Wonao glossary

This is a glossary for the **Wonao peoples' languages**, the indigenous languages of the island nation of Bujan. Although most of them use Eosome as a classical language, they have twenty-seven modern languages for each tribe of the island.

Most modern Wonao people speak a modernised form of Eosome known as Common Eosome (Vanudna Aosomaë).

## Languages

* Ēosomê (**Aosomaë Lutanbal**, northwest) - the lingua franca used by most of the natives: back then, they were united by a dynasty of Eosome kings.
	+ It also had its own eastern dialect in literature from the Thirteenth Age. This dialect became the ancestor of the Naonaere and Ielorete languages.
* Laumakol (northwest)
* Tornoeken (**Lottamek Tornoeke**, west) - it was they who gave Lheum Wok (Mount Matjegron) its name. The priests of Tornoeken's temples are required by law to be of Tornoeken descent, both native and Rodnover.
* Kunawik (west)
* Prukkevei (west)
* Chauno (north) - one of three languages that writes in ideograms
* Kitrīva (north) - native to Dēdogron Province
* Ngorital (north) - western Dēdogron Province
* Vohisu (north) - east and north Dēdogron Province, Estagrad Province
* Nulpatara (north) - one of three languages that writes in ideograms.
	+ Alternatively, Nulpatara Wonaos also write in Daizhouvian characters.
* Hiokonno (west)
	+ Written in both its native alphabet and Daizhouvian characters.
* Cherma (west)
	+ Written in both a native alphabet and Daizhouvian characters.
* Jurmado (southwest) - known for their large wooden ships
	+ Jurmado words have "ue" instead of medial o.
* Tuulun (**Tuolune Löteival**, south) - the native language of several provinces in southern Bujan. Written with an alphabet.
	+ Due to the Tuulun being one of the biggest Wonao tribes, their language is the second biggest Wonao language in the number of native speakers, below Modern Eosome.
* Naonaere (**Nawonæra Klutirol**, southeast and east) - the native people of Starij Province, alongside the very related Ielorete tribe to the north.
* Ielorete (east and northeast) - one of three languages that writes in ideograms
* Kramadar (**Athanna Kramatjar**, northwest) - the third Supreme Volkhov of modern Bujan, Ethiammedau Lutiawilok, was from this tribe. He was the first Wonao priest in the modern kingdom's history to be a Supreme Volkhov, the head of Bujan's state religion and assistant of the King.
* Koedaker (**Lutom Koedaker-rji**, centre) - the native language of Koscheigrad. As it is the capital of Bujan, the language is nowadays seen as aristocratic and posh.
	+ Koedaker is known for having two genitive suffixes, one for people and everything else, and the other for places. Using place-genitives on people is considered very rude in that language.
	+ The place-genitive also has a polite form, but it still must not be used on people.
* Drevobojanse (mostly southeast) - these are the mixed descendants of Slavic and Wonao families, who are mostly Wonao-ised. Many of them speak either the language of their respective families or a direct descendant of the Slavic language of King Koschei that was heavily influenced by native speech: the language's name means "Old Bujanski", claiming themselves as among the living descendants of King Koschei's followers.
	+ As a descendant of Old Bujanid, it is not a Wonao language, but a Slavic language.

### Features

* Most Wonao languages have two different words for "out" and "in", referring to the direction and location of a subject.
	+ For example, "I am going out of the house" vs "I am outside the house".
* In eastern languages, g or n are replaced with ñ/ng.
* In western languages, "hj" is retained.
* In western languages, "l" is pronounced as [ɫ], similar to Slavic languages.
* long ö is transcribed as õ.

## Other Wonao languages

### Within Bujan

* Tselanian (Krumai Tselanur) - a tonal language
* Makkadalish (Lota Makkadalanda) - written with an alphabet
	+ One of the oldest-attested Wonao languages, with the earliest writings dating back to the Third Age by minor kingdoms.
	+ May have been the source of the Eosome alphabet and various related scripts.
	+ One punctuation sign for poetic lines is used in the Makkadalish flag, representing creativity.
* Joltaraataic
	+ Used by the Ljetoslouna Slavs as one of two native languages, the other being their Slavic language.
* Toludurian
* Oenlamtaic
* Ohonian

### Other countries

* Meninsko Eenians
* Nariskovians
* Menarin-Aenians
* Sommemmovians
* Baidovians
* Irawanese
	+ "Irawan" is the native name of Irajon and its Wonao people. This language is influenced by Pinogunian, and its name influenced Irajon's modern name.
* Waiposheans
	+ the three Waiposhean languages were influenced by archaic Pinogunian. Two of them have three contrasting sets of stop consonants, so for example, "p" will have "p, pj, and pw".
	+ All of them use an alphabet, but two of them also use Daizhouvian characters.

