recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
The Litai

The Litai (Λιται) were the personified spirits (*daimones*) of prayer, ministers of the god Zeus. They were described as hobbling, old women. Their opposite number was Ate, the spirit of delusion and folly, in whose wake they followed.

Homer describes them as *kourai* "maidens" of Zeus rather than *thugateres* "daughters", so it is not clear if they were his literal daughters.
Thermôdôn

Thermôdôn was a river-god of Pontos (Pontus) and Assyria in Anatolia (modern-day Turkey).

The Thermôdôn river emptied into the Black Sea near the town of Thermiskyra, legendary capital of the Amazones. The major neighboring rivers personified by the Greeks were the Halys of Paphlagonia to the west and the Phasis of Kholkis to the east.
Rhodios

Rhodios was a river-god of the Troad in Mysia, Anatolia (modern Turkey).

The River Rhodios had its headwaters in the foothills of Mount Ida near the town of Astyra and flowed through the region of Dardania to empty into the Hellespont near Abydos. Important neighboring rivers were the Grênikos to the east and Skamandros to the west.
Terpsikrate

Terpsikrate was one of the daughters of Thespius, King of Thespiae, Boeotia. She was one of the forty-nine of his fifty daughters to sleep with Herakles while he was in Thespiae. She would bare him Euryopes.

## Family

### Parents

King Thespius and Queen Megamede or potentially one of Thespius' lovers

## Classical Text

"by Terpsikrate he [Herakles] had Euryopes"

- Apollod. Biblioteca 2.7.8
Tartaros

Tartaros (Ταρταρος) was the primordial god (protogenos) of the stormy pit of Tartaros that lies beneath the foundations of the earth. He was the body of the pit itself rather than an athropomorphic deity.

Tartaros was envisaged as the opposite of the sky, an inverted-dome lying beneath the flat earth. Together the Ouranion-dome and Tartarean-pit enclosed the entire cosmos in an egg-shaped or spherical shell.
Pothos

Pothos (Ποθος) was the god of sexual longing, yearning and desire. He was one of the winged love-gods known as Erotes. Late classical writers describe him as a son of Zephyros (the west wind) and Iris (the rainbow) representing the variegated passions of love.

The three Erotes--Pothos, Himeros and Erôs--were often depicted together in Greek vase painting. In the image right, Pothos sprinkles the essence of desire upon the bull-riding maiden Europa from a cup.
Rhodia

Rhodia was the daughter of King Danaus and either Atlanteiê or Phoibê (both Hamadryad nymphs of Libya in north Africa as well as wives of King Danaus). Rhodia would be one of the Daniads who murdered her husband (Khalkodon) following the mass marriage of the daughters of Danaus to the sons of King Aigyptos.

## Classical Text

"[The daughters of Danaus married the sons of Aigyptos:] Hippodameia went to Istros, Rhodia to Khalkodon, Kleopatra to Agenor, Asteria to Khaetos, Phylodameia to Diokorystos, Glauke to Alkes, Hippomedusa to Alkmenor, Gorge to Hippothous, Iphimedusa to Eukhenor, and Rhode to Hippolytos. These ten sons had an Arabian mother, while the girls were the daughters variously of Atlanteia and Phoibe, two Hamadryas Nymphai."

- Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 2. 17 (trans. Aldrich) (Greek mythographer C2nd A.D.)

Gallery
Plexippus

Plexippus is the uncle of While Meleager. He was one of the Kaldonian Boar Hunters. Plexippus was one of the hunters who was against Atlanta joining the Kalydonian Boar Hunt because she was a woman. When Meleager gave the head to boar to Atlanta (she having drawn first blood), Plexippus and his brother Toxeus further protested. Toxeus, Plexippus got in a fight with Meleager and killed them.
Thanatos

Thanatos is the son of Nyx and the god of peaceful death he lived with his twin brother Hypnos in a cave located Erebos (the land of eternal darkness beyond the gates of the rising sun).

The touch of Thanatos brought a non-violent death like that of his brother. His touch was gentle, likened to that of his twin brother Hypnos. Thanatos often worked with Hypnos by bringing death to others while they were sleeping which Hypnos brought on.

## Physical Appearance

In a Greek vase paintings, Thanatos was often depicted as a winged, bearded older man, or more rarely as a beardless youth. He often appears in a scene from *The Iliad*, opposite his brother Hypnos carrying off the body of Sarpedon. The portrayals of Thanatos as a youth show him either holding a sword and an inverted torch or a wreath of poppies along with a butterfly (which symbolized the soul of the dead).

## Mythology

Thanatos plays a prominent role in two myths. Once when he was sent to fetch Alkestis to the underworld, he was driven off by Herakles in a fight.

The second myth of importance was the time where he was captured by the criminal Sisyphus who trapped him in a sack so as to avoid death.
Sinon

Sinon was the Akhaean left behind to present the Trojan Horse. After the Trojans had seen the Akhaean ships sail away they noticed a small fire outside of Troy. The Trojans causiously emerged only to find Sinon and the Trojan Horse. He informed them that he was a soldier left behind to present the horse as a gift in hoping that the gift would allow the Greeks to have safe sailing. Despite warnings from two seers against bring the horse in and keep it as a trophy (rather than sacrifice it to Athênê or merely throw rocks at it as some Trojans had suggested). Sinon was taken into Troy to become a slave. Later that night, it was Sinon who went to a tower in the palace and lit a flame signaling the ships which had departed to double back because that the Akhaean chiefs had emerged from the horse and the gates of Troy would be opened.
Trokhilos (Agrarian Demi-God)

Trokhilos (Τροχιλος) was the demi-god or hero of the mill-wheel and a deity of the Eleusinian Mysteries. He was the father of the agrarian hero Triptolemos "the Husk-Pounder."

Trokhilos' name means "Of the Wheel" from the Greek words *trokhos* "wheel" and *trochazô* "to turn". He is perhaps the same as Dolikhos (Dolichus), an Eleusinian lord mentioned in the *Homeric Hymn to Demeter*.

