Trading

For the mechanic used with piglins, see Bartering.
 File:VillagerGUI 1.14.png
 File:Bedrock trading interface.png
 File:Trading and Bartering Guide for Minecraft Java Edition 1.17+.png
The **trading** system is a gameplay mechanic that allows players to trade emeralds for items (and vice-versa) with villagers as well as wandering traders.

## Mechanics

```
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 }}{{#var: editions}} only*], sand, red sand and coral blocks.

```

Villagers have five career levels that can be increased by trading with them. Each villager starts at the "novice" level. A villager's level can be seen in the trading menu. The badge they wear can also be identified: stone for a novice, iron for an apprentice, gold for a journeyman, emerald for expert, and diamond for master. Trading until the villager's trading bar gets full unlocks the next level of trades. When a player trades with a villager, both the villager and the player gain experience. All villager trades reward the player with 3–6 experience, or 8–11 experience if the villager is willing to breed. Trading with a wandering trader also rewards the player some experience, although the trader does not have experience levels to gain. A villager levels up when its experience bar becomes full and gains up to two new trades, along with keeping their old ones. Additionally, a villager receives a Regeneration effect, and becomes surrounded by purple and green particles for a ten seconds.

 2
 3
 4
 5

A villager's profession dictates the trading pool used to determine its trades. For example, villagers wearing straw hats are farmers, so their trades are based on the Farmer trade pool. Each profession unlocks a pre-defined and finite set of offers. Different professions are assigned to each villager based on their job-site block. This profession is indicated by their appearance and in the trading interface. Novice villagers who have not traded can lose their profession and change back into unemployed villagers if their claimed job site block is removed. Removing and then replacing a job site block can alter the trades offered, and a villager with no experience resets its trades every so often. Once a player trades with a villager, the villager keeps its profession forever and subsequently locks in the offered trades.

Villagers disable an offer after a certain number of trades, the exact number is different for each item and referenced in the tables below. When villagers work at their job site blocks, they activate their offers again, up to twice per day. When an offer is disabled, a red "X" appears in the trading interface, and the villager displays the same particle effect as an offer being created.

Villagers distinguish between data values, so damaged tools cannot be traded in place of fully repaired tools.‌{{#vardefine:$title|This statement only applies to {{#vardefine: editions}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix-1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+2}}{{#fornumargs: argnum | argval | {{#vardefine:game-{{#var:argnum}}}}

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 }}{{#var: editions}} only*] NBT data, however, is ignored, so the content of a written book does not matter. However, written books can no longer be sold to villagers, and no villagers currently buy any tools that have durability.

```

### Economics

 File:Zombie discounts (Java Edition).png
In {{#vardefine: editions}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix-1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+2}}{{#fornumargs: argnum | argval | {{#vardefine:game-{{#var:argnum}}}}

```
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  }}{{#var: editions}}, villagers can have a maximum of 10 trades. Each level unlocks a maximum of two new trades. If a level can pull from more than two trades, the two offered trades are chosen randomly from the set.

```

In {{#vardefine: editions}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix-1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+2}}{{#fornumargs: argnum | argval | {{#vardefine:game-{{#var:argnum}}}}

