Igor

***Igor*** is a 2008 computer-animated horror comedy film directed by Tony Leondis from a screenplay by Chris McKenna. It was created in the 2000s, a decade where more affordable technology led to an increase of independent animated films. *Igor*, developed and produced by Max Howard with the California-based Exodus Film Group, was the first feature-length animated film to be financed with private equity. The animation was completed at France's Sparx Animation Studios and a facility in Vietnam. It was distributed in North America by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and internationally by The Weinstein Company. It is MGM's first fully computer-animated film as well as the studio's first animated film in twelve years following 1996's *All Dogs Go to Heaven 2*.

*Igor* stars an A-list-heavy cast of John Cusack, Steve Buscemi, Jay Leno, Eddie Izzard, Sean Hayes, Arsenio Hall, Jennifer Coolidge, John Cleese, Molly Shannon, and Christian Slater. Conceived by McKenna as a twisting of evil scientist film tropes, *Igor* features Cusack as the titular Igor, who lives in the kingdom of Malaria where others of his kind serve as assistants to evil scientists. In trying to achieve his dream to become an evil scientist, Igor accidentally creates a sweet female monster named Eva.

*Igor*'s first teaser trailer premiered at the 2008 New York Comic-Con before being released online on May 7, 2008. Promoted with a video game, toys, books, comic books, and fast-food tie-ins, *Igor* premiered at the Grauman's Chinese Theatre on September 13, 2008, before starting its American nationwide theatrical run five days later. The film grossed $30.7 million worldwide on a $25 million budget. The film received mixed reviews from critics, who criticized the story, humor and the film's unclear age appeal; however, the voice cast and animation were praised. *Igor* garnered an Annie Award nomination for Valérie Hadida's character design.

## Plot

The Kingdom of Malaria's environment is devastated by a mysterious storm to which its ruler, King Malbert (Jay Leno) has the rest of the world pay the kingdom not to unleash the various doomsday devices invented by its evil scientists. In turn, they are assisted by Igors while the kingdom's annual Evil Science Fair showcases the scientists' latest weapons. One Igor (John Cusack), however, who serves the somewhat tedious-minded Doctor Glickenstein (John Cleese), is a talented inventor who aspires to be an evil scientist himself. Among his inventions are his friends Scamper (Steve Buscemi), a re-animated, immortal and suicidal rabbit and Brain (Sean Hayes), an unintelligent robot with a human brain transplanted into a life support jar.

When a malfunctioning rocket ship explodes, taking Glickenstein with it, Igor seizes his chance. With Brain and Scamper's help, he assembles a huge and monstrous being from human remains. It first seems his experiment failed but seconds later, the monster disappears. He soon finds her sitting above him. The creature roars at her creators and stomps away. They later find her in a blind orphanage playing with the orphans. There, he discovers that the "evil bone" he gave her was not activated, making the monster sweet, friendly and gentle despite being hideous. Igor tries to convince her that she is evil but fails as the gentle giantess misinterpreted it as “Eva" (Molly Shannon) thinking that's the name he gave her.

When King Malbert comes to visit Glickenstein, Igor hides his death and claims Glickenstein has created life. Igor later attempts to brainwash Eva into becoming evil by bringing her to a brainwashing salon. Brain also decides to get his brain cleaned and to watch TV but breaks the remote to his TV, so he takes the remote from Eva's room and, in an attempt to change the channel, inadvertently changes the monster’s TV channel from a horror movie marathon to a talk show whose topic of the day is the history of acting. She ends up watching the talk show for several hours and upon leaving the salon, she can speak proper English and aspires to be an actress. Igor then reluctantly takes her back to the castle in their car, bemoaning his failures.

On the way back to the castle, a rival scientist, Dr. Schadenfreude (Eddie Izzard) and his shapeshifted girlfriend, Jaclyn (Jennifer Coolidge) try to steal Eva by using a shrink ray to shrink them all, but fail. When Brain rambles on about how he changed the channel for Eva's TV, Igor attempts to kill Brain with an axe in anger for making his monster an actress. Scamper sarcastically tells Eva they're practicing for a play and the monster believes that they're performers. Igor instead decides to exhibit Eva at the science fair by telling her that the fair is an "Annie" audition with a few differences. While helping Eva with the “play”, Igor slowly starts to fall for his monster.

Dr. Schadenfreude, a fraud scientist who claims other’s inventions as his own, takes Igor to his home and attempts to blackmail him into giving him Eva by threatening to reveal Glickenstein’s doom to King Malbert. Igor escapes, but is too late to stop Schadenfreude from exposing Igor to the King who sends him to an "Igor Recycling Plant". Schadenfreude tricks Eva into coming with him by having Heidi (Glickenstein's "girlfriend" who is revealed to be Jaclyn in disguise) pretend to kiss Igor.

At the fair, Schadenfreude once again manipulates Eva into striking him, activating her evil bone and turning her into a mindless killing machine. He unleashes the monster on the Science Fair where she destroys all the Evil Inventions whilst singing Annie's "Tomorrow". Brain and Scamper help Igor escape from the plant and learn that Malbert had deliberately killed Malaria's crops with a weather ray that created the storm clouds so he could implement his "Evil Inventions" plan, thereby keeping himself in power. Rushing into the arena, Igor tries to reason with the enraged Eva while Brain and Scamper power down the weather ray. Eva roars furiously at Igor until the sunlight begins to shine once again on Malaria, which permanently deactivates her evil bone and returning to her sweet and gentle self.

The crowd boos at Malbert for his treachery before the damaged weather ray falls and crushes him to death. Dr. Schadenfreude attempts to take power, but Eva humiliates him. The monarchy has been dissolved and Malaria becomes a republic with Igor as the president. Schadenfreude is then relegated to pickle salesman and for Jaclyn, who's revealed to be a female Igor, a pretzel saleswoman (while she begins to have feelings for Schadenfreude's Igor) while the annual science fair becomes an annual musical theatre showcase. Igor reveals his plan to build a dog to Eva, with Eva remarking that they'll just adopt if it doesn't work out. Igor and Eva live happily together as Malaria becomes a better place.

