Harry Potter (film series)

Template:Out of universe
Beginning in 2001, Warner Bros. Pictures began releasing **adaptations of the *Harry Potter* books**. These films have proven to be very popular and, in less than a decade, the *Harry Potter* film series has become the highest-grossing motion picture series in history, surpassing the world-famous James Bond franchise.

## History

In 1997, David Heyman received a copy of Template:PS. He put it on the low priority shelf, thinking the title was "rubbish". However, when a secretary found and read it, she gave it to Heyman with a positive review and he then read it. Heyman was very impressed by Rowling's work, which led to Rowling selling him the film rights for four books in 1999.

Rowling had a few demands. She wanted the principal cast to be played by British actors, but allowed Irish actors, unless the role required otherwise. She also wanted a part in helping them adapt the books, and refused to give the rights of her characters to Warner Bros which would let them make non-author written sequels.
Emma Watson and Rupert Grint were selected from thousands of children who auditioned for the role of Hermione and Ron. The casting of the three is thought to be highly impressive, and one of "the best show decisions" ever made.

Production began in September 2000 and would keep going until the final film in December 2010. Every film was made primarily at Leavesden Studios, which is now open for the public to explore. Heyman produced every film with his production company Heyday Films, while Kloves wrote for every film except *Template:OOTP,* which was written by Michael Goldenberg.

While the sixth film was the most expensive to film, it was decided that the seventh book would be spilt in two, despite being shot as one film.

### Directors

There were four directors across every film, with Chris Columbus directing the first and second film, and Alfonso Cuarón directing the third. Mike Newell directed the fourth with David Yates staying the longest, as he directed the last four films.
Columbus did stay to produce the third film with Heyman, and David Barron produced the last four with Heyman. Rowling joined the team for the final two films.

Every director had their own vision of the series but acknowledged that they should get darker as time went by. Columbus wanted to portray a "golden storybook" image. Cuarón changed the visual tone and expanded Hogwarts. Newell wanted a "paranoid thriller" and Yates a sense of "jeopardy and character to the world".

They worked together, with the last director sitting with the next one and talking through what they had done, and where they both wanted it to go. Every director wanted a sense of balance that matched the world Columbus started, and the others had expanded upon.

### Screenwriting

Kloves and Goldenberg had direct help from J.K. Rowling, although she gave them great space to have their own ideas. Rowling wanted them to stay true to the books, and save for a few changes, the plot and tone of each film remained the same as the books. Heyman said Rowling was the "best support" and that she understood some things had to be changed.

iginally a miniature which expanded and developed into a digital model. When production of the films ended, a lot of the sets were rebuilt and transported for display at Leavesden.

There were six directors of photography, with Bruno Delbonnel gaining the only Academy Award nomination the Harry Potter films received, for Best Cinematography.

===Music===heme]]. *When Williams left to pursure other projects, Patrick Doyle created the soundtrack for the fourth film. Nicholas Hooper made soundtrack for the fifth film, while Alexandre Desplat made the final two, although they kept a few of Williams. They were made at Abbey Road Studios with the London Symphony Orchestra.*

## Films

The film adaptation of *Deathly Hallows* was split into two parts, the first of which was released in November, 2010, with the second part released on 15 July, 2011.

The final day of filming on *Deathly Hallows: Part 2* was completed on Saturday 12 June, 2010. However, members of the cast were recalled for re-shoots of the Epilogue scene on 21 December, 2010.

## Preface

The Nazis have been heavily featured in many Marvel Publications during its Timely Comics era of publication. Subsequently there is over 70 years worth of appearances of members of the Nazi party in Marvel books. This is an unabridged version. For an abridged version please refer to the Abridged Nazi History.

For the most part, the actual history of World War II in the Marvel Universe mirrors that of the real world. As such, it can be assumed that for the most part the history of the Nazi party on Earth-616, including famous battles, and campaigns are on-par with their real world counterparts unless otherwise specified. The below accounting is regarding the various interactions and events that are unique to the Earth-616 universe. For a full real world history of the Nazis please refer to Wikipedia.

For a full listing of members of the Nazi party on Earth-616 see the full membership roster. A full listing of Nazi war machines unique to Earth-616 can be found here.

## Rise to Power

On Earth-616, the general history of the Nazi party mirrors that of the real world ([1]). However, below are some significant events pertaining to the Nazi's early history and rise to power.

Originally called the German Worker's Party in the 1900s, the National Socialist Workers Party had their start in 1919, eventually adopting their current name in 1920. A political party that had socialist/nationalist ideals, they were most notoriously known for their idea that the German race was "superior" to all others. They had a long history of persecution against Jews, Slavs, Roma (gypsies), Communists, homosexuals and those with mental and physical disabilities.

In November 1923, members of the Nazi party marched on Munich city hall, the demonstration exploded into violence. These events were witnessed by 9 year old Johann Shmidt, the future Red Skull.Template:R By November 1926, the Nazi party's ideas were taking root in society, with persecution of Jewish citizens becoming more and more common. In March of 1927, counter protests between members of the Nazi party and the Communist Red Front exploded into violence in the city of Kurfurstendamm.Template:R By 1933, the Nazis were gaining political power in Germany, however were constantly clashing with protesters who were mainly supporters of Communism. On February 27th, 1933, Dutch leftist Marinus von der Lubbe set the Reichstag on fire, acting alone. In response to the fire Adolf Hitler and Hermann Goering determined it to be part of a Communist uprising. Goering then drafted the Brownshirts into an auxiliary police force. On February 28th President von Hindenburg signed the Reichstag Fire Decree which suspended virtually ever free right the German people had to free speech, freedom to assemble, and all privacy rights. As Berlin was being swept for Communist supporters. They setup Dachau one of Nazi Germany's first concentration camps. Over the next few months the German's completed their rise to power, and among the 1.6 million Germans to join the Nazi party, and Johann Shmidt, then a teenager was one of them.Template:R However, after suffering many beatings and seeing that life as a Brownshirt was not as glorious as being a member of Hitler's S.S., Schmidt quit the Brownshirts and eventually joined his old childhood friend Dieter Lehmann and his Communist supporters in a plot to assassinate Hitler himself.Template:R Also during this year Baron Heinrich Zemo, a staunch Nazi supporter, traveled to America to further his knowledge in appplied technology, and was tutored under Nikola Tesla.Template:R On June 29, 1934 their assassination plot came to fruition when Hitler made an appearance at the Hotel Hansenblauer in Bad Wiessee to eliminate Ernest Rohm one of his biggest opponents whom Hitler despised due to his homosexuality. Dressed as a bellhop, Schmid and Lehmann stormed into Hitler's room. But seeing true power for the first time, Schmid turned the gun on Lehmann. So inspired was Hitler, that he took the boy under his wing and began training him to be his highest ranking operative answering to nobody but Hitler himself.Template:R Zemo immediately returned to Germany thereafter and began working on a Death Ray device, working along side German scientist Abraham Erskine.Template:R During a visit by Hitler and Johann Schmidt, Erskine pleaded to Hitler to use science to enhance the body instead of destroy it, leading to the scientist being mocked.Template:R

