recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Tepui Tinamou

The **tepui tinamou** (*Crypturellus ptaritepui*) is a type of ground bird found in montane moist forest on tepuis, in southeastern Venezuela.

## Contents

* 1Taxonomy
* 2Etymology
* 3Description
* 4Behavior
* 5Range and habitat
* 6Conservation
* 7Footnotes
* 8References

## Taxonomy[edit]

This is a monotypic species. All tinamou are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also ratites. Unlike other ratites, tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.

## Etymology[edit]

*Crypturellus* is formed from two Greek roots: κρυπτός (*kruptos*) meaning ‘covered’ or ‘hidden’ and ουρά (*oura*) meaning ‘tail’; the Latin suffix *-ellus* is diminutive. Thus, *Crypturellus* means ‘little hidden tail’.

## Description[edit]

The tepui tinamou is approximately 27 cm (11 in) in length. The top of its head and rear of neck are rufous brown, darker on its back, and dusky below with rufous sheen on its upper breast. The sides of its head and throat are grey in color, its upper mandible is black, its lower mandible yellow with black tip, and its legs are olive in color.

## Behavior[edit]

Like other tinamous, the tepui eats fruit off the ground or low-lying bushes. They also eat small amounts of invertebrates, flower buds, tender leaves, seeds, and roots. The male incubates the eggs which may come from as many as 4 different females, and then will raise them until they are ready to be on their own, usually 2–3 weeks. The nest is located on the ground in dense brush or between raised root buttresses.

## Range and habitat[edit]

The tepui tinamou has been found on Ptari-tepuí, Auyán-tepuí, Chimantá-tepuí, and Sororopán-tepuí, in southeastern Bolívar, Venezuela. It was found in between 1,350 to 1,800 m (4,430–5,910 ft) in elevation, and its preferred habitat is tropical moist montane forest or tropical moist shrubland.

## Conservation[edit]

The IUCN classifies it as Least Concern, with an occurrence range of 1,000 km2 (390 sq mi). It is a protected species in Venezuela.
Okarito Kiwi

The **Okarito kiwi** (*Apteryx rowi*) also known as the **rowi** or **Okarito brown kiwi**, is a member of the kiwi family Apterygidae, described as new to science in 2003. The species is part of the brown kiwi complex, and is morphologically very similar to other members of that complex. It is found in a restricted area of the Okarito forest on the West Coast of New Zealand's South Island, and has a population of about only 600 birds. Some Okarito brown kiwi may live up to 100 years.

## Contents

* 1Taxonomy
* 2Range and habitat
* 3Reproduction
* 4Status and conservation
* 5References
* 6External links

## Taxonomy[edit]

The Okarito kiwi is a monotypic species, i.e. there are no recognised subspecies. The genus name *Apteryx* stems from the Greek "without wings". Originally assumed to be the same species as the Southern brown kiwi *A. australis*, DNA testing shows that the possible split off from this species was 8.2 million years ago, and the split from their closest relatives, the Northern Island brown kiwi *A. mantelli* was around 6.2 million years ago. This bird is a ratite and has similarities to the others (emu, ostrich, rhea, cassowary). Its sternum has no keel, its wings are minimal, and it has no preen gland. Its palate is also distinctive, and its feathers have no barbules or aftershaft. Other features that are similar to only the other kiwi is a weak gizzard and no tail, only a pygostyle.

## Range and habitat[edit]

The Okarito brown kiwi lives in the Okarito forest on the West Coast of New Zealand's South Island. On 29 June 2010, three breeding pairs were released onto Blumine Island as part of a breeding program.

## Reproduction[edit]

The female can lay up to three eggs, each in a different nest. Both the male and the female incubate the eggs. The egg is very large, as it weighs 20% of the female's weight (as in all kiwi). Most pairs are monogamous throughout their lives.

## Status and conservation[edit]

The Okarito kiwi is currently classified as Vulnerable by the IUCN due to habitat loss and predation by introduced stoats. Conservation efforts such as *Operation Nest Egg* and the stoat control regime have been partially successful in restoring the rowi population. However, the rowi is still in a fragile stage of existence. Predation, mainly from imported animals such as stoats, is still the biggest threat to the rowi. The South Okarito Forest was designated a kiwi sanctuary in 2000.

The West Coast Wildlife Centre in Franz Josef village operates a conservation programme as part of Operation Nest Egg. Eggs at risk of predation are removed, the chicks hatched in captivity, raised in a natural predator-free environment until old enough to fend for themselves, and then returned to the wild. Since opening, the operation has successfully raised and released 230 kiwi chicks. Surveys have ensured that there is no noticeable difference in behaviour between such birds and rowi growing up fully in the wild. The centre was developed in 2010 and offers behind the scenes tours of its kiwi hatching and rearing facilities and is the only place in New Zealand where one can see rowi in a nocturnal walkthrough area.
Small-Billed Tinamou

The **small-billed tinamou** (*Crypturellus parvirostris*) is a type of Tinamou commonly found in dry savanna in Amazonian South America.

## Contents

* 1Description
* 2Taxonomy
* 3Etymology
* 4Behavior
* 5Domestication
* 6Range and habitat
* 7Conservation
* 8Footnotes
* 9References
* 10External links

## Description[edit]

The small-billed tinamou is approximately 22 cm (8.7 in) in length. Its upperparts are dark brown, with grey to brownish under parts and head. Its bill and legs are red.