## Voice cast

* John Cusack as Igor, a short hunchback who aspires to be an evil scientist.
* Molly Shannon as Eva, the hideous, yet sweet monster Igor creates from human remains, that aspires to be an actress.
* Steve Buscemi as Scamper, an immortal rabbit with suicidal tendencies.
* Sean Hayes as Brain, an unintelligent sentient preserved human brain in a jar.
* Jennifer Coolidge as Jaclyn / Heidi, Dr. Schadenfreude's shapeshifting girlfriend who helps him steal other scientists' inventions.
* Eddie Izzard as Dr. Schadenfreude, a fraudulent, yet flamboyant rival scientist that takes credit for other evil scientists' inventions.
* Jay Leno as King Malbert
* Arsenio Hall as Carl Cristall, an invisible talk show host that wears anything but pants.
* Christian Slater as Schadenfreude's Igor
* John Cleese as Dr. Glickenstein, a tedious-minded inventor and Igor's master.
* Paul Vogt as Buzz Offmann
* James Lipton as Himself
* Jess Harnell as Announcer

## Production

### Development

 File:Chris McKenna by Gage Skidmore.jpg
While attending the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, Chris McKenna's interest in Transylvania-inspired settings caused him to conceive an evil scientist film like *Frankenstein* (1931) that has all of its common tropes twisted; the hunchback is smart instead of dumb, the scientist's creation is friendly instead of monstrous, the evil scientist isn't intelligent, and the jar brain is stupid.**Lua error in Module:Footnotes at line 53: attempt to index local 'anchor\_id\_list' (a nil value).** In the 2000s, the increasing amount of cheap technology led smaller, independent companies to produce films in the animation industry; one of them was Exodus, where its film *Igor* was the first feature-length animation to be budgeted entirely with private equity. McKenna pitched his idea to the California-based Exodus Film Group as a three-paper treatment, instead of as a presentation of drawings and concept art usual for pitching animated features; the company accepted and instructed investors worldwide to finance the film. According to Exodus president John D. Eraklis, "We chose it because it was the most original concept that we had come across in years and Chris McKenna is a brilliant writer."

The Exodus project was first announced on September 7, 2004, with the involvements of McKenna, executive producer Max Howard, and 50 to 75 animators from the studio ElectroAge revealed. Exodus was developing the film as part of a $50 million fund that also included *The Hero of Color City* and *Amarillo Armadillo*; *Igor* made up a chunk of the fund, being budgeted at $30 million. The original plan was to produce a short film, titled *Igor: Unholy Frijoles*, that would get the producers comfortable with making a feature-length film and serve as a launch for a longer version of *Igor* to be released in 2007. The seven-minute short was also going to premiere in festivals before being distributed.

In a November 2005 interview, Howard announced that the rigging and voice recording for the short was completed and that storyboards were nearly finished for the animation to start soon; he also shared about the film's content, "This is a slightly edgier picture we’re dealing with. We’re taking a tongue-in-cheek look at the horror genre, in particular, Frankenstein stories but taken from Igor’s point of view. There’s sort of an underclass were you’re born an Igor and you can only aspire to be an Igor, but, of course, he has greater aspirations than that. It’s not supposed to be scary, but there’s a gross-out value, which we hope kids will really enjoy. We’re not making a soft, preschool property either." In early 2006, in addition to making ways into festivals, DVDs of *Igor: Unholy Frijoles* were being sold by Exodus to those who invested a minimum of $30,000 in the feature film's budget; in documents, Exodus enticed investors by citing a 2004 Dove Foundation study regarding the superior amount of profitability of G-rated films over R-rated motion pictures.

On September 22, 2006, it was revealed Tony Leondis would direct the feature. He got onboard due to sharing McKenna's interest in horror films and sardonic sense of humor, in addition to being intro film noir and German Expressionism works;**Lua error in Module:Footnotes at line 53: attempt to index local 'anchor\_id\_list' (a nil value).** Leondis helped the writer in developing the setting's backstory, a more complicated process than McKenna predicted that required collaboration from not just the director but also the actors and producers.**Lua error in Module:Footnotes at line 53: attempt to index local 'anchor\_id\_list' (a nil value).** Leondis explained, "My goal was to take familiar monster motifs and rearrange them in a surprisingly fun way to evoke the memories that people have of classic monster movies. Something familiar enough to connect to, but at the same time fresh and unexpected so that it became a fun ride – and maybe makes them think a little along the way."**Lua error in Module:Footnotes at line 53: attempt to index local 'anchor\_id\_list' (a nil value).**

### Casting

As Howard described casting A-list actors for the film, "We sent them the script. Steve Buscemi signed on very early, and he's an 'actor's actor.' Then others signed on... it just took off that way." On March 4, 2005, Slater joined the cast to play the title character in the short film, and Fil Barlow to direct. On July 19, 2005, Buscemi, Cleese, and Leno entered the cast as the characters Scamper, Dr. Glickenstein, and Brian the Brain. Jeremy Piven and Molly Shannon, Leondis' first decision for Eva,**Lua error in Module:Footnotes at line 53: attempt to index local 'anchor\_id\_list' (a nil value).** were cast for the roles of Dr. Schadenfreude and Eva respectively on October 19, 2006. On January 10, 2007 Jennifer Coolidge joined the cast to play Jaclyn and Heidi, and Leno switched from voicing Brain to King Malbert. On March 28, 2007, John Cusack replaced Slater in the role of Igor, and Hayes joined to voice Brain; the release date was also set for October 24, 2008. Leondis thought Cusack had a "world-weary, but hopeful" tone to his voice perfect for Igor's character arc.**Lua error in Module:Footnotes at line 53: attempt to index local 'anchor\_id\_list' (a nil value).** On May 11, 2007, Arsenio Hall was revealed to be in the cast. On July 26, 2007, Eddie Izard replaced Piven for the role of Dr. Schadenfreude. Izard came up with his own accent for Schadenfreude.

