recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Ian Bridges

## Battle Japan

ian bridges is a student who learns japanese and leader of the Power Rangers Globe Patrol

his hobbies are

-learning japanese

-saving the world

-defeating masquerade

## Personality

ian bridges is a teenager goes to chris walkmen high

one of his favorite classes is japanese he loves how to read, write and speak japanese

one day he found by an agent of G.P.A (the Globe Patrol Agency) and asks ian to go to their headquaters so ian agrees

when he got there he met juile, carlos, beast, stephanie and the boss of G.P.A ian is then given his powers as Battle Japan and becomes the leader of his team

ian was confused on how he got this job but then remenbered the japanese class he goes to and accepts to be leader of the team

now as the red ranger and leader of Power Rangers Globe Patrol it's up to him and his team to stop masquerade and save the earth

## Trivia

-he is still played by the same actor as the other masked riders, the power riders and the red rangers of the power rangers even though his hair is short

-he just dosen't love his japanese class he really loves his japanese class
Alexander Berry

**Alexander Berry** was an able seaman from *HMS Terror* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

Alexander Berry was born in South Ferry Fifeshire in 1813.

## Naval Career

Prior to joining the Franklin expedition, Berry served on the *HMS Nimrod*. He left this ship in March 1832.

## Marriage

On February 19th, 1839, Berry was married to Eleanor Berry. The wedding was held in South Shields.

## Franklin Expedition

On March 22nd 1845, Berry joined the Franklin expedition as an able seaman on *HMS Terror*. Like most of *Terror*'s sailors, his final fate is currently unknown.
Gillies Macbean

## Gillies Alexander Macbean

**Gillies Macbean** was the second master on *HMS Terror* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

Gillies Alexander MacBean was born on December 7th, 1816 in Cork, Ireland. He was the son of Gillies MacBean sr. He was educated at the Greenwich Hospital School.

## Naval Career

After working in the merchant navy for a while, Macbean signed up for the Royal Navy on March 17th, 1842.

## Franklin Expedition

In the spring of 1845, Macbean was appointed second master of *HMS Terror* during the Franklin expedition.

## Artifact Discovery

When John Rae and his search expedition reached Repulse Bay in 1854, one artifact that he brought back was a fork with Macbean's initials on it.
Cambridge Bay

Cambridge Bay is a location on Victoria Island.

## History

The first Europeans to reach Cambridge Bay were members of Thomas Simpsons' overland expedition in 1839. They named it after Prince Adolphus Frederick, Duke of Cambridge. The bay was later explored by John Rae in 1851, and Richard Collinson and the HMS Enterprise in 1852 during their respective Franklin search expeditions.

## Franklin Expedition

Though the Franklin Expedition did not go this far west, the Collinson search expedition purchased two adze heads originally from the Franklin Expedition which had been repurposed by the local Inuit in October 1852.
Daniel Arthur

**Daniel Arthur** was a quartermaster on *HMS Erebus* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

Daniel Arthur was born in Aberdeen Scotland in 1810.

## Marriage

In April 1835, Arthur was married to Ann Arthur. The wedding was held in Dundee.

## Naval Career

Prior to joing the Franklin expedition, Arthur served aboard the *HMS Vernon*, which he left in May 1844.

## Franklin Expedition

On April 5th, 1845, Arthur signed onto the Franklin expedition as a quartermaster on *HMS Erebus*. Similar to most of the sailors, his final fate is currently unknown.
Thomas Tadman

**Thomas Tadman** was an able seaman aboard *HMS Erebus* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

Thomas Tadman was born in Brompton Kent in 1817.

## Naval Career

Prior to joining the Franklin expedition, Tadman served on the *HMS Rover, which he left in October 1844.*

## Franklin Expedition

In March 1845, Tadman signed up for the Franklin expedition as an able seaman aboard *HMS Erebus*. A spoon with what could be his initials found at the boat could mean that he was possibly still alive after the ships were deserted.

## Artifact Discovery

When Francis McClintock discovered the boat place in 1859, one item they found in the boat was one of Sir John Franklin's spoons with Tadman (Or boatswain Thomas Terry)'s initials on it.

## Gallery

A spoon with Tadman or Thomas Terry's initials on it
James Brown

## James Whitelock Brown

**James Brown** was the caulker aboard *HMS Erebus* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

James W. Brown was born in Deptford Kent in 1817.

## Caulking Career

It is possible to assume that Brown was involved in the caulking trade in either the merchant navy or as a civilian in Deptford.

## Marriage

In either 1837 or 1838, Brown was married to Sophia Brown in Bromley Kent.

## Franklin Expedition

In the spring of 1845, Brown joined the Franklin expedition as the caulker aboard *HMS Erebus*. What happened to him in the Arctic is currently unknown.
Phillip Reddington

**Phillip Reddington** was the Captain of the Forecastle on *HMS Erebus* during the Franklin Expedition.

## Early Life

Phillip Reddington was born in Brompton, Kent in 1817. He was the son of Nathaniel Reddington and Mary Ann Potter. He also had two older siblings named Mary Ann and Nathaniel Jr.

## Naval Career

Prior to joining the Franklin expedition, Reddington served on the *HMS Buffalo.* He left this ship in October 1840.

## Marriage

In December 1844, Reddington was married to a woman named Elizabeth. The wedding was held in Chatham.

