Kingdom of Monaco

The Kingdom of Monaco is a Country located in Southeast France that is a Puppet State of the Italian Empire. The Kingdom was once a really small Principality until Italy enlarged the region to end up annexing all of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur under the flag of Monaco.

## History

### Origin

In 1793, Revolutionary forces captured Monaco and until 1814 it was occupied by the French (in this period much of Europe had been overrun by the French armies under the command of Napoleon Bonaparte). The principality was reestablished in 1814 under the Grimaldis, only to be designated a protectorate of the Kingdom of Sardinia by the Congress of Vienna in 1815. Monaco remained in this position until 1860 when, by the Treaty of Turin, the Sardinian forces pulled out of the principality; the surrounding County of Nice (as well as Savoy) was ceded to France. Monaco became a French protectorate once again.

Before this time there was unrest in Menton and Roquebrune, where the townspeople had become weary of heavy taxation by the Grimaldi family. They declared their independence, hoping for annexation by Sardinia. France protested. The unrest continued until Charles III of Monaco gave up his claim to the two mainland towns (some 95% of the principality at the time) that had been ruled by the Grimaldi family for over 500 years.

These were ceded to France in return for 4,100,000 francs. The transfer and Monaco's sovereignty were recognised by the Franco-Monégasque Treaty of 1861. In 1869, the principality stopped collecting income tax from its residents—an indulgence the Grimaldi family could afford to entertain thanks solely to the extraordinary success of the casino. This made Monaco not only a playground for the rich, but a favoured place for them to live.

Until the Monégasque Revolution of 1910 forced the adoption of the 1911 Constitution of Monaco, the princes of Monaco were absolute rulers. The new constitution, however, barely reduced the autocratic rule of the Grimaldi family and Prince Albert I soon suspended it during the First World War.

### Italian Invasion

Italy with Germany invaded the Principality during their invasion of France. The 1911 Constitution of Monaco was burned and a new constitution was created as it was constitution that restored the princes of Monaco as absolute rulers and shall be declared kings, except they are absolute rulers under the totalitarian control of the Italian King. This angered the Monégasques who lost everything they fought for in the Monégasque Revolution of 1910 as they rioted against Prince Albert I now King Albert I of Monaco to stop this, sadly many of them were killed by the Italian Soldiers who suppressed the rebellion. The Italians extended the Kingdom to Cover all of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.

### Mussolini Takeover

The Monaco Situation got worse as Mussolini took charge of the Italian Government.

## Government

The Government of Monaco is an Absolute Monarchy ruled by the King who has power over everything including the Government, Military, Aristocrats and all institutions. The King rules with a Praetor who is appointed into the position by the King of Italy. The Praetor elects members of the 24 member National Council who are appointed by the King. The 24 Members then elect a Prime Minister appointed by the Praetor and King as he elects members of the Administration Cabinet.

## Military

### Army

The Army is a large institution that consists of 120 Infantry Divisions, 110 Calvary Units, 100 Artillery Pieces, 90 Gun Cars and 80 Tanks. The Army was near non-existent until Italy's conquest of the Kingdom when it was Principality.

### Navy

The Navy is equipped with 6 Submarines, 4 Destroyers, 2 Battleships and 1 Aircraft Carrier used to defend the coast of Monaco from outside threats in which there are none due to the fact Italy controls the part Mediterranean Sea that has Monaco's coast.

### Air Force

The Air Force consists of the 60 Warplanes that are on the Aircraft Carrier of Monaco's navy.

## Foreign Relations

* Colonial Relations with the Italian Empire

## Economy

The plan for casino gambling was drafted during the reign of Florestan I in 1846. Under Louis-Philippe's petite-bourgeois regime, however, a dignitary such as the Prince of Monaco was not allowed to operate a gambling house. All this changed in the dissolute Second French Empire under Napoleon III. The House of Grimaldi was in dire need of money.

The towns of Menton and Roquebrune, which had been the main sources of income for the Grimaldi family for centuries, were now accustomed to a much-improved standard of living and lenient taxation thanks to the Sardinian intervention and clamoured for financial and political concession, even for separation. The Grimaldi family hoped the newly legal industry would help alleviate the difficulties they faced, above all the crushing debt the family had incurred, but Monaco's first casino would not be ready to operate until after Charles III assumed the throne in 1856.

The grantee of the princely concession (licence) was unable to attract enough business to sustain the operation and, after relocating the casino several times, sold the concession to French casino magnates François and Louis Blanc for 1.7 million francs.

The Blancs had already set up a highly successful casino (in fact the largest in Europe) in Bad-Homburg in the Grand Duchy of Hesse-Homburg, a small German principality comparable to Monaco, and quickly petitioned Charles III to rename a depressed seaside area known as "Les Spelugues (Den of Thieves)" to "Monte Carlo (Mount Charles)." They then constructed their casino in the newly dubbed "Monte Carlo" and cleared out the area's less-than-savoury elements to make the neighbourhood surrounding the establishment more conducive to tourism.

The Blancs opened Le Grand Casino de Monte Carlo in 1858 and the casino benefited from the tourist traffic the newly built French railway system created. Due to the combination of the casino and the railroads, Monaco finally recovered from the previous half-century of economic slump and the principality's success attracted other businesses. In the years following the casino's opening, Monaco founded its Oceanographic Museum and the Monte Carlo Opera House, 46 hotels were built and the number of jewelers operating in Monaco increased by nearly five-fold. In an apparent effort to not overtax citizens, it was decreed that the Monégasque citizens were prohibited from entering the casino unless they were employees. By 1869, the casino was making such a vast sum of money that the principality could afford to end tax collection from the Monegasques—a masterstroke that was to attract affluent residents from all over Europe in a policy that still exists today.