Talasian language

Talasian (Talašais) is a Sea-Germanic language mainly spoken in the archipelago country of Talasia. It is the only official language of the Republic of Talasia.

## Phonology

### Alphabet

The language uses 6 main vowels, with every vowel except for e having an acute version. Double vowels (aa, ee) are long vowels.

Double consonants (nn, kk) are geminates. The double consonant "hh" makes a /ç/ sound.

##### Spelling changes

If 2 words that start with "j" are next to eachother, the last word will have an "h" before the "j". Examples:

* ja **h**je

### Phonotactics

#### Syllable Structure

Talasian's syllable structure is (C)(C)V(C)(C).

* Onset - any consonant
* Nucleus - any vowel or diphthong
* Coda - any consonant except for f, ḱ, p, ù/w, and ż

## Grammar

### Syntax

Talasian uses the SVO word order. Adjectives come before the noun,

### Plurals

Talasian uses the suffix "-són" to turn a noun into a plural. Eg.

* Politar - City
* Politar**són** - Cities

* Čikka - Chicken
* Čikka**són** - Chickens

### Cases

#### Abessive Case (ABE)

This case is used to mark that an object is without something. It is marked by the suffix "-mig". Examples:

* Ty je haus**mig**. - You are **without** a house.
* Ne, my je kaci**mig**. - No, i am **without** a cat.

#### Ablative Case (ABL)

This case is used to mark that an object is from something. It is marked by the suffix "-vy". Examples:

* My je Talaša**vy**. - I'm **from** Talasia.
* Je ost polt**vy**. - It's **from** that building.

#### Adessive Case (ADE)

This case is used to mark that an object is near something. It is marked by the suffix "-ynan" (this suffix can replace the last letter if the word ends with a vowel). Examples:

* My je ja aut**ynan**. - I'm **near** the car.
* Ty je jo ospital**ynan**. - You're **near** the hospital.

#### Allative Case (ALL)

This case is used to mark that an object is going to something. It is marked by the suffix "-zai/-kit". Examples:

* My kahy ja maias**zai**. - I jumped **to** the table,
* My jo politar**kit**. - I'm **going to** the city.

#### Antessive Case (ANTE)

This case is used to mark that an object is before something, time or location. It is marked by the suffix "-by". Examples:

* Jo soi**by** - **Before** the morning
* Ja haus**by** - **Before** the house

#### Apudessive Case (APUD)

This case is used to mark that an object is next to something. It is marked by the suffix "-ka". Examples:

* Ja kaci je jo bossim**ka**. - The cat is **next** **to** the box.
* My je netja tram**ka**. - I am not **next to** the train.

#### Benefactive Case (BEN)

This case is used to mark that an object is for something. It is marked by the suffix "-va". Examples:

* My kavra at to**va**. - I made it **for** you.
* Ja levoiu**va**. - **For** the country.

#### Causal Case (CAUS)

This case is used to mark that an object is because of something. It is marked by the suffix "-neny". Examples:

* Je to**neny**. - It is **because of** you.
* Ja hjis**neny**, at kasta. - **Because of** the fire, it stopped.

#### Comitative Case (COM)

This case is used to mark that an object is with something. It is marked by the suffix "-mi". Examples:

* My je to**mi**. - I'm **with** you.
* Hy je jo korp**mi**. - They are **with** the corporation.

#### Dative Case (DAT)

For the Dative Case, Talasian places "y" after a word to mark it as an indirect object. Indirect objects usually go last but can also be placed first.

* My use. - I give.
* My use tam **ja hyn y**. - I give the dog **food**. (The bolded text is the indirect object)
* My use **ja hyn y** tam. - I give food to **the dog**.

#### Genitive Case (GEN)

This case is used to mark that an object belongs to something. It is marked by the suffix "-aim" or the word "á". Examples:

* Unau**aim** Amerika - Union **of** America
* Haus **á** jo prozino - House **of** the President

#### Inessive Case (INE)

This case is used to mark that an object is inside something. It is marked by the suffix "-na". Examples:

* My je Talaša**na**. - I'm **in** Talasia.
* Ky je ja auto**na**. - He/she's **in** the car.

#### Instrumental Case (INS)

This case is used to mark the object done to do something. Talasian places "zy" after the object to mark this case.

* Ky kajel - komputeren **zy**. - He/she played - with a computer.
* My katop - myn oitsón **zy**. - I walked - with my legs.

#### Locative Case (LOC)

This case is used to mark that an object is inside something. It is marked by the suffix "-ny". Examples:

* Ty je heno**ny**, - You're **here**. (**on** here)
* Kaje jo polt**ny**. - It was **on** the building.

#### Postessive Case (POSTE)

This case is used to mark that an object is after something, time or location. It is marked by the suffix "-zi". Examples:

* Ja stai**zi** - **Before** the end
* Je ja auto**zi** - It is **before** the car

### Tenses

The main Talasian tenses are; Past, Present, Future

#### Past Tense

The Past Tense indicates that something happened in the past. It uses the prefix "ka-/kal-".

* My **ka**ved to - I **saw** you
* Myn friša **ka**vra ist - My friend **made** this
* Ky **kal**ose at - He **had** it

##### Past Incomplete

This is a form of Past Tense which indicates that a past action had been interrupted. It uses the prefix "yka-/ykal-".

* My **yka**topy, al sten ty kaváste myn bossii. - I **was** walk**ing**, and then you stole my bag.

##### Past Habitual

This is a form of Past Tense which indicates that a past action had been done habitually, but is no longer done. It uses the prefix "ika-/ikal-".

