Kherfiyyan Worker's Republic

Flag of the Kherfiyyan Worker's Republic since 1930

The **Kherfiyyan Worker's Republic** was a small former communist nation in Southern Helinska which consists of the regions of Agranid-the capital region- and Arkhanbad. It is bordered by East Kherfiyyah to the south, the Sultanate of Kherfiyyah to the West and South and the Agranid Lake to the East.

The KWR was formed in 1926 by the remnants of the Kherfiyyan People's Peasant Union- a left wing worker's revolutionary group that rose up in many parts of the Sultanate of Kherfiyyah to fight against the autocratic government, unfair wages and terrible working conditions. After a drawn out fight with the Sultanate, the KWR lost a lot of territory it formerly held and consolidated power in the regions of Agranid and Arkhanbad, with the Kirlan region as its capital.

By 1929, with Sultanate forces busy fighting in the wars against the Pact of Preservation and later the Dynastic Pact, the Kherfiyyan Worker's Republic was beginning to enjoy some stability. This stability came down in flames in June 1930, when Abdul Gazim Nassau-then the Leader of the KWR- was assassinated by the Redouin leader Rasheed Kalwana.

Nassau's assassination ended up devolving into a three way conflict that was later called the K.W.R. Civil War. In the war, Abanau Mosul Alwind, Rasheed Kalwana and Marshal Mahmed-Ibn-Abanu all fought to gain control of the small nation. By 1930, Rasheed Kalwana and Kirlan had managed to secure their land with the help of the Socialist Republic of Kokinos, while Marshal Abanu and Arkhanbad had been succesfully conquered by Mosul with assistance with Jabeyrack. Eventually, a truce was reached, with the Kirlan region led by Rasheed Kalwana forming East Kherfiyyah, while Mosul retained control of everything else.

## History

### The KPPU (1926)

In 1926, anger against the Sultanate of Kherfiyyah was soaring. Peasants and workers across the country were growing angry over their autocratic and oppressive rulers, and eventually this came to a head in the form of the Kherfiyyan People's Peasant Union, which began a widespread armed revolt against the Sultanate. The heart of the revolt was in areas like Agranid and Kirlan, but the KPPU had managed to extend to towns as far away from their heartland as Barghsdan. The KPPU received a lot of support from both the poorer citizenry, as well as nearly all Redouin tribes.

By 1927, the KPPU had lost a lot of territory- however, they still held firm control over their core territories of Arkhanbad, Agranid and Kirlan. Soon, the Sultanate of Kherfiyyah became distracted militarily, getting dragged into wars against the Pact of Preservation, leading to a period of stability. In this stability, the Agranid Communist Party emerged from the KPPU and set out to work establishing a syndicalist state under the watch of Maghreb Al-Kassani- the first Head Councilman of the newly established Kherfiyyan Worker's Republic. The KWR Worker's Congress was established, with union leaders from Arkhanbad, Agranid and Kirlan voicing their opinions and questions in the Congress.

### Emerging Fissures (1928-1929)

In late 1928, the Kherfiyyan Worker's Republic was subject to a shocking tragedy- Maghreb Al-Kassani, the first Leader of the KWR, died in a fishing accident in the Agranid Lake. Many Agranid Communist Party members, including the party's General Secretary Sherko Almasi, alleged foul play, accusing the Sultanate of Kherfiyyah of orchestrating Kassani's tragic demise. However, the KWR had no way to prove these claims, and with the nation being unrecognised by *any* nations at the time, the country began to focus on who the next leader of the KWR would be.

In the end, Arfan Quadishi, who had previously served as the mayor of Kirlan and had brought about many reforms in the city's police force, was chosen by the KWR Worker's Congress. Some orthodox Alahist members of the Congress- particularly from the conservative Redouin tribal community- were greatly angered by Quadishi's selection, as he was a Liamist and not an Alahist. Still, with the majority of the ACP being commited to secular ideals, Quadishi managed to gain the support of the vast majority of the congress and country as a whole.

