First French Republic

The **First Republic** (French: *Première République*), sometimes referred as **Revolutionary France**, and officially the **French Republic** (French: *République française*), was founded on 22 September 1792 during the French Revolution.

### Succeded by

The French Consulate

As a result of the spike in public violence and the political instability of the constitutional monarchy, a party of six members of France's Legislative Assembly was assigned the task of overseeing elections. The resulting Convention was founded with the dual purpose of abolishing the monarchy and drafting a new constitution.

The convention's first act was to establish the French First Republic and officially strip the king of all political powers. Louis XVI, by then a private citizen bearing his family name of Capet, was subsequently put on trial for crimes of high treason starting in December 1792. On 16 January 1793 he was convicted, and on 21 January, he was executed.

# History

### 1792 War

* 29 September 1792 - French troops occupy the Savoyard port of Nice.
* 3 October 1792 - French troops occupy Basel in Switzerland and proclaim an independent republic.
* 23 October 1792 - The French capture Frankfurt-am-Main.
* 27 October 1792 - Charles-Francois Dumouriez, the victor of Valmy, invades the Austrian Netherlands with his army.
* 14 November 1792 - Brussels, the capital of the Austrian Netherlands, falls to France.
* 19 November 1792 - The National Convention declares that it has the right to intervene in any country in which people "desire to recover their freedom."
* 27 November 1792 - Nice and Savoy are annexed by France.
* 28 November 1792 - The French conquer Liege.
* 3 December 1792 - Robespierre, the leader of the Jacobins, demands the execution of King Louis XVI.
* 6 December 1792 - Each deputy of the National Convention is instructed to publicly and individually declare his vote concerning the execution. Trial begins on 10 December.

