recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Iskras

## Allgemein

Die "Iskras" sind bis zu 20 cm lange, flugfähige Insekten die in kleinen Kolonien leben.

## Phänotyp

- Das Insekt besitzt einen rot/schwarzen Panzer und fluoresziert in einer orange/gelblichen Farbe.

- Das Hinterteil einer "Iskra" ist mit einem fluoreszierenden, hoch entzündlichen Chemikaliengemisch gefüllt den sie aus dem Öl des Iskralyptus synthetisieren.

- Der Flügelpanzer einer "Iskra" besitzt eine sehr raue, Stein ähnliche Beschichtung die dazu verwendet wird Funken zu schlagen.

- Der Körper einer "Iskra" ist fast vollständig Hitze resistent und kann auch minutenlang in Flammen stehen bevor das Insekt ernsthaften Schaden erleidet. Die Flügel jedoch können Feuer nicht stand halten und brennen ab.

- Die Flügel einer "Iskra" können innerhalb weniger Tage nachwachsen.

## Verhalten

- "Iskras" bauen ihre Nester aus dem Harz von Iskralyptusbäumen. Das Ölige Harz wird in Verbindung mit ihrer Spuke hart.

- "Iskras" sind sehr territorial und greifen fast alles an das sich zu nahe an ihr Nest nähert. Sie bespritzen dazu ihre Opfer mit ihren Brennstoff der aus dem Öl des Iskralyptus besteht und zünden dieses mit dem Funkenschlag ihres Flügelpanzers an.

- Iskras lieben Hitze und überleben ohne Probleme minutenlang im Feuer weswegen sie von Lagerfeuern angezogen werden.

- "Iskras" ernähren sich von Früchten des Iskralyptus und den Parasiten die den Baum befallen wollen.

- Einzelne "Iskras" auf Nahrungssuche greifen so gut wie nie unprovoziert an.

- "Iskras" bauen ihr Nest um Ihre Königin herum auf die bis zu 1,20m Länge erreichen kann.

- Für Insekten sind die "Iskras" sehr intelligent und haben ein schwach ausgeprägtes Sozialsystem.

## Attribute und Attacken

Diese Einheit Bewegt sich 3 Felder pro AP.

Da diese Einheit vergleichbar klein und agil ist, wird die AT probe auf sie um 3 punkte erschwert.

 Geschicklichkeit
 Wahrnehmung

 Entzünden

 Resistenz gegen Laser
Heimat

## Ursprung

Der Baum Heimat ist das einzige Heiligtum der Nomaden. Dieser Baum wurde bei den Naturkatastrophen von einigen Menschen gerettet und verkörperte die Erde auf der Odysseus. Nach der Heimkehr auf die Erde Pflanzte die Gemeinschaft der Heimat, welche später zu den Nomaden werden sollte, diesen Baum auf eine Lichtung im Süd-Westlichen Teil der zentralen Insel. Ohne es zu wissen pflanzten sie ihn genau auf eine unterirdische Höhle, die Gefüllt war mit einem Krasstall, der dem Baum ein übernatürliches Wachstum verlieh und ihm eine Art Intelligenz verlieh. Dadurch wurde der Baum zu einem so genannten Wächter. Der Baum ist nun das Heiligtum und eine sichere Zuflucht für die Nomaden. In der Höhle unter ihm könnten in Krisenzeiten die gesamte Anzahl der Nomaden Schutz suchen.

## Fest der Heimkehr

Das Fest der Heimkehr, welches jedes Jahr am längsten Tag des Jahres im Schatten des Baumes Heimat statt findet, ist die einzige Zusammenkunft der Nomaden. Um diesen Tag feiern die Nomaden drei Tage die Natur und das Leben was sie ermöglicht. Bei diesem Fest werden dem Baum Heimat viele Geschenke übergeben, um ihm stellvertretend für die Natur zu danken. Zudem werden an diesem viele Speisen zubereitet und es wird ausgelassen gefeiert. Bei diesen Festen ist es üblich das die Nomaden musizieren, tanzen, singen und viele natürliche Rausmittel zu sich nehmen.
Badu-Clan

Der Badu-Clan hat in Kasta Kal seine Heimat gefunden. Dort besitzen sie die größte Shivas Plantage der Insel und verkaufen das Rauschmittel sogar auf anderen Kontinenten. Aktuell stellen sie sogar den Desta der Stadt, wodurch die Macht des Clans weiter wachsen konnte.

## Überschrift des Abschnittes

Schreibe den ersten Abschnitt deines Artikels hier.

## Überschrift des Abschnittes

Schreibe den zweiten Abschnitt deines Artikels hier.
Warehouse

The **Warehouse** is the first scene that Kevin Wilkins has to inspect in Murder Hunt. The enemies that appear here are Booker, Lolph and ????? although it only appears attacking if the player has held their breath for too long.

## Appearance

When not using the flashlight the Warehouse appears pitch black. It consists of some hallways, an exit and a room containing Lolph.
Panorama High School

Panorama High School is a high school located in Lancaster, South Carolina. Its school colors are red and gold, and its mascot is the falcon. It is the rival school of Bear Mountain High School, and its current principal is David Wright.

