S.J. Res 3 (2017-18)

## Summary

Senate Joint Resolution 3 of the 115th Congress is a resolution sponsored by Senator Richard Shelby, the senior Senator from the State of Alabama. The Resolution is not currently co-sponsored by any Senators. This joint resolution proposes a constitutional amendment prohibiting the total amount of money expended by the United States during a fiscal year from exceeding total revenues received for that fiscal year, excluding revenue from the issuance of bonds, notes, or other obligations of the United States. In addition, the amendment prohibits the total amount of money expended by the United States in any fiscal year from exceeding 20% of the gross domestic product of the United States. Lastly, The restrictions do not apply during a fiscal year in which a declaration of war is in effect, or if three-fifths of each chamber of Congress votes to suspend the restrictions.

## Text

The following text is the current text of the bill from *congress.gov* as referred to The Committee on the Judiciary as of January 26, 2017:

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

January 4, 2017

Mr. Shelby introduced the following joint resolution; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary

**JOINT RESOLUTION**

Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States which requires (except during time of war and subject to suspension by Congress) that the total amount of money expended by the United States during any fiscal year not exceed the amount of certain revenue received by the United States during such fiscal year and not exceed 20 percent of the gross domestic product of the United States during the previous calendar year.

*Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled (two-thirds of each House concurring therein),*That the following article is proposed as an amendment to the Constitution of the United States, which shall be valid to all intents and purposes as part of the Constitution when ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years after the date of its submission by the Congress:

“Article  —

“Section 1. The total amount of money expended by the United States in any fiscal year shall not exceed the total amount of revenue received by the United States during such fiscal year, excluding revenue received from the issuance of bonds, notes, or other obligations of the United States.

“Section 2. The total amount of money expended by the United States in any fiscal year shall not exceed the amount equal to 20 percent of the gross domestic product of the United States during the last calendar year ending before the beginning of such fiscal year.

“Section 3. Sections 1 and 2 of this article shall not apply during any fiscal year during any part of which the United States is at war as declared by Congress under section 8 of article I of the Constitution of the United States.

“Section 4. Sections 1 and 2 of this article may be suspended by a concurrent resolution approved by a three-fifths vote of the Members of each House of Congress. Any suspension of sections 1 and 2 of this article under this section shall be effective only during the fiscal year during which such suspension is approved.

“Section 5. This article shall take effect on the first day of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of the adoption of this article.

“Section 6. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.”.

## Actions

On January 4, 2017, Senator Shelby introduced the legislation to the Senate, and it was read twice. After being read twice it was sent by the Senate to the Committee on the Judiciary, where it remains to this day.

## Context

The idea of matching revenues to expenditures has been a major plank of the Republican Party in the 21st century. Since they control both the House and the Senate they are trying to push a Constitutional Amendment that will require this practice to be respected as a permanent part of the United States budgetary function.