recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Aphex J Pre 500

**Aphex J Pre 500** is a pre-amp for the 500 series.

## Official description

>
> The J PRE 500 is inspired by the flagship Aphex 1788A remote controlled used in studios, on stage and in broadcast. They both use the same Jensen JT11K8 nickel input transformer while the J PRE 500 also features a Jensen JT-11DL nickel output-balancing transformer. The single J PRE 500 provides affordable access to he legendary 1788A sound.
>
>
> The J PRE 500 features Aphexs patented Mic-Limiter technology that works before the preamp. With the limiter on, its nearly impossible to clip the input of the preamp, making the J PRE 500 ideal for no-second-chance recording.
>
>
> Features
>
>
>
> * Front panel 10Mohm, 1/4 input for the connection of instruments like guitar and bass. This input overrides the input on the rear of the receiving frame when connected.
> * A 3-way switch allows the selection of +16, +20 or +24dBu output levels.
> * The 20-segment input meter allows input levels to be easily seen, even from a distance.
> * 65 dB of gain to properly operate dynamic, condenser and ribbon microphones and a 26dB pad for very loud sources.
> * Illuminated buttons control Phantom Power, Phase Reverse, 75Hz High Pass Filter and Mic Limiter on/off.
>
>
> Applications:
>
>
> Live Performance: The Aphex 1788A is an industry standard mic pre for live performance. It is commonly used for award shows like The Grammys, The Academy Awards and The Country Music Awards. The J PRE 500 is inspired by the preamp from the 1788A and includes Aphexs patented Mic-Limiter technology that works before the preamp for those times when there is no second take.
>
>
> Professional Studio Recording: When you plug into the J PRE-500, youll instantly think This is the real deal this is the sound people think of when they hear professional recordings from a big name studio!. The input also makes it easy to run instruments through the mic pre without using a direct box.
>
>
> Voice Over/ADR Recording: The J PRE 500 provides excellent sound for voice. The patented Aphex MicLims also come in handy when screaming or yelling is required in a recording. Youll capture excellent sound quality without clipping the input of the preamp.
>
>
> Specifications
>
>
> Input
>
>
>
> * Type: Jensen JT-11K8-APC transformer, instrumentation second stage
> * Impedance: 700 ohm nominal
> * Instrument Impedance: 10M ohm nominal
> * CMRR: >90dB @ 60Hz
> * Gain Range: +26dB to +65dB (no pad, +24 level)
> * Pad: 26dB
> * Max Input Level (limiter off): 0dBu (no pad), +26dBu (pad)
> * Limiter: Aphex MicLim
> * Low Cut: 3rd order, -3dB @ 80Hz
>
>
> Output
>
>
>
> * Type: Transformer balanced, Jensen JT-11-DL
> * Nominal Level: +4dBu
> * Maximum Level (Meter 0dB): +24/+20/+16 dBu switchable
> * Impedance: 100 ohm nominal
>
>
> Audio
>
>
>
> * THD: <0.003% @ +4dBu out
> * Frequency Response: +0.1/-1.0dB <10Hz to 45kHz
> * EIN: -125dBu @ max gain
>
>
> Power
>
>
>
> * Current draw: 95mA
>
>
>
Fredenstein Magic Pre

**Fredenstein Magic Pre** is a pre-amp for the 500 series, manufactured by Fredenstein.

## History

It is unknown if the Fredenstein Magic Pre has been released (it only appears on the official Fredenstein web site).

## Official description

>
> The MAGIC PRE microphone preamplifier's most obvious feature is the green glowing “magic eye” vintage vacuum tube for output level indication. The “Magic Eye” tube is perhaps the most attention grabbing visual feature of this preamp and something everybody notices in any rack. Besides being just fun and another way to impress clients, this visual treat complements the rich vintage character of the preamp. The “eye” closes near optimal output levels.
> The preamp follows what may be thought of as a very traditional topology that uses both an input transformer and an output transformer. Both are high quality American made transformers. The steel-core output transformer in particular is a very important sound shaping component which helps produce a smooth vintage touch without being dark or just “mid-rangy” or mushy.
>
>
> A single discrete amplifier is used for the active gain element and there are no chip based amplifiers in the signal path. To achieve an unusual high level of performance the circuit is based on our OPA2 discrete audio operational amplifier. As in all Fredenstein products, the OPA2 is not a copy of an older design, but is a completely new design manufactured in SMT technology with matched and integrated dual input transistors to guarantee vastly improved specifications compared to older designs. The OPA2, in the tradition of similar modules, is socketed and can be exchanged without tools. The industry standard pin-out makes it compatible with many other amplifier modules.
>
>
> A 2 MOhms high impedance direct input is located on the front-panel, it accepts unbalanced signals, the rear microphone input is automatically disconnected when a plug is inserted in the DI connector.
>
>
> The features include a maximum gain of 70 dB, a 20 dB Pad, and Phantom-Power support, plus a new feature simply labeled “Color”. The “Color” switch is intended to produce some tube-like harmonic content that, while not calling attention to itself, can bring some sounds to life and bring them forward in the mix and seem to make them sound more detailed and dimensional. While the color circuit does increase distortion, the audible effect is subtle enough that few people would ever describe the effect as “distorted”.
>
>
> As all Fredenstein products, the Magic Pre is designed by a German-American team and manufactured in Taiwan.
>
>
>
>
Extremely complex mechanics in multiplayer games makes it hard to get your friends involved.

The whole point of a multiplayer game is to find other people to play with. Some games set up mechanics so complex that it becomes very difficult to get your friends to play. The best example of this ever is Magic:The Gathering. It's a game that is played in person with other people and requires a good deal of time and money to get involved.

Once you do you will find that there are actually payed positions and certification exams for people who understand the rules well enough to unravel them. Virtually every long time player will be able to give you examples of extremely frustrating losses because their opponent was simply more familiar with the rules.

## Other Examples

### League of Legends

While it has a major following online, league of legends has an extremely high learning curve, which leaves beginning players out of the game. with veteran players stating it took them over a year to be proficient at the game.