## Family

### Children

Triptolemos
Eubouleos
Plêionê

Plêionê was an Okeanid-nymph of Mount Kyllene in Arkadia, southern Greece. She was the wife or lover of the Titan Atlas and bore him a bevy of beautiful daughters.

Plêionê may have been numbered amongst the Epimelides (Sheep-Nymphs) and presided over the multiplication of the flocks--for her name means "to increase in number" and her grandson Hermes was the god of animal husbandry.

## Family

### Children

Pleiades (Taygeta, Êlektrê, Alkyone, Steropê, Kelaino, Maia, Merope)
Polemusa

Polemusa. One of the Amazons who came with Penthesileia to the Trojan War. She was killed by Akhilles at Troy

## Classical Text

And with her followed twelve beside, each one a princess, hot for war and battle grim, far-famous each, yet handmaids unto her: Penthesileia far outshone them all. As when in the broad sky amidst the stars the moon rides over all pre-eminent, when through the thunderclouds the cleaving heavens open, when sleep the fury-breathing winds; so peerless was she mid that charging host. Clonie was there, Polemusa, Derinoe, Evandre, and Antandre, and Bremusa, Hippothoe, dark-eyed Harmothoe, Alcibie, Derimacheia, Antibrote, and Thermodosa glorying with the spear. All these to battle fared with warrior-souled Penthesileia: even as when descends Dawn from Olympus' crest of adamant, Dawn, heart-exultant in her radiant steeds amidst the bright-haired Hours; and o'er them all, how flawless-fair soever these may be, her splendour of beauty glows pre-eminent; so peerless amid all the Amazons unto Troy-town Penthesileia came. To right, to left, from all sides hurrying thronged the Trojans, greatly marvelling, when they saw the tireless War-god's child, the mailed maid, like to the Blessed Gods; for in her face glowed beauty glorious and terrible. Her smile was ravishing: beneath her brows, her love-enkindling eyes shone like to stars, and with the crimson rose of shamefastness bright were her cheeks, and mantled over them unearthly grace with battle-prowess clad.

- Quintus Smyrnaeus. *Fall of Troy* i, 40 - i 72.
Phyleus

In Greek mythology, **Phyleus** was a son of King Augeas of Elis and father of Meges. He supported Herakles instead of his father in the matter of the Augean Stables. For supporting Herakles his father exiled him. After Herakles killed Augeas and his other sons, he gave Phyleus the kingdom. During the time of his exile, Phyleus led a colony of Epeans to the island of Dulichium. Thus, his son Meges led the contingent from Dulichium to the Trojan War.

Phyleus was listed among the heroes who took place in the Kalydonian Boar Hunt however the extent of his participation is unknown since his role in the myth was not central to the story.
Trambelus

Trambelus was a son of King Telamon a of the Leleges and Hesione. When his mother was with child with him, she fled to Miletus, where she received by king Arion, who also brought up her son Trambelus. In the time of the Trojan war, when Achilles came to Miletus, he slew Trambelus, but greatly repented when he learned that he was a son of Telamon..
Phliasos

There is a great deal of dispute as towards who According to Phliasos Hyginus he is a son of Dionysos and Ariadnê. Pausanias cites a version in which Philas is given as son of Keisus. Phliasos was listed by yet another source as being the son of Dionysos by Araethyrea. One thing agreed by all is that he is mentioned as one of the Argonauts.

## Family

### Parents

Dionysos & either Ariadnê, Keisus, Araethyrea or Khthonophyle
Tritônis

Tritônis was the goddess-nymph of the salt-water lake Tritonis in Libya, North Africa. In the story of the birth of the Libyan Athena, Triton--a Libyan sea-god sometimes identified with Poseidon--and Tritonis were the parents of two daughters named Athena and Pallas. The first daughter accidentally killed the second in a mock battle. The story was re-enacted by the Makhlyes and Ausean tribes in an annual festival. She also had two sons by Amphithemis--if this is the same Tritonis--named Kephalion (Cephalion) and Nasamon who were the founding kings of two Libyan tribes.

Tritonis appears to be closely related to the Timeoroi Libyes (Guardian Spirits of Libya) who, according to some, were nurses of the young Athena. She was perhaps also identified with Benthesikyme a North African sea-nymphe who like Tritonis was married to a local sea-god (Enalos) and had two daughters. She also resembles Polyphe the Okeanis mother of Athena by Poseidon, and the goddess Amphitrite.
Tiphyse

Tiphyse was one of the daughters of Thespius, King of Thespiae, Boeotia. She was one of the fifty daughters to sleep with Herakles while he was in Thespia. She would carry his son Lynkaeus.

## Family

### Parents

King Thespius and Queen Megamede or potentially one of Thespius' lovers

## Classical Text

"by Tiphyse he [Herakles] had Lynkaeus"

- Apollod. Biblioteca 2.7.8
Puraíkhmēs

In Greek mythology, **Puraíkhmēs** (Πυραίχμης) was, along with Asteropaeus, a leader of the Paeonians in the Trojan War. He came from the city of Amydon. Although Homer mentions Puraíkhmēs as the leader of the Paeonians early on in the Iliad, in the Trojan Catalogue, Puraíkhmēs plays a minor role compared to the more illustrious Asteropaeus, a later arrival to the front. Unlike Asteropaeus, Homer does not provide a pedigree for Puraíkhmēs (although Dictys Cretensis says his father was Axius - also the name of a river in Paeonia). Puraíkhmēs was killed in battle by Patroclus: dressed in Achilles' armor, Patroclus routed the panicked Trojans, and the first person he killed was Puraíkhmēs.