## Taxonomy[edit]

The small-billed tinamou is a monotypic species. All tinamou are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also ratites. Unlike other ratites, tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.

## Etymology[edit]

*Crypturellus* is formed from three Latin or Greek words. *kruptos* meaning **covered** or **hidden**, *oura* meaning **tail**, and *ellus* meaning **diminutive**. Therefore, *Crypturellus* means small hidden tail.

## Behavior[edit]

Like other tinamous, the small-billed eats fruit off the ground or low-lying bushes. They also eat small amounts of invertebrates, flower buds, tender leaves, seeds, and roots. The male incubates the eggs which may come from as many as 4 different females, and then will raise them until they are ready to be on their own, usually 2–3 weeks. The nest is located on the ground in dense brush or between raised root buttresses.

## Domestication[edit]

The small billed tinamou has been considered an ideal candidate for domestication as the birds can raise 3-4 broods per year and are resistant to diseases that affect chickens

## Range and habitat[edit]

The small-billed tinamou prefers dry savanna, but will also reside in lowland shrubland. Its range is Amazonian South America; Brazil except for the southeastern portion, northeastern Peru, eastern Bolivia, Paraguay, and northeastern Argentina.

## Conservation[edit]

The IUCN classifies this tinamou as Least Concern, with an occurrence range of 6,700,000 km2 (2,600,000 sq mi).
Talegalla (Stub)

***Talegalla*** is a genus of bird in the family Megapodiidae. First described by René Primevère Lesson in 1828, it contains the following species:

* Red-billed brushturkey (*Talegalla cuvieri*)
* Black-billed brushturkey (*Talegalla fuscirostris*)
* Collared brushturkey (*Talegalla jobiensis*)

The name *Talegalla* is a combination of *taleve*, the French word for swamphen, and *gallus*, the Latin word for "cock". Lesson wrote that he created the word to hint at the unusual appearance of the red-billed brushturkey, which somewhat resembles a swamphen but is the size of a chicken.
Ornirive

**Ornirive** est un pokémon de type Eau et Combat introduit pour la première fois dans la

Neuvième génération. Il est l'évolution du pokémon de départ Ornigoutte.

## Ornirive

### Apparence

Ornirive est un petit ornithorynque bipede de couleur bleu. Son bec et sa queue sont noir. Il a un ventre blanc. Il a deux ligne bleu foncées sur le dos.

### Attitudes

En évoluant, les Ornirives Ont toujours envie de se battrent quand il sont en manquent d'adversaire il peuvent même affronté des ursarings, même si ils savent qui ont aucune chance de gagné.

### Différence mâle/femelle

Il n’y a aucune différence entre les individus mâles et femelles de cette espèce.

### Chromatique

Lorsqu'il est chromatique, Ornigoutte est de couleur rose.

### Évolution

Ornigoutte évolue à partir du niveau 17 en **Ornirive**, puis il évolue en Orniscade à partir du niveau 36.

OrnigoutteOrnirive Niveau 17Orniscade Niveau 36

### Talent(s)

* Torrent : augmente la puissance des capacités de type Eau du Pokémon quand ses PV sont inférieurs à 1/3.
* Glissade : augmente la Vitesse du Pokémon s’il pleut.

### Étymologie

* Français : Ornirive vient de **Orni**thorynque et de Rive

### Description du Pokédex

Après, Chaque repas Ornivrive aime bien se battre.

### Statistique

PV 80

ATT 90

DEF 75

ATT Spé 55

DEF Spé 65

Vit 55

Total 420
Sickle-Winged Guan

The **sickle-winged guan** (*Chamaepetes goudotii*) is a species of bird in the family Cracidae.

It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. In Ecuador, it is noted that the guans from the Eastern slope, at 61–63.5 cm (24–25 in), were much larger than birds from the Western Andean slope, at 51–54.5 cm (20–22 in).
Tataupa Tinamou

***Crypturellus tataupa***
 *C. t. tataupa* (Temminck, 1815)
*C. t. inops* (Bangs & Noble), 1918)
*C. t. peruvianus* (Cory, 1915)
*C. t. lepidotus* (Swainson, 1837)

The **Tataupa tinamou** (*Crypturellus tataupa*) is a type of tinamou commonly found in dry forest in subtropical and tropical regions in southeastern South America.

## Contents

* 1Naming
* 2Taxonomy
	+ 2.1Subspecies
* 3Description
* 4Behavior
* 5Range and habitat
* 6Conservation
* 7Footnotes
* 8References
* 9External links

## Naming[edit]

* *Crypturellus* is formed from three Latin or Greek words: *kruptos* meaning covered or hidden, *oura* meaning tail, and *ellus* meaning diminutive. Therefore, *Crypturellus* means small hidden tail.
* *Tataupa* is a Guarani term, referring to the bird's ashy-colored plumage.

## Taxonomy[edit]

All tinamou are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also ratites. Unlike other ratites, tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.

### Subspecies[edit]

The Tataupa tinamou has four subspecies as follows:

* *C. t. tataupa* Nominate race, occurs in eastern Bolivia, southern Brazil, northern Argentina, and Paraguay.
* *C. t. inops* occurs in northwestern Peru in the Marañón Valley,. and also extreme southern Ecuador
* *C. t. peruvianus* occurs in west central Peru in the Chanchamayo Valley of Junín Region.
* *C. t. lepidotus* occurs in northeastern Brazil; Bahia, Ceará, Piauí, Pernambuco, and Maranhão States.