On September 15, 1935 Adolf Hitler announced the enactment of the Nuremberg Laws, a law that directly prosecuted Jewish citizens, stripping them of their citizenship and restricting them from relations with non-Jewish Germans. This speech was witnessed by Max Eisenhardt who would later grow up to be the mutant terrorist Magneto.Template:R As Hitler took full control of Germany, he soon began a conquest of of Europe which ultimately caused the outbreak of World War II. The Nazis allied themselves with Fascist Italy and Imperial Japan. Hitler also made various pacts with arcane powers to assist in his rise to power, notably Heinrich Krowler and his cabal of mystics,Template:RTemplate:R and two different demons who claimed to be Satan.Template:RTemplate:R

## World War II

### 1939

The earliest instance of Nazi forces clashing with super-heroes was during the invasion of Poland in 1939. Nazi forces led by Felix Pavlek were wiped out by the Vision.Template:R However, despite the heroes brief interference, the Nazis still managed to take over the country. Heinrich Zemo, being involved in the Blitzkrieg was commended by Hitler himself, and was awarded the highest scientific honours and began plying them toward Nazi domination.Template:R Also American hero the Angel (Thomas Halloway) liberated Polish town of Grybow.Template:R

Early rocket tests were conducted the Nazis on an uncharted island on the Pacific. Forces there captured female aviator Jenny Keaton to protect their secret work. However, the testing endangered the sea life living in the area, prompting Atlantean leader Emperor Thakorr to send his grandson the Sub-Mariner to destroy the base, freeing Jenny in the process.Template:R Thanks to this encounter, the Nazis learned of the existence of the Atlanteans and began bombing the bottom of the Sargasso Sea in order to cull Atlantean corpses for experimentation, earning the enemy of Namor who slaughtered a ship of Nazi soldiers who were collecting the corpses of his people. This, plus learning of the creation of the android Human Torch by American scientist Phineas T. Horton prompted the Nazis into using science to develop their own super-soldiers. Erskine and Hans Brueder were selected by Heinrich Himmler to head the project.Template:R

 File:National Socialist German Workers Party (Earth-616) from Marvel Mystery Comics Vol 1 3 0001.jpg
Start of the Battle of the Atlantic caused a clash between the Nazis and the Sub-Mariner who was convinced by police woman Betty Dean to fight the Nazi forces.Template:RTemplate:R

### 1940

The year 1940 saw an expansion of German activities an attempts to infiltrate, spy, and compromise the security of the United States, which were almost always met with failure thanks to the intervention of a number of costumed heroes.
orces while shipping a load of golden filigree to Rotterdam, narrowly avoiding losing his ship.Template:RTemplate:R Captain K-4 of the Sky-Devils, posing as Gestapo agent Gunther Hesseman, infiltrated a Nazi ammo dump and destroyed it.Template:R Also that month, Abraham Erskine began planning to defect to the United States just as Brueder began experimenting on John Steele a super-human American soldier from World War I which the Nazis had captured and placed in suspended animation. As Erskine was being transported to Luxenbourg to present his findings to Himmler, he was liberated by American soldiers Nick Fury and Red Hargrove who helped him escape Nazi Germany, successfully setting back their efforts to create super-soldiers. At the same time, the Nazis began smuggling spies into the United States through human traffickers that operated in New York City. This operation was uncovered by the novice super-hero Phantom Bullet who was murdered for his knowledge. Although the Nazis succeeded in smuggling Major Kerfoot into the United States, the Phantom Bullet's death prompted the Angel to investigate the murder. Also during this period the defective Erskine was now living in the Untied States, working on his Super-Soldier Serum.Template:R

The month of March 1940 saw the Sub-Mariner coming to the aid of an American supply ship that was being held by Nazi U-boats. Destroying the subs, Namor led the American ship to safety.Template:R In Africa, the jungle adventurer known as Trojak came to the aid of his friend Edith Alton who had been captured by Nazis who setup camp in the region. Trojak freed the girl and vowed to destroy the Nazi invaders in his territory.Template:R

In April, Nazi spy Professor Barzak was ferreted out by FBI agents Randy Hayes and Jack Savage who foiled the spies plot to use a shrinking formula to steal secrets from a nearby American air force base.Template:R Also during this time, Mastermind Excello foiled a plot by Nazi spies seeking to cripple major American cities using a "super power plant" to set off a number of bombs that they had planted. Nazi spies active in America also attempted to steal plans for a torpedo repeller invented by Josh and Joel Williams, only to be foiled by their robot Flexo. More Nazi's from "Swastika Land" were foiled from planting mines in New York Harbor by Jim "Taxi" Taylor and his modified taxi cab.Template:R

In April, Nazi spy Professor Barzak was ferreted out by FBI agents Randy Hayes and Jack Savage who foiled the spies plot to use a shrinking formula to steal secrets from a nearby American air force base.Template:R Also during this time, Mastermind Excello foiled a plot by Nazi spies seeking to cripple major American cities using a "super power plant" to set off a number of bombs that they had planted. Nazi spies active in America also attempted to steal plans for a torpedo repeller invented by Josh and Joel Williams, only to be foiled by their robot Flexo. More Nazi's from "Swastika Land" were foiled from planting mines in New York Harbor by Jim "Taxi" Taylor and his modified taxi cab.Template:R

In May, the Nazi's successfully attacked London with a specially modified zeppelin. However before they could use the craft to attack Paris, it was blasted out of the sky by K-4 and the Sky-Devils. In the United States, Nazi purchasing agent Anson Dictor sought out a new jet engine invented by Don Gorman. Gorman refused, and when Gorman tested his new jet engine in commercial airliners, Anson and Gorman's employer Chester Orsen stole the planes. Gorman tracked down the stolen planes and Dictor and and Orsen were be arrested by the FBI. While in Africa, the Nazi's stationed near Trojak's territory were destroyed thanks to Jerry Alton, Edith's brother and an Allied spy who planted explosives around the base. Although Jerry, Trojak and Edith were captured, Trojak's tiger companion Balu set off the explosives, killing all the Nazis and freeing his friends.Template:R

