Sanskrit glossary

This is **a list of Sanskrit words** found or used in the Rabydosverse and related settings.

Sanskrit is the sacred language of India, Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, and Sikhism.

A

* abhimāna - pride, arrogance
* abhiṣeka - bathing a deity; consecration
* abhva - monster
* ādi - beginning, origin, first
* Ādiguru - The First Teacher, Lord Shiva
* adhikāra - post, position, office
* agni - fire
* āhrīkya - lack of shame or conscience; recklessness
* ajñāna - ignorance
* ākāśa - space, aether, the sky
* ānanda - bliss, pleasure, joy
* ānta - final, last
* antara - between
* antima - ultimate
* apāya - misfortune, calamity, departure, loss; hell
* arjuna - silver substance, white, clear, bright
* arjunaḥ - white, silvery
* arūṇa - red glow of dawn, dawn
* arya - noble
* āsana - sitting down
* asūra - titan, ogre, wrathful demigod
* aṣāḍha - invincible, undefeated
* aṣṭa - eight
* ātman - soul, self
* avidya - ignorance

B

* bandhu - friend, kinship, relation, connection
* bodhati - to awake, to know, to understand
* bodhi - enlightenment, awakening
* Brahma - He Who Grows, the creator God
* Buddha - the Enlightened One, awakened, enlighened

Bh
--

* Bhagavan - Lord (of Blessing), God Almighty
* bhakti - devotion
* bhaṣa - a language
* Bhairava - the Dreadful Lord, a wrathful aspect of Shiva
* bhūmi - Earth
* bhūta - ghost

C

* candra - Moon
* catur, catvaras - four

D

* dahati - to scorch, to disturb, to burn
* dāha - heat, burning, fever, redness
* dāna - generosity, charity
* darśana - view, sight, view towards a deity
* daśa - ten
* deva - god, deity
* devi - goddess
* dṛṣti - viewpoint, perspective
* duḥkha - suffering, torment
* Durgā - The Invincible One
* durjaya - invincible
* dvau - two

Dh
--

* dhanya - blessed, auspicious, fortunate
* dharma - law, truth, order, justice
* dharmo rakṣati rakṣitaḥ - Dharma protects those who protect it
	+ This ancient phrase from India basically means "those who restore justice create peace". It appears in the Mahabharata and the Manusmriti.
* dhātu - realm, space, dimension
* dhavalaḥ - white, beautiful, dazzling, clear, handsome, pure
* Dhruva - unmovable
	+ The devotee of Lord Vishnu who became the north polar star of the night sky.
* dhūmraḥ, dhūmābha - purple
* dhvaja - flag, banner
* dhyāna - meditation

E

* eka - one

G

* gaṇa - flock, troop, company, army; multitude, people; Shiva's soldiers and earth spirits
* Gaṇeśa - Lord of Shiva's Armies; the God of Prosperity and Overcoming
* garbha - womb, store
* garuḍa - eagle-man who serves as Vishnu's mount
* guru - teacher, he with the weight

H

* Hara Hara Mahādeva - He Who Destroys Sins, Lord Shiva
* haridrābhaḥ - yellow
* haritaḥ - green
* hiraṇya - raw gold, golden money, gold

I

* īrṣyā - envy, jealousy
* īśa - lord, master
* Iśvara - Supreme God, Lord God Almighty, Shiva

J

* jala - water
* jambu - pink
* janatā - people, folk, generation
* janā - birth, origin
* jāti - birth, background, kind, species, race
* jātu - at all, ever, perhaps
* jaya - victory, Hail to ...
* Jaya Śrī Rāma - Victory to Lord Rama
* jīva - life
* jñāna - knowledge

K

* kadru - brown, reddish-brown
* kāla - time, black, darkness, endless
* kalaśa - pitcher, pot
* Kāli - The Dark One, the Endless One, Eternity; the Goddess of Time, Power, Destruction, Protection, Love, and Justice
* kalpa - a very long time that lasts for thousands or millions of years; an aeon
* kāma - desire, lust
* kara - to work
* karasevaka - a working servant
	+ Source of the word "karsevak", a volunteer in a Hindu group who does charity work.
	+ In Bujan, this evolved into "kraseukai", Ontemazei Hindu charity and public service volunteer groups. Bujanski look fondly on those groups as people who can help you if you are lost or hurt, bringing medicine, helping you find your way all over the island, or even protecting you from possible attackers as bodyguards.
* karma - work, action
* kesara - hair, saffron
* kleśa - affliction, passion, torment
	+ The five main poisons in Buddhist belief are ignorance (moha, avidya), obsession (rāga), hatred (dvesha), arrogance (māna), and envy (īrṣyā). Other Buddhist beliefs include vicikitsā (doubt), shamelessness (āhrīkya) as among these poisons.
* krodha - rage, fury
* kṣap - night
* kṣatriya - warrior king, king, noble, lord
	+ Kesatre's name was based on this word.
* kṣetra - field, area; temple
* kumāra - youth
* kumāri - damsel
* kumbha - head
* kumbhabhiṣekam - consecration of a temple

L

* Lakṣmī - mark, sign; the Goddess of wealth and prosperity
* lauha, loha - iron
* loka - world