```
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  }}{{#var: editions}}, villagers have 7–10 trade slots. Some slots with multiple possible trades display only one trade; for example, farmer villagers have 4 potential trades in their first trade slot, so each trade has a 1⁄4 chance to be chosen.

```

Each trade can be used a maximum number of times, after which the trade becomes disabled. Once trades are disabled, villagers must work at their corresponding job site block to resupply their trades.

The price of an item rises and falls depending on three factors. Items with a high price multiplier (0.2) are affected by these changes more than items with a low multiplier (0.05). All price fluctuations affect only the first item involved in trade; for example, for an initial trade of 32 sticks for 1 emerald, the price might be driven down to 1 stick or up to 64 sticks for 1 emerald, but never for 2 emeralds. Additionally, no quantity can go lower than 1 or higher than the stack size.

The first factor is demand. An item that was sold out gets a price increase for all players when resupplied. If a player does not trade for a higher-priced item, the price is reduced the next time villager resupplies. Demand is tracked per item, not per villager, so a villager can offer a higher-priced trade for a single item while other items are cheaper. Trades that have a price multiplier of 0 are not affected by demand.

The second way to affect prices is the Hero of the Village effect, which temporarily reduces prices for the affected player depending on the level of the effect.

Finally, players get personal discounts or fines based on their reputation with that particular villager. A positive reputation is gained by curing zombie villagers (the villager that was cured gives a permanent discount much larger than the temporary discount in nearby villagers). To cure a zombie villager, a player must splash it with a splash potion of weakness and then feed it a golden apple. The permanent discount is capped at 5 cures, while the temporary discount is capped at 8 cures. In {{#vardefine: editions}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix-1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+2}}{{#fornumargs: argnum | argval | {{#vardefine:game-{{#var:argnum}}}}

```
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  }}{{#var: editions}}, players can also gain negative reputation by hitting or killing villagers, and positive reputation by trading or splashing healing on villagers.

```

## Non-trading villagers

### Nitwit

 File:Nitwit refusing.gif
Nitwits are green-coated villagers. They cannot trade, nor can they change profession or gain a profession. If the player attempts to trade with a nitwit in {{#vardefine: editions}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix-1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+2}}{{#fornumargs: argnum | argval | {{#vardefine:game-{{#var:argnum}}}}

```
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  }}{{#var: editions}}, the nitwit grunts and shakes its head.

```

### Unemployed villager

 File:Villager refusing.gif
Villagers without a job overlays are unemployed and cannot trade. They wear biome outfits without a professional overlay. An unemployed villager gains a profession by claiming an unclaimed job site block. For example, an unclaimed cartography table converts an unemployed villager into a cartographer when the villager claims it, and both the villager and the table emits green particles. An inaccessible (or destroyed) job site block causes the connected villager to lose its profession, but that does not affect the player's popularity in the village. If the player attempts to trade with an unemployed villager in {{#vardefine: editions}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix-1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+2}}{{#fornumargs: argnum | argval | {{#vardefine:game-{{#var:argnum}}}}

```
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  }}{{#var: editions}}, the villager grunts and shakes its head.

```

## Java Edition offers

The villager pictured on the right is from the plains biome. To see villager professions dressed for other biomes, see Professions.

Starting from Novice, at each level two more trades become available, unless there is only one trade within that level. If there are more than two possible trades, two will be randomly selected.

### Armorer

Job site block: Blast Furnace

 File:Plains Armorer.png

### Butcher

Job site block: Smoker

 File:Plains Butcher.png

### Cartographer

Job site block: Cartography Table

 File:Plains Cartographer.png

### Cleric

Job site block: Brewing Stand

 File:Plains Cleric.png

### Farmer

Job site block: Composter

 File:Plains Farmer.png

### Fisherman

Job site block: Barrel

 File:Plains Fisherman.png

### Fletcher

Job site block: Fletching Table

 File:Plains Fletcher.png

### Leatherworker

Job site block: Cauldron

 File:Plains Leatherworker.png

### Librarian

Job site block: Lectern

 File:Plains Librarian.png

### Mason

Job site block: Stonecutter

 File:Plains Mason.png
Note: This profession is called "Mason" in {{#vardefine: editions}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix-1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+2}}{{#fornumargs: argnum | argval | {{#vardefine:game-{{#var:argnum}}}}

