recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
McClam & Sevier (2010) - Troubles with grades, grading, and change

McClam, Sherie, & Sevier, Brian. (2010). Troubles with Grades, Grading, and Change: Learning from Adventures in Alternative Assessment Practices in Teacher Education. Teaching and Teacher Education: An International Journal of Research and Studies, 26(7), 1460-1470.

## Applying Actor-Network Theory to Changing University Grading System

* secretive attempt to change grading practice (i.e. student-assed grades) caused negative reaction in other professors
	+ Felt like role as teachers threatened with their grading identity removed
	+ Felt that student-assed grades not reliable across classes
	+ Felt lack of grades threatened teacher and student identity (e.g. good or bad student/teacher)
	+ Nervous about trusting students' judgement on grading themselves (and students trusting their own judgment)
* Instead, change should...
	+ Be collaborative and involve dialogue to determine primary purpose of network (i.e. why is it important to change grading system? What is the primary purpose of education?)
		- Also relates to teacher-student network - what do students and teachers want to get from the network relationship (i.e. class/school)? If the two primary goals are different, then there will be conflict/frustration
	+ Be mindful of complex relations in teacher/school networks

## Further Questions

* How to disarm the "need" some students have for getting grades (especially good grades)?
Petrovic & Kuntz (2018) - Invasion, Alienation, and Imperialist Nostalgia

Petrovic, J., & Kuntz, A. (2018). Invasion, alienation, and imperialist nostalgia: Overcoming the necrophilous nature of neoliberal schools. *Educational Philosophy and Theory,* *50*(10), 957-969.

## How Schools Alienate Students

* "Competitive grading, we argue, serves as necrophilous instruction in neoliberalism, inferiority, and alienation. This is because grades become a fetish; they are constructed as having intrinsic value, becoming objects of consumption for students and teachers alike." (pp. 963-964)
* Kohn's (1999) three **effects of grading:** "[1] a reduction in students’ interest in learning, [2] a desire to avoid challenging tasks, and [3] an attenuation of creative thinking." (p. 964)
* Students ask questions about work requirements (# pages, # examples, # points), taking away from questions about real learning

## Unschooling as Solution

* Unschooling holds up a mirror to traditional schools to lay bare what's taken for granted - "we encourage deeper investigation of unschooling as a model that disrupts traditional schooling to the extent that it challenges traditional practices in a way unbeholden to the dominant ideological commitments of our time." (p. 966)
* Students choose their interests along principle of negative freedom - adults can't tell them what not to do; but once students are "apprenticed" or choose an interest, then their choice is restricted to help them learn what they've chosen
* "This, then, suggests a somewhat different model from unschooling in which each child constructs his or her own mental models and parents and other guides learn to respect children and their interests trusting children to learn without having their learning managed for them. This is the democratic free school model which, in many ways, becomes a form of unschooling in school." (p. 967)
* Unschool has freedom (non-coercion) but also promotion of democracy to develop autonomy
Rules Intro

Matching
in coliseum requires Challenge Coupons how many?

Opponents
are matched based on previous number of wins

In
coliseum, cards levels are set as follows;

a)
White:
Level 9

b)
Blue:
Level 7

c)
Purple:
Level 5

d)
Orange:
Level 1

Win
7 or lose 2 matches and your coliseum journey ends. Use more Challenge Coupons
to start again.
Park Rogers et al. (2010) - First Year Implementation of a PBL Approach

Park Rogers, M. A., Cross, D. I., Gresalfi, M. S., Trauth-Nare, A. E., & Buck, G. A. (2010). First year
implementation of a project-based learning approach: The need for addressing teachers’
orientations in the era of reform. International Journal of Science and Mathematics
Education, 9(4), 893–917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10763-010-9248-x
Roth & McGinn (1998) - unDELETE Science Education:/lives/work/voices

Roth, Wolff-Michael, & McGinn, Michelle K. (1998). >unDELETE Science Education:/Lives/Work/Voices. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 35(4), 399-421.

## Main Point

* Grades stabilize educational actor network (e.g. student-teacher-parents-administrators)
* Inscriptions (grades) are stabilized by institutions that create them (i.e. school boards, college admissions)
* "as all inscriptions that speak for and on behalf of people or objects, grades silence and DELETE the work of a range of people and objects." (p. 403)

## Role of Grades

* Grades are representations (inscriptions) that affect construction of the Self and Other in classrooms
* Universal medium of exchange that signal understanding of subjects (most for universities) - sorting mechanism
* "grades constitute a technology that DELETEs what people care about: their lives, work, and voices." (p. 401)
* Grades inherently political that represent dominant ideologies and agendas
	+ "Through the exams, knowledge is not simply tested, but produced; this new knowledge is clearly political." (p. 408)
* Affect students' approval of learning environment - students with high grades approve; students with lower grades want change but are fearful of repercussions
* as **Boundary objects** - have many different uses in different settings (e.g. high grades and low grades send different signals to college admissions)
	+ Requirements of Boundary Objects: 1) flexible/weak structure used in different social domains; 2) strong nature with constrained meaning w/ little room for interpretation
	+ Symbolic capital that can be used (e.g. to get into a better science program; getting reward from parents for good grades)
* Grading emerged from 18th century record-keeping in military academies (perfect for discipline and uniformity)

## Actor Network Framework

* Inscribing (e.g. giving grades) produces differences among actors (students) in the network
* Interests of University Admissions (need to predict who will be successful) -> standardized tests -> learning standards -> teachers helping students succeed
	+ Me: Now Interests of Businesses -> University curriculum. Will this change the role of grades in high school?
* Power of actors determined by their role as gatekeepers for other actors (e.g. teachers grade students)
* "focus on and fascination with shifting, unstable alliances, a concern for strategy and rhetoric, and a disinclination to accept any single originating and decisive center of power." (p. 416)

## Effect of Changing Grading System

* Gatekeepers and those with high grade symbolic capital resist change; those less successful would like change
* Teachers hesitant to change because fear harming students' chances at getting into good college
Net64 - Dedicated Server Hosting

**Please note that this Guide was copied from a Google Doc made by the Net64 developers.**

This guide shows how to install a dedicated server. If you just want to play with your friends you might be better of creating a private server since it’s a lot easier.

