Kaiju

The kaiju (giant monster) Godzilla from the 1954 film Godzilla, one of the first Japanese films to feature a giant monster.

### Films (List)

Godzilla (1954)Mothra

kaiju (also called Giant Monsters or Strange Beast) are a film genre that started by toho in 1954 (well thats what it was throat until 2015) when film collector in japan found a film that dates back to 1939 called King Kong Appears in Edo well the remains of it.

## History

The term "kaiju" is Chinese in the compilation have been " Classic of Mountains and Seas appear for the first time in". The book China ancient of the Warring States Period from the Qin Dynasty, Han Dynasty ( 4th century BC - 3rd century were summarized in stages over the around). The book contains a large number of legendary youkai and gods , and "monster" was also a word that refers to youkai. There is also the word "monster" in the poetry of the former Han writer, Shiba Sajou (" Shiki " Shiba Sajouden).

Japan is the case of, Masanobu Abe (※ culture in annual pressurizing number Sumpu has served as) is Tenpo 14 years ( 1843 to) knitted the Suruga country Fudoki will be Disclose the "Shunkunizatsukokorozashi". There is an item of "monster" in the "Beast" section of the book in Volume 25 of the same book, and it has "wings" captured by the villagers in the mountains of Oka village , Yudo district (currently Oka, Suruga ward , Shizuoka city ). "An animal like a monkey"  .

" Atomic Monster Appears " was released in 1953, and " Godzilla " was released in 1954 (Showa 29) . The "Godzilla" hit has grown into a monster movie genre in Japan, where various monsters were created. In Japan today, it often refers to the huge creatures that appear in fiction works such as monster movies.

### Chronology

King Kong (1933)

Lidosaurus (1953)

Godzilla (1954)

Ema (1957)

