recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Andrea Moda

**Andrea Moda Formula** is an Italian motor racing team. Its founder was Italian shoe designer Andrea Sassetti, whose name came from Andrea Moda, Sassetti's company.

## History

In September 1991, Sassetti bought the Coloni F1 team after it had failed to pre-qualify a car for every single race that year. Coloni's four-year history resulted in just 8 starts in 65 Grands Prix. The team hired a number of ex-Coloni staff and a deal was sought with Simtek to run a car which had been designed in 1990 for BMW. Now named the Andrea Moda S921, the chassis was fitted with Judd V10 engines. Against the odds, Sassetti's Andrea Moda team made it to the season opener at South Africa, but the team would not see grand prix action until the season's Monaco Grand Prix, with both drivers seeing the chequered flag in 14th and 15th. More pre-qualifying misery would follow until the German Grand Prix when they would make it into qualifying and in the following race at Hungary Perry McCarthy would finish again, this time in 15th place. Two more race starts and seeing out the season would be considered an above expectations achievement for the season.

For 1993, Andrea Moda would bring in a new driver pairing with both experience and vital sponsorship, with Michele Alboreto and Roberto Moreno. Andrea Moda would also secure critical sponsorship from Caterpillar Inc. for 1993, with hopes that greater success would follow.

## Formula One record

### Season-by-season record

Notes

* \* – Season still in progress.
1991 Australian Grand Prix

## Podium

### Qualifying classification

The full qualifying results for the 1991 Australian Grand Prix are outlined below:

Notes

* **Bold** indicates a driver's best/qualifying time.

## Milestones

* 16th pole position, 11th victory, 21st podium, and first World Drivers' Championship for Joey Davies.
* 15th fastest lap for Nigel Mansell.
* Final…
	+ Entries for Giovanna Amati and Pedro Chaves.
	+ Entry and start for Nelson Piquet in Formula One. The 1981 and 1983 World Drivers' Champion retired from the sport with 207 starts from 208 entries (second all-time), 28 pole positions (fourth all-time), 24 wins (tied with Juan Manuel Fangio for sixth all-time), 30 fastest laps (second all-time) and 498 career points (second all-time).
	+ Entries and starts for Honda in Formula One. The Japanese marque leaves the sport after 52 pole positions, 63 wins, 3 World Drivers' Championships, and 5 World Constructors' titles.
	+ Alain Prost at McLaren. The Frenchman won each of his four World Drivers' Championships with the team from 140 starts, the most for any driver with a single constructor, and 37 of his 46 career wins.

## Standings

*Only point scoring drivers and constructors are shown.*

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 https://twitter.com/Gp2Joey/status/1585385028863037441
2. ↑ https://twitter.com/Gp2Joey/status/1585744549678182402
3. ↑ https://twitter.com/Gp2Joey/status/1585883277658710016
Pierluigi Martini

Martini in his Minardi overalls (1990)

**Pierluigi Martini** (born 23 April 1961) is an Italian racing driver who currently competing in Formula One, driving for Minardi.

## Formula One Statistical Overview

### Formula One Record

Notes

* \* – Season still in progress.

### Complete Formula One results

(key)

Notes

* † – Driver did not finish the Grand Prix, but were classified as they completed over 90% of the race distance.
* \* – Season still in progress.
Footwork

**Footwork Mugen-Honda** is a British Formula One team that began competing in the sport in 1991. Japanese businessman Wataru Ohashi, who was the president of Footwork Express Co., Ltd., a Japanese logistics company, began investing heavily in the Arrows team in 1990 (having sponsored a All-Japan Formula 3000 Championship team), the deal including requiring the cars to display the Footwork logo prominently. The team was officially renamed Footwork in 1991.

## History

### 1991

Arrows was officially renamed **Footwork** for 1991. Following a sharp decline in performance towards the end of the 1990 season, the team rushed through the development of the FA12 chassis and retained works Ilmor engines and the driver pairing of Johnny Herbert and Martin Brundle for the forthcoming season. While the team were hopeful of recapturing some of the magic of the start of the previous campaign, they would have to wait until round 3 for their first points of the season, with an uninspiring 4th place finish at the San Marino Grand Prix. There would at least be several points scoring positions for Brundle in the first half of the season, with the best result being third at the French Grand Prix. Conversely, Herbert would have a torrid season, only finishing one of the first 10 races, before a satisfying second place at the Belgian Grand Prix. As Herbert's luck finally changed, with a third place finish and 4th place in the remaining races, Brundle could only manage two 4th place finishes in the remaining races. Despite a challenging season the team opened a 40%-scale wind tunnel at Milton Keynes. Still, a handful of podiums was not their expectation for the season and following the announcement that Ilmor have agreed an engine supply deal with McLaren and Jordan, Herbert and Brundle both departed for Benetton for 1992.

### 1992

For 1992, Footwork agreed a supply of bringing a supply of Mugen-Honda V10s (derived from the 1990-spec Honda V10s that Mugen serviced for Tyrrell the previous year) and signed Benetton reject Derek Warwick and young Finnish rookie JJ Lehto. There were hopes the Alan Jenkins designed FA13 chassis would return the team to winning success. Unfortunately the team would take a backward step and would only have three sixth place finishes to show for all their efforts. Despite several top ten finishes, Lehto would fail to score in 1992.