###

### Call of Duty

This game is applicable in the online setting. When you are a new person trying to play this game with others that are more experienced, it's extremely frustrating because you'll die many times in a row because you're trying to learn the precise way to shoot and sneak up on other players. This is why it's difficult when playing with others in a multiplayer setting.
Bereich03 Audio Fader

**Bereich03 Audio Fader** is a fader module for the 500 series, manufactured by Bereich03 Audio.

## History

The Bereich03 Audio Fader was released in 2015.

## Official description

>
> **Fader:**
>
>
> If you want make your Fade-Out by hand, this is the way to go.
>
>
> The Fader is a Penny & Giles stereo Fader.
>
>
>
>

## References

1. ↑ https://www.gearslutz.com/board/new-products-coming-soon/999755-musikmesse-2015-modular-mastering-desk-bereich03-audio.html
DON Classics NV73

**DON Classics NV73** is a pre-amp for the 500 series.

## Official description

>
> **Overview**
>
>
>
> * 0dB line setting to warm up your digital recordings while mixing
> * Output attenuator allows more sound options
> * Impedance switch lets you choose 300 ohms for your old ribbon mics
> * DC-DC converter to change the +-16V(32V total) to 24V so the module just sees a clean single 24V rail.
> * Slow start circuit, meaning the module never uses more than the 130mA allowed. Even inrush current stays below 130mA.
>
>
> **Specs**
>
>
>
> * Input (incl. Line setting) are transformer balanced/earth free
> * Microphone Input: Gain 0dB to + 65db in 5dB steps. (around 71dB with Lo Z button pressed)
> * Mic Input impedance: around 1200 ohms normally; or 300 ohms (with Lo Z pressed)
> * Output: Maximum output is >+26dBu into 600 ohms.
> * Output is transformer balanced and earth free
> * Output impedance: Around 50ohms
> * Freq Response: +0dB/-0.5dB 20Hz to 20kHz.
> * ±16 vdc converted to single 24V rail inside module. Total current draw 125mA max
> * Output pot: unity at CW, mute at CCW. -6dB at midpoint
> * Polarity flips 180 degrees when pressed in
> * Phantom 48V applied when in down position.
>
>
>
Bereich03 Audio Tilt-EQ

**Bereich03 Audio Tilt-EQ** is an EQ for the 500 series, manufactured by Bereich03 Audio.

## History

The Bereich03 Audio Tilt-EQ was released in 2015.

## Official description

>
> This is a Tilt-EQ with 6 different corner Frequencies.
> The EQ is based on two custom-made Inductors and one discret OpAmp per channel.
>
>
>
>

## References

1. ↑ https://www.gearslutz.com/board/new-products-coming-soon/999755-musikmesse-2015-modular-mastering-desk-bereich03-audio.html
Purple Audio LilPEQr

**Purple Audio LilPEQr** is an equalizer module for the 500 series. It is based on the Eisen Audio LILPEQr.

## Official description

>
> Designed by Eisen Audio for Purple Audio.
>
>
> The LILPEQr and LILPEQr-M\* emulate the colorful 3D richness and useful responses of our favorite vintage tube (aka valve) program EQs (namely, the Lang PEQ-1 and the Klangfilm RZ062), but in a compact, solid-state format. The LILPEQr and LILPEQr-M will add air, weight, and glue to an already balanced mix. Additionally you can also use the LILPEQr and LILPEQr-M to immediately and intuitively alter the overall tone of an individual source. The LILPEQr is our take on the classic program (aka final mix) equalizer. It offers high and low frequency shelving bands, each with three carefully selected corner frequencies to choose from, and a switchable fader knob for overall level control.
>
>
> When the EQ is first switched in (center switch position – “IN” – LED off) your signal is injected passively into the tone network, directly following the input transformer. As with many classic program equalizers, this configuration allows for the ultimate in wide, lush, mix-buss response with extra “glue” and all that richness.
>
>
> Flip the switch one more click (upper switch position – “IN+Level” – LED red) to activate the buffered “Level” control. Placed in between the input transformer and EQ network, these discrete, class A buffers change the response ever so slightly, making the signal seem a bit tighter and more focused. This mode is more useful on individual sources within a mix.
>
>
> Relay true bypass (lower switch position – “BYP” – LED green) allows for easy before and after EQ comparisons, and a simple overall circuit path allows for wide bandwidth so that everything passes through… sounding better! In program mode (“IN”), with both EQ knobs centered, frequency response is +/- 0.5dBu from 20Hz to 20kHz, and extends below 10Hz and well beyond 120kHz before any drooping occurs.
>
>
>
> * The LILPEQr-M also includes stepped potentiometers for stereo matching and easy recall specifically in mastering situations.
>
>
>
AL.SO MP1

**AL.SO MP1** is a pre-amp for the 500 series, manufactured by AL.SO.

## History

The AL.SO MP1 was released in 2008. The production of the module ceased in 2013.

## Official description

>
> 60 db Mic/Line Preamp
> PRICE : 595 € ex VAT
>
>
> Fully compatible with API® 500 series format.
>
>
>
> * Transformer input (Sowter Custom Transformer), electronicaly balanced output.
> * 48V Phantom Power switch
> * Passive phase reverse circuitry.
> * Inputs available on front and rear connector
> * No audio passing in switches, all switching made with relays.
> * High quality Clarostat potentiometers.
> * Performances:-2dB to 60dB gain
> * THD at 60 dB gain:0,007% @ 1 kHz
> * THD at-2dB dB gain:0,0041%@ 1 kHz
> * Bandwith at 60 dB gain:10Hz/100 kHz: ± 0,3 dB
> * Bandwith at -2 dB gain:10Hz/100 kHz: ± 1 dB
> * Power: draw less than 90mA per voltage rail.
>
>
> Please, note that MP1 is one channel of an MP2 in one unit.
>
>
> Exist in CALIFORNIA EDITION, using JENSEN 990 C OP AMP: 699 € ex VAT
>
>
>
>

## External links

* Official product page (at web.archive.org)

## References

1. ↑ https://www.gearslutz.com/board/product-alerts-older-than-2-months/331203-al-so.html
2. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20120315000000\*/http://www.alternatesoundings.fr/?page\_id=72
Focusrite Red 1 500

**Focusrite Red 1 500 Series Mic Pre** is a pre-amp for the 500 series.

## History

The Focusrite Red 1 500 was released in 2013.

