照明控制与商业能源规范，第二部分：ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2015 与 IECC 2015

以下内容由222-刘宴书翻译

**Lighting Controls and Commercial Energy Codes**

Part 2: ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2015 and IECC 2015

照明控制和商业能源规范

第2部分：ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2015和IECC 2015

**EDUCATION CREDIT**

At the end of this course, participants will be able to complete an online exam, with a passing grade of 70+% to qualify for LEU (NCQLP) credit and 80+% to qualify for LU/HSW hours (AIA/CES). Upon a passing grade, you will be able to download a Certificate of Completion for each type of credits. For LC certification maintenance (LEUs), credits are self reported. For AIA /CES, Lighting Controls Association will report credit earned for this course to AIA CES upon successful completion of the exam.

**教育学分**

在本课程结束时，参与者将能够完成在线考试，通过率为70+%以获得LEU（NCQLP）学分，80+%以获得LU/HSW学时（AIA/CES）。通过评分后，您将能够下载每种学分的结业证书。对于信用证认证维护（LEU），信用证是自报的。对于AIA/CES，照明控制协会将在考试成功后向AIA CES报告本课程的学分。

**NO ENDORSEMENT BY ACCREDITING ORGANIZATIONS**

This course is registered with NCQLP and AIA CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by these organizations of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.

**未经认证机构认可**

本课程在NCQLP和AIA CES注册，用于继续专业教育。因此，它不包括可被视为或解释为这些组织对任何建筑材料或任何处理、使用、分发或处理任何材料或产品的方法或方式的批准或认可的内容。

**COPYRIGHT**

This presentation is protected by US and International copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission of the Lighting Controls Association is prohibited.

**版权**

本演示文稿受美国和国际版权法保护。未经照明控制协会书面许可，不得复制、分发、展示和使用演示文稿。

**DISCLAIMER**

The information contained in this course has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable. Damages arising from errors, omissions or damages as a result of the use or misuse of the data or information contained in this course are not the responsibility of the Lighting Controls Association, National Electrical Manufacturers Association, ZING Communications, Inc. or their employees or members. All information contained in this course is published for professionals seeking information about the subjects contained therein. It is not the intent of this course provide professional services such as design, engineering or consulting. If these services are sought, they should be rendered by properly trained, registered, regulated and insured professionals.

**免责声明**

本课程所包含的资料是从相信可靠的来源获得的。由于使用或误用本课程所含数据或信息而导致的错误、遗漏或损坏，不属于照明控制协会、国家电气制造商协会、ZING通信公司或其雇员或成员的责任。本课程所包含的所有信息都是为专业人士发布的，以寻求有关课程所包含主题的信息。本课程不提供专业服务，如设计、工程或咨询。如果寻求这些服务，则应由经过适当培训、注册、监管和保险的专业人员提供。

**COURSE DESCRIPTION**

Commercial building energy codes regulate the designed energy efficiency of nonresidential buildings. Current codes and standards require a broad range of lighting controls to ensure general lighting is turned OFF or reduced when it is not needed.
In the United States, the majority of energy codes are based on 1) the 90.1 energy standard, published by ASHRAE and the Illuminating Engineering Society, or 2) the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC), published by the International Code Council. Some states, such as California, have developed unique codes.
This Education Express course provides general introductory knowledge about the lighting control requirements imposed by the 2013 version of ASHRAE/IES 90.1 and the 2015 version of the IECC (as initially published, without addenda). This material is provided for general educational purposes only. For complete information, consult the applicable standard/energy code and the authority having jurisdiction. To learn more about the specific energy code applicable to your jurisdiction, contact your local energy office.

**课程描述**

商业建筑节能规范非住宅建筑。现行规范和标准要求有广泛的照明控制，以确保在不需要时关闭或减少一般照明。
在美国，大多数的能源规范是基于1）美国能源标准协会和照明工程协会发布的90.1能源标准，或2）国际规范理事会发布的国际节能规范（IECC）。一些州，如加利福尼亚州，已经开发出独特的代码。
本教育速成课程提供有关2013版ASHRAE/IES 90.1和2015版IECC（最初出版，无附录）规定的照明控制要求的一般入门知识。本材料仅供一般教育之用。有关完整信息，请参考适用的标准/能源规范和有管辖权的机构。若要了解适用于您辖区的特定能源法规的更多信息，请联系您当地的能源办公室。

**LEARNING OBJECTIVES**

At the end of the course, participants will be able to:
recognize energy code requirements applicable to building projects in jurisdictions covered by ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013 and IECC 2015.
discuss and plan lighting control requirements imposed by applicable energy codes.
plan lighting control solutions that comply with ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013.
plan lighting control solutions that comply with IECC 2015.

