LiuHe DaQiang 六合大枪

A large spear measuring over 3 metres in length, known to be Bajiquan's reference weapon, and used to train Bajiquan's characteristic Fa Jing 發勁. Skill in LiuHe DaQiang is considered, by many, to be necessary in mastering Bajiquan.

 Name

LiuHe DaQiang 六合大枪 translates literally as "Six Harmonies Great Spear". Da 大 is sometimes translated as "big" or "giant", while Qiang 枪 may also be read as "Lance". It has, on occasion, even been translated as "Six Element Integration Spear".

It can be also be argued that:

> the ‘six harmony’ (liuhe) in spear techniques originally meant ‘six combinations of combat’, which refer to six combinations in training that systematically integrate different techniques into fixed routines.
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## History

### Early Military and Civilian DaQiang

Prior to the end of the Ming Dynasty in 1644 AD, there were two main branches of DaQiang: the "Military" DaQiang, used in the army and the "Civilian" DaQiang. As the DaQiang is far too long to be a practical choice for self defence, most civilians practicing DaQiang were young men planning to join the army. At the same time, retired soldiers and members of the military were also transferring military DaQiang skills back to the normal people. As a result, over time, the civilian DaQiang merged into the military version.

In 1644, with the fall of the Ming Dynasty and later the adoption of more modern firearms during the Qing Dynasty, the Chinese military was eliminated, mirroring what was happening in Europe with the Military Pike. This process occurred over many years, and as such, while the civilian DaQiang system remained, it was beginning to transition into becoming a form of strength training, due to issues of safety and practicality. Over time, these skills have become the "Traditional" DaQiang skills that exist today.

### Wu Zhong

The LiuHe DaQiang has been associated with Bajiquan since its creation, with its founder, Wu Zhong, having earned a reputation for his skill with the spear during a competition in YanJing (Modern day Beijing) with the Prince of Xun-Qing. In the famous duel, Wu was reported to have powdered the tip of his spear with white chalk and, using lightning fast thrusts, used it to leave white marks on the eyebrows of the prince, before his opponent could react. The martial prowess that he demonstrated in this encounter earned him the name "God of Spear Wu Zhong".

Wu had been well versed in wielding a spear, but it wasn't until he encountered a master Zhang YueShan, from whom he learned key principles, specifically "the combined methods of advance and retreat" (進退合戰之法  jintui hezhan zhi fa)

### Li ShuWen

Li ShuWen's incredible skills earned him the nickname "God of Spear Li".

### Modern Reappearance

Following on from the surge of interest in HEMA (Historical European Martial Arts), in 2016 the International DaQiang (IDaqiang) organisation has managed to generate a large amount of interest in competitive spear sparring, using the DaQiang. While the organisation had been in existence since, it was not until November 2016 when a promotional video made by the group was shared on social media, that they gained public attention.

## Specification

### Length

LiuHe DaQiang are generally between 3-4 metres in length, but vary depending on the school and practitioner. Some historical DaQiang were reported to be as large as 5 metres in length.

> First of all, the spear/lance needs to be longer than 10 feet, and must be made of a very hard wood. Thus the lance must be long and heavy, and using it requires the practitioner to have a certain amount of strength.
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In military usage, evidence suggests that many generals tended to opt for the 3 metre long variety, while regular foot soldiers would be equipped with a longer, 4-5 metre spear.

Modern DaQiang, as used by the International Daqiang organisation, measure 3.3 metres in length.

### Weight

It is customary to use heavier shafts for training purposes to help develop the strength necessary to wield the LiuHe DaQiang with adequate skill, these generally weigh 2-3kg. Zhang GongCheng and Li ShuWen, alongside several other deceased masters, used spears with shafts weighing up to 8 jin (4 kg) for training, while Ma FengTu is reported to have used one weighing five to six jin ( 2.5-3kg) even into his seventies.

For military DaQiang, however, it was also important to be able to wield and carry the weapon easily and for extended periods of time, and as such, a lighter shaft could be beneficial.

### Stiffness

Military DaQiang were required to have "100%" stiffness, for two main reasons:

Firstly, to provide the user with good power transfer and superior penetration power - flexibility would impede this and make the weapons less effective. Greater stiffness results in a higher vibration frequency and a lower vibration amplitude on impact. Because a softer DaQiang has greater vibrational amplitude, it will bend more, particularly if the opponent is armoured, and it therefore lacks the same ability to penetrate as a DaQiang with a stiffer shaft.