## Students

### Sophomores

1. Gavin Warfield
2. Cassidy Andrews

### Juniors

1. Kylie Evans
2. Christopher Higgins
3. Michael Higgins
4. Ava Turner
5. Brett Thornton
6. Lindsay Bradbury
7. Posey Washington
8. Rilee Massie
9. Seraphina Kinsley

### Seniors

1. Rachel Thorne
2. Scott Corbain
3. Rose Blair
4. Whitney Foster
5. Walter Bertran
6. Andrew Evans
7. Claire Destler
8. Chu Oshin
9. Ursula Amherst
10. Carter Thomas
11. Kennedy Brooks
12. Jared Groves
13. Jason Hawkins
14. Tara Reeder
15. Vivi James
16. Summer Harington
17. Elaine Brewer
18. Theo Marsden
19. Tara Akamatsu
20. Preston Lewis

## Former Students

* Lucy Ball (Deceased)
* Kaleb Tisdale (Transferred to Primidone High School)
* Ami Foster (Deceased)

## Teachers/Staff

1. David Wright
2. Chris Henderson
3. Matthew Abbott
4. Arthur Goodwin
5. Penelope Cameron
6. Dakota Wilcox
7. Joseph Khadem
8. Ezra Clifford
9. Jacqueline Parker
10. Laura Winters
11. María Alvarado
12. Kyle Sparks
13. Percival Frankenstein
14. Garrison Bruhn

## Locations

* Panorama Courtyard
* Panorama Hallways
* Math Class
* Science Class
* History Class
* English Class
* French Class
* Spanish Class
* Korean Class
* Japanese Class
* Latin Class
* German Class
* Chemistry Class
* Chorus Class
* Band Class
* Orchestra Class
* Music Class
* Panorama Cafeteria
* Panorama Auditorium
* Panorama Gym
* Library
* Football Field
* Detention
Locker 109

This is Locker 109. It belongs to Scott Corbain. You can also find his schedule here.

## Gallery

Scott's English Binder.Scott's History Binder.Scott's Spanish Binder.Scott's Math Binder.Scott's Football Uniform.Scott's Notebook.Scott's Phone.Scott's Extra Sneakers.Scott's Earbuds.
## Schedule

<ac\_metadata title="Schedule Template"> </ac\_metadata>
Blitzer

Blitzer in his own teaser, brightened.

**Blitzer** isa protagonist in Murder Hunt.

## Appearance

Blitzer appears as a metallic robotic humanoid with green eyes, a rectangular head, claw-like hands and a smaller version of itself in a small little "pocket" on the lower half of its body. This "mini-Blitzer" doesn't appear in-game.

## Behavior

Nothing about Blizters gameplay is known.

## Untitled 2018 Spin-Off Game

Blitzer will be the lead character in an upcoming Spin-Off game, and will be slightly redesigned. No other information is has been released about this game.

## Trivia

* Blizter doesn't appear in the Murder Hunt trailer by ImnotVaultBoy.
* Blitzer is actually inspired by Colin the Computer, who appears in the "Don't Hug Me I'm Scared" series. This inspiration has been discovered by MudkipOfCoolness.
* Blitzer is the only character to get a spin-off game.
Scenes

The **Scenes** are the murders that Kevin Wilkins has to investigate in Murder Hunt. In the full game there will be three, but only two have been announced.

## Warehouse

The Warehouse is the first scene Kevin must investigate. The clues Kevin must find in the Warehouse haven't been announced yet, but the monsters to be active in the warehouse are Booker and Lolph.

## Toy Store

The Toy Store is the second scene that Kevin must investigate. nothing has been announced about the Toy Store, but the full Toy Store map was released on Halloween.

## Trivia

* The Toy Store is Called "Toy Land."
* The Toy Store shut down most likely in December 1982 or Early 1983, as a poster for the game "E.T: The Extra Terrestrial" for the Atari 2600 is there, that game caused the infamous "gaming crash of ´83."
Prime

Prime is a crystallic planet. It is currently inhabited by Primions, and their queen is Adella Pralix. It is one of four planets involved in The Battle for Earth, and has control over Panorama High School.

## Locations

* Primion Throne Room
* Primidone High School

## Inhabitants

* Adella Pralix
* Nikole Sommer
* Kaleb Tisdale (Primion Transfer)
Backing Storage

digital data, it uses either a single or multiple platters (magnetic disks) where
you can read/write data to by using an actuator arm with read/write headers as
the platters rotate at high speeds. It is stored in different patterns of
magnetisation to store digital data (Magnetised - 1 Non-Magnetised – 0) in a
magnetisable material.

### Solid State Drive (SSD)

SSDs contain no moving mechanisms to read/write data but
instead uses flash memory to store information, they are non-volatile so they
don’t require power in order to retain data. SSDs are capable of much faster
speeds when compared to HDDs as data can be instantly read/written instead of
waiting for the actuator arm and disk rotation to in the correct position.

### Optical Disk Drives (ODD)

Optical drives store data on disks by using a laser to burn
data onto a disk and later read the marks burned onto the disc as digital
information. There different formats of optical disks are CD, DVD and Blu-ray
with the main difference been the size of the laser used to read/write data
with a smaller laser been capable of burning physically smaller bits to the
disc.

* CD - 0.7 GB.

* DVD - 4.7GB.

