Bill Keith

**William Bradford "Bill" Keith** (December 20, 1939 – October 23, 2015) was a five-string banjoist who made a significant contribution to the stylistic development of the instrument. In the 1960s he introduced a variation on the popular "Scruggs style" of banjo playing (an integral element of bluegrass music) which would soon become known as melodic style, or "Keith style".

## Professional career

Keith was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He attended Amherst College and graduated in 1961. In 1963 he became a member of Bill Monroe's Bluegrass Boys. Keith's recordings and performances during these nine months with Monroe permanently altered banjo playing, and his style became an important part of the playing styles of many banjoists. After leaving the Bluegrass Boys, he joined "Jim Kweskin Jug Band" playing plectrum banjo. He began playing the steel guitar and soon after 1968, found himself working together with Ian and Sylvia and Jonathan Edwards. In the 1970s Keith recorded for Rounder Records. Over the years he performed with several other musicians, such as Clarence White and David Grisman in Muleskinner, Tony Trischka, Jim Rooney and Jim Collier. Today, Keith style is still regarded as modern or progressive in the context of bluegrass banjo playing. He was inducted into the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame at an awards ceremony in Raleigh, NC on October 1, 2015 and delivered a heartfelt address on that occasion, just three weeks prior to his death. He died of cancer on October 23, 2015.

## Afterwards

"Auld Lang Syne"

Bill Keith playing a banjo equipped with Keith Pegs

Keith made a mechanical contribution to the banjo, as well. He designed a specialized type of banjo tuning peg that facilitates changing quickly from one open tuning to another, while playing. Earlier famed banjoist Earl Scruggs had designed a set of cams which were added to the banjo to perform this task. Keith's invention made the extra hardware unnecessary, replacing two of the tuning machines already on the banjo — a more elegant solution. Scruggs himself became a partner in the venture for a while, and the product was known as "Scruggs-Keith Pegs". Known today simply as Keith Pegs, they remain the state of the art, and Bill Keith continued to manufacture and market them personally as the primary product of his own company, the Beacon Banjo Company, until his death. Beacon Banjo tuners continue their proud tradition, now in the hands of his son, Martin.

## Discography

1962 Bill Keith & Jim Rooney, *Bluegrass Livin' on the Mountain*, Prestige Folklore FL 14002

1976 Bill Keith, *Something Auld, Something Newgrass, Something Borrowed, Something Bluegrass* (1976) Rounder - CD 0084, 1998 (feat. Tony Rice, David Grisman)

1978 Bill Keith and Jim Collier, Hexagone 883020

1981 Tony Trischka, Bill Keith, Bela Fleck, *Fiddle Tunes for Banjo*, Rounder 0124 CD 1999

1984 Bill Keith, *Banjoistics* Rounder Select OG US - 148

1993 Bill Keith, *Beating Around The Bush Green*, Linet.

**With Bill Monroe**

1963 Bill Monroe & his Bluegrass Boys *Deca Session, 20 & 27 Mars 1963* reed. CD 3/4, plages 1 à 7 in : *Bluegrass 1959-1969*, Bear Family BCD 15529 (CD 1991)(feat. Del McCoury, guitar; Bill Keith, banjo; Kenny Baker, fiddle; Bessie Lee Mauldin, Bass; Harry Silverstein, producer)

1963 Bill Monroe & his Bluegrass Boys *July 1963: Two Days at Newport*, And More Bears AMD / ACDAA 25001(CD 2003) (feat. Del McCoury, guitar; Bill Keith, banjo; Billy Baker, fiddle; Ralph Rinzler, Bass, producer)

1963 Bill Monroe & his Bluegrass Boys "Live at Mechanic Hall" Acoustic Disc, ACD-59 (CD 2004), (recorded 11 November 1963 by David Grisman; feat. Del McCoury, guitar; Bill Keith, banjo; Joe Stuart, fiddle; Bessie Lee Mauldin, Bass)

**Bands**

1964 Red Allen, Frank Wakefield and Kentuckians, *The Bluegrass*, Folkways Records – FA 2408 CD 2004 Smithsonian Folkways Recordings SFW40127

1969 - The Bee Gees, *Odessa*, Polydor Records (UK), Atco Records (US)

1969 - Blue Velvet Band, *Sweet Moments With The Blue Velvet Band*, Warner Bros. Records WS-1802

1972 Mudacres, *Music Among Fiends* 1972, Rounder 3001

1973 Muleskinner, *A Pot pourri of Bluegrass Jam*, Warner Bros. records BS 2787 (feat. Peter Rowan, Clarence White, David Grisman)

1973 *Muleskinner Live: Original Television Soundtrack*, released in 1998, Sierra MSI-11059

1975 Jim Rooney, *One day at the Time*, Rounder Records, 3008

1975 - 1976 Bill Keith & Jim Rooney, in *Banjo Paris Session* vol. 1 Pony/Musigrass; Cezame CEZ 1005 & vol 2 Cezame CEZ 1022

1976 *The David Grisman Rounder Record* (1976) reed. CD 0069, 1986 (feat. Tony Rice)

1985 Peter Rowan *The First Whippoorwill*, Sugar Hill, reed. CD 1990 SHCD 3749

1995 Richard Greene, *The Grass is Greener*, Rebel Records 1995 REB CD 1714

## Notes

1. ↑ Bill Keith: Information and Much More from Answers.com
2. ↑ Trischka, Tony, "Bill Keith", *Banjo Song Book*, Oak Publications, 1977
3. ↑ http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/27/arts/music/bill-keith-who-transformed-banjo-playing-dies-at-75.html?\_r=0
4. ↑ Red Allen, Frank Wakefield And Kentuckians,1964 FA 2408, Bill Keith plays on: A3, A5, B1, B3-5
5. ↑ Red Allen, Frank Wakefield, The Folkways Years, 1964-1983, SFW40127, Bill Keith plays on: 103, 105, 107, 109-111,114,116,118

## References

* Tony Trischka, Pete Wernick, *Masters of the 5-String Banjo*, Oak Publications, (1988)
* Neil V. Rosenberg,Charles K. Wolfep *The Music of Bill Monroe*, University of Illinois Press, 2007, p. 148-151, discography p. 168 sq. Bill Keith is identified as: "Bradford Keith".
* "Bill Keith" in *The Encyclopedia of Country Music, The Ultimate Guide to the Music*, ed. by The Country Music Foundation and Paul Kinsbury, Oxford University Press, 1998, p. 276.

## External links

* Bill Keith's website
* Banjo workshop - Grey Fox 2003
* another bio
* Bill "brad" Keith on the *Bluegrass boys'* pages
* Tribute page with audio and video

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