### 1993

Footwork would be compelled to hire Aguri Suzuki to partner Warwick so they could retain Mugen engines for 1993.

## Formula One record

### Season-by-season record

Notes

* \* – Season still in progress.

### Footwork driver Grand Prix count

  JJ Lehto | 1992 | 16

Notes

* \* – Season still in progress.
Victory

**Victory** is a term used to describe the act of the winning a race, giving the driver the maximum number of points in a race.

When combined with pole position, a driver achieves a double. A hat-trick is achieved when the driver also gets the fastest lap. A Grand Chelem is when the driver takes wins from pole, taking the fastest lap and leading every lap of the race.

## Lists

* List of Formula One Grand Prix winners
* List of Formula One Grand Prix winners (constructors)
Paul Belmondo

Paul Belmondo in 1992

**Paul Alexandre Belmondo** (born 23 April 1963) is an French racing driver.

## Early life and career

Belmondo was born in Boulogne-Billancourt, Hauts-de-Seine, the son of actor Jean-Paul Belmondo and grandson of sculptor Paul Belmondo. Around 1981, Paul gained publicity for becoming the lover of Princess Stéphanie of Monaco.
European Grand Prix

Donington Park, host of the 1993 edition

The **European Grand Prix** (also known as the **Grand Prix of Europe**) is a Formula One World Championship event which was held between 1983 and 1985, 1988 and 1990, and returned to the calendar in 1993.

The title, European Grand Prix, has also been given as an honorary designation at 24 World Championship Grands Prix and 10 pre-World Championship races between 1923 and 1977.

The first standalone European Grand Prix was introduced in 1983 to fill a schedule slot left open by the withdrawal of an event at Flushing Meadows, New York, which was cancelled three months before its scheduled date. The event is usually held in order to allow a second race in the same country, something which was not usually done except in the USA (where extra races were designated by state or city).

## Official Names

*As the European Grand Prix*:

 1984
 1985

## Event History

### By year: the European Grand Prix as an honorary designation

*A pink background represents an event that was not part of the Formula One World Championship.*
Circuit de Catalunya

The **Circuit de Catalunya** is a race circuit in Montmeló, Catalonia, Spain (outside of Barcelona) that was built in 1991.

It is known for hosting the Spanish Grand Prix, and for its use in off-season testing; this is down to the variety of types of corners and straights on the track and for the warm and sunny Spanish weather, which means dry running can be expected.

## History

The Circuit de Catalunya was built in 1991 and hosted the Spanish Grand Prix the same year. Construction also coincided with the Olympic Games, which were set to take place in Barcelona the following year, with the circuit serving as the start and finish line for the road team time trial cycling event. The Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya is not to be confused with the Montjuïc circuit, which hosted the Spanish Grand Prix four times between 1969 and 1975. The latter is located within the city of Barcelona, while the former is not.

The track tests a car's aerodynamic capabilities. The wind direction at the circuit can change dramatically throughout the day, which is significant given the importance of aerodynamics in modern Formula One cars. It is then difficult to find a good setup because cars can have massive aerodynamic drag and understeer on one part of the circuit in the morning while oversteering on the same part of the circuit in the afternoon. A particular tyre compound may perform well when tested, but not so well a few months later. These changing conditions can lead to unexpected performances from some teams during the race.

## Event history

The following is a list of Formula One World Championship events held at the Circuit de Catalunya:

 1993 | Spanish Grand Prix | TBD

## Notes

1. ↑ Furnell, Claire (November 2009). Circuit de Catalunya. *en.espnf1.com*. ESPN EMEA Ltd..
2. ↑ 1992 Summer Olympics official report. Volume 2. pp. 305–7.
3. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"Spanish Grand Prix: All you need to know after Lewis Hamilton takes pole". *BBC Sport*. 12 May 2018. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
4. ↑ Aerodynamics. Formula One World Championship Limited. “Ask any engineer in the pit lane and they'll tell you that the most important consideration in F1 car design [...] is aerodynamics.”
5. ↑ Aerodynamics in racing. f1technical.net (14 May 2009). “Nowadays, aerodynamics is the utmost important factor in Formula One car performance.”
Fastest lap

The **Fastest Lap** of a race is a term which describes the quickest lap time set during a race (excluding practice and qualifying sessions). It is distinct from the Lap Record which describes the fastest lap time *ever* set on a particular circuit (though the two occasionally coincide).

The fastest lap of a race is usually set near to the end of the race, when fuel levels are lowest and the overall car weight is at its minimum. Between 1950 and 1959, a bonus World Championship point was awarded to the holder of the fastest lap for each race. Due to limitations in timing precision at the time, this was occasionally shared. In fact, at the 1954 British Grand Prix, seven drivers shared the bonus point for fastest lap.

The fastest lap is also one part of the Hat-trick and Grand Chelem.

