List of nations

The nations of Pangaia are numerous each with their unique and long histories, I have yet to figure all their names or locations. Once that has been accomplished generating the maps is next on the list.

## Afar

Afar is similar to Africa before European colonization.

### Malinea

Western subcontinent of Afar.

Oraeze Nrì, and Takrur.
### Sakar

Northern subcontinent of Afar.

Garama, Libu, Pūt,
### Sibongile

Southern subcontenent of Afar.

Ubuntu, Siyanda,
### Sutekh

Northeastern subcontinent of Afar.

Kumat, Kush, and Nubia.
Unnamed subcontinents
and ***[(a few countries to go)]***.
## Eiralænor

Eiralænor is a continent with mythical lands placed in or near the Atlantic ocean.

Unnamed subcontinents
Antyllia, Cantre'r Gwaelod, Eiralor, Llys Helig, Morvann, Ogygia, and Ys,
## Eurus

Eurus is the European continent with countries scattered through time but developed to be equal in power and respect.

### Ægea

Antianeir, Hellás Dimokratía, Ionia, and Kosapetra.
* *Pangaia Oidipous* takes place in Hellás Dimokratía beginning 14th of C'hwevrer 5222Æ.

### Bolšójalý

Cimmeria, Ruthenia, Rus'kaya, and Scythia.
### Brythonia

The Bryth sea separates the three subcontinents below.
West Brythonia
Hibernia.
East Brythonia
Britannia, Gwynedd, Iceni, and Umbria.
North Brythonia
Alba, Circinn, and Scotia.
### Hyperborea

Arimaspi is the sole kingdom of Hyperborea.
### Nøstvet

Holrland (Dûr sylvanni kingdom), Skógrheimr (Eryn sylvanni kingdom), Væringjar, and Vogboldir (Durinn kingdom).
### Thüringen

Kaiserreich, Magadonia, ***[one more germanic kingdom, old gothic style?]***
### Ynys Afallach

Afallon, Dubh Faiche, and Taurea.
* *Pangaia Hinxworth*, *Pangaia Incestus* and *Pangaia Airdtriath Èirich* occurs on this subcontinent each beginning on 13th of Mae 5210Æ, 19th of Genver 5231Æ and 11th of Du 5263Æ respectively.
* *Pangaia Kaine* will begin on 14th of Du 5271Æ, and probably end, in Dubh Faiche.
* *Pangaia Orichalcum Effect* will probably begin and end at the capitol of Afallon, Cærllion.

## Terra Australis

### Terra Australis

A large continent with no subcontinents and one kingdom.

Australis.
## Tetawken

Tetawken is the Americas with many subcontinents.

### Tsokanende

Apacheria, Bama, Cahokia (Mississippian culture), Tejas, Tsalagi (Cherokee)
### Vinland

Vinland.
Unnamed subcontinents
Aztlán (Aztec), K'iche' (Mayan), Mokaya (southern Mexico), Tolán (Teotihuacan, capital Cholula), Tawantinsuyu (Inca Empire), and ***[(a few more, possibly a few, few more)]***.

### Batu

Achaemenid, Dilmun, Osmanlı, and ***[(other countries for subcontinent of Batu)]***
### Bhārata

Palas, Kuṣāṇa Sāmrājya, Magadha, Pandyas, Prakṛti,
### Subir

Andronovo, Barga, Khakha, Scyth, Selkup, and ***[(a couple more maybe)]***.
Unnamed subcontinents
Khamag, Naiman, Qin, Tatar, Wei Shuyu, Yashima, and Zhongshan