**学习目标**

课程结束时，学员将能够：
确认适用于ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013和IECC 2015管辖区内建筑项目的能源规范要求。
讨论并规划适用能源规范规定的照明控制要求。
符合ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013的照明控制解决方案计划。
规划符合IECC 2015的照明控制解决方案。

**ENERGY STANDARDS**

Commercial building energy codes regulate the designed energy efficiency of nonresidential buildings. Current codes and standards require a broad range of lighting controls to ensure general lighting is turned OFF or reduced when it is not needed.
In the United States, the majority of energy codes are based on 1) the 90.1 energy standard, published by ASHRAE and the Illuminating Engineering Society, or 2) the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC), published by the International Code Council, each of which are updated every three years. Some states, such as California, develop unique codes.
This Education Express course provides general introductory knowledge about the lighting control requirements imposed by the 2013 version of ASHRAE/IES 90.1 and the 2015 version of the IECC (as initially published, without addenda). This material is provided for general educational purposes only. For complete information, consult the applicable standard/energy code and the authority having jurisdiction. To learn more about the specific energy code applicable to your jurisdiction, contact your local energy office.

**能源标准**

商业建筑能源规范规范了非住宅建筑的设计能源效率。现行规范和标准要求有广泛的照明控制，以确保在不需要时关闭或减少一般照明。
在美国，大多数能源规范是基于1）美国能源标准协会和照明工程协会发布的90.1能源标准，或2）国际规范理事会发布的国际节能规范（IECC），每三年更新一次。一些州，如加利福尼亚州，开发了独特的代码。
本教育速成课程提供有关2013版ASHRAE/IES 90.1和2015版IECC（最初出版，无附录）规定的照明控制要求的一般入门知识。本材料仅供一般教育之用。有关完整信息，请参考适用的标准/能源规范和有管辖权的机构。若要了解适用于您辖区的特定能源法规的更多信息，请联系您当地的能源办公室。

**LIGHTING AND CONTROL REQUIREMENTS AT A GLANCE**

ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013 and IECC 2015 impose prescriptive and mandatory requirements for lighting systems. A broad range of lighting controls is required, which must be functionally tested and documented. The design power must not exceed imposed maximums. Documentation related to the lighting and control system must be turned over to the owner.

**照明和控制要求一览表**

ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013和IECC 2015对照明系统提出了规定性和强制性要求。需要广泛的照明控制，必须进行功能测试和记录。设计功率不得超过规定的最大值。有关照明和控制系统的文件必须交给业主。

**NEW VERSUS EXISTING BUILDINGS**

Sections 9.1.2 (ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013) and C503 (IECC 2015)
ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013 covers lighting alterations in existing buildings in which 10+% of the connected lighting load is replaced, including lamp-plus-ballast retrofits. Regarding interior lighting controls, specifically the standard’s automatic shutoff requirements (Section 9.4.1.1). Regarding exterior lighting controls, specifically the standard’s automatic shutoff based on daylight for dusk-to-dawn lighting [Section 9.4.1.4(a)] or based on time for building façade and landscape lighting [Section 9.4.1.4(b)].
IECC 2015 states that lighting alterations in existing buildings must satisfy all of Section C405’s provisions (which also apply to new construction). An exception is where less than 10% of the luminaires are replaced and these new luminaires do not increase the installed interior lighting power.