## Official description

>
> Introducing the return of the legendary Red Series mic preamp, the Focusrite Red 1 500 Series Mic Pre, a module for the popular 'Lunchbox' format. As with the original Red range, this new module will also be 'Made in England'. Focusrite’s Red Range gained legendary status following its release in 1992. The Red mic preamps rapidly became sought-after in the world’s top studios, with their unique signature sound and ability to perform faultlessly on a wide range of instruments with almost any microphone.
>
>
> **Features:**
>
>
>
> * Classic Red circuit topology and components A mono mic preamp that uses the same circuit design and components as the original Red mic pre - the Red 1
> * 500-series 'Lunchbox' format For the first time, a Focusrite product is available in this popular portable format.
> * Original input & output transformers Features the same Lundahl LL1538 input transformer and custom Carnhill output transformer as the original Focusrite Red 1 and Red 8 microphone preamps. \*The use of these very high quality transformers gives the Red Series its transparent and expensive-sounding character.
> * Grayhill gold-plated military-grade gain switch The switched gain structure of the Red 1 500 Series Mic Pre means you can accurately recall preamp settings and, with a solid, super-reliable, gold-plated selector switch, you know you’ll get repeatable results.
> * Suitable for virtually any microphone With a gain range of 66dB and a carefully chosen input impedance, the Red 1 500 Series Mic Pre is perfect for almost any microphone, be it ribbon, dynamic or condenser.
> * Backlit VU meter with switchable calibration The built-in VU meter helps gain accurate results, with calibration to ensure your levels are always spot-on.
>
>
>

## References

1. ↑ https://www.gearslutz.com/board/product-alerts-older-than-2-months/801659-namm-focusrite-red-1-500-series-mic-pre.html
Sound Skulptor MP5.99

**Sound Skulptor MP5.99** is a pre-amp for the 500 series, manufactured by Sound Skulptor.

## History

The Sound Skulptor MP5.99 was released in 2013.

## Official description

>
> The MP 5.99 is based on one SK99 discrete Op-Amp, one Lundahl input transformer and one Lundahl output transformer. Because of the high performance, mu-metal core Lundahl transformers, the MP 5.99 features the warmth of the iron but it is also an extremely transparent mic pre that will capture all sound sources with extreme finesse.
>
>
> The MP 5.99 is great on all transient rich sources like acoustic and percussive instruments. It will shine in close or distant miking applications.
>
>
> Just install it in your API\* compatible LunchboxTM rack and start recording.
>
>
> Highlights
>
>
>
> * SK99 low noise, wide bandwith Discrete Op-Amp (DOA) pinout compatible with the API\* 2520
> * Lundahl transformers on input and output
> * 66 dB of gain
> * Dual track gain potentiometer for precise gain setting, even in high gains
> * Variable output pad
> * DC servo eliminates linking capacitors.
> * Fet DI input, relay switched, the signal passes through the input transformer
> * Signal/Clip LED monitors signal with full wave rectifier
> * All low level signals switched by relays
> * Golden contacts on relays and switches
> * Nicely damped quality conductive plastic potentiometer
> * 1% metal film resistors
> * High grade 105°C low ESR electrolytic capacitors
> * High grade double sided PCB with plated holes
> * Easy build: the DOA is optionnally pre-assembled and tested
> * Available assembled or as a full kit (everything included)
>
>
>

## References

1. ↑ https://www.gearslutz.com/board/product-alerts-older-than-2-months/822416-new-kit-sound-skulptor.html
Alctron MP73a

**Alctron MP73a** is a pre-amp for the 500 series, manufactured by Alctron.

## Official description

>
> **Introduction**
>
>
> The MP73a is a 500 Series microphone preamp it is a one-channel vintage style microphone, line and instrument preamplifier. The signal path uses only discrete components like resistors, capacitors and transistors. The microphone and line input and the line output are transformer balanced, using two different transformers, each one optimized for its purpose. Great use for guitars, bass, keyboards and other instruments.
>
>
> The circuit used in the MP73a is similar to the preamp section in the classical 1073 module with a cor- responding sound character that is warm, punchy, sweet and musical. These classic characteristics have been heard on countless recordings through the years and it is a versatile sound that works very well on most sound sources and in most genres. The essence of this sound is now available at a surprisingly low cost, making it available to nearly everyone.
>
>
> **Specifications**
>
>
>
> * Vintage Style electronics, no integrated circuits in the signal path
> * Transformer balanced, fully floating output
> * Enough microphone gain to handle passive ribbon microphones with quiet sound sources
> * Total gain range from -15 to +80 dB
> * Switchable impedance on microphone input, 1200 or 300 ohms
> * Switchable phantom power with a LED indicator
> * A flexible front panel instrument input for additional sound sources
> * Make fine gain adjustments and overload the main gain stage(s) for more character
> * Phase switch
> * Selectable AIR equalizer adds a small boost above 10 kHz
> * Selectable 600 ohm Output Termination at the back of the module
> * Compatible with 500 series rack formats
> * 48 volt Phantom Powe
>
>
>

## References

1. ↑ https://www.gearslutz.com/board/low-end-theory/1114699-alctron-factory-now-selling-oem-generic-pre-573s.html
2. ↑ http://m.midifan.com/news\_body.php?id=22931
Joemeek meQ