## Franklin Expedition

In the spring of 1845, Reddington signed onto the Franklin Expedition as *HMS Erebus*'s Captain of the Foretop. His final fate is currently unknown.
HMS Erebus

**HMS Erebus** was a Royal Navy exploration ship and the flagship of the Franklin expedition.

## Career

In 1839, the *Erebus* and *Terror* were selected to be used on James Clark Ross's voyage to Antarctica. The two ships performed several voyages to Antarctica before going back to England in 1843.

## Franklin Expedition

In the spring of 1845, the *Erebus* and *Terror* were selected for use in the Franklin expedition, with the *Erebus* being made flagship. The two ships were modified to include a propeller and a steam engine from the London and Greenwich Railway. The two ships left Greenhithe in May 1845, and were last seen by whalers off the coast of Baffin Bay in august of that year. In the late fall or early winter of 1845, *Erebus* and *Terror* circumnavigated Cornwallis Island before anchoring at Beechey Island. The two ships left sometime in the spring of 1846. On September 12th, 1846, the *Erebus* and *Terror* became stuck in the ice of King William Island. On April 22nd, 1848, the decision was made to desert the ships and march south, however Inuit reported seeing the two ships steaming along the coast of King William Island in the spring or summer of that year. In the early 1850's a small group of Inuit boarded the now abandoned *Erebus* in Wilmot and Crampton Bay. They discovered that everything had been left intact and also discovered a decomposing body aboard the ship. The *Erebus* soon sank when the ice melted.

## Discovery Of The Wreck

On September 2nd, 2014, the wreck of one of Franklin ships was discovered in Wilmot and Crampton Bay. In October of that year, it was confirmed to be the wreck of the *Erebus*. Almost immediately, divers began work on recovering artifacts from the *Erebus* such as the bell, wheel, a cannon and many others.

## Status of the Wreck

In September 2018, Parks Canada announced that Erebus' condition had deteriorated significantly, with a 14-meter section of the upper deck detaching from the ship, flipping over, and moving towards the stern. Parks Canada attributed the deterioration to "an upwards buoyant force acting on the decking combined with storm swell in relatively shallow water".

## Interesting Facts

* The daguerreotype portrait of Lt. Henry Le Vesconte on the ship is also the only known photograph of the *Erebus*.

## Gallery

A portrait of Lt. Le Vesconte on the Erebus. (This is currently the only known photograph of either of Franklin's ships)The great cabin on *Erebus*James Fitzjames' cabin on the *Erebus*An officer's cabin inside the wreckA map of the Erebus' wreck siteA replica of the Erebus built for AMC's The Terror, now on display at the Cinemaqua theme park in Kisvárda HungaryA kayak made from salvaged wood from the Erebus. It was brought back by Charles Francis Hall and is now at the SmithsonianParks Canada diver Joe Boucher examining Erebus' propeller, 2023
66th Parallel Note

The 66th parallel note is one of three admiralty notes from the Franklin expedition.

## History

When the HMS Erebus reached the 66th Parallel on June 30th 1845, Sir John Franklin (who was under orders from the admiralty to leave notes at various points in their journey) signed and placed a note in a tube which was then placed in a barrel and tossed overboard.

Four years later on July 14, 1849, the note was rediscovered by one of the Franklin search expeditions. It was the first note from the Franklin expedition discovered.

## Transcript

H.M.S. Erebus 30th of June 1845 Lat. 66° 0' 0" Long. 54° -20' In company with HMS Terror and transport Barreto Junior-coast of Greenland 95 miles-all well John Franklin ~~Commander~~ Captain a Danish brig in company
Cape Victoria

Cape Victoria is a location on the western side of the Boothia Peninsula in Nunavut.

## History

Cape Victoria was discovered in 1859 by Francis McClintock and his Franklin search expedition. It was named after Queen Victoria.

## Franklin Expedition

Though the Franklin expedition is not known to have gone to this location, the McClintock search expedition encountered the Inuit who were living there and purchased a number of Franklin artifacts from them.

## What Was Found There

* Knives and tools made of salvaged wood and metal
* Bows and arrows made of salvaged material
* Gilt buttons
* A teaspoon and a table fork belonging to Alexander McDonald
* A table fork belonging to Sir John Franklin
* A teaspoon belonging to James Fairholme
John Bates

**John Bates** was an able seaman on *HMS Terror* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

John Bates was born in London in 1821. He was the son of Ann Bates.

## Naval Career

Prior to joining the Franklin expedition, Bates served aboard the *HMS President*. He was discharged from this ship on May 6th, 1842.

## Franklin Expedition

On April 8th 1845, Bates joined the Franklin expedition as an able seaman on *HMS Terror*. Like a large number of the Franklin sailors, his final fate is currently unknown.
Thomas Honey

**Thomas Honey** was the carpenter aboard *HMS Terror* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

Thomas Honey was born in Plymouth in 1811. It is possible he was related to blacksmith Samuel Honey.

## Marriage

In 1840, Honey was married to Margaret Honey in Plymouth.

## Ross' Antarctic Voyage

In late 1841, Honey joined Sir James Ross' expedition to Antarctic and served on the *HMS Terror*.

## Naval Career

In July 1844, Honey worked on the *HMS Ocean*.

## Franklin Expedition

On March 6, 1845, Honey left the *Ocean* and signed onto the Franklin expedition as the carpenter aboard *HMS Terror*. What happened to him is currently unknown.
Todd Island

Todd Island is an island off the south eastern coast of King William Island.