## Notes

1. ↑ The continent of Afar — think Africa — is south of the continent of Eurus with the nations Garama, Kumat, Kush, Nubia, Oraeze Nrì, Pūt, Takrur, and Ubuntu.
2. ↑ Malinea is a subcontinent on the west of Afar and home to two polities: Oraeze Nrì, and Takrur.
3. ↑ Oraeze Nrì (a.k.a Ọ̀ràézè Ǹrì) (Igbo: Oraeze Nrì Ọ̀ràézè Ǹrì *Kingdom of Nri*) is a nation of west Afar.
4. ↑ Takrur, a kingdom still recovering from a civil war between two royal families following the death of the king of Takrur with no heirs. Takrur in on the subcontinent of ***[(have yet to name the subcontinent Takrur resides)]*** on Afra continent to the south of Eurus.
5. ↑ Sakar is one of the largest subcontinents of Pangaia, and is the largest of the Afar continent. Sakar is primarily composed of desert.
6. ↑ Garama is a small nation within the Sakar Desert, Sakar.
7. ↑ Libu runs along the northern coast of Sakar subcontinent. The Isiwan is the largest oasis.
8. ↑ Pūt is a punic kingdom, and it served as a major hub of trade throughout northern Afar and southern Eurus primarily through its vast naval fleets.
9. ↑ Sibongile (Zulu: "We Are Thankful") is a subcontinent on the southern shore of Afar and home to two polities: Siyanda, and Ubuntu.
10. ↑ Ubuntu is an Afar nation which fights to uphold itself to its namesake, humanity.
11. ↑ Siyanda (Zulu: "We are Growing") is a zulu kingdom.
12. ↑ Sutekh is a subcontinent on the northeastern corner of Afar and home to three polities: Kumat, Kush, and Nubia.
13. ↑ Kumat — think ancient Egypt — is a country that resembles ancient Egypt with advanced technology and sciences. Its capital is Waset. Kumat is on the subcontinent of Sutekh
14. ↑ Kush is south of Kumat and west of Nubia on the subcontinent of Sutekh.
15. ↑ Nubia is south of Kumat and east of Kush on the subcontinent of Sutekh.
16. ↑ Eiralænor is the continent that in in the ocean to the west of Eurus. The nations in Eiralænor are Antyllia, Cantre'r Gwaelod, Eiralor, Llys Helig, Lyonesse, Morvann, Ogygia, and Ys.
17. ↑ Antyllia (or Antilia) is a phantom island that was reputed, during the 15th-century age of exploration, to lie in the Atlantic Ocean, far to the west of Portugal and Spain. The island also went by the name of Isle of Seven Cities (Ilha das Sete Cidades in Portuguese, Isla de las Siete Ciudades in Spanish). It originates from an old Iberian legend, set during the Muslim conquest of Hispania c. 714. Seeking to flee from the Muslim conquerors, seven Christian Visigothic bishops embarked with their flocks on ships and set sail westwards into the Atlantic Ocean, eventually landing on an island (Antilha) where they founded seven settlements.
18. ↑ A mythological sunken island that has been described as a "Welsh Atlantis", I have taken the name and a few stories of Cantre'r Gwaelod to create this nation of Pangaia. *(for further information of the "real" island: Wikipedia)*
19. ↑ Eiralor is the first and largest of the sylvanni kingdoms after their transit to this realm approximately 100-millennia ago.
20. ↑ On the northwestern tip of mainland Wales is a mysterious rock formation. This massive headland to the west of Llandudno Bay is called by the English “the Great Orme” (Welsh: *Llys Helig*). The word Orme is thought to derive from the Scandinavian word for a worm. It is said that a Viking raiding party saw the rock rearing up from the mist in front of their longboat and mistaking it for a serpent, fled in terror. *(source: Historic UK)*
21. ↑ Morvann ***[(lost source)]***.
22. ↑ Ogygia (/oʊˈdʒɪdʒiə/; Ancient Greek: Ὠγυγίη Ōgygíē [ɔːɡyɡíɛː], or Ὠγυγία Ōgygia [ɔːɡyɡíaː]) is an island mentioned in Homer's Odyssey, Book V, as the home of the nymph Calypso, the daughter of the Titan Atlas, also known as Atlantis (Ατλαντίς) in ancient Greek. In Homer's Odyssey, Calypso detained Odysseus on Ogygia for seven years and kept him from returning to his home in Ithaca, wanting to marry him.
