1938) is an example of the Tibeto-Mongolian architecture.", "Dashi-Choiling monastery has commenced a project to restore the temple and the sculpture of Maitreya." ]

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[ "Continuing to evade the viewer's search for figurative elements in his paintings, Pollock abandoned titles and started numbering his works.", "He said about this: \"...look passively and try to receive what the painting has to offer and not bring a subject matter or preconceived idea of what they are to be looking for\".", "Pollock's wife, Lee Krasner, said Pollock \"used to give his pictures conventional titles... but now he simply numbers them.", "Numbers are neutral.", "They make people look at a picture for what it is—pure painting.\"" ]

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[ "The Depression-era understanding of the painting as a depiction of an authentically American scene prompted the first well-known parody, a 1942 photo by Gordon Parks of cleaning woman Ella Watson, shot in Washington, D.C.\"American Gothic\" is one of the few paintings to achieve iconic cultural status, along with Leonardo da Vinci's \"Mona Lisa\" and Edvard Munch's \"The Scream\".", "It is thus one of the most reproduced – and parodied – images ever made.", "Many artists have replaced the two people with other known couples and replaced the house with well-known houses.", "References and parodies of the image have been numerous for generations, appearing regularly in such media as postcards, magazines, animated cartoons, advertisements, comic books, album covers, television shows and other artists.", "The opening credits of the 1965 television show \"Green Acres\" had the main couple in an American Gothic-style pose; cinematic posters of the films \"For Richer or Poorer\", \"Son In Law\", \"American Gothic\", and \"Good Fences\" parody the painting.", "It is also a key motif in Anthony Weigh's play \"2,000 Feet Away\", which opens with a scene featuring the painting at the Art Institute.", "The painting was also parodied in a classic commercial for \"New Country Corn Flakes\", a General Mills product.", "A sculpture entitled \"God Bless America\" by sculptor John Seward Johnson II that features the \"American Gothic\" couple went on display in Chicago, Illinois, just south of the Tribune Tower on the Magnificent Mile of Michigan Avenue, in December 2008 but has been removed as of February 26, 2010.", "The sculpture was displayed in Dubuque, Iowa at the Figge Art Museum and is now on the campus of Simpson College in Indianola, Iowa until at least December 31, 2013.", "Postcards mimicking the couple with sitting US Presidents, Presidential nominees, and their spouses are popular commercial products.", "Ohio State Buckeyes football games feature the painting on their scoreboard; within a few seconds of its display, the man's eyes bug out and his tongue wags.", "A 1963 \"Saturday Evening Post\" cover featured the cast of \"The Beverly Hillbillies\" in a parody of American Gothic with \"Irene Ryan\" and \"Buddy Ebsen\" posing like the 2 people in the painting flanked by \"Max Baer\" and \"Donna Douglas\" at their sides.", "David Ackles borrowed the title for his 1973 \"American Gothic\" album, as did The Smashing Pumpkins for their 2008 EP \"American Gothic\" and a 1995 television horror series created by Shaun Cassidy.", "Elton John and RuPaul portray the couple on the video for a rerecording of \"Don't Go Breaking My Heart\" released in 1994.", "Astrovamps parodied the painting on the cover of their album, \"American Gothik\".", "The Ma and Pa couple at the beginning of the \"Doctor Who\" episode \"Gridlock\" are fashioned in the style of the couple in the painting.", "The \"American Gothic\" couple have even been reinterpreted as Living Dead Dolls twice, in 2004 and 2009.", "In the opening scene of \"The Rocky Horror Picture Show\", Richard O'Brien and Patricia Quinn appear as a farmer and his wife in parody of \"American Gothic\".", "They are joined by a daughter dressed in the same fashion.", "The painting is also seen on the wall in the castle during the song \"Time Warp\" as well as it is seen in the sequel \"Shock Treatment\"In the episode of \"The Simpsons\", \"Bart Gets an Elephant\", the Simpsons are revealed to evidently have the original \"American Gothic\" painting hanging on their living room wall.", "Bart unwittingly scrubs it while cleaning the house, and rubs off all the paint.", "Underneath, it reads \"If you can read this, you scrubbed too hard.", "Signed, Grant Wood.", "\"In the scene where Mulan's ancestors awaken Mushu in \"Mulan\", two of the ancestors appear as a parody of the farmer and his daughter, representing traditional values.", "The painting and its process of creation was parodied in a \"Saturday Night Live\" episode, which aired November 10, 2012, with host Anne Hathaway as Nan Wood Graham, Jason Sudeikis as Dr. Byron McKeeby, Tarran Killam as Grant Wood, and Kenan Thompson as a tour guide at The Art Institute of Chicago." ]

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[ "Henry Spencer Moore (30 July 1898 – 31 August 1986) was an English sculptor and artist.", "He was best known for his semi-abstract monumental bronze sculptures which are located around the world as public works of art.", "His forms are usually abstractions of the human figure, typically depicting mother-and-child or reclining figures.", "Moore's works are usually suggestive of the female body, apart from a phase in the 1950s when he sculpted family groups.", "His forms are generally pierced or contain hollow spaces.", "Many interpreters liken the undulating form of his reclining figures to the landscape and hills of his birthplace, Yorkshire.", "Moore was born in Castleford, the son of a coal miner.", "He became well-known through his carved marble and larger-scale abstract cast bronze sculptures, and was instrumental in introducing a particular form of modernism to the United Kingdom.", "His ability in later life to fulfill large-scale commissions made him exceptionally wealthy.", "Yet he lived frugally and most of the money he earned went towards endowing the Henry Moore Foundation, which continues to support education and promotion of the arts." ]

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[ "To maintain the series' ensemble format, the main cast members decided to enter themselves in the same acting categories for awards.", "Beginning with the series' eighth season, the actors decided to submit themselves in the lead actor balloting, rather than in the supporting actor fields.", "The series was nominated for 63 Primetime Emmy Awards, winning six.", "Aniston and Kudrow are the only main cast members to win an Emmy, while Cox is the only actor not to be nominated.", "The series won the 2002 Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series, with nominations in 1995, 1996, 1999, 2000 and 2003.", "The series also won an American Comedy Award, one GLAAD Media Award, one Golden Globe Award, three Logie Awards, six People's Choice Awards, one Satellite Award, and one Screen Actors Guild Award." ]

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[ "The three minute and twelve second song features electronic heavy production and a pop music vocal styling, a musical transition for Swift.", "An alternate edition was recorded for country radio featuring a different instrumental arrangement.", "The country arrangement replaced the guitar, drum machine, and synthesisers with a banjo, mandolin, fiddle, steel guitar and snare drums.", "It was written in the key of G Major with a common time signature and a slow tempo of eighty-six beats per minute Moderate Rock beat, with Swift's vocals spanning one octave & four notes, from G3 to D5.", "The track features an acoustic guitar (some of its sounds are reversed) and various synthesizers over an electronic drum beat.", "The song was written by Swift, along with Max Martin and Shellback.", "The lyrics discuss Swift's frustration towards a former male lover who wants to rekindle their relationship." ]

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[ "Popcorn is commonly eaten in movie theaters.", "This snack is usually served salted or sweetened.", "In North America, it is traditionally served salted, often with butter or a butterlike topping, with toffee or spices.", "However, sweetened versions, such as caramel corn and kettle corn, are also commonly available.", "In the United Kingdom, ready-made popcorn is available either salted or simply sweetened with sugar.", "Toffee (i.e.", "caramel) popcorn is also available, but tends to be more expensive.", "In Peru, popcorn is sometimes sweetened with small candy pellets and sweetened condensed milk, but its more often eaten with salt and the only buttered version known to any considerable degree is microwave popcorn.", "In Mexico, popcorn is served with either jalapeño juice, hot sauce, cheese, butter, or salt.", "Popcorn is a popular snack food at sporting events and in cinemas, where it has been served since 1914.", "Popcorn as a breakfast cereal was consumed by Americans in the 1800s and generally consisted of popcorn with milk and a sweetener.", "Popcorn balls (popped kernels stuck together with a sugary \"glue\") were hugely popular around the turn of the 20th century, but their popularity has since waned.", "Popcorn balls are still served in some places as a traditional Halloween treat.", "Cracker Jack is a popular, commercially produced candy that consists of peanuts mixed in with caramel-covered popcorn.", "Kettle corn is a variation of normal popcorn, cooked with white sugar and salt, traditionally in a large copper kettle.", "Once reserved for specialty shops and county fairs, kettle corn has recently become popular, especially in the microwave popcorn market.", "The popcorn maker is a relatively new home appliance, and its popularity is increasing because it offers the opportunity to add flavours of the consumer's own choice and to choose healthy-eating popcorn styles.", "Some popular brands of popcorn in the United States are Orville Redenbacher's, Act II, Jiffy Pop (all three of which are brands of the ConAgra Foods conglomerate), Pop Secret, Candy Land Gourmet, Jolly Time, Aussie Crunch, Newman's Own, Dale and Thomas and Pop Weaver." ]

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[ "", "\"Greys Anatomy\" has received high viewership and ratings since its debut.", "The first four seasons of the program each ranked in the top ten among all viewers, reaching its peak Nielsen ratings in the second season, attracting an average of 19.44 million viewers per episode, and ranking at fifth place overall.", "Following the show's time-slot being relocated, overall rankings steadily declined, dropping below the top ten in its fifth season.", "\"Grey's Anatomy\" made its greatest fall from its sixth to seventh season, slipping from seventeenth place to thirty-first.", "The series is on a steady decline in terms of overall viewership and rankings, yet \"Grey's Anatomy\" still holds value in charts when numbers are pulled from the digital video recorder (DVR).", "It was the most recorded show between 2007 and 2011, based on cumulative totals, and has been for several years in a row.", "The most-watched episode of the series is \"It's the End of the World\", with 37.88 million viewers, aided by a lead-in from Super Bowl XL.", "In contrast, the least-watched episode is \"The Lion Sleeps Tonight\", which garnered 8.19 million viewers—a 30% decrease from \"It's the End of the World\".", "In 2011, \"Grey's Anatomy\" was named the fourth-highest revenue earning show of the year, with US$2.67 million per half hour, behind \"Desperate Housewives\", \"Two and a Half Men\", and \"American Idol\" at the top.", "In 2012, the show was the fifth-highest revenue earning show of the year, with US$2.75 million per half hour, behind \"Glee\", \"Two and a Half Men\", \"The X Factor (U.S.)\" and \"American Idol\".", "While \"Grey's Anatomy\" is no longer ranked in the top numbers for overall ratings, the show's ranking in the key 18–49 demographic has remained high.", "As of season eight, the series is the highest-rated drama on television in the target demographic.", "Below is a table of \"Grey's Anatomy\"s seasonal rankings in the U.S. television market, based on average total viewers per episode.", "Each U.S. network television season starts in September and ends in late May, which coincides with the completion of May sweeps." ]