## Franklin Expedition

As the Franklin expedition retreated east in the early 1850s, the main party gradually broke off into smaller parties which went to different locations and eventually perished

In May 1869, Charles Francis Hall traveled to a place called Keeuna (Todd Island) after the Inuit told him about discovering unburied bodies of five sailors from the Franklin expedition. When Hall arrived, he found a fox gnawed human femur, and the Inuit showed him the place where they found the bodies, which was on the southeastern end of the island and within 120 feet of the shore. They told Hall that when they first found the bodies, they were intact, clothed and lying on ground, and one of the items found near the bodies was an unopened meat tin.

In 1931, Paddy Gibson discovered a human skull in a "low spit which ran out from the island to the westward". When Gibson cleared away the sand, he found an almost complete skeleton in natural position. The good condition of the teeth suggested that Gibson had found the remains of a young man. Gibson also discovered a femur, several ribs and vertebrae of a second man, as well as well preserved naval uniform fragments. Gibson gathered up all the remains he had found, and reburied them under a small cairn close to their original position.

In 1982, skeletal remains presumed to be two sailors from the Franklin expedition on the east end of a spit on the south western side of the island near disturbed cairn, and these are presumed to be the same remains Gibson found. 100 meters to the east, a second scatter of bones was located. Between 2008 and 2016, eight human bones and one human tooth were found on the south western side of Todd Island and collected for analysis.

## References

* Stenton, D. (2018). Finding the dead: Bodies, bones and burials from the 1845 Franklin northwest passage Expedition. Polar Record, 54(3), 197-212. doi:10.1017/S0032247418000359
Grant Point

Grant Point is a location on the western side of the Adelaide Peninsula.

## History

Grant Point was first disocvered by Europeans in 1839 by Thomas Simpsons expedition. It was possibly named after Cuthbert Grant, a Native American leader.

## Franklin Expedition

Between 1869 and 1879, explorers Charles Francis Hall and Frederick Schwatka were given artifacts by the Inuit which came from a ship that sank somewhere near Grant point (Now confirmed to be the *HMS Erebus*)

## What Was Found There

* Wooden block fragments
* Eyebolt shackles
* Compass magnetic corrector
* Iron yard hoop
* Belaying pin
* Wooden 12 pounder gun tompion
* Tools and implements made from materials taken off the *Erebus*
* Upper part of the mast of a ships boat
Alexander Paterson

**Alexander Paterson** was the corporal of the Royal Marine detachment on *HMS Erebus* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

Alexander Paterson was born in Inverness Scotland in 1815.

## Marine Service

On June 7th 1834, Paterson enlisted in the Royal Marines as a private. By 1845, he had been promoted to corporal.

## Franklin Expedition

In the spring of 1845, Paterson joined the Franklin expedition as corporal of the detachment or Royal Marines on *HMS Erebus.* His final fate is currently unknown.
Peel Inlet

Peel Inlet is a location on the eastern side of King William Island.

## History

Peel Inlet was discovered by Sir John Ross' expedition in the early 1830s. It was named after home secretary and future prime minister Sir Robert Peel.

## Franklin Expedition

During one of their search expeditions, L.A. Learmonth and D.G. Sturrock discovered an old cairn at the end of the Inlet. Since the cairn wasn't of Inuit design, and considering that James Ross didn't go that far south during his Arctic expedition, and that McClintock hadn't entered the inlet, they concluded that the cairn must have been built by the Franklin expedition.

## References

* Woodman, David C. Unravelling the Franklin Mystery: Inuit Testimony. McGill-Queen's Univ. Press, 2015.
James Thompson

**James Thompson** was the engineer of *HMS Terror* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

James Thompson was born in Leeds Yorkshire in 1810. He was the son of William and Sophia Thompson.

## Franklin Expedition

In the spring of 1845, Thompson joined the Franklin expedition as *HMS Terror*'s engineer. A fork found at starvation cove suggests that he was alive after the ships were deserted.

## Artifact Discovery

In 1854, John Rae and his search expedition encountered the Inuit at Repulse Bay. One item they were given was a table fork with Thompson's initials on it.
William Braine

**William Braine** was a Royal Marine private aboard *HMS Erebus* during the Franklin Expedition.

## Early Life

William Braine was born in March 1814 in Oakhill, Somerset to Shadrach Braine, a quarry worker, and his wife Honor (née King). He was baptized in the parish of Ashwick on May 28th, 1815. His mother died in August of 1823, when William was eight years old. Two years later, his father married a spinster named Elizabeth Bun. William was one of seven children, including six brothers and one sister, being the third eldest. His eldest brother Thomas, died 2 months after birth.

## Later Life

Braine joined the Royal Marines in December of 1833, signing on as a private. In the recruiting book, he was described as being 5'10" with a "slim" stature and grey eyes, he was either mistaken or he lied that he gave his age as 20. Rather than signing his name, Braine signed with an 'X', suggesting he may have been illiterate. He was then relocated to the Stonehouse Barracks in Plymouth.

He finished his infantry training in July of 1834 and joined the 8th Company of the Woolwich Division, housed at the Woolwich Arsenal.

He married Eliza Wood on October 31st, 1841, in Woolwich. There were no records of children from their marriage.

## Franklin Expedition

In the spring of 1845, Braine signed up for the Franklin expedition in the *HMS Erebus*'s Royal Marine detachment, serving under Sgt. David Bryant.

On April 3rd, 1846; Private William Braine died on Beechey Island and is buried with John Torrington and John Hartnell. Investigation of Braine's remains in 1986 revealed that Braine was severely emaciated at his time of death, with an advanced case of tuberculosis which had resulted in angular kyphosis, or a sharp twisting of his spine. He was buried in three shirts, as well as a shroud and a red patterned handkerchief that was placed over his face.

