2005 Atlantic hurricane season

**2005 Atlantic hurricane season**
 **Total damage** | ~$158.9 billion (2005 USD)

The **2005 Atlantic hurricane season** was a hyperactive Atlantic hurricane season that was the most active on record. It featured a total of 31 tropical cyclones, 28 named storms, 15 hurricanes, and 7 major hurricanes. The extreme activity in this season was attributed to very warm sea surface temperatures in the Atlantic basin, although a neutral ENSO pattern prevailed in the Pacific Ocean.

## Storms

### Tropical Storm Arlene

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Arlene made landfall on the Florida Panhandle just west of Pensacola, causing minimal damage.

### Tropical Storm Bret

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Short-lived Tropical Storm Bret made landfall near Tuxpan, Mexico, causing floods and one death in the state of Veracruz.

### Hurricane Cindy

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Cindy was a relatively short-lived tropical cyclone. A post-storm reanalysis indicates Cindy was a category 1 hurricane just offshore and while making landfall along the southeastern coast of Louisiana. The hurricane produced heavy rainfall across coastal areas of southeastern Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama, and caused minor wind damage in the New Orleans metropolitan area. Cindy was also the first of five named tropical cyclones that developed during an unusually active month of July. The post-storm reanalysis upgrade of Cindy to hurricane status means 15 Atlantic basin hurricanes occurred in 2005, a new record for a year.

### Hurricane Dennis

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Hurricane Dennis was an unusually strong July major hurricane that left a trail of destruction from the Caribbean Sea to the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico.

### Hurricane Emily

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Emily was briefly a category 5 hurricane (on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale) in the Caribbean Sea that, at lesser intensities, struck Grenada, resort communities on Cozumel and the Yucatan Peninsula, and northeastern Mexico just south of the Texas border. Emily is the earliest-forming category 5 hurricane on record in the Atlantic basin and the only known hurricane of that strength to occur during the month of July.

### Tropical Storm Franklin

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Franklin moved erratically over the western Atlantic between Bermuda and North America without significant impacts on land.

### Tropical Storm Gert

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Tropical Storm Gert made landfall over eastern Mexico bringing heavy rains.

### Tropical Storm Harvey

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Harvey spent almost a week as a tropical storm over the northwestern Atlantic Ocean. Its center passed near Bermuda and the storm brought tropical storm conditions to that island but with minimal impacts.

### Hurricane Irene

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Hurricane Irene was a long-lived Cape Verde tropical cyclone that remained over the open Atlantic Ocean throughout its lifetime and became a Category 2 hurricane (on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale) when it was located well to the north of Bermuda.

### Tropical Depression Ten

 Duration
 Peak intensity

### Tropical Storm Jose

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Jose was a short-lived tropical storm that brought heavy rains to eastern Mexico, triggering floods and landslides that killed six people.

### Hurricane Katrina

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Katrina was an extraordinarily powerful and deadly hurricane that carved a wide swath of catastrophic damage and inflicted large loss of life. It was the costliest and one of the five deadliest hurricanes to ever strike the United States. Katrina first caused fatalities and damage in southern Florida as a Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. After reaching Category 5 intensity over the central Gulf of Mexico, Katrina weakened to Category 3 before making landfall on the northern Gulf coast. Even so, the damage and loss of life inflicted by this massive hurricane in Louisiana and Mississippi were staggering, with significant effects extending into the Florida panhandle, Georgia, and Alabama. Considering the scope of its impacts, Katrina was one of the most devastating natural disasters in United States history.

### Tropical Storm Lee

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Lee was a tropical storm over the open Atlantic for a short period of time.

### Hurricane Maria

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Maria was briefly a major hurricane, but it remained well out at sea.

### Hurricane Nate

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Nate was a category 1 hurricane (on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale) that briefly
threatened Bermuda before merging with an extratropical low pressure system over the central Atlantic Ocean.

### Hurricane Ophelia

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Hurricane Ophelia was a category 1 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale that brushed the North Carolina Outer Banks, its center staying just offshore from that coast. The storm’s erratic and slow movement in the vicinity of the North Carolina coastline was similar to Hurricanes Bonnie in August 1998 and Dennis in August 1999.

### Hurricane Philippe

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Hurricane Philippe was a category 1 hurricane (on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale) that is notable for a drawn-out dissipation within the circulation of a large non-tropical low.

### Hurricane Rita

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Rita was an intense hurricane that reached Category 5 strength (on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale) over the central Gulf of Mexico, where it had the fourth-lowest central pressure on record in the Atlantic basin. Although it weakened prior to making landfall as a Category 3 hurricane near the Texas/Louisiana border, Rita produced significant storm surge that devastated coastal communities in southwestern Louisiana, and its winds, rain, and tornadoes caused fatalities and a wide swath of damage from eastern Texas to Alabama. Additionally, Rita caused floods due to storm surge in portions of the Florida Keys.

### Tropical Depression Nineteen

 Duration
 Peak intensity

### Hurricane Stan

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Stan was associated with disastrous inland flooding across portions of Central America and Mexico, and some estimates of the death toll are as high as 2000. However, not all of these deaths can be directly attributed to Stan.

