Clan Campbell

Clan Campbell Crest

**Clan Campbell** (Scottish Gaelic: *Na Caimbeulaich* [na ˈkʰaimbəl̪ˠɪç]) is a Highland Scottish clan, historically one of the largest and most powerful of the Highland clans. The Clan Campbell lands are in Argyll and within their lands lies Ben Cruachan. The chief of the clan is the 9th Duke of Argyll.

## History

In traditional genealogies, the clan's origins are in the ancient Britons of Strathclyde. The earliest Campbell in written record is **Gillespie**, whose name is recorded in 1263. Early grants to Gillespie and his relations were almost all in east-central Scotland. The family's connection with Argyll came some generations earlier when a Campbell married the heiress of the **O'Duines** and she brought with her the **Lordship of Loch Awe.**

Between 1200 and 1500, the Campbells emerged as one of the most powerful families in Scotland, dominant in Argyll and capable of wielding a wider influence and authority from Edinburgh to the Hebrides and western Highlands.

The original seat of Clan Campbell was either Innis Chonnell Castle on Loch Awe or **Caisteal na Nigheann Ruaidh** on Loch Avich. The clan's power soon spread throughout Argyll, though at first the Campbells were under the domination of the Lords of Lorne, chiefs of Clan MacDougall. The MacDougalls killed the Campbell chief Cailean Mór (Colin Campbell) in 1296 at the Battle of Red Ford. All subsequent chiefs of Clan Campbell have taken ***MacCailean Mór*** as their Gaelic patronymic.

## Clan Tartan

Although mills produce many fabrics based on the Campbell tartan, the clan chief recognizes only four:

* **Campbell or old Campbell**: In darker tones, it is more commonly known as the Black Watch tartan or the Government sett. The Black Watch, first raised in 1695 to police the "black trade" of cattle smuggling in the Highlands, taking role later as a militia in 1725 by General Wade (after the act of Union in 1707), became what was the first Highland regiment in the British Army. All Campbell tartans are based upon the Old Campbell tartan, as are many other clan tartans. The Black Watch variant was used, and is in current use, by several military units throughout the Commonwealth:

* **Campbell of Breadalbane**: the tartan of the Campbells of the Breadalbane and Glenorchy branches.

* **Campbell of Cawdor**: the tartan of the Campbells of the Cawdor branch.

* **Campbell of Loudoun**: the tartan of the Campbells of the Loudoun branch.

## Clan Chief

Ian Archibald Campbell is the *9th Duke of Argyll, Marquess of Kintyre and Lorne, Earl of Argyll, Campbell and Cowal, Viscount Lochawe and Glenyla, Lord Campbell, Lorne, Kintyre, Inveraray, Mull, Morven and Tyrie, Baronet of Nova Scotia, Hereditary Master of the Royal Household in Scotland, Hereditary Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland, Hereditary Keeper of the royal castles of Dunoon, Carrick Castle, Dunstaffnage Castle and Tarbet, Admiral of the Western coasts and isles, and Chief of the Honorable Clan Campbell*.

The chief's Gaelic title is ***Mac Cailein Mòr*** ('Son of Colin the Great'). Campbell is also the hereditary **High Sheriff of Argyllshire**, a member of the **King's Body Guard for Scotland**, and a member of the **Royal Company of Archers**.