Quadishi's tenure ended up lasting only 8 months. During this time, Arfan doggedly pursued reforms within the KWR's military, trying to convert it from a gaggle of poorly organised peasant militias into a professional, modernised fighting force that could take on the Sultanate's armies. While this aspect of Quadishi's administration was lauded, in the public's eye it was mostly ignored in favour of Arfan's famed alcoholism. Indeed, this proved to be Arfan's downfall. In June 1929, the KWR Worker's Congress agreed to make alcohol illegal due to lobbying by Alahist clergymen and alcoholism causing many problems among the country's workforce. Arfan tried to repeal this law, and ended up being impeached by the Congress for "Impeding in the Legislative Process". Along with Quadishi, the ACP's General Secretary Sherko Almasi was also impeached.

After Arfan's short but controversial tenure was over, the ACP saw a lot of internal restructuring. The old guard of the party, called the "Kassani Group", were losing their popularity. Being the more conservative faction, it was this group which had let Alahist priests and conservative Redouins gain more power in the KWR Worker's Congress, and this was proving unpopular with many more committed Syndicalists. On top of this, the Kassani Group's top leaders had all died or been disgraced, and they had no seriously popular candidates left for the posts of Head Councilman or General Secretary.

This capitulation of the Kassani Group led to the progressive faction led by Basjar Ibn Kharfoun, Mohammed Al-Pasha and Abdul Gazim Nassau taking control of the party. Nassau, a fairly popular former Mayor of Agranid, was chosen as General Secretary of the ACP, while Basjar Ibn Karfoun was selected by the KWR Worker's Congress as the Head Councilman. Kharfoun was an extremely popular politician who had the backing of many unions- especially in Arkhanbad. Unfortunately, he ended up being the shortest serving leader of the KWR, as just two days after taking his office, he died while supervising the construction of an Opera House in Kirlan.

Unsurprisingly, the elections for the next Head Councilman weren't much of a contest, and Kharfoun's deputy Mohammed Al-Pasha easily got the nomination, becoming the fourth Head Councilman of the KWR. Al-Pasha immediately set about fulfilling his goals, establishing government owned manafacturing plants in Agranid and Kirlan and contributing greatly to converting these cities into industrial, modern landscapes.

Al-Pasha's reign was not popular everywhere, however. In the Arkhanbad region in particular, funds were scarce, and Al-Pasha seemed more interested in helping the progressive regions of Agranid and Kirlan whose congress-members had voted for him rather than the more convservative, Alahist region of Arkhanbad which had supported the Kassani Group. Al-Pasha's industrialisation policies also did little to help the rural Redouin populace, and the community spiraled further into poverty as the progressive government cut down on its predecessor's Redouin upliftment policies.

Mohammed Al-Pasha's tenure as Head Councilman would come to a controversial end similar to that of Arfan Quadishi's. Elections were taking place for the Mayor of Arkhanbad, and on the orders of Al-Pasha, 309 of the 350 Redouin delegates of the ACP who were eligible to vote in the election were barred from casting their ballots due to their perceived orthodox Alahist views. These delegates approached Sherko Almasi- the leader of the Kassani Group- for assistance. Almasi complied, and when the KWR Worker's Congress convened in February 1930, Almasi explained the injustice faced by the delegates in Arkhanbad and chaired a no-confidence motion against Al-Pasha. The motion ended up succeeding, with two major progressive leaders- Abanau Mosul Alwind and the Redouin Rasheed Kalwana- influencing many progressive Congressmen into voting to impeach Al-Pasha for his shady conduct.

### A Nation Divided (1929)

After three Head Councilmen with short, controversial tenures and sudden, controversial ends, the Kherfiyyan Worker's Republic was drifting apart. Sherko Almasi, the leader of the Kassani Group, was replaced by the militant Alahist general Mahmed-Ibn-Abanu as the Conservative faction's leader. On the other end of the spectrum, the progressive faction had splintered into two- one splinter led by the incredibly popular and charismatic Worker's Safety Minister Abanau Mosul Alwind, and the other being led by the Redouin leader from Kirlan, Rasheed Kalwana.

In this divided atomsphere, many worried that the elections for Head Councilmen would result in a hung vote, with no candidate gaining a majority. Wishing to avoid this result, Abanau Mosul Alwind and Mahmed-Ibn-Abanu both threw their support behind the incumbent General Secretary of the ACP Abdul Gazim Nassau. Although Nassau was a progressive, he was moderate and uncontroversial enough to gain the backing of Abanu's conservatives. Only Rasheed Kalwana's progressive splinter group refused to back Nassau, instead wanting a Redouin as Head Councilman. Botros Kocher, another uncontroversial Moderate Progressive, was elected as the new General Secretary.