* China ancient - **the phrase "monster" first appearance of** / " Classic of Mountains and Seas there is described in". It is unclear when the book was written during the long compilation, and it is thought that it was the Warring States era at the earliest, and the 3rd century ( Kan Dynasty) at the latest . The "monster" at that time was a kind of youkai .
* Western Han Dynasty - SIMA XIANGRU to the poetry of it is word of "Monster" ( " Shiji " Sima phase如列Den).
* Tenpo 14 years ( 1843 ) **-The first appearance of the idiom "monster" in Japan** / Masanobu Abe mentions "monster".
* March 2, 1933- The release of the American-made sci-fi monster movie " King Kong " (see image in right column).
* June 13, 1953- *The* release of the American monster movie " *The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms* ".
* In Japan, the Japanese title " Atomic monster appears " was attached, and the leading dinosaur monster "Lidosaurus" (see image in right column) was called "monster" in the work. This is likely to be the first definitive use case for the "monster" in modern Japanese.[
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	+ 1954 (1954) November 3 - **Japan's first monster movie premiere** / Japanese-made monster movie " Godzilla " is premiered (■ see right column image). Godzilla is Japan's first monster and Japan's first reptile monster.
	+ 1955 ( April 30) April 24-The first release of Japan's first battle-type monster movie / The release of the Japanese monster movie " Godzilla's Counterattack ". This is the first work in the world where there is a battle between people who can be clearly defined as "monsters" (Godzilla and Anguillas ).
	+ [1][ December 26, 1956 (Showa 31) -The release of the Japanese monster movie " Radon of the Sky " Radon has appeared as Japan's first flying monster. Meganuron appears as Japan's first arthropod monster.
	+ [2]June 1957- US science fiction movie " 20 million miles to earth " is released / the monster that appears is the monster "Ima" (see the right column image). Ima can be said to be the world's first and America's first space monster .
	+ 1959 March 3 - United Kingdom -made monster movie " sea creatures Behemoth premiere of".
		- [ July 30, 1961 (Showa 36) -The opening of the Japanese monster movie " Mosra " / Godzilla Radon Mothra called "Toho Three Great Monsters" is now available. [[:File:Godzilla's Counterattack Poster.jpg|]]link=|thumb|NaNxNaNpx
		- [3][ August 11, 1962 (Showa 37) -A release of the Japanese monster movie " King Kong vs. Godzilla " / The first co-starring work of the character monster character monster representing Japan and the United States.
		- 1963 (Showa 38) Autumn-The filming of the Japanese monster movie " Owl Beast Nezra " begins, but then production stops.
		- 1964 (Showa 39) August 11- The release of the Japanese monster movie " Space Large Monsters Dogora " / Dogora appeared as Japan's first space monster , Japan's first amorphous monster.
			* Unconfirmed- There is Japan's first monster attraction in Tokyo / Godzilla's suit actor himself will perform a demonstration show of Godzilla on the rooftop of Matsuya department store .[ [
			* November 27- The release of the Japanese monster movie " Large Monster Gamera " / The monster " Gamera " , which will be divided into two parts as popular with Godzilla in Japan, should be called a box office rival .
			* 1966 (Showa 41)
			* After January (unspecified date)-The **arrival of the first monster boom in Japan** / **With the** start of a series of special-effects TV programs featuring various monsters such as " Ultra Q, " " Ambassador Magma, " " Ultraman, " etc. , The existence of a monster becomes familiar to Japanese children  .
				+ January 2-In Japan , the first TV program " Ultra Series (fantasy special effects series)" special effects TV program " Ultra Q " has started airing / The monsters appearing are " Gomez ".
				+ March 26- April 3-Japan's first full-scale monster attraction is held in Tokyo / Exhibition event ``Spring Break Children's Tournament Large Monster Ultra Q Great March'' held at Tsuburaya Special Skills Production at the department store Matsuya rooftop To be done.[4][
				+ April 10- " Kanegon " , a pioneering existence of cute monsters, appears in the 15th episode of " Ultra Q "  .[5][ [6][ [
				+ April 17- Tokyo's first large-scale active monster attraction is held in Tokyo / An active event "Ultra Q Tournament" sponsored by Tsuburaya Special Skills Production will be held at Amusement Park Tama Tech .
				+ July 4th-The monsters that will be aired/appeared on the special effects TV program " Ambassador Magma " in Japan include "Aron"  .
				+ July 17- Start of airing of Ultraman 's second work " Ultraman " in Japan / Monsters appearing include " Bemler " etc. A battle-type monster entertainment called "Ultraman" and "Magma Ambassador" in which giant allies of justice (Ultraman is an alien of justice and a transformation hero , Ambassador Magma is a rocket human of justice ) fights against a giant monster, and thereafter , Genre.[7][
				+ November 9 - Japan in the special-effects TV program " kaiju booska " aired / of cute monster the hero program advent of that was.
					- [ October 67 , 1967 (Showa 42) -Started broadcasting of the TV anime " Ola Guzura Dado " in Japan / The appearance of an anime featuring a cute monster . However, the work is based on a series of comics that began in the March 13, 1966 issue of the manga magazine (" Weekly Shonen Sunday "), and the time when it came out (the time of releasing detailed information) is not much different from Kanegon .
					- 1968 (Showa 43)
					- Unspecified time-Japan 's first monster boom is over / replaced by " Youkai Boom " driven by " Gegege no Kitaro " and " Spo root boom" driven by " Giant Star " .[8][ [9][ [10][
					- Unknown-The monster that appears in the Korean monster movie " Large Monster Yongari " is " Yangari ".
					- [11][ September 28, 1970 (Showa 45) -The special effects TV program " Ultra Fight " has started airing in Japan / Appeared as a program with a strong variety using monster costumes .[12][
					- 1971 (Showa 46)
						* 1978- Begin broadcasting of American television animation " Godzilla " / Godzilla's first anime work.
						* [13]May 25, 1979-The monster that appears in the American science fiction movie " Alien " is " Alien ".
						* 1985 - North Korea made monster movie " pulgasari completed / appeared to monster" is " pulgasari ".
						* [14]May 19, 1998- The release of the American monster movie " GODZILLA " / The United States made a movie using Godzilla, the monster representing Japan.
						* 2004 (2004) November 29 - Godzilla movie star as a Hollywood earned high praise from the Hall of Fame played a, Hollywood Walk of Fame carve his name in a star-shaped plate of / This (2019 As of the year), as a non-human star , one of 11 people in the world such as Mickey Mouse and famous dog Lassi , the only character born outside the United States and Britain (hence the only character born in Japan), The only monster character (including monster character).[15][ [16][

## Monster attributes in fiction

Monsters are sometimes given pronouns based on their birth and ability, such as "○○ monster".