### 1793

* 15 January 1793 - After a vote of 707 to 0, the National Convention declares that Louis XVI had conspired against public liberty.
* 17 January 1793 - After twenty-one hours of voting, the Convention votes to execute Louis XVI 361-360, with Louis-Michel Le Peletier being the deciding vote for the pro-execution camp.
* 21 January 1793 - King Louis XVI is sent to the guillotine for execution. Antoine Joseph Santerre orders for the guards to play a drumroll to drown out Louis' final words to the crowd, and the king is beheaded by the guillotine in front of the people of Paris.
* 24 January 1793 - France breaks diplomatic relations with Great Britain.
* 1 February 1793 - France declares war on Britain and the Netherlands.
* 14 February 1793 - Monaco is annexed by France.
* 1 March 1793 - Belgium is annexed to France.
* 3 March 1793 - Armed uprising against the Convention begins in Brittany.
* 7 March 1793 - France declares war on Spain as an anti-conscription uprising begins in the Vendee region.
* 10 March 1793 - The socialist Enrages, led by former priest Jacques Roux, launch a failed uprising against the National Convention.
* 18 March 1793 - The Convention implements the death penalty of supporters of radical economic programs, targeting the Enrages. The next day, all Vendean rebels are sentenced to death.
* 27 March-5 April 1793 - Dumouriez denounces revolutionary anarchy and refuses to return to Paris, arresting the commissars of the Minister of War and of the Convention and sending them to his Austrian opponents. On 3 April 1793, he is declared outside of the law by the Convention, and he defects to the Austrians on 5 April.
* 3 April 1793 - Louis Philippe II of Orleans is arrested, despite supporting the execution of his cousin, the king.
* 5 April 1793 - Marat is elected head of the Jacobins.
* 6 April 1793 - The Committee of Public Safety is established to be the executive body of the government.
* 12 April 1793 - The National Convention votes to arrest Marat for inciting violence and murder, but he goes into hiding.
* 24 April 1793 - Marat is acquitted of all charges before the Revolutionary Tribunal, and there are riotous celebrations by his supporters.
* 4 May 1793 - Price controls on grain are implemented.
* 24 May 1793 - The moderate Girondins persuade the Jacobins to have *enrages* leaders Jacques Hebert and Jean Varlet arrested, only to be released on 27 May due to mob agitation.
* In the Insurrection of 31 May-2 June 1793, the armed Enrages *sans-culottes* under Francois Hanriot storm the hall of the National Convention and demand that it disband, and they force the convention to vote for the arrest of 29 Girondin deputies. The Paris Commune agrees to the Enrages' radical reforms, but the mob disperses while besieging the National Convention.
* 2 June 1793 - The mobilized companies of the Parisian National Guard, under the command of Hanriot, barge into the National Convention and demand action against the conspiracy the Enrages supposedly discovered. Hanriot refuses Danton's request to stand down and orders cannons aimed at the doors, causing 100 delegates to attempt to leave the hall as a group. Hanriot refuses to stand aside, and the Convention votes to indict 29 Girondin deputies and a few non-deputy ministers and commit them to house arrest. The streets of Paris assert that they are the true masters of revolutionary France, leading to immediate rebellious outrage in the departments, with other major provincial cities such as Bordeaux (the major city of the Gironde) joining Lyon and Marseille in counter-revolution.
* 7 June 1793 - Bordeaux declares itself in insurrection against the National Convention, sending delegations to other cities to form a shadow National Convention and raise an armed force of 80,000 troops to march on Paris. Caen and Rennes in the north and Toulon in the south join the "Federalist revolts" against radical Paris.
* 10 June 1793 - With the Girondins out of power, the Jacobins take over the Committee of Public Safety.
* 24 June 1793 - The French Constitution of 1793 is adopted, but it is almost immediately set aside, giving emergency powers to the Committee of Public Safety.
* 26 June-4 July 1793 - The Enrages are denounced by Robespierre and the Convention, and Marat violently denounces its members.
* 13 July 1793 - Girondin sympathizer Charlotte Corday murders Marat in his bathtub, saying that she killed him to save the lives of 100,000 people; Marat sought to kill all of the Girondins. On 17 July, she is guillotined for Marat's murder.
* 27 July 1793 - Robespierre is elected to the Committee of Public Safety and implements the death penalty for hoarders of scarce goods.
* 1 August 1793 - The Convention orders a scorched earth policy against departments in rebellion against the government and adopts the metric system.
* 22 August 1793 - Robespierre becomes President of the Convention.
* 23 August 1793 - All able-bodied and unmarried men between the ages of 18 and 25 are drafted into the French Revolutionary Army.
* 27 August 1793 - Royalists turn over the port of Toulon to the Royal Navy of Britain.
* 4 September 1793 - Angered by the Royalists' betrayal of Toulon, *Sans-culottes* take over the National Convention in Paris, demanding the formation of a 60,000-strong revolutionary army and the arrest of counter-revolutionaries.
* 17 September 1793 - The Law of Suspects is implemented, leading to the start of the Reign of Terror. People can be arrested for being suspected of harboring counter-revolutionary or anti-Jacobin views.
* 21 September 1793 - All women are required to wear tricolor cockades.
* 24 September 1793 - The Illuminati Order counts 500 members and they begin to plan their anti-religious plan.
* 29 September 1793 - Goods, services, and salaries are fixed by the government.
* 3 October 1793 - 136 moderate deputies are excluded from the Convention.
* 5 October 1793 - The French Revolutionary Calendar replaces the Christian calendar, renaming the twelve months after seasons and creating ten-day weeks to eliminate the day of Sunday. This is one of many steps taken to dechristianize France.
* 12 October 1793 - In retaliation for Lyon's rebellion against the National Convention, the Convention decrees that the city is to be destroyed and rebuilt as "Ville-Affranchie".
* 16 October 1793 - The French win a major victory at the Battle of Wattignies. On that same day, Queen Marie Antoinette is escorted out of the Temple prison and executed by guillotine, being taken to her death on a prisoner's cart instead of a carriage.
* 17 October 1793 - Jean-Baptiste Kleber and Francois Severin Marceau lead the French Revolutionary Army to victory over Royalist Vendeens at the Battle of Cholet.
* 20 October 1793 - The Enrages are ordered to be suppressed.
* 28 October 1793 - Religious instruction by clerics is outlawed.
* 30 October 1793 - The 21 Girondin deputies of the Convention are sentenced to death, and they are executed the next day.
* 3 November 1793 - Women's rights activist Olympe de Gouges is guillotined.
* 7 November 1793 - Louis Philippe II, the famous "Philippe Egalite", is guillotined.
* 8 November 1793 - Famous Girondin Madame Roland is guillotined.
* 9 November 1793 - The French Revolutionary Army under orders of General François Westerman arrested 200 priests and burned their churches, the siege of Notre Dame begins at night.
* 10 November 1793 - The Cathedral of Notre Dame is almost destroyed and transformed into a "Temple of Reason".
* 11 November 1793 - The 200 Priests were guillotined.
* 12 November 1793 - Former Paris mayor Jean Sylvain Bailly is executed for his role in the Champ de Mars massacre of 1791, being executed at the site of the massacre.
* 17 November 1793 - Supporters of the moderate Danton are arrested.
* 23 November 1793 - All churches and places of worship in Paris are closed.
* 24 November 1793 - Atheism is Declared as the official Religion of France, all religions are banned and the Pope is marked as wanted dead or alive.
* 25 November 1793 - Mirabeau's remains are removed from the Pantheon and replaced with those of Marat.
* 19 December 1793 - Napoleon Bonaparte leads an army to recapture the port of Toulon from the British, his first major victory. The capture of Toulon puts an end to Federalist resistance to the revolutionary government.