## Installation

* download and install Node 8
	+ you can try using a later version of Node, but you will need to install C++ compilers
* `git clone` this repository or download as zip
* modify `settings.json`

```
{
  "port": "3678", // make sure your port is forwarded
  "enableWebHook": false, // set this to true, if you want your server to be listed
  "gamemode": 1, // the initial gamemode
  "enableGamemodeVote": true, // whether gamemode voting should be enabled
  "passwordRequired": false, // whether password is required to join this server
  "name": "A Net64+ Server", // display name for public server list
  "domain": "", // domain of your server for public server list. keep it empty, if you don't have a domain
  "description": "The **best** Net64+ server ever\n\n:unicorn_face:", // description for public server list
  "apiKey": "" // this is required, if you want your server to be listed
}

```

* (OPTIONAL) if you want your server to be listed, go to SMMDB, login with Google, go to profile and get your API key
	+ *Do not share your API key, because it gives full access to your account*
	+ You can only list one server per API key
	+ `name` will be shortened to 40 characters at most
	+ `description` will be shortened to 200 characters at most
	+ `description` supports Markdown and emojis
* open a terminal in the folder of your server and execute the following commands

```
$ npm install
$ npm start

```

* (OPTIONAL) if you want to run your server indefinitely with auto restarts, I suggest to use pm2

```
$ npm i -g pm2
$ npm run build
$ pm2 start ./dist --name="net64 server"

```
Function Intro

### Function Screen

Player info:
Check your player information

Mail:
Receive system mail

Friends:
Add friends and send messages

Settings:
Edit basic game settings and match shortcuts

Phone
info: Battery, time & pings

Cards:
Check card information

Backpack:
Check obtained items

Video:

a)
Battle
replay: Check previous battle information and videos

b)
Highlights:
Check our highlight battle information and videos

Career:

a)
Progression:
Receive rewards and tasks once certain levels are reached

b)
Achievement:
Receive rewards for meeting certain conditions

Guild:
Can start or join a guild
Function Screen

### Function Screen

Player info:
Check your player information

Mail:
Receive system mail

Friends:
Add friends and send messages

Settings:
Edit basic game settings and match shortcuts

Phone
info: Battery, time & pings

Cards:
Check card information

Backpack:
Check obtained items

Video:

a)
Battle
replay: Check previous battle information and videos

b)
Highlights:
Check our highlight battle information and videos

Career:

a)
Progression:
Receive rewards and tasks once certain levels are reached

b)
Achievement:
Receive rewards for meeting certain conditions

Guild:
Can start or join a guild

Store:
Buy and use items
Guild Member Management

Guild leaders can tap on guild members'
avatars in the 'Chat' or 'Members' tabs to access their information, whereby
they can choose to kick players, or promote them to Guild Leader status.

Guild leaders can tap on their
own avatar in 'Chat or 'Members' tabs to access their information, whereby they
can choose to leave the guild.

Players who leave their guild
will be unable to join a new one for 24 hours following.
Net64 - Server Hosting

**Please note that this Guide was copied from a Google Doc made by the Net64 developers.**

You can host your own server by visiting the hosting page. Joining via LAN can be done by using the LAN IP address which looks like 192.X.X.X. Joining via internet is only possible, if you correctly port forwarded. Port forwarding must be done at your router’s web interface.

## Here is a short summary

* open a terminal (Win + “cmd” + enter)
* type “ipconfig”
* find the entry from your Ethernet or Wifi adapter showing your default gateway, which should look like 192.X.X.1/0
* open a browser and type in this address
* this is your router’s web interface. You will have to log in with your credentials
* the next steps heavily depend on the router you are using. You will have to find an entry about port forwarding and set it up for the respective port that you want to use

If you want your server to be publicly visibile, you will have to get an API key from SMMDB profile page. Never share your API key with anyone!
Kohn (1999)

Kohn, A. (1999, -03-03T00:24:48-04:00). From degrading to de-grading. *High School Magazine,*Retrieved from https://www.alfiekohn.org/article/degrading-de-grading/

## Negative Effects of Grading

1. Reduced interest in learning - students focus more on the reward (i.e. grades) and less in what they do to get the reward (i.e. learn)
2. Reduced "preference for challenging tasks" (par. 6) - students pick easiest assignment to get the best grade
3. Reduced "quality of students' thinking" (par. 7) - highest achievement when grades given, but no score
4. Grades not "valid, reliable, or objective" (par. 10) - grade level subjectively determined (i.e. what separates a B from a C) and grading inconsistent. Can lead to problems when given objective importance because doesn't match reality
5. Curriculum affected - focus more on facts because easier to grade
	1. But what about projects and skills? Still focus on grade
6. Grading wastes time for teachers
7. Encouraged cheating - focus on grades and likelihood of cheating positively correlated
8. Spoil student-teacher relationship - argue about grades

## Objections to ending grades

* Students expect grades
* Grades can motivate students to learn and make "positive" behavior choices
* Colleges/high schools demand grades

