Timeline of The Universe

The **timeline of the universe** outlines the formation and subsequent evolution of the Universe from the Big Bang (13,820,390,625 years ago) to the heat death (102,147,483,647 years from now)

An epoch is a moment in time from which nature or situations change to such a degree that it marks the beginning of a new *era* or *age*

Times on this list are measured from the moment of the Big Bang

## 0 Years to 380,000 Years

### Planck Epoch and Grand Unification Epoch (0 Seconds to 10-36 Seconds)

* June 25, 13,820,390,625 BCE, 11:42:19.924 (CET): The Big Bang is Happened, The Universe Has Been Created by a Extremely Strong Explosions, The Energy of The Big Bang is Around 1070 Joules
* 10-43 Seconds After The Big Bang: Planck epoch begins: earliest meaningful time. The Big Bang occurs in which ordinary space and time develop out of a primeval state (possibly a virtual particle or false vacuum) described by a quantum theory of gravity or "Theory of Everything". All matter and energy of the entire visible universe is contained in a hot, dense point (gravitational singularity), a billionth the size of a nuclear particle. This state has been described as a particle desert. Other than a few scant details, conjecture dominates discussion about the earliest moments of the universe's history since no effective means of testing this far back in space-time is presently available. WIMPS (weakly interacting massive particles) or dark matter and dark energy may have appeared and been the catalyst for the expansion of the singularity. The infant universe cools as it begins expanding outward. It is almost completely smooth, with quantum variations beginning to cause slight variations in density
* 10-43 Seconds After The Big Bang: Grand unification epoch begins: While still at an infinitesimal size, the universe cools down to 1032 kelvin. Gravity separates and begins operating on the universe—the remaining fundamental forces stabilize into the electronuclear force, also known as the Grand Unified Force or Grand Unified Theory (GUT), mediated by (the hypothetical) X and Y bosons which allow early matter at this stage to fluctuate between baryon and lepton states

### Electroweak Epoch (10-36 Seconds to 10-12 Seconds)

* 10-36 Seconds After The Big Bang: Electroweak epoch begins: The Universe cools down to 1028 kelvin. As a result, the strong nuclear force becomes distinct from the electroweak force perhaps fuelling the inflation of the universe. A wide array of exotic elementary particles result from decay of X and Y bosons which include W and Z bosons and Higgs bosons
* 10-33 Seconds After The Big Bang: Space is subjected to inflation, expanding by a factor of the order of 1026 over a time of the order of 10−33 to 10−32 seconds, The universe is supercooled from about 1027 down to 1022 kelvin
* 10-32 Seconds After The Big Bang: Cosmic inflation ends. The familiar elementary particles now form as a soup of hot ionized gas called quark–gluon plasma; hypothetical components of cold dark matter (such as axions) would also have formed at this time

### Quark Epoch (10-12 Seconds to 10-6 Seconds), Hadron Epoch (10-6 Seconds - 1 Seconds), Lepton Epoch (1 Seconds - 10 Seconds) and Photon Epoch (10 Seconds - 47,000 Years)

#### Quark Epoch (10-12 Seconds to 10-6 Seconds)

* 10-12 Seconds After The Big Bang: Electroweak phase transition: the four fundamental interactions familiar from the modern universe now operate as distinct forces. The weak nuclear force is now a short-range force as it separates from electromagnetic force, so matter particles can acquire mass and interact with the Higgs Field. The temperature is still too high for quarks to coalesce into hadrons, and the quark–gluon plasma persists (Quark epoch). The universe cools to 1015 kelvin
* 10-11 Seconds After The Big Bang: Baryogenesis may have taken place with matter gaining the upper hand over anti-matter as baryon to antibaryon constituencies are established

#### Hadron Epoch (10-6 Seconds to 1 Seconds)

* 10-6 Seconds After The Big Bang: Hadron epoch begins: As the universe cools to about 1010 kelvin, a quark-hadron transition takes place in which quarks bind to form more complex particles—hadrons. This quark confinement includes the formation of protons and neutrons (nucleons), the building blocks of atomic nuclei