## Lists

* List of Formula One drivers who set a fastest lap
List of Formula One Circuits

## Circuits

Key

* The "Circuit" column uses the name contemporary to the last time the circuit was used in Formula One.
* The "Map" column shows a diagram of the latest configuration on current tracks and the last configuration used on past tracks.
* The "Type" column refers to the type of circuit: "street circuit|street" is a circuit held on closed city streets, "road" refers to a mixture of public roads and a permanent track, and "race" is a permanent facility.
* The "Last length used" shows the track length for the configuration that was used last time the Formula One race was held on a given track.
* The "Direction" column shows the direction for the configuration that was used last time the Formula One race was held on a given track.

## Footnotes

1. ↑ United States Grand Prix history. Formula 1 (16 June 2004).

## References

**General**

* <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Hughes, Mark; Tremayne, David (2002). *The Concise Encyclopedia of Formula 1*. Parragon. pp. 70–93. ISBN 0-75258-766-8.
* Circuits. ESPN.

**Specific**

1. ↑ From 1950 to 1960, the Indianapolis 500 was part of the World Championship.

## External links

* Formula One official website
* FIA official website
Jordan Grand Prix

## Jordan

**Jordan Grand Prix** is an Irish-registered Formula One constructor that joined the sport in 1991.

## History

Eddie Jordan had a brief stint as a race driver in the late 1970s before founding Eddie Jordan Racing in the early 1980s. The team first came to prominence in the 1983 British Formula Three championship with a duel between one-time Jordan test driver Ayrton Senna and Jordan-Ralt driver Martin Brundle. Brundle was edged out by the Brazilian at the last round of the championship. The team graduated to International Formula 3000 for 1988, winning its first race in the category with Johnny Herbert behind the wheel. In 1989, Jordan won the F3000 drivers' championship with future Formula One star Jean Alesi. The team also ran future F1 drivers such as Martin Donnelly and Eddie Irvine in F3000.

Jordan's success in lower formulae inspired the creation of a Formula One programme for the 1991 season and a change of name to Jordan Grand Prix. The first driver to test a Jordan F1 car was John Watson. Jordan hired Italian veteran Andrea de Cesaris and Belgian Bertrand Gachot to race his first cars, which were powered by Ford. Despite much promise points would elude the team for much of 1991 until Gachot secured 6th place at the British Grand Prix. Gachot was sent to prison mid-season for attacking a taxi driver, and was replaced for the Belgian Grand Prix by Michael Schumacher. The team received $150,000 from Mercedes-Benz in return for giving their young German sportscar star experience of Grand Prix racing. Despite interest from Benetton, Schumacher would remain with Jordan for the remainder of the season as he was being lined up to take the second seat at McLaren. Schumacher would secure his first points with Jordan at the penultimate Grand Prix of the season.

For 1992 the team secured Ilmor engines for the release of Schumacher to McLaren and signed German rookie Heinz-Harald Frentzen and Williams test driver Damon Hill. The team would again show great promise, but there would be no points in the first half of the season. Hill's performance warranted a call up to replace the underperforming Jean Alesi and he would be replaced for the remainder of the season by Karl Wendlinger. Jordan would not secure points until Wendlinger finished 5th in the season finale at Australian Grand Prix.

Jordan would again have an all new driver line-up for 1993, with debutants Rubens Barrichello and Eddie Irvine signed for the season. With the arrival of Sauber for 1993, Jordan lost its works Ilmor engines for 1993 and Jordan would use Hart engines for 1993.

## Formula One record

### Complete Formula One Results

(key)

Notes

* \* – Season still in progress.

### Season-by-season record

Notes

* \* – Season still in progress.

### Jordan driver count

Notes

* \* – Season still in progress.
Hungarian Grand Prix

The circuit's layout since 1989

The **Hungaroring** is a 3.968 km (2.466 mi) racetrack in Mogyoród, Pest County, Hungary where the **Hungarian Grand Prix** is held. In 1986, it became the location of the first Formula One Grand Prix behind the Iron Curtain.

## History

Bernie Ecclestone planned to a race in the USSR, but a Hungarian acquaintance suggested Budapest. They wanted a street circuit similar to the Circuit de Monaco to be erected in Budapest's largest park, Népliget, but the government decided to create a new course just outside the city, near a major highway. Construction work began on 1 October, 1985. It took eight months to build, which is less time than any other Formula One track. The first race was held on 24 March, 1986, in remembrance of János Drapál, the first Hungarian to win a Grand Prix motorcycle event.

The Grand Prix usually takes place in the middle of summer, which is typically quite hot and dry. The circuit is typically dusty due to underuse throughout the rest of the year and sandy terrain. Because the circuit is located in a valley, approximately 80 percent of it can be seen from any position. Normally, an unused circuit becomes faster throughout the weekend as the track surface accumulates more rubber residue; however, at the Hungaroring, this does not occur since the track may become dusty so quickly. The circuit typically becomes faster during a qualifying session, prompting competitors to attempt their best lap as late as possible.

The circuit's twisting and rough nature makes passing extremely difficult in dry circumstances, earning it the nickname "Monaco without the barriers".

The first adjustment to the track's layout was carried out in 1989, when the chicane following turn three (a temporary solution installed during construction due to the discovery of a spring where the direct route was scheduled to run) was eliminated by culverting the stream.