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[ "Victoria Peak (, or previously ) is a mountain in the western half of Hong Kong Island.", "It is also known as Mount Austin, and locally as The Peak.", "With an altitude of , it is the highest mountain on the island (Tai Mo Shan is the highest point in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region).", "The summit is occupied by a radio telecommunications facility and is closed to the public.", "However, the surrounding area of public parks and high-value residential land is the area that is normally meant by the name \"The Peak\".", "It is a major tourist attraction that offers views over Central, Victoria Harbour, Lamma Island and the surrounding islands." ]

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[ "Following a successful airing of the series' first thirteen episodes, \"Prison Break\" was nominated for its first award, the 2005 People's Choice Award for Favorite New TV Drama.", "The series won the award in January 2006, beating other nominees in the same category, \"Commander in Chief\" and \"Criminal Minds\".", "In January 2006, the show had two nominations at the 63rd Golden Globe Awards, which were Best Drama Television Series and Best Actor in a Drama Television Series for Wentworth Miller's performance.", "The show's lead actor, Wentworth Miller, received another nomination for his performance in the first season at the 2005 Saturn Awards for Best Actor on Television.", "Likewise, the series was nominated for 2005 Saturn Award for Best Network Television Series.", "At the 2006 Television Critics Association Awards, the show was nominated for Best New Drama Series.", "Nominations for technical awards include the 2006 Eddie Award for Best Edited One-Hour Series for Commercial Television (Mark Helfrich for the pilot episode), and the 2006 Primetime Emmy award for Outstanding Main Title Theme Music (Ramin Djawadi).", "In December 2006, Robert Knepper was nominated for the 2006 Satellite Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role in a Series, Mini-Series or Motion Picture Made for Television." ]

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[ "", "[[File:Frida Kahlo Diego Rivera 1932.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Frida Kahlo with Diego Rivera in 1932, photography byCarl van Vechten.", "]]Mexican culture reflects the complexity of the country's history through the blending of indigenous cultures and the culture of Spain, imparted during Spain's 300-year colonization of Mexico.", "Exogenous cultural elements have been incorporated into Mexican culture as time have passed.", "The Porfirian era (\"el Porfiriato\"), in the last quarter of the 19th century and the first decade of the 20th century, was marked by economic progress and peace.", "After four decades of civil unrest and war, Mexico saw the development of philosophy and the arts, promoted by President Díaz himself.", "Since that time, as accentuated during the Mexican Revolution, cultural identity has had its foundation in the \"mestizaje\", of which the indigenous (i.e.", "Amerindian) element is the core.", "In light of the various ethnicities that formed the Mexican people, José Vasconcelos in his publication \"La Raza Cósmica\" (The Cosmic Race) (1925) defined Mexico to be the melting pot of all races (thus extending the definition of the \"mestizo\") not only biologically but culturally as well." ]

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[ "", "\"Grad Bash\" and \"Gradventure\" are two separate events held in April and May at the park.", "Grad Bash is an event for graduating high school senior classes who can gather for an exclusive, all-night party at the Universal Orlando Resort featuring all of the best park attractions, live performances by some of the most popular musicians, dance parties with DJs, and pre-parties live at The Universal Music Plaza Stage in the Production Central area.", "After Disney's retirement of Grad Nite, Grad Bash will be held for five nights in 2012.", "Gradventure is similar, but is designed for junior high/middle school graduating students." ]

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[ "Recording", "Recorded at Eightysevenfourteen Studios, Los Angeles, California; Eyeknowasecret Studio, Brentwood, California.", "Sample", "Contains elements from the composition \"I've Been Everywhere\", written by Geoff Mack under Unichappel Music Inc (BMI).", "Personnel", "Vocals - Rihanna", "Songwriting – Ester Dean, Lukasz Gottwald, Calvin Harris, Henry Walter, Geoff Mack", "Production, instruments, programming  – Dr. Luke, Cirkut, Calvin Harris", "Vocal engineering and recording – Kuk Harrell, Marcos Tovar", "Assistant vocal recording – Jennifer Rosales", "Engineering – Aubry \"Big Juice\" Delaine, Clint Gibbs", "Mixing – Serban Ghenea", "Credits and personnel.", "Credits adapted from the liner notes of \"Talk That Talk\", Def Jam Recordings, SRP Records." ]

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[ "While physics aims to discover universal laws, its theories lie in explicit domains of applicability.", "Loosely speaking, the laws of classical physics accurately describe systems whose important length scales are greater than the atomic scale and whose motions are much slower than the speed of light.", "Outside of this domain, observations do not match their predictions.", "Albert Einstein contributed the framework of special relativity, which replaced notions of absolute time and space with spacetime and allowed an accurate description of systems whose components have speeds approaching the speed of light.", "Max Planck, Erwin Schrödinger, and others introduced quantum mechanics, a probabilistic notion of particles and interactions that allowed an accurate description of atomic and subatomic scales.", "Later, quantum field theory unified quantum mechanics and special relativity.", "General relativity allowed for a dynamical, curved spacetime, with which highly massive systems and the large-scale structure of the universe can be well-described.", "General relativity has not yet been unified with the other fundamental descriptions; several candidate theories of quantum gravity are being developed." ]

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[ "Today the Grand Bazaar is a thriving complex, employing 26,000 people visited by between 250,000 and 400,000 visitors daily, and one of the major landmarks of Istanbul.", "It must compete with modern shopping malls common in Istanbul, but its beauty and fascination represent a formidable advantage for it.", "The head of the Grand Bazaar Artisans Association claimed that the complex was in 2011 - the year of its 550th birthday - the most visited monument in the world.", "A restoration project starting in 2012 should renew its infrastructure, heating and lighting systems.", "Moreover, the \"han\"s inside the Market will be renovated and later additions will be demolished.", "This project should finally solve the big problems of the market: for example, in the whole Bazaar there is no proper toilet facility.", "Moreover, the lacks of controls in the past years allowed many dealers to remove columns and skive walls in their shops to gain space: This, together with the substitution of lead (stolen in the last years) with concrete on the market's roof, has created a great hazard when the earthquake expected in Istanbul in the next years will occur.", "The Grand Bazaar is opened each day except Sundays and bank holidays from 9:00 until 19:00." ]

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[ "External forcing mechanisms.", "Orbital variations.", "Slight variations in Earth's orbit lead to changes in the seasonal distribution of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface and how it is distributed across the globe.", "There is very little change to the area-averaged annually averaged sunshine; but there can be strong changes in the geographical and seasonal distribution.", "The three types of orbital variations are variations in Earth's eccentricity, changes in the tilt angle of Earth's axis of rotation, and precession of Earth's axis.", "Combined together, these produce Milankovitch cycles which have a large impact on climate and are notable for their correlation to glacial and interglacial periods, their correlation with the advance and retreat of the Sahara, and for their appearance in the stratigraphic record.", "The IPCC notes that Milankovitch cycles drove the ice age cycles, CO2 followed temperature change \"with a lag of some hundreds of years,\" and that as a feedback amplified temperature change.", "The depths of the ocean have a lag time in changing temperature (thermal inertia on such scale).", "Upon seawater temperature change, the solubility of CO2 in the oceans changed, as well as other factors impacting air-sea CO2 exchange." ]

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[ "Victor Steinbrueck Park directly north of the market was originally Market Park.", "From about 1909 the site held an armory, which was damaged by fire in 1962.", "The land was taken over by the city in 1968, and the remnant of the armory was razed.", "In 1970 the land passed to park usage.", "The resulting Market Park was majorly redesigned in 1982.", "After Steinbrueck's 1985 death, it was renamed after the architect who was instrumental in the market's preservation." ]

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[ "The majority of rocks in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park are Late Precambrian rocks that are part of the Ocoee Supergroup formation.", "This group consists of metamorphosed sandstones, phyllites, schists, and slate.", "Early Precambrian rocks are not only the oldest rocks in the park but also the dominant rock type in sites such as the Raven Fork Valley and upper Tuckasegee River between Cherokee and Bryson City.", "They primarily consist of metamorphic gneiss, granite, and schist.", "Cambrian sedimentary rocks can be found among the bottom of the Foothills to the northwest and in limestone coves such as Cades Cove.", "One of the most visited attractions in the mountains is Cades Cove which is a window or an area where older rocks made out of sandstone surround the valley floor of younger rocks made out of limestone.", "The oldest rocks in the Smokies are the Precambrian gneiss and schists which were formed over a billion years ago from the accumulation of marine sediments and igneous rock.", "In the Late Precambrian period, the primordial ocean expanded and the more recent Ocoee Supergroup rocks formed from the accumulation of eroding land mass onto the continental shelf.", "At the end of the Paleozoic era, the ocean deposited a thick layer of marine sediments which left behind sedimentary rock.", "During the Ordovician period, the collision of North American and African plates initiated the Alleghenian orogeny that created the Appalachian range.", "The Mesozoic era was dictated by the rapid erosion of softer sedimentary rocks and re-exposed the older Ocoee Supergroup formations." ]

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[ "The music video came in first with 21% rating in the 2012 Billboard.com's readers poll, beating \"Where Have You Been\" by Rihanna (19%) and \"Beauty and a Beat\" by Justin Bieber featuring Nicki Minaj (11%).", "The song was the most popular song played on New Year's Eve and the most sung song on the day, leaving \"Auld Lang Syne\" in second place for the first time since 2005, on karaoke company Lucky Voice's online service in the United Kingdom.", "CNN readers picked \"Gangnam Style\" as the eighth best song of 2012.", "\"The Week\" (US edition) ranked the song's global popularity at No.", "6 with the strapline \"'Gangnam Style' takes over the world\" on the 13 biggest pop culture moments of the year list.", "The phenomenon of the song and the video was also picked as one of the 2012's most viral moments in music by Wendy Geller of Yahoo!", "Music, and No.", "2 on the 2012 top 20 music moments list after Whitney Houston's passing by \"Billboard\", being written \"If there's one meme, song and face that has been truly inescapable in the second half of 2012, it's South Korean rapper Psy and his outrageous 'Gangnam Style'.\"" ]

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[ "Today, the Henry Moore Foundation manages the artist's former home at Perry Green in Hertfordshire as a visitor destination, with 70 acres of sculpture grounds as well as his restored house and studios.", "It also runs the Henry Moore Institute in Leeds which organises exhibitions and research activities in international sculpture.", "Popular interest in Moore's work was perceived by some to have declined for a while in the UK but has been revived in recent times by exhibitions including Henry Moore at Tate Britain in 2010 and Moore at Kew and Hatfield in 2007 and 2011 respectively.", "The Foundation he endowed continues to play an essential role in promoting contemporary art in the United Kingdom and abroad through its grants and exhibitions programme." ]

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[ "", "\"Grad Bash\" and \"Gradventure\" are two separate events held in April and May at the park.", "Grad Bash is an event for graduating high school senior classes who can gather for an exclusive, all-night party at the Universal Orlando Resort featuring all of the best park attractions, live performances by some of the most popular musicians, dance parties with DJs, and pre-parties live at The Universal Music Plaza Stage in the Production Central area.", "After Disney's retirement of Grad Nite, Grad Bash will be held for five nights in 2012.", "Gradventure is similar, but is designed for junior high/middle school graduating students." ]