### Visuals

*Igor* was produced over the course of two years beginning in November 2006. Due to *Igor*'s inspiration originating from a European nation and being most famous in the continent of Europe, Howard wanted to have a European studio responsible for the animation's aesthetic.**Lua error in Module:Footnotes at line 53: attempt to index local 'anchor\_id\_list' (a nil value).** He chose Sparx Animation Studios, where its French office did the designs and used $4 million worth of tech for making the film. It was Sparx's first theatrical film, as their previous work were direct-to-video products and television productions such as *Rolie Polie Olie* (1998–2004) and *Mickey's Twice Upon a Christmas* (2004). A chunk of the 65 Sparx artists and Leondis previously worked at Walt Disney Animation France, and appreciated the amount of freedom they had when working on *Igor*. Leondis explained, "At Disney everything had to be done in the house style, but here they really wanted to push boundaries. I came in and said, 'We're going to do something sumptuous, something sophisticated, something crazy. We're going to mix freaks, skulls and the generally creepy with the architecture of the Liberace museum.'" *Igor* was the last production of Sparx before it shut down its French offices a few months after the film's release.

#### Design and art style

*Igor*'s first six months with Sparx involved the French facility conceiving the visual style. For the film's 120 characters, 65 locations, and 250 props, Leondis wanted them to be asymmetrical, a decision coming from the film's backstory about a farm land taken over by castles with technology:**Lua error in Module:Footnotes at line 53: attempt to index local 'anchor\_id\_list' (a nil value).** "I wanted the in-organic shapes to not exactly fit, to be thrust upon our peaceful organic world."**Lua error in Module:Footnotes at line 53: attempt to index local 'anchor\_id\_list' (a nil value).**

In order to achieve both a film noir and an accessible-while-creepy aesthetic, Leondis and the art director he worked with, Olivier Besson, incorporated a fair amount of mist and smoke. Leondis also went for an art style inspired by the fashion works of Vivienne Westwood, where it takes elements from a variety of time periods; he summarized the setting's look as a mixture of the middle ages, the industrial revolution, and "Pop sixties."**Lua error in Module:Footnotes at line 53: attempt to index local 'anchor\_id\_list' (a nil value).** The visual's lighting and shading took cues from the works of Rembrandt. Other influences Leondis used on the look included Brassaï's use of black-and-white and Mary Blair's color style. Leondis stated regarding the coloring, "Olivier [Besson] would use an unrealistic color like pink for the sky if the emotional moment called for it — and somehow still made it feel like our world."**Lua error in Module:Footnotes at line 53: attempt to index local 'anchor\_id\_list' (a nil value).**

In Howard's words, the animators went for a "puppet sensibility" in the characters' movements and designs, a decision inspired by the 1967 stop motion film *Mad Monster Party?* (1967). McKenna explained, "the most difficult challenge with Igor was going to be portraying him as a hunchback without making him freakish."**Lua error in Module:Footnotes at line 53: attempt to index local 'anchor\_id\_list' (a nil value).** The titular protagonist of *Igor* wasn't a prisoner per se, but character designer Valérie Hadida nonetheless gave his attire prison sensibilities to symbolize him being jailed in the land he lives in; the back of his "straitjacket" has a prison uniform pattern, and the cuffs on his hands indicate handcuffs. Hadida was later nominated for an Annie Award for Character Design in an Animated Feature Production for her work on *Igor*. Two patches of orange are also on Igor's back to suggest hope before Eva enters the world, who is colored a warm yellow to symbolize her adding "hope and light" to the land.

#### Animation

The animation of Sparx's designs were outsourced to a facility in Ho Chi Minh City that consisted of 150 animators and only worked in television advertisements. Since none of the Vietnamese animators could speak English, Leondis recorded videotapes of himself doing character movements and the voice actors doing their lines; and the Vietnamese workers would animation the characters with the tapes as references. According to Howard, "It was a real buzz to go out there and see our artwork come to life on their monitors. It's a subtle film, but they got it." *Igor* was computer-animated with Autodesk Maya in less than 18 months.

The set up of the tools and workflow for animating the film went on the same six months the designs were being conceived; the Paris office modelled and rigged the characters, and the Vietnamese space modelled the props and sets. A 3D animatic was done in the next four months by six animators and two camera people, with two-and-a-half of those months involving revisions of the animatic. The following six months, 50 of the Vietnamese workers animated the film before it was taken to the Paris office for the lighting and final compositing to be done with Digital Fusion. According to Sparx manager Jean-Philippe Again, each animator completed an average of 0.6 seconds of animation. Rending was done with another Autodesk program, Mental Ray; and the company actually trained Sparx in rendering more efficiently for the first half of production . Since Sparx was in a partnership with HP Inc., hardware by the technology company was used for *Igor*.

## General information

### Artist

Patrick Doyle

Leondis first met Patrick Doyle, one of his favorite film composers, about *Igor* in October 2007; Leondis showed Doyle the film without music as well as concept drawings, which got the composer "immediately excited." Due to having themes for different types of characters, *Igor*'s score incorporates multiple styles, such as piano concerto for Eva's theme and a tango tinge for Dr. Schadenfreude's dance-y side. Leondis instructed Doyle to give the score a "slightly eastern feel," offering him the works of composers such as Bela Bartok to reference from. The score's Gothic elements were executed through a set of Choir samples. The soundtrack also includes five Louis Prima songs. The soundtrack was released on September 30, 2008 by Varèse Sarabande.

## Release

### Pre-release

The Weinstein Company bought the North American rights to *Igor* on February 1, 2006. However, differences towards the artistic vision and release idea of the film between Weinstein and Exodus led Weinstein to sell the North American rights back to Exodus. However, Weinstein was involved in international distribution, and when selling *Igor* at the 2006 Marché du Film before production started, companies from almost every territory bought it; according to Howard, "We pre-sold [the film] to all the former east bloc countries pretty much on the name alone."

