Cyrillic

**Cyrillic** is a script used in Ukraine, Russia, many East and South Slavic countries, and other nations in Central Asia.

## Old Cyrillic

* Аа - a - азъ (azǔ, "I") - 1
* Бб - b - боукъ (bukǔ, "words")
* Вв - v - бѣди (vědi), вѣдѣ (vědě, "know") - 2
* Гг - g - плаголи (glagoli), глаголъ (glagolǔ, "speak") - 3
* Дд - d - добро (dobro, "good") - 4
* Ее, Єє - je - ѥсть (jestĭ), естъ (estŭ) - 5
* Жж - ž - живѣтє (živěte, "live")
* Ѕѕ, Ꙃꙃ - dz - ѕѣло (dzělo, "very") - 6
* Ꙁꙁ, Зз - z - зємл҄ꙗ (zemlja, "earth") - 7
* Ии - i - и - (i, "and"), ижєи (ižei, "which") - 8
* Іі / Її - i - и (i, "and") - 10
* Кк - k - како (kako, "as") - 20
* Лл - l - людиѥ (ljudije, "people") - 30
* Мм - m - мꙑслитє (myslite, "think") - 40
* Нн - n - нашь (našĭ, "ours") - 50
* Оо - o - онъ (onŭ, "he/it") - 70
	+ Variants: Ѻѻ (start of words), Ꚛꚛ (for "okrest", around), Ꙩꙩ (for "oko", eye), Ꙫ (for plural or dual forms of "oko", eye) ꙮ (for "mnogoochiti", many-eyed for a kind of angel)
* Пп - p - покои (pokoi, "peace") - 80
* Рр - r - рьци (rĭci, "say") - 100
* Сс - s - слово (slovo, "speech") - 200
* Тт - t - тврьдо (tvrĭdo, "surely") - 300
* Оуоу / Ꙋꙋ > Уу - u - оукъ (ukŭ, "learning") - 400
* Фф - f - фрьтъ (frĭtŭ) - 500
* Хх - kh - хѣръ (khěrŭ) - 600
* Ѡѡ - ō - отъ (otŭ, "from")
	+ Ѿѿ - ot - "from"
* Цц - ts - ци (tsi) - 900
* Чч - č - чрьвь (črĭvĭ, "worm") - 90
* Шш - š - ша (ša)
* Щщ - št, šč - ща (šta)
* Ъъ - ǔ - ѥръ (jerŭ)
* Ꙑꙑ > Ыы - y - ѥрꙑ (jery)
* Ьь - ǐ - ѥрь (jerĭ)
* Ѣѣ - ě - ѣть (ětĭ)
* Ѥѥ - je - ѥ (je)
* Ꙗꙗ > Яя - ja - ꙗ (ja)
* Юю - ju - ю (ju)
* Ѫѫ - ǫ - ѫсъ (ǫsŭ)
* Ѭѭ - jǫ - ѭсъ (jǫsŭ)
* Ѧѧ - ę - ѧсъ (ęsŭ) - 900
* Ѩѩ - ję - ѩсъ (jęsŭ)
* Ѯѯ - x - ѯи (ksi) - 60
	+ In Greek words.
* Ѱѱ - ps - ѱи (psi) - 700
	+ In Greek words.
* Ѳѳ - th/f - фита (fita) - 9
	+ In Greek words.
* Ѵѵ - y/i, v - ижица (ižitsa) - 400
	+ In Greek words.
	+ [i] as a vowel, and [v] before a consonant, similar to its Greek counterpart upsilon.
* Ҁҁ - q - копа (kopa) - 90
	+ Never used in any word, only as a numeral.

### Other letters

* Ꙉ ꙉ - ǵ - ꙉерв (djerv) (between i and kako, used only to transcribe South Slavic languages)

## Ukrainian

* Аа - a
* Бб - b
* Вв - v
* Гг - h
* Ґґ - g
* Дд - d
* Ее - e
* Єє - je
* Жж - ž
* Зз - z
* Ии - y
* Іі - i
* Її - ji
* Йй - j
* Кк - k
* Лл - l
* Мм - m
* Нн - n
* Оо - o
* Пп - p
* Рр - r
* Сс - s
* Тт - t
* Уу - u
* Фф - f
* Хх - kh
* Цц - ts
* Чч - č
* Шш - š
* Щщ - šč
* Ьь - palatalisation
	+ In Ukrainian, ьо is used to transcribe "jo" after a consonant. When it starts a word, it is written as йо.
	+ For example "його" (joho) means "him" or "his".
* Юю - ju
* Яя - ja
* ’ - stops palatalisation

