可调白光照明

### EDUCATION CREDIT

At the end of this course, participants will be able to complete an online exam, with a passing grade of 70+% to qualify for LEU (NCQLP) credit and 80+% to qualify for LU/HSW hours (AIA/CES). Upon a passing grade, you will be able to download a Certificate of Completion for each type of credits. For LC certification maintenance (LEUs), credits are self reported. For AIA /CES, Lighting Controls Association will report credit earned for this course to AIA CES upon successful completion of the exam.

### 教育学分

在本课程结束时，学员将能够完成在线考试，通过分数为 70%以上，获得 LEU （NCQLP） 学分，80%获得 LU/HSW 小时数 （AIA/CES） 资格。通过考试后，您将能够下载每种类型的学分的结业证书。对于 LC 认证维护 （卢），积分是自报的。对于 AIA/CES，照明控制协会将在考试成功结束后向 AIA CES 报告本课程获得的 学分。

### NO ENDORSEMENT BY ACCREDITING ORGANIZATIONS

This course is registered with NCQLP and AIA CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed  or construed to be an approval or endorsement by these organizations of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.

### 未经认证机构认可

本课程在 NCQLP 和 AIA CES 注册，用于继续专业教育。因此，它不包括可能被视为或被解释为由这些组织批准或认可任何建筑材料或任何处理、使用、分发或交易任何材料或产品的方法或方式的内容 。

### COPYRIGHT

This presentation is protected by US and International copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission of the Lighting Controls Association is prohibited.

### 版权

此演示文稿受美国和国际版权法的保护。未经照明控制协会书面许可，禁止复制、分发、显示和使用演示文稿。

### DISCLAIMER

The information contained in this course has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable. Damages arising from errors, omissions or damages as a result of the use or misuse of the data or information contained in this course are not the responsibility of the Lighting Controls Association, National Electrical Manufacturers Association, ZING Communications, Inc. or their employees or members. All information contained in this course is published for professionals seeking information about the subjects contained therein. It is not the intent of this course provide professional services  such as design, engineering or consulting. If these services are sought, they should be rendered by properly trained, registered, regulated and     insured professionals.

### 免责 声明

本课程所载资料是从相信可靠的来源获得的。因使用或误用本课程中包含的数据或信息而造成的错误、遗漏或损害造成的损害，由照明控制协会、国家电气制造商协会、ZING 通信公司及其员工或会员负责。本课程包含的所有信息都发布在专业人士中，以寻求有关其中所包含科目的信息。本课程无意提供设计、工程或咨询等专业服务。如果寻求这些服务，应由经过适当培训、注册、监管和投保的专业人员 提供这些服务。

### COURSE DESCRIPTION

Warm-white, neutral or cool-white, the color appearance of light sources can make a big impact on how people and spaces are perceived. In applications such as hospitality and high-end retail, the color temperature of a light source is an important design decision.

Traditionally, the choice of light source was fixed to a certain degree. After installation, color could only be changed by installing new lamps, color filters or independently controlled layers of warm and cool lamps.

LED lighting is changing this. LED lighting can produce virtually any perceivable color, including any shade of white light. After installation, the shade  of white light can be adjusted based on changing needs. This extraordinary capability of LED lighting has created a new category of tunable-white lighting and opened new applications and markets.

EE303: Tunable-White Lighting describes this technology, provides an overview of current capabilities, and offers guidance on application.

### 课程描述

暖白色、中性色或冷白色，光源的颜色外观会对人与空间的感知方式产生重大影响。在酒店和高端零售等应用中，光源的色温是一个重要的设计决策。

传统上，光源的选择在一定程度上是固定的。安装后，只能通过安装新灯、颜色过滤器或独立控制的暖色灯层来更改颜色。

LED 照明正在改变这一点。LED 照明几乎可以产生任何可感知的颜色，包括任何白光阴影。安装后，可以根据不断变化的需求调整白光的阴影。LED 照明的这种非凡功能创造了一种新的可调白色照明类别，并开辟了新的应用和 市场。

EE303： 可调-白色照明描述此技术，提供当前功能概述，并提供应用指导。

### LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After taking this course, you will be able to do

Apply color fundamentals to selection of correlated color temperature and tunable-white lighting.

Select an appropriate color-tuning approach for an application.