Nassau was an extremely weak leader, and enjoyed very little support from the KWR Worker's Congress, with only Mosul's faction backing him in any significant capacity. Despite this, his reign saw two extremely important events take place- the Socialist Republic of Kokinos and Jabeyrack both officially recognised the KWR as an independent nation, finally placing the small republic on the global stage. Due to the divided Congress, this ended up being the *only* significant event that happened during Nassau's tenure, with the exception of the event that ended it.

In June 1930, 5 months after Nassau was elected, he was murdered at the young age of 54. The deed was carried out by the leader of one of the splinters of the progressive faction- the splinter led by Rasheed Kalwana. Accusing Nassau of being just as discriminatory and racist as his predecessor, Kalwana and a group of Redouins loyal to his faction approached Nassau while he was asleep. With the help of some Redouin guards who supported Kalwana, they infiltrated Nassau's house and shot him in his sleep. They then hung his corpse outside the KWR Worker's Congress building, officially marking the beginning of the KWR Civil War.

### Civil War (1930)

***Main Article: KWR Civil War***

The country soon began to devolve into a war. The elite, modernised core of the KWR armed forces, which had been established by the last conservative Head Councilman Arfan Quadishi, swore loyalty to Marshal Mahmed-Ibn-Abanu's conservative, Alahist regime and seized control of the Arkhanbad region. The more numerous but less well equipped part of the army, which was made up of workers and labourers among whom the Minister of Worker's Safety Abanau Mosul Alwind was popular, swore loyalty to him, and seized control of the large Agranid province. In the southern capital province of Kirlan, the large Redouin and progressive populace swore loyalty to Rasheed Kalwana.

Rasheed Kalwana immediately began an invasion into Agranid, besieging the city and hoping to take the province to unite the more progressive regions of the country. Meanwhile, Marshal Mahmed-Ibn-Abanu in the north decried Mosul as a heretic and infidel, declaring an Alahist *jihad* against Agranid. With both of his borders threatened, Mosul faced a fight for survival.

The Civil War quickly began to escalate as Jabeyrack and the Socialist Republic of Kokinos, fighting each other in the Third Intervention at the time, began to interfere. Jabeyrack, at the time under the 1929 Coalition with Lassov as Regent, began to back Mosul, while the Stefanos Svolos led SRK sent Majors Leonidas Metaxas and Neofytos Samaras to supply and "advise" Rasheed Kalwana.

During the Civil War, Kokinan and Kalwana-loyalist troops besieged Agranid, with Mosul's forces fighting tooth and nail to keep the city as Jabeyracki and Kurvacki troops arrived in the thousands to reinforce them. The Jabeyracki Officer Hovendi in particular gained a lot of fame for the performance of his troops in Agranid, fending of the Kalwana loyalists and saving the KWR Worker's Congress building from destruction.

    Meanwhile, Jabeyracki General Gorvin was leading 5000 troops in the North against Marshal Abanu in the Arkhanbad Province. Although Abanu had the loyalty of the most skilled and modernised KWR troops, they still did not match the incredibly modernised armies of Jabeyrack and Kurvack, and with the help of Mosul's local troops, the coalition forces managed to gain large swathes of land within days, and had reached Arkhanbad City within two weeks.

Arkhanbad's Garrison- which was reluctantly led by the former Conservative faction leader Sherko Almasi- was convinced to surrender by General Gorvin in exchange for their peaceful reconciliation into the Kherfiyyan Worker's Republic. Abanu- who was stationed in the nearby Fort Ramkin, was infuriated, and sent the majority of his army to engage Gorvin's troops at Arkhanbad. This ended up being a massive faliure, as the entrenched troops at Arkhanbad were easily able to repel the army. No with the majority of his forces defeated in a single bad move, Abanu waited in Fort Ramkin.

A detatchment of Mosul's troops led by the local union leader turned soldier Ayaan Sheikh were sent to infiltrate Fort Ramkin and kill or capture Abanu. With the help of some Kurish troops, Sheikh's team was able to kill all of Marshal Abanu's guards. When he found Mosul, Sheikh attempted to convince Mosul to peacefully re-integrate into the KWR, but Abanu refused, and was killed in the short firefight that followed.

