Full List of All Skills on Afficient English

**2nd grade:**

Chapter 1: Using Evidence to Ask and Answer Questions

* 1.1 Knowing the Different Types of Stories
* 1.2 Asking Important Questions about Stories
* 1.3 Finding the Answers to Important Questions in Stories
* 1.4 Finding Evidence in Stories
* 1.5 Answering Questions in Complete Sentences
* 1.6 Giving Evidence in Complete Sentences
* 1.7 Using Common, Proper, and Possessive Nouns
* 1.8 Knowing How to Spell Digraphs
* 1.9 Capitalizing Names and Dates
* 1.10 Reading Words with Short Vowel Sounds
* 1.11 Using Nonfiction Text Tools
* 1.12 Asking Important Questions about Nonfiction Texts
* 1.13 Answering Important Questions about Nonfiction Texts
* 1.14 Giving Evidence for Important Questions about Nonfiction Texts

Chapter 2: Parts of a Story

* 2.1 Knowing the Parts of a Story
* 2.2 Finding Important Details in Stories
* 2.3 Finding the Main Topic of a Nonfiction Text
* 2.4 Finding the Topic of a Paragraph in a Nonfiction Text
* 2.5 Use Collective Nouns
* 2.6 Capitalize Holidays, Brands, and Places
* 2.7 Know Long Vowel Patterns
* 2.8 Choosing a Writing Topic
* 2.9 Telling a Story from Beginning to End
* 2.10 Showing Actions and Feelings in Writing

Chapter 3: Reading and Retelling

* 3.1 Retelling Stories
* 3.2 Finding the Plot of a Story
* 3.3 Finding Important Details in Nonfiction Texts
* 3.4 Using Different Kinds of Pictures in Nonfiction Texts
* 3.5 Using Regular Singular and Plural Nouns
* 3.6 Using Irregular Singular and Plural Nouns
* 3.7 Use Punctuation Marks for Sentences
* 3.8 Read Short and Long Vowel Sounds
* 3.9 Showing Characters’ Thoughts in Writing
* 3.10 Using Time Order Words in Stories

Chapter 4: Impact

* 4.1 Figuring Out Characters in Stories
* 4.2 Finding How Characters Affect Each Other
* 4.3 Understanding Ideas About Science
* 4.4 Finding Cause and Effect in Nonfiction
* 4.5 Use Commas in Letters
* 4.6 Use Prefixes
* 4.7 Read New Vowel Sounds
* 4.8 Knowing Who Your Story Is About
* 4.9 Using Your Five Senses to Describe

Chapter 5: Sequencing and Order

* 5.1 Finding Cause and Effect in Stories
* 5.2 Finding the Order of Events in a Story
* 5.3 Finding the Order of Events in a Nonfiction Text
* 5.4 Using Pronouns
* 5.5 Using Indefinite Pronouns
* 5.6 Use Commas in Dates and Lists
* 5.7 Including Important Facts in Teaching Articles
* 5.8 Writing a Topic Sentence for a Teaching Article

Chapter 6: Definitions and Details

* 6.1 Understanding Poetry
* 6.2 Understanding a Process in Order
* 6.3 Finding New Words
* 6.4 Making Connections
* 6.5 Use Reflexive Pronouns
* 6.6 Figure Out Compound Words
* 6.7 Use Contractions
* 6.8 Including Definitions in Teaching Articles
* 6.9 Writing Concluding Sentences for Teaching Articles

Chapter 7: Different forms of text

* 7.1 Understanding Rhythm in Poetry
* 7.2 Finding the Lesson of a Story
* 7.3 Retelling Important Details from Nonfiction Texts
* 7.4 Use Verb Tenses
* 7.5 Use Suffixes
* 7.6 Count Syllables in Words
* 7.7 Make Subjects and Verbs Agree
* 7.8 Understand Different Types of Writing

Chapter 8: Point-of-View and Purpose

* 8.1 Finding Who is Telling the Story
* 8.2 Finding Characters’ Opinions
* 8.3 Finding the Author’s Purpose
* 8.4 Use ABC Order to Find Words in a Dictionary
* 8.5 Read Words with Ending Sounds
* 8.6 Form Irregular Past Tense Verbs
* 8.7 Choosing an Opinion for an Opinion Article
* 8.8 Writing a Topic Sentence for an Opinion Article

Chapter 9: Using Opinion in a Story

* 9.1 Find the Type of Problem in a Story
* 9.2 Finding How the Character Changes
* 9.3 Finding the Reasons the Author Uses to Support an Opinion
* 9.4 Use Drawings to Understand the Story
* 9.5 Understanding Adjectives
* 9.6 Understanding Adjectives and Adverbs
* 9.7 Use Unique Verbs and Adjectives
* 9.8 Giving Reasons to Prove an Opinion
* 9.9 Using Connecting Words in Opinion Articles
* 9.10 Writing a Concluding Sentence for an Opinion Article

