recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Action of Transistors

< Previous................................................................................................................................................Next >

IE = Emitter Current ; IB = Base Current ; IC = Collector Current

## Transistor as an Amplifier

Transistors can increase th voltage from another source of voltage . This process is called as amplification of Voltage .

## Transistor as a Switch

< Previous................................................................................................................................................Next >
Electrons & Photons MCQs

## Level 1

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## Level 2

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## Level 3

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## Level 4

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## Level 5

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## Level 6

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## Level 7

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## Level 8

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## Level 9

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## Level Ultimate !

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Electronics

## Paper 1

1. Electronic Devices
2. DC Power Supplies
3. Transducers
4. Operational Amplifiers
5. Modern Electronic Communication
6. Study of Integrated Circuits

## Paper 2

1. Number Systems
2. Logic Gates
3. Semiconductor Digital ICs
4. Combinational Logic Circuits
5. Electronic Counters
6. A/D and D/A Converters
7. Computer Fundamentals

Electronics Project Maker

## Content

1. Circuit Diagrams
2. Workings
3. Logic Circuits
Mathematical Logic MCQs

## Level 1

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## Level 2

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## Level 3

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## Level 4

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## Level 5

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## Level 6

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## Level 7

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## Level 8

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## Level 9

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## Level Ultimate !

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Richie

N/A

Richie is your rival and Team Admin of Team Luster.

He uses the starter weaker to your starter.

## Team

Before 2nd gym: Starter [lvl 12] and Eevee [lvl 11]

Before 5th Gym: 3rd stage Starter [lvl 37] ,Flareon [lvl 35],and Sheeshkob [lvl 37].

Victory Road: 3rd stage starter[lvl 56],Flareon[lvl 56],Sheeshkob[lvl 58],Luxray [lvl 54],Slowking [lvl 54,and Vileplume [lvl 55].

Team Luster Base: Mega 3rd stage starter [lvl 65],Flareon[lvl 66],Sheeshkob[lvl 68],Luxray[lvl 65],Slowking[lvl 64],and Vileplume [lvl 66].

Team Servon Base: Mega Sheeskob [lvl 76]

## Team Luster

Richie joined Team Luster after being shown up by Andy/Alyssa too many times. Leo Luster came up and asked him if he wanted to join,and even promised Fame and Fortunes. He trains to become the strongest and finally beat Andy/Alyssa. Once you beat him for the last time,he leaves Team Luster and helps to beat Team Servon.

## In The Second Version

In the second version,Richie stays with Team Luster and helps Leo to take over the world by releasing Aperba from it's slumber and take over the world with it.

## Quotes in MPL3

* "I'm tired.." - First meeting
* "What day is it?" - First meeting
* "Is there a McPoke's around here?" - After first battle
* "I got this!" - Before 2nd battle
* "Crepe..." - After 2nd battle
* "I'll beat you this time!" -Before 3rd battle
* "Mr.Luster told me to do this!" - Before 4th battle"
* "You've taught me so much...." -After last battle.
Gravitation MCQs

## Level 1

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## Level 2

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## Level 3

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 A ball kicked vertically upwards on a planet , reaches a height of 19.6 m and then comes back to the point of throw . If the time of ascent is 1 seconds then the value of g is :

a)19.6 m/s2 b)9.8 m/s2 c)4.9 m/s2 d)980 m/s2

* Select :
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\_\_

 Correct Answer !

 Wrong

 Answer : a

 Wrong

 Answer : a

 Wrong

 Answer : a
## Level 5

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1= A ball kicked vertically upwards on a planet , reaches a height of 19.6 m and then comes back to the point of throw . If the time of ascent is 2 seconds then th value of g is :

a)19.6 m/s2 b)9.8 m/s2 c)4.9 m/s2 d)980 m/s2

* Select :
* a
* b
* c
* d

\_\_

 Wrong

 Answer : b

 Correct Answer !

 Wrong

 Answer : b

 Wrong

 Answer : b
## Level 6

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## Level 7

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## Level 8

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## Level 9

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## Level Ultimate !

