recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Macromedia Director 6

**Macromedia Director 6** is the sixth major version of the Director multimedia authoring environment, released on May 27, 1997 by Macromedia. It was also bundled into Macromedia Director 6 Multimedia Studio and Macromedia Authorware 4 Interactive Studio.

## Product history

Director 6 was initially announced for release in March 1997, but was delayed after significant bugs were discovered in a technical review.

**Director 6.5** was released on May 11, 1998 and added QuickTime 3 support, PowerPoint integration, and Java applet creation. It was also available as part of Director 6.5 Multimedia Studio.

## References

1. ↑ Macromedia Ships Director 6 Multimedia Studio, Macromedia. 1997-05-27. Archived 1999-02-03.
2. ↑ Macromedia Announces Availability of Director 6 Multimedia Studio Delayed to Next Quarter, Macromedia. 1997-03-11. Archived 1999-02-03.
3. ↑ Macromedia Announces and Ships Director 6.5 Upgrade, Macromedia. 1998-05-11. Archived 1999-05-08.

## External links

* Director 6 at Macromedia (archived 1997-03-29)
	+ Director 6 Multimedia Studio (archived 1997-03-29)
	+ Director 6.5 product info (archived 1998-06-12)
* Macromedia Director 6 at the Macromedia Wiki
Macromedia Backstage Desktop Studio

**Macromedia Backstage Desktop Studio** is an early "Studio" suite of the Backstage website development tools developed by iBand and released by Macromedia after it had acquired iBand in March 1996.

## Applications

* Macromedia Backstage Designer Plus
* Macromedia Backstage Manager
* Macromedia Backstage Object Server
	+ Backstage Library of Objects

## Product history

In December 1995, iBand first announced Backstage for Windows 3.1, 95 and NT. Beta testing for Windows 95 and NT began in March 1996.

Version 1.0 of Macromedia Backstage Desktop Studio and Enterprise Studio were released as part of a trial beta program in April 1996 and shipped on April 29 and July 1, respectively. The Enterprise version's primary difference is that it includes additional Backstage Objects that support client-server databases while the Desktop version is limited to local desktop databases, such as Borland Paradox, Microsoft Access, and FoxPro. Macromedia released Backstage Xtras Developers Kit later in the year to allow developers to build their own objects.

Backstage Desktop Studio was superseded by Macromedia Backstage Internet Studio 2: Desktop Edition in the first quarter of 1997.

## Awards

Backstage version 1.0 was selected as a Pick Hit at the NAB Show in April 1996 and received a World Class Award from *Java Developers Journal* in December 1996. It was *NetGuide'*s Editor's Choice in January 1997.

## References

1. ↑ Macromedia goes Backstage, CNET. 1996-03-13.
2. ↑ Web vendors introduce development advances by Nick Wingfield, *InfoWorld*. 1995-12-11.
3. ↑ Macromedia to pay $32M shares for web software firm iBand, *Computer Business Review*. 1996-03-19.
4. ↑ Backstage magic conjures sophisticated Web sites by Mike Heck, *InfoWorld*. 1996-04-15.
5. ↑ Macromedia launches Backstage web development line, *Computer Business Review*. 1996-06-27.
6. ↑ Macromedia Ships Backstage Products, Powerful Tools for Building Dynamic Web Sites, Macromedia. 1996-04-29. Archived 1999-09-10.
7. ↑ Macromedia Ships Backstage Enterprise Studio, Powerful Tools for Building Database-Driven Web Sites, Macromedia. 1996-07-01. Archived 1999-08-19.
8. ↑ Desktop apps get more Web tools by Pardhu Vadlamudi at *Info World*. 1996-12-16.
9. ↑ The Word on Backstage, Macromedia. Archived 1997-03-29.

## External links

* Backstage Developers Center support at Macromedia (archived 1997-03-29)
* Creating Web Sites with Macromedia's Backstage Desktop Studio by Dennis Hamilton, *Web Publishing: Professional Reference Edition*, ch.13. (1997)
* Macromedia Backstage Desktop Studio at the Macromedia Wiki
Macromedia Authorware 5

**Macromedia Authorware 5** is the fifth major version of Authorware. It was released by Macromedia solely for Windows on September 15, 1998. A runtime player application was provided for end users on Macintosh systems.

## Version history

The initial release of Authorware 5 was branded **Authorware 5 Attain**, which was co-marketed with Dreamweaver Attain, Attain Objects and Pathware Attain to develop web learning content under the Macromedia Attain Enterprise Learning System.

Version 5.1, was released on October 11, 1999. The last update was version 5.2, which was released on November 15, 2000 and also included as part of Macromedia Web Learning Studio.

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Macromedia ships Authorware 5 Attain and Dreamweaver Attain, Macromedia. 1998-09-15. Archived 2000-09-29.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 An Overview of Authorware 7 — and Its Evolution by Joseph Ganci, *The eLearning Developer's Journal*, p.5-6. 2003-09-22.
3. ↑ Macromedia Authorware 5 Attain and Dreamweaver Attain, *PC World*. 1998-10-02.
4. ↑ The Macromedia Attain Enterprise Learning System by Joseph Ganci, Authorware.com. Accessed 2019-11-03.
5. ↑ Macromedia introduces new Web Learning Studio, Macromedia. 2000-11-15. Archived 2001-01-10.

## External links

* Authorware 5.1/ 5.2 at Macromedia (archived 2000-08-15 / 2000-12-15)
	+ Authorwave 5 Attain developers center (archived 1999-05-08)
	+ Authorware 5.1 Updates (archived 1999-11-28)
	+ Web Learning instructional authoring solutions (archived 1999-05-08)
* Authorware Attain (v. 5.0) - box pack (version upgrade) - 1 user Specs at CNET
* Macromedia Authorware 5 at the Macromedia Wiki

### Books

* *The Ultimate Authorware Attain Tutorial* by Richard S. Schifman et.al., Springer-Verlag. 1999. ISBN: 978-3-642-64164-0
James Von Ehr

**James R. Von Ehr II** (born June 2, 1950) is an American programmer and entrepreneur who co-founded Altsys in Richardson, Texas in December 1984. He served as its chairman and CEO until the company was acquired by Macromedia in January 1995.

Altsys became the Digital Arts Group of Macromedia and Von Ehr remained as group vice president and general manager until 1997. He became a major shareholder of Macromedia and was a board member until 1998.

