Ursus arctos

(*Ursus arctos*)
## Subspecies

* *U. a. arctos* (Eurasian brown bear)
* *U. a. beringianus* (Kamchatkan brown bear)
* *U. a. collaris* (East Siberian brown bear)
* *U. a. dalli* (Dall Island brown bear)
* *U. a. gobiensis* (Gobi bear)
* *U. a. gyas* (Alaska Peninsula brown bear)
* *U. a. horribilis* (Grizzly bear)
* *U. a. lasiotus* (Ussuri brown bear)
* *U. a. marsicanus* (Marsican brown bear)
* *U. a. middendorffi* (Kodiak bear)
* *U. a. pruinosus* (Tibetan blue bear)
* *U. a. pyrenaicus* (Cantabrian brown bear)
* *U. a. sitkensis* (Sitka brown bear)
* *U. a. stikeenensis* (Stickeen brown bear)
* *U. a. syriacus* (Syrian brown bear)

## Reproduction

Females: 4 - 8 years

## Habitats

### Major

* 1.1 Boreal forests
* 1.2 Subarctic forests
* 1.4 Temperate forests
* 3.1 Subarctic shrublands
* 3.3 Boreal shrublands
* 3.4 Temperate shrublands
* 3.5 Tropical/subtropical dry shrublands
* 4.1 Tundra grasslands
* 4.2 Subarctic grasslands
* 5.3 Shrub wetlands

### Suitable

* 3.6 Tropical/subtropical moist shrublands
* 4.4 Temperate grasslands
* 4.5 Tropical/subtropical dry grasslands
* 5.4 Swamps and peatlands
* 8.2 Temperate deserts