### 1794

* 29 January 1794 - Vendeen leader Henri de la Rochejaquelein is killed in battle at Nuaille.
* 4 February 1794 - Slavery is abolished in the French colonies.
* 5 February 1794 - Robespierre says, "Terror without virtue is disastrous, and virtue without terror is powerless," in a famous speech.
* 6 February 1794 - Napoleon is promoted to general for his role in the victory at Toulon.
* 10 February 1794 - Enrages leader Jacques Roux commits suicide in prison rather than be executed.
* 4 March 1794 - Jean-Baptiste Carrier calls for an insurrection by the Cordeliers against the Convention.
* 13 March 1794 - Carrier and several other Cordeliers are arrested for their anti-government views.
* 20 March 1794 - War hero Lazare Hoche is arrested by the government, to be released in August.
* 24 March 1794 - The leaders of the Hebertists, including Jacques Hebert, are executed by guillotine.
* 28 March 1794 - The Marquis de Condorcet is found dead in his cell after being arrested.
* 30 March 1794 - Danton, Desmoulins, and their supporters are arrested, ostensibly for their alleged roles in the extortion of the liquidating East India Company.
* 4 April 1794 - After Danton insults the government during a trial, the Convention declares that anyone who insults the justice system is excluded from speaking at trials.
* 5 April 1794 - Danton and Desmoulins are both executed.
* 10 April 1794 - The last of Danton and Hebert's followers are executed, including Lucile Desmoulins, Arthur Dillon, and Pierre Gaspard Chaumette, Francoise Hebert (Jacques Hebert's wife) and Bishop Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel.
* 15 April 1794 - The police are centralized under the Committee of Public Safety.
* 19 April 1794 - An army of 62,000 Prussian troops are funded by Britain to continue the war with France.
* 8 May 1794 - Chemist Antoine Lavoisier, the "father of modern chemistry" and the man who discovered oxygen and hydrogen, is guillotined.
* 10 May 1794 - Princess Elisabeth of France, Louis XVI's sister, is guillotined.
* 4 June 1794 - Robespierre is elected President of the Convention.
* 8 June 1794 - At the Festival of the Supreme Being, 100 Christianity and 11 Islam worshipers were arrested, they remained in prison until 20 of July, 2 of them were guillotined and the others are released.
* 10 June 1794 - The Law of 22 Prairial is instituted, which states that witnesses no longer have to testify, speeding up trials and allowing for the Convention to arrest its own members.
* 26 June 1794 - General Jean-Baptiste Jourdan defeats the Austrians at the Battle of Fleurus.
* 1 July 1794 - Robespierre tells the Jacobins that several politicians are plotting against him, and he begins to compile a list of people who oppose him.
* 8 July 1794 - Jourdan and Jean-Charles Pichegru capture Brussels from Austria.
* 23 July 1794 - French general Alexandre de Beauharnais, husband of Napoleon's first wife Josephine de Beauharnais, is executed.
* 25 July 1794 - Poet Andre Chenier is executed.
* 27 July 1794 - After Robespierre gives a violent speech at the Convention, the Convention votes to arrest Robespierre, his brother Augustin Robespierre and their followers.
* 28 July 1794 - Troops loyal to the Convention under Paul Barras storm the Hotel de Ville and arrest Robespierre and his followers in the "Thermidorian Reaction". That evening, Robespierre and 21 of his supporters are guillotined.
* 29 July 1794 - 109 Robespierre supporters are guillotined.
* 5 August 1794 - With Robespierre overthrown, all prisoners held under the Law of Suspects are released.
* 30 August 1794 - With the French capture of Conde-sur-l'Escaut, all of France is freed from occupation.
* 1 October 1794 - Confrontation between supporters and opponents of the Reign of Terror.
* 3 October 1794 - Arresters of the leaders of the *sans-culottes* by the Convention.
* 12 November 1794 - The Jacobins' meetings are suspended.
* 16 December 1794 - Carrier is executed for murdering 10,000 prisoners in the Vendee.