June 1940 saw Sky-Devil members Rene D'Auvergne and Ronald Wolverston-Clodd captured by Nazi forces while attempting to photograph a Nazi sea and air base. They broke out of their cell and warned the Allies of a Nazi surprise attack. Allied Forces destroyed the base, and K-4 rescued his comrades.Template:R As the summer progress, Major Kerfoot infiltrated the American scientific community under the false identity of Professor Hamilton, earning himself into a position of trust to be invited to participate in the early stage of Operation Rebirth, the United States first attempt at making a super-soldier of their own. However, even as the Nazis were gaining ground in espionage, they Angel was slowly learning about their infiltration into the country. While back in Germany, American forces were beginning covert military operations in the country. In Frankfurt, a covert American bombing saw the destruction of the lab Brueder was working in, another set back to the Nazi's race to create a super-human. This attack also saw the release of John Steele who began roaming the German countryside.Template:R

In July, Deviant Warlord Kro, posing as Pluto, went to the Nazi ruled Prussialand posing as their dictator and using his influence to instigate more conflict. This was opposed by the Eternal known as Makkari (then posing as Mercury) to interfere. Using his speed powers Makkari stole plans and sabotaged Kro's attempts to stop the fighting leading to both sides becoming friends due to the lack of battle.Template:R During this time Magar the Mystic awoke from his slumber and found himself horrified by the war. Lending his magical powers to aid the French resistance in fighting off Nazi invaders, he summon edthe spirits of Napoleon, the Duke of Wellington and inventor Thomas Edison to he summon edthe spirits of Napoleon, the Duke of Wellington and inventor Thomas Edison to help end the battle. With the Nazi's rounded up, Magar ordered them to cease their hostilities and retreat to Germany.Template:R While both efforts certainly stopped some of the conflicts they were short lived, and did not end the Nazi's continued attempts to take over the world.

In September Marin Burns, supposedly the reincarnation of Hercules was given the costumed identity of Marvel Boy and sent to stop Nazi Fifth Columnists from infiltrating and undermining American security. Marvel Boy foiled the operation and led the FBI to the Fifth Columnists hideout in Washington, D.C.. While in France, Benjamin "Red" Ruff, also known as the Flying Flame, was sent past the "Sigfried Line" to try and learn how the Nazi's were destroying Allied fighters without any visible weapons. Captured by the Black Ace he learned that the Nazi's were using a magnetic weapon to destroy the plans. Sabotaging the device, Redd escaped and led Allied forces back to the base, destroying it and shooting down the Black Ace in a dog fight.Template:R Namor clashed once more with the Nazis, finding a Nazi U-boat outside the waters of New York being used to smuggle Nazi spies. He rounded them up and led the authorities to the U-boat, which the Sub-Mariner then trashed.Template:R Also during that month, a Nazi U-noat was spotted by the Sub-Mariner who decided to let it go, unsure if he was in support or against the Nazis. However, when accepting an invitation by a Nazi spy named Ursula to learn more about the Nazi ideals, Namor was disgusted by their idea of a "master race" and incapacitated their sub, leaving the spies to drown.Template:R

Namor again clashed with the Nazis when going after Lynne Harris and Luther Robinson. Learning that they were rescued by a Nazi U-boat, he attacked the ship and forced them to hand over Lynn. As he only sought to force Lynn to be his bride, he let the Nazis go about their way.Template:R Later, Namor and Lady Dorma decided to help in the war effort. Flying to a French controlled island, the two Atlanteans aided the French army in stopping a Luftwaffe aerial attack.Template:R Using answers from the captured Nazi commander, Namor and his Atlantean forces located a secret Nazi U-boat base on an island near Florida. Namor and his minions destroyed the base and wrecked the U-boats and brought them back to the French island to salvage.Template:R

The android Human Torch first encountered the Nazis in September of that year when they tricked his new partner Toro into believing that his parents were alive. With convincing impostors they got the young mutant to return with them to "Slave Land" where they tricked him into using his flame powers to help their munitions building. The Torch learned the truth and came to Toro's aid, clashing with their leaders "Adolph Hiccup" and "Ben Mouscilin". Learning the truth, Toro helped the Torch prevent the Nazis from launching a rocket attack on the United States. Also during this period the Sub-Mariner returned to the United States and foiled another Nazi attempt to infiltrate America through New York. Later he joined the US Navy in fighting off a Nazi attack off the Atlantic coast.Template:R Also during this period, the jungle man known as Ka-Zar and his lion companion Zar were returning to Africa by boat after an adventure in the United States. The ship was sunk by a Nazi U-boat.Template:R Surviving, Ka-Zar and Zar were brought aboard the Nazi ship where they rebelled against the Nazis. The Nazis did not get the chance to leave the two to die at sea as their U-boat was attacked and sunk by a British vessel who rescued Ka-Zar and Zar and returned them to Africa.Template:R

As the fall progressed, Nazi assassin Heinz Kruger was smuggled into the United States to infiltrate Operation Rebirth. Rendezvousing with Major Kerfoot, the two discovered they were being followed by the private detective known as the Ferret who had been investigating "Professor Hamilton" since his maid disappeared and he was hired to find her. They stabbed the Ferret to death and then torched his office to insure that nobody discovered their plans, unaware that it brought the Angel a step closer in his investigation. While in Nazi-occupied France, Nazi forces were being attacked by John Steele who saved a small town from Nazi occupation. While back in the United States, Krueger was given his appointed task: assassinate Erskine and insure that the American's super-soldier serum does not succeed.Template:R Also during this period, Nazi spies attempting to infiltrate Operation Rebirth are discovered by frail Steve Rogers who managed to escape them.Template:R Rogers was eventually selected for Operation Rebirth, and when the project was attacked by Nazi spies, he was protected by rejected Super-Soldier candidate Dominic Fortune.Template:R However, the project had already been infiltrated by Krueger, Kerfoot, and Cynthia Glass.Template:R

In the Winter of 1940, as Project Rebirth was underway Krueger was present when Erskine tested his formula on frail Steve Rogers transforming him into the pinnacle of human perfection. Kruger revealed his duplicity and succeeded in assassinating Erskine, but Steve Rogers tossed him into the lab's equipment, killing him.Template:R Although Erskine's formula was lost, fragments of it still existed, some of which was collected by Major Kerfoot. When his superiors came to collect them, they murdered Kerfoot and fled the scene. One Nazi spy also attempted to steal a sample of Steve's urine following Operation Rebirth, but was killed by a Russian spy who stole the sample instead.Template:R

### 1941

1941 saw an increase in Nazi activity, particularly overseas in many attempts to undermine American interests and outright invade the United States prior to the countries entry into the war. New costumed heroes also rose from the war and foiled various Nazi plans.

