The United States of America

## Summary

The **United States of America**, The **United States**, or simply, **America**, is a nation in North America.

## History

The common history of the United States begins with their revolutionary war against England in the 1770s. Following this was the war of 1812, essentially a continuation of hostilities with the British in the following century. Fifty years later the Americans had resolved relations with England and faced the modern world unified.

### 1800-1850

This period of American history marks the major expansion of the liberty and prosperity for the country. Northern slavery ended in the early 1800s, being no longer profitable or socially upheld. In the South, slavery continued for another decade and a half, until 1826, when a national precedent under president John Quincy Adams proposed an anti-slavery order, which effectively withheld federal infrastructure funding to states which had not abolished slavery. This action led to widespread violence throughout the South and many border regions such as the Missouri Territory, Missouri and the Arkansas Territory. Civilian violence against neighbors and families against or for slavery was rampant throughout the late 1820s. Riots in cities and against state legislatures often followed after the ratifying to state constitutions. US Army units were deployed in New Orleans, Atlanta and Jacksonville after state legislatures were attacked. The violence largely ended by the 1830s, with federal and state funds sent to multiple southern plantation owners to "ease the removal of a component of (their) business and livelihood." By 1832 slavery had ended in the United States, though many southerners still held resentment for blacks, though largely replaced by anger against the north.

The continuation of violence and racism in the south led to many blacks, whites and reds fleeing to the West, largely the territories. In 1836, the independence of Texas created a large opportunity for the states, with the new republic wishing to enter the Union. The state was not first admitted for internal debates around slavery. President Andrew Jackson wished to admit the new state despite its legality of chattel slavery, though he received pushback on this from many southern representatives, citing the hypocrisy of allowing new slave states, while the federals previously forced southern states to abolish the practice. in 1839 Texas ratified its constitution, outlawing slavery. This did not see the level of violence seen in other states, though many texan politicians resigned their positions. The republic shortly ceased to be, becoming the twenty-seventh state after Arkansas.

From 1840-50 the US grew, adding the states of Wisconsin, and Iowa, swell as acquiring territory West of Texas following the Mexican American war from 1840-1841. The US swiftly defended its admittance of Texas, and captured the land from its border to the Pacific.

### 1851-1898

This period following the Mexican American war marked an era of prosperity and expansion for the nation. Notably the West began to be settled more largely, and Indian territories were established across the West. Fomerly unorganized territory was divided into smaller territories as they began to be settled. Western Exploration across the prairies and through the rockies notably occurred, with the new state of Kansas being a key launching point for many settlers, along with towns such as Omaha, Nebraska Territory and Fort Worth, Texas. Western regions past the continental divide became states first, notably California in 1852 following large settlement after the 1848 gold rush. Oregon country was established into the states of Oregon and Washington in 1860, being divided into Idaho and Montana Territories to the East. Colorado was named a state in 1865, while Montana, Idaho and Wyoming gained their statehood shortly after in 1866. The Great Plains remained largely the Nebraska territory until the establishment of Dakota, Nebraska, and the western expansion of Montana and Wyoming in 1873.

#### Indian Territories

Most Western states are further divided into Indian territories, allowed by treaties signed by various governments over five decades. Western Montana and most of Eastern Dakota are inhabited by the Assiniboin Nation, with Wyoming's northeaster corner being allotted to the Pawnee and Arapaho tribes. North of Texas the Comanche and Wichita tribes have nations comprising most of Oklahoma and a portion of Kansas. Hundreds of other, smaller nations exist across the West, typically having self-governance regarding internal affairs, law-enforcement and regulations, though being upheld to federal laws and state judicial governance.

#### Westward Exploration and Expansion

Various expeditions over the first half of the 19th century saw the exploration and documentation of the dominion West of the Mississippi. Notably the Lewis and Clark Expedition launched by the Jefferson expedition and the documentation of the South Pass through the Rockies. Settling of the areas West of the river began following the Mexican American War, and largely as a result of continued violence and development in the East.

Over this period millions of people flocked from then East seeking a new life. Many travelled by the countries new rail system to the Pacific Coast and settled in California and Washington. Ranchers and Farmers settled the lands surrounding the rockies, and the fertile portions of the plains, though most of the Great Plains and the Rockies remained untouched, too harsh for farming or permanent cities. Only small towns sprung up in fertile valleys and around rivers. The Great Plains served largely as graving land, though, too harsh for habitation, prioritized the grazing of cattle from the states surrounding the prairies on cattle drives. Small ranches and farms did appear on the windswept region, though mostly around cities such as Omaha, Cheyenne and Sioux Falls. The settlement of the mountains and more habitable regions continued however, remaining largely uncultivated for lack of supplies until the 1880s with the expansion of the rail network. By the turn of the century, though the West was being settled, it remained largely untouched by agriculture or industry, which was fulfilled by the East of the country.

### Twentieth Century

The turn of the century marked the dawn of a new era for America, particularly the East. Then advancement of mechanical items such as cars and ships saw the development of the quality of living and new industries for the economy. Despite occurring around the world, the United States saw this period transition from being a largely agrarian nation across the country to having an international economy which produced and manufactured many goods. The nation benefited from its size and diversity of resources; allowing a largely self-sufficient export economy.

The growth of manufacturing jobs saw cities expand, and new technologies allow for the export of the goods produced the around the nation, by rail or, the new, airship. Airships saw the West seen to be tamed in an instant, with the almost instant capacity for delivery of any good to almost any location. The reality for the frontier of the nation was that it remained largely wild. Airships only serviced large cities with goods deliveries, notably Cheyenne, Missoula, Bozeman and Spokane in the Northwest, and Tucson, Albuquerque, Austin and Houston in the Southwest. The harsh conditions of the mountains and the plains remained, and the hesitation to settle them stayed the same. These regions, except for around towns and cities, remained unowned and uncultivated, except for by cattle or sheep ranchers, who own a large swaths of land, though untouched save for wooden fencing.

## Government

The United States is a Federal Republic, which incorporates limited government power, and the division of power between the national, regional and local levels. Each state and territory have general autonomy from the federal government, allowing varying laws across the nation. All governments within the nation are responsible to the Constitution, which governs the processes and limitations of governments, and enshrines rights and freedoms to the people.

The nation has three distinct branches of all of its governments, Executive, Legislative, and Judicial. Every