Debbie Reynolds

American actress, singer, and dancerTemplate:SHORTDESC:American actress, singer, and dancer[[Category:**Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Pagetype/config' not found.**s with short description]]

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* Carrie Fisher
* Todd Fisher

**Mary Frances** "**Debbie**" **Reynolds** (April 1, 1932 – December 28, 2016) was an American actress, singer and businesswoman. Her career spanned almost 70 years. She was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Most Promising Newcomer for her portrayal of Helen Kane in the 1950 film *Three Little Words*, and her breakout role was her first leading role, as Kathy Selden in *Singin' in the Rain* (1952). Other successes include *The Affairs of Dobie Gillis* (1953), *Susan Slept Here* (1954), *Bundle of Joy* (1956 Golden Globe nomination), *The Catered Affair* (1956 National Board of Review Best Supporting Actress Winner), and *Tammy and the Bachelor* (1957), in which her performance of the song "Tammy" reached number one on the *Billboard* music charts. In 1959, she released her first pop music album, titled *Debbie*.

She starred in *Singin' in the Rain* (1952), *How the West Was Won* (1962), and *The Unsinkable Molly Brown* (1964), a biographical film about the famously boisterous Molly Brown. Her performance as Brown earned her a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress. Her other films include *The Singing Nun* (1966), *Divorce American Style* (1967), *What's the Matter with Helen?* (1971), *Charlotte's Web* (1973), *Mother* (1996) (Golden Globe nomination), and *In & Out* (1997). Reynolds was also a cabaret performer. In 1979, she founded the Debbie Reynolds Dance Studio in North Hollywood, which still operates today.

In 1969, she starred on television in *The Debbie Reynolds Show*, for which she received a Golden Globe nomination. In 1973, Reynolds starred in a Broadway revival of the musical *Irene* and was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Lead Actress in a Musical. She was also nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award for her performance in *A Gift of Love* (1999) and an Emmy Award for playing Grace's mother Bobbi on *Will & Grace*. At the turn of the millennium, Reynolds reached a new younger generation with her role as Aggie Cromwell in Disney's *Halloweentown* series. In 1988, she released her autobiography, titled *Debbie: My Life*. In 2013, she released a second autobiography, *Unsinkable: A Memoir*.

Reynolds also had several business ventures, including ownership of a dance studio and a Las Vegas hotel and casino, and she was an avid collector of film memorabilia, beginning with items purchased at the landmark 1970 MGM auction. She served as president of The Thalians, an organization dedicated to mental health causes. Reynolds continued to perform successfully on stage, television, and film into her eighties. In January 2015, Reynolds received the Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award. In 2016, she received the Academy Awards Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award. In the same year, a documentary about her life was released titled *Bright Lights: Starring Carrie Fisher and Debbie Reynolds*, which turned out to be her final film appearance; the film premiered on HBO on January 7, 2017.

Reynolds died following a stroke on December 28, 2016, one day after the death of her daughter, Carrie Fisher.

## Early life

Mary Frances Reynolds was born on April 1, 1932, in El Paso, Texas, to Maxene "Minnie" Harman and Raymond Francis "Ray" Reynolds, a carpenter who worked for the Southern Pacific Railroad. She was of Scottish-Irish and English ancestry and was raised in a strict Nazarene church. She had a brother two years her senior. Reynolds was a Girl Scout, once saying that she wanted to die as the world's oldest living Girl Scout. Reynolds was also a member of The International Order of Job's Daughters, now called Job's Daughters International.

Her mother took in laundry for income, while they lived in a shack on Magnolia Street in El Paso. "We may have been poor," she said in a 1963 interview, "but we always had something to eat, even if Dad had to go out on the desert and shoot jackrabbits."Template:Cquote

Her family moved to Burbank, California in 1939. When Reynolds was a sixteen-year-old student at Burbank High School in 1948, she won the Miss Burbank beauty contest. Soon after, she had a contract with Warner Bros and acquired the nickname "Debbie" via Jack L. Warner.

One of her closest high school friends said that she rarely dated during her teenage years in Burbank. Template:Cquote

Reynolds agreed, saying that "when I started, I didn't even know how to dress. I wore dungarees and a shirt. I had no money, no taste and no training." Her friend adds:Template:Cquote

## Career

### Film and television

Reynolds was first discovered by talent scouts from Warner Bros. and MGM who were at the 1948 Miss Burbank contest. Both companies wanted her to sign up with their studio and had to flip a coin to see which one got her. Warner won the coin toss, and she was with the studio for two years. When Warner Brothers stopped producing musicals, she moved to MGM.

With MGM, Reynolds regularly appeared in movie musicals during the 1950s and had several hit records during the period. Her song "Aba Daba Honeymoon" (featured in the film *Two Weeks with Love* (1950) and sung as a duet with co-star Carleton Carpenter) was the first soundtrack recording to become a top-of-the-chart gold record, reaching number three on the *Billboard* charts.

