MOD(ulation) Effects

## Modulation Effects Overview and Demo Video

The Fender Mustang amps and Fender Fuse software are loaded with **14 on-board MOD(ulation) effect "pedals"** (12 unique to the MOD bank, and 2 shared with the STOMP bank). *See Built-In Effects, for high level description of each type of effect.*

* Chorus
	+ Sine Chorus
	+ Triangle Chorus
* Flanger
	+ Sine Flanger
	+ Triangle Flanger
* Tremolo
	+ Vintage Tremolo
	+ Sine Tremolo
* Wah *(also available on STOMP effects bank)*
	+ Wah (Fixed)
	+ Touch-Wah (Dynamic)
* Pitch Shifter
	+ Diatonic Pitch Shifter
	+ Pitch Shifter (Chromatic)
* Other Modulation Effects
	+ Phaser
	+ Step Filter
	+ Vibratone
	+ Ring Modulator

## Sine Chorus

* A chorus pedal copies the signal, changes the pitch of the copy and adds a short delay. The sound wave of the copied signal can be controlled by changing its amplitude, frequency and shape. The shape may be a sine or triangle. A sine chorus changes pitch smoothly.
* Settings:
	+ ​Level – Controls the ratio of the effected and original signals; the “wet/dry mix” (100% = max effect)
	+ Rate – Changes the rate/frequency and creates more pitch modulation
	+ Depth – Changes amplitude/intensity. It changes the amount of delay over the cycle and defines the maximum and minimum delay
	+ Avg. Delay – Sets the average delay, around which the *Depth* works
	+ LR Phase – Left/Right phase
		- Stereo effect utilization requires LINE OUT or multi-speaker Mustang amp combo (IV/V)

## Triangle Chorus

* A triangle chorus changes pitch more abruptly than the sine chorus, otherwise they work identically (see *Sine Chorus*)
* Settings - see *Sine Chorus*

## Sine Flanger

* A Flanger creates a “swooshing” sound by pairing the original signal with a varying frequency copy of the original signal. Emulates the sound of an old studio trick whereby an engineer slows down and speeds up an overdubbed copy of the guitar track
* Settings:
	+ ​Level – Controls the ratio of the effected and original signals; the “wet/dry mix” (100% = max effect)
	+ Rate – Changes the rate/frequency of phase shifting, so that different frequencies are de/emphasized on each pass
	+ Depth – Changes the amplitude/intensity of the copied signal
	+ Feedback – Adjusts the amount that the effected signal is fed back into the effect
	+ LR Phase – Left/Right phase
		- Stereo effect utilization requires LINE OUT or multi-speaker Mustang amp combo (IV/V)

## Triangle Flanger

* A Triangle Flanger changes pitch more abruptly than the Sine Flanger, otherwise they work identically (see *Sine Flanger*)
* Settings - see *Sine Flanger*

## Vibratone

* Creates a Doppler effect of a sound approaching and receding, repeatedly
* Settings:
	+ See *Sine Flanger*
	+ Rotor - Changes the rate/frequency of Doppler effect, so that different frequencies are de/emphasized on each pass

## Vintage Tremolo

* Tremolo increases and decreases the volume at regular intervals
* Settings:
	+ ​Level – Controls the ratio of the effected and original signals; the “wet/dry mix” (100% = max effect)
	+ Rate – Sets the speed/frequency of the modulation
	+ Duty Cycle – Sets the amount of time that the signal spends at the top and bottom of the sound wave. Lower duty cycle produces thinner sounds; higher duty cycle produces thicker sounds
	+ Attack – How quickly tremolo reacts to the signal
	+ Release – Duration of tremolo, after falling back below the threshold

## ​Sine Tremolo

* Tremolo increases and decreases the volume at regular intervals
* Settings:
	+ ​Level – Controls the ratio of the effected and original signals; the “wet/dry mix” (100% = max effect)
	+ Rate – Sets the speed/frequency of the modulation
	+ Duty Cycle – Sets the amount of time that the signal spends at the top and bottom of the sound wave. Lower duty cycle produces thinner sounds; higher duty cycle produces thicker sounds
	+ LFO Clip – Low Frequency Oscillation is the method of modulating the effected signal. LFO Clip will flatten the oscillation peaks and valleys, creating a subtle variation on the “warble”. (0% = No Clipping; 100% = Max Clipping)
	+ Shape – Gradually converts Sine Tremolo to Triangle Tremolo (0% = Sine; 100% = Triangle)

## Ring Modulator

* Creates a highly processed/synthesized electronic sound by multiplying the frequencies of the original and processed signal. Called a ring modulator because the original circuit formed a ring
* Settings:
	+ ​Level – Controls the ratio of the effected and original signals; the “wet/dry mix” (100% = max effect)
	+ Frequency – Adjusts the carrier frequency of the effect (0% = lower frequency; 100% = higher frequency). Sets the speed of the “warble”
	+ Depth – Changes the amplitude/intensity of the copied signal (0% = min intensity; 100% = max intensity)
	+ Shape – LFO Shape (Sine / Triangle)
	+ Phase – Shifts the modified signal out of phase (0% = in phase with original signal; 100% = 180° out of phase)