Chapter 10: Making Changes to Writing

* 10.1 Using Text Tools at the Beginning and End of Nonfiction Texts
* 10.2 Compare Two Nonfiction Texts
* 10.3 Use Conjunctions
* 10.4 Find Definitions Using Dictionaries and Glossaries
* 10.5 Read Letters That Make More Than One Sound
* 10.6 Revising Writing
* 10.7 Editing Writing

Chapter 11: Comparing and Researching

* 11.1 Comparing Two Similar Folktales
* 11.2 Understanding Sentences
* 11.3 Use Articles and Pointer Words
* 11.4 Use Prepositions
* 11.5 Using Different Types of Sentences
* 11.6 Read Sight Words
* 11.7 Asking Questions for a Research Article
* 11.8 Finding Texts for a Research Article

**3rd grade:**

Chapter 1: Using Evidence to Ask and Answer Questions

* 1.1 Knowing the Different Types of Fiction
* 1.2 Reading Between the Lines
* 1.3 Finding Evidence in Fiction to Answer Questions
* 1.4 Answering Questions by Explaining Evidence from Fiction
* 1.5 Capitalizing Titles
* 1.6 Using Prefixes to Find Meaning
* 1.7 Explaining the Jobs of Different Parts of Speech
* 1.8 Planning Writing

Chapter 2: Parts of a Text

* 2.1 Knowing the Parts of a Story
* 2.2 Finding the Plot of a Story/li>
* 2.3 Finding Evidence in Nonfiction Texts to Answer Questions
* 2.4 Answering Questions by Explaining Evidence from Nonfiction Texts
* 2.5 Using Regular Plural Nouns
* 2.6 Using Irregular Plural Nouns
* 2.7 Writing a Catchy Lead for a Story
* 2.8 Writing a Story with a Point of View

Chapter 3: Messages, Morals, and Main Ideas

* 3.1 Retelling Stories
* 3.2 Finding the Lesson or Moral of a Story/li>
* 3.3 Using Nonfiction Text Features
* 3.4 Finding the Main Topic and Main Idea of a Teaching Article
* 3.5 Using Abstract Nouns
* 3.6 Reading Latin Suffixes
* 3.7 Using Dialogue and Thoughts to Show Instead of Tell
* 3.8 Using Action and Description To Show Instead of Tell

Chapter 4: Plot and Characters

* 4.1 Finding the Key Details in a Nonfiction Text
* 4.2 Describing Characters and How They Impact a Story
* 4.3 Finding Characters’ Perspectives
* 4.4 Using Action, Linking, and Helping Verbs
* 4.5 Using Irregular Verbs
* 4.6 Reading Words with Two or More Syllables
* 4.7 Showing Time Order
* 4.8 Writing a Satisfying Ending

Chapter 5: All About Relationships

* 5.1 Finding how Different Characters Impact Each Other in a Story
* 5.2 Finding the Type of Conflict in a Story
* 5.3 Finding how Characters Change
* 5.4 Using Verb Tenses
* 5.5 Adding Suffixes to Base Words
* 5.6 Reading Sight Words with Two or More Syllables
* 5.7 Including Facts and Examples in Teaching Articles
* 5.8 Writing a Hook and a Topic Sentence for a Teaching Article

Chapter 6: All About Language

* 6.1 Finding and Understanding Similes and Metaphors
* 6.2 Finding and Understanding Personification and Hyperbole
* 6.3. Using Context Clues
* 6.4 Using Commas in Addresses
* 6.5 Using Commas and Quotation Marks in Dialogue
* 6.6 Using Spelling Patterns for Words
* 6.7 Using Connecting Phrases for Teaching Articles
* 6.8 Writing a Conclusion for a Teaching Article

Chapter 7: Parts in Poetry and Drama

* 7.1 Understanding Poetry and Onomatopoeia
* 7.2 Finding Parts of a Drama
* 7.3 Finding How Teaching Articles Are Organized
* 7.4 Using Key Details to Explain the Main Idea of a Teaching Article
* 7.5 Using Suffixes to Find Meaning
* 7.6 Using Roots to Find Meaning
* 7.7 Using Possessives
* 7.8 Using Homophones

Chapter 8: Different Types of Fiction

* 8.1 Explaining the Differences Between Types of Fiction
* 8.2 Explaining How Parts of Fiction Are Connected
* 8.3 Finding the Author’s Purpose and Important Details in Nonfiction Texts
* 8.4 Using Conjunctions
* 8.5 Using Adjectives and Adverbs that Compare
* 8.6 Giving Reasons to Prove Your Opinion
* 8.7 Writing a Hook and Topic Sentence for an Opinion Article

Chapter 9: Images in Text

* 9.1 Using Illustrations to Understand a Story
* 9.2 Using Illustration to Understand Mood
* 9.3 Understanding Image Tools in Nonfiction Texts
* 9.4 Making Subjects and Verbs Agree in Sentences
* 9.5 Making Nouns and Pronouns Agree in Sentences
* 9.6 Using Connecting Phrases in Opinion Articles
* 9.7 Writing a Conclusion for an Opinion Article