#### Lepton Epoch (1 Seconds to 10 Seconds)

* 1 Seconds After The Big Bang (June 25, 13,820,390,625 BCE, 11:42:21 (CET)): The universe cools to 109 kelvin. At this temperature, the hadrons and antihadrons annihilate each other, leaving behind leptons and antileptons – possible disappearance of antiquarks. Gravity governs the expansion of the universe: neutrinos decouple from matter creating a cosmic neutrino background

#### Photon Epoch (10 Seconds to 47,000 Years)

* 10 Seconds After The Big Bang (June 25, 13,820,390,625 BCE, 11:42:29.867 (CET)): Photon epoch begins: Most of the leptons and antileptons annihilate each other. As electrons and positrons annihilate, a small number of unmatched electrons are left over – disappearance of the positrons.
* 10 Seconds After The Big Bang (June 25, 13,820,390,625 BCE, 11:42:30.078 (CET)): Universe dominated by photons of radiation – ordinary matter particles are coupled to light and radiation while dark matter particles start building non-linear structures as dark matter halos. Because charged electrons and protons hinder the emission of light, the universe becomes a super-hot glowing fog
* 3 Minutes After The Big Bang (June 25, 13,820,390,625 BCE, 11:45:18 (CET)): Primordial nucleosynthesis: nuclear fusion begins as lithium and heavy hydrogen (deuterium) and helium nuclei form from protons and neutrons
* 20 Minutes After The Big Bang (June 25, 13,820,390,625 BCE, 12:01:47 (CET)): Nuclear fusion ceases: normal matter consists of 75% hydrogen nuclei and 25% helium nuclei – free electrons begin scattering light

### Early-Matter Era (47,000 Years to 380,000 Years)

#### Matter and Radiation Equivalence (47,000 Years to 380,000 Years)

* 46,839 Years After The Big Bang (March 11, 13,820,343,786 BCE, 21:46:27 (CET)): Matter and radiation equivalence: at the beginning of this era, the expansion of the universe was decelerating at a faster rate
* 69,742 Years After The Big Bang (August 27, 13,820,320,883 BCE, 17:28:51 (CET)): Matter domination in Universe: onset of gravitational collapse as the Jeans length at which the smallest structure can form begins to fall
* 378,621 Years After The Big Bang (November 11, 13,820,012,004 BCE, 12:43:19 (CET)): The "Dark Ages" is the period between decoupling, when the universe first becomes transparent, until the formation of the first stars. Recombination: electrons combine with nuclei to form atoms, mostly hydrogen and helium. Distributions of hydrogen and helium at this time remains constant as the electron-baryon plasma thins. The temperature falls to 3000 kelvin. Ordinary matter particles decouple from radiation. The photons present at the time of decoupling are the same photons that we see in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation
* 380,000 Years After The Big Bang (June 25, 13,820,010,625 BCE, 11:42:20 (CET)): End of Early-Matter Era (for Reference)

## 380,000 Years to 1,000,000,000 Years

### Cosmic Dark Age (380,000 Years to 150,000,000 Years)

* 399,210 Years After The Big Bang (April 14, 13,819,991,415 BCE, 03:21:47 (CET)): Density waves begin imprinting characteristic polarization (waves) signals
* 9,216,290-17,482,175 Years After The Big Bang (July 14, 13,811,174,335 BCE, 23:17:39 (CET) to March 17, 13,802,908,449 BCE, 16:29:40 (CET)): The "Dark Ages" span a period during which the temperature of cosmic background radiation cooled from some 4000 K down to about 60 K. The background temperature was between 373 K and 273 K, allowing the possibility of liquid water, during a period of about 7 million years, from about 10 to 17 million after the Big Bang (redshift 137–100). Loeb (2014) speculated that primitive life might in principle have appeared during this window, which he called "the Habitable Epoch of the Early Universe"
* 20,162,719 Years After The Big Bang (June 1, 13,800,227,906 BCE (International Children's Day), 11:37:49 (CET)): HD 140283, The Methuselah Star Formed, a Metal-Poor Subgiant Stars, It's is Oldest Stars in The Universe (Average Star Temperature: 6,127 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 0.814 Solar Masses)

