Academy Award for Best Actor

Award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and SciencesTemplate:SHORTDESC:Award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences

The **Academy Award for Best Actor** is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is given to an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role in a film released that year. The award is traditionally presented by the previous year's Best Actress winner.

The 1st Academy Awards were held in 1929 with Emil Jannings receiving the award for his roles in *The Last Command* (1928) and *The Way of All Flesh* (1927). Currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS; winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy.

In the first three years of the awards, actors were nominated as the best in their categories. At that time, all of their work during the qualifying period (as many as three films, in some cases) was listed after the award. However, during the 3rd ceremony held in 1930, only one of those films was cited in each winner's final award, even though each of the acting winners had two films following their names on the ballots. The following year, this system was replaced by the current system in which an actor is nominated for a specific performance in a single film. Starting with the 9th ceremony held in 1937, the category was officially limited to five nominations per year.

Since its inception, the award has been given to 83 actors. Daniel Day-Lewis has received the most awards in this category, with three wins. Spencer Tracy and Laurence Olivier were nominated on nine occasions, more than any other actor. Peter O'Toole is the most nominated actor in this category without a single win. James Dean remains the only actor to have been posthumously nominated in this category on more than one occasion. Peter Finch is the only actor to have received the award posthumously, for *Network* (1976). Italian actor Roberto Benigni was the first non-English performance winner for *Life Is Beautiful* (1997). At age 29, Adrien Brody became the youngest actor to win this award for *The Pianist* (2002), while Anthony Hopkins, at age 83, became the oldest winner for *The Father* (2020); he is also the first and only openly autistic actor to win an Oscar, having previously won for *The Silence of the Lambs* (1991). As of the 93rd Academy Awards, Hopkins is the most recent winner in this category for his portrayal of Anthony in *The Father*.

## Winners and nominees

In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of film release in Los Angeles County; the ceremonies are always held the following year. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months, from August 1 to July 31. For the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1, 1932, to December 31, 1933. Since the 7th ceremony held in 1935, the period of eligibility became the full previous calendar year from January 1 to December 31.

Table key
 §
 †

### 1930s

 File:Fredric March-1.jpg
 File:Charles Laughton-publicity2.JPG

 File:Paul Muni - Zola - 1936.jpg
 File:Spencer Tracy.jpg

### 1940s

 File:Annex - Stewart, James (Call Northside 777) 01.jpg
 File:Gary Cooper 1936.jpg
 File:James cagney promo photo.jpg
 File:Bing Crosby 1951.jpg
 File:Laurence Olivier - portrait.JPG

### 1950s

 File:Holden-portrait.jpg
 File:Marlon Brando in The Men.jpg
 File:Ernest Borgnine McHale McHale's Navy 1962.JPG
 File:Yul Brynner Anna and the King television 1972.JPG
 File:Sir Alec Guinness 4 (2) Allan Warren.jpg

### 1960s

 File:Burt Lancaster - publicity 1947.JPG
 File:Gregory Peck 1948.jpg
 File:Sidney Poitier 1968.jpg
 File:Rex Harrison face.jpg
 File:John Wayne - still portrait.jpg

### 1970s

 File:George C. Scott - publicity.JPG
 File:Gene Hackman - 1972.jpg
 File:Jack Lemmon - 1968 (cropped).jpg
 File:Jack Nicholson - 1976 (new).jpg
 File:Peter Finch 2.jpg
 File:Dustin Hoffman - 1968.jpg

### 2000s

 File:Adrien Brody Cannes 2014.jpg
 File:Sean Penn by Sachyn Mital (cropped).jpg
 File:Jamie Foxx Django avp.jpg
 File:Philip Seymour Hoffman 2011.jpg
 File:Forest Whitaker 2014.jpg

### 2010s

 File:Jean Dujardin Cannes 2011.jpg

 File:Gary Oldman in 2017 (36334517524).jpg

 File:Joaquin Phoenix-2196 (cropped).jpg

## Nominated and/or winning portrayals of the same role across different movies

### Overlaps between Leading and Supporting Actor

Portrayals of the same role that spanned over leading and supporting performances.