## References

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1UzYnbjkpc1JYur2h7RZyQQeF5vI6fVPi/view?usp=drivesdk

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1tXTobQB8c2gEncioFLVRZnBcjuzad-0d/edit?usp=drivesdk&ouid=110228976439456518854&rtpof=true&sd=true
Cape Felix

The Franklin campsite at Cape Felix

**Cape Felix** is a location on the northern tip of King William Island.

## History

Cape Felix was first discovered in 1830 by British explorer Sir James Clark Ross. Sir John Ross named the area after a sponsor of the expedition, Sir Felix Booth.

## Franklin Expedition

In the summer of 1847, the men of the Franklin expedition created a summer camp at Cape Felix. The camp was used for magnetic observations and had six officers and six men stationed there. In late December 1847, or early January 1848, the officers and men left the camp in a hurry and headed back to the ships.

## Rediscovery

On May 25th, 1859, the McClintock search expedition rediscovered the abandoned the summer camp and recovered a number of artifacts. Twenty years later, the Schwatka search expedition relocated the campsite and recovered some more artifacts. Subsequent search expeditions have found a number of other artifacts at the campsite.

## What Was Found There

* Three wire cartridges.
* A Royal Marine shako plate.
* Fragments of a hand-sewn Union Jack.
* Seven brimstone matches.
* A red white and blue wool glove.
* Half of a pair of snow goggles.
* A portable stove.
* Fragment of a seaman's bag.
* Pork rib bones.
* Clay pipe fragments.
* Two sextant eyepieces.
* Part of a marine water keg.
* Boarding pike heads.
* Unknown iron fittings.
* Broken tea cup fragments.
* Mineral water bottle.
* Brass screw.
* Plain brass button.
* Powder case lid.
* Eleven musket balls.
* Three pairs of scissors.
* Fragment of blue earthenware.
* Edwards Preserved Potatoes tin lids.
Edward Genge

**Edward Genge** was the Paymaster and Purser's Steward aboard *HMS Terror* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

Edward Genge was born in Gosport, Hampshire in 1824. He was the brother of Maria Genge.

## Naval Career

In the early 1840's, Genge signed up for the Royal Navy and became a Boy 1st class on the *HMS Cambridge*. After becoming an Able Seaman, Genge was discharged "Per request and order" on January 20th 1843.

## Franklin Expedition

On May 6th 1845, Genge rejoined the navy and signed on to the Franklin Expedition as the Paymaster and Purser's Steward on *HMS Terror*. His final fate is currently unknown.
Edwin Helpman

## Edwin James Howard Helpman

**Edwin Helpman** was the Clerk in Charge aboard HMS Terror during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

Edwin James Helpman was born in Plymouth on November 5th, 1822. He was the son of Phillip and Eleanor Helpman.

## Naval Career

Before he came to the Terror, Helpman served as the clerk aboard *HMS Herald*.

## Franklin Expedition

In the spring of 1845, Helpman joined the Franklin expedition as the Clerk in Charge on *HMS Terror*. His ultimate fate is currently unknown.
William Heather

**William Heather** was a private in *HMS Terror*'s Royal Marine detachment during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

William Heather was born in Battersea, London in 1810.

## Marine Service

On February 24th 1830, Heather enlisted in the Royal Marines as a private.

## Franklin Expedition

In the spring of 1845, Heather joined the Franklin expedition as part of *HMS Terror*'s detachment of Royal Marines. An artifact found at Victory Point suggests he was still alive after the ships were deserted.

## Artifact Discovery

When Francis McClintock and his expedition discovered relics from the expedition at Victory Point in 1859, one artifact found there was a tin canteen that belonged to Heather.
Crown Prince Frederik Island

Crown Prince Frederik Island is an island in Nunavut.

## History

The island was first sighted by Charles Francis Hall in the 1860s during his Franklin search expedition. In April 1922, Knud Rasmussen and Peter Freuchen rediscovered the island and Rasmussen named it after Crown Prince Frederik (Later King Frederik IX) of Denmark.

## Franklin Expedition

According to an obscure Inuit story, some sailors from the Franklin expedition established a camp on the island, and had buried books and journals in a cairn there. However, the Inuit noted that the sailors died from starvation and a lack of game.
Magnus Manson

**Magnus Manson** was an able seaman on *HMS Terror* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

Magnus Manson was born in Shetland, Scotland in 1817.

## Franklin Expedition

On April 28th 1845, Manson signed on to the Franklin expedition as an able seaman on *HMS Terror*. A knife found at Cape Norton suggests that Manson was still alive after the ships were deserted.

## Artifact Discovery

When Francis McClintock and his expedition reached Cape Norton on Mary 7th, 1859, one artifact they purchased from the Inuit there was a knife that was engraved with letters resembling Manson's initials.

## Gallery

A knife that was possibly owned by Manson.
William Smith

William Smith was the blacksmith of *HMS Erebus* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

William Smith was born in Tibenham Norfolk in 1817.

## Marriage

In 1843, Smith was married to Rebecca Ann Smith. The wedding was held in Stepney.

## Naval Career

Prior to joining the Franklin expedition, Smith served aboard the *HMS Belvedera*, a ship which he left in early March 1845.

## Franklin Expedition

On March 27, 1845, Smith signed onto the Franklin expedition as *HMS Erebus*'s blacksmith. An artifact found at Victory Point could suggest that Smith was still alive after the ships were deserted.