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English

Unit One : **Self**

1. The Person I am Looking For
2. A two Billion Dollar Dream
3. The Turning Point of My Life
4. To be Somebody , Remain A Nobody

Unit Two : **Family**

1. I Ran Into A Stranger
2. A Boy With a Mission
3. One Full , One Half
4. Who Was The Happiest Of Them All ?

 Unit Three : **City/Town**

1. Suburbs
2. Where have all the Birds Gone ?
3. A Tale For Many Cities
4. Aamchi Mumbai & I

 Unit Four : **Society**

1. Old Women
2. 16 killed in Haridwar Stampede
3. A Yawning Divide

 Unit Five : **State**

1. The felling of the Banyan Tree
2. Towards Ideal Villages
3. Under the Yoke
4. Realization of a Dream

 Unit Six : **Nation**

1. A Nation's Strength
2. Audience with Anant Pai
3. India's Underclass Gets Upwardly Mobile

 Unit Seven : **World**

1. Peace is a Women and a Mother
2. What would it be Like ?
3. The Animal School : A Fable

 Unit Eight : **Universe / Environment**

1. Concrete Jungle
2. Ecowatch : "R" You Ready
3. World Population : View-Counterview
4. Humans , Be Humane

```
**Rapid Reading** Section

```

1. The Daisy
2. The Girl with an Apple
3. Skeleton in the Cupboard
4. As You Like It
5. No Fear

## Grammar

For main Article , Visit : English Grammar

* Figures of Speech
* Types of Sentences
* Modal Auxillaries
* Clauses (Clauss and Relative Clauses)
* Reported Speech
* Active & Passive Voice
* Discourse Markers
* Degrees of Comparison
* Gerund and Infinitives

## Writing Skills

1. Interviews
2. Letter Writing (Formal , Informal , Semiformal)
3. Report Writing
4. Dialogue Writing
5. Speech Writing
6. Information Transfer
Biology

## Syllabus

1. Genetic basis of Inheritance
2. Gene : its Nature , Expression and Regulation
3. Biotechnology : Process and Application
4. Enhancement in Food Production
5. Microbes in Human Welfare
6. Photosynthesis
7. Respiration
8. Reproduction in Plants
9. Organisms and Environment - 1
10. Origin and Evolution of Life
11. Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance
12. Genetic Engineering and Genomics
13. Human Health and Diseases
14. Animal Husbandry
15. Circulation
16. Excretion and Osmoregulation
17. Control and Coordination
18. Human Reproduction
19. Organisms and Environment - 2

2. List of Diagrams
3. Time Management

..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

## Contents

1. Important chapters
2. Diagrams
Gerund and Infinitives

## Gerund

A **gerund** is a noun made from a verb by adding "-ing." The gerund form of the verb "read" is "reading." You can use a gerund as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence.

Examples:

* **Reading** helps you learn English. (*subject of sentence)*
* Her favorite hobby is **reading**. (*complement of sentence)*
* I enjoy **reading**. (*object of sentence)*

## Negative Gerunds

**Gerunds** can be made negative by adding "not."

Examples:

* He enjoys **not working**.
* The best thing for your health is **not smoking**.

## Infinitives

**Infinitives** are the "to" form of the verb. The infinitive form of "learn" is "to learn." You can also use an infinitive as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence.

Examples:

* **To learn** is important. *subject of sentence*
* The most important thing is **to learn**. *complement of sentence*
* He wants **to learn**. *object of sentence*

Infinitives can be made negative by adding "not."

Examples:

* I decided **not to go**.
* The most important thing is **not to give up**.

## USe of Gerund and Infinitives

Both **gerunds** and **infinitives** can be used as the subject or the complement of a sentence. However, as subjects or complements, gerunds usually sound more like normal, spoken English, whereas infinitives sound more abstract. In the following sentences, gerunds sound more natural and would be more common in everyday English. Infinitives emphasize the possibility or potential for something and sound more philosophical. If this sounds confusing, just remember that 90% of the time, you will use a gerund as the subject or complement of a sentence.

Examples:

* **Learning** is important. (*normal subject)*
* **To learn** is important. (*abstract subject - less common)*
* The most important thing is **learning**. (*normal complement)*
* The most important thing is **to learn**. (*abstract complement - less common)*

As the object of a sentence, it is more difficult to choose between a gerund or an infinitive. In such situations, gerunds and infinitives are not normally interchangeable. Usually, the main verb in the sentence determines whether you use a gerund or an infinitive.

Examples:

* He **enjoys** **swimming**. (*"Enjoy" requires a gerund.)*
* He **wants** **to swim**. (*"Want" requires an infinitive.)*

Some verbs are followed by gerunds as objects.

Examples:

* She **suggested** **going** to a movie.
* Mary **keeps** **talking** about her problems.