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[ "Kebab (also kebap or kabab) is a Middle Eastern dish of pieces of meat, fish, or vegetables roasted or grilled on a skewer or spit originating in the Middle East, whereas in Europe it refers to doner kebab, sliced meat served in a pita.", "In the Middle East, however, kebab refers to meat that is cooked over or next to flames; large or small cuts of meat, or even ground meat; it may be served on plates, in sandwiches, or in bowls.", "The traditional meat for kebab is lamb, but depending on local tastes and religious prohibitions, other meats may include beef, goat, chicken, pork or fish.", "Like other ethnic foods brought by travellers, the kebab has remained a part of everyday cuisine in most of the Eastern Mediterranean and South Asia.", "It is also popular among Western youth as a snack after a night-out." ]

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[ "Despite the profound advances made over recent decades in our understanding of life’s fundamental processes, some basic problems have remained unresolved.", "For example, one of the major unresolved problems in biology is the primary adaptive function of sex, and particularly its key processes in eukaryotes, meiosis and homologous recombination.", "One view is that sex evolved primarily as an adaptation for increasing genetic diversity (see references e.g.).", "An alternative view is that sex is an adaptation for promoting accurate DNA repair in germ-line DNA, and that increased genetic diversity is primarily a byproduct that may be useful in the long run.", "(See also Evolution of sexual reproduction).", "Another basic unresolved problem in biology is the biologic basis of aging.", "At present, there is no consensus view on the underlying cause of aging.", "Various competing theories are outlined in Ageing#Theories." ]

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[ "The increasing popularity of \"sushi\" around the world has resulted in variations typically found in the Western world, but rarely in Japan (a notable exception to this is the use of salmon which was introduced by the Norwegians in the early 1980s).", "Such creations to suit the Western palate were initially fueled by the invention of the California roll (a \"norimaki\" with crab (later, imitation crab), cucumber, and avocado).", "A wide variety of popular rolls (\"norimaki\" and \"uramaki\") has evolved since.", "Though the menu names of dishes often vary by restaurant, some examples include:Other rolls may include pretty much anything, including chopped scallops, spicy tuna, beef or chicken teriyaki roll, okra, and assorted vegetables such as cucumber and avocado.", "Since rolls are usually made to-order, it is not unusual for the customer to specify the exact ingredients desired.", "Sometimes, rolls are made with brown rice or black rice, which appear in Japanese cuisine as well.", "An \"uramaki\" (inside-out roll) allows draping ingredients on the outside of the roll in addition to the inside.", "Examples include the rainbow roll (an inside-out topped with thinly sliced \"maguro, hamachi, ebi, sake\" and avocado) and the caterpillar roll (an inside-out topped with thinly sliced avocado).", "Also commonly found is the \"rock and roll\" (an inside-out roll with barbecued freshwater eel and avocado with toasted sesame seeds on the outside) and the \"tempura roll\", where shrimp tempura is inside the roll or the entire roll is battered and fried tempura-style.", "In the Southern United States, many sushi restaurants prepare rolls using crawfish.", "\"Futomaki\" roll is found widely within Japan.", "Other types of Western-style sushi are also rarely seen in Japan." ]

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[ "\"Moves like Jagger\" is a song by American band Maroon 5 featuring singer-songwriter Christina Aguilera released by A&M Octone Records on June 21, 2011, as the fourth and final single and the first only re-released single from their third studio album \"Hands All Over\" (2010).", "The song was written by Adam Levine, Benjamin Levin, Ammar Malik and Shellback and produced by Shellback and Benny Blanco.", "\"Moves like Jagger\" is a dance-pop and electropop song and is backed by synths and electronic drums, the lyrics refer to a male's ability to impress a female with his dance moves, which he compares to Mick Jagger, frontman of the English band The Rolling Stones.", "\"Moves like Jagger\" was well received by music critics, who praised the song's chorus.", "Praise also went to the vocals of Levine and Aguilera, with critics pointing out solid chemistry between the two.", "Likewise, the song was a commercial success, going on to top the charts in over 18 countries.", "In the United States, \"Moves like Jagger\" became the band's first top ten single since \"Makes Me Wonder\" (2007), as well as Christina Aguilera's first top-ten single since \"Keeps Gettin' Better\" (2008).", "It is among the best-selling singles of all time.", "Aguilera also became the fourth female to score no.", "1 singles in three different decades, behind Madonna, Janet Jackson, and Britney Spears.", "She scored a number one hit in the 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s, being the second female artist to do so behind Britney Spears.", "Worldwide, it was the ninth-best-selling digital single of 2011 with sales of 7 million copies.", "As of 2014, the song ranks as one of the six best-selling digital singles of all time with sales of over 14 million copies.", "The music video was directed by Jonas Åkerlund.", "The video features an old video footage of Jagger and his iconic dance moves.", "\"Moves like Jagger\" was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance at the 54th Grammy Awards but lost to \"Body and Soul\" by Tony Bennett and Amy Winehouse.", "The song was first performed in June 2011 on an episode of \"The Voice\" (where Levine and Aguilera both served as judges/coaches)." ]

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[ "In Mexico, burgers (called \"hamburguesas\") are served with ham and slices of American cheese (locally called \"queso americano\") fried on top of the meat patty.", "The toppings include avocado, jalapeño slices, shredded lettuce, onion and tomato.", "The bun has mayonnaise, ketchup and mustard.", "In certain parts are served with bacon, which can be fried or grilled along with the meat patty.", "A slice of pineapple is also a usual option, and the variation is known as a \"Hawaiian hamburger\".", "Some restaurants' burgers also have barbecue sauce, and others also replace the ground patty with sirloin, Al pastor meat, barbacoa or a fried chicken breast.", "Many burger chains from the United States can be found all over Mexico, including Carl's Jr., Sonic, as well as global chains such as McDonald's and Burger King." ]

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[ "While at a Taking Back Sunday concert, Beau Bokan, the lead vocalist of metalcore band Blessthefall, asked a mutual friend of Lights if they would introduce the two.", "The couple started dating soon after.", "On August 30, 2011, Lights became engaged to Bokan.", "As his proposal, Bokan made fortune cookies for Lights, with one containing the fortune of \"Will You Marry Me?\"", "They were married on May 12, 2012.", "On November 4, 2013, the couple announced that Lights was pregnant with their first child via Twitter and Facebook.", "Lights and her sister were pregnant at the same time.", "On February 15, 2014, Lights gave birth to their daughter, Rocket Wild Bokan." ]

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[ "", "\"The Act of Killing\" has been named as one of the best films of 2013 by various critics:", " 1st – \"Sight & Sound\"", " 1st – The Guardian", " 1st – LA Weekly", " 1st – Nick Schager, \"The A.V.", "Club\"", " 2nd – Mark Kermode, \"The Observer\"", " 3rd – David Edelstein, \"New York\"", " 3rd – David Sexton, \"London Evening Standard\"", " 4th – Eric Kohn, \"Indiewire\"", " 4th – People Magazine", " 7th – Bill Goodykoontz, \"Arizona Republic\"", " 7th – A.", "A. Dowd, \"The A.V.", "Club\"", " 7th – David Chen – slashfilm.com \"[http://www.slashfilm.com/the-filmcasts-top-10-films-of-2013/]\"", " 8th – Sam Adams, \"The A.V.", "Club\"", " 8th – Ignatiy Vishnevetsky, \"The A.V.", "Club\"", " 8th – Richard Corliss, \"Time\"", " 10th – \"Time Out London\"", " 10th – Devindra Hardawar – slashfilm.com \"[http://www.slashfilm.com/the-filmcasts-top-10-films-of-2013/]\"" ]

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[ "", "\"One More Night\" was written by Adam Levine, Shellback, Max Martin, and Savan Kotecha, while production was handled by Martin and Shellback.", "It is a pop song, with a reggae beat infused into the percussion, giving the song a more dancey feel.", "The song is in the key of F minor and in 4/4 time.", "Lyrically, the song is built upon the idea of the quintessential push and pull between what the heart, mind and body want, which are usually opposing things.", "It starts with Adam Levine's \"Ooh-ooh-ooh-ooh\", underlined by a reggae beat.", "\"You and I go hard at each other like we're goin' to war\", Levine sings and then tempers that statement by saying, \"Try to tell you ‘no but my body keeps on telling you ‘yes’\", lamenting over not being able to resist the atrractive charms of an addictive person.", "The chorus finds Levine bewitched by someone he knows he shouldn’t be with: \"So I cross my heart and I hope to die / That I’ll only stay with you one more night / And I know I said it a million times / But I’ll only stay with you one more night.", "\"Regarding the song's theme, Amy Sciaretto of \"PopCrush\" defined the track: \"The song is erected on a thumped out beat, in addition to Levine’s signature falsetto, where he tosses off lyrics about not getting along with (or being able to untangle himself from) his lady love.", "Levine is hoping he only stays with her just 'one more night'.\"" ]

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[ "The penultimate process is called \"conching\".", "A conche is a container filled with metal beads, which act as grinders.", "The refined and blended chocolate mass is kept in a liquid state by frictional heat.", "Chocolate prior to conching has an uneven and gritty texture.", "The conching process produces cocoa and sugar particles smaller than the tongue can detect, hence the smooth feel in the mouth.", "The length of the conching process determines the final smoothness and quality of the chocolate.", "High-quality chocolate is conched for about 72 hours, lesser grades about four to six hours.", "After the process is complete, the chocolate mass is stored in tanks heated to approximately until final processing." ]

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[ "", "\"Rolling in the Deep\" first gained attention when it was used in a trailer for the film \"I Am Number Four\" and in the film itself.", "It has since been featured in several television series such as in \"90210\" third season, in \"Doctor Who\" sixth series premiere, in \"One Tree Hill\" eighth season, in \"Gossip Girl\" fourth season finale, and in \"The Secret Life of the American Teenager\" fourth season.", "\"Rolling in the Deep\" was used as the theme song for E4's reality series \"Made in Chelsea\" and appeared in \"So You Think You Can Dance\" eighth season during contestant Mitchell Kelly's solo performance.", "The instrumental of the song was used in Apple Inc's marketing video for the iPhone 4S.", "It was also featured in CBC's intro to Game 1 of the hockey 2011 Stanley Cup Finals between the Vancouver Canucks and the Boston Bruins.", "while the song's instrumentals were played heavily in promos during the 2011 NBA Draft.", "The song was played in the background during the parade of athletes at the 2012 Summer Olympic Games." ]

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[ " Julia Louis-Dreyfus as Eva", " James Gandolfini as Albert", " Toni Collette as Sarah", " Catherine Keener as Marianne", " Ben Falcone as Will", " Toby Huss as Peter", " Anjelah Johnson as Cathy", " Michaela Watkins as Hilary", " Eve Hewson as Tess", " Amy Landecker as Debbie", " Christopher Nicholas Smith as Hal", " Tracey Fairaway as Ellen", " Phillip Brock as Jason", " Tavi Gevinson as Chloe" ]