* Blu-Ray - 25GB
Auxiliary Storage

Auxiliary storage is any storage device that doesn’t contain
data that is vital to the computers operation such as boot code and Operating
System. The storage is used to store information such as personal and business
documents along some programs, it can be in any form such as:

* USB Flash Drive

* SD Card

* HDD/SSD

* CD/DVD/Blu-Ray
Minicomputer

## Minicomputer

These computers are between mainframes and microcomputers in
terms of processing power and costs. They are multiprocessing systems that are
capable of supporting multiple users simultaneously.

### Mid-Range Servers

A mid-range server is a computer that sits between
microcomputers and mainframes in terms of hardware. It manages network
resources and they typically dedicated to a single task but are capable of
running multiple processes. Examples servers are file servers for sharing data
and print servers for sharing a printer.

### Workstations

Workstations are designed for engineering and graphics
applications, they are used by one users at a time although they tend to run
multi-user operating systems. They are optimised for virtualisation of complex
data such as running engineering simulations and computations fluid dynamics.
Computer Architecture

## Computer Architecture

Architecture is how things are designed and built, when
referring to computers it can be for the circuits within each individual
component or the way those components process data, this helps to develop
standards making it easier for devices to effectively communicate and work
efficiently.

### Busses

A bus is a collection of parallel wires which data is
transmitted through on a computer, it connects all the computer components to
the CPU and only one device can use the bus at any time. Busses consist of two
parts, the address bus which indicates where the data will go and the data bus
which carries the data on.

For a device to read or write to the buss firstly the
address for the device must be placed on the address bus, then the device will
know that the data is meant for it and not any other devices on the same bus.
The device will also use a clock signal to keep synchronised with the CPU and a
read/write signal to indication whether the device to be read from or written
to.

The width of the bus determines the maximum data that can be
transferred through it at any one time, a 32-bit bus can carry 32 individual
bits at any time but no more.

### Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)

AGP is designed around PCI but with a focus on graphical
interfaces to improve the performance of 3D graphics, it also features a direct
point to point channel to main system memory so that a GPU can use system RAM
instead of the cards VRAM.

In order to use AGP the chipset must first support it, the
motherboard should have an AGP bus, the OS needs to support it and the graphics
card needs to support AGP.

AGP was the successor to PCI for graphical devices as it
provided higher bandwidth and direct memory access. The most recent version is
AGP 3.5 and has been phased out in preference to PCI Express due to even higher
data bandwidth.

  Version
  Bandwidth (MB/s)
Panorama Football Team

The Panorama Football Team is one of the current athletic teams representing Panorama. Their mascot is the falcon. They currently do not have a team coach.

## Current Members

Carter Thomas-#52Michael Higgins-#29Scott Corbain-#94Jason HawkinsPreston Lewis
## Gallery

The Falcon, their current mascot.Chris Higgins, who currently serves as the school's mascot.
Bear Mountain High School

Bear Mountain High School is a high school located in Lancaster, South Carolina. Its school colors are blue and silver, and its mascot is the bear. It is the rival school of Panorama High School, and its current principal is Melissa Simmons.

## Students

### Sophomores

1. Paige Carver
2. Ben Chandler
3. Emilee Gibbons
4. Grace Kittler

### Juniors

1. Easton Fielding
2. Owen Stone
3. Leah Dowell

### Seniors

1. Soma Lin
2. Kai Lin
3. Alexandra Brennan
4. McKenzie Sorenson

## Teachers/Staff

1. Melissa Simmons
2. Wyatt Larson
3. Mary Pierson
4. Martha Faraday
5. Natalie Vincent
Hirschfelds Entwurf des Transvestitismus

Aufgrund
der Herausgabe der Zeitschrift für Sexualwissenschaften, in der oft Meldungen
unter dem Titel: „Männer als Frauen und Frauen als Männer“ veröffentlicht wurden,
avancierte Hirschfeld zum bestinformierten Sexualwissenschaftler auf dem Gebiet
des Transvestitismus. Aufgrund dessen wendeten sich viele Transvestiten und
Cross-Dresser persönlich an ihn. Daher war es ihm möglich eine Fallsammlung von
17 Cross-Dressern (16 Männern und einer Frau) zu erstellen. Er befragte sie zu
ihren Neigungen, Biografien, Lebensgewohnheiten und Alltagsproblemen.

Als
Transvestitismus beschreibt Hirschfeld „den häufigen Drang, in der Kleidung
desjenigen Geschlecht zu leben, dem die Betreffenden ihren Körperbau nach nicht
angehören“(Hirschfeld zitiert nach Herrn 2005: 54). Dies deutete er als
„Ausdrucksform der inneren Persönlichkeit, als Zeichen ihrer Sinnesart“
(Hirschfeld zitiert nach Herrn 2005: 54). In ihrer Kleidung ihres eigentlichen
Geschlechts empfinden sie als „etwas Fremdes“, die des anderen Geschlechts gibt
ihnen „das Gefühl der Ruhe, Sicherheit und Erhebung“(Hirschfeld zitiert nach
Herrn 2005: 54). Der Transvestitismus schließt dabei die gesamte soziale
Geschlechterrolle mit ein. Die Neigung macht sich bereits in der frühen
Kindheit bemerkbar, später dann auch im Berufsleben und der Freizeit, sowie im
Sexualverhalten. Aus dieser beschriebenen Kategorie des Transvestitismus soll
sich später die Personengruppe der Transsexuellen herausbilden (vgl. Herrn
2005: 55).