## Nominations for portraying multiple characters in the same film

* Charles Chaplin as Adenoid Hynkel and "The Barber" in *The Great Dictator*
* Jose Ferrer as Toulouse Lautrec and his father in *Moulin Rouge*
* Peter Sellers as Group Captain Lionel Mandrake, President Merkin Muffley, and the title character in *Dr. Strangelove*
* Lee Marvin (winner) as Kid Shelleen and Tim Strawn in *Cat Ballou*
* Nicolas Cage as Charlie and Donald Kaufman in *Adaptation*

## Diversity of nominees/winners

### Asian nominees/winners

Seven actors of Asian descent and/or nationality have been nominated a total of eight times in this category, and three actors have won this award.

* **1956** – Template:Country data Far Eastern Republic/Template:Country data Switzerland/ **Yul Brynner** for ***The King and I*** as **King Mongkut of Siam**
* 1971 – Template:Country data Israel Topol for *Fiddler on the Roof* as Tevye
* **1982** – Template:Country data India/ **Ben Kingsley** for ***Gandhi*** as **Mahatma Gandhi**
* **1984** – Template:Country data Syria/ **F. Murray Abraham** for ***Amadeus*** as **Antonio Salieri**
* 2003 – Template:Country data India/ Ben Kingsley for *House of Sand and Fog* as Colonel Massoud Amir Behrani (1 of **2**)
* 2011 – Template:Country data Lebanon/Template:Country data Mexico Demián Bichir for *A Better Life* as Carlos Galindo
* 2020 – Template:Country data Pakistan/ Riz Ahmed for *Sound of Metal* as Ruben Stone
* 2020 – Template:Country data South Korea/ Steven Yeun for *Minari* as Jacob Yi

### Black nominees/winners

Fifteen black actors have been nominated a total of twenty-four times in this category, and four actors have won this award.

* 1958 – Template:Country data Bahamas/ Sidney Poitier for *The Defiant Ones* as Noah Cullen
* **1963** – Template:Country data Bahamas/ **Sidney Poitier** for ***Lilies of the Field*** as **Homer Smith** (**1** of **2**)
* 1970 –  James Earl Jones for *The Great White Hope* as Jack Jefferson
* 1972 –  Paul Winfield for *Sounder* as Nathan Lee Morgan
* 1986 –  Dexter Gordon for *Round Midnight* as Dale Turner
* 1989 –  Morgan Freeman for *Driving Miss Daisy* as Hoke Colburn
* 1992 –  Denzel Washington for *Malcolm X* as Malcolm X
* 1993 –  Laurence Fishburne for *What's Love Got to Do with It* as Ike Turner
* 1994 –  Morgan Freeman for *The Shawshank Redemption* as Ellis Boyd 'Red' Redding (0 of **2**)
* 1999 –  Denzel Washington for *The Hurricane* as Rubin Carter (0 of **2**)
* **2001** –  **Denzel Washington** for ***Training Day*** as **Alonzo Harris** (**1** of **3**)
* 2001 –  Will Smith for *Ali* as Muhammad Ali
* **2004** –  **Jamie Foxx** for ***Ray*** as **Ray Charles**
* 2004 –  Don Cheadle for *Hotel Rwanda* as Paul Rusesabagina
* 2005 –  Terrence Howard for *Hustle & Flow* as DJay
* **2006** –  **Forest Whitaker** for ***The Last King of Scotland*** as **Idi Amin**
* 2006 –  Will Smith for *The Pursuit of Happyness* as Chris Gardner (0 of **2**)
* 2009 –  Morgan Freeman for *Invictus* as Nelson Mandela (0 of **3**)
* 2012 –  Denzel Washington for *Flight* as William "Whip" Whitaker (1 of **4**)
* 2013 – Template:Country data Nigeria/ Chiwetel Ejiofor for *12 Years a Slave* as Solomon Northup
* 2016 –  Denzel Washington for *Fences* as Troy Maxson (1 of **5**)
* 2017 –  Denzel Washington for *Roman J. Israel, Esq.* as Roman J. Israel (1 of **6**)
* 2017 – Template:Country data Uganda/ Daniel Kaluuya for *Get Out* as Chris Washington
* 2020 –  Chadwick Boseman for *Ma Rainey's Black Bottom* as Levee Green †

### Hispanic/Latin American nominees/winners

Seven actors of Hispanic/Latin American descent and/or nationality have been nominated a total of twelve times in this category, and two actors have won this award.

