En Passant

En passant is a special move in chess, in which a pawn captures another pawn pawn immediately following after its first move boost as if it had made a normal move. En passant is a weakly forced move, with bricking as its penalty for refusal when legal.

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## Rules

### Capturing En Passant

In general, en passant is legal the turn after a pawn double-moves with its first move boost and lands next to a pawn of opposite color (or identical color in the case of self-passant). To take the first pawn en passant, the second pawn moves one square diagonally forward to the empty space behind the other pawn, resulting in that pawn's capture en passant and removal from the board. A pawn can only be captured en passant on the turn immediately proceeding its first move boost, and if it is not taken on that turn (e.g. if there is no pawn available to capture it en passant on that turn), capturing that pawn en passant becomes unavailable on all subsequent turns.

### En Passant Chains

En passant can be performed with a pawn only once or chained multiple times along the same diagonal in a single turn, provided that the pieces passanted form an unbroken diagonal chain and no pieces obstruct the passanting pawn's path. While the first piece captured in an en passant chain known as the "Pawn of Importance Passanted Initially" or PIPI must be a pawn, pieces of any class may be captured afterword by chained en passant. If a pawn reaches the end of the board during an en passant chain, it is promoted normally.

According to a 161660 ruling, the PIPI for a self-passant is still weakly forced, but not enforced. You can decline without being bricked, but you still must take when under probation.

### Forced Move

Since en passant is weakly forced, if you decline to take en passant when legal, your opponent has the opportunity to brick you, which does not take up a turn. Only the first capture in an en passant chain is forced, and any chained passants are optional, without penalty for declining.

### Special Cases

A pawn cannot move or capture normally and capture en passant in the same turn, and can only capture en passant by moving to an empty square. When the square a pawn needs to move to in order to capture en passant is occupied by another piece, the en passant is blocked, although the pawn may still have the option of normally capturing the piece occupying that space.

If capturing en passant would move you into check, you can choose either to claim a stalemate or decline and accept the penalty. If you're already in check and capturing en passant would not escape the check, you cannot claim a stalemate, and the only way to guarantee avoiding penalty is a resignation.

## Notation and Terminology

In Algebraic Chess Notation, the notation for an en passant capture must be appended with "e.p." (short for en passant) and the move immediately after must be appended with "h.h." (holy hell). Any chained passants following the PIPI must be notated with an additional "x" and the square the passanting pawn moves to in order to make the chained en passant capture.

   The FIDE handbook outlines specific language to formally refer to en passant, so as not to overly respect the Fr\*nch language. "En passant" is generally used as an adjective, but "passant" can act as a noun or verb on its own, and additional forms can be derived by the rules of english grammar.

The noun forms "en passant capture" or "capture by en passant" refers to a move in in which the en passant rule is invoked, both forms can be modified by adding one or more adverbs directly prior to "en" such as in "chained en passant capture" or "capture by chained en passant" or simply shortened to "passant." The verb form "capture [sentence object] en passant" can also be shortened to "passant [sentence object]" and adverbs can be inserted immediately after the sentence object.

### Examples:

* "Magnus used an en passant capture to kill Levy's horsey."
* "Mittens captured the king en passant, that dirty cheater."
* "I passanted your pawn, it's legal, google it."
* "The consequences of a declined passant are seldom worth the benefits."

## History

En passant first originated as a house rule during early playtesting, and according to chess creator Gary Chess, it was first conceived by playtester Jerry Passant to balance out the first move boost rule. However, credit for the move's invention has also been claimed by several other playtesters, including Jerry's brother John Passant, who claimed to have based the rule on his fantasy of genital bricking. The move's exact origins are still disputed, but it is generally accepted to have been invented by either Jerry or John Passant.

The move's name "en passant" is a pun borrowed from the french phrase meaning "in passing" which references the passing motion of the pawn captured, while also sounding like the creator's name.

## Lore

In chess lore, en passant is possible because the passanting pawn moves fast enough to kill the passanted pawn during its first move boost, before it reaches the second square. The passanted pawn never actually reaches its second square, and its visual appearance on the second square is non-canonical. Pawns captured en passant spend the afterlife in holy hell, during which they are repeatedly bricked and crushed by mountains of rice. To avoid the curse of holy hell being placed any surrounding pieces, at least one must say "holy hell" in earshot of the passanting pawn, which could be anywhere within an eight square radius of the passant.

This move was used extensively during the En Passant Wars, when John Passant rebelled against Gary Chess during a millennia-long 69-player chess game with multiverse time travel and nuclear weapons.

## In Memes and Culture

Being a special move with such unusual properties, En Passant is frequently the subject of chess memes.

En passant is a rule often overlooked when learning the rules of Chess, and the reactions of new players after learning en passant are a running joke in the chess community. Such reactions by new players, including "Holy hell," are referenced by "New response just dropped" in the popular "Google en passant" comment chain.

The unusual motions of the pawns during en passant are referenced by other memes in a simplified form.