The second reason for the stiff shaft is that DaQiang defensive techniques always require players to use the side of the shaft to deflect attacks. As a result, the blocked attack will always be perpendicular to the shaft of Daqiang and will cause it to bend; naturally, a softer shaft will bend more than one that is stiff. This then means that, due to vibration causing the staff to deform, power transmission to the tip of the DaQiang is impeded, the ability to block is delayed, and the tip of the weapon may be misaligned with the target..

### Construction

In ancient China, DaQiang were often made with a composite material, consisting of a wooden core surrounded by bamboo strips, allowing them to be both stiff and light. Next, the shaft would be polished and wrapped in silk before finally being lacquered.

DaQiang have historically always been made of wood, however, modern, competition-DaQiang are generally made of carbon fiberglass. On the other hand, personal and performance DaQiang are more often made using flexible wax-wood as larger vibrations are aesthetically desirable. Dr. James Guo (), suggests that the prevalence of wax-wood spears may come from a misunderstanding in the literature on the subject:

> There has been a misunderstanding of using White-Wax wood for Daqiang. Well, the famous Daqiang book, “Records of Arms手臂錄”, states: “White-wax wood is only good for staffs (a hacking weapon)”.
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## Usage

There are three fundamental techniques known as "Bi, Feng, Ci" or "Lan, Na, Zha".

"Shaking" is sometimes considered as a 4th.

## Riddles to edit

**Seven, Liuhe big [*Spear]* 六合槍棍 /**

        The Bajiquan Liuhe Big Spear comes from Lai Kuiyuan of Solo Village, Yan'an Prefecture, Shaanxi Province.

        In the 20th year of Qianlong (1756), Wu Zhong went to Solo Village in Yan'an Prefecture, and he followed Lai Kuiyuan as his teacher. In the forty-five year of Qianlong (1781), Wu Zhong passed the Liuhe big spear to his daughters Wu Rong, Wu Yong, Ding Xiaowu, and Wu Rong, Wu Yong, Ding Xiaowu, Luo Tuan, Zhang Keming, and Li Dazhong. Zhang Keming worked hard to practice the Liuhe big spear technique and gained the secrets of spearmanship. In his later years, he carefully taught Li Shuwen with his disciple Huang Sihai. Li Shuwen's exquisite Liuhe spear technique is passed down as a martial art story and has been passed down to this day.

(1) Liuhe of Liuhe Big Spear:

        Eyes and heart, heart and hands, hand and foot, rifle and Spear, Spear and waist, waist and force.

(2) Liuhe big Spear, speak eighteen characters

        Entangling, blocking, holding, pumping, holding, flashing, holding, chopping, frustrating, splitting, catching, generation, lifting, bumping, collapse, picking, hooking, sticking.

(3) On the Spear circle:

        The spear circle is unique to the Liuhe Great Spear Technique, and is also the foundation of the marksmanship. The attack and defense in the art attack is based on the spear circle. Therefore, twisting the spear ring is the basis for practicing Liuhe big spear. The main purpose of twisting the Spear is the waist, and the back hand twists the buckle as a supplement. Use Liuhe Jin to twist the waist and the Spear to roll the beans. The reason goes: The root of a Spear is like a rolling bean, and the tip of a Spear is like a circle. The ring of the Spear should not be too large, so as not to hurt my arms and feet. Compared with the Spear, the two are a first-line battle. They can advance or retreat between the first line. The function of one inch is the winner. Therefore, the Yun Liuhe big Spear talks about the Spear. As the saying goes: If the Spear is pierced, it's a stick. The Spear circle should not be too large. It is about flexible entry and exit, so when practicing the Spear circle and piercing the Spear, the front hand-close the waist-turn, the back hand twist and drill forward, be anxious suddenly, be afraid of pulling slowly, straight out and straight forward , The body is like a bow, Spears are like arrows, back and forth without meeting, one eyebrow, two hearts, three elbows, four yin, the front hand and the back hand divide the yin and yang, half-yin and half-yang are extraordinary. Pull back the line to protect yourself.