## Solutions

* Get rid of curves and class rankings
* de-emphasize grading
* Avoid assigning a grade to students until the end of the semester/quarter; get their input on creating criteria for excellence and discussing how well they think they met that level of excellence

## Related Research

Beck et al. (1991) - inverse relationship between focus on grades and learning (e.g. focus more on grades, focus less on learning)

Butler (1988) - highest achievement when grades given, but no score

Moeller & Reschke (1993) - graded and non-graded students perform equally when learning activities are interactive and hands-on
Task Function Intro

Function
Introduction

Players
can complete daily tasks, and as reward receive activity points, exp, cards,
coins, gems and challenge coupons

a)
Players
can receive a total of 3 new tasks every day

i.
If
the player has ≤2 tasks, then they can receive 3 new ones

ii.
If the player has 3 tasks, then they can receive 2
new ones

iii.
If the player has 4 tasks, then they can receive 1
new one

iv.
If the player has 5 tasks, they will be unable to
take on any more

v.
After completing a task, players can tap on the New
Task icon in the top right corner of the screen to add in new ones, if any are
available

b)
The
upper limit for accepted tasks is 5

c)
Players
can tap the switch icon in the top right corner of the task to switch it. Each player has 2 free switches per day

After players obtain a set
number of activity points, they can receive a tome

Daily
tasks are added at midnight

Each
week has an upper activity limit of 500 points. Activity points from one week
can be carried into the next
Meaningful Education Research Wiki

## Welcome to the Meaningful Education Research Wiki

A collection of research notes about how to improve social studies education in American schools.

## Describe your topic

Write a description about your topic. Let your readers know what your topic is about and add some general information about it.

## Latest activity

Photos and videos are a great way to add visuals to your wiki. Add one below!

File:Placeholder
Martin-Chang, Gould, & Meuse (2011) - The Impact of Schooling on Academic Achievement

Martin-Chang, S., Gould, O. N., & Meuse, R. E. (2011). The impact of schooling on academic achievement: Evidence from homeschooled and traditionally schooled students. *Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 43*(3), 195-202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0022697
Duel Function Intro

**1.** **1V1** Matching: Randomly matches with another player for a 1V1 match

**2.** **3V3** Matching

a)  Teammate list: Displays friends ready to play with you

b)  Friends list: Shows your friends, whether or not they are online, and buttons to invite them

c)  Fight: Tap this button to start a match

d)  Mic and speaker switches: Tap to turn mic and/or speaker on or off

e)  Chat box: Used to send text messages to each other

**3.**  Practice Battle

a)  Room list: View and enter rooms created by other players. Search for 1V1 or 3V3 rooms

b)  Room ID search: Enter a room ID to look for it

c)   Refresh button: Refresh the page to see newly added rooms, remove old rooms

a)   Quick join: Tap this button to be quickly added to a room for which you meet the conditions and isn't full

b)   Create a Room: Players can freely create rooms and set conditions accordingly (including match type, map, entry rank requirement, password and whether or not the match can be observed

i.  Mode: 1V1 or 3V3

ii. Map: Obelisk Forest, Western Mine, Barren Mountains, Death Desert and Sapling Forest for 1V1. Death Desert and Sapling Forest for 3V3.

iii.  Required rank: Set a rank requirement for entry to the room

iv.  Room Password: Enter a 1-6 character password

v. Enable Spectating: Choose to enable or disable spectating by non-participants
Kuntz & Petrovic (2018) - (Un)Fixing Education

Kuntz, A.M. & Petrovic, J.E. Stud Philos Educ (2018) 37: 65. https://doi-org.ezproxy.hamline.edu/10.1007/s11217-016-9563-y

## Problem of "Fixing" Schools

* Schools work to keep status-quo of the past - create "good" citizens (able to work in bureaucratic system)
	+ system has to work with large data averages to fix identities, which delegitimizes outliers (e.g. failing teachers, students falling behind)
	+ Goal of regularizing behavior and thinking
* 4 components of neoliberalism, reinforced in schools
	+ hyper-individualism
	+ hyper-surveillance (need to quantify everything of value)
	+ economic productivity
	+ competitive entrepreneurialism

## Critical Geography

* Premise: " social justice work requires a re-spatialization of our world, one that is not developed by the normative logic and values of our times." (p. 70)

## Critical Pedagogy

* " critical pedagogy can become an error of commission to the extent that students simultaneously understand but adapt to the construction of such social relations." (p. 72)
* Self-regulated learning - student responsibility for learning, setting goals, monitoring and evaluating learning
	+ But creates dependency on school system that enshrines neoliberal norms

## Unschooling in Schools

* Foundation of freedom
* But still function in world of traditional schools and neoliberal norms, so goal can't be achieved.
* Solve this problem with **radical community service learning** - "reﬂection toward solving material problems in context; radical service learning engages a space for education as enacted social justice." (p. 74)
	+ Not just one-time philanthropy, volunteerism, or charity projects that check off requirements
	+ purpose of "reinvigorate[ing] democratic habits of mind" (p. 75)
	+ Focus on the "why" of social issues (not just the who, what, and how many)
	+ " Reﬂection should invoke dialogue among students and stakeholders alike, lead students to see a problem or contradiction in their experience, make them imagine a solution, get them to apply their academic learning to possible solutions, lead them to test their plan in the problem situation, and get them to reevaluate the problem toward individual, communal, and structural transformation" (p. 76)
	+ "Radical CSL seeks to unﬁx education, destabilizing students through emotional disequilibrium toward action even as it usefully disrupts the stilting spatial binary of education within schools and not without." (p. 77)
Steven Weston

Steven Andrew Weston (November 1991-) is an English person, he is the son of Paul Weston and Caron Todd, he is the brother of Amanda, Kerry and Gary, he is the partner of Michelle Ashley, and the father of Maggie.