 File:Singin' in the Rain trailer.jpg
Her performance in the film greatly impressed the studio, which then gave her a co-starring role in what would become her highest-profile film, *Singin' in the Rain* (1952), a satire on movie making in Hollywood during the transition from silent to sound pictures. It co-starred Gene Kelly, whom she called a "great dancer and cinematic genius," adding, "He made me a star. I was 18 and he taught me how to dance and how to work hard and be dedicated." In 1956, she appeared in *Bundle of Joy* with her then-husband, Eddie Fisher.

Her starring role in *The Unsinkable Molly Brown* (1964) led to a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress. Reynolds noted that she initially had issues with its director, Charles Walters. "He didn't want me," she said. "He wanted Shirley MacLaine," who at the time was unable to take the role. "He said 'You are totally wrong for the part." But six weeks into production, he reversed his opinion. "He came to me and said, "I have to admit that I was wrong. You are playing the role really well. I'm pleased." Reynolds also played in *Goodbye Charlie*, a 1964 comedy film about a callous womanizer who gets his just reward. It was adapted from George Axelrod's play *Goodbye, Charlie* and also starred Tony Curtis and Pat Boone.

She next portrayed Jeanine Deckers in *The Singing Nun* (1966). In what Reynolds once called the "stupidest mistake of my entire career", she made headlines in 1970 after instigating a fight with the NBC television network over cigarette advertising on her weekly television show. Although she was television's highest paid female performer at the time, she quit the show for breaking its contract:

> I was shocked to discover that the initial commercial aired during the premiere of my new series was devoted to a nationally advertised brand of cigarette (Pall Mall). I fully outlined my personal feelings concerning cigarette advertising ... that I will not be a party to such commercials which I consider directly opposed to health and well-being.
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When NBC explained to Reynolds that banning cigarette commercials from her show would be impossible, she kept her resolve. The show drew mixed reviews, but according to NBC, it captured about 42 percent of the nation's viewing audience. She said later she was especially concerned about the commercials because of the number of children watching the show. She did quit doing the show after about a year, which she said had cost her about $2 million of lost income: "Maybe I was a fool to quit the show, but at least I was an honest fool. I'm not a phony or pretender. With me it wasn't a question of money but integrity. I'm the one who has to live with myself." The dispute would have been rendered moot and in Reynolds' favor anyway had she not resigned; by 1971, the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act (which had been passed into law before she left the show) would ban all radio and television advertising for tobacco products.

Reynolds played the title role in the Hanna-Barbera animated musical *Charlotte's Web*, in which she originated the song "Mother Earth and Father Time". Reynolds continued to make other appearances in film and television. She played Helen Chappel Hackett's mother, Deedee Chappel, on an episode of *Wings* titled, "If It's Not One Thing, It's Your Mother," which originally aired on November 22, 1994.

 File:Debbie Reynolds 1998.jpg
From 1999 to 2006, she played Grace Adler's theatrical mother, Bobbi Adler, on the NBC sitcom *Will & Grace*, which earned Reynolds her only Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series in 2000. She played a recurring role in the Disney Channel Original Movie *Halloweentown* film series as Aggie Cromwell. Reynolds made a guest appearance as a presenter at the 69th Academy Awards in 1997.

In 2000, Reynolds took up a recurring voice role on the children's television program *Rugrats,* playing the grandmother of two of the characters. In 2001, she co-starred with Elizabeth Taylor and Shirley MacLaine in *These Old Broads,* a television movie written for her by her daughter, Carrie Fisher. She had a cameo role as herself in the 2004 film *Connie and Carla.* In 2013, she appeared in *Behind the Candelabra,* as the mother of Liberace.

The actress appears with her daughter in *Bright Lights: Starring Carrie Fisher and Debbie Reynolds,* a 2016 documentary about the very close relationship between the two. It premiered at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival. The television premiere was January 7, 2017, on HBO. According to *USA Today* the film is "an intimate portrait of Hollywood royalty ... [it] loosely chronicles their lives through interviews, photos, footage and vintage home movies... It culminates in a moving scene, just as Reynolds is preparing to receive the 2015 Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award, which Fisher presented to her mom."

### Music career and cabaret

Her recording of the song "Tammy" (1957; from *Tammy and the Bachelor*), earned her a gold record, and was the best-selling single by a female vocalist in 1957. It was number one for five weeks on the *Billboard* pop charts. In the movie (the first of the *Tammy* film series), she co-starred with Leslie Nielsen.

Reynolds also scored two other top-25 *Billboard* hits with "A Very Special Love" (#20 in January 1958) and "Am I That Easy to Forget" (#25 in March 1960)—a pop-music version of a country-music hit made famous by Carl Belew (in 1959), Skeeter Davis (in 1960), and several years later by singer Engelbert Humperdinck.