23. ↑ Ys (pronounced /ˈiːs/ EESS), also spelled Is or Kêr-Is in Breton (kêr is the Breton word for "city", see caer), and Ville d'Ys in French, is a mythical city that was built on the coast of Brittany and later swallowed by the ocean. Most versions of the legend place the city in the Baie de Douarnenez.
24. ↑ The continent Eurus is similar to Europe with the subcontinents Ægea, Aquitania, Bolšójalý, East, West and North Brythonia, Byzantinæ, Dacia, Hyperborea, Iberia, Nøstvet, Œnotria, Thüringen, and Ynys Afallach. The nations in Eurus are Afallon, Alba, Antianeir, Astyrs, Britannia, Byzas Aftokratoría, Celtica, Cimmeria, Circinn, Dubh Faiche, Etruria, Gwynedd, Hellás Dimokratía, Hibernia, Iceni, Ionia, Kaiserreich, Latium Æterna, Lesvos, Lyonne, Prusa, Ruthenia, Rus'kaya, Scotia, Scythia, Sklavinia, Țara Romaneasca, Tarchonia, Taurea, Umbria, Væringjar, and Vogboldir with ***[(other countries for continent of Eurus* Template:Continent and subcontinent ref*)]***.
25. ↑ Ægea is the subcontinent of the nations of Hellás Dimokratía, Ionia, and the three island-based countries, covering several islands each: the matriarchal, antianeirai kingdom of Antianeir, the daktyloi kingdom of Kosapetra, and the nation of Lesvos, occupied by lesbian from all over the world and of a variety of species.
26. ↑ Antianeir is an Amazon-like kingdom on an island of the same name, home of the Antianeirai, of the continent of Eurus.
27. ↑ Hellás Dimokratía is a republic in the southwest portion of the Eurus continent.
28. ↑ Ionia is a grecian nation following Ancient Greek standards. ***[(Haven't a clue what that means now. Back with further details as they bubble up.)]***
29. ↑ Kosapetra is a daktyloi country on island of Kos, near the subcontinent of Ægea part of the Eurus continent.
30. ↑ *Pangaia Oidipous* (14th of C'hwevrer 5222Æ) is based ***loosely*** on the Oedipus Complex and Electra Complex… Well, not really. Just using the (Greek, not Latin) names and the mother-son and father-daughter incestuous relationships.
31. ↑ West of the subcontinent Ynys Afallach, Aquitania as two nations, Celtica, and Lyonne.
32. ↑ Aquitaine ***[(follows roughly the Duchy of Aquitaine)]***
33. ↑ Celtica is obviously a celtic kingdom withing the area of France.
34. ↑ Lyonne is a medieval, frankish styled kindom.
35. ↑ Bolšójalý is the subcontinent, part of the Eurus continent, with the nations Cimmeria, Ruthenia, Rus'kaya, and Scythia.
36. ↑ The Cimmerians (also Kimmerians; Greek: Κιμμέριοι, Kimmérioi) were an ancient people, who appeared about 1000 BC and are mentioned later in 8th century BC in Assyrian records. (source: Wikipedia)
37. ↑ Ruthenia is a loose federation of East Slavic tribes in Eurus.
38. ↑ Rus'kaya is a Russian nation similar to the Golden Age of Katherine the Great.
39. ↑ Scythia (UK: /ˈsɪðiə/; US: /ˈsɪθiə/; Ancient Greek: Σκυθική, Skythikē) was a region of Central Eurasia in classical antiquity, occupied by the Eastern Iranian Scythians, encompassing parts of Eastern Europe east of the Vistula River and Central Asia, with the eastern edges of the region vaguely defined by the Greeks. The Ancient Greeks gave the name Scythia (or Great Scythia) to all the lands north-east of Europe and the northern coast of the Black Sea.
40. ↑ Think the British Isles, one could take a leaky row boat from east to west Brythonia and back. There are six kingdoms, one the western, smaller section of Brythonia, Hibernia, the rest to the east, Alba, Britannia, Gwynedd Scotia, and Umbria.
41. ↑ Hibernia is an old Irish nation in the northwestern Eurus. Its capital is Lyceni.
42. ↑ Britannia during the colonial period without the colonial part. *(Still working this out. Dahm but making a viable world is difficult.)*
43. ↑ Gwynedd is a celtic kindom from the Welsh region of the British Isles.
44. ↑ Iceni is a Celtic country on the subconinent of Brythonia part of the Eurus continent.
45. ↑ Umbria is an Anglo-Saxon kingdom based on Northumbria.
46. ↑ Alba is a pictish kingdom.
47. ↑ Circinn is the pictish homeland located to the north of the other nations on Brythonia part of the Eurus continent.
48. ↑ Scotia is to the northeast of Eurus and closely resembles medieval Scotland.