Engage with manufacturers and other project participants to select the most appropriate tunable-white lighting solution for a project.

### 学习目标

参加本课程后，您将能够完成：

将颜色基础应用于相关色温和可调黑白照明的选择。

为应用程序选择适当的颜色调整方法。

与制造商和其他项目参与者互动，为项目选择最合适的可调黑白照明解决方案。

### COLOR FUNDAMENTALS

   The visible light spectrum is comprised of wavelengths corresponding with different colors. The primary colors are red, blue and green. Combined, these wavelengths form white light and form the basis of color perception.

### 色彩基本要素

可见光光谱由不同颜色对应的波长组成。主要颜色为红色、蓝色和绿色。这些波长结合在一起，形成白光，形成颜色感知的基础。

### CIE COLOR SPACE

   Scientific understanding of how color is perceived led to the development of models, notably the 1931 CIE Color Space, a graph that maps perceived color on an x, y graph as a ratio of the three primary colors red, blue and green. As shown, white is an area at the center of the diagram.

### CIE颜色空间

科学理解颜色是如何感知的，这导致了模型的发展，特别是 1931 年 CIE 颜色空间，该图形将 x、y 图形上的感知颜色映射到红、蓝和绿三种原色的比率。如图所示，白色是关系图中心的一个区域。

### CORRELATED COLOR TEMPERATURE

    A related concept is correlated color temperature (CCT), which describes the hue of a light source and its emission compared to an idealized blackbody radiator. Light source CCT, rated based on corresponding kelvin (K) temperatures, can be categorized as visually “warm,” or orangish- white (about <3000K); “neutral” white (about 3500-4000K); or “cool,” or bluish-white (about >4000K). This is plotted on the CIE Color Space as the blackbody locus, a curved line defining the convergence of red, blue and green.

### 相关色温

相关概念是相关色温 （CCT），它描述了光源的色调及其发射与理想化的黑体散热器相比。光源 CCT，根据相应的开尔文 （K） 温度进行额定值，可分为视觉上"温暖"或猩猩白色（约 <3000K）;"中性"白色（约3500-4000K）;或"酷"或蓝白色（约 >4000K）。这是绘制在CIE颜色空间作为黑体位点，一条曲线定义红，蓝和绿的收敛。

    Warm light sources are more heavily laden with red and orange wavelengths, bringing out some flesh tones and richer content in spaces that have warmer colors. Cool light sources are more heavily laden with blue and green wavelengths, enriching the visible color content of blue and green.

Below we see downlights fitted, left to right, with 2700K, 3000K, 3500K and 4100K lamps

暖光源更大量地含有红色和橙色的波长，在具有暖色调的空间中带出一些肉色调和丰富的内容。冷光源更大量充满蓝色和绿色波长，丰富了蓝色和绿色可见的色彩内容。

下面我们看到下灯，从左到右，有 2700K、3000K、3500K 和 4100K 灯。

    Below we see fruit under a warm light source (left), neutral source (middle) and cool source (right).

下面我们看到水果在温暖的光源（左），中性光源（中间）和冷光源（右）。

    And below is a series of color temperature values with approximate examples.

下面是一系列颜色温度值，并提供了近似示例。

### TINT AND THE BLACKBODY LOCUS

    Whether a warm, neutral or cool CCT, light appears to have a natural appearance if its color coordinates lie along the blackbody locus. Along this curve, tint is neutral. Above it, the light takes on a greenish tint, pinkish if below. Manufacturers design LEDs to emit light at a given point in the blackbody locus within certain tolerances of deviation from the blackbody locus. These tolerances are typically based on ANSI Standard C78.377, which specifies the range of white light recommended for general lighting with LED products.

无论是温暖、中性还是凉爽的 CCT，如果光的颜色坐标位于黑体位点，则其外观看起来自然。沿着这条曲线，色调是中性的。在它上面，光采取绿色色调，粉红色，如果下面。制造商设计 LED 以在黑体位点中的给定点发出光，其距离黑体位点有一定的差值偏差。这些公差通常基于 ANSI 标准 C78.377，它指定了 LED 产品一般照明推荐的白光范围。

### BASIC APPROACHES

Color-tunable LED products include:

Full-color-tunable

Dim-to-warm

Tunable-white

### 基本方法

可调色 LED 产品包括：

全彩色可调

暖色可调

白光可调

### FULL-COLOR-TUNABLE

    Full-color-tunable LED products can produce a huge range of saturated colors as well as white-light CCTs via three or more separately controlled primaries—e.g., red, green and blue (RGB) plus amber or white. Generally, RGB is the minimum, but some systems use up to 7+ colors. The LEDs may be monochromatic, producing a single saturated color, or monochromatic with a phosphor to produce a somewhat wider spread of color or white light.