## Description[edit]

The tataupa tinamou is approximately 25 cm (9.8 in) in length. Its upper parts are dark brown, with a dark brown crown, a pale grey throat. It has darker grey on the sides of its head, neck, and breast, with a bu belly buff. Its bill and legs are purplish red.

## Behavior[edit]

Egg, Collection Museum Wiesbaden
Like other tinamous, the tataupa tinamou eats fruit off the ground or low-lying bushes. They also eat small amounts of invertebrates, flower buds, tender leaves, seeds, and roots. The male incubates the eggs which may come from as many as 4 different females, and then will raise them until they are ready to be on their own, usually 2–3 weeks. The nest is located on the ground in dense brush or between raised root buttresses.

## Range and habitat[edit]

The Tataupa tinamou prefers dry forest up to 1,400 m (4,600 ft) altitude. It may also be found in lowland moist forest and degraded former forest habitats. This species is native to northeastern Brazil, eastern Bolivia, northern Argentina, Paraguay and western Peru in South America. It also has been sighted in extreme southern Ecuador.

## Conservation[edit]

The IUCN classifies this tinamou as Least Concern, with an occurrence range of 4,900,000 km2 (1,900,000 sq mi).
Somali Ostrich

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 (Redirected from Struthio molybdophanes)
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The **Somali ostrich** (*Struthio molybdophanes*), also known as the **blue-necked ostrich**, is a large flightless bird native to the Horn of Africa. It was previously considered a subspecies of the common ostrich, but was identified as a distinct species in 2014.

## Contents

* 1Taxonomy and systematics
* 2Description
* 3Distribution and habitat
* 4Behaviour and ecology
* 5Status and conservation
* 6References

## Taxonomy and systematics[edit]

Molecular evidence indicates that the East African Rift has served as a geographic barrier to isolate the taxon from the nominate subspecies, the North African ostrich *S. c. camelus*, while ecological and behavioural differences have kept it genetically distinct from the neighbouring Masai ostrich *S. c. massaicus*. An examination of the mitochondrial DNA of *Struthio* taxa, including the extinct Arabian ostrich *S. c. syriacus*, has found that the Somali ostrich is phylogenetically the most distinct, appearing to have diverged from their common ancestor some 3.6 to 4.1 million years ago.

## Description[edit]

Though generally similar to other ostriches, the skin of the neck and thighs of the Somali ostrich is blue (rather than pinkish), becoming bright blue on the male during the mating season. The neck lacks a typical broad white ring, and the tail feathers are white. The females are slightly larger than the males and browner in plumage than other female ostriches. The Somali ostrich is similar in size to other ostriches so far as is known, perhaps averaging marginally smaller in body mass than some subspecies of common ostrich (at least the nominate race, *S. c. camelus*). Reportedly Somali ostriches in captivity weigh about 105 kg (231 lb) but this may not be an accurate weight for wild birds as captive animals have feeding accesses not available to wild ostriches. It is thus one of the two largest extant bird species.

## Distribution and habitat[edit]

The Somali ostrich is mostly found in Horn of Africa, especially in north-eastern Ethiopia and across all of Somalia.

## Behaviour and ecology[edit]

The Somali ostrich is differentiated ecologically from the common ostrich, with which there is some range overlap, by preferring bushier, more thickly vegetated areas, where it feeds largely by browsing, whereas the latter is mainly a grazer on open savanna. There are also reports of interbreeding difficulties between the two taxa.

## Status and conservation[edit]

A report to the IUCN in 2006 suggests that the Somali ostrich was common in the central and southern regions of Somalia in the 1970s and 1980s. However, following the political disintegration of that country and the lack of any effective wildlife conservation, its range and numbers there have since been shrinking as a result of uncontrolled hunting for meat, medicinal products and eggs, with the bird facing eradication in the Horn of Africa. In Kenya it is farmed for meat, feathers and eggs.
Highland Guan

The **highland guan** (*Penelopina nigra*) is a species of bird in the family Cracidae. It is found in the highlands of El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, southern Mexico, and Nicaragua.

Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. Its population has declined much in recent times: Listed as a species of Least Concern in 1994, it was uplisted to Near Threatened in 2000 and, as it was determined to be less common than previously believed, to Vulnerable in the 2007 IUCN Red List.

## Contents

* 1Description
* 2Taxonomy
* 3Distribution and habitat
* 4Status
* 5References

## Description[edit]

Male (blue-black) and female (brown)
The highland guan grows to a length of 590 to 650 millimetres (23 to 26 in). The plumage of the male is black, the upper parts glossed with green or blue, the underparts rather duller. The iris of the eye is reddish-brown and there is reddish-brown or purplish bare skin around and behind the eye. The beak, the bare skin on the throat, the large wattle, the legs and feet are reddish-orange. The female, by contrast, is black, heavily mottled and barred with reddish-brown and cinnamon, with a red beak and bare skin round the beak, and purplish bare skin round the eye.

## Taxonomy[edit]

The three syntype specimens of *Penelope niger* Fraser (Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1850 (1852), p.246, pl.XXIX.) are held in the collections of National Museums Liverpool at World Museum, with accession numbers D484 (male adult) and D484a (female adult) and D484b (male adult). The specimens came to the Liverpool national collection via the 13th Earl of Derby’s collection which was bequeathed to the people of Liverpool in 1851. D484 and D484a were purchased from Mess. Leadbeater in September 1843 while D484b died at the menagerie at Knowsley Hall on 5 August 1850.

