The Israeli Government

The **Government of Israel** is the executive authority of the Union of Israeli Socialist Republics. It is headed by the Prime Minister, and its members include ministers, who the Prime Minister has the authority to appoint and dismiss them (with the approval of the Knesset). The Israeli government has authority in most aspects of the state and the public, and it represents the UISR externally. The Ministers are responsible for all government decisions and actions, even if they are contrary to their opinions.

## Info

### Number of Ministers

20

For most of the years of the state (including the second decade of the 21st century), the formation of a government by the president is the responsibility of the person recommended by the majority of the Knesset members and is intended to be prime minister. In order to form a government, the candidate for prime minister on whom the formation of the government was assigned is required to receive the Knesset's trust, that is, an ordinary majority in the Knesset that votes for the government. Thus, it is natural to form a coalition of several parties (in what is known as a "chariot act") and to appoint the party leaders as ministers, thus gaining the confidence of the Knesset. Two Times, a government was formed, in which the leaders of the major parties (First in 1984, the Likud and Labor, And second in March/April 2020, With the 2 Factions of the SIP) served as rotating prime ministers. In 2020, Multiple Governments were formed that included 2 prime ministers who served intermittently and were due to be replaced at a pre-determined time.

Beginning in the 1990s, most governments were relatively narrow, but several times a national unity government was formed, which included a significant portion of the Knesset factions. A small number of coalitions have won the trust of a large number of Knesset members.

Over the years, a number of ministers have been appointed, who did not serve as Knesset members at the time.

The seat of the Israeli government is the Government Quarter, Jerusalem.

## Structure of the Government

The following list lists the institutions and positions that make up the Israeli government:

### Prime Minister

The Prime Minister is the head of the executive branch in the country, they have the highest authority in the Israeli system of government. (Although the law defines the president as the head of state, it gives the prime minister the maximum powers of government). The Prime Minister is the senior minister in the government, and they are responsible for all its activities. The prime minister must also be a member of the Knesset (any minister other than the prime minister does not have to be a member of the Knesset). If the Prime Minister resigned from their membership in the Knesset - this resignation is also seen as their resignation from the Prime Ministership.

The law states that when the prime minister dies or resigns - the entire government resigns with them, and it is necessary to form a new government.

The Responsibilites of the Prime Minister are:

* Representing the government and the state internally and externally.
* Conducting government meetings and the work of the government in general: setting the agenda of the government and chairing its meetings, guiding the Government Secretary in publishing matters relating to government discussions and decisions, and determining the matters to be addressed by the government, and being primarily responsible for government policy results.
* Ministers are accountable to the Prime Minister for the positions they are in charge of.
* The Prime Minister may remove a minister from office after notifying the Government of their intention to do so, and after notifying the Minister of a transfer from office. The Prime Minister also replaces ministers who have resigned or are unable to perform their duties.
* Overseeing the work of the ministerial committees.
* The Prime Minister is the chairman of the Ministerial Committee on Security Affairs.
* Signing the Knesset laws.
* The prime minister has considerable influence in the area of ​​major appointments, which require government approval.
* The prime minister cannot force their opinion on the government directly, but they can fire ministers (even without the consent of the Knesset) and appoint new ministers (with the approval of the Knesset) in a way that will buy them maximum support. They may dissolve the Knesset in a situation where there is a majority in the Knesset that does not allow the government to function, with the approval of the President of the State and thus bring about new elections.

### Alternate Prime Minister

The title "Alternate Prime Minister" is a position of legal and not just symbolic significance. The Alternate Prime Minister conducts government meetings when the Prime Minister is outside Israel and serves in their place when the Prime Minister is temporarily unable to fulfill their role. When the prime minister is unable to perform their duties permanently, or when the temporary detention lasts for more than "100 consecutive days", the Alternate prime minister is not appointed in their place, but the government is considered to resign and continues to serve as a Transitional government. During the term of office of a transitional government, the Government may appoint an "Acting Prime Minister" to perform the functions of the Prime Minister without priority to the Alternate Prime Minister.

The Title Alternate Prime Minister only Happens when there is a Unity Government.

### Vice Prime Minister

The Vice Prime Minister is a title that does not exist in the laws of the UISR and has no statutory significance. Its purpose is to constitute a more honorable title than the title of Deputy Prime Minister of Israel.

### Deputy Prime Minister

The title of "Deputy Prime Minister" in Israel is purely symbolic and without powers. Therefore, there is no limit to the number of deputy prime ministers.