Bei
seiner Untersuchung legte Hirschfeld ein besonderes Augenmerk auf Zeichen der
Mischgeschlechtlichkeit bei Haar (Bart, Körper- und Kopfbehaarung), sowie
Brust, Becken, Hände und Füße. Bei dieser Untersuchung wird er sich bewusst,
dass die Transvestiten den Wunsch verspüren das ihr Körper dem des anderen
Geschlechts entspricht. Jedoch schreibt Hirschfeld nichts über den Wunsch nach
einer Operation (vgl. Herrn 2005: 55ff.). Hirschfeld beschreibt den
Transvestitismus als Heterosexuelles Phänomen, der Sexualtrieb würde sich in
fast allen Fällen auf das andere Geschlecht richten und homosexuelle Neigungen wiesen
fast alle von sich (vgl. Herrn 2005: 59). Als primäres Ziel gaben die Befragten
die Effemination, also die Weiblichkeit im Handeln, Verhalten und Aussehen,
neben dem beruhigenden Effekt und einer erotischen Komponente an. Diese
heterosexuelle Darstellung des Transvestitismus führte zu seiner Auslagerung
als Sonderkategorie, neben den Gruppen der Hermaphroditen, Homosexuellen etc.

In dieser Arbeit ließ Hirschfeld Frauen völlig außen vor, obwohl sich viele
Berichte über Frauen in Männerkleidung in seiner Monografie befinden.

Im kritischen Teil seiner Arbeit prüft er mittels
eines Ausschlussverfahrens alle verbreiteten Erklärungen für den
Transvestitismus unter anderem Monosexualität (Personen die sich selbst als
sexuelles Objekt genügen), Homosexualität, Fetischismus, Masochismus und
Paranoia. Er stellte eine Diskordanz fest, was ihn dazu veranlasste
Transvestitismus als eigene Zwischenkategorie zu sehen (vgl. Hirschfeld 2005:
65).
Lockers

These are the lockers. Lockers range from 100-999.

## Directory

* Locker 100
* Locker 101
* Locker 102
* Locker 103
* Locker 104
* Locker 105
* Locker 106
* Locker 107
* Locker 108
* Locker 109
* Locker 110
* Locker 111
* Locker 112
* Locker 113
* Locker 114
* Locker 115
* Locker 116
* Locker 117
* Locker 118
* Locker 119
* Locker 120
* Locker 121
* Locker 122
* Locker 123
* Locker 124
* Locker 125
* Locker 126
* Locker 127
* Locker 128
* Locker 129
* Locker 130
* Locker 131
* Locker 132
* Locker 133
* Locker 134
* Locker 135
Networking

By using various connections between computer systems such
as Ethernet cables or Wi-Fi you can establish a computer network with the right
hardware. By networking devices together you are able to easily transfer data
between different computers or create an active directory so that users can log
into any machine and have their settings and files load on it.

It also grants you access to the internet allow users to
browse websites either for entertainment, business or education. You are able
to use online services such as email for communication and cloud storage with
both been accessed world-wide.

Networks can also be used for improving efficiency of
computer processes by spreading out large processes over several computers. An
example of this is animation rendering where it may take a single computer
several days to process a full movie, by using multiple computer the work is
distributed between them reducing the overall render time.
Monitor, Display Adapters

Displays are used to display visual data to a user, this may
be images or video but typically used in computers for graphical user
interfaces to make using the computer simpler.

There are three different types of displays.

* Monochrome – Displays only two colours typically black and white.

* Grey-Scale – This is similar to monochrome but has different shades. White-grey-Black.

* Colour – Capable of display thousands of different colours by using three primary colours also known as RGB displays. Red Green Blue.

The resolution of a monitor defines how many pixels are
addressable on the display, typically by adding more pixels to a display you
will increase the sharpness of the image displayed. With physically large
displays sizes you need higher resolutions as it becomes easier to identify
individual pixels if the resolution is too low or the screen size.

Refresh rate is another part of the display, it indicates
how often the image on the display is updated, however this means to keep a
constant refresh rate the hardware in the monitor must be capable of processing
the input and updating the entire display fast enough to avoid noticeable
stuttering.
Applications Software

## Applications Software

Application software is designed for the end users such as a
word processor or web browser, it works on top of systems software.

### Special Purpose Software

Special purpose software is typically designed for a single
purpose such as a calculator that is only capable of performing calculation.

### Be-spoke Software

Bespoke software is designed for a specific user or purpose such
as programming robots for manufacturing, if you are producing a unique item the
programing maybe be purpose built.
Cooling

## Cooling Unit

Components in a computer will produce heat as they process
data, typically the more processing power the hotter a machine will run. The
development of new technologies and refining older ones allows for high
performance with lower power consumption and heat dissipation.

The two main heat producers in a desktop computer are the
CPU and the GPU but most electronics produce heat just in smaller quantities.

This heat can be cooled off in different ways:

* Water cooling – Uses water to carry heat away from heat producers at dissipates it at a radiator.

* Air cooling – Uses heatsinks to passively dissipate heat in the air, typically with cold air flowing through them from fans in the case.

* Immersion cooling –By submerging the computer in a thermally conductive but non-electrically conductive liquid along with heatsinks on heat producing components, heat is carried away and raises the temperature of the surround liquid which is actively cooled.
Booker

"The Demon"

**Booker** is a semi-antagonist in Murder Hunt.

## Appearance

Booker is a red humanoid-demon creature with greenish-yellow eyes and a large jaw revealing a set of bloody lower teeth. Booker is also seen with large bloody claws on both of his hands.

