South America

South America is a continent located in the western hemisphere, mostly in the southern hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the northern hemisphere. It may also be considered a subcontinent of the Americas, which is how it is viewed in the Spanish-speaking regions of the Americas. The reference to South America instead of other regions (like Latin America or the Southern Cone) has increased in the last decades due to changing geopolitical dynamics (in particular, the rise of Brazil).

## Mammals

JaguarGiant AnteaterCapybaraPeruvian Spider MonkeyVenezuelan Red HowlerEmperor TamarinBald-headed UakariPygmy MarmosetGuianan Squirrel MonkeyGuanacoBrazilian TapirMountain TapirBrown-throated SlothHumanSouth American CoatiCommon Vampire BatManed WolfCuban HutiaGiant OtterAmazon River DolphinSpectacled BearSouthern TamanduaGiant ArmadilloSouthern ViscachaLlamaPatagonian MaraLong-tailed ChinchillaDarwin's FoxMarsh DeerCotton-top TamarinGolden Lion TamarinTufted CapuchinMargayVicuñaBrazilian PorcupineKodkodCommon MarmosetAzara's AgoutiHoffmann's Two-toed SlothWhite-faced SakiBrazilian Three-banded ArmadilloCulpeoNutriaCommon DeguBush DogBaird's TapirTayraPampas CatSouthern PuduSouth American Sea LionGalápagos Fur SealSouthern Right WhaleCommerson's DolphinGiant Ground Sloth†*Doedicurus*†*Macrauchenia*†*Thylacosmilus*†*Livyatan*†Pygmy Sperm WhaleLittle White-shouldered BatAmazonian ManateeBurmeister's PorpoiseTucuxi
## Birds

Scarlet MacawBlue and Gold MacawToco ToucanHoatzinHarpy EagleMagellanic PenguinRed-crested CardinalSouthern Rockhopper PenguinGreater RheaGuianan ToucanetSun ParakeetBlue-footed BoobyMagnificent FrigatebirdRed-legged SeriemaScarlet IbisKing VultureAndean CondorHyacinth MacawMilitary MacawSpectacled OwlAndean Cock-of-the-rockCrimson-bellied ParakeetSpix's MacawSword-billed HummingbirdInca TernAndean FlamingoCattle TyrantJabiruKing PenguinShining HoneycreeperHumboldt PenguinSaint Vincent AmazonParadise TanagerLovely CotingaCampo FlickerYellow-throated ToucanGrey-winged TrumpeterMarbled Wood QuailRed-headed ManakinHorned GuanSouthern ScreamerBlack-bellied Whistling DuckGiant HummingbirdGreat CurassowElegant Crested TinamouWoodpecker FinchCapuchinbirdAmazonian MotmotCocoi HeronChilean FlamingoSouthern Crested CaracaraMuscovy DuckBananaquitSunbitternOlive-throated ParakeetPeach-fronted ParakeetWhite-throated ToucanRufous HorneroChestnut-fronted MacawTurquoise-fronted AmazonRed-bellied MacawHorned CurassowBlue-gray TanagerGreat Potoo*Phorusrhacos*†*Argentavis*†
## Reptiles

Green IguanaMarine IguanaYellow-Bellied Sea SnakeGreen AnacondaBoa ConstrictorSpectacled CaimanGalápagos TortoiseArrau TurtleFer-de-lanceRed TeguGiant Parrot SnakeBlack CaimanGold TeguArgentine Black and White TeguAmerican CrocodileEmerald Tree Boa*Titanoboa*†*Tropeognathus*†*Tetrapodophis*†*Tupandactylus*†Matamata
## Dinosaurs

*Carnotaurus*†*Giganotosaurus*†*Argentinosaurus*†*Eoraptor*†
## Amphibians

Golden Dart FrogCane ToadArgentine Horned FrogDyeing Dart FrogBudgett's FrogRinged CaecilianRed-eyed Tree FrogWaxy Monkey Tree FrogPanamanian Golden Frog
## Fish

Red-bellied PiranhaElectric EelFoureye ButterflyfishPirarucuRed-tailed CatfishOscarSouth American LungfishStoplight ParrotfishLongspine SquirrelfishNeon TetraSergeant MajorBlack DragonfishSouthern Stingray*Xiphactinus*†Black Ghost Knifefish*Megalodon*†Piraiba CatfishDoradoRock BeautyIndigo HamletQueen ParrotfishDusky SharkWhitespotted FilefishYellow Longnose ButterflyfishKing AngelfishHoneycomb CowfishZebra ShovelnoseGoldentail MorayAtlantic Blue TangRoyal GrammaNurse SharkXingu River RayQueen TriggerfishLargescale FoureyesChupare StingrayGreen TerrorRazor SurgeonfishJack-KnifefishSpotted DrumAltum AngelfishSmooth TrunkfishCandiruButterfly Peacock BassPrincess ParrotfishShortfin Mako SharkSpotted ScorpionfishConvict TangFlying GurnardBlacktip SharkGalápagos SharkChain MoraySpotted MorayChilean Devil RayOcellate River StingrayCaribbean Reef Shark
## Invertebrates

Leaf-cutter AntCaribbean Reef OctopusGoliath BirdeaterCaribbean Reef SquidSpiny Devil KatydidQueen ConchUmbonia SpinosaVulcanoctopus HydrothermalisRed PostmanYellowline Arrow CrabHuman FleaFlame ScallopOrange Cup CoralBanded Coral ShrimpVenezuelan SuntigerAtlantic White-Spotted OctopusHercules BeetleGolden Silk Orb-WeaverBlack Land CrabTitan BeetleGiant Tube WormPeanut-headed BugZebra LongwingAmazonian Giant CentipedeBrazilian Wandering SpiderZebra Mantis ShrimpTulip SnailHorse Conch