## Classical Text

Then Patroclus was first to cast with his bright spear straight into the midst where men thronged the thickest, even by the stern of the ship of great-souled Protesilaus, and smote Pyraechmes, that had led the Paeonians, lords of chariots, out of Amydon, from the wide-flowing Axius. Him he smote on the right shoulder, and backward in the dust he fell with a groan, and about him his comrades were driven in rout, even the Paeonians, for upon them all had Patroclus sent panic, when he slew their leader that was pre-eminent in fight. From out the ships then he drave them, and quenched the blazing fire. And half-burnt the ship was left there, but the Trojans were driven in rout with a wondrous din, and the Danaans poured in among the hollow ships, and a ceaseless din arose. And as when from the high crest of a great mountain Zeus, that gathereth the lightnings, moveth a dense cloud away, and forth to view appear all mountain peaks, and high headlands, and glades, and from heaven breaketh open the infinite air; even so the Danaans, when they had thrust back from the ships consuming fire, had respite for a little time; howbeit there was no ceasing from war. For not yet were the Trojans driven in headlong rout by the Achaeans, dear to Ares, from the black ships, but still they sought to withstand them, and gave ground from the ships perforce.

- Homer Illiad, 16.284-16.305
Sao

Sao (Σαώ) are recognized by *Hesiod* and *Apollodorus* as one of the Nereids (one of the fifty or more daughters of Nereus & Doris).  Sao is the Nereid of "safe" passage, or the rescue of sailors.

## Classical Text

To Nereus and Doris were born the Nereids, whose names are Cymothoe, Spio, Glauconome, Nausithoe, Halie, Erato, Sao, Amphitrite, Eunice, Thetis, Eulimene, Agave, Eudore, Doto, Pherusa, Galatea, Actaea, Pontomedusa, Hippothoe, Lysianassa, Cymo, Eione, Halimede, Plexaure, Eucrante, Proto, Calypso, Panope, Cranto, Neomeris, Hipponoe, Ianira, Polynome, Autonoe, Melite, Dione, Nesaea, Dero, Evagore, Psamathe, Eumolpe, Ione, Dynamene, Ceto, and Limnoria.

- *Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca* 1.2.7
Tityros

The Tityros (Tityri) were flute-playing, rustic daimones in the train of the god Dionysos. They were closely related to the Satyroi (Satyrs), Seilênos and Lenai, and like those daimones were depicted as small, furry men with assine ears, pug noses and tails.

The name Tityros was derived from the Greek word tityrinos, a double shepherd's pipe. According to Eustathius (1157. 39) Tityros was simply the Doric word for satyr. There was also a Mount Tityros near Kydonia (Cydonia) in Krete (Crete). The bucolic poets often use the name Tityros for a rustic character in their poems.

The Boeotian giant Tityos, who attempted to violate the goddess Leto and was slain by Apollon, may have been have originally been a Tityros. The satyr Marsyas could also be classified as one.
Têleboas

## Classical Text

“Another sight still comes before my eyes, the centaur Phaeocomes with his log. He wore six lion skins well wrapped around his body, and with fixed connecting knots they covered him, both horse and man. He hurled a trunk two yokes of oxen scarce could move and struck the hapless son of Olenus a crushing blow upon the head. The broad round dome was shattered, and his dying brains oozed out through hollow nostrils, mouth, and ears, as curdled milk seeps down through oaken twigs; or other liquors, crushed out under weights, flow through a well-pierced sieve and, thick, squeeze out through numerous holes. As he began to spoil his victim—and your father can affirm the truth of this—I thrust my sword deep in the wretch's groin. Chthonius, too, and Teleboas fell there by my sword. The former had a two-pronged stick as his sole weapon, and the other had a spear, with which the wounded me. You see the scar. The old scar still is surely visible! Those were my days of youth and strength, and then I ought to have warred against the citadel of Pergama. I could have checked, or even vanquished, the arms of Hector: but, alas, Hector had not been born, or was perhaps a boy. Old age has dulled my youthful strength. What use is it, to speak of Periphas, who overcame Pyretus, double-formed? Why tell of Ampyx, who with pointless shaft, victorious thrust Echeclus through the face? Macareus, hurling a heavy crowbar pierced Erigdupus and laid him low. A hunting spear that Nessus strongly hurled, was buried in the groin of Cymelus. Do not believe that Mopsus, son of Ampycus, was merely a prophet of events to come, he slew a daring two-formed monster there. Hodites tried in vain to speak, before his death, but could not, for his tongue was nailed against his chin, his chin against his throat.
- *Ovid, Metamorphoses 12.429-12.458 (Roman epic C1st B.C. to C1st A.D.)*
Poluxenos

Poluxenos, son of Agasthenes and Peloris, king of Elis. He was counted among the suitors of Helen, and accordingly participated in the Trojan War, having brought 40 ships with him. He returned home safely after the war, and had a son Amphimachus, whom he possibly named after his friend Amphimachus (son of Cteatus), who had died at Troy. Poluxenos, king of Elis, was also said to have been entrusted with the stolen cattle by the Taphians under Pterelaus; the cattle was ransomed from him by Amphitryon. This Poluxenos, however, appears to be a figure distinct from Poluxenos, son of Agasthenes, since he lived two generations before the Trojan War.
Sinis

Sinis (Σίνης) whose name means "pine bender" was an Isthmian bandit would make those who passed by bend assist him in bending pine trees to the ground. He would then release the branch causing them to catapult to their death.

## Death

Ironically, Sinis' method for killing others is what brought him to his own death. When Theseus came along, he did as Sinis asked and helped bend the tree. Anticipating this was some sort of trick, Theseus released the tree and catapulted Sinis to his death.
Triteia

Triteia was a sea-nymph of the Korinthian (Corinthian) Gulf and the town of Triteia in Akhaia (Achaea) (southern Greece). She was loved by the god Ares and bore him a son named Melanippos, the founding-prince of her namesake town.