As of January 13, 2008, the release date was set at October 17, 2008. The Weinstein Company ran an *Igor* panel at the 2008 New York Comic-Con, where, in addition to being an exclusive premiere of the first trailer, McKenna and Leondis presented details about the film. At the panel, Leondis also announced the contest *Be an Igor*, where voice actors contributed video recordings of themselves acting like an Igor for their voices to be used for extras; the top-five results were included as extras for the film's DVD.

*Igor*'s first poster, made entirely by Leondis, was released by Weinstein on April 23, 2008; and the first trailer premiered online via AniMagTV with a high definition video released on Yahoo! on May 8, 2008. A presentation for *Igor* took place at the 2008 Cannes Film Festival, where Harvey Weinstein, McKenna, and Slater attended. On August 28, 2008, Exodus partnered with Marlaria.com and the Against Malaria Foundation for Igor to be a spokesperson for donating to end the Malaria crisis.

On September 15, 2008, Collider revealed another trailer and seven clips of *Igor*.

### Merchandise

Exodus planned *Igor* to be a franchise since its inception and made several *Igor* merchandise deals with other companies while the film was in production. On May 11, 2007, Exodus signed a deal with Simon & Schuster to publish seven children's books based on *Igor*. Exodus signed another merchandise deal on June 11 with Corgi International, where they would release various products, such as figures, play sets, electronic role-play games, pocket money toys, plush toys, in September 2008. On July 26, Exodus inked a deal with IDW Publishing to produce a set of comic books, a prequel series to Simon & Schuster's *Igor* books. On November 16, 2007, Exodus penned a deal with CKE Restaurants Inc. to have more than 3,000 Carl's Jr. and Hardee's restaurants sell *Igor* toy in Cool Kids Combos. On December 7, 2007, Exodus signed with Interactive Game Group and Legacy Games to develop and publish *Igor* video game adaptations for the Nintendo DS, Wii, personal computer, and wireless.

For all platforms, critical reviews of *Igor: The Game* were mixed to negative, with a common criticism being its repetitive and boring gameplay and decent, but bland, presentation.

### Release

 File:Grauman's Chinese Theatre, by Carol Highsmith fixed & straightened.jpg
*Igor* had its worldwide premiere on September 13, 2008 at the Grauman's Chinese Theatre, where the "red carpet" was purple instead of its usual color. Howard recalled that "almost everyone turned out for the premiere."
Worldwide, *Igor* was released in Taiwan on October 3, 2008; the Philippines on October 8, 2008; Israel and the United Kingdom on October 10, 2008; Greece on October 23, 2008; Malaysia, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates on November 20, 2008; Iceland on November 21, 2008; Singapore on December 11, 2008; France on December 17, 2008; Kuwait and Lebanon on January 1, 2009; Australia on January 3, 2009; Oman on January 8, 2009; Bahrain on January 22, 2009; South Africa on January 23, 2009; Russia on February 19, 2009; Belgium and Egypt on April 1, 2009; the Netherlands on April 23, 2009; Mexico on April 24, 2009; Turkey on May 8, 2009; Spain on June 5, 2009; Portugal on July 23, 2009; Peru on August 13, 2009; Brazil on October 9, 2009; Argentina on December 3, 2009; Chile on February 11, 2010; Uruguay on March 26, 2010; Bolivia on September 9, 2010; South Korea on March 10, 2011; and Venezuela on September 9, 2011.

## Reception

### Box office

Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer released *Igor* theatrically in the United States on September 19, 2008 to 2,300 theaters, more than "1,200 to 1,500 screens" the producers predicted.

According to Gitesh Pandya, "pre-release expectations were low since it is not based on any popular brand name property." However, he projected an opening weekend gross of $8 million due to no competition with other family films and "a marketing push highlighting how Halloween comes early this year thanks to this monster mash." He also suggested the film would drop only modestly in later weeks.

In its opening weekend the film grossed $7,803,347, ranking #4 at the box office alongside *Lakeview Terrace*, *Burn After Reading* and *My Best Friend's Girl*. As of December 2019, *Igor* has the 184th biggest opening weekend in a September month. The film then grossed $19,528,602 domestically and $11,218,902 overseas for a worldwide total of $30,747,504. In the UK, the film opened on 32 screens with a gross of £56,177 for a screen average of £1,756 and placing it at No. 20 in the box office chart. The mainstream release opened on October 17 at 418 screens and made £981,750 with a screen average of £2,348. This placed it at No. 3 for that weekend. The UK total gross is £1,110,859.

Noel Murray analyzed *Igor* had a difficult time selling tickets due to being "too macabre for young children and too cutesy for hip adult moviegoers," and Adam Quigley reported it was "instantly forgotten following its release."

### Critical predictions

Alex Billington, also covering the trailer, predicted *Igor* might be good thanks to its cast, but may do mediocrely at the box office, citing the performance of a previous English-language animated film released in 2006 and made in France. *I Watch Stuff* was turned off by the "archetypical Disney-esque jokes and characters" presented in the trailer, also mocking Igor's design as "a hunchbacked David Gest." Peter Sciretta also had little faith in the film's quality due to Weinstein's poor reputation with animated films, but Kryten Syxx wrote that "there's enough [in the trailer] to please horror fans" as well as children, Ryan Parsons suggested that *Igor* "looks charming enough" to compete with bigger productions from Pixar and Dreamworks, and *Cartoon Brew* thought it looked "intriguing" judging by the trailer.

### Contemporaneous reviews

According to *Rotten Tomatoes*, "critics say the film is something of a Frankenstein's monster, stitching together recycled parts from *Shrek* and *The Nightmare Before Christmas*. [...] While the pundits say *Igor* has moments of Tim Burton-esque visual invention, it's a pretty mediocre affair, filled with shopworn pop-culture references and manic action but few laughs; plus, it's probably a bit too dark for the wee ones." The site reports only 39% of 93 professional reviews being "fresh" as of December 2019; while the film holds a "mixed or average" aggregate score of 40/100 on Metacritic based on 19 reviews as of the same time. While *The Age* called *Igor* "a fun time-killer for kids aged tween and up;" *The Austin Chronicle* panned it for being uninspired in all aspects, such as animation, story, and voice acting; and *The New York Post* labeled it as "an excuse for a wearying parade of pop-culture references and voice cameos by celebrities," also calling its influences used more for "desperation than inspiration."