In 1991, she released an album titled *The Best of Debbie Reynolds*.

 File:6212-LasVegasStrip-RivieraHotelMarquee.jpg
For ten years, she headlined for about three months a year in Las Vegas's Riviera Hotel. She enjoyed live shows even though that type of performing "was extremely strenuous," she said.

> With a performing schedule of two shows a night, seven nights a week, it's probably the toughest kind of show business. But in my opinion, the most rewarding. I like the feeling of being able to change stage bits and business when I want. You can't do that in motion pictures or TV.
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As part of her nightclub act, Reynolds was noted for doing impressions of celebrities such as Eva and Zsa Zsa Gabor, Mae West, Barbra Streisand, Phyllis Diller, and Bette Davis. Her impersonation of Davis was inspired following their co-starring roles in the 1956 film, *The Catered Affair*. Reynolds had started doing stage impersonations as a teenager; her impersonation of Betty Hutton was performed as a singing number during the Miss Burbank contest in 1948.

Reynolds' last album was a Christmas record with Donald O'Connor entitled *Chrissy the Christmas Mouse* arranged and conducted by Angelo DiPippo.

### Stage work

 File:Debbie Reynolds - self 1975.jpg
With limited film and television opportunities coming her way, Reynolds accepted an opportunity to make her Broadway debut. She starred in the 1973 revival of *Irene*, a musical first produced 60 years before. When asked why she waited so long to appear in a Broadway play, she explained:

> Primarily because I had two children growing up. I could make movies and recordings and plays in nearby Las Vegas and handle a television series without being away from them. Now, they are well on the way to being adults. Also, there was the matter of being offered a show that I felt might be right for me ... I felt that *Irene* was it and now was the time.
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Reynolds and her daughter Carrie both made their Broadway debut in the play. Per reports, the production broke records for the highest weekly gross of any musical. For that production, she received a Tony nomination. Reynolds also starred in a self-titled Broadway revue, *Debbie*, in 1976. She toured with Harve Presnell in *Annie Get Your Gun*, then wrapped up the Broadway run of *Woman of the Year* in 1983. In the late 1980s Reynolds repeated her role as Molly Brown in the stage version of *The Unsinkable Molly Brown*, first opposite Presnell (repeating his original Broadway and movie role) and later with Ron Raines.

* *Best Foot Forward* (1953) (Dallas State Fair)
* *Irene* (1973) (Broadway and US national tour)
* *Debbie* (1976) (Broadway)
* *Annie Get Your Gun* (1977) (San Francisco and Los Angeles)
* *Woman of the Year* (1982) (Broadway) (replacement for Lauren Bacall)
* *The Unsinkable Molly Brown* (1989) (US national tour)
* *Irene* (2008) Perth Western Australia

In 2010, she appeared in her own West End show *Debbie Reynolds: Alive and Fabulous*.

### Film history preservation

Reynolds amassed a large collection of movie memorabilia, beginning with items from the landmark 1970 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer auction, and she displayed them, first in a museum at her Las Vegas hotel and casino during the 1990s and later in a museum close to the Kodak Theater in Los Angeles. On several occasions, she auctioned off items from the collection.

The museum was to relocate to be the centerpiece of the Belle Island Village tourist attraction in the resort city of Pigeon Forge, Tennessee, but the developer went bankrupt. The museum filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in June 2009. The most valuable asset of the museum was Reynolds' collection. Todd Fisher, Reynolds' son, announced that his mother was "heartbroken" to have to auction off the collection. It was valued at $10.79 million in the bankruptcy filing. The Los Angeles auction firm Profiles in History was given the responsibility of conducting a series of auctions. Among the "more than 3500 costumes, 20,000 photographs, and thousands of movie posters, costume sketches, and props" included in the sales were Charlie Chaplin's bowler hat and Marilyn Monroe's white "subway dress", whose skirt is lifted up by the breeze from a passing subway train in the film *The Seven Year Itch* (1955). The dress sold for $4.6 million in 2011; the final auction was held in May 2014.

### Business ventures

In 1979, Reynolds opened her own dance studio in North Hollywood. In 1983 she released an exercise video, *Do It Debbie's Way!*. She purchased the Clarion Hotel and Casino, a hotel and casino in Las Vegas, in 1992. She renamed it the Debbie Reynolds Hollywood Hotel. It was not a success. In 1997, Reynolds was forced to declare bankruptcy. In June 2010, she replaced Ivana Trump answering reader queries for the weekly paper *Globe*.

## Marriages and later life

 File:Reynolds - Fisher - 1955.jpg
Reynolds was married three times. Her first marriage was to singer Eddie Fisher in 1955. They became the parents of Carrie (1956–2016) and Todd Fisher (1958). The couple divorced in 1959 when it was revealed shortly after the death of Elizabeth Taylor's husband Mike Todd that Fisher had been having an affair with her; Taylor and Reynolds were good friends at the time. The Eddie Fisher – Elizabeth Taylor affair was a great public scandal which led to the cancellation of Eddie Fisher's television show.