## Step Filter

* Creates a heavily processed, Doppler-like, swirling sound with periodic changes to amplitude, by multiplying the frequencies of the original and processed signals
* Settings:
	+ ​Level – Controls the ratio of the effected and original signals; the “wet/dry mix” (100% = max effect)
	+ Rate – Changes the rate/frequency of phase shifting, so that different frequencies are de/emphasized on each pass
	+ Resonance – Feedback causing frequencies to amplify themselves. Thickens the sound. (0% = Min Resonance; 100% = Max Resonance)
	+ Min. Freq. – Sets the lowest frequency outputted by the effect. (0% = More low frequencies; 100% = Less low frequencies)
	+ Max. Freq. – Sets the highest frequency outputted by the effect. (0% = Less high frequencies; 100% = More high frequencies)

## Phaser

* called “Phase Shifters” makes a copy of the incoming signal and shifts it out of phase from the original. The phase-shifted copy is then blended back with original, so that the in-phase/out-of-phase relationship can be heard. Gives a “swirling” sound as it gets more extreme.
* Settings:
	+ ​Level – Controls the ratio of the effected and original signals; the “wet/dry mix” (100% = max effect)
	+ Rate – Changes the rate/frequency of phase shifting, so that different frequencies are de/emphasized on each pass
	+ Depth – Changes the amplitude/intensity of the copied signal
	+ Feedback – Adjusts the amount that the effected signal is fed back into the effect
	+ Shape – Sine (smooth) or Triangle (abrupt) changes to the copied signal

## Wah

* Modeled on VOX V847A Wah-Wah (Fixed)
* Wah is a type of guitar effects pedal that alters the tone of the signal to create a distinctive effect, mimicking the human voice, creating a "wacka-wacka" funk styled rhythm or used to boost certain frequencies by keeping it in a single position, emphasizing the "sweet spot" in the tonal spectrum of an instrument.
* Settings:
	+ Mix – Controls the ratio of the effected and original signals; the “wet/dry mix” (100% = max effect)
	+ Freq – High frequency band pass filter (100% = more treble)
	+ Heel/Toe Freq – Sets the highest/lowest frequencies filtered for the virtual heel and toe positions, virtually pivoting the pedal (100% = max treble)
	+ High Q – Band pass filter controlling width of frequencies filtered, affecting tone (On = narrower range, more treble

## Touch Wah

* Modeled on VOX V847A Wah-Wah (Dynamic)
* Adds a “touch” effect that reads signal level (*i.e.,* string strike) and adjusts effect proportionally.
* Settings:
	+ Mix – Controls the ratio of the effected and original signals; the “wet/dry mix” (100% = max effect)
	+ Sensitivity – Controls degree that effect will react to touch (100% = max effect)
	+ Min Freq – Adjusts the frequency the wah relaxes to when your playing volume is at a minimum (100% = max treble)
	+ Adjusts the frequency the wah sweeps to when your playing volume is at a maximum (100% = max treble)
	+ High Q – Band pass filter controlling width of frequencies filtered, affecting tone (On = narrower range, more treble)
* Also known as Envelope Filter.

## Diatonic Pitch Shifter

* Creates a diatonic harmony with the original signal, based on user-designated key, scale and amount of pitch shift
* Settings:
	+ ​Mix – Controls the ratio of the effected and original signals; the “wet/dry mix” (100% = max effect)
	+ Pitch – Selects the precise pitch shift in diatonic steps, from down a full octave to up two octaves
	+ Key – Selects the key from C (at the lowest setting) going up in half-steps to B
	+ Scale – Selects the "modern" scale and associated interval sequences
		- Major / Ionian
		- Dorian
		- Phyrgian
		- Lydian
		- Mixolydian
		- Minor / Aeolian
		- Locrian
		- Harmonic Minor
		- Melodic Minor
	+ Tone – High frequency band pass filter (100% = max treble)

## Pitch Shifter

* Creates a chromatic harmony with the original signal, based on user-designated amount of pitch shift
* Settings:
	+ ​Mix – Controls the ratio of the effected and original signals; the “wet/dry mix” (100% = max effect)
	+ Pitch – Adjusts the pitch shift in 0.2 step increments (-24.0 = down two octaves; +24.0 = up two octaves)
	+ Pre Delay – Adjusts the amount of delay between the original signal and the effected copy
	+ Feedback – Adjusts the amount that the effected signal is fed back into the effect (0% = Min delay; 100% = Max delay)
	+ Tone – High frequency band pass filter (100% = max treble)