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[ "World War I.", "The First World War (1914–1918) was fought across Europe, the Middle East, Africa and Asia.", "Countries beyond the war zones were also affected by the disruption of international trade, finance and diplomatic pressures from the belligerents.", "In 1917, two revolutions occurred within the Russian Empire, which led to the collapse of the Imperial Government and the rise of the Bolshevik Party led by Vladimir Lenin." ]

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[ "In mixed doubles, both pairs typically try to maintain an attacking formation with the woman at the front and the man at the back.", "This is because the male players are usually substantially stronger, and can therefore produce smashes that are more powerful.", "As a result, mixed doubles require greater tactical awareness and subtler positional play.", "Clever opponents will try to reverse the ideal position, by forcing the woman towards the back or the man towards the front.", "In order to protect against this danger, mixed players must be careful and systematic in their shot selection.", "At high levels of play, the formations will generally be more flexible: the top women players are capable of playing powerfully from the back-court, and will happily do so if required.", "When the opportunity arises, however, the pair will switch back to the standard mixed attacking position, with the woman in front and men in the back." ]

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[ "As the Confederation, from its foundation in 1291, was almost exclusively composed of German-speaking regions, the earliest forms of literature are in German.", "In the 18th century, French became the fashionable language in Bern and elsewhere, while the influence of the French-speaking allies and subject lands was more marked than before.", "Among the classics of Swiss German literature are Jeremias Gotthelf (1797–1854) and Gottfried Keller (1819–1890).", "The undisputed giants of 20th century Swiss literature are Max Frisch (1911–91) and Friedrich Dürrenmatt (1921–90), whose repertoire includes \"Die Physiker\" (The Physicists) and \"Das Versprechen\" (), released in 2001 as a Hollywood film.", "Prominent French-speaking writers were Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712–1778) and Germaine de Staël (1766–1817).", "More recent authors include Charles Ferdinand Ramuz (1878–1947), whose novels describe the lives of peasants and mountain dwellers, set in a harsh environment and Blaise Cendrars (born Frédéric Sauser, 1887–1961).", "Also Italian and Romansh-speaking authors contributed but in more modest way given their small number.", "Probably the most famous Swiss literary creation, \"Heidi\", the story of an orphan girl who lives with her grandfather in the Alps, is one of the most popular children's books ever and has come to be a symbol of Switzerland.", "Her creator, Johanna Spyri (1827–1901), wrote a number of other books around similar themes." ]

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[ " It is the opening theme from the 1987 film \"Lethal Weapon\".", " Dr. Teeth and The Electric Mayhem performed the song in the 1987 Christmas television special \"A Muppet Family Christmas\".", " Helms' original recording is featured in the film \"Cookie\" (1989).", " The song was covered in \"The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!\"", "episode \"Koopa Klaus\" in 1989.", " The song was featured in the 1992 film \"\".", " \"Jingle Bell Rock\" is an animated Christmas special first seen in 1995 on ABC, which was produced by DIC Entertainment and featured Milton Berle as one of the voice actors.", "In the Christmas special for \"Sabrina, the Teenage Witch\" in 1996, this song is performed when Sabrina and her aunts are looking for Salem, when he's kidnapped by a little boy.", " In the 2004 Lindsay Lohan comedy \"Mean Girls\", the song is performed by Cady Heron, Regina George, Gretchen Weiners and Karen Smith in their annual Christmas talent show.", " It was used in the 2008 Christmas episode of \"Chuck\".", " In a season 7 episode of \"Two and a Half Men\", Alan and Evelyn sing the song, as Charlie Harper plays the piano.", " In the fourth season Christmas episode of \"Glee\", the song is performed by Chord Overstreet in character as Sam Evans.", " The song was featured in the closing credits of \"Getaway\" (2013).", " The song is used in the ending of the \"\"How the Saints Save Christmas\"\" downloadable content for \"Saints Row IV\"." ]

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[ "Egypt has one of the oldest civilizations in the world.", "Thus, it has been in contact with many other civilizations and nations and also has been through so many eras, starting from pre-historic age to the modern age, passing through so many ages such as; Pharonic, Roman, Greek, Islamic and many other ages.", "Because of this wide variation of ages, the continuous contact with other nations and the big number of conflicts Egypt had been through, at least 60 museums may be found in Egypt, mainly covering a wide area of these ages and conflicts.", "The Three main museums in Egypt are; The Egyptian Museum which has more than 120,000 items, the Egyptian National Military Museum and the 6th of October Panorama.", "The Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM), also known as the Giza Museum, is a planned museum of artifacts of ancient Egypt.", "Described as the largest archaeological museum in the world, the museum is scheduled to open in 2015.", "The museum will be sited on of land approximately two kilometers from the Giza Necropolis and is part of a new master plan for the plateau." ]

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[ "Pakistan is a federation of four provinces: Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan, as well as the Islamabad Capital Territory and the Federally Administered Tribal Areas in the northwest, which include the Frontier Regions.", "The government of Pakistan exercises \"de facto\" jurisdiction over the western parts of the disputed Kashmir region, organised into the separate political entities Azad Kashmir and Gilgit–Baltistan (formerly Northern Areas).", "The \"Gilgit–Baltistan Empowerment and Self-Governance Order\" of 2009 assigned a province-like status to the latter, giving it self-government.", "Local government follows a three-tier system of districts, tehsils and union councils, with an elected body at each tier.", "There are about 130 districts altogether, of which Azad Kashmir has ten and Gilgit–Baltistan seven.", "The Tribal Areas comprise seven tribal agencies and six small frontier regions detached from neighbouring districts.", "Law enforcement in Pakistan is carried out by federal and provincial police agencies.", "The four provinces and the Islamabad Capital Territory each have a civilian police force with jurisdiction limited to the relevant province or territory.", "At the federal level, there are a number of civilian agencies with nationwide jurisdictions; including the Federal Investigation Agency, the National Highways and Motorway Police, and several paramilitary forces such as the Pakistan Rangers and the Frontier Corps.", "The court system of Pakistan is organised as a hierarchy, with the Supreme Court at the apex, below which are High Courts, Federal Shariat Courts (one in each province and one in the federal capital), District Courts (one in each district), Judicial Magistrate Courts (in every town and city), Executive Magistrate Courts and Civil Courts.", "Pakistan's penal code has limited jurisdiction in the Tribal Areas, where law is largely derived from tribal customs." ]

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[ "Hematopathology is the study of diseases of blood cells (White blood cells, red blood cells, platelets) and cells/tissues/organs comprising the hematopoietic system.", "The term hematopoietic system refers to tissues and organs that produce and/or primarily host hematopoietic cells and include bone marrow, lymph node, thymus, spleen, and other lymphoid tissues.", "In the United States, hematopathology is a board certified subspecialty (American Board of Pathology) practiced by those physicians who have completed general pathology residency (anatomic, clinical, or combined) and an additional year of fellowship training in hematology.", "The hematopathologist reviews biopsies of lymph nodes, bone marrows and other tissues involved by an infiltrate of cells of the hematopoietic system.", "In addition, the hematopathologist may be in charge of flow cytometric and/or molecular hematopathology studies.", "After the hematopathologist makes the diagnosis, the hematologist or hemato-oncologist can make a decision about the best course of action." ]

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[ "Stereotactic radiation is a specialized type of external beam radiation therapy.", "It uses focused radiation beams targeting a well-defined tumor using extremely detailed imaging scans.", "Radiation oncologists perform stereotactic treatments, often with the help of a neurosurgeon for tumors in the brain or spine.", "There are two types of stereotactic radiation.", "Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is when doctors use a single or several stereotactic radiation treatments of the brain or spine.", "Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) refers to one or several stereotactic radiation treatments with the body, such as the lungs.", "Some doctors say an advantage to stereotactic treatments are they deliver the right amount of radiation to the cancer in a shorter amount of time than traditional treatments, which can often take six to 11 weeks.", "Plus treatments are given with extreme accuracy, which should limit the effect of the radiation on healthy tissues.", "One problem with stereotactic treatments is that they are only suitable for certain small tumors.", "Stereotactic treatments can be confusing because many hospitals call the treatments by the name of the manufacturer rather than calling it SRS or SBRT.", "Brand names for these treatments include Axesse, Cyberknife, Gamma Knife, Novalis, Primatom, Synergy, X-Knife, TomoTherapy, Trilogy and Truebeam.", "This list changes as equipment manufacturers continue to develop new, specialized technologies to treat cancers." ]

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[ "Meanwhile, the northernmost part of the battlefield was also witnessing heavy fighting.", "Prince Liechtenstein's heavy cavalry began to assault Kellerman's lighter cavalry forces after eventually arriving at the correct position in the field.", "The fighting initially went well for the French, but Kellerman's forces took cover behind General Caffarelli's infantry division once it became clear Russian numbers were too great.", "Caffarelli's men halted the Russian assaults and permitted Murat to send two cuirassier divisions (one commanded by d'Hautpoul and the other one by Nansouty) into the fray to finish off the Russian cavalry for good.", "The ensuing mêlée was bitter and long, but the French ultimately prevailed.", "Lannes then led his V Corps against Bagration's men and after hard fighting managed to drive the skilled Russian commander off the field.", "He wanted to pursue, but Murat, who was in control of this sector in the battlefield, was against the idea.", "Napoleon's focus now shifted towards the southern end of the battlefield where the French and the Allies were still fighting over Sokolnitz and Telnitz.", "In an effective double-pronged assault, St. Hilaire's division and part of Davout's III Corps smashed through the enemy at Sokolnitz and persuaded the commanders of the first two columns, Generals Kienmayer and Langeron, to flee as fast as they could.", "Buxhowden, the commander of the Allied left and the man responsible for leading the attack, was completely drunk and fled as well.", "Kienmayer covered his withdrawal with the O'Reilly light cavalry, who gallantly managed to defeat five of six French cavalry regiments before they too had to retreat.", "General panic now seized the Allied army and it abandoned the field in all possible directions.", "A famous episode occurred during this retreat: Russian forces that had been defeated by the French right withdrew south towards Vienna via the Satschan frozen ponds.", "French artillery pounded towards the men, and the ice was broken due to the bombardment.", "The men drowned in the cold ponds, dozens of Russian artillery pieces going down with them.", "Estimates of how many guns were captured differ: there may have been as few as 38 or more than 100.", "Sources also differ about casualties, with figures ranging between 200 and 2,000 dead.", "Many drowning Russians were saved by their victorious foes.", "However, local evidence, only later made public, suggests that Napoleon's account of the catastrophe may have been totally invented; on the emperor's instructions the lakes were drained a few days after the battle and the corpses of only two or three men, with some 150 horses, were found." ]