Some verbs are followed by infinitives. List of Verbs Followed by Infinitives

Examples:

* She **wants** **to go** to a movie.
* Mary **needs** **to talk** about her problems.
Differentiation

## Formulas for Derivatives

 Composite Functions

g(f(x)) can be differentiated as d f(x)/dx . d (g(x))/dx

## Inverse Functions

Inv (A) : Substitution of the variables to simplify the equation .

Inv (B) : Substitution using pythagorean triplets of a triangle .

## Logarithmic Differentiation

1) This method is used when a variable is raised to a variable .

2) Take log on both sides .

3) Differentiate w.r.t. x

Log(A) : Differentiating logs on both sides . (Used with multiplication and Division)

log (B) : Differentiating logs separately and then addition / subtraction (Used with Addition and Subtraction)

## Explicit & Implicit Functions

Explicit Function : y = 3x2 + 2x + 5

Implicit Function : y2 + x2 + xy = 0

To differentiate implicit functions , differentiate the entire equation w.r.t. x and then bring dy/dx terms together .

## Parametric Functions

Parametric functions , are those functions which can be expressed using a common variable . We first differentiate both functions w.r.t. the common variable . Then we divide their differential values , to find their differential w.r.t. each other .

Para (A) : Differentiating separately with respect to the common variable and then dividing them .

Para (B) : Differentiate separately and then divide dx/dy

## Higher Order Differential

Higher Order differentiation deals with differentiating a function multiple times .

## Differentiability and Continuity

If a function is differentiable at a given point , then it is continuous at that point.

If a function is continuous at a point , it is not necessary that it is differentiable .
Aldehydes , Ketones & Carboxylic Acids

# Aldehydes & Ketones

 Preparation

1. Oxidation of Alcohols
2. From Calcium Salts of Fatty Acids
3. By Reduction
	* of Acyl Chlorides
	* of Cyanides
4. From Alkenes and Alkynes
5. Preparation of Aromatic Aldehydes
	* From Toluene (Etard Reaction)
		+ with CrO2Cl2
		+ WIth CrO3
		+ Chlorination and Hydrolysis
	* From Benzene
6. Preparation of Aromatic Ketone
	* From Benzene (with Acid Chloride)
7. Ketones from R2Cd

## Reactions

1. Addition
	* HCN
	* NaHSO3
	* NH3
	* Grignard Reagent (Formation of Alcohols)
2. Condensation with Derivatives of Ammonia
	* NH2OH (Oxime)
	* NH2NH2 (Hydrazine)
	* C6H5NHNH2 (Phenyl Hydrazine)
3. Reduction
	* Reduction to Alcohol
	* to Alkane
4. Oxidation
	* to Carboxylic Acid
5. Haloform Reaction

## Uses

1. 40% aqueous Formaldehyde is called as Formalin , which is used in preservation of biological and anatomical species .

# Carboxylic Acid

 Preparation

1. Oxidation
	* Alcohols
	* Aldehydes and Ketones
	* Alkyl Benzene (Oxidation of aliphatic chain)
2. Hydrolysis
	* Acyl Chloride
	* Esters
3. From Dry Ice (Using Grignard Reagent

## Reactions

1. Substitution of H in O-H bond
	* Na
		+ Na
		+ NaOH
		+ NaHCO3 or Na2CO3
	* Alcohol (Formation of Esters)
2. Substitution of -OH bond
	* NH3
	* Chlorination using PCl3 , PCl5 , SOCl2
3. Condensation
	* Formation of Acid Anhydride
4. Reduction
	* to Alcohols
5. Coupling
	* Formation of Alkane
6. Halognation of α Carbon atom
Microbes in Human Welfare MCQs

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## Level 2

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## Level 3

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## Level 4

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## Level 5

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## Level 6

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## Level 7

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## Level 8

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## Level 9

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## Level Ultimate !

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.
Commerce : Maths

## Syllabus

1. Mathematical Logic
2. Matrices
3. Continuity
4. Differentiation
5. Application of Derivative
6. Indefinite Integration
7. Definite Integrals
8. Ratio , Proportion and Partnership
9. Commision , Brokerage and Discount
10. Insurance and Annuity
11. Demography
12. Bivariate Data and Correlation
13. Regression Analysis
14. Random Variable and Probability Distribution
15. Management Mathematics
Biotechnology : Process and Application

## Recombinant DNA technology

.It is the technique of manipulating the genome of a cell or organism so as to change the phenotype desirably.It includes many fundamental steps

## Transposons, plasmids and bacteriophages

.Tramsposons are sequences of DNA that can move or transpose themselves to new posotions within the genome of a single cell