### Underground monster

A monster that appears from the ground. This includes things that emerge from a newly discovered cave. It excels in the ability to dig into the ground, and it has many thick bodies and limbs. Typical examples of the " Frankenstein Conque[17]rs[18] the World of" Baragon , " Ultraman of" telesdon , such as Magura.

### Undersea monster

What appears from the sea. Those that live in the sea are also called "deep sea monsters." Zigura from " Gamera vs. Deep Sea Monster Zigura " and Gubila from " Ultraman ". Many of them are close to the form of aquatic organisms such as crabs, octopuses, and fish, and dinosaur-like ones such as the Godzilla of Toho and the monsters of " Fireman " are rarely mentioned as attributes of submarine monsters.

### Ancient monster

The monsters that survived prehistoric earth and the remains of ancient creatures such as dinosaurs. Also called "primitive monster". Until now, many things that have slept in the ground or in the ice are revived and rampaged due to human factors, and Gomora of " Ultraman " and Gomez of " Ultra Q " are typical. In terms of origin, Godzilla, radon , Anguilla, etc. are also included.

### Space monster

Things that come from outside the earth. " Gamera vs. Viras Biras and" of " Ultraman of" Bemura such. Also , like the monsters that appeared in " Ultra Seven, " many are used as invasive weapons by aliens with advanced intelligence . Since Toho 's King Ghidora is extraordinarily powerful, it is often called the "space super monster." Some space monsters, such as Zetton and Gigan, are categorized as a "space dinosaur."

### Frozen monster

It represents the ability to freeze. Pegira from " Ultra Q ", Bargon from " Great Monster Battle duel Gamera vs. Bargon ", Eisler from the TV drama " Giant Robo ", etc. However, it does not necessarily live in cold regions, and the jungle of New Guinea is set as the habitat in areas such as Bargon.

### Insect monster

A general term for monsters like insects. Mothra and cytomegalovirus , " Ultraman of" Antler in addition to those which is the figure originally as, Kamacuras and " Return of Ultraman of" Nokogirin those mutations under the influence of energy and industrial waste water, such as radioactivity, weapons as Is also included.

### Robot monster

A generic name for giant robots such as Mechagodzilla and King Joe of " Ultra Seven " . It is often a form that imitates an organism (including a humanoid).

### Artificial monster

Unlike robot monsters, it is a generic term for monsters created by humans in animal experiments and chimera research. Gillards and Gavadon from " Ultraman " are listed.

## Monster extermination

There are old-fashioned developments in exterminating monsters, and the rough ones are as follows.

In order to repel the monsters that appeared, a defense dispatch request was issued to the Self- Defense Forces and defense organizations and they arrived at the scene. Although it starts attacking monsters, it has no effect of shooting and bombing using tanks and fighters , and is conversely shot down or destroyed (however, in recent years, the production of destruction has decreased). Therefore, a countermeasures headquarters will be established to revise full-scale countermeasures. As a result of this measure, it damages the monster once, but it loses as soon as it does. After that, he succeeded in controlling and sealing the monster by pushing it in due to a groundbreaking invention and some tact .

Also, in the work in which a hero appears, there is a flow in which the defense organization rushes while the defense organization endures, or the members there transform .

## terminal Origins

The word kaijū originally referred to monsters and creatures from ancient Japanese legends; it earlier appeared in the Chinese Classic of Mountains and Seas. After sakoku had ended and Japan was opened to foreign relations in the mid 19th century, the term kaijū came to be used to express concepts from paleontology and legendary creatures from around the world. For example, in 1908 it was suggested that the extinct Ceratosaurus was alive in Alaska, and this was referred to as kaijū. However, there are no traditional depictions of kaiju or kaiju-like creatures in Japanese folklore; but rather the origins of kaiju are found in film.

