Skarelan

**Skarelan** (Skarelan: *Uterkrien*) is a constructed language used by SKA and formerly SOC. It is used as a lingua franca throughout SKA.

## Uterkrien

### Writing

Latin alphabetOther writing systems (rarely)

## Name

The name "Skarelan" derives from the Skarelan word *skarel*, meaning "agent".

## History

The earliest forms of Skarelan date back to around 1650 in SOC. It was created by the members of JEMCDLX in order to be a language that could be used secretly, only by SOC.

### Old Skarelan

Old Skarelan (Skarelan: *uterkrien alot*) was the form of Skarelan used in SOC. Some of its differences from Middle Skarelan are:

* Use of the preposition *ep* instead of genitive case
* Spelling was irregular and used several non-Latin letters
* /y/ and /q/ did not exist as separate phonemes
* Lack of imperative verb morphology

### Middle Skarelan

Middle Skarelan (Skarelan: *uterkrien sat*) was the form of Skarelan used in early SKA (before c. 1850). It was a transitional period between Old and Modern Skarelan. Some of its differences from Modern Skarelan are:

* Presence of /h/
* Copula verb was placed after the subject
* Use of the particles *imi* and *ini* instead of the affixes ol- and -ol.

## Phonology

### Vowels

 **Mid** | ɛ ~ e
 **Open** | a

### Phonotactics

Syllable structure in Skarelan is (C)(C)(V)(V)(C)(C). Approximants may be syllabic and there may be diphthongs.

## Grammar

### Nouns

Nouns are inflected for two numbers (singular and plural) and two cases (nominative and genitive). This is done with suffixes:

 **Genitive** | -u

### Verbs

Verbs are conjugated for number, person, and mood. Tense is indicated with particles. All verb conjugation is done with prefixes. Imperative verbs only have the prefix ker-. Other non-infinitive verbs have one of five prefixes according to person and number:

 **Second** | e-
 **Third** | a-

The subject pronoun may be dropped in informal circumstances, especially in the imperative mood.

### Word Order

Word order in Skarelan is verb-subject-object and is fairly fixed. Adjectives, adverbs (not including verbal particles), and genitives are always placed after the words they modify, and verbs are placed at the beginning of a sentence. Relative clauses are usually placed after nouns but may be placed before; for example, *Aket reketh, spid ater ki skareler, qorp* and *Aket, spid ater ki skareler, reketh qorp* could both be used for "The Rekethan that killed the agents is here."

Determiners and prepositions are placed before nouns and pronouns.

Infinitive verbs are put directly after the main verb. Verb particles are placed after verbs. They are usually also placed after the subject and adverb, but may be placed directly after the verb. When multiple particles are used, the reflexive particle is put first, if present, followed by the main tense particle and a secondary tense particle, if present. For example:

"You will have become sick"

## Orthography

### Latin-Based

Aside from the official SKA alphabet, there are multiple other Latin-script alphabets used for Skarelan with minor differences.

When handwritten, Skarelan is often written in an all-caps boustrophedon style with the letter Š replaced with Ʃ and Ü replaced with Ʊ.

### Non-Latin

Skarelan has also been adapted for multiple non-Latin writing systems, although these are rarely used:

### Old Skarelan Letters

Old Skarelan used several non-Latin letters, mainly for consonant clusters:

* Д/д was used for /kr/
* μ was used for /sv/, which later swtiched to /sk/
* ח was used for /tar/
* Ⴤ/ჴ was used for /wt/

## Example text

Tek apa wat wawatu ki oud ouqpetu, tek oud šaforupu.

Tek, šira u'it arep ki ap moyne'or, utham arep ki esopuleot drok esop Šinaru, tek utarev arep ki korp.

Tek ufor arep ki i'er, kerit, ithrim orwep talathaln tek taltalqa,