Earth: Sol III

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## Overview

Earth, the cradle of humanity and the origin of the Federated Planets of Earth (FPE), is the third planet in the Sol System and is a vital hub for interstellar politics, trade, and cultural exchange. Known for its diverse ecosystems, vibrant cultures, and storied history, Earth has evolved over the millennia from a collection of warring tribes and city-states to a united planet governed by the FPE. Today, Earth has a population of over 12 billion people and is one of the most prominent planets in the Inner Orion Spur, and the wider Milky Way.

## Astrophysical and Geophysical Characteristics

Earth is a temperate marine terra with a radius of approximately 6,784.14 kilometers and a mass of 5.97 x 10^24 kg. It orbits the Sun at an average distance of 149.6 million kilometers (1 AU) and has am atmosphere comprised primarily of 78.08% nitrogen, 20.95% oyxgen, 0.934% argon and 0.0512% CO2, much higher than average due to the climate crisis of the 21st century. This atmosphere, along with Earth's average temperature of 12.949°C, allows for a stable climate and the development carbon-based life. Earth's diverse ecosystems, ranging from tropical rainforests to arctic tundra, have given rise to a plethora of species, including humans.

## History

The history of Earth is characterized by the rise and fall of countless civilizations, empires, and nations, each contributing to the rich tapestry of human culture and achievement. From the ancient Mesopotamians, Egyptians, and Greeks, to the modern empires of the British, American, and Chinese, Earth's history is a testament to human ingenuity and resilience.

By the mid-21st century, Earth faced numerous global challenges, including climate change, political unrest, and dwindling resources. These challenged spurred on several regional conflicts and brought human society to the brink of nuclear war. These factors, combined with a renewed focus on space exploration and colonisation of Mars, Luna and beyond, created a political crucible for the downfall of the then standing nation states, and the global power structures that maintained them. From this shifiting political climate, the emergence of super-states lead to the enventual revitalisation of international cooperation and in the early 22nd century, the foundation of the Federated Planets of Earth. The FPE brought stability, cooperation, and a shared vision for the future of humanity, culminating in the ambitious interstellar expansion program that defined the 23rd century.

## Culture

Earth's cultural heritage is as diverse as its people, with each region boasting unique customs, languages, and artistic expressions. The global exchange of ideas, facilitated by advanced communication technology and interstellar travel, has resulted in a rich cultural tapestry that continues to evolve and shape humanity's identity across the stars.

From the performing arts of Europe, to the ancient traditions of Asia, the vibrant colors of Latin America, and the unique fusion of cultures in Africa and Oceania, Earth remains a beacon of inspiration and cultural treasure for the entire FPE.

## Governance and Economy

As the founding member of the Federated Planets of Earth, Earth's governance structure is characterized by a balance of regional autonomy and central authority. Individual nations maintain their cultural identity and a limited amount of autonomy while being governed and effective 'states' of the FPE.

Earth's economy is highly diversified, with key sectors including advanced manufacturing, renewable energy, biotechnology, and interstellar trade. As the birthplace of humanity and the seat of the FPE's government, Earth enjoys a prominent position within the interstellar economy, attracting investment, talent, and resources from across the cosmos.