**新建筑与现有建筑**

第9.1.2节（ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013）和C503节（IECC 2015）
ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013涵盖了现有建筑物的照明改造，其中10%以上的连接更换照明负载，包括灯和镇流器的改装。关于内部照明控制，特别是标准的自动关闭要求（第9.4.1.1节）。关于外部照明控制，特别是标准的基于黄昏至黎明照明的日光[第9.4.1.4（a）节]或基于建筑立面和景观照明的时间[第9.4.1.4（b）节]的自动关闭。
IECC 2015规定，现有建筑物的照明改造必须满足第C405节的所有规定（也适用于新建筑）。例外情况是，更换的灯具不足10%，且这些新灯具不会增加安装的室内照明功率。

**INTERIOR SPACE CONTROLS**

Sections 9.4.1.1 (ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013) and C405.2.1 and C405.2.2 (IECC 2015)
Each enclosed space must have at least one control device that independently controls general lighting in the space. This may include manual switches, manual-ON or auto-ON-to-<50% occupancy sensors, and manual-ON timer switches. Energy standards encourage space controls that are readily accessible to users but permit remote switches. The area controlled by the switch is limited to ensure only the local area is illuminated.

**内部空间控制**

第9.4.1.1节（ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013）和C405.2.1和C405.2.2节（IECC 2015） 每个封闭空间必须至少有一个独立控制空间内一般照明的控制装置。这可能包括手动开关、手动开启或自动开启至-<50%占用率传感器以及手动开启计时器开关。能源标准鼓励用户可以方便地使用但允许远程开关的空间控制。开关控制的区域受到限制，以确保仅照亮局部区域。

**LIGHT REDUCTION SPACE CONTROL**

All manual controls must be capable of lighting power reduction allowing users to select a light (and power) level between full ON and OFF. This may be accomplished with continuous or step dimming or A/B switching of alternate luminaires, luminaire rows or ballasts. IECC requires that the resulting illumination pattern be relatively uniform.

**减光空间控制**

所有手动控制必须能够降低照明功率，允许用户在完全打开和关闭之间选择一个照明（和功率）级别。这可以通过连续或分步调光或交替灯具、灯具排或镇流器的A/B开关来实现。IECC要求得到的照明模式相对均匀。

ADDITIONAL SPACE CONTROLS

Sections 9.4.1.3 (ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013) and C405.2.4 (IECC 2015)
Additional space controls are required for special lighting types, ensuring they are independently controlled from other lighting in the space.

**其他空间控件**

第9.4.1.3节（ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013）和C405.2.4节（IECC 2015）
特殊照明类型需要额外的空间控制，以确保它们独立于空间中的其他照明。

AUTOMATIC SHUTOFF OF INTERIOR LIGHTING

Sections 9.4.1.1 (ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013) and C405.2.1 and C405.2.2 (IECC 2015)
With few exceptions, interior lighting must be turned OFF when it’s not in use using either a time- or occupancy-based control. Compliant options include lighting controls with scheduling capability, occupancy sensors and signaling from another building system.

**室内照明自动关闭**

第9.4.1.1节（ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013）和C405.2.1和C405.2.2节（IECC 2015）
除了少数例外，当室内照明不使用时，必须使用基于时间或占用的控制关闭。兼容选项包括具有调度能力的照明控制、占用传感器和来自另一建筑系统的信号。

**OCCUPANCY-BASED AUTOMATIC SHUTOFF**

Occupancy sensors may be used in any appropriate space to satisfy requirements for automatic shutoff, but are specifically required in a range of certain smaller, enclosed spaces

**基于占用的自动关闭**

占用传感器可用于任何适当的空间，以满足自动关闭的要求，但在某些较小的封闭空间范围内特别需要

**OCCUPANCY-BASED AUTOMATIC SHUTOFF**

When using occupancy sensors, the lights must turn OFF within 20 minutes (90.1) or 30 minutes (IECC) of the space being vacated. The sensor must be manual-ON or auto-ON-to-<50% of power unless otherwise permitted. If an occupancy sensor is used, a separate manual space control is not required. However, the occupancy sensor must feature a manual ON/OFF switch.

**基于占用的自动关闭**

使用占用传感器时，灯必须在腾出空间的20分钟（90.1）或30分钟（IECC）内关闭。除非另有许可，否则传感器必须手动开启或自动开启至小于50%的功率。如果使用占用传感器，则不需要单独的手动空间控制。但是，占用传感器必须具有手动打开/关闭开关。

TIME-BASED AUTOMATIC SHUTOFF

Where occupancy sensors are not specifically required, time-schedule-based controls (or a signal from another building system) may be used instead of occupancy sensors. In these spaces, the lighting must be capable of being overridden by local space controls. Typically, this would involve a readily accessible manual switch with a two-hour override. While not required by energy standards, users should be warned the lights are about to turn OFF using a visual (i.e., “blink”) or audible signal.