Chapter 10: Point of View and Perspective

* 10.1 Finding the Point of View in a Story
* 10.2 Comparing Your Own Perspective to Characters’ Perspectives in a Story
* 10.3 Understanding Idioms
* 10.4 Writing Simple, Compound, and Complex Sentences
* 10.5 Using Specific Verbs and Adjectives
* 10.6 Using Perspective in Fiction Writing
* 10.7 Using Perspective in Nonfiction Writing

Chapter 11: Reasoning and Proving

* 11.1 Finding an Opinion and the Reasons that Support it
* 11.2 Developing Your Own Opinion about a Topic
* 11.3 Using Search Tools to Find Information
* 11.4 Using Dictionaries to Find Different Spellings and Meanings of Words
* 11.5 Revising Writing
* 11.6 Editing Writing
* 11.7 Creating a Main Idea and Research Questions for a Research Article
* 11.8 Finding Good Sources for Your Topic

Chapter 12: Making Comparisons

* 12.1 Comparing Details from Two Stories
* 12.2 Comparing the Lesson from Two Stories
* 12.3 Comparing Key Details in Two Articles on the Same Topic
* 12.4 Taking Notes for Research Articles
* 12.5 Sorting Notes for a Research Article
* 12.6 Using Notes to Write Paragraphs
* 12.7 Writing a Topic and Concluding Sentence for Research Articles

**4th grade:**

Chapter 1: What is in a Story?

* 1.1 Finding the Main Events in Fiction
* 1.2 Finding the Plot Elements in Fiction
* 1.3 Finding the Central Lessons in Fiction
* 1.4 Summarizing a Story
* 1.5 Using Proper Capitalization
* 1.6 Planning Out Your Writing
* 1.7 Writing Leads Using Dialogue in Stories

Chapter 2: How do we Think About a Story?

* 2.1 Making Inferences in Fiction
* 2.2 Choosing Evidence that Supports an Inference
* 2.3 Explaining Evidence That Supports an Inference
* 2.4 Understand the Setting of a Fantasy Story
* 2.5 Writing a Fantasy Story with Fantastical Elements
* 2.6 Exploding the Climax in Stories
* 2.7 Using Subtle Time Transitions in Stories

Chapter 3: What do Writers do to Make Stories Interesting?

* 3.1 Determining How a Story’s Setting Shows Mood
* 3.2 Finding and Explaining How Flashbacks Are Used in Fiction
* 3.3 Finding and Explaining How Foreshadowing Is Used in Fiction
* 3.4 Using Context Clues to Determine the Meaning of Unknown Words
* 3.5 Using Relative Adverbs
* 3.6 Using Relative Pronouns
* 3.7 Using Figurative Language in Stories
* 3.8 Writing Satisfying Story Endings Using Dialogue

Chapter 4: How do we Make Sense of Nonfiction?

* 4.1 Examining the Structure of Nonfiction Texts
* 4.2 Using Inferences to Determine the Cause of Events
* 4.3 Understanding Visual Information in Nonfiction Texts
* 4.4 Ordering Adjectives
* 4.5 Using the Progressive Form of a Verb
* 4.6 Writing Reading Responses for Fiction Texts
* 4.7 Writing Reading Responses for Nonfiction Texts

Chapter 5: How is a Nonfiction Text Put Together?

* 5.1 Finding the Main Idea of Nonfiction Texts
* 5.2 Finding the Key Details of Nonfiction Texts
* 5.3 Summarizing Nonfiction Texts
* 5.4 Using Prepositional Phrases
* 5.5 Using Correct Punctuation in Quotations
* 5.6 Writing an Introductory Paragraph for Teaching Articles
* 5.7 Using Subheadings and Quotations from Texts in Teaching Articles

Chapter 6: How do we Think About Nonfiction Sources?

* 6.1 Identifying Primary and Secondary Sources
* 6.2 Comparing Primary and Secondary Sources
* 6.3 Blending Information from Multiple Sources
* 6.4 Identifying Different Kinds of Sentences
* 6.5 Identifying Run-on Sentences and Sentence Fragments
* 6.6 Using Connecting Phrases in Teaching Articles
* 6.7 Using Subject-specific Vocabulary in Teaching Articles
* 6.8 Writing a Concluding Paragraph for a Teaching Article

Chapter 7: How do Authors Persuade Readers?

* 7.1 Explaining How Reasons Support Opinions in Opinion Articles
* 7.2 Explaining How Evidence Supports Reasons in Opinion Articles
* 7.3 Using Commas Before Coordinating Conjunctions
* 7.4 Using Modal Verbs
* 7.5 Using the “I” Before “E” Spelling Rule
* 7.6 Giving Reasons and Quoted Evidence to Support an Opinion
* 7.7 Writing a Hook and Topic Sentence for an Opinion Article

Chapter 8: What Makes Characters Interesting?

* 8.1 Finding Patterns in Characters That Show Personality
* 8.2 Finding Out-of-Character Behavior to Understand Plot and Characters
* 8.3 Understanding Perspectives in Alternating Perspective Stories
* 8.4 Finding and Understanding Point of View in Stories
* 8.5 Using Homophones Correctly
* 8.6 Using Frequently Confused Words Correctly
* 8.7 Using Connecting Phrases in Opinion Articles
* 8.8 Writing Concluding Sentences in Opinion Articles

Chapter 9: What are Some Different Types of Literature?