## Distribution and habitat[edit]

The highland guan is found on either side of the mountain ranges in Central America. In Mexico it is uncommon, but it is present in moderate numbers in the El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve. It is also common in some localities in Guatemala, but rather rarer in Honduras, north-central Nicaragua and El Salvador, and it may be extinct in El Salvador. Its habitat is humid broad-leaved mountain forests, mainly cloud forests and pine-oak forests, but it has also been observed in secondary forests and plantations. The bird forages for fruit, in the trees and on the leaf litter.

## Status[edit]

The highland guan is thought to be decreasing in numbers. The main threats it faces are the destruction of its forest habitat, and being hunted for food. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as "vulnerable".
Black Guan

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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 ***Chamaepetes unicolor***
Salvin, 1867

The **black guan** (*Chamaepetes unicolor*) is a species of bird in the family Cracidae. It is found in the Talamancan montane forests of Costa Rica and Panama.

## Contents

* 1Description
* 2Ecology
* 3References
* 4External links

## Description[edit]

The black guan is 61 cm (24 in) long. Its plumage is all black with contrasting bright blue facial skin around a red eye. The legs and feet are pinkish-red.

## Ecology[edit]

Monteverde, Costa Rica
The black guan is frugivorous, eating fruit and berries while travelling through the tree canopy. It is mostly silent.

Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. It is threatened by habitat loss. This species is listed as Near Threatened because it occupies a small range, in which it is threatened by hunting and limited habitat loss and degradation
Barred Tinamou

The **barred tinamou** (*Crypturellus casiquiare*) is a type of tinamou commonly found in lowland moist forest in subtropical and tropical regions of northern South America.

## Contents

* 1Taxonomy
* 2Etymology
* 3Description
* 4Behavior
* 5Range and habitat
* 6Conservation
* 7Footnotes
* 8References

## Taxonomy[edit]

This is a monotypic species. All tinamou are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also ratites. Unlike other ratites, tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.

## Etymology[edit]

*Crypturellus* is formed from three Latin or Greek words. *kruptos* meaning **covered** or **hidden**, *oura* meaning **tail**, and *ellus* meaning **diminutive**. Therefore, *Crypturellus* means small hidden tail.

## Description[edit]

The barred tinamou is approximately 25 cm (9.8 in) in length. It is yellowish-buff with heavy bars of black on its back, its throat is white, its front and sides of neck and breast are pale grey, its belly is white, its flanks are cream barred with black, and its head and neck are chestnut in color with legs that are olive-green. The female is paler on back.[*citation needed*]

## Behavior[edit]

Like other tinamous, the barred tinamou eats fruit off the ground or low-lying bushes. They also eat small amounts of invertebrates, flower buds, tender leaves, seeds, and roots. The male incubates the eggs which may come from as many as 4 different females, and then will raise them until they are ready to be on their own, usually 2–3 weeks. The nest is located on the ground in dense brush or between raised root buttresses.

## Range and habitat[edit]

It prefers to live in tropical and sub-tropical lowland forests at an altitude of 100 to 200 m (330–660 ft) or lower. This species is native to eastern Colombia and southern Venezuela.

## Conservation[edit]

The IUCN classifies the barred tinamou as Least Concern, with an occurrence range of 49,000 km2 (19,000 sq mi).
Orniscade

**Orniscade** est un pokémon de type **Eau et Combat** introduit pour la première fois dans la **neuvième génération**. Il est l'évolution du pokémon de départ Ornigoutte et de Ornirive.

### Apparence

Ornirive est un Grand ornithorynque bipede de couleur bleu. Son bec et sa queue sont noir. Il a un ventre blanc. Il a deux ligne bleu foncées sur le dos. Il possede également de petite lunette sur son bec.

### Attittude

Les Orniscades sont meprisant par rapport aux ornirive qu'il trouvent trops Fougueu.

### Différence mâle/femelle

Il n’y a aucune différence entre les individus mâles et femelles de cette espèce.

### Chromatique

Lorsqu'il est chromatique, Ornigoutte est de couleur rose.

### Évolution

Ornigoutte évolue à partir du niveau 17 en **Ornirive**, puis il évolue en **Orniscade** à partir du niveau 36.

OrnigoutteOrnirive Niveau 16Orniscade Niveau 36

### Talent(s)

* Torrent : augmente la puissance des capacités de type Eau du Pokémon quand ses PV sont inférieurs à 1/3.
* Glissade : augmente la Vitesse du Pokémon s’il pleut.

### Étymologie

* Français : Ornirive vient de **Orni**thorynque et de Ca**scade**

### Statistique

PV 100

ATT 135

DEF 130

ATT SPÉ 95

DEF SPÉ 90

VIT 90

Total 640
Frogmouth

The **frogmouths** are a group of nocturnal birds related to the nightjars. They are found from the Indian Subcontinent across Southeast Asia to Australia.

## Contents

* 1Biology
* 2Taxonomy
	+ 2.1Species
* 3References
* 4External links

## Biology[edit]

They are named for their large flattened hooked bill and huge frog-like gape, which they use to capture insects. Their flight is weak. They rest horizontally on branches during the day, camouflaged by their cryptic plumage. Up to three white eggs are laid in the fork of a branch, and are incubated by the female at night and the male in the day. The three *Podargus* species are large frogmouths restricted to Australia and New Guinea, that have massive flat broad bills. They are known to take larger prey such as small vertebrates (frogs, mice, etc.), which are sometimes beaten against a stone before swallowing. The ten *Batrachostomus* frogmouths are found in tropical Asia. They have smaller, more rounded bills and are predominantly insectivorous. Both *Podargus* and *Batrachostomus* have bristles around the base of the bill, and *Batrachostomus* has other, longer bristles which may exist to protect the eyes from insect prey. In April 2007, a new species of frogmouth was described from the Solomon Islands and placed in a newly established genus, *Rigidipenna*.