```
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### Shepherd

Job site block: Loom

 File:Plains Shepherd.png

### Toolsmith

Job site block: Smithing Table

 File:Plains Toolsmith.png

### Weaponsmith

Job site block: Grindstone

 File:Plains Weaponsmith.png

## Bedrock Edition offers

### Armorer

Job site block: Blast Furnace

 File:Plains Armorer.png

‌{{ #vardefine: $version | Bedrock 1.18.20

### Butcher

Job site block: Smoker

 File:Plains Butcher.png

### Cartographer

Job site block: Cartography Table

 File:Plains Cartographer.png

### Cleric

Job site block: Brewing Stand

 File:Plains Cleric.png

### Farmer

Job site block: Composter

 File:Plains Farmer.png

### Fisherman

Job site block: Barrel

 File:Plains Fisherman.png

### Fletcher

Job site block: Fletching Table

 File:Plains Fletcher.png

### Leatherworker

Job site block: Cauldron

 File:Plains Leatherworker.png

### Librarian

Job site block: Lectern

 File:Plains Librarian.png

### Shepherd

Job site block: Loom

 File:Plains Shepherd.png

### Stone Mason

Job site block: Stonecutter

 File:Plains Mason.png
Note: "Mason" is used in {{#vardefine: editions}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix-1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+2}}{{#fornumargs: argnum | argval | {{#vardefine:game-{{#var:argnum}}}}

```
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  }}{{#var: editions}} and "Stone Mason" is used in {{#vardefine: editions}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix-1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+2}}{{#fornumargs: argnum | argval |     {{#vardefine:game-{{#var:argnum}}}}
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```

 }}{{#var: editions}}.

### Toolsmith

Job site block: Smithing Table

 File:Plains Toolsmith.png

### Weaponsmith

Job site block: Grindstone

 File:Plains Weaponsmith.png

‌{{ #vardefine: $version | Bedrock 1.18.20

## Wandering trader sales

 File:Wandering Trader.png
Unlike other villagers, the wandering trader does not buy items in exchange for emeralds – it only sells items, using emeralds as a currency. Therefore, the following tables' leftmost column is how many emeralds the player needs to give to receive the items listed in the middle column of the table.

### Java Edition sales

The wandering trader offers five random trades from the list below.

The other random trade is chosen from the table below. It is always the wandering trader's final trade offer.

 3 Emerald | * Podzol (×3)
* Packed Ice
 5 Emerald | * Bucket of Pufferfish
* Bucket of Tropical Fish
 6 Emerald | * Blue Ice

### Bedrock Edition sales

In {{#vardefine: editions}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix-1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+2}}{{#fornumargs: argnum | argval | {{#vardefine:game-{{#var:argnum}}}}

```
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  }}{{#var: editions}}, wandering traders sell 6 random trades. Their trades are unaffected by demand.

```

Five of the random trades are shown in the table below:

The other random trade is shown below (these items are chosen for each wandering trader and always offered but only one of them):

 3 Emerald | * Podzol (×3)
* Packed Ice
 5 Emerald | * Bucket of Pufferfish
* Bucket of Tropical Fish
 6 Emerald | * Blue Ice

## Achievements

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## Advancements

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## History

See also: Trading/Before Village & Pillage and Trading/Before Java Edition 1.8
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     }}{{

```

 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}<th class="nowrap" rowspan="{{#vardefine: history-ver | 1.9 }}{{#vardefine: history-index| **Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{".** }}{{
 #var\_final: history-rowspan-{{#var: history-index}} }}" colspan="2">[[{{#dplreplace: {{#var: $ver }} | /^minecraft /i }}|{{
 #dplreplace: 1.9 | ^\((.\*?)\)$ | \1 }}]]{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

```

```
     }}{{

```

 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

```

```
     }}{{

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 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}<th class="nowrap" rowspan="{{#vardefine: history-ver | 1.11 }}{{#vardefine: history-index| **Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{".** }}{{
 #var\_final: history-rowspan-{{#var: history-index}} }}" colspan="2">[[{{#dplreplace: {{#var: $ver }} | /^minecraft /i }}|{{
 #dplreplace: 1.11 | ^\((.\*?)\)$ | \1 }}]]{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

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     }}{{

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 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