.Plasmids are extra-chromosomal ,double stranded,circular forms of DNA that replicate autonomously

.Bacteriophage is a virus that infects bacteria

## Lytic cycle

It involves following essential steps

.Attachment

.Penetration

.Synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids

.Virion assembly

.Release of virions

## Restriction fragments

It is a DNA fragment obtained from cutting of a DNA strand by restriction enzyme(Restriction endonuclease).It is a biological catalyst

## DNA library

It is collection of two types

Gemomic library

.Collection of all clones of DNA fragments that represents complete genome

cDNA library

.It is complementary DNA library

## Gene amplification(PCR)

It is a process of obtaining multiple copies of known DNA sequence that contains a gene

Essential steps of PCR technique are:

.Heat denaturation

.Annealing

.Polymerisation

## Application of biotechnology in agriculture

.Biotechnology is a revolutionarized branch with various useful application

## Test Yourself !

You are now ready to take a test on this chapter .

Take a simple 30 minute test here : Test : Biotechnology : Process and Application
Alcohols , Phenols & Ethers

# Alcohols

Alcohols can be prepared by hydration of Alkenes , Hydrolysis of Alkyl halides , Oxidation of Ketones / Aldehydes , From Grignard's Reagent , Hydroboration - Oxidation .

Alcohols undergo Oxidation , Esterification , Reactions with Metals , HCl , HBr , HI , PCl3 , PCl5 , SOCl2 .

# Phenols

Phenol is Carbolic Acid .

Phenols are prepared by Dow Process , Raschig Process , Diazotization and from Cumene .

Phenols undergo Halogenation , Sulphonation , Nitration , Kolbe's Reaction , Riemer - Tiemann Reaction , Zinc dust reaction , Oxidation .

# Ethers

Ethers are prepared from Alcohols , Alkyl Halides , and from Alcohol and Diazomethane .

Ethers undergo Hydrohalogenation , Hydrolysis , halogenation , Friedel Crafts reaction and Nitration .

Ethers are highly volatile .

## Methods of Preparation

Alcohols
 From Alkyl
Halides
 From
Alcohol &
diazomethane
March 2011 : Physics

**Physics**

**70 Marks**

**3 Hours**

NOTE:

1. All Questions are compulsory
2. Answers to the two sections are to be written on same answer sheet .
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks
4. Draw neat and labelled diagrams , wherever necessary
5. Use of Logarithmic Table is allowed .
6. Answer to every question must be started on a new page .

Section 1

Q.1) Select and write the appropriate Answer from the given alternatives for each sub-question : [7]

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. .

Q.2) Answer any SIX of the following : [12]

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. .
8. .

Q.3) Answer any THREE of the following : [9]

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

Q.4) Answer any ONE of the following : [7]

1. .
2. .

.

Section 2

Q.1) Select and write the appropriate Answer from the given alternatives for each sub-question : [7]

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. .

Q.2) Answer any SIX of the following : [12]

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. .
8. .

Q.3) Answer any THREE of the following : [9]

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

Q.4) Answer any ONE of the following : [7]

1. .
2. .
Elasticity MCQs

## Level 1

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## Level 2

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## Level 3

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## Level 4

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## Level 5

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## Level 6

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## Level 7

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## Level 8

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## Level 9

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## Level Ultimate !

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Career Guidance : Arts

Its the right time now to look deeper into your stream . Now it is not just science , arts or commerce but it is Teaching/Historian , Artist , etc. It's time to think carefully on what part of your stream interests you the most .

## Let's Begin !

**Firstly,** Make a choice between your subjects . Your current subjects are important and easiest way to choose your career .
Atoms , Molecules & Nuclei MCQs

## Level 1

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## Level 2

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## Level 3

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Q.1) Which of these waves have the least wavelength ?

a)alpha b)gamma c) beta d) X-rays

* Select :
* a
* b
* c
* d

\_\_

 Wrong

 Answer : b

 Correct Answer !

 Wrong

 Answer : b

 Wrong

 Answer : b

Q.2) Half life of a Radioactive Substance is 120 days . It's initial value is 16 g . How many days does it take to become 1 g ?

a)540 b)360 c) 480 d)640

* Select :
* a
* b
* c
* d

\_\_

 Wrong

 Answer : c

 Wrong

 Answer : c

 Correct Answer !

 Wrong

 Answer : c
## Level 4

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## Level 5

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## Level 6

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## Level 7

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## Level 8

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## Level 9

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## Level Ultimate !

