grid-area
=========

Baseline Widely available
-------------------------

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since July 2020.

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The **`grid-area`** CSS shorthand property specifies a grid item's size and location within a grid by contributing a line, a span, or nothing (automatic) to its grid placement, thereby specifying the edges of its grid area.

Try it
------

If four `<grid-line>` values are specified, `grid-row-start` is set to the first value, `grid-column-start` is set to the second value, `grid-row-end` is set to the third value, and `grid-column-end` is set to the fourth value.

When `grid-column-end` is omitted, if `grid-column-start` is a `<custom-ident>`, `grid-column-end` is set to that `<custom-ident>`; otherwise, it is set to `auto`.

When `grid-row-end` is omitted, if `grid-row-start` is a `<custom-ident>`, `grid-row-end` is set to that `<custom-ident>`; otherwise, it is set to `auto`.

When `grid-column-start` is omitted, if `grid-row-start` is a `<custom-ident>`, all four longhands are set to that value. Otherwise, it is set to `auto`.

The grid-area property can also be set to a `<custom-ident>` which acts as a name for the area, which can then be placed using `grid-template-areas`.

Constituent properties
----------------------

This property is a shorthand for the following CSS properties:

* `grid-row-start`
* `grid-column-start`
* `grid-row-end`
* `grid-column-end`
Syntax
------


```css
/\* Keyword values \*/
grid-area: auto;
grid-area: auto / auto;
grid-area: auto / auto / auto;
grid-area: auto / auto / auto / auto;

/\* <custom-ident> values \*/
grid-area: some-grid-area;
grid-area: some-grid-area / another-grid-area;

/\* <integer> && <custom-ident>? values \*/
grid-area: 4 some-grid-area;
grid-area: 4 some-grid-area / 2 another-grid-area;

/\* span && [ <integer> || <custom-ident> ] values \*/
grid-area: span 3;
grid-area: span 3 / span some-grid-area;
grid-area: 2 span / another-grid-area span;

/\* Global values \*/
grid-area: inherit;
grid-area: initial;
grid-area: revert;
grid-area: revert-layer;
grid-area: unset;
```

### Values

`auto`

Is a keyword indicating that the property contributes nothing to the grid item's placement, indicating auto-placement or a default span of `1`.

`<custom-ident>`

If there is a named line with the name '`<custom-ident>-start`'/'`<custom-ident>-end`', it contributes the first such line to the grid item's placement.

**Note:** Named grid areas automatically generate implicit named lines of this form, so specifying `grid-area: foo;` will choose the start/end edge of that named grid area (unless another line named `foo-start`/`foo-end` was explicitly specified before it).

Otherwise, this is treated as if the integer `1` had been specified along with the `<custom-ident>`.

`<integer> && <custom-ident>?`

Contributes the n-th grid line to the grid item's placement. If a negative integer is given, it instead counts in reverse, starting from the end edge of the explicit grid.

If a name is given as a `<custom-ident>`, only lines with that name are counted. If not enough lines with that name exist, all implicit grid lines are assumed to have that name for the purpose of finding this position.

An `<integer>` value of `0` is invalid.

`span && [ <integer> || <custom-ident> ]`

Contributes a grid span to the grid item's placement such that the corresponding edge of the grid item's grid area is *n* lines from the opposite edge.

If a name is given as a `<custom-ident>`, only lines with that name are counted. If not enough lines with that name exist, all implicit grid lines on the side of the explicit grid corresponding to the search direction are assumed to have that name for the purpose of counting this span.

If the `<integer>` is omitted, it defaults to `1`. Negative integers or 0 are invalid.

Formal definition
-----------------

|  |  |
| --- | --- |
| Initial value | as each of the properties of the shorthand:* `grid-row-start`: `auto`
* `grid-column-start`: `auto`
* `grid-row-end`: `auto`
* `grid-column-end`: `auto`
 |
| Applies to | grid items and absolutely-positioned boxes whose containing block is a grid container |
| Inherited | no |
| Computed value | as each of the properties of the shorthand:* `grid-row-start`: as specified
* `grid-column-start`: as specified
* `grid-row-end`: as specified
* `grid-column-end`: as specified
 |
| Animation type | discrete |

Formal syntax
-------------
```

grid-area =   
  <grid-line> [ / <grid-line> ]{0,3}    
  
<grid-line> =   
  auto                                                |  
  <custom-ident>                                      |  
  [ [ <integer [-∞,-1]> | <integer [1,∞]> ] && <custom-ident>? ]  |  
  [ span && [ <integer [1,∞]> || <custom-ident> ] ]     
  
```

Examples
--------

### Setting grid areas

#### HTML


```html
<div id="grid">
  <div id="item1"></div>
  <div id="item2"></div>
  <div id="item3"></div>
</div>
```


#### CSS


```css
#grid {
  display: grid;
  height: 100px;
  grid-template: repeat(4, 1fr) / 50px 100px;
}

#item1 {
  background-color: lime;
  grid-area: 2 / 2 / auto / span 3;
}

#item2 {
  background-color: yellow;
}

#item3 {
  background-color: blue;
}
```


#### Result

Specifications
--------------

| Specification |
| --- |
| CSS Grid Layout Module Level 2 # propdef-grid-area |

Browser compatibility
---------------------

BCD tables only load in the browser with JavaScript enabled. Enable JavaScript to view data.

See also
--------

* Related CSS properties: `grid-row`, `grid-row-start`, `grid-row-end`, `grid-column`, `grid-column-start`, `grid-column-end`, `grid-template-areas`
* Grid Layout Guide: *Grid template areas*
* Video tutorial: *Grid Template Areas*