Ligne 225 KV - (Margeride-Rueyres)

### Nombre de pylônes:

262 pylônes :227 pylônes à cadre + 17 chats + 9 pylônes à 2 triangles + 8 pylônes à 3 triangles + 1 drapeau

## Présentation :

La ligne Margeride-Rueyres est une ligne à très haute tension reliant la commune de Saint-Chely-d'Apcher au poste d'interconnexion de Rueyres, près de la centrale électrique de Brommat. Elle fait partie de la continuité électrique à 225 KV Pratclaux-Rueyres.

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class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003ERueyres\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Rueyres\n","link":"","lat":44.77877249399225,"lon":2.6894331039372643,"icon":""},{"text":"\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EMargeride\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Margeride\n","link":"","lat":44.791169409500334,"lon":3.2812148538695673,"icon":""}]}
## Historique :

La construction de la ligne fut décidée par la STEC (Société de Transport d'Energie du Centre) en 1927 pour amener l'énergie du futur complexe hydroélectrique Sarrans-Brommat sur la Truyère.

Elle fut mise en service en 1932 et reliait alors le poste de Rueyres (en surplomb de la centrale de Brommat) à l'usine hydroélectrique de Monistrol-d'Allier, construite quelques années plus tôt dans les gorges de l'Allier. Elle permit ainsi à la compagnie d'électricité de raccorder son réseau (qui couvrait l'Auvergne, la Loire et le bassin industriel du Creusot) à ce qui était alors l'usine de production la plus importante de France.

La puissance des deux usines de la Truyère ( plus de 300 MW en cumulé) incita la STEC a adopter pour la première fois la tension de 220 000 volts. Elle fut la deuxième liaison en France construite à ce niveau de tension, après l'artère Paris-Massif central (Chevilly-Chaingy-Eguzon-La Mole-Rueyres).

En 1950, la ligne est prolongée de 600m côté Haute-Loire et relie dès lors Rueyres à Pratclaux ( poste créé au dessus de Monistrol-d'Allier en vue du développement du réseau 225 KV dans la région).

Pour renforcer l'alimentation du Nord Lozère, le poste de Margeride est mis en service en 1967 à Saint-Chely-d'Apcher. Il est raccordé sur la ligne Pratclaux-Rueyres grâce à 2 pylônes à 3 triangles et 2 drapeaux.

## La ligne de nos jours :

RTE a rénové la ligne en 2014 pour la "maintenir en condition opérationnelle et développer la capacité d’accueil de production dans le Sud de l’Auvergne". Les travaux consistait à remplacer des isolateurs et des câbles conducteurs et renforcer les pylônes (certains ont même été remplacé par des pylônes de type chat).

## Description du tracé :

* La ligne traverse le plateau de l'Aubrac d'est en ouest entre Saint-Chély-d'Apcher et Rueyres. Depuis le poste de Margeride, elle part vers le sud puis tourne très vite vers le sud-ouest. Elle croise la voie ferrée Beziers-Neussargues et longe la ligne 63 KV Margeride-Chaudes-Aigues sur quelques kilomètres.
* Après Saint-Laurent-de-Veyrès, elle bifurque plein ouest, croise la D13 au sud de Saint-Rémy-de-Chaudes-Aigues puis la D921 à Lacalm.
* A partir d'Alpuech, elle traverse un relief plus accidenté. Elle franchit alors l'Argence vive puis croise la D900 au sud de Sainte-Geneviève-sur-Argence.
* La ligne franchit ensuite le ruisseau du Batut et les imposantes gorges de la Truyère avant d'arriver dans le poste de Rueyres.

## Ancienne ligne :

* Ligne 220 KV - (Rueyres - Monistrol d'Allier)

## Notes :

Le poste de Margeride, mis en service en 1967, a été durant plus de 50 ans le seul point de raccordement de la Lozère au réseau à très haute tension (225KV et plus). Il joue un rôle primordial dans l'alimentation électrique du département et notamment de l'usine ArcelorMittal de Saint-Chely, son plus gros site industriel.

Le franchissement des gorges de la Truyère et du ruisseau du Batut représente un cas particulier : sur chaque crête, les 3 câbles conducteurs ne sont pas fixés sur un même support mais indépendamment sur 3 pylônes distincts (voir photo ci-contre).