Triteia resembles several other warrior-nymph consorts of Ares in the north-west Peloponnese such as Harpina and Sterope of Pisa. She was perhaps also identified the Libyan Athena, a war-goddess daughter of Lake Tritonis.
Thermodosa

One of the Amazons who came with Penthesileia to the Trojan War. She was killed by Meriones at Troy

## Classical Text

And with her followed twelve beside, each one a princess, hot for war and battle grim, far-famous each, yet handmaids unto her: Penthesileia far outshone them all. As when in the broad sky amidst the stars the moon rides over all pre-eminent, when through the thunderclouds the cleaving heavens open, when sleep the fury-breathing winds; so peerless was she mid that charging host. Clonie was there, Polemusa, Derinoe, Evandre, and Antandre, and Bremusa, Hippothoe, dark-eyed Harmothoe, Alcibie, Derimacheia, Antibrote, and Thermodosa glorying with the spear. All these to battle fared with warrior-souled Penthesileia: even as when descends Dawn from Olympus' crest of adamant, Dawn, heart-exultant in her radiant steeds amidst the bright-haired Hours; and o'er them all, how flawless-fair soever these may be, her splendour of beauty glows pre-eminent; so peerless amid all the Amazons unto Troy-town Penthesileia came. To right, to left, from all sides hurrying thronged the Trojans, greatly marvelling, when they saw the tireless War-god's child, the mailed maid, like to the Blessed Gods; for in her face glowed beauty glorious and terrible. Her smile was ravishing: beneath her brows, her love-enkindling eyes shone like to stars, and with the crimson rose of shamefastness bright were her cheeks, and mantled over them unearthly grace with battle-prowess clad.

- Quintus Smyrnaeus. *Fall of Troy* i, 40 - i 72.
Polites (Son of Priam)

**Polites** (Ancient Greek: Πολίτης) was the legitimate son of King Priamos and Hecuba. He was a prince of Troy, and brother of 49 other children, including 12 daughters. He was killed by Neoptolemus, son of Akhilles, who then killed Priamos.

## Family

### Early life

Polites was born to Priam, King of Troy, and Hecuba, his wife. He lived in Troy during his youth, was crowned prince of Troy, and was styled his royal Majesty.[citation needed] During his youth, Polites witnessed the Trojan War and was a supporting character in the Iliad

### Death in the Trojan War

During the passage of the Trojan Horse in the Trojan War, Polites was one of those who accepted the gift. During the fall of Troy and the attempted escape to Latium, Neoptolemus shot an arrow in Polites' leg. Polites fell, escaping Neoptolemus, who pursued Polites to his father's palace. Priam called on the gods to punish Neoptolemus, but in that scene, Priam was also killed by Neoptolemus.

## Classical Text

"By other women Priam had sons, to wit, Melanippus, Gorgythion, Philaemon, Hippothous, Glaucus, Agathon, Chersidamas, Evagoras, Hippodamas, Mestor, Atas, Doryclus, Lycaon, Dryops, Bias, Chromius, Astygonus, Telestas, Evander, Cebriones, Mylius, Archemachus, Laodocus, Echephron, Idomeneus, Hyperion, Ascanius, Democoon, Aretus, Deiopites, Clonius, Echemmon, Hypirochus, Aegeoneus, Lysithous, Polymedon; and daughters, to wit, Medusa, Medesicaste, Lysimache, and Aristodeme."

- Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 3.12.5
Sphinx

The Sphinx was a female monster with the body of a lion, the head and breast of a woman, eagle's wings and, according to some, a serpent's tail.

She was sent by the gods to plague the town of Thebes as punishment for some ancient crime, preying on its youths and devouring all who failed to solve her riddle. The regent of Thebes, King Kreon, offered the throne to the one who would destroy her. Oidipous took up the challenge, and when he solved the Sphinx's riddle, she cast herself off the mountainside in despair.

Sphinxes were very popular in ancient art. They were employed as sculptural gave stelae upon the tombs of men who died in youth. In archaic vase paintings they often appear amongst a procession of animals and fabulous creatures such as lions and bird-bodied sirens.
Stymphalian Birds

The Stymphalian Birds were a flock of man eating birds who plagued Lake Stymphalis in Arkadia. For the sixth labor Herakles was sent to rid the area of the birds. Herakles used cymbals (or castinets) to draw them out and shot most of them dead with his bow and arrow (or possibly a slingshot as he is sometimes depicted on vases) to kill the birds.as they took flight. Those who managed to escape made their way to the island of Aretias in the Euxine where years later they would encounter the Argonauts.
Proneos

In *Fabulae*, Hyginus, Proneos is listed as one of the sons of King Priamos. Hyginus is the only source to list him. Proneos' mother's name is not provided.

## Classical Text

"SONS AND DAUGHTERS OF PRIAM TO THE NUMBER OF LV: Hector, Deiphobus, Cebriones, Polydorus, Helenus, Alexander, Hipposidus, Antinous, Agathon, Dius, Mestor, Lysides, Polymedon, Ascanius, Chirodamas, Evagoras, Dryops, Astynomus, Polymelus, Laodice, Ethionome, Phegea, Henicea, Demnosia, Cassandra, Philomela, Polites, Troilus, Palaemon, Brissonius, Gorgythion, Protodamas, Aretus, Dolon, Chromius, Eresus, Chrysolaus, Demosthea, Doryclus, Hippasus, Hyperochus, Lysianassa, Iliona, Nereis, Evander, Proneos, Archemachus, Ilagus, Axion, Binates, Hippothous, Deiopites, Medusa, Hero, Creusa."
Poseidôn

Poseidôn was one of the gods of Olympus. He was the god of the sea and earthquakes. He carried a Trident which he used to command the oceans.

