List of mammal subspecies in Colorado

This is intended as a full list of mammals and their subspecies in the State of Colorado, in the United States. Multiple subspecies of a species may coexist in the same State due to multiple forms of environments existing within the same human boundary. Some of these subspecies may cross populations and easily find each other, some don't. This can be due to both environmental and human habitational reasons (i.e desert blocking the way or a large highway). Additionally an animal's cultural or biological habits may prevent them from crossing over into the other population's "territory". Some of those that do interact may be hybrids between the two subspecies. Additionally reintroductions of animals may bring in subspecies that I'm unaware of. The information isn't always public. Some species migrate through the State.

**Artiodactyla**

Antilocapridae: Pronghorns/Antelopes

* Antilocapra americana oregana, by means of process of elimination according to Wikipedia's endemic desert subspecies.

Bovidae: Bison and Cows, goats, sheeps, etc

* *Bison bison* *bison*
* *Oreamnos americanus* *americanus* (no recognized subspecies at this time despite geographic differences).
* *Ovis canadensis canadensis,* *Ovis canadensis nelsoni*
* Various breeds of *Bos taurus*, *Capra hircus*, *Ovis aries*, *Lama glama*, and *Lama pacos*.

Cervidae: Deer, Moose, and Elk.

* *Alces alces shirasi*
* *Cervus canadensis nelsoni*
* *Odocoileus hemionus hemionus*
* *Odocoileus virginianus dacotensis*
* *Odocoileus virginianus texanus*

Suidae: Swine

* Various breeds of *Sus domesticus*

**Carnivora**

Canidae: Dogs, wolves, coyotes, and foxes

* *Canis latrans lestes*
* *Canis latrans latrans*
* *Canis latrans mearnsi*
* *Canis lupus occidentalis*
* Various breed of *Canis familiarus*
* *Vulpes macrotis macrotis*
* *Vulpes macrotis neomexicanus*
* *Vulpes velox velox*
* *Vulpes vulpes macroura*
* *Urocyon cinereoargenteus scotti* Somehow, I feel like there's more, but I can't find proof.

Felidae: Cats

* Various breeds of *Felis catus*
* Likely a mixture between *Lynx canadensis canadensis and Lynx canadensis mollipilosus,* which should warrant its own subspecies at this point or in the next few decades, probably. In my own opinion.
* *Lynx rufus* currently only *fasciatus*, previously baileyi  and pallescens.
* *Puma concolor couguar* as per 2017, previously *hippolestes* and possibly *azteca*.

Mephitidae: Skunks

* *Conepatus leuconotus figginsi*
* *Mephitis mephitis hudsonica*
* Mephitis mephitis varians
* *Spilogale gracilis gracilis*
* Likely *Spilogale putorius interrupta* due to the subspecies' western range.

Mustela: Weasels, ferrets, martens, and badgers.

* Either or both *Lontra canadensis lataxina* and *sonora* by process of elimination.
* *Martes caurina origenes* and possibly *vulpina.*
* *Mustela nigripes nigripes* as all are reintroduced are descended from a single few individuals brought into captivity.
* *Mustela richardsonii muricus* and likely others, but many ranges for the subspecies of M. richardsonii are difficult to find.
* *Neogale frenata arizonensis*
* *Neogale vison*
* *Taxidea taxus*

Proyonidae: Raccons and ringtail.

* *Bassariscus astutus*
* Raccoon, *Procyon lotor*

Ursidae:

* *Ursus americanus amblyceps and Ursus americanus cinnamomum (cinnamomumumum)*

**Chiroptera**

**Cingulata**

**Didelphimorphia**

**Eulipotyphla**

**Lagomorpha**

Leporidae:

* *Brachylagus idahodensis - (subspecies unknown, possibly idahodensis as a noticeable subspecies has documentation and common name, but no common name given. Even in my old source from 1951 the differentiation is noted but no subspecies given.*
* *Lepus americanus - Likely pineus as it resides in Wyoming. Additionally, bairdii.*
* *Lepus californicus - Unsure, as multiple subspecies are listed in the same areas of Mexico. Lots of photographic evidence for L. californicus in Colorado, but no websites that list their subspecies locations list any subspecies as living in Colorado. Old sources list melanotis and texianus.*
* *Lepus townsendii - townsendii and campanius.*
* *Sylvilagus audubonii - unknown*
* *Sylvilagus floridanus - pinetus and similis, perhaps llanensis.*
* *Sylvilagus nuttallii grangeri*

Ochotonidae:

* American pika, *Ochotona princeps*

**Rodentia**

## References

1. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pronghorn&oldid=1126323205
2. ↑ https://www.fws.gov/species/plains-bison-bison-bison-bison
3. ↑ https://academic.oup.com/jmammal/article-abstract/51/1/60/884598?redirectedFrom=fulltext
4. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bighorn\_sheep&oldid=1131276157
5. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Desert\_bighorn\_sheep&oldid=1118643260
6. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moose&oldid=1134041168
7. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rocky\_Mountain\_elk&oldid=1131513972
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mule\_deer&oldid=1125975662
9. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=White-tailed\_deer&oldid=1135349299
10. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=White-tailed\_deer&oldid=1135349299
11. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coyote&oldid=1135628577
12. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northwestern\_wolf&oldid=1117394220
13. ↑ https://cowboystatedaily.com/2022/12/28/colorado-pack-started-by-wyoming-wolves-likely-hasnt-spawned-second-pack/#:~:text=About%20two%20years%20ago%2C%20a%20female%20and%20male,calves%20near%20Meeker%2C%20Colorado%2C%20well%20to%20the%20south.
14. ↑ https://www.gbif.org/species/6164307
15. ↑ https://tablerocklakemap.blogspot.com/2018/09/map-of-north-america-rivers.html
16. ↑ https://www.gbif.org/species/6164314
17. ↑ https://www.uwyo.edu/wyndd/\_files/docs/reports/speciesassessments/swiftfox-dec2003.pdf
18. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red\_fox&oldid=1135798011
19. ↑ https://www.gbif.org/species/6164340
20. ↑ https://cpw.state.co.us/Documents/Research/Mammals/ColoradoLynxReintroductionAssessment\_090710.pdf
21. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canada\_lynx&oldid=1132698281
22. ↑ https://www.gbif.org/species/6164667
23. ↑ https://www.gbif.org/species/6164671
24. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cougar&oldid=1134756027
25. ↑ https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Distribution-of-subspecies-of-Felis-concolor-in-North-and-Middle-America-as-delineated\_fig5\_355077988
26. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American\_hog-nosed\_skunk&oldid=1112390201
27. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Striped\_skunk&oldid=1111814150
28. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Western\_spotted\_skunk&oldid=1119290236
29. ↑ https://academic.oup.com/jmammal/article/102/6/1583/6381368
30. ↑ https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/59f5e210e4b063d5d307dc69
31. ↑ https://www.depts.ttu.edu/nsrl/mammals-of-texas-online-edition/Accounts\_Carnivora/Spilogale\_putorius.php
32. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=North\_American\_river\_otter&oldid=1129292100
33. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pacific\_marten&oldid=1133304213
34. ↑ https://www.gbif.org/species/5218956
35. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American\_black\_bear&oldid=1133308677
36. ↑ https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/32426/pg32426-images.html#Page\_173
37. ↑ https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/32426/pg32426-images.html#Page\_183
38. ↑ https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/32426/pg32426-images.html#Page\_180
39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/32426/pg32426-images.html#Page\_155