Henriette-Adélaïde Marie de Savoie

## Henriette-Adélaïde Marie de Savoie, Princesse-Électrice de Bavière

Henriette Adelaide Marie de Savoie, Princesse-Électrice de Bavière, circa 1665 by an unknown painter.

## Title

### Title

Princesse-Électrice de Bavière et Palatin

### Tenure

As Princesse-Électrice de Bavière, (27th of September, 1651 - Present)As Duchesse de Bavière, (8th of December, 1650 - 27th of September, 1651)

As Mademoiselle de Saluzzo, 6th of November, 1636 - 8th of December, 1650)

### Predecessor

Marie-Anne de Habsburg, Princesse-Électrice Douarière de Bavière

## Occupations

### Court Posts

Première Dame de Chambre à Henriette d'Angleterre (1661 - 1670)Première Dame d'Honneur à Henriette d'Angleterre (1670 - Present)

## Biography

### Full Name

Henriette-Adélaïde Marie de Savoie(German; Henriette-Adelheid Maria von Savoyen. Italian; Enrichetta-Adélaïde Maria di Savoie)

### House

Maison de Savoie, by birth.Maison de Wittelsbach, by marriage.

### Born

6th of November 1636, in Castello del Valentino, Turin, Empire de Vasttaire

### Spouse

Guillaume VI de Wittelsbach, Prince-Electeur de Bavière et Palatin (m. 1650)

### Issue

Marie Anne Victorie de Wittelsbach, Mademoiselle de Bavière (28 November 1660 – Present)Maximilian Emanuel de Wittelsbach, Duc de Bavière (11 July 1662 - Present)

Louise Marguerite Antonie de Wittelsbach, Mademoiselle de Haag (18 September 1663 – Present)

Louis Amadeus Victor de Wittlesbach, Comte de Haag (6 April 1665 – Present)

### Father

Victor Amadeus I, Duc de Savoie, Roi-Titulaire de Jérusalem et de Chypre (8th of May 1587 – 7th of October 1637) †

### Mother

Christine Marie d'Evreux, Duchesse de Savoie et Reine-Titulaire de Jérusalem et de Chypre (10th of February 1606 – 27th of December 1663) †

### Siblings

Louis Amadeus de Savoie, Prince de Piémont (1622 – 1628) † Luisa Cristina de Savoie, Princesse Douarière d'Oneglia (27 July 1629 – Present)

Francis Hyacinth de Savoie, Duc de Savoie (14 September 1632 – 4 October 1638) †

Charles Emmanuel de Savoie, Duc de Savoie (20 June 1634 – Present)

Margherita Violante de Savoie, Duchesse de Parme (15 November 1635 – 29 April 1663) †

Catherine Beatrice de Savoie, Mademoiselle d'Aosta (6 November 1636 – 27 August 1637) †

### Religion

Roman Catholicism

**Henriette-Adélaïde Marie de Savoie** *(Italian: Enrichetta-Adélaïde Maria di Savoia; German: Henriette-Adelheid Maria von Savoyen; 6 November 1636 – Present)* is a member of the court of Vasttaire, as well as the Princesse-Électrice de Bavière by her marriage to Guillaume VI de Wittelsbach, Prince-Electeur de Bavière et Palatin, making her a member of the Maison de Wittelsbach by marriage, Henriette Adelaide was additionally a member of Maison de Savoie by birth, as the youngest daughter of Victor Amédée de Savoie, Duc de Savoie et Roi-Titulaire de Jérusalem et de Chypre and Christine Marie d'Évreux, Duchesse de Savoie et Reine-Titulaire de Jérusalem et de Chypre to survive past infancy. Her arrival marked the arrival of Italian Baroque in Bavaria, playing a leading role in the construction of the Château de Nymphenbourg and the L'Église des Théatins in Münich.