## References

1. ↑ Macromedia completes acquisition of Altsys by Bloomberg News, *The New York Times*. 1995-01-25.
2. ↑ Macromedia to buy Altsys Corp. by Jim Rosenberg, *Editor and Publisher*. 1994-11-05.
3. ↑ Macromedia, Inc. History, Funding Universe. Accessed 2019-11-21.
4. ↑ Jim Von Ehr, Zyvex Labs. Accessed 2019-11-21.

## External links

* James Von Ehr at Science History Institute
* James Von Ehr at the Macromedia Wiki
* James R. Von Ehr II at Wikipedia

### Articles

* Spartan Profiles: James R. Von Ehr, II by Robert Bao at Michigan State University (2004)
* Nanotechnology Pioneer James Von Ehr To Chair Development Board at U. T. Dallas at the University of Texas at Dallas (2005-11-18)
Jonathan Gay

**Jonathan Gay** is an American programmer and entrepreneur. He was the last Chief Technology Officer of Macromedia before it was acquired by Adobe Systems in December 2005.

## History

Gay is an engineering graduate of Harvey Mudd College. He previously created *Airborne!*, *Dark Castle*, and *Beyond Dark Castle* at Silicon Beach Software, which was acquired by Aldus Corporation, where he developed Aldus IntelliDraw. In 1993, he co-founded FutureWave Software, where he developed SmartSketch, which evolved into FutureSplash Animator. FutureSplash was demonstrated to Adobe Systems, which did not express interest in the product. In January 1997, FutureWave was acquired by Macromedia, where Gay became vice president of technology, leading development on Macromedia Flash. He did not join Adobe and left Macromedia. Gay has since co-founded Greenbox Technologies and Explory.

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Executive Bios, Macromedia. Archived 2004-06-04.
2. ↑ Adobe Completes Acquisition of Macromedia, Adobe Systems. 2005-12-05. Archived 2005-12-07.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Jon Gay: Geek of the Week by Richard Morris, Red Gate Hub. 2016-01-27.
4. ↑ Macromedia Rides the FutureWave by Kristi Coale, *Wired*. 1997-01-06.
5. ↑ Jonathan Gay, LinkedIn. Accessed 2019-11-14.

## External links

* Jonathan Gay at Crunchbase
* Jonathan Gay at Encyclopaedia Britannica
* Jonathan Gay at the Dark Castle Wiki
* Jonathan Gay at the Macromedia Wiki
* Jonathan Gay at Wikipedia
MacroMind Director 3

**MacroMind Director 3** is the third major version of the Director multimedia authoring environment, which was developed by MacroMind, predecessor of Macromedia.

## Product history

* **MacroMind Director 3.0** was released by MacroMind-Paracomp in 1991, solely for Macintosh.

* **MacroMind Director 3.1** was released by Macromedia in late 1992, adding support for Apple Computer's new QuickTime media technology and expanding the Lingo scripting language. A utility called Gaffer allowed Director movies to be converted to a format that could be played back on Windows-based computers through MacroMind Windows Player.
* **Macromedia Director 3.1.3** was released in February 1993. Macromedia Director Player 3.1.3 for Windows was released separately with improved performance and functionality to achieve playback parity with the Macintosh version. Additional players were developed for 3DO Interactive Multiplayer, FM Towns, IRIX, OS/2, and OS-9 (no relation to Apple).

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 MacroMind Director take 3: same cast, better action by Doug and Denise Green, *InfoWorld*, p.89. 1991-08-05.
2. ↑ Early Tests by Michael Scaramozzino, *Creating a 3D Animated CGI Short*, p.6. 2011.
3. ↑ Reviews, *InfoWorld* p.78. 1992-12-28 / 1993-01-04.
4. ↑ Director 3.1 adds QuickTime, Lingo functions, Accelerator by Doug and Denise Green, *InfoWorld*, p.81. 1992-11-02.
5. ↑ Macromedia Director 3.1 (3.1.3), *Macworld* vol.11, p.192. 1993.
6. ↑ Director for Windows upgraded to Mac level by Kelley Damore, *InfoWorld*, p.17. 1993-05-31.

## External links

* Director 3 Features & Revisions at Zeus Productions (1997)
* MacroMind Director 3 at the Macromedia Wiki
GoLive CyberStudio 3

**GoLive CyberStudio 3** was the third major version of the GoLive graphical website editor, released in April 1998 for Macintosh by GoLive Systems.

## Product history

CyberStudio 3 was available in Personal and Professional editions. The Japanese version was distributed by Software Too.

CyberStudio 3 was the last version to be released by GoLive Systems before being acquired by Adobe Systems in January 1999.
It was briefly retitled **Adobe CyberStudio** before being superseded by Adobe GoLive 4.

## References

1. ↑ GoLive CyberStudioの世界へようこそ。 (Japanese), Software Too. Archived 1998-12-06.
2. ↑ Adobe Systems Acquires GoLive Systems, CyberStudio by Scott Clark, *Internet News*. 1999-01-11.
3. ↑ Adobe Products, Adobe Systems. Archived 1999-01-17.

## External links

* GoLive CyberStudio 3 at GoLive Systems (archived 1998-05-02)
Macromedia Exchange

**Macromedia Exchange** was a set of online marketplaces for extensions that worked with Macromedia's software applications.

## History

Macromedia Exchange was launched in April 2000 to supply object-based extensions to users of Macromedia Dreamweaver 3. Downloads were controlled through Macromedia Extension Manager which later added support for other Macromedia applications.

Macromedia was acquired by Adobe Systems in December 2005. The marketplace was renamed Adobe Exchange and was expanded to support Adobe's Creative Suite.

## References

1. ↑ Macromedia unites family of products with new extensions, Macromedia. 2000-10-25. Archived 2001-02-11.
2. ↑ Adobe Completes Acquisition of Macromedia, Adobe Systems. 2005-12-05. Archived 2005-12-07.
3. ↑ What Is a ZXP File? by Tim Fisher, Lifewire. 2019-09-22.

## External links

* Macromedia Exchange for Dreamweaver at Macromedia (archived 2000-05-10, 2000-08-15, 2003-02-07)
* Adobe Exchange App Marketplace at Adobe
	+ Adobe Exchange and more… at Adobe Blogs
* Macromedia Exchange at the Macromedia Wiki
Macromedia Director 7 Shockwave Internet Studio

**Macromedia Director 7 Shockwave Internet Studio** was a "Studio" software suite, released by Macromedia on December 7, 1998.