In January, Nazi Fifth Columnists led by Pinhead attacked New York City in a bid to force it into supporting the Nazi cause, this plot was foiled by the Human Torch and Toro. Pinhead was slain by the Torch. New York continued to be terrorized by Nazis led by former criminal Karl Schwab who electrified the entire city. However this plot was ruined and Schwab killed by the Angel. In France, the Sub-Mariner, Luther Robinson and Lynne Harris uncovered a Nazi plot to dig a tunnel under the English Channel to the United Kingdom and destroyed the plan.Template:R

In March of that year, Johann Schmid -- now the Red Skull -- arrived with an army of Nazi soldiers in the town liberated by John Steel months earlier and murdered every man, woman and child.Template:R While in the United States, Nazi spies attempted to assassinate Colonel Hansen but were stopped by Captain America.Template:R Spies also captured Biz, an American soldier who discovered Captain America's secret identity, and tortured him but the soldier refused to reveal the secret and died, frustrating the spies attempts.Template:R Also during this time, Major Kerfoot managed to avoid capture and escaped with a portion of Erskine's super-soldier formula. When his superiors came for him, they killed him and recovered his books.Template:R They were traced to the Liberty Shipyards by Captain AmericaTemplate:R where Cap and the Angel battled the Nazis. While most were captured, their leader escaped back to Nazi Germany with the notes collected by Kerfoot. Also at that time Professor Bruder was set up in a new lab just outside Berlin. There he was teamed with fellow scientist Professor Burstein in continuing experiments in replicating either the source of John Steele's powers or replicating Erskine's formula.Template:R Shortly thereafter, a Nazi attempt to sabotage Boulder Dam was also prevented by Captain America.Template:R Also, in March of '41 the newly empowered Blazing Skull attempted to stop a plot by Nazi agent Meitzer from utilizing an enervating gas to make shells stronger. This lead to his temporary capture and torture at the hands of Adolf Hitler himself. The Blazing Skull did not break down and scream before the Fuhrer, causing the dictator to leave in a fury and the Blazing Skull escaped the Nazis.Template:R

In the Spring of that year Nazi forces in Europe battles Captain America for the first time.Template:R While back in the United States, Cynthia Glass was exposed as a double agent, but having fallen in love with Captain America, sacrificed her life to save him.Template:R When Nazi spies attempted to invade the Maryland coast, Captain America and his new partner Bucky defended their homeland and drove the Nazi forces back.Template:RTemplate:R Later, when Namor kidnapped President Franklin Delano Roosevelt the Nazis attempted to capitalize on this by assassinating the US President. However, Captain America came to Roosevelt's rescue and Namor (realizing the errors of his ways) assisted Captain America in fighting off the Nazis.Template:R Shortly thereafter, Captain America and his new partner Bucky foiled the Nazi sabotage plots of Nazi agents Sando and Omar. Captain America also foiled a Nazi plot orchestrated by Rathcone to eliminate senior American military officials. In addition, American aircraft manufacturer George Maxon betrayed his country by joining the Nazi cause and begas posing as Nazi agent the Red Skull in America. His first attempt to sabotage American military jets ended in his seeming death.Template:R Also during this period Nazi scientist allied with mad scientist Doctor Manyac to develop robotic versions of his Green Flames and kidnapped Philo Zog, inventor of the Electro robot. They forced Zog to work with Manyac in creating a massive robot called Operation: Blockbuster. But they were stopped by the Sub-Mariner, police woman Betty Dean, the Angel, Human Torch, Toro and someone posing as the Ferret.Template:R

During April that year, Captain America foiled a Nazi plot to replace American millionaire Henry Baldwin with a Nazi spy before he could give money to the British war effort. Cap and Bucky traveled to Germany and freed Baldwin from the Black Forest concentration camp clashing with Hitler and Hermann Goering in person. Back in the United States Nazi agent Wax Man eliminated American military officials until slain by Captain America and Bucky.Template:R Fifth Columnists operating in Washington D.C. attracted the attention of reporter Eileen Conroy prompting them to eliminate her. They were stopped and captured by the Thunderer. During this same month, a Nazi U-boat attack on a research vessel carrying scientist Elton Morrow caused the blue diamond he was researching to be embedded in his skin, leading to his becoming the costumed hero known as the Blue Diamond.Template:R While in Europe, the Sub-Mariner, Luther Robinson and Lynn Harris used Nazi mines to destroy a Nazi base in Northern France.Template:R Furious of Namor's constant involvement in the war, Hitler ordered a Nazi attack on Atlantis. The initial attack led to the supposed death of Emperor Thakorr, leaving Namor as ruler of the kingdom. Namor led his people to victory, repelling the Nazi attackers. The Nazis next stole a supply of Radium from New York City. When Namor needed the radium to cure his people of an unknown illness, he clashed with them and recovered the much needed element.Template:R

In May 1941, Maxon -- surviving his previous encounter with Captain America -- stole a powerful drill and terrorized New York as the Red Skull before being slain by Captain America and Bucky.Template:R By this time, Captain America learned that the Red Skull he battled in America was only an impostor and traveled to Europe with Bucky to confront the real Red Skull. Captain America was captured and then injected with a serum that made him obedient to his enemy.Template:R Despite Hitler's orders to kill Captain America, the Skull sent him to London with a team of Nazi operatives to eliminate a high ranking American military official, while Bucky escaped Nazi captivity and followed after them.Template:R However, Captain America shook off Nazi conditioning and with Bucky's aid stopped the Nazi invaders. Shortly thereafter they stopped an escaped Nazi prisoner of war from using a new prototype vanishing ray on American troops.Template:R Later, American filmmaker Mark Carstine was murdered and his anti-Nazi film was terrorized by the Craig Talbot an American actor and Nazi sympathizer who was exposed by Captain America and Bucky.Template:R While fleeing the Sub-Mariner, Betty Dean, Luther Robinson and Lynne Harris were attacked by a Nazi fleet. When the Sub-Mariner caught up with them, Betty convinced Namor to fight the Nazis, destroying the flee with an army of aero-subs. Meanwhile, the extra-dimension Vision appeared in a German concentration camp and freed its prisoners, including Nazi protester Professor Bauer and aided him in escaping to Portugal.Template:R

Early that summer, Nazi forces struggled to prevent John Steele from entering back into Nazi Germany. While at the Nazis Berlin science lab, the Red Skull arrived with Meranno (later U-Man) an Atlantean exile who had joined the Nazi cause. There the Skull outed Bruder's assistant Eric Schmitt as a Jew and had him taken away to be placed in a Nazi concentration camp. The Skull and Meranno began plotting a coordinated attack on both coasts of the United States by the Nazis, Imperial Japan, and a rogue Atlantean faction, unaware that John Steele had infiltrated the facility and was listening in on their plans.Template:R Later, Hitler personally authorized the Lord of Death to operate in New York's Bowery district turning the local homeless into an army of zombies to attack American naval vessels docked in the area. This plot was foiled by Captain America and Bucky. Also during this time, the Sub-Mariner discovered a secret Nazi operation off the coast of Virginia to create boats within the United States to destroy American fleets, and took down the operation.Template:R Other Nazi subversives operating in the United States were the Unholy Legion who posed as homeless people and used disguised weapons during their operations until they were shut down by Captain America and Bucky.Template:R