Technical challenges related to white-light emission, notably in regards to color rendering, have limited use in general lighting applications. The potential is strong, however, as functional general lighting could extend to place saturated-color light in certain areas, or switch from general to entertainment lighting for special events. Currently, these products are well suited to display, entertainment, signage and similar applications.

### 全彩色可调

全彩色可调 LED 产品可以通过三个或更多单独控制的初选（例如，红色、绿色和蓝色 （RGB） 加上琥珀色或白色）产生大量饱和颜色以及白光 CCT。通常，RGB 是最小值，但某些系统最多使用 7 种颜色。LED 可能是单色，产生单色，或单色与荧光粉产生更宽的颜色或白光。

与白光发射相关的技术挑战，特别是色彩渲染方面的挑战，在一般照明应用中的使用有限。然而，这种潜力很大，因为功能性一般照明可以扩展到某些区域放置饱和色光，或从一般照明切换到特殊活动娱乐照明。目前，这些产品非常适合显示、娱乐、标牌和类似应用。

### DIM-TO-WARM

Dim-to-warm products automatically reduce CCT to produce a warmer color appearance during dimming similar to an incandescent or halogen lamp. Typically, these products operate at 2700-3000K CCT at full output and gradually decrease to as low as 1800K (candlelight) during dimming.

The technology is relatively inexpensive and requires no additional design or commissioning. It is well suited to applications where incandescent dimming is valued, such as residential, hospitality and restaurant applications.

### 昏暗至暖

调暗至暖产品可自动降低 CCT，在调光时产生更暖的颜色外观，类似于白炽灯或卤素灯。通常，这些产品在全输出时以 2700-3000K CCT 运行，在调光过程中逐渐减小至 1800K（烛光）。

该技术相对便宜，无需额外的设计或调试。它非常适合白炽灯调光的应用，如住宅、酒店和餐厅应用。

### TUNABLE-WHITE

    Tunable-white products offer white-light emission that can be adjusted over a range of CCTs. This effect is typically realized by combining separately dimmable arrays of warm- (typically 2700K) and cool-CCT (typically 5000-6500K) phosphor-coated LEDs. Relative dimming of these primaries  produce a range of CCT values while also allowing light output to be raised or lowered. Other primaries (colors) may be added to enhance the spectrum of available colors and ensure color fidelity. Some tunable-white products feature additional dim-to-warm capability. While some screwbase LED replacement lamps offer tuning as a feature, it is primarily used with luminaires.

### 可调白度

可调白产品提供白光发射，可对一系列 CT 进行调整。这种效果通常是通过将暖光（通常为 2700K）和冷 CCT（通常为 5000-6500K）荧光涂层 LED 的可调光阵列单独组合实现的。这些原色的相对调光会产生一系列 CCT 值，同时允许提高或降低光输出。可以添加其他原色（颜色），以增强可用颜色的光谱并确保颜色保真度。某些可调白色产品具有额外的暗到暖功能。虽然一些螺丝基 LED 更换灯提供调谐功能，但它主要用于 灯具。

### WARM-COOL GAMUT

For tunable-white products, a simple approach to CCT adjustment is relative dimming of warm- and cool-white phosphor-coated LEDs, which can produce a range of CCTs. Color output follows a linear path between the two points on the chromaticity diagram. This can result in deviation from the blackbody locus (see the green line in the below graph), resulting in a purple/pink tint. The wider the CCT range, the greater the maximum deviation. Maintaining good color rendering at cool CCTs can be problematic. The tunable range typically does not include ultra-warm CCTs.

If the tunable range is narrow, this type of solution may be effective, providing an approximation of the blackbody locus suitable for many applications. However, caution should be used when mixing these tunable-white products in the same space with fixed-color-output products, as there may be a noticeable visual color difference between them.