* My **ika**montekit isodaany. - I **used to** go to the mountain everyday,

#### Present/Progressive Tense

The Present/Progressive Tense indicates that something is happening now. It uses the prefix "ky-/kyl-". Examples:

* My **ky**sā Talašais - I'm speak**ing** Talasian
* My **ky**vra at - I'm mak**ing** it
* My **kyl**ja tramkit - I'm go**ing** to the train

#### Future Tense

The Future Tense indicates that something will happen in the future. It uses the prefix "ko-/kol-". Examples:

* My **ko**vra at - I **will** make it
* Ty **ko**ved vaia my kakog - You **will** see what i thought
* My **ko**netfundom at - I **will** not find it

### Numbers

Numbers below 20

* 1 - ein (one)
* 2 - drai (two)
* 5 - vau (five)
* 10 - tyn (ten)
* 11 - tyn-ein (ten-one)
* 15 - tyn-vau (ten-five)

Numbers after 19

* 20 - draityn (twoten)
* 21 - draityn-ein (twoten-one)
* 50 - vautyn (fiveten)
* 100 - tym (hundred)
* 200 - draitym (twohundred)
* 221 - draitym-draityn-ein (twohundred-twoten-one)

Numbers specifying the amount go before the word, while ordinal numbers go after the word.

* **vau** bossii - **five** boxes
* bossii **vau** - **fifth** box / box **five**

### Affixes

#### Prefixes

* kal - very, more
* eg. **kal**uhei - **very** old, old**er**
* koin - against, anti
* eg. **koin**hēs - **anti**kill, **against** killing
* net - no, not
* eg. **net**kuhyitu - **non**existent
* pain - important
* eg. **pan**politar - **important** city
* tele - technology
* eg. **tele**sonno - **telephone**
* val - sort of, kind of
* eg. **val**rau - **kind of** red

#### Suffixes

* var/ar - object, thing
* eg. vji**var** - **medicine**
* las - place, land
* eg. tat**las** - wood**land**, **forest**
* leti - small, tiny
* eg, kaci**leti** - **kitten**
* mer - former
* eg. vji**mer** - **former** doctor
* mir - person able to do
* eg. vji**mir** - heal**er**, **doctor**
* móó - able to do
* eg. stais**móó -** stoppable

### Frequencies

Frequencies are suffixes that mark the frequency of something.

Frequencies
 -nai
 -mai
 -kai
 -ki

* My intankit**ne**. - I never go out,
* My intankit**nai**. - I rarely go out,
* My intankit**mai**. - I sometimes go out.
* My intankit**kai**. - I frequently go out.
* My intankit**ki**. - I always go out.

### Articles

#### Definite Article

Talasian does not have an indefinite article (a/an). Talasian has a definite article (the). The definite article is "ja" (used if the first vowel is a front vowel) and "jo". (used if the first vowel is a central or back vowel)

* **Ja** auto - **The** car
* **Jo** ljen - **The** light

#### Negative Article

In Talasian, the negative article is a prefix. The prefix is "nen-". Examples:

* **Nen**hyn - **No** dog
* **Nen**auto - **No** car

### Moods

#### Imperative Mood

The imperative mood is a grammatical mood that marks a command/order. This mood is marked by the suffix "-yli (this can replace the last letter if the verb ends with a vowel). You can also place the particle "sa" before the sentence.

* Ty take. - You work.
* Ty tak**yli**. - You work. (command)
* Sa ty take. - You work. (command)

#### Interrogative Mood (INT)

The interrogative mood is a grammatical mood that marks a question. Talasian uses the VSO word order (or the prefix ky-) for the interrogative mood.

* Ty je henony. - You are there.
* Je ty henony? - Are you there?
* **Ky**ty je henony? - Are you there?

Instead of words like "what" or "who", Talasian places these particles at the start of the question.

* ivo - asks "who?"
* iva - asks "what?"
* ivai - asks "when?"
* ive - asks "where?"
* iiv - asks "why?"
* ivoj - asks "which?"
* ivy - asks "how?"

#### Potential Mood (POT)

The potential mood is a grammatical mood that (in the opinion of the speaker) indicates something is likely to happen. This mood is marked by the suffix "-yni" (this can replace the last letter if the verb ends with a vowel)

* My kokittu. - I will leave.
* My kokitt**yni.** - I probably will leave.

### Comparative

#### -lene

The **-lene** suffix indicates that something has the most value of an adjective. Eg.

* Boi - Good
* Boi**lene** - Best

#### -lenó

The **-lenó** suffix indicates that there is too much value of an adjective. Eg.

* Tos - Slow
* Tos**lenó** - Too slow

#### -len

The **-len** suffix indicates that something has more value of an adjective. Eg.

* Maa - Bad
* Maa**len** - Worse

#### -lán

The **-lán** suffix indicates that something has equal value of an adjective. Eg.

* Uusu - Long
* Uusu**lán** - Equally long - Just as long

#### -lan

The **-lan** suffix indicates that something has less value of an adjective. Eg.

* Kaa - Big
* Kaa**lan -** Less big

#### -lanó

The -**lanó** suffix indicates that that something has too less vallue of an adjective. Eg.

* Sóó - Smooth
* Sóó**lanó** - Rough

#### -lana

The **-lana** suffix indicates that something has the least value of an adjective. Eg.

* Too - Happy
* Too**lana** - Least happy

### Infinitives

Infinitives present a verb as a concept rather than an action. Talasian uses the infix -or- to create an infinitive. This infix is put before the first vowel. Eg.

* vra - to make
* vorra - to make (as an infinitive)