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Electrostatics

## Gauss' Theorem

NEI = εE

TNEI = ∫ NEI = ∫ εE dscosθ

**The** **Gauss's Law** states that the Total Normal Electric Induction is equal to the algebraic sum of the Charges enclosed by the surface .

**TNEI = Qi**

## Energy Density

Potential Energy per unit Volume = 1/2 E2ε

## Dielectrics and Polarization

Polar

Non-Polar

Electric Moments

Polarization = P = σp {Amount of charge induced due to external electric field}

## Capacitance

Q = CV

C = Q/V

C = Aε / d

**Series Combination :**

Cs = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + 1/C3 + .... +1/Cn

**Parallel Combination :**

Cp = C1 + C2 + C3 + .... + Cn

**Energy Stored in a Capacitor :**

E = 1/2 CV2

**Force between the plates of Capacitor :**

F = Q2 / 2Aε

C = kCo
Aldehydes , Ketones & Carboxylic Acids MCQs

## Level 1

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## Level 2

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Q.1)When primary amine reacts with chloroform in presence of ethanolic KOH , then product is :

a)isocyanide b)cyanide c)aldehyde d)alcohol

* Select :
* a
* b
* c
* d

\_\_

 Correct Answer !

 Wrong

 Answer : a

 Wrong

 Answer : a

 Wrong

 Answer : a
## Level 3

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## Level 4

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## Level 5

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## Level 6

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## Level 7

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## Level 8

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## Level 9

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## Level Ultimate !

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Definite Integration MCQs

## Level 1

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## Level 2

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## Level 3

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## Level 4

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## Level 5

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## Level 6

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Q.1)

a)1 b)π/4 c)0 d)π

* Select :
* a
* b
* c
* d

\_\_

 Wrong

 Answer : b

 Correct Answer !

 Wrong

 Answer : b

 Wrong

 Answer : b
## Level 7

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## Level 8

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## Level 9

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## Level Ultimate !

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.
Biology : List of Diagrams

## Part 1 : Botany

1. Structure of RNA and DNA
2. Steps of Polymerase Chain Reaction and Agrobacterium
3. TS of Anther
4. TS of Typical Flower
5. Pollen Postal Interaction of Chloroplast
6. Kranz Anatomy and TS of Root Nodule
7. RNA Technology and structure of Biogas plant

## Part 2 : Zoology

1. Malphagian Body
2. Internal View of Human Brain
3. Spinal Cord
4. Thyroid Gland
5. Thymus Gland
6. Synaptic Gland
7. Structure of Sperm
8. TS of Thyroid Gland
9. Functional Area of Brain
10. Structure of Nephron
11. Dorsal and Ventral View of Human Heart
12. Excretory System
13. TS of Artery and Vein
MHT CET : Tips , Tricks and Shortcuts for Chemistry

## p-Block Elements

1. To remember structures of Oxyacids of Phosphorous : All compounds have P=O bond , if pyro then P-O-P bond ; if ric then all are OH groups . If Ortho then compound with 1 Phosphorus ; Hyphosphorus then 1 Phosphorous ; Hypophosphoric then 2 Phosphorous .
2. To remember Oxyacids of Sulphur : All Sulphur have S=O bond except Thiosulphurous acid having S=S bond . if ric then 6 valencies of Sulphur are satisfied by =O and -OH groups . if pyro , then S-O-S bond present ;if peroxy then S-O-O- bond present . If dithio then 2 sulphur present .
Application of Definite Integration MCQs

## Level 1

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## Level 2

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 Q.1) The Area enclosed by x=0 , y=0 and x+y=2 is :

a)1 b)2 c)3 d)4

* Select :
* a
* b
* c
* d

\_\_

 Wrong

 Answer : b

 Correct Answer !

 Wrong

 Answer : b

 Wrong

 Answer : b
## Level 3

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## Level 4

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## Level 5

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## Level 6

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## Level 7

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## Level 8

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## Level 9

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## Level Ultimate !

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Control and Coordination MCQs

## Level 1

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## Level 2

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## Level 3

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## Level 4

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## Level 5

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## Level 6

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## Level 7

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## Level 8

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## Level 9

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## Level Ultimate !

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Biology & Human Welfare

Health and Disease; Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (Malaria, Filariasis, Ascariasis. Typhoid, Pneumonia,
common cold, amoebiasis, ring worm); Basic concepts of immunology-vaccines; Cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence,
drug and alcohol abuse.

 Improvement in food production; Plant breeding, tissue culture, single cell protein, Biofortification; Apiculture and Animal
husbandry.

