Amphibians

**Amphibians** are ectothermic, tetrapod vertebrates of the class **Amphibia**. Modern amphibians are all Lissamphibia. They inhabit a wide variety of habitats such as forests, wetlands, rain forests, deserts, volcanoes, coralia reefis and abyssal vale. Frogs are a group of tailless amphibians that are adapted by jumping and swimming in the ponds, polar waters, streams and rivers. they use sticky tongues to catch prey by warping around it and drags it in the mouth. Toads are group of amphibians that have dry, leathery skin with large bumps and short legs that can jump a short distance. They live in dry habitats includes forests, rain forests, swamps, mangroves, and deserts. They have long tongues so they get close to the prey and catches it with a quick flick. Dashers are group of evolved amphibians that have appearance of dinosaur with two legs and spines on the neck. they're adapted to live by the water because they relay on water to keep them moist. They are native in rain forests, wetlands and mangroves. Caecilians are worm-like amphibians. They mostly live hidden in the ground and in stream substrates, they can be found in Desert of the seas, South Americos, Abyssal Vale and asialia. They feed on insects and worms. Their skin is smooth and usually dark, but some species have colorful skins. Inside the skin are calcite scales. The skin also has numerous ring-shaped folds, or annuli, that partially encircle the body, giving them a segmented appearance. Like some other living amphibians, the skin contains glands that secrete a toxin to deter predators. Caecilians' vision is limited to dark-light perception, and their anatomy is highly adapted for a burrowing lifestyle. They have a strong skull, with a pointed snout used to force their way through soil or mud. In most species, the bones in the skull are reduced in number and fused together, and the mouth is recessed under the head. Their muscles are adapted to pushing their way through the ground, with the skeleton and deep muscles acting as a piston inside the skin and outer muscles. This allows the animal to anchor its hind end in position, and force the head forwards, and then pull the rest of the body up to reach it in waves. In water or very loose mud, caecilians instead swim in an eel-like fashion. salamanders and newts are a group of amphibians typically characterized by a lizard-like appearance, with slender bodies, blunt snouts, short limbs projecting at right angles to the body, and the presence of a tail in both larvae and adults. Salamanders rarely have more than four toes on their front legs and five on their rear legs, but some species have fewer digits and others lack hind limbs. Their permeable skin usually makes them reliant on habitats in or near water or other cool, damp places. Some salamander species are fully aquatic throughout their lives (except for Magma Salamander), some take to the water intermittently, and others are entirely terrestrial as adults. They are capable of regenerating lost limbs, as well as other damaged parts of their bodies. The skin of some species contains the powerful poison tetrodotoxin; these salamanders tend to be slow-moving and have bright warning coloration to advertise their toxicity. Salamanders typically lay eggs in water and have aquatic larvae, but great variation occurs in their life cycles. Some species in harsh environments reproduce while still in the larval state. They eat crabs, fish, small mammals, Insects, amphibians, and aquatic insects.Salamanders are not vocal and in most species the sexes look alike, so they use olfactory and tactile cues to identify potential mates, and sexual selection does occur. Pheromones play an important part in the process and may be produced by the abdominal gland in males and by the cloacal glands and skin in both sexes. Males are sometimes to be seen investigating potential mates with their snouts.

## **Lissamphibia**

* **Salientia**
	+ Anura
		- True frogs
			* Bullfrog
			* Spinefrog
			* Dalmation frog
			* Jaguar frog
			* Pokadot frog
		- Dendrobatidae
			* Coro poison dart frog
			* Crimsonblood poison dart frog
			* Purp poison dart frog
			* Suntan poison dart frog
			* Tigerstripe poison dart frog
			* Zebrastripe poison dart frog
			* Iceborne dart frog
		- Rhacophoridae
			* Ruby-eyed treefrog
			* Black-Yellow treefrog
			* Aquablue treefrog
			* Ghostly treefrog
			* Cacti Frog
			* Coralfrog
	+ True Toad
		- Cave Toad
		- Fishtoad
		- Meganesian Toad
		- Shark Toad
		- Stone Toad
		- Chocolate Toad
		- Green Toad
		- Volcanic Toad
* **Caudates**
	+ Urodela
		- Ambystomatidae
			* Snapping Salamander
			* Flame Salamander
			* Bigeye Salamander
			* Vanilla Salamander
			* Magma Salamander
			* Asialian Giant Salamander
			* Tokanese Giant Salamander
			* Meganesian Giant Salamander
		- Pleurodelinae
			* Asialian Newt
			* Medea Newt
			* Orange Newt
			* Prism Newt
			* Gold Newt
* **Gymnophiona**
	+ Caeciliidae
		- Abyssal Caecilian
		- Caecilian
		- Desert Caecilian
		- Jade Caecilian
* **Amphisaurs**
	+ Dashers
		- Jungledasher
		- Mangrovedasher
		- Swampdasher