Kingdom of Afghanistan

The **Kingdom of Afghanistan**, or **Afghanistan**, is a country in Central Asia. It borders the Khanate of Khiva and the Emirate of Bhukara to the South, Persia Prime to the West, The Mughal Maharajahnate to the East and the Khanate of Kalat to the South. It is a Puppet State of the Indo-Persian Empire.

## History

### Origins

Escalated a few years after the establishment of the emirate, the Russian and British interests were in conflict between Muhammad Shah of Iran and Dost Mohammed Khan, which led to the First Anglo-Afghan War which was fought between 1839 and 1842. During the war, Britain occupied the country, in an effort to prevent Afghanistan from coming under Russian control and curb Russian expansion. The war ended with a temporary victory for the United Kingdom, which, however, had to withdraw so that Dost Muhammad came to power again.

Upon the death of Dost Muhammad in 1863, he was succeeded by his son, Sher Ali Khan. However, three years later, his older brother Mohammad Afzal Khan overthrew him. In 1868, Mohammad Afzal Khan was himself overthrown and replaced as Emir by Sher Ali, who returned to the Throne. Sher Ali had spent his few short years in exile in Russia. His return as Emir led to new conflicts with Britain. Subsequently, the British marched on 21 November 1878 into Afghanistan and Emir Sher Ali was forced to flee again to Russia, but he died in 1879 in Mazar-i-Sharif. His successor, Mohammad Yaqub Khan, sought solutions for peace with Russia and gave them a greater say in Afghanistan's foreign policy. Meanwhile, he signed the Treaty of Gandamak with the British on 26 May 1879, relinquishing solely the control of Afghanistan foreign affairs to the British Empire. However, when the British envoy Sir Louis Cavagnari was killed in Kabul on 3 September 1879, the British offered to accept Abdur Rahman Khan as Emir. The British concluded a peace treaty with the Afghans in 1880, and withdrew again in 1881 from Afghanistan. The British in 1893 forced Afghanistan to consent to the Durand Line, which is still straight through the settlement area of the Pashtuns runs and about a third of Afghanistan to British India annexing.

After the war, Emir Abdur Rahman Khan, who struck down the country reformed and repressed numerous uprisings. After his death in 1901 his son Habibullah Khan succeeded as emir and continued reforms. Habibullah Khan sought reconciliation with the UK, where he graduated in 1905 with a peace treaty with Russia, stretching for defeat in the Russo-Japanese War had to withdraw from Afghanistan. In the First World War, Afghanistan remained, despite German and Ottoman efforts, neutral (Niedermayer–Hentig Expedition). In 1919 Habibullah Khan was assassinated by political opponents.

### Conquest by Reza Shah Pahlavi

Afghanistan was the first conquest of Reza Shah Pahlavi on is Eastward Expansion into India. Reza considered Afghanistan to be the Graveyard of Empires which was able to resist conquest by his ancestors Cyrus the Great and Tamerlane. It was easy due to the monarchy aiding Reza against the British and causing trouble for the British with the local tribes. After the invasion, the late Habibullah Khan's son Amanullah Khan was crowned the King of Afghanistan.

Afghanistan's invasion of India started a rebellion in the region supported by the British who wanted to replace the current ruler Amanullah with his distant cousin Mohammed Nadir Khan, however Reza won the side of Mohammad Nadir Khan by promising him territory in the Madras Presidency to rule as his domain. After that the rebellion failed and more Afghan forces headed into India. The Battles were hard until the British retreated from India at the news that Germany was bombing their homeland.

After the conquest of India, Afghanistan became a puppet state of the new Indo-Persian Empire ruled by Amanullah Khan.

## Government

The Government of Afghanistan is a constitutional monarchy ruled by a King who rules as ceremonial Figurehead and is in charge of the Military and all of Society as a symbolic figure head. The Kingdom is Governed by a Satrap who is elected by Reza Shah to control the government, appoint the members of the Majilis of Afghanistan who are elected into power by the members of the Loya Jirga who are elected by the people themselves. The Majilis then elect a Prime Minister appointed by the King and after the Prime Minister is elected he then creates a cabinet to represent Afghanistan.

## Military

### Army

Afghanistan's army consists of 120 Infantry Divisions, 100 Artillery Pieces, 90 Motorized Infantry Divisions, 80 Gun Cars and 70 Tanks which are all trained and manufactured by the Indo-Persian Army and Japanese Army.

### Navy

Afghanistan has No Navy due to the fact they are a landlocked country.

### Air Force

Only has 12 Warplanes due to the fact they do not have enough industry to provide for an Air-Force.

## Foreign Relations

* Colonial Relations with Indo-Persia.
* Great Relations with The Khanate of Khiva, The Emirate of Bukhara, the Khanate of Kalat and the Mughal Maharajahnate.
* Bad Relations with Soviet Rus.