* 36,857,493 Years After The Big Bang (May 17, 13,783,533,132 BCE, 19:06:48 (CET)): BD +17° 3248 Formed, a Metal-Poor Red Giant Stars, It's is Oldest Stars in The Universe (Average Star Temperature: 6,248 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 0.832 Solar Masses)
* 53,305,787 Years After The Big Bang (January 14, 13,767,084,838 BCE, 07:45:03 (CET)): First Undiscovered Star Clusters Formed (Average Star Temperature: 6,863 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 0.957 Solar Masses)
* 79,381,433 Years After The Big Bang (December 19, 13,741,009,192 BCE, 19:25:43 (CET)): Gravitational collapse: ordinary matter particles fall into the structures created by dark matter. Reionization begins: smaller (stars) and larger non-linear structures (quasars) begin to take shape – their ultraviolet light ionizes remaining neutral gas (Average Star Temperature: 9,252 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 1.878 Solar Masses)
* 86,530,762 Years After The Big Bang (November 9, 13,733,859,863 BCE, 15:49:37 (CET)): First stars begin to shine: Because many are Population III stars (some Population II stars are accounted for at this time) they are much bigger and hotter and their life-cycle is fairly short. Unlike later generations of stars, these stars are metal free. As reionization intensifies, photons of light scatter off free protons and electrons – Universe becomes opaque again (Average Star Temperature: 16,670 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 4.085 Solar Masses)
* 100,000,000 Years After The Big Bang (June 25, 13,720,390,625 BCE, 11:42:20 (CET)): First Undiscovered High Mass Stars Formed (Average Star Temperature: 21,878 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 7.842 Solar Masses)
* 120,372,669 Years After The Big Bang (February 4, 13,700,017,956 BCE, 08:27:31 (CET)): First Galaxies Formed (Average Star Temperature: 27,664 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 12.26 Solar Masses)
* 150,000,000 Years After The Big Bang (June 25, 13,670,390,625 BCE, 11:42:20 (CET)): End of Cosmic Dark Age, Begin of Stelliferous Era (Average Star Temperature: 31,180 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 19.24 Solar Masses)

### Reionization Era (150,000,000 Years to 1,000,000,000 Years)

* 187,262,179 Years After The Big Bang (July 14, 13,633,128,446 BCE, 10:48:39 (CET)): Formation of The Star HD 164922, Also known as Oldest Stars With Normal Metallicity (Average Star Temperature: 34,379 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 37.59 Solar Masses)
* 215,477,825 Years After The Big Bang (October 13, 13,604,912,800 BCE, 18:21:43 (CET)): Formation of The Star SMSS J031300.36-670839.3, An Metal-Poor Red Giant Stars or S-type Red Giant Stars (Average Star Temperature: 38,840 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 54.43 Solar Masses)
* 247,319,792 Years After The Big Bang (November 23, 13,573,070,844 BCE, 21:49:37 (CET)): Formation of The Galaxy HD 1 and HD 2, The Furthest Known Galaxies (Average Star Temperature: 40,032 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 63.17 Solar Masses)
* 286,787,326 Years After The Big Bang (April 29, 13,533,603,300 BCE, 05:17:54 (CET)): Formation of The Star HD 221170, An Metal-Poor Red Giant Stars in The Constellation Pegasus (Average Star Temperature: 41,200 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 71.29 Solar Masses)
* 317,192,553 Years After The Big Bang (August 31, 13,503,198,072 BCE, 12:52:49 (CET)): Formation of The Star BPS CS22957-0027 and HE 1219-0312, Both Stars are Red Giant Stars (Average Star Temperature: 43,640 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 85.73 Solar Masses)
* 352,228,691 Years After The Big Bang (March 17, 13,468,161,934 BCE, 06:49:20 (CET)): Formation of The Star SDSS J144730.73+093703.7, An Metal-Poor Stars in The Constellation Bootes (Average Star Temperature: 44,279 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 88.92 Solar Masses)
* 391,887,304 Years After The Big Bang (December 23, 13,428,503,321 BCE, 14:27:53 (CET)): Formation of The Galaxy GN-z11, The Most Distant Galaxy Before The Proto-Galaxy HD 1 and HD 2 Was Discovered (Average Star Temperature: 44,318 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 90.01 Solar Masses)
* 419,001,269 Years After The Big Bang (July 3, 13,401,389,356 BCE, 23:59:59 (CET)): Formation of The Milky Way, Our Home Galaxy Have 350 Billion Stars, Most are Red Dwarf Star (Average Star Temperature: 44,003 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 87.41 Solar Masses)
* 463,767,854 Years After The Big Bang (May 18, 13,356,622,771 BCE, 18:26:51 (CET)): Formation of The Star HE 2327-5642 and HE 0338-3945, Both Stars are Metal-Poor Stars (Average Star Temperature: 43,169 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 84.19 Solar Masses)
* 519,987,216 Years After The Big Bang (August 4, 13,300,403,409 BCE, 08:37:19 (CET)): Formation of The Star HD 196944 and HE 1523-0901, Both Stars are Red Giant Stars (Average Star Temperature: 41,886 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 81.04 Solar Masses)