## Russian

See also: Russian glossary

<ѣ> - no longer used in 1917

* Аа - a
* Бб - b
* Вв - v
* Гг - g
* Дд - d
* Ее - je
* Ёё - jo
* Жж - ž
* Зз - z
* Ии - i
* <Іі> - <i>
	+ Used in some Greek words.
* Кк - k
* Лл - l
* Мм - m
* Нн - n
* Оо - o
* Пп - p
* Рр - r
* Сс - s
* Тт - t
* Уу - u
* Фф - f
* Хх - kh
* Цц - ts
* Чч - č
* Шш - š
* Щщ - šč
* Ъъ - ' (hard sign)
* Ыы - y
* Ьь - ǐ
* <Ѣѣ> - <je, jo in a few words>
	+ Now regarded as a symbol of archaic traditions.
* Юю - ju
* Яя - ja
* <Ѳѳ> - <f>
	+ Very rarely used in the early 20th century.
* <Ѵѵ> - <i, v>
	+ Mostly used in Greek loanwords.

## In the Rabydosverse

Cyrillic is commonly-used throughout the inhabitants of the continents of Palkyras and Toralis, where it is known as the "**Common Alphabet**" or "**Common script**". From Honvo in the south to even Heronoja and Siangwaan in the north, most of the countries of that continent use Cyrillic or Common.

However, in Slavonian countries, a different alphabet is used. Nonetheless, many people in those countries also use Cyrillic, either for aesthetic, entertainment, style, or communicating with other countries. One of them is Bujan, where the letter Ѣ is proudly used due to its distinct pronunciation from Е; during its conflict with the Zavtranian rebels, the latter and their Russian allies derisively called Bujan "Yatistan" for its usage of Ѣ in defiance against their Latin/Lonzic Z.

In Bujan, Cyrillic is known as "**Ōbišta**", which means "the Common alphabet". It is one of two scripts used to write the Bujanski language, but mostly used outside Bujan. Within Bujan, it is not the official script, but a native Slavic alphabet derived from ancient Rukanian is the official alphabet. However, while Common letters are often used in Bujan, they are for casual settings or when communicating with foreigners.

In Sevraeja, where it is not an official script (its native cuneiform-birch writing is used instead), it is derisively known as "Rozobitae", meaning "broken letters", because alphabets do not perfectly reflect the syllabic structure of the Sevraejan language. One attempt by a former king of Sevraeja, Gjurjaton, led to nationwide protests, that people went out and smashed porcelain objects written with words in Common. It represented their disgust at seeing their language made ugly by letters instead of syllables.