**基于时间的自动关机**

在没有特别要求使用传感器的情况下，可以使用基于时间计划的控制（或来自另一个建筑系统的信号）来代替使用传感器。在这些空间中，照明必须能够被当地的空间控制所覆盖。通常情况下，这将涉及到一个容易接近的手动开关和两个小时的超控。虽然能源标准没有要求，但应使用视觉（即 "闪烁"）或听觉信号来警告用户灯光即将关闭。

**AUTOMATIC LIGHTING REDUCTION (90.1)**

ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013 requires that certain lighting be automatically reduced when it’s not in use. This is referred to in Section 9.4.1.1(g), which requires the lighting to be reduced by at least 50% within 20 minutes of the space becoming unoccupied.

**自动减光 (90.1)**

ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013要求在不使用时自动减少某些照明。这在第9.4.1.1(g)节中提到，要求在无人使用的空间20分钟内至少减少50%的照明。

**DAYLIGHT-RESPONSIVE CONTROL**

Sections 9.4.1.1(e) and (f) (ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013) and C405.2.3 (IECC 2015)
ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013 and IECC-2015 require that general lighting in daylight areas or zones be independently controlled from other general lighting in the same enclosed space. This will depend on whether the load is of sufficient size and sufficient daylight availability is expected.

**日光响应控制装置**

9.4.1.1(e)和(f)节(ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013)和C405.2.3节(IECC 2015)
ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013和IECC-2015规定，日光区或区域内的普通照明应与同一封闭空间内的其他普通照明独立控制。这将取决于负载是否足够大，以及是否有足够的日光供应。

**DAYLIGHT-RESPONSIVE CONTROL**

The dimensions of these daylight areas or zones can be found in the Definitions section of 90.1 (“daylight area”) and in Section C405.2.3 of the IECC. Both standards establish daylight areas or zones adjacent to top lighting (e.g., skylights) and side lighting (e.g., windows). For side lighting, 90.1 imposes requirements for both primary (directly adjacent to vertical fenestration) and secondary daylight areas (directly adjacent to primary daylight areas).
Here’s an example of a primary side lighted/windowed daylight zone (WH = window height, or distance between the floor and the top of the window):

**日光响应控制装置**

这些日光区域或区域的尺寸可以在90.1的定义部分（"日光区域"）和IECC的C405.2.3节中找到。这两个标准都规定了与顶部采光（如天窗）和侧面采光（如窗户）相邻的日照区域或区域。对于侧光，90.1规定了主采光区（直接与垂直围墙相邻）和次采光区（直接与主采光区相邻的要求。下面是一个主要侧光/窗式采光区的例子（WH=窗高，或地面与窗顶之间的距离）。

**DAYLIGHT-RESPONSIVE CONTROL**

The next step is to select appropriate controls for the general lighting in these areas or zones. IECC and 90.1 require automatic lighting controls that reduce controlled lighting in response to daylight. The automatic control may be continuous dimming, step dimming or multilevel switching. The mechanism used to calibrate the photocontrols must be readily accessible.

**日光响应控制装置**

下一步是为这些地区或区域的一般照明选择适当的控制。IECC和90.1要求自动照明控制，根据日光情况减少受控照明。自动控制可以是连续调光、阶梯调光或多级切换。用于校准光控器的机构必须是容易获得的。

**POWER ADJUSTMENT CREDITS (90.1)**

Section 9.6.3 and Table 9.6.3 (ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013)
ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013 provides an incentive to use non-mandatory control options to gain additional wattage that can be used anywhere in the design of the building. These strategies may be applied as long as all mandatory controls are provided. Table 9.6.3 identifies control strategies, space types and associated power adjustment factors that can be used to calculate additional interior lighting power allowance (Wattage of Controlled Luminaires x Control Factor) if using the Space by Space Method.