## Other Clan Campbell Members

#### **George Campbell and his descendants (by year of birth)**

* **George Edward Campbell,** 8th Duke of Argyll (1835-1900), 1st generation
* **Ian Archibald Campbell,** 9th Duke of Argyll (b. 1861), 2nd generation, son of George Edward Campbell
* Lord **Douglas Campbell** (b. 1863), 2nd generation, son of George Edward Campbell
* Lord **James Campbell** (b. 1866), 2nd generation, son of George Edward Campbell
* Lady Jacqueline Lewis (b. 1868), 2nd generation, daughter of George Edward Campbell
* Mr. James Lewis (b. 1891), 3rd generation, grandson of George Edward Campbell
* **George Frederick Campbell,** Marquess of Lorne (b. 1893), 3rd generation, grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Mr. Jacob Lewis (b. 1895), 3rd generation, grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Lord **Charles Campbell** (b. 1896), 3rd generation, grandson of George Edward Campbell
* **Charlotte**, Countess of Perth (b. 1896), 3rd generation, granddaughter of George Edward Campbell
* Lord **Colin Campbell** (b. 1899), 3rd generation, grandson of George Edward Campbell
* **Louise**, Lady Forbes (b. 1901), 3rd generation, granddaughter of George Edward Campbell
* **Jane**, Marchioness of Stafford (b. 1901), 3rd generation, granddaughter of George Edward Campbell
* Lord **Ian Torquhil Campbell** (b. 1904), 3rd generation, grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Lord **George Granville Campbell** (b. 1910), 3rd generation, grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Lord **Frederick Campbell** (b. 1912), 3rd generation, grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Josephine Crawley, Countess of Grantham (b. 1914), 3rd generation, granddaughter of George Edward Campbell
* Lord **Duncan Campbell** (b. 1914), 3rd generation, grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Lady **Anne Campbell** (b. 1916), 3rd generation, granddaughter of George Edward Campbell
* Lady **Violet Campbell** (b. 1916), 3rd generation, granddaughter of George Edward Campbell
* **Archibald Campbell**, Earl of Campbell (b. 1924), 4th generation, great-grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Lady **Caroline Campbell** (b. 1926), 4th generation, great-granddaughter of George Edward Campbell
* Lord **Niall Campbell** (b. 1927), 4th generation, great-grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Lady **Beatrice Campbell** (b. 1929), 4th generation, great-granddaughter of George Edward Campbell
* Master **William Lewis** (b. 1930), 4th generation, great-grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Lady **Victoria Campbell** (b. 1931), 4th generation, great-granddaughter of George Edward Campbell
* Lady **Josephine Campbell** (b. 1932), 4th generation, great-granddaughter of George Edward Campbell
* Master **Archie Lewis** (b. 1933), 4th generation, great-grandson of George Edward Campbell
* **Robert Drummond**, Viscount Strathallan (b. 1933), 4th generation, great-grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Arthur Crawley, Viscount Downton (b. 1935), 4th generation, great-grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Lord **Jaego** **Drummond** (b. 1936), 4th generation, great-grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Lord Benedict Crawley (b. 1936), 4th generation, great-grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Master **George Lewis** (b. 1937), 4th generation, great-grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Master **Douglas Lewis** (b. 1937), 4th generation, great-grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Lord Christopher Crawley (b. 1938), 4th generation, great-grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Miss **Margaret Lewis** (b. 1939), 4th generation, great-granddaughter of George Edward Campbell
* Lady Diana Crawley (b. 1940), 4th generation, great-granddaughter of George Edward Campbell
* Lord Edmund Crawley (b. 1940), 4th generation, great-grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Lady **Elizabeth Campbell** (b. 1940), 4th generation, great-granddaughter of George Edward Campbell
* Lord **Alexander Campbell** (b. 1941), 4th generation, great-grandson of George Edward Campbell
* **Thomas**, Earl Gower (b. 1941), 4th generation, great-grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Master **Colin Lewis** (b. 1942), 4th generation, great-grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Master **Robert Lewis** (b. 1942), 4th generation, great-grandson of George Edward Campbell
* **Malcolm Forbes**, Master of Forbes (b. 1944), 4th generation, great-grandson of George Edward Campbell
* Hon. **Marjorie Forbes** (b. 1946), 4th generation, great-granddaughter of George Edward Campbell

#### Spouse(s) of George Edward Campbell and his descendants (by year of birth)

* **Grace**, Duchess of Argyll (1840-1916), wife of George Edward Campbell
* **Mary**, Duchess of Argyll (b. 1865), wife of Ian Archibald Campbell
* Mr. John Lewis (b. 1865), husband of Jacqueline Lewis
* Lady **Emma Campbell** (b. 1867), wife of Douglas Campbell
* Lady **Georgina Campbell** (b. 1869), wife of James Campbell
* **Caroline**, Marchioness of Lorne (b. 1893), wife of George Frederick Campbell
* Lady Augusta Lewis (b. 1894), wife of James Lewis
* **Edward Drummond**, 6th Earl of Perth (b. 1895), husband of Charlotte Drummond
* Hon. Brianna Lewis (b. 1896), wife of Jacob Lewis
* **Nigel**, Lord Forbes (b. 1899), husband of Louise Forbes
* **Francis**, Marquess of Stafford (b. 1901), husband of Jane Egerton
* Lady **Samantha Campbell** (b. 1907), wife of Ian Torquhil Campbell
* Alexander Crawley, Earl of Grantham (b. 1914), husband of Josephine Crawley