Humans

**Humans** are a species of bipedal, mammal-like beings that build civilisations and invent various tools.

## Biology

Humans consist of average-sized beings of two upper limbs tipped with a hand of five fingers, and two lower limbs with a foot of five toes at each.

Human bodies developed different features for each physical sex: males have deeper voices, more toughness and physical strength (if they stay physically fit), and are more likely to be aggressive; while females have more visible breasts on their chests, lighter voices, and (depending on culture or preference) longer hair.

Owing to a slightly different DNA structure and millennia of genetic manipulation, humans from Jerde tend to be stronger, smarter, and more resistant to diseases than Earth humans. Their genetics also makes them more prone to artificial mutation, but also makes them less sexually-active (they compensate that with better fertility in some cases).

## Races and ethncities (Rabydosverse)

### True humans of Jerde

* Mannurlings (northern Palkyras, most of Daleskarnia, most of Randros, northern Darros, northwest Laron: "White", peach skin)
	+ True Mannurlings
		- Darroskei
			* Bujanski
			* Turodarians
			* Nevkrenians
			* Sevestranians
			* Narivians
			* Pogimmelians
		- Rakolans
			* Marnosyns
			* Arkolans
			* Uvjorans
			* Rakolans of Heronoja
		- Nordics/Rannarisk
			* Besotrosk
				+ Hothrovians
			* Baesorjans
			* Freyrgardians
		- Randrosians
			* Ardeschen
			* Rexorians
		- Tuksharans
		- Archonians
		- Elloneo
	+ Near-Mannurlings (mixed ancestry)
		- Assuwelli
			* Gauvajuts
				+ Bavoltarians
			* Londurilli
		- Zarijanians
			* Kalambouris
* Pelgir (Elen, Polsarju, southern Palkyras: "White", peach skin)
	+ Elennians
	+ Polsarjuns
* Rifandians (Rifandi, southern Palkyras: "Black", dark brown skin)
	+ Nandu
		- Kikorins
		- Ronqovians
		- Yawandians
		- Kwiambians
		- Ugwelians
		- Iferians
		- Omayerans
		- Iralians
		- Aujarsax
		- Cebwovians
	+ Undii
		- Wayras (rulers of Mairi)
		- Kunebians
		- Iralians
	+ Fena
		- Fundire
* Vozonids (central Palkyras: reddish skin)
	+ Irajonians
	+ Central Vozonids/East Vozonids
	+ Arantarese
	+ Perenians (descendants of Vozonids who did not adopt Gauvajut classical culture)
	+ Old Southerners (descendants of earlier Vozonid peoples south of Vozolaz)
* Auguntum (southern Palkyras: reddish skin)
	+ Bivosar/Arosilans
	+ Sakautari
	+ Siangwaanian aborigines
		- Kjongkjong
		- Uweh'tal
	+ Varn Vennians
	+ Srononids
* Thesanii, Kekhaulids (southern Palkyras: russet skin)
	+ Paltuas
	+ Prumarins
* Meaeska (southern Palkyras: crimson skin)
* Tolurids (southeastern Palkyras: russet skin)
	+ Miandais
	+ Zamthika
* Umidalhja (northern and central Darros: tan or russet skin)
	+ Tchukorjans
	+ Tirrians (of Tirkiatlor Isthmus and nearby lands)
* Wilaken (east of Laron: reddish skin)
	+ Wonao of Bujan and Irajon
	+ Borundians
	+ Iozaeans
* Kradai-khon (southeastern Laron: brown skin)
	+ Chiangraians
	+ Lanxiangians
	+ Hlans
* Khmarei (southern and southeastern Laron: brown to crimson skin)
	+ Mohachoians
	+ Mon-Dwarowas
	+ Sai Laans
	+ Nuongs
* Tangatids (southeastern Laron: brown skin)
	+ Chanambai
	+ Daranians
	+ Maramingians
	+ Hilawians
	+ Arusians
	+ Sebalens
	+ Surcaris
	+ Kandukans
	+ inhabitants of Klemanta
	+ Hiriwans
	+ Hilans
* Kumulkians (southeastern Laron: dark brown skin)
* Laronians (most of eastern Laron: tan skin)
	+ Daizhouvians
		- Siangwaanians
	+ Tamaturans
	+ Afangurians
	+ Ragiseans
	+ Tchukorjans
	+ Hmoongs
	+ Nipsus
	+ Zhang Lans
	+ Pjuvians
	+ Khanei
	+ Linnongs
* Aradalins (eastern Esami: tan skin)
	+ Afangurians
	+ Ragiseans
	+ Tamaturans
* Pitorins (eastern Esami: tan skin)
	+ Pinogunians
		- Jamatö
		- Pajato-kinawi
		- Adumi
		- Kumaso
		- Kudu
		- Misibase
	+ Murujima-bitu
* Pirkainu (eastern Esami: tan skin)
	+ Ensiu
	+ Paramosirians
* Sabalanak (eastern Esami: maroon skin)
	+ Asabala
	+ Jonkowain
	+ Lutarissi
* Gotureans (western Esami, southern Darros: tan skin)
	+ Eibeqler
	+ Shekaris
	+ Khydollor
	+ Tchukorjans
	+ Dilginim
	+ Djasilanlar
	+ Bulambekler
	+ Jeringollar
	+ Ojontirlar
	+ Mynggaralar
* Omakrins (southern Darros, brown skin)
	+ Pisolvanlar
	+ Eis'chelar
	+ Jetjuldizlar
	+ Eltizin
	+ Holgowetians
* Tornarins/Vilonids (Toralis, western Palkyras: brown skin)
* Rankamids (central Palkyras: brown skin)
	+ Gimbarsians
* Zaranids (eastern Randros, Hazara, southern Palkyras: tan skin)
	+ Rabydosians
	+ Umbirabians
	+ Zaranians
* Aryani (western Laron: brown to tan skin)
	+ Dashadeshans
	+ Prisapurans
	+ Mandalis
	+ Tambavannians
* Damilhans (southwestern Laron: brown skin)
	+ Mucchirians
* Vaeddo
	+ Vaeddo (Tambavanni)
* Thralii (eastern Randros: crimson skin)
	+ Thralondians
	+ Derruvins
* Mixed?