**功率调整积分 (90.1)**

第9.6.3节和表9.6.3（ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013）。
ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013鼓励使用非强制性控制选项，以获得额外的瓦数，可用于建筑物设计的任何地方。只要提供了所有的强制性控制，就可以采用这些策略。表9.6.3列出了控制策略、空间类型和相关的功率调整系数，如果使用空间法，可用于计算额外的室内照明功率限额（受控灯具的瓦数x控制系数）。

**ADDITIONAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY (IECC)**

Section C406 (IECC 2015)
Buildings complying with IECC 2015 must enhance energy efficiency by implementing one of six options. These options cover on-site renewable energy production, HVAC/hot water enhancements, and lighting and controls. For lighting, lighting power density (LPD) must be achieved that is at least 10% below the model code’s maximum LPD values. For lighting controls, digital controls must be implemented.

**附加能源效率(IECC)**

C406节（IECC 2015）
符合IECC 2015的建筑物必须通过实施六种方案之一来提高能源效率。这些选项包括现场可再生能源生产、HVAC/热水增强，以及照明和控制。对于照明，必须实现照明功率密度(LPD)至少比模型规范的最大LPD值低10%。对于照明控制，必须实施数字控制。

**EXTERIOR LIGHTING**

Sections 9.4.1.4 (ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013) and C405.2.5 (IECC 2015)
Exterior lighting must be turned OFF when it is not used using an astronomical time switch, photosensor or combination of the two. Dusk-to-dawn and other lighting must be reduced afterhours.

**室外照明**

9.4.1.4节(ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013)和C405.2.5节(IECC 2015)
在不使用室外照明时，必须使用天文时间开关、光传感器或两者结合的方式关闭室外照明。黄昏至黎明和其他照明必须在下班后减少。

**CONCLUSIONS**

Commercial building energy codes are becoming increasingly restrictive, particularly in regards to lighting and controls. The latest versions of ASHRAE/IES 90.1 and the IECC contain extensive control requirements that are essentially similar due to harmonization but with some notable differences.
The most common thread is that lighting must be turned OFF or reduced when it’s not used. Occupancy sensors are required in a broad range of spaces, and separate control is required for daylight areas, including, in some cases, secondary areas. The standards impose commissioning requirements including functional testing and documentation. Finally, these standards incentivize installation of a more robust control system as either an enhanced efficiency option or as a method to achieve a higher interior lighting power allowance.

结论

商业建筑的能源法规越来越严格，特别是在照明和控制方面。最新版本的ASHRAE/IES 90.1和IECC包含了广泛的控制要求，这些要求由于协调统一而基本相似，但也有一些显著的差异。
最常见的是，当不使用照明时，必须将其关闭或减少。在广泛的空间中需要使用占位传感器，并且要求对日光区域进行单独的控制，包括在某些情况下的辅助区域。标准规定了调试要求，包括功能测试和文件。最后，这些标准鼓励安装一个更强大的控制系统，作为一种提高效率的选择，或者作为一种实现更高的室内照明功率的方法。

**YOU'RE FINISHED**

This concludes The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems Course EE203: LIGHTING CONTROLS AND ENERGY CODES, Part 2: ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013 and IECC 2015.
Please take a moment to provide feedback about your experience with this course.
You may also take the Comprehension Test to test your learning and to qualify for LEU (NCQLP LC) and LU/HSW (AIA CES) credit. A 70+% passing grade is required for LEU credit and an 80+% passing grade for AIA CES credit. Upon passing the test, you may download a Certificate of Completion on the Courses page. If you are an AIA member, please email your course completion certificate to LCA with your AIA number.
EE203: LIGHTING AND COMMERCIAL ENERGY CODES, Part 2: ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013 and IECC 2015

**你完成了**

美国建筑师协会继续教育系统课程EE203：照明控制和能源法规，第2部分：ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013和IECC 2015，到此结束。
请花点时间提供有关本课程的经验反馈。
您也可以参加理解测试来检验您的学习情况，并有资格获得LEU（NCQLP LC）和LU/HSW（AIA CES）学分。LEU学分要求70％以上的合格成绩，AIA CES学分要求80％以上的合格成绩。通过考试后，您可以在课程页面下载结业证书。如果您是AIA会员，请将您的课程结业证书和您的AIA编号通过电子邮件发给LCA。
EE203：照明和商业能源法规，第2部分：ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013和IECC 2015。