Hylotheria

## Taxonomy

Polypodia

Sarcopodia

Neopoda

Osteopoda

Polyschia

Platydontia

Edaphotheria

Eurycheiridae

Lystrocheiridae

Trypanocheiridae

Rhamphodontia

Eurhamphodontia

Acrocheiridae

Panhylotheria

## Immediate subtaxa

Euhylotheria

Thaumatotheriidae

## Description

Hylotheres are one of the major radiations of if acrocheirids after the mass extinction event, adapting in the scramble to fill all the now vacant arboreal niches. Hylotheria together with Thrinaxorhynchidae forms the clade Panhylotheria, a sister clade to Heterognatha which comprises the distropheognathans and procaecoforms. Though the scandopods quickly radiated into a number of these niches, hylotheres still found their places among the zygodendrale forests of the new world.

To compete effectively for arboreal niches, the ancestors of hylotheres developed a unique foot structure among osteopods, with wide pads that grant them greater grip and even to adhere to near vertical surfaces while the tarsal bones hook into trees. Further strengthening this, hylotheres are also defined by their dorsoventrally flattened posterior abdomen that along with the pincer-like gonopods functions as almost as a prehensile tail to allow them to maintain balance and cling to branches.

Hylotheires are extremely diverse in their niches and diets, with thousands of species in various clades feeding on all sorts of available food sources. The nominal group of euhylotheres is Euhylotheridae of which there are the euhylotheriines, the smaller group with narrow, tweezer-like mandibles to probe seeds, nectar, and malacoforms, and the pelecodontids, the larger group that chews on wood. The other notable euhylothere clade is Gyrinotheria, a semi-aquatic clade. A more basal branch of hylotheres diverged from the euhylotheres by becoming so large they could no longer climb trees, evolving into the ancestors of the thaumatotheres.

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												* File:StenopsidaeEvo.pngArchestenopsidae
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 † = Extinct