Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor

One of the Academy Awards of MeritTemplate:SHORTDESC:One of the Academy Awards of Merit

The **Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor** is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is given in honor of an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a supporting role while working within the film industry. The award is traditionally presented by the previous year's Best Supporting Actress winner.

At the 9th Academy Awards ceremony held in 1937, Walter Brennan was the first winner of this award for his role in *Come and Get It*. Initially, winners in both supporting acting categories were awarded plaques instead of statuettes. Beginning with the 16th ceremony held in 1944, however, winners received full-sized statuettes. Currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS; winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy.

Since its inception, the award has been given to 75 actors. Brennan has received the most awards in this category with three awards. Brennan, Jeff Bridges, Robert Duvall, Arthur Kennedy, Jack Nicholson, Claude Rains, and Al Pacino were nominated on four occasions, more than any other actor. As of the 2021 ceremony, Daniel Kaluuya is the most recent winner in this category for his performance as Fred Hampton in *Judas and the Black Messiah*.

## Winners and nominees

In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of film release in Los Angeles County; the ceremonies are always held the following year.

Table key

### 1930s

 File:Walter brennan real mccoys 1958.JPG
 File:Joseph Schildkraut 1953.jpg

### 1940s

 File:Heflin, Van.jpg
 File:Charles Coburn in Road to Singapore trailer.jpg
 File:Barry Fitzgerald 1945.jpg
 File:Edmund Gwenn 1953.jpg
 File:Walter Huston - 1950.jpg

### 1950s

 File:George Sanders Allan Warren.jpg
 File:Karl Malden - autographed.jpg
 File:Anthony Quinn signed.JPG
 File:Frank Sinatra by Gottlieb c1947- 2.jpg
 File:Jack Lemmon - 1968 (cropped).jpg

### 1960s

 File:Sir Peter Ustinov 4 Allan Warren.jpg
 File:George Chakiris Medical Center 1970.JPG
 File:Douglas-portrait mod crop2-3.jpg
 File:Walter Matthau - 1952.jpg
 File:George Kennedy 1975.JPG

### 1970s

 File:Joel Grey 2014.jpg
 File:RobertdeNiro26 (cropped).JPG
 File:George Burns Allan Warren.tif
 File:Jason Robards-1975.jpg

### 1980s

 File:John Gielgud 12. Allan Warren.jpg
 File:Louis Gossett Jr LF.JPG
 File:Jack Nicholson 2002 (cropped).jpg

### 1990s

 File:Martin Landau nineties.jpg

 File:Michael Caine - Viennale 2012 g (cropped).jpg

### 2000s

 File:Morgan Freeman Deauville 2018.jpg

 File:Heath Ledger (2).jpg

## Multiple nominations from the same film

* Harry Carey and Claude Rains in *Mr. Smith Goes to Washington* (1939)
* Leo Genn and Peter Ustinov in *Quo Vadis* (1951)
* Brandon deWilde and Jack Palance in *Shane* (1953)
* Lee J. Cobb, Karl Malden, and Rod Steiger in *On the Waterfront* (1954)
* Arthur Kennedy and Russ Tamblyn in *Peyton Place* (1957)
* Arthur O'Connell and George C. Scott in *Anatomy of a Murder* (1959)
* Jackie Gleason and George C. Scott in *The Hustler* (1961)
* Gene Hackman and Michael J. Pollard in *Bonnie and Clyde* (1967)
* Jeff Bridges and Ben Johnson (winner) in *The Last Picture Show* (1971)
* James Caan, Robert Duvall, and Al Pacino in *The Godfather* (1972)
* Robert De Niro (winner), Michael V. Gazzo, and Lee Strasberg in *The Godfather Part II* (1974)
* Burgess Meredith and Burt Young in *Rocky* (1976)
* Jason Robards (winner) and Maximilian Schell in *Julia* (1977)
* Judd Hirsch and Timothy Hutton (winner) in *Ordinary People* (1980)
* John Lithgow and Jack Nicholson (winner) in *Terms of Endearment* (1983)
* Tom Berenger and Willem Dafoe in *Platoon* (1986)
* Harvey Keitel and Ben Kingsley in *Bugsy* (1991)
* Woody Harrelson and Sam Rockwell (winner) in *Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri* (2017)
* Al Pacino and Joe Pesci in *The Irishman* (2019)
* Daniel Kaluuya (winner) and Lakeith Stanfield in *Judas and the Black Messiah* (2021)

## Diversity of nominees/winners

### Asian nominees/winners

Nine actors with Asian descent and/or nationality have been nominated a total of eleven times in this category, and one actor has won this award.