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[ "She toured from January–May 2010 with contemporary synthpop artist Owl City in Canada, USA, and Europe.", "Lights is featured on Owl City's song \"The Yacht Club\" on his album \"All Things Bright and Beautiful\" which was released on June 14, 2011, as well as appearing in the music video for another one of Owl City's songs \"Deer in the Headlights.\"", "Plans for future duets are in the works.", "She was also in the summer 2010 Lilith Fair official lineup.", "She went on a two week solo UK tour in May 2010 being supported by fellow Canadian artist Rich Aucoin for most of her shows.", "Additionally, Lights was a special guest for pop-rock band Hedley's The Show Must Go... On The Road Tour, as well as These Kids Wear Crowns.", "Lights released an acoustic EP titled \"Acoustic\" in July 2010.", "Her debut for the album was at the University of Waterloo, where she had received most of her inspiration for the album.", "That same month, she began her six-date tour around the US, performing her songs acoustically.", "In September, she toured with Hedley for eight dates on the Ontario leg of their Canadian tour.", "In October 2010, Bring Me The Horizon's album \"There Is a Hell, Believe Me I've Seen It.", "There Is a Heaven, Let's Keep It a Secret\" featured Lights as a guest vocalist on the songs \"Crucify Me\" and \"Don't Go.\"", "She is also featured on The Secret Handshake's song \"Used to be Sweet\" from their album \"Night and Day\".", "In October 2010, Lights released \"My Boots.\"", "She also left on her headlining tour with Jeremy Fisher.", "On June 18, 2011 at the Utopia Music Festival, Lights performed three new songs called \"Toes,\" \"Where the Fence is Low,\" and \"Everybody Breaks a Glass.", "\"The single \"Toes\" was released on August 16, 2011 as the first single to Lights' second studio album, \"Siberia\".", "After signing with Last Gang Records her album was delayed due to criticism from the label executives.", "Though reluctant to tell full details of delays, the shift in style to a more gritty sound was a risk worried about by Last Gang Records.", "The full-length album was released online in the US and Canada on October 4, 2011 and went on iTunes stores in Australia on October 28.", "Siberia received positive reviews from many critics and was nominated for a Juno Award for Best Pop Album of the Year.", "Lights says her favorite song on \"Siberia\" is \"Flux and Flow.", "\"In July 2012, Lights's husband revealed that she was working on an acoustic version of \"Siberia\".", "She seconded this by posting a photo on Twitter shortly after with a piano and acoustic guitars with the caption, \"My station today.", "Kind of intimidating...\"On March 15, 2013, Lights released an acoustic version of \"Cactus in the Valley\" featuring Owl City as a single in the UK.", "The album, \"Siberia Acoustic\", was released on April 30, 2013, and reached Number 7 in Canada.", "She toured select dates around North America in support of the album, with Dear Rouge opening select dates and Lianne La Havas opening other select dates." ]

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[ "The series revolves around Piper Chapman (Taylor Schilling), a woman living in New York City who is sentenced to 15 months in a women's federal prison for transporting a suitcase full of drug money to her former girlfriend, Alex Vause (Laura Prepon), who is an international drug smuggler.", "The offense occurred ten years prior to the start of the series, and in that time Piper had moved on to a quiet, law-abiding life among New York's upper middle class.", "While in prison, Piper is reunited with Alex, and they re-examine their relationship and deal with the tough inmates." ]

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[ "Turkey has the second largest standing armed force in NATO, after the US Armed Forces, with an estimated strength of 495,000 deployable forces, according to a 2011 NATO estimate.", "Turkey is one of five NATO member states which are part of the nuclear sharing policy of the alliance, together with Belgium, Germany, Italy, and the Netherlands.", "A total of 90 B61 nuclear bombs are hosted at the Incirlik Air Base, 40 of which are allocated for use by the Turkish Air Force in case of a nuclear conflict, but their use requires the approval of NATO.", "The Turkish Armed Forces consists of the Land Forces, the Naval Forces and the Air Force.", "The Gendarmerie and the Coast Guard operate as parts of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in peacetime, although they are subordinated to the Army and Navy Commands respectively in wartime, during which they have both internal law enforcement and military functions.", "The Chief of the General Staff is appointed by the President and is responsible to the Prime Minister.", "The Council of Ministers is responsible to the Parliament for matters of national security and the adequate preparation of the armed forces to defend the country.", "However, the authority to declare war and to deploy the Turkish Armed Forces to foreign countries or to allow foreign armed forces to be stationed in Turkey rests solely with the Parliament.", "The actual Commander of the Armed Forces is the Chief of the General Staff General Necdet Özel since 4 August 2011.", "Every fit male Turkish citizen otherwise not barred is required to serve in the military for a period ranging from three weeks to a year, dependent on education and job location.", "Turkey does not recognise conscientious objection and does not offer a civilian alternative to military service." ]

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[ "A chop is the defensive, backspin counterpart to the offensive loop drive.", "A chop is essentially a bigger, heavier push, taken well back from the table.", "The racket face points primarily horizontally, perhaps a little bit upward, and the direction of the stroke is straight down.", "The object of a defensive chop is to match the topspin of the opponent's shot with backspin.", "A good chop will float nearly horizontally back to the table, in some cases having so much backspin that the ball actually \"rises\".", "Such a chop can be \"extremely\" difficult to return due to its enormous amount of backspin.", "Some defensive players can also impart no-spin or sidespin variations of the chop." ]

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[ "The Portuguese government is heavily indebted, and received a 78 billion euro bailout from the European Union and the International Monetary Fund in May 2011.", "The ratio of Portugal’s debt to its overall economy, was 107 percent when it received the bailout.", "As part of the deal, the country agreed to cut its budget deficit from 9.8 percent of GDP in 2010 to 5.9 percent in 2011, 4.5 percent in 2012 and 3 percent in 2013.", "After the bailout was announced, the Portuguese government headed by Pedro Passos Coelho managed to implement measures with the intention of improve the State's financial situation, including tax hikes, a freeze of civil service-related lower-wages and cuts of higher-wages by 14.3%, on top of the government's spending cuts.", "The Portuguese government also agreed to eliminate its golden share in Portugal Telecom which gave it veto power over vital decisions.", "In 2012, all public servants had already seen an average wage cut of 20% relative to their 2010 baseline, with cuts reaching 25% for those earning more than 1,500 euro per month.", "The IMF, the European Commission and the European Central Bank said in September 2012 that Portugal’s debt would peak at 124 percent of gross domestic product in 2014.", "The IMF previously said in July 2012 that Portugal’s debt would peak at about 118.5 percent of GDP in 2013.", "In September 2013, the Portuguese Government reviewed again the public debt of Portugal for 2013 to 127.8 percent, after a peak of 130.9 percent in that month.", "A report released in January 2011 by the Diário de Notícias and published in Portugal by Gradiva, had demonstrated that in the period between the Carnation Revolution in 1974 and 2010, the democratic Portuguese Republic governments encouraged over-expenditure and investment bubbles through unclear Public–private partnerships and funding of numerous ineffective and unnecessary external consultancy and advisory of committees and firms.", "This allowed considerable slippage in state-managed public works and inflated top management and head officer bonuses and wages.", "Persistent and lasting recruitment policies boosted the number of redundant public servants.", "Risky credit, public debt creation, and European structural and cohesion funds were mismanaged across almost four decades.", "After the financial crisis of 2007–2008, it was known in 2008–2009 that two Portuguese banks (Banco Português de Negócios (BPN) and Banco Privado Português (BPP)) had been accumulating losses for years due to bad investiments, embezzlement and accounting fraud.", "The case of BPN was particularly serious because of its size, market share, and the political implications - Portugal's then current President, Cavaco Silva, and some of his political allies, maintained personal and business relationships with the bank and its CEO, who was eventually charged and arrested for fraud and other crimes.", "In the grounds of avoiding a potentially serious financial crisis in the Portuguese economy, the Portuguese government decided to give them a bailout, eventually at a future loss to taxpayers and to the Portuguese people in general." ]

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[ "Seventeen-year-old high school student Scott Howard is sick of being average and wishing he were special.", "His father runs a local hardware store.", "Scott plays basketball for his high school's team, the Beavers, with a not-so-good win-loss record.", "The girl of his dreams, Pamela Wells, is dating Mick McAllister, a jerk from an opposing high school team, the Dragons.", "After another of the team's losses, Scott begins to notice strange changes to his body.", "While at a party, Scott keeps undergoing changes and eventually he returns home, locks himself in the bathroom, and undergoes a complete change and becomes a werewolf, while his father demands that he open the door.", "He tries to refuse, only to finally give in and find his father has also transformed.", "Harold never told his son about the condition because \"sometimes it skips a generation\" and he was hoping it would not happen to Scott.", "Scott accidentally reveals his transformation to the public at one of his basketball games.", "After momentarily stunning the crowd with The Wolf, Scott goes on to amaze them with his basketball skills.", "Scott subsequently learns to use his family \"curse\" to gain popularity at school, becoming the team's star basketball player, and learns to transform at will between his normal self and The Wolf.", "His team goes from last to first, and Scott begins spending most of his time at school as The Wolf.", "He also wins the interest of Pamela while ignoring the affections of his best friend, Boof, who has loved him since childhood.", "One night at a school dance, however, he gets into a confrontation with Mick causing Scott to become The Wolf and claw Mick.", "Though Mick isn't seriously injured, the crowd starts looking at Scott as a monster rather than the cool basketball star he had become.", "The conclusion of the film finds Scott playing in the championship basketball game as himself against Mick's team.", "During the game Mick constantly fouls Scott leading Scott to remind him if he keeps fouling he will be benched.", "Mick fouls him one last time leading Scott to shoot two free throws.", "He makes both baskets putting the Beavers ahead and wins the game.", "While Scott is being carried by the crowd, Pamela walks over to him, but he snubs her and runs over to Boof where they kiss.", "Mick goes to get Pamela, who now has lost interest in the former basketball hero.", "The last scene shows Scott, Boof, and Mr. Howard embracing as the whole school celebrates." ]

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[ "The series premiere (Tuesday, March 29, 2011) drew 14 million viewers.", "It finished in the top 10 in Nielsen ratings for the week, and was the second-most watched premiere of the 2010–11 season, following the CBS series \"Hawaii Five-0\".", "ABC ran the second episode on Sunday April 3, 2011; it dropped to 8.5 million viewers.", "The third episode aired two days later and drew 11 million viewers; the show again won its time slot.", "The first season averaged 13.68 million viewers making it the second most-watched scripted drama on ABC." ]