* 9.1 Identifying Key Elements of Drama
* 9.2 Identifying and Understanding Meter and Verse in Poetry
* 9.3 Using Synonyms
* 9.4 Using Antonyms
* 9.5 Deciding on a Main Idea and Important Questions for Research
* 9.6 Finding Good Website Sources for Research

Chapter 10: How Does the Conflict Drive the Story?

* 10.1 Understanding How Conflicts in Stories Point to the Lesson
* 10.2 Identifying Protagonists and Antagonists in Stories
* 10.3 Understanding Symbolism
* 10.4 Understanding Word Connotations
* 10.5 Using a Thesaurus
* 10.6 Taking Notes from Websites for Research Articles
* 10.7 Sorting Research Notes into Subtopics

Chapter 11: What is the Point of this Story?

* 11.1 Finding the Theme Based on Character Changes and Mistakes
* 11.2 Finding the Theme Based on Symbols
* 11.3 Finding the Theme Based on “AHA Moments”
* 11.4 Comparing and Contrasting Themes in Myths
* 11.5 Identifying Greek and Latin Affixes
* 11.6 Writing Body Paragraphs for a Research Article
* 11.7 Writing an Introduction and Conclusion for a Research Article

Chapter 12: Why are Words Important?

* 12.1 Understanding the Meaning of Words that Refer to Mythological Characters
* 12.2 Understanding Adages and Proverbs
* 12.3 Identifying Greek and Latin Roots
* 12.4 Revising Writing
* 12.5 Editing Writing
* 12.6 Writing a Correctly Formatted Bibliography
* 12.7 Using Basic Tools in Microsoft Word and Google Docs

**5th grade:**

Chapter 1: Fiction

* 1.1 Summarizing a Fiction Story
* 1.2 Writing a Fiction Reading Response with a Given Question
* 1.3 Writing a Fiction Reading Response with a Self-Created Question
* 1.4 Explaining the Use of Conjunctions, Prepositions, and Interjections in Sentences
* 1.5 Forming Regular and Irregular Past Participles
* 1.6 Writing an Introduction for Teaching Articles Using a Quote or Statistics

Chapter 2: Nonfiction

* 2.1 Summarizing a Nonfiction Text
* 2.2 Writing a Nonfiction Reading Response with a Given Question
* 2.3 Writing a Nonfiction Reading Response with a Self-Created Question
* 2.4 Using the Perfect Form of Verbs
* 2.5 Using Verb Tense to Convey Time, Sequence, State, and Condition√
* 2.6 Creating a Well-Balanced Teaching Article
* 2.7 Writing a Conclusion for Teaching Articles that Includes Quotations or Facts

Chapter 3: Perspective and Purpose

* 3.1 Analyzing Author’s Choice of Words
* 3.2 Analyzing the Author’s Purpose
* 3.3 Analyzing the Author’s Perspective
* 3.4 Finding and Changing Incorrect Verb Tense
* 3.5 Finding Reasons and Evidence for Opinion Articles
* 3.6 Writing an Introductory Paragraph for Opinion Articles

Chapter 4: Historical Fiction

* 4.1 Identifying the Elements of Historical Fiction Texts
* 4.2 Building Background Knowledge for Historical Fiction Texts
* 4.3 Analyzing Historical Fiction Texts
* 4.4 Identifying Biographies and Autobiographies
* 4.5 Using Commas and Semicolons in a Series
* 4.6 Explaining Evidence and Why It’s Important in Opinion Articles
* 4.7 Writing Concluding Paragraphs for Opinion Articles

Chapter 5: Power Struggles and Social Issues

* 5.1 Examining Power Struggles in Historical Texts
* 5.2 Examining Power Struggles in Historical Fiction
* 5.3 Analyzing Social Issues in Fiction
* 5.4 Identifying Adverbs in Sentences
* 5.5 Understanding Direct and Indirect Objects
* 5.6 Including Historical Facts in a Historical Fiction Story
* 5.7 Writing Leads Using Thoughts and Feelings

Chapter 6: Affect and Effect

* 6.1 Analyzing How External Forces Affect Characters in Fiction
* 6.2 Analyzing the Role of Minor Characters in Fiction
* 6.3 Analyzing Why Authors Choose Specific Character Perspectives in Fiction
* 6.4 Using a Comma to Separate Tags
* 6.5 Using a Comma to Separate Introductory Words or Phrases
* 6.6 Writing Leads Using a Flashback
* 6.7 Including Symbolism in Fiction Stories

Chapter 7: Tools in Fiction

* 7.1 Analyzing the Use of Symbolism in Fiction Texts
* 7.2 Analyzing the Use of Foreshadowing in Fiction Texts
* 7.3 Using Correlative Conjunctions
* 7.4 unctuating Titles Correctly
* 7.5 Finding and Understanding Point of View in Stories
* 7.6 Writing a Circular Ending for Fiction Stories
* 7.7 Including Foreshadowing in Fiction Stories