* 1936 – Template:Country data Armenia/ Akim Tamiroff for *The General Died at Dawn* as General Yang
* 1943 – Template:Country data Armenia/ Akim Tamiroff for *For Whom the Bell Tolls* as Pablo (0 of **2**)
* 1957 – Template:Country data Japan Sessue Hayakawa for *The Bridge on the River Kwai* as Colonel Saito
* 1962 – Template:Country data Lebanon/Template:Country data Egypt Omar Sharif for *Lawrence of Arabia* as Sherif Ali ibn el Kharish
* 1966 – Template:Country data Japan/ Mako Iwamatsu for *The Sand Pebbles* as Po-Han
* **1984** – Template:Country data China/Template:Country data Cambodia/ **Haing S. Ngor** for ***The Killing Fields*** as **Dith Pran**
* 1984 – Template:Country data Japan/ Pat Morita for *The Karate Kid* as Mr. Miyagi
* 1991 – Template:Country data India/Template:Country data UK Ben Kingsley for *Bugsy* as Meyer Lansky
* 2001 – Template:Country data India/Template:Country data UK Ben Kingsley for *Sexy Beast* as Don Logan (0 of **2**)
* 2003 – Template:Country data Japan Ken Watanabe for *The Last Samurai* as Lord Katsumoto
* 2016 – Template:Country data India/Template:Country data UK Dev Patel for *Lion* as Saroo Brierley

### Black nominees/winners

Eighteen black actors have been nominated a total of twenty-two times in this category, and six actors have won this award (with Mahershala Ali winning twice).

* 1969 –  Rupert Crosse for *The Reivers* as Ned
* 1981 –  Howard Rollins for *Ragtime* as Coalhouse Walker Jr.
* **1982** –  **Louis Gossett Jr.** for ***An Officer and a Gentleman*** as **Gunnery Sergeant Emil Foley**
* 1984 –  Adolph Caesar for *A Soldier's Story* as Sgt. Waters
* 1987 –  Morgan Freeman for *Street Smart* as Fast Black
* 1987 –  Denzel Washington for *Cry Freedom* as Steve Biko
* **1989** –  **Denzel Washington** for ***Glory*** as **Pvt. Trip** (**1** of **2**)
* 1992 – Template:Country data UK Jaye Davidson for *The Crying Game* as Dil
* 1994 –  Samuel L. Jackson for *Pulp Fiction* as Jules Winnfield
* **1996** –  **Cuba Gooding Jr.** for ***Jerry Maguire*** as **Rod Tidwell**
* 1999 –  Michael Clarke Duncan for *The Green Mile* as John Coffey
* 2003 – Template:Country data Benin/ Djimon Hounsou for *In America* as Mateo
* **2004** –  **Morgan Freeman** for ***Million Dollar Baby*** as **Eddie 'Scrap-Iron' Dupris** (**1** of **2**)
* 2004 –  Jamie Foxx for *Collateral* as Max
* 2006 – Template:Country data Benin/ Djimon Hounsou for *Blood Diamond* as Solomon Vandy (0 of **2**)
* 2006 –  Eddie Murphy for *Dreamgirls* as James "Thunder" Early
* 2013 – Template:Country data Somalia Barkhad Abdi for *Captain Phillips* as Abduwali Muse
* **2016** –  **Mahershala Ali** for ***Moonlight*** as **Juan**
* **2018** –  **Mahershala Ali** for ***Green Book*** as **Don Shirley** (**2** of **2**)
* **2020** – Template:Country data Uganda/Template:Country data UK **Daniel Kaluuya** for ***Judas and the Black Messiah*** as **Fred Hampton**
* 2020 –  Leslie Odom Jr. for *One Night in Miami...* as Sam Cooke
* 2020 –  Lakeith Stanfield for *Judas and the Black Messiah* as William O'Neal

### Hispanic/Latin American nominees/winners

Seven actors of Hispanic/Latin American descent and/or nationality have been nominated a total of nine times in this category, and three actors have won this award (with Anthony Quinn winning twice).

* 1947 – Template:Country data Spain/ Thomas Gomez for *Ride the Pink Horse* as Pancho
* 1948 – Template:Country data Puerto Rico José Ferrer for *Joan of Arc* as The Dauphin, Charles VII
* **1952** – Template:Country data Mexico **Anthony Quinn** for ***Viva Zapata!*** as **Eufemio Zapata**
* **1956** – Template:Country data Mexico **Anthony Quinn** for ***Lust for Life*** as **Paul Gauguin** (**2** of **2**)
* 1990 – Template:Country data Cuba/ Andy García for *The Godfather Part III* as Vincent Corleone
* **2000** – Template:Country data Puerto Rico **Benicio del Toro** for ***Traffic*** as **Javier Rodriguez**
* 2000 – Template:Country data Puerto Rico/ Joaquin Phoenix for *Gladiator* as Commodus
* 2003 – Template:Country data Puerto Rico Benicio del Toro for *21 Grams* as Jack Jordan (1 of **2**)
* **2007** – Template:Country data Spain **Javier Bardem** for ***No Country for Old Men*** as **Anton Chigurh**

### Indigenous nominees

Two indigenous actors have been nominated in this category.