The first appearance within a film title of kaijū was Genshi Kaijū ga Arawareru (原子怪獣現れる), literally "An Atomic Kaiju Appears", and the title in Japan of The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms. However, Gojira (transliterated as Godzilla) is commonly regarded as the first kaiju film and was released in 1954. Tomoyuki Tanaka, a producer for Toho Studios in Tokyo, needed a film to release after his previous project was halted. Seeing how well the Hollywood giant monster movie genre films King Kong and The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms had done in Japanese box offices, and himself a fan of these films, he set out to make a new movie based on them and created Godzilla. Tanaka aimed to combine Hollywood giant monster movies with the re-emerged Japanese fears of atomic weapons that arose from the Daigo Fukuryū Maru fishing boat incident; and so he put a team together and created the concept of a radioactive giant creature emerging from the depths of the ocean, a creature that would become the monster Godzilla. Godzilla initially had commercial success in Japan, inspiring other kaiju movies.

## Terminology

### Kaijū

The term kaijū translates literally as "strange beast". Kaiju characters can be considered giant science fiction and fantasy creatures, and can be depicted as antagonistic, protagonistic, or a neutral force of nature. Godzilla has taken on all three roles at various points in the Godzilla franchise. Other examples of kaiju include Rodan, Mothra, King Ghidorah, Anguirus, King Kong, Gamera, Daimajin, Gappa, Guilala, Clover, Nemesis and Yonggary. Some Mecha characters, such as Mechagodzilla, M.O.G.U.E.R.A., Mechani-Kong, and Dragonzord may also count as kaiju. The term urutora-kaijū ("ultra-kaiju") is longhand for kaijū in the Ultra Series.

### Daikaiju

Daikaijū (大怪獣) literally translates as "large kaiju" or "great kaiju" and refers to the larger monsters. The exact distinction is debated. This term is used for the most powerful kaiju, the prefix dai- emphasizing great power or status. The first appearance of the term daikaiju is in the Japanese title of Rodan, Sora no Daikaijū Radon (空の大怪獣 ラドン, "Radon, Giant Monster of the Sky"). Godzilla, Rodan and Mothra are the san daikaijū, the three great kaiju. An example of the term exists in a 1908 book.

### Kaijin

Kaijin (怪人) refers to humanoid kaiju found in tokusatsu media, and is literally translated as "monster man" or "mystery man". The villains of the week from the Kamen Rider Series are examples of kaijin. In some instances, they have the ability to grow to kaiju-size, most notably in Super Sentai and Power Rangers.

### Seijin

Seijin (星人), literally "star people", appears within Japanese words for extraterrestrial aliens, such as Kaseijin (火星人), which means "Martian". Aliens can also be called uchūjin (宇宙人) which means "beings from space". But they only best well known in the Ultra Series.

### Kaijū eiga

Kaijū eiga (怪獣映画, "kaiju movie") is a film featuring one or more kaiju.

Toho has produced a variety of kaiju films over the years (many of which feature Godzilla, Rodan and Mothra); but other Japanese studios contributed to the genre by producing films and shows of their own: Daiei Film (Kadokawa Pictures), Tsuburaya Productions, and Shochiku and Nikkatsu Studios.

## Monster techniques

Eiji Tsuburaya, who was in charge of the special effects for *Gojira*, developed a technique to animate the *kaiju* that became known colloquially as "suitmation". Where Western monster movies often used stop motion to animate the monsters, Tsubaraya decided to attempt to create suits, called "creature suits", for a human (suit actor) to wear and act in. This was combined with the use of miniature models and scaled-down city sets to create the illusion of a giant creature in a city. Due to the extreme stiffness of the latex or rubber suits, filming would often be done at double speed, so that when the film was shown, the monster was smoother and slower than in the original shot. *Kaiju* films also used a form of puppetry interwoven between suitmation scenes which served for shots that were physically impossible for the suit actor to perform. From the 1998 release of *Godzilla*, American-produced *kaiju* films strayed from suitmation to computer-generated imagery (CGI). In Japan, CGI and stop-motion have been increasingly used for certain special sequences and monsters, but suitmation has been used for an overwhelming majority of *kaiju* films produced in Japan of all eras.