Meanwhile in the south, the Kokinan advisor Leonidas Metaxas and Rasheed Kalwana had agreed to begin negotiations with Mosul and the Jabeyracki led by Hovendi. Despite some pushback from the Kokinans, eventually a deal was reached, with Mosul controlling the Agranid and Arkhanbad regions while Kalwana and the Kirlan region would form the new nation of East Kherfiyyah.

## Mosul Era

### Prime Minister Abanau Mosul Alwind (1930-1954)

After the splitting of the Kherfiyyan Worker's Republic, Abanau Mosul Alwind- the former progressive minister of worker's safety- became the new leader of the nation, changing the title of Head Councilman to "Prime Minister". Mosul also set about converting the KWR from a syndicalist nation into a federal parliamentry republic, and even planned to hold free elections eventually, ending the Agranid Communist Party's one party rule and hoping to transition into a democratic state like Kurvack, New Jazberk or Jabeyrack.

Immediately, many Mosul loyalists like Ibrahim Asadi, Amir Abdullah and Ahmad Khan began to call for the replacement of Botros Kocher as General Secretary of the Agranid Communist Party. Kocher was a moderate progressive, friendly with the now deceased former Head Councilman Abdul Gazim Nassau, whose death had begun the KWR Civil War. Many felt that the General Secretary should be a Progressive from Mosul's faction, but Mosul himself was opposed to this, saying that it would negatively affect the country's stability, and opted to let Kocher serve a term of five years before replacing him.

Immediately, Mosul set about building bridges to various factions within the ACP to prevent the country from becoming divided enough for another Civil War to break out. First, he appointed the Redouin-origin party man Ahmad Khan as Mayor of Agranid to win over the formerly conservative tribal Redouins to Mosul's progressive faction. This particular effort was only semi-succesful, as many conservative Alahist Redouins denounced Khan as a Kherfiyyanised traitor to the tribal people, and considered him no better than the other blue Kherfiyyans.

In the meanwhile, Mosul also attempted to reconcile with the members of Rasheed Kalwana's progressive faction that still remained in the nation. To begin, he managed to befriend Amir Abdullah, a Kalwana Progressive, and appointed him as Mayor of Arkhanbad to project a sense of unity. Meanwhile, the war hero Ayaan Sheikh was elected Governor of Arkhanbad province, while the influential ACP Minister Ibrahim Asadi was made Governor of Agranid Province.

Prime Minister Mosul also began to adopt less and less communist economic policies as time went on. In 1934, Mosul angered much of the Agranid Communist Party when he made the KWR Worker's Congress open to all ACP members, rather than reserving all seats for union leaders as had previously taken place. This move allowed Alahist priests and intellectuals to enter the Congress and take part in legislation. General Secretary Botros Kocher notably opposed this, but he had little support, and many viewed his comments as in bad taste as he only held his position due to Mosul's kindness.

Mosul also created the ACP Working Committee, which consisted of 3 leaders other than himself, to decentralise power and give more representation to regional leaders in the party. Ayaan Sheikh, Ahmad Khan and Botros Kocher were the first three members appointed to the committee by Mosul.

Meanwhile, Mosul's economic policies were steering away from the far left. In 1935, he shockingly decided to allow the Dionysus Group- a large textile and steel working company that had a monopoly on much of nearby Crimpor's trade- open factories in Agranid and Arkhanbad. Although these factories were under heavy government scrutiny, they prompted protests from the remnants of the Kassani Group, with an aging Sherko Almasi at the forefront. These protests were deeply unpopular with the wider populace, which still loved Mosul, and did little other than increase his popularity and throw the conservatives further into irrelevancy.

In 1935, Mosul made more steps towards Redouin development, starting the Redouin Mining Corporation which would be operated by local tribals and mine iron in the Arkhanbad province, providing employment and revenue to the region. Governor Ayaan Sheikh also appointed several Redouins to his provincial cabinet, and encouraged Redouins to join the military. He also helped found many Redouin tribal unions, which Mosul approved of.

### A Forward Thinking Society (1935)

In 1935, Prime Minister Abanau Mosul Alwind made two historic decisions for the KWR's society. First, he appointed Ayaan Sheikh as General Secretary of the Agranid Communist Party, succeeding Botros Kocher whose five year term had come to an end. Sheikh was the first working class man and first from Arkhanbad to be appointed to such an important post. Second, Mosul appointed Safa Al-Pasha, a young woman from Arkhanbad, as the country's foreign minister, making her the first woman in the cabinet.

