Steenbok (bubblywums & LeafProductions)

## Steenbok

Raphicerus campestris

**Steenbok** (*Raphicerus campestris*) is a small African antelope available for download in *Planet Zoo*.

## Mod Credits

* **Model and Textures:** bubblywums
* **Porting and Zoopedia:** LeafProductions

## Zoopedia Description

### General

Population in the Wild: 600,000

The Steenbok (Raphicerus campestris) is a common small antelope of southern and eastern Africa. It is sometimes known as the steinbuck or steinbok. Steenbok resemble small Oribi, standing 45–60 cm (16"–24") at the shoulder, and average ~12kg. Their pelage (coat) is any shade from fawn to rufous, typically rather orange. The underside, including chin and throat, is white, as is the ring around the eye. Ears are large with "finger-marks" on the inside. Males have straight, smooth, parallel horns 7–19 cm long (see image left). There is a black crescent-shape between the ears, a long black bridge to the glossy black nose, and a black circular scent-gland in front of the eye. The tail is not usually visible, being only 4–6 cm long.

### Social

Steenbok are active during the day and the night; however, during hotter periods, they rest under shade during the heat of the day. The time spent feeding at night increases in the dry season. While resting, they may be busy grooming, ruminating or taking brief spells of sleep. At the first sign of trouble, steenbok typically lie low in the vegetation. If a predator or perceived threat comes closer, a steenbok will leap away and follow a zigzag route to try to shake off the pursuer. Escaping steenbok frequently stop to look back, and flight is alternated with prostration during extended pursuit. They are known to take refuge in the burrows of Aardvarks. Known predators include Southern African wildcat, caracal, jackals, leopard, martial eagle and pythons.

### Social

Steenbok are typically solitary, except for when a pair come together to mate. However, it has been suggested that pairs occupy consistent territories while living independently, staying in contact through scent markings, so that they know where their mate is most of the time. Scent marking is primarily through dung middens. Territories range from 4 hectares to one square kilometre. The male is aggressive during the female's oestrus, engaging in "bluff-and-bluster" type displays with rival males—prolonged contests invariably involve well-matched individuals, usually in their prime. Breeding occurs throughout the year, although more fawns are born November to December in the southern spring–summer; some females may breed twice a year. Gestation period is about 170 days, and usually a single precocious fawn is produced. The fawn is kept hidden in vegetation for 2 weeks, but they suckle for 3 months. Females become sexually mature at 6–8 months and males at 9 months. Steenbok are known to live for 7 years or more.

## Preferred Objects

### Food Tiers

* Hay
* Herbivore Pellets
* Fruits and Vegetables

### Food Stations

* Food Trough
* Water Trough
* Water Pipe

### Food Enrichment

* Grazing Ball Feeder
* Hanging Grazer Feeder
* Small Barrel Feeder

### Toy Enrichment

* Herb Scent Marker
* Rubbing Pillar
* Scratching Tree Scots Pine
* Scratching Tree Tamarind