## Behavior

In the original version made by ImnotVaultBoy, Booker first appears in the Warehouse, he regularly appears in hallways and the player must avoid him to not get attacked. Using the flashlight is vital to know where he is. If the player walks to an area where Booker is, or if they stay in an area where Booker is, they will be killed.

In the official version by MudkipOfCoolness, he becomes first active at the start of the first "to be investigated" location, the Warehouse. He begins in a big area of the location. He will move via to the left path or the right path, since he does have a chance of crawling though a vent. If you don't hold your breath in time, he will kill you.

## Trivia

* In the joke animation, "This will Never Happen", Booker is smaller and designed to look more cute, as it is a parody of the game "FNaF World."
Keyboard and Mouse

Keyboards
are commonly used with computers allowing users to input characters and numbers
into a computer for writing documents of interacting with programs. The layout
of keys vary between countries along with different characters for different
languages.

A mouse
is used to input movement data to a computer this may be used to move the
cursor on the screen for navigation for controlling element within a program.
Most button layouts are exactly the same with a left, middle and right mouse
button along with a scroll wheel, some feature additional buttons for extra
functions.

Touch
displays sense a user’s touch, wherever you touch on the screen it will input
the location data this usually is used for navigation.
Multimedia Devices

Multimedia devices are designed for either creating or
performing digital content, these devices maybe be recording devices that
provide an input or output stored content.

Input devices are things such as microphones and cameras
that can be recorded and stored on storage media such as a disk drive, the data
been recorded could be anything from
voice over to music videos

Output devices produce sound of video from monitors or
speakers, this is used to watch content like movies with video and sound.
Network

Network environments allow computers to communicate
effectively, they enforce polices on the type of connections and data that is transmitted
to prevent data theft and leaking information. Home networks don’t enforce a lot
of polices but large companies may produce their own polices that define how the
network is used. The environment consists of switches to connect computers together
and routers to connect networks together along with servers for handling data, these
pieces of hardware and the connections to the network are vital to providing users
with a good connection to services and the internet.
Power Supply

## Power Supply Unit (PSU)

This unit supplies power to a computer system, the take the
power from standard power outlets, it takes the AC current from the outlet and
converts it to DC current along with regulating the voltage levels to reduce
spikes in the supply to protect delicate systems.

Each PSU has a different watt rating which is the maximum
amount of power that can be supplied to the machine. There is also an
efficiency rating that indicates how efficient the power supply is at
converting power.
Use of systems in Envrioments

## Home

Most home computer systems will use microcomputers such as
personal and mobile computers, these computers have low processing power as
they do not require it. Most common forms of computers used in home
environments are tablets, laptops, low end desktops and low power servers used
for network attached storage.

## Business

Businesses required more processing then home environments
as they process much more data and have to have high security software running
in order to protect their customer’s personal data and their own. They will use
a range of different systems:

* Microcomputers are used for most desktop and user machines, these are used most commonly by the staff at a business for day to day usage. They will be used for low power programs such as Microsoft office, different staff members may be provided machines with varied power depending on what job they have. An example of this is a graphics designer will be provided a better machine then an office worker who produces work documents in Microsoft Word.

* Minicomputers will be used for higher processing jobs such as workstations will be used for engineering and high level animation processes as they are designed to a specific purpose. Servers will be used for handling multiple users at once and processing data from each user they may be set up for services such as print servers, file servers and active domain servers.

* Mainframes will be used to process bulk data such as transactions, they may also make use of large scale network systems combining processing power of multiple computer in order to process either more data of process it faster than a single machine is capable of.

* Supercomputer can be used for processing massive mathematical calculations and large complex simulations such as fluid dynamics and models such as the human brain.

## Computer Gaming

Gaming systems require more than standard home computer
systems, in most cases systems with processing power that is blurred between
microcomputers and minicomputers. For the most part they are standard systems
but more powerful parts are used such as CPU, GPU and storage medium.

## Networking

Networks can consist of every type of computer system
depending on the usage of the network, for enforcing policies on the networks
usage server will be required whereas most computer connections will be
microcomputers for standard usage.

## Real-Time

Different usages of real time systems require different
computer systems to process the data with low end real-time processes such as
identifying an input and responding can be done on most microcomputers and
minicomputers. However large real time systems used for simulations of real
events as they happen or processing data from thousands of simultaneous users
instantly.
Mainframes

## Mainframes

Mainframes are typically expensive computers that are
capable of handling hundreds to thousands of users simultaneously. They are
used by businesses for highly demanding programs and processing bulk amounts of
data while been designed with redundancy for increased reliability if there is
a malfunction.

### Large Scale Network Systems

Some mainframes will consist of multiple computer linked
together through a network to work more effectively.
Central Processing Unit

## Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The CPU is the brain of the computer, it processes
information from various inputs and programs stored in the computers storage
devices and determines the outputs of the computer such as audio and visual.

The speed at which the computer can process this information
is determined by the clock speed of the processor and the number of cores, with
higher speeds been capable of processing more calculations per second.

Most modern CPUs will have multiple processing cores, this
allows for processes to be spread across multiple cores of a lower clock speed
for higher overall processing speeds.