## Artifact Discovery

When Francis McClintock and his expedition reached in 1859, one item they found there was the fragment of a sock marked "W. S.". This sock could possibly have belonged to Smith, although since there were three other people with those initials (Able Seamen William Strong, William Sinclair and William Shanks) it is hard to determine the exact identity of it's owner. The only artifact that has some certainty of being used by Smith, is an anvil block found on Beechey Island.

## Gallery

An anvil block found on Beechey island that was definitely used by Smith and Samuel Honey.
Robert Sargent

## Robert Orme Sargent

Robert Sargent in 1845

**Robert Sargent** was a mate on *HMS Erebus* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

Robert Orme Sargent was born in 1821. He was the son of William Sargent and Sophia Arnold. Robert had five brothers and one sister.

## Navy Career

Sargent passed his naval examination on 28th of July 1843.

## Franklin Expedition

On the 5th April 1845, Sargent signed up for the Franklin expedition as a mate on the *HMS Erebus*.

## Artifact Discoveries

When John Rae launched his expedition in search of Franklin expedition artifacts, one item he purchased from the Repulse Bay Inuit was a table fork that belonged to Sargent. Five years later, a second table fork, and a table spoon were among the items recovered from "The boat place".

## Personality

In his letters, Fitzjames described Sargent as "A nice pleasant looking lad, very good natured".

## Gallery

A fork recovered from Repulse Bay that belonged to Sargent
John Murray

**John Murray** was the sailmaker aboard *HMS Erebus* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

John Murray was born In Glasgow Scotland sometime around 1802. At some point in his life, he became a sailmaker. Up until January 23, 1845, Murray had been working as a sailmaker aboard the 4th rate ship of the line *HMS Isis*.

## Franklin Expedition

In March 1845, Murray signed up for the Franklin expedition, retaining his previous position as sailmaker aboard *HMS Erebus*. After the sailmaker aboard the *Terror* was sent back from Greenland, Murray became the only sailmaker on the expedition.

## Possible Artifact Discovery

When Francis McClintock and his search expedition discovered the boat place in 1859, one item they found was a sailmaker's palm which presumably belonged to Murray.

## Gallery

A sailmaker's palm that Murray presumably used
Henry Lloyd

Henry Lloyd was an able seaman on *HMS Erebus* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

Unlike most of the Franklin crew members who came from Great Britain, Scotland or Ireland, Henry Lloyd was born in Kristiansand Norway. He was born around 1819.

## Franklin Expedition

In the spring of 1845, Lloyd joined the Franklin expedition as an able seaman on *HMS Erebus*. Similar to a majority of the Franklin sailors, his final fate is currently unknown.
John Gregory

A facial reconstruction of Gregory

**John Gregory** was the engineer of *HMS Erebus* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

John Gregory was born on September 22 1806 in Salford. He was the son of William and Frances Gregory.

## Marriage and Family

In 1822, Gregory was married to Hannah Wilson. The wedding was held at Saint Michael's Parish Church in Ashton-Under-Lyne, Lancashire. The couple would go on to have seven surviving children, most referred to by name in Gregory's final letter to his wife.

## Franklin Expedition

In the spring of 1845, Gregory joined the Franklin expedition as *HMS Erebus*'s engineer. Prior to this, Gregory had not been employed with the Royal Navy, but rather had been an engineer at the firm that manufactured the steam engines employed by the Expedition.

## Body Recovered

In 1993, three skeletons were found in Erebus bay in a location close to McClintock's Boat Place. Four years later, the skulls as well as a femur were placed in a metal box to protect them from the elements and they were placed under a cairn. For the next 16 years, no one disturbed them until 2013, when Douglas Stenton and his team brought them and some other bones back for analysis. Two years later, the skulls (Called Cranium #35, and Cranium #80) were given facial reconstructions to establish what the men may have looked like when they were alive.

In 2021, DNA analysis on Cranium #80 from King William Island and a descendant from South Africa led to the bones being identified as Engineer Gregory.

## References

* Stenton, D., Fratpietro, S., Keenleyside, A., & Park, R. (2021). DNA identification of a sailor from the 1845 Franklin northwest passage expedition. *Polar Record,* *57*, E14. doi:10.1017/S0032247421000061
John Wilson

**John Wilson** was the captain's coxswain of *HMS Terror* during the Franklin expedition.

## Marriage

On September 1st, 1837, Wilson was married to Jane Wilson. The wedding was held in Portsmouth.

## Franklin Expedition

On March 30th 1845, Wilson signed onto the Franklin expedition as the captain's coxswain of *HMS Terror*. Like most of the Franklin sailors, his final fate is currently unknown.
Robert Sinclair

**Robert Sinclair** was the Captain of the Foretop aboard *HMS Erebus* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

Robert Sinclair was born in Kirkwall Scotland in 1820. He was the son of Grace Sinclair.

## Naval Service

When he was 10 years old, Sinclair joined the Royal Navy. In 1839, Sinclair served on the *HMS Orestes*. Two years later, he left the *Orestes* and served for four years on the *HMS Belvidera*.

## Description

He was 5 feet 5 inches tall with a fresh complexion, black eyes, and black hair.

## Franklin Expedition

In the spring of 1845, Sinclair left the *Belvidera* and joined the Franklin expedition as the Captain of the Foretop aboard *HMS Erebus*. What happened to him in the Arctic is currently unknown.
Franklin Expedition Wiki

## Welcome to the Wiki

Welcome to the Franklin Expedition wiki. We’re a collaborative community website about the Franklin Expedition, the men, the ships, the discoveries that have been made and much more. Click the edit button at the top of any page to get started!