## Family

### Spouse & Lovers

Amphitritê
Gaia
Kirkê
Medousa
Periboia
Salamis
Sylea
Thoôsa
Tyrô
Unnamed Mother of Proteus

### Children

Ankaeus
Antaios
Areion
Khrysaôr
Kykhreus
Kymopoleia
Lamia
Lamia
Nausithoos
Neleus
Pegasos
Pelias
Phaunos
Polyphemos
Proteus
Rhodê
Sinis
Skeiron
Tritôn
Tyrô

Tyrô was a Thessalian princess who fell in love with the river Enipeus. As she was sitting on the banks of the river, Poseidon seduced her in the guise of the river-god. She bore him twin sons, Pelias and Neleus, which she left in the wilderness to die. The infants were found and rescued by passing herdsmen who raised them as their own. Tyro's father Salmoneus later married her to his brother Kretheus, King of Iolkos (Iolcus), and she bore him three sons. Upon reaching manhood the sons of Poseidon returned to their mother and seized control of their uncle's Kretheus' kingdom. They also slew his second wife Sidero who had been mistreating Tyro.

There were several alternate versions of her story. In one, after Tyro revealed she was pregnant by the god, her father Salmoneus refused to believe her, suspecting that his wicked brother Sisyphos was involved. He commanded her to expose the children as soon as they were born.

In yet another version, Sisyphos fathered two children by Tyro after learning that these sons would grow up to kill Salmoneus. When this was revealed Tyro, out of loyalty to her father, put the infants to death.

Tyro was the ancestress of many of the great heroes of myth. Her grandsons included the seer Melampous and the Argonauts Iason, Admetos, Akastos, Iphiklos and Periklymenos. Several of her great-grandsons fought in the Trojan War.
Styphelos

## Classical Text

"Five of the centaurs Caeneus put to death: Styphelus, Bromus, and Antimachus, Elymus, and Pyracmos with his axe. I have forgot their wounds but noted well their names and number. Latreus, huge of limb, had killed and stripped Emathian Halesus. Now in his armor he came rushing out, in years he was between old age and youth; but he retained the vigor of his youth; his temples showed his hair was mixed with grey. Conspicuous for his Macedonian lance and sword and shield, facing both sides -- each way, he insolently clashed his arms; and while he rode poured out these words in empty air. `Shall I put up with one like you, O Caeneus? For you are still a woman in my sight. Have you forgot your birth or that disgrace by which you won reward—at what a price you got the false resemblance to a man?! Consider both your birth, and what you have submitted to! Take up a distaff, and wool basket! Twist your threads with practiced thumb! Leave warfare to your men!’ While puffed-up pride was vaunting out such nonsense, Caeneus hurled a spear and pierced the stretched out running side, just where the man was joined upon the horse. The Centaur, Latreus, raved with pain and struck with his great pike, the face of Caeneus. His pike rebounded as the hail that slants up from the roof; or as a pebble might rebound from hollow drum. Then coming near, he tried to drive a sword into the hard side of Caeneus, but it could not make a wound. ‘Aha!’ he cried, ‘this will not get you off. The good edge of my sword will take your life, although the point is blunt!’ He turned the edge against the flank of Caeneus and swung round the hero's loins with his long, curving arm. The flesh resounded like a marble block, the keen blade shattered on the unyielding skin. And, after Caeneus had exposed his limbs unhurt to Latreus, who stood there amazed, `Come now,’ he said, `and let us try my steel against your body!’ And, clear to the hilt, down through the monster's shoulder-blade he plunged his deadly sword and, turning it again, deep in the Centaur's entrails, made new wounds within his wound.

- Ovid, Metamorphoses 12.459-12.493 (Roman epic C1st B.C. to C1st A.D.)
Lethe (Okeanid)

Lethe was the underworld river of oblivion and its goddess. The shades of the dead drank of its waters to forget their mortal lives. According to some it formed the border between gloomy Hades and the paradise realm of Elysion (Elysium). The other four rivers of the underworld and their respective dieties were the Styx, Akheron, Pyriphlegethon and Kôkytos.
Pronax

In Greek mythology, Pronax (Πρῶναξ) was one of the sons of Talaus and Lysimakhe, a brother of Adrastus and Eriphyle, and the father of Lykurgus and Amphithea. According to some accounts, he died before the war of the Seven against Thebes, and the Nemean Games were instituted in his honor.

## Myth

### Lykurgus

Pronax's son was perhaps the same Lykurgus that was said to have been raised from the dead by Asklêpios. His son was also possibly the same as the Nemean Lykurgus who was the father of Opheltes. Although the mythographer Apollodorus distinguishes these two, saying that the Lykurgus, who was the father of Opheltes, was the son of Pheres, there is some evidence to suggest that, in some accounts, these two Lycurgoi were in fact the same. The geographer Pausanias reports seeing an image of Pronax's son Lykurgus on the Amyclae throne of Apollo. According to Pausanias, Adrastus and Tydeus, two of the Seven against Thebes, are shown stopping a fight between Lykurgus and Amphiaraus, another of the Seven. If this image depicted an event during the Seven's stop at Nemea, then this would presumably mean that, in some version of the story, Pronax's son was the father of Opheltes.

### Amphithea

According to Athenaeus, the extravident clothing worn by those who came to court Pronax's daughter Amphithea, was mentioned by the 5th-century Greek tragedian Agathon. Pronax gave his daughter, Amphithea in marriage to his brother Adrastus, who was the king of Argos and leader of the Seven against Thebes. She and Adrastus had three daughters, Argia, Deipyle, and Aegialia, and two sons, Aegialeus and Kyanippus.
Prothous (Son of Phrixus)

Phrontis (Greek Φροντις) was one of four (or five) sons of Phrixus and Khalkiope. He was also a grandson of King Aeëtes of Colchis .

Phrontis and his brothers were raised in Colchis, but after their father died, he and his brothers set out to avenge their father's ill treatment in the hands of king Athamas of Orchomenus and were stranded on the Island of Ares the War God in the Black Sea until they were rescued from the island by the Jason and the Argonauts. Once Jason received discovered that Phrontis and his brothers were grandsons of King Aeëtes of Colchis, Jason convinced Phrontis and his brothers to return with him to Colchis and help him to obtain the Golden Fleec. Jason also questioned Phrontis and his brothers on the layout and security of the land. After the Fleece was retrieved from Colchis, Phrontis and his brothers returned with the Argo's crew to Greece. His brothers were Kytissorus, Argus and Melas , and, according to some accounts, Presbon was another one of his brothers.
Thyone

Thyone (Θυωνη) was possibly one of the Okeanides who helped nurse the child Dionysos. Thyone is listed in Astronomica as being one of the Okeanides who nursed Dionysos. It is important to mention that while Dionysos was only nursed by six or seven Okeanides, as many as fifteen have been named as being one of them.