This method could be extended to Warm-Neutral-Cool, making a segmented line that approximates the blackbody curve.

### 冷暖色域

对于可调白的产品，CCT调整的一个简单方法是相对调光暖白磷涂层LED，它可以产生一系列CCT。 颜色输出遵循色度图上的两个点之间的线性路径。这可能导致偏离黑体位点（参见下图中的绿线），从而产生紫色/粉红色色调。CCT 范围越宽，最大偏差越大。在酷 CCT 上保持良好的色彩渲染可能会有问题。可调范围通常不包括超暖 CT。

如果可调范围较窄，则这种类型的解决方案可能有效，从而提供适用于许多应用的黑体位点近似值。但是，在将这些可调黑白产品与固定颜色输出产品混合时应谨慎使用，因为这些产品之间可能有明显的视觉颜色差异。

此方法可以扩展到暖中性-冷，使一条近似黑体曲线的分段线。

### AREA/TRIANGULAR GAMUT

A more sophisticated approach is to combine warm- and cool-white LEDs with one or more additional colors controlled using programmed calibrations/control-response algorithms. This creates a triangular zone within which the LED product can be tuned. The additional colors allow greater selection of CCTs and fill out the spectral content of the light emission, producing nonlinear tuning (see yellow line in the below graph) that follows the blackbody locus.

These products can achieve ultra-warm CCTs and maintain excellent color rendering across the tunable range. And because any color within the gamut can be produced, we could program individual saturated colors and custom shades of white with varying levels of greenish or pinkish tint.

### 面积/三角色域

更复杂的方法是将暖白和冷白 LED 与使用编程校准/控制响应算法控制的一个或多个附加颜色相结合。这将创建一个三角形区域，可在其中调整 LED 产品。附加颜色允许更多选择 CT 并填充光发射光谱内容，从而产生黑色体位线的非线性调谐（参见下图中的黄线）。

这些产品可以实现超暖的CCT，并在可调范围内保持出色的色彩渲染效果。由于色域中的任何颜色都可以产生，我们可以对不同级别的绿色或粉红色色调的白色饱和颜色和自定义色调进行编程。

### TUNABLE-WHITE APPLICATIONS

The rationale for tunable-white lighting is that as intensity should be changed to satisfy variable application needs, so should CCT. As LED lighting makes this practical, the lighting community is discovering its possibilities. Beyond dim-to-warm in applications where an incandescent dimming effect  is desirable, below are several examples of opportunities:

Dynamically calibrate CCT across installed luminaires and maintain the designated CCT over time. Adjust CCT after initial installation to fine-tune the appearance of spaces and objects such as art.  Adjust CCT to accommodate changing space use, displays, interior finishes and user preference. Automatically adjust CCT to produce an idealized daylight cycle or optimally blend with actual daylight. Imitate the color appearance of popular traditional light sources and customize new light sources.

Play a potential role in circadian lighting.

Below are two images presenting a multipurpose dining space in a restaurant. The ambient lighting system’s CCT is set to cool for daytime business meetings/luncheons (left) and warm for evening fine dining (right).

### 可调白度应用

可调白照明的基本原理是，随着强度的改变，以满足可变的应用需求，CCT也应该改变。由于 LED 照明使这种实用性，照明界正在发现其可能性。除了在需要白炽灯调光效果的应用中，从调暗到温暖之外，以下是几个机会 示例：

跨安装的灯具动态校准 CCT，并随着时间的推移保持指定的 CCT。初始安装后调整 CCT 以微调空间和物体（如艺术）的外观。调整 CCT 以适应不断变化的空间使用、显示、室内装饰和用户偏好。自动调整 CCT 以产生理想化的日光周期，或与实际日光最佳混合。模仿 流行 传统光源 的 色彩 外观 ， 定制 新的光源。

在昼夜照明中扮演一个潜在的角色。

以下是两幅图片，展示了餐厅的多功能用餐空间。环境照明系统的 CCT 设置为冷却白天的商务会议/午餐（左）和温暖的夜间美食（右）。

### TUNABLE-WHITE LIGHTING CONTROL

Tunable-white lighting is typically implemented using an LED driver and dimmer that communicate:

via low-voltage wiring using 0-10VDC, DALI, DMX or proprietary protocol; or wirelessly using Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, EnOcean or proprietary protocol.

