Frame Shift Drive

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> 讓飛船可進行超級巡航與超空間遷躍的儀器。
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> — 遊戲內敘述
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空間摺叠引擎（Frame Shift Drive，簡稱FSD）為超空間引擎的一種，可讓飛船在星系內以極高速（超級巡航，Supercruise）進行移動，並且在星系間超空間（Hyperspace）遷躍。

與其使飛船加速，FSD是透過移動飛船周遭的空間來達到超光速移動，而不消耗大量的能量或造成時空乾擾。

FSD是使用經改裝過的阿庫別瑞引擎（Alcubierre Drive）來將飛船前方的空間進行摺叠，以進入超巡。此外，FSD也讓飛船得以在更高維度的空間進行超空間遷躍。超空間遷躍是基於量子原理，必須得知目的地的坐標方可進行，且遷躍所需的能量是非線性的。

飛船的遷躍能力受限於FSD的級別、評級與飛船的重量。此能力可藉由以下兩點來提升：

* 透過合成（Synthesis）可一次性地為飛船增加25%、50%或100%的遷躍距離。
* 穿過白矮星或中子星兩端的噴流，以降低FSD耐久度為代價，分別可提升50%（白矮星）或300%（中子星）的遷躍距離。但此具有風險的做法——在噴流中失控，過度靠近恆星而脫離超巡——很有可能帶來最壞的後果。但此方式仍是探索類飛行員的常用方法，以大幅縮減長距離旅行的時間。

武器的外部掛點、貨倉門、起落架等必須關閉才能啟動FSD，但一些特定的掃描儀、儲熱槽發射器或超巡攔截儀仍能在超巡中使用。

提升FSD能增加飛船的遷躍距離，對於商船、走私船或探險者來說非常有用。

在進行超空間躍遷或進出超級巡航時，會留下空間摺叠引擎訊號（Frame Shift Drive Wake）。

背景
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3125年時，FSD的原型遷躍引擎需透過被稱為『Quirium』的燃料方能運作。這是一種高密度高能量的材質，由Galactic Cooperative集團（簡稱GalCop）所製造，而他們對其製作方式嚴格保密。大多數以Quirium為燃料的遷躍引擎有著有限的遷躍距離，但是有些人能對其改造，來達到跨越銀河系、甚至到達其他銀河系的能力。據傳，此遷躍引擎是由被俘獲的Thargoid飛船反向科技研發而來。

當GalCop瓦解後，Quirium的製法隨即失傳，而那些以之為燃料的遷躍引擎也無法再次運作。接下來的100年間，只能以更原始且緩慢的方式來進行超光速旅行。

在INRA - Thargoid戰爭期間，不少Thargoid飛船被GalCop所擒獲。當集團瓦解後，這些外星飛船便落入聯盟的手中。 3270年，聯盟成功透過反向研發科技，發明了近百年來最佳的遷躍引擎，空間摺叠引擎隨之誕生。 3290年，FSD開始面向大眾，成功將星際間的旅行時間從數小時縮短至幾秒，大於50光年的遷躍能力使得星際間的往來不費吹灰之力，開創了人類探索與擴張的時代。在The Club的影響下，聯盟並未壟斷FSD技術；反之，此科技最終落入Sirius Corporation的手中，並向所有勢力與派系販售，以確保沒人能獨佔。

Sometime during the war, at the INRA base Almeida Landing, a research team led by the engineer Effie Ratling figured out that Thargoid hyperdrives operated by creating stable wormholes into and out of hyperspace, a key difference from contemporary human-designed hyperdrives which shifted space around a ship. Ratling built a prototype hybrid hyperdrive, considered a precursor of the modern Frame Shift Drive, using elements of both human and Thargoid tech, but INRA then took over the project and made modifications to the hybrid drive to get it to the test-flight stage, allowing Ratling to stay on only as a consultant. During the first test flight, the wormhole produced by the prototype drive was stable, but Ratling voiced concern about whether a human being would survive passing through it. Her worries proved prescient, as the pilot died when he returned from the wormhole; his body was turned inside out, but the ship was unscathed. It is unknown what became of INRA's prototype after this.