### True humans outside Jerde

As many of these humans live at various planets scattered all over the Galaxy, no two cultures or societies from the same race (or even the same planet or region) are alike, in a bigger scale than on Jerde. Most humans live at the northwestern quadrant of the Galaxy (where the Londirilli civilisations ruled them), or around the southern part of the Galaxy.

* Freyrgardians (peach skin)
* Baranorians (peach skin)
* Vozonids (reddish skin)
* Navagrahans (brown skin)
* Londurilli (tan, brown skin)
* Zardarins (peach skin)
* Tusharins (peach skin)
* Yinghovians and Hsindangians (tan skin)
* Rodinians (peach skin)
* Mwenarians (dark brown skin)
* Baranorians (various shades of light brown)

### Humans from other dimensions

These are various human races that were not from Jerde's universe, but from other dimensions and universes. Many of them were invaders and raiders.

* Brosaddar (peach skin)
* Terrans (various)
	+ "Terran bone-whites", Plunderers (peach skin) - These Terrans were from an "American" culture, notorious for forcing atheist Nandegakko to adopt a stricter form of atheism.
	+ Kuelgon Terrans (various, but mostly peach skin) - Relatives to the "bone whites" or "Plunderers", these exiles were the bulk and pride of the Sixteenth Galactic Empire. They were among the cruellest warriors and the most heartless scammers and hackers in the Galaxy during their time, to the point that human and grifa nations hated them as demons. One of their most infamous members, Nefta Bobby, became a curse among the other peoples against the Terran humans.

### Near-humans and species similar to humans

The author uses "hominid" to refer to species that are closely related to humans, especially Jerdiskar humans.

* Arnadjanai (peach, tan skin)
	+ Jennomborins
	+ Bujanski Arnadjanai
	+ Kitasian Arnadjanai
	+ Nandesrin
* Epadwaranai (peach skin)
	+ Pelarins
	+ Harolans
	+ Heronoi
		- Millasians
		- Waxeroi

* Vigefionians (peach skin)
	+ Multadlo
	+ Valgetans
* Imdegabat (tan and brown skin)
* Greyfolk (pale skin)
	+ The greyfolk are a species of hominid that diverged from the ancestors of ancient humanity around the First Age. They are the only other sapient lifeform that is native to the planet Jerde.
	+ Qogandrians
	+ Nadjalunians
	+ Sriqondoin
	+ Zilenuni
	+ Olqolorindi
* Hybrids (various, depending on ancestry)