## Applications

* Macromedia Director 7
	+ Macromedia Shockwave 7
* Macromedia Fireworks 1
* BIAS Peak LE (for Macintosh)
	+ Sonic Foundry Sound Forge XP4 (for Windows)

## References

1. ↑ Macromedia ships Director 7 Shockwave Internet Studio and Dreamweaver 2, Macromedia. 1998-12-07. Archived 1999-11-10.

## External links

* Director 7 Shockwave Internet Studio product info at Macromedia (archived 1999-02-20)
* Macromedia Director 7 Shockwave Internet Studio at the Macromedia Wiki
Macromedia Director MX 2004

**Macromedia Director MX 2004** was the tenth major version of the Director series of multimedia authoring environments. It was also the last version produced by Macromedia before being acquired by Adobe Systems in December 2005.

Though Director MX 2004 offered tight integration with other applications in Macromedia Studio MX 2004, it was not included as part of the suite itself as Flash MX 2004 was the more popular web authoring environment. It was superseded by Adobe Director 11 in March 2008.

## Product history

**Version 10.0** was released on February 12, 2004. New features included support for DVD video, addition of JavaScript syntax alongside Lingo scripting, improved performance, and expanded media support.

**Version 10.1** was released in September 2004. Memory leaks were fixed to improve stability. Run-time projectors for Mac OS 9 could be produced from the Windows version. Compression of media was also improved for projector playback.

### Legacy activation

Adobe Systems, which had acquired Macromedia in December 2005, disabled the activation server for legacy Macromedia products on December 15, 2012. Users who wish to activate Director MX 2004 after this date will need to follow this procedure.

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Adobe Completes Acquisition of Macromedia, Adobe Systems. 2005-12-05. Archived 2005-12-07.
2. ↑ Director MX 2004 / Features, Macromedia. Archived 2004-06-03.
3. ↑ Director MX 2004 Release Notes / Fixes and Improvements for Director MX 2004 Update, version 10.1, Macromedia. Archived 2004-09-21.
4. ↑ Activation error | Macromedia branded products, Adobe Systems. Archived 2013-10-10.

## External links

* Macromedia Director MX 2004 at Adobe (archived 2006-05-02)
	+ Error: Unable to activate | Macromedia products
* Macromedia Director MX 2004 at Macromedia (archived 2004-01-13)
	+ Director MX 2004 Update (version 10.1) (archived 2004-09-17)
* Macromedia Director MX 2004 at the Macromedia Wiki
Macromedia Contribute (version 1)

**Macromedia Contribute 1.0** is the first version of Contribute, released by Macromedia on December 3, 2002. It was also bundled with Macromedia Studio MX Plus.

## Product history

Contribute was based on the HTML authoring engine from Macromedia Dreamweaver MX. The initial release supported Windows only. Support for Mac OS X would be added in version 2, released in 2003.

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Macromedia Contribute now available, Macromedia. 2002-12-03. Archived 2004-02-02.
2. ↑ Macromedia Contribute: System Requirements, Macromedia. Archvied 2002-11-14.
3. ↑ Contribute (2): System Requirements, Macromedia. Archvied 2003-07-31.

## External links

* Macromedia Contribute at Macromedia (archived 2002-11-13, 2003-04-01)
* Macromedia Contribute 1 at the Macromedia Wiki
FrameReader 1

**FrameReader 1.0** was the first version of the FrameReader / FrameViewer read-only applications for viewing FrameMaker documents.

## Product history

FrameReader was released by Frame Technology for Windows in 1992 and 24 Unix platforms by 1993. It could navigate hyperlinks in documents as an early competitor to Adobe Acrobat.

## References

1. ↑ FrameMaker Windows due by Jeanette Borzo, *Info World* p.15. 1992-02-03.
2. ↑ Frame adds Verity text retrieval to viewing software by Jeanette Borzo, *Info World* p.23. 1992-06-29.
3. ↑ FrameReader: The Key to the Paperless Library? by James Karney, *PC Magazine* p.46. 1993-02-09.

## External links

* Does a FrameMaker Reader/Viewer exist? at FrameUsers (2013-03-08)
Lasso tool

The **Lasso** tool allows a selection to be made by drawing a freeform outline. This tool is useful for selecting with gesture-like motions, and to follow contours.

In the toolbox, the Lasso is grouped with the Polygonal Lasso and the Magnetic Lasso

### Controls

* Selection tool common controls

Like the Brush, the Lasso can be used in a segmented mode by holding down Alt/Option. While using the modifier key, clicking will designate an endpoint for a new segment; releasing the modifier key will complete the selection. This is similar to the function of the Polygonal Lasso.

## See also

* Pen, which can make similar freeform regions by use of paths
Macromedia Breeze Presentation

**Macromedia Breeze Presentation** is an e-learning application from Macromedia, released in 2003 after its acquisition of Presedia in January. It replaced Presedia Express Communicator and was superseded by Macromedia Breeze Presenter, which later became Adobe Presenter.

## References

1. ↑ Macromedia buys Presedia by Dennis Sellers, *Macworld*. 2003-01-17.
2. ↑ Macromedia Acquires Presedia, Inc., Macromedia. Archived 2003-04-01.
3. ↑ Adobe Presenter, Adobe Systems. Archived 2006-12-08.

## External links

* Macromedia Breeze/ (4.0)/ (4.1) at Macromedia (archived 2003-02-28 / 2003-08-01 / 2004-06-19)
	+ Macromedia Breeze Presentation Platform (archived 2003-08-12)
	+ Macromedia Breeze Presentation (archived 2003-02-28, 2004-06-27, 2004-10-12)
* Macromedia Breeze Presentation at the Macromedia Wiki

### Articles

* PowerPoint Repurposing: Flash, Director, Java and SVG by Geetesh Bajaj at *Indezine* (2003-02)
Jennifer in Paradise

"**Jennifer in Paradise**" is a scanned photo that was included with early versions of Adobe Photoshop as a demo image.

## Origin

Photoshop co-creator John Knoll took a photo of his fiancée Jennifer in Bora Bora while on vacation after completing work on the film *Who Framed Roger Rabbit* in 1987. The photo was scanned on an early flatbed scanner at Apple Computer's Advanced Technology Group research laboratory.

## References

1. ↑ Jennifer in paradise: the story of the first Photoshopped image by Gordon Comstock, *The Guardian*. 2014-06-13.

