Arpaktikoaltisidae

Arpaktikoaltisidae (meaning predatory jumper idae in Greek) is a clade not a family, it is one of those rare times where idae is used on a clade instead of a family, this usually happens because of a mistake, and that's exactly what happened here. This was originally thought to just be one family but upon closer examination some of the general we're too different from each other to be under the same family so they were assigned to their own families, but the DNA evidence dog show that they are related to each other meaning that every family that was thought to be this family all descendants from one common ancestor meaning this is a clade. The first family under this clade is Arpaktikoaltidae, also known as true predatory jumpers. Here's a list of the families under this clade.

## List of Families

Family: Arpaktikoaltidae

Family: Spitiakochylioidae

( more will be added later )

## Old Version

Arpaktikoaltisidae (predatory jumper in greek)(commonly known as Predatory jumpers, killer jumpers, and Arpaktikoaltisae) is a family of Programmataanichnefsiskato. They evolved around 363,363,363 years ago, and their point of origin is the shorelines of South Primaterra. They have at least three tribes that we know of, Arpaktikoaltini, Glykounerouini (freshwater in greek), and Alatoneroini (saltwater in greek). Arpaktikoaltisae is a very big family, but surprisingly no subfamilies just one big family that contains at least 557 known species today, as well as 107 discovered in the fossil record so far across an estimated 250 Genera today as well as three extinct Genera, are only known from the fossil record, that means most of the genera survived to this day and that's impressive. Of course the genera have much more species in the fossil record than they do still living, if all the species were still alive today they would be 664 species today, but that's just from what we have found so far, researchers estimate that there are way more species yet to be discovered both still living and in the fossil record so using rough estimates they came up with a rough calculation that if all the extinct species both found and not found were still alive today it would be somewhere between 1700 and 1300 species. Predatory jumpers get their name from their hunting Style, They sit and wait buried in the sand for prey to get close then they jump out and immediately suck them in or bite onto them sometimes they swallow their prey whole, but sometimes their prey is too big to be swallowed so they will rip and tear chunks off sometimes, the prey after this happens will bleed to death and it will track it down and eat the corpse, of course when this happens other animals will also try to get some, so it will sometimes have to fight to defend its kill and sometimes it itself gets killed in the process. They use their whisker-like/worm-like/tentacle-like appendices called whisacles on their face to lure in prey, some predatory jumper wishes near the coast in shallower waters use their whiskers to Lure in pray because they look like worms, others use scent to Lure in pray, and some deep-sea predatory jumpers have bioluminescent whiskers and Lure in pray that way. Because of their lifestyle of being buried in the sand, they have evolved eyes on stalks to peek up out of the sand to keep an eye out for predators and prey, but some of the deep sea jumpers have lost their eyes due to a lack of light, and some have even evolved two rows of spikes down their back for defense in case anything comes from above. This trait is in all of the freshwater variety and some of the ocean variety. like angler fish, frogfish, and batfish on Earth it performs a similar niche, so it has lost the ability to swim, instead, it walks, except for a few exceptions, for most predatory jumpers the tail fin has been reduced and it's become vestigial, but for the ones that re-evolved the ability to swim their tail fin turned back to normal, but some predatory jumpers have completely lost a tail fin and have a very tetrapod-like tail.

## Anatomy

**Note**: This description was written back when we thought they were all one family now that we are aware that they are multiple families this description only describes the anatomy of Arpaktikoaltidae aka true predatory jumpers, other families under this clade do not fully match this description, in fact that's how we figured out they were different families, so to clear up some confusion keep in mind that this Anatomy description only applies to Arpaktikoaltidae and not all the families under Arpaktikoaltisidae. -Boden Müller.

The anatomy of all species under Arpaktikoaltisidae  is fairly complicated as they had very developed digestive systems, immune systems, and respiratory systems. Due to their complexity, they are divided into five sections (from front to back): the head, the anterior lamellus (named after Latin for gills, lamellae), the posterior lamellus, the lishe (just made up the name, pronounced l-eye-sh), and the tail.

External

The external anatomy of Arpaktikoaltisidae  is notably sophisticated, as they had various adaptations that functions externally, long thin appendages on their heads used for attracting prey. The skin is thick and well-protected and is in many cases used for camouflage.

These appendages on their heads are known as whisacles, and are used for increased response time, as they have the ability to fire neurons directly to muscles as opposed to firing to the brain and then to muscles.