Chapter 8: Theme

* 8.1 Tracking and Refining Themes Throughout a Text
* 8.2 Analyzing How Character Choices and Actions Connect to the Theme
* 8.3 Identifying Simple and Complete Subjects and Predicates
* 8.4 Expanding, Combining, and Reducing Sentences
* 8.5 Understanding Science Experiment Terms
* 8.6 Finding a Topic and Completing Research for a Science Report

Chapter 9: Comparing Themes

* 9.1 Connecting Social Issues to Theme in Fiction
* 9.2 Analyzing How the Author’s Choices Reveal the Possible Themes in Fiction
* 9.3 Comparing and Contrasting Common Themes in Different Fiction Texts
* 9.4 Finding and Correcting Double Negatives
* 9.5 Designing a Science Experiment
* 9.6 Writing an Introduction to Your Science Report

Chapter 10: Images and Bias

* 10.1 Examining How Chosen Visuals Reveal Bias
* 10.2 Examining How Advertisements Are Used to Influence an Audience
* 10.3 Examining How Videos Are Used to Influence an Audience
* 10.4 Understanding Synonym and Antonym Analogies
* 10.5 Understanding Pronunciation Keys in Dictionaries
* 10.6 Writing the Purpose and Hypothesis for Your Science Report
* 10.7 Writing the Materials List and Procedure for Your Science Report

Chapter 11: Analyzing Images

* 11.1 Analyzing Visual Elements in Nonfiction Texts
* 11.2 Analyzing Visual Elements in Fiction Texts
* 11.3 Using Grade Appropriate Greek and Latin Roots
* 11.4 Using Grade Appropriate Greek and Latin Affixes
* 11.5 Presenting Your Data for Your Science Report
* 11.6 Explaining Results and Writing a Conclusion for Your Science Report

Chapter 12: Structure and Language

* 12.1 Analyzing Figurative Language in Fiction Texts
* 12.2 Explaining How Scenes and Chapters in Fiction Texts Provide Structure for Events
* 12.3 Understanding Homographs
* 12.4 Revising Writing
* 12.5 Editing Writing
* 12.6 Writing a Correctly Formatted Bibliography
* 12.7 Using Slideshows to Present Your Ideas

**6th grade:**

Chapter 1: Reading and Researching Nonfiction Texts

* 1.1 Understanding Ancient History
* 1.2 Determining the Central Idea in Nonfiction Texts and Research Topics
* 1.3 Using Nonfiction Text Structures to Anticipate the Central Idea
* 1.4 Asking Questions to Guide Research
* 1.5 Taking Notes on Nonfiction Texts
* 1.6 Outlining a Nonfiction Essay
* 1.7 Selecting Quotations from Nonfiction Texts

Chapter 2: Writing Nonfiction Essays

* 2.1 Introducing the Central Idea for a Nonfiction Essay
* 2.2 Emphasizing Important Facts in the Body of a Nonfiction Essay
* 2.3 Framing Evidence in a Nonfiction Essay
* 2.4 Citing Sources in a Nonfiction Essay
* 2.5 Including Text Features in a Nonfiction Essay
* 2.6 Using Expert Vocabulary in a Nonfiction Essay to Maintain a Formal Style
* 2.7 Writing a Conclusion for a Nonfiction Essay

Chapter 3: Revising and Editing Nonfiction Essays

* 3.1 Using Revision Strategies for a Nonfiction Essay
* 3.2 Revision Strategies: Refining Paragraph Structure in Nonfiction
* 3.3 Editing Strategies: Making Sentences More Complex
* 3.4 Editing Strategies: Finding and Correcting Sentence Fragments
* 3.5 Editing Strategies: Editing through a Lens of Sentence Structure and Rhythm
* 3.6 Editing Strategies: Checking Spelling
* 3.7 Using Editing Strategies for Essays

Chapter 4: Revising and Editing Nonfiction Essays

* 4.1 Analyzing Character Traits of Complex Characters
* 4.2 Analyzing Characters’ Relationships with Other Characters
* 4.3 Analyzing Changes, Conflicts, and External Forces to Determine Character Traits
* 4.4 Analyzing Social Issues and Power in Fiction
* 4.5 Determining the Overall Tone of Fiction Texts
* 4.6 Differentiating Mood and Tone in Texts
* 4.7 Using the Connotation of Words in Literary Analysis

Chapter 5: Writing Literary Analysis Essays

* 5.1 Developing Your Analysis of Fiction Texts
* 5.2 Structuring a Thesis and Reasons for a Literary Analysis Essay
* 5.3 Finding Evidence for a Literary Analysis Essay
* 5.4 Framing Evidence for a Literary Analysis Essay with a Summary
* 5.5 Explaining Evidence for a Literary Analysis Essay
* 5.6 Transitioning in a Literary Analysis Essay