```

```
     }}{{

```

 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}<th class="nowrap" rowspan="{{#vardefine: history-ver | 1.14 }}{{#vardefine: history-index| **Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{".** }}{{
 #var\_final: history-rowspan-{{#var: history-index}} }}" colspan="2">[[{{#dplreplace: {{#var: $ver }} | /^minecraft /i }}|{{
 #dplreplace: 1.14 | ^\((.\*?)\)$ | \1 }}]]{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

```

```
     }}{{

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 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

```

```
     }}{{

```

 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

```

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     }}{{

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 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}<th class="nowrap" rowspan="{{#vardefine: history-ver | 1.15 }}{{#vardefine: history-index| **Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{".** }}{{
 #var\_final: history-rowspan-{{#var: history-index}} }}" colspan="2">[[{{#dplreplace: {{#var: $ver }} | /^minecraft /i }}|{{
 #dplreplace: 1.15 | ^\((.\*?)\)$ | \1 }}]]{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

```

```
     }}{{

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 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}<th class="nowrap" rowspan="{{#vardefine: history-ver | 1.17 }}{{#vardefine: history-index| **Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{".** }}{{
 #var\_final: history-rowspan-{{#var: history-index}} }}" colspan="2">[[{{#dplreplace: {{#var: $ver }} | /^minecraft /i }}|{{
 #dplreplace: 1.17 | ^\((.\*?)\)$ | \1 }}]]{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

```

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     }}{{

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 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

```

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     }}{{

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 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-mode|pocket}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
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 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
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 #var\_final: history-rowspan-{{#var: history-index}} }}" colspan="2">[[{{#dplreplace: {{#var: $ver }} | /^minecraft /i }}|{{
 #dplreplace: 1.0.4 | ^\((.\*?)\)$ | \1 }}]]{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

```

```
     }}{{

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 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
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 #var\_final: history-rowspan-{{#var: history-index}} }}" colspan="2">[[{{#dplreplace: {{#var: $ver }} | /^minecraft /i }}|{{
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 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

```

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     }}{{

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 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-mode|bedrock}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}<th class="nowrap" rowspan="{{#vardefine: history-ver | 1.2.13 }}{{#vardefine: history-index| **Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{".** }}{{
 #var\_final: history-rowspan-{{#var: history-index}} }}" colspan="2">[[{{#dplreplace: {{#var: $ver }} | /^minecraft /i }}|{{
 #dplreplace: 1.2.13 | ^\((.\*?)\)$ | \1 }}]]{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

```

```
     }}{{

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 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}<th class="nowrap" rowspan="{{#vardefine: history-ver | 1.4.0 }}{{#vardefine: history-index| **Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{".** }}{{
 #var\_final: history-rowspan-{{#var: history-index}} }}" colspan="2">[[{{#dplreplace: {{#var: $ver }} | /^minecraft /i }}|{{
 #dplreplace: 1.4.0 | ^\((.\*?)\)$ | \1 }}]]{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

```

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     }}{{

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 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}<th class="nowrap" rowspan="{{#vardefine: history-ver | 1.10.0 }}{{#vardefine: history-index| **Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{".** }}{{
 #var\_final: history-rowspan-{{#var: history-index}} }}" colspan="2">[[{{#dplreplace: {{#var: $ver }} | /^minecraft /i }}|{{
 #dplreplace: 1.10.0 | ^\((.\*?)\)$ | \1 }}]]{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

```

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     }}{{

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 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}<th class="nowrap" rowspan="{{#vardefine: history-ver | 1.11.0 }}{{#vardefine: history-index| **Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{".** }}{{
 #var\_final: history-rowspan-{{#var: history-index}} }}" colspan="2">[[{{#dplreplace: {{#var: $ver }} | /^minecraft /i }}|{{
 #dplreplace: 1.11.0 | ^\((.\*?)\)$ | \1 }}]]{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

