Revivalism

**Revivalism** in architecture is the use of visual styles that consciously echo the style of a previous architectural era.

Modern-day revival styles can be summarized within New Classical Architecture, and sometimes under the umbrella term traditional architecture.

## Revivalist Movements

### Mixed Movements

* Gründerzeit – German historicist architecture of the 2nd half of the 19th century, distinctive style mélange; later variations included, e.g., "Heimatstil"
* Russian Revival architecture – generic term for a number of different movements within Russian architecture that arose in second quarter of the 19th century.
* Historicism or Historism – mixed revivals that can include several older styles, combined with new elements
	+ Neo-Historism – revival of historicist architecture including several revival styles; emerged from Postmodern architecture in the late 1990s
* New Classical Architecture – an umbrella term for modern-day architecture following pre-modernist principles
* Traditionalist School – revival of different regional traditional styles
* Vernacular architecture – umbrella term for regional architecture traditions continuing through the eras, also used and cited in revival architecture
* Indo-Saracenic Revival architecture (revival of Indian architecture and Islamic architecture)

### Preclassical Revival

* Mycenaean Revival architecture (revival of Mycenaean Greek architecture)

### Ancient era Revival

* Egyptian Revival architecture (revival of Ancient Egyptian architecture)
* Indo-Saracenic Revival architecture (revival of Indian architecture and Islamic architecture)
* Neoclassical architecture (revival of Classical architecture)
	+ Federal architecture
	+ Greek Revival architecture (revival of Ancient Greek architecture)
	+ Jeffersonian architecture
	+ Regency architecture
	+ Russian neoclassical revival

### Postclassical Revival

* Byzantine Revival architecture (revival of Byzantine architecture)
	+ Bristol Byzantine
	+ Russo-Byzantine architecture
* Mayan Revival architecture (revival of Maya architecture)

### Medieval Revival

* Romanesque Revival architecture (revival of Romanesque architecture)
	+ Romanesque Revival Architecture in the United Kingdom
	+ Richardsonian Romanesque
* Gothic Revival architecture (revival of Gothic architecture)
	+ Carpenter Gothic
	+ Scots Baronial Style architecture
	+ Neo-Manueline (revival of Manueline)
* Moorish Revival architecture (revival of Moorish architecture)

### Renaissance Revival

* Renaissance Revival architecture (revival of Renaissance architecture)
	+ Italianate architecture
	+ Palazzo style architecture – revival based on Italian Palazzo
	+ Mediterranean Revival architecture (revival of Italian Renaissance architecture)
	+ Palladian Revival architecture (revival of Palladian architecture)
	+ Châteauesque (revival of French Renaissance architecture)
	+ Spanish Revival architecture (revival of Spanish Renaissance architecture)
	+ Jacobethan (revival of Jacobean architecture and Elizabethan architecture)

### Baroque Revival

* Baroque Revival architecture (revival of Baroque architecture)
	+ Dutch Revival architecture (revival of Dutch Baroque architecture)
	+ Spanish Revival architecture (revival of Spanish Baroque architecture)
	+ Edwardian Baroque architecture
	+ Stalinist baroque
	+ Queen Anne Revival architecture

### Modern era Revivals

* Tudor Revival architecture (revival of Tudor Style architecture)
	+ Black-and-white Revival architecture
* Pueblo Revival Style architecture (revival of Puebloan traditional architecture)
* Colonial Revival architecture (revival of American Colonial architecture)
	+ Cape Cod Revival (revival of Cape Cod)
	+ Dutch Colonial Revival architecture (revival of Dutch Colonial architecture)
	+ Georgian Revival architecture (revival of Georgian architecture)
* Mediterranean Revival architecture (revival of Italian Renaissance architecture and Spanish Baroque architecture)
* Spanish Colonial Revival architecture (revival of Spanish Colonial architecture and Churrigueresque style)
	+ Mission Revival Style architecture (revival of Architecture of the California Missions)
* Territorial Revival architecture (revival of Territorial architecture)
* Resort architecture (*Bäderarchitektur*, includes revival elements and adds new stylistic measures)
* Swiss chalet style

## References

* Scott Trafton (2004), *Egypt Land: Race and Nineteenth-Century American Egyptomania*, Duke University Press, p. 142.