* 1970 – Template:Country data Canada (Coast Salish – Indigenous Canadian) Chief Dan George for *Little Big Man* as Old Lodge Skins
* 1990 – Template:Country data Canada (Oneida – Indigenous Canadian) Graham Greene for *Dances With Wolves* as Kicking Bird

### Oceanic nominees/winners

Two Oceanic actors have been nominated a total of three times in this category, and one actor has won this award.

* 1998 –  Geoffrey Rush for *Shakespeare in Love* as Philip Henslowe
* **2008** –  **Heath Ledger** for ***The Dark Knight*** as **The Joker** **†**
* 2010 –  Geoffrey Rush for *The King's Speech* as Lionel Logue (0 of **2**)

### LGBTQ nominees/winners

Seven LGBTQ actors have been nominated a total of nine times in this category, and three actors have won this award (with three gay actors having won).

* 1955 – Sal Mineo (Bisexual) for *Rebel Without a Cause* as John "Plato" Crawford
* 1960 – Sal Mineo (Bisexual) for *Exodus* as Dov Landau (0 of **2**)
* 1964 – John Gielgud (Gay) for *Becket* as King Louis VII of France
* **1972** – **Joel Grey** (**Gay**) for ***Cabaret*** as **Master of Ceremonies**
* **1981** – **John Gielgud** (**Gay**) for ***Arthur*** as **Hobson** (**1** of **2**)
* 1989 – Marlon Brando (Bisexual) for *A Dry White Season* as Ian McKenzie
* 1992 – Jaye Davidson (Gay) for *The Crying Game* as Dil
* **1995** – **Kevin Spacey** (**Gay**) for ***The Usual Suspects*** as **Roger "Verbal" Kint**
* 2001 – Ian McKellen (Gay) for *The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring* as Gandalf

### Non-English language nominees/winners

Seven actors with non-English performances have been nominated a total of seven times in this category, and four actors have won this award (with Italian performances winning twice).

* **1970** – Template:Country data UK (**British Sign Language**) **John Mills** for ***Ryan's Daughter*** as Michael
* **1974** – Template:Country data Italy (**Italian**) **Robert De Niro** for ***The Godfather Part II*** as **Vito Corleone**
* 1990 –  (Lakota) Graham Greene for *Dances With Wolves* as Kicking Bird
* **2000** – Template:Country data Spain (**Spanish**) **Benicio del Toro** for ***Traffic*** as **Javier Rodriguez**
* **2009** – Template:Country data Germany/Template:Country data France/Template:Country data Italy (**German**/**French**/**Italian**) **Christoph Waltz** for ***Inglourious Basterds*** as ***Standartenführer* Hans "The Jew Hunter" Landa**
* 2013 – Template:Country data Somalia (Somali) Barkhad Abdi for *Captain Phillips* as Abduwali Muse
* 2020 –  (American Sign Language) Paul Raci for *Sound of Metal* as Joe