(4) Liuhe Big Spear Song:

        The strong man is holding a golden Spear, only nine inches long, and he fights for a while every day, so he can see King Yan, and fight Xiangyang-Liufeng, the house and the wolf must perform meritorious service, the flat spear comes to the spear king, high, low, and near. , Do not stick up, do not take down, the center point is difficult to parry, come like an arrow, go like a thread, point to the head, pierce the toe, the Spear is a loinlock, first pierce the head and feet, rush, accurate, and fast, pierce first , Fast tie, do not wait.

(5) On Liuhe Spear

1. The essence of Liuhe big Spear:

        The big Spear is the first of the Bajiquan equipment. Liuhe big Spears have a long history, and the spreaders are different. Our big Spears have unique methods such as piercing, piercing, picking, and point, which are really different from other Spears. The Liuhe great spear technique is: the essence of the Spears of Yang, Gao, Sha, Ma, Luo and Liu are integrated into one. There are six ways for each big Spear, a total of 36 ways. The main points are: the hands, eyes, hearts, waist, Spears, and steps are in harmony. Since ancient times, the Spear has been the king of a hundred soldiers, which shows its prestige.

2. Overview of marksmanship

(1) Holding a Spear:

        The posture of holding a Spear is extremely important for the use of marksmanship. Therefore, the posture of the body is not correct, the three-pointed is not according to the point, and the body is not right. Hold the Spear with the front hand like a bracket, the main direction, the back hand is thrown out in the waist, the front hand presses two or three fingers with the big finger, circle the Spear body, circle the Spear like a reel, the forearm is straight, the shoulder is loose, like Tuotaishan, the hand is not yin or yang, the back hand grips the root of the Spear firmly, reaches the palm, the hand tilts the Spear, the barrel is close to the ribs, the song says: The Spear body is close to the side, the tip of the Spear is directly against the enemy's chest, the Spear The faceplate resembles a line and stretches and contracts for self-discussion.

(2) Screw the Spear:

        First of all, the practice of the Spear is to screw the Spear and toss the Spear. This is the foundation of the waist technique. Then learn the techniques of twisting the Spear inside and outside, splitting the spear, and then practicing the living step, winding the inside and outside, and finally practice the footwork of the technique. Bajiquan uses big Spears outside, and if you want to practice the Liuhe big Spear, you need to practice repeatedly when you twist the Spear.

(3) The Spear has three levels and three methods:

        The Spear has three levels, the upper level is at the chest, the middle level is between the breast and the navel, and the lower level is at the navel. The posture of the Spear is not beautiful but practical. The whole body is covered in the barrel of the Spear, and the posture is not in the right position. Therefore, the Spear must be upright and stable to move forward and retreat freely without losing any chance. The step should not be too large. The Spear should not leave the waist, and the Spear steps should follow each other and the three tips should shine. There are three methods for Spears: one is to have a uniform body; two, to hold the Spear upright; three, to be deep and not exposed. The body position is uniform and there is no fear of falling, easy to advance and retreat, the Spear is upright, can avoid odd slanting styles, hides the body, waits for the opportunity to stab, and does not show the truth.

(4) Ring Spear:

        The first aid action is the ring Spear, and the waist is the main practice in the basic skills of screwing the Spear. The root of the Spear is like a rolling bean and the tip of the Spear is like a circle. The technique is half-yin and half-yang, yin and yang change mutually, the front hand is closed, the Spear is turned, the back hand is twisted and drilled forward. Suddenly be anxious, straight out and straight forward, people are like bows, Spears are like arrows, one eyebrow, two hearts, three elbows, four yin. It’s anxious to come, don’t go slowly, withdraw back and forth without seeing each other, it’s unusual to separate the yin and yang, half-yin and half-yang in front and back, make a line of progress, pull back and pull back to guard, circle the gap between the Spears, can advance and retreat , The function of an inch hides the whole body, the saying goes: A stick is hit, and the Spear is missing. That is to say, the gap between straight out and straight into the line is not only unnecessary, but also consumes one's own strength. The Spear has to go in and out lightly, dodging and retreating, and is easy. If the ring Spear is too large, it will advance and retreat slowly.