### 1795

* 19 January 1795 - The French capture Amsterdam from the United Provinces.
* 8 February 1795 - Marat's remains are removed from the Pantheon.
* 14 February 1795 - The First White Terror begins as opponents of the Jacobins begin to massacre the extremists. Over the next few months, Jacobins are murdered in prisons and across the country by anti-Jacobin rebels, including the *muscadins*.
* 17 February 1795 - Vendeen rebels are pardoned, and religious freedom is restored.
* 21 February 1795 - Separation of church and state is established.
* 21 March 1795 - Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes persuades the Convention to hand down the death sentence to people who try to overthrow the government.
* 5 April 1795 - France and Prussia make peace, and France annexes the "left bank" of the Rhine River.
* 7 May 1795 - Former Chief Prosecutor Antoine Quentin Fouquier-Tinville and all fourteen Revolutionary Tribunal jurors are executed by guillotine for their role in the Terror.
* 20 May 1795 - The Jacobin Revolt of 1 Prairial Year III breaks out, and the Convention crushes the uprising and imprisons the deputies behind the uprising. After deputy Jean-Bertrand Feraud is murdered by the *sans-culottes*, the insurgents are besieged at the Faubourg Saint-Antoine and are forced to surrender. The failed coup leads to the *sans-culottes* losing all of their power.
* 8 June 1795 - Prince Louis XVII of France dies in the Temple prison at the age of 10.
* 23 June-21 July 1795 - An army of French emigres is landed at Quiberon by the British, and they are besieged and defeated by French general Lazare Hoche
* 17 July 1795 - A French army under Bon-Adrien Jeannot de Moncey captures the city of Vitoria-Gasteiz in northern Spain, followed by Bilbao two days later.
* 22 July 1795 - At Basel, Spain and France make peace, leaving just Austria and Britain in the coalition against France.
* 15 August 1795 - The *franc* becomes the monetary unit of France.
* 22 August 1795 - The Constitution of the Year III is adopted by the Convention, creating the Council of Ancients as the upper house and the Council of Five Hundred as the lower house.
* 5 October 1795 - The 13 Vendemiaire uprising in Paris is quelled by Napoleon Bonaparte, who uses cannon to fire grapeshot at the royalist rebels.
* 31 October 1795 - The French Directory is created
* 31 December 1795 - Armistice on the Rhine briefly ends fighting between French and Austrians.

