CBS Television Network

**CBS Television Network** is a TV Network Like Media Company Founded in September 27, 1927 by Arthur Judson. It was based in CBS Building, New York City, United States.

## History

### Radio

* **1927:** Founded by New York agent Arthur Judson , "United Independent Broadcasters" is believed to be the origin of the current CBS, and the station began its first radio broadcast on January 27. Broadcasting station immediately solicit investors, it was invested in April of the same year in order to save the company Columbia Records with the owner of the "Columbia Phonographic Manufacturing Company (Columbia phonograph was, Inc.)". As a result, "United-" changed its name to "Columbia Phonographic Broadcasting System" and began broadcasting on September 18 of the same year. The first headquarters was inNewark , NJ, next to New York City , with 15 bureaus.September 25, sufficient commercial because it could not secure the time Columbia is PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia of major tobacco manufacturers of Jewish scion William Samuel Paley ( En: William\_S.\_Paley ) in the same broadcast station in the 500,000 US dollars sale.Paley changed his name to the "Columbia Broadcasting System" and the current name was used for the first time. Paley is also convinced of the benefits from the radio commercial and puts an advertisement for his family tobacco company "La Palina" on his local Philadelphia CBS affiliate WCAU, which is now owned by NBC. Persuade your relatives. Later, his company was convinced that sponsoring a radio would lead its tobacco to a bestseller. In September of the same year , the company acquired the Atlantic Broadcasting Company, a small broadcaster in Brooklyn , New York, for $ 390,000 . Named WABC, the bureau became the representative bureau of CBS. WABC grew rapidly and began broadcasting at 860kHz, which had a stronger frequency (renamed WCBS in 1946; the frequency became 880kHz). Other major bureaus include "KNX Los Angeles" and "KCBS" These bureaus, including WCBS, are still the major CBS radio networks, including San Francisco, WBBM Chicago, WJSV Washington DC, KMOX St Louis, and WCCO Minneapolis.
* **1928:**Paramount Pictures becomes an investor in CBS. At one point, some bureaus called their name "Paramount Radio," but Paramount was about to start, and the Great Depression of 1929 came and Paramount was forced to bankruptcy and had to retreat from investment Was. In 1932, all bureaus returned to CBS.
* **1930:** CBS News has been hit hard by the news provider, AP , who declined to work. Paley decided to create an independent news team and was put into operation by Vice President and former New York Times reporter Ed Klauber and news director Paul White.
* **1935:**Edward R. Mallow, who had just joined the company at the time , reported the German bombing of London ( Blitz ) `` Director of Talks  *pioneered the independent news of CBS, and Mallow created another reporter group and CBS news Grew at once.*
* **1938:** CBS became the third largest broadcaster in the United States and was in a rival relationship with NBC ( # 2 ). NBC's owner, David Sarnoff at the time, was a person who was bright and technically focused on broadcast technology, so the production staff could work with the best equipment of the time and with clearer audio We were broadcasting. Paley, on the other hand, focuses on the content of the program and grew up in musicalsand comedy shows. Stars from CBS include Bing Crosby and Al Jolson . Then, both the broadcasting station center of entertainment CaliforniaLos Angeles - Hollywood at the same time opened a bureau in. And NBC was only two blocks away from Sunset and Vine's Radio City and CBS was Columbia Square. On October 30 of the same year, at the `` Murcury Theater  *where Orson Welles was hosting, a famous event that caused people to panic by broadcasting fiction of the American invasion by Martians in the form of a news program ( See Space War (Radio) ). CBS apologized in this case. In 1994, he created a TV program "Without Warning", a lie news that the spaceship crashed to the earth, but he worked to improve his commercials so that his past mistakes would not be repeated.*
* **In 1940,** radio was sponsored media for a long time, and programs were sometimes squeezed. Paley shortens advertising space that was usually sold in units of 30 minutes or 1 hour to minutes. In the past, sponsors often talked about the content of the program, but as time went on, sponsors became less involved (less power), making it possible to produce programs closer to the original. Was.
* **1945:** CBS pulled Jack Benny, Edgar Bergen, and others out of NBC following Paley's policy, and the broadcast was strong.
* **1950: The** era gradually shifted from radio to television, but until the late 1950s radio was still the main business. However, as television evolved, radio stars began to transition to television. That same year, Burns & Allen moved. Jack Benny of Jack Benny Show, who had always had a high audience rating in '55, ended 'Edger Bergen's Sunday Night Show' in '57.
* **1956:** CBS broadcasts reverse the landscape of radio and television, signaling the arrival of the television era.
* **1960:** Regular daytime programs end on November 25.
* **1962: On** September 30, the Golden Time regular program ends.
* **1972:** Talk show pioneer Arthur Godfrey retires. After that, CBS radio continues to show hourly news programs, documentary and sports commentary, relatively old style programs such as `` Mystery Theater  *at night, but there are many programs that are absolutely news related It has become.*