(5) The Spear has three essentials:

        One said: The body should be upright, the legs should be slightly bent, and the feet should be no more than eight steps, so that you can move forward and retreat flexibly, and the three tips of the two arms should be photographed. In order to cover the whole body with one shot, the upper body should be straight and avoid leaning forward. Don't be shy. Protruding abdomen makes Qi move naturally. The second said: The technique must be skillful. The technique includes yin and yang, half-yin and half-yang, sudden and pulling, licking and hanging, holding and hooking, bumping and frustration, chopping and smashing, crowding and crowding. In short, the yin and yang hands change each other. The back hand buckled and the Spear was shot in the waist. The footwork should be flexible. The footwork includes grabbing, following, smooth, swinging, knee-shaking, and point-to-ground. The hands must be quick, the eyes must be straight, the heart must be spirited, the Spear must be flat, the waist must be live, and the steps must follow.

(6) The Spear has four diseases:

        Linfeng’s self-conflict has one disease; the body does not conceal its disease two; when piercing does not pierce its disease three; the three-point does not follow its disease four; Linfeng must have faith and be calm. The difference is a thousand miles away. Although a shot is thin to cover the body, the body must be adjusted if it is not correct. When the enemy changes in an instant, you must pierce when you see a gap, and you should not be slow. Said: The Spear is tied to the waist, and it is too late to be rushed out. It is impossible to control the enemy.

(7) There are three Spears:

        One said: He can’t hold the Spear, the Gaby Spear is in the defensive style, and I can’t take it with force; the second said: He can’t get the Spear because he can’t take it, and Gaeli is in a hurry to take it. Take it, the Spear is not directed at me, I can take it directly. The Spear must be taken when the old force has passed and the new force is not born. Take advantage of the gap and enter in the other movement, waiting for work with ease, you can use the style to play.

(8) Make marksmanship:

        The main Spear is the flat spear, the Spear saying goes: "The flat spear is the king of the spear, and it hurts when it comes in and out." , And said: "Zhongping the Spear, the king of the Spear, high and low distances are defenseless. High does not stop, low does not hold, Zhongping a shot is difficult to parry, come like a line, go like an arrow, high and low, both far and near." The middle-level Spear is mainly used. Although the left and right winding is sealed, it actually protects the middle-level Spear. Therefore, the big Spear has a seven-point method, and the three-point method is based. Beating a thousand times is not as good as a prick. The mystery of marksmanship lies in the hand, and one yin and one yang are really just one prick. Twisting is protection, and pulling is attacking. When entering the Spear, it must be carried in successively, and when returning the Spear, it must be pulled with a loop. The so-called three-Spear in one Spear, the legs must be flexible and the back and forth steps must follow closely to cope with ever-changing changes. Combine the two into one, do not attack and fight, see the style of play, improve eagerly for the best, see the Spear and shoot the Spear and then pierce, the Spear step is not easy. Strive to follow others, with the help of others, the spear will be tied together, the twisting will be tied together, the holding will be tied together, the splitting will be tied together, the blocking will be tied together, waiting for work will be able to win. Geyun: "You shot, I took the Spear, you didn't return the Spear, I pierced the Spear. You shot, I pulled the Spear, you took my Spear back, Rafa Shan, Sham Farah, just stick it when you see it, Gao Ye Pull, even pull, control the enemy without rules." The above is a high-level summary of marksmanship. Another cloud: Who knows the mystery of the big Spear, the yin and yang of Liuhe make up for a moment, bring the ring to embrace the frustration, the flower arranging withdraws the Spear, it is strange, wanting to be close, thinking far away, hesitating, straight out and straight into the rest hesitate, this skill is often convinced , Not only does it work as a chemical machine.

(9) How to use the big Spear shortly:

        The big Spear is the strength of a long soldier, and it is more expensive than a short-term user. The method of using the big Spear in a short time. If the enemy advances slowly, then leap and exit after use. If the enemy retreats, retract the barrel with your hand, so that the enemy’s blade is not attached to our Spear and does not intersect with our Spear. , Can’t shrink truthfully, don’t attach one leg method, hold between two points, and use it as a short soldier.

