Ancient City

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This article is about the generated structure. For the upcoming novel, see Minecraft: Journey to the Ancient City.

## Consists of

An **ancient city** is a palatial structure found in deep dark biomes at layer -51, harboring chests containing some items that cannot be found anywhere else.

## Structure

### Environment aesthetics

An ancient city features a very large palace with a footprint of around 220 blocks on each horizontal axis, stretching throughout a deep dark biome. The floor of the city always generates at the Y level of -51. The palace is made up of long corridors with 2-block-deep layers of gray wool on the floor, and some rugs made of blue, light blue and cyan wool or carpet floors to prevent vibrations, as well as some smaller ruins off to the side of the main corridors, which contain either one or two loot chests. The city has statues and the center features a frame resembling a warden's head, where there are reinforced deepslate blocks, which is an unobtainable material in Survival mode. Other unique blocks such as soul lanterns and candles as well as different forms of deepslate and sculk can be found here. Sculk shriekers generate much more frequently in ancient cities than in the normal deep dark biome.

Some structures resemble elements of the game. The city center bears a resemblance to early iterations of the warden's design, and other structures resemble pillager outposts and woodland mansion rooms.

#### Overall view

The following three renders are the same instance of ancient city.

* The view from the direction of the entrance.
* Another direction.
* The vertical view. The entrance is in the lower part of this picture.

#### Redstone circuits

Underneath the frame at the city center lies a series of hidden basements with naturally generating redstone circuitry.

The secret entrance is located at the base of the structure, underneath the wooden bridge between the city center and the wall. There's a piston door that is controlled by a sculk sensor in the redstone circuits in the basement.

* Basement of `city_center_1`.
* Basement of `city_center_2`.
* Furnace in the basement of `city_center_2`.
* Basement of `city_center_3`.
* Piston door circuit in the basement of `city_center_3`.

For `city_center_1`, there is a chiseled deepslate block in front of the frame. Making a vibration around it can activate the sculk sensor and then open the piston door. There's also a pulse extender between the sculk sensor and piston door, which makes the piston door close 180 game ticks after the sculk sensor is deactivated.

The circuit in `city_center_2` is similar to the former, but with a signal strength filter. Only vibrations with a frequency equal to 8 (mob interactions, projectile hits, eating, entity damage) can activate the piston door. Creating these vibrations on the path in the front of the frame in the city center activates the door.

For `city_center_3`, making a vibration on the path in front of the frame on the city center can activate the sculk sensor. Additionally, there's a T flip-flop between the sculk sensor and piston door. After the sculk sensor is activated, the piston door remains open until the sculk sensor is activated again.

There are three basic redstone circuits in the basement:

* Circuit of the target block.
* Circuit of lectern block.
* Circuit to show that some blocks can transfer a signal with a repeater while some cannot.

### File structure

All ancient city structures found below are located in the folder `client.jar/data/minecraft/structures/ancient\_city`‌[*JE only*], `data/structures/ancient\_city`‌[*BE only*].

* ancient\_city
	+ city
		- entrance
			* entrance\_connector.nbt
			* entrance\_path\_1.nbt
			* entrance\_path\_2.nbt
			* entrance\_path\_3.nbt
			* entrance\_path\_4.nbt
			* entrance\_path\_5.nbt
	+ city\_center
		- city\_center\_1.nbt
		- city\_center\_2.nbt
		- city\_center\_3.nbt
		- walls
			* bottom\_1.nbt
			* bottom\_2.nbt
			* bottom\_left\_corner.nbt
			* bottom\_right\_corner.nbt
			* bottom\_right\_corner\_1.nbt
			* bottom\_right\_corner\_2.nbt
			* left.nbt
			* right.nbt
			* top\_left\_corner.nbt
			* top\_right\_corner.nbt
			* top.nbt
	+ structures
		- barracks.nbt
		- camp\_1.nbt
		- camp\_2.nbt
		- camp\_3.nbt
		- chamber\_1.nbt
		- chamber\_2.nbt
		- chamber\_3.nbt
		- ice\_box\_1.nbt
		- large\_pillar\_1.nbt
		- large\_ruin\_1.nbt
		- medium\_pillar\_1.nbt
		- medium\_ruin\_1.nbt
		- medium\_ruin\_2.nbt
		- sauna\_1.nbt
		- small\_ruin\_1.nbt
		- small\_ruin\_2.nbt
		- small\_statue.nbt
		- tall\_ruin\_1.nbt
		- tall\_ruin\_2.nbt
		- tall\_ruin\_3.nbt
		- tall\_ruin\_4.nbt
	+ walls
		- intact\_corner\_wall\_1.nbt
		- intact\_horizontal\_wall\_1.nbt
		- intact\_horizontal\_wall\_2.nbt
		- intact\_horizontal\_wall\_bridge.nbt
		- intact\_horizontal\_wall\_passage\_1.nbt
		- intact\_horizontal\_wall\_stairs\_1.nbt
		- intact\_horizontal\_wall\_stairs\_2.nbt
		- intact\_horizontal\_wall\_stairs\_3.nbt
		- intact\_horizontal\_wall\_stairs\_4.nbt
		- intact\_intersection\_wall\_1.nbt
		- intact\_lshape\_wall\_1.nbt
		- ruined\_corner\_wall\_1.nbt
		- ruined\_corner\_wall\_2.nbt
		- ruined\_horizontal\_wall\_stairs\_1.nbt
		- ruined\_horizontal\_wall\_stairs\_2.nbt
		- ruined\_horizontal\_wall\_stairs\_3.nbt
		- ruined\_horizontal\_wall\_stairs\_4.nbt

### Blocks

* Deepslate
* Cobbled Deepslate
* Polished Deepslate
* Deepslate Bricks
* Deepslate Tiles
* Chiseled Deepslate
* Cracked Deepslate Bricks
* Cracked Deepslate Tiles
* Cobbled Deepslate Slab
* Cobbled Deepslate Stairs
* Cobbled Deepslate Wall
* Polished Deepslate Slab
* Polished Deepslate Stairs
* Polished Deepslate Wall
* Deepslate Brick Slab
* Deepslate Brick Stairs
* Deepslate Brick Wall
* Deepslate Tile Slab
* Deepslate Tile Stairs
* Deepslate Tile Wall
* Gray Wool
* Polished Basalt
* Smooth Basalt
* Dark Oak Log
* Dark Oak Planks
* Dark Oak Fence
* Ladder
* Candle
* Soul Lantern
* Torch
* Chest
 Blocks unique to some structures
* Reinforced Deepslate
* Sculk Sensor
* Redstone Lamp
* Soul Fire
* Soul Sand
* Redstone Dust
* Redstone Comparator
* Redstone Repeater
* Redstone Torch
* Redstone Wall Torch
* Block of Redstone
* Lectern
* Target
* Furnace
* Lever
* Sticky Piston
* Piston Head
* Gray Carpet
* Glass
* Glass Pane
* Dirt
* Grass Block
* Blue Wool
* Cyan Wool
* Light Blue Wool
* Campfire
* Iron Trapdoor
* Ice
* Packed Ice
* Blue Ice
* Snow
* Note Block
* Stone Pressure Plate
* Skeleton Skull
* White Candle
* Water
* Blue Carpet
* Cyan Carpet
* Light Blue Carpet

## Loot

See also: Chest loot

The loot in the chests includes several useful items for exploring the ancient city, such as snowballs and the Swift Sneak enchantment, as well as items that can't be found anywhere else, such as echo shards.

In *Java Edition*, each ancient city chest contains items drawn from 2 pools, with the following distribution:

In Java Edition 1.20.2, each ancient city chest contains items drawn from 2 pools, with the following distribution:

In *Bedrock Edition*, each ancient city chest contains items drawn from 2 pools, with the following distribution:

1. ↑ a b c The size of stacks (or for unstackable items, number) of this item on any given roll.
2. ↑ a b c The weight of this item relative to other items in the pool.
3. ↑ a b c The odds of finding any of this item in a single chest.
4. ↑ a b c The number of items expected per chest, averaged over a large number of chests.
5. ↑ a b c The average number of chests the player should expect to search to find any of this item.
6. ↑ a b c 'Nothing' does not refer to the chance of an empty chest. Instead, it refers to the chance that the random loot generator does not add any loot *on a single roll*.
7. ↑ a b c All enchantments are equally probable, *including* treasure enchantments (except Soul Speed, and Swift Sneak), and any level of the enchantment is equally probable.
8. ↑ a b c Enchanted with a random level of Swift Sneak.
9. ↑ a b c Enchantment probabilities are the same as a level-20 to level-39 enchantment would be on an enchantment table that had no cap at level 30, and that was able to apply treasure enchantments (except Soul Speed, and Swift Sneak), and where the chance of multiple enchantments is not reduced.
10. ↑ a b c d e f Enchantment probabilities are the same as a level-30 to level-50 enchantment would be on an enchantment table that had no cap at level 30, and that was able to apply treasure enchantments (except Soul Speed, and Swift Sneak), and where the chance of multiple enchantments is not reduced.
11. ↑ a b c The item has between 80% and 100% of its total durability.
12. ↑ Enchanted with Mending.

In *Java Edition*, each ancient city ice box chest contains 4–10 item stacks, with the following distribution:

In *Bedrock Edition*, each ancient city ice box chest contains 4–10 item stacks, with the following distribution:

1. ↑ a b The size of stacks (or for unstackable items, number) of this item on any given roll.
2. ↑ a b The weight of this item relative to other items in the pool.
3. ↑ a b The odds of finding any of this item in a single chest.
4. ↑ a b The number of items expected per chest, averaged over a large number of chests.
5. ↑ a b The average number of chests the player should expect to search to find any of this item.
6. ↑ a b The stew grants one of the following effects: 5-7 seconds of Blindness, or 7-10 seconds of Night Vision.

## History

```
{{Extension DPL}}<ul><li>[[:Category:Food|Category:Food]]<br/>

[[Category:Items]]

[[cs:Kategorie:Potraviny]]
[[fr:Catégorie:Nourriture]]
[[hu:Kategória:Ételek]]
[[zh:Category:食物]]</li><li>[[Redstone Comparator|Redstone Comparator]]<br/>{{Block
}}
{{Many images}}
A '''redstone comparator''' is a [[block]] that can produce an [[Redstone Dust|output signal]] from its front by reading [[chest]]s, [[lectern]]s, [[beehive]]s and similar blocks, or repeat a signal without changing its strength. It can also be set to either stop outputting a signal when its side input recieves a stronger one (front torch off), or subtract its side input's signal strength from its output (front torch on).

== Obtaining ==
=== Natural generation ===
Redstone comparators generate in [[Ancient City|ancient cities]].

=== Breaking ===
A redstone comparator can be broken instantly with any [[tool]], or by hand, and drops itself as an item.

{{Breaking row|Redstone Comparator|horizontal=y}}

A redstone comparator is removed and dropped as an item if:
* its attachment block is moved, removed, or destroyed;
* [[water]] flows into its space;{{only|java}}
* a [[piston]] tries to push it or moves a block into its space.

If [[lava]] flows into a redstone comparator's space, the redstone comparator is destroyed without dropping as an item.

=== Crafting ===
{{Crafting
}}

== Usage ==
A redstone comparator can be placed on the top of any [[opaque]] block with a solid full-height top surface (including upside-down [[slab]]s and upside-down [[stairs]]). {{IN|be}}, a comparator can also be placed on [[wall]]s and fences. For more information about placement on transparent blocks, see [[Opacity/Placement]].

The redstone comparator has a front and a back — the arrow on the top of the comparator points to the front. When placed, the comparator faces away from the player. The comparator has two miniature redstone torches at the back and one at the front. The back torches turn on when the comparator's output is greater than zero (the arrow on top also turns red). The front torch has two states that can be toggled by {{control|using}} the comparator:
* Down and unpowered (indicating the comparator is in "comparison mode")
* Up and powered (indicating the comparator is in "subtraction mode")

The redstone comparator can take a signal strength input from its rear as well as from both sides. Side inputs are accepted only from [[redstone dust]], [[block of redstone]], [[redstone repeater]]s, other comparators, and [[observer]]s in specific scenarios. The redstone comparator's front is its output.

It takes 1 [[redstone tick]] (2 game ticks, or 0.1 seconds barring lag) for signals to move through a redstone comparator, either from the rear or from the sides. This applies to changing signal strengths as well as simply to turning on and off.

Redstone comparators check their power state before their scheduled ticks update. This results in redstone comparators not usually responding to 1-tick fluctuations of power or signal strength — for example, a [[clock circuit|1-clock]] input is treated as always off from the side, and always on from the rear. This happens because the signal changes back to its original state before the redstone comparator checks its input states. However, certain setups such as powering any input with two separate observer pulses at the same time will cause a redstone comparator to respond to 2 gametick pulses.

The redstone comparator has four functions: maintain signal strength, compare signal strength, subtract signal strength, and measure certain block states (primarily the fullness of containers).

=== Maintain signal strength ===
A redstone comparator with no powered sides outputs the same signal strength as its rear input.

=== Compare signal strength ===
[[File:Comparators Explained.png|Comparators in comparison mode.|thumb]]
A redstone comparator in comparison mode (front torch down and unpowered) compares its rear input to its two side inputs. If either side input is greater than the rear input, the comparator output turns off. If neither side input is greater than the rear input, the comparator outputs the same signal strength as its rear input.

The formula for calculating the output signal strength is as follows:

<code>output = rear × [[Wikipedia:Iverson bracket|[]]'''''left''''' ≤ '''''rear''''' AND '''''right''''' ≤ '''''rear'''''[[Wikipedia:Iverson bracket|<nowiki>]]]</code>
{{-}}

=== Subtract signal strength ===
[[File:Redstone comparator.png|thumb|The greatest of the side inputs A and C is subtracted from the rear input B, outputting 1. If either A or C were greater than B, it would output 0.]]
A redstone comparator in subtraction mode (front torch up and powered) subtracts the signal strength of the higher side input from the signal strength of the rear input.

<code>output = max('''''rear''''' − max('''''left''', '''right'''''), 0)</code>

For example: if the signal strength is 6 at the left input, 7 at the right input and 4 at the rear, the output signal has a strength of ''max(4 − max(6, 7), 0) = max(4−7, 0) = max(−3, 0) = 0''.

If the signal strength is 9 at the rear, 2 at the right input and 5 at the left input, the output signal has a strength of ''max(9 − max(2, 5), 0) = max(9−5, 0) = 4''.

=== Measure block state ===
{{Schematic | caption = A redstone comparator can measure the fullness of a chest, as well as other block states, even through an opaque block.
}}
A redstone comparator treats certain blocks behind it as power sources and outputs a signal strength proportional to the block's state. The comparator may be separated from the measured block by an opaque block. However, {{in|je}}, if the opaque block is powered to signal strength 15, then the comparator outputs 15 no matter the fullness of the container.<ref>{{bug|MC-64394}} (resolved as "Works As Intended")</ref>
[[Category:Java Edition specific information]]
{{-}}

==== Fullness of containers ====
{| class="wikitable floatright" style="margin-left: 0.5em; margin-right: 0; text-align: center;"
!Containers
]]
!{{BlockSprite|Jukebox|link=Jukebox}}
!Total Slots
!3!!5!!9!!27!!54!!1
!Power Level
! colspan="5" |Number of Items
!Music Disc
A redstone comparator can output a signal indicating how full a container is. (0 for empty, 15 for full, etc.) The table on the right is described more in detail, later in this section.

Containers that can be measured by a comparator include:
* {{BlockLink|Furnace}}
* {{BlockLink|Blast Furnace}}
* {{BlockLink|Smoker}}
* {{BlockLink|Brewing Stand}}
* {{BlockLink|Hopper}}
* {{ItemLink|Minecart with Hopper}} on top of a [[detector rail]]
* {{BlockLink|Dispenser}}
* {{BlockLink|Dropper}}
* {{BlockLink|Chest}}
* {{BlockLink|Trapped Chest}}
* {{ItemLink|Minecart with Chest}} on top of a [[detector rail]]
* {{BlockLink|Barrel}}
* {{BlockLink|Shulker Box}} (any color)

Generally speaking, the comparator output signal strength represents the average fullness of the slots, based on how many of that item form a full stack (64, 16, or 1 for non-stackable items).

The ''Minimum Items for Container Signal Strength'' table (right) shows the minimum '''''full-stack-equivalent (FSE)''''' to produce different signal strengths from common containers. A '''''full-stack-equivalent''''' quantifies how many normal 64-stackable items are needed to output a corresponding signal strength. The 's' is a constant 64, with the additional amount needed following after.

One may also consider the terms: '''c''umulative-weight''''' or '''''weighted-sum''''' instead of '''''full-stack-equivalent'''''.

Items that stack to a max of 16  ([[snowball]]s, [[sign]]s, [[ender pearl]]s, etc.), contribute +4 to the ''full-stack-equivalent'' for each unity (count of 1 item). Similarly, items that stack to 1 ([[minecart]], [[boat]], etc.) contribute +64, and items that stack to 64 contribute +1.

Example 1: 3 ender pearls will contribute a 3 x 4 = 12 ''full-stack-equivalent''.

Example 2: 16 ender pearls and 60 redstone dust contributes a 16x4 + 60x1 = 124 ''full-stack-equivalent''.

Example 3: 1 minecart and 60 redstone dust contributes a 1x64 + 60x1 = 124 ''full-stack-equivalent''.

Example 4: To produce a signal strength of 10 from a hopper, one requires a ''full-stack-equivalent'' of at least 3s + 14 = 206 but strictly less than than 3s + 37 = 229. This can be done with 3 minecarts, and 14 dirt.

When a comparator measures a large chest or large trapped chest, it measures the entire large chest (54 slots), not just the half directly behind the comparator. A chest or trapped chest that cannot be opened (either because it has an opaque block, [[ocelot]], or [[cat]] above it) always produces an output of 0 no matter how many items are in the container — shulker boxes can always be measured, even if they cannot open.

;Calculating signal strength from items

:When a container is empty, the output is off.

:When it is not empty, the output signal strength is calculated as follows:

:<code>'''''signal strength''''' = floor(1 + (('''''sum of all slots' fullnesses''''') / ('''''number of slots in container''''')) × 14)</code>

:<code>fullness of a slot = '''''number of items in slot''''' / '''''max stack size for this type of item'''''</code>

:''Example:'' 300 blocks in a dispenser (which has 9 slots), where each block stacks to a maximum of 64 has a 300 ''full-stack-equivalent.'' This produces an output with a signal strength of 8:
<blockquote>
1 + ((300 items / 64 items per slot) / 9 slots) × 14 = 8.292, floored is 8
</blockquote>

;Calculating items from signal strength

:It can be useful in redstone circuits to use containers with comparators to create signals of a specific strength. The number of items required in a container to produce a signal of desired strength is calculated as follows:

:<code>items required = max('''''desired signal strength''''', roundup(('''''total slots in container''''' × 64 / 14) × (desired signal strength − 1)))</code>

:''Example:'' To use a furnace (which has 3 slots) to create a strength 9 signal, players need 110 items:
<blockquote>
max(9, (3×64/14) × (9−1)) = 109.714, rounded up is 110
</blockquote>
{{-}}

==== Miscellaneous ====
[[File:Comparator storage.png|Comparators used to measure containers.|thumb]]
Some non-container blocks can also be measured by a redstone comparator:

;{{BlockLink|Beehive}} and {{BlockLink|Bee nest}}

: A hive or nest outputs a signal strength equal to the amount of honey in the hive/nest.

;{{BlockLink|Cake}}

: A cake outputs a signal strength relative to the amount of cake remaining.  Each slice is worth 2 signal strength, with 7 total slices, for an output of 14 for a full cake.

[[File:Cauldron Redstone Strength Values.png|Cauldron signal strength|thumb]]
;{{BlockLink|Cauldron}}

: A cauldron outputs different signal strengths depending on how much water or powdered snow is inside. From completely empty to completely full, the output values are 0, 1, 2, and 3. If lava or powder snow is inside, the strength is always 3.

[[File:Composter Redstone Strength Values.png|Composter signal strength|thumb]]
;{{BlockLink|Composter}}

: A composter outputs different signal strengths depending on the level inside. From completely empty to completely full, the output values are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.

;{{Anchor|CommandBlock}}{{BlockLink|Command Block}}

: A command block stores the "success count" of the last command executed, which represents the number of times the most recently used command of this command block succeeded. A "success" is defined by the [[command]]'s success conditions: if a red error message is returned in the chat, the command was not successful.

: Most commands can succeed once per execution, but certain commands (such as those that accept players as arguments) can succeed multiple times, and the comparator outputs the number of times it succeeded (maximum 15 when sent to redstone dust, but in the code it is able to go up to the 32-bit integer limit, and can be used in contraptions with no redstone dust with those values).

: A command block continues to store the success count of the last command executed until it executes its command again, thus the comparator continues to output the same signal strength even after the command block is no longer being activated (it doesn't turn off when the signal to the command block turns off).

;{{BlockLink|End Portal Frame}}

: An end portal frame outputs a full signal of 15 if it contains an [[eye of ender]] and zero otherwise.

[[File:Item frame and comparator.png|A comparator can measure the presence and rotation of an item frame's contents.|thumb]]

;{{EntityLink|Item Frame}}

: A comparator can measure the state of an [[item frame]]'s contents. An item frame comparator outputs 0 if the item frame is empty, or 1 to 8 for any item depending on its rotation: 1 at initial placement, plus 1 for each 45° of rotation for a maximum of 8.

: For an item frame that holds a map, a unit of rotation is 90° instead of 45°, but a comparator still outputs power levels 1 to 8. It takes two full rotations to cycle through all comparator outputs, and each orientation of the map corresponds to two output levels that differ by 4.

: The comparator must be placed behind the block the item frame is attached to, facing away from the item frame. The block must be a full block, and the item frame cannot be submerged in water. Having a sign in the same block as the item frame will prevent the frame from sending a signal as well.{{only|java}}

;{{BlockLink|Jukebox}}

: A jukebox outputs a signal strength indicating which music disc is currently playing. See the ''Minimum Items for Container Signal Strength'' table above.

;{{BlockLink|Lectern}}

: A lectern outputs a signal strength that depends on what page the player is currently on. The calculation used is:
:<code>'''''signal strength''''' = floor(1 + (('''''current page''''' - 1) / ('''''number of pages in book''''' - 1)) × 14)</code>
:This results in page 1 having a signal strength of 1, and the last page having a signal strength of 15. The exception is a single page book, which will output a signal strength of 15.
:For example, a book with 15 pages will output a signal equal to the current page number.  A book with 5 pages will output signal strengths of 1, 4, 8, 11 and 15 for the different pages. A book with 100 pages will have the signal strength increase to the next level on pages 1, 9, 16, 23, 30, 37, 44, 51, 58, 65, 72, 79, 86, 93 and 100.
:

;{{BlockLink|Respawn Anchor}}

: A respawn anchor outputs a signal strength of 0, 3, 7, 11, or 15, depending on the "charged" value.

;{{BlockLink|Sculk Sensor}}

: A sculk sensor outputs a signal strength depending on the type of vibration that is detected.

;{{BlockLink|Chiseled Bookshelf}}

: A chisled bookshelf outputs a signal strength between 1 and 6 indicating the last slot interacted with. When no slot has been interacted with yet, it outputs 0.
{{-}}

== Sounds ==
=== Generic ===
{{Edition|Java}}:
{{Sound table/Block/Stone/JE}}
{{Edition|Bedrock}}:
{{Sound table/Block/Wood/BE}}

=== Unique ===
{{edition|java}}:
{{Sound table
{{Sound table

{{edition|bedrock}}:
{{Sound table
{{Sound table

== Data values ==
=== ID ===
{{edition|java}}:
{{ID table
{{ID table

{{edition|bedrock}}:
{{ID table
{{ID table
{{ID table
{{ID table

=== Block states ===
{{see also|Block states}}
{{/BS}}

=== Block data ===
A redstone comparator has a block entity associated with it that holds additional data about the block.

{{el|je}}:
{{see also|Block entity format}}
{{/BE}}

{{el|be}}:
: See [[Bedrock Edition level format/Block entity format]].

== Advancements ==
{{Load advancements|the power of books}}

== Video ==

<div style="text-align:center">{{yt|J7Z20Zzz3yU}}</div>

== History ==
{{info needed section|If {{bug|MC-50242}} also affected comparators?}}
''For a more in-depth breakdown of changes to repeater textures and models, including a set of renders for each state combination, see [[/Asset history]]''
{{History|java}}
At this point, block ID 149 was used for unpowered comparators, and block ID 150 for powered comparators.}}
{{{!}} class{{=}}"wikitable collapsible collapsed" data-description{{=}}"Original values"
! Original values
{{!}}-
{{!}}
*0: 0
*1: 1
*2: 19
*3: 37
*4: 55
*5: 1s 10
*6: 1s 28
*7: 1s 46
*8: 2s
*9: 2s 19
*10: 2s 37
*11: 2s 55
*12: 3s 10
*13: 3s 28
*14: 3s 46
*15: 4s
{{!}}}
}}

{{History|pocket alpha}}
{{History|pocket}}
{{History|bedrock}}

{{History|console}}

{{History|3ds}}
{{History|foot}}

=== Redstone comparator "items" ===
{{:Technical blocks/Redstone Comparator}}

== Issues ==
{{issue list}}

== Trivia ==

== Gallery ==
<gallery>
Dinnerbone Comparator 1.png|Dinnerbone showing how comparators work.
Dinnerbone Comparator 2.png|Dinnerbone showing how comparators work.
Dinnerbone Comparator 3.png|Dinnerbone showing how comparators work.
Dinnerbone Comparators 1.png|A contraption incorporating comparators.
Dinnerbone Comparators 2.png|Comparators in action.
Dinnerbone Comparators 3.png|Output specific signals.
Dinnerbone Comparator Thing.png|Another comparator in use.
Item Frame Comparator.png|Rotating the torch in the item frame adjusts the comparator's output.
</gallery>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Redstone}}
{{Blocks|Utility}}
{{Items}}

[[Category:Mechanics]]
[[Category:Block entities]]
[[Category:Redstone mechanics]]
[[Category:Mechanisms]]
[[Category:Manufactured blocks]]
[[Category:Non-solid blocks]]

[[de:Redstone-Komparator]]
[[es:Comparador de redstone]]
[[fr:Comparateur de redstone]]
[[hu:Redstone-komparátor]]
[[ja:レッドストーンコンパレーター]]
[[ko:레드스톤 비교기]]
[[nl:Redstonevergelijker]]
[[pl:Komparator]]
[[pt:Comparador de redstone]]
[[ru:Компаратор]]
[[uk:Редстоуновий компаратор]]
[[zh:红石比较器]]</li></ul></nowiki>
```
 Removed the following structures (and variants thereof) as they were duplicates of other structures:
* `small_portal_statue`
* `intact_horizontal_wall_stairs_upward`
* `top_piece`
```
{{Extension DPL}}<ul><li>[[Debug fourj item|Debug fourj item]]<br/>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<samp>debug_fourj_item</samp>}}
}}
<samp>'''debug_fourj_item'''</samp> is an unobtainable item exclusive to the [[Legacy Console Edition]] and can only be obtained through modding the game. It has the texture of a [[barrier]], no "What's this?" hint and no display name.

==Obtaining==
The only way to obtain this item is via inventory editors and other external tools.

==Usage==
The purpose of this item is unknown, and it cannot be placed. Although the ID<ref name="r">[https://youtu.be/IscH0rUw_20 "マインクラフト WiiU 全面の木、偽バリアブロックのアイテムID公開"] - YouTube, March 26, 2019</ref> suggests that it was used for debugging and testing purposes.

==Data values==
===ID===
{{ID table|displayname=[No displayed name]
<references group="note" />

==History==
{{History|console}}
{{History|foot}}

== Gallery ==
<gallery>
Debug fourj item in inventory.png|<samp>debug_fourj_item</samp> as it appears in one's inventory
</gallery>

==See also==

*[[Debug Stick]]

==References==
<references />

{{Items}}
{{Unused features}}
{{Item
}}
{{Many images}}
A '''spawn egg'''<ref group=fn>Known as '''''<Mob>'' Spawn Egg''' {{in|java}} and '''Spawn ''<Mob>''''' {{in|bedrock}}, where ''<Mob>'' is the name of the mob it spawns.</ref> is an [[item]] used to spawn [[mobs]] directly.

== Obtaining ==
Spawn eggs can be obtained only in [[Creative]] mode or using [[commands]]. In Creative mode, the [[player]] can press {{control|pick block}} on an existing mob to obtain their respective egg. Spawn eggs are also available in the Creative inventory. There are 77 spawn eggs {{in|bedrock}} and 75 spawn eggs {{in|java}}.

== Usage ==

A spawn egg is used by pressing {{control|use}} on any surface (top, bottom, or side) with the egg. When used on a top surface, the egg's [[mob]] appears with its feet immediately adjacent to the surface, and its ambient sound is played.

Spawn eggs are not thrown (unlike normal [[egg]]s); the player must be within normal range of the block to use the spawn egg. Ocelot and all monster mobs (except [[shulker]]s, [[piglin]]s, [[hoglin]]s; and in Bedrock Edition, also include [[vindicators]], [[evoker]]s, [[zoglin]]s, [[piglin brute]]s) spawned while on Peaceful difficulty get created and immediately deleted from the world.

The surfaces of blocks are prioritized for spawning; if none are within reach, mobs can also be spawned in [[water]].

=== Dispensers ===
A spawn egg fired from a [[dispenser]] spawns the [[mob]] directly in front of the dispenser. The spawn egg is consumed when fired.

=== Baby mobs ===
If the [[player]] {{control|uses}} a spawn egg on the type of [[mob]] it spawns, and that mob has a baby form, the egg spawns a baby version of the mob. In mobs that can breed, the baby is created by breeding the clicked mob to itself. For instance, using a sheep spawn egg on a [[sheep]] makes a baby sheep with the same wool color.{{only|java}}

Other mobs such as [[evoker]]s, [[vindicator]]s, [[vex]]es, [[piglin brute]]s, [[ravager]]s, [[phantom]]s, [[skeleton]]s, [[pillager]]s, [[creeper]]s and [[wither skeleton]]s do not have a baby variant, so the egg still spawns an adult.

=== Monster spawners ===
All spawn eggs can also be {{Control|used}} on a [[monster spawner]] to change the [[mob]] the monster spawner spawns. {{IN|bedrock}}, spawn eggs for any of the fish mobs spawn them only if the monster spawner is waterlogged.

=== Renaming ===
A spawn egg can be renamed on an [[anvil]], and when used it spawns a [[mob]] with that name appearing over its head. The name can be seen only by aiming at the mob from four or fewer blocks away. This name also appears in [[death messages]] from the mob killing a [[player]]. If the player renames a spawn egg by the names described below, the mob appears described below. If the player renames a [[rabbit]] spawn egg "Toast", the secret skin of the rabbit appears when the egg is used. Naming a spawn egg "Dinnerbone" or "Grumm" causes the mob to appear upside down and show the given name above it. Renaming a [[vindicator]] "Johnny" causes it to act hostile to all mobs except for other illagers. Renaming a [[sheep]] "jeb_" makes the sheep's wool color cycle in a rainbow loop. This doesn't change the color of the wool the sheep drops. Renaming a spawn egg of a [[Hostile mob|hostile mob]] with an [[anvil]] and then spawning the hostile mob with the renamed spawn egg does not prevent the hostile mob from despawning, unlike using a [[Name Tag|name tag]] on the mob.

=== Survival mode ===
Mobs can be spawned with spawn eggs in [[Survival]] mode, but spawn eggs are [[Content inaccessible in Survival|not obtainable in Survival]] without cheats; they can be obtained only using the Creative menu or commands. Unlike in creative, spawn eggs are consumed when used in survival.

== List of spawn eggs ==
There is a spawn egg for almost every mob in the game; exceptions are listed below this table.
{| class="wikitable" data-description="Spawn eggs and availability"
! Egg
! Spawns
! Notes
! colspan="4"| Hostile and neutral mobs
{{IN|bedrock}}, they never spawn with equipment.
!colspan="4"| Passive mobs

=== Mobs without spawn eggs ===
The following mobs do not have explicitly defined spawn eggs. Custom spawn eggs can be created with a custom NBT tag that changes the spawned entity, however no spawn egg explicitly associated with any of the mobs exist.

{| class="wikitable" data-description="spawn eggs and availability"
! Mob
! Reason
! colspan="2" | Variants
! {{EntityLink|Brown Mooshroom}}
! colspan="2" | Other mobs
! {{EntityLink|Giant}}
! {{EntityLink|Illusioner}}

=== Education Edition spawn eggs ===
These spawn eggs exist {{in|education}} and {{in|bedrock}}:
* {{InvSprite|Spawn Agent}} {{EntityLink|Agent}}
* {{InvSprite|Spawn NPC}} {{EntityLink|NPC}}

The NPC and agent can both be spawned {{in|bedrock}}, however, the agent is not visible or interactable in any way, though it still prevents the placing of blocks and entities.

=== Minecraft Earth spawn eggs ===
These unused spawn egg textures existed {{in|earth}}:
* {{InvSprite|Cluckshroom Spawn Egg}} {{EntityLink|Cluckshroom}}
* {{InvSprite|Horned Sheep Spawn Egg}} {{EntityLink|Horned Sheep}}
* {{InvSprite|Jumbo Rabbit Spawn Egg}} {{EntityLink|Jumbo Rabbit}}
* {{InvSprite|Moobloom Spawn Egg}} {{EntityLink|Moobloom}}

=== April Fools spawn eggs ===
* {{InvSprite|Moon Cow Spawn Egg}} {{EntityLink|Moon Cow}}

== Sounds ==
When a mob is spawned, it immediately makes its ambient sound.

== Data values ==
=== ID ===
{{edition|java}}:
{{ID table
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{{edition|bedrock}}:
{{ID table
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=== Item data ===
{{el|java}}:
{{main|Player.dat format}}
<div class="treeview">
* {{nbt|compound|tag}}: The item's '''tag''' tag.
{{:Player.dat_format/Entity Spawners}}
</div>

{{el|bedrock}}:
: {{IN|bedrock}}, spawn eggs have no additional tags.
: See [[Bedrock Edition level format/Item format]].

== History ==
{{for|information on the historical colors of spawn eggs|Spawn Egg colors}}
{{Info needed|{{Edition|BE}} is outdated}}
{{History|java}}

{{History|pocket alpha}}
{{History||v0.7.0|All spawn eggs with damage/metadata values 30 and higher, would display a unique texture.}}
{{History||v0.11.0|All spawn eggs that are obtained in this version with an invalid damage/metadata value would result in the name of that spawn egg displaying as the following: item.monsterPlacer.name.name.}}
{{History|pocket}}
{{History|bedrock}}

{{History|console}}
{{History||xbox=TU11|Added a message when the user tries to spawn a [[hostile mob]] from a spawn egg in Peaceful [[difficulty]].}}

{{History|New 3DS}}

{{History|Education}}
{{History|earth}}
{{History|foot}}

== Issues ==
{{issue list}}

== Gallery ==
{{Hidden begin|View all renders}}
<gallery>
Spawn Egg.png|frame|Uncolored Spawn Egg
Agent Spawn Egg.png|Agent Spawn Egg
Allay Spawn Egg.png|Allay Spawn Egg
Axolotl Spawn Egg.png|Axolotl Spawn Egg
Bat Spawn Egg.png|Bat Spawn Egg
Bee Spawn Egg.png|Bee Spawn Egg
Blaze Spawn Egg.png|Blaze Spawn Egg
Camel Spawn Egg.png|Camel Spawn Egg
Cat Spawn Egg.png|Cat Spawn Egg (Java)
Cat Spawn Egg BE1.png|Cat Spawn Egg (Bedrock)
Cave Spider Spawn Egg.png|Cave Spider Spawn Egg
Chicken Spawn Egg.png|Chicken Spawn Egg
Cod Spawn Egg.png|Cod Spawn Egg
Cow Spawn Egg.png|Cow Spawn Egg
Creeper Spawn Egg.png|Creeper Spawn Egg
Dolphin Spawn Egg.png|Dolphin Spawn Egg
Donkey Spawn Egg.png|Donkey Spawn Egg
Drowned Spawn Egg.png|Drowned Spawn Egg
Elder Guardian Spawn Egg.png|Elder Guardian Spawn Egg
Ender Dragon Spawn Egg.png|Ender Dragon Spawn Egg
Enderman Spawn Egg.png|Enderman Spawn Egg
Endermite Spawn Egg.png|Endermite Spawn Egg
Evoker Spawn Egg.png|Evoker Spawn Egg
Fox Spawn Egg.png|Fox Spawn Egg
Frog Spawn Egg.png|Frog Spawn Egg
Ghast Spawn Egg.png|Ghast Spawn Egg
Glow Squid Spawn Egg.png|Glow Squid Spawn Egg
Goat Spawn Egg.png|Goat Spawn Egg
Guardian Spawn Egg.png|Guardian Spawn Egg
Hoglin Spawn Egg.png|Hoglin Spawn Egg
Horse Spawn Egg.png|Horse Spawn Egg
Husk Spawn Egg.png|Husk Spawn Egg
Iron Golem Spawn Egg.png|Iron Golem Spawn Egg
Llama Spawn Egg.png|Llama Spawn Egg
Magma Cube Spawn Egg.png|Magma Cube Spawn Egg
Mooshroom Spawn Egg.png|Mooshroom Spawn Egg
Mule Spawn Egg.png|Mule Spawn Egg
NPC Spawn Egg.png|NPC Spawn Egg
Ocelot Spawn Egg.png|Ocelot Spawn Egg
Panda Spawn Egg.png|Panda Spawn Egg (Java)
Panda Spawn Egg BE1.png|Panda Spawn Egg (Bedrock)
Parrot Spawn Egg.png|Parrot Spawn Egg
Phantom Spawn Egg.png|Phantom Spawn Egg
Pig Spawn Egg.png|Pig Spawn Egg
Piglin Spawn Egg.png|Piglin Spawn Egg
Piglin Brute Spawn Egg.png|Piglin Brute Spawn Egg
Pillager Spawn Egg.png|Pillager Spawn Egg
Polar Bear Spawn Egg.png|Polar Bear Spawn Egg
Pufferfish Spawn Egg.png|Pufferfish Spawn Egg
Rabbit Spawn Egg.png|Rabbit Spawn Egg
Ravager Spawn Egg.png|Ravager Spawn Egg
Salmon Spawn Egg.png|Salmon Spawn Egg
Sheep Spawn Egg.png|Sheep Spawn Egg
Shulker Spawn Egg.png|Shulker Spawn Egg
Silverfish Spawn Egg.png|Silverfish Spawn Egg
Skeleton Spawn Egg.png|Skeleton Spawn Egg
Skeleton Horse Spawn Egg.png|Skeleton Horse Spawn Egg
Slime Spawn Egg.png|Slime Spawn Egg
Sniffer Spawn Egg.png|Sniffer Spawn Egg
Snow Golem Spawn Egg.png|Snow Golem Spawn Egg
Spider Spawn Egg.png|Spider Spawn Egg
Squid Spawn Egg.png|Squid Spawn Egg
Stray Spawn Egg.png|Stray Spawn Egg
Strider Spawn Egg.png|Strider Spawn Egg
Tadpole Spawn Egg.png|Tadpole Spawn Egg
Trader Llama Spawn Egg.png|Trader Llama Spawn Egg
Tropical Fish Spawn Egg.png|Tropical Fish Spawn Egg
Turtle Spawn Egg.png|Turtle Spawn Egg
Vex Spawn Egg.png|Vex Spawn Egg
Villager Spawn Egg.png|Villager Spawn Egg
Vindicator Spawn Egg.png|Vindicator Spawn Egg
Wandering Trader Spawn Egg.png|Wandering Trader Spawn Egg (Java)
Wandering Trader Spawn Egg BE1.png|Wandering Trader Spawn Egg (Bedrock)
Warden Spawn Egg.png|Warden Spawn Egg
Witch Spawn Egg.png|Witch Spawn Egg
Wither Spawn Egg.png|Wither Spawn Egg
Wither Skeleton Spawn Egg.png|Wither Skeleton Spawn Egg
Wolf Spawn Egg.png|Wolf Spawn Egg
Zoglin Spawn Egg.png|Zoglin Spawn Egg
Zombie Spawn Egg.png|Zombie Spawn Egg
Zombie Horse Spawn Egg.png|Zombie Horse Spawn Egg
Zombie Villager Spawn Egg.png|Zombie Villager Spawn Egg
Zombified Piglin Spawn Egg.png|Zombified Piglin Spawn Egg
Mask Spawn Egg.png|Mask Spawn Egg (texture)
</gallery>
{{Hidden end}}

=== Screenshots ===
<gallery>
Classic eggs.png|Various spawn eggs utilizing their old color scheme before [[12w01a]].
Upsidedownmob.png|An example of an upside-down mob by renaming the spawn egg "Dinnerbone".
UpsideDownMobsEasterEgg.png|Two mobs spawned with the names "Grumm" and "Dinnerbone," respectively.
TheLeadPig.png|First screenshot relating to a named mob shown, through a spawn egg.
</gallery>

== Notes ==
{{notelist|fn}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External Links ==
*[https://www.minecraft.net/en-us/article/taking-inventory--spawn-egg Taking Inventory: Spawn Egg] – Minecraft.net on January 6, 2022

{{Items}}

[[de:Spawn-Ei]]
[[es:Huevo generador]]
[[fr:Œufs d'apparition]]
[[it:Uovo generatore]]
[[ja:スポーンエッグ]]
[[ko:생성 알]]
[[nl:Spawnei]]
[[pl:Jajo przyzywające]]
[[pt:Ovo gerador]]
[[ru:Яйца призывания]]
[[th:ไข่เสก]]
[[zh:刷怪蛋]]
[[Category:Non-renewable resources]]</li></ul></nowiki>
```
```
{{Extension DPL}}<ul><li>[[Brown Dye|Brown Dye]]<br/>{{Item
}}

'''Brown dye''' is a [[Dye#Primary|primary color dye]] derived from [[cocoa beans]].

== Obtaining ==
=== Crafting ===
{{Crafting
}}

== Usage  ==

{{dye usage}}

=== Crafting ingredient ===

{{crafting usage|ignore=Banner|continue=1}}
{{banner crafting usage}}

=== Loom ingredient ===
{{Banner loom usage|Brown Dye}}

=== Trading ===

Apprentice-level Shepherd villagers have a 20% chance to buy 12 brown dye for an emerald.‌{{only|bedrock}}

Expert-level Shepherd villagers have a {{frac|2|7}} chance to buy 12 brown dye for an emerald.{{only|java}}

== Data values ==
=== ID ===
{{edition|java}}:
{{ID table

{{edition|bedrock}}:
{{ID table

== History ==
{{expand section|Item textures and more from a development video on twitter by bartek.}}
{{History|java}}

{{History|bedrock}}

{{History|ps4}}
{{History|foot}}

== Issues ==

{{issue list}}

{{Items}}

[[Category:Dyes]]
[[Category:Renewable resources]]

[[de:Brauner Farbstoff]]
[[es:Tinte marrón]]
[[fr:Teinture marron]]
[[ja:茶色の染料]]
[[ko:갈색 염료]]
[[pl:Brązowy barwnik]]
[[pt:Corante marrom]]
[[th:สีย้อมสีน้ำตาล]]
[[zh:棕色染料]]</li><li>[[Charcoal|Charcoal]]<br/>{{Item
}}
'''Charcoal''' is an [[item]] obtained by smelting [[log]]s or [[wood]]. It is used as fuel, or for crafting [[torch]]es and [[campfire]]s. Unlike [[coal]], charcoal cannot be traded with [[villager]]s or crafted into a [[block of coal]]. Coal and charcoal also cannot stack together. It can be used as a substitute for coal, as both charcoal and coal have an equivalent duration when smelted.

== Obtaining ==

=== Breaking ===

A [[campfire]] broken without the [[Silk Touch]] enchantment drops 2 charcoal.

=== Smelting ===

{{Smelting
}}

=== Compound creation ===

Charcoal can be created from its base [[element]]s, using the [[compound creator]].{{only|bedrock|education}}

{| class="wikitable"
!Name
!Elements
!Example recipe
!Charcoal

== Usage ==

=== Crafting ingredient ===

{{crafting usage|Charcoal}}
{{Crafting
}}

=== Lab table ingredient ===

Charcoal is one of the [[lab table]] ingredients needed to produce the [[heat block]].{{only|education}}

{| class="wikitable"
! Result
! Materials Needed
!rowspan=2|{{slot|Heat Block.gif}}<br>[[Heat Block]]

=== Fuel ===

When used in a [[furnace]] as a fuel, a piece of charcoal lasts 80 seconds (smelting up to 8 items), the same as coal. Charcoal used as fuel lasts more than 5 times longer than [[wood planks]] or [[wood]] logs used as fuel, being more efficient than any other use of wood for smelting in ''[[Java Edition]]'', but outstripped by [[wooden slabs]] in Bedrock.

Coal and charcoal are also the only fuels accepted by [[Minecart with Furnace|furnace minecarts]]. They provide approximately four minutes of transit each.

== Data values ==
=== ID ===
{{edition|java}}:
{{ID table

{{edition|bedrock}}:
{{ID table

== Achievements ==

{{load achievements|Renewable Energy}}

== History ==

{{History|java beta}}
{{History|java}}

{{History|pocket alpha}}
{{History|bedrock}}

{{History|console}}

{{History|New 3DS}}
{{History|foot}}

== Issues ==
{{issue list|Charcoal}}

== How it's renewable ==
Charcoal comes from smelting log. Logs are renewable and charcoal can be used as fuel to smelt logs{{Items}}

[[Category:Renewable resources]]

[[de:Holzkohle]]
[[fr:Charbon (objet)#Charbon de bois]]
[[hu:Faszén]]
[[it:Carbonella]]
[[ko:목탄]]
[[pt:Carvão#Carvão vegetal]]
[[nl:Steenkool#Houtskool]]
[[ru:Уголь#Древесный уголь]]
[[zh:木炭]]</li></ul>
```

## Issues

Issues relating to "Ancient City" are maintained on the bug tracker. Report issues there.

## Trivia

* The ancient cities were inspired by Mayan and Roman ruins. In some concept art, Narrator revealed that the loot in ancient cities was originally going to be stored within jar-shaped pots, screaming vases, and stone chests.
* The intention of the ancient cities was to capture a feeling of something that feels like it was once bustling with life, but is now vacant and lifeless.

## Gallery

### Screenshots

* An ancient city intersecting with a lush cave.
* An underwater ancient city.
* Ancient city center.
* Ancient city piston door.
* Ancient city redstone.
* A corner in an ancient city.
* A path in an ancient city.
* The center of an ancient city.
* Candles in an ancient city.
* Warden in an ancient city.

#### Odd generation

* An ancient city generated in an aquifer.
* Same city, different angle.

### Development images

* An ancient city.
* Sneak peak of a warden within an ancient city.
* The teaser image for Deep Dark Experimental Snapshot 1, featuring the ancient city.

### Concept artwork

* Concept artwork for the ancient city's center.
* Concept artwork for the ancient city.
* Ancient city "atmosphere" concept artwork.
* Pots, vases, and stone chests concept art for the ancient cities.
* Ditto.
* Concept artwork showing the "lifelessness" of the ancient city.
* Ruin layout concept art.
* Ancient city gameplay concept art.
* More ancient city gameplay concept art.
* Ancient city blocks concept art.
* Ancient city walls concept art.
* Stone chest concept art. These would have generated within the ancient cities.

### In other media

* Artwork of the Warden in a city.
* Sunny and Efe exploring an ancient city.
* An ancient city as it appears in the Wild Update trailer.
* The Ancient City as it appears in the announcement trailer for Minecraft Live 2023.
* Pixel art of the Warden chasing Alex while she carries the Silence armor trim.
* An Ancient City as it appears in an advertisement for *Minecraft Crocs*.

## See also

* Tutorials/Exploring an ancient city
* Warden
* Stronghold
* Music Disc

## References

1. ↑ "The Secrets of Minecraft's Deep Dark @ 1:07" – Minecraft on YouTube, June 24, 2022
2. ↑ "The Secrets of Minecraft's Deep Dark @ 1:21" – Minecraft on YouTube, June 24, 2022
3. ↑ https://youtu.be/chuRE9nxLT4
4. ↑  https://www.youtube.com/shorts/e1AJo7jU5MI