1st Balkan War

The first Balkan War was a regional conflict during June 21st - September 17th 1905 between the United Balkan Front, consisting of the Kingdom of Serbia, Kingdom of Greece, Kingdom of Montenegro and the Tsardom of Bulgaria.

## Leading to the war

After the Balkan revolutions in wich the Ottoman Empire lost territory in the baldkans as Serbia, Montenegro, Greece and Bulgaria became independent, all of them had hatred against the Ottoman Empire and all wanted to kick them out of the balkan region, in 1901 all of those nations formed a temporary alliance known as the United Balkan Front (UBF).

### Two Front Preparation

In 1902, Serbian Spies snuck into a conference between Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire, in wich they discussed Asutria-Hungary would join the war on the side of the Ottoman Empire, in return for gold and land. When the Serbian king got to know this, they sent a telegram to the Russian King for help in the war, which they accepted, and for about a year tensions were high on the northern front, but Austria-Hungary was later dissolved in the Second German Brothers War, eliminating the treat of a two front war.

### Russian Support

Russia promised Serbia and the UBF support in the war if it would happen, in which, Russia sent cannons and other supplies a year before their civil war started. After the 1st Russian Civil war, Russia still sent a group of volounteers to Serbia to help in the war once it occured.

## During the war

The war was proof that the ottoman empire was now a struggling empire. The ottomen fought hard but kept getting pushed back on all fronts, which caused them heavy casualties. They lost several important battles and 10% of their army deserted the war andd either joined the UBF or fled to some balkan city within the UBF.

### Albanian Revolution

The Greek Prince, which had a Albanian mother, with support from Serbia and Greece, they started a revolution in now known as albania, which contributed to push the Ottomen eastward and which led to the Albanian indeooendence at the end of the war.

### The Thracian Offensive

The Thracian Offensive was mostly led by Bulgaria as they had just taken Eastern rumelia. They then quicklyuuu moved down into Thrace and squeezed them westward towards the Greeks. However, The Bulgarians had problems pushing through eastern Thrace which was controlled by the ottomen.

The ottomen dug trenches and sent all available soldiers and 1000 artillery units to eastern thrace. Even after the rest of the UBF got there, nobody was able to break through the lines, and eventually the war had to be called to an end.

## Treaty of Sofia

The Treaty of Sofia marked the end of the first balkan war.

* Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece, Albania, Montenegro annexes all occupied lands
* Ottoman Empire has to pay war reparations
* Albania becomes independent
* Russia gets 5% state treasury from Ottoman Empire
* UBF and Albania gets 5% state treasury from Ottoman Empire
* Ottoman Empire has to demilitarize eastern thrace for 3 years
* United Balkan Front gets disbanded

## Aftermath

The war lead to a weakened reputation for the ottoman empire on the world stage, aswell as a weakened military and morale for the otttoman empire.

It also lead to the formation of the Kingdom of Serbia and Montenegro.