**Joemeek meQ** is an equalizer for the 500 series, manufactured by Joemeek.

## Official description

>
> 500 Series EQ with Four Bands, Shelving Switches On Both Hi and Low Bands, and "Q" Controls On Both Mid Bands
>
>
> The Joemeek meQ 500 Series EQ gives you the sought-after sound of the famed Meequalizer, with improved control. You get four bands with boost/cut controls for each, shelving switches on both hi and low bands, and "Q" controls on both mid bands. With electronically balanced outputs and audiophile-grade Burr Brown amplifiers used throughout the signal path, the meQ 500 is an ideal tool for subtly or radically shaping your tracks with that special Joemeek magic. Put a genuine Meequalizer in your 500 Series rack- the Joemeek meQ.
>
>
> **Some Key Features:**
>
>
>
> * Four EQ bands that cover the entire audio spectrum
> * Choice of shelving or bell curves on low and hi bands gives you a plethora of sonic options
> * "Q" controls on both mid bands let you precisely sculpt your midrange
> * Generous overlaps in coverage between bands gives you access to all frequencies of interest
> * Audiophile-grade Burr Brown amplifiers used throughout the signal path
> * Electronically balanced outputs
>
>
>

## References

1. ↑ https://www.gearslutz.com/board/product-alerts-older-than-2-months/805761-namm-joe-meek-500-series.html
Tonelux MP5A

**Tonelux MP5A** is a pre-amp for the 500 series, manufactured by Tonelux.

## Official description

>
> The MP5A is a DISCRETE mic preamp with a DIRECT INPUT on the front panel. The MIC IN is transformer coupled in and out, and has a 20 dB PAD switch (effects both MIC and DIR), a 48V Phantom switch and a Phase or POLARITY switch. The PAD and POLARITY switches effect both inputs.. The inner, or larger (silver) knob sets the mic pre gain and the outer smaller (black) knob controls the output level. We chose the fader control for the outer knob so the gain knob, once set, won't be bumped when adjusting the output level.
>
>
> The 8 seg LED VU meter follows the balanced output of the preamp. The level of the VU meter is adjustable over the entire range from off to +28. The PEAK led is set at +14VU or +18 dBu and can grab a fast peak and display it. An internal jumper selects the MIC PRE MAIN OUTPUT or the MIC PRE GAIN STAGE signal to feed the VU Meter. This allows the engineer to monitor the real mic pre gain or the output level of the MP5A. When monitoring the Mic Pre Gain, the meter shows the actual gain stage level, and is not effected by the output fader.
>
>
> The Combo XLR/Direct input is for use with a hi-z instrument, etc. The TILT tone control works with both the MIC in and DIR in and has it's own TILT EQ IN switch, which is a hard wire bypass switch when out. When turned up, the tilt control has a 0 to 6 dB boost on the high end while cutting the low end the same. If it is turned down, tilt will boost the low end up to 6 dB and cut the high end up to 6 dB.
>
>
> The Front panel XLR is multed to the rear panel XLR and that is also multed to the D-Sub "INPUT" on the rear of the V4. The "INSERT RETURN" input of the V4is a resistor isolated mic level input, that can be used when the MP1 is in a live recording situation and there is no splitter. It will bridge the mic line with 10X the impedance to minimize loading of the microphone.
>
>
> Included with the MP5A Mic Pre is the ability to PFL the output to an external amplifier or to the mixer/master section for previewing the signal directly off the mic pre output.
>
>
>
>

## References

1. ↑ https://www.gearslutz.com/board/product-alerts-older-than-2-months/575751-tonelux-eq5p-mp5a-tx5c-500-series.html
Mäag Audio PREQ4

**Mäag Audio PREQ4** is a pre-amp and equalizer for the 500 series, manufactured by Mäag Audio.

## History

The Mäag Audio PREQ4 was released in 2011.

## Official description

>
> The PREQ4® (500 Series) is a one channel microphone preamplifier with AIR BAND® (shelf boost from 2.5 to 40kHz via VARI AIR™), compatible with the API 500-6B lunchbox® and 500VPR rack systems. Following its PreQ3 predecessor, the PREQ4 provides unparalleled transparency and top end presence while maintaining the true natural sound behind the microphone.
>
>
> Presented in the flagship lunchbox® portable format, the PREQ4® offers the legendary AIR BAND®, 65dB adjustable gain, phase reverse capability, 70Hz high pass filter, +48V phantom power, and -20dB PAD. The Maag Audio PREQ4® is an official member of the VPR Alliance.
>
>
>
>

## References

1. ↑ https://www.gearslutz.com/board/product-alerts-older-than-2-months/581454-maag-audio-introduces-preq4-air-banda.html
Black Lion Audio Auteur 500

**Black Lion Audio Auteur 500 Mic Pre** is a pre-amp for the 500 series.

> There are lots of mic preamps available these days. What makes ours so special? For one, it’s a design that’s somewhat unique in its approach. Being admirers of the fully balanced, transformerless circuits found in highly acclaimed recording consoles, we chose to use a similar topology. We began with a high speed input stage that picks up lots of detail and nuance, and then followed it with a high current output stage. We also like classic transformer-based designs because of the characteristic they lend to the audio signal. Because of this, we added a 600 ohm, M-6 silicon steel output transformer to give the audio a thick quality that’s reminiscent of a prized vintage preamp. It’s the best of both worlds in our opinion.
>
>
> Description
>
>
> The Auteur 500 is a single channel, 500 series preamp and features an instrument input, phase, +48VDC phantom power, and a 10dB input signal pad.
>
>
> SPECIFICATIONS
>
>
>
> * Channels: One
> * Gain: 0-66dB
> * THD+Noise: -110dB @ 1 kHz
> * Headroom: 30dB
> * Input impedance: 8k
> * Output impedance: 600 ohms
>
>
>