M

* mahā - great, powerful, mighty
* Mahādeva - The Greatest of all Gods, Lord Shiva
* mahārāja - great king, emperor
* manas - mind, mental power
* mantra - incantation, prayer
* manuṣya - human
* maṇḍala - circle
* māyā - illusion, magic
* mleccha - babbler, barbarian, savage
	+ Used throughout many nations across Jerde not *directly* at other people, but to translate various words by civilisations towards those people that mean "barbarians" or "pejorative label".
* mokṣa - liberation, spiritual liberation
* mṛtyu - death
* mudra - seal
* mukti - liberation
* mukha - face
* mukhya - chief, principal

N

* nakta - night
* naraka, niraya - Hell
* nasate - to resort to, to approach
* naśyati - to be lost, to perish, to be gone, to disappear
* naṣṭa - lost, escaped, spoiled
* Naṭaraja - Lord of Dance, Shiva
* naṭyam - dance
* nava - nine
* nīlaḥ - blue
* niraya - going asunder, going to destruction; useless; hell

P

* pañca - five
* parama - high, extreme, greatest
* Pārvatī - She of the Mountains; the Goddess of Love and Beauty, also an aspect of Kali
* pāṭalaḥ - pink
* pāvaka - pure, shining, clean
* pāyu - guard, protector
* pītaḥ - yellow
* pitṛ - ancestor, elder, forefather
* prajña - wisdom, intelligence
* pralaya - destruction, apocalypse
* prāṇa - breath, life force
* puruṣa - man, male
* putra - son, child
* putrī - daughter

R

* rāga - rage
* rāja - king
* rajanī - night
* rakṣasa - monster
* rakta - red
* Rāma - the Bringer of Justice, the Righteous God-King, the Virtuous Exemplar
* ratna - gemstone
* rātri - night
* ratha - chariot
* Rudra - the Roaring One, the Wild One, the Fierce One
* rūpya - well-shaped, silver, coin, credit, drachma

Ṛ

* ṛddhi - increase, growth, prosperity, success, good fortune
* ṛkṣa - bear
* ṛṣi - sage, hermit, wise man
* ṛtu - season

S

* sadhana - meditation, to commune with the Gods
* sāgara - ocean
* samadhi - concentration, union
* samaya - time, coming together
* samrāj - supreme king
* samrāṭ - emperor
* samudra - sea, ocean
* saṃsara - wandering, suffering
* sāṃkhya - numeral, rational
* sapta - seven
* Sarasvati - She with Many Rivers, the Goddess of learning and knowledge
* satya - ideal, righteous, true
* sevaka - a servant, like a servant of Shiva or Rama
* Sīta - The Virtuous Queen, the Pure, the consort of Rama
* smṛti - remembrance, memory
* sūrya - Sun
* sūtra - string, thread, holy book
* suvarṇa - golden colour
* svadhā - custom, natural state, habit, inherent power
* svarṇa - gold substance
* svarga - Heaven
* svasti - good fortune, blessing, hail to you
* svatantra - independence

Ś

* śakti - power
* Śakti - the Infinite Goddess, Kali Ma
* śanti - peace
* śastra - treatise, manual, scripture, book
* śāśvata - eternal
* śila - principle
* śilā - stone
* śilpa - art, craft
* Śiva - the Auspicious One; the God of Destruction, Regeneration, Time, and Change
* Śrāvaṇa - Hearing; the fifth month of the Hindu calendar, the holy month of Lord Shiva
* śrī - lord
* śuci - pure, clean, holy, fire, holy fire
* śvetaḥ - white
* śyāmaḥ - black, dark-coloured, dim
* śyāvaḥ - brown

Ṣ

* ṣaṣ - six

T

* tantra - loom, weave, warp, practice
* tapas - glow, heat, penance
* tāra - star
* trayas - three

V

* vac - speech
* vajra - lightning; diamond
* vaṃsa - family, lineage, bamboo, sugarcane
* varṇa - colour, caste, class, quality
* vāyu - air
* Vibhīṣaṇa - the Formidable One, Ravana's younger and righteous brother
* vīmana - a flying pavilion or chariot
* Viṣṇu - the All-Pervader, the preserver God
* vṛkṣa - a tree, flowering tree
* vṛṇāti - to choose, to select

Y

* yajña - worship, sacrifice
* yakṣa - a nature spirit, a giant
* yakṣini - a female nature spirit or giant
* yantra - instrument, tool, machine, engine
* yato dharmastato jayaḥ - where there is dharma, there is victory
* yuddha - war

## Trivia

* Sanskrit is one of the author's favourite languages, alongside Hittite and Avestan.
* It was one of several influences for the structure of several languages the author created, such as Sarmelonid and Novantirna.

## See also

* Hindu divine beings
* Pallava
* Tuksharan glossary
* Porasonid glossary

### Other real languages

* Esperanto, Esperanto glossary
* Greek glossary
* Norse glossary

### Miscellaneous

* Gauvajut glossary
* Zarijanian glossary
* Bujanski glossary - some Bujanski words are from Sanskrit, as a classical language
* Rinnarit English glossary