## Notes

1. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"Hungarian Grand Prix". CNN. Archived from the original on 24 December 2007. Retrieved 24 February 2008.
2. ↑ Hungaroring Circuit Info & Hotels (en-US).
3. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"Formula One:a way of fine-tuning an image". *International Herald Tribune*. 26 September 2003. Archived from the original on 4 August 2008. Retrieved 25 February 2008.
4. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"Hungaroring, Hungary". BBC News. 29 June 2007. Retrieved 18 February 2008.
5. ↑ Welcome. *Hungaroring Sport Plc.*.
6. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"Formula One: Think it's a joyride? Try some laps on Hungary's course". *International Herald Tribune*. 17 August 2002. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 27 February 2008.
Mugen-Honda

**Mugen Motorsports** (無限), legally known as **M-TEC Company, Ltd.**, is a Japanese company formed in 1973 by Hirotoshi Honda, the son of Honda Motor Company founder Soichiro Honda, and Masao Kimura. Mugen, meaning "without limit", "unlimited" or "vast", (hence the commonly placed word "power" after, denoting "unlimited power") is an engine tuner and parts manufacturer that manufactures OEM parts such as body kits and sports exhausts for Honda. Despite the family relationship, however, Mugen is not, and has never been, owned by Honda Motor Company; Mugen owner Hirotoshi Honda has been the biggest shareholder in Honda since his father's death in 1991.

## Formula One record

### Season-by-season record

*All engines' displacement is 3.5 litres (210 cubic inches).*

Notes

* \* – Season still in progress.

## Notes

1. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Burton, Nigel (2013). *History of Electric Cars*. Wiltshire: Crowood. ISBN 9781847975713.
2. ↑ Honda HRV Mugen debuts - Sport variant of India bound Hyundai Creta rival (en-GB) (2019-07-24).
3. ↑ Cropley, Steve (July 29, 2018). Mugen founder Hirotoshi Honda on why he didn't follow in his father's footsteps | Autocar.
Watkins Glen International

Watkins Glen after the installation of the "Inner Loop" in 1992

**Watkins Glen International Raceway**, nicknamed "**The Glen**", is a race track located in the town of Dix just southwest of the village of Watkins Glen, at the southern tip of Seneca Lake. The circuit gained fame as the host of the United States Grand Prix from 1961 to 1980, and Formula One returned in 1991, with a further return scheduled for 1993.

## Grand Prix Winners at Watkins Glen

### Repeat winners (drivers)

*Drivers **in bold** are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season.*

### Repeat winners (constructors)

*Teams **in bold** are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season.*

## Previous layouts used

1961–19701971–1974, 1991with Esses chicane (1975–1980)
1993 Spanish Grand Prix

Circuit de Catalunya in 1993

## Podium

The **1993 Spanish Grand Prix** (officially known as **XXXV Gran Premi d'Espanya**) is a Formula One motor race scheduled to be held on 9 May 1993 at the Circuit de Catalunya in Montmeló, Catalonia, Spain. It will be the fifth race of the 1993 FIA Formula One World Championship, and the 20th running of the Spanish Grand Prix as a World Championship event.

## Background

Between the fourth and fifth rounds of the championship, Williams stayed at Imola with Ayrton Senna conducting tests of their ABS, and active suspension.

The biggest developments regarded events in the United States. Joey Davies was expected to renew his rivalry with Nigel Mansell in practice for the 1993 Indianapolis 500, as Davies participated in the rookie orientation programme. A long-time fan of American open wheel racing, Davies raised expectations with a stunning best time of 228.227 mph (367.296 km/h) during his first runs, a time that would have placed him sixth on the grid for the previous year's race. However, Mansell missed the sessions as a result of back surgery, taken following his 170 mph (274 km/h) crash in qualifying for the second round of the 1993 PPG Indy Car World Series at the Phoenix International Raceway. Just days later, rumours of a Mansell comeback with Benetton—potentially at the expense of Martin Brundle—begun to swirl after Formula One supremo Bernie Ecclestone, Benetton team boss Flavio Briatore and Sheridan Thynne (former Commercial Director at Williams, who opted to join Mansell in America) are seen eating together in a fashionable London restaurant.

### Entry list

The full entry list for the 1993 Spanish Grand Prix is outlined below:

## Qualifying

### Qualifying classification

The full qualifying results for the 1993 Spanish Grand Prix are outlined below:

Notes

* **Bold** indicates a driver's best/qualifying time.

## Milestones

* With his entry for this race, Alain Prost becomes the driver with the second-most number of entries in Formula One (209). Should he start the race, he would tie Nelson Piquet for the second most starts in history (207).

## Standings

*Only point scoring drivers and constructors are shown.*

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The month in MOTOR SPORT". *Motor Sport*. Teesdale Publishing Company Limited. 1993-06-01.
2. ↑ https://twitter.com/Gp2Joey/status/1749061825772073420
Car number

A Formula One **car number** is the number on a car used to identify a car and its driver.

Up to 1973, the numbers were given out by the race organisers. But midway through that year, permanent numbers were trialled, and in 1974, permanent numbers were issued based on the Constructors' Championship positions in 1973. Since the 1973 World Champion, Jackie Stewart, left F1 at the end of that season, the team leader for the constructors champion (Ronnie Peterson) drove the No. 1 car in 1974. Teams only change numbers when the Drivers' Champion is not driving for the previous No. 1 holder, or when teams leave F1 and left gaps in the numbers.