In Bermuda, Nazi agents played upon local superstitions posing as undead "Nazombies" until they were exposed by the Sub-Mariner and the Angel. Hitler dispatched the Mad Violinist to the United States to use his killer music to eliminate American military officials. Trailed by the Patriot, the Violinists committed suicide rather than face capture.Template:R Also during this period the Cat's Paw was hired by Nazis to eliminate the owners of companies providing weapons to the United States military. Her attempts constantly interfered with by the Angel, she learned that she was working for the Nazis and seemingly committed suicide. While in Africa, Nazi forces worked together with their Italian allies to clear African jungle using chemicals to eliminate all life to facilitate the creation of Nazi/Italian bases. This plot was stopped by jungle adventurer Ka-Zar who destroyed one of the Nazi bases and wrecked their air fleet.Template:R The Sub-Mariner meanwhile stumbled upon a group of Nazi war criminals who had broken out of prisoner of war camps in Canada attempting to smuggle themselves into the United States and trick them into recapture. The Nazis also hired the contortionist known as the Python to capture, torture and force American scientists to reveal their secrets. His plans werefoiled by the Angel who turned him over to the authorities.Template:R

By the end of June that year, the true Red Skull sought to capture British spy Agent Zero, leading to a clash with the newly formed Young Allies. Although the Red Skull succeeded in capturing Agent Zero and taking her back to Nazi Germany, the Young Allies succeeded in rescuing her and fleeing the country. Most humiliating of all, during this encounter the Red Skull was be tricked into thinking Hitler was an impostor and beat him up while Hermann Goering's car was be stolen by the Allies.Template:R While this was happening, Nazi operative Baron Wolfgang von Strucker was sent to the nation of Madripoor to form an alliance with the Hand, a band of ninja assassins, offering them young Natasha Romanov as a sacrifice. This plan was foiled by Captain America, Iven Petrovitch and the mutant adventurer Logan (later Wolverine).Template:R July saw more clashes with the Sub-Mariner who investigated a series of plane crashes in the United States along with his friend Betty Dean. The duo uncovered a secret Nazi installment under the lake where the crashes happened and destroyed the operation. That same month, a train containing a group of Nazi prisoners being deported out of the United States was taken over by Nazi prisoner of war Heinrich von Betz. His escape attempt was thwarted by the Patriot.Template:R

In August of 1941, the Nazis sent the Circus of Crime to eliminate military officials in the United States while posing as a legitimate circus. Their mission was uncovered and taken apart by Captain America and Bucky. Also during this month a Nazi Bund operating in the Untied States began terrorizing German-Americans into joining their ranks. This plot was also foiled by Captain America and Bucky. Devil's Island, a French occupied domain became the site of a Nazi prisoner of war camp. Captain America and Bucky freed captured American pilot Tom Jason. Upon his rescue Jason returned to Europe where he helped Allied Forces fight in Greece. August also saw newspaper reporter Jerry Hunter dispatched to Britain to cover the war as a foreign correspondent for an American newspaper. He learned that an American embassy worker was really a German spy seeking to prevent the passage of a food treaty between Britain and the United State. Hunter foiled the plot, and tricked the traitor to bomb a German facility instead of the Prime Ministers residence on 10 Downing Street.Template:R Nazi attempts to capture the nation of Alslavia were foiled by the Human Torch and Toro, and the Sub-Mariner came across a number of Nazi spies operating in Salt Late City. Later in the month, in Africa Nazi and Italian forces continued to attempt to expand their presence in the region only to be continually opposed by Ka-Zar. While back in the United States, the Patriot spoiled a Nazi spy's attempt to prevent the construction of a new model of tank.Template:R Also during this month a human smuggling operation run by Nazi agent Dame Kackle was thwarted by the Defender and Rusty. Major Liberty also foiled a Nazi attempt at destroying munitions plants, while a plot by Nazi Eric von Himmel to sabotage American aircraft manufacturers was ruined by the Young Avenger.Template:R

In September of that year, Jerry Hunter exposed weapons manufacturer Lord Wotonby to be a traitor building a massive tank for the Nazis within Britain, and destroyed it before it could cause too much damage.Template:R Nazi agent N-4 posed as a secretary for Topper Tank factory in order to sabotage their new tank, only to be captured by the Human Torch and Toro. A Nazi Bund agent named Howards got employment at a theater to halt production of anti-Nazi play "Swastikas Over Europe" by murdering members of the cast and crew until he was captured by the Patriot. While in Africa, Ka-Zar stole a Nazi plane and used its poison gas to eliminate an entire air field of Nazi soldiers. Nazi agents coerced a tribe living on an island on the pacific to kidnap American scientists, this plot was be thwarted by the Angel.Template:R

By October American reporter Kevin Marlow in Germany was tossed into a the Strohm prison when attempting to get the true story behind them. There he was given a derivative of the Super Soldier Serum by the mortally wounded scientist Eric Schmitt. Freeing the other prisoners and breaking out of the prison, Marlow used his newfound powers to become the Destroyer and attack Nazi forces within Germany. His initial clashes with the Gestapo led to Gestapo leader Fredrich von Banger capturing the Destroyer and attempting to drown the hero. However, the Destroyer managed to escape. Later, the Destroy allied himself with Florence von Banger (no relation to Fredrich) and put an end to Nazi scientist the Scar who was using his inventions to keep the German people in line. Nazi Fifth Columnists also set up the false company "Life-Like Dolls Co" as a front to shrink American officials down to size and murder them. When one such doll was sent to President Roosevelt the Terror tracked down the spies and eliminated their operation. The Nazis also soon heard of a secret flight being taken by British Prime Minister Winston Churchill over Germany. Their attempt to capture Churchill was thwarted by the Blazing Skull.Template:R Also during October, Nazi spy Kurt Mueller took the place of American Lieutenant Conroy and attempted to steal secret documents by forcing a plane crash Malay Archipelago where the Nazis had gained the loyalty of the Dhaka Tribe. Mueller was slain and the files recovered by Captain America and Bucky. In Germany, Florence von Banger and her uncle Rudolf Hess were forced into a concentration camp in order to force Hess to use his scientific knowledge to create a black plague bomb to drop on England. This plot was thwarted by the Destroyer who clashed with Hitler himself before disarming the disease filled missile, leaving its pilot to be captured by Allied Forces. While back in the United States, Nazi spy the Lens used poisoned jewelry to eliminate American citizens to create panic until stopped by the Whizzer and out at sea, the Sub-Mariner discovered that a supposed Nazi "ghost fleet" was nothing more than Nazi U-boats with projector screens planted above them and helped Allied Forces sink them.Template:R