## See also

* All Academy Award acting nominees
* List of awards for supporting actor

## Notes

**A**(Scott): George C. Scott refused his nomination.

## References

1. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"Rule One: Award Definitions" (PDF). Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). p. 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 21, 2014. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
2. ↑ Template:Harvnb
3. ↑ Template:Harvnb
4. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"Rule Six: Special Rules for the Acting Awards" (PDF). Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). p. 8-7. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 21, 2014. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
Template:Harvnb
6. ↑ The 9th Academy Awards (1937) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
7. ↑ The 10th Academy Awards (1938) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
8. ↑ The 11th Academy Awards (1939) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
9. ↑ The 12th Academy Awards (1940) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
10. ↑ The 13th Academy Awards (1941) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
11. ↑ The 14th Academy Awards (1942) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
12. ↑ The 15th Academy Awards (1943) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
13. ↑ The 16th Academy Awards (1944) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
14. ↑ The 17th Academy Awards (1945) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
15. ↑ The 18th Academy Awards (1946) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
16. ↑ The 19th Academy Awards (1947) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
17. ↑ The 20th Academy Awards (1948) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
18. ↑ The 21st Academy Awards (1949) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
19. ↑ The 22nd Academy Awards (1950) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
20. ↑ The 23rd Academy Awards (1951) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
21. ↑ The 24th Academy Awards (1952) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
22. ↑ The 25th Academy Awards (1953) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
23. ↑ The 26th Academy Awards (1954) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
24. ↑ The 27th Academy Awards (1955) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
25. ↑ The 28th Academy Awards (1956) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
26. ↑ The 29th Academy Awards (1957) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
27. ↑ The 30th Academy Awards (1958) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
28. ↑ The 31st Academy Awards (1959) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
29. ↑ The 32nd Academy Awards (1960) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
30. ↑ The 33rd Academy Awards (1961) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
31. ↑ The 34th Academy Awards (1962) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
32. ↑ The 35th Academy Awards (1963) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
33. ↑ The 36th Academy Awards (1964) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
34. ↑ The 37th Academy Awards (1965) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
35. ↑ The 38th Academy Awards (1966) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
36. ↑ The 39th Academy Awards (1967) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
37. ↑ The 40th Academy Awards (1968) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
38. ↑ The 41st Academy Awards (1969) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
39. ↑ The 42nd Academy Awards (1970) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
40. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>O'Neil, Tom (October 8, 2008). "Can Frank Langella win an Oscar and a Tony in the same year too?". *Los Angeles Times*. Archived from the original on May 18, 2015. Retrieved May 8, 2015.
41. ↑ The 43rd Academy Awards (1971) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
42. ↑ The 44th Academy Awards (1972) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
43. ↑ The 45th Academy Awards (1973) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
44. ↑ The 46th Academy Awards (1974) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
45. ↑ The 47th Academy Awards (1975) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
46. ↑ The 48th Academy Awards (1976) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
47. ↑ The 49th Academy Awards (1977) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
48. ↑ The 50th Academy Awards (1978) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
49. ↑ The 51st Academy Awards (1979) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
50. ↑ The 52nd Academy Awards (1980) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
51. ↑ Template:Harvnb
52. ↑ The 53rd Academy Awards (1981) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
53. ↑ The 54th Academy Awards (1982) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
54. ↑ The 55th Academy Awards (1983) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
55. ↑ The 56th Academy Awards (1984) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
56. ↑ The 57th Academy Awards (1985) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
57. ↑ The 58th Academy Awards (1986) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
58. ↑ The 59th Academy Awards (1987) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
59. ↑ The 60th Academy Awards (1988) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
60. ↑ The 61st Academy Awards (1989) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
61. ↑ The 62nd Academy Awards (1990) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
62. ↑ The 63rd Academy Awards (1991) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
63. ↑ The 64th Academy Awards (1992) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
64. ↑ The 65th Academy Awards (1993) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
65. ↑ The 66th Academy Awards (1994) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
66. ↑ The 67th Academy Awards (1995) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
67. ↑ The 68th Academy Awards (1996) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
68. ↑ The 69th Academy Awards (1997) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
69. ↑ The 70th Academy Awards (1998) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
70. ↑ The 71st Academy Awards (1999) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
71. ↑ The 72nd Academy Awards (2000) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
72. ↑ Template:Harvnb
73. ↑ The 73rd Academy Awards (2001) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
74. ↑ The 74th Academy Awards (2002) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
75. ↑ The 75th Academy Awards (2003) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
76. ↑ The 76th Academy Awards (2004) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
77. ↑ The 77th Academy Awards (2005) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
78. ↑ The 78th Academy Awards (2006) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
79. ↑ The 79th Academy Awards (2007) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
80. ↑ The 80th Academy Awards (2008) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
81. ↑ The 81st Academy Awards (2009) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
82. ↑ The 82nd Academy Awards (2010) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
83. ↑ The 83rd Academy Awards (2011) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
84. ↑ The 84th Academy Awards (2012) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
85. ↑ The 85th Academy Awards (2013) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
86. ↑ The 86th Academy Awards (2014) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
87. ↑ The 87th Academy Awards (2015) Nominees and Winners. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
88. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 88th Academy Awards (2016) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on January 25, 2016. Retrieved January 14, 2016.
89. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 89th Academy Awards (2017) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on March 3, 2017. Retrieved January 14, 2017.
90. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 90th Academy Awards (2018) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Retrieved March 4, 2018.
91. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 90th Academy Awards (2019) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Retrieved February 25, 2019.
92. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 92nd Academy Awards (2020) Nominees". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Retrieved January 13, 2020.
93. ↑ The eligibility period for the 93rd ceremony was extended through to February 28, 2021, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
94. ↑ Complete list of nominees for the 93rd Academy Awards. *ABC News* (March 15, 2021).
95. ↑ 95.0 95.1 95.2 95.3 <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"Oldest/Youngest Acting Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on March 1, 2009. Retrieved May 17, 2015.
96. ↑ Template:Harvnb

## Bibliography

* Crouse, Richard (2005). *Reel Winners: Movie Award Trivia*. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-1-55002-574-3. https://archive.org/details/reelwinnersmovie0000crou.
* Template:Citation
* Template:Citation

## External links

* Oscars.org (official Academy website)
* The Academy Awards Database (official website)
* Oscar.com (official ceremony promotional website)