49. ↑ Byzantinæ is the subcontinent of the nation Byzas Aftokratoría.
50. ↑ Byzas Aftokratoría is a nation loosely based on the Byzantine Empire.
51. ↑ Dacia is a slavic subcontinent, othe subcontinents are further the east and north, with the nations Prusa, Sklavinia, and Țara Romaneasca.
52. ↑ Prusa is a baltic nation on the continent of Eurus.
53. ↑ Sklavinia is a slavic nation bordering Byzas Aftokratoría, Hellas Dimokratia, Țara Romaneasca, and a couple others(?).
54. ↑ Țara Romaneasca is the nation similar to Transylvania.
55. ↑ Hyperborea is a subconinent of Eurus, a land of giants north of Ægea.
56. ↑ Arimaspi is the lone country of the small subcontinent Hyperborea populated by giants and cyclops.
57. ↑ Iberia is the southwestern subcontinent of Eurus containing the nation of Astyrs and ***[future additions including a muslim caliphate]***
58. ↑ al-Walid is a nation on the southern coast of the Iberia subcontinent, on the southwest of Eurus.
59. ↑ Aragon ***[(country of the Basques, need adjusted info)]***
60. ↑ Astyrs is a iberian celtic kingdom.
61. ↑ Navarre is a nation on the subcontinent of Iberia on the southwest of Eurus.
62. ↑ Nøstvet is the subcontinent with the nations Væringjar, the dûr sylvanni kingdom of Holrland, and the durinn kingdom of Vogboldir.
63. ↑ Holrland (Old Norse: Holrland or *Hollowland* is a derivative of *holr-* (*hollow*) and *land*) is a dûr sylvanni kingdom, within a mountain range, in the north Eurus. The kingdom is composed of a matriarchal government, society, etcetera.
64. ↑ The dûr sylvanni (also known as dark or somber elves) is a subspecies of the sylvanni, though the dark sylvanni are tall and toned.
65. ↑ Skógrheimr is an eryn sylvanni nation on the subcontinent of Nøstvet to the northeast of Ynys Afallach, on the continent of Eurus.
66. ↑ The eryn sylvanni or wood (or forest) sylvanni is a subspecies of the sylvanni, though the forest sylvanni are shorter than an arasylvanni, and toned and fit opposed to voluptuous.
67. ↑ Væringjar is a nordic kingdom in the north Eurus continent near Vogboldir.
68. ↑ Vogboldir is the largest of the durinn kingdoms located in the northern Eurus continent near the nation of Væringjar.
69. ↑ The durinn are the species that initially appeared in far-northern Eurus area and is now their kingdom Vogboldir.
70. ↑ Œnotria, a subcontinent of Eurus, has the nations Etruria, Latium Æterna, and Tarchonia.
71. ↑ Etruria, think ancient Etruscan, is a country in southern Eurus continent just north of Latium Æterna.
72. ↑ Latium Æterna is a Catholic-Mithras (Ecclesia Catholica Latium de Mithras) fusion-based theocratic country whose religion has gone bad over the past several centuries.
73. ↑ Tarchonia is a kingdom of Oenotria subcontinent, and Eurus continent.
74. ↑ The Thüringen subcontinent, part of the continent Eurus, has the nations Kaiserreich, ***[one more germanic kingdom, old gothic style?]***
75. ↑ Kaiserreich (lit emperor state) is a germanic state, think steampunk version of a weak Nazi Germany nation, to the east of Afallon.
76. ↑ Magadonia is a kingdom ruled by a misogynist, racist, nationalist government. *(for those who missed it:* Maga*-donia. Look no further than the extreme right of the repug party for what it means to be a "*true*" follower of the Magadonia banner.)*
77. ↑ Ynys Afallach is a subcontinent in the continent Eurus. The countries within are Afallon, Dubh Faiche, and Taurea.
78. ↑ Afallon is the kingdom of the airdtriathan ruled by Airdrìgh, or High King, Rycharde Pendraig. Its captal is Cærllion.
79. ↑ Dubh Faiche is a nation ruled over by the airdtriath Kaine and is on the subcontinent Ynys Afallach next to Afallon and Taurea.
80. ↑ Taurea is a Sylvannian kingdoms located western shore of Ynys Afallach subcontinent in the continent of Eurus neighbored with Afallon and Dubh Faiche.
81. ↑ *Pangaia Hinxworth* **(WIP)**, beginning 13th of Mae 5210Æ, is a project I started using the Ren'Py game engine. *Pangaia Hinxworth* is in pre-alpha mode.