The CPU is composed of two main parts, the control unit and
the Arithmetic Logic Unit.

### Control Unit

This is the part of the CPU that takes instructions from a
program and signals from inputs and executes them sending signals to the ALU
and outputs.

It provides of components in the CPU with timing and control
signals in order to keep all the operations synchronised. It controls the flow
of data between different devices that are connected to the CPU. For example,
it will take in signals from input devices such as a mouse through USB
controllers and control the output signals such as sound for speakers through
sound cards.

### Arithmetic Logic Unit

This is used for all the CPU’s arithmetic and logical
operations with the control unit sending signals to tell the ALU what
operations to perform and with what data. CPU’s may consist of multiple ALUs to
allow more complex operations or just more operations total. Data is initially
inputted into registers and the ALU stores the result in an output register.

### Registers

Registers are a high-speed storage device within a CPU, when
a CPU works on information it must first be stored on a register first then it
can be processed. Components that process information will have input registers
that store information to be processes and output registers that store
processed data. The number and size of the registers in a CPU determine its
speed and processing power, 32 bit CPUs have 32 bit wide registers and 64 bit
CPUs have 64 bit wide registers.

In most cases a user will not interact with moving data
between registers on the CPU when in either standard use or programming, the
only time a user directly interacts with registers is when using assembly
language programs.
Printers, Plotters, Cameras, Scanners

* Laser printers work by placing an electronic charge on paper which attracts powered ink called toner which sticks to the paper to produce an image, this uses ink more efficiently and produces a high quality print although it is more costly.

* Ink-Jet printers work by spraying tiny amounts of ink onto paper to produce an image, they offer better colour and are cheaper to buy but they are slower and use up more ink.

Plotters
are another type of printer for printing vector graphics, it uses a pen to draw
lines onto paper which allows for continuous lines to be drawn instead of tiny
dots. They are typically used in engineering applications as they offer greater
precision. In most cases plotters have been replaced by other types of
printers.

### Digital Cameras

A digital
camera stores an image as digital information instead of on film like
traditional cameras. They take in the light through the lenses and use
digitizing mechanism which converts the light into data that is processed and
stored. The quality camera can vary depending on the quality and resolution of
the digitizing mechanism used whereas traditional cameras don’t have
resolution.

### Scanners

Scanners
allow a user to place a document in the scanner and it will create a digital
image of the document. It digitizes the image placed in the scanner dividing it
into a grid of pixels with each pixel having colour data.
Business

The use of computers within a business can vary in scale and
functionality depending on the business and their digital needs. The functions
may vary from storing information such as staff details and ordering stock to
large requirements such as processing massive amounts of data such as
transactions in a bank.

Computer system may also need to be capable of support
multiple users across a large number of computers inside the company’s
buildings or providing secure access to information from home.

Computer systems in a business environment also need to be
secure to ensure there is no breach of personal information as it can lead to
fraud and stolen bank details.
Specialised Cards

## Specialised Cards

### Network Interface Cards (NIC)

A NIC connects to a computer through an expansion port
typically PCIe, this device allows for the computer to communicate on computer
network with some providing the capability to connect to multiple networks.

The may be wired interface cards that have Ethernet ports or
fibre for connecting to networks or use wireless communication to connect to
Bluetooth devices or Wi-Fi devices.

### Graphics Processing Unit Cards (GPU)

Graphics cards produce the images displayed on a video
output such as a monitor, this card can be integrated into a motherboard or be
a dedicated card typically providing more processing power.

Monitors refresh the image displayed at a high rate, the
resolution of the images been rendered and the quality of the image increase
the processing power required to maintain the same refresh rate. If the refresh
rate starts to decline it can lead to noticeable stuttering of videos.

### Modem Cards

A modulator-demodulator allows computers to communicate
digitally through analogue phone lines. When transmitting data, the digital
information is modulated into an analogue signal and transmitted through the
telephone line, when receiving the analogue information is demodulated back
into digital information for a computer.

### Sound Cards

Sound cards are used to produce audio signals they connect
through various different ports and then the digital audio signal is converted
into an analogue signal for standard headphones and digital signal standards
for other audio outputs. They also convert analogue inputs from microphones
into digital signals to allow for recording and communication.
Computer Gaming

A gaming environment may exist alongside a home environment,
they have higher processing power then average home environments as they render
lives scenes at frames rates of 30, 60 or 120 per second. With the graphical
processing required games may also be CPU intensive for things such as physics
processing. With online gaming networks need to have low latency in order to
reduce the time it takes to pass information between computers around the world
for responsive gameplay.
Memory

### Random Access Memory (RAM)

This type of memory where any byte of memory can be accessed
at random without having to go through each previous byte first. Because the
information stored is randomly accessible instead of having to read it
sequentially like a CD you are able to read and write data to RAM much faster
then other storage devices.

RAM is volatile memory which mean that it must be powered in
order to store information, any information stored when the power is cut will
be lost.

The main types of RAM are:

* DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) – This is the

most common type as it is cheaper and needs to refreshed thousands of times a
second.

* SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) – This type

is faster as it doesn’t need to be refreshed but is more expensive.

### Read-Only Memory (ROM)

During manufacturing data is written to ROM it cannot be
erased or rewritten only read from which can be useful for security systems as
hackers cannot alter vital program code, but updating software on ROM requires
the storage device to be replaced.

