Indictments of Donald Trump

Trump is the subject of numerous probes into his actions and business dealings before, during and after his presidency. In February 2021, the district attorney for Fulton County, Georgia, Fani Willis, announced a criminal probe into Trump's phone calls to Georgia Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger. The New York State Attorney General's Office is conducting criminal investigations into Trump's business activities in conjunction with the Manhattan District Attorney's Office. By May 2021, a special grand jury was considering indictments. In July 2021, New York prosecutors charged the Trump Organization with a "15 year 'scheme to defraud' the government". In January 2023, the organization's chief financial officer, Allen Weisselberg, was sentenced to five months in jail and five years probation for tax fraud after a plea deal.

#### FBI investigations

Main articles: FBI investigation into Donald Trump's handling of government documents, FBI search of Mar-a-Lago, and Smith special counsel investigation
 File:Classified intelligence material found during search of Mar-a-Lago.jpg  When Trump left the White House in January 2021, he took government documents and material with him to Mar-a-Lago. By May 2021, the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), the federal agency that preserves government records, realized that important documents had not been turned over to them at the end of Trump's term and asked his office to locate them. In January 2022, they retrieved 15 boxes of White House records from Mar-a-Lago. NARA later informed the Department of Justice that some of the retrieved documents were classified material. The Justice Department began an investigation in April 2022 and convened a grand jury. The Justice Department sent Trump a subpoena for additional material on May 11. On June 3, Justice Department officials visited Mar-a-Lago and received some classified documents from Trump's lawyers. One of the lawyers signed a statement affirming that all material marked as classified had been returned to the government. Later that month an additional subpoena was sent requesting surveillance footage from Mar-a-Lago, which was provided.

On August 8, 2022, FBI agents searched Trump's residence, office, and storage areas at Mar-a-Lago to recover government documents and material Trump had taken with him when he left office in violation of the Presidential Records Act, reportedly including some related to nuclear weapons. The search warrant, authorized by U.S. Attorney General Merrick Garland and approved by a federal magistrate judge, and the written inventory of the seized items were made public on August 12. The text of the search warrant indicates an investigation of potential violations of the Espionage Act and obstruction of justice laws. The items taken in the search included 11 sets of classified documents, four of them tagged as "top secret" and one as "top secret/SCI", the highest level of classification.

On November 18, 2022, Garland appointed a special counsel, federal prosecutor Jack Smith, to oversee the federal criminal investigations into Trump retaining government property at Mar-a-Lago and examining Trump's role in the events leading up to the January 6, 2021, Capitol attack.

#### Criminal referral by the House January 6 Committee

Main article: United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack
On December 19, 2022, the United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack recommended criminal charges against Trump for obstructing an official proceeding, conspiracy to defraud the United States, and inciting or assisting an insurrection.

#### Federal and state criminal cases against Trump

##### New York prosecution for falsifying business records

Main article: Prosecution of Donald Trump in New York
On March 30, 2023, a New York grand jury indicted Trump on 34 felony counts of falsifying business records. On April 4, he surrendered and was arrested and arraigned; he pleaded not guilty on all counts and was released. The trial is scheduled to begin on March 25, 2024.

##### Government and classified documents case

Main article: Federal prosecution of Donald Trump (classified documents case)
On June 8, the Justice Department indicted Trump in Miami federal court for 31 counts of "willfully retaining national defense information under the Espionage Act", one count of making false statements, and, jointly with a personal aide, single counts of conspiracy to obstruct justice, withholding government documents, corruptly concealing records, concealing a document in a federal investigation and scheming to conceal their efforts. Trump pleaded not guilty to all charges. In July a superseding indictment added three additional criminal charges, bringing the number of charges in the case to 40. The trial is scheduled to begin on May 20, 2024.

##### Election obstruction case

Main article: Federal prosecution of Donald Trump (election obstruction case)
On August 1, a Washington, D.C., federal grand jury indicted Trump on four counts for his efforts to overturn the 2020 election results. He was charged with conspiring with unnamed co-conspirators to defraud the United States, obstruct the certification of the Electoral College vote, and deprive people of the civil right to have their votes counted, as well as obstructing an official proceeding. Trump pleaded not guilty to all charges. The case is slated to go to trial on March 4, 2024.

##### Georgia election interference case

Main article: Georgia election racketeering prosecution
On August 14, a Fulton County, Georgia, grand jury indicted Trump and 18 allies for racketeering – among other felonies – after Trump campaign officials accessed voting machines with election officials. On August 24, Trump surrendered, was placed under arrest and processed at Fulton County Jail, and released on bail. He posted the mug shot on Twitter and on his campaign website with a fundraising pitch. On August 31, he pleaded not guilty.

#### Civil lawsuits against Trump

##### Class action lawsuit for fraud

Main article: Doe et al. v. Trump Corp. et al.
In 2018, four investors filed a federal class action lawsuit against Trump, the Trump Organization, and his three eldest children for not disclosing that they were paid by ACN, Inc., when they recommended the company as a sound investment on *The Apprentice*. In July 2019, a district judge permitted the lawsuit to proceed with state-level claims of fraud, false advertising, and unfair competition. The case is slated to go to trial on January 29, 2024.

##### New York State's civil fraud case

Main article: New York civil investigation of The Trump Organization
In September 2022, the New York State Attorney General filed a civil fraud case against Trump, his three oldest children, and the Trump Organization. In December 2021, the Attorney General's office had subpoenaed Trump to produce documents related to his business. In April 2022, a New York state judge held Trump in contempt of court for failing to comply with the subpoena and imposed a fine of $10,000 per day until he does. Trump was deposed in August and invoked his Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination more than 400 times. The judge presiding over the civil suit ruled in September 2023 that Trump, his adult sons and the Trump Organization repeatedly committed fraud and ordered their New York business certificates canceled and their business entities sent into receivership for dissolution.