* **1950** – Template:Country data Puerto Rico **José Ferrer** for ***Cyrano de Bergerac*** as **Cyrano de Bergerac**
* 1952 – Template:Country data Puerto Rico José Ferrer for *Moulin Rouge* as Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec / Comte Alphonse de Toulouse-Lautrec (1 of **2**)
* 1957 – Template:Country data Mexico Anthony Quinn for *Wild Is the Wind* as Gino
* 1964 – Template:Country data Mexico Anthony Quinn for *Zorba the Greek* as Alexis Zorba (0 of **2**)
* 1988 – Template:Country data Mexico/ Edward James Olmos for *Stand and Deliver* as Jaime Escalante
* 2000 – Template:Country data Spain Javier Bardem for *Before Night Falls* as Reinaldo Arenas
* 2005 – Template:Country data Puerto Rico/ Joaquin Phoenix for *Walk the Line* as John R. "Johnny" Cash
* 2010 – Template:Country data Spain Javier Bardem for *Biutiful* as Uxbal (0 of **2**)
* 2011 – Template:Country data Mexico/Template:Country data Lebanon Demián Bichir for *A Better Life* as Carlos Galindo
* 2012 – Template:Country data Puerto Rico/ Joaquin Phoenix for *The Master* as Freddie Quell (0 of **2**)
* **2019** – Template:Country data Puerto Rico/ **Joaquin Phoenix** for ***Joker*** as **Arthur Fleck / Joker** (**1** of **3**)
* 2019 – Template:Country data Spain Antonio Banderas for *Pain and Glory* as Salvador Mallo

### Oceanic nominees/winners

Five Oceanic actors have been nominated a total of nine times in this category, and three actors have won this award.

* 1971 –  Peter Finch for *Sunday Bloody Sunday* as Dr. Daniel Hirsh
* **1976** –  **Peter Finch** for ***Network*** as **Howard Beale** **†** (**1** of **2**)
* **1996** –  **Geoffrey Rush** for ***Shine*** as **David Helfgott**
* 1999 – /Template:Country data New Zealand Russell Crowe for *The Insider* as Dr. Jeffrey Wigand
* **2000** – /Template:Country data New Zealand **Russell Crowe** for ***Gladiator*** as **Maximus Decimus Meridius** (**1** of **2**)
* 2000 –  Geoffrey Rush for *Quills* as Marquis de Sade (1 of **2**)
* 2001 – /Template:Country data New Zealand Russell Crowe for *A Beautiful Mind* as John Nash (1 of **3**)
* 2005 –  Heath Ledger for *Brokeback Mountain* as Ennis Del Mar
* 2012 –  Hugh Jackman for *Les Misérables* as Jean Valjean

### LGBTQ winners/nominees

Seven LGBTQ actors have been nominated a total of thirteen times in this category, and two actors have won this award (with Marlon Brando winning twice but refusing one).

* 1951 – Marlon Brando (Bisexual) for *A Streetcar Named Desire* as Stanley Kowalski
* 1952 – Marlon Brando (Bisexual) for *Viva Zapata!* as Emiliano Zapata (0 of **2**)
* 1953 – Marlon Brando (Bisexual) for *Julius Caesar* as Mark Antony (0 of **3**)
* **1954** – **Marlon Brando** (**Bisexual**) for ***On the Waterfront*** as **Terry Malloy** (**1** of **4**)
* 1957 – Marlon Brando (Bisexual) for *Sayonara* as Major Lloyd "Ace" Gruver, USAF (1 of **5**)
* 1968 – Alan Bates (Bisexual) for *The Fixer* as Yakov Bok
* **1972** – **Marlon Brando** (**Bisexual**) for ***The Godfather*** as **Vito Corleone** (**2** of **6, *Refused***)
* 1972 – Paul Winfield (Gay) for *Sounder* as Nathan Lee Morgan
* 1973 – Marlon Brando (Bisexual) for *Last Tango in Paris* as Paul (2 of **7**)
* 1984 – Tom Hulce (Gay) for *Amadeus* as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
* 1994 – Nigel Hawthorne (Gay) for *The Madness of King George* as King George III
* 1998 – Ian McKellen (Gay) for *Gods and Monsters* as James Whale
* **1999** – **Kevin Spacey** (**Gay**) for ***American Beauty*** as **Lester Burnham**

### Non-English language nominees/winners

Thirteen actors with non-English performances have been nominated a total of sixteen times in this category, and one actor has won this award.