The solution typically requires separate instructions for the intensity of each color of LED in the mix to be sent across separate wires or wireless signals from:

the user interface to the driver(s);

or from the interface to a device that processes signals and converts them to instructions for the driver(s).

### 可调式白光控制装置

可调白照明通常使用 LED 驱动器和调光器实现，该驱动器可进行通信：

通过使用 0-10VDC、DALI、DMX 或专有协议的低压布线;或无线使用蓝牙、Wi-Fi、ZigBee、EnOcean 或专有协议。

该解决方案通常需要单独指示混合中每种颜色的 LED 的强度，通过单独的导线或无线信号发送，这些信号来自：

驱动程序的用户界面;

或从接口到处理信号并将其转换为驱动程序指令的设备。

For warm-cool gamut tunable-white LED lighting, a basic approach is a dimming control operating with two dimmable LED drivers, each with a separate control input, often 0-10V, digital or phase-control (line-voltage).

Below is a schematic showing an example system that includes a luminaire with a controller connected to two 0-10V drivers operating LED light engines with different CCTs. Note that with digital control, all LED drivers communicate via a single low-voltage wire, eliminating the need to run independent control wires.

对于暖冷色域可调谐白色 LED 照明，基本方法是使用两个可调光 LED 驱动器操作的调光控制，每个驱动器都具有单独的控制输入，通常为 0-10V、数字或相位控制（线路电压）。

下面是一个示意图，显示一个示例系统，其中包括一个带控制器的灯具，该灯具连接到两个运行不同 CT 的 0-10V 驱动器。请注意，通过数字控制，所有 LED 驱动器都通过一根低压线进行通信，无需运行独立的控制线。

    Below is an example CCT control keypad with a table indicating CCT based on relative LED light output. Note that with this approach, intensity and CCT are directly related. Since color output is dependent on the relative intensities of two primaries, it’s important to specify the intensity of each  control input for the required CCT. As this depends on the LEDs and the luminaire design, close coordination between the designer and the luminaire manufacturer may be needed for desired results.

下面是一个 CCT 控制键盘示例，该键盘包含一个表，指示基于相对 LED 光输出的 CCT。请注意，与这种方法，强度和 CCT 是直接相关的。由于颜色输出取决于两个主项的相对强度，因此指定所需 CCT 的每个控制输入的强度非常重要。由于这取决于 LED 和灯具设计，因此可能需要设计人员和灯具制造商之间的紧密协调才能取得预期效果 。

    For area gamut tunable-white LED lighting, one control input is dedicated to intensity and the other to CCT control, typically 0-10V or digital. The driver must be designed to be able to dynamically mix output from two or more primaries. Below is a schematic showing an example system that includes two slide dimmers controlling a tunable-white LED luminaire. One dimmer controls intensity, and the other controls color temperature. This allows CCT to be held constant during dimming.

对于区域色域可调谐白色 LED 照明，一个控制输入专用于强度，另一个用于 CCT 控制，通常为 0-10V 或数字。驱动程序必须设计为能够动态混合来自两个或多个主项的输出。下面是一个示意图，显示一个示例系统，其中包括两个控制可调白色 LED 灯具的滑动调光器。一个调光器控制强度，另一个控制色温。这允许在调光期间保持恒定 的 CCT。

    A variety of approaches can be used for controlling CCT and intensity. Two examples of manual controls are shown below. The first is a device with two sliders, one for CCT and one for intensity. The second is a keypad with control inputs including two preset CCTs, CCT raise/lower arrows, ON/OFF and raise/lower intensity arrows. Following is a sample sequence of operations for an open office application.

可以使用多种方法来控制 CCT 和强度。下面显示了两个手动控制示例。第一个是具有两个滑块的设备，一个用于 CCT，一个用于强度。第二个是带控制输入的键盘，包括两个预设的CCT，CCT提升/下箭头，开/关和提升/降低强度箭头。以下是开放办公室应用程序的操作示例序列。

    As dimming is at the heart of the tuning effect, lighting controls are essential to enabling tunable-white lighting. However, color control is relatively new to lighting controls, which evolved focusing on saving energy via ON/OFF/Dim functions. The common approach is to repurpose a dimming channel for CCT control. As the market develops, control capabilities may become more detailed by covering CCT, deviation from the blackbody locus (Duv), hue, very long fades, and color-friendly programming and interfaces.