### MkII

>
> The Auteur MkII 500 is one of the most “bang for your buck” 500-series preamps in existence! You get all of the sound of the 1⁄2 rack version, but with the addition of a Hi-Z input! It features an ultra-fast input stage that captures lots of detail and nuance, and a signal path transformer that adds some “beef” on the way out. Once you hear the Auteur MkII 500, you’ll want to load your 500 rack full of ‘em!
> Features
>
>
>
> * 500 Series format (500 rack required)
> * Single Channel
> * Ultra High-Speed Input Stage
> * Edcor Output Transformer
> * 67dB Gain
> * Phantom Power
> * Phase Switch
> * 13dBu Pad
> * Hi-Z Input
>
>
> Specifications
>
>
>
> * Mic Section
> 	+ Max Microphone Input Level: +1dBu
> 	+ Input Impedance: 6000Ω
> 	+ Pad: 13dBu
> 	+ Gain (no pad): +16dB to +67dB
> 	+ Equivalent Input Noise (noise floor): -108dBu
> 	+ THD+N (@ +4dBu output):
> 	+ .0046% @ +12dBu Gain
> 	+ .0064% @ +24dBu Gain
> 	+ .012% @ +32dBu Gain
> 	+ .028% @ +40dBu Gain
> 	+ .085% @ +50dBu Gain
> 	+ .3% @ +62dBu Gain
> 	+ Bandwidth (1kHz, 600Ω unbalanced source, unweighted): 10Hz to 30kHz
>
>
> * D.I. Section
> 	+ Max D.I. Input Level: +18dBu
> 	+ Input Impedance Balanced: 2.2MΩ
> 	+ Input Impedance Unbalanced: 1.1MΩ
> 	+ Pad: 13dBu
> 	+ Gain: +16dB to +67dB
> 	+ Equivalent Input Noise (noise floor): -82dB
> 	+ THD+N (@ +4dBu output):
> 	+ .007% @ +12dBu
> 	+ .11% @ +40dBu
> 	+ Bandwidth (1kHz, 600Ω unbalanced source, unweighted): 10Hz to 30kHz
>
>
> * Output Section
> 	+ Max Output Level: +28dBu
> * Output Impedance: 600Ω
>
>
>
AnaMod Realios A9033

**AnaMod Realios A9033** is a pre-amp for the 500 series.

## Official description

>
> **A New Idea In Microphone Preamps**
>
>
> A clipping problem arose one day while recording a really loud vocalist singing through a U47 microphone. The problem was assumed to be the clipping of the microphone since every mic preamp in the studio also was clipping in this signal chain.
>
>
> Upon further measurement it was determined that the U47 output was not clipping, it was outputing a signal of -15 dBm. Too much output for most mic preamps.
>
>
> The solution was the A9033. This microphone preamp was designed for this situation. However, the added benefit of passive voltage gain possibly makes this the most transparent and open sounding microphone preamp ever.
>
>
> **A9033 Specifications**
>
>
>
> * Microphone Input Impedance: 1.2KΩ, balanced
> * Output Impedance: less than 50Ω
> * Max. Output Level: +32dBu, transformer balanced
> * Gain: 5 to 20 dB in 3 dB steps
> * Frequency Response: +/- 1 dB from 7Hz to 85kHz
> * Noise Level: better than 86dB below +4dBu, 0-30kHz
>
>
> **A9033 Features:**
>
>
>
> * Passive transformer gain
> * Switch for phantom power
> * Phase reverse switch
>
>
>
Bereich03 Audio Filter

**Bereich03 Audio Filter** is a filter for the 500 series, manufactured by Bereich03 Audio.

## History

The Bereich03 Audio Filter was released in 2015.

## Official description

>
> Filter: 6dB/oct HighCut Filter up to 32kHz and a 12dB/oct LowCut Filter down to 13Hz plus Boost Function.
>
>
>
>

## References

1. ↑ https://www.gearslutz.com/board/new-products-coming-soon/999755-musikmesse-2015-modular-mastering-desk-bereich03-audio.html
FiveFish Audio NK-72DI

**FiveFish Audio NK-72DI** is a pre-amp for the 500 series, manufactured by FiveFish Audio.

The NK-72DI has the same audio path as the FiveFish Audio X-72 module.

## Official description

>
> The NK-72DI is a 500 Series Mic Preamp with built-in DI input. It is based on our popular X-72 500 Series Preamp, with an added Direct Inject (DI) circuitry for high-impedance signal sources like electric or bass guitars. It has a big, punchy sound which also adds a deep, nice, warm coloration to the overall sound. Low frequencies come out tight and punchy, while high end is silky smooth - thanks to those huge Carhill transformers!
>
>
> This is a great project for a first-time beginner to kit building. The kit is very affordable, but don't let it's low price fool you. This preamp delivers top-notch performance.
>
>
> An API Rack/Lunchbox or compatible rack is required to supply power and the necessary XLR input and output connections to the SK-1DI module.
>
>
>
> * Now available as Partial Kit or Complete Full Kit (with included Input & Output Transformers and Discrete OpAmp)
> * 500 Series format, for use with API rack/lunchbox or compatible rack
> * Precision Laser cut tinted/transparent front panel - included! So you can show-off the "guts" of your DIY build
> * Aluminum sled carrier - Included!
> * Knobs - Included!
> * Using Carnhill/UK Input & Output Transformers (separate purchase)
> * Uses a 990/2520 footprint Discrete OpAmp, like our DOA-12 Discrete OpAmp (separate purchase)
> * Soft-start, slow ramp-on +48V phantom power
> * LED indicators for phantom power, -20dB pad, polarity reverse and Mic/DI input
> * Relay controlled Pad
> * Relay controlled Polarity Reverse
> * Built-in DI 1/4" jack inputs for electric and bass guitars
> * Transformer balanced input and output section
> * Input RFI protection
> * Output RFI protection
> * Gold-plated, machined, low-profile IC sockets
> * Use of high quality 1% Metal Film resistors, and high-quality ceramic and electrolytic capacitors
> * Easy to assemble, easy to troubleshoot design
> * Optional VU-Meter board, 12-step gain selector switch, and Aluminum Front Panel (separate purchase) to take it to the next level of customization!
>
>
>

## References

1. ↑ http://www.fivefishstudios.com/500serieskits/nk72di/
AML 5003D

**AML 5003D** is a pre-amp for the 500 series, manufactured by AML.

## History

The AML 5003D appears to have been released in 2009.