82. ↑ *Pangaia Incestus*, beginning 19th of Genver 5231Æ, is a smaller game than *Pangaia Airdtriath Èirich*, though the scale of content has grown over the past few months, the size in maps has stayed the same in number and size. *Pangaia Incestus* is using going to be developed using the Ren'Py game engine.
83. ↑ *Pangaia Airdtriath Èirich*, beginning 11th of Du 5263Æ, is a large project I began developing several months ago using the RPG Maker MV. It is now on hold after I began a smaller game, *Pangaia Incestus*, though if, or when, I begin working on it it will be using Ren'Py game engine.
84. ↑ *Pangaia Kaine* (14th of Du 5271Æ) is a dark game with all the fetishes of Rycharde's Realm games, and possibly a couple more that fit with the darker feel, and will deal with the Cthunhoniasma (think Cthulhu-like). The game engine is Ren'Py. This is another game on the back burner.
85. ↑ *Pangaia Orichalcum Effect*, beginning 28th of Eost 5361Æ, is a game whose concept bubbled up in the morning of 7 Apr 2018, Pangaia in space. This game will use the Ren'Py game engine. *Pangaia Orichalcum Effect* is on the back burner, for now.
86. ↑ Terra Australis is a small continent separated far from the nearest continent Waṣûm. Of course, the one nations took on the name of the continent as its own.
87. ↑ Australis (Latin: *South Land*) is a hypothetical continent first posited in antiquity and which appeared on maps between the 15th and 18th centuries. The existence of Terra Australis was not based on any survey or direct observation, but rather on the idea that continental land in the Northern Hemisphere should be balanced by land in the south. This theory of balancing land has been documented as early as the 5th century on maps by Macrobius, who uses the term Australis on his maps.
88. ↑ ***[accidently removed ref text]***.
89. ↑ Tsokanende is a subcontinent of Tetawken with only one nation, Apacheria.
90. ↑ Apacheria is the nation populated with a near 50/50 split of migrants from Eurus and the native Apache peoples. Apacheria is the only nation on the sub-continent if Tsokanende.
91. ↑ Bama (“an unstylish rural person; a hick”)
92. ↑ Cahokia became the most important center for the people known today as Mississippians. Their settlements ranged across what is now the Midwest, Eastern, and the Southeastern United States. Cahokia was located in a strategic position near the confluence of the Mississippi, Missouri, and Illinois Rivers. It maintained trade links with communities as far away as the Great Lakes to the north and the Gulf Coast to the south, trading in such exotic items as copper, Mill Creek chert, and whelk shells.
93. ↑ Tejas (think Texas of course) is populated primarily by Eurus immigrants with a high number of spanish/southern-natives. ***[cannot think of a good way to say this, brain-fritz]***
94. ↑ Tsalagi (Cherokee: ᏣᎳᎩ)
95. ↑ Vinland is a subcontinent in the continent Tetawken. The sole polity is Vinland.
96. ↑ Vinland is the name of the nation settled by the ***[vikings]*** in the subcontinent of Vindland on the continent of Tetawken.
97. ↑ Aztlán (from Nahuatl languages: Aztlān, Nahuatl pronunciation: [ˈast͡ɬaːn] (About this sound listen)) is the legendary ancestral home of the Aztec peoples. Aztecah is the Nahuatl word for "people from Aztlan". Aztlan is mentioned in several ethnohistorical sources dating from the colonial period, and each of them gives different lists of the different tribal groups who participated in the migration from Aztlan to central Mexico.
98. ↑ The K'iche' kingdom of Q'umarkaj was a state in the highlands of modern-day Guatemala which was founded by the K'iche' (Quiché) Maya in the thirteenth century, and which expanded through the fifteenth century until it was conquered by Spanish and Nahua forces led by Pedro de Alvarado in 1524.
99. ↑ Mokaya were pre-Olmec cultures of the Soconusco region in Mexico and parts of the Pacific coast of western Guatemala, an archaeological culture that developed a number of Mesoamerica’s earliest-known sedentary settlements.