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[ "Taekwondo or (Korean 태권도 (hangul) / 跆拳道 (hanja), ) is a Korean martial art.", "It combines combat and self-defense techniques with sport and exercise.", "\"Gyeorugi\" (), a type of sparring, has been an Olympic event since 2000.", "Taekwondo was developed by a variety of Korean masters during the 1940s as partial combination of taekkyeon, Okinawan karate, and other traditions.", "The name \"taekwondo\" was coined by Choi Hong Hi (of the Oh Do Kwan).", "The World Taekwondo Federation claims that taekwondo development was a collaborative effort by a council consisting of members from the nine original kwans, while the International Taekwon-Do Federation credits Choi Hong Hi solely.", "\"Traditional taekwondo\" typically refers to the martial art as it was established in the 1950s and 1960s in the South Korean military and in various civilian organizations, including schools and universities.", "In particular, the names and symbolism of the both the traditional patterns and the newer poomsae often refer to elements of Korean history, culture and religious philosophy.", "This symbolism is replicated in the Korean flag.", "\"Sport taekwondo\" was developed in the 1950s and may have a somewhat different focus, especially in terms of its emphasis on speed and competition (as in Olympic sparring).", "Sport taekwondo is in turn subdivided into two main styles.", "One style is practiced by International Taekwon-Do adherents and was created in 1955 by Choi Hong Hi.", "The other style derives from Kukkiwon, the source of the sparring system \"sihap gyeorugi\".", "This style is now an event at the summer Olympic Games and is governed by the World Taekwondo Federation (WTF).", "Kukkiwon (World Taekwondo Headquarters) is the traditional center for WTF taekwondo and was founded in 1973 by Dr. Kim Un Yong.", "Although there are doctrinal and technical differences between sparring in the two main styles and among the various organizations, the art in general emphasizes kicks and punches thrown from a mobile stance.", "Taekwondo training generally includes a system of blocks, kicks, punches, and open-handed strikes and may also include various take-downs or sweeps, throws, and joint locks.", "Pressure points, known as \"jiapsul\", are used, as well as grabbing self-defense techniques borrowed from other martial arts such as Japanese judo, Korean hapkido, and Korean wrestling or ssireum.", "In Korean, \"tae\" (태, ) means \"to strike or break with the foot\"; \"kwon\" (권, ) means \"to strike or break with the fist\"; and \"do\" (도, ) means \"way of life\".", "Thus, \"taekwondo\" may be loosely translated as \"the way of the foot and the hand.\"", "The name \"taekwondo\" is also written as \"taekwon-do\", \"tae kwon-do\", or \"tae kwon do\" by various organizations." ]

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[ "", "\"The Invisible War\" features interviews with veterans from multiple branches of the United States Armed Forces who recount the events surrounding their assaults.", "Their stories show many common themes, such as the lack of recourse to an impartial justice system, reprisals against survivors instead of against perpetrators, the absence of adequate emotional and physical care for survivors, the unhindered advancement of perpetrators' careers, and the forced expulsion of survivors from service.", "Interspersed with these first person testimonies are interviews with advocates, journalists, mental health professionals, active duty and retired generals, Department of Defense officials, and members of the military justice system.", "The film also includes footage, often shot by the veterans themselves, which documents their lives and continuing struggles in the aftermath of their assaults.", "In the film's most prominent narrative, Coast Guard veteran Seaman Kori Cioca struggles to earn benefits from the Department of Veterans Affairs to pay for the many medical difficulties that have resulted from her rape.", "With the help of attorney Susan L. Burke, Cioca, along with other survivors featured in the film, brings a civil suit against the Department of Defense alleging a failure to adequately address sexual assault within the military.", "Other past incidents of sexual abuse recounted in the film include the 1991 Navy Tailhook scandal, the 1996 Army Aberdeen scandal, and the 2003 Air Force Academy scandal.", "\"The Invisible War\" uses these examples to argue that the military has consistently made empty promises to address its high rate of sexual assault.", "These stories culminate with an examination of the previously unreported culture of sexual harassment and sexual assault at the prestigious Marine Barracks Washington.", "The survivors and advocates featured in the film call for changes to the way the military handles sexual assault, such as shifting prosecution away from unit commanders, who often are either friends with assailants or are assailants themselves." ]

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[ "On 24 April 1933 the \"New York World-Telegram\" newspaper published an article attacking the mural as anti-capitalist propaganda.", "A few days later Rivera added the portrait of Lenin to the work.", "This precipitated a major controversy by May.", "The bad publicity greatly upset Rockefeller.", "Rivera was asked to remove the picture of Lenin, but refused, instead offering to add Abraham Lincoln to the work as way of a compromise.", "Rockefeller then left the decision about the future of the mural to Todd-Robertson-Todd.", "Rivera was fully paid the promised amount for his work, but the mural was covered in drapery and left incomplete.", "Despite protests from art lovers and attempts to get it to moved to the Museum of Modern Art, it remained covered until the early weeks of 1934, when it was destroyed by workmen.", "The destruction caused widespread controversy.", "Ralph Stackpole and Bernard Zakheim (who headed a group of artists commissioned by the WPA to paint murals at the Coit Tower in San Francisco) protested, and also included references to the incident in the form of headlines in newspapers held by figures in their paintings.", "The Rockefeller Center commissioned a mural by Jose Maria Sert entitled \"American Progress\" to replace Rivera's work.", "It used Abraham Lincoln as its focal point." ]

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[ "Six Flags has licensed its name and its theme park creations to other companies, who have used these assets to create licensed products.", "One such example is the theme park simulation game Roller Coaster Tycoon 2, which featured recreations of Six Flags parks and rides that could be expanded and operated at the player's discretion.", "Six Flags has also partnered with Brash Entertainment to create a video game called Six Flags Fun Park.", "It allows the player to explore the themed areas and mini-games representative of a visit to a Six Flags park.", "In the game, players are tasked with quests that encourage them to explore the park's universe.", "After creating a unique custom character, Six Flags Fun Park patrons can win prizes, and compete with other players in 40 mini-games.", "Although the video game is called \"Six Flags Fun Park\", it lacks any major reference of Six Flags.", "This caused some to speculate that the video game was created then the rights to the name of the game were sold as a way to pay for the game's development.", "In recent years, Six Flags has created strategic partnerships with other companies who would feature their products inside the parks.", "On March 30, 2006, Six Flags announced that it will sell no other pizza besides Papa John's at its parks.", "In turn, Six Flags will receive an annual sponsorship and promotional opportunities from Papa John's, though financial details of the deal have not been disclosed.", "However, in the 2011 season, it was replaced by another pizza brand.", "Other recent partners have included Cold Stone Creamery, Johnny Rockets, Tyson Foods (chicken), Chrysler, and Nintendo, which added testing stations in several parks to show off its Wii console.", "In late 2010, Six Flags began the process of removing licensed theming from attractions.", "They terminated licenses with Thomas the Tank Engine, The Wiggles, Tony Hawk, Evel Knievel, and Terminator." ]

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[ "The features that became Niagara Falls were created by the Wisconsin glaciation about 10,000 years ago.", "The same forces also created the North American Great Lakes and the Niagara River.", "All were dug by a continental ice sheet that drove through the area, deepening some river channels to form lakes, and damming others with debris.", "Scientists argue that there is an old valley, buried by glacial drift, at the approximate location of the present Welland Canal.", "When the ice melted, the upper Great Lakes emptied into the Niagara river, which followed the rearranged topography across the Niagara Escarpment.", "In time, the river cut a gorge through the north facing cliff, or cuesta.", "Because of the interactions of three major rock formations, the rocky bed did not erode evenly.", "The top rock formation was composed of erosion-resistant limestone and Lockport dolostone.", "That hard layer of stone eroded more slowly than the underlying materials.", "The aerial photo on the right clearly shows the hard caprock, the Lockport Formation (Middle Silurian), which underlies the rapids above the falls, and approximately the upper third of the high gorge wall.", "Immediately below the hard-rock formation, comprising about two thirds of the cliff, lay the weaker, softer, sloping Rochester Formation (Lower Silurian).", "This formation was composed mainly of shale, though it has some thin limestone layers.", "It also contains ancient fossils.", "In time, the river eroded the soft layer that supported the hard layers, undercutting the hard caprock, which gave way in great chunks.", "This process repeated countless times, eventually carving out the falls.", "Submerged in the river in the lower valley, hidden from view, is the Queenston Formation (Upper Ordovician), which is composed of shales and fine sandstones.", "All three formations were laid down in an ancient sea, their differences of character deriving from changing conditions within that sea.", "About 10,900 years ago, the Niagara Falls was located between present-day Queenston, Ontario, and Lewiston, New York, but erosion of their crest has caused the waterfalls to retreat approximately southward.", "The Horseshoe Falls, which are approximately wide, have also changed their shape through the process of erosion; evolving from a small arch, to a horseshoe bend, to the present day gigantic inverted V. Just upstream from the falls' current location, Goat Island splits the course of the Niagara River, resulting in the separation of the Canadian Horseshoe Falls to the west from the American and Bridal Veil Falls to the east.", "Engineering has slowed erosion and recession." ]

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[ "Uncooked croissant can also be wrapped around any praline, almond paste or chocolate before it is baked (in the last case, it becomes like \"pain au chocolat\", which has a different, non-crescent, shape), or sliced to admit sweet or savoury fillings.", "Indeed, it may be flavoured with dried fruit such as sultanas or raisins, or other fruits such as apples.", "In France and Spain, croissants are generally sold without filling and eaten without added butter, but sometimes with almond filling.", "In the United States, sweet fillings or toppings are common, and warm croissants may be filled with ham and cheese or feta cheese and spinach.", "In the Levant, croissants are sold plain or filled with chocolate, cheese, almonds, or zaatar.", "In Germany, croissants are sometimes filled with Nutella or persipan; in Southern Germany there also is a popular variety of a croissant glazed with lye (\"Laugencroissant\").", "In the German-speaking part of Switzerland, the croissant is typically called a \"Gipfeli\" [g̥ɪp͡fəli], which typically has a crisper crust and is less buttery than the French style croissant." ]

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[ "Lebanon is located in Western Asia between latitudes 33° and 35° N and longitudes 35° and 37° E. The country's surface area is of which is land.", "Lebanon has a coastline and border of on the Mediterranean sea to the west, a border shared with Syria to the north and east and a long border with Israel to the south.", "The border with the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights is disputed by Lebanon in a small area called Shebaa Farms.", "Lebanon is divided into four distinct physiographic regions: the coastal plain, the Lebanon mountain range, the Beqaa valley and the Anti-Lebanon mountains.", "The narrow and discontinuous coastal plain stretches from the Syrian border in the north where it widens to form the Akkar plain to Ras al-Naqoura at the border with Israel in the south.", "The fertile coastal plain is formed of marine sediments and river deposited alluvium alternating with sandy bays and rocky beaches.", "The Lebanon mountains rise steeply parallel to the Mediterranean coast and form a ridge of limestone and sandstone that runs for most of the country's length.", "The mountain range varies in width between and ; it is carved by narrow and deep gorges.", "The Lebanon mountains peak at above sea level in Qurnat as Sawda' in North Lebanon and gradually slope to the south before rising again to a height of in Mount Sannine.", "The Beqaa valley sits between the Lebanon mountains in the west and the Anti-Lebanon range in the east; it's a part of the Great Rift Valley system.", "The valley is long and wide, its fertile soil is formed by alluvial deposits.", "The Anti-Lebanon range runs parallel to the Lebanon mountains, its highest peak is in Mount Hermon at .", "The mountains of Lebanon are drained by seasonal torrents and rivers foremost of which is the long Leontes that rises in the Beqaa Valley to the west of Baalbek and empties into the Mediterranean Sea north of Tyre." ]

