Glossary of Sacramentan terms

## Terms

* **Decimation** — An infamous punishment put into use for formations of troops that display cowardice in battle, desert their fellow troops, or display insubordination or mutinous behavior to their commanding officers. Each offending formation is split into groups of ten, where he who draws the shortest straw from lots is forced to die from the other nine through the use of swords, clubs, or bayonets.
* **Foederati** — Tribes, gangs, and groups that have allied themselves to Sacramento but do not fall under Sacramentan governmental jurisdiction nor citizenship.
* **Fustuarium** — A severe punishment given to Sacramentan troops by their superiors for the crimes of stealing from fellow soldiers, rape, falling asleep during night watch, desertion, lying to superiors, and violating lesser crimes up to three times. Involves differing degrees of beating by one's own fellow soldiers using clubs and batons, with the most severe crimes allowing a fustuarium to persist until death (mainly for desertion and lying to superior officers).
* **Sacramentum** — The official oath all Sacramentan troops swear prior to service in the military.

### Titles and ranks

#### Government titles

* **Consul exterior** — The Consul of the Exterior, one of the two consuls elected on a yearly basis by the Sacramentan Senate. Charged with foreign affairs handling including foreign diplomacy, war, and exterior trade.
* **Consul interior** — The Consul of the Interior; one of the other two consuls elected on a yearly basis by the Sacramentan Senate. Charged with internal affairs handling including internal diplomacy, territorial security, infrastructure upkeep and construction, and internal trade.
* **Censor** — The chief magistrate of censuses, finances, and the public peace.
* **Praetor** — A chief magistrate charged with various duties in assistance of the consuls and the senate.
	+ **Praetor urbanus** — A praetor elected to be the head of the municipal government of Sacramento and the courts. In the event of the absence of the Consul of the Interior from Sacramento, he serves as head of interior duties in Sacramento and as the consul's replacement in the Senate.
	+ **Praetor peregrinus** — A praetor elected to be head mediator of foreign affairs in Sacramento, under the charge of the consul of the exterior. In the event of absence of the Consul of the Exterior from Sacramento, he serves in the position's stead.
* **Senator** — A member of the legislative body of the Sacramentan Empire, the *Senate*.
* **Proconsul** — A civilian elected by the Senate to lead a civilian province; often a former senator.

#### Military titles and ranks

* **Magister militum** — The highest military officer rank in the *Exercitus Sacramentus;* conferred to the heads of the respective military's branches and answers only to the Consul of the Exterior during external war (or the Consul of the Interior during domestic invasions of the Republic).
* **Legatus (legate)** — The commander of a Sacramentan legion, numbering 6,000 troops strong. Can serve as a provincial leader under the Consul of the Interior if stationed in an area with no provincial governor. Appointed by the Consul of the Exterior only (unless there is no current consul exterior); often either a senator or an experienced officer such as a *senior tribune*.
	+ **Propraetorial legate** — A legate that has been simultaneously charged with the command of a Sacramentan province. Normal legates stationed in the territory of a propraetorial legate are subordinate to that specific officer.
* **Tribunus (tribune)** — The highest ranking officers in a legion apart from a legate. The *senior tribune* serves as the second-in-command of the legion whereas the four *minor tribunes* serve as command staff and field officers. Tribunes are chosen by consuls or elected by the Senate to their positions, and as such are either related to a senator or related to the current legate.
* **Praefectus (prefect)** — The third-in-command of the legion, ranking between the minor tribunes and senior tribune. Promoted from veteran centurions on the field and acts as a primary liaison between command staff and field commanders.
* **Primus pilus** — Also known as the *senior centurion*; the commanding centurion of the first cohort of the legion. Reserves the ability to become prefect in command succession.
* **Centurio (centurion)** — Commander of an individual century of of approximately 100 men. Each legion possesses 59 centurions (discounting the Primus pilus), and the seniormost centurion in a cohort of 500 men is delegated command of the entire cohort.
* **Principales** — A non-commissioned officer of the Sacramentan military.
	+ **Aquilifer** — Only one position per legion, tasked with bearing and defending the standard of the legion.
	+ **Optio** — A position within each centuria that acts as a second-in-command to the centurion.
	+ **Tesserarius** — A position within each centuria that acts as a third-in-command to the centurion; responsible for the night watch.
	+ **Cornicen** — A position within each centuria that acts as the chief communications operator, using either radios or horns to issue commands in battle down the chain of command. Attached to the signifer.
	+ **Signifer** — A position within each centuria carrying the responsibility of managing soldiers' pay. Also serves as the standard-bearer of an individual century.
	+ **Imaginifer** — Depending on the individual century, this position carries the image of the current ruling consuls into battle, or alternatively iconography of Sacramentan Orthodoxy such as the *Christ Pantocrator* or *Theotokos.*
* **Frumentarius** — A special forces and/or intelligence operator attached to a legion, with the ability to act autonomously depending on given objective. Reports to the legate, magister militum, or consul exterior directly unless given an assigned intermediary.
* **Praetorius** **(praetorian)** — A member of the Praetorian Guard; assigned to protect senators, consuls, and legates in addition to vital infrastructure in the Republic. Operates independently of the Sacramentan military, but maintains a similar internal rank structure.
* **Decanus** — A position within each contubernium that acts as its leader (effectively a squad leader).
* **Immunes** — A position for enlisted men with specializations. Includes carpenters, engineers, scouts, medics and surgeons, et cetera. Given more pay and less responsibilities than the *milites*.
* **Discens** — Milites in training for promotion to *immunes* through learning a craft.
* **Miles** — Standard infantryman of the legion.
* **Tirones** — A recruit in training to become a *miles*.

### Military formations (prior to the Calgary Reforms)

* **Contubernium** — A military formation used by the Sacramentan Empire; consists of 10 troops, usually split between 8 legionnaires and 2 auxiliaries. Equivalent to a squad in other conventional armed forces. Headed by a *decanus*.
* **Cohort** — A military formation used by the Sacramentan Empire; normally consists of 600 troops, usually split between 500 legionnaires and 100 auxiliaries. Equivalent to a battalion in other conventional armed forces. Normally consists of 60 *contubernia* of 10 men each. Headed by a *centurion*.
* **Legion** — A military formation used by the Sacramentan Empire; normally consists of 6,000 troops, split between 5,000 legionnaires and 1,000 auxiliaries. Equivalent to a brigade in other conventional armed forces. Normally consists of 10 cohorts of 600 men each. Headed by a *legatus*.