由于调光是调谐效果的核心，因此照明控制对于启用可调白色照明至关重要。然而，色彩控制对于照明控制来说相对较新，照明控制通过 ON/OFF/Dim 功能逐渐演变为节能。常见的方法是为 CCT 控制重新调整调光通道。随着市场的发展，控制能力可能会变得更加详细，包括CCT，偏离黑体位点（Duv），色调，很长的褪色，以及颜色友好的编程和接口。

### APPLICATION

The U.S. Department of Energy recently published a list of recommended questions to ask when applying tunable-white LED lighting. They’re summarized in this section.

Who will be using the controls? The control system should be simple to operate and intuitive for occupants to use.

How sophisticated does the solution need to be? Operating personnel may require training, instructions, and/or outside help to make changes to the system.

Where should the controller reside? The lighting controller could reside in a wallbox device, handheld remote or within computer software.

美国能源部最近公布了一份建议的问题清单，在应用可调谐的白色 LED 照明时，需要询问。本节将对此进行总结。

谁将使用控件？控制系统操作简单，使用直观。

解决方案需要有多复杂？操作人员可能需要培训、说明和/或外部帮助才能对系统进行更改。

控制器应驻留何处？照明控制器可以驻留在壁盒设备、手持遥控器或计算机软件中。

How smooth do intensity and CCT changes need to be? Intensity and CCT should transition from one level to the next smoothly in applications where change occurs frequently with the change being visible to users.

How precise does the dimming need to be? Some control solutions may not be able to tune intensity or CCT precisely.

What is the dimming range, and does the product dim to OFF? Some applications, such as restaurants, often require dimming down to 1% and a smooth transition to an OFF state.

How quickly does the luminaire need to respond to the control signal? A DALI-based system may take several seconds to respond, while DMX system response is nearly instant.

Does the interaction between the LED driver and a line-voltage dimmer produce flicker? Certain pairings of LED drivers and line-voltage dimmers can produce visible flicker. The Department of Energy recommends the dimmer/driver pairing should not produce a % Flicker > Flicker Frequency x 0.08.    If this information is not available, a mockup is recommended.

Are all devices in the system suited to the requirements and compatible? Dimming performance in the LED is dependent on the driver, and the quality and range of dimming are dependent on the driver and dimmer combination. For best results, scrutinize the driver’s dimming performance while also confirming its compatibility with the dimming control.

强度和 CCT 变化需要有多平滑？强度和 CCT 应在频繁发生更改且用户可见的应用程序中从一个级别顺利过渡到下一个级别。

调光需要有多精确？某些控制解决方案可能无法精确调整强度或 CCT。

调光范围是多少，产品是否变暗为 OFF？某些应用（如餐厅）通常需要将调暗至 1%，并顺利过渡到 OFF 状态。

灯具对控制信号的响应速度有多快？基于 DALI 的系统可能需要几秒钟才能响应，而 DMX 系统响应几乎是即时 的。

LED 驱动器和线路电压调光器之间的交互是否产生闪烁？某些 LED 驱动器和线路电压调光器的配对会产生可见的闪烁。能源部建议调光器/驱动器配对不应产生 % 闪烁 > 闪烁频率 x 0.08。如果此信息不可用，建议进行模型 。

系统的所有设备是否都适合要求和兼容？LED 中的调光性能取决于驱动器，调光的质量和范围取决于驱动器和调光器组合。为了获得最佳效果，请仔细检查驾驶员的调光性能，同时确认其与调光控制兼容性。

What are the dimmer and driver dimming curves? LED drivers and dimmers are typically designed as having either a linear or square law dimming curve. A linear curve means moving a slider halfway down will result in 50% dimming. A square law curve takes into account the human eye compensates for dimming by allowing more light to enter the pupil. For example, a 25% dim level appears to be about 50% of full light level, an effect predictable in accordance with the square law. The dimmer and driver should be matched to produce the intended effect.

In the below graph, the blue line shows a linear/linear (driver/dimmer) pairing. The yellow line shows a square-law curve created by a linear/square  law or square law/linear pairing. The red line, a power-law curve called “logarithmic” in manufacturer literature, shows a square law/square law  pairing. Logarithmic dimming results in 90% of output controllable within the top 25% of the dimmer travel or digital setting, but provides very precise control of output at the very low end of the dimming range.