In the fall of 1941, The Nazis faced additional opposition in the month of October from an allied army of undersea dwellers lead by the Sub-Mariner who was launching an all-out war against the surface world. When the Human Torch attempted to warn the various countries of Namor's threat, Hitler passed it off as nothing more than Russian propaganda. This was his mistake as soon Germany was be flooded and invaded by Atlantean forces until the invasion was thwarted by the Human Torch.Template:R Also during this time Nazi operatives in Ireland discovered the underwater community known as the Druids of Black Moors and convinced them to aid the Nazi cause in attacking Britain. These attacks attracted the attention of the Sub-Mariner who convinced the Druids to turn against the Nazis and force them out of their domain. In the United States a former writer for Julius Streicher's Der Strumer newspaper began murdering the creative team of Anti-Nazi Comics, leading to the Angel posing as a writer to capture him.Template:R

As the month of October came to pass, the Red Skull returned to the United States and began eliminating more military officials using Chopin's "Funeral March" as his calling card, he was thwarted by Captain America and Bucky. In addition, Nazi agent the Fiddler used his talents to eliminate US Senators who were opposed to the Nazis until he died attempting to drive Bucky mad with his music. While in Britain, Nazi agents murdered a prominent American actor and framed a British citizen in an attempt to turn the United States against Britain. This plot was exposed by Jerry Hunter.Template:R Nazi operative the Creeper was hand picked by Hitler to infiltrate the United States but he was captured and imprisoned by Captain America and Bucky.Template:R Also during this time, Atlantis was taken over by Namor's uncle Daka who allied with the Nazis and the Seal People to invade Argentina in the first step of invading both North and South America. This plot was thwarted by Namor and an army of Atlantean resistance fighters. Also during this period, German military official Herr Huss pretended to defect to the United States in an attempt to leave it vulnerable to attack, this plot was foiled by the Patriot. While at the same time in Africa, Ka-Zar learned that Arabian prince Ali Hamud was allowing Nazi planes to refuel at his home, and destroyed it with the help of Ali's brother Saba.Template:RTemplate:R Back in the United States group of spies led by Countess Mara attempted to steal a rapid fire grenade launcher, she and her minions were stopped by Captain America and Bucky. Later that month, Nazi spies captured Captain America as he was appearing in Gotham City for a charity appearance and attempted to convince him to join the Nazis. Captain America declined and turned the group over to the authorities. In England, Nazi spy Wilhelm von Logor posed as journalist Will Jenks to assassinate British intelligence official Reginald Whitney in order to prevent him from revealing secrets about the Nazis learned during a trip to Russia. He was stopped by the international reporter Headline Hunter. Stateside, Nazi agent Kurt Hausner posed as the fortune teller Yogi Zamor to eliminate high ranking military officials. His activities gained the attention of Father Time who attempted to bring him to justice. Hausner committed suicide in order to prevent capture.Template:R

In November, Nazi spy Pierre Dumort posed as a French resistance fighter and loaded war game guns at Camp Lehigh with live rounds of ammunition to eliminate as many soldiers as possible. His plot was thwarted by Captain America and Bucky. While in the UK, Jerry Hunter learned of a Nazi plot poisoning produce grown in the country side with a crop duster and used the very same poison on the Nazi agents.Template:R Also during this time the Nazi agent the Python attempted to escape from death row, and died attempting to escape prison during a clash with the Angel. While in the forests of Maine, Nazi agents set a series of forest fires until their plans were discovered by boy detective Terry Vance. Meanwhile, the Sub-Mariner was called to Florida by his friends Betty Ross, Luther Robinson and Lynne Harris to investigate strange sightings of small footprints in the area. He discovered that the Venusian Lavorites led by Queen Jarna had allied with the Nazis to build a secret undersea base off the coast of the United States in an invasion attempt. After forcing the Lavorites to return to their home planet, the Sub-Mariner forced Jarna to aid him in destroying the Nazi camp.Template:RTemplate:R Also during this time, the Nazi agent Black Claw began sinking American ships prompting costumed hero Captain Terror to come out of retirement and end his operation. Big game hunter Reynolds allowed Nazi agents to operate from his island to sink American ships until the operation was taken down by Major Liberty. Nazi agent J.P. Evans used his position as the owner of a munitions company in the United States to smuggle weapons between the US and Mexico until his operation was stopped by the Defender and Rusty.Template:R Also during that month, Baron Strucker and Nazi operatives were sent out to Djbera, Africa. There Strucker, deciding to break off from the Nazi's founded his first incarnation of Hydra. However, this operation was complicated by the arrival of Captain America, Bucky, Nick Fury (leading the British S.A.S.), and Logan who came to the area to recover Nazi defector Major Hans Guetterez. Unknown to all, Bucky was given secret orders to track down Baron Strucker and assassinate him.Template:R While the heroes were caught in a Nazi fire fight, Bucky slipped away to eliminate Strucker but the others soon followed and Captain America convinced Bucky to capture Strucker instead of kill him.Template:R However, Logan got new orders from his employer, the mysterious Romulus to help Strucker escape, betraying his comrades as they tried to fly out of the region. who tipped off Baron Zemo to their position and shot them out of the sky. Strucker and Zemo forced Logan and Captain America to fight to the death until Bucky shot Logan through the chest and forced the Nazis to flee under fire. The Americans left Logan to die in the desert, but his mutant healing factor insured his survivial.Template:R While in the United States, there was another plot to attack Camp Lehigh staged by Fifth Columnists in an attempt to shake the American public's faith in the United States military by posing as American soldiers, this plan was stopped by Captain America and Bucky.Template:R

In December, Hitler personally sent his agent the Reaper to travel into the United States and use his rabble rousing techniques to convince Americans to take up the Nazi cause, but he was stopped by Captain America and Bucky.Template:R Soon after, the Nazis sent out their costumed operative the Teutonic Knight to steal a number of inventions created by the United States and Allied Forces. In the United States he stole a new battle ship called the Flying Arsenal, foiling Captain America and Bucky's attempt to stop him; In rural England he kidnapped Dr. Barrow from a train under guard by the Human Torch and Toro; and was able to best Namor aboard a ship off the African coast, stealing a supply of the rare Radium-X.Template:R At this time, John Steele had infiltrated a Nazi fortress and learned more about the planned invasion of the United States, and reported back to the States about a secret meeting. When U-Man and his rogue Atlanteans later met with Nazi forces they were attacked by Captain America, Bucky, and the Angel. U-Man fled leaving the only survivor, an Atlantean soldier, to be captured and turned over to the American authorities.Template:R With information gleaned from the Atlantean soldier, Captain America, Bucky and Namor were able to face a combined Nazi/Atlantean invasion of the American east coast, part of a two pronged attack which included the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour on December 7, 1941. While the Nazis and Atlanteans were forced back at the east, the attack on Pearl Harbour was not as successful. However, the United States government managed to cover up the east coast attack and then officially entered into World War II.Template:R