ROM is non-volatile memory which means that it retains its
contents when it loses power making it suitable to store programs such as BIOS.

### Programmable Memory

PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory) is manufactured blank
instead of pre-programmed like ROM and you must use a special programmer to
write the data. Without the PROM programmer you are only able to read the data
and not alter it in any way.

EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) is similar to
PROM as it is produced blank and you use a programmer to write to the PROM
although if you expose it to ultraviolet the data is erased.

EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory)
is also erasable but with the use of an electrical charge instead of
ultraviolet light making it easier to use for digital storage.

### Cache Memory

Cache memory is typically integrated directly into a device such
as a CPU or storage drive, it can be accessed faster than most storage devices
such as the CPU accessing data from the ram. The basic purpose of cache is to
store program instructions that are frequently used by software during
operation.
Grad der Behinderung

Das Versorgungsamt richtet sich bei einer Feststellung der
Behinderung nach den Versorgungsmedizinischen Grundsätzen (vgl. Beta Institut
2016: o. S.). Sie ersetzen seit 2009 die Anhaltspunkte für die ärztliche
Gutachtertätigkeit im sozialen Entschädigungsrecht und dienen als
Orientierungsmaße zur Beurteilung des Grades der Behinderung (kurz: GdB) einer
Person (vgl. ebd.: o. S.). Weiterhin beginnt der GdB bei 20 und endet bei 100,
wobei eine Schwerstbehinderung ab 50 ermessen wird (vgl. o. V. 2015: o. S.). Die
Anhaltspunkte sind dabei medizinische Befunde und deren Auswirkungen, sowie Funktionseinschränkungen
im Alltag.

Literatur:

Beta
Institut 2016: Grad der Behinderung. Aufgerufen unter: http://www.betanet.de/betanet/soziales\_recht/Grad-der-Behinderung-164.html.
Aufgerufen am: 05.03.2016

o. V. 2015:
Schwerbehinderung. Aufgerufen unter: http://www.sozialhilfe24.de/schwerbehinderung/gdb-50-schwerbehindert.html.
Aufgerufen am: 05.03.2016
Real-Time

## Real-Time

Real time systems are capable of instantly respond to the
input of a user or another system, this may also be computer simulations of
real life events. This puts a high demand on the computer systems been used
requiring massive amounts of processing power to handle all the data with a low
enough latency.
Supercomputers

## Supercomputers

This is the fast and most expensive type of computer they
are designed to process massive amounts of mathematical calculations, they are
used for things such as scientific research and weather forecasting.

It differs to a mainframe in the way it processes programs
where a mainframe runs its processing power to run lots of programs
simultaneously, a supercomputer uses it’s processing power on a few programs
processing them as fast as possible.

They have multiple processors that may be used in standards
computer that work together on a single task or set of tasks, some systems will
contain hundreds of these processors.

### Multiprocessing

Multiprocessing refers to two different things, firstly it
refers to a computer that is capable of running multiple processes
simultaneously allowing a user to run multiple programs at the same time. The
operating system used must manage resources handed to each process effectively
so that they can run well without performance issues.

It may also refer to having multiple CPUs that process data,
this is also called parallel processing. It allows supercomputers, mainframes
and some minicomputers to make use of standard CPUs that are used in regular
desktops by linking them together to combine their processing power. It works
by either allocating processes to individual processors or runs processes that
work across multiple processors.
Microcomputers

This is an inexpensive, small computer using a
microprocessor, memory and I/O, typically used individuals instead of
companies.

friendly Graphical user interface allows people to easily pick up how to work on
the machine and use various programs.

### Mobile Computers

Mobile computers such as tablets and laptops are powered
from batteries that allow them to be moved around without having to be
connected to an external power source. Because they are run on a battery this
limits how long they can last before needing to be recharged so most mobile
devices will prefer to use low power consuming parts which leads to less
processing power compared to standard desktops.
Systems Comparison

## Microcomputers

Microcomputer are the lowest end of computer systems
providing the least amount of processing power and costing the least amount of
money and time to set up. Mostly used in a home environment due to their
cheapness and they provide all the functions required in a home environment.
The can also be used in business environments for standard desktops making them
useful across a wide range of roles.

They use standard parts to construct along with operating
systems such as windows, in business uses they may use more professional
software.

## Minicomputers

Minicomputers cost more to set up and run then
microcomputers but they do provide more processing power, they may also come
along with less common software and hardware. Software such as server based
operating systems and network management suites. Hardware such as Raid cards
for backing data up, multiple network interfaces to increase network speeds and
Fibre cable connections for higher bandwidth.

## Mainframes

Mainframes are very expensive systems but they are built and
set up to process lots of data at a very high rate, they may be constructed
with some standard parts such as processors and storage medium but they are set
up in a configuration to make use of multiple processors and store vast
quantities of information. They may link computers together in order to share
processing loads across different machines so that the process can be processed
faster allowing a company to keep up with demands. These systems also require
expensive software to run with operating systems and programs that support
multiple CPUs and multiple computers.

## Supercomputers

This the most expensive system compared to others but they
do provide the most processing power however they do not run standard software
and applications as they handle data differently. Most software has to be
purpose built for supercomputers as they’re capable of processing just a few
processes at a very fast rate where as other systems process lots of processes
at a much slower rate. Also most other systems run a single processor with the
exception of mainframes and a few minicomputers that may use multiple
processors, supercomputers can use thousands of processors in a single system.
Samuel Clark Computer Systems Wikia

## Welcome to the Wiki

Welcome to the Computer Systems wikia for HND Unit .