(10) Liuhe big Spear accessory tricks:

        A stick of incense in the sky, lone geese out of a group, pigeons catching quail, grandpa fishing, borrowing arrows to pierce poplars, iron cattle plowing the land, oolong into the cave, civet catching mice, old man plowing the field, Chen Bo sleeping, like a dragon fetching water, the boy descending incense, Victory in defeat, clever female stubborn needles, arranging flowers into the Spear, white snakes in the wind, skylarks teasing, centipede drilling boards, blue dragon offering claws, wide open four doors, Qin king grinding pestle, big pythons turning over, punting on land, rushing into Hongmen in anger, Catching brocades all over the ground, the shelters set wolves, adjust the tigers away from the mountains, warp Spears, external Spears, straddle carbines, sleeve Spears, throat Spears, cannoned Xiangyang, led wolves into the house, and the song said: "Cannoning against Xiangyang, let the wolves go in the house Do meritorious service, lure wolves into the room to lure scheming, adjust the tiger away from the mountain and don't know."

(11) The big Spear can:

        Said: "Yes, shakes, stabs, makes mistakes, hangs, grabs, hooks, strokes". Shocking is a method of falling out of the Spear. The enemy pierces me from above. I use the Spear to crash, but the Spear is undefeated and I want to follow the crash. Chopped wrong is the enemy stabbed our defense, crouched and chopped the wrong spear undefeated door. If you go forward, the Spear will go in with you. If the enemy intercepts the Spear, we will grab the Spear and advance. The old man plows the field and uses tricks like a spear.

(12) Big Spear terminology:

        The Spears are like arrows, and their bodies are like bows. The two of them pierced their Spears with their feet, and the big Spears swayed with a gust of wind, coming and going without a trace. Out like an arrow back like a thread. You can see it at high and low distances, high and low, smashing at low, returning to the carbine for convenience, and the imperial rifle with a single Spear to lock the throat.

(13) Various marksmanship:

        Withdrawal spear method: Withdrawal spear method must be chopped down, and a small flip side is also authentic. You must carry the Spear with you, otherwise it is better not to make progress. The back handle should not leave the waist, and the front hand must be forwarded. Use the drill step. , Flower arrangement sees flower arrangement, you pierce and I pierce, see the Spear to change the tie, move by itself, move and step.

        Hitting the door spear method: This change of motionlessness, the Spear is slightly defeated and the door rushes in. When the Spear is fired, I use the broken Spear, and the Spear is held down. It is really tight, relying on the strength of the waist and the strength of the step.

        Cannonball Xiangyang: that is, raising sand and dust to confuse the enemy. Taigong intended to use his spear for fishing.

        Lonely goose out of the group: destroy the enemy with a single pistol, use the spear of the frustration. The iron cow plows the land, that is, uses the spear column to make the spear technique collapse. The pigeon catches the quail, and the high pick is wrapped around it, and the shot is shot.

        Fly the flag with the wind: like a spear. A stick of incense in the sky, such as splitting a spear, borrowing an arrow to pierce the Yang, holding the spear from the outside, and the boy dropping incense. It is actually holding the spear in both hands, so that the left and right Spears can be changed at will.

        The difference between withdrawal and ring spear method, the two are similar in reality but the difference is as follows:

        A: Withdrawing the Spear improves, but the ring Spear does not improve;

        B: Withdraw the Spear and sit down, while the ring Spear has the force to pull out;

        C: Withdraw the Spear to catch the frustration, and the ring Spear catches the frustration,

        D: Withdraw the Spear body and sit down, pull out and squeeze forward, while the ringed Spear is sideways and squeeze, not sitting down and squeezing forward.

        E: Withdrawing the Spear is a small flip and the ringed Spear is a big flip.

        F: The front hand slightly buckles the Spear withdrawn, and the front hand with the ringed Spear is slightly raised.

        G: Draw out the opponent before withdrawing the Spear, and the ringed Spear will not hit the opponent.

        H: Withdrawing the Spear while defending and attacking while the ring Spear is pure Spear power.

(14) Sanzha Liuhe Big Spear:

        Pierce the Spear for four times, eyes on the tip of the Spear, nose on the tip of the bladder, bladder on the tip of the hand, and hand on the tip of the toe. Said: "The two of them took their Spears off the field, walked three steps to pierce the Spears, stretched out their hands to pick up the black scale python, shook their heads and waved their tails around, pretending that the enemy is innocent and panicked." It’s hard. It’s useful to put your hands up and close your hands together. If you’re right at the tip, you can pierce it like a nail, come like a thread, or go like an arrow. Marksmanship, tactics; don’t lash out in a hurry, he shot my shot, he shot, I pierced, he drew one shot into the shot, eyes sick and hearty, don’t panic, yin and yang moves forward, so many people are hard to defend.