## External links

* The story behind the first Photoshop image by Rich McCormick at *The Verge* (2014-06-16)
Erik Neumann

**Erik Neumann** is a software engineer that worked on VideoWorks II and developed the Lingo scripting language with John Henry Thompson at MacroMind.

Neumann received a BA in Mathematics from Oberlin College, Ohio in 1978, and an MBA from the University of Chicago in 1984. He was the vice-president of engineering at MacroMind for 5 years before moving on to Apple Computer and then Kaleida Labs.

## References

1. ↑ An Unofficial Brief History of Director by Luke Wigley, Lingo Workshop. 2017-01-27.
2. ↑ About Me by Erik Neumann, My Physics Lab. Archived 2009-07-18.

## External links

* My Physics Lab by Erik Neumann
* Erik Neumann at the Macromedia Wiki
Macromedia Dreamweaver UltraDev 1

**Macromedia Dreamweaver UltraDev (version 1)** is an advanced version of Dreamweaver 3 from Macromedia with additional features to support building ASP, JSP, or ColdFusion applications.

## Product history

Dreamweaver UltraDev was announced on May 8, 2000 as a replacement for Macromedia Drumbeat 2000. It was released on June 7 at the JavaOne 2000 conference in San Francisco.

Each copy of UltraDev was bundled with a single-user license of Allaire ColdFusion 4.5 Server and a tightly integrated version of HomeSite 4.5 (for Windows) or BBEdit (for Macintosh). Ultradev was also included as part of Macromedia Dreamweaver UltraDev Fireworks 3 Studio.

It was superseded by Dreamweaver UltraDev 4 (skipping version numbers so that the UltraDev and Dreamweaver version numbers would be consistent).

## References

1. ↑ Macromedia introduces Dreamweaver UltraDev, Macromedia. 2000-05-08. Archived 2000-06-19.
2. ↑ Macromedia ships Dreamweaver UltraDev, Macromedia. 2000-06-07. Archived 2000-07-11.
3. ↑ ColdFusion Integration with Macromedia Dreamweaver UltraDev, Macromedia. Archived 2001-04-13.
4. ↑ Macromedia Dreamweaver UltraDev Features, Macromedia. Archived 2000-10-07.
5. ↑ Dreamweaver UltraDev Fireworks 3 Studio, Macromedia. Archived 2000-09-18.

## External links

* Macromedia Dreamweaver UltraDev at Macromedia (archived 2000-08-15)
	+ Comparing Macromedia Dreamweaver and Dreamweaver UltraDev (archived 2000-08-22)
* Dreamweaver UltraDev Support Center: 1.0 Release Notes at Adobe
* Macromedia Dreamweaver UltraDev 1 at the Macromedia Wiki

### Articles

* Capsule Review: Dreamweaver UltraDev by Mel Beckman at Macworld (2000-09-30)
Jamie Fenton

**Jamie Faye Fenton** (born **Jay Fenton**) is one of the co-founders of MacroMind, the predecessor of Macromedia, which was acquired by Adobe Systems in December 2005. Fenton was part of the original team behind MacroMind VideoWorks, which evolved into Macromedia Director.

Fenton gained early acclaim in 1981 as the creator of *Gorf*. The MacroMind company was named after one of the characters in *Gorf*. She was drawn to computer technology while in school because its highly predictable nature appealed to her and provided a haven from being bullied by other students. Jamie transitioned from male to female around 1998 and has been active in the transgender community.

## References

1. ↑ Marc Canter's Work and Careers by Chris Jacques, *Intro. to Multimedia*. Archived 2006-04-23.
2. ↑ Adobe Completes Acquisition of Macromedia, Adobe Systems. 2005-12-05. Archived 2005-12-07.
3. ↑ An Unofficial Brief History of Director by Luke Wigley, Lingo Workshop. 2017-01-27.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Secrets of Ms. Gorf by Annalee Newitz, *Metro Silicon Valley*. 2001.
5. ↑ Gorf Classic, *Classic Videogame Hardware Genius Guide*. 2011.
6. ↑ *The Birth of MacroMind* by Marc Canter, p.63. Festival Ars Electronica. 2003-08.

## External links

* Jamie Fenton at Fentonia
* Jay Fenton at the Internet Movie Database
* Jamie Faye Fenton at MobyGames
* Jamie Faye Fenton at Twitter
* Jamie Fenton at YouTube
* Jamie Fenton at the Engineering and Technology Wiki
* Jamie Fenton at the Macromedia Wiki
* Jamie Fenton at Wikipedia
Macromedia FlashPaper 2

**Macromedia FlashPaper 2** is the second (and last) major version of FlashPaper to be released by Macromedia. It was also packaged with Macromedia Contribute 3, Macromedia Studio 8, and Adobe Web Bundle.

## Product history

Adobe Systems acquired Macromedia in December 2005 and announced in 2008 that development on FlashPaper was being discontinued. Support from Adobe for FlashPaper users ended on August 1, 2011.

### Legacy activation

Adobe disabled the activation server for legacy Macromedia products on December 15, 2012. Users who wish to activate FlashPaper 2 after this date will need to follow this procedure.

## References

1. ↑ Macromedia Contribute 3 key features, Macromedia. 2004-07-20,
2. ↑ Adobe Web Bundle, Adobe Systems. Archived 2005-12-07.
3. ↑ Adobe Completes Acquisition of Macromedia, Adobe Systems. 2005-12-05. Archived 2005-12-07.
4. ↑ FlashPaper from Adobe (end of development), Adobe Systems. Archived 2008-09-06.
5. ↑ FlashPaper Support Center, Adobe Systems. Archived 2011-08-03.
6. ↑ Activation error | Macromedia branded products, Adobe Systems. Archived 2013-10-10.

## External links

* Macromedia FlashPaper 2 at Adobe (archived 2006-05-02, 2011-04-08)
	+ FlashPaper Support Center (archived 2011-08-03)
	+ Error: Unable to activate | Macromedia products
* Macromedia FlashPaper 2 at Macromedia (archived 2004-07-21, 2006-04-28)
* Macromedia FlashPaper 2 at the Macromedia Wiki
Macromedia Dreamweaver 1

**Macromedia Dreamweaver 1.0** is the first public release of Dreamweaver by Macromedia.

## Product history

* **Version 1.0** for Macintosh was announced on October 6, 1997. It was released on December 8, 1997 with full versions of BBEdit 4.5 and Allaire HomeSite 3.
* **Version 1.2** added support for Windows on April 21, 1998 and was also bundled as part of Macromedia Web Essentials.