Chapter 6: Revising and Editing Literary Analysis Essays

* 6.1 Writing an Introduction for a Literary Analysis Essay
* 6.2 Writing a Conclusion for a Literary Analysis Essay
* 6.3 Using a Formal Style in a Literary Analysis Essay
* 6.4 Using Revision Strategies for a Literary Analysis Essay
* 6.5 Editing Strategy: Using the Correct Form of Pronouns
* 6.6 Editing Strategy: Using the Correct Form of Intensive Pronouns
* 6.7 Editing Strategy: Correcting Improper Shifts in Pronouns

Chapter 7: Comparing and Contrasting

* 7.1 Analyzing Themes through Character Lessons
* 7.2 Comparing Social Issues in Texts
* 7.3 Comparing Themes in Texts of Different Genres or Formats
* 7.4 Finding Evidence for a Compare and Contrast Essay
* 7.5 Writing Comparing and Contrasting Essays
* 7.6 Editing Strategy: Correcting Vague Pronouns
* 7.7 Editing Strategies: Using Parentheses, Dashes, or Commas Properly

Chapter 8: Analyzing Nonfiction Texts

* 8.1 Synthesizing Information from Multiple Texts
* 8.2 Summarizing Nonfiction Texts
* 8.3 Analyzing the Tone of Nonfiction Texts
* 8.4 Analyzing the Author’s Perspective
* 8.5 Evaluating the Evidence of a Nonfiction Source
* 8.6 Using Greek and Latin Affixes and Roots

Chapter 9: Writing Opinion Essays

* 9.1 Forming an Opinion for an Opinion Essay
* 9.2 Structuring a Thesis for an Opinion Essay
* 9.3 Finding Evidence for an Opinion Essay
* 9.4 Framing Evidence for an Opinion Essay
* 9.5 Writing an Introduction for an Opinion Essay
* 9.6 Writing a Conclusion for an Opinion Essay
* 9.7 Using Revision Strategies for an Opinion Essay

Chapter 10: Writing as a Reader

* 10.1 Examining the Structure of Fiction and the Unfolding of the Plot as a Writer
* 10.2 Reading Fiction Like a Writer
* 10.3 Analyzing as a Writer How Authors Develop Themes
* 10.4 Selecting Personal Narrative Topics
* 10.5 Outlining a Personal Narrative Story
* 10.6 Developing Character Personalities for a Personal Narrative Story
* 10.7 Focusing the Narrator’s Point of View in a Personal Narrative Story

Chapter 11: Writing Personal Narratives

* 11.1 Writing the Lead for a Personal Narrative Story
* 11.2 Using Narrative Techniques to Direct the Reader’s Attention to the Central Idea of the Personal Narrative Story
* 11.3 Building the Tension and Developing the Tone in a Personal Narrative Story
* 11.4 Incorporating Figurative Language into a Personal Narrative Story
* 11.5 Ending a Personal Narrative Story
* 11.6 Revision Strategies: Refining Paragraph Structure in Fiction
* 11.7 Using Revision Strategies for a Personal Narrative Story

Chapter 12: The Power of Words and Information

* 12.1 Exploring Types of Poetry
* 12.2 Exploring the Power of Poetry
* 12.3 Writing Poetry
* 12.4 Using Revision Strategies for Poetry
* 12.5 Completing Cause/Effect, Part/Whole, and Item/Category Analogies
* 12.6 Using Atlases, Encyclopedias, and Almanacs
* 12.7 Navigating a Library

**7th grade:**

Chapter 1: Reading and Researching Nonfiction Texts

* 1.1 Understanding the Medieval and Early Modern Age
* 1.2 Using Nonfiction Text Structures to Determine Meaning
* 1.3 Using Nonfiction Text Features to Determine Meaning
* 1.4 Analyzing Connections Between Ideas, Individuals, and Events
* 1.5 Using Note Taking Strategies to Capture Meaning
* 1.6 Synthesizing and Summarizing Nonfiction Texts

Chapter 2: Analyzing Nonfiction Texts

* 2.1 Determining Author’s Purpose
* 2.2 Assessing Accuracy and Validity of Texts
* 2.3 Using Context and Connotation to Determine Meaning and Tone
* 2.4 Assessing Author’s Perspective and Tone in Texts
* 2.5 Preparing Oral Reports
* 2.6 Presenting Oral Reports

Chapter 3: Analyzing Historical Fiction

* 3.1 Researching to Support Reading of Historical Fiction Texts
* 3.2 Analyzing Setting in Historical Fiction Texts
* 3.3 Analyzing Characters and Their Perspectives in Historical Fiction Texts
* 3.4 Analyzing Tone in Historical Fiction Texts
* 3.5 Analyzing How Various Literary Elements Affect Each Other
* 3.6 Understanding Irony in Literature
* 3.7 Understanding Paradox and Sarcasm in Literature

Chapter 4: Analyzing Themes in Literature

* 4.1 Analyzing Symbolism to Determine Themes
* 4.2 Analyzing Motifs to Determine Themes
* 4.3 Analyzing Literary Elements Again after Reading to Refine Theme Statements
* 4.4 Understanding Phrases
* 4.5 Understanding Dependent and Independent Clauses
* 4.6 Identifying the Important Parts of Sentences