* 586,103,751 Years After The Big Bang (March 26, 13,234,286,874 BCE, 13:18:47 (CET)): GRB 090423, The Oldest, Devastating Gamma-ray Burst Record Suggests That Supernovas May Have Happened Very Early in The Evolution of The Universe (Average Star Temperature: 40,219 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 78.26 Solar Masses)
* 638,167,819 Years After The Big Bang (June 18, 13,182,222,806 BCE, 21:49:26 (CET)): EGS-zs8-1, The most distant starburst or Lyman-break galaxy observed, Forms, This suggests that galaxy interaction is taking place very early on in The History of The Universe as starburst galaxies are often associated with collisions and galaxy mergers (Average Star Temperature: 39,126 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 73.81 Solar Masses)
* 682,918,317 Years After The Big Bang (September 3, 13,137,472,308 BCE, 16:23:51 (CET)): Formation of The Star HE 0107-5240, HE 1327-2326 and BPS CS29491-0069, Both Stars are Metal-Poor Stars (Average Star Temperature: 39,291 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 71.03 Solar Masses)

* 726,634,186 Years After The Big Bang (March 8, 13,093,756,439 BCE (International Women's Day), 18:33:47 (CET)): Formation of The Star Cluster 47 Tucanae, An Globular Cluster in The Constellation Tucana That Located 15,000 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 39,633 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 67.91 Solar Masses)
* 767,852,621 Years After The Big Bang (November 17, 13,052,538,004 BCE, 07:13:51 (CET)): Formation of The Star SDSS J102915+172927 and BPS CS31082-0001, Both Stars are Metal-Poor Stars (Average Star Temperature: 38,875 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 64.17 Solar Masses)
* 782,179,274 Years After The Big Bang (October 6, 13,038,211,351 BCE, 19:54:03 (CET)): Formation of The Star Cluster Messier 2, An Globular Cluster in The Constellation Aquarius That Located at 55,000 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 39,026 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 65.02 Solar Masses)
* 819,264,580 Years After The Big Bang (January 23, 13,001,126,045 BCE, 05:49:31 (CET)): Formation of The Star Cluster Messier 30, An Globular Cluster in The Constellation Capricornus That Located at 27,800 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 38,279 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 62.29 Solar Masses)

* 880,375,116 Years After The Big Bang (July 30, 12,940,015,509 BCE, 01:28:53 (CET)): Formation of The Galaxy SXDF-NB1006-2, BDF-521 and BDF-3299, Both Galaxy are Extremely Distant, These Galaxy Was Located At Least 13 Billion Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 37,826 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 60.46 Solar Masses)
* 976,553,269 Years After The Big Bang (February 5, 12,843,837,356 BCE, 13:37:26 (CET)): Formation of The Star Cluster Messier 4, An Globular Cluster in The Constellation Scorpius That Located at 7,200 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 37,153 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 54.87 Solar Masses)
* 1,000,000,000 Years After The Big Bang (June 25, 12,820,390,625 BCE, 11:42:20 (CET)): End of Reionization Era, Begin of Galaxy Epoch (Average Star Temperature: 37,004 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 53.92 Solar Masses)