## Official description

>
> **"Carnhill" Class A microphone amplifier - API 500 series format**
>
>
> Class A microphone amplifier using Carnhill input and output transformers.
>
>
>
> * Gain - 10dB to 65dB switchable
> * Trim - 0dB to -10dB
> * Switchable input impedance
> * Phantom and phase switches.
>
>
> For use in API (and compatible) Lunchbox and VPR500 racking systems.
>
>
>
>

## References

1. ↑ https://www.gearslutz.com/board/high-end/391233-carnhill-class-5003d-mic-pre-any-one-else-using-one-these-things-2.html
Fredenstein HD MicPre

**Fredenstein HD MicPre** is a pre-amp for the 500 series, manufactured by Fredenstein.

## History

The Fredenstein HD MicPre was released in 2015.

## Official description

>
> The Fredenstein HD microphone preamplifier utilizes a completely new approach to microphone level amplification.
>
>
> With 96 kHz/192 kHz sampling rates becoming very popular while tracking, studios are still using equipment which cannot provide the frequency response or bandwidth provided by modern A/D converters. The HD Pre overcomes these limitations especially for wider bandwidth sources such as acoustic instruments.
>
>
> It is the preferred choice for classical recordings and Jazz recordings as well.
>
>
> Besides incorporating a fully discrete signal path and a Class-A balanced output stage, the HD Pre uses a revolutionary current amplification circuit, which neutralizes limiting internal transistor capacitance. As a result, the HD Pre features an unprecedented bandwidth of over 900 kHz.
>
>
>
>

## References

1. ↑ https://www.gearslutz.com/board/product-alerts-older-than-2-months/1010305-fredenstein-hd-mic-pre.html
Radial JDV-Pre

**Radial Engineering JDV-Pre** is a pre-amp for the 500 series, manufactured by Radial Engineering.

## Official description

>
> * 100% discrete class-A instrument and mic preamp
> * Feed forward front-end, void of negative feedback
> * AccuState™ gain control for low noise at all levels
> * Variable low frequency cut for acoustic instruments
>
>
> The Radial JDV-Pre is a unique preamplifier designed specifically to capture the natural tone and distinct character of the instrument. This may sound like another 'marketing line', but unlike mic preamplifiers that are centered on 'the microphone', the JDV-Pre is completely focussed on the various types of pickups used while transferring the signal without introducing distortion or artefact of any type.
>
>
> The design begins with a 100% discreet class-A amplifier for optimal signal transfer. But unlike all other amplifier designs, the JDV-Pre's front end is completely void of the negative feedback loops normally used to stabilize the circuit. This revolutionary design eliminates the use of phase-cancellation which inevitably degrades the signal. This is augmented with Drag Control™ load correction that allows the engineer to optimize the load on the instrument pickup for the most natural rendering.
>
>
> The quest for perfection does not stop there. When the impedance is set for piezo pickups, the JDV-Pre remains unbelievably quiet. Accustate gain control not only allows complete freedom over the signal path, but retains the signal-to-noise ratio at all levels. Acoustic instruments are further advantaged with a fully variable high-pass filter that gently rolls of the low end to eliminate troublesome body resonance while allowing each instrument to sit more comfortably in the mix. To address instrument microphones, the JDV-Pre features a transformer coupled balanced mic input with available 48V phantom power for condenser microphones. Connection is made via standard 500 series rack XLR input.
>
>
> Natural sounding, transparent and remarkably quiet, the JDV-Pre is without a doubt, the finest instrument preamp ever presented in a 500 series module.
>
>
>
>

## References

1. ↑ https://www.gearslutz.com/board/high-end/651096-di-module-500-series.html
AL.SO MP2

**AL.SO MP2** is a dual pre-amp for the 500 series.

## Official description

>
> AL.SO MP2 is the really first double preamplifier module of the market. This let you you multiply by 2 your rack and Lunchboxes capacity and load twice more pres with your usual setup. The MP2 host 2 high-end microphone preamplifiers ina single 500 series format slot. Perfect on the most delicate sources (voice, percussions, acoustic guitars, violins, brass, etc.).
>
>
> How does it work? The 1st preamplifier (the upper one) use the standard rear connections of the 500 series chassis connections and the 2nd preamplifier XLR I/O connectors are placed on the front panel of the module (see specifications tab).
>
>
> The MP2 is compatible with microphone and line signals, a remarquable faithfull, airy and musical pre.
>
>
> Double your 500 series racks and Lunchboxes capacity !
>
>
> Specifications
>
>
>
> * The very first single slot, 500 series dual preamplifier
> * Imput transformer SOWTER (UK)
> * Electronically balanced output
> * High-end Clarostat potentiometers (plastic audio track)
> * The audio signal doesn't pass through switches, the switching is done by relays to ensure the highest reliability and the lowest possible distortion.
> * Polarity Inversion by commutation, to avoid a extra electronic stage
> * Gain: from -2dB to +60 dB
> * Harmonic distortion of 3rd order at 60 dB of gain: 0,007% @ 1 kHz
> * Harmonic distortion of 3rd order at -2dB dB gain: 0,0041%@ 1 kHz
> * Bandwidth at 60 dB gain: 10Hz/100 kHz( Â± 0,3 dB )
> * Bandwidth at -2 dB gain:10Hz/100 kHz ( Â± 1 dB )
> * Power consumption: less than 90 mA per power rail
> * Compatible with all standard 500 series racks and lunchboxes
> * 100% hand built in France
> * Designed by Olivier Bolling
>
>
>
Danfield Audio MX20vpr

**Danfield Audio MX20vpr** is a pre-amp for the 500 series, manufactured by Danfield Audio.

## History

The Danfield Audio MX20vpr was released in 2011.

