Egyptian States

Smendes and Ramesses XI gave life to the Egyptian States, semi-autonomous regions, each led by its own ruler. Each state had the authority to decide on matters related to farming, economic policies, and maintaining its own army. However, they were all bound to the central authority of the pharaoh.

### Succeded by

* The Kushite kingdom
* Kreel

# Egyptian States

In 944 BCE, Egypt was divided into a series of semi-autonomous Egyptian States, each governed by its own local leader. These states were not mere provinces but possessed a considerable degree of autonomy in managing their internal affairs, including economic policies, agriculture, and military organization.

The leaders of these states, often referred to as "Governors," "Nomarchs," or "Princes," were responsible for the governance of their respective regions. They managed day-to-day affairs, collected taxes, maintained law and order, and made decisions related to local agriculture and trade.

While the pharaoh's authority was no longer absolute over every aspect of each state, the central authority held a significant role. The pharaoh continued to be the ultimate symbol of unity and a representative of the divine. He retained responsibilities for foreign policy, the military's overall command, and ensuring the harmony and stability of the nation as a whole.

To facilitate communication and decision-making between the pharaoh and the regional leaders, an institution known as the "Egyptian Council" was established. This body was composed of representatives from each Egyptian State, including the leaders themselves. The Council met regularly, allowing leaders to discuss matters of mutual concern, formulating policies related to trade, inter-state relations, and even matters of war and peace.

This not only fostered economic cooperation but also promoted diplomatic relations between the states.

Each Egyptian State maintained its own military force to safeguard its territory, but when a collective military action was required, the pharaoh coordinated their efforts. This system allowed for a more agile and efficient response to external threats, while still respecting the autonomy of individual states.

The Egyptian States fostered cultural exchange and cooperation among regions. Different states often showcased their unique traditions and contributed to the rich tapestry of Egyptian culture. Art, religion, and local customs flourished, creating a diverse yet harmonious society.

# Bezrael's Conquest

After the conquest of Bezrael Barbelo in 970 BCE, Egypt faced a turbulent period. Bezrael's reign was marked by ruthless expansionism and the establishment of the kingdom of Ezrael. His domination continued well into the 9th century BCE.

In the aftermath of Bezrael's reign, Egypt plunged into a turbulent period marked by a power vacuum and internal discord. As various city-states and local leaders fervently vied for control.

This fracturing of authority led to the disintegration of Egypt's once-unified states. City-states found themselves increasingly governed by independent rulers and councils, further eroding the cohesive governance of the land. This decentralization led to sporadic and strained trade and cooperation among these regions.

In this period, Jeroboam, inspired by the wisdom of the mage Ahijah, began crafting a secretive plan to seize the throne of Ezrael for himself. However, Bezrael eventually uncovered Jeroboam's plot and exiled him to Egypt, where he sought refuge under the protection of Pharaoh Smendes (also known as Shoshenq I, Shashank, Shishak, and Shishaj).

Jeroboam bided his time in Egypt, waiting for the opportune moment to return to his homeland and lead a rebellion against Bezrael's rule. This opportunity presented itself when Pharaoh Smendes initiated an invasion of Jerusalem and laid siege to the city.

The unsuccessful attempt by Smendes to conquer Ezrael, following Bezrael's victory in the Battle on Bitter Lakes, revealed the challenging geopolitical landscape. Egypt's political map became increasingly complex with the emergence of the Kingdom of Samaria, led by Jeroboam. This division marked the beginning of a divided Egypt, with Samaria in the north and Judah in the south.

Bezrael maintained control over both regions through fear and imposition of taxation and tribute, meanwhile, under the rule of Adad-nirari II, the Neo-Assyrian Empire embarked on an aggressive expansionist phase, further complicating the region's political dynamics.

# Osorkon I & II

The son of Smendes and chief consort, Karomat A, Osorkon I was succeeded his father who died after the campaign against Ezrael. Egypt was in a state of upheaval. Enemies seemed to lurk everywhere, including the formidable Bezrael.

Osorkon was an adept diplomat. he understood the importance of forming strategic alliances both within the states. He worked diligently to secure peaceful relations with the surrounding city-states and regional leaders, fostering an environment of cooperation and mutual benefit.

Osorkon recognized the need to maintain a formidable military presence. Under his rule, Egypt's armed forces were reorganized and modernized. He bolstered the country's defense capabilities, deterring potential threats from outside forces.

Osorkon's efficient administration ensured the smooth functioning of government and law enforcement. This stability was instrumental in keeping Egypt united during challenging times.

In the midst of these internal efforts, Osorkon also had to contend with external threats. The rise of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, led by Adad-nirari and his successors, posed a constant challenge to the region.

Despite these external challenges, Osorkon's reign was a testament to the enduring strength of Egypt, even in the face of formidable adversaries like Bezrael and the expanding Neo-Assyrian Empire.

When Pharaoh Osorkon I, passed away, the mantle of leadership was passed on to Shoshenq II, who held the prestigious title of High Priest of Amun. Shoshenq II assumed the role of Pharaoh in Egypt, seeking to uphold the principles of his predecessor and continue the traditions that had brought success to the kingdom.

During Shoshenq II's regency, he maintained the course set by Osorkon I, ensuring the stability and unity of Egypt. It was understood that he served as a regent until Osorkon I's son, Usermaatre Setepenamun (Osorkon II), reach the age to rule independently. Osorkon II was being groomed to take on the responsibilities of kingship.

The reign of Shoshenq II as a regent was a period of continuity and preparation for the future. It laid the foundation for Osorkon II's eventual ascension to the throne, which would come to pass as he matured and grew into his role as Pharaoh in Egypt.