## 1,000,000,000 Years to 13,820,390,625 Years

### Galaxy Epoch (1,000,000,000 Years to 7,500,000,000 Years)

* 1,017,861,263 Years After The Big Bang (December 28, 12,802,529,362 BCE, 22:19:30 (CET)): Formation of The Hyper-Luminous Quasar SDSS J0100+2802, Which Harbours a Black Hole With Mass of 12,000,000,000 Solar Masses (Average Star Temperature: 37,126 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 54.03 Solar Masses)
* 1,069,037,951 Years After The Big Bang (March 24, 12,751,352,674 BCE, 00:36:51 (CET)): Formation of The Star Cluster Messier 12, An Globular Cluster in The Constellation Ophiuchus That Located at 16,600 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 36,930 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 52.89 Solar Masses)

* 1,103,269,137 Years After The Big Bang (September 8, 12,717,121,488 BCE, 17:47:03 (CET)): Formation of The Star System HD 99109 and The Planet PSR B1620-26 b, Also Known as Methuselah's Planet, The Oldest Exoplanets in The Universe (Average Star Temperature: 36,504 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 51.74 Solar Masses)
* 1,191,737,819 Years After The Big Bang (August 31, 12,628,652,806 BCE, 19:23:51 (CET)): Formation of The Star Cluster Messier 53, An Globular Cluster in The Constellation Coma Berenices That Located at 60,000 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 37,156 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 53.36 Solar Masses)
* 1,283,912,763 Years After The Big Bang (November 23, 12,536,477,862 BCE, 11:37:26 (CET)): Formation of The Quasar S5 0014+81, An Hyper-Luminous Quasar in The Constellation Cepheus That Located at 12,000,000,000 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 36,729 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 51.43 Solar Masses)
* 1,369,480,257 Years After The Big Bang (February 16, 12,450,910,368 BCE, 15:09:54 (CET)): Formation of The Star Cluster Messier 80, An Globular Cluster in The Constellation Scorpius That Located at 32,600 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 36,437 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 50.19 Solar Masses)
* 1,474,862,795 Years After The Big Bang (October 22, 12,345,527,830 BCE, 20:49:19 (CET)): Formation of The Star Cluster Messier 55, An Globular Cluster in The Constellation Sagittarius That Located at 17,600 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 35,871 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 48.82 Solar Masses)

* 1,548,619,217 Years After The Big Bang (December 29, 12,271,771,408 BCE, 21:53:47 (CET)): The Most Devastating Gamma-ray Burst That Lasting 23 Minutes, GRB 080916C, Was Recorded (Average Star Temperature: 35,651 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 47.03 Solar Masses)
* 1,693,880,639 Years After The Big Bang (May 21, 12,126,509,986 BCE, 03:18:55 (CET)): Formation of The Star Cluster Terzan 5, An Globular Cluster in The Constellation Sagittarius That Located at 18,800 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 35,226 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 45.37 Solar Masses)
* 1,788,702,951 Years After The Big Bang (February 14, 12,031,687,674 BCE (Valentine Day), 18:20:42 (CET)): Formation of Barnard's Star, An Metal-Poor Red Dwarf Stars That Located at Just 5.96 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 35,389 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 44.18 Solar Masses)
* 1,869,223,884 Years After The Big Bang (June 10, 11,951,166,741 BCE, 22:51:33 (CET)): Formation of The Star Cluster Messier 15, An Globular Cluster in The Constellation Pegasus That Located at 35,700 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 35,196 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 43.02 Solar Masses)
* 1,953,186,692 Years After The Big Bang (July 31, 11,867,203,933 BCE, 02:43:19 (CET)): Formation of The Star Cluster Messier 62, An Globular Cluster in The Constellatoin Ophiuchus That Located at 21,500 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 35,031 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 42.29 Solar Masses)