 Microbes in human welfare: In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and
as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers.
Career Guidance : PCMB

Now , you need to make a decision between Maths and Biology , and we will help you with it ! just answer a simple question below :

## The Question

If one day , we forced you to study for 12 Hours and allowyou to select between Biology and Maths , which one would you pick ? Remember **12 Hours** strictly !

If you choose Biology , then you can go to : Career Guidance : PCB

If you choose Maths , then you can go to : Career Guidance : PCM

## Still Confused ?

If you are still confused , then you may give yourself a little more time , or else the **best** you can do is select a pure Science Career .
Linear Programming Problems MCQs

## Level 1

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## Level 2

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## Level 3

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## Level 4

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## Level 5

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## Level 6

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## Level 7

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## Level 8

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## Level 9

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## Level Ultimate !

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Computer Science : Most Important Questions

## CS 1

1. What is an Operating System ? Write it's functions .
2. Which are the three main areas in which oprating system divides it's service ?
3. What is meant by a System Call ? How is it used ? How does an application program use thses calls during execution ?
4. What are the features of : a) Windows NT b) Windows 98 c) LINUX
5. Explain : a) Tracks and Sectors b) Seek TIme c) Latency Time d) Transmissional Time for a Disk .
6. What is VDU ? Explain a) Dumb Trminal b) Intelligent Terminal
7. Explain Process Scheduling . Explain the following terms : a) Turnaround TIme b) Waiting TIme c) Terminal Response Time d) Event Response Time .
8. Explain : a) External Priority b) Internal Priority c) Purchased Priority d) Time Slice
9. Explain Memory map of single user operating System .
10. Explain : a) Contiguous Memory Allocation b) Paging c) Segmentation d) Virtual Memory
11. What is GUI ? State any four advantages of GUI .
12. What are the essential components of GUI ?
13. What are attacks on Security ?
14. Explain : a) Worms b) Viruses

### Data Structures

1. What is Data Structure ?
2. Explain six data structure operations
3. Write the algorithms for : a) Traversing b)Searching c) Inserting d) Deleting e) Sorting
4. Explain : a) Records b) Linked Lists c) Arrays d) Queues
5. Binary Tree Diagrams

### Arrays , Pointers , Strings and File Operations

1. ''What are pointers ? Explain 'Call by value' and 'Call by Reference' .
2. Describe the classes available in file operations .

### C++ Classes

1. What is object oriented programming ? What are the featuresof OOP ?
2. Explain : a) Objects b) Classes c) Inheritance d) Polymorphism
3. What is a class ? Give its General Declaration .
4. Describe declaration of member functions inside and outside class .
5. What are friend functions ?
6. What is a constructor ? Why is it called so ? Give its characteristics .
7. What is a destructor ? Give its syntax .
8. What is operator ovrloading ? Give it's syntax .
9. What are the Rules of Operator Overloading ?
10. Short Note on : type conversions
11. What is Inheritance ? Explain the types of Inheritance .
12. What is Virtual Base Class ?
13. What is polymorphism ? Explain runtime and compile time polymorphism .
14. Explain the concept of Virtual Functions . Write any 8 basic rules of Virtual Functions .

## CS 2

To be updated on 11th March , 2016 . Stay Tuned .
Cell Structure & Function

 Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life; Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell; Plant cell and animal cell; Cell
envelope, cell membrane, cell wall; Cell organelles-structure and function; Endomembrane system-endoplasmic reticulum,
Golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles; mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, micro bodies; Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella,
centrioles (ultra structure and function); Nucleus-nuclear membrane, chromatin, nucleolus.

 Chemical constituents of living cells: Biomolecules-structure and function of proteins, carbodydrates, lipids, nucleic acids;
Enzymes-types, properties, enzyme action.

 B Cell division: Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and their significance.
March 2010 : Chemistry

**Chemistry**

**70 Marks**

**3 Hours**

NOTE:

1. All Questions are compulsory
2. Answers to the two sections are to be written on same answer sheet .
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks
4. Write balanced chemical equations and draw neat and labelled diagrams , wherever necessary
5. Use of Logarithmic Table is allowed .
6. Answer to every question must be started on a new page .

Section 1

Q.1) Select and write the appropriate Answer from the given alternatives for each sub-question : [7]

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. .

Q.2) Answer any SIX of the following : [12]

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. .
8. .

Q.3) Answer any THREE of the following : [9]

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

Q.4) Answer any ONE of the following : [7]

1. .
2. .

.

