Heraldic authority

## Introduction

Heraldry, a system of visual identification based on the use of symbols and emblems, has been a significant aspect of European culture for centuries. The regulation and control of heraldic practices fall under the purview of heraldic authorities. These entities ensure that heraldic symbols and devices are used in accordance with established rules, preserving the integrity of the system.

## Historical context

Heraldry is a system of visual identification that primarily involves the use of symbols, colors, and devices, especially coats of arms, to represent individuals, families, institutions, and territories. The origin of heraldry can be traced back to medieval Europe, where knights used distinctive symbols on their shields to identify themselves in battle. Over time, heraldic traditions evolved and extended to various aspects of society, including the aristocracy, the church, and civic organizations.

## Role and functions

Heraldic authorities serve as official bodies responsible for overseeing the proper use of heraldic symbols and ensuring adherence to established rules and traditions. They fulfill several key functions:

### Regulation

Heraldic authorities establish and enforce rules governing the design, use, and registration of coats of arms, flags, and other heraldic emblems. These regulations are intended to maintain the uniqueness and historical accuracy of heraldic symbols.

### Record-Keeping

Heraldic authorities maintain official records of coats of arms and their bearers, a practice dating back to medieval heralds who kept extensive rolls of arms. These records facilitate the identification and verification of heraldic symbols and their rightful bearers.

### Adjudication

In cases of disputes or infringements related to heraldic symbols, heraldic authorities may act as arbiters and make determinations on the legitimate use of coats of arms or other heraldic elements.

### Consultation

Individuals and organizations often seek guidance and expertise from heraldic authorities when creating or modifying heraldic symbols. These authorities provide advice to ensure the compliance of new designs with established heraldic traditions.

## Heraldic Authorities Worldwide

Heraldic authorities exist in various countries, each with its own system and set of regulations. Some of the prominent heraldic authorities include:

### College of Arms (England):

Established in the 15th century, the College of Arms is the heraldic authority for England, Wales, Northern Ireland, and some Commonwealth nations. It grants and regulates coats of arms and maintains the official records of arms and pedigrees.

### Court of the Lord Lyon (Scotland)

The Court of the Lord Lyon, based in Edinburgh, is responsible for heraldic matters in Scotland. It grants arms, ensures their proper use, and maintains the Public Register of All Arms and Bearings in Scotland.

### Canadian Heraldic Authority (Canada)

Created in 1988, this authority regulates heraldry in Canada and grants arms to deserving individuals and organizations. It maintains the Public Register of Arms, Flags, and Badges of Canada.

### The Chief Herald of Ireland (Ireland)

Responsible for heraldic matters in Ireland, the Chief Herald grants arms and maintains the Register of Arms and Bearings in Ireland.