(15) Liuhe Big Spear Song:

        Wang Chan's vertical pose is the highest, and the golden beams and pillars use the Spear. Erlang plucked the grass to brighten the world, and came to throw his spear like an iron bar. The boy Xiangxiang didn't know how to forgive him when he turned his head back. He was shocked by the spear, and stepped back without mercy. The upper stick is independent, the person is held in the wrist by the marksmanship, and the spear is pierced by the yin and yang, and the Spear is like an iron bar, and the foot is turned up and down, the chest is pierced, and the rib is pierced. Next, the Qiao Nu Threading needle locks her mouth, the four-horse spear is frightened, how can she be willing to turn her feet and raise her eyebrows? Called the hero.

        There are six changes in the Liuhe Great Spear in one style. There are six methods for its up, down, left, right, front and back: one battle, two grabs, three slips, four collapses, five setbacks, and six captures.

(6) To tie the Liuhe big spear

1. Spear cap: There are three shots: Qinglong swings his tail, boy drops incense, and withdraws three shots.

        (1) Qinglong tail: up and down, both holding the front finger of the Spear with the right hand, and swinging the back with the right foot, holding the Spear with the left hand, and stirring the Spear to the right to change the handle. Turn around and stir to the left and stop. Change the handle and turn the Spear forward.

        (2) Boy descent incense: Connect the front style, move forward with both hands with the Spear, to drench the incense for the boy, then take it out, take a right step and turn around to hold the Spear backward, turn to the right back corner and change the Spear to the left Stir the tail, and then turn around.

        (3) Three shots thrown away: turn around and twist the Spear forward and throw three shots forward, stop and take it out, turn around to the right rear corner, and then turn around to put the Spear. Change the handle to the left to stir the tail, change the handle, turn around and hold the Spear, and take the following pose.

2. Wire-wrapped Spear: Two training methods, one is forward and backward method; the other is forward and backward method. The upper head is pierced up, the lower head is picked up (hanging the Spear), the upper head is pierced down, the lower head is inserted and blocked. The first one moved forward and wrapped silk, the next one retreated, and then the two of them threw their Spears into one-handed Spears. The shoulder Spear is advancing towards his own goal, for Erlang Danshan. Erlang took the mountain shoulder Spear forward to his door, turned around, thrown the Spear, and then each took the Spear and moved forward. During the grabbing step, he took the next pose.

The first five shots: the first shot, the bottom support block, the top shot again, the next shot hit the other Spear. The upper head is pierced again, the lower head is blocked with one hand, the upper head is pierced again, and the lower first is blocked. The upper and lower first styles are the same, and then the lower head borrows strength and retreats outside.

3. Threading needle Spear: connect up style, follow up and pierce at the upper head, take at the lower head, pierce at the upper head, take away from the lower head, take the upper head back with strength, and pierce at the lower head again Take it, stick it under the head, and take it outside.

Pick the sleeve Spear: connect up style. The next step took advantage of the strength to take a step back. Go to the top and take the next. The head is tied again, and the kneeling down is to pick up the sleeves. The upper hand immediately released his left hand, holding the Spear sideways with one hand. When the upper first wanted to copy the Spear with his left hand, the lower first picked up the upper sleeves like an iron cow. At this time, the leader withdrew from the rifle and copied the Spear. Tap the lower head again, and take the upper head. The lower head was pierced again, the upper head knelt down and took it away, and the lower head immediately let go, trying to copy the Spear with his left hand, holding it inside and out, jumping back and throwing the Spear.

4. Back to the carbine: Connect up style. The upper head rushed forward to pierce the foot that dodges, the lower head hurriedly used the right hand to hold the Spear in the block, the upper head pierced the first outer block, the upper head pierced again, and the bottom head left the Spear in the left hand. The upper head is pierced again, the lower head is taken out again, the upper head retreats and takes it away, turning back to the horse and retreating. The lower head hurriedly chased forward, and the upper head hurriedly turned back with his right hand to block. Strike again on the lower head, go to the outer block on the upper head, pierce again on the lower head, take the Spear in the left hand of the upper head. The lower head was pierced again, the upper head was taken outside, the lower head took advantage of the strength and jumped back, the upper head struck again, and the lower head was taken. The upper head is pierced again, and the lower head is changed into a cross horse.