Section 2

Q.1) Select and write the appropriate Answer from the given alternatives for each sub-question : [7]

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. .

Q.2) Answer any SIX of the following : [12]

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. .
8. .

Q.3) Answer any THREE of the following : [9]

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

Q.4) Answer any ONE of the following : [7]

1. .
2. .
Alcohols , Phenols & Ethers MCQs

## Level 1

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## Level 2

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 The compounds CH3CH2-O-CH2CH3 and CH3-O-CH2CH2CH3are  :

```
a)Functional Isomers  b)Metamers  c)Geometric Isomers   d)Chain Isomers

```

* Select :
* a
* b
* c
* d

\_\_

 Wrong

 Answer : b

 Correct Answer !

 Wrong

 Answer : b

 Wrong

 Answer : b The compounds CH3CH2-O-CH2CH3 and CH3CH2-O-CH2CH2CH3 are :

a)Metamers b)Chain Isomers c)Functional Isomers d)None of these

* Select :
* a
* b
* c
* d

\_\_

 Wrong

 Answer : d

 Wrong

 Answer : d

 Wrong

 Answer : d

 Correct Answer !
## Level 3

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## Level 4

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## Level 5

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## Level 6

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## Level 7

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## Level 8

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## Level 9

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## Level Ultimate !

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Human Physiology

 Digestion and absorption; Alimentary canal and digestive glands; Role of digestive enzymes and gastrointestinal hormones;
Peristalsis, digestion, absorption and assimilation of proteins, carbohydrates and fats; Caloric value of proteins, carbohydrates
and fats; Egestion; Nutritional and digestive disorders – PEM, indigestion, constipation, vomiting, jaundice, diarrhea.

 Breathing and Respiration: Respiratory organs in animals (recall only); Respiratory system in humans; Mechanism of breathing
and its regulation in humans-Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration Respiratory volumes; Disorders
related to respiration-Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational respiratory disorders.

 Body fluids and circulation: Composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation of blood; Composition of lymph and its function;
Human circulatory system-Structure of human heart and blood vessels; Cardiac cycle, cardiac output, ECG, Double circulation;
Regulation of cardiac activity; Disorders of circulatory system-Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Angina pectoris, Heart
failure.

 Excretory products and their elimination: Modes of excretion- Ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism; Human excretory
system-structure and fuction; Urine formation, Osmoregulation; Regulation of kidney function-Renin-angiotensin, Atrial
Natriuretic Factor, ADH and Diabetes insipidus; Role of other organs in excretion; Disorders; Uraemia, Renal failure, Renal
calculi, Nephritis; Dialysis and artificial kidney.

 Locomotion and Movement: Types of movement- ciliary, fiagellar, muscular; Skeletal muscle- contractile proteins and muscle
contraction; Skeletal system and its functions (To be dealt with the relevant practical of Practical syllabus); Joints; Disorders of
muscular and skeletal system-Myasthenia gravis, Tetany, Muscular dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout.

 Neural control and coordination: Neuron and nerves; Nervous system in humans- central nervous system, peripheral nervous
system and visceral nervous system; Generation and conduction of nerve impulse; Reflex action; Sense organs; Elementary
structure and function of eye and ear.

 Chemical coordination and regulation: Endocrine glands and hormones; Human endocrine system-Hypothalamus, Pituitary,
Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads; Mechanism of hormone action (Elementary Idea); Role of hormones as
messengers and regulators, Hypo-and hyperactivity and related disorders (Common disorders e.g. Dwarfism, Acromegaly,
Cretinism, goiter, exopthalmic goiter, diabetes, Addison’s disease).

(Imp: Diseases and disorders mentioned above to be dealt in brief.)
March 2014 : Chemistry

**Chemistry**

**70 Marks**

**3 Hours**

NOTE:

1. All Questions are compulsory
2. Answers to the two sections are to be written on same answer sheet .
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks
4. Write balanced chemical equations and draw neat and labelled diagrams , wherever necessary
5. Use of Logarithmic Table is allowed .
6. Answer to every question must be started on a new page .

Section 1

Q.1) Select and write the appropriate Answer from the given alternatives for each sub-question : [7]

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. .

Q.2) Answer any SIX of the following : [12]

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. .
8. .

Q.3) Answer any THREE of the following : [9]

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

Q.4) Answer any ONE of the following : [7]

1. .
2. .

.

Section 2

Q.1) Select and write the appropriate Answer from the given alternatives for each sub-question : [7]

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. .

Q.2) Answer any SIX of the following : [12]

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. .
8. .