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[ "Donna Nelson, a professor of organic chemistry at the University of Oklahoma, checked scripts and provided dialogue.", "She also drew chemical structures and wrote chemical equations which were used as props.", "According to creator Vince Gilligan, \"Dr. Donna Nelson from the University of Oklahoma approached us several seasons back and said, 'I really like this show, and if you ever need help with the chemistry, I'd love to lend a hand.'", "She's been a wonderful advisor.", "We get help wherever we need it, whether it's chemistry, electrical engineering, or physics.", "We try to get everything correct.", "There's no full-time on set, but we run certain scenes by these experts first.\"", "\"[Because Walter White was talking to his students, I was able to dumb down certain moments of description and dialogue in the early episodes which held me until we had some help from some honest-to-God chemists,\" says Gilligan.", "According to Gilligan, Nelson \"vets our scripts to make sure our chemistry dialogue is accurate and up to date.", "We also have a chemist with the Drug Enforcement Administration based out of Dallas who has just been hugely helpful to us.\"", "Nelson spoke of Gilligan's interest in having the science right: \" said it made a difference to him.", "\"In 2013, two scenes from the first season of \"Breaking Bad\" were put under scrutiny in a \"Mythbusters\" \"Breaking Bad\" Special.", "Despite several modifications to what was seen in the show, both myths were busted.", "Jason Wallach of Vice magazine commended the accuracy of the cooking methods presented in the series.", "In early episodes, a once common clandestine route, the Nagai red phosphorus/iodine method, is depicted, which uses pseudoephedrine as a precursor to d-(+)-methamphetamine.", "By the seventh episode of season 1 \"A No Rough-Stuff-Type Deal\" Walt chooses to use a different synthetic route based on the difficulty of acquiring enough pseudoephedrine to produce on the larger scale required.", "The new method Walt chooses is a reductive amination reaction, relying on phenyl-2-propanone and methylamine.", "On the show the phenyl-2-propane, otherwise known as phenylacetone or P2P is produced from phenylacetic acid and acetic acid using a tube furnace and thorium dioxide or ThO2 as a catalyst as mentioned in episodes \"A No Rough-Stuff-Type Deal\" and \"Más\".", "P2P and methylamine form an imine intermediate, reduction of this P2P-methylamine imine intermediate is performed using mercury aluminum amalgam as shown in several episodes including \"Hazard Pay\"." ]

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[ "Season nine begins with Ross and Rachel living together as roommates with baby Emma.", "Monica and Chandler try to conceive a baby of their own but find out that they are unable to, due to health restrictions.", "Phoebe begins dating Mike Hannigan (Paul Rudd), and chooses to be with him over her ex-boyfriend David (Hank Azaria).", "Rachel and Emma move in with Joey in the middle of the season, and Rachel develops romantic feelings for him, while the rest of the \"friends\" try hard to get Ross and Rachel back together.", "The group travels to Barbados in the finale to hear Ross give a keynote speech at a palaeontology conference.", "Joey and his girlfriend Charlie (Aisha Tyler) break up, and she begins a relationship with Ross.", "Joey and Rachel's feelings for each other return, and the finale ends with them kissing." ]

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[ "Swimming as a sport predominantly involves competition among participants to be the fastest over a given distance under self propulsion.", "Different distances are swum in different levels of competition.", "For example, swimming has been part of Olympic Swimming since 1896, and the current program contains events from 50m to 1500m in length, across all four main strokes and medley.", "The sport is governed internationally by the Fédération Internationale de Natation (FINA), and competition pools for FINA events are 25 or 50 metres in length.", "In the United States of America, USA Swimming is the governing body and a pool 25 yards in length is commonly used for competition.", "There are other swimming and water related sporting disciplines including diving, synchronised swimming and water polo, as well as sports which include a swimming element, such as triathlon and modern pentathlon." ]

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[ "Nurse Jackie is an American medical dark satirical comedy-drama series.", "It premiered on Showtime, Movie Central, and The Movie Network, on June 8, 2009.", "The show stars Edie Falco as the title character Jackie Peyton, an emergency department nurse at All Saints' Hospital in New York City.", "For Jackie, \"every day is a high wire act of juggling patients, doctors, fellow nurses, and her own indiscretions.\"", "-->" ]

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[ " \"St. Mark\" (1411–1413), Orsanmichele, Florence", " St. George Tabernacle (c. 1415–1417) — Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence", " \"Prophet Habacuc\" (1423–1425) — Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, Florence", " \"The Feast of Herod\" (c. 1425) — Baptismal font, Baptistry of San Giovanni, Siena", " \"David\" (c. 1425–1430) — Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence", " \"Madonna of the Clouds\" (c. 1425–35) marble relief, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston", " \"Equestrian Monument of Gattamelata\" (1445–1450) — Piazza del Santo, Padua", " \"Magdalene Penitent\" (c. 1455) — Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, Florence", " \"Judith and Holofernes\" (1455–1460) — Palazzo Vecchio, Florence", " \"Virgin and Child with Four Angels\" or \"Chellini Madonna\" (1456), Victoria and Albert Museum" ]

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[ "Digital download", " \"Somebody That I Used to Know\" – 4:04", " \"Somebody That I Used to Know\" (Radio Mix) – 3:33", "Digital download – Remix", " \"Somebody That I Used to Know\" – 4:33", "7\" Vinyl single", " \"Somebody That I Used to Know\" – 4:04", " \"Bronte\" – 3:13", "CD single", " \"Somebody That I Used to Know\" – 4:04", " \"Easy Way Out\" – 1:57" ]

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[ "The dissolution and destruction of the monasteries and shrines was very unpopular in many areas.", "In the north of England, centering on Yorkshire and Lincolnshire, the suppression of the monasteries led to a popular rising, the Pilgrimage of Grace, that threatened the Crown for some weeks.", "In 1536 there were major, popular uprisings in Lincolnshire and Yorkshire and a further rising in Norfolk the following year.", "Rumours were spread that the King was going to strip the parish churches too, and even tax cattle and sheep.", "The rebels called for an end to the dissolution of the monasteries, for the removal of Cromwell, and for Henry's daughter, and eldest child, the Catholic Mary to be named as successor in place of his younger son, Edward.", "Henry defused the movement with solemn promises, all of which went unkept, and then summarily executed the leaders.", "However, when Mary succeeded to the throne in 1553, her hopes for a revival of English religious life proved a failure.", "Westminster Abbey, which had been retained as a cathedral, reverted to being a monastery; while the communities of the Bridgettine nuns and of the Observant Franciscans, which had gone into exile in the reign of Henry VIII, were able to return to their former houses at Syon and Greenwich respectively.", "A small group of fifteen surviving Carthusians was re-established in their old house at Sheen, as also were eight Dominican canonesses in Dartford.", "A house of Dominican friars was established at Smithfield, but this was only possible through importing professed religious from Holland and Spain, and Mary's hopes of further refoundations foundered, as she found it very difficult to persuade former monks and nuns to resume the religious life; consequently schemes for restoring the abbeys at Glastonbury and St Albans failed for lack of volunteers.", "All the refounded houses were in properties that had remained in Crown possession; but, in spite of much prompting, none of Mary's lay supporters would co-operate in returning their holdings of monastic lands to religious use; while the lay lords in Parliament proved unremittingly hostile, as a revival of the \"mitred\" abbeys would have returned the House of Lords to having an ecclesiastical majority.", "Moreover, there remained a widespread suspicion that the return of religious communities to their former premises might call into question the legal title of lay purchasers of monastic land, and accordingly all Mary's foundations were technically new communities in law.", "In 1554 Cardinal Pole, the Papal Legate, negotiated a papal dispensation allowing the new owners to retain the former monastic lands, and in return Parliament enacted the heresy laws in January 1555.", "When Mary died and was succeeded by her sister Elizabeth, five of the six revived communities left again to exile in continental Europe.", "An Act of Elizabeth's first parliament dissolved the refounded houses; but although Elizabeth offered to allow the monks in Westminster to remain in place with restored pensions if they took the Oath of Supremacy and conformed to the new Book of Common Prayer, all refused and dispersed unpensioned.", "In less than 20 years, the monastic impulse had effectively been extinguished in England; and was only revived, even amongst Catholics, in the very different form of the new and reformed counter-reformation orders, such as the Jesuits." ]

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[ "How to Survive a Plague is a 2012 American documentary film about the early years of the AIDS epidemic, and the efforts of ACT UP and TAG.", "It was directed by David France, a journalist who covered AIDS from its beginnings.", "For France it was his first film.", "He dedicated it to his partner whom he lost to AIDS-related pneumonia in 1992.", "The documentary was produced using more than 700 hours of archived footage which included news coverage, interviews as well as film of demonstrations, meetings and conferences taken by ACT UP members themselves.", "France says they knew what they were doing was historic, and that many of them would die.", "The film, which opened in select theatres across the United States on September 21, 2012, also includes footage of a demonstration during mass at St. Patrick's Cathedral in 1989." ]

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[ "Olympic weightlifting uses a steel bar with rotating sleeves (also known as a barbell) which hold rubber-coated discs of different weights.", "The weight plates, typically referred to as \"bumper plates\" because of their rubber design, weigh between 0.5kg and 25kg.", "These plates are secured to the bar using collars on each sleeve that weigh exactly 2.5kg each.", "Lifters typically wear a one-piece, close-fitting leotard often called a singlet.", "The wearing of a t-shirt underneath the singlet is optional.", "A weightlifting belt of 120mm maximum width may also be worn to provide lower back support.", "Perhaps the piece of equipment most peculiar to Olympic weightlifting are the shoes worn by lifters.", "Weightlifting shoes are typically designed with a raised heel of 0.5\" to 1.5\" and one or two metatarsal straps that tighten across the instep of the shoe.", "The shoes are designed for maximum stability while remaining flexible in the toebox.", "This allows the lifter to come up on their toes and catch the weight on the ball of their back foot during the \"jerk\" movement of their lift.", "The raised heel helps the lifter maintain an upright torso while catching the bar and also allows for a deeper squat under the bar." ]

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[ "It is unclear whether new elements will continue the pattern of the current periodic table as period 8, or require further adaptations or adjustments.", "Seaborg expected the eighth period to follow the previously established pattern exactly, so that it would include a two-element s-block for elements 119 and 120, a new g-block for the next 18 elements, and 30 additional elements continuing the current f-, d-, and p-blocks.", "More recently, physicists such as Pekka Pyykkö have theorized that these additional elements do not follow the Madelung rule, which predicts how electron shells are filled and thus affects the appearance of the present periodic table." ]

[]