These decisions were historic for the traditionally conservative, Alahist and Agranid-centric KWR. Mosul was praised by many across Helinska, notably the Regent of Jabeyrack Lassov, the Prime Minister of Kurvack Okelpo Elfiron, and many other mostly Polmarian leaders. The Jabeyracki Councilman of External Affairs Drenvas even went as far as to call Mosul one of the best leaders of Helinska.

In another landmark decision, Mosul officially made Redouin an official language in the country alongside Kherfiyyan and Welandian, causing many Redouins to finally abandon the conservatives of the Agranid Communist Party- who had traditionally been the protectors of Redouin rights- and threw their support behind Mosul's progressives. Sherko Almasi, the last conservative leader of any note, sadly remarked that Mosul had not only destroyed the Conservative faction's core support base, he had managed to make them dogmatic followers of his progressives.

In 1936, a Patuljac society was found below the town of Ajwel, occupying a potentially profitable oil deposit. The Defense Minister urged Mosul to kill the Patuljac and take the oil, but Mosul instead personally visited the town and held talks with the Patuljac. In the end, he managed to convince the small kingdom to accept the KWR's sovereignity over them and even agreed to harvest and sell 60% of their oil to the KWR at high discounts.

### Prosperity

Mosul focused heavily on economically developing Arkhanbad and Agranid. Using a mix of government owned steel factories and de-salination plants, ports on the Agranid lake, and Dionysus Group owned Steel factories and textile mills, the KWR's GDP rose drastically, with Arkhanbad and Agranid surpassing even the Kherfiyyan cities of Raghdad, Khorsan and New Alamur by some accounts.

Mosul also began to adopt more Fulcrumite Socialist policies overtime, allowing cheap trade between the KWR and countries like Jabeyrack and Kurvack, selling oil for large profits in exchange for vital goods. The ports of Agranid also became fairly active, with the fishing industry rapidly growing.

Mosul also made the controversial decision of allowing companies like Sebastian Dionysus's Crimpor based Dionysus Group to open steel factories and textile mills in the country, ending state monopoly and taking a step towards freer markets and less communist policies. These decisions were praised by Mosul's Fulcrumite Socialist contempraries like the Crimpor Democratic League, the Fulcrum of Jabeyrack and the Social Democrats of Kurvack, earning Mosul a good reputation as a reformist leader among his allies.

### The Next Rung

Although Mosul was incredibly popular, the question of who would come afterwards loomed over many as Mosul aged. Politicians like Ayaan Sheikh, Ahmad Khan, Amir Abdullah and Ibrahim Asadi had been gaining traction within the party. When Botros Kocher's term as General Secretary ended, there was a fierce contest for the post. In the end, Mosul ended up choosing Ayaan Sheikh, and reassured the other three by telling them that Sheikh would only serve one term.

Mosul kept true to his word, and when Ayaan Sheikh's tenure ended in 1940, he was replaced by Ahmad Khan- the mayor of Agranid. Similarly, Khan was replaced by Amir Abdullah- the Mayor of Arkhanbad- in 1945 and Abdullah was replaced by Home Minister Ibrahim Asadi in 1950.

While all four politicians were incredibly influential and ambitious, Ayaan Sheikh was always considered the black sheep of the group. Asadi, Khan and Abdullah were all from urban backgrounds, while Sheikh came from the rural hinterland of Arkhanbad, working his way up through the party ranks as a local trade unionist and soldier.

Ayaan Sheikh often used this image to his advantage, accusing the other three of being 'Champagne Socialists' at times. This made him fairly unpopular within the upper echelons of the party, which were mostly supportive of Ibrahim Asadi, and almost led to his expulsion from the party several times. However, interventions from Prime Minister Mosul saved him everytime.

Despite their differences, the four politicians- being the leadership of the Agranid Communist Party- were forced to work together and present a united front to the people, and mostly kept their infighting out of the public eye. All four were appointed to the ACP Working Committee after Botros Kocher's term as General Secretary ended, and all four held prestigious posts in the Mosul government.

### Steps towards Democracy (1942-1954)

Early on in his reign, Mosul made it clear that after his demise, free elections would be held and the country would begin democratization. This was unpopular with the few conservatives left in the Agranid Communist Party, but the majority of the party- being Mosul loyalist progressives- supported the idea. The first step towards this process began in 1942. Up till that point, the press in the country had been completely state owned, with the free press being banned. The only news agency in the country was the Agranid Herald, which held an absolute monopoly.