## Wordlist

(E) - eastern

(ES) - eastern Classical Eosome

(N) - Naonaere

(ne) - northeastern

(Io) - Ielorete

(W) - western

(Ju) - Jurmado

(Re) - Resok Province

* at - (E, N) man
* -au - (E, N) plural
* æm - (E, N) lamp
* Buruen - (W) Buron
* čō - (Ju) far, distant, great
* Čō Rjarue - (Ju) Far West, the continent of Esami
* džogros - (ne) grandfather
* Egeukrete - Salmon Bay, bay west of Bujan
* hoja (Ragisean, hajoswoi) - silver
* itson - (W) salmon fish
* jaruedri - (W) west, western
* Jarudri Welorijen - Western Olarion
* Jaruera - (W) the West, Western Bujan
* kapeo - drums
* lač - (W) rice
* latūn - (south) a tree
* lwedž - (W, Buron) rice
* lheum ... - (ne) peak
* ñokil - (ES) lizard
* pesok - (Re) sand
* pesokna, pesohna - (Re) sandy
* raiso, rauwo - (N) rice
* rheum - (ne) grandmother
* tagaek - clapping sticks
* taik - (Io, Daizhouvian loanword) a tall house
* tel - (Re) town
* valtar - tambour drum with stick
* wok - (ne) grandmother
* wolena - flute

## Koedaker glossary

Koedaker is the native language of Koscheigrad's tribe of Wonaos. In ancient times, this was the realm of the Kingdom of Varu, and the city was known as Vaikoro, named after the whirlpools.

See also: Koedaker glossary

## Tuulun glossary

* jelma - a house
* ko- - group of ...
* kozalau - mangrove forest
* la'ič, loiš - rice
* lātovek - a tree
* lātun - wood, tree
* maë'i - to meet
* mawoi - a head
* mo'e, mo'ei - no, not
* moipal - "head", coconut
* ñā(d)- - bigger ...
* ñāddok - big log
* ñādolgan - a barge (from carving big logs into a boat)
* ñālatno - big tree, big pole, large wooden statue
* ñāzolan - "big mangrove", seacoast expanded by mangrove forests
* ñedul - big
* ñedulma - a mansion, a big house
* tjesizol - beheading
* tjeswol - neck
* tokka - chopped wood
* tonañ - wood, a tree (archaic); a log
* zaloa, zalau - mangrove tree
* zōl - death
* -zol - to die
* zolju - killing blow
* -zoljun - to slay, to strike down, to kill
* zolma - "death head", a skull

## Eosome glossary

See also: Eosome language, Eosome glossary

a, æ, b, č, d, e, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, (ng/ñ), o, ö, p, r, s, t, u, v, w, (y), z, '

* ng/ñ is only used in some words or is found in eastern dialects. It is commonly merged into n.
* y is a variant of u, and is not a official phoneme or letter in Eosome.

## Naonaere glossary

See also: Naonaere language, Naonaere glossary

The Naonaeres are the Wonao tribe native to Starij Province. Their language, Naonaere, is Amaril's native language.

## Ielorete glossary

* bærju, mærju - a beam of light
* bærjuso - comet
* bjun - (Daizhouvian) castle wall
* taik - (Daizhouvian) a tall house

## Resok Province glossary

* pesok - sand
* pesokna, pesohna - sandy
* tel - town

## Irawanese glossary

Irawanese is the native language of Irajon, and one of its three official languages.

* -eu - (plural)
* Irawan - Irajon, the land of jade
* lutei - language
* namira - a ronin knight, a Pinogunian
* Namirand - Pinoguni, land of the namireu
	+ Now considered offensive in Pinoguni. Both the Pinogunians and their diaspora in Irajon proposed another name, Pinagunend; or Pelonend.
* Namirera - local Pinogunians in Irajon and Wonao countries.
	+ Although they still referred their former homeland, Pinoguni, by its native name, they chose "Namiri" as their own name to resist a Pinogunian imperial army's invasion of their new homelands.
* pel - cherry flower, cherry, pink
* pelon, pelod - cherry tree
* Pelonend - Pinoguni
	+ The name the Pinogunians of Irajon like to use for their former homeland.
* peluk - cherry fruit
* Pinagunend - Pinoguni
	+ The modern name for Pinoguni in official Irajonian records and in Pinoguni.
* ratu - king
* raturen - kingdom
* -ren(d) - country, region

### Toludurian

* kötjaral - together
* ... ma - (imperative)

## Samples

### Independence War motto

* Eosome: Rikairjazōr Mö-röintora!
* Naonaere: Rjeñæras Te-darasöi!
* Buyanski: Djenasvæi Ber-jes Vjærisǐ!
* Translated: Daylight Will Return!

## See also

* Wonao calendar
* Bujanski language
* Bujanski glossary
* Bujanski slang
* Wonao Bujanski words
* Makkadalish glossary
* Daizhouvian loanwords in Wonao languages
* List of Wonao names

### Samples

* Samples of Eosome
* Samples of Koedaker
* Samples of Naonaere