In 2011, Reynolds was on *The Oprah Winfrey Show* just weeks before Elizabeth Taylor's death. She explained that she and Taylor happened to be traveling at the same time on the ocean liner *Queen Elizabeth* some time in the late 1960s or early 1970s when they reconciled. Reynolds sent a note to Taylor's room, and Taylor sent a note in reply asking to have dinner with Reynolds and end their feud. As Reynolds described it, "we had a wonderful evening with a lot of laughs." In 1972, she noted the bright side of the divorce and her remarriage:

> Now in retrospect, though it was not my will, I think it probably was the best thing that ever happened to me. He did give me two great children and for that I will ever be grateful. Our door is always open to him. I believe in peaceful coexistence and being friends with the father of your children.
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Reynolds' second marriage, to millionaire businessman Harry Karl, lasted from 1960 to 1973. For a period during the 1960s, she stopped working at the studio on Friday afternoons to attend Girl Scout meetings, since she was the leader of the Girl Scout Troop of which her 13-year-old daughter Carrie and her stepdaughter Tina Karl, also 13, were members. Reynolds later found herself in financial difficulty because of Karl's gambling and bad investments. Reynolds' third marriage was to real estate developer Richard Hamlett from 1984 to 1996.

In 2011, Reynolds stepped down after 56 years of involvement in The Thalians, a charitable organization devoted to children and adults with mental health issues.

Reynolds was hospitalized in October 2012 at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles due to an adverse reaction to medication. She canceled appearances and concert engagements for the next three months.

## Death and legacy

 File:DebbieReynoldsApr2013.jpg
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On December 23, 2016, Reynolds's daughter—actress and writer Carrie Fisher—suffered a medical emergency on a transatlantic flight from London to Los Angeles, and died on December 27 at the age of 60. The following day, December 28, Reynolds was taken by ambulance to Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, after suffering a "severe stroke," according to her son, Todd Fisher. Later that afternoon, Reynolds was pronounced dead in the hospital; she was 84 years old. On January 9, 2017, her cause of death was determined to be intracerebral hemorrhage, with hypertension a contributing factor.

Todd later said that Reynolds had been seriously affected by her daughter's death, and that her grief was partially responsible for her stroke, noting that his mother had stated "I want to be with Carrie" shortly before she died. During an interview for the December 30, 2016 airing of the ABC-TV program *20/20*, Todd elaborated on this, saying that his mother had joined his sister in death because Reynolds "didn't want to leave Carrie and did not want her to be alone." He added, that "she didn't die of a broken heart" as some news reports had implied, but rather "just left to be with Carrie."

Reynolds was entombed while Fisher was cremated.Template:Cn A portion of Fisher's ashes were laid to rest beside Reynolds' crypt at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Hollywood Hills, during a larger joint memorial service held on March 25, while the remainder of Carrie's ashes are held in a giant, novelty Prozac pill.

On June 25, 2019, *The New York Times Magazine* listed Debbie Reynolds among hundreds of artists whose material was reportedly destroyed in the 2008 Universal fire.

## Awards and honors

Reynolds was the 1955 Hasty Pudding Woman of the Year. Her foot and handprints are preserved at Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Hollywood, California. She also has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, at 6654 Hollywood Boulevard, for live performance and a Golden Palm Star on the Palm Springs, California, Walk of Stars dedicated to her. In keeping with the celebrity tradition of the Shenandoah Apple Blossom Festival of Winchester, Virginia, Reynolds was honored as the Grand Marshal of the 2011 ABF that took place from April 26 to May 1, 2011.

On November 4, 2006, Reynolds received the Lifetime Achievement in the Arts Award from Chapman University (Orange, California). On May 17, 2007, she was awarded an honorary degree of Doctor of Humane Letters from the University of Nevada, Reno, where she had contributed for many years to the film studies program.

## Filmography

Alice (TV show) Felicia Blake
(Actress)

Short subjects

* *A Visit with Debbie Reynolds* (1959)
* *The Story of a Dress* (1964)
* *In the Picture* (2012)

## See also

* List of American film actresses
* List of people from California
* List of people from Texas