Biography

Weston was born in Bristol, to Paul Weston and Caron Todd, he is the younger brother of Amanda and Kerry and the older brother of Gary.

He began a relationship with Michelle Ashley, together they have one child.
Main Screen

## **Function Screen**

Player info:
Check your player information

Friends:
Add friends and send messages

Mail:
Receive system mail

Settings:
Edit basic game settings and match shortcuts

Phone
info: Battery, time & pings

Cards:
Check card information

Backpack:
Check obtained items

Video:

a)
Battle
replay: Check previous battle information and videos

b)
Highlights:
Check our highlight battle information and videos

Career:

a)
Progression:
Receive rewards and tasks once certain levels are reached

b)
Achievement:
Receive rewards for meeting certain conditions

Guild:
Can start or join a guild

Store:
Buy and use items

## **Gameplay Interface**

A.
Duel:
Real-time battles, Casual 1V1, Casual 3V3 or Practise modes

B.
Battle:
Randomly matched real-time 3V3 battles. 'Individual' or 'with friends' matching

C.
Coliseum:
Randomly matched real-time 1V1 battles, whereby all units are set to the same
level.

D.
Adventure:
Receive rewards for PVE quests

E.
Events:
Check and participate in events,
receiving rewards for their completion

F.
First
Win: Receive a once per day reward for winning a match (resets at midnight)

G.
Daily
Tasks: Receive rewards for completing tasks

H.
Tome
Spaces: Players receive a tome after obtaining a set number of points, being
able to hold up to three tomes at a time, which can be opened over a set period
of time or immediately for gems. They contain silver coins and cards
Guild Chat Screen

Chat
screen explanation

a)
Chat
message sender info includes:

i.
Player
avatar: Shows player's current avatar

ii.
Player
username: Show's player's current username

iii.
Player
rank: Shows player's current rank

iv.
Player
Status: Member or leader

v.
Message length: 1-30 Chinese
characters or 1-60 Alphabet

b)
Chat text field: Enter text to
send

c)
Send:
Tap to send message contained within the chat text field

d)
Chat
history retention time:

i.
Every
guild has a maximum chat history or 100 messages

ii.
The server will hold up to 100
messages to be loaded when
Function Introduction

### **Function Screen**

Players can
access all functions and gameplay modes from the main screen1.
Player info:
Check your player information

Friends:
Add friends and send messages

Mail:
Receive system mail

Settings:
Edit basic game settings and match shortcuts

Phone
info: Battery, time & pings

Cards:
Check card information

Backpack:
Check obtained items

Video:

a)
Battle
replay: Check previous battle information and videos

b)
Highlights:
Check our highlight battle information and videos

Career:

a)
Progression:
Receive rewards and tasks once certain levels are reached

b)
Achievement:
Receive rewards for meeting certain conditions

Guild:
Can start or join a guild

Store:
Buy and use items
Guild Settings

Name:
Guild name. Guild leader can change for 388 gems

Emblem:
Guild emblem. Guild leader can change for 288 gems

Nationality: Guild country.
Guild leader can change for 188 gems.

Types:

a)
Anyone
can join: Anyone who applies will join immediately

b)
Must
apply: Players must apply, and guild leader must approve before joining guild

c)
Not
allowed: No players can currently join

Requirements:
Can restrict applications to players that have reached
a certain rank

Motto: 5-30 Chinese characters or
10-60 Alphanumeric

Exit: Tap to leave the guild.
Be the last to leave the guild, and the guild will be deleted
Operation

1. Building Unit Buildings: Tap and drag the building to the location at your base you would like it to be built. Release your finger and the building will begin to build (assuming you have enough resources). Building buildings requires a set amount of time to complete.

2. Training Units: Tap on 'Train' and a unit of that building type will begin training there

3. Placing units/commanders: Tap and drag unit/commander to a controlled position and release. Unit will follow set route towards enemy base

4. Using skills: Drag and drop the skill from the side of the screen to the place you would like to activate it

5. In-match info pre-sets: Tap the ellipsis speech bubble in the top right corner of the screen and select the text or emote you would like to send
Ranks

Receive a star for every win.
Fill all the stars to reach the next rank

Lose
a star for every loss. Have no stars remaining and you will fall a rank

Players
ranked under Grandmaster 5 will receive two stars for every win in a row from
the second win onwards

Bronze
ranked players cannot lose stars

Penalization:
If players force quit the game, or do not ready themselves in time beyond a set
number of times, the system will automatically have them prevented from
matching and penalize accordingly.
Guild Function Intro

**1.**
Guild not yet joined/Guild
creation screen

\*\*\*Guild
not yet joined screencap\*\*\*

a)
Joining
a guild: Upon entering the guild screen, players will see 4 guilds displayed,
from which they can choose one to join

b)
Create a guild: By spending \*\*\* gems, players can create their own guild,
and choose their guild's name, emblem, and country flag

c)
Guild
search: Players can use a guild ID to search for the guild they would like to
join

**2.**
Guild
already joined/created screen

a)
Basic guild info screen:

i.
Basic guild info: includes
emblem, name, ID, country, member numbers, level, experience

ii.
Settings: Can change basic
guild info

iii.
Applications:
Accept/Reject guild joining applications (only visible to guild leader)

iv.
Check
in: Check in to receive guild store coins (once daily)

b)
Currencies:
Displays currently available guild coins and gems

c)
Chat:
Guild members can chat with each other on this screen

d)
Guild
Donation: Guild members can donate and request the donation of cards on this
screen

e)
Store:
Players can use their guild coins to buy items

f)
Members:
See other guild members info

i.
Member
management: Leaders can kick people from the guild, or transfer ownership of
the guild to someone else