## History and Background

In 1845, Sir John Franklin left England with two ships and 128 men on a voyage that would never return. In the following years however, clues of what happened to the men began to emerge from the rocky shores of King William Island. Eventually both of the ships, HMS *Erebus* and HMS *Terror*, were discovered much farther south from where they were previously thought to be. This wiki is intended to be a resource for all of those who are interested in the Franklin Expedition and wish to know more.

## Latest activity

Photos and videos are a great way to add visuals to your wiki. Add one below!

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Thomas Work

**Thomas Work** was an able seaman aboard *HMS Erebus* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

Thomas Work was born in Kirkwall Scotland on August 23rd 1802. He was the son of William Work and Marion Hutchinson.

## Marriage

On January 28th 1828, Work married Catherine Wishart. The wedding was held in Kirkwall

## Franklin Expedition

In the spring of 1845, Work joined the Royal Navy and signed up for the Franklin expedition as an able seaman aboard *HMS Erebus*. According to Fitzjames' Journal entry for June 27th, 1845, a skipper who had sailed with Work in the past came aboard the Erebus to see him. His final fate is currently unknown.
William Goddard

**William Goddard** was the Captain of the Hold on *HMS Terror* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

William Goddard was born in Great Yarmouth in 1816.

## Naval Career

Prior to joining the Franklin expedition, Goddard served on the *HMY Royal George*. He left this ship at the start of June 1843.

## Franklin Expedition

On March 20th 1845, Goddard joined the Franklin expedition as *HMS Terror*'s Captain of the Hold. An artifact found at Cape Norton suggests that Goddard was still alive after the ships were deserted.

## Artifact Discovery

When Francis McClintock and his search reached Cape Norton on May 7th, 1859, one artifact that they purchased from the Inuit there was one of Sir John Franklin's spoons with the initials "W. G." on it. The initials could either belong to Goddard or *Terror*' Subordinate Officers Steward William Gibson.
Washington Bay Encounter

A scene from AMC's The Terror

The Washington Bay Encounter is one of the more well known events in Franklin Expedition history.

## Background

In the late 19th century and the start of the 20th, one story that was told by the Inuit to the Franklin searchers was of an Inuit encounter with a large group of sailors retreating east. Despite there being some inconsistencies (such as the number of men), the general story remains consistent.

The story goes that five Inuit hunters and their families (Mangaq and his wife Qerneq, Tetqataq and his wife Ukaliaq, Qablut and his wife Iliuana,  Ukuararssuk and his wife Putulik and Panatoq and his wife Equvautsoq) were out on a hunting expedition in Washington Bay in the morning on a sunny spring day. As they prepared to leave, they saw something white in the distance. At first the hunters thought that it was a polar bear and waited for it to get closer. But as it drew closer, they realized that it wasn't a bear, but the sail of a boat and there were people walking alongside the boat. Three men came over and approached Tetqataq and Ukuararssuk who had gone to investigate. They introduced themselves as Aglooka (Presumably Captain Crozier), Doktook (Presumably Dr. McDonald) and Toolooah (Identity unknown). Aglooka presented a knife to the hunters and made a "peculiar kind of circling motion with the oo-loo". He then put his hand to his mouth and lowered it to his neck and chest, indicating that he was hungry. Aglooka then pointed south and east and said "Iwillik", he also explained that they had come from a larger party which "had once been many; now they were only few", and that they had come from two ships north of there and had left them.

The sailors stayed close to the Inuit group for a couple of days during which time, the Inuits got a good look at the Franklin men (44 in total) who were described as "very thin, hollow-cheeked, and looked ill", and "very thin, and their mouths were dry and hard and black". The Inuit also got a good look at their sledges, one which carried the boat they had seen, and another carried the provisions. A tent was erected close to the Inuit camp with some sailors sleeping in the tent, and others sleeping in the boat. As well as trading a knife to the Inuit in exchange for seal meat and blubber, the sailors were observed to be killing wildfowl with their shotguns. On one of the days the groups stayed together, Aglooka came over and visited the Inuit tent. He apparently tried talking to them, but he didn't say much. Illiuana stated that while he was there, Aglooka was seen with a journal and writing things in it before he eventually went back to his men. Not long after that, the two groups parted ways and the sailors were never seen alive again.

## References

* http://www.ric.edu/faculty/rpotter/inuittest.html
George Thompson

**George Thompson** was an able seaman aboard *HMS Erebus* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

George Thompson was born in 1818 in Staines Berkshire. He had a brother named William.

## Sailing Career

At some point in his life, Thompson served on a merchant ship called the *Bruce*.

## Naval Career

Before coming to the *Erebus*, Thompson served on the *HMS Poictiers* and two other ships, one of which was the *HMS Vesuvius*, which he left on November 15th, 1844.

## Description

He was 5 feet 7 1/2 inches tall, of a dark complexion, with grey eyes and brown hair. He was also impressively tattooed, with ‘A rose & thistle on [his] right arm[,] a Ship, sailor & England forever on [his] left Arm.’

## Franklin Expedition

In the spring of 1845, Thompson joined the Franklin expedition as an able seaman aboard *HMS Erebus*. His final fate is currently unknown.
Devon Island

The surface of Devon Island

Devon Island is an island in the Canadian Arctic. One notable feature about the island is the similarities to the surface of the planet Mars.