### TV

* **1939:** CBS launches a one-hour-per-day experimental television broadcast around New York City to compete with rival RCA at the time. Subsequently, it acquired Hytron Labratories and immediately began color broadcasting. At the time , the situation was complicated by a number of technology patent issues, and the RCA worked with the Federal Communications Commission to open the gap with CBS and quickly gain traction. Broadcasters such as DuMont publicized television at the Expo in New York that year.
* **1941: On** July 1, the Federal Communications Commission first licensed TV broadcasts to the RCA and the NBC branch in New York (WNBT). On the same day, he was given to the New York CBS Bureau (WCBS). CBS-Hytron has filed an application with the commission for color broadcasting, but the committee has rejected it because it was of insufficient quality to compete with black-and-white broadcasting.
* **1946:**During World War II , commercial broadcasting virtually stopped functioning, returning to its original program the same year. Before the lingering lingering sound of CBS, RCA and DuMont fought a fierce branch office.
* **1950: The** NBC becomes dominant in the television industry, and CBS is spurred by the acquisition and construction of new bureaus and studios. The former NBC show "Talent Raid" had about 40 stars signed out to CBS. Among them was Lucille Ball, who was reluctant to make the program My Favorite Husband, which transitions from radio to television . The show portrayed Lucille's actual husband's life, but differed in mind from television with video. Withlittle hope, Chairman Paley and President Frank Stanton have instead produced " I Love Lucy, " the pioneer of current sitcom . The show also featured her husband, Desi Arnaz, and became Lucille's masterpiece. At this time, television grew into a major entertainment and information source in the United States.CBS growth also outpaced that of the radio heyday. The station also set a top 10 time slot of 7-8 and lasted until mid 1970, when ABC took over CBS's No. 1 spot. The causes of the fall from No. 1 in the 1970s were the production of slightly controversial programs such as "Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour" and "All In The Family " and the fact that the company was fragmented at this time.
* **1960:** Chairman Paley was an art collector and a patron of the Museum of Modern Art , New York . In response to a request from the CBS office for something original, he decided to use a fancy design with Frank Stanton who had the same hobby. With the KNX Los Angeles West Coast headquarters, acquired in 1936, Frank commissioned architect William Rescarzel to design a characteristic and modern broadcast station. Similarly, we asked architect Ero Saarinen to design the CBS headquarters in New York. Stanton was involved in various places, including "What's on my desk?" The current logo, "The Unblinking Eye," was designed by William Golden. CBS's stationery had a variety of elaborate features, such as small dots already printed to help secretariesstart typing on a typewriter .
* **1962:** Despite its first color broadcast in 1953, it was outpaced by RCA, and color broadcasts were not major except for a few programs. In 1962, CBS was delayed despite NBC having many color shows. A typical CBS color broadcast of this time was "The White House With First Lady Jackie Kennedy", but the blue color was worse than gray.
* **1966:** All programs are changed to color broadcasting in response to the viewers' strong demand for color broadcasting.
* **Currently:** CBS has 204 VHF ( UltraHigh Frequency ) and UHF ( Ultra High Frequency ) stations in the United States and is currently the most watched television station in the United States. Suspense drama " CSI: Scientific Investigation Team " and variety show " Survivor " are leading the audience rating .