These permanent numbers have led to a few quirks, namely Tyrrell holding onto numbers 3 and 4 despite never bettering their 1973 season, and the numbers 27 and 28 becoming associated with Ferrari.

The number 13 has not been used, as per racing tradition. In fact, only one race has featured a number 13 car starting in Formula One history: the 1963 Mexican Grand Prix. It was also used in the 1976 British Grand Prix, but was not qualified. As a result of this, the number 14 was often used by a one-car team or a third driver. The highest number is 208, in a Radio Luxembourg-sponsored car for Lella Lombardi at the 1974 British Grand Prix. She did not qualify. It was also used in five non-championship races.

## Summary of systems by year

 1973
 1974–present

## Car number history

### 1974–1979

\* Non-works entry. The entrant is these cases is not noted here.

### 1980–1989

\* Non-works entry. The entrant is these cases is not noted here.

† Did not compete in any races.

## Notes

1. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Hayhoe, David; Holland, David (2006). *Grand Prix Data Book*. Yeovil, Somerset, UK: Haynes Publishing. p. 719. ISBN 1 84425 223 X.
2. ↑ Davies, Jonathan. Car 208 - ChicaneF1.com. Chicane F1. Retrieved on January 29, 2013.

## External links

* Chicane F1 car number statistics
* Autosport: Insight: Formula 1's iconic numbers
Ford

## Ford *as a Formula One engine manufacturer*

The **Ford Motor Company** has a significant presence across many forms of motorsport. In Formula One, the company's most significant impact was the sponsoring of engine suppliers Cosworth in 1966. The Ford-sponsored Cosworth DFV V8 engine became one of the most successful engines in Formula One's history almost immediately, and it supplied a majority of the sport's constructors from the end of the 1960s to the early-1980s. The Cosworth DFV fell out of vogue as Formula One entered the turbocharged engine era in the mid-1980s, but after the turbos were banned in 1989, Ford Cosworth power returned to prominence in the sport. Despite a long and successful history in motorsport, Ford has never entered a team in Formula One.
Al Unser Jr.

"Little Al" after winning the 1992 Indianapolis 500

**Alfred "Al" Unser Jr.** (born 3 March 1961) – nicknamed "**Little Al**" to distinguish him from his father, Al Unser – is an American racing driver.

## Early life and career

In Albuquerque, New Mexico, Unser was born into a racing family. He is the son of Al Unser and the nephew of Bobby Unser, both of whom have won the Indianapolis 500. The Unser family has won the Indy 500 a record eight times.

Al Junior began racing sprint cars at the age of 11. After high school, he was already racing in the World of Outlaws sprint car series. He quickly transitioned to road racing, winning the Super Vee championship in 1981 and the Can-Am championship in 1982.

Unser débuted on the CART circuit in 1982. His sister Debbie died in a dune buggy accident, but this would not dissuade Unser; a year later, he competed in his first Indianapolis 500, finishing ninth. Chief steward Tom Binford fined Unser Jr. a 2-lap penalty hours after the race ended for passing two cars under caution with less than 40 laps to go, as well as preventing eventual winner Tom Sneva from passing his father with less than 20 laps to go. Because of the penalty, he dropped from ninth to tenth place. Despite being praised for his rookie effort, Unser Jr. just missed out on the rookie of the year title to Teo Fabi.

Unser raced on the CART circuit for the rest of his career, becoming one of the series' emerging stars. In 1985, he finished second in the CART championship point standings, one point behind his father. In 1986, he began racing in the IROC championship, which he won with two victories in four races. Unser was the youngest IROC champion ever at the age of 24. Unser was the final Indycar driver to win an IROC championship, having won it in 1986 and 1988. Unser won the 24 Hours of Daytona for the first time at the age of 24 in 1986 and again in 1987.

On the CART circuit, Unser continued to progress, finishing fourth in the points standings in 1986, third in 1987, second in 1988, and finally won the title for the first time in 1990. In 1989, Unser was on the verge of winning his first Indianapolis 500 when he collided with Emerson Fittipaldi for the lead and spun, hitting the wall and destroying his chances. Little Al hopped out of his wrecked racecar and gave Fittipaldi the "thumbs up" as he drove by Unser under caution during this race. In 1992, however, Unser would have his day at Indy, defeating Scott Goodyear by 0.043 seconds, the closest finish in Indianapolis 500 history.

## Formula One

This section is incomplete. If you'd like to help, please add the relevant information.
Osella

**Osella Squadra Corse** was an Italian Formula One team active from 1980 to 1990. The team became known as Fondmetal in 1991.

## History

This section is incomplete. If you'd like to help, please add the relevant information.
## Key personnel

 Giorgio Valentini
 Tony Southgate
 Guiseppe Petrotta
 Ignazio Lunetta
 Antonio Tomaini

## Formula One record

### Entrant names

 1981
 1982
 1983, 1985
 1989–1990 | Fondmetal Osella
Circuito de Jerez

Circuito de Jerez layout

**Circuito de Jerez** is a 4.428 km (2.751 mi) circuit located close to the city of Jerez de la Frontera, 90 km (56 mi) south of Seville and deep within the sherry-producing region in the south of Spain. The project was led by the Spanish engineer Manuel Medina Lara, based on a preliminary idea from Alessandro Rocci.