Many criticisms were pointed towards the story, mainly that it was very unclear in messages, form, and age appeal. According to *The New York Times*, "Kiddies [...] will be undiverted by the humdrum animation and a palette that mirrors the film’s moral and meteorological gloom. Neither will they respond to a script (by Chris McKenna) that seems more focused on tickling movie-savvy adults [...] 'Igor' leaves us unmoved by its vertically challenged hero." *Exclaim!* summarized, " the journey is sloppy and uneven, with technical fouls aplenty. [...] It is difficult to determine what audience might have an appreciation for this, as the material will prove too dark for many youngsters and too insipid for elders." *Slant Magazine* writer Nick Schager concluded that it "feels chintzy and imitative, with kids unlikely to be seriously captivated by its bland hero and viewers over the age of five ultimately apt to relate only to Scamper (Steve Buscemi), an immortal rabbit desperate to commit suicide." *Dark Horizons* writer Garth Franklin wrote that its content was too little in amount for a full-length film. Some reviewers were turned off by its pacing; Franklin noted that its "characters run around in a manic rush and yet there's little 'action' to speak of," while Robert Abele of *Los Angeles Times* wrote the pacing issues came in its editing, camera movements, and line deliveries.

Michael Phillips called *Igor* unfunny, "uneven and overstuffed," although highlight the presence of Scamper. The *San Francisco Chronicle* writer Peter Hartlaub opined "the filmmakers waste some clever and subversive writing by cramming everything into a Disneyfied plot filled with misunderstandings and morality speeches." Similarly, *The Globe and Mail* thought its interesting monster movie concept was "thwarted by traditional prejudices." Wrote Kurt Loder, "the picture suffers from a humor deficit. The fact that the jar in which Brain resides is mislabeled "Brian" is not hilarious; nor is a strained butt-scratching gag involving an invisible talk-show host." The story is "innocuous and predictable—a modest do-gooder trying to pretend that its not Cartoonland’s most direct attack of the Bush administration," wrote Amy Nicholson. In the opinion of an *IGN* critic, "Writer Chris McKenna [...] has essentially crafted a tale that robs the genre of all of its hallmarks – real monsters, gore, or even just genuinely scary moments – in lieu of a superficially entertaining tome that either borrows heavily from the above predecessors or doesn't have enough creativity not to steal from their iconic landscapes."

Mark Demetrius of *Filmink* opined that the film was ruined by cliches, an overwhelming amount of adult jokes, forced humor, and "pathetic" ending. Franklin also panned its "dated" and "forced" pop-culture humor, and Janice Page wrote it "riffs on classic monster-movie cliches mostly by spinning them into newly unfunny cliches." A review from the *Toronto Star* claimed cliches, "movie quotes and Hollywood parodies dictate the action," also stating the kids wouldn't get the references. Schager explained, "Director Anthony Leondis peppers his tale with a host of leaden cinematic references children will almost surely miss, which is just as well since virtually every film-related gag directed at adults feels like a pitiful attempt at knowing cleverness." According to *The Hollywood Reporter*, the plot was "undernourished, and the wit erupts only in flashes." *The Orlando Sentinel* dismissed it as "chatty and dull" and "a bit too reliant on innuendo." As *Entertainment Weekly* summarized in their review, "the visuals are a kick; the groan-inducing dialogue isn’t," and the hero is "charmless." Even a positive *TV Guide* review thought it didn't work as a children's film due to its adult references and horror film elements.

Pete Hammond of *Boxoffice* called *Igor* "first rate" for a low-budget film, while the movie's look was considered by Demetrius to be its best aspect. Some sources thought the film was "all its own" and "fresh" in spite of its influences of Tim Burton films and old-school horror movies, *The Orlando Sentinel* labeling the animation a "credible" rip-off of *The Nightmare Before Christmas* (1993). *The A.V. Club* stated the visuals succeeded in "detail and fluidity" if not for taking "advantage of three-dimensional space." One critic highlighted the film's use of shadow, "not only to strike the pre-requisite mad scientist mood but to enhance the feeling of 3 dimensions. This, coupled with a cinematic eye leaning towards the dramatic, further pulls you into the feature, exposing the creator’s love for black and white horror films of years past." The visuals did have its detractors, however. Schager wrote the animation is "at times is vibrant and elaborately eerie, and at others is so stiff, inexpressive and flat." *IGN* thought the animation looked like "a bargain-basement ripoff of better films." Franklin called it too "inconsistent," Hartlaub who opined "the character design leans more toward disturbing than cute," and *Total Film* who was turned off by the "shoddiness" of the art style. The voice cast was heavily praised, being called "stellar," "top-notch," and a "quirky highlight" in reviews. According to one journalist, "this is one cast that consistently had me laughing across the board."

Some reviewers found the underlying concepts to be clever, such as a *Wired* review that opined the film had a "clever premise," "outrageous characters, some artsy scenery, and some cool laboratories. *The Sydney Morning Herald* praised it for being unique from most family films due to its cast of improv actors and impertinent horror concept: "*Igor* celebrates a defiantly adolescent and suitably caricatured vision of mortality with the potential to have adults and special young malcontents in stitches." A *Total Film* reviewer called it "a compellingly oddball tale that should eventually find its niche as a minor late-night cult classic for *Nightmare Before Christmas* fans," although called its themes of "suicide and spousal abuse" odd for a family film. Some critics called it one of the rare family flicks to appeal to adults as well as kids. In the words of a *Newsday* character, "the overall tenor of "Igor" is goofily funny — probably a bit sophisticated for kids but certainly good-natured," and "the animated characters possess an unusual depth of emotion." *The A.V. Club* labeled it an "appealing mix of macabre, reference-heavy horror-movie trappings and good-natured positivism," favorably comparing it to Burton's works for being "appealingly manic and cute as well as sick." A five-out-of-five review from *Dread Central* claimed, "The comedic timing is top notch with humor that is 95% mean spirited, often remarkably dark and at times even a little gory." Even a reviewer who found the film's concept conformist, Peter Bradshaw, wrote that it was made up for by its dark tone.