### Differences from Earth humans:

* More technologically-advanced
* Longer history
* Different genetics, making them prone to artificial mutation
	+ Thousands of years ago, the Human Sanctification Project altered human genetics on Jerde, making them more intelligent, prone to developing superpowers from mutation, and seeking to be more "civilised". However it made them more likely to refuse sex.
* More resistant to diseases, stronger and healthier
	+ This was the result of the Great Uplifting, when various serums made Jerdiskar humans smarter, stronger, and healthier. It took place two thousand years after the HSP.
* Less sexually-active; more fertile, intelligent, and modest.
	+ This results in a higher rate of people being born asexual, and asexuality being viewed as a sign of intelligence and freedom. In any typical middle-sized or large Jerdiskar country, around eight to ten percent of the population are either asexual or childless.
	+ Jerdiskar humans tend to do other things instead of having any sex. To them, sex is only a commitment within marriage or romance, or to reproduce.
	+ As a result, pornography does not arouse them, although they do when they see exposed body parts or attractive bodies. In fact, some Jerdiskar get disgusted when they see nudity or sex.
	+ So if they have a low birth rate or if they are close to extinction, they start marrying and/or having sex. If not, they will make clones of themselves with enough technology and sample cells.
* Most of its people worship many gods: atheism and monotheism are viewed as exceptions instead of the norm
* Although they consider their ancestors to be sacred, they are fine with people making fun of \*some\* of them (such as criminals, artists, writers, celebrities, politicians, chefs, etc.)
* Most people cremate the deceased (except for people from certain cultures, such as Gimbarish, parts of Rifandi, and Zarijana)
* Social norms are more conservative
* They are more proud of their respective races, but most of them do not go to war against other races. They also tend to treat racial identity more seriously, but many of them are fine with interracial relationships (except for many Mannurling countries, Heronoja, Borunda, and several other ethnostates).
* A sort of "instinct" to be more "civilised". As a result, they avoid:
	+ urinating or excreting at people or objects (except toilets),
	+ handling excrement except to dispose it or recycle it,
	+ cannibalism,
	+ human sacrifice (killing someone for the sake of a supernatural being),
	+ complete nudity (in some cases),
	+ rape,
	+ casual sex (in many cases),
	+ race wars,
	+ religious wars

## In the Collectionverse and Rinnarverse

Humans are the dominant species of the planet Earth, and the only known sapient life-form in the universe.

Some people classify Earth humans into different, clear-cut races, based on their genetic origins, physical features, and cultural standards. Their theories have fallen into disuse due to recent scientific research, and their association with discrimination throughout history.

Some people instead seek to make all human "races" into a single ethnicity, mainly to put a quick end to racism, poverty, inequality, individuality, and pollution. Among these advocates include the Earth Union, who seeks to impose a global government by force.

In later times, humans diverged into several mutated races and ethnicities, due to centuries of isolation and frequent genetic modification. Two such subspecies developed from humans are the Galaxials and the Snowfolk. However, humans in the future setting of the Rinnarverse are healthier and a little stronger than humans in the 21st century due to widespread gene modifications.

### Differences from Earth humans:

#### Physical

* Humans of the Rinnarverse now comprise of six main subspecies, due to many years of genetic manipulation and separation from Earth.
	+ Unionite humans:
		- cybernetic, may control machines just by waving hands or thinking, may also generate or absorb electricity
		- Unionite humans who live beyond the Sol System tend to be clones and their descendants, so they were known as "Outliers" to differentiate them from the natural humans of Earth.
	+ Shielded/Unmarked humans:
		- like 21st-century humans, but healthier and stronger. More masculine or feminine.
		- The American diasporas would be counted as Unmarkeds.
	+ West Galactic humans/Vetarbroitar/Vebroitians
		- taller, stronger, faster, healthier
		- mostly of Caucasian origin
	+ Cospolin humans
		- more prone to genetic mutation, brighter hair colours and darker skin, rapid healing and metabolism
	+ East Galactic humans
		- moderately-sized, racially-diverse
* West and East Galactics, Cospolins, and Outliers tend to be descended from clones, resulting in some of their personalities and attitudes being "locked" into their genetics.
* If any human were to have children with another human from a different subspecies, their children will belong to whoever their genes is strongest towards.
	+ E.g. A Cospolin marries a Unionite and have children. Their eldest son, Uluthando, will be a Cospolin with green hair and quick healing; his sister Ulwazi is also a Cospolin with black hair and better eyesight; and the younger daughter Amahle will be a Unionite who can control lightning.

* Certain mutant races, such as Galaxials and Snowfolk, are no longer considered as true humans, as their genetics have become more different from usual human genes.
* Due to genetic research and improvements, humans from this timeline have:
	+ healthier and stronger bodies (people from the 21st century seem weaker and more wicked)
	+ better intelligence
	+ the ability to control their own bodies' fertility without needing medicine or condoms
		- This led to some nations, such as the United States, being more permissive of sex, resulting in more public sex and orgies.