## Taxonomy[edit]

DNA-DNA hybridisation studies have suggested that the two frogmouth groups may not be as closely related as previously thought, and that the Asian species may be separable as a new family, the Batrachostomidae. Although frogmouths are traditionally included in the order Caprimulgiformes, another study has cast doubt on their placement within that order, and they may be distinct enough to warrant an order of their own, **Podargiformes**, as Gregory Mathews proposed in 1918.[*citation needed*]

### Species[edit]

A pair of tawny frogmouths resting in a tree fork during the day

* Genus *Podargus*

* Tawny frogmouth, *Podargus strigoides*
* Marbled frogmouth, *Podargus ocellatus*
* Papuan frogmouth, *Podargus papuensis*

* Genus *Batrachostomus*

* Large frogmouth, *Batrachostomus auritus*
* Dulit frogmouth, *Batrachostomus harterti*
* Philippine frogmouth, *Batrachostomus septimus*
* Gould's frogmouth, *Batrachostomus stellatus*
* Sri Lanka frogmouth, *Batrachostomus moniliger*
* Hodgson's frogmouth, *Batrachostomus hodgsoni*
* Short-tailed frogmouth, *Batrachostomus poliolophus*
* Javan frogmouth, *Batrachostomus javensis*
* Blyth's frogmouth, *Batrachostomus affinis*
* Sunda frogmouth, *Batrachostomus cornutus*

* Genus *Rigidipenna*

* Solomons frogmouth, *Rigidipenna inexpectata*
Dotti Voss

Dotti is the niece of Velmer Voss and new servant to Vanity Dubois and the aristocratic House Dubois. She has been working at the Dubois Estate as a cook ever since the Estate has been running low on staff in the absence of Vanity.

## Description

#### Appearance

Dotti always wears a somewhat sagging farmer's cap and a white servant's tunic. She has permanently red cheeks, a strikingly coy smile, and appears to be immensely bad at keeping secrets as she has no filter.
South African Ostrich

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 (Redirected from Struthio camelus australis)
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*Find sources:* "South African ostrich" – news **·** newspapers **·** books **·** scholar **·** JSTOR *(August 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)*

The **South African ostrich** (*Struthio camelus australis*), also known as the **black-necked ostrich**, **Cape ostrich** or **southern ostrich** is a subspecies of the common ostrich endemic to Southern Africa. It is widely farmed for its meat, eggs and feathers.

## Habitat and distribution[edit]

Male and female South African ostriches.
The South African ostrich is found in South Africa, Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Angola and Botswana. It lives in south of the rivers Zambezi and Cunene.

## Threats[edit]

It is farmed for its eggs, meat, leather and feathers in the Little Karoo area of Cape Province.

## References[edit]

1. **^** Jarvis, M. J. F.; Jarvis, C.; Keffen, R. H. (1985-10-01). "Breeding seasons and laying patterns of the southern African Ostrich Struthio camelus". *Ibis*. **127** (4): 442–449. doi:10.1111/j.1474-919X.1985.tb04840.x. ISSN 1474-919X.
Austrodyptornithes

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Temporal range: Paleocene-recent, 62–0 Ma
PreЄ
Є
O
S
D
C
P
T
J
K
Pg
 *Clade*:
 *Clade*:
 * Sphenisciformes
* Procellariiformes

**Austrodyptornithes** is a clade of birds that include the orders Sphenisciformes (penguins) and Procellariiformes (tube-nosed seabirds). A 2014 analysis of whole genomes of 48 representative bird species concluded that penguins are the sister group of Procellariiformes, from which they diverged about 60 million years ago.
Rusty Tinamou

The **rusty tinamou** or **short-billed tinamou** (*Crypturellus brevirostris*) is a type of tinamou commonly found in swamp forest in tropical regions of South America.

## Contents

* 1Taxonomy
* 2Etymology
* 3Range and habitat
* 4Description
* 5Behavior
* 6Footnotes
* 7References

## Taxonomy[edit]

The rusty tinamou is a monotypic species. All tinamou are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also ratites. Unlike other ratites, tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.

## Etymology[edit]

*Crypturellus* is formed from three Latin or Greek words. *kruptos* meaning **covered** or **hidden**, *oura* meaning **tail**, and *ellus* meaning **diminutive**. Therefore, *Crypturellus* means small hidden tail.

## Range and habitat[edit]

It is found in tropical swamp forests and lowland forests, up to 500 m (1,600 ft) altitude. This species is native to northeastern and northwestern Brazil, French Guiana, and eastern Peru in South America.

## Description[edit]

The rusty tinamou is 27 to 29 cm (10.6–11.4 in) in length. Its upper parts are rufous boldly barred with black, its throat is white, its breast is bright rufous, its belly is white, and its flanks are barred black. Its crown is chestnut in color with legs that are yellowish-grey.

