Proto-Northern language

The †**Proto-Pallashan** (Rarely: †**Proto-Northern**) language is the common ancester of the Pallashan macro family. There are no direct records of the Proto-Pallashan language. It ceased to exist between 10.000 HA and 8.000 HA, when it had split into two language families "Core-Pallashan" and "Rojushan".

# History

It originated in the region of Pallashia which is now underwater. It existed until 9.000 HA. The increase of the sea level separated people in the north and in the south, causing the Proto-Pallasha language to form two separated families. The language by itself is completely pure without any substratus at all. It is not weird for a language that much old.

# Phonology

The phonology is quite unique in some aspects but at the same time it is not very hard but I would like to admit that there are some hard words to pronounce like kajji [kajːiɦʲjiː].

#### Reading rools

If there is any doubled vowel (Like: *oo, ee, aa* etc) you read it not as [oo] but as [oɦo].

*kh, kt, kj, vk* are read as [kəh], [kət], [kəj], [vək].

*jj* is read as [jːiɦʲj].

# Morphology

#### Noun

Proto-Pallashan noun had a gender and a singular/plural forms.

It is important to note that most of the nouns are still genderless and these two affixes are rarely used. Commonly those appear in pronouns (Hajad - I (masc.), Hajet - I (fem.)).

Plural form is made by only adding *-e* at the end of a noun (Sojkt - a house, sojkte - houses).

##### Connecting phonemes

If it is needed to connect two different stems we use connecting phonemes.

Con. con. (After vowels): -j- (Kohk + hoojkh = kohkjhookh);

Con. vow. (After voiced con.): -i- (Gud + vujskt = gudivujskt);

Con. vow. (After voiceless con.): -u- (Suut + ktood = Suutuktood).

#### Pronouns

*Haj* - the root of the first person pronoun, can be used in informal communication, since there is no need to clarify your gender. Also, to indicate the plural, just add the postfix “-e” (Haje)

Hajad - I (masc.)

Hajet - I (fem.)

Hajade - We (masc.)

Hajete - We (fem.)

*Ji* is the root of the second person pronoun, can be used in informal settings (similar to haj). The plural situation of "haj" also applies to "ji" - jie

Jiad - You (masc.)

Jiet - You (fem.)

Jiade - You (masc.)

Jiete - You (fem.)

*Sa* is the root of the third person pronoun. Using the root in its pure form in an informal setting and with the postfix “-e” to denote plurals. h. similarly with the previous pronouns.

Saad - He

Saet - She

Saade - They (masc.)

Saete - They (fem.)

#### Verb

Proto-Pallashan verbs have no time or conjugation. Technically the language does not possess any verbs at all. But it has a special "movement" particle which transforms a noun into a verb. For example: Sjeah - water, Ki sjeah - to swim.

*-ki* - movement partical.

#### Adjectives

Basically they are the nouns that go before other nouns ("Hoot pat" - "A good gift", "Hoot, pat" - "Goodness, gift").

# Syntax

In its structure the Proto-Pallashan language was very similar to the Earts's Chinese or Thai languages. The word order is VSO and VSO only (Ki bood sojkt saet - She goes home (Literally: "Move house she")).

1) Baic VSO word order;

2) Adjectives before nouns;

3)Prepositions rather than postpositions.

# Vocabulary

The important thing is that the meanings of the words are very abtract and could be used for various things, depending on the context.

bodai [bodai]— person

ad [ad] — man

et [ɛt] — woman

gud [ɡud] — light

gudet [ɡudɛt] — sun

gudad [ɡudad] — fire

tuuh [tuɦuːx] — catle

sojkt [sojkə‌t]— house/home

vujskt [sojkə‌t] — sky

eekoh [eɦeko]— food

tokta [tokta] — land

sjeah [sːɪ‌ja‌x]— water

kohkj [kohkəʲ]— darkness

bood [boɦod] —movement

kih [kʲiːhʲ]— кedge

toa [toa] — not

kjot [kʲɪ‌jot] — 1

gaas [ɡaɦas] — 2

vohks [voxksː] — 3

dit [dɪt] — 4

tajka [taɪ‌ka] — 5

vuud [vuɦud] — 6

etes [ɛtɛs] — 7

kaah [kaɦah] — 8

geut [ɡeut] — 9

soov [soɦov] — 10

jegdem - 100

teejks [tɛɦɛjɪ‌ks] — vision

utvua [u‌tvua] — hear

ktood [ktoɦod] — pain

tuuaj [tuɦuaj] — end(That is it)

vakste [vakste] — clothes

jjut [jːiɦʲjːuːt] - leg

udaks [udaks] - dog

hoojkh [xoɦojkə‌h] - day

kohkj hoojkh - night

suut [suɦut] - dream/sleep

gaeba [ɡaːɛ‌ba] - bed/laying down

iti [itʲi] - height/up/getting up

kajji [kajːiɦʲjiː] - opening/door

tabat [tabaːt] - hole/window

mujkt [mujkə‌t] - hunt/spy/look for

hati [xatɪ] - path/road

gaa [gaɦa] - chair/to sit

ooi [oɦoĭ] - rock/stone/mountain

baatev [baɦatɛv] - catch/trap/tricky

mi [mi] - cat

dakt [dakt] - folk/people/people's

pat [pat] - to get/gift

ii [iɦi] - and

hasa [hasa] - grass/field

gono [ɡono] - tree

tonevk [tonɛːvə̆k] - wolf

hoot [hoɦot] - to like/good/love/to love

Ksaj [ksaj] — to meet/meeting

Gono-j-suut [gonoɪɪ̯suɦut] — (tree dreamgrave)

jaap [jaɦap] — moon

vadi [vadʲi] — to stand/floor/standing

gased [ɡasɛd] — to milk/cow/milky

hada [hada] — to bend over

jaaka [jaɦaka] — to play/child/childish