It was at Zeus' request that several of the Okeanides help to nurse the child Dionysos. Zeus' requested this because if Hera learned about Dionysos while he was still a child, her vindictive nature would nature would ensure that harm would come to the future wine-god.

## Classical Text

"It [the constellation Taurus] faces towards the East, and the stars which outline the face are called Hyades. These, Pherecydes the Athenian [mythographer C5th B.C.] says, are the nurses of Liber [Dionysos], seven in number, who earlier were Nymphae called Dodonidae. Their names are as follows : Ambrosia, Eudora, Pedile, Coronis, Polyxo, Phyto, and Thyone. They are said to have been put to flight by Lycurgus and all except Ambrosia took refuge with Thetis, as Asclepiades says.

But according to Pherecydes, they brought Liber to Thebes and delivered him to Ino, and for this reason Jove [Zeus] expressed his thanks to them by putting them among the constellations."
- Pseudo-Hyginus, Astronomica 2. 21
Satnioeis

Satnioeis was a river-god of the Troad in Mysia, Anatolia.

The River Satnioeis had its headwaters on the slopes of Mount Ida and flowed west to empty into the Aegean Sea between the towns of Khryse (Chryse) and Hamaxitos in the south-western corner of the Troad. Neighbouring rivers were the Skamandro to the north and Kaikos (Caicus) to the south-east.
Teumessian Fox

Teumessian Fox was a giant fox sent by Dionysos to plague the city state of Thebes by preying on its children as punishment for a crime. The fox was destined never to be caught. Eventually King Kreon charged Amphitryon to find a solution. Amphitryon decided the only way to catch something that supposedly could never be caught is to send something that always catches its prey thus the obvious solution was to use Laelaps.  As Teumessian Fox and Laelaps were paradoxes of one another, Zeus in his ultimate wisdom turned them to stone and set them in sky as the costellations Canis Major which was Laelaps and Canis Minor which was the Teumessian Fox.

## Classical Text

"Teumesia. Those who have written on Theban affairs have given a full account of the Teumesian Fox (Alopekos Teumesia). They relate that the creature was sent by the gods to punish the descendants of Kadmos (Cadmus), and that the Thebans therefore excluded those of the house of Kadmos from the kingship. But they say a certain Kephalos (Cephalus), the son of Deion, an Athenian, who owned a Hound [Lailaps (Laelaps)] which no beast ever escaped, had accidentally killed his wife Prokris (Procris), and being purified of the homicide by the Kadmeans, hunted the Fox with his Hound, and when they had overtaken it both Hound and Fox were turned into stones near Teumessos (Teumessus). The writers have taken the story from the Epic Cycle."
Telestas

Telestas is only mentioned by Apollodorus and only once (briefly) when listing off the male and female bastard children Priamos had.

## Classical Text

"By other women Priam had sons, to wit, Melanippus, Gorgythion, Philaemon, Hippothous, Glaucus, Agathon, Chersidamas, Evagoras, Hippodamas, Mestor, Atas, Doryclus, Lycaon, Dryops, Bias, Chromius, Astygonus, Telestas, Evander, Cebriones, Mylius, Archemachus, Laodocus, Echephron, Idomeneus, Hyperion, Ascanius, Democoon, Aretus, Deiopites, Clonius, Echemmon, Hypirochus, Aegeoneus, Lysithous, Polymedon; and daughters, to wit, Medusa, Medesicaste, Lysimache, and Aristodeme."

- Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 3.12.5
Tros

**Tros** (Τρώς) was the founder of Troy and the son of Erichthonius by Astyoche (daughter of the river god Simoeis) or of Ilus I, from whom he inherited the throne. Tros was the father of three sons: Ilus, Assaracus and Ganymêdês and lastly a daughter, Cleopatra. He is the eponym of Troy, also named *Ilion* for his son Ilus. Tros's wife was said to be Callirrhoe, daughter of the river god Scamander, or Acallaris, daughter of Eumedes.
Rhanis

"Rhanis was one of sixty young Okeanid Nymphs which formed the core retinue of the goddess Artemis. Their names suggest they were Nephelai (Cloud Nymphs). Since many of the younger Okeanides were cloud nymphs quite a few found themselves as attendants of Aretemis. This is because Artemis once approached her father and asked for followers (see below).

## Classical Text

*"‘And give me sixty daughters of Okeanos (Okeanines) for my choir--all nine years old, all maidens yet ungirdled; and give me for handmaidens twenty Nymphai of Amnisos (Amnisides) who shall tend well my buskins, and, when I shoot no more at lynx or stag, shall tend my swift hounds.’"*

- Callimachus, Hymn 3. to Artemis
Symaithos

Symaithos (Symaethus) was a river-god of eastern Sikelia (Sicily).

The Symaithos river had its headwaters in the Nebrodes Mountains of north-eastern Sikelia, and flowed around Mount Aitna (Etna) to enter the Meditertanean Sea south of the town of Katana (Catana). Other personified Sicilian rivers included the Akis to the north, Anapos to the south and Krimisos to the west. The closest river on the Italian mainland was the Kaikinos of Bruttium.
Titarêssos

Titarêssos was a river-god of Thessalia (Thessaly) in northern Greece.

The Titarêssos was a tributary of the River Pêneios. It flowed south from the foothills of Mounts Olympos and Titanos, through the northern half of Thessalia, to merge with the Pêneios near the Lapith capital of Gyrtone. The river was also known as the Europos.
Quest for the Golden Fleece

The Quest for the Golden Fleece was to locate a sacred item called the Golden Fleece. It involved the greatest gathering of heroes.