Chapter 5: Outlining Literary Analysis Essays

* 5.1 Formulating a Thesis for a Literary Analysis Essay
* 5.2 Drafting Strong Arguments and Evidence for a Literary Analysis Essay
* 5.3 Explaining Evidence for a Literary Analysis Essay
* 5.4 Using Different Types of Sentences
* 5.5 Identifying Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers
* 5.6 Using Commas to Separate Coordinate Adjectives

Chapter 6: Writing Literary Analysis Essays

* 6.1 Summarizing Plots in a Literary Analysis Essay
* 6.2 Writing an Introduction for a Literary Analysis Essay
* 6.3 Establishing a Formal Tone in a Literary Analysis Essay
* 6.4 Writing a Conclusion for a Literary Analysis Essay
* 6.5 Revising Literary Analysis Essays
* 6.6 Editing Literary Analysis Essays

Chapter 7: Informational Articles in a Journalistic Style

* 7.1 Recognizing the Difference Between Informational and Journalistic Writing
* 7.2 Researching Current Events for Journalistic Articles
* 7.3 Writing the Body of a Journalistic Article
* 7.4 Establishing a Journalistic Tone in an Article
* 7.5 Using Narrative Writing Techniques to Begin a Journalistic Article
* 7.6 Completing Journalistic Articles with the Finishing Touches

Chapter 8: Comparing and Contrasting

* 8.1 Analyzing Multimedia Versions of Fiction Texts
* 8.2 Analyzing Multimedia Versions of Nonfiction Texts
* 8.3 Comparing and Contrasting Multimedia and Text
* 8.4 Comparing and Contrasting a historical event and a historical fiction story
* 8.5 Outlining and Writing a Compare and Contrast Essay

Chapter 9: Planning Realistic Fiction Stories

* 9.1 Developing the Central Idea of a Realistic Fiction Story
* 9.2 Developing the Plotline in a Realistic Fiction Story
* 9.3 Developing Characters in a Realistic Fiction Story
* 9.4 Developing Setting in a Realistic Fiction Story
* 9.5 Selecting the Point of View for a Realistic Fiction Story
* 9.6 Using Greek and Latin Affixes and Roots

Chapter 10: Writing Realistic Fiction Stories

* 10.1 Writing an Engaging Lead for a Realistic Fiction Story
* 10.2 Revealing Characters in a Realistic Fiction Story
* 10.3 Revealing the Setting in a Realistic Fiction Story
* 10.4 Summarizing in Fiction Writing
* 10.5 Writing a Satisfying Ending for a Realistic Fiction Story
* 10.6 Manipulating Paragraph and Sentence Structure To Add Emphasis and Tension

Chapter 11: Revising Realistic Fiction Stories

* 11.1 Revision Strategy: Incorporating Symbolism
* 11.2 Revision Strategy: Determining What to Keep and What to Cut
* 11.3 Revision Strategy: Trimming to Make Stories Better
* 11.4 Revising Realistic Fiction Stories
* 11.5 Identifying and Correcting Frequently Confused Words
* 11.6 Editing Realistic Fiction Stories

Chapter 12: Genre Studies: Dramas

* 12.1 Author Study: Shakespeare
* 12.2 Analyzing the Structure of Dramas
* 12.3 Analyzing Plot Development in Dramas
* 12.4 Analyzing Character Types in Dramas
* 12.5 Completing Analogies
* 12.6 Safety and Privacy of Digital Information

**8th grade:**

Chapter 1: Researching a Historical Figure

* 1.1 Understanding American History (Non-Fiction)
* 1.2 Analyzing Connections in Nonfiction Texts (Non-Fiction)
* 1.3 Analyzing Less Structured Nonfiction Texts (Non-Fiction)
* 1.4 Analyzing Contradictory Texts (Non-Fiction)
* 1.5 Distilling Several Central Ideas down to One (Non-Fiction)
* 1.6 Synthesizing Information (Non-Fiction)
* 1.7 Including In-text Citations or Footnotes (Language Skills)

Chapter 2: Structuring a Narrative Nonfiction

* 2.1 Defining Narrative Nonfiction (Non-Fiction)
* 2.2 Basing a Narrative Nonfiction around a Historical Figure (Non-Fiction)
* 2.3 Establishing a Central Idea and Theme for a Narrative Nonfiction (Non-Fiction)
* 2.4 Establishing the Conflict and Tension in a Narrative Nonfiction (Non-Fiction)
* 2.5 Preparing Quotations for Texts Using Brackets and Ellipses (Language Skills)
* 2.6 Using Block Quotes (Language Skills)

Chapter 3: Writing Narrative Nonfiction

* 3.1 Using Narrative Writing Skills in a Narrative Nonfiction (Non-Fiction)
* 3.2 Incorporating Facts into a Narrative Nonfiction (Non-Fiction)
* 3.3 Determining the Author’s Voice in Nonfiction (Non-Fiction)
* 3.4 Imitating an Author’s Voice in a Narrative Nonfiction (Non-Fiction)
* 3.5 Identifying Verbals (Language Skills)
* 3.6 Using the Active and Passive Voice (Language Skills)