* 2,037,641,589 Years After The Big Bang (October 3, 11,782,749,036 BCE, 23:43:59 (CET)): Formation of The Star Cluster NGC 6752, An Globular Cluster in The Constellation Pavo That Located at 13,000 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 34,847 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 41.76 Solar Masses)
* 2,117,913,220 Years After The Big Bang (November 7, 11,702,477,405 BCE, 19:39:27 (CET)): Formation of The Star Cluster Messier 10, An Globular Cluster in The Constellation Ophiuchus That Located at 14,300 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 34,669 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 41.09 Solar Masses)
* 2,279,166,547 Years After The Big Bang (August 9, 11,541,224,078 BCE, 04:22:49 (CET)): Formation of The Star Cluster Messier 3, An Globular Cluster in The Constellation Canes Venatici That Located at 34,000 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 34,292 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 40.01 Solar Masses)
* 2,396,875,296 Years After The Big Bang (January 27, 11,423,515,329 BCE, 11:46:39 (CET)): Formation of The Star Cluster Omega Centauri, An Globular Cluster in The Constellation Centaurus That Located at 16,200 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 33,617 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 37.85 Solar Masses)

* 2,541,763,447 Years After The Big Bang (March 19, 11,278,627,178 BCE, 15:33:19 (CET)): The Star HD 140283, Also Known as Methuselah Star, Was Moved to The Milky Way Galaxy, Due to Galactic Gravitational Radiation (Average Star Temperature: 33,178 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 34.09 Solar Masses)
* 2,614,547,881 Years After The Big Bang (July 9, 11,205,842,744 BCE, 20:09:36 (CET)): Formation of The Planetary System Gliese 581: Gliese 581c, the first observed ocean planet and Gliese 581d, a super-earth planet, possibly the first observed habitable planets (Average Star Temperature: 32,981 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 33.17 Solar Masses)
* 2,788,317,922 Years After The Big Bang (December 3, 11,032,072,703 BCE, 17:44:29 (CET)): Formation of The Star HD 155358, An Orange Main Sequence Star That Located at 58 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 32,569 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 30.52 Solar Masses)
* 2,967,723,671 Years After The Big Bang (September 22, 10,852,666,954 BCE, 03:51:53 (CET)): Formation The Spiral Galaxy BX442, The Oldest Grand Design Spiral Galaxy (Average Star Temperature: 32,147 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 28.04 Solar Masses)
* 3,179,497,316 Years After The Big Bang (May 16, 10,640,893,309 BCE, 08:19:31 (CET)): Formation of The Star HD 103197, An Orange Main Sequence Star That Located at 187 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 31,785 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 26.29 Solar Masses)
* 3,348,839,277 Years After The Big Bang (April 23, 10,471,551,348 BCE, 14:29:07 (CET)): Formation of The Star Cluster NGC 2808, An Globular Cluster in The Constellation Carina That Located at 31,300 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 31,129 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 23.87 Solar Masses)

* 3,559,617,821 Years After The Big Bang (August 22, 10,260,772,804 BCE, 22:31:29 (CET)): Formation of The Star System HD 156384, An Triple-Star System That Located at 23.62 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 30,631 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 22.53 Solar Masses)
* 3,689,173,789 Years After The Big Bang (November 17, 10,131,216,836 BCE, 18:55:47 (CET)): Formation of The Quasar 3C 9 and The Gamma-Ray Burst GRB 991216, Also Known as The Beethoven's Gamma-Ray Burst (Average Star Temperature: 30,279 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 21.79 Solar Masses)
* 3,808,518,937 Years After The Big Bang (February 29, 10,011,871,688 BCE, 12:03:24 (CET)): Formation of The Andromeda Galaxy From An Galactic Merger of The Milky Way and Andromeda Galaxy, The Galaxy Will Collides With Milky Way in 3,600,000,000 Years (Average Star Temperature: 30,018 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 21.07 Solar Masses)