## Official description

>
> The design of the mx20vpr is based upon the Danfield mx20 transformerless rack system, originally designed for classical tracking applications.
>
>
> Danfield Audio has respected the impeccable design credentials of the API brand - and so has kept the aesthetics of the system low key, so that it fits seamlessly and immaculately into an existing 500 series system. Danfield Audio has also taken great care in choosing a design philosophy based upon low power consumption.
>
>
> It is designed for the engineer who wants absolute signal transparency when multi-tracking with quality studio microphones. The front layout is like all Danfield Audio products - very simple and user friendly.
>
>
> The mx20vpr module is fully hot-swappable during operation. This is very useful in live recordings, where downtime is unwanted.
>
>
> The technical performance of the design is impressive. The headroom and slew rate are in the premier league of world class pre-amplification. The frequency range is an astounding 3 Hz to 700 KHz and is
> designed to offer extremely wide signal capture. These figures are very flat within +/- 1 dB. The Gain pot is an ultra high performance 24 stage calibrated switch. Overload is illuminated with a red LED. The High pass filter is variable from 20 to 800 Hz for very accurate and wide range 12dB/oct filtering. Check it out!
>
>
> Specifications
>
>
>
> * Input Stage: Balanced Tranformerless
> * Input Impedance: 1500 Ohm Balanced
> * Output type: Balanced Solid state
> * CCMR: better than 80dB
> * Frequency range: 1Hz to 700KHz
> * Noise: -122dB
> * Maximum system level: +30dB
> * Min gain: +9dB
> * Max gain: +93dB
> * Output Impedance: less than 30 Ohm
> * High pass filter type: 12 dB /Oct
>
>
> * Frequencies: 20 - 800 Hz
> * Mechanical: Hot swappable VPR series.
> * General: mechanical specification as provided by API.
> * Power requirement: +/- 16 to 18V (VPR series only)
> * Current consumption: 35mA
>
>
>

## External links

* Official product page (at web.archive.org; non-500 version)

## References

1. ↑ https://www.gearslutz.com/board/product-alerts-older-than-2-months/648349-danfield-audio-mx20vpr.html
Heritage Audio 1073/500

**Heritage Audio 1073/500** is a pre-amp and equalizer for the 500 series, manufactured by Heritage Audio.

## History

The Heritage Audio 1073/500 was released in 2012.

## Official description

>
> When we came with the idea of making our 1073 version in an API VPR series 500 module, first thing we noticed was how many compromises our competitors had to assume to fit their repros in such a small package.
>
>
> We decided to make exactly zero compromises on ours. This meant making a 3u wide module capable of holding all three vintage accurate transformers, dual concentric switches , pushbuttons and same exact PCB cards. Exactly what the name says. No downsized knobs. No transformers left out. No ICs in place of discrete class A circuitry. Just what the faceplate says: a 1073 in a 500 series format.
>
>
>
> * 70dB Class A Microphone preamplifier, HI-LO selectable minimum input impedance, balanced and floating. High gain positions show a higher impedance, ideal for old ribbon mics.
> * 10dB Class A Line Amplifier, Bridging input impedance, balanced and floating.
> * Class A, single ended, 2N3055 driven high headroom output stage.
> * High Frequency: +/-16dB shelving at 12 kHz, Baxandall type.
> * Low Frequency: +/-16dB with selectable frequency shelving of 35Hz, 60Hz, 110Hz & 220Hz, Baxandall type.
> * Mid Frequency: +/-18dB peaking, fixed 'Q' , selectable center frequencies of 0.36kHz, 0.7kHz, 1.6kHz, 3.2kHz, 4.8kHz , and 7.2kHz , dual inductor based.
> * High Pass Filter: 18dB per octave slope, switchable between 50Hz, 80Hz , 160 Hz & 300Hz, inductor based.
> * EQ Button: Switches the equalizer on or off.
> * Phase Button: Flips phase 180º.
>
>
>

## See also

* Heritage Audio 1073/500 Anniversary Edition

## References

1. ↑ https://www.gearslutz.com/board/product-alerts-older-than-2-months/690448-heritageaudio-announces-1073-500-module-api-500-series.html
JLM Audio HPM500

**JLM Audio HPM500** is a mixer for the 500 series, manufactured by JLM Audio.

## History

Although the JLM Audio HPM500 appears to have been announced in 2007,  it is unknown if it was ever released. The module has been available on the secondhand market, however.

## Official description

>
> NEW HPM500 6 Channel Mixer
>
>
> HPM500 6PAK Balanced input mixer with switched panning and level control per input. Has ribbon cable input that plugs into the JLM Buss connector mic pre EQ and compressor modules. or you can wire the ribbon cable to the back plane to the 6 XLR output pins 2 and 3 if not using JLM modules. Fits API-6B Lunchboxes in the wasted space beside the power supply and plugs into 10 IDC power ribbon cable for power for the internal power supply. High power modified hybrid output amps can drive even the most difficult headphones to clean maximum output level. Also HP output is perfect for sending a mix be recorded. (The extra knob to the far right is part of the listening setup in our test lunchbox. Not part of the normal mixer)
>
>
> **Features for each Channel**
>
>
>
> * 6 x 20k Balanced inputs
> * Pan switch per channel for Left / Centre / Right panning.
> * Level control pot for each channel.
> * Master Level control.
> * High power headphone output jack on front panel.
> * Double sided Gold plated rear edge connector.
>
>
>

## References

1. ↑ http://jlmaudio.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=45
2. ↑ http://lunchboxhero.com/forums/showthread.php?75-JLM-HPM500-6-Lunchbox-Channel-Mixer
3. ↑ http://www.northernsounds.com/forum/showthread.php/177788-API-500-6b-Lunchbox-w-JLM-HPM500-amp-case-(West-Hollywood)-amp-x0024-525
4. ↑ https://reverb.com/se/item/1693674-api-500-6b-lunchbox-jlm-hpm500-custom-naut-case
Sunset Sound S1P Tutti

**Sunset Sound S1P Tutti** is a pre-amp for the 500 series, manufactured by Sunset Sound.

## History

The Sunset Sound S1P Tutti was released in 2013.