## Crew of the Argo

1. Admetos
2. Aethalides
3. Akastos
4. Aktor (son of Hippas)
5. Amphidamas
6. Amphion (son of Hyperasius)
7. Ankaeus (son of Lykurgus)
8. Ankaeus (son of Poseidon)
9. Areius
10. Argus (builder of Argo)
11. Argus (son of Phrixus)
12. Askalaphos
13. Asklêpios
14. Asterion (son of Kometes)
15. Asterius (brother of Amphion)
16. Atalantê
17. Augeias
18. Autolykus (son of Deimakhus)
19. Azorus
20. Bellerophontês
21. Boutes
22. Deileon
23. Deukalion of Krete
24. Ekhion
25. Erginus (Son of Poseidon)
26. Eribotes
27. Euphemus
28. Euryalus
29. Eurydamas
30. Eurymedon (son of Dionysos)
31. Eurytion (king of Phthia)
32. Eurytos (Son of Hermes)
33. Herakles (son of Zeus)
34. Hippalkimus
35. Hylas
36. Ialmenos
37. Iason
38. Idas
39. Idmon (a seer)
40. Iolaus (nephew of Herakles)
41. Iphis
42. Iphitos
43. Iphitos
44. Kalais (son of Boreas)
45. Kaeneus (son of Koronus)
46. Kanthos
47. Kastor (son of Tyndareus; twin and half-brother of Polydeukes)
48. Kepheus, King of Tegea
49. Klytius (son of Eurytus)
50. Koronus (son of Kaeneus)
51. Kytissorus
52. Laërtes (father of Odysseus)
53. Laodokus
54. Laokoön (half-brother of Oeneus and tutor of Meleager)
55. Leitus
56. Lynkeus
57. Medea (joined late in the quest)
58. Melas
59. Meleagros (son of Ares)
60. Menoitios
61. Mopsus
62. Nauplius
63. Neleus (Son of Hippokoon)
64. Nestor
65. Oileus
66. Orpheus
67. Palaimonius (son of Hephaestus)
68. Peleus
69. Peneleos
70. Periklymenus (grandson of Poseidon)
71. Phalerus
72. Phanos (brother of Staphylus and Eurymedon)
73. Philoktetes
74. Phliasos (son of Dionysos)
75. Phokus
76. Phrontis
77. Pirithous
78. Poeas
79. Polydeukes (son of Zeus)
80. Polyphemos
81. Presbon
82. Priasus (brother of Phokus)
83. Staphylus
84. Talaus
85. Telamon
86. Thersanon (son of Helios and Leukothoe)
87. Theseus (son of Poseidon and slayer of the Minotaur)
88. Tiphys
89. Zetes (son of Boreas)
Theisoa

Theisoa whose name means "Of Theisoa" [town]"was an Okeanid and Naiad-nymph of the springs of the town of Theisoa in Arkadia. She and her sisters, Neda and Hagnô, nursed the infant god Zeus on Mount Lykaios.

## Classical Text

"There is a place on Mount Lykaios (Lycaeus) called Kretea (Cretea) [in Arkadia] . . . The Arkadians claim that the Krete (Crete), where the Kretan story has it that Zeus was reared, was this place and not the island. The Nymphai (Nymphs), by whom they say that Zeus was reared, they call Theisoa, Neda and Hagno . . . From Neda the river Neda takes its name; from Hagno a spring on Mount Lykaios, which like the Danube flows with an equal volume of water in winter just as in the season of summer. Should a drought persist for a long time, and the seeds in the earth and the trees wither, then the priest of Zeus Lykaion (Lycaeum), after praying towards the water and making the usual sacrifices, lowers an oak branch to the surface of the spring, not letting it sink deep. When the water has been stirred up there rises a vapour, like mist; after a time the mist becomes cloud, gathers to itself other clouds, and makes rain fall on the land of the Arkadians."

- *Pausanias, Description of Greece 8. 38. 2*
Sperkheios

Sperkheios (Σπερχειος) was a river-god of Malis in central Greece.

The River Sperkheios had its headwaters in the Pindus mountain range and flowed east emptying into the Gulf of Malis. The most important neighboring rivers were the Pêneios and Anauros of Thessalia to the north and the Kêphisos of Boiotia and Phokis to the south.
Thêreus (Kentauroi Peloponnesioi)

## Classical Text

"Of the Centaurs which were killed the most renowned were Daphnis, Argeius, Amphion, also Hippotion, Oreius, Isoples, Malanchaetes, and Thereus, Doupon, and Phrixus. As for those who escaped the peril by flight, every one of them later received a fitting punishment: Homadus, for instance, was killed in Arcadia when he was attempting to violate Alcyonê, the sister of Eurystheus. And for this feat it came to pass that Heracles was marveled at exceedingly; for though he had private grounds for hating his enemy, yet because he pitied her who was being outraged, he determined to be superior to others in humanity."

- *Diodorus Siculus, Library of History 4.12.7*
Proklia

In Greek mythology, Proklia (or Proclea) was described as the daughter of Laomedon, king of Troy, or Klytius, son of Laomedon.

Proklia married Cycnus, king of Colonae, (son of Poseidon) and bore him two children, Tenes and Hemithea. According to some versions, the god Apollo had hidden love affair with Proklia and Tenes was described as the son of Apollo.

A daughter of Laomedon, and the wife of Cycnus, by whom she became the mother of Tennes and Hemithea. According to Pausanias, she was the daughter of Clytius, one of Laomedon's sons, and the sister of Caletor.
Thalpius

Thalpius was a Greek warrior hiding inside the Trojan Horse along with Odysseus and Agamemnon; when it was wheeled inside the walls of Troy based on a deceptive and brilliant military strategy, the fighters emerged during the night from the hollow belly of the horse, opened the gates of Troy, which let in returning Greek fighters from the ships. As a result, Troy was sacked and burned in the ensuing battle which ended the decades-long Trojan War. Knowledge of the war is according to sources from Greek and Roman mythology such as Homer, who wrote the *Iliad* and *Odyssey*, as well as the Roman poet Virgil who wrote the *Aeneid* centuries later.
Skolopendra

The Skolopendra (Σκολοπενδρα) was gargantuan sea-monster with hairy nostrils, a flat, crayfish-like tail and webbed feet lining its flanks.