### Others

Changes in CBS management structure

* **1965:** CBS embarks on diversified management as the basis for a new investment. Acquired Fender Guitar Company of Leo Fender . Fender agreed to the acquisition because it was difficult to run the company for health reasons. However, between 1965 and 1985, the quality of thecompany's guitars and amplifiers declined overtly, and angry Fender guitar fans founded the Fender Music Instrument Company ( FMIC ) in 1985 . The biggest other diversified management attempt is the acquisition of the New York Yankees team , which includes publishers, cartographic companies, and toy factories. He also tried to enter the film industry with the establishment of the film production company Cinema Center Films, but in 1972 he went bankrupt and his plan was abandoned. The movie company, which is now part of Paramount Pictures, sells home DVDs and produces CBS television films .
* **1978:** Enters the home video industry. In partnership with Metro Goldwin Meyer , a company called MGM / CBS was launched, but in 1983 the contract was canceled with MGM. Later, FOX and CBS / FOX Video were established in the 20th century . With the establishment of TriStar Pictures in 1982, CBS had two jobs: selling Tristar movies on CBS / FOX.
* **1982:** CBS plans new Hollywood expansion with Columbia Pictures and HBO . It has become the current Tristar Pictures. At this time , we entered the video game market for a short time. The company made Gabriel Toys, which had already acquired the game, sell games for arcadesand the Atari 2600 home game console (CBS sold Gabriel Toys to View-Master).
* **1986:** President William S. Paley is looking for a successor, considering his retirement due to his age. Announced the search for a successful businessman. The new chairman was Lawrence Tissi , who gained the best of Paley .
* **1988:** Tissi's ability to become a businessman after taking office is not good for his employees, and many have been restructured . Also, consider the sale of Columbia Records was a major division of CBS since the acquisition of 1938 (CBS Records Group), joint ventures (in the Japanese market CBS-Sony Records was going to) Sony was sold to. The company changed its name to "Sony Music" and merged with BMG in 2004 to form " Sony BMG (SONY BMG Music Entertainment)". Is used.)
* **1990:** Business conditions deteriorate due to the spread of cable television and high program production costs. The audience rating was decent, but the degraded image came along. Tissi lost his influence and was looking for a new owner.
* **1991:**Japan Tokyo Broadcasting System of: (now Tokyo Broadcasting System signed an exclusive comprehensive agreement in news coverage between the) [1] .
* **1995:** Acquired by Westinghouse Electric for $ 540 million. The company's commercial launch has been since the 1920s, an acquisition from the company's goal of becoming a major media.
* **1997:** Acquisition of Infiniti Broadcasting Corporation (now CBS Radio) with over 150 radio stations for $ 490 million. It also acquired two cable television companies, TNN (now Spike TV) and CMT (Country Music Television). The official name was changed from the Columbia Broadcasting Center to CBS Corporation, and its headquarters moved from Pittsburgh,PA to New York City. The company sold all non-TV related companies among the subsidiaries it was operating in the diversified business.
* **1998:** Acquisition of 90 new radio stations with the acquisition of American Radio System Corporation for $ 260 million.
* **1999:** Acquires King World Productions for $ 250 million. The company sells popular programs such as Wheel of Fortune and The Oprah Winfrey Show. By this time, Westinghouse Electric's past industry had disappeared. At this time, CBS had become a huge media, but the owner company changed to the current Viacom. Viacom, once a spin-off from CBS'ssyndication division, acquired CBS for a massive $ 37 billion. The following year, it became the world's second largest entertainment production company.
* **2005:** CBS became a "communication empire", partly due to the ownership of the giant media company Viacom, but Viacom felt limited in the synergistic effect of the two companies and split the company into two. CBS will be affiliated with CBS Corporation (formerly Viacom), along with production production Paramount Television (now CBS Television Studios), Pay Television Showtime , publisher Simon & Schuster, and theme park Paramount Parks. Meanwhile, the new Viacom, which will be formed through the company split, will be responsible forMTV Networks, which operates Paramount movies , MTV specializing in cable television , Nickelodeon, etc. , and BET . The company plans to acquire CSTV (College Sports TV) on November 3, 2013 for $ 325 million. CSTV's CEO fled CBS CEO Leslie Moonves to the end, but merged in January 2006.
* **2006:** CBS Paramount Network Television Entertainment Group revives CBS Records to reduce television program production costs. It is distributed for 1 dollar per song on iTunes and its own site. The aim is to raise awareness through TV broadcasting on the CBS body and name value as a former reputation. The CBS record will not be spun off and will have about 10 staff members. At the start, the contract artists were singer / songwriters PJ Olson and Will Daly, and rock band Senor Happy. In October , the company signed a contract with YouTube , anInternet video distribution site , and launched "CBS Brand Channel" on YouTube, which distributes commercials such as the CSI series and some programs on YouTube.
* **2014:** Launched CBS All Access , an Internet video distribution service, that distributes original programs in addition to CBS's current and past television programs.