**3.**
How
to level your guild up:

a)
Every
time a guild member wins or draws in a match, the guild gains experience points

i.
Win:
+10 guild experience per member per match

ii.
Draw:
+3 guild experience per member per match

iii.
Lose:
+0 guild experience per member per match

b)
Once
the experience required to level up is obtained, the guild will level itself up
automatically
Career Function Progression

Players can
receive rewards after reaching certain milestone conditions

Progression

Level
rewards

a)
When
players reach each level they can receive rewards (until level 30)

b)
Rewards
can only be received in order, only by completing one level will the next
level's be displayed

c)
Level
rewards can only be claimed once

Level
tasks

a)
As
players reach each level, they will receive a task associated with it

b)
Tasks
will be displayed in order, only by completing a task will the next be
displayed

c)
Level
task rewards can only be claimed once
Guild Applications

Application
Screen Explanation

a)
Player
avatar: Shows player's current avatar

b)
Player
username: Show's player's current username

c)
Player
level: Shows player's current level

d)
Player
rank and rank emblem: Show player's current rank and rank emblem

e)
Reject:
Tap to reject player's application

f)
Accept:
Tap to accept player's application

(Application handling
functions available only to guild leader)
Friend Function Intro

Friends list: Shows friends
that the player has added

Chat
screen: Shows messages between player and selected friend

Edit:
Allows you to delete friends from friends list

Add
friends: Search for a friend using their ID, or view friend requests to and
from yourself. The upper friend limit is 100

Friend
status: Shows if your friend is Available, in a 1V1 or 3V3 match, or offline

Red
dot notifications will appear when a friend sends you a message

Players
can invite their friends to 1V1 or 3V3 matches from this screen
Gameplay Interface

A.
Duel:
Real-time battles, Casual 1V1, Casual 3V3 or Practise modes

B.
Battle:
Randomly matched real-time 3V3 battles. 'Individual' or 'with friends' matching

C.
Coliseum:
Randomly matched real-time 1V1 battles, whereby all units are set to the same
level.

D.
Adventure:
Receive rewards for PVE quests

E.
Events:
Check and participate in events,
receiving rewards for their completion

F.
First
Win: Receive a once per day reward for winning a match (resets at midnight)

G.
Daily
Tasks: Receive rewards for completing tasks

H.
Tome
Spaces: Players receive a tome after obtaining a set number of points, being
able to hold up to three tomes at a time, which can be opened over a set period
of time or immediately for gems. They contain silver coins and cards
Guild Donation Screen

Guild Donation Screen Explanation

a)
Player
avatar: Shows player's current avatar

b)
Player
username: Show's player's current username

c)
Player
rank: Shows player's current rank

d)
Request send time: Time since
request was made

e)
Currently requested card:

i.
Card image

ii.
Card grade:
White/Blue/Purple/Orange

iii.
Donations
received: Amount received/Total amount receivable

Donation
logs

a)
Donation
logs button: Tap to open the donation logs window

a)
Donator:
Shows donator username

b)
Donated
card name: Shows name of donated card

c)
Donation
amount: Shows amount of cards donated

d)
Donation
time: Shows time donation was made (MM.DD HH:MM)

e)
Close button: Tap the close button to close the window

f)
Log
record timeframe: All donations made within the previous 24 hours

Request
a donation function

a)
Request
a donation button: Tap to go to the donation request screen

a)
Card
selection: Players can only request cards they've already unlocked themselves
War Clash Wiki

## Welcome

The world of War Clash is filled with untold dangers, and there’s no telling who you’ll face in the battles to come - from noble forest guardians to tenacious royal knights, to brutal barbarian tribes, to the dark powers of death and destruction. This war will determine the future of the world-so gather your forces, choose your heroes and prove your skill!

## Official Channels

To get more information about War Clash, you can follow our official channels listed below:

-Facebook: https:// www.facebook.com/groups/WarClashMG/

-Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/WarClashMG/

-Forum: https://forum.meogames.com

-Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/warclashgame/

-Twitch: https: //www.twitch.tv/warclash\_meogames

-Twitter: https://twitter.com/WarClashGame

-Website: https://warclash.meogames.com/

-YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCK3vO1xgmRNxaQhvxSxd1tQ

## Sylvan

ARTYLLAKORTHALAVADORNFAUNUSARCANISTARCHERBLADE CANNONDRAKEFAWNGOLEMHUNTERSAPLINGSHADOWBLADEWAR BEARTEMPLARSTORMWINGWINDLORDSHARPSHOOTERSYLVAN TOWER
## Beastborn

RAKZUMGRIMTHARATHABUKABRIX AND BRAXCATAPULTCAVALIERCHOPPERCLUBBERCYCLOPSDRAGOONMINOTAURMYSTICPYROMANCERSHAMANTOADLINGWOLFCLAWOBLITERATORDEVOURERSCALAWAGBEASTBORN TOWER
## Undead

RAXOSNECROVIAKHARIONZYMOKBEHEMOTHBONE BOWCENTURIONCURSEWEAVERDEMON GUARDNECROPHAGEPOLTERGEISTREANIMATORSKULL WAGONSUCCUBUSTORCHBEARERTORMENTORSKELETROOPERUNDEAD TOWERICEBONE DRAGONWARLOCK
Dalmatia

Dalmatia
File:Dalmatia.png

**Primary culture**Dalmatian (Latin)

**Capital**Zadar (1083)

**Government**Hereditary Nobility

**State religion**Catholic

**Technology group**WesternWestern technology groupNational ideas

File:Dalmatia.png **Dalmatia** is a formable nation. It does not exist at any point on the timeline.