## Behavior[edit]

Like other tinamous, the rusty tinamou eats fruit off the ground or low-lying bushes. They also eat small amounts of invertebrates, flower buds, tender leaves, seeds, and roots. The male incubates the eggs which may come from as many as 4 different females, and then will raise them until they are ready to be on their own, usually 2–3 weeks. The nest is located on the ground in dense brush or between raised root buttresses.
Variegated Tinamou

The **variegated tinamou** (*Crypturellus variegatus*) a type of tinamou commonly found in moist forest lowlands in subtropical and tropical regions of northern South America.

## Contents

* 1Etymology
* 2Taxonomy
* 3Description
* 4Behavior
* 5Range and habitat
* 6Conservation
* 7Footnotes
* 8References
* 9External links

## Etymology[edit]

*Crypturellus* is formed from three Latin or Greek words: *kruptos* meaning "covered" or "hidden", *oura* meaning "tail", and *ellus* meaning "diminutive". Therefore, *Crypturellus* means "small hidden tail".

## Taxonomy[edit]

The variegated tinamou is a monotypic species. All tinamou are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also ratites. Unlike other ratites, tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.

Johann Friedrich Gmelin first identified the variegated tinamou from a specimen from Cayenne, French Guiana, in 1789.

## Description[edit]

The variegated tinamou is approximately 29.5 to 33 cm (11.6–13.0 in) in length. Its upper back is rufous, and its lower back and wings are black with conspicuous yellowish bands. Its throat is white, and its neck and upper breast are bright rufous, with buff lower breast and belly. Also, its flanks are tinged with cinnamon and dusky light barring. Its crown and sides of head are black with a yellow bill, and greenish to yellowish-brown legs.

## Behavior[edit]

Like other tinamous, the variegated eats fruit off the ground or low-lying bushes. They also eat small amounts of invertebrates, flower buds, tender leaves, seeds, and roots. The male incubates the eggs which may come from as many as 4 different females, and then will raise them until they are ready to be on their own, usually 2–3 weeks. The nest is located on the ground in dense brush or between raised root buttresses.

They have a call that consists of five tremulous evenly pitched notes, sometimes with the notes merging into a trill, although the first note is always distinct and it descends.

## Range and habitat[edit]

The variegated timamou lives in humid lowland forests with dense undergrowth in southern and eastern Colombia, southern Venezuela, French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, Amazonian Brazil, eastern Peru, eastern Ecuador, and northern Bolivia. They prefer to an altitude of 100 to 1,300 m (330–4,270 ft).

## Conservation[edit]

The IUCN lists this tinamou as Least Concern, with an occurrence range of 5,400,000 km2 (2,100,000 sq mi).
Guan

The **guans** are a number of bird genera which make up the largest group in the family Cracidae. They are found mainly in northern South America, southern Central America, and a few adjacent Caribbean islands. There is also the peculiar horned guan (*Oreophasis derbianus*) which is not a true guan, but a very distinct and ancient cracid with no close living relatives (Pereira *et al.* 2002).

## Systematics and evolution[edit]

The evolution of the group is fairly well resolved due to comprehensive analyses of morphology, biogeography, and mt and nDNA sequences (Pereira *et al.* 2002, Grau *et al.* 2005). The position of *Penelopina* and *Chamaepetes* - peculiar genera of which the former, uniquely among guans and more in line with curassows, shows pronounced sexual dimorphism - relative to each other is not determinable with certainty at present, but all evidence suggests that they are the basalmost guans. Their distribution is fairly far northwards, with 2 of their 3 species living in Central America. This indicates that the guans' origin is in the northern Andes region, in the general area of Colombia or perhaps Ecuador; the date of their initial radiation is not well resolved due to the lack of fossil evidence but can be very roughly placed around 40–25 mya (Oligocene, perhaps some time earlier). The two basal lineages diverged during the Burdigalian, around 20–15 mya.(Pereira *et al.* 2002)

The two larger genera diverged around the same time, spreading mainly southwards all over tropical South America in the process (Pereira *et al.* 2002). It appears as if the present-day distribution of the piping-guans is much relictual, due to climate changes fragmenting lowland habitat. *Aburria* were apparently being driven into refugia of suitable habitat time and again during the Late Pliocene by a combination of this and, possibly, competition with the more diverse and generally more adaptable *Penelope* (Grau *et al.* 2005).

If taken as a subfamily, the group also includes the chachalacas, but the horned guan is excluded and found in its monotypic subfamily.

### Genera and species[edit]

* Bearded guan, *Penelope barbata*
* Baudo guan, *Penelope ortoni*
* Andean guan, *Penelope montagnii*
* Marail guan, *Penelope marail*
* Rusty-margined guan, *Penelope superciliaris*
* Red-faced guan, *Penelope dabbenei*
* Crested guan, *Penelope purpurascens*
* Cauca guan, *Penelope perspicax*
* White-winged guan, *Penelope albipennis*
* Spix's guan, *Penelope jacquacu*
* Dusky-legged guan, *Penelope obscura*
* White-crested guan, *Penelope pileata*
* Chestnut-bellied guan, *Penelope ochrogaster*
* Blue-throated piping guan, *Pipile cumanensis*
* Red-throated piping guan, *Pipile cujubi*
* Black-fronted piping guan, *Pipile jacutinga*
Cariamiformes

**Cariamiformes** (or **Cariamae**) is an order of primarily flightless birds that has existed for over 60 million years. The group includes the family Cariamidae (seriemas) and the extinct families Phorusrhacidae, Bathornithidae, Idiornithidae and Ameghinornithidae. Though traditionally considered as a suborder of Gruiformes, both morphological and genetic studies show that they belong to a separate group of birds, Australaves, whose other living members are Falconidae, Psittaciformes and Passeriformes.