## History

The island was first sighted by Robert Bylot and William Baffin in 1616. Sir William Parry explored the southern coast of the island in 1819 and 1820 and gave the area the name North Devon Island, after the county of Devon England.

## Franklin Expedition

While the crews of *Erebus* and *Terror* mostly stayed at Beechey Island during their first winter in the Arctic, they did go out and explore the southern coast of the island by sledge when the opportunity presented itself.

## Locations

* Cape Riley
* Radstock Bay
William Fowler

**William Fowler** was the paymaster and purser's steward aboard *HMS Erebus* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

William Fowler was born in Bristol around 1819. He was the son of Samuel Fowler.

## Naval Career

Fowler worked as the paymaster and pursers steward on the HMS Ocean. He left this ship on October 10, 1844.

## Franklin Expedition

In the spring of 1845, Fowler signed up for the Franklin expedition as the paymaster and purser's steward aboard *HMS Erebus*. Due to the fact that the case to his seaman's certificate was found at Starvation Cove, suggests that he was still alive after the ships were abandoned.

## Artifact Discovery

In 1854, when John Rae's search expedition reached Repulse Bay, one item that was purchased from the Inuit there was Fowler's seaman's certificate case.
Ross Cairn

The cairn being opened in 1859

The Ross Cairn is a location on the north western side of King William Island.

## History

The cairn was erected in 1830, by James Clark Ross and Charles Abernethy of John Ross' 1829-1832 Victory expedition.

## Franklin Expedition

On May 28th, 1847, a party of six men led by Lt. Graham Gore and Mate Charles Des Voeux located the cairn. The party left a note, and then continued south. Lt. John Irving collected the note, which has become known as the Victory Point Record, and brought it back to the expedition's campsite, possibly in April 1848. Crozier and Fitzjames made a large camp on the coast at J C Ross's latitude for Victory Point. Unfortunately Ross' latitude was out by several kilometres so Fitzjames and Crozier, who thought they were at Victory Pt, were mystified when they did not find Ross's cairn. They built their own cairn there, as what has become known as Crozier's Landing.

## Rediscovery

In May 1859, while searching for clues to the fate of the Franklin Expedition, Lt. William Hobson of McClintock's Fox Expedition discovered the cairn at Crozier's Landing. They opened it and found a document inside, but did not rebuild it. The 1879 search expedition led by Frederick Schwatka also located the cairn.

## What Was Found There

* The Victory Point Record in a metal tube (1848?)
* An empty tin tea canister (1859)
* A broken axe (1859)

## The Cairn Today

A scattering of some quite large rocks and smaller stones at Victory Point.
Joseph Andrews

## Joesph Andrews

**Joseph Andrews** was the Captain of the Hold aboard *HMS Erebus*.

## Early Life

Joseph Andrews was born in the borough of Edmonton 1810.

## Naval Career

In 1839, Andrews started work on the *HMS Cyclops*. He left this ship in 1843.

## Franklin Expedition

In the Spring of 1845, Andrews signed onto the Franklin expedition as the Captain of the Hold of *HMS Erebus*. His final fate is unknown.
Edmund Hoar

**Edmund Hoar** was the captain's steward aboard *HMS Erebus* during the Franklin expedition.

## Naval Career

In December 1841, Hoar enlisted in the Royal Navy as a domestic aboard *HMS Cornwallis*. In November 1844, Hoar left the *Cornwallis* and was transferred to the *HMS St Vincent* as an able seaman.

## Description

He was 5 feet 9 inches tall with a fair complexion, blue eyes, and light hair, with an anchor tattooed on his right arm; he was unmarried and was noted as having contracted smallpox in his past.

## Franklin Expedition

On March 25, 1845, Hoar signed up for the Franklin expedition as the Captain's steward aboard HMS Erebus. What happened to him after the ships left England is currently unknown.

## Artifact Discoveries

When Parks Canada dived the wreck of the Erebus in 2019, they found a few artifacts that belonged to Hoar in one of the pantries. Among the many plates, servicewares, bowls, strainers in the pantry, a lead stamp that Hoar would have used to mark his clothes was recovered. Also found was the remnants of a pencil case that Hoar might have used.

In December 2022, Parks Canada recovered a leather folio from the bottom of Hoar's pantry, with pages reportedly still intact. Tucked within the folio was a feather quill. It remains to be seen whether any writing has survived.

## Gallery

A stamp that Hoar owned which was recovered the Erebus in 2019
Stephen Stanley

## Stephen Samuel Stanley

Stephen Stanley in 1845

**Stephen Stanley** was the surgeon on *HMS Erebus* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

Stanley's date of birth is currently unknown.

## Naval Career

Stanley entered the navy on June 5th, 1838. The first ship he served on was the *HMS Cornwallis*. During the Opium War, aboard the *Cornwallis*, Stanley met future commander James Fitzjames when he presumably operated on the latter to remove the bullet in his arm.

## Franklin Expedition

In the spring of 1845, Stanley signed up for the Franklin expedition as the surgeon aboard *HMS Erebus*. He was picked on the recommendation of Fitzjames, based on their shared experience in China.

On May 10th 1845, he married Mary Ann Windus, just ten days before he left England aboard the *Erebus*. Through Mary Ann he had one stepson, Samuel Leopold Stanley. Stanley did not write his wife or stepson into his will before he set off on the expedition.

## Artifact Discoveries

In 1855, the Anderson search expedition discovered Franklin relics on Montreal Island. Among the recovered artifacts were two snowshoe fragments, one marked *"Erebus"* and the other *"Mr. Stanley"*.