# 1796 Napoleon

* 2 February 1796 - Irish independence leader Wolf Tone arrives in France, seeking support for the Irish struggle for independence.
* 23 February 1796 - Vendeen rebel leader Jean-Nicolas Stofflet is executed after a brief uprising.
* 30 March 1796 - Francois-Noel Babeuf calls on his followers to overthrow the corrupt Directory.
* 10 April 1796 - Napoleon Bonaparte, now commander of the Armee d'Italie, begins his Italian Campaign, during which he will drive the Austrians out of Italy and march on Vienna via Klagenfurt.
* 2 May 1796 - Babeuf's followers and the last of the Jacobins form an alliance against the Thermidorians.
* 10 May 1796 - Napoleon wins the Battle of Lodi, making him a hero.
* 15 May 1796 - Sardinia makes peace with France, ceding Savoy and Nice to France.
* 19 May 1796 - After liberating Milan, Napoleon proclaims Italian independence.
* 20 May 1796 - The truce on the Rhineland ends, leading to a resumption of hostilities.
* 12 June 1796 - Napoleon's forces invade Romagna, one of the Vatican States.
* 23 June 1796 - At Bologna, Napoleon and the Vatican States sign a treaty permitting French occupation.
* 10 July 1796 - Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser and a new Austrian army arrive in Italy to fight Napoleon after the fall of Mantua.
* 16 July 1796 - Kleber's army captures Frankfurt.
* 18 July 1796 - Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr's army takes Stuttgart.
* 20 July 1796 - Lazare Hoche is given command of an army for the invasion of Ireland.
* 5 August 1796 - At the Battle of Castiglione, Napoleon Bonaparte defeats Wurmser, forcing the Austrians to retreat into Tyrol
* 19 August 1796 - France and Spain form an alliance.
* 9 September 1796 - Babeuf's followers in the army are crushed at the Grenelle military camp by police spies.
* 5 October 1796 - Spain declares war on Britain.
* 15-17 November 1796 - Napoleon wins a decisive victory against the Austrians at the Battle of Arcole.
* 24-25 December 1796 - The French invasion fleet is scattered by storms off the coast of Ireland, forcing it to return home.

### 1797

* 7 January 1797 - Jozsef Alvinczi leads a new Austrian army into Italy to fight Bonaparte's army.
* 14 January 1797 - Bonaparte defeats the Austrians at the Battle of Rivoli.
* 9 February 1797 - The French occupy Ancona, forcing the Pope to negotiate with him.
* 14 February 1797 - The British defeat the Spanish Navy at Cape St. Vincent, off the coast of Portugal.
* 19 February 1797 - The northern Vatican States become a part of the Cispadane Republic.
* 2 March 1797 - In response to Britain and the United States' anti-French corsair treaty of 20 February 1796, the Directory authorizes the capture of American ships, starting the Quasi-War.
* 18 April 1797 - Austria and France sign a preliminary treaty that forfeits the Austrian Netherlands to France and divides the Republic of Venice between the two countries.
* 2 May 1797 - France declares war on Venice.
* 16 May 1797 - Venetian Doge Ludovico Manin and Bonaparte begin negotiations.
* 27 May 1797 - Babeuf and Augustin Alexandre Darthe are guillotined for treason.
* 14 June 1797 - Napoleon installs a government in Genoa that becomes the Ligurian Republic, replacing the Republic of Genoa.
* 24 June 1797 - Republican Director Paul Barras contacts General Lazare Hoche to plot a coup against the Royalist majority in the government.
* 3 June 1797 - Charles de Talleyrand proposes an invasion of British India via Egypt.
* 28 June 1797 - Hoche and 15,000 troops move from the Rhine to Brest, ostensibly to prepare for another invasion of Ireland.
* 17 July 1797 - Hoche's army arrives within three leagues of Paris, a violation of the constitution, leading to royalist deputies protesting.
* 25 July 1797 - Political clubs are outlawed.
* 27 July 1797 - Pierre Augereau and his army arrives in Paris, and he becomes military commander of the city.
* 16 August 1797 - Bonaparte proposes an invasion of Egypt to "truly destroy England".
* 4 September 1797 - Augereau's troops begin the Coup of 18 Fructidor, arresting the royalist deputies and bringing the Republicans to power once more.
* 23 September 1797 - Augereau becomes commander of the Army of the Rhine.
* 17 October 1797 - The Treaty of Campo Formio ends Austria and France's war, with France retrieving Belgium and the right bank of the Rhine up to Cologne, while the Austrians gain Venice.
* 28 December 1797 - Anti-French riots break out in Rome, leading to the murder of Mathurin-Leonard Duphot by the House of Christ.