100. ↑ **Tollan**, **Tolan**, or Tolán is a name used for the capital cities of two empires of Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica; first for Teotihuacan, and later for the Toltec capital, Tula, both in Mexico. The name has also been applied to the Postclassic Mexican settlement Cholula.
101. ↑ The Inca Empire (Quechua: *Tawantinsuyu*, lit. *The Four Regions*), also known as the **Incan Empire** and the **Inka Empire**, was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America, and possibly the largest empire in the world in the early 16th century. Its political and administrative structure "was the most sophisticated found among native peoples" in the Americas. The administrative, political and military center of the empire was located in Cusco in modern-day Peru. The Inca civilization arose from the highlands of Peru sometime in the early 13th century.
102. ↑ The continent of Waṣûm — think Asia — east of Eurus has the following nations: in the Batu subcontinent Dilmun, \*\*\*\*, Subir subcontinent Andronovo, Barga, Khaka, Scyth, Selkup, and ***[(other countries for continent of Waṣûm)]***, Ramtha subcontinent with Nadu, Naacal, and Rutas nations, and the following countries on unnamed subcontinents Achaemenid, Cimmeria, Kannauj, Khamag, Magadha, Naiman, Osmanlı, Pandyas, Qin, Scythia, Tatar, Weishuwu, Yashima, Zhongshan, and possibly others.
103. ↑ Batu — think Middle East — is a subcontinent of the Waṣûm continent with the following nations: Achaemenid, Dilmun, Osmanlı, and ***[(other countries for subcontinent of Batu)]***
104. ↑ The Achaemenid Empire (/əˈkiːmənɪd/; c. 550–330 BC), also called the First Persian Empire, was an empire based in Western Asia, founded by Cyrus the Great.
105. ↑ Dilmun (Sumerian: 𒉌𒌇𒆠, ni.tukki = DILMUNki) of the subcontinent Batu (Sumerian: 𐎲𐎬 batu *west*) part of the Waṣûm continent. Dilmun is a strong trading center.
106. ↑ Osmanlı is roughly similar to the Ottoman Empire.
107. ↑ Bhārata is a subcontinent, approximately the size of India, hosting the nations of Kuṣāṇa Sāmrājya, Magadha, Palas, and Pandyas.
108. ↑ Palas is an India country, not sure of the time period.
109. ↑ The Kuṣāṇa Sāmrājya, or simply **Kuṣāṇa** (Sanskrit: कुषाण साम्राज्य Kuṣāṇa Samrajya) was a syncretic empire, formed by the Yuezhi, in the Bactrian territories in the early 1st century. It spread to encompass much of Afghanistan, present-day Pakistan and then the northern parts of India at least as far as Saketa and Sarnath near Varanasi (Benares), where inscriptions have been found dating to the era of the Kushan Emperor Kanishka the Great. Kanishka was a great patron of Buddhism; however, as Kushans expanded southward toward the Indian subcontinent the deities of their later coinage came to reflect its new Hindu majority.
110. ↑ Magadha was an ancient Indian kingdom in southern Bihar, and was counted as one of the sixteen Mahajanapadas (Sanskrit: "Great Countries") of ancient India. Magadha played an important role in the development of Jainism and Buddhism, and two of India's greatest empires, the Maurya Empire and Gupta Empire, originated in Magadha.
111. ↑ The Pandyas dynasty was an ancient Tamil dynasty, one of the three Tamil dynasties, the other two being the Chola and the Chera. The kings of the three dynasties were referred to as the Three Crowned Kings of Tamilakam.
112. ↑ Prakṛti (Sanskrit: प्रकृति, romanized prakriti) is also a key concept in Hinduism, formulated by its Sāṅkhya school, where it does not refer to matter or nature, but "includes all the cognitive, moral, psychological, emotional, sensorial and physical aspects of reality" stressing "Prakṛti's cognitive, mental, psychological and sensorial activities" is a kingdom in southern Waṣûm that follows Hinduism; the founding region of the first writings of the Hindu faith, the Vedas, over eleven millennia ago.
113. ↑ Ramtha subcontinent of Waṣûm having Nadu, Naacal, and Rutas nations.
114. ↑ ***[lost source on the nation of Nadu]***