## References

1. ↑ Macromedia Introduces Dreamweaver, Macromedia. 1997-10-06. Archived 1999-02-19.
2. ↑ Macromedia Ships Dreamweaver, Macromedia. 1997-12-08. Archived 1999-02-04.
3. ↑ Macromedia Introduces Dreamweaver 1.2, Macromedia. 1998-04-21. Archived 1999-02-18.
4. ↑ Macromedia announces Dreamweaver and Fireworks "Web Essentials" promotion, Macromedia. 1998-09-01. Archived 1999-02-19.

## External links

* Dreamweaver 1.2 support center at Macromedia (archived 1998-06-13)
	+ Dreamweaver (1.2) release notes (1998-07-08, archived 1999-02-02)
* Macromedia Dreamweaver 1.0 and 1.2 at the Web Design Museum
* Macromedia Dreamweaver 1.2 at Internet Related Technologies (IRT)
* Macromedia Dreamweaver 1 at the Macromedia Wiki
HomeSite 1

**HomeSite 1.0** is the first version of the HomeSite HTML editing tool that was created by independent programmer Nick Bradbury in July 1996.

## Product history

Bradbury had originally written HomeSite in Delphi for speed and compactness to maintain his online comic website, *Dexter*. After he notified some shareware sites about it, he discovered HomeSite had been downloaded over a thousand times during the first night.  It was also positively received by trade magazines. Microsoft made the first offer to acquire HomeSite, but Bradbury ended up taking a counter-offer from Allaire in March 1997 and continued working on HomeSite as a commercial product for 18 months.

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Born to Code, Part II by Nick Bradbury, TypePad. 2006-04-13.
2. ↑ Web Publishing Teaches New Tricks by Nill Machrone, *PC Magazine*. 1997-02-18.

## External links

* History of HomeSite at Allaire (archived 2000-12-17)
* HomeSite 1 at the Macromedia Wiki
* Macromedia HomeSite: Versions at Wikipedia
Macromedia Fireworks 3

**Macromedia Fireworks 3** is the third major version of Fireworks, released by Macromedia on December 9, 1999.

It was also included in the following suites:

* Macromedia Web Design Studio (versions 1 and 2)
* Macromedia Dreamweaver 3 Fireworks 3 Studio
* Macromedia Dreamweaver UltraDev Fireworks 3 Studio

## References

1. ↑ Macromedia ships Macromedia Dreamweaver 3 Fireworks 3 Studio, Macromedia. 1999-12-09. Archived 2000-02-29.

## External links

* Macromedia Fireworks 3 at Macromedia (archived 2000-08-15, 2000-08-29)
	+ Hot new features in Fireworks 3 (archived 2000-03-02)
* Macromedia Fireworks 3 at the Macromedia Wiki
Macromedia DevCon

The **Macromedia Developer Conference**, formerly **Allaire Developer Conference** and shortened to **DevCon**, is a series of events organized by Allaire Corporation, and later Macromedia for users of its web development products.

## History

The Allaire Developer Conference was predated by a ColdFusion User Conference that was held in July 24-26 1998 at Fort Collins, Colorado.

### Events

* Allaire Developer Conference 1999 — Boston, Massachusetts — October 24-26, 1999
* Allaire Developer Conference 2000 — Washington, D.C. — November 5-8, 2000
* Macromedia DevCon 2001 — Lake Buena Vista, Florida — October 21-24, 2001
* Macromedia DevCon 2002 — Lake Buena Vista, Florida — October 27-30, 2002
* Macromedia DevCon 2002 Japan — Tokyo, Japan — November 19-20, 2002

In 2003, DevCon was combined with the Macromedia User Conference (UCON) to form Macromedia MAX.

## References

1. ↑ Macromedia announces DevCon 2001, Macromedia. 2001-05-23. Archived 2001-08-22.
2. ↑ ColdFusion Time Capsule by Cameron Childress, Flickr. 2006-08-17.
3. ↑ Previous Events:, ColdFusion User Conference Central. Accessed 2020-07-30.
4. ↑ Macromedia announces MAX 2003 conference, Macromedia. 2003-09-22. Archived 2003-09-24.

## See also

* Dreamweaver Conference, held November 13-14, 2000.
* Macromedia Web World, held in 2000 and 2002.

## External links

* Allaire Developer Conference 1999 at Allaire (archived 1999-10-09)
	+ Allaire Developer Conference 2000 (archived 2000-11-09)
	+ Macromedia DevCon 2001 (archived 2001-10-04)
* Macromedia DevCon 2002 at Macromedia (archived 2002-10-20)
	+ Macromedia DevCon 2002 Japan (Japanese) at Macromedia Japan (archived 2002-12-04)
* Macromedia DevCon at the Macromedia Wiki
Mike Schuster

**Michael Schuster** is an engineer at Adobe Systems who was responsible for early development of Adobe Illustrator.

Adobe co-founder John Warnock spearheaded the Illustrator project, acting as the designer, while Schuster implemented the architecture and key features, such as the pen tool and display rasterizer. Steve Schiller later joined the development team.

Schuster adapted the rasterizer from Illustrator into a separate codebase named the "Smart Art Library" (SAL) which formed the basis of project "Carousel", which would eventually become Adobe Acrobat.

## References

1. ↑ David Gelphman on Adobe, PostScript, and General Magic by Rene Ritchie, iMore. 2013-06-19.
2. ↑ How long does it take to master at the pen tool in Adobe Illustrator? by Stephen Scholnik, Quora. 2019-04-02.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Desktop Publishing Pioneer Meeting Day 2 Session 6: Adobe (PDF) by Burt Grad and David C. Brock, Computer History Museum. 2017-05-23.
4. ↑ On the Carousel by M. Pell, Medium. 2018-07-14.

### Patents

* Patent US6304677B1: Smoothing and fitting point sequences by Michael Schuster, Adobe Inc. 1998-04-07.

## External links

* Mike Schuster's research while affiliated with Adobe Systems Inc at ResearchGate
* Mike Schuster at WorldCat
Digital Negative

**Digital Negative** (DNG) is a patented, open, lossless raw image format written by Adobe for use with digital photography. Adobe's license allows use without cost on the condition that the licensee prominently displays text saying it is licensed from Adobe in source and documentation, and that the license may be revoked if the licensee brings any patent action against Adobe or its affiliates related to the reading or writing of files that comply with the DNG Specification.