### Marginal

* 14.1 Arable lands
* 14.2 Pasturelands
* 14.3 Plantations

## Distribution

### Ecozones

* Indomalaya
* Nearctic
* Palearctic

### Terrestrial Ecoregions

* IM0301 Himalayan subtropical pine forests
* IM0403 Western Himalayan broadleaf forests
* IM0502 Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests
* NA0501 Alberta Mountain forests
* NA0502 Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests
* NA0506 British Columbia mainland coastal forests
* NA0507 Cascade Mountains leeward forests
* NA0509 Central British Columbia Mountain forests
* NA0514 Fraser Plateau and Basin complex
* NA0518 North Central Rockies forests
* NA0520 Northern Pacific coastal forests
* NA0521 Northern transitional alpine forests
* NA0522 Okanagan dry forests
* NA0524 Puget lowland forests
* NA0528 South Central Rockies forests
* NA0601 Alaska Peninsula montane taiga
* NA0603 Cook Inlet taiga
* NA0604 Copper Plateau taiga
* NA0607 Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga
* NA0610 Muskwa-Slave Lake forests
* NA0612 Northern Canadian Shield taiga
* NA0613 Northern Cordillera forests
* NA0614 Northwest Territories taiga
* NA0617 Yukon Interior dry forests
* NA0808 Montana Valley and Foothill grasslands
* NA1101 Alaska-St. Elias Range tundra
* NA1103 Arctic coastal tundra
* NA1104 Arctic foothills tundra
* NA1106 Beringia lowland tundra
* NA1107 Beringia upland tundra
* NA1108 Brooks-British Range tundra
* NA1111 Interior Yukon-Alaska alpine tundra
* NA1114 Low Arctic tundra
* NA1115 Middle Arctic tundra
* NA1116 Ogilvie-MacKenzie alpine tundra
* NA1117 Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra
* PA0401 Appenine deciduous montane forests
* PA0404 Balkan mixed forests
* PA0406 Cantabrian mixed forests
* PA0407 Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests
* PA0408 Caucasus mixed forests
* PA0410 Central Anatolian deciduous forests
* PA0412 Central European mixed forests
* PA0413 Central Korean deciduous forests
* PA0414 Changbai Mountains mixed forests
* PA0418 Dinaric Mountains mixed forests
* PA0419 East European forest steppe
* PA0420 Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests
* PA0422 Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests
* PA0423 Hokkaido deciduous forests
* PA0426 Manchurian mixed forests
* PA0428 Nihonkai montane deciduous forests
* PA0430 Northeast China Plain deciduous forests
* PA0431 Pannonian mixed forests
* PA0433 Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests
* PA0435 Rodope montane mixed forests
* PA0436 Sarmatic mixed forests
* PA0438 South Sakhalin-Kurile mixed forests
* PA0443 Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests
* PA0444 Western Siberian hemiboreal forests
* PA0446 Zagros Mountains forest steppe
* PA0501 Alps conifer and mixed forests
* PA0502 Altai montane forest and forest steppe
* PA0504 Carpathian montane forests
* PA0505 Da Hinggan-Dzhagdy Mountains conifer forests
* PA0507 Elburz Range forest steppe
* PA0509 Hengduan Mountains subalpine conifer forests
* PA0510 Hokkaido montane conifer forests
* PA0511 Honshu alpine conifer forests
* PA0514 Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests
* PA0515 Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests
* PA0516 Nujiang Langcang Gorge alpine conifer and mixed forests
* PA0517 Qilian Mountains conifer forests
* PA0518 Qionglai-Minshan conifer forests
* PA0519 Sayan montane conifer forests
* PA0521 Tian Shan montane conifer forests
* PA0601 East Siberian taiga
* PA0603 Kamchatka-Kurile meadows and sparse forests
* PA0604 Kamchatka-Kurile taiga
* PA0605 Northeast Siberian taiga
* PA0606 Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga
* PA0607 Sakhalin Island taiga
* PA0608 Scandinavian and Russian taiga
* PA0609 Trans-Baikal conifer forests
* PA0610 Ural montane forests and tundra
* PA0611 West Siberian taiga
* PA0802 Altai steppe and semi-desert
* PA0804 Daurian forest steppe
* PA0805 Eastern Anatolian montane steppe
* PA0806 Emin Valley steppe
* PA0808 Gissaro-Alai open woodlands
* PA0809 Kazakh forest steppe
* PA0812 Middle East steppe
* PA0813 Mongolian-Manchurian grassland
* PA0814 Pontic steppe
* PA0815 Sayan Intermontane steppe
* PA0816 Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe
* PA0817 South Siberian forest steppe
* PA0818 Tian Shan foothill arid steppe
* PA0901 Amur meadow steppe
* PA0903 Nenjiang River grassland
* PA0907 Suiphun-Khanka meadows and forest meadows
* PA1001 Altai alpine meadow and tundra
* PA1002 Central Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe
* PA1003 Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows
* PA1005 Hindu Kush alpine meadow
* PA1006 Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe
* PA1011 North Tibetan Plateau-Kunlun Mountains alpine desert
* PA1012 Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows
* PA1014 Pamir alpine desert and tundra
* PA1015 Qilian Mountains subalpine meadows
* PA1016 Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra
* PA1017 Southeast Tibet shrub and meadows
* PA1019 Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows
* PA1020 Tibetan Plateau alpine shrub and meadows
* PA1021 Western Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows
* PA1102 Bering tundra
* PA1103 Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra
* PA1104 Chukchi Peninsula tundra
* PA1105 Kamchatka Mountain tundra and forest tundra
* PA1106 Kola Peninsula tundra
* PA1107 Northeast Siberian coastal tundra
* PA1108 Northwest Russian-Novaya Zemlya tundra
* PA1110 Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands
* PA1111 Taimyr-Central Siberian tundra
* PA1112 Trans-Baikal Bald Mountain tundra
* PA1114 Yamal-Gydan tundra
* PA1201 Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests
* PA1202 Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests
* PA1207 Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests
* PA1210 Illyrian deciduous forests
* PA1211 Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests
* PA1217 Pindus Mountains mixed forests
* PA1220 Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests
* PA1302 Alashan Plateau semi-desert
* PA1305 Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe
* PA1306 Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert
* PA1313 Central Persian desert basins
* PA1317 Junggar Basin semi-desert
* PA1324 Qaidam Basin semi-desert