lch()
=====

The **`lch()`** functional notation expresses a given color in the LCH color space. It has the same L axis as `lab()`, but uses polar coordinates C (Chroma) and H (Hue).

Syntax
------


```css
lch(29.2345% 44.2 27);
lch(52.2345% 72.2 56.2);
lch(52.2345% 72.2 56.2 / .5);
```

### Values

Functional notation: `lch(L C H[ / A])`

`L`

A `<number>` between `0` and `100`, a `<percentage>` between `0%` and `100%`, or the keyword `none`, which specifies the CIE Lightness. Here the number `0` corresponds to `0%` (black) and the number `100` corresponds to `100%` (white).

`C`

A `<number>`, a `<percentage>`, or the keyword `none`, where `0%` is `0` and `100%` is the number `150`. It is a measure of the chroma (roughly representing the "amount of color"). Its minimum useful value is `0`, while its maximum is theoretically unbounded (but in practice does not exceed `230`).

`H`

A `<number>`, an `<angle>`, or the keyword `none`, which represents the hue angle. More details on this type can be found on the `<hue>` reference.

`A` Optional

An `<alpha-value>` or the keyword `none`, where the number `1` corresponds to `100%` (full opacity).



**Note:** Usually when percentage values have a numeric equivalent in CSS, `100%` is equal to the number `1`.
 This case is notable where `100%` is equal to the number `100` for the `L` value and `150` for the `C` value.


**Note:** See Missing color components for the effect of `none`.

### Formal syntax
```

<lch()> =   
  lch( [ <percentage> | <number> | none ] [ <percentage> | <number> | none ] [ <hue> | none ] [ / [ <alpha-value> | none ] ]? )    
  
<hue> =   
  <number>  |  
  <angle>     
  
<alpha-value> =   
  <number>      |  
  <percentage>    
  
```

Examples
--------

### Adjusting lightness, chroma, and hue with lch()

The following example shows the effect of varying the `L` (lightness), `C` (chroma), and `H` (hue) values of the `lch()` functional notation.

#### HTML


```html
<div data-color="blue"></div>
<div data-color="blue-light"></div>

<div data-color="red"></div>
<div data-color="red-chroma"></div>

<div data-color="green"></div>
<div data-color="green-hue"></div>
```


#### CSS
```

div {
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
  padding: 5px;
  margin: 5px;
  display: inline-block;
  border: 1px solid black;
}
```



```css
[data-color="blue"] {
  background-color: lch(0% 100 240);
}
[data-color="blue-light"] {
  background-color: lch(100% 100 240);
}

[data-color="red"] {
  background-color: lch(50% 130 20);
}
[data-color="red-chroma"] {
  background-color: lch(100% 30 20);
}

[data-color="green"] {
  background-color: lch(50% 132 130);
}
[data-color="green-hue"] {
  background-color: lch(50% 132 180);
}
```


#### Result

### Adjusting opacity with lch()

 The following example shows the effect of varying the `A` (alpha) value of the `lch()` functional notation.
 The `red` and `red-alpha` elements overlap the `#background-div` element to demonstrate the effect of opacity.
 Giving `A` a value of `0.4` makes the color 40% opaque.

#### HTML


```html
<div id="background-div">
  <div data-color="red"></div>
  <div data-color="red-alpha"></div>
</div>
```


#### CSS
```

div {
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
  padding: 5px;
  margin: 5px;
  display: inline-block;
  border: 1px solid black;
}
#background-div {
  background-color: lch(100% 100 240);
  width: 150px;
  height: 40px;
}
```



```css
[data-color="red"] {
  background-color: lch(50% 130 20);
}
[data-color="red-alpha"] {
  background-color: lch(50% 130 20 / 0.4);
}
```


#### Result

Specifications
--------------

| Specification |
| --- |
| CSS Color Module Level 4 # lab-colors |

Browser compatibility
---------------------

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See also
--------

* List of all color notations
* `<hue>` data type
* LCH colors in CSS: what, why, and how?