* 1962 – Template:Country data Italy (Italian) Marcello Mastroianni for *Divorce Italian Style* as Ferdinando Cefalù
* 1968 –  (American Sign Language) Alan Arkin for *The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter* as John Singer
* 1976 – Template:Country data Italy (Italian) Giancarlo Giannini for *Seven Beauties* as Pasqualino "Settebellezze" Frafuso
* 1977 – Template:Country data Italy (Italian) Marcello Mastroianni for *A Special Day* as Gabriele (0 of **2**)
* 1987 – Template:Country data Italy (Italian) Marcello Mastroianni for *Dark Eyes* as Romano Patroni (0 of **3**)
* 1988 – Template:Country data Sweden (Swedish) Max von Sydow for *Pelle the Conqueror* as Lassefar "Lasse" Karlsson
* 1990 – Template:Country data France (French) Gérard Depardieu for *Cyrano de Bergerac* as Cyrano de Bergerac
* 1995 – Template:Country data Italy (Italian) Massimo Troisi for *Il Postino: The Postman* as Mario Ruoppolo
* **1998** – Template:Country data Italy (**Italian**) **Roberto Benigni** for ***Life Is Beautiful*** as **Guido Orefice**
* 2000 – Template:Country data Spain (Spanish) Javier Bardem for *Before Night Falls* as Reinaldo Arenas
* 2010 – Template:Country data Spain (Spanish) Javier Bardem for *Biutiful* as Uxbal (0 of **2**)
* 2011 – Template:Country data Mexico (Mexican Spanish) Demián Bichir for *A Better Life* as Carlos Galindo
* 2017 – Template:Country data France/Template:Country data Italy (French/Italian) Timothée Chalamet for *Call Me by Your Name* as Elio Perlman
* 2019 – Template:Country data Spain (Spanish) Antonio Banderas for *Pain and Glory* as Salvador Mallo
* 2020 – Template:Country data South Korea (Korean) Steven Yeun for *Minari* as Jacob Yi
* 2020 –  (American Sign Language) Riz Ahmed for *Sound of Metal* as Ruben Stone

## See also

* All Academy Award acting nominees
* BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role
* Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Actor
* Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
* Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
* Independent Spirit Award for Best Male Lead
* Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role

## Notes

**A**(Jannings): According to longstanding Hollywood legend, reported by Susan Orlean, Rin Tin Tin actually received the most Best Actor votes, but the Academy (not wishing to give the first award to a dog) refactored the votes to ensure that Jannings won.
**B**<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>**1** <templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>**2** <templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>**3** : Rules at the time of the first three ceremonies allowed for a performer to receive a single nomination which could honor their work in more than one film. George Arliss, Maurice Chevalier, and Ronald Colman were all nominated for two different roles in the same category. Current Academy rules forbid this from happening. No official reason was ever given as to why Arliss won the award for only one of the two films he was listed for.
**C**<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>**1** <templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>**2** : Fredric March received one more vote than Wallace Beery. Academy rules at that time considered such a close margin to be a tie, so both March and Beery received the award. Under current Academy rules, however, dual awards are given only for exact ties.

1. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"Rule One: Award Definitions" (PDF). Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). p. 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 21, 2014. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
2. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"Rule Six: Special Rules for the Acting Awards" (PDF). Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). p. 8-7. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 21, 2014. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
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55. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 45th Academy Awards (1973) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
56. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 46th Academy Awards (1974) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
57. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 47th Academy Awards (1975) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
58. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 48th Academy Awards (1976) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
59. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 49th Academy Awards (1977) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
60. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 50th Academy Awards (1978) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
61. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 51st Academy Awards (1979) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
62. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 52nd Academy Awards (1980) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
63. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 53rd Academy Awards (1980) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
64. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 54th Academy Awards (1982) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
65. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 55th Academy Awards (1983) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on September 5, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
66. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 56th Academy Awards (1984) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
67. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 57th Academy Awards (1985) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
68. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 58th Academy Awards (1986) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
69. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 59th Academy Awards (1987) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
70. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 60th Academy Awards (1988) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
71. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 61st Academy Awards (1989) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on July 6, 2011. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
72. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 62nd Academy Awards (1990) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
73. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 63rd Academy Awards (1991) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
74. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 64th Academy Awards (1992) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
75. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 65th Academy Awards (1993) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
76. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 66th Academy Awards (1994) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
77. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 67th Academy Awards (1995) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
78. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 68th Academy Awards (1996) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
79. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 69th Academy Awards (1997) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
80. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 70th Academy Awards (1998) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
81. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 71st Academy Awards (1999) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
82. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 72nd Academy Awards (2000) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
83. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 73rd Academy Awards (2001) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
84. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 74th Academy Awards (2002) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
85. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 75th Academy Awards (2003) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
86. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 76th Academy Awards (2004) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
87. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 77th Academy Awards (2005) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on May 2, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
88. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 78th Academy Awards (2006) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on November 9, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
89. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 79th Academy Awards (2007) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
90. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 80th Academy Awards (2008) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
91. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 81st Academy Awards (2009) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on November 10, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
92. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 82nd Academy Awards (2010) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on September 29, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
93. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 83rd Academy Awards (2011) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on May 5, 2011. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
94. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 84th Academy Awards (2012) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on October 15, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
95. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 85th Academy Awards (2013) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on October 14, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
96. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 86th Academy Awards (2014) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on October 14, 2014. Retrieved April 10, 2014.
97. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 87th Academy Awards (2015) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on March 10, 2015. Retrieved January 15, 2015.
98. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 88th Academy Awards (2016) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on January 25, 2016. Retrieved January 14, 2016.
99. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"The 89th Academy Awards (2017) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on March 3, 2017. Retrieved January 14, 2017.
100. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Barnes, Brooks (2018). "2018 Oscar Nominations: 'The Shape of Water' Leads With 13 Nominations". *The New York Times*. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 23, 2018.
101. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Hipes, Patrick (2019). "Oscar Nominations – The Complete List Of Noms". *The New York Times*. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 22, 2019.
102. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Barnes, Brooks (2020). "Oscar Nominations 2020: 'Joker' and 'Irishman' Lead the Nominees". *The New York Times*. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
103. ↑ The eligibility period for the 93rd ceremony was extended through to February 28, 2021, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
104. ↑ Complete list of nominees for the 93rd Academy Awards. *ABC News* (March 15, 2021).
105. ↑ 105.0 105.1 105.2 <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"Oldest/Youngest Acting Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on March 1, 2009. Retrieved September 16, 2014.
106. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Orlean, Susan (August 29, 2011). "The Dog Star". *The New Yorker*. Archived from the original on January 28, 2015. Retrieved January 25, 2015.
107. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Brooks, Xan. "Award posthumous Oscar to dog star Rin Tin Tin, says biographer". *The Guardian*. Archived from the original on January 28, 2015. Retrieved January 25, 2015.
108. ↑ Template:Harvnb
109. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Rooney, David (November 25, 2003). "On the double-bubble". *Variety*. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
110. ↑ Template:Harvnb

## Bibliography

* Crouse, Richard (2005). *Reel Winners: Movie Award Trivia*. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-1-55002-574-3. https://archive.org/details/reelwinnersmovie0000crou.
* Template:Citation
* Orlean, Susan (2011). *Rin Tin Tin: The Life and the Legend*. New York, United States: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1-43919-015-9.
* Osborne, Robert (2013). *85 Years of the Oscar: The Complete History of the Academy Awards*. New York, United States: Abbeville Publishing Group. ISBN 978-078921-142-2.
* Template:Citation
* Template:Citation

## External links

Template:Commons

* Oscars.org (official Academy site)
* The Academy Awards Database (official site)
* Oscar.com (official ceremony promotional site)

Template:Authority control

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