recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Beaver

**Beavers** (genus ***Castor***) are large, semiaquatic rodents of the Northern Hemisphere. There are two existing species: the North American beaver (*Castor canadensis*) and the Eurasian beaver (*C. fiber*). Beavers are the second-largest living rodents, after capybaras, weighing up to 50 kg (110 lb). They have stout bodies with large heads, long chisel-like incisors, brown or gray fur, hand-like front feet, webbed back feet, and tails that are flat and scaly. The two species differ in skull and tail shape and fur color. Beavers can be found in a number of freshwater habitats, such as rivers, streams, lakes and ponds. They are herbivorous, consuming tree bark, aquatic plants, grasses and sedges.

Beavers build dams and lodges using tree branches, vegetation, rocks and mud; they chew down trees for building material. Dams restrict water flow, and lodges serve as shelters. Their infrastructure creates wetlands used by many other species, and because of their effect on other organisms in the ecosystem, beavers are considered a keystone species. Adult males and females live in monogamous pairs with their offspring. After their first year, the young help their parents repair dams and lodges; older siblings may also help raise newly-born offspring. Beavers hold territories and mark them using scent mounds made of mud, debris, and castoreum—a liquid substance excreted through the beaver's urethra-based castor sacs. Beavers can also recognize their kin by their anal gland secretions and are more likely to tolerate them as neighbors.

Historically, beavers have been hunted for their fur, meat, and castoreum. Castoreum has been used in medicine, perfume, and food flavoring; beaver pelts have been a major driver of the fur trade. Before protections began in the 19th and early 20th centuries, overhunting had nearly exterminated both species. Their populations have since rebounded, and they are listed as species of least concern by the IUCN Red List of mammals. In human culture, the beaver symbolizes industriousness, especially in connection with construction; it is the national animal of Canada.
Bathroom

A **bathroom** or **washroom** is a room, typically in a home or other residential building, that contains either a bathtub or a shower (or both). The inclusion of a wash basin is common. In some parts of the world e.g. India, a toilet is typically included in the bathroom; in others, the toilet is typically given a dedicated room separate from the one allocated for personal hygiene activities. In the United States, the word 'bathroom' is often used to refer to any room (i.e a toilet, or restroom) that contains a toilet, regardless of the inclusion of a bath or shower.

Historically, bathing was often a collective activity, which took place in public baths. In some countries, the shared social aspect of cleansing the body is still important, for example with *sento* in Japan and the "Turkish bath" (also known by other names) throughout the Islamic world.
Big Nate (disambiguation)

* Big Nate (comic strip)
* Big Nate (TV series)

Disambiguation page for Big Nate (disambiguation)The following is a list of links to pages that might share the same title.Please follow one of the disambiguation links below or search to find the page you were looking for if it is not listed. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.
Bellevue Square

**Bellevue Square** is a shopping center in Bellevue, Washington. The mall has over 200 retail stores with anchors Macy's and Nordstrom. Bellevue Square also offers concierge services, valet parking, and a children's play area. It and the connecting Lincoln Square comprise The Bellevue Collection.

Bellevue Square attracts over 23 million visitors annually (as of 2014) and had sales of over $1,000 per square foot in 2016.

Bellevue Square is among the minority of class A malls that are privately held and not owned by a public Real Estate Investment Trust.
Avestan alphabet

The **Avestan alphabet** (Middle Persian: transliteration: *dyn' dpywryh*, transcription: *dēn dēbīrē*, Persian: دین دبیره, romanized: *din dabire*) is a writing system developed during Iran's Sasanian era (226–651 CE) to render the Avestan language.

As a side effect of its development, the script was also used for Pazend, a method of writing Middle Persian that was used primarily for *Zend* commentaries on the texts of the Avesta. In the texts of Zoroastrian tradition, the alphabet is referred to as "the religion's script" (*dēn dibīrih* in Middle Persian and *din dabireh* in New Persian).

## Letters

Later, when writing Middle Persian in the script (i.e. Pazend), another consonant 𐬮 was added to represent the /l/ phoneme that didn't exist in the Avestan language.
Banana

A **banana** is an elongated, edible fruit – botanically a berry – produced by several kinds of large herbaceous flowering plants in the genus *Musa*. In some countries, bananas used for cooking may be called "plantains", distinguishing them from **dessert bananas**. The fruit is variable in size, color, and firmness, but is usually elongated and curved, with soft flesh rich in starch covered with a rind, which may be green, yellow, red, purple, or brown when ripe. The fruits grow upward in clusters near the top of the plant. Almost all modern edible seedless (parthenocarp) bananas come from two wild species – *Musa acuminata* and *Musa balbisiana*. The scientific names of most cultivated bananas are *Musa acuminata*, *Musa balbisiana*, and *Musa* × *paradisiaca* for the hybrid *Musa acuminata* × *M. balbisiana*, depending on their genomic constitution. The old scientific name for this hybrid, *Musa sapientum*, is no longer used.

*Musa* species are native to tropical Indomalaya and Australia, and are likely to have been first domesticated in New Guinea. They are grown in 135 countries, primarily for their fruit, and to a lesser extent to make fiber, banana wine, and banana beer, and are sometimes even grown as ornamental plants. The world's largest producers of