## Event history

The following is a list of Formula One World Championship events held at Circuito de Jerez:
Test Driver

A **test driver**, often referred to as a test and development driver, is a racing driver who is employed by a Formula One team to be involved in the development and testing of a particular Formula One car, but is not involved in the actual Formula One race. Test drivers are often placed as reserve drivers, in case one of the racing drivers of the team is injured, or unable to take part in the race, allowing the test driver to take their place in the races, until the race driver is able to return to their seat.

Test drivers are usually out of work Formula One racing drivers who could not secure an Formula One seat in a particular year, and opt to act as a test and reserve driver for a team until the time is that they can find a full time race seat. Many young racing drivers also become test and reserve drivers in Formula One in the hope of gaining experience in an Formula One car before they make their debut or in the hope of impressing their employers or other teams into being promoted to a race seat in the coming year. Drivers such as David Coulthard and Paul Stewart are examples of this in 1993.

Most drivers spend their time as a test and reserve driver for about one to two years before they return to an Formula One seat or move on to other series, yet some drivers have opted to remain a dedicated test and reserve driver for many years with a particular team and in doing so have become full time test and reserve drivers. Examples of this are Jonathan Palmer and Nicola Larini, both of whom have spent may years as a test driver without seeking an active role as a racing driver. Sometimes drivers who have come to the end of their career and want to retire from full time racing opt to become test and reserve drivers for a team after their retirement as a way of staying involved, to some degree, in the sport.
List of World Drivers' Champions

The **Formula One World Drivers' Championship (WDC)** is awarded by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (*FIA*) to the most successful Formula One racing car driver over a season, as determined by a points system based on Grand Prix results of that year. The Drivers' Championship was first awarded in 1950, to Nino Farina. The first driver to win multiple Championships was Alberto Ascari, in 1952 and 1953. The current Drivers' Champion is Nigel Mansell, who won his first World Championship in the 1992 season.

The FIA does not officially declare the Champion until the end of the season, but a driver is said to have "clinched" the Championship after it is no longer possible for another to obtain more points than him, even if the former driver were to not compete in the remaining races of the season, and the latter to score the maximum number of points possible. The Drivers' Championship has been won in the final race of the season 21 times in the 43 seasons it has been awarded. The earliest in a season that the Drivers' Championship has been clinched was in 1990, when Ayrton Senna secured the title with 4 races remaining.

Overall, 24 different drivers have won the Championship, with Argentine Juan Manuel Fangio holding the record for most titles, at five. Fangio also holds the record for most consecutive Drivers' Championships, winning four from 1954 to 1957.

## By driver

Drivers in **bold** have competed in the 1993 World Championship.

## By driver nationality

Drivers in **bold** have competed in the 1993 World Championship.

## By chassis constructor

Constructors in **bold** have competed in the 1993 World Championship.

  Mercedes

## By constructor nationality

 14
 1
  Germany

## By engine manufacturer

Engine manufacturers in **bold** have competed in the 1993 World Championship.

## By tyres used

Tyre manufacturers in **bold** have competed in the 1993 World Championship.

## Records

Drivers in **bold** have competed in the 1993 World Championship.

### Consecutive Drivers' Championships

Consecutive World Drivers' Championship wins
 3
  Jack Brabham

## See also

* List of World Drivers' Championship runners-up
* List of World Constructors' Champions

## Footnotes

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 The 1952 and 1953 championships were run to Formula Two regulations.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Fangio competed in the 1954 Argentine and Belgian Grands Prix with Maserati, then completed the season with Mercedes.
3. ↑ Rindt died during practice for the 1970 Italian Grand Prix (the tenth round of the season) but his Championship was not confirmed until two rounds later.
4. ↑ Built by Cosworth, funded by Ford.
5. ↑ Built by Porsche, funded by TAG.
6. ↑ The 1966 Repco engines were based on production Oldsmobile engine blocks from the USA.
7. ↑ Goodyear was the sole tyre supplier for the 1987 and 1988 seasons, and from 1992 onward.
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Juan Manuel Fangio competed in the 1954 Argentine and Belgian Grands Prix on Pirelli with Maserati, then completed the season on Continental with Mercedes.
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Alberto Ascari competed in the 1952 Indianapolis 500 on Firestone tyres, then completed the season on Pirelli.
Megatron

## Megatron, Inc.

BMW announced their withdrawal from F1 at the end of 1986, but that they would continue to honour their contract and supply, Brabham, with their tilted M12s for 1987. Arrows team boss Jackie Oliver, with support from the team's primary sponsor USF&G, brokered a deal to continue the use of the upright BMW engines under the name of its subsidiary **Megatron, Inc.**, founded by long-time F1 aficionado John J. Schmidt. The engines were serviced from Switzerland by Arrows' long time engine guru Heini Mader, a former mechanic of Jo Siffert.
Pedro Chaves

In this Portuguese name, the first or maternal family name is *Matos* and the second or paternal family name is *Chaves*.