## Official description

>
> Based on Hollywood's famous Sunset Sound Studios, the Sunset Sound S1P Tutti 500 Series mic/instrument preamp is a testament to Tutti Camarata, the man who started Sunset Sound.
>
>
> Celebrating Sunset Sound's 50 years of recordings, ranging from Mary Poppins to Van Halen, The Doors to Sheryl Crow, Led Zeppelin to the Wallflowers, the S1P Tutti was designed to replicate the high level of quality the studio itself had to deliver on its vocal recordings.
>
>
> The S1P is based on the design used in the massive API console in Studio One where so many famous vocalists have recorded.
>
>
> The S1P harnesses Dual Hardy 990 op amps, two custom made Cinemag nickel transformers (in-out) and is the original design keeping it true to history.
>
>
> **Features:**
>
>
>
> * Same design used in the Sunset Consoles
> * Dual 990 op-amps
> * Nickel transformers: input and output
> * Greater than 60dB of gain
> * 10Hz to 60KHz FLAT
> * Distortion less than .02%
> * Clips at +28 dBu
> * Signal/overload indicator
> * Selectable input gain: 10dB steps
> * Adjustable Gain Trim: +/- 6dB
> * Output fader control
> * Front and rear XLR MIC input
> * Hi-Z / INST front panel input
> * Made in the USA
>
>
>

## References

1. ↑ https://www.gearslutz.com/board/product-alerts-older-than-2-months/878654-sunset-sound-s1p-tutti-500-series-pre.html
SSL VHD Pre

**SSL VHD Pre** is a pre-amp for the 500 series, manufactured by SSL.

## Official description

>
> The SSL VHD Pre 500 Series Module makes the uniquely versatile VHD based preamp technology from Duality, SSL's industry leading large format studio console, available for studios of all sizes.
>
>
> The VHD Pre is an immensely versatile recording and processing device. It can deliver ultra clean SSL SuperAnalogue grade recordings but also features a switchable VHD mode. SSL's patented Variable Harmonic Drive (VHD) system uses a 100% analogue signal path to generate rich harmonic distortion. As you increase VHD input gain, the Variable Harmonic Drive process introduces either 2nd or 3rd harmonic distortion or a blend of the two to your source material. At lower gain settings it adds gentle valve-style warmth or a touch of transistor edge. As the gain is increased the more extreme the distortion becomes until at high gain settings it delivers fierce trashy “transistor-esque” grunge. The VHD Pre gives the user ultimate versatility from a studio grade preamp. Whether it's ultra-clean traditional SSL, subtle warming or totally trashy transistor distortion, VHD will change your expectations of what a preamplifier should deliver.
>
>
> The VHD section of the VHD Pre Module has three rotary controls: a Drive control selects 2nd harmonic or 3rd harmonic distortion or a continuously variable blend of the two. A +20/+75dB gain control sets input level. A -20/+20dB trim control adjusts the output level from the circuit to enable level matching with other devices, because by its nature the VHD circuit can significantly increase signal levels. The VHD Pre Module has a selection of other essential professional preamp features: a signal present LED, a switchable 15Hz to 500Hz LF Filter section, Hi-Z impedance switch for mic impedance matching, +48V phantom power, PAD to enable the VHD system to be used as a line level processing device and a Phase Invert Switch.
>
>
> **Features**
>
>
>
> * Uniquely versatile recording and processing
> * Ultra clean SSL SuperAnalogue grade preamp
> * Switchable VHD system adds controllable 2nd or 3rd harmonic distortion
> * Switchable LF Filter (15Hz to 500Hz)
> * Hi-Z switch for high impedance microphone use
> * +48V Phantom Power with status LED
> * PAD for use with line level source material
> * Phase invert switch
>
>
>

## References

1. ↑ https://www.gearslutz.com/board/product-alerts-older-than-2-months/999274-musikmesse-2015-solid-state-logic-ssl-vhd-pre-module-500-format-racks.html
Too Hard Puzzles to Solve

Sometimes there are many puzzles or combination of them which makes player to think a bit out of box. This can frustrate a player or it can be enjoyable as well. But at some points in gameplay, there are many puzzles and without solving you cannot progress in game.

## Examples

### 1. **Uncharted 4: A Thief's End**

Uncharted 4: A Thief's End is an action-adventure video game with many of puzzles involved from historic era. The game has levels at which the player has to solve a puzzle including many small puzzles in one. This makes the player to think with different perspectives as well as takes too much of time to solve. Sometimes it will be a combination of puzzles which will confuse the player and they will get annoyed to solve it completely. Hence, the player will not complete the gameplay and it will lead to many players argue on the gameplay.

### 2. Pretty Girls Mahjong Solitaire.

Pretty Girls Mahjong Solitaire is a pattern matching puzzle game paired with Japanese girl theme. While the artworks are pretty beautiful, the level generation algorithm is really "weird" (a polite way of saying "retarded"). Sometimes the algorithm will generate some levels that are impossible to pass, and you cannot predict that, nor you can tell that at the beginning of the round. Therefore, sometimes you are just wasting your time trying meaninglessly since there is no way to complete it. This game would be much better if the algorithm is actually working properly.

### 3. Batman: Arkham Knight

In Batman: Arkham Knight the Knightfall protocol is not activated till you complete the game 100% which includes collecting all Riddler's trophies. Some of the trophies are really hard to collect. Therefore the player does not get to experience the full game which may annoy him/her.

### 4. Final Fantasy XIII-2:

    In Final Fantasy XIII-2 there is a spot entirely dedicated to incredibly difficult puzzles. These puzzles are not impassable and must be completed in order to progress through the game. They are so difficult that many players result to internet algorithms to solve the puzzle instead of doing it themselves.

### **5. Year Walk**

In Year Walk, there is a level, the Huldra Part IV, in which the player need to tell the tone that's in tune from several sounds 5 times consecutively to escape from the fog. If the player picks wrong tone, the puzzle reset and the player needs to do it again from the first one. Even music professionals need training to tell the slight difference between different pitches. As a result, many players find this level unreasonably hard so that they look for answers on the internet or give up playing the game.

(Gameplay of this level: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=clInzVYq4Ek)