* 4,017,637,922 Years After The Big Bang (June 5, 9,802,752,703 BCE, 19:43:21 (CET)): Formation of The Star System HD 87883 and HD 168443, WASP-5b, an Gas Giant Planet, Formed (Average Star Temperature: 29,326 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 19.43 Solar Masses)
* 4,391,419,654 Years After The Big Bang (March 15, 9,428,970,971 BCE, 00:19:37 (CET)): Formation of The Star System 42 Draconis, Fierce Star Formation in Andromeda Making it into a Luminous Infrared Galaxy (Average Star Temperature: 27,731 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 16.53 Solar Masses)
* 4,620,318,785 Years After The Big Bang (July 25, 9,200,071,840 BCE, 10:43:55 (CET)): Earliest Population I Stars, or Sun-Like Stars: With Heavy Element Saturation Very High, Planetary Nebula Appear in Which Rocky Substances are Solidified – These Nurseries Lead to The Formation of Rocky Terrestrial Planets, Moons, Asteroids, and Icy Comets (Average Star Temperature: 19,753 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 9.37 Solar Masses)
* 4,786,791,224 Years After The Big Bang (January 7, 9,033,599,401 BCE, 22:39:47 (CET)): Galaxy Collision: Spiral Arms of The Milky Way Form Leading to Major Period of Star Formation (Average Star Temperature: 18,394 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 8.14 Solar Masses)
* 5,103,955,137 Years After The Big Bang (August 4, 8,716,435,488 BCE, 14:51:49 (CET)): Formation of The Star System 55 Cancri, Kepler-11 Planetary System, The Flattest and Most Compact System Yet Discovered, Forms - Kepler-11c Considered to be a Giant Ocean Planet With Hydrogen-Helium Atmosphere (Average Star Temperature: 17,563 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 7.29 Solar Masses)
* 5,477,689,481 Years After The Big Bang (November 3, 8,342,701,144 BCE, 07:29:16 (CET)): Formation of The Star System 51 Pegasi - 51 Pegasi b, Also Known as Bellerophon, Forms - First Planet Discovered Orbiting an Main Sequence Star (Average Star Temperature: 17,089 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 6.93 Solar Masses)
* 5,796,227,949 Years After The Big Bang (June 30, 8,024,162,676 BCE, 19:34:58 (CET)): Formation of The Star System HD 176051, Also Known as The First Observed Through Astrometrics (Average Star Temperature: 16,317 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 6.31 Solar Masses)
	+ The Universe Continues to Organize Into Larger Wider Structures, The Great Walls, Sheets and Filaments Consisting of Galaxy Clusters and Superclusters and Voids Crystallize, How This Crystallization Takes Place is Still Conjecture
	+ Certainly, it is Possible The Formation of Super-Structures Like The Hercules–Corona Borealis Great Wall May Have Happened Much Earlier, Perhaps Around The Same Time Galaxies First Started Appearing, Either Way The Observable Universe Becomes More Modern Looking
* 6,047,826,447 Years After The Big Bang (September 7, 7,772,564,178 BCE, 13:19:51 (CET)): Formation of The Star System 16 Cygni - 16 Cygni Bb, The First Gas Giant Observed in an Single Star Orbit in an Trinary Star System, Forms - Orbiting Moons Considered to Have Habitable Properties or at The Least Capable of Supporting Water (Average Star Temperature: 15,707 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 5.83 Solar Masses)
* 6,309,712,389 Years After The Big Bang (April 7, 7,510,678,236 BCE, 16:53:27 (CET)): Formation of The Globular Cluster Terzan 7, GRB 080319B, Farthest Gamma-Ray Bursts Seen With The Naked Eye, Recorded (Average Star Temperature: 15,362 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 5.49 Solar Masses)

