Nations of the World

*For more information about the countries' heads of state and government, see this list: List of Heads of State and Governments.*
## The Great Powers

**Atlantis**
**(Zarexium)**

**British Empire**

**China**

**German Reich**

**Rome**

**United**
**Commonwealths**

### Atlantis (Zarexium)

Atlantis is a constituent state of the  Zarexian Confederation, encompassing that portion of the alien space empire that resides on Earth as well as Pluto. The Zarexians come mostly from the planet Nimetis. At the beginning of the 18th century, the aliens first found out about the existence of humans, they flew into our solar system in the middle of the same century and landed on earth in 1777. The main interests of Zarexium were trade and research. Since the demand for extraterrestrial products was increasing, a base on earth was soon necessary to bring the products from there to the people and vice versa. But since no one was willing to cede their own land to the Zarexians, they simply decided to build their own land in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean based on the Greek legend of the lost city of Atlantis. The megaproject lasted five decades, and the island was officially inaugurated in 1831.

Zarexium has not interfered in the geopolitics of mankind since its arrival, but when the British tried to control Atlantis during domestic political divisions of the Zarexians and the said political crisis led to a change of government, which was open to an expansion of the borders on Earth, the aliens decided to establish their first colonies on human territory, most notably  Ireland and the countries of the present day  Majapahit Confederation. Until the Zarexian Revolution, all territories under Zarexian rule on Earth were considered mere colonies. Only through the Zarexian Revolution did the island of Atlantis become an integral part of Zarexium for the first time. Since other territories on earth were still only considered colonies and thus financially disadvantaged, resentment increased in the recently conquered lands, so Zarexium was forced to grant most colonies independence. The most significant intervention made by Atlantia was the unification of the former colony of  Ireland with the  Kingdom of Great Britain as well as  Britanny into the  Anglo-Celtic Commonwealth. The latter, together with the  Majapahit Confederation, are the Zarexians' most important allies on Earth.

### British Empire

After WW1,  Britain's might had already waned but it definitely lost its status as a great power following WW2. After continuously fighting expensive oversea wars and promised billions of the Marshall Plan failed to materialize in late 1946, the economy nearly collapsed and it was only stabilized when  Germany and  Zarexium agreed to give out loans. From the late 40s onwards,  Britain failed to enforce their agenda and had to politically rely on  Germany, the world’s new superpower. The French Scare led to  Britain intervening in  France, a campaign that proved to be catastrophic. After three years of detrimental attrition warfare and an emerging moloch of foreign debt, radicalized soldiers returned to the island and demanded change. Pan-Celticism grew strong in  Scotland and  Wales and many Englishmen soon supported unionism. After the British Revolution, most royalists including the royal family left the country and found refuge in  Canada and  India. The British Question saw royalists allying with the dominions by endorsing the Empire Acts that unified  India and  Canada amongst others.

 India had remained a part of the  Empire following the disastrous Indian Civil War and a unique mixed culture between British exiles and Indians developed in big Indian cities like Delhi or Bombay. Delhi soon became the center of this new state and the royal family relocated to Shimla. Throughout the next two decades, the British Empire was an international pariah not recognized by any countries except its Commonwealth realms while nevertheless maintaining close ties with  Germany and its allies. The nationalist Hindu majority began to centralize power at the expense of Canadians and especially Pakistanis, prompting the Pakistani-Afghan War, Liberation War and the Indo-Pakistani War. To counter republicanism and secessionism, the Imperial Government revised the constitution in 1982 by recognizing Anglo-Celtic sovereignty over the British Isles, elevating  Canada to a kingdom and additionally restoring devolution. Today, the British Empire is a great power in its own right, recognized by all countries, member of the the ETO and promoter of British world policy, especially focussed on Africa.

### China

China is the world's most populous country and one of the largest as well. The nation is one of the oldest countries in the world and it has a continuous history since 4100 years. For most of its existence, China was a monarchy that experienced the rise and fall of a dozen of dynasties and golden ages like the  Han dynasty, which ruled from 202 BC to 220 AD. The monarchy was finally abolished in the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 after which  China became a republic under Yuan Shikai. Yuan Shikai's  Beiyang Government had secured its power over  China following a brief civil war against Sun Yat-sen, the founder of the Kuomintang. After Yuan Shikai had tried to reinstitute the monarchy by putting himself on the Dragon Throne as the Hongxian Emperor,  China fractured into several competing warlords. The Warlord Era only ended in 1928 when Chiang Kai-shek's Kuomintang reunified  China. Peace didn't last long as Mao Zedong's Chinese Communist Party started a civil war against the  Nanjing Government.

Both sides agreed to cease hostilities and create the Second United Front when  Japan, which had already conquered Manchuria in 1932, invaded  China in 1937, starting the Second Sino-Japanese War. The war became part of World War II and Western Allies like  Germany and the  United States supported  China against  Japan. The Allies were eventually successful but tensions between Chiang's government, now based in Chongqing, and the  US soon deteriorated. The Americans subsequently invaded the  Chongqing Government with the other Western Allies joining suit. The Second Chinese Civil War saw many factions, including secessionist warlords and ideologists but Western-backed Li Jishen's leftist Revolutionary Kuomintang eventually emerged as the internationally recognized government in Shanghai. After the decades of wars,  China entered a period of reconstruction and rapid economic growth. Soong Ching-ling, the widow of Sun Yat-sen, became the world's first non-hereditary female leader in 1959. Soong's well known for introducing the Ascended Dragon campaign that heavily modernized and christianized the nation. The Sino-Western split of 1961 led to  China becoming a separate great power and the country developed a multi-party democracy following the 1989 Richu Revolution.

### German Reich

 Germany was unified by  Prussia in 1871 and swiftly became a great power. Wilhelm II's delusions of grandeur provoked a family feud that culminated in the destructive World War I that left  Germany starved, defeated and humiliated, leading to the German Revolution that made the country a republic. Radicalism flourished and a presidential dictatorship was established to counter both fascists and communists. President Hugenberg became unpopular following pitiful policymaking and his decision to decline an alliance with  Britain in favor of one with the  Soviet Union. In early 1941, he was replaced by Otto of Habsburg, the former Austrian crown prince, who coalesced with a vast array of forces and eventually declared himself German Emperor, establishing the Kaiserdiktatur in the process. In World War II, Otto decided to join  Britain and  Italy against the Soviets and  Japan and the Allies were eventually successful.  Germany became a global superpower and the hegemon of Europe, while also spearheading the European integration by creating  Mitteleuropa and the  European Coal and Steel Community.

In 1959,  Germany transported the first man into space and later on the Moon, Mars and Venus. Emperor Otto's position weakened following continuous crises like the Yugoslavia Crisis, the Fall of France or the Foreign Workers Revolt. Operation Lion and the Revolutions of 68 sealed the fate of the Kaiserdiktatur and the democratic Frankfurt Republic was established. The German Autumn, Blood Knife Process and the ascent of  Italy as a superpower heated the Cold War and weakened Germany’s stand in the world, prompting Brandt and Schmidt to reevaluate the Ostpolitik. In the 80s, a new government implemented eurasianism and a hardline stance against fascism, while Germany recovered economically and politically, ushering a period known as the German Spring. The Cold War ended following the Roman Wars with Germany strictly enforcing Wandel durch Annäherung. This policy and Weltpolitik antagonized Meleist  Rome from 2008 onwards, entangling Germany in the War on Fascism.  Austria joined the Reich in 1994, while  Denmark reunited with the country after the Scania War. Today, Germany's combatting a renewed Space Race while being in a precarious situation, with many believing that a new cold war is right on the horizon.

### Rome

 Italy was unified by  Sardinia-Piedmont in 1861 and expanded locally and overseas to become a great power after World War I. Despite being victorious in the war, the Italians developed radical irredentism because of what they called the mutilated victory. In 1922, Benito Mussolini took power and  Italy gradually transformed into a totalitarian fascist state. Mussolini was removed from power following the Abyssinia Crisis and Italo Balbo strengthened the country by combatting the four economic battles, allying  Britain and acquiring  Austria as a puppet in the Habsburg Incident.  Italy invaded the Balkans in 1940 and attacked the  Soviet Union in support of  Britain. In World War II,  Italy and its allies were eventually successful and the kingdom expanded its sphere of influence beyond the Adriatic Sea.  Italy and  Germany gradually developed a rivalry in the postwar period, accelerated by the 2nd Chinese Civil War, the Suez Crisis and especially the Fall of France. In the Cold War,  Italy led the fascist ANFC faction against the German-led Democrats.

The death of Balbo provoked King Umberto II to exert emergency powers, making  Italy a royal dictatorship that was gradually ruled by a shadow council. The Years of Lead ended following Umberto II's death and the 3rd Great Latin Congress united all European Latin countries into one federation called Rome. Previously,  Italy had made the other Romance countries dependent on them, for example when Francisco Franco died, Umberto II declared himself king and caudillo. Weak governance, Roman slump economic downfall and the Roman Exodus encouraged secessionism and republicanism, leading to the Roman Wars. It was only after years of civil strife, including the Long Year, that the Republican Movement transformed  Rome into a pseudo-republican military dictatorship known as the Consulate. It was only in the 2008 Roman Revolution that democracy returned to the territories of  Rome when Carlo Mele became supreme senator and implemented Roman socialism including the Five Principles of the Roman People, commonly referred to as Meleism. Today,  Rome’s combatting a renewed Space Race while being in a kind of cold war against  Germany because of opposing views and interests.

### United Commonwealths

The United Commonwealths has the largest economy in the world and it's also the world's third most populous country, exceeding 468 million. America also has the longest continuous democracy with 234 years. The  United States of America declared its independence in 1776 and the Revolutionary War was eventually successful in 1783, becoming one of the first true democracies. Division over slavery led to the secession of the  Confederate States which fought the  Union during the Civil War. With the  Union's victory and preservation, slavery was abolished nationally, however many Southern states soon introduced Jim Crow laws, creating a racist segregated society. Initially regarded as a backwater nation by the Europeans, the  US slowly became a great power. The nation emerged as the world’s foremost power after WW1 as all European great powers were indebted to them. The Great Depression hit the country severely, leading to the splintering of parties, accelerated by  Germany and  France not repaying war debts and Huey Long's presidential campaign.

Roosevelt's Democrats collaborated with the Republicans to oppose radical parties which was unpopular and hindered the US' war efforts following the Japanese invasion. After FDR was assassinated, Long became president, entering WW2 and eventually defeating  Japan in 1946. His leftist Share Our Wealth program was deemed unconstitutional and SCAPP MacArthur deposed him and erected a military junta that soon controversially invaded  China. The Great Struggle only ended when Long marched on Washington and deposed MacArthur. In 1947, Long reformed the enlarged  US into the isolationist United Commonwealths and ruled until 1955 when he was killed by the  KKK. His white supremacist successor Smith heavily antagonized the Afro-American population, leading to civil war-like conditions, including the formation of secessionist  New Afrika. Liberal John F. Kennedy became president in 1962 and his New Frontier ended racial segregation. President Tanner introduced neoliberal reforms but regardless, AFUP dominance was broken in 1990 when Ralph Nader of the Greens secured power. Since then, the UC has reverted back to AFUP rule but the party's now more conservative and economically liberal.