## Formation

 id### **Form Dalmatian Nation**

*In ancient times the region now known as the Western Balkans was called Illyria, and was a powerful rival to Rome itself. Having captured important coastal cities along the Adriatic Sea, it is time the Dalmatian melting pot of Romance and Slavic cultures declared its own state.*

File:Dalmatia.png **Dalmatia** does *not* exist .
The country:
* playing with normal or historical nations.
* does *not* have the country flag unformable.
* has Dalmatian as primary culture.
* is *not* File:Lombardy-Venetia.png Lombardy-Venetia, File:Lombardy.png Lombardy, or  Sicily.

If the country is AI-controlled, then it:
* can *not* be a custom nation.
The country:
* is *not* at war.
* is *not* a nomad nation.
* is *not* a subject nation other than an appanage.
* has an administrative technology of at least 14.
* owns its core provinces:
	+ Dubrovnik (137)
	+ Zadar (1083)
	+ Split (507)
	+ Poljicka (1804)

 **Effects**
The country:
* becomes File:Dalmatia.png **Dalmatia**.
* gets permanent claims on all provinces of Illyria that it does *not* already own.
* gains File:Prestige.png**10** prestige.
* gets the country modifier *“Increased Centralization”* for 10 years with the following effects:
	+ File:Autonomy.png **−0.05** monthly autonomy change
	+ File:National unrest.png **+1** national unrest

If File:Dalmatia.png **Dalmatia**:
* is a member of the Holy Roman Empire but *not* the emperor *or* an elector:
	+ then all its provinces are removed from the HRE.
Richard Bulman

Richard Bulman was an Irish person and the son of John Bulman and Nora Kiely, he was the brother of Catherine, Anthony, Noreen and Mary.

Biography

Bulman was born in Cork, the child of John Bulman and Nora Kiely, he was the brother of Catherine, Anthony, Noreen and Mary. He was the younger paternal half-brother of Catherine Carroll.

He died in Cork, in 2014.
Until He Returned (Book 2 of Until Trilogy)

```
Nang malaman ni Klare na hindi siya tunay na anak ng kanyang kinilalang ama, nag bago ang ikot ng kanyang mundo. She's torn between her love for her family and her desire to seek for the fragments of her real identity. Sa kalagitnaan ng lahat ng ito, pilit din siyang binabalikan ng mga alaala ng nakaraan. Her past is haunting her. But she knew it is impossible to turn back the time. Pinanindigan niya ang mga nagawang desisyon noon at tanggap niyang may mga tao na dumadadaan lang ngunit hindi nagtatagal. Ngunit paano naman ang mga umaalis at magbabalik?

Sa pagbabalik ba ng kanyang minamahal matitibag ang kanyang mga paniniwala at desisyon? How will she handle him now that he's back? Will she fight now? Now that he's returned?

```
Scorching Love

```
Nieves Solanna Galvez or Snow is the young, stern, and efficient heiress of the biggest hotel in Costa Leona. Natural na responsable at magaling magdesisyon dahil natutong maging independent sa murang edad. Ano nga ba ang pwedeng kahinaan ang isang tulad niyang lumaki sa karangyaan, with a clear plan in the future?

Deep-rooted hate, life changing decisions, thirst for revenge, how can a spark of love win? Pinanatiling baga para lang mabalikang nag-aalab parin ngunit sa pagbabalik... Paano kung ang inaasahan mong apoy ay natupok ng mga nangyari sa nakaraan? Can Snow really light a love that lost its spark? And will that love be enough to burn for a lifetime?

```
Duck

**Montague**, also known as **Duck**, works on the North Western Railway. He has the lettering 'GWR' on his side, which he has had since he was built by the Great Western Railway. **Duck** is numbered 8, and works on his own branch line, nicknamed 'The Little Western' with Oliver, Donald and Douglas. He pulls both passengers and freight, and is friends with all the engines on the North Western Railway, except Diesel.
Duda (2014) - The Road to a PB Classroom

Duda, G. (2014). The Road to a Project-Based Classroom. *Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning,* *46*(6), 42-45. Available from https://clic-hamline.userservices.exlibrisgroup.com/view/action/uresolver.do?operation=resolveService&package\_service\_id=2353965460003688&institutionId=3688&customerId=3685
Yama

**Yama** is a gargoyle, a member of Clan Ishimura, and a member of the Redemption Squad.

## Biography

### Early Life

Yama lived a peaceful life among the gargoyles and humansof Ishimura, Japan. In 1996, he betrayed the clan by aligning himself with a human named Taro, a former student of Kai's, who claimed to be creating an theme park about gargoyles to spread Bushido to the children of the world. To that end, Yama planned in secret with Taro to move the clan from Ishimura to the theme park. After this plan began to unfold, Clan Ishimura met the Avalon travelers.

Goliath, Angela, Bronx, Yama, and the remaining gargoyles of Clan Ishimura were taken to the theme park based on gargoyles during the day. Taro told Kai the same story he'd told Yama, but Kai eventually decided not to keep the clan there, despite Yama's protests. Taro responded by hitting Kai with a tranquilizer dart. Yama quickly discovered that he had been deceived, and that Taro planned to introduce the Ishimura clan to the world with a group of reporters. Yama followed the rules of Bushido, and engaged Taro in one-on-one combat. Despite his armor and electrically-charged weapon, Taro lost. Soon, Kai awoke, and the clan went back to Ishimura, where they still live to the present. For disgracing the clan, however, Yama was banished until his last honor could be restored. He was told that he himself would be the judge of when this condition had been fulfilled; a harsh choice by the clan as Yama's judgement of himself was, to quote his mate Sora: "rigid and unforgiving..." She offered to join him, but he refused as to take her with him, would be to ask her to share in his shame, which he would not do.