* 6,488,922,641 Years After The Big Bang (August 25, 7,331,467,984 BCE, 23:51:49 (CET)): Formation of The HD 10180 Planetary System, Which The Planetary System Larger Than Both 55 Cancri and Kepler-11 Planetary System (Average Star Temperature: 15,193 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 5.27 Solar Masses)
* 6,802,189,535 Years After The Big Bang (July 3, 7,018,201,090 BCE, 09:41:36 (CET)): Formation of The Star Arcturus, an Red Giant Stars in The Constellation Bootes That Located at 37 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 14,927 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 5.02 Solar Masses)
* 7,449,621,893 Years After The Big Bang (December 23, 6,370,678,732 BCE, 15:53:04 (CET)): Formation of The Planetary System Mu Arae, Mu Arae c is Among The First Terrestrial Planets to be Observed From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 14,369 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 4.58 Solar Masses)
* 7,500,000,000 Years After The Big Bang (June 25, 6,320,390,625 BCE, 11:42:20 (CET)): End of The Galaxy Epoch, Begin of The Matter-Dominated Era (Average Star Temperature: 14,347 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 4.53 Solar Masses)

### Pre-Solar System Era (7,500,000,000 Years to 8,600,000,000 Years)

* 7,688,535,997 Years After The Big Bang (September 29, 6,131,854,628 BCE, 12:17:49 (CET)): Formation of Earth's Near Twin, Kepler-452b, Orbiting The Parent Star Kepler-452 (Average Star Temperature: 14,088 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 4.32 Solar Masses)
* 7,953,226,569 Years After The Big Bang (August 2, 5,867,164,056 BCE, 02:53:27 (CET)): Formation of The Alpha Centauri Star System, Mira, An Red Giant Stars in The Constellation Cetus, The Star Have an White Dwarf Companions (Average Star Temperature: 13,543 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 3.97 Solar Masses)
* 8,172,695,044 Years After The Big Bang (April 8, 5,647,695,581 BCE, 16:21:59 (CET)): Formation of The Tau Ceti Planetary System: Five Planets Eventually Evolve From It's Planetary Nebula, Orbiting The Star - Tau Ceti e Considered Planet to Have Potential Life Since It's Orbits The Hot Inner Edge of The Star's Habitable Zone (Average Star Temperature: 13,379 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 3.74 Solar Masses)
* 8,249,363,918 Years After The Big Bang (March 24, 5,571,026,707 BCE, 22:49:31 (CET)): GRB 101225A, The "Christmas Burst", Considered The Longest at 28 Minutes, Recorded (Average Star Temperature: 13,327 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 3.62 Solar Masses)
* 8,487,471,603 Years After The Big Bang (November 6, 5,332,919,022 BCE, 06:39:42 (CET)): Formation of The Star Cluster Messier 67, An Open Cluster in The Constellation Cancer That Located at 2,880 Light Years Away From Earth (Average Star Temperature: 13,018 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 3.37 Solar Masses)
* 8,571,902,480 Years After The Big Bang (May 24, 5,248,488,145 BCE, 10:32:52 (CET)): Formation of The Presolar Nebula From an Primal Supernova, Possibly Triggers The Formation of The Solar System (Average Star Temperature: 12,937 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 3.31 Solar Masses)
* 8,600,000,000 Years After The Big Bang (June 25, 5,220,390,625 BCE, 11:42:20 (CET)): End of The Pre-Solar System Era, Begin of Solar System Formation Era (Average Star Temperature: 12,904 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 3.29 Solar Masses)

### Solar System Formation Era (8,600,000,000 Years to 10,000,000,000 Years)

See Also: Timeline of The Solar System

* 8,613,917,450 Years After The Big Bang (December 12, 5,206,473,175 BCE, 09:27:49 (CET)): Formation of The Sun, Planetary Nebula Begins Accretion of Planets (Average Star Temperature: 12,900 Kelvin, Average Star Mass: 3.28 Solar Masses)

## See Also

* Timeline of Earth
* Timeline of Venus
* Timeline of Mars
* Timeline of HD 10180 Star System

### Notes

* CET = Central European Time
* 0 Kelvin = -273.15 °C
* 1 Solar Masses = 1,024 Jupiter Masses
* 1 Jupiter Masses = 324 Earth Masses