### Letters

* Ґ - [ɣ] - gh, ğ (Vozonid languages)
* Ԁ - dh (Heronoi, Tornarin languages)
* З́ - [t͡s] - ź (Vozonid transcriptions of Gauvajut scriptures), [z] (Siangwaanian)
* Ѕ - [dz] - dz (Bujanski); [d͡z~d͡ʐ] (Sevraejan)
* И - [-ø] -y (Bujanski); [(ʷ)ɪ] (Rukanian), [i] (Sevraejan)
	+ In Bujanski, this is the form of Ѵ when it represents the plural -y at the end of a word.
* Ԯ - [ɭ~lw] - lh (Vozonid languages)
* Ң - [ŋ] - ñ (Josolchir, Eosome, Wonao languages), ng (Siangwaanian)
* Ӈ - en (Eosome, new letter for the word "en", meaning "no, not")
	+ Added in the spelling reforms of 1910, affecting both the alphabetical form and the Common alphabet used to write in Eosome.
* Р, - [ɽ~rw] - rh (Vozonid languages except Azgovian)
* Ў - [w] - w (Marnosyn, Siangwaanian, Heronoi, Eosome, Wonao languages, Pinogunian)
* У̊ - [au] - -au (Eosome, a common plural)
	+ Added in the spelling reforms of 1910, affecting both the alphabetical form and the Common alphabet used to write in Eosome.
* Ѿ ѿ - [w] - w (in some countries); [(o)t] ot (Sevraejan)
	+ The only consonant that is allowed to end a word in native Sevraejan. All words must also end in either a vowel or a nasalised vowel.
	+ Also used in Sevraejan before a syllable to double its consonant, if it is not m or n.
* Ѡ - [ɔ] - ô (Vozonid languages), ō (Heronoi), au (Tornarin), uo (Sevraejan)
* Х - [x] - kh (Heronoi, Vozonid languages, Tornarin), [h] (Eosome)
* Һ - [h] - h (Marnosyn, Siangwaanian, Vozonid languages, Tornarin)
* Ъ - [y] - ü (Siangwaanian, Josolchir); [ɯ] y (Marnosyn, Bujanski)
	+ Now considered a variant of Ѵ (y) only used to transcribe difficult or unusual clusters in Bujanski.
	+ In informal Bujanski, ъ is added at the end of a word to represent emphasis, something like a puff or "agh!". It is considered humourous or derisive. For example:
		- Dejotǐ njot dreve. (*Give-PRES me-ACC lamp-INSTR*)
		- Дејоть нјот древе. (correct spelling: "*Give me the tree.*")
		- "Дејоть нјотъ древеЪ!!", (distorted, exaggerated: "*Gimmee datt treeeEEE!!*")
		- "дѢајѺттъ нјУттъ дРЪъѣвѢеааЪъЪ!!!" (*very*, very distorted for humourous effect: "*GYIMMI DYI TRWEEEEAAAAARGH*")
* Ѣ - [æ] - æ (Sarmelonid, Bujanski, Sevraejan, Drevobojanse, Plaeskovian, Ljetoslaujonski), ē (Heronoi); [jæ, æj~ej] ä (Marnosyn)
	+ Bujanski, Sevraejan, Drevobojanse, Plaeskovian, and Ljetoslaujonski are the only Slavic languages that use this letter as an independent phoneme. Sevraejan did so due to it being continually-used, and out of pride; while Bujanski did so due to Sarmelonid and Eosome influence, leading to the revival of this letter.
* Ю - oi (Tornarin); ju (Sevraejan, Rukanian)
* Я - ai (Tornarin); ja (Sevraejan, Rukanian)
	+ In Bujanski, this letter is usually read as "ai", only found in some archaic texts.
	+ In Sevraejan, this letter is instead used for "ja".
* Ѫ - [ø] - eu (Siangwaanian), ö (Heronoi, Eosome, Wonao languages); [ɔ̃] on (Sevraejan, archaic Bujanski)
	+ When an n from a nasal vowel (en, on) is in the middle of a Sevraejan word, the "n" of the vowel must be transcribed as "ń" (eń, oń).
	+ While Ѫ is no longer used in Bujanski, Ѫ is adopted in most Common alphabets for Eosome and other Wonao languages. The Wonao peoples chose to do so because they found the letter to be beautiful, due to it resembling a flower.
* Ꙛ - [ʊ̃~ʊɴ] - un (Sevraejan)
	+ For foreign words.
* Ѧ - [ɐ] - aa (Siangwaanian); [ɛ̃~æ̃] en (Sevraejan, archaic Bujanski); [jæ~jɛ̃] ê (Eosome)
	+ Also doubles the next m or n in native Sevraejan words.
* Ꙙ - an (Sevraejan)
	+ For foreign words, and also to double a preceding m or n.
* Ѯ - [k͡s] - x (Marnosyn, Heronoi, Tornarin languages)
* Ѳ - [θ] - th (Vozonid languages, Heronoi, Tornarin languages)
* Ѵ - [y] - y (Azgovian, Arantarese, Heronoi), [j] j, y (Josolchir, Siangwaanian); [y] ue (Marnosyn); [ɯ~y] y (Bujanski); in (Sevraejan)
	+ The proper way to write the letter "y" in Bujanski.
	+ Used for "in" in foreign words in Sevraejan.
* Џ - [d͡ʑ] - dž (various languages, including Josolchir and Bujanski)
* Ҁ - [q] - q (Vozonid languages, Qogandrian), [kʷ] qu (Heronoi)
	+ Often associated with Vozonid civilisation, due to the usage of "q" as a separate phoneme and the letter's resemblance to a khopesh sword.
	+ Online texts have a greeting, "ҀР" (qr, qoroz), which is a salutation of Vozonid civilisation.
	+ Ҁу is always used for qu-syllables in the Heronoi language.