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Lowry, Brian (December 28, 2016). "Debbie Reynolds, 'Singin' in the Rain' star, dies at 84", CNN.
2. ↑ "Obituary: Debbie Reynolds, a wholesome Hollywood icon", *BBC News* (London) (December 29, 2016). Retrieved on December 29, 2016.
3. ↑ "About". http://www.drdancestudio.com/about. Retrieved August 27, 2015.
4. ↑ "Debbie Reynolds Memoir: 'Unsinkable' To Highlight Divorces", Associated Press (January 31, 2012). Retrieved on December 29, 2016. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016.
5. ↑ Reynolds to Receive Award. Retrieved August 27, 2015
6. ↑ Littleton, Cynthia. "Inside Debbie Reynolds and Carrie Fisher's Upcoming HBO Documentary: 'It's a Love Story'". *Variety*. https://variety.com/2016/tv/news/debbie-reynolds-carrie-fisher-bright-lights-hbo-documentary-1201949513/. "HBO will carefully consider the appropriate timing given the tragic developments"
7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 de Morales, Lisa (December 30, 2016). "HBO Moves 'Bright Lights' Debut In Wake of Carrie Fisher, Debbie Reynolds Deaths". http://deadline.com/2016/12/carrie-fisher-debbie-reynolds-bright-lights-hbo-reschedules-1201877011/. Retrieved December 30, 2016.
8. ↑ Almasy, Steve (December 28, 2016). "Debbie Reynolds dies one day after daughter Carrie Fisher passes". CNN. http://www.cnn.com/2016/12/28/entertainment/debbie-reynolds-hospitalized/. "Reynolds had complained of breathing problems, an unidentified source told The [Los Angeles] Times."
9. ↑ "Photo of Debbie Reynolds and Carrie Fisher". December 28, 2016. http://www.trbimg.com/img-58648829/turbine/la-me-debbie-reynolds-20161228.
10. ↑ "Debbie Reynolds Biography (1932–)". Film reference. http://www.filmreference.com/film/87/Debbie-Reynolds.html. Retrieved August 17, 2015.
11. ↑ Byrne, James Patrick. Coleman, Philip. King, Jason Francis. *Ireland and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History: A Multidisciplinary Encyclopedia*. Volume 2, p. 804. ABC-CLIO, 2008; Template:ISBN.
12. ↑ "Inside Debbie Reynolds' Difficult Childhood and Complicated Relationship with Her Mother". https://people.com/movies/5567938/.
13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Cite error: Invalid `<ref>` tag; no text was provided for refs named `Pasadena`
14. ↑ Wloszczyna, Susan (April 2, 2013). "'Unsinkable' Reynolds buoyed by new memoir, life at 81". *USA Today*. https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/books/2013/04/01/debbie-reynolds-memoir-unsinkable/2042269/.
15. ↑ "Debbie Reynolds Biography". https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0001666/bio.
16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 Green, Mary (December 29, 2016). "From the PEOPLE Archive: Debbie Reynolds the Golden Girl".
17. ↑ Dingus, Anne (May 1997). "Debbie Reynolds". *Texas Monthly*. http://www.texasmonthly.com/the-culture/debbie-reynolds/. Retrieved December 28, 2016.
18. ↑ Cite error: Invalid `<ref>` tag; no text was provided for refs named `Fresno`
19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 *Leading Ladies,* Chronicle Books (2006) p. 161
20. ↑ video: "Carleton Carpenter and Debbie Reynolds, "Abba Dabba Honeymoon" from *Two Weeks with Love*
21. ↑ "Rain will only bring smiles," *The Sydney Morning Herald,* February 4, 1996
22. ↑ Template:Cite magazine
23. ↑ video: Debbie Reynolds singing "I Ain't Down Yet," in *The Unsinkable Molly Brown*
24. ↑ "Debbie Reynolds remains pleasurable company" (February 1, 2015).
25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 Reynolds, Debbie (with Columbia, David Patrick) (1988). *Debbie: My Life*. William Morrow and Company, p. 309; Template:ISBN
26. ↑ "Debbie Reynolds Quits TV Series Over Cigarette Ad" (September 18, 1969), p. 2.
27. ↑ "Debbie Reynolds Changes Her Mind About Quitting" (September 19, 1969).
28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 28.3 "Debbie Reynolds Takes on Eva, Mae, Pearl, and 'The Kid'", *Chicago Tribune*, March 19, 1972
29. ↑ Siskel, Gene (April 25, 1973). "Charlotte's Web" *Chicago Tribune* Pg. 57.
30. ↑ "If It's Not One Thing, It's Your Mother". https://pro.imdb.com/title/tt0749257/. Retrieved August 17, 2015.
31. ↑ Template:Citation