In 1942, a group of Redouins from rural Arkhanbad began a protest against the government owned Redouin Mining Corporation's head Zaheen Azad, as they believed he was making the corporation increasingly corrupt by appointing his cronies to top positions and taking bribes in exchange of providing favourable postings. However, this protest was not covered at all by the local media- itself controlled by Azad- and thus the news didn't even reach Agranid.

Furious, the Redouins- gathering many more colleagues from the RMC- and started a protest march from Arkhanbad to Agranid, demanding the resignation of Azad and freedom of the press. Many senior reporters from the Agranid Herald- including the agency's main reporter Faiza Hassina- resigned from their jobs and joined the protest. By the time the group reached the Worker's Congress in Agranid, it contained thousands of people.

Prime Minister Mosusl and his cabinet convened an emergency session of the worker's congress. Zaheen Azad and many Congressmen from rural Arkhanbad demanded that the military be used to crackdown on the protests and arrest the leaders of the protesting group for anti party activities. The de facto leader of rural Arkhanbad- Ayaan Sheikh- however, chose to remain silent on the subject, and did not lend his support to Azad.

Meanwhile, reporter Faiza Hassina had written a leter to Agranid mayor and then General Secretary of the ACP Ahmad Khan, pleading the case of the protesters and asking Khan to argue on their behalf. Khan- a big supporter of democratization- agreed, and argued in favour of the protestors for over an hour in Congress. Ultimately, Home Minister Ibrahim Asadi threw his support behind Khan, as did Arkhanbad Mayor Amir Abdullah. With most of the party's upper leadership in support, Prime Minister Mosul took the first step towards democratization by making the Agranid Herald a free organisation and allowing the press to freely operate in the country.
After the press was made independent, Mosul created a committee to look into the working of the Redouin Mining Corporation to determine whether Zaheen Azad was indeed corrupt. In the end, the results were positive, and Azad was suspended as Chairman of the RMC as well as impeached from the Worker's Congress.

The second major step towards democratization came in 1947. Muneeb El-Pasha- a politician from Ajwel who was serving as Minister of Power since 1937- was in danger of being replaced as the Congressman from Ajwel by the local unit of the Agranid Communist Party, which wanted to send the locally popular Imran Bacchus to the Worker's Congress in El-Pasha's place. El-Pasha- terrified of losing his job- expelled dozens of local party workers loyal to Bacchus from the party, hoping to ensure that he was reelected as the Congressman from Ajwel.
Furious, the expelled party workers attacked the local ACP office, destroying the windows and furniture and injuring two El-Pasha supporters. Imran Bacchus condemned the attack, but despite having no involvement, he was arrested along with the expelled workers by the local police- loyal to El-Pasha. With Bacchus in jail, Muneeb was able to retain his status as a Congressman, and hoped to continue as if nothing had happened.

Unfortuantely for the Minister of Power, when Prime Minister Mosul head of the events that transpired, he released Imran Bacchus from jail and suspended Muneeb from the Worker's Congress as well as from the party. After a day of mulling things over, Mosul decided to go as far as to send Muneeb to jail for his crimes.

With Muneeb in jail and the expelled workers restored, Imran Bacchus was chosen as the Congressman from Ajwel. Soon after the incident, Mosul made it free to join the ACP, and encouraged the populace to join the party and play a role in electing their Congressmen.

### The Stalwart Falls (1954)

In 1954, Prime Minister Mosul was reaching the age of 75 with his health rapidly deteriorating. Home Minister Ibrahim Asadi had begun representing the Prime Minister in the KWR Worker's Congress, but most people expected Mosul's bout of ill health to quickly pass.

This notion proved to be wrong, to the despair of the nation. In October 1954, Mosul- along with Ayaan Sheikh, his closest friend in the Agranid Communist Party, travelled to Fort Ramkin near Arkhanbad. Fort Ramkin was the location where Mosul's forces had defeated Marshal Mahmed-Ibn-Abanu, cementing Mosul's control over Arkhanbad and Agranid.

Mosul spent several weeks in Fort Ramkin, leaving his Home Minister Ibrahim Asadi to essentially run the country in his stead. Many Congressmen from rural areas began staging protests, calling Asadi an urban elitist and demanding that Mosul return.