On the anterior lamellus is the foremost set of fins/legs, and with them the second strongest muscles in the entire body, the strongest being the hind fin/leg muscles. These are constantly loaded like springs, allowing the animal to strike whenever it feels necessary, usually in searching for prey but occasionally for self-defense from predators. The middle fins/legs are on the posterior lamellus, used solely for swimming or running on the bottom like a hippo (depends on the species, some species have re-evolved the ability to swim, While most simply just run along the bottom) and folding up when the animal is resting or hunting, and the back fins/legs are sported on the lishe with a significant increase in thickness over the other fins/legs, having the strongest muscles in the entire body for two purposes: to launch forward quickly when prey is near or when threatened and to increasing swimming or running  speed in open water.

The tail comprises namely the tail itself, used for propelling the animal when in open water.

Internal

While the external anatomy is impressive, the internal anatomy is even more so.

The head contains all of the animal's sensory organs, of which it has multiple. It has a brain, two eyes, and two long worm-like appendages that functions somewhat as additional brains. The brain is very sophisticated and Arpaktikoaltisidae  are usually very intelligent; they can have cognitive ability compared to that of an Earth  octopus or a domesticated cat or dog on Earth, but there are some Genera in this Family that has average to below-average levels of cognitive abilities, because being smart requires more energy so sometimes it's the smarter option to be dumb. The brain is located in the center of the head, where it is attached to the eyes, ears, and whisacles. The eyes are on stalks to allow the animal to see out of the sand, which it often buries itself in. The whisacles send electrical signals to other parts of the body telling them what to do, making them somewhat like additional brains. For example, when prey is near and bites or attempts to bite the whisacles, rather than sending signals to the brain which then tells the rest of the body to attack, they will send the signals themselves. This gives Arpaktikoaltisidae  the ability to attack incredibly quickly, dragging prey down under the sand in less than half a second. The ears can also hear very well, able to sense very slight movements in the water. The eyes, however, can very from genera to genera and even sometimes from species to species, some had good eyesight, some had bad eyesight, but their whisacles did most of the detecting prey.

The anterior lamellus contains the front most set of gills on a member of this Family, located in a half-ring shape just behind the head. This serves the purpose to provide oxygen while the animal is under sand, either waiting for prey or sleeping. It filters through the sand, drawing it what water it can and from there taking in oxygen. While this is a somewhat inefficient solution, as the amount of air (and further oxygen) in the sand is far less than in the water, members of Arpaktikoaltisidae  take up much less energy when sleeping or hunting, as their stationary nature enters them into a state in which their muscles are relaxed completely and their senses are heightened. These gills also function when exposed to open water, though this is the primary purpose of the posterior lamellus. Within this area lies the esophagus, connecting the mouth to the stomach, with a heightened speed for dissolving the outer layers of prey to compensate for the speed at which it is caught.

The posterior lamellus contains the set of gills used in open water, located in a thick ring extending almost all the way around the animal, save for a small area on the belly. Covering this is a small flap, contracting when in open water but extending when buried to avoid damage. When a member of this Family must leave its place of burial, whether for mating, better food prospects, or any other purpose, it will propel itself forward at high velocities and uncover these gills. Compared to those of the anterior lamellus, these gills are much more suited for open water, functioning similarly to most other gills both on Hume III and Earth. Internally, the hearts are also rested within the region, the main heart lying closely to the right of the backbone and the secondary heart to its left, in some genera and some species this heart is a vestigial remnant, and in others they have gotten rid of it entirely. The esophagus ends shortly into this section, leading into the stomach, taking roughly 6-7 hours to digest before passing food along to the intestines. Because of the high chance of accidentally consuming sand or dirt along with prey, any waste like this is typically expelled quickly back up through the mouth.

The lishe contains the majority of the animal’s digestive organs, including the large intestine, small intestine, colon, and anus. Organs used along the urinary track (haha) are also here, primarily the bladder, as well as other organs such as the livers (members of this order posses two) and the lungs (some genera and some species have lost the lungs for one reason or another). The large intestine extends for about 120% of the animal’s body length when measured in its entirety and the small intestine is roughly twice this.

The tail contains few notable features internally apart from remarkably flexible muscles and somewhat lower blood flow than other parts of the body. Some of the non swimming species still have a vestigial tail fin, the ones that have re evolved the ability to swim have also real bald a fully functional big tail fin, While others have just gotten rid of it entirely.

## Taxonomy

Extent genera under Glykounerou:
Ilektrika

Extinct genera under Glykounerou:
Dumfavorita