## Computer Systems

* Microcomputers
* Minicomputer
* Mainframes
* Supercomputers
* Systems Comparison

## Environments

* Home
* Business
* Computer Gaming
* Network
* Real-Time
* Use of systems in Envrioments

## Function

* Central Processing Unit
* Memory
* Computer Architecture
* Auxiliary Storage

## Hardware

* Motherboard
* Power Supply
* Computer Architecture
* Backing Storage
* Specialised Cards

## Software

* Systems Software
* Applications Software

## Peripherals

* Printers, Plotters, Cameras, Scanners
* Keyboard and Mouse
* Monitor, Display Adapters
* Multimedia Devices
* Storage Media
* Networking
* Portable Drives
* Plug and Play Components
* Performance Factors

## Latest activity

Photos and videos are a great way to add visuals to your wiki. Find videos about your topic by exploring Wikia's Video Library.

File:Placeholder
Totgeburt

Kinder, bei denen sich keine Lebenszeichen gezeigt haben und deren Geburtsgewicht mindestens 500 Gramm beträgt, werden als Totgeburt bezeichnet. Liegt das Geburtsgewicht unter 500 Gramm, wird dies als Fehlgeburt eingestuft. Die Unterscheidung zwischen Tot- und Fehlgeburt wird in der „Verordnung zur Ausführung des Personenstandsgesetzes" (PStV) festgehalten. Totgeburten sind als Fehlgeburten meldepflichtig. Angaben zu Häufigkeiten finden sich in der Geburtenstatistik.

(Statistisches Bundesamt 2016b)

Demnach gab es im Jahr 2014 2.597 Totgeburten in Deutschland,  was einem prozentualen Anteil von  0,36% gemessen an allen Geburten des Jahres 2014 entspricht. Im Vergleich zum Vorjahr stieg die Anzahl an Totgeburten um 41 Fälle.(vgl. Statistisches Bundesamt 2016c)

Häufige Ursachen für Totgeburten sind unter anderem eine plötzlich auftretende Plazentalösung und schwere fetale Erkrankungen, wie beispielsweise eine Trisomie 18. (vgl. Beinder & Bucher 2008: 286) Des Weiteren existieren diverse epidemiologische Faktoren, die das Risiko einer Totgeburt erhöhen. Hierzu zählen beispielsweise Schwangere mit Mehrlingen, ältere Schwangere und Schwangerschaften, die den errechneten Geburtstermin überschreiten. (vgl. ebd.). Ursachen für Totgeburten finden sich zudem in einem ungesunden Lebensstil, vor allem wenn dieser mit Adipositas und dem Konsum von Zigaretten einhergeht, sowie in sozialen Faktoren. (vgl. ebd.: 289) So haben unter anderem Schulbildung, soziale Herkunft und das Ausmaß der Inanspruchnahme von Vorsorgeuntersuchungen während der Schwangerschaft Einfluss auf die Totgeburtenrate. (vgl. ebd.)

### Literatur

*Beinder, E. & Bucher, H.U.* (2008): Totgeburt und plötzlicher Kindstod. Gemeinsamkeiten und Differenzen. In: Der Gynäkologe. Jg. 41, Heft 4. S. 283-292.

*Statistisches Bundesamt* (2016)b: Definitionen: Plötzlicher Kindstod, Müttersterbefälle, Lebend- und Totgeborene

<https://www.destatis.de/DE/Publikationen/STATmagazin/Gesundheit/2010\_10/Definitionen.html>, 23.03.2016

*Statistisches Bundesamt* (2016)c: Natürliche Bevölkerungsbewegung. Lebendgeborene und Gestorbene

<https://www.destatis.de/DE/ZahlenFakten/GesellschaftStaat/Bevoelkerung/Geburten/Tabellen/LebendgeboreneGestorbene.html>, 23.03.2016
Sittengesetz

Als Sittengesetz wird ein Normenbündel bezeichnet, welches durch die Verfassung nicht erst gesetzt wird, sondern von ihr als bereits gegeben vorausgesetzt wird. (vgl. Detjen 2009: 69) Das Sittengesetz kann als Inbegriff ethischer Werte betrachtet werden. (vgl. ebd.) Es beruht auf moralischen Werturteilen, die Handlungen in richtig und falsch einteilen und gibt vor, „was jedes vernünftige endliche Wesen zu tun hat“ (Schweidler 2012: 84). Problematisch ist das Sittengesetz insofern, als dass es keinen Hinweis darauf liefert, wer darüber entscheidet, was als sittlich und unsittlich gilt. In einem Urteil des Bundesverfassungsgerichtes wird hierzu angemerkt, dass aus den öffentlichen Religionsgemeinschaften – insbesondere aus der katholischen und evangelischen Religionslehre – die Maßstäbe für sittliches Verhalten entnommen werden können. (vgl. Detjen 2009: 69).

### Literatur

*Detjen, Joachim* (2009): Die Werteordnung des Grundgesetzes. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften: Wiesbaden

*Schweidler, Walter* (2012): Über Menschenwürde. Der Ursprung der Person und die Kultur des Lebens. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften: Wiesbaden