This proposal has been confirmed by a 2014 study of whole genomes of 48 representative bird species. This analysis shows that the Cariamiformes are basal among extant Australaves, while falcons are next most basal; in combination with the fact that the two most basal branches of Afroaves (New World vultures plus Accipitriformes, and owls) are also predatory, it is inferred that the common ancestor of 'core landbirds' (Telluraves) was an apex predator. However, some researchers like Darren Naish feel that this assessment is biased towards the more well known, predatory representatives of the clade, and indeed at least one form, *Strigogyps*, appears to have been herbivorous.

The earliest known unambiguous member of this group is Paleocene taxon *Paleopsilopterus itaboraiensis*. An isolated femur from the Cape Lamb Member of the Lopez de Bertodano Formation, Vega Island, Antarctica was briefly described as a cariamiform femur in 2006. This specimen, which dates to the late Cretaceous period 66 million years ago, was originally reported as indistinguishable from the femurs of modern seriemas, and belonging to a large bird about 1 metre (3.3 ft) tall. Because of its age and geographic location, it was argued that this unnamed species may have been close to the ancestry of both cariamids and phorusrhacids. However, a subsequent study published by West *et al.* (2019) reinterpreted this specimen as a fossil of an unnamed large-bodied member of an non-cariamiform genus *Vegavis*.
Sinister lord

The **Sinister Lord** is a secret Legendary pet in Bubble Gum Simulator. It could have been obtained by opening a Skelly Egg. The chance of hatching it was 1 in 6 million **(0.000016%)**, or 1 in 3 million **(0.000032%)**with the Lucky Chances gamepass.

## **Trivia**

* This was one of the most powerful pets in the game. However, it has been overpowered by many of the secret pets that were added in later updates.
Yellow-Legged Tinamou

The **yellow-legged tinamou** (*Crypturellus noctivagus*) is a species of tinamou found in wooded and shrubby habitats in tropical and subtropical eastern Brazil. This superficially quail-like bird has a grey-brown plumage and two easily separated subspecies. It has declined due to human activities, and is therefore listed as Near Threatened by the IUCN.

## Contents

* 1Subspecies and range
* 2Description
* 3Behavior
* 4Habitat
* 5Conservation
* 6Footnotes
* 7References
* 8External links

## Subspecies and range[edit]

This species has two subspecies:

* *C. n. noctivagus*, the nominate race, occurs in southeastern Brazil: Minas Gerais (Doce River area), southern Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul.
* *C. n. zabele* occurs in northeastern Brazil: Northern Minas Gerais and Bahia to Paraíba and Piauí.

## Description[edit]

*Crypturellus n. zabele*
The yellow-legged tinamou is approximately 28 to 31 cm (11.0–12.2 in) in length. Its upperparts are grey, its lower back and wings are barred black, its neck and upper breast are greyish, its lower breast is rufous and its belly is whitish. It has a blackish cap and a buffy supercilium. The supercilium is broadest and most prominent in the race *zabele*, which also is paler overall, has a whiter (less rufescent) throat and brighter yellow legs than the nominate race.

## Behavior[edit]

Like other tinamous, the yellow-legged tinamou eats fruit off the ground or low-lying bushes. They also eat small amounts of invertebrates, flower buds, tender leaves, seeds, and roots. The male incubates the eggs which may come from as many as 4 different females, and then will raise them until they are ready to be on their own, usually 2–3 weeks. The nest is located on the ground in dense brush or between raised root buttresses.

## Habitat[edit]

Its preferred habitat is humid forest, but the subspecies *zabele* also occurs in drier wooded habitats, such as savanna-woodland and Caatinga. It can be found at elevation of 700 m (2,300 ft) or less.

## Conservation[edit]

The yellow-legged tinamou suffers from widespread and continuing habitat destruction and hunting pressure. Overall, although its numbers are decreasing they are not critical and therefore listed as Near Threatened by the IUCN. It has an occurrence range of 1,470,000 km2 (570,000 sq mi). There are no recent records from parts of its range, and it appears to have been extirpated from Rio de Janeiro.
Elena Catteau

Elena Catteau is the Countess of Brovnoia and has been the effective governess of the city for nearly four decades now. A short two years after the annexation of Doren, the young and ambitious Alberean aristocrat was appointed by Empress Aquilla I to act as Countess of the city. Her role was to be that of overseer of the city's finances, while the three noble Dorenese houses that remained in power there would govern their own individual districts. During the last decades, she has garnered more and more power over Brovnoia, now ruling as an autocrat, only listening to the Emperor's orders and funnelling as much wealth as possibly to the Empire.

Elena Catteau is a financial expert who rules with an iron fist. Having been granted the rights to oversee the collection of taxes, it was heard that she somehow managed to keep a small percentage of the city's incomes to herself.

Vanity seemingly has immense feelings of hatred towards her, perhaps revealing a longer history between the two.

## Description

#### Appearance

Elena is an elegant, yet fiercely intimidating figure. She is known to wear exquisite black and blue robes, denoting her allegiance to the Dorenese peoples.
Ruddy (PC)

## Ability Scores

Ruddy is a large Alberean anarchist living with the twin witches Virgo and Margo in the Lavorne Mansion. Though outsiders find their presence imposing, there is no one with a bigger heart in the mansion than Ruddy.