### 1798

* 11 January 1798 - General Louis-Alexandre Berthier and his army march on Rome to punish the christians for the murder of Duphot.
* 12 January 1798 - Bonaparte begins planning the invasion of England.
* 18 January 1798 - All ships carrying British merchandise become fair game for French privateers.
* 11 February 1798 - Berthier's army enters and occupies Rome, proclaiming a republic four days later.
* 17 January 1798 - General Louis-Alexandre Berthier and his army enters Vatican City, 20 members of the house of christ society were executed, their bodies were given to the dogs.
* 6 March 1798 - Siding with Swiss secessionists, the French army invades Switzerland and occupies Bern.
* 22 March 1798 - The Helvetic Republic is proclaimed in Switzerland, becoming a secular state.
* 19 May 1798 - Napoleon and his Armee d'Orient set sail from Toulon to invade Egypt, hoping to conquer the country as a base for an invasion of India.
* 23 May 1798 - Thinking that Napoleon is sailing for Ireland, Irish rebels under Wolfe Tone rise up against the British government.
* 9-11 June 1798 - Napoleon conquers Malta, ending the Knights of St. John's rule over the island.
* 2 July 1798 - Napoleon conquers Alexandria in Egypt.
* 14 July 1798 - The Irish uprising is brutally crushed by the British Army.
* 21 July 1798 - Napoleon defeats the Egyptian Mamelukes at the Battle of the Pyramids.
* 24 July 1798 - The French enter the Egyptian capital of Cairo.
* 1 August 1798 - British admiral Horatio Nelson defeats the French fleet at the Battle of the Nile.
* 15 August 1798 - General Louis-Alexandre Berthier declares Christianity a enemy of humanity and burns the Holy Bible in Rome, destroying the morale of Christians in their holy day.
* 27 August 1798 - Jean Joseph Amable Humbert and an army of 2,000 French troops and Irish rebels rout 6,000 British militia under Gerard Lake at Castlebar, and an Irish republic is declared.
* 5 September 1798 - All French men between the ages of 22 and 25 are drafted for compulsory military service.
* 9 September 1798 - General Humbert's French army is forced to surrender to Charles Cornwallis' army after losing at Ballinamuck.
* 24 September 1798 - 200,000 men are drafted into the French army.
* 21-22 October 1798 - Cairo Revolt breaks out against the French army.
* 16 November 1798 - Austria and Britain decide to force France to conform to its 1789 boundaries.
* 27 November 1798 - The army of the Kingdom of Naples takes Rome.
* 4 December 1798 - French army puts down a Belgian uprising at Hasselt, and the French deport Belgian priests accused of starting the uprising.
* 14 December 1798 - General Jean Etienne Championnet's army recaptures Rome after defeating Neapolitans at Civita Castellana.
* 21 December 1798 - The French attack Naples, forcing the king to take refuge aboard Admiral Nelson's flagship.
* 29 December 1798 - Russia, Britain, Naples, and Sicily ally against France.