### Redemption Squad

Some months later Yama was recruited into the Redemption Squad by Hunter, Dingo and Matrix, while wandering in Tokyo. Initially he balked at the idea of willingly serving a confessed former Gargoyle hunter, but he was convinced by the carrot of potential redemption and the stick of having the Ishimura clan revealed to the world at large. While angered at the threat he finally agreed becoming the 4th member of the Squad.

   His first mission was to investigate and then thwart the scheming of Dr. Anton Sevarius. He and the rest of the team were forced to leave Sevarius and his captives (all of whom have forcibly mutated) locked up in order to the prevent the release of Mutate Carrier Virus CV-1997, which Fang was due to release over the New Year's Eve Time Square crowd, mutating nearly everyone present. During the battle Yama demonstrated a disregard for his own safety as he attacked Fang head on, continuing to grapple with him, even as he was being electrocuted. Ultimately he successfully overcame and captured Fang, while Matrix contained the virus.

He was shown to be clearly angered when Fang is revealed to have been offered a place as the 5th Member of the Squad.
Game Elements

Base:
Base level determines how many commanders and what level of units can be used.
Destroy the enemy's base to win.

Units
& Unit Buildings: Building Unit Buildings and training units requires
resources

Commanders
& Commander Buildings: Building Commander Buildings and instant revival of
Commanders requires resources

Towers:
Attacks enemy units that come within range

Mobs:
Players can kill mobs to receive some resources and magic, with larger mobs
having units that will fight with you when defeated

Mines:
After defeating the mine defenders, players can spend resources to build their
own mines

Strongholds:
After taking control of an enemy's stronghold, receive a set amount of
resources and the ability to place units near the stronghold for as long as the
player holds it

Return:
Return units within a certain area back to base

Scout:
Gives line of sight (LOS) to a set area when used

Magic:
Killing mobs will grant a magic spell, of which there are a variety, each with
its own unique effect

Flare:
Draws nearby units to attack units or buildings nearest where the flare is
fired

Redeploy:
Causes units to move in the direction of the redeploy command. Used to cause
units to switch paths
Denmark

Denmark is a large country in Northern Europe which is not part of the Holy Roman Empire. In the 1444 start date, it has a personal union over  Sweden On January 1st, 1474,  Holstein becomes a junior partner of Denmark until they are annexed on June 18th, 1739.

For further reference, refer to:  Sweden,  Holstein

Denmark

**Primary culture**Danish

**Capital**5243 (Roskilde)

**Government**Germanic Monarchy

**State religion**Catholic (1054)
Protestant (1536)

**Technology group**WesternWestern technology groupNational ideas
Strikes on Beach City

The **Strikes on Beach City Arc** involves three attacks on Beach City from numerous beings. The first attack involving the visit from the Gems from Homeworld. The second then coming from the malificnt fusion of Malachite Plasmius alongside numerous Grimm. The third attack then coming from Vilgax in an effort for the Omnitrix. Each attack having their own impact on the story and future events.

## Story Impact

* Both Peridot and Connie end up trapped on earth.
* Rex Salzadar makes his appearance to Ben Tennyson

* Seph makes his first appearance and confirmed to have been a member of the Crystal Gems

## Trivia

The attacks take place in different times.
Store

**Function**

Players
can buy cards, coins, gems and tomes from the store

**Daily Sales**

1. Daily Items: The number and
type of unlocked and available items will depend on the player's level

2. Sale
slots: The number of slots for the number of items on sale. All players start
with 3 slots, and unlock one more at levels 10, 15 and 20. The first slot is
always free

3. Refreshes
every 8 hours

### **Silver Coins**

**Gems can be used to purchase**

Silver coins

a) 50 Gems = 500 Silver Coins

b) 475 Gems = 5000 Silver Coins

c) 4500 Gems = 50000 Silver Coins

**Purchase Gems**

Use real world money to buy in-game Gems. View
in game store to see the cost in your local currency.

1. Packs come in a range of sizes

a) 60 Gems

b) 300 Gems

c) 600 Gems

d) 1280 Gems

e) 2980 Gems

f)  6480 Gems

**Unit Tomes**

1. Players
can buy Tomes using Gems and receive a number of cards and some Silver Coins

2. Purchasable
Tomes

a) Rare
Unit Tome (198 Gems): 25 white cards, 5 blue cards, 1 purple card and 198
Silver Coins

b) Deluxe
Unit Tome (888 Gems): 100 white cards, 25 blue cards, 5 purple card and 888
Silver Coins

c) Legendary
Unit Tome (1998 Gems): 240 white cards, 50 blue cards, 12 purple card and 1988
Silver Coins

**Pack Store**

Special
packs available for a limited time only. Check in game for the current special
offer.