### Unnamed Subtropical Storm

 Duration
 Peak intensity

As part of its routine post-season review, the Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center (TPC/NHC) on rare occasions identifies from new data or meteorological interpretation a previously unnoted tropical or subtropical cyclone. The TPC/NHC re analysis of 2005 has revealed a short-lived subtropical storm near the Azores Islands, which increases the record count of tropical/subtropical storms during 2005 to 28.

### Tropical Storm Tammy

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Tammy was a short-lived tropical storm that developed from a complex interaction between a vigorous tropical wave and an upper-level trough. The cyclone made landfall along the northeastern Florida coast and caused only minor damage.

### Subtropical Depression Twenty-Two

 Duration
 Peak intensity

### Hurricane Vince

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Vince was a category 1 hurricane (on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale) that became the first known tropical cyclone to reach the Iberian Peninsula. It also became a hurricane farther east than any other known Atlantic basin tropical cyclone.

### Hurricane Wilma

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Wilma formed and became an extremely intense hurricane over the northwestern Caribbean Sea. It had the all-time lowest central pressure for an Atlantic basin hurricane, and it devastated the northeastern Yucatan Peninsula. Wilma also inflicted extensive damage over southern Florida.

### Tropical Storm Alpha

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Alpha affected Haiti and the Dominican Republic with floods and mudslides that resulted in 26 deaths.

### Hurricane Beta

 Duration
 Peak intensity

After pounding the island of Providencia, Beta struck a sparsely-settled area of Nicaragua with maximum sustained winds near 90 kt.

### Tropical Storm Gamma

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Tropical Storm Gamma was a late season tropical cyclone that produced locally heavy rainfall and floods in Honduras and Belize that caused 37 deaths.

### Tropical Storm Delta

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Delta was a late-season tropical storm of subtropical origin. After losing tropical characteristics, the cyclone caused casualties and storm- to hurricane-force winds in the Canary Islands.

### Hurricane Epsilon

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Epsilon, the 26th named tropical cyclone of the 2005 hurricane season, developed from a non-tropical upper-level area of low pressure in the central subtropical Atlantic, becoming the second tropical cyclone to do so in this area within the span of a week. It was only the sixth hurricane on record in the month of December.

### Tropical Storm Zeta

 Duration
 Peak intensity

Zeta was the 27th and final named storm in the Atlantic during 2005, establishing the record for the most named storms in one year in that basin. It was the second-latest tropical storm to form in the Atlantic basin, only six hours earlier than Hurricane Alice (1954) that also became a tropical storm on 30 December. Zeta and Alice are the only two Atlantic tropical cyclones on record to cross from one calendar year to the next. Zeta spent about one week moving erratically in a general westward direction over the subtropical waters of the central Atlantic, and it did not affect land.

## Storm names

* Bret
* Cindy
* Dennis
* Emily
* Franklin
* Gert
* Irene
* Jose
* Katrina
* Lee
* Maria
* Nate
* Philippe
* Rita
* Stan
* Tammy
* Vince
* Wilma

**Greek Names**

* Beta
* Gamma
* Delta
* Epsilon
* Zeta
* Eta *(unused)*
* Theta *(unused)*
* Kappa *(unused)*
* Lambda *(unused)*
* Mu *(unused)*
* Nu *(unused)*
* Xi *(unused)*
* Omicron *(unused)*
* Pi *(unused)*
* Sigma *(unused)*
* Tau *(unused)*
* Upsilon *(unused)*
* Phi *(unused)*
* Chi *(unused)*
* Psi *(unused)*
* Omega *(unused)*

### **Retirement**

In the spring of 2006, the World Meteorological Organization retired five hurricane names: Dennis, Katrina, Rita, Stan, and Wilma. Their replacements in the 2011 season were Don, Katia, Rina, Sean, and Whitney, respectively.

## References

1. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL012005\_Arlene.pdf
2. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL022005\_Bret.pdf
3. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL032005\_Cindy.pdf
4. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL042005\_Dennis.pdf
5. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL052005\_Emily.pdf
6. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL062005\_Franklin.pdf
7. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL072005\_Gert.pdf
8. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL082005\_Harvey.pdf
9. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL092005\_Irene.pdf
10. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL112005\_Jose.pdf
11. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL122005\_Katrina.pdf
12. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL132005\_Lee.pdf
13. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL142005\_Maria.pdf
14. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL152005\_Nate.pdf
15. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL162005\_Ophelia.pdf
16. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL172005\_Philippe.pdf
17. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL182005\_Rita.pdf
18. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL202005\_Stan.pdf
19. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL212005\_Unnamed.pdf
20. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL222005\_Tammy.pdf
21. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL242005\_Vince.pdf
22. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL252005\_Wilma.pdf
23. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL262005\_Alpha.pdf
24. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL272005\_Beta.pdf
25. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL282005\_Gamma.pdf
26. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL292005\_Delta.pdf
27. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL302005\_Epsilon.pdf
28. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL312005\_Zeta.pdf
29. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List\_of\_storms\_in\_the\_2005\_Atlantic\_hurricane\_season#Retirement