Four years later, a spoon with Stanley's initials was discovered among the many items in the abandoned boat in Erebus Bay by the McClintcok search expedition.

## Personality

In his letters, James Fitzjames described Stanley as *"rather inclined to be good-looking, but fat, with jet-black hair, very white hands, which are always abominably clean, and the shirt-sleeves tucked up; giving one unpleasant ideas that he would not mind cutting one's leg off - 'if not sooner'."* Nonetheless, Fitzjames said that he was *"very good-natured and obliging, and very attentive to our mess."*

Stanley's assistant surgeon, Harry Goodsir, initially liked him, calling him a *"very excellent fellow"*. His opinion of Stanley quickly soured, however, and he later described him as a *"would-be great man who, as I first supposed, would not make any effort at work after a time."* He added that Stanley *"knows nothing whatever about subject & is ignorant enough of all other subjects, showing it more than any other person I ever met with in consequence of his speaking so much."*
Henry Peglar

## Henry Peter Peglar

**Henry Peglar** was the Captain of the Foretop aboard *HMS Terror* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

Henry Peter Peglar was born in Westminster, London in 1812, to John and Sarah Peglar. He was baptized on November 29th, 1813 in the parish of St. Margaret Westminster.

## Naval Career

Sometime around 1820/1821, Peglar joined the Royal Navy. The first ship he served on was the *HMS Magnificent*. Not long after that, Peglar left the *Magnificent* and joined the crew of the *HMS Rattlesnake* when it left for the Caribbean. In 1829, Peglar worked on the *HMS Talavera*. On April 3rd, 1834, he left the *Talavera* and served on the *HMS Gannet*. During this time, Peglar presumably met James Fairholme. In February 1838, Peglar was discharged from the *Gannet* and joined the *HMS Ocean*. In December 1839, Peglar was transferred to the *HMS Wanderer*. During his travels on the *Wanderer*, Peglar Traveled to America and returned to the Caribbean in 1840, was involved in anti-slaving operations off the African coast, a journey to India, and service in the Opium war before he was discharged on June 27, 1844.

## Description

He stood 5 feet 7 1/2 inches tall, his complexion was sallow, eyes hazel, and hair brown.

## Franklin Expedition

Before joining the Franklin expedition, Peglar operated a beerhouse in Westminister. When his stock ran out in the spring of 1845, Peglar joined the Franklin expedition as the Captain of the Foretop aboard *HMS Terror*. Papers found with a skeleton near Cape Simpson suggest that Peglar was alive after the ships were deserted.

## The Peglar Papers

Peglar is well known in the history of the Franklin expedition because of the Peglar papers. On May 25th, 1859, Francis McClintock and his search expedition discovered a skeleton near Cape Simpson. Among the possessions found with the skeleton, was a wallet that contained various papers. They are called the "Peglar Papers", because among the papers found, were Peglar's seaman's certificate and a rendition of Bryan Proctor's poem "The Sea" published April 21st, 1847.
Edward Couch

**Edward Couch** was a mate on *HMS Erebus* during the Franklin expedition.

## Early Life

Edward Couch was born in Camberwell in 1823. He was the son of James and Mary Couch.

## Naval Career

When he was 14, in 1838, Couch was serving on the *HMS Excellent*, where he met James Fitzjames. In 1841, Couch served on the *HMS Queen*, but didn't see much action, but possibly met Frederick Hornby.

In 1842, Couch served in China during the First Opium War. During the battle of Zhenjiang, Couch was placed in charge of two ships boats and after landing on the beach, he and several other men were wounded and had to abandon the artillery they were carrying and hide before being rescued. Later, Couch took part in the heavy street fighting in Zhenjiang against the Chinese. After the war, Couch served on the *HMS St. Vincent*, a depot ship at Portsmouth.

## Franklin Expedition

In the spring of 1845, Couch signed up for the Franklin Expedition as a mate on the *HMS Erebus*.

## Artifact Discoveries

In March of 1859, Sir Francis McClintock was given a spoon that belonged to Couch. Two months later, when McClintock made the famous discovery of "the boat place", among the things that were found in the boat was a set of dessert silverware (fork and spoon) that belonged to Couch.

## Possible Discovery of Skeleton

In the fall of 2018, a skeleton from the Franklin expedition was located in a place in Erebus Bay called Two Grave Bay. When the face was reconstructed, he bared a resemblance to Erebus mate Edward Couch, though it isn't certain wether he is or isn't Couch.

## Personality

In his letters, Fitzjames described Couch as such:

*"A little black haired, smooth faced fellow. Good humored in his own way; writes, reads, works, draws, all quietly. Is never in the way of anybody, and always ready when wanted; but I can find no remarkable point in his character, except, perhaps, that he is obstinate."*
Two Grave Bay

Two Grave Bay is a bay on the western side of King William Island.

## Franklin Expedition

On July 17 1879, Frederick Schwatka and his search expedition discovered the skeleton of a Franklin sailor south of Le Vesconte Point. Schwatka described the find in his journal:

"Going into camp about four miles farther on Toolooah, who had arrived ahead of us, showed us a despoiled grave containing a large sailor’s belt buckle and some musket caps. A large skull of a white man was found about a quarter of a mile distant, but so effectively had the mutilated sepulchre been rifled that nothing else could be found, and had it not been for Toolooah’s sharp eyes I doubt not but that we would have passed it without notice". (p. 141)

The remains were gathered up and reburied and a monument was erected on the 18th. Surveys conducted in 1982 and 1996 were unable to locate this grave.