115. ↑ Naacal is the name of an ancient people and civilization first claimed to have existed by Augustus Le Plongeon and later by James Churchward. Though there is no scientific or archaeological evidence for the existence of the Naacals, various later fictional works have made use of them.
116. ↑ Rutas, during Louis Jacolliot time in India he collected Sanskrit myths, which he popularized later starting in his *Histoire des Vierges*. *Les Peuples et les continents disparus* (1874). Among other things, he claimed that Hindu-writings (or unspecified "Sanskrit tablets") would tell the story of a sunken land called Rutas in the Indian Ocean.
117. ↑ Subir — think Siberia — is a subcontinent of the Waṣûm continent with the nations Andronovo, Barga, Khaka, Scyth, Selkup, and ***[(other countries for subcontinent of Subir)]***
118. ↑ The Andronovo culture is a collection of similar local Bronze Age cultures that flourished c. 2000–900 BC in western Siberia and the central Eurasian Steppe. Some researchers have preferred to term it an archaeological complex or archaeological horizon. The older Sintashta culture (2100–1800 BC), formerly included within the Andronovo culture, is now considered separately, but regarded as its predecessor, and accepted as part of the wider Andronovo horizon.
119. ↑ The Barga (Mongol: Барга; simplified Chinese: 巴尔虎部; traditional Chinese: 巴爾虎部; pinyin: Bā'ěrhǔ Bù) are a subgroup of the Mongol people which gave its name to the Baikal region – "Bargujin-Tukum" (Bargujin Tökhöm) – “the land’s end”, according to the 13th-14th centuries Mongol people’s conception.
120. ↑ The Khakha Rajputs of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan are the clan of Muslim Rajputs who have inhabited the Kashmiri region since the 13th century after the conquer of Janjua warlord Raja Khakha of the region of Upper Jhelum Valley of Kashmir.
121. ↑ The Scythians (/ˈsɪθi.ən/ or /ˈsɪði.ən/; Greek: Σκύθης, Σκύθοι), also known as Scyth, Saka, Sakae, Sai, Iskuzai, or Askuzai, were Eurasian nomads, probably mostly using Eastern Iranian languages.
122. ↑ The Selkup (Russian: сельку́пы), until the 1930s called Ostyak-Samoyeds (остя́ко-самое́ды), are a Samoyedic ethnic group native to Northern Siberia. They live in the northern parts of Tomsk Oblast, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, and Nenets Autonomous Okrug.
123. ↑ Khamag Mongol (Mongolian: Хамаг монгол, lit. "Whole Mongol") was a major Mongolic tribal confederation (khanlig) on the Mongolian Plateau in the 12th century. It is sometimes also considered a predecessor state to the Mongol Empire.
124. ↑ The Naiman (Khalkha-Mongolian: Найман/Naiman, "eight") is the name of a tribe originating in Mongolia, nowadays one of the tribes in middle juz of Kazakh nation.
125. ↑ Qin (Chinese: 秦; Wade–Giles: Ch'in; Old Chinese: \*[dz]i[n]) was an ancient Chinese state during the Zhou dynasty. Traditionally dated to 897 B.C., it took its origin in the reconquest of western lands previously lost to the Rong; its position at the western edge of Chinese civilization permitted expansion and development that was unavailable to its rivals in the North China Plain.
126. ↑ The Tatars (Tatar: татарлар, tatarlar; Russian: татары, tatary) name "Tatar" first appears in written form on the Kul Tigin monument as 𐱃𐱃𐰺 (Ta-tar). Historically, the term "Tatars" were applied to a variety of Turco-Mongol semi-nomadic empires who controlled the vast region known as Tartary.
127. ↑ Wei Xiaokuan (韋孝寬) (509–580), formal personal name Wei Shuyu (韋叔裕) (but went by the courtesy name of Xiaokuan), known by the Xianbei name Yuwen Xiaokuan (宇文孝寬) during late Western Wei and Northern Zhou, formally Duke Xiang of Xun (勛襄公), was a general of the Chinese/Xianbei states Western Wei and Northern Zhou.
128. ↑ Yashima is southwest of the far east composed of eight large islands which are the translation Yashima (八島).
129. ↑ Zhongshan (Chinese: 中山; pinyin: Zhōngshān) was a small state that existed during the Warring States period, which managed to survive for almost 120 years despite its small size. Its origins and ethnic identity are a matter of contention among scholars.