Ecuadorian-Peruvian War

### Outcome

• Ecuadorian Victory• Staus Quo Antebellum• South American Cold War• Peru Destabilized

### Commanders

Ecuador: Carlos Alberto Arroyo Del Rio Peru: Eloy G. Ureta

### Place

Santiago Zamora Province and Napo Pastaza Province

### Next

•The Kalterkrieg

The Ecuadorian Peruvian War is a relatively small war with large geopolitical impacts on South America. Its origins were over a al large border dispute between Ecuador and Peru witch includes most of Internationally recognized Eastern Ecuador. The War was relatively short only leading to 3-4,000 casualties in Total. One of the things that made this was so interesting was the impact of foreign support witch allowed for Ecuadorian victory against Peruvian Forces in the conflict. This war's impacts are large on the rest of South America with the nations of the continent all taking different sides leading to two blocks on the Continent with Chile, Ecuador, Brazil, Venezuela, and Colombia being the liberal block, and Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Argentina forming the informal 'Andean Pact".

## Prelude:

The origins of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian War are mostly boiled down due to one major factor. There was (and still is) a large border dispute between Ecuador and Peru over their borders with Ecuador claiming territory all the way to the Amazon River while Peru believed that the border was at the Andean Mountain range. This dispute had attempts to solve it but it never made any conclusive results leading to the dispute continuing on. But after the end of the Brazilian Civil War a large number of Integralists fled to Peru who launched a coup in the nation leading to a ceasing of discussions relating to the topic. Tensions would continue to rise for the next few months as an easy solution to the dispute would end up becoming Impossible as the Integralist government would not accept anything other than complete victory in the dispute. With no solution available to the two nations Peru began to secretly mobilize believing that it could easily roll over Ecuador due to Ecuador having a substantially smaller army. However the other nations of the South American Continent had different idea for the course of the war. Columbia, Venezuela, Panama, Brazil, Chile, And other Latin American Countries would help fund the Ecuadorian Military and train it for the upcoming war despite the threat of military coup. May would go on with Peru sending its forces only a few kilometers from the border, but far enough back that the Ecuadorian scouts could not see the Peruvian troops. On June 5th with little warning Ecuadorian forces along the border would be hit with a wave of armored cars as Peru would launch a Blitzkrieg style attack hoping to end the war before it began, and thus began the Ecuadorian-Peruvian War.

## First Week:

The First few hours of the war were hectic in all of the meanings of the word. Ecuadorian Troops were caught in encirclements and large swaths of territory were captured. Communication was cut for many of these forces and it looked like that Ecuador had lost the war before it had even started. However Peruvian forces were also similarly confused due to bad maps in the region and the tropical terrain making it difficult to tell where they were. This led to Peruvian forces being vulnerable to ambushes and their communications were similarly unreliable. However Ecuadorian forces were using far better equipment and were eventually able to re-establish communication in about a day. Colombia would end up making contact with Ecuadorian forces with several units encircled and unable to get back to the main line they would evacuate into Colombia. This would unfortunately lead to the Ecuadorian forces having to give up the region temporarily to the Peruvians. After the region was completely evacuated, the Peruvian government would end up sending a peace deal to Ecuador but Ecuador would refuse as their forces arrived from Colombia and back onto Ecuadorian lines. Peru would respond to this by trying a large scale offensive but the mountainous terrain of the Andes would prevent advances in the East or the South. In the meantime the Ecuadorians were receiving reinforcements from other nations with volunteers from around Latin America coming to Ecuador. Ecuador would plan to use these new volunteers and launch an offensive in the second week of the war. Meanwhile Peru for the rest of the week would attempt to bombard Ecuador into submission via some Argentinian aircraft being lended to them. Quito would sustain moderate damage but as the war entered into its second week the course of the war became very clear.

## Second Week:

The Second Week of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian war were nothing short of a tactical masterpiece by the Ecuadorian army. A system was made that would allow for the clearing out of the jungle through methodical steps taking one area at a time until the entire Jungle was cleared. Several of these would be happening at the same time allowing for encirclements to still be possible despite some of the systems flaws in terms of its speed. However what made a lot of this possible was that Ecuador had receives so many volunteers that it's forces outnumbered those of Peru and it was able to drive back the Peruvians using sheer numbers in cases where the system did not work as intended. Only after 2 days all land captured within the first week was retaken and Peru was driven out of Ecuador. However the war would still continue as Ecuador would begin driving into Peru hoping to force the Peruvian government to accept the surrender. However Peru was getting more and more desperate and would end up requesting support from Argentina who would initially only send volunteers and equipment. But as it became clear that Peru would lose the war and likely its government if Ecuador continued advancing. So Argentina demanded that Ecuador withdrawal from the Loreto Department witch had nearly been entirely taken. But Brazil stated that if Argentina got involved it would attack Argentina for the border strip taken from it during the Civil War. However it would be Colombia that would ask for a peace deal to be signed in Lima with some mediation from other Latin American powers.

## Treaty of Lima:

The Treaty of Lima was a relatively light peace deal despite the amount of humiliation that Peru had taken. Peru was forced to pay Ecuador war reparations and some small border cessions but aside from that their was little else taken. Ecuador did not even ask for Peru to rescind it's claims on the region, Mostly because this was unacceptable to the Peruvian government. However the Treaty of Lima was more important than ever for South America despite it seeming to be perfectly normal. As the aftermath of the war would affect the continent greatly.

## Aftermath:

The Aftermath of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian war would set the stage for the modern day status of Latin America. Two blocs had been formed on the Continent with the "Andean Pact" having formed between Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Argentina. While a Democratic block had formed from every other country on the Continent. But some of the biggest changes would occur in the participating nations. Peru had been humiliated and its government would become unstable internally, however externally it would still save face and be able to block news from coming out about the internal issues. However this has still made it a prime location for Syndicalist agitators fleeing France. Ecuador meanwhile would end up fortifying itself as it became known as the "South American Switzerland" for the amount of Bunkers built within its territory. And this was not without reason as tensions continue to boil on the continent as Peru now has the backing of the strongest state in Latin America and it may get a bit to cocky...