5. Straddle carbine: Connect up style. Strike the upper head, take the lower head outside, turn around the upper spear, and pierce the left leg of the first person with the spear. The upper head hurriedly lifted his left leg, the lower head hurriedly retreated with a Spear, the upper head plunged again and again, the lower head blocked, the upper head stuck again, the lower head held out again, the upper head took advantage of the strength and jumped back. The lower head enters the stick, the upper first ri takes, the lower head pierces again, the upper head takes outside, the change crosses the horse and the lower left foot, the lower head raises the left leg, the upper head rushes back with a Spear, the lower head enters, the upper head takes , The lower head is pierced again, the upper head is taken outside, the lower head is taken outside with strength, and then jumps and retreats.

6. Wire-wrapped Spear: Connect up style. Chasing from the upper head to the lower head, the two of them raised their Spears and turned into silk spears. The lower first entered, the upper first retreated, and then the upper first entered, the lower first retreated. The two slammed Spears together, the first one picked up the Spear and pierced it, the next one picked up the Spear and took it in, the upper one pierced again, the lower one took it away, and the upper one jumped back. Choosing to open the next head is the same as choosing to open and close.

### Li Shuwen's "Magic Spear"

In the general discussion of Bajiquan, it will be mentioned that the famous masters of Bajiquan in the past are proficient in the art of big spear, and they all use Spears to convince people. The modern Li Gongshu can be said to be the most.

The Cang County Chronicles of Hebei Province stated in Li Gongshuwen (1864-1934): "The son of this farmer, from his neighbour Mengcun Jin Diansheng, practiced Bajiquan and Big Spear from his childhood. consistent, complement each other and the big Spears of the surgery, especially absolutely fine, invincible. **martial arts** circles statue, saying: "Spearslinger Lee. '"

Ma Mingda, the son of the famous martial artist Ma Fengtu (1888-1973) in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, wrote "Said Sword Series Draft". "Volume VI" mentioned that Ma Fengtu founded the "Chinese Warrior Association" in Tianjin in 1910, so as to unite martial artists and develop anti Qing Li: "Mr. Li Cunyi, a famous Xingyi, also participated. Mr. Li led a large number of disciples such as Hao Enguang to visit Tianjin, and the momentum was spectacular. My father confided in the respect and coordinated the ambiguity. Please come to Mr. Li Shuwen, Mr. Li took Zhang Dezhong, Huo Diange, Cui Changyou, Wang Jin and a group of high school students arrived, and their style is not lost to Li Cunyi."

"On the day of the establishment of the Samurai Association, Lee took a few shots when he left the field, advancing and retreating. He was stable and looked flat. Then, he and his disciples practiced the six-he eight mothers facing each other, attacking and defending, fighting with each other. All are shocked!"

At this time, Li Gongshuwen was about forty-six years old, and he became a family in marksmanship.

Li Shuwen Light Boxing, Major Spear

Ma Mingda described what Li Shuwen his father had observed: "He was dismissive of boxing and miscellaneous soldiers." "He is a professional boxer and teaches martial arts for food, so he has always been very tight in his skills, and he has a lot of discretion in accepting disciples." "Sometimes. He also had to practice something he didn't agree with in order to deal with the environment. Some of the gloves handed down to the world named Li Shuwen are mostly of this kind." "He usually talks very little, doesn't laugh, and talks vigorously when he is slightly down. Without covering up, even discussing the similarities and differences of the marksmanship between Beijing and Tianjin at the time, showing the heroic spirit of the surviving emperor from time to time."

From the above, Li Gong’s big Spear is used by the gods, not on fancy, but on practicality. Although he has less ink on boxing, he only practices single strokes in ordinary practice, but the spirit of practicality is consistent with the big Spear. In my eyes, there is no "viewability" in performance.

Taking Li Gong's devotion to the big Spear and boxing, comparing the two, it can be said that he regards boxing as "skills" and raises the level of Spears (weapons) to the level of "art". If you can master "art", Then "skills" are self-explanatory.

The martial arts masters of the past dynasties have used weapons and skills to convince people

Li Gong's concept of "light" boxing and "heavy" big Spear can also be confirmed in ancient martial arts books.

Qi Jiguang, a general of the Ming Dynasty, wrote in the "New Book of Ji Xiao" "Fisting Classics": "Fisting seems to have no pre-war skills, but using hands, feet, and limbs is the door for beginners to enter the arts."

Wu Tan of the Qing Dynasty added at the end of his book "A Record of Arms": "If you fist, it will be a matter of ordinary people in the market. It will not be used for military punishment, but only for the bare hands of the poor."

Therefore, the masters of martial arts in the past have used weapons and skills to convince people, instead of judging the superiority of martial arts. The Xingyi Quanjing also mentions: "Xingyi uses spears to create fists." This phenomenon is especially worse for the famous masters of the Bajiquan system. Therefore, if a martial artist wants to practice fist and use boxing, his body manipulation, training method and usage must be deeply influenced by the weapon he trains. In particular, the Bajiquan method is deeply influenced by the big spear, which can be said to be the spear creation.

Through the Spear, the best positioning of legs, body and hands can be found

In recent years, my senior brothers and I have re-trained the big Spear and confirmed that "simple, straight force" is the great method of martial arts training. The so-called "sinking of the dantian, sinking the shoulders and elbows, holding the chest and pulling the back", we are holding and piercing the Spear. , In the split Spear, it is a matter of course.

Therefore, if you practice martial arts from the Spear, you can find the best positioning of the leg strength, physical strength, and hand strength. When practicing martial arts, sticking, sticking, not losing, and not topping are the prerequisites to achieve "stick sticking". And the requirement of entering and seeing the flesh of the Spear.

The development of martial arts is based on marksmanship. For example, the "three-pointed photo" or "strength of silk" in martial arts comes from marksmanship.

There is a component of force in going straight: front piercing "holding file", drawing Spear "with loop"

In marksmanship, it is required to "go as an arrow and return as a thread." For Spear practitioners, it is easier to pierce the Spear quickly and accurately, but it is difficult to return the Spear to the thread.

However, Gong Li's marksmanship has a component of force in going straight. When he strikes forward, he "holds the file" and defends during offense. Master Liu recalled that Li Gongshuwen plunged the Spear into the wheat straw pile, and when it was pulled out, the whole bundle of straw stalks could be pulled out from it. When the two faced Spears, the Spears were often poached from the hands of the teacher.

So the Spear is not empty to return: if you want to return, you need to take a loop and a hook.

Use the Spear as the main hand, and the front hand as the auxiliary

In the use of the Spear, the precise operation of the Spear base is the foundation, so that the Spear head can be changed freely: after the Spear base is operated, the hand is the mainstay, and the yin and yang of the back hand change, stretching and bending are the root of the force change. The yin and yang changes with the black harrier or the white harrier in the front hand. So use the Spear as the main hand, and the front hand as the auxiliary.

The main force of piercing the Spear is to stabbing the strength. The stabbing strength requires the strength of the body and the strength of the shoulders and arms. The straight contains the "file", which requires quick and accurate, that is, the attacker of the Bajiquan. , You need to be fast and skillful. Those who are not qualified and have a long history of training cannot complete their work.

The seemingly ordinary "straight punch": the tiger climbs the mountain hard

Li Gong’s Baji Fist is especially regained, like a closed seal, with a loop and a hook. Among them, the trend of "a tiger climbing a mountain hard" is the most proud, showing "going like an arrow, returning like a thread", using the fist like a Spear , The front hand is retracted like a thread "with a loop", while the back hand is stabbed like an arrow to "hold a file". Both hands are like double Spears, one shot back, one shot out, defense is offense, offense is defense, offensive and defensive, and retractable.

Outsiders seem to have no special "straight punch"-the tiger's hard climbing trend, which can be said to be the best portrayal of Li Gong's combination of boxing and marksmanship.

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Bajiquan (Eight Cardinal Boxing) and Liuhe daqiang (Six Harmony Spear) - Journal of Chinese Martial Studies 01.2009 p46
2. ↑ International Baji Quan Festival 2016 : CCTV4 - YouTube Link
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 The "Military" Daqiang - Facebook.com, iDaqiang
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 The Specifications for a Military Daqiang - Facebook.com, iDaqiang
5. ↑ Lance - Bajimen
6. ↑ Da Qiang Length - GaoBagua.net
7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 More about the stiffness of Daqiang - Facebook.com, iDaQiang