Modern Golic Vulcan Grammar Lesson 8

TGV/MGV - Lesson 8

Ba-|Iyi-Gol-Vuhlkansu -- Tupa 8

THE SIMPLE SENTENCE, PART 2

Velik Zhit-Bal - Krus 2

Vocabulary

Zhit-Feim

Refer to the vocabulary used earlier.

Notes

Pitohlar

1. Most True Adjectives in Golic Vulcan have two separate forms:

a. Combining Form -- which is directly affixed to the modified Noun

b. Non-Combining Form -- which is not affixed to the modified Noun

For example:

" Nesh- " is the Combining Form of black, whereas " nesh-kur " is the Non-Combining Form.

" Pi' " is the Combining Form of small, whereas " pi " is the Non-Combining Form.

The student of Golic Vulcan will learn the rules of formation through practice and later lessons.

2. The two forms of adjectives are used differently in Golic Vulcan:

a. Combining Adjectives always prefix the modified noun, which alters its meaning, e.g. "sehlat" is the generic term for the animal, whereas "nesh-sehlat" (black sehlat) is likely a particular species of the sehlat.

Only one Combining Adjective may be attached to nouns; additional modifiers must be Non-Combining.

b. Non-Combining Adjectives may precede or follow the modified noun. The placement of the adjective before or after the word usually affects the meaning, e.g. >nesh-kur sehlat< is translated a black sehlat or the black sehlat, whereas >sehlat nesh-kur< is translated as the sehlat is black.

3. When a noun has a Combining Adjective prefixed, it may have additional Non-Combining Adjectives modifying it. The most important descriptor precedes the affixed noun, while the other adjectives follow it. This has to do with shades of meaning. For example:

>Suk'sehlat nesh-kur< accurately means the big sehlat is black, but

>Nesh-sehlat suk< accurately means the black sehlat is big, and therefore

>Masupik nesh-sehlat suk< means the wet black sehlat is big, and

>Suk'nesh-sehlat masupik< means the big black sehlat is wet.

4. When two or more Non-Combining Adjectives modify a noun, the most important descriptor precedes the noun, while the other adjectives follow it. This has to do with shades of meaning. For example:

>Masupik svep wan-kur< accurately means the wet door is white but could also be translated into Federation Standard English as the white, wet door, and

>Wan-kur svep masupik< accurately means the white door is wet but could also be translated into Federation Standard English as the wet, white door.

Exercise 1

Tusok 1

Translate the following into Federation Standard English:

1. Nesh-kur sehlat. 2. Wan-kur teresh-kah. 3. Suk'Sonok. 4. Pi'T'Luki. 5. Masupik isachya. 6. Samek yon. 7. Toranik le-matya. 8. Wan-kur sehlat masupik. 9. Nesh-kur teresh-kah toranik. 10. Samek isachya masupik. 11. Masupik svep nesh-kur. 12. Nesh-kur sehlat na'wan-kur svep. 13. Masupik teresh-kah fi'nesh-kur solai. 14. Sonok heh T'Luki masupik heh samek. 15. Masupik sehlat na'yon heh toranik teresh-kah fi'solai. 16. Sonok heh T'Luki toranik fi'ar'kadan nash-gad fi'masupik solai.

Exercise 2

Tusok 2

Translate the following into Golic Vulcan:

1. The black le-matya. 2. The white sehlat. 3. Wet hair. 4. Big Sonok. 5. Little T'Luki. 6. The black door. 7. The busy sehlat. 8. The wet black le-matya. 9. The busy white teresh-kah. 10. The cold hair is wet. 11. The wet door is black. 12. The white sehlat is at the black door. 13. The wet le-matya is in the white field. 14. T'Luki and Sonok are wet and cold. 15. The wet sehlat is at the fire and the cold le-matya is in the field. 16. T'Luki and Sonok are busy at work today in the wet field. 17. The white sehlat and the black teresh-kah are at the door.

The student is encouraged to learn further by making new sentences based on words from the dictionaries.