#### Cultural

* Unionites tend to be collectivist, atheistic, hedonistic, very supportive of non-heterosexuals and more obsessed with sex. They also love change.
	+ They do not like Western culture, conservatism of any form, children, families, modesty, spiritual beliefs, and old age.
	+ Unionites tend to feel uneasy if they are not surrounded by security cameras or surveillance equipment. They prefer to protect themselves or fight supposed threats instead of having other people protect them (i.e. police forces).
	+ Sexual abstinence and castration are something many Unionites and Outliers fear.
* Unmarkeds tend to be conservative, heteronormative, religious. Their lack of interest in sex may be due to mutation from drinking certain kinds of medicine.
	+ American Unmarkeds (who were regarded as outcasts by the Galactics) instead fall under two broader categories:
		- Amecons - modest, bad-tempered, fiercely independent, neat or slobbish, religious (Christian), violent. The Amecons tend to be either neat and devout Christians, or vulgar libertines who wanted to fulfill every base desire.
		- Amelios - playful, vulgar, secular, outgoing, rebellious, hedonistic, protective of non-heterosexuals. Sex is like a need for them, even more so than the Unionites that they oppose!
			* Amecons have Christmas, the Super Bowl (February), Thanksgiving (June 17), July 4, saints' days, MLK Day (January), Memorial Day (May), Kentucky Derby (May), Juneteenth, Baseball Day (July), Prayer Day (May), Valentine's Day, Hanukkah, Mother's and Father's Days, Democracy Day (November), Black Friday, and Easter as their main festivals.
			* Amelios instead have Pride Month (June 1), May 1, Black History Month (February 1), Women's Day, Human Rights Day (Dec 10), Burning Man (September), Darwin Day (February 12), MLK Day (January), Juneteenth, Hanukkah, Earth Day, Democracy Day, and the anniversaries of pop culture icons as their main festivals.
		- Many Amecons and Amelios tend to get into fights whenever they meet: those who choose to make peace with the other side are expelled by their communities as part of the "other side".
		- Some "reformed" Amecons and Amelios exist, who practice their cultures in a more peaceful manner. Reformed Amecons tend to promote individualism, diligence, modesty, and the traditional nuclear family; while Reformed Amelios tend to promote diversity, inclusion, accountability, and entertainment.
	+ Marixai Unmarkeds were the denizens of the galactic southeast. They live under hardy socialistic regimes that refused to submit to the Earth Union's authority, but instead converted to a religion that worships Karl Marx as their god, hence their name. A few of these Marixai nations are wealthy, but authoritarian; and the rest are poorer as they do not produce as much as their rivals.
* Galactic humans tend to be conservative, religious, anti-American, anti-Earthling, and individualistic.
	+ Attitudes towards sex vary between their different societies: many societies have restrict sex only to marriage, while some (like the West Galactics) are more permissive of casual sex and pornography.
	+ Many West Galactics practice a Norse culture, and some even hate Abrahamic religions for what its believers did to their ancestors. They also tend to practice collective guilt against any enemy they find.
	+ West Galactics tend to be more warlike and aggressive, after years of hatred against the Earth Union, and fears that the Earth Union might either drown them in its social system or exterminate them.
	+ West Galactics tend to be more polytheist, while monotheism is more common among East Galactics. Asatru is more common among the galactic north; Christianity is common among the galactic west to northeast; and the galactic east has Christian and Muslim majorities.
	+ East Galactic humans and Americans tend to be more supportive of non-heterosexuals.
	+ Christian Galactics celebrate Christmas either on December 25 (Catholic, Protestant), January 6 (Orthodox), or June 17 (neo-Protestant, Galactic). They also depict Jesus as an Arab, as they believe His people during His time looked more like Arabs.
	+ West Galactics have Grandpa Jolnir deliver presents to them on Yule, while East Galactics prefer Johnny Hedgehog ride on a phoenix with a bagpipe or fiddle.
	+ Many Galactics were designed not to feel any trauma at all, making them more likely to be merciless or recklessly self-destructive. Trauma (especially being hurt from words) is viewed by the Galactics as a sign of weakness and is associated with the Earth Union.
* Cospolin humans are more individualistic, and they love beauty. They also prefer diplomacy and tolerance over wars and purges.
	+ They are also supportive of non-heterosexuals: even more so than the Unionites.
	+ They are still wary of American culture over what the Americans did up to World War III.

## Trivia

* You (the reader) and the author are humans, just like everyone else on this planet.
* Igarinoids refer humans as *manu*, after the Freyrgardian word *mann* and the Tuksharan-Sanskrit word *manuṣya*. A derisive term that evolved from intentional mispronunciations of those terms include *mangul*, "human mangler" or "savage human".
	+ Vigefionians call humans *thestrai* or *thessai*, after a word for "doll" because humans were not as advanced as them.
	+ Imdegabat and Nabenans also refer humans as *manat*, but they also insultingly call humans *guti* or *guz*, which mean "barbarian" or "blockhead".