```

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     }}{{

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 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

```

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     }}{{

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 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
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 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

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     }}{{

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 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
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 #var\_final: history-rowspan-{{#var: history-index}} }}" colspan="2">[[{{#dplreplace: {{#var: $ver }} | /^minecraft /i }}|{{
 #dplreplace: 1.12.0 | ^\((.\*?)\)$ | \1 }}]]{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

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 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
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 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

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     }}{{

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 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

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 #var\_final: history-rowspan-{{#var: history-index}} }}" colspan="2">[[{{#dplreplace: {{#var: $ver }} | /^minecraft /i }}|{{
 #dplreplace: 1.13.0 | ^\((.\*?)\)$ | \1 }}]]{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

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 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

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     }}{{

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 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
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 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}<th class="nowrap" rowspan="{{#vardefine: history-ver | 1.16.0 }}{{#vardefine: history-index| **Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{".** }}{{
 #var\_final: history-rowspan-{{#var: history-index}} }}" colspan="2">[[{{#dplreplace: {{#var: $ver }} | /^minecraft /i }}|{{
 #dplreplace: 1.16.0 | ^\((.\*?)\)$ | \1 }}]]{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

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 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}{{ #vardefine: $lang-list | {{ #dplreplace:
/ ar
/ ca / cz
/ dk
/ el / eo / et
/ fa / fin
/ ga
/ he / hr
/ id / is
/ lv / lt
/ moh
/ no
/ pt / ph
/ ro
/ sr / sk / se
/ th / tl / tr
/ ua
/ vi
/ yi
/
}}[[Category:Unknown {{#var: history-mode }} version history/{{ #var: $lang }}|{{#var:history-sortkey}}]]

```

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     }}{{

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 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
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 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}<th class="nowrap" rowspan="{{#vardefine: history-ver | 1.17.0 }}{{#vardefine: history-index| **Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{".** }}{{
 #var\_final: history-rowspan-{{#var: history-index}} }}" colspan="2">[[{{#dplreplace: {{#var: $ver }} | /^minecraft /i }}|{{
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 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

```

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 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-mode|bedrock upcoming}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}<th class="nowrap" rowspan="{{#vardefine: history-ver | 1.18.20 }}{{#vardefine: history-index| **Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{".** }}{{
 #var\_final: history-rowspan-{{#var: history-index}} }}" colspan="2">[[{{#dplreplace: {{#var: $ver }} | /^minecraft /i }}|{{
 #dplreplace: 1.18.20 | ^\((.\*?)\)$ | \1 }}]]{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

```

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 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
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 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

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 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

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 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
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 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

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 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
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 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

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 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-mode|ps4}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|1}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

 {{ #vardefine:history-head|1}}{{#vardefine: history-nomode|}}{{

 #vardefine: history-rows | 45
}}{{#vardefine: history-mode|foot}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbox-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-xbone-ver |}}{{
 #vardefine: history-ps-ver |}}{{
 #fornumargs: argnum | argval | }}

## Trivia

* Right-clicking on a villager or wandering trader pauses that villager's or wandering trader's pathfinding.
* If a villager takes damage while trading, the trading menu closes.
* In {{#vardefine: editions}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix-1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+1}}{{#vardefine:nosuffix+2}}{{#fornumargs: argnum | argval | {{#vardefine:game-{{#var:argnum}}}}

```
       {{#vardefine: edition       |{{#var: argval}} }}
               {{#vardefine: edition-s     |{{#var: edition}}}}
               {{#vardefine: edition-l     |{{#var: edition-s}} Edition}}
           {{#var: editions}} [[{{#var: linkname}}|{{#var: edition-l}}]]
       }}
  }}{{#var: editions}}, while inside the trading menu, an emerald appears above the villager's or wandering trader's head.