### Local variants of letters

* Λʌ - l - (Josolchir, Siangwaanian)
	+ In Bujan, ʌ and ѵ represent "up and down", used for elevators and lifts. Fittingly, in the indigenous Eosome classical language, the letters also represented "lo" and "yl", which also mean "up" and "down".
* Ww - ô in Vozonid words (Bujanski)
* Σ̄ʒ̄ - x (with macron; Marnosyn)
* Ӡ̄ӡ̄ , Ꙃꙃ, Ꙁꙁ - x (with macron; Heronoi)

### Simplified handwriting and variants

* IJJJJJJJJJJJJJ - ij (Bujanski way to write "LOL" or express laughter; possibly influenced by Russian )))))) or Japanese wwww)
* Ѷ - y (Bujanski, former way to write the plural -y)
	+ Some proposed writing

### Commonly-used Bujanski shorthand

* Ѱ - čt or čto ("what")
* ӱ - ij
* 9 - ǐj (from ьј written in calligraphy)
	+ In Ukrainian and Russian, it corresponds to ьй.
	+ Example: Russian судья ("sud'ja", "judge") > written in Bujanski as судьја > суд9а
* Љ - -telǐ (-er, doer suffix)
* Ъ̄ - -itǐ (present verbal suffix)
	+ (в)аъ̄ - -(v)atǐ (usually continuous)

## Jerdiskar nations that use Cyrillic

### Official

* Josolchir
* Zvestarid

### Unofficial

* Sevraejan (native syllabary)
* Heronoi

## Trivia

* The author loved Cyrillic because it has more letters for various phonemes than Latin or Greek. The closest equivalents to him for another script would be Thai and Glagolitic, in terms of specific letters for conlang phonemes and aesthetic.
	+ His favourite letters are Ѡ, Ѣ, Ѳ, Ѵ, Ҁ (o/aw, ae, th, y, q).
	+ The author sometimes has a habit of writing the short "a" sound in English as Ѣ, because of reconstructions suggesting that this sound was the original pronunciation of the letter.
* In earlier versions of the Rabydosverse's lore, Cyrillic was imposed by the Tornarin Empire when it conquered the continent, causing it to be known as the Tornarin alphabet. It was supposedly a Darroskei script being adapted by the Tornarins.
* In Western popular culture, Cyrillic is often butchered to evoke a Soviet style. Ukrainians and Russians (or just anyone smart enough) who read this kind of Cyrillic will instead end up with gibberish.
	+ The same gibberish might instead be put to good use by inspiring people to create their own languages.

* Fake Cyrillic, especially from leftover American art, has become a game to many Bujanski people, who call it "Fake Common" as Cyrillic was known as "Common" for its international usage. The only rule in this "game" is to try to pronounce the letters, and if there is a score, you get bonus points for turning the words into a pun.
	+ Examples: SIБERIД ("Siberia") - "Dziberid" - žive rjed (living crack)
	+ TETЯIS ("Tetris") - "Tetjaidz" - tetjadǐ, tezjadǐ (frustration, "hurrah" (sarcastic))
* In 2022, Russian nationalists used a Latin "Z" letter to support their army's attacks on Ukraine. In response, the author wrote about an army of traitors in Bujan who used another Latin Z to claim Bujan as a colony of an alternate Russia, and the loyalists to the King using the Yat letter (Ѣ) as their symbol of independence and freedom from Terran rule.
	+ Unfortunately, the letter Ѣ is nowadays associated in Russia with far-right extremists, aside from some monarchist groups. These may include hypernationalist and militarist groups that the Bujanski will absolutely oppose for their extremism.
	+ While Ѵ is a common letter in Common handwriting, to differentiate it from the V used by the Zavtranian warlords, Bujanski tend to write a tail or hook to the right of Ѵ.
* Bujanski, Sevraejan, Drevobojanse, Plaeskovian, and Ljetoslaujonski are five modern Slavic languages on Jerde where Ѣ is a distinct vowel.
	+ The second reflects the usage of the Ѣ vowel in Novgorod birch bark texts.

### Proposed Bujanski Cyrillic

These were the proposed letters used for writing Cyrillic for Bujanski during Wannaenid rule:

* ѣ (ae) - ә
* і - и
* ј - й
* је - е
* јо, ѻ - ё (when stressed), йо/ьо
* ју - ю
* ја - я
* јѣ - йә
* ѵ, и - ы
* е - э
* џ - дж

## External links

* Early Cyrillic keyboards online: link link
* Slavenica, which converts modern Russian text into Tsarist or archaic spelling