The inclusion of Louis Prima songs also garnered divided reactions; while appreciated by some reviewers to the point where one called it "the film’s best decision," others found it unfitting with Doyle's score. The soundtrack was ecstatically received by Hartlaub for its mixture of song styles.

## Home media

*Igor* was released to DVD, Blu-ray, and Amazon Prime in the United States and Canada on January 20, 2009; Wal-mart exclusively sold DVDs with memorabilia, toys, and a book of the film, and Best Buy sold them five-dollars off. The DVD includes deleted scenes, bloopers, and a featurette named *Be An Igor*; and Blu-ray includes those plus an alternate opening and commentary by Leondis, McKenna and Howard. The film ranked fourth in its opening weekend at the DVD sales chart, making $3,509,704 off 175,000 DVD units. As per the latest figures, 596,146 DVD units have been sold, translating to $11,739,919 in revenue. Internationally, the film was issued on Blu-ray in Germany on December 3, 2009 and Mexico in 2014. MGM later included *Igor* in two of its collections: a Blu-ray *Best of Family* collection released on February 4, 2014, and an *MGM 90th Anniversary* DVD set distributed on June 3, 2014. On September 1, 2019, *Igor* became available on Netflix.

## References

### Citations

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Bertet, Elsa (May 18, 2008). Cannes played part in ‘Igor’ toon. *Variety*. Retrieved on December 16, 2019.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 Moore, Tim (October 11, 2008). Igor: the magic formula. *The Daily Telegraph*. Retrieved on December 14, 2019.
3. ↑ Raugust, Karen (December 26, 2007). Big Ideas: Behind the Scenes of Studio Development. Retrieved on December 17, 2019.
4. ↑ Hetherington, Janet (December 29, 2006). What Makes An Animated Pitch Hit?. Retrieved on December 17, 2019.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Brian B. (September 7, 2004). Exodus Film to bring forth Igor. *MovieWeb*. Retrieved on December 19, 2019.
6. ↑ Fritz, Ben (May 30, 2005). Exodus to animation. *Variety*. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Ball, Ryan (November 3, 2005). Animation Vet Max Howard On Igor, Exodus and More. *Animation Magazine*. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Baisley, Sarah (March 4, 2005). Christian Slater To Voice Igor Short Film. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
9. ↑ Wanted: Rich Parent-Investors Whose Kids Watch Lots of Cartoon DVDs. *Los Angeles Business Journal* (October 31, 2005). Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
10. ↑ Baisley, Sarah (September 22, 2006). Exodus Film Group Signs Tony Leondis To Direct Igor. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 11.8 11.9 Hetherington, Jason (September 19, 2008). 'Igor': An Independent Spirit. *Animation World Network*. Retrieved on December 19, 2019.
12. ↑ Ball, Ryan (July 19, 2005). Buscemi, Cleese, Leno Join Exodus to Igor. *Animation Magazine*. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
13. ↑ DeMott, Rick (October 19, 2005). Jeremy Piven & Molly Shannon Join Igor. *Animation World Network*. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
14. ↑ Dodd, Stacy (January 10, 2007). Jay Leno, Jennifer Coolidge. *Variety*. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
15. ↑ Kit, Borys (March 28, 2007). Cusack finds 'Igor' voice with Hayes. *The Hollywood Reporter*. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Ball, Ryan (May 11, 2007). Exodus’ Igor Gets Book Deal. *Animation Magazine*. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
17. ↑ Goldstein, Gregg (July 26, 2007). Izzard replaces Piven in the 'Igor' lab. *The Hollywood Reporter*. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
18. ↑ Ball, Ryan (June 7, 2007). Exodus Taps Sparx for Igor. *Animation Magazine*. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 19.5 19.6 19.7 19.8 19.9 Template:Cite magazine
20. ↑ Child, Ben (November 19, 2008). Credit crunch forces animation studio to close Paris base. *The Guardian*. Retrieved on December 20, 2019.
21. ↑ Collura, Scott (April 20, 2008). NYCC 08: Igor Gets Animated. *IGN*. Retrieved on December 19, 2019.
22. ↑ "‘Kung Fu Panda’ leads Annie noms", *Variety*, December 1, 2008. Retrieved on July 27, 2015.
23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 'Harry Potter' composer on new monster movie. *CNN* (September 4, 2008). Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
24. ↑ Mohr, Ian (February 1, 2006). Weinsteins mad for ‘Igor’. *Variety*. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
25. ↑ Lumenick, Lou (September 21, 2008). Harvey Scissorhands Severs His Ties with ‘Igor’ — But Not Entirely. *New York Post*. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
26. ↑ Kay, Jeremy (June 5, 2006). TWC's CG-animated Igor is big seller at Cannes. *Screen Daily*. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
27. ↑ Looking ahead, categorically. *Los Angeles Times* (January 13, 2008). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 Igor Trailer Debuts at NYCC (April 21, 2008). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
29. ↑ Be An Igor (2008). Archived from the original on January 6, 2009. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
30. ↑ 'Igor' cartoon shows independent streak. *New York Daily News* (September 12, 2008). Retrieved on December 19, 2019.
31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 Sciretta, Peter (April 23, 2008). Igor Movie Poster. */Film*. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
32. ↑ Ball, Ryan (May 8, 2008). Igor Trailer Hits the Web. *Animation Magazine*. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 Billington, Alex (May 7, 2008). First Trailer for Animated Igor Movie. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
34. ↑ Curry, Neil (May 23, 2008). Behind the red carpet at Cannes. *CNN*. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
35. ↑ Exodus Film Group and "Igor" Join Forces With the "Against Malaria Foundation" and Malaria.com to Fight the Disease, One Bed Net at a Time (August 28, 2008). Retrieved on December 19, 2019.