```
* While diamonds are not renewable, their products (armor, tools, and weapons) are renewable via trading.

## Gallery

Villager trading preview.pngThe first image of the trading system released by Jeb. The currency item (later updated to the emerald) can be seen in the inventory.Villagenhanced.jpgAn enhanced version of Jeb's screenshot showing the original ore texture more clearly.Trading GUI2.jpgThe trading menu before Bedrock Edition 1.11.0.Villager GUI Master.pngTrading options of a master-level weaponsmith.Villager refusing.gifAn unemployed villager refuses a player trying to trade.Nitwit refusing.gifA nitwit villager refuses a player trying to trade.Leatherworker begging Leather.pngA Villager presenting the emeralds.Notes

1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.34 1.35 1.36 1.37 1.38 When creating an enchantment offer, the game uses a random enchantment level from 5 – 19. The enchantments are never treasure enchantments.
2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24 2.25 2.26 2.27 2.28 2.29 2.30 2.31 2.32 2.33 2.34 2.35 2.36 2.37 2.38 2.39 2.40 2.41 2.42 2.43 2.44 As the villager cannot level up any further, they do not actually gain any experience.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 In worlds that do not have the structure, this trade is not offered.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 The type of boat trade depends on the biome outfit of the villager. Plains villagers buy oak boats, taiga and snowy villagers buy spruce boats, desert and jungle villagers buy jungle boats, savanna villagers buy acacia boats, and swamp villagers buy dark oak boats.
5. ↑ The potion can either be level I or II, or with a longer duration.
6. ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 The leather armor has a random color created by two dyes (possibly the same dye twice.)
7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 The enchantment is chosen randomly with equal chance of any enchantment type occurring (except for Soul Speed) and equal chance to get any level of the enchantment, meaning high-level enchantments are as likely as low-level enchantments. The price in emeralds depends on the enchantment level and "treasure" status. The possible values are 5–19 emeralds for Lvl I, 8–32 for Lvl II, 11–45 for Lvl III, 14–58 for Lvl IV, and 17–71 for Lvl V. For treasure enchantments the price is doubled. Note that the cost is capped to 64, meaning that for example Lvl V books truly range from 17–64 emeralds with costs at the upper end of the range being more common.
8. ↑ The trade is listed as 2 Book and Quill items, but due to the fact that there is only 1 trading input slot, and books and quills cannot stack, the player only needs to exchange 1 Book and Quill in the trade.
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 If explorer maps are bought when in the Nether, the End or a superflat world, the explorer map does not show a destination structure, and buying it in an Old world causes the game to freeze
10. ↑ The stew grants one of the following effects: 5-7 seconds of Blindness, 7-10 seconds of Jump Boost, 7-10 seconds of Night Vision, 10-20 seconds of Poison, 0.3-0.35 seconds of Saturation, or 6-8 seconds of Weakness.
11. ↑ Potion level is always I, except for Arrow of Decay, which is always II
12. ↑ Book and Quil offered in two item slot due being non stackable
13. ↑ Only one item is offered (e.g. wandering trader cannot sell both cocoa beans and pink dye). Each group of single-offer trades has the same chance to be chosen as a normal trade based on weight. For example, each individual sapling does have the same chance of being offered as a slimeball, because the sapling group as a whole which consist of 4 items and has 4 weight (multiple sapling cannot be offered however).
14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7 Crop seeds offered in both grouped and individual trades
## References

1. ↑ There is 0.04% chance for zombies and skeletons to spawn with diamond armor, but the chance is so negligible that it is infeasible to obtain diamond armor in this way.
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cs:Obchodování
de:Handel
el:Trading
es:Comercio
fr:Commerce
hu:Kereskedés
it:Commercio
ja:取引
ko:거래
nl:Handelen
pl:Handel
pt:Comércio
ru:Торговля
th:การแลกเปลี่ยน
tr:Ticaret
uk:Торгівля
zh:交易