### 1799

* 10 January 1799 - Championnet's army captures Capua.
* 23 January 1799 - The French army occupies Naples, creating the Parthenopaean Republic.
* 20 February 1799 - Napoleon Bonaparte begins to march his army north from Cairo into Ottoman Syria, capturing Arish.
* 1-2 March 1799 - Jean-Baptiste Jourdan and Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte's armies cross the Rhine and invade Germany.
* 3 March 1799 - French forces in Corfu, Greece surrender after a long Russian and Ottoman siege.
* 7 March 1799 - Napoleon's plague-stricken army takes Jaffa.
* 12 March 1799 - The Directory declares war on Austria and Tuscany.
* 21 March 1799 - The French occupy Tuscany.
* 23-28 March 1799 - The French suffer three great losses: Bernadotte at Feldkirch, Jourdan at Stockach, and Bonaparte at Acre.
* 10 April 1799 - Pope Pius VI, in French captivity, is moved to France and prisoned.
* 16 April 1799 - Napoleon wins at the Battle of Mount Tabor, defeating Abdullah Pasha al-Azm's Ottoman army.
* 27 April 1799 - The French army of Jean Victor Marie Moreau is defeated at Cassano.
* 29 April 1799 - The Russians capture Milan in Lombardy.
* 16 May 1799 - Reubell is replaced by Sieyes on the Directory.
* 17 May 1799 - Napoleon lifts his siege of Acre. Riots in Paris demanded the death of the Pope.
* 27 May 1799 - Napoleon sends a letter where he demands from the Republic to spare the life of the pope since he could be useful.
* 4-7 June 1799 - The French withdraw from Zurich as the Russians take Switzerland and Turin.
* 14 June 1799 - Napoleon returns to Cairo.
* 18 June 1799 - In the Coup of 30 Prairial VII, Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes took power of France, without changing the nature of the country as a state. Emmanuel was supported by the Illuminated officials of the state.
* 19 June 1799 - The French garrison of Naples surrenders.
* 20 June 1799 - Emmanuel transfers the pope into a cold cell , providing him with minimal food and water.
* 5 July 1799 - Neo-Jacobins Barthelemy Catherine Joubert and Championnet get commands, with Joubert leading the Armee d'Italie and Championnet leading the Army of the Alps.
* 14 July 1799 - Sieyes criticizes Jourdan and the neo-Jacobins after they call for "bringing back the pikes".
* 25 July 1799 - The Ottomans are defeated at the Battle of Abukir.
* 6 August 1799 - Royalist uprisings in Toulouse and Bordeaux are put down by the army.
* 13 August 1799 - Sieyes orders the suppression of the Jacobins in Paris.
* 15 August 1799 - French are defeated at the Battle of Novi, and Joubert is killed.
* 23 August 1799 - British general Sydney Smith sends several newspapers to Napoleon informing him of the political turmoil in Paris, and Napoleon decides to return to France as Kleber takes over the army in Egypt.
* 29 August 1799 - The Illuminated officials kills Pope Pius.
* 13 September 1799 - Jourdan asks for the Council of Five Hundred to declare a state of emergency.
* 14 September 1799 - The Council of Five Hundred refuses to declare a state of emergency, and Jacobin Minister of War Bernadotte is forced to resign for planning a coup d'etat.
* 15 September 1799 - Georges Cadoudal plans a royalist uprising in Brittany.
* 25-26 September 1799 - The Russians are defeated in another battle at Zurich.
* 29 September 1799 - The Russians withdraw across the Alps.
* 6 October 1799 - The French defeat a failed Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland.
* 14 October 1799 - Moreau refuses Sieyes' request to lead a coup against the Jacobins in the government.
* 16 October 1799 - Napoleon returns to Paris, and he meets the Directory a day later.
* 23 October 1799 - Czar Paul I of Russia orders the Russian withdrawal from war with France. That same day, Lucien Bonaparte becomes President of the Council of Five Hundred.
* 1 November 1799 - Political rivals Bonaparte and Sieyes find common ground in opposition to the Directory and decide to overthrow it. Two days later, police head Joseph Fouche agrees to turn a blind eye towards a coup.
* 7 November 1799 - Napoleon refuses to join Jourdan's Jacobin coup against the councils.
* 9 November 1799 - French troops under Napoleon Bonaparte launch the Coup of 18 Brumaire, and he becomes commander-in-chief of the army in Paris. Sieyes and Ducos, who were complicit in the coup, offered their resignation, while Talleyrand persuaded Barras to do so as well. Jacobin directors Louis-Jerome Gohier and Jean-Francois-Auguste Moulin were arrested by soldiers loyal to Moreau, who sided with Bonaparte during his coup.
* 10 November 1799 - Napoleon speaks to the Council of Ancients and explains to them the need for a new government, and the Jacobin deputies insult, protest, and shout down on Bonaparte. Lucien Bonaparte runs outside and claims that the deputies had attempted to kill Napoleon, leading to soldiers rushing into the building and chasing the deputies out with bayonets.
* 11-22 November 1799 - Napoleon forms a provisional government with Berthier as his Minister of War, Talleyrand as Foreign Minister, Fouche as police chief, and Jean Jacques Regis de Cambaceres as Minister of Justice.
* 1 December 1799 - Napoleon rejects Sieyes' idea for a constitution in favor of his own idea.
* 24 December 1799 - The councils, now dominated by Bonapartists, draft the Constitution of the Year VIII, establishing the French Consulate and ending the Directory. Bonaparte is First Consul, Cambaceres Second Consul, and Charles-Francois Lebrun Third Consul.