36. ↑ Weintraub, Steve (September 15, 2008). 7 Movie Clips and the Trailer – IGOR. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
37. ↑ Ball, Ryan (June 20, 2007). Corgi in Igor’s Toy Lab. *Animation Magazine*. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
38. ↑ Neuwirth, Allan (July 26, 2007). Exodus Inks Comic Deal for Igor. *Animation Magazine*. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
39. ↑ Ball, Ryan (November 16, 2007). Carl’s Jr., Hardee’s in Igor’s Lab. *Animation Magazine*. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
40. ↑ DeMott, Rick (December 7, 2007). Exodus Enters Gaming Deal for Igor. Retrieved on December 17, 2019.
41. ↑ Ballard, Adam (December 22, 2008). Igor the Game Review. *IGN*. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
42. ↑ Aceinet (September 25, 2008). Igor Review – PC. Archived from the original on November 6, 2008. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
43. ↑ Edey, Brian (October 31, 2008). Igor: The Game. *GameFocus*. Archived from the original on October 5, 2009. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
44. ↑ Cowherd, Kevin (September 28, 2008). A winning 'red' carpet moment. *The Baltimore Sun*. Retrieved on December 19, 2019.
45. ↑ Igor (Taiwan). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
46. ↑ Igor (Philippines). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
47. ↑ Igor (Israel). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
48. ↑ Igor (United Kingdom). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
49. ↑ Igor (Greece). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
50. ↑ Igor (Malaysia). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
51. ↑ Igor (Qatar). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
52. ↑ Igor (United Arab Emirates). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
53. ↑ Igor (Iceland). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
54. ↑ Igor (Singapore). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
55. ↑ Igor (France). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
56. ↑ Igor (Kuwait). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
57. ↑ Igor (Lebanon). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
58. ↑ Igor (Australia). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
59. ↑ Igor (Oman). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
60. ↑ Igor (Bahrain). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
61. ↑ Igor (South Africa). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
62. ↑ Igor (Russia/CIS). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
63. ↑ Igor (Belgium). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
64. ↑ Igor (Egypt). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
65. ↑ Igor (Netherlands). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
66. ↑ Igor (Mexico). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
67. ↑ Igor (Turkey). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
68. ↑ Igor (Spain). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
69. ↑ Igor (Portugal). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
70. ↑ Igor (Peru). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
71. ↑ Igor (Brazil). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
72. ↑ Igor (Argentina). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
73. ↑ Igor (Chile). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
74. ↑ Igor (Uruguay). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
75. ↑ Igor (Bolivia). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
76. ↑ Igor (South Korea). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
77. ↑ Igor (Venezuela). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
78. ↑ Pandya, Gitesh (September 22, 2008). Box Office Guru Wrapup: Jackson Debuts Ahead of the Race. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
79. ↑ Pandya, Gitesh (September 18, 2008). *Lakeview Terrace, My Best Friend's Girl, Igor*, and *Ghost Town* battle for box office. *Rotten Tomatoes*. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
80. ↑ Box Office Weekend Gross from 9/17 to 9/19. Retrieved on September 19, 2008.
81. ↑ Top Opening Weekends By Month. *Box Office Mojo*. Retrieved on December 20, 2019.
82. ↑ Igor (2008). Retrieved on January 22, 2009.
83. ↑ Murray, Noel (January 18, 2009). Detective is game for spectral foe. *Los Angeles Times*. Retrieved on December 16, 2019.
84. ↑ 84.0 84.1 Quigley, Adam (January 20, 2009). This Week in DVD: Max Payne, Saw V, City of Ember, The Express, and More. */Film*. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
85. ↑ 'Igor' Trailer Proves Resistant to Cusack's Charms. *I Watch Stuff* (May 8, 2008). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
86. ↑ Syxx, Kryten (May 7, 2008). Switch Thrown on Igor Trailer. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
87. ↑ Parsons, Ryan (May 7, 2008). *Igor* Teaser Trailer. *CanMag*. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
88. ↑ Beck, Jerry (May 8, 2008). *Igor* and *Space Chimps*. *Cartoon Brew*. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
89. ↑ Ryan, Tim (September 18, 2008). Critics Consensus: *Lakeview Terrace* Isn't Sturdy; *Igor* Lacks Brains. *Rotten Tomatoes*. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
90. ↑ Igor (2008). Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
91. ↑ Critic Reviews for Igor. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
92. ↑ 92.0 92.1 Schembri, Jim (January 15, 2009). Igor. *The Age*. Archived from the original on March 20, 2009. Retrieved on December 14, 2019.
93. ↑ Savlov, Marc (September 26, 2008). Igor. *The Austin Chronicle*. Retrieved on December 14, 2019.
94. ↑ Lumenick, Lou (September 19, 2008). Going Hunchback to the Drawing Board. *New York Post*. Archived from the original on September 22, 2008. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
95. ↑ 95.0 95.1 95.2 Jandski, Vincent (September 20, 2008). Igor—Sweet on the Eyes, Tough on the Brain. *Wired*. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