Chapter 4: Reading Dystopian Novels

* 4.1 Defining Dystopian Novels (Fiction)
* 4.2 Analyzing Power in Dystopian Novels (Fiction)
* 4.3 Imagining Settings in Dystopian Novels (Fiction)
* 4.4 Analyzing Mood in Dystopian Novels (Fiction)
* 4.5 Connecting the Setting of Dystopian Novels to Our Own World (Fiction)
* 4.6 Understanding Analogies (Fiction)
* 4.7 Understanding Allusions (Fiction)

Chapter 5: Analyzing Dystopian Novels

* 5.1 Analyzing Character Development in Dystopian Novels (Fiction)
* 5.2 Recognizing Archetypes in Dystopian Novels (Fiction)
* 5.3 Analyzing the Character’s Perspective in Dystopian Novels (Fiction)
* 5.4 Analyzing Character Traits vs. Reader Perception (Fiction)
* 5.5 Analyzing Symbolism in Dystopian Novels (Fiction)
* 5.6 Analyzing Themes in Dystopian Novels (Fiction)

Chapter 6: Writing Literary Analysis Essays

* 6.1 Structuring a Thesis for a Literary Analysis Essay (Fiction)
* 6.2 Drafting Arguments and Evidence for a Literary Analysis Essay (Fiction)
* 6.3 Evaluating Evidence for a Literary Analysis Essay (Fiction)
* 6.4 Considering Counterclaims for a Literary Analysis Essay (Fiction)
* 6.5 Using the Indicative, Imperative, Interrogative, Conditional, and Subjunctive Mood (Language Skills)
* 6.6 Correcting Inappropriate Shifts in Verb Voice and Mood (Language Skills)

Chapter 7: Revising Literary Analysis Essays

* 7.1 Summarizing Fiction Texts in a Literary Analysis Essay (Fiction)
* 7.2 Writing an Introduction and Conclusion for a Literary Analysis Essay (Fiction)
* 7.3 Using Transitions and Creating a Tone in a LIterary Analysis Essay (Fiction)
* 7.4 Revising a Literary Analysis Essay (Fiction)
* 7.5 Use Verbs in Active and Passive Voice and in the Conditional and Subjunctive Mood to Achieve Particular Effects (Language Skills)
* 7.6 Using Commas, Ellipses, and Dashes to Pause (Language Skills)

Chapter 8: Researching for Persuasive Letters

* 8.1 Understanding Different Types of Persuasive Writing (Non-Fiction)
* 8.2 Understanding and Analyzing Less Conventional Research Texts (Non-Fiction)
* 8.3 Researching Like a Social Scientist (Non-Fiction)
* 8.4 Determining the Accuracy and Validity of Texts (Non-Fiction)
* 8.5 Recognizing Fake News (Non-Fiction)
* 8.6 Avoiding Biased Internet Searches (Non-Fiction)

Chapter 9: Determining Bias in Texts

* 9.1 Analyzing Author Bias in Texts (Non-Fiction)
* 9.2 Analyzing Your Own Biases (Non-Fiction)
* 9.3 Establishing a Thesis and Arguments for a Persuasive Letter (Non-Fiction)
* 9.4 Finding and Evaluating Evidence for a Persuasive Letter (Non-Fiction)
* 9.5 Using Semicolons to Link Independent Clauses (Language Skills)
* 9.6 Using Colons to Introduce a List or Quotation (Language Skills)

Chapter 10: Writing Persuasive Letters

* 10.1 Framing and Explaining Evidence for a Persuasive Letter (Non-Fiction)
* 10.2 Considering the Counterclaims for a Persuasive Letter (Non-Fiction)
* 10.3 Structuring the Body of a Persuasive Letter (Non-Fiction)
* 10.4 Writing an Introduction and Conclusion for a Persuasive Letter (Non-Fiction)
* 10.5 Revising a Persuasive Letter (Non-Fiction)
* 10.6 Editing a Persuasive Letter (Language Skills)

Chapter 11: Analyzing Alternate Versions

* 11.1 Evaluating Advantages and Disadvantages of Multimedia Texts (Fiction)
* 11.2 Analyzing the Accuracy of Film Versions to their Text Counterparts (Fiction)
* 11.3 Analyzing Modern Stories and their Traditional Counterparts (Fiction)
* 11.4 Understanding Figures of Speech (Language Skills)
* 11.5 Using Greek and Latin Affixes and Roots (Language Skills)
* 11.6 Using Hyphens Correctly (Language Skills)

Chapter 12: Author’s Style in Literature

* 12.1 Understanding Irony (Fiction)
* 12.2 Understanding Satire (Fiction)
* 12.3 Determining Author’s Style in Fiction Texts (Fiction)
* 12.4 Determining the Narrative Style of a Fiction Text (Fiction)
* 12.5 Developing Style as a Fiction Writer (Fiction)
* 12.6 Identifying and Correcting Frequently Confused Words (Language Skills)