##### E. Jean Carroll's lawsuits

Main article: E. Jean Carroll v. Donald J. Trump
In May 2023, a New York jury in a federal lawsuit brought by journalist E. Jean Carroll found Trump liable for sexual abuse and defamation and ordered him to pay her $5 million. Trump asked the district court for a new trial or a reduction of the damage award, arguing that the jury had not found him liable for rape, and also, in a separate lawsuit, countersued Carroll for defamation. The judge for the two lawsuits ruled against Trump in July and August. Trump appealed both decisions to an appeals court. The trial in the defamation case is scheduled to begin on January 15, 2024.

1. ↑ Baker, Peter (September 19, 2022). The Story So Far: Where 6 Investigations Into Donald Trump Stand. *The New York Times*.
2. ↑ Mangan, Dan (February 10, 2021). Georgia DA opens criminal probe of Trump call urging secretary of state to find votes. *CNBC*.
3. ↑ New York attorney general opens criminal investigation into Trump Organization. *The Guardian* (May 19, 2021).
4. ↑ Template:Cite news
5. ↑ Sisak, Michael R. (May 25, 2021). New grand jury seated for next stage of Trump investigation. *Associated Press*.
6. ↑ Trump Organization Is Charged in 15-Year Tax Scheme. *The New York Times* (July 1, 2021).
7. ↑ Anuta, Joe (January 10, 2023). Ex-Trump Org. CFO Allen Weisselberg sentenced to 5 months in jail for tax fraud. *Politico*.
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Timeline: The Justice Department criminal inquiry into Trump taking classified documents to Mar-a-Lago. *CNN* (August 12, 2022).
9. ↑ The Timeline Related to the F.B.I.'s Search of Mar-a-Lago. *The New York Times* (August 9, 2022).
10. ↑ Trump Lawyer Told Justice Dept. That Classified Material Had Been Returned. *The New York Times* (August 13, 2022).
11. ↑ Trump Search Said to Be Part of Effort to Find Highly Classified Material. *The New York Times* (August 11, 2022).
12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Template:Cite news
13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Template:Cite news
14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Files Seized From Trump Are Part of Espionage Act Inquiry. *The New York Times* (August 12, 2022).
15. ↑ FBI search warrant shows Trump under investigation for potential obstruction of justice, Espionage Act violations. *Politico* (August 12, 2022).
16. ↑ Garland Names Special Counsel for Trump Inquiries. *The New York Times* (November 18, 2022).
17. ↑ Garland names special counsel to lead Trump-related probes. *AP News* (November 18, 2022).
18. ↑ Feuer, Alan (December 19, 2022). It's Unclear Whether the Justice Dept. Will Take Up the Jan. 6 Panel's Charges. *The New York Times*.
19. ↑ Donald Trump indicted by Manhattan grand jury on 34 counts related to fraud. *CNN* (March 31, 2023).
20. ↑ Template:Cite news
21. ↑ The latest on Trump's historic indictment and felony charges. *CNN* (April 5, 2023).
22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 Template:Cite news
23. ↑ Template:Cite news
24. ↑ Trump pleads not guilty to 37 federal criminal counts in Mar-a-Lago case. *The Guardian* (June 14, 2023).
25. ↑ 5 revelations from new Trump charges. *The Hill* (July 28, 2023).
26. ↑ Template:Cite news
27. ↑ Donald Trump pleads not guilty to January 6-related charges. *CNN* (August 3, 2023).
28. ↑ Trump and 18 allies charged in Georgia election meddling as former president faces 4th criminal case. *Associated Press* (August 15, 2023).
29. ↑ Exclusive: Georgia prosecutors have messages showing Trump's team is behind voting system breach. *CNN* (August 13, 2023).
30. ↑ Trump mug shot released by Fulton County Sheriff's Office. *ABC News* (August 25, 2023).
31. ↑ Rabinowitz, Hannah (August 31, 2023). Trump pleads not guilty in Georgia election subversion case. *CNN*.
32. ↑ Woellert, Lorraine (October 29, 2018). Lawsuit accuses Trump family of peddling phony get-rich schemes. *Politico*.
33. ↑ Stempel, Jonathan (July 24, 2019). Trump must face marketing scam lawsuit, escapes racketeering claims: NY judge. *Reuters*.
34. ↑ Orden, Erica (June 15, 2023). Trump now faces four trials over six-month span during critical phase of 2024 campaign. *Politico*.
35. ↑ New York attorney general files civil fraud lawsuit against Trump, some of his children and his business. *CNN* (September 21, 2022).
36. ↑ New York A.G. Seeks to Question Trump Children in Fraud Inquiry. *The New York Times* (January 3, 2022).
37. ↑ Judge holds former President Trump in civil contempt for failing to comply with document subpoenas from New York attorney general. *CNN* (April 25, 2022).
38. ↑ Trump Invokes Fifth Amendment, Attacking Legal System as Troubles Mount. *The New York Times* (August 10, 2022).
39. ↑ Template:Cite news
40. ↑ A jury finds Trump liable for battery and defamation in E. Jean Carroll trial. *NPR* (May 9, 2023).
41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 Orden, Erica (July 19, 2023). Trump loses bid for new trial in E. Jean Carroll case. *Politico*.
42. ↑ Judge tosses Trump's counterclaim against E. Jean Carroll, finding rape claim is 'substantially true'. *NBC News* (August 7, 2023).
43. ↑ Stempel, Jonathan (August 10, 2023). Trump appeals dismissal of defamation claim against E. Jean Carroll. *Reuters*.