## History

DNG was launched on September 27, 2004. The launch was accompanied by the first version of the DNG specification, plus various products, including a free-of-charge DNG converter utility. All Adobe photo manipulation software (such as Adobe Photoshop and Adobe Lightroom) released since the launch supports DNG. In 2016, Apple added DNG support to iOS 10 for iPhone 6S, iPad Pro, and later models with at least a 12-megapixel camera.

## References

1. ↑ Digital Negative (DNG). Adobe Systems Incorporated.
2. ↑ Adobe Unifies Raw Photo Formats with Introduction of Digital Negative Specification. Adobe Systems (September 27, 2004).
3. ↑ Digital Negative (DNG) Specification (PDF). Adobe.
4. ↑ Pearson, Barry. Adobe products that support DNG.
5. ↑ How to Use DNG Files on Your iPhone With Lightroom Mobile, RAW or ProCam 4 by Andrew S. Gibson, Digital Photography School. 2016-11-12.

## External links

* Digital Negative (DNG) at Adobe
* Digital Negative at the Photoshop Wiki
* Digital Negative at Wikipedia
FrameMaker 5

**FrameMaker 5** is the last version of the FrameMaker document processor that was released by Frame Technology before being acquired by Adobe Systems in October 1995.

## Release history

* **FrameMaker 5.0** was released in September 1995. Subsequent updates were rebranded after the acquisition was completed in October 1995, starting on January 16, 1996 with Adobe FrameMaker+SGML for Mac, Windows, and Unix platforms.
* **Adobe FrameMaker 5.1** was released on February 13, 1996 for Digital Unix, IBM AIX, and SGI IRIX. Versions for Windows 95 and NT were released on June 3, 1996.
* **Adobe FrameMaker 5.1.2** was a maintenance release in early 1997 that added certification for Windows NT 4.0.
* **Adobe FrameMaker 5.5** was released on September 2, 1997 and was considered a major upgrade.
* **Adobe FrameMaker 5.5.3** was released on October 3, 1997, fixing software bugs.
* **Adobe FrameMaker 5.5.6** was released on November 6, 1998. It added plug-ins with the ability to import Microsoft Word 8 and PDF files, and export XML files. Other new features included double-byte asian character support and ODMA support.

About screen of FrameMaker 5 for WindowsBox of Adobe FrameMaker 5.1Front of Adobe FrameMaker 5.5 boxBack of Adobe FrameMaker 5.5 box
## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 With HTML, FrameMaker 5.0 Lets You Publish on the Web by James Karney, *PC Magazine* p.54. 1995-09-12.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 FrameMaker 5 reworks online publishing by Mike Heck, *Info World* p.96. 1996-06-29.
3. ↑ Adobe Systems Ships Adobe FrameMaker+SGML, Adobe Systems. 1996-01-16. Archived 1996-10-22.
4. ↑ Adobe Systems Ships FrameMaker 5 for Digital UNIX, IBM AIX and Silicon Graphics IRIX, Adobe Systems. 1996-02-13. Archived 1996-10-22.
5. ↑ Adobe Systems Announces Adobe FrameMaker For Windows 95 and NT, Adobe Systems. 1996-06-03. Archived 1996-10-22.
6. ↑ Adobe Announces Availability of FrameMaker 5.5 for Windows, Macintosh and UNIX, Adobe Systems. 1997-09-02. Archived 1997-11-10.
7. ↑ Adobe FrameMaker 5.5.3 is here, Adobe Systems. Archived 1998-02-13.
8. ↑ Version 5.5.6 of Adobe FrameMaker is here, Adobe Systems. Archived 1999-01-17.

## External links

* Adobe FrameMaker 5 at Adobe (archived 1996-10-27)
	+ Adobe FrameMaker 5.1.2 (archived 1997-02-01)
	+ Adobe FrameMaker 5.5 (archived 1998-02-04)
	+ Adobe FrameMaker 5.5.3 (archived 1998-02-13)
	+ Adobe FrameMaker 5.5.6 (archived 1999-01-17)
* FrameMaker development - versions 4.0 to 6.0 at Docu + Design Daube, Zürich (2019-08-20)
	+ FrameMaker 5 quick reference for Unix (PDF, 1995-05)
	+ Using FrameMaker 5 for Unix (PDF, 1995-05)
	+ What's New in FrameMaker (5.0) (PDF, 1995-05)
	+ FrameMaker 5.5 release notes (PDF, 1997-08-15)
Mac OS

**Mac OS** may refer to one of the following operating systems developed by Apple Inc. for their Macintosh platform:

* **Classic Mac OS**, originally released in January 1984.
* **Mac OS X**, officially debuted in March 1999, code named "Rhapsody".
* **macOS**, officially debuted in September 2016 as 10.12 "Sierra".
Dreamweaver objects

**Dreamweaver objects** are HTML files that use JavaScript through Dreamweaver's application programming interface (API) to generate code to insert into a user's web page.

## Objects marketed by Macromedia

* Macromedia Attain Objects for Dreamweaver
* Macromedia CourseBuilder for Dreamweaver
* Macromedia Dreamweaver Objects for Aria

## External links

* Working with Objects in Dreamweaver by Laura Gutman at Peachpit (2001-08-20)
	+ Creating Your Own Objects and Behaviors in Dreamweaver by Anne-Marie Yerks, John Pickett, Blaine Tait (2001-11-09)
Macromedia Dreamweaver MX

**Macromedia Dreamweaver MX** (release 6) is a version of Dreamweaver that was released by Macromedia on May 29, 2002. It was also available as part of Macromedia Studio MX.

## Features

Dreamweaver MX included a version of Macromedia HomeSite+ to support application development with Macromedia ColdFusion MX.

## Product history

The preview version of Dreamweaver MX was downloaded over 530,000 times before its public release in May 2002.

Though Dreamweaver MX is the fifth major release, its version was renumbered to 6 to match the underlying release number of Flash MX in the Studio MX suite.[confused?]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Macromedia Dreamweaver MX now available, Macromedia. 2002-05-29. Archived 2002-06-11.
2. ↑ Macromedia Studio MX now available, Macromedia. 2002-05-29. Archived 2002-06-04.
3. ↑ Macromedia HomeSite, Macromedia. Archived 2002-06-04
4. ↑ Macromedia HomeSite Dreamweaver MX FAQ, Macromedia. Archived 2002-06-04
5. ↑ Dreamweaver Support Center: Updates: Dreamweaver MX, Adobe. Accessed 2020-08-06.