32. ↑ "Debbie Reynolds | Television Academy". Emmys.com. http://www.emmys.com/celebrities/debbie-reynolds. Retrieved August 17, 2015.
33. ↑ \*Template:Cite book
34. ↑ "Scandal's History for 'These Old Broads'", *Los Angeles Times*, February 12, 2001
35. ↑ Schwartzel, Erich. "Actress Debbie Reynolds Dies at 84". Retrieved on December 29, 2016.
36. ↑ "Carrie Fisher reflects on mother Debbie Reynolds' legacy in HBO doc Bright Lights". *Entertainment Weekly*. May 23, 2016. http://www.ew.com/article/2016/05/23/bright-lights-carrie-fisher-debbie-reynolds-cannes. Retrieved June 11, 2016.
Ryan, Patrick (December 29, 2016). "What we know about Carrie Fisher and Debbie Reynolds' HBO documentary".
38. ↑ Template:Cite book
39. ↑ *Debbie* (1959), Vinyl record, Amazon.com records
40. ↑ Trust, Gary (December 28, 2016). "Debbie Reynolds' History on the Billboard Charts". *Billboard*. http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/7640003/debbie-reynolds-billboard-chart-history. Retrieved December 28, 2016.
41. ↑ "Debbie". Amazon.com. May 24, 2010. https://www.amazon.com/Debbie-Reynolds/dp/B003JBX3EW.
42. ↑ "Debbie Reynolds Still Unsinkable", *Los Angeles Times*, Dec. 17, 1966
43. ↑ Template:Cite magazine
44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 44.2 Template:Cite magazine
45. ↑ 45.0 45.1 "After half a century, *Irene* revisits ol' Broadway" (March 11, 1973), p. 14.
46. ↑ "Actress Debbie Reynolds Has Died at 84", TheaterMania (December 28, 2016). Retrieved on December 28, 2016.
47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 Loynd, Ray (May 8, 1989). "STAGE REVIEW : 'Molly Brown' Is Unsinkable 25 Years After the Movie", *Los Angeles Times*. Retrieved on December 28, 2016.
48. ↑ Gussow, Mel (February 28, 1983). "STAGE: DEBBIE REYNOLDS IN 'WOMAN OF THE YEAR'", *The New York Times*. Retrieved on December 28, 2016.
49. ↑ "OCU Hall of Fame Names Linda Twine, Ron Raines", *The Oklahoman* (November 14, 1990). Retrieved on December 28, 2016.
50. ↑ Template:Cite book
51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 51.2 "Hollywood & Broadway Star Debbie Reynolds Dead at 84, One Day After Daughter Carrie Fisher", Broadway.com, December 28, 2016
52. ↑ "Debbie Reynolds Returns to West End in Alive and Fabulous". broadway.com. http://london.broadway.com/buzz/139609/debbie-reynolds-returns-to-west-end-in-alive-and-fabulous/. Retrieved August 27, 2015.
53. ↑ Schenden, Laurie K. (April 1, 1995). "Reynolds' Unsinkable Museum : Memorabilia: Debbie Reynolds' Hollywood museum opens in Las Vegas tonight, 25 years after the plucky performer salvaged MGM's discards.". *Los Angeles Times*. http://articles.latimes.com/1995-04-01/entertainment/ca-49745\_1\_debbie-reynolds.
54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 54.2 "Auction Set for Debbie Reynolds' Hollywood Memorabilia", *Los Angeles Daily News* (September 10, 2010). Archived from the original on June 28, 2011.
55. ↑ 55.0 55.1 Flory, Josh (September 9, 2010). "With No Buyer, Debbie Reynolds' Hollywood Memorabilia To Go To Auction", *Knoxville News Sentinel*. Archived from the original on September 13, 2010.
56. ↑ Palank, Jacqueline (September 10, 2010). "Reynolds to Auction Hollywood Memorabilia", The Wall Street Journal blogs. Retrieved on January 18, 2011.
57. ↑ 57.0 57.1 Stone, Jay (February 27, 2011). "Marilyn Monroe's Skirt Going Up – On Auction Block", *The Vancouver Sun*. Archived from the original on June 9, 2011.
58. ↑ Potempa, Philip (June 25, 2011). "OFFBEAT: Debbie's auction nets big profit, she's resting more easily without debt worry".
59. ↑ Lewis, Andy (May 9, 2014). "Debbie Reynolds 'Hurt' by Academy for Refusing Her Memorabilia Collection".
60. ↑ ""Do It Debbie's Way!" A Tribute to the Unsinkable Miss Reynolds and Her Superb Multimedia Exercise Program". Stargayzing.com. http://stargayzing.com/do-it-debbies-way-a-tribute-to-the-unsinkable-miss-reynolds-and-her-superb-multimedia-exercise-program/. Retrieved August 27, 2015.
61. ↑ Brozan, Nadine (July 9, 1997). "Chronicle", *The New York Times*. Retrieved on September 23, 2010.
62. ↑ "Who Would You Rather Take Advice From? Ivana Trump or Debbie Reynolds?". *Janet Charlton's Hollywood*. June 3, 2010. http://www.janetcharltonshollywood.com/who-would-you-rather-take-advice-from-ivana-trump-or-debbie-reynolds. Retrieved April 23, 2012.