In 872 BCE, Osorkon II (also known as Sabacon), ascended to the throne of Egypt. He immediately embarked on a mission to consolidate Egypt's power and influence in the region. During his early years on the throne, he implemented economic policies that promoted trade, agriculture, and industry.

The pharaoh oversaw several construction of roads and continued to support artistic and cultural endeavors, fostering an environment where art, architecture, and intellectual pursuits thrived.

# 857 BCE

Leaders from eight surrounding states, each facing the menace of Bezrael's influence, gathered in the magnificent city of Thebes to seek a solution. Labotas of Sparta and Pherecules of Athens had assembled them to unite their forces and form an alliance against the unstoppable god-king Bezrael.

Pharaoh Osorkon II welcomed these dignitaries to his grand court, where they discussed the urgent matter at hand. The weight of their decision lay heavy on their shoulders, for the fate of their lands hung in the balance.

Labotas of Sparta, recounted the horrors that the Neo-Assyrian Empire had endured in their conflict with Bezrael, Labotas argued passionately for the dire need to rally humanity against this common threat, emphasizing the importance of a unified leadership.

Aram, the King of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, was chosen as "King of Humanity." The formation of this alliance was a turning point, a testament to the strength of unity in the face of an overwhelming adversary.

When Aram received the news, swiftly mobilized his troops and engaged Bezrael in fierce battles that culminated in a prolonged eight-day war, ending with Bezrael's defeat and capture.

As punishment, the defeated Barbelo was imprisoned within a cave, watched closely by a ferocious dragon and the Immortal wizard Kreel, After winning the war against Bezrael, Pherecles of Athens and Labotas of Sparta they formalized a treaty, solidifying their alliance.

The newly created alliance became known as “Ερείνην” (meaning: Peace), allowing both nations to focus on their respective internal developments while trusting in the protection provided by their partner.

Under Osorkon II's wise leadership, a harmonious era of peace dawned in Egypt. The alliance with Aram, Sparta, and Athens strengthened and stabilized the region. It allowed these nations to turn their attention to internal progress and cultural development, fostering a newfound era of prosperity and growth.

As the years passed, the kingdom enjoyed this respite, and Osorkon II's rule brought about an era of prosperity and cultural flourishing. However, the pages of history continued to turn, and in the year 837 BCE, death came for the Pharaoh Osorkon II, marking the end of an extraordinary era of leadership and unity.

# Civil War

Takelot II succeded Osorkon II after Osorkon's death, as Usermaatre Setepenre Shoshenq III, was not a son of Osorkon II but his grandson through his deceased father, Prince Takelot, ascended to the throne until Shoshenq III reaching the age of rule.

However, in the year 825 BCE, a sudden turn of events altered the course of succession. Takelot II, died, plunging the kingdom into civil war. Crown Prince Osorkon III and Shoshenq III, who had been patiently waiting their turn, found themselves locked in a catastrophic civil war for the throne.

This conflict, shook the nation to its core. Cities were divided, and loyalists on both sides rallied behind their chosen rulers. The land that had enjoyed an era of peace and unity under Osorkon II now found itself torn by a bitter feud.

The outcome of this devastating civil war, the lives it claimed, and its lasting impact on Egypt's political landscape were destined to be etched in the annals of history. Amidst the turmoil and strife, Shoshenq III emerged as the victor, ascending to the throne as the new Pharaoh.

Shoshenq III's rule marked a significant turning point in Egypt's history. Under his reign, the scars of the civil war gradually began to fade. Shoshenq III implemented policies aimed at reconciling the divided factions and bringing the nation together once more. He worked to revitalize the economy, promote cultural development, and maintain strong diplomatic ties with the nations that had stood by Egypt during its darkest hours.

Pharaoh Shoshenq III looked upon the rebellion of Dido, among the people of Phoenicia, casting aside the rule of King Hazael. She seized power and crowned herself the queen of the Arameans. The Athenian-Spartan Alliance, defeated the Golden Kingdom.

Shoshenq III supported the Alliance by sending gold to the Spartans and the Athenians. In 798 BCE, after a long and eventful reign, Pharaoh Shoshenq III passed away, the throne of Egypt was passed on to his successor, Shoshenq IV, who continued his legacy.

# Peace

List of Pharaoh's that followed Shosheng IV's rule.

* Takelot III Also known as Usermaatre Setepenamun 774 – 759 BCE
* Rudamun 759 – 755 BCE
* Shoshenq VII Also known as Hedjkheperre Setepenre 755 – 732 BCE
* Menkheperre 732 – 727 BCE

# Kingdom of Kush

In the shadows of the eighth century BC, a new power was rising in the heart of Africa. The Napata region of upper Dongola Reach gave birth to the Kushite kingdom.

Alara's rule began with the influence of the Kawa temple, sorcerer's Barkal and Kerma, Alara was a virgin woman chosen to be the first queen of a frontier, beyond Nubia.

After Alara's death, Kashta continued the legacy of the conquest. He extended Kushite control northward, reaching the heart of Egypt, in the mighty cities of Elephantine and Thebes, but Kashta was drove back in the south by the city armies.

However, In 727 BCE, it was Kashta's successor, Piye, who unleashed a sweeping invasion across the land of the Nile,Piye's conquest was relentless. Piye's forces surged forward, battling their way through Egypt's city-states. As they advanced, city after city fell under the sway of the Kushite kingdom. Piye's might was unmatched, and the city-states, one by one, bent to his will.

The conquest of Egypt was complete. Piye had realized his dream, creating the powerful and influential Kushite kingdom. Egypt, from north to south, was now under the reign of the Kushites, marking a turning point in the history.