## External links

* Macromedia Dreamweaver MX at Macromedia (archived 2002-08-03)
	+ Getting Started with Dreamweaver MX (PDF) by Macromedia (2002-06)
* Dreamweaver MX Release Notes at Adobe
* Dreamweaver MX Blog by Matt Brown
* Macromedia Dreamweaver MX at the Macromedia Wiki
Fauve Matisse

**Fauve Matisse** was a natural painting application that was released by Fauve Software in 1993. Some of its features formed the foundation of Macromedia xRes and later, Fireworks.

## History

Matisse is noted as being the first commercial application to use the concept of layers in computer graphics editing, preceding Adobe's own implementation in Adobe Photoshop 3. Layers presented a new way of moving portions of objects within a bitmapped image, while allowing the overlapping elements to remain separate. A "Light" version of Matisse 1.2.5 was bundled as a demo with computer magazine CD-ROMs.

After its acquisition of Fauve in 1995, Macromedia briefly continued to market Matisse and xRes from Fauve's existing product line. The features of Matisse's painting and layer features were then combined with the xRes high-resolution image editing engine into what would become Macromedia xRes 2.

## References

1. ↑ Alumni Achievers: Richard Krueger (M.S. 1989) by Anna Rzewnicki, NC State University Computer Science. 2004-07.
2. ↑ Macromedia Matisse by Kyle S., Southwest Cyperport. 1996-10-24. Archived 2001-03-06.
3. ↑ Fauve Matisse 1.x, WinWorld. Accessed 2019-10-28.
4. ↑ Fauve Matisse - commercial use by D\_\_Henryk, Adobe Support Community. 2017-11-02.
5. ↑ Macromedia launches enchanced Matisse as xRes, insists that it adds value to Adobe Photoshop, Computer Business Review. Archived 1996-02-06.

## External links

* xRes TechNotes at Macromedia (archived 1996-10-27)
* Fauve Matisse by Paolo Limoncelli at Daub (2018-05-08)
* Fauve Matisse by John Hooker at Past Times and Present Tensions (2014-09-04)
* Fauve Matisse at the Macromedia Wiki
John Knoll

**John Knoll** is a visual effects supervisor who co-created Adobe Photoshop.

While John was a young employee at Industrial Light & Magic in 1988, his brother Thomas Knoll created a simple program named Display 0.07 to show simulated grayscale graphics on a Macintosh Plus computer. John convinced Thomas to to turn Display into a full image editing application. John then met with executives at Barneyscan, Apple Computer, and finally Adobe Systems, to help close a distribution deal that would eventually lead to Adobe Photoshop 1.0. During development, he also created plug-ins for Photoshop.

Knoll used a 1987 vacation photo of his fiancée Jennifer at Bora Bora as the first demonstration image for early versions of Photoshop.

## References

1. ↑ Celebrating Photoshop’s 25th anniversary by Martin Evening, Jeff Schewe, *Amateur Photographer*. 2015-02-17.
2. ↑ Thomas and John Knoll by Jeff Schewe, *Photoshop News*, originally published in *PEI Magazine*. 2000-09.
3. ↑ Jennifer in paradise: the story of the first Photoshopped image by Gordon Comstock, *The Guardian*. 2014-06-13.

## External Links

* John Knoll at the Computer History Museum
* John Knoll at the International Photography Hall of Fame and Museum
* John Knoll at the Internet Movie Database
* John Knoll at LucasFilm
	+ John Knoll at Industrial Light & Magic
* John Knoll at the USC World Building Institute
* John Knoll at the Photoshop Wiki
* John Knoll at Wookieepedia
* John Knoll at Wikipedia
FrameMaker 1

**FrameMaker 1.x** is the first version of the FrameMaker document processor that was released by Frame Technology.

## Product history

Frame Technology co-founder Charles Corfield started work on what became FrameMaker while in need of better software tools to write his dissertation.

The oldest known public version is 1.11b which was released for Unix in 1986. Version 1.3 was released in 1988 and added support for X Windows.

## References

1. ↑ About the founders of Frame Technology by Docu + Design Daube, Zürich. 2019-10-08. Accessed 2019-12-08.
2. ↑ Frame Technology Corporation, BusinessWiki. Accessed 2019-12-08.

## External links

* FrameMaker development - until version 3.0 at Docu + Design Daube, Zürich (2017-04-05)
Kevin Lynch

**Kevin M. Lynch** is an American software developer, and former Chief Technology Officer of Adobe Systems.

## Education

Lynch graduated from Lincoln-Way Central High School in New Lenox, Illinois. He attended the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) College of Engineering as an undergraduate student, where he studied computer science and interactive computer graphics and worked in the UIC College of Engineering’s Electronic Visualization Laboratory. In 2017, Lynch was awarded an honorary Doctor of Engineering degree by UIC for his work in software development.

## Career

Lynch first joined Macromedia in 1996.
He then co-founded teleconferencing software company Presedia with Keith Kitani in 1999. After Presedia was acquired by Macromedia in January 2003, Lynch became executive vice president and Chief Software Architect of Macromedia.

### Adobe Systems

After Adobe acquired Macromedia in December 2005, Lynch became Chief Technology Officer of Adobe on February 5, 2008. In 2010, Lynch entered into a highly-publicized disagreement with Apple CEO Steve Jobs over the merits of Flash on mobile devices. Lynch even co-starred in a parody video in which he participated in the destruction of an Apple iPhone. Ironically, Jobs attempted to secretly recruit Lynch in the process. Lynch left Adobe on March 22, 2013 without a successor to the CTO position.

### Apple

In May 2013, Lynch joined Apple, where he led development on the Apple Watch as Vice President of Technology. In 2021, Lynch had reportedly been transferred to work on Apple's electric car project.