63. ↑ Grimes, William (September 24, 2010). "Eddie Fisher, Singer and Actor, Dies at 82".
64. ↑ Template:Cite book
65. ↑ 65.0 65.1 "Debbie Reynolds on How Elizabeth Taylor Stole Her Husband". ABC News. January 21, 2015. http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/debbie-reynolds-opens-time-elizabeth-taylor-stole-husband/story?id=28347271.
66. ↑ "Debbie Reynolds Reveals How She Forgave Elizabeth Taylor".
67. ↑ "Where Does Debbie Reynolds Go Every Friday Afternoon?" (November 23, 1969).
68. ↑ "There's No Business Like Show Business". The Thalians. http://thalians.org. Retrieved August 17, 2015.
69. ↑ "Debbie Reynolds hospitalized, cancels three months of shows", Fox News Channel (October 10, 2012). Retrieved on October 10, 2012.
70. ↑ Itzkoff, Dave (December 27, 2016). "Carrie Fisher, Child of Hollywood and 'Star Wars' Royalty, Dies at 60". *The New York Times*. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/27/movies/carrie-fisher-dead-star-wars-princess-leia.html. Retrieved December 27, 2016.
71. ↑ Wong, Julia (December 29, 2016). "Debbie Reynolds dies one day after daughter Carrie Fisher".
72. ↑ "Actress Debbie Reynolds dead at 84". CBC News. December 28, 2016. http://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/debbie-reynolds-dead-1.3914744.
73. ↑ Rubin, Joel (December 28, 2016). "Debbie Reynolds rushed to the hospital after falling ill; condition unknown".
74. ↑ 74.0 74.1 Dagan, Carmel (December 28, 2016). "Debbie Reynolds, 'Singin' in the Rain' Star and Carrie Fisher's Mother, Dies at 84". *Variety*. https://variety.com/2016/film/news/debbie-reynolds-dead-dies-carrie-fisher-mother-1201949432/.
75. ↑ Emery, Debbie (January 9, 2017). "Debbie Reynolds Cause of Death Revealed", *TheWrap*. Retrieved on January 9, 2017.
76. ↑ Chan, Melissa (December 29, 2016). "Did Debbie Reynolds Die of a Broken Heart?". *Time*. http://time.com/4619536/debbie-reynolds-dead-carrie-fisher-broken-heart/.
77. ↑ Nelson, Valerie J. (December 28, 2016). "Debbie Reynolds, who sang and danced to fame in 'Singin' in the Rain,' dies at 84". Retrieved on December 28, 2016.
78. ↑ Gates, Anita (December 29, 2016). "Debbie Reynolds, Wholesome Ingénue in 1950s Films, Dies at 84". Retrieved on December 29, 2016.
79. ↑ Effron, Lauren (December 30, 2016). "It Was Debbie Reynolds' 'Destiny' to Be With Carrie Fisher, Todd Fisher Says". ABC News. http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/debbie-reynolds-destiny-carrie-fisher-todd-fisher/story?id=44473982.
80. ↑ "Carrie Fisher and mom Debbie Reynolds to be buried together". CBC News. December 30, 2016. http://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/carrie-fisher-debbie-reynolds-joint-funeral-burial-1.3917451.
81. ↑ Clough, Rick (January 5, 2016). "Carrie Fisher, Debbie Reynolds remembered at private family memorial service". *New York Daily News*. http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/carrie-fisher-debbie-reynolds-remembered-memorial-service-article-1.2936429. Retrieved January 5, 2016.
82. ↑ "Debbie Reynolds and Carrie Fisher to be buried together, Todd Fisher says". CBS News. December 30, 2016. http://www.cbsnews.com/news/debbie-reynolds-carrie-fisher-buried-together-todd-fisher-says/.
83. ↑ Murphy, Brian (January 6, 2017). "Giant Prozac pill now holds the ashes of Carrie Fisher, noted mental health advocate". *Tri-City Herald*. http://www.tri-cityherald.com/news/nation-world/national/article125081249.html. "(Todd Fisher:) Carrie's favorite possession was a giant Prozac pill that she bought many years ago. A big pill. She loved it, and it was in her house and [her daughter] Billie and I felt it was where she'd want to be."
84. ↑ Rosen, Jody (25 June 2019). "Here Are Hundreds More Artists Whose Tapes Were Destroyed in the UMG Fire". https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/25/magazine/universal-music-fire-bands-list-umg.html. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
85. ↑ "Past Men & Women of the Year". The Hasty Pudding – Institute of 1770, Inc. http://hastypudding.org/past-honorees. Retrieved December 29, 2016.