After the collapse of the Galactic Cooperative in 3174, dozens of Thargoid vessels that GalCop forces had captured and stored eventually fell into the hands of the Alliance after it was established in 3230. By the 3270s, the Alliance was able to reverse-engineer Thargoid technology and produced the revolutionary Frame Shift Drive, which it quietly ceded to Sirius Corporation at the behest of The Club in the hopes of preserving the balance of power between the three superpowers. Sirius monopolized the technology and distributed it to all the powers and factions, ensuring no one gained an advantage. News of the Frame Shift Drive's development precipitated the signing of the London Treaty in 3278, in which the superpowers agreed to limit the construction of Capital Ships for the sake of preventing an arms race. The completed Frame Shift Drive was unveiled in the late 3290s, and immediately rendered the Type 2b obsolete when it became widely available in 3297.

The new design had numerous advantages. Jump times were reduced to mere seconds, as they had been with quirium drives, without any loss in jump range compared to the Type 2b. Journeys that were considered unfeasible were now within the realm of possibility. In addition, the new design was more compact and could be installed on smaller ships, it was more fuel efficient, and it locked onto a system's primary star, dropping a ship there instead of a system's outskirts and reducing travel times to most populated worlds and bases. Last but not least, the Frame Shift Drive also introduced a supercruise mode that further cut in-system travel times from days to minutes.

Frame Shift Drives consume one of two different kinds of fuel depending on their size. Drives installed in smaller, conventional ships from the Sidewinder MkI to the Anaconda use simple Hydrogen Fuel, which is readily available at any docking facility or by using a Fuel Scoop to skim it from certain classes of stars. Capital Ships, including the Farragut Battle Cruiser, Majestic Class Interdictor, and Drake-Class Carrier, use much more powerful Frame Shift Drives that consume Tritium, which must be purchased by the tonne from commodity markets or mined from asteroids and refined.

Frame Shift Drives leave behind temporary Frame Shift Drive Wakes, which can be scanned using a Frame Shift Wake Scanner to calculate a ship's destination system. Fortunately, these wakes fade in a matter of minutes, making it considerably more difficult to pursue a ship over multiple jumps. The company MetaDrive Inc. reportedly came close to developing wake suppression technology for the commercial market, an innovation which would have allowed any ship to travel through a system without leaving a trace, but MetaDrive was acquired by Sirius Corporation in late 3302 through The Club's manipulation and the research was likely shelved indefinitely to prevent the disruption of the balance between the superpowers.

目前是無法以FSD前往其他銀河系的。

規格
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## 工程師改造效果

可以使用工程師（Engineer）增加以下效果：

* 快速啟動（Faster boot sequence）
* 距離強化（Increased FSD Range）
* 屏障保護強化（Shielded）

## 超空間遷躍燃料消耗

With the help of the formula below the effective fuel consumption of a ship travelling in hyperspace can be calculated. The formula is speculative and was in part deduced from user experimentation.

### Documentation

* f = fuel consumed per jump in tons

* l = linear constant. This constant depends upon the rating of the frame shift drive.

 Linear Constant

* d = jump distance in light years

* mShip = the mass of the entire ship including its cargo in tons and before fuel is consumed for the hyperspace jump itself

* mOpt = the optimal mass of the frameshift drive in tons as indicated in-game by the outfitters. The total mass of the ship can exceed this value.

* p = power constant. This constant depends upon the class of the frame shift drive.

 **Power Constant** | 2.00

附註
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* 太接近大質量物體時會影響FSD的充能時間，在大飛船附近亦然，被稱為『質量鎖定』（mass-locked）。在極大質量物體（如空間站、小行星帶等）則會完全無法充能。
* FSD在充能時會產生熱量，在恆星附近尤其明顯。
* For the original documentation of the hyperspace fuel equation, see this reddit post.

1. ↑ /r/EliteDangerous: Elite: Dangerous: Another INRA Base Found, Linked To Hyperdrive Research
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Elite Dangerous: Premonition
3. ↑ GalNet: Economic Turmoil Ahead?
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 GalNet: Hyperspace
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 *Elite Encounters RPG*
6. ↑ YouTube: Fleet Carriers - Content Reveal (2 April @ 18:00 UTC)