## Early Life

#### **Birth**

Henriette-Adélaïde Marie de Savoie was born to Victor Amadeus de Savoie and Christine Marie d'Évreux, the Duc et Duchesse de Savoie. The eldest of a pair of twin girls, her younger sister, Catherine Beatrice, the Mademoiselle d'Aosta's life was shortlived, dying only several months after. Tragedy struck again early in Henriette's life, as her father passed away a month after her twin sister, leaving the now Duchesse Douarière de Savoie as the regent for their eldest son. From birth she was styled as the Mademoiselle de Saluzzo, and was given the name Henriette-Adélaïde Marie de Savoie, after her aunt, Henriette Marie d'Évreux, Reine d'Angleterre.

#### **Childhood**

   The young Mademoiselle de Saluzzo was never extremely close with any of her parents, instead being raised by a gouvernante along with her other two sisters, Louise-Christine and Marguerite-Yolande. Henriette Adelaide was noted to be a polite, all be it stubborn child in her youth, and grew up admiring her mother, something which would continue even after the Piedmontese civil war caused by her two uncles.

## Life at Court

#### **Marriage Prospects & Betrothal**

In the beginning, a Bavarian marriage was not the choice for either side, as the Duchesse Douarière de Savoie, Christine Marie d'Évreux instead desired her youngest daughter marry her nephew, the Dauphin, though nothing came from this, to her disappointment. Instead, word arrived from the court of Munich, where the Prince-Électeur de Bavière wished for his son to marry one of the Savoyards, as he desired for his son to wed a Catholic bride. Originally, her elder sister, Margherite Violante was the one chosen, though before the marriage pact was supposed to be signed, unkbeknownst to the court in Turin, the Electoral family already knew about them from the reports of Ferdinando Egartner, who went by the alias of Aloise Rizzi while in Savoy. These reports included supposed reports of the younger sister, Henriette-Adélaïde's beauty, which was already well known at the time. This in turn led to the Électeur to insist that the Mademoiselle de Saluzzo be selected as the bride instead, and so the fourteen year old Savoyard was betrothed to Guillaume de Wittelsbach, Duc de Bavière.

#### **Marriage**

On December 8th, 1650, the Mademoiselle de Saluzzo was wed by proxy to Guillaume de Wittelsbach, the Duc de Bavière at the time, with her brother, Charles Emmanuel de Savoie standing in for the absent groom. The new Duchesse stayed in Savoy for another year until 1651, the year her father in law died, and so she departed to a land she had never set foot on. On the 16th of May, 1652, the Électrice departed from Turin, with 336 horses and 350 baggage vehicles heading off to Munich. Henriette-Adélaïde first met her husband in Kufstein, and a month later the marriage took place again on the 25th of June, this time in Munich.

The first few years of her marriage weren't easy, the Électrice, who was just as ambitious as her mother seemed to be both disappointed in herself and her husband, the former due to her failure to deliver an heir, and the latter due to an incident that occurred in 1655, where the Cardinal Jules Mazarin proposed that her husband succeed his cousin, Ferdinand von Österreich, König von Böhmen, Ungarn und Kroatien, however after two years of consideration, Guillaume refused, much to the anger of his wife, who had now missed the opportunity to become the wife of a sovereign twice. Instead her husband supported the succession of Leopold I von Österreich, who instead became the Erzherzog von Österreich in his place.

## Issue

* **Marie Anne Victorie de Wittelsbach**, *Mademoiselle de Bavière* (28th of November, 1660 – Present)
* **Maximilian Emanuel de Wittelsbach**, *Duc de Bavière* (11th of July, 1662 - Present)
* **Louise Marguerite Antonie de Wittelsbach**, *Mademoiselle de Haag* (18th of September, 1663 – Present)
* **Louis Amadeus Victor de Wittleabach**, *Comte de Haag* (6th of April, 1665 – Present)

## Titles, Styles & Honours

**6th of November, 1636 - 8th of December, 1650:** *La Mademoiselle de Saluzzo*

**8th of December, 1650 - 27th of September, 1651:** *Sa Grâce,* *Madame la Duchesse de Bavière*

**27th of September, 1651 - Present:** *Madame la Princesse-Électrice de Bavièvere, Princesse-Électrice Palatin, Duchesse de Bavière-Munich, Duchesse de Bavière-Dachau, Duchesse de Bavière-Landshut, Duchesse de Bavière-Straubing, Duchesse de Bavière-Ingolstadt, Comtesse de Haag*