### Ministers

Ministers serve as members of the government, and are usually in charge of government ministries and all government work. However, ministers without portfolio are also appointed and serve in the government, who are full government members, but are not in charge of a government ministry. They are assigned different roles, permanent or temporary. The role of a minister is also called a "portfolio": the defense minister holds the defense portfolio in the government, the infrastructure minister holds the infrastructure portfolio in the government and the minister of health holds the health portfolio in the government.

Ministers do not have to be members of the Knesset. Ministers who are not members of the Knesset may participate in Knesset debates, but not in voting. The role of the ministers is to carry out all the issues for which the government is responsible: foreign relations, security, economy, education, police, health and the like.

#### Number of Ministers

An amendment to the Basic Law: The Government, which was supposed to take effect from the elections to the 20th Knesset, stipulatesd that the Number of Ministers, Including the Prime Minister, not be Higher than 19, Unless than Knesset Allowed there to be More Ministers, With an Approval more than of 60% of the Knesset. However, after the election, the law was amended again by a temporary provision, which rejected this restriction so that it does not apply to a government formed during the tenure of the 20th Knesset.

### Deputy Ministers

A minister in charge of a government ministry may appoint a deputy minister. A Deputy Minister acts in the Knesset or in the Government Office within the framework of the matters and powers assigned to them by the Minister.

Unlike government ministers, who do not have to be members of the Knesset, the deputy ministers must be members of the Knesset, and their resignation from the Knesset will require termination of office.

When a minister resigns or is fired from the government, their deputy minister is also resigned or fired. In addition, the Prime Minister, the Government or the Minister appointed by them may transfer or terminate the term of office of the Deputy Minister.

### Ministerial Committees

One of the ways the government works in making political decisions is to appoint permanent, temporary, or certain ministerial committees for certain matters. Government regulations detail the list of permanent ministerial committees.

## Formation of the Government

After the election to a new Knesset or with the resignation of a government directly or as a result of an event that when it takes place the government is seen as having resigned, proceedings are opened for the formation of a new government. The main official who conducts the procedures for forming a government in Israel is the President of the State. In most cases, the president is given the authority to exercise their discretion regarding the task of forming the government on one of the Knesset members, and according to the procedure, the president must exercise their authority and discretion in a manner that seeks to form a new government, as long as possible. Therefore, after an election or after most of the resignations of the government, the president must first entrust the job of forming the government to a Knesset member who seems to them to have a high chance of forming a government.

If the Knesset enacts a law ordering its dissolution, the procedures for forming a new government will cease until after the Knesset elections.

### After Elections or Resignation of the Government

#### TLDR:

1. Get enough parties so that your Parties' Collective Votes will make up **More** than 50% of the Total Votes in the Election.
2. Appoint Republics Leaders, Ministers, Heads of Committee in the Knesset, Members of Ministrial Committees, A Coalition Leader (Not the Prime Minister, but usually one of the Top Members in the Leading Party in the Coalition), A Designated Acting Prime Minister, a Vice Prime Minister, and a Deputy Prime Minister(s).

Remember:

* Consult the President for Help in Forming a Government, and When you will Successfully Form a Government (To Inform them of your Success).
* You have 3 Days to Form a Coalition. If you Fail, the Role of forming a Coalition will go to the Next MK that the President will choose to Appoint, or New Elections will be Held (Not for you to decide which of these will happen).

## Interim Government

An Interim government exists in Israel after the death, resignation, permanent imprisonment of the prime minister, or due to their conviction in a final verdict for a disgraceful offense, as well as with the publication of the prime minister's request to dissolve the Knesset (these actions as government resignation), or after elections Of an ordinary government (if the government was not in any case an Interim government "with the election of a new Knesset"). The government may, during an Interim government, appoint a Knesset member as a new minister in the position of a minister who has ceased to serve, without the Knesset's approval.

## Exchange Government

An Exchange government is one of the alternatives to establishing a government in Israel, a government that will be headed alternately during its tenure, by the Knesset member who formed the government and another Knesset member. In a number of cases, the Alternate prime minister will replace the incumbent prime minister, without the resignation of the government.

After an Agreed Amount of Time between the Prime Minister & Alternate Prime Minister, their Roles will Switch, but all The Ministers must choose in that Exchange who will they now be Loyal To.