86. ↑ "Palm Springs Walk of Stars by date dedicated" (PDF). Palmspringswalkofstars.com. http://www.palmspringswalkofstars.com/web-storage/Stars/Stars%20dedicated%20by%20date.pdf. Retrieved August 17, 2015.
87. ↑ "Grand Marshal: Debbie Reynolds". Shenandoah Apple Blossom Festival. Archived from the original on September 28, 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110928092612/http://www.thebloom.com/celeb-more/debbiereynolds.html.
88. ↑ Template:Cite press release
89. ↑ "Debbie Reynolds - Orange, CA - Dedicated Trees". Waymarking.com. May 11, 2009. http://www.waymarking.com/waymarks/WM6C1M\_Debbie\_Reynolds\_Orange\_CA. Retrieved January 9, 2017.
90. ↑ "University gives honorary degree to 'Unsinkable' Debbie Reynolds", University of Nevada, Reno (May 18, 2007). Retrieved on December 28, 2007.
91. ↑ 91.0 91.1 91.2 91.3 91.4 Celada, Luca (December 28, 2016). "In Memoriam: Debbie Reynolds, Hollywood Legend, 1932–2016", Hollywood Foreign Press Association. Retrieved on December 29, 2016.  See also the profile of Debbie Reynolds at Goldenglobes.com.
92. ↑ "1956 Award Winners". http://www.nationalboardofreview.org/award-years/1956/. Retrieved December 29, 2016.
93. ↑ 93.0 93.1 Template:Cite magazine
94. ↑ 94.0 94.1 94.2 94.3 94.4 Template:Cite press release
95. ↑ Macura, Rene (December 27, 2016). "Feb. 9, 1997". http://napavalleyregister.com/feb/image\_05540ec1-46ca-5cf0-a624-caef8d74c2eb.html. Retrieved December 29, 2016.
96. ↑ Template:Cite press release
97. ↑ Template:Cite book
98. ↑ Template:Cite encyclopedia
99. ↑ Template:Cite magazine
100. ↑ "51st Life Achievement Recipient, 2014: Debbie Reynolds" (August 19, 2014). Retrieved on December 29, 2016.
101. ↑ "Spike Lee, Debbie Reynolds And Gena Rowlands To Receive Academy's 2015 Governors Awards". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. August 27, 2015. http://www.oscars.org/news/spike-lee-debbie-reynolds-and-gena-rowlands-receive-academys-2015-governors-awards. Retrieved December 29, 2016.
102. ↑ 102.00 102.01 102.02 102.03 102.04 102.05 102.06 102.07 102.08 102.09 102.10 102.11 102.12 102.13 102.14 102.15 102.16 102.17 102.18 102.19 102.20 102.21 102.22 102.23 102.24 102.25 102.26 102.27 102.28 102.29 102.30 102.31 102.32 102.33 102.34 102.35 102.36 102.37 102.38 102.39 102.40 102.41 102.42 102.43 102.44 102.45 102.46 102.47 102.48 102.49 102.50 102.51 102.52 102.53 102.54 102.55 102.56 102.57 102.58 102.59 102.60 102.61 102.62 102.63 102.64 102.65 "Filmography for Debbie Reynolds". http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/160596%7C37307/Debbie-Reynolds/filmography.html.
103. ↑ 103.00 103.01 103.02 103.03 103.04 103.05 103.06 103.07 103.08 103.09 103.10 103.11 103.12 103.13 103.14 103.15 103.16 103.17 103.18 103.19 103.20 103.21 103.22 103.23 103.24 103.25 103.26 103.27 103.28 103.29 103.30 103.31 103.32 103.33 103.34 103.35 103.36 103.37 103.38 103.39 103.40 103.41 103.42 103.43 103.44 103.45 103.46 103.47 103.48 103.49 103.50 103.51 103.52 103.53 103.54 103.55 103.56 103.57 103.58 103.59 103.60 103.61 103.62 103.63 Template:Cite magazine
104. ↑ 104.00 104.01 104.02 104.03 104.04 104.05 104.06 104.07 104.08 104.09 104.10 104.11 104.12 104.13 104.14 104.15 104.16 104.17 104.18 104.19 104.20 104.21 104.22 104.23 104.24 104.25 104.26 104.27 104.28 104.29 104.30 104.31 104.32 104.33 104.34 104.35 104.36 104.37 104.38 104.39 104.40 104.41 104.42 104.43 104.44 104.45 104.46 104.47 104.48 104.49 104.50 104.51 104.52 104.53 104.54 104.55 104.56 104.57 104.58 104.59 104.60 104.61 104.62 104.63 104.64 104.65 "Debbie Reynolds Filmography". https://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/debbie\_reynolds/. Retrieved February 19, 2017.
105. ↑ "'Bright Lights: Starring Debbie Reynolds and Carrie Fisher': Cannes Review". *The Hollywood Reporter*. May 14, 2016. http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/bright-lights-starring-debbie-reynolds-893093. Retrieved June 11, 2016.
106. ↑ 106.0 106.1 Elber, Lynn (December 28, 2016). "Actress Debbie Reynolds, the star of the 1952 classic "Singin' in the Rain," has died a day after her daughter, Carrie Fisher". http://customwire.ap.org/dynamic/stories/U/US\_OBIT\_DEBBIE\_REYNOLDS.

## Further reading

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