## Gallery

Kevin Lynch at Macromedia circa 2003Adobe MythHackersKevin Lynch and Johnny Loiacono destroy an iPhoneApple’s VP of Technology Receives Honorary Doctor of Engineering Degree
## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kevin Lynch, Adobe Chief Technology Officer, To Join Apple by Poornima Gupta, Reuters, *Huffington Post*. 2013-05-20.
2. ↑ UIC Engineering (2018-04-24). Apple’s VP of Technology Receives Honorary Doctor of Engineering Degree. YouTube. Retrieved on 2018-05-08.
3. ↑ Kevin M. Lynch Receives Honorary Doctor of Engineering – UIC College of Engineering (en-US) (2017-05-18).[DEAD LINK]
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Kevin Lynch, Macromedia. Archived 2003-10-05.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Macromedia buys Presedia by Dennis Sellers, *Macworld*. 2003-01-17.
6. ↑ About Presidia, Presidia. Archived 2001-02-20.
7. ↑ Adobe Completes Acquisition of Macromedia, Adobe Systems. 2005-12-05. Archived 2005-12-07.
8. ↑ Adobe Names Kevin Lynch Chief Technology Officer, Macromedia. 2008-02-05.
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Kevin Lynch says Steve Jobs tried recruiting him to Apple after Flash debate by Zac Hall, 9to5Mac. 2015-12-28.
10. ↑ Apple Watch lead Kevin Lynch reportedly transferred to 'Apple Car' team by Wesley Hilliard, AppleInsider. 2021-07-16.

## External links

* Kevin Lynch personal homepage
* Kevin Lynch at Adobe (archived 2013-03-18)
* Kevin Lynch at LinkedIn
* Kevin Lynch at Macromedia (archived 2005-11-02)
* Kevin Lynch at Twitter
* Kevin Lynch at the Apple Wiki
* Kevin Lynch at the Macromedia Wiki
* Kevin Lynch (computing) at Wikipedia
Golden master

**Golden master**, or **GM**, is used to identify software that is near nearing the end of its development cycle. After the beta testing stage, a golden master is seeded to developers to confirm the absence of significant bugs before it is released to manufacturing or commercial distribution.

A golden master may be preceded as a **release candidate** (RC), referred to as going "silver", in which the code is frozen and any remaining bugs are noted, before **release to manufacturing** (RTM), referred to as going "gold", in which the software is cleared for release.

## References

1. ↑ Golden Master (GM), Techopedia. Accessed 2020-05-19.
2. ↑ Golden Master, The Tech Terms Computer Dictionary. Accessed 2020-05-19.

## External links

* Go gold at the Free On-Line Dictionary Of Computing
* Golden Master at the Tech Terms Computer Dictionary
* Golden master at the Apple Wiki
* Software release life cycle: Release at Wikipedia
Macromedia Director 5

**Macromedia Director 5** is the fifth major version of the Director multimedia authoring environment, announced on March 4, 1996 by Macromedia. It was also bundled as part of Macromedia Director Multimedia Studio 2, which shipped later that month.

## References

1. ↑ Macromedia Raises Industry Standard with Director 5, Macromedia. 1996-03-04. Archived 1999-09-10.
2. ↑ Director 5.0 to ship this month, CNET. 1996-03-04.
3. ↑ New Macromedia Director Multimedia Studio 2 Offers the Best Multimedia Products, at the Best Price, Macromedia. 1996-03-04. Archived 1999-09-10.

## External links

* Director 5 at Macromedia (archived 1996-10-27)
	+ Director Developers Center support (archived 1997-03-29)
	+ Director Multimedia Studio (archived 1996-10-27)
* Macromedia Director 5 at the Macromedia Wiki
Photoshop.com

**Photoshop.com** was an online media hosting and sharing service that was operated by Adobe Systems.

## Services

* **Plus** was a set of online services first offered to users of Adobe Photoshop Elements 7 in 2008 and through Photoshop Elements 10. It was no longer offered when Photoshop Elements 11 was released in 2012.
* **Adobe Carousel** was an online app and sharing service that was launched from Photoshop.com in September 2011. It was renamed to Revel the following year. The services were shut down on February 23, 2016 and Adobe recommended that users migrate their media to Adobe Creative Cloud's Photography Plan.

* **Photoshop Express Editor** was a simplified version of Photoshop that could be run in a browser by Photoshop.com users.

The Photoshop.com URL presently redirects to the Adobe Photoshop homepage.

## References

1. ↑ Photoshop.com membership details, Adobe Systems. Archived 2008-08-29.
2. ↑ Adobe Photoshop Elements 10 Plus / Features, Adobe Systems. Archived 2011-09-26.
3. ↑ Plus account type discontinued? What? Bought mine yesterday! by George Knochel, Photoshop Community. 2012-04-09.
4. ↑ Photoshop Elements: PSE 10 - Plus Account not working by aharshas, Photoshop Community. 2012-01-20.
5. ↑ Adobe launches Carousel cloud-based photo app by Jackie Dove, *Macworld*. 2011-09-07.
6. ↑ New Update: Adobe Carousel Now Named Adobe Revel! by Chris Quek, Photoshop Blog. 2012-01-10.
7. ↑ Adobe kills off its photo-sharing service Revel by Jackie Dove, *Macworld*. 2015-11-19.

## External links

* Photoshop.com (archived 2010-06-10)
* Photoshop.com at the Photoshop Wiki
Emerald City Software

**Emerald City Software** was a software developer in Menlo Park, California that was acquired by Adobe Systems on March 26, 1990.

## Products

* Displaytalk
* Lasertalk
* Smart Art
* TypeAlign
* Type Reunion

## References

1. ↑ Adobe to Buy Emerald City Software, *InfoWorld* p.3. 1990-03-19.
2. ↑ Adobe Systems completes acquisition of Emerald City Software, Computer Business Review. 1990-03-26.
Encapsulated PostScript

**Encapsulated PostScript** (**EPS**) is a PostScript document format that conforms to Document Structuring Conventions (DSC) in order to be usable as a graphics file format. EPS files are more-or-less self-contained, reasonably predictable PostScript documents that describe an image or drawing and can be placed within another PostScript document. An EPS file is essentially a PostScript program, saved as a single file that includes a low-resolution preview "encapsulated" within it, allowing some programs to display a preview on the screen.

An EPS file contains a *BoundingBox* DSC comment, describing the rectangle containing the image described by the EPS file. Applications can use this information to lay out the page, even if they are unable to directly render the PostScript inside.

EPS, together with DSC's Open Structuring Conventions, form the basis of early versions of the Adobe Illustrator Artwork file format.

## External links

* Encapsulated PostScript — File Format Specification, Version 3.0 by Adobe Systems (1992-05-01, archived 2015-09-20)
	+ PostScript vs. PDF: Why do we offer two printing technologies? How do they differ? by David Evans (archived 2008-05-20)
* What is Encapsulated PostScript? by Peter Weingartner, *A First Guide to PostScript* (2006-02-24)
* EPS: a programming language by MJ Rutter, University of Cambridge (2005)
* Encapsulated PostScript at the Apple Wiki
* Encapsulated PostScript at Wikipedia