## Government Secretariat

The Government Secretariat, headed by the Government Secretary, is responsible for recording Protocols, providing secretarial services to the government and its committees, transferring government decisions and committees to the various levels of government, monitoring government decisions, publishing announcements on behalf of the government and liaising between the government and the Knesset and other state authorities. The Government Secretariat believes in the convening and holding of meetings of the Ministerial Committees convening in the Government Secretariat, at the request of the Speakers. Accordingly, the Government Secretariat is responsible for providing all secretarial services to the members of the Ministerial Committee and to the committees themselves during the meetings of the Ministerial Committees.

The Government Secretariat prepares for the Ministerial Committees, in accordance with the instructions of the Chairman of the Committees, the agendas as well as the material accompanying the meetings of the Ministerial Committees, including background material of various types, as the case may be.

### Government Secretary

The Government Secretary is responsible for preparing the agenda for government meetings and ministerial committees. For this purpose, it maintains regular contact with all members of the government, during which the proposals for the decision of the government and the ministerial committees placed on the table of the government and the committees are coordinated. The Government Secretary serves as the Spokesperson for the Government and briefs the media representatives at the end of the Government meetings. They are responsible for the liaison between the government and the Knesset, together with the liaison minister between the government and the Knesset. In addition to their responsibility for the work of the Government Secretariat, the Government Secretary performs additional tasks assigned to them by the Prime Minister.

## Seat of the Government

Following the UN partition decision on November 29, 1947, at the beginning of December 1947, a discussion began about the seat of government. In the Discussion was the fact that Jerusalem was not included in the territory of the Jewish state according to the partition decision. In support of the proposal, he stated that the place was far from the borders of the Jewish state in the partition plan. The problem with the proposal was that Jewish control of the Negev was limited and therefore the proposal was not practical. Golda Meir, on the other hand, proposed Carmel - The departure to the British army led to the archiving of the proposal. [8] And there were additional proposals. David Ben-Gurion suggested that the government sit in Kornov in the Negev, in light of his fondness for the Negev. In support of the proposal, he noted that the place is far from the borders of the Jewish state in the partition plan. The problem with the proposal was that Jewish control of the Negev was limited and therefore the proposal was not practical. Golda Meir, on the other hand, proposed the Carmel, which was also far from the borders of the Jewish state in the partition plan. However, the fact that Haifa was the gateway to the British army led to the archiving of the proposal. In Addition, There were more Suggestions, such as Zikhron Ya'akov, Herzliya, Areas around Netanya, The Sharona (Kirya) Neighborhood in Tel-Aviv, and More.

Shortly after the establishment of the state, and in response to the UN demand for the internationalization of the city of Jerusalem, the Israeli government, headed by then-Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion, decided in December 1949 to move the institutions from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. For the location of the government institutions and the main state institutions, a search was conducted for an area in central Jerusalem in the Jaffa Street area, and when it was not found, it was decided to establish a government complex in the Givat Ram area, which was close to the city center and main business centers. However, many offices/ministries and their units remained scattered in rented buildings throughout the city. During the 1980s, some of these offices were concentrated, and new offices were established (such as the Ministry of Science and Technology) for the Government Quarter in East Jerusalem in the Sheikh Jarrah neighborhood. In 2013, additional offices were Constructed for the Capital towers in the west of the city.

## Government Offices & Ministries

* **Prime Minister's Office:** In charge of government bodies directly under the responsibility of the Prime Minister, including the Shabak, the Mossad and the Central Bureau of Statistics, among others.
* **Ministry of Defense**
* **Ministry of Foreign Affairs**
* **Ministry of Intelligence and Atomic Energy**
* **Ministry of Aliyah and Integration**
* **Ministry of Construction and Utilities**
* **Ministry of Culture and Sport**
* **Ministry of Interior**
* **Ministry of The Development of the Negev and Galilee**
* **Ministry of Religious Affairs**
* **Ministry of Economy and Finance**
* **Ministry of Health**
* **Ministry of Environmental Protection**
* **Ministry of Internal Security**
* **Ministry of Strategic Affairs**
* **Ministry of Tourism**
* **Ministry of Justice**
* **Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development**
* **Ministry of Science and Technology**
* **Ministry of Welfare and Social Services**
* **Ministry of Communications**
* **Ministry of Education**
* **Ministry of Transportation**
* **Ministry of LGBT Affairs**

## Current Government Structure

The Structure of the Current Government is as Follows: