Suillus granulatus

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***Suillus granulatus*** is a pored mushroom of the genus *Suillus* in the family Suillaceae. It is similar to the related *S. luteus*, but can be distinguished by its ringless stalk. Like *S. luteus*, it is an edible mushroom that often grows in a symbiosis (mycorrhiza) with pine. It has been commonly known as the **weeping bolete**, or the **granulated bolete**.

## Taxonomy

*Suillus granulatus* was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 as a species of *Boletus*. It was given its current name by French naturalist Henri François Anne de Roussel when he transferred it to *Suillus* in 1796. *Suillus* is an ancient term for fungi, and is derived from the word "swine". *Granulatus* means "grainy" and refers to the glandular dots on the upper part of the stem.
However in some specimens the glandular dots may be inconspicuous and not darkening with age; thus the name *S. lactifluus*, "oozing milk" was formerly applied to this form as it is not notably characterized by glandular dots.

## Description

 File:Suillus granulatus 1.jpg
The orange-brown, to brown-yellow cap is viscid (sticky) when wet, and shiny when dry, and is usually 3 to 9 cm in diameter. The stem is pale yellow, of uniform thickness, with tiny brownish granules at the apex. It is without a ring. The tubes and pores are small, pale yellow, and exude pale milky droplets when young. The flesh is also pale yellow.

*Suillus granulatus* is often confused with *Suillus luteus*, which is another common and widely distributed species occurring in the same habitat. *S. luteus* has conspicuous a partial veil and ring, and lacks the milky droplets on the pores.
Also similar is *Suillus brevipes*, which has a short stipe in relation to the cap, and which does not ooze droplets from the pore surface.

### Bioleaching

Bioleaching is the industrial process of using living organisms to extract metals from ores, typically where there is only a trace amount of the metal to be extracted. It has been found that *Suillus granulatus* can extract trace elements (Titanium, Calcium, Potassium, Magnesium and Lead) from wood ash and apatite.

## Distribution and habitat

Grows with *Pinus* (pine trees) on both calcareous and acid soils, and sometimes occurs in large numbers. *Suillus granulatus* is the most widespread pine-associating *Suillus* species in warm climates. It is common in Britain, Europe, and North America. It is associated with Japanese red pine (*Pinus densiflora*) in South Korea.
A native to the Northern Hemisphere, the fungus has been introduced into Australia under *Pinus radiata*. It is also found in Africa, New Zealand, Hawaii, and southern Chile.

## Edibility

*Suillus granulatus* is edible and fair. Like all *Suillus* species, the tubes are best removed before cooking. It is sometimes included in commercially produced mushroom preserves. Has been known to cause mild stomach upsets. The fruit bodies—low in fat, high in fiber and carbohydrates, and a source of nutraceutical compounds—can be considered a functional food.

## Toxicity

*Suillus granulatus* sometimes causes contact dermatitis to those who handle it.

## References

* R.Phillips-Mushrooms 2006
* Marcel Bonn-Mushrooms and Toadstools of Britain and North West Europe.

1. ↑ Cite error: Invalid `<ref>` tag; no text was provided for refs named `Eppinger 2006`
2. ↑ Cite error: Invalid `<ref>` tag; no text was provided for refs named `McKnight 1987`
3. ↑ Template:Cite book
4. ↑ Cite error: Invalid `<ref>` tag; no text was provided for refs named `urlFungorum synonymy: Suillus granulatus`
5. ↑ Fascinated by Fungi. Retrieved on October 26, 2018.
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Suillus granulatus. Retrieved on October 26, 2018.
7. ↑ The Genus Suillus. Retrieved on October 26, 2018.
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Template:Cite journal
9. ↑ Template:Cite journal
10. ↑ Cite error: Invalid `<ref>` tag; no text was provided for refs named `Richardson 2000`
11. ↑ Cite error: Invalid `<ref>` tag; no text was provided for refs named `Simberloff 2010`
12. ↑ Cite error: Invalid `<ref>` tag; no text was provided for refs named `Reis 2014`

## External links

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* Template:IndexFungorum
* Mushroom Expert - *Suillus granulatus*

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