Q.3) Answer any THREE of the following : [9]

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .

Q.4) Answer any ONE of the following : [7]

1. .
2. .
Chemistry MCQs

1. Solid State MCQs
2. Solutions & Colligative Properties MCQs
3. Chemical Thermodynamics MCQs
4. Electrochemistry MCQs
5. Chemical Kinetics MCQs
6. General Principles & Isolation of Metals MCQs
7. p Block Elements MCQs
8. d & f Block Elements MCQs
9. Coordination Compounds MCQs
10. Halogen Derivatives of Alkanes & Haloarenes MCQs
11. Alcohols , Phenols & Ethers MCQs
12. Aldehydes , Ketones & Carboxylic Acids MCQs
13. Compounds containing Nitrogen MCQs
14. Biomolecules MCQs
15. Polymers MCQs
16. Chemistry in Everyday Life MCQs.
Electromagnetic Induction & Alternating Current MCQs

## Level 1

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## Level 2

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## Level 3

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## Level 4

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## Level 5

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## Level 6

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## Level 7

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## Level 8

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## Level 9

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## Level Ultimate !

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Enhancement in Food Production MCQs

## Level 1

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## Level 2

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## Level 3

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## Level 4

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## Level 5

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## Level 6

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## Level 7

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## Level 8

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## Level 9

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## Level Ultimate !

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Discourse Markers

**Discourse markers** are words or phrases like *anyway, right, okay, as I say, to begin with*. We use them to connect, organise and manage what we say or write or to express attitude:

## Example

Friend 1 : ***So***, *I’ve decided I’m going to go to the bank and ask for a car loan*.

Friend 2 : **Now** , t*hat sounds like a good idea*.

Friend 3 : ***Well***, *you need a car*.

Friend 2 : ***Right***.

Friend 1 : ***Anyway***, *I was wondering if either of you would teach me how to drive*.

The words highlighted are Discourse Markers

## List of Discourse Markers

We use different discourse markers in speaking and writing. In speaking, the following discourse markers are very common:

In writing, the following discourse markers are common:

Discourse markers do not always have meanings that you will find in your dictionary. However, they do have certain functions, and some discourse markers, such as *well*, can have a number of functions.
De Broglie Hypothesis

< Previous................................................................................................................................................Next >

## Wavelength of Electron

By de Broglie Equation ;

< Previous................................................................................................................................................Next >
Forms of Business Organizations

.
A Commercial Organisation is an institution which is engaged in manufacturing and distribution activities with an aim to earn profits.
The Forms of business organisation are as follows- 1. Private Sector- A.Sole Trading Concern.
B.Partnership Firm.
C.Joint Hindu Family D.Joint Stock Company.
E.Co-operative Society.
2. Public Sector
( Governmental and Statutory Corporations)
Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

## Chromosomes(chroma-colour,soma-body

.They are filamentous bodies present in nucleus

.They play an important role in heredity,variation,mutation and evolution of species

## Linkage and crossing over

As genes are present on the chromosomes,they have a tendency to inherit together

## Sex-linked inheritance

-X-linked or sex linked genes

-Y-linked or holandric genes

## Sex determination

.In human the sex determination is of XX-XY type

.Father is responsible for sex of child not mother

.In honey bees ,sex us determined by the number of sets of chromosomes recieved by an individual

## Mendelian disorders

Thalassemia-It is a group of autosomal inherited diaorder characterized by decreased synthesis of either alpha or beta globin chain of HbA

## Chromosomal disorders

Down's syndrome-It is due to an extra chromosome number 21

.It shows presence of three copies (trisomy)

(46+1=47)

SEX CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMALITIES

Turner's syndrome-It arises due to non dis junction during meiosis of either male or female

.It is referred as momosomy

(44+XO)

Klinefilter's syndrome-It arises due to an extra sex chromosome i.e; extra X chromosome, so the genotype is XXY instead of XY

.The sufferer has 47 chromosome instead of 46
Magnetic Effect of Electric Current MCQs

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Q 1) A torroid is a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ .

a)Ring shaped open solenoid

b)Ring shaped closed solenoid

c)Rectangular shaped solenoid

d)Square shaped solenoid

* Select :
* a
* b
* c
* d

\_\_

 Wrong

 Answer : b

 Correct Answer !

 Wrong

 Answer : b

 Wrong

 Answer : b
## Level 2

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## Level 4

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## Level 5

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## Level 6

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## Level 7

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## Level 8

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## Level 9

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## Level Ultimate !

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.