96. ↑ Adams, Derek (October 16, 2008). Igor. *Time Out London*. Retrieved on December 14, 2019.
97. ↑ 97.0 97.1 97.2 Catsoulis, Jeannette (September 19, 2008). Igor. *The New York Times*. Retrieved on December 16, 2019.
98. ↑ Bell, Robert (February 4, 2009). Igor Tony Leondis. *Exclaim!*. Retrieved on December 19, 2019.
99. ↑ 99.0 99.1 99.2 Schager, Nick (September 18, 2008). Igor. *Slant Magazine*. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
100. ↑ 100.0 100.1 100.2 100.3 100.4 Franklin, Garth. Igor. *Dark Horizons*. Archived from the original on April 18, 2012. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
101. ↑ 101.0 101.1 Abele, Robert (September 19, 2008). 'Igor' and the nice monster. *Los Angeles Times*. Retrieved on December 16, 2019.
102. ↑ 102.0 102.1 Phillips, Michael (September 19, 2008). Igor. *Chicago Tribune*. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
103. ↑ 103.0 103.1 103.2 Hartlaub, Peter (September 19, 2008). Movie review: Pieces don't quite fit in 'Igor'. *San Francisco Chronicle*. Archived from the original on November 27, 2017. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
104. ↑ Lacey, Liam (September 19, 2008). A monster mishmash. *The Globe and Mail*. Archived from the original on September 24, 2008. Retrieved on December 19, 2019.
105. ↑ 105.0 105.1 Loder, Kurt (September 19, 2008). 'Igor': Calling All Monsters. Archived from the original on September 23, 2008. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
106. ↑ 106.0 106.1 Nicholson, Amy (September 17, 2008). Igor. *Inland Empire Weekly*. Archived from the original on November 27, 2017. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
107. ↑ 107.0 107.1 Gilchrist, Todd (September 18, 2008). Igor Review. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
108. ↑ 108.0 108.1 Demetrius, Mark (January 7, 2009). Igor (Film). *Filmink*. Archived from the original on October 7, 2009. Retrieved on December 14, 2019.
109. ↑ 109.0 109.1 Page, Janice (September 19, 2008). Doing the monster-movie mash. *Boston Globe*. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
110. ↑ Walker, Susan (September 19, 2008). Igor: Recycled from movies past. *Toronto Star*. Archived from the original on November 27, 2017. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
111. ↑ 111.0 111.1 Farber, Stephen (September 15, 2008). Igor. *The Hollywood Reporter*. Retrieved on December 16, 2019.
112. ↑ 112.0 112.1 112.2 112.3 Moore, Roger (September 17, 2008). Movie Review: Igor. *Orlando Sentinel*. Retrieved on December 15, 2019.
113. ↑ Markovitz, Adam (September 19, 2008). Igor. *Entertainment Weekly*. Retrieved on December 14, 2019.
114. ↑ Fox, Ken (2008). Igor. *TV Guide*. Archived from the original on May 24, 2015. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
115. ↑ 115.0 115.1 115.2 Hammond, Pete (September 19, 2008). Igor. *Boxoffice*. Archived from the original on September 21, 2008. Retrieved on December 14, 2019.
116. ↑ Paatsch, Leigh (2009). Igor. *The Daily Telegraph*. Archived from the original on January 31, 2009. Retrieved on December 14, 2019.
117. ↑ Schaefer, Stephen (September 19, 2008). Hunch is kids will love ‘Igor’. *Boston Herald*. Retrieved on December 14, 2019.
118. ↑ 118.0 118.1 118.2 118.3 Anderson, John (September 17, 2008). Igor. *Newsday*. Retrieved on December 17, 2019.
119. ↑ 119.0 119.1 Robinson, Tasha (September 18, 2008). Igor. *The A.V. Club*. Retrieved on December 17, 2019.
120. ↑ 120.0 120.1 120.2 Nomad (September 17, 2008). Igor (2008). Archived from the original on September 18, 2008. Retrieved on December 17, 2019.
121. ↑ 121.0 121.1 Igor Review (October 21, 2008). Retrieved on December 14, 2019.
122. ↑ French, Philip (October 18, 2008). Film review: Igor. *The Observer*. Retrieved on December 14, 2019.
123. ↑ Puig, Claudia (September 18, 2008). Inconsistent findings in 'Igor': Fun dialogue, repetitive jokes. *USA Today*. Retrieved on December 17, 2019.
124. ↑ Cockrell, Eddie (January 10, 2009). Better the evil you know. *The Sydney Morning Herald*. Retrieved on December 14, 2019.
125. ↑ Bradshaw, Peter (October 16, 2008). Film review: Igor. *The Guardian*. Retrieved on December 14, 2019.
126. ↑ Igor DVD Release Date January 20, 2009. Retrieved on December 17, 2019.
127. ↑ Igor DVD Release Date January 20, 2009 (Canada). Retrieved on December 17, 2019.
128. ↑ Igor Blu-ray Release Date January 20, 2009. Retrieved on December 17, 2019.
129. ↑ Igor Blu-ray Release Date January 20, 2009 (Canada). Retrieved on December 17, 2019.
130. ↑ Igor Prime Release Date January 20, 2009. Retrieved on December 17, 2019.
131. ↑ Igor DVD Release Date January 20, 2009 (Wal-Mart Exclusive). Retrieved on December 17, 2019.
132. ↑ Miska, Brad (November 20, 2008). MGM announces 'Igor' DVD and Blu-ray. Retrieved on December 18, 2019.
133. ↑ Igor (2008) - Financial Information.
134. ↑ Igor Blu-ray Release Date December 3, 2009 (Germany). Retrieved on December 17, 2019.
135. ↑ Igor Blu-ray (Mexico). Retrieved on December 17, 2019.
136. ↑ MGM Best of Family Collection Blu-ray Release Date February 4, 2014 (The Greatest Story Ever Told / Chitty Chitty Bang Bang / Fiddler on the Roof / The Black Stallion / The Secret of NIMH / All Dogs Go to Heaven / The Pebble and the Penguin / All Dogs Go to Heaven 2 / Igor). Retrieved on December 17, 2019.
137. ↑ MGM 90th Anniversary Edition DVD Release Date June 3, 2014 (All Dogs Go to Heaven / Igor / The Pebble & Penguin). Retrieved on December 17, 2019.
138. ↑ Day, Debbie (August 27, 2019). New on Netflix in September 2019: New Movies, TV Shows, Netflix Original Series. Retrieved on December 19, 2019.

### Bibliography

* Igor Production Notes (2008). Archived from the original on July 5, 2009. Retrieved on December 17, 2019.
* Template:Cite magazine

## External links

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* Template:Official
* *Igor* at the Internet Movie Database
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* Template:Mojo title
* Template:Rotten Tomatoes
* Template:Metacritic film