Challenge
Store

Use \*reward
currency\* from the Coliseum to purchase a range of items, such as Cards, Tomes
and Silver Coins.
Highlights

The game
automatically selects the most exciting matches and displays them here for all
players to enjoy

Selection
Criteria

a)
Time:
Must be equal or more than 5 minutes

b)
Rank:
All player's ranks must be equal to or greater than Gold

c)
Collective
damage per second: Must exceed a set value

i.
1V1:
≥
340

ii.
3V3: ≥ 280

iii.
Value calculation
method = (total damage received both sides + total damage dealt both sides ÷
number of players ÷ number of seconds to the match x rank value)

iv.
Gold rank value =
1.00

v.
Master rank value = 1.05

vi.
Grandmaster rank
value = 1.05

vii.
Legend rank value
= 1.10

Weekly highlights
ranking selection criteria

a)
The higher the
collective damage per second, the greater the chance of ranking higher

b)
If the collective damage per second exceeds that of one of the leading
top 10, it will replace the one with the lowest value

(1V1 and 3V3
highlights are displayed separately)
Arles

Arles

**Primary culture**Provençal (French)

**Capital**Arles (989)

**Government**Hereditary Nobility

**State religion**Catholic

**Technology group**WesternWestern technology groupNational ideas

 **Arles** is a formable nation. It does not exist at any point on the timeline.

## Formation

 id### **Form Arelat Nation**

*With the downfall of the Savoy dynasty, we could become a dominant power in the Arpitan valleys, and we can proclaim ourselves overlords of all the Arpitan nations like the old Kingdom of Arles.*

 **Arles** does *not* exist .
The country:
* playing with normal or historical nations.
* does *not* have the country flag unformable.
* has Arpitan, Vivaro-Alpine, or Provençal as its primary culture
* is *not* File:Savoy.png Savoy.

If the country is AI-controlled, then it:
* can *not* be a custom nation.
The country:
* is *not* at war.
* is *not* a nomad nation.
* is *not* a subject nation other than an tributary.
* has an administrative technology of at least 14.
* owns its core provinces:
	+ Grenoble (2050).
	+ Lyonnais(541).
	+ Embrun (800).
	+ Valence (2058).
	+ Arles (989).

 **Effects**
The country:
* becomes  **Arles**.
* gets permanent claims on all provinces of Provence and Cisjurania that it does *not* already own.
* gains File:Prestige.png**10** prestige.
* gets the country modifier *“Increased Centralization”* for 10 years with the following effects:
	+ File:Autonomy.png **−0.05** monthly autonomy change
	+ File:National unrest.png **+1** national unrest

If  **Arles**:
* is *not* a member of the Holy Roman Empire:
	+ then all its provinces are removed from the HRE.
* does *not* have custom ideas
	+ then it gets the File:Msg event.png event ‘New Traditions & Ambitions’.
* is *not* a (unrecognized string “principality” for Template:Icon) principality:
	+ then it becomes a principality.
Battle Function Intro

Single
matching (Fight Now!): Allow the system to automatically match you with
teammates and enemies in a 3V3 battle.

Friends
Battle: Invite friends to battle with you, and match you with other players
together for a 3V3 battle.

Ranking
levels: 6 Ranks total

a)
Legend:
Once reached, wins and losses will only affect overall points. Falling to zero
will not cause a fall in rank to Grandmaster. (Start with 100 points when
Legend rank is reached).

b)
Grandmaster:
Split into 5 levels. Collect 5 stars to reach the next level.

c)
Master:
Split into 5 levels. Collect 5 stars to reach the next level.

d)
Gold:
Split into 5 levels. Collect 4 stars to reach the next level. (First level
requires 5)

e)
Silver:
Split into 4 levels. Collect 3 stars to reach the next level. (First level
requires 4)

f)
Bronze:
Split into 3 levels. Collect 3 stars to reach the next level.

Rank
Calculations:

a)
Daily
Rewards: Every player will receive rewards at 23:00 every day based on their
ranking for that day.

b)
Season Rewards: Players will
receive rewards based on their rank at the end of every season.

Season
length: 30 days
Letonia

Letonia

**Primary culture**Latvian (Baltic)

**Capital**Sattesele (5840)

**Government**Hereditary Nobility

**State religion**Catholic

**Technology group**EasternEastern technology groupNational ideas

 **Letonia** is a formable nation. It does not exist at any point on the timeline.

## Formation

 id### **Form Latvian Nation**

*The lower regions of Livonia encompass several different ethnic groups, including Latgalians, Semigalians, and Curonians. Over time, however, we can bring all the southern Livs together under a single ethnic identity - a Latvian identity.*

 **Letonia** does *not* exist .
The country:
* playing with normal or historical nations.
* does *not* have the country flag unformable.
* has Latvian, Semigallian, Selonian, or Curonian as its primary culture.
* is *not*  Lithuania, File:Livonian Order.png Livonian Order, or File:Teutonic Order.png Teutonic Order.
* does *not* have the Tsardom reform.

If the country is AI-controlled, then it:
* can *not* be a custom nation.
The country:
* is *not* at war.
* is *not* a nomad nation.
* is *not* a subject nation other than an tributary.
* has an administrative technology of at least 14.
* owns its core provinces:
	+ Riga (5793).
	+ Daugavpils (5811).
	+ Kuldiga (5809).

 **Effects**
The country:
* becomes  **Letonia**.
* gets permanent claims on all provinces of Latvia and Curonia that it does *not* already own.
* gains File:Prestige.png**10** prestige.
* gets the country modifier *“Increased Centralization”* for 10 years with the following effects:
	+ File:Autonomy.png **−0.05** monthly autonomy change
	+ File:National unrest.png **+1** national unrest

If  **Letonia**:
* primary culture is *not* Latvian:
	+ then all owned provinces of its primary culture become Latvian culture.
	+ changes its primary culture to Latvian.
* is a member of the Holy Roman Empire but *not* the emperor *or* an elector:
	+ then all its provinces are removed from the HRE.
* does *not* have custom ideas
	+ then it gets the File:Msg event.png event ‘New Traditions & Ambitions’.
* has a tribal government:
	+ then it becomes a monarchy and enacts the tier 1 government reform Hereditary Nobility.
* is *not* a (unrecognized string “principality” for Template:Icon) principality:
	+ then it becomes a principality.