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[ "In 1915 the reason for nuclear charge being quantized in units of Z, which were now recognized to be the same as the element number, was not understood.", "An old idea called Prout's hypothesis had postulated that the elements were all made of residues (or \"protyles\") of the lightest element hydrogen, which in the Bohr-Rutherford model had a single electron and a nuclear charge of one.", "However, as early as 1907 Rutherford and Thomas Royds had shown that alpha particles, which had a charge of +2, were the nuclei of helium atoms, which had a mass four times that of hydrogen, not two times.", "If Prout's hypothesis were true, something had to be neutralizing some of the charge of the hydrogen nuclei present in the nuclei of heavier atoms.", "In 1917 Rutherford succeeded in generating hydrogen nuclei from a nuclear reaction between alpha particles and nitrogen gas, and believed he had proven Prout's law.", "He called the new heavy nuclear particles protons in 1920 (alternate names being proutons and protyles).", "It had been immediately apparent from the work of Moseley that the nuclei of heavy atoms have more than twice as much mass as would be expected from their being made of hydrogen nuclei, and thus there was required a hypothesis for the neutralization of the extra protons presumed present in all heavy nuclei.", "A helium nucleus was presumed to be composed of four protons plus two \"nuclear electrons\" (electrons bound inside the nucleus) to cancel two of the charges.", "At the other end of the periodic table, a nucleus of gold with a mass 197 times that of hydrogen, was thought to contain 118 nuclear electrons in the nucleus to give it a residual charge of + 79, consistent with its atomic number." ]

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[ ";CD single", "\"Sexy and I Know It\" (album version) – 3:19", "\"Sexy and I Know It\" (Mord Fustang) – 5:21", ";Digital download", "\"Sexy and I Know It\" (Audiobot Remix) – 5:55", "\"Sexy and I Know It\" (Mord Fustang) – 5:19", "\"Sexy and I Know It\" (Tomba and Borgore Remix) – 3:41", "\"Sexy and I Know It\" (LA Riots Remix) – 5:40", "\"Sexy and I Know It\" (DallasK Remix) – 5:42", "\"Sexy and I Know It\" (Fuego's Moombahton Remix) – 3:51", "\"Sexy and I Know It\" (MADEin82 Remix) – 6:01" ]

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[ "As creators Christopher Lloyd and Steven Levitan retold stories about their families, they realized that the stories could be the basis for a show.", "They started working on the idea of a family being observed in a mockumentary-style show.", "They later decided that it could be a show about three families and their experiences.", "It was originally called \"My American Family\".", "The creators pitched it to the Big Three television networks (they did not pitch it to Fox because of issues Lloyd had with the network over \"Back to You\").", "CBS, which was not ready to use the single-camera style of filming nor ready to make another large commitment, rejected the series.", "The network had recently aired \"Welcome to The Captain\" and \"Worst Week\", two single-camera sitcoms that lasted only one season (CBS would not attempt another single-camera series until 2013, when it picked up both \"We Are Men\" and \"The Crazy Ones\" for its fall lineup; \"We Are Men\" was cancelled after two episodes).", "NBC, already broadcasting \"The Office\" and \"Parks and Recreation\", decided against taking on a third mockumentary-style show.", "ABC accepted the series and picked it up for a full season." ]

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[ "Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms.", "By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life.", "Over the last 40 years, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine are engaged in biochemical research.", "Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.", "Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life.", "Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.", "Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life.", "The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions.", "These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins.", "The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism.", "The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture.", "In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease.", "In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies.", "In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control." ]

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[ "Early National Park Service years (1933–1982).", "In 1933, President Franklin Roosevelt ordered the statue transferred to the National Park Service (NPS).", "In 1937, the NPS gained jurisdiction over the rest of Bedloe's Island.", "With the Army's departure, the NPS began to transform the island into a park.", "The Works Progress Administration (WPA) demolished most of the old buildings, regraded and reseeded the eastern end of the island, and built granite steps for a new public entrance to the statue from its rear.", "The WPA also carried out restoration work within the statue, temporarily removing the rays from the statue's halo so their rusted supports could be replaced.", "Rusted cast-iron steps in the pedestal were replaced with new ones made of reinforced concrete; the upper parts of the stairways within the statue were replaced, as well.", "Copper sheathing was installed to prevent further damage from rainwater that had been seeping into the pedestal.", "The statue was closed to the public from May until December 1938.", "During World War II, the statue remained open to visitors, although it was not illuminated at night due to wartime blackouts.", "It was lit briefly on December 31, 1943, and on D-Day, June 6, 1944, when its lights flashed \"dot-dot-dot-dash\", the Morse code for V, for victory.", "New, powerful lighting was installed in 1944–1945, and beginning on V-E Day, the statue was once again illuminated after sunset.", "The lighting was for only a few hours each evening, and it was not until 1957 that the statue was illuminated every night, all night.", "In 1946, the interior of the statue within reach of visitors was coated with a special plastic so that graffiti could be washed away.", "In 1956, an Act of Congress officially renamed Bedloe's Island as Liberty Island, a change advocated by Bartholdi generations earlier.", "The act also mentioned the efforts to found an American Museum of Immigration on the island, which backers took as federal approval of the project, though the government was slow to grant funds for it.", "Nearby Ellis Island was made part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument by proclamation of President Lyndon Johnson in 1965.", "In 1972, the immigration museum, in the statue's base, was finally opened in a ceremony led by President Richard Nixon.", "The museum's backers never provided it with an endowment to secure its future and it closed in 1991 after the opening of an immigration museum on Ellis Island.", "Beginning December 26, 1971, 15 anti-Vietnam war veterans occupied the statue, flying a US flag upside down from her crown.", "They left December 28 following a Federal Court order.", "The statue was also several times taken over briefly by demonstrators publicizing causes such as Puerto Rican independence, opposition to abortion, and opposition to US intervention in Grenada.", "Demonstrations with the permission of the Park Service included a Gay Pride Parade rally and the annual Captive Baltic Nations rally.", "A powerful new lighting system was installed in advance of the American Bicentennial in 1976.", "The statue was the focal point for Operation Sail, a regatta of tall ships from all over the world that entered New York Harbor on July 4, 1976, and sailed around Liberty Island.", "The day concluded with a spectacular display of fireworks near the statue." ]

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[ "Leonardo's early works begin with the \"Baptism of Christ\" painted in conjunction with Verrocchio.", "Two other paintings appear to date from his time at the workshop, both of which are Annunciations.", "One is small, long and high.", "It is a \"predella\" to go at the base of a larger composition, in this case a painting by Lorenzo di Credi from which it has become separated.", "The other is a much larger work, long.", "In both these Annunciations, Leonardo used a formal arrangement, such as in Fra Angelico's two well-known pictures of the same subject, of the Virgin Mary sitting or kneeling to the right of the picture, approached from the left by an angel in profile, with a rich flowing garment, raised wings and bearing a lily.", "Although previously attributed to Ghirlandaio, the larger work is now generally attributed to Leonardo.", "In the smaller picture Mary averts her eyes and folds her hands in a gesture that symbolised submission to God's will.", "In the larger picture, however, Mary is not submissive.", "The girl, interrupted in her reading by this unexpected messenger, puts a finger in her bible to mark the place and raises her hand in a formal gesture of greeting or surprise.", "This calm young woman appears to accept her role as the Mother of God, not with resignation but with confidence.", "In this painting the young Leonardo presents the humanist face of the Virgin Mary, recognising humanity's role in God's incarnation." ]

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[ "The Polish political determination to deploy forces directly at the German-Polish border, based on the Polish-British Common Defense Pact, shaped the country's defence plan, \"Plan West\".", "Poland's most valuable natural resources, industry and population were located along the western border in Eastern Upper Silesia.", "Polish policy centred on their protection especially since many politicians feared that if Poland were to retreat from the regions disputed by Germany, Britain and France would sign a separate peace treaty with Germany similar to the Munich Agreement of 1938.", "The fact that none of Poland's allies had specifically guaranteed Polish borders or territorial integrity certainly did not help in easing Polish concerns.", "For these reasons, Poland disregarded French advice to deploy the bulk of their forces behind the natural barriers such as the Vistula and San rivers, even though some Polish generals supported it as a better strategy.", "The West Plan did permit the Polish armies to retreat inside the country, but it was supposed to be a slow retreat behind prepared positions and was intended to give the armed forces time to complete its mobilization and execute a general counteroffensive with the support of the Western Allies.", "The Polish General Staff had not begun elaborating the \"West\" defence plan until 4 March 1939.", "It was assumed that the Polish Army, fighting in the initial phase of the war alone, would be compelled to defend the western regions of the country.", "The plan of operations took into account, first of all, the numerical and material superiority of the enemy and, consequently, assumed the defensive character of Polish operations.", "The Polish intentions were: the defence of the western regions judged as indispensable for waging the war, the taking advantage of the propitious conditions for counterblows by reserve units, the avoidance of being smashed before the beginning of Allied operations in the West and the making of decisions depending of the existing situation.", "The operational plan had not been elaborated in detail and concerned only the first stage of operations.", "The British and French estimated that Poland should be able to defend itself for two to three months, while Poland estimated it could do so for at least six months.", "Poland drafted its estimates based upon the expectation that the Western Allies honor their treaty obligations and quickly start an offensive of their own.", "In addition, the French and British expected the war to develop into trench warfare much like World War I.", "The Polish government was not notified of this strategy and based all of its defence plans on promises of quick relief by their Western allies.", "Polish forces were stretched thinly along the Polish-German border and lacked compact defence lines and good defence positions along disadvantageous terrain.", "This strategy also left supply lines poorly protected.", "One-third of Poland's forces were massed in or near the Polish Corridor, making them vulnerable to a double envelopment from East Prussia and the west.", "Another third were concentrated in the north-central part of the country, between the major cities of Łódź and Warsaw.", "The forward positioning of Polish forces vastly increased the difficulty of carrying out strategic maneuvers, compounded by inadequate mobility, as Polish units often lacked the ability to retreat from their defensive positions as they were being overrun by more mobile German mechanized formations.", "As the prospect of conflict increased, the British government pressed Marshal Edward Rydz-Śmigły to evacuate the most modern elements of the Polish Navy from the Baltic Sea.", "In the event of war the Polish military leaders realized that the ships which remained in the Baltic were likely to be quickly sunk by the Germans.", "Furthermore, the Danish straits were well within operating range of the German \"Kriegsmarine\" and \"Luftwaffe\", so there was little chance of an evacuation plan succeeding if implemented after hostilities began.", "Four days after the signing of the Polish-British Common Defense Pact, three destroyers of the Polish Navy executed the Peking Plan and consequently evacuated to Great Britain.", "Although the Polish military had prepared for conflict, the civilian population remained largely unprepared.", "Polish pre-war propaganda emphasized that any German invasion would be easily repelled.", "Consequently, Polish defeats during the German invasion came as a shock to the civilian population.", "Lacking training for such a disaster, the civilian population panicked and retreated east, spreading chaos, lowering troop morale and making road transportation for Polish troops very difficult." ]

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[ "The Office is a popular mockumentary/cringe comedy sitcom that was first made in the United Kingdom and has now been remade in many other countries, with overall viewership in the hundreds of millions worldwide.", "The original UK version was created by Ricky Gervais and Stephen Merchant.", "It starred Gervais as the boss and main character.", "First broadcast on BBC Two on 9 July 2001, the show ran for 14 episodes – two series of six episodes and a two-part Christmas special.", "The longest running version is the U.S. version which ran for 9 seasons from 2005 to 2013.", "The German version is also still in production and has seen 46 episodes over five seasons.", "At least the UK and US versions share the same fictional universe.", "In 2010, Gervais announced that work was starting on a Chinese version of \"The Office\"." ]

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