## Description

#### Appearance

Ruddy has pinkish-blonde hair, gentle eyes, and an often permanent overconfident smile across their face. Ruddy dresses almost solely in billowing white shirts and long, breezy red coats. They have a hat with magnificent hen-feathers that they always seem to wear, and a small collection of expressive sunglasses. Ruddy appears towering and bulky at most times.

#### Personality

There are very few in the entirety of Toussaint who have a bigger heart than Ruddy. They assume the best in every person at first, love and respect anyone unconditionally at first, and see the silver lining in every situation, which sometimes brings them hurt when proven wrong. Ruddy is also very contra the idea that one should be bound by menial tasks and hierarchical order within a group of people. Their chaotic nature in this sense is often in direct opposition to Maru. Both Maru and Ruddy tutor the young Jessica Gale, the youngest member of the Lavorne family.

## Biography

**Before the Mansion**

Though the Alberean Empire's influence is vast and far-reaching, there are some that defy its rule. A community of anarchists and hermits from all corners of the land travel the sprawling, unsettled Grasses of Alberea as a tightly-knit family known only as 'the Herd'. These ever-travellers never settle for long and keep a large range of cattle and *Auroch* oxen with them wherever they go. The Herd believes in power in numbers, living harmoniously with the land, and ultimate freedom.

⁠

Though the Herd has been a thorn in the side of the Empire for decades, it has proved much too difficult to disperse the roamers due to their numbers and exceptional physical prowess, which no scientist or philosopher seems to be able to explain. As far as families go, Ruddy has a pretty large and powerful one, but they're all as much lovers as they are.
Black-Capped Tinamou

The **black-capped tinamou** (*Crypturellus atrocapillus*) is a type of tinamou commonly found in the moist forest lowlands in subtropical and tropical regions.

## Contents

* 1Taxonomy
* 2Etymology
* 3Description
* 4Behavior
* 5Range and habitat
* 6Conservation
* 7Footnotes
* 8References

## Taxonomy[edit]

All tinamou are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also ratites. Unlike other ratites, tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.

The black-capped tinamou has two subspecies as follows:

* *C. a. atrocapillus*, nominate race, occurs in the lowlands of southeastern Peru.
* *C. a. garleppi* in the lowlands of northern Bolivia.

## Etymology[edit]

*Crypturellus* is formed from three Latin or Greek words. *kruptos* meaning **covered** or **hidden**, *oura* meaning **tail**, and *ellus* meaning **diminutive**. Therefore, *Crypturellus* means small hidden tail.

## Description[edit]

The black-capped tinamou is approximately 28 to 30 cm (11–12 in) in length. Its upper-parts are brown, mottled and barred blackish, throat and neck are rufescent, breast is dark grey, and the remainder of underparts are cinnamon to buff. Its cap is blackish and legs could be pale red or bright red. The females are more heavily barred above.

## Behavior[edit]

Like other tinamous, the black-capped eats fruit off the ground or low-lying bushes. They also eat small amounts of invertebrates, flower buds, tender leaves, seeds, and roots. The male incubates the eggs which may come from as many as 4 different females, and then will raise them until they are ready to be on their own, usually 2–3 weeks. The nest is located on the ground in dense brush or between raised root buttresses.

## Range and habitat[edit]

It is found in moist forest lowlands in subtropical and tropical regions up to 900 m (3,000 ft) altitude. This species is native to southeastern Peru and northern Bolivia. Has recently been recorded in Brazil

## Conservation[edit]

It has an estimated global extent of occurrence of 120,000 km2 (46,000 sq mi). It is rated as Near Threatened status by the IUCN
Brazilian Tinamou

The **Brazilian tinamou** (*Crypturellus strigulosus*) is a type of tinamou found in tropical moist lowland forest in regions of Amazonian South America.

## Contents

* 1Etymology
* 2Taxonomy
* 3Description
* 4Behavior
* 5Range and habitat
* 6Conservation
* 7Footnotes
* 8References

## Etymology[edit]

*Crypturellus* is formed from three Latin or Greek words. *kruptos* meaning **covered** or **hidden**, *oura* meaning **tail**, and *ellus* meaning **diminutive**. Therefore, *Crypturellus* means small hidden tail.

## Taxonomy[edit]

The Brazilian tinamou is a monotypic species. All tinamou are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also ratites. Unlike other ratites, tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.

## Description[edit]

The Brazilian tinamou is approximately 28 cm (11 in) in length. It has reddish-brown upper parts, rufous throat, grey breast, whitish belly, and brown legs. The female has a distinct black barring and is ochraceous on its upper parts.

## Behavior[edit]

Like other tinamous, the Brazilian tinamou eats fruit off the ground or low-lying bushes. They also eat small amounts of invertebrates, flower buds, tender leaves, seeds, and roots. The male incubates the eggs which may come from as many as 4 different females, and then will raise them until they are ready to be on their own, usually 2–3 weeks. The nest is located on the ground in dense brush or between raised root buttresses.

## Range and habitat[edit]

The Brazilian tinamou lives in tropical or sub-tropical lowland moist forest up to 500 m (1,600 ft). This species is native to northwestern Bolivia, southern Amazonian Brazil and eastern Peru.

## Conservation[edit]

The IUCN list this bird as Least Concern, with an occurrence range of 2,600,000 km2 (1,000,000 sq mi).