Algeria

**Algeria**, officially the **Federation of Algeria**, is a country in North Africa, bordered by Morocco to the west, Mauritania and Gao to the southwest, a Tuareg insurgency to the southeast, and Sanusi Africa to the east. It is a member state of the Third International.

The country was founded in 1948 in the aftermath of the Second Weltkrieg via the National Agreement, which ended the Third International's occupation under the Algiers Liberated Zone and established a multi-ethnic federation, with all three groups being granted official status. The act, designed to prevent a race war between all three groups, was controversial and seen by some Arab nationalists as a betrayal of the Anti-Colonial Committee's promise, along with angering many French *inconciliables*, who still held strong anti-Entente sympathy.

The architect of the National Agreement was the syndicalist philosopher and author Albert Camus, who had gone on to write the country's constitution. One of few French Algerians who had worked strongly against the National government, he was elected as the country's first President shortly after independence, along with his party, the Popular Constitutionalists. Serving two terms thus far, his projected successor, Prime Minister Rabah Bitat, has shared his sympathies for a united, multiethnic Algeria, serving as the head of the Popular Constitutionalist Party in Parliament.

## Politics

Algeria is officially a federal semi-presidential socialist republic. The Algerian parliament, the National Assembly, is a 100-seat unicameral system that, per the National Agreement, is divided into a 50/25/25 quota between Arabs, Berbers, and Pieds-Noir respectively. The Presidency is controlled by Albert Camus, elected in 1948, while the premiership is controlled by Rabah Bitat, elected in 1952 replacing the disgraced Mhamed Yazid. All three belong to the PCP.

### Popular Constitutionalist Party

Algerian politics has, across ethnic lines, been dominated by the **Popular Constitutionalist Party** (PCP), a big tent party focused on building a secular and multi-ethnic socialist democracy within the country. Founded during the earliest of the ZLA years in a merger between the PPA, the PSA, and the UPA, three pro-International independence groups, it has found electoral success in the first years of Algerian independence despite its internal divisions, which began to become problematic by the 1952 election. Its party composition is mostly consisted of pro-International French, and Arab moderates, with near-universal support among Jews.

Being a centre-left big tent party, it's split between liberals, social democrats, democratic socialists, pro-Camus moderate syndicalists, and anti-Camus radical syndicalists. Its majority, strong in 1948, was slightly damaged in 1952 as French inconciliables abandoned their neutral pretenses and joined the National Party and hardline Arab nationalists split, flocking to the Party for Unity and Action.

#### Notable MPs

##### French

* Albert Camus (Syndicalism) - Leader
* José Aboulker (Syndicalism)
* Jacques Derrida (Syndicalism)
* Louis Althusser (Syndicalism)
* William Widenlocher (Syndicalism)
* Edgard Pisani (Radical Socialism)
* Léon Delbecque (Social Liberalism)
* Jacques Chevallier (Social Democratic)
* Michel Jobert (Social Democratic)

##### Arab

* Chérif Sid Cara (Social Liberalism)
* Benyoucef Benkhedda (Radical Socialism)
* Rabah Bitat (Syndicalism)
* Mohamed Khider (Radical Socialism)
* Mohamed Lamine Debaghine (Syndicalism)
* Mohamed Barboucha (Radical Socialism)
* Mhamed Yazid (Totalism)
* Houari Boumédiène (Totalism)
* Ali Boumendjel (Totalism)
* Mostefa Ben Boulaïd (Syndicalism)
* Abdelhamid Mehri (Radical Socialism)
* Ahmed Francis (Syndicalism)

### Democratic Party

The Democratic Party is considered the de facto Berber interest party, due to their near-universal support among Berbers, particularly Kabyles, although most Tuaregs and some Chaouïa view the Democratic Party as alien. Because of its success in the quota system, working alongside the PCP establishment and passing widespread education reforms, Berber culture has flourished amid a cultural and political revival.

#### Notable MPs

* Mohand Arav Bessaoud (Syndicalism) - Leader
* Ramdane Abane (Syndicalism)
* Mouloud Feraoun (Syndicalism)
* Yahia Boushaki (Syndicalism)
* Hocine Aït Ahmed (Radical Socialism)
* Krim Belkacem (Radical Socialism)
* Belkacem Radjef (Radical Socialism)
* Ferhat Abbas (Social Democracy)
* Saïd Boualam (Social Liberalism)
* Amirouche Aït Hamouda (Social Liberalism)
* Saïd Mohammedi (Conservatism)

### Party for Unity and Action

Founded by the Group of 22, comprised of former militants of the Special Organization and former PPA radicals, the PUA is a group primarily concerned with the advancement of Arab interests as a counter-balance to the PN and PD.

#### Notable MPs

* Ahmed Ben Bella (Authoritarian Democracy) - Leader
* Mourad Didouche (Authoritarian Democracy)
* Mohamed Boudiaf (Authoritarian Democracy)
* Ahmed Mahsas (Authoritarian Democracy)
* Chadli Bendjedid (Authoritarian Democracy)
* Larbi Ben M'hidi (Authoritarian Democracy)
* Abdelhafid Boussouf (Authoritarian Democracy)
* Saad Dahlab (Conservatism)
* Messali Hadj (Conservatism)
* Mohamed Belouizdad (Conservatism)

### National Party

The National Party (PN) is an organization founded by and for the Pied-Noir French within Algeria, particularly the inconciliables, who, despite the fall of National France and major land reforms, have maintained influence and become even further radicalized. Though it purports itself as unanimous among Pieds-Noir, its standing has been harmed by political repression during the Algiers Liberated Zone period and the exodus of many French colons to Quebec. The party is hated by most of the political establishment, as it openly advocates for French supremacy while disavowing the International as traitors.

#### Notable members

* Ali Mallem (Paternal Autocracy)
* Maurice Challe (Paternal Autocracy)
* Hélie de Saint Marc (Paternal Autocracy)
* Jacques Soustelle (Integralism)
* Yves Guérin-Sérac (Integralism)
* Yves Godard (National Populism)
* Edmond Jouhaud (National Populism)
* Jean-Jacques Susini (National Populism)
* Pierre Lagaillarde (National Populism)

## Notes

1. ↑ Algerian People's Party
2. ↑ Syndicalist Party of Algeria
3. ↑ Popular Union of Algeria