While in Europe, Nazi agents were dispatched to Switzerland to eliminate a scientist who defected from Germany following the outbreak of the war. In the Alps they were stopped by Jerry Hunter who traveled to the location to investigate the strange killings.Template:R Also during this time, German saboteur Armless Tiger Man was sent to the United States to destroy American factories until he was stopped by the Angel.Template:R Later that month, the Destroyer ruined the war machines of Herr Sin before he could use them to sink Allied ships, while in the United States the Black Widow eliminated Lewis & Sykes, two munitions distributors who sold weapons to the Nazis and Allied Forces to profit on the war effort.Template:R

By the 22nd of December, Nazi agents within the United States had learned that Dr. Anderson, a scientist who was part of Operation Rebirth, was working on trying to recreate Abraham Erskine's Super-Soldier Serum. They kidnapped Anderson and forced him to use his knowledge to transform American-German Bundist Wilhelm Lohmer into the first Nazi super-soldier, Master Man. Master Man was then sent to assassinate British Prime Minister Winston Churchill who was en route to America to speak to the United States government about their entry into the war. Master Man's mission was thwarted by the combined efforts of Captain America, Bucky, Human Torch, Toro, and the Sub-Mariner. During the battle the faulty serum failed and Lohmer reverted back to his normal form and was easily captured. In this attempt, the Nazi's caused the formation of their greatest threat ever: The first union of Allied super-heroes who became known as the Invaders.Template:R

In France, French resistance fighters in the city of La Brave, aware of when the Allied D-Day invasion was going to occur radioed for assistance to avoid capture and having the information forced out of them. The Nazi forces were met by Nick Fury and his command, the Howling Commandos who rescued the resistance fighters and helped maintain the date of D-Day a secret from the Nazis.Template:R While in Germany, the Nazi scientist named Brain Drain was responsible for working on the Master Man project, and had recently discovered members of the Tekeli-Li alien race stranded in Germany. He brainwashed them members MCM-XLI, Donar, Froh and Loga into believing they were the German Teutonic Gods and exploited their technology to create a powerful atomic weapon. However, the Invaders, traveling into Europe to investigate Brain Drain intervened.Template:R During the course of the battle, the Tekeli-Li members were freed from Brain Drain's control and sacrificed their lives to destroy their technology, although Brain Drain survived the resulting nuclear blast.Template:R

### 1942

By 1942 the use of paranormal and super-humans by the Nazis began to expand. U-Man, now fully working for the Nazis was sent on another attempt to assassinate Winston Churchill on his way back to England from the United States,Template:R but he was defeated by the Invaders and fled capture.Template:R The Nazis soon contacted Basil Frankenstein (descendant of legendary scientist Victor Frankenstein) to use his ancestors advances in science to create a Frankenstein's Monster that way loyal to the Nazis. From his castle in the Swiss Alps, Frankenstein and his creature captured the Human Torch and Toro to experiment on them, but they were rescued by the remaining Invaders. During the battle Basil, his Japanese assistant Dr. Kitagowa and the monster were all slain.Template:R

Later, Adolf Hitler assigned his agent Doctor Dragon to dug a tunnel to England under the Channel. This tunnel was destroyed by the Destroyer and the hero turned Dr. Dragon over to the British authorities.Template:R During a Nazi invasion of Holland and Denmark, British soldier John Watkins was injured in combat and presumed dead. Sneaking back to Britain from behind enemy lines and returned to Britain. He was sent back by his superiors to terrorize the Nazis as Citizen Z. His initial mission included meeting Hitler face-to-face and slapping a sign on the dictators back with his trademark "V for Victory" emblem. Also during this time Erich Von Wolff aka the Barracuda began taking pleasure of sinking civilian ships. This gained the attention of the Fin who then forced von Wolf and his crew to surrender to the British Navy. While in the United States Nazi scientist Eric Karlin created a legion of living zombies to attempt to steal back German assets frozen in the Federal Reserve Bank. This operation was opposed by the Blue Diamond who sent Karlin falling to his death in a vat of acid.Template:R Later in the month of January, Nazi agent the Saint's plot to steal a super-air tank design was foiled by the Human Torch and Toro; Off the coast of Africa Ka-Zar assisted Free French resistance fighters sink a Nazi U-boat;Template:R Nazi agent the Gypsy Gargoyle would fail at his mission to steal a new camouflage paint being tested by the United States Army thanks to interference from Captain Terror,Template:R and Nazi operative Baron Boche would hire the services of the criminal Black Talon to capture the island dubbed New America for the Nazis. This plan was foiled by the Young Allies.Template:R

In March, Nazi spy Guy Stanford used his British tabloid the Tattler to turn the British public against Headline Hunter while simultaneously assisting in a massive gas attack on Britain. Hunter learned the truth and warned the public of an antidote before Stafford was killed in a Nazi plane trying to stop Hunter from dropping leaflets.Template:R In the United States some Nazi rabble rousers managed to convince ship builders to walk off the job until they were exposed by the Patriot, who sent their leader falling to his death.Template:R While back in Germany, the activities of the Destroyer angered Hitler to the point he sent his "only friend" Von Maus to eliminate the hero. The Destroyer defeated Von Mause and posing as the master killer delivered some humiliation upon Hitler himself. While in Dakar, Africa, slaves were used to build railroads and when the supply was running low Nazi agents posed as refugee ships to capture new slaves. This plot was learned by the Terror who boarded one of these ships, freed it's passengers then traveled to Dakar and terrorized Nazi forces there.Template:R Lastly, at an Aerodrome in France, Red Ruff finally exposed the Nazi spy in their midst who was posing as their mechanic.Template:R By the spring of '42, Nazi operative Felix Sak staged a secret U-boat base hidden beneath his private island off the American cost, this base was discovered by the Sub-Mariner who slew Sak and sent the American Navy to destroy the island. While in Germany, still frustrated by the Destroyers continued crusade against his regime, Hitler then sent his agent Heinrich Bungler to stop the hero. Bungler attempted to flush the Destroyer out by executing outspoken anti-Nazi priest Pastor Muller. However, the Destroyer defeated Bungler and rescue Muller.Template:R In April of of that year Herr Horner traveled to Britain posing as a German defector to eliminate anti-Nazi writer Lord Danvers, but he and his partner Gestapo agent Cramm were stopped by Headline Hunter.Template:R