The creature is perhaps a baleen whale.

## Classical Text

"Now in the course of examining and investigating these subjects and what bears upon them, to the utmost limit, with all the zeal that I could command, I have ascertained that the Skolopendra (Scolopendra) is a Ketos (Cetus, Sea-Monster), and of Sea-Monsters it is the biggest, and if cast up on the shore no one would have the courage to look at it. And those who are expert in marine matters say that they have seen them floating and that they extend the whole of their head above the sea, exposing hairs of immense length protruding from their nostrils, and the tail is flat and resembles that of a crayfish. And at times the rest of their body is to be seen floating on the surface, and its bulk is comparable to a full-sized trireme. And they swim with numerous feet in line on either side as though they were rowing themselves (though the expression is somewhat harsh) with tholepins hung alongside. So those who have experience in these matters say that the surge corresponds with a gentle murmur, and their statement convinces me."
*- Aelian, On Animals 13. 23 (Greek natural history C2nd A.D.)*
Phthonos

PHTHONOS was the personified spirit (*daimon*) of jealousy and envy. He was particularly concerned with the jealous passions of love. In one ancient Greek vase painting he appears as an Erote, winged godling of love, accompanying Aphrodite.

The female counterpart of Phthonos was Nemesis, the goddess of jealous retribution, who was sometimes concerned with matters of love.
Tithonus

In Greek mythology, Tithonus (/tɪˈθoʊnəs/ or /taɪ-/; Ancient Greek: Τιθωνός, romanized: Tithonos) was the lover of Eos, Goddess of the Dawn. He was a prince of Troy, the son of King Laomedon by the Naiad Strymo (Στρυμώ). The mythology reflected by the fifth-century vase-painters of Athens envisaged Tithonus as a rhapsode, as attested by the lyre in his hand, on an oinochoe (wine jug) of the Achilles Painter, circa 470–460 BC.

## Myth

Eos is said to have taken Tithonus, from the royal house of Troy, to be her lover.

The mytheme of the goddess' mortal lover is an archaic one; when a role for Zeus was inserted, a bitter twist appeared: according to the Homeric Hymn to Aphrodite, when Eos asked Zeus to make Tithonus immortal, she forgot to ask that he be granted eternal youth. Tithonus indeed lived forever,

In later tellings, he eventually became a cicada (tettix), eternally living, but begging for death to overcome him. In the Olympian system, the "queenly" and "golden-throned" Eos can no longer grant immortality to her lover as Selene had done, but must ask it of Zeus, as a boon.

Eos bore Tithonus two sons, Memnon and Emathion. According to Quintus Smyrnaeus, Memnon was raised by the Hesperides on the coast of Oceanus. According to the historian Diodorus Siculus, Tithonus, who had travelled east from Troy into Assyria and founded Susa, was bribed with a golden grapevine to send his son Memnon to fight at Troy against the Greeks.

The Tithonus poem is one of the few nearly complete works of the Greek lyric poet Sappho, having been pieced together from fragments discovered over a period of more than a hundred years.

Eos (as Thesan) and Tithonus (as Tinthu or Tinthun) provided a pictorial motif inscribed or cast in low relief on the backs of Etruscan bronze hand-mirrors.
Skythes

## Classical Text

"Herakles (Heracles), driving the cattle of Geryones, came to this land [Skythia (Scythia)], which was then desolate, but is now inhabited by the Skythians . . . Herakles came from there [the home of Geryones] to the country now called Skythia, where, encountering wintry and frosty weather, he drew his lion's skin over him and fell asleep, and while he slept his mares, which were grazing yoked to the chariot, were spirited away by divine fortune.

When Herakles awoke, he searched for them, visiting every part of the country, until at last he came to the land called the Hylaien (Woodland), and there he found in a cave a creature of double form [i.e. the Skythian Drakaina] that was half maiden and half serpent (ekhidna); above the buttocks she was a woman, below them a snake. When he saw her he was astonished, and asked her if she had seen his mares straying; she said that she had them, and would not return them to him before he had intercourse with her; Herakles did, in hope of this reward.

But though he was anxious to take the horses and go, she delayed returning them, so that she might have Herakles with her for as long as possible; at last she gave them back, telling him, ‘These mares came, and I kept them safe here for you, and you have paid me for keeping them, for I have three sons by you. Now tell me what I am to do when they are grown up : shall I keep them here, since I am queen of this country, or shall I send them away to you?’

Thus she inquired, and then (it is said) Herakles answered : ‘When you see the boys are grown up, do as follows and you will do rightly: whichever of them you see bending this bow and wearing this belt so, make him an inhabitant of this land; but whoever falls short of these accomplishments that I require, send him away out of the country. Do so and you shall yourself have comfort, and my will shall be done.’

So he drew one of his bows (for until then Herakles always carried two), and showed her the belt, and gave her the bow and the belt, that had a golden vessel on the end of its clasp; and, having given them, he departed. But when the sons born to her were grown men, she gave them names, calling one of them Agathyrsos and the next Gelonos and the youngest Skythes (Scythes); furthermore, remembering the instructions, she did as she was told. Two of her sons, Agathyrsos and Gelonos, were cast out by their mother and left the country, unable to fulfill the requirements set; but Skythes, the youngest, fulfilled them and so stayed in the land. From Skythes son of Herakles comes the whole line of the kings of Skythia; and it is because of the vessel that the Skythians carry vessels on their belts to this day. This alone his mother did for Skythes. This is what the Greek dwellers in Pontus say."
- *Herodotus, Histories 4. 9. 1 ff*