什么是调光和驱动器调光曲线？LED 驱动器和调光器通常设计为具有线性或方形调光曲线。线性曲线意味着将滑块向下移动一半将导致 50% 的调光。正方形定律曲线通过允许更多的光线进入瞳孔来考虑人眼对变暗的补偿。例如，25% 的暗光水平似乎是全光水平的 50% 左右，根据平方定律，这种效果是可预测的。调光器与驱动器应匹配以产生预期效果。

在下面的图中，蓝线显示线性/线性（驱动器/调光器）配对。黄线显示由线性/平方法或平方法/线性配对创建的方法曲线。红线，一种在制造商文献中称为"对数"的权力定律曲线，显示了平方定律/平方法的配对。对数调光可在调光器行程或数字设置的 25% 以内控制 90% 的输出，但在调光范围的最低端提供非常精确的 输出控制。

What are the solution’s hardware requirements? A variety of control devices is available to enact CCT control, representing different approaches.   Some lamp and luminaire manufacturers offer standardized or open protocol devices, often from third-party manufacturers. Some manufacturers offer proprietary controls that combine an existing protocol with a customer user interface/hardware. Ensure all components are compatible while     identifying all wiring and connector (or signal data speed and range requirements if wireless) components for the system.

Does the tunable-white lighting control system need to be integrated with other lighting and building control systems? Ideally, building control, lighting control, the lamp or luminaire, and the user interface will coordinate seamlessly as needed. The tuning controls should operate properly with other devices, such as sensors, if needed. All controls will require operation according to the same protocol, or use a gateway. Additionally, tunable-white and fixed-output luminaires may need to be mixed in the same space, requiring consideration whether they will need separate or integrated manual controls.

解决方案的硬件要求是什么？各种控制设备可用于实施 CCT 控制，代表不同的方法。一些灯具制造商提供标准化或开放式协议设备，通常来自第三方制造商。某些制造商提供专有控件，将现有协议与客户用户界面/硬件相结合。确保所有组件 兼容，同时识别系统 的所有 接线和 连接器 （或信号 数据速度和范围 要求 （ 如果 无线）组件。

可调白照明控制系统是否需要与其他照明和建筑控制系统集成？理想情况下，建筑控制、照明控制、灯具或灯具以及用户界面将根据需要无缝协调。如果需要，调谐控制应与其他设备（如传感器）正常工作。所有控件都需要根据同一协议操作，或使用网关。此外，可调白和固定输出灯具可能需要在同一空间中混合，需要考虑它们是否需要单独或集成的手动控制。

### YOU’RE FINISHED

You have completed the EE303: Tunable-White lighting course. Please take a moment to provide feedback about your experience with this course. You may also take the Comprehension Test to test your learning and to qualify for credit towards your education goals.

This concludes The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems Course EE303: Tunable-White Lighting course. Please take a moment to provide feedback about your experience with this course.

You may also take the Comprehension Test to test your learning and to qualify for LEU (NCQLP LC) and LU/HSW (AIA CES) credit. A 70+% passing grade is required for LEU credit and an 80+% passing grade for AIA CES credit. Upon passing the test, you may download a Certificate of     Completion on the Courses page. If you are an AIA member, please email your course completion certificate to LCA with your AIA number.

### 您已完成

您已完成 EE303：可调白色照明课程。请花一点时间提供有关您参加本课程的经验的反馈。您还可以参加理解测试，以测试您的学习，并有资格获得学分，实现您的教育目标。

美国建筑师协会继续教育系统课程EE303：可调-白色照明课程到此结束。请花一点时间提供有关您参加本课程的经验的反馈。

您还可以参加理解测试，以测试您的学习，并有资格获得 LEU （NCQLP LC） 和 LU/HSW （AIA CES） 学分。LEU 积分需要 70% 的及格等级，友邦 CES 学分需要 80% 的及格等级。通过考试后，您可以在课程 页面上下载结 业 证书。 如果您 是 友 邦 友邦 会员， 请 通过电子邮件 将 课程 结 业 证书 与您的 友邦 关系认证 证书通过电子邮件发送至LCA， 以及您的友邦会员编号。