With constant opposition from the Invaders, the Red Skull and a group of Nazi scientists traveled to the United States and attacked the heroes during a parade, capturing Captain America, Sub-Mariner, Human Torch and Toro. The Skull, finding Bucky useless to his plans left the boy to watch as his friends were captured. Using a brainwashing device the Red Skull turned the majority of the Invaders into his obedient slaves and set them to attack American munitions factories.Template:R Undaunted, Bucky formed the another group of heroes called Liberty Legion and trained them to work as a team, taking down various Nazi threats.Template:R This infuriated the Red Skull to the point where he sent out the enthralled Invaders to destroy various American national monuments, but each one was stopped by members of the Liberty Legion and Toro was recaptured.Template:R The Skull then issued a challenge to battle his enslaved Invaders at Yankee Stadium, and with the aid of bat-boy Fred Davis Jr. destroyed the Skull's equipment freeing the Invaders, however the Skull and his men escaped.Template:R In London, the Nazi's continued to sew chaos on the English with the aid of English vampire Baron Blood, secretly Jogn Falsworth brother of Montgomery Falsworth, formally the World War I hero Union Jack. His attacks on the victims of Nazi bombings attracted the attention of the InvadersTemplate:R and brought the Union Jack out of retirement to hunt him down.Template:R After severely draining Montgomery's daughter Jacqueline, Baron Blood was forced to flee to a nearby cave where was impaled on a stalagmite, temporarily killing him. Template:R By this point, Nazis had forced Jewish scientist John Goldstein to use his Blue Bullet armor to attack the Invaders in exchange for the life of his brother Jacob. The Invaders were able to defeat Blue Bullet with the aid of the newly empowered Jacqueline Falsworth who joined the team as Spitfire.Template:R Soon after Nazi forces in stationed in the Jewish ghettos of Warsaw, Poland were attacked by the Invaders who had come to liberate Jacob Goldstein. However, Jacob refused to leave his people or his studies into the mythical Golem of Jewish myth. The Invaders were soon captured by Nazi forcesTemplate:R and held prisoner by disfigured Nazi agent the Face who attempted to learn the secrets of Captain America's shield. However, the Face's plans were ruined when Goldstein became the embodiment of the Golem and rescued the heroes, helping them escape.Template:R

In England a Nazi spy named Alfie formed a super-hero team called the Crusaders in order to undermine the Invaders popularity among the British people and have them placed on a security detail for a public appearance of the King of England. By upstaging the Invaders, the Crusaders did just that,Template:R however when the team learned the truth, both the Invaders and Crusaders stopped the assassination attempt and captured Alfie.Template:R Nazi spy Agent Axis then teamed-up with the Shark and the Hyena to target Captain America, Human Torch and Sub-Mariner as they returned to the United States. Agent Axis managed to steal Captain America's shield, the Shark stole Namor's swim trunks, and the Hyena a sample of the Torch's synthetic blood. Before either of the villains could eliminate their targets they were plucked out of time by the cosmic being known as the Grandmaster.Template:R At that same moment, Nazi forces were battling the time displaced Avengers before they were pitted against the Invaders.Template:R When the battle in France was over, the three Invaders were returned to their own place in time and beat their foes and recovered their stolen property.Template:R At that time Hitler had became a target of the Howling Commandos when they were given orders to smuggle themselves into Nazi Germany and capture the Fuhrer himself. The Howlers failed to nab Hitler during one of his speeches leading to the entire unit to be captured, save Nick Fury. Fury then rescued his comrades and nabbed who they thought was Hitler and managed to escape. However upon arrival in England, they soon learned that the man they nabbed was really one of Hitler's many impersonators.Template:R

Elsewhere in Germany, the Red Skull and Baron Strucker allied themselves with the Thule Society to obtain powerful occult weapons to use in the war. Using Atlantean citizens as sacrifices they summoned the Hammer of Skadi which crashed to Earth in Antarctica. When the Nazis went to recover the weapon they were attacked by Captain America, Bucky and the Sub-Mariner. Realizing that he could not lift the Hammer and needed to find somebody worthy, the Skull had the Thule Society hide it with their magics and fled, leaving Strucker to think they recovered a powerful weapon. The Hammer of Skadi was not uncovered for many decades after the war had ended.Template:R Not long thereafter, Baron Zemo had perfected his latest invention, Adhesive X, but during a clash with Captain America a vat of the fluid was smashed open and spilled onto Zemo, gluing his mask to his face. Zemo fled, vowing to get revenge against Captain America.Template:R

Thirteen actors (excluding doubles) appear in all eight films. They are:

1. **Daniel Radcliffe** as Harry Potter (as well as Ron Weasley, Hermione Granger, Fred Weasley, George Weasley, Fleur Delacour and Mundungus Fletcher under the effects of Polyjuice Potion);
2. **Rupert Grint**as Ronald Weasley;
3. **Emma Watson**as Hermione Granger;
4. **Robbie Coltrane** as Rubeus Hagrid;
5. **Alan Rickman** as Severus Snape;
6. **Geraldine Somerville** as Lily Evans;
7. **Bonnie Wright**asGinny Weasley;
8. **Matthew Lewis** as Neville Longbottom;
9. **Tom Felton** as Draco Malfoy;
10. **James Phelps** as Fred Weasley;
11. **Oliver Phelps** as George Weasley;
12. **Devon Murray** as Seamus Finnigan;
13. **Warwick Davis**asGriphook in *Deathly Hallows: Part 1*, and Filius Flitwick in the rest.

Furthermore, as *Deathly Hallows: Part 1* and *Deathly Hallows: Part 2* were filmed as one film, the following four actors were also present for the filming of all eight films (despite not appearing in *Part 1*):

1. **Maggie Smith** as Minerva McGonagall**;**
2. **David Bradley** as Argus Filch**;**
3. **Josh Herdman** as Gregory Goyle (as well as Harry Potter under the effects of Polyjuice Potion);
4. **Alfie Enoch** as Dean Thomas**.**

Additionally, the following two characters appear in all eight films, but were not portrayed by the same actor in each one:

1. **Albus Dumbledore**, portrayed by Richard Harris in the first two films, and Michael Gambon from the third onwards (as well as by Toby Regbo as a teenager);
2. **Peter Pettigrew**, portrayed by Dex in the first three films (in the form of Scabbers the Rat), and Timothy Spall from the third onwards.

1. ↑ Template:Wikilink
2. ↑ Template:Cite news