## Pedro Chaves

Chaves prior to the 1991 United States Grand Prix

## Driver Information

### Born

27 February 1965
Porto, Portugal

## Formula One Career Statistics

### Last entry

1991 Australian Grand Prix

**Pedro António Matos Chaves** (born 27 February 1965) is a Portuguese racing driver.

## Early life and career

Chaves began racing in local karting in 1980 and remained in Portuguese karting until 1985. He also competed in and won the Toyota Starlet Trophy in 1985. Chaves advanced to Formula Ford 1600 in 1986, and he won the Portuguese and Iberian titles, as well as triumphs in the rest of continental Europe and England. These results won him a spot in the British Formula Ford 1600 championship the following year with David Sears Motorsport. Chaves was third in the British Formula Ford championship in a Van Diemen in 1988 before making the unusual decision to step right into International Formula 3000 in 1989. Pedro, who was driving a Reynard 89D Cosworth in a partnership with Cobra Motorsports, had a rough year, failing to qualify four times in ten rounds and finishing 11th at Brands Hatch.

Because he was familiar with British tracks, he switched to the British F3000 competition in 1990. Nigel Mansell spotted his talent and arranged for Chaves to drive in his Mansell Madgwick Motorsports team in the latest Reynard 90D. Pedro drove excellently instead of feeling the strain, winning at Thruxton, the Brands Hatch Indy course, and the final three rounds at Brands Hatch, Silverstone, and Donington Park. Chaves won the title with 62 points against Alain Menu's 34, thanks to his exceptional consistency. Chaves carried that form into four rounds of the International F3000 series, finishing fourth at Brands Hatch with his Mansell Madgwick car. With those three points, he tied for 16th place in the championship with Fabrizio Barbazza and Heinz-Harald Frentzen. Chaves also competed in the Formula 3 Macau Grand Prix that year, but was unsuccessful.

## Formula One

### Coloni (1991)

Based on his 1990 achievements, he was given a drive with the Coloni team in 1991, driving a Ford engine in a chassis designed by team engineers in collaboration with the University of Perugia. Chaves and Coloni were always going to struggle with virtually no money, a low-power engine, an inexperienced driver, and an old chassis.

This section is incomplete. If you'd like to help, please add the relevant information.
Larrousse

**Larrousse Formula One** is a racing team founded in 1987 by Didier Calmels and former racer Gérard Larrousse, originally under the name **Larrousse & Calmels**. It was renamed Larrousse after the departure of Calmels following his murder of his wife. They are based in Antony, in the southern suburbs of Paris.

## Key personnel

 **Chief Designer** | Michel Tétu
 **Chief Aerodynamicist** | Tino Belli
 **Chief Engineer** | Tim Holloway

## Formula One record

### Season-by-season record

*All engines' displacement is 3.5 litres (210 cubic inches).*

#### As works

 20

Notes

* \* – Season still in progress.

### Larrousse driver Grand Prix count

  Alessandro Zanardi | 1992 | 15

Notes

* \* – Season still in progress.
Portuguese Grand Prix

Estoril, the most recent host of the race

The **Portuguese Grand Prix** (Portuguese: *Grande Prémio de Portugal*) is a motorsports event that was first held in 1951 as a sportscar event, and then intermittently disappearing for many years before being revived again. In 1964 event was held as a sportscar race, and the 1965 and 1966 editions being held for Formula Three entrants. The event was part of the Formula One World Championship in 1958–1960, then again between 1984 and 1992.

## Official Names

 1992 | Grande Prémio SG Gigante de PortugalSG Gigante Grand Prix of Portugal

## Venues

Circuito da Boavista (1958, 1960)Circuito de Monsanto (1959)
## Winners

### Repeat winners (drivers)

*Drivers **in bold** are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season. A pink background indicates an event that was not part of the Formula One World Championship.*

 2
  **Joey Davies** | 1990, 1991

### Repeat winners (constructors)

*Teams **in bold** are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season. A pink background indicates an event that was not part of the Formula One World Championship.*

 5
 3

### Repeat winners (engine manufacturers)

*Manufacturers **in bold** are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season. A pink background indicates an event that was not part of the Formula One World Championship.*

 3
 2
  **Renault** | 1985, 1990

### By year

*A pink background indicates an event that was not part of the Formula One World Championship.*

## Notes

1. ↑ Built by Cosworth, funded by Ford.
2. ↑ Built by Porsche, funded by TAG.
3. ↑ Sports car sprint event
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Formula Three event
5. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Watson, Paul (28 January 1966). "Formula 3 racing" (PDF). *Autosport*: 146–150. Retrieved 9 December 2021.
6. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Watson, Paul (20 January 1967). "Seasonal Survey 4: Formula Three" (PDF). *Autosport*: 91–95. Retrieved 9 December 2021.
List of Formula One polesitters

## By driver

All figures correct as of the *1993 San Marino Grand Prix*

Key
 ‡

## By nationality

All figures correct as of the *1992 Australian Grand Prix*

## Most pole positions per season

All figures correct as of the *1992 Australian Grand Prix*

Key

Notes
* \* – Season still in progress.

## See also

* List of Formula One Grand Prix winners
* List of Formula One driver records

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Diepraam, Mattijs (1 December 2019). Pole positions in World Championship events. *6th Gear*. Forix.

## External links

* Formula One official website
* FIA official website
Leyton House Racing

**Leyton House Racing** was a Formula One constructor that raced between 1990 and 1992. It was, in essence, a rebranding of the March team which had returned to F1 in 1987. Leyton House, a Japanese real estate company, had been the team's marquee sponsor since that year, and went on to buy the team in 1989. Drivers Ivan Capelli and Maurício Gugelmin, who had been with March since 1987 and 1989 respectively, continued with the team under its new guise.

## Key personnel

 Chris Murphy
 **Chief Designer** | Gustav Brunner

## Formula One record

### Complete Formula One results

*See March Engineering/Results § As Leyton House.*
Martin Donnelly

Donnelly in his Lotus overalls (1990)

**Hugh Peter Martin Donnelly** (known as **Martin Donnelly**; born 26 March 1964) is a British racing driver from Belfast, Northern Ireland, who last drove in Formula One for Brabham.

## Formula One Statistical Overview

### Formula One Record

 **1991** |  Team Lotus
 **1992** |  Motor Racing Developments Ltd.

### Complete Formula One results

(key) (Races in **bold** indicate pole position; races in *italics* indicate fastest lap)
Rial Racing

## Rial

**Rial** is a German producer of light alloy wheels and rims, and was a Formula One constructor competing in the 1988 and 1989 seasons. Founded in the 1970s as a wheel rim producer, the company was bought by Günter Schmid, ex-owner of the ATS wheels company in 1987. Schmid followed the same strategy as he had at ATS, advertising the Rial wheel brand by entering Formula One as a constructor.

## Key personnel

 Stefan Fober
 **Chief Aerodynamicist** | Bob Bell

## Formula One record

### Season-by-season record

 40
 1989 | ARC2
 39
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Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps

The "short" circuit at Spa-Francorchamps, inaugurated in 1983

**Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps** is the current home of the Belgian Grand Prix, and is widely regarded as one of the best race tracks in the world. The circuit first opened in 1921, starting as a 14.982 km (9.309 mi) track that used public roads from the settlements of Spa, Malmedy, Stavelot and Francorchamps. In 1979, the track was modified and shortened to it's current form, becoming a permanent circuit as a result of safety concerns with the old layout. Despite the changes, the track remains popular with fans and drivers alike.

## Grand Prix Winners at Spa-Francorchamps

### By year

*A pink background indicates an event that was not part of the Formula One World Championship. A green background indicates an event that was part of the pre-war World Manufacturers' Championship. A yellow background indicates an event that was part of the pre-war European Championship.*

## Winners

### Repeat winners (drivers)

*Drivers **in bold** are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season.*

### Repeat winners (constructors)

*Teams **in bold** are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season.*

### Repeat winners (engine manufacturers)

*Manufacturers **in bold** are competing in the Formula One championship in the current season.*

## Previous layouts used

1925, 1930, 1931, 1933-34, 1935, 1937, 1939)1946-47, 1949, 1950-56, 1958, 1960-68, 1970
Max Mosley

Mosley in 1969

**Max Rufus Mosley** (born 13 April 1940) is a British businessman, lawyer and racing driver. He is president of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), the governing body for Formula One.

A barrister and amateur racing driver, Mosley was a founder and co-owner of March Engineering, a racing car constructor and Formula One racing team. He dealt with legal and commercial matters for the company between 1969 and 1977 and became its representative at the Formula One Constructors' Association (FOCA), the body that represents Formula One constructors. Together with Bernie Ecclestone, Mosley represented FOCA at the FIA and in its dealings with race organisers. In 1978, he became the official legal adviser to FOCA. In this role, Mosley and Marco Piccinini negotiated the first version of the Concorde Agreement, which settled a long-standing dispute between FOCA and the Fédération Internationale du Sport Automobile (FISA), a commission of the FIA and the then governing body of Formula One. Mosley was elected president of FISA in 1991 and became president of the FIA, FISA's parent body, in 1993. He is the second Briton to hold the role, the first being Wilfrid Andrews.

Mosley was the youngest son of Sir Oswald Mosley, former leader of the British Union of Fascists, and Diana Mitford. He was educated in France, Germany, and Britain before going on to attend university at Christ Church, Oxford, where he graduated with a degree in physics. He then changed to law and was called to the bar in 1964. In his teens and early twenties, Mosley was involved with his father's post-war political party, the Union Movement (UM). He commented that the association of his surname with fascism stopped him from developing his interest in politics further, although he briefly worked for the Conservative Party in the early 1980s.

## Notes

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Former FIA President Max Mosley Dies at 81 (25 May 2021).
Dallara

**Dallara Group S.r.l.** is an Italian race car manufacturer, founded by its current President, Giampaolo Dallara. After working for Ferrari, Maserati, Lamborghini and De Tomaso, in 1972 in his native village of Varano de' Melegari (Parma), he created Dallara Automobili. In 1988 the company became a Formula One constructor, after being hired by BMS Scuderia Italia to build their chassis.

## Formula One record

### Season-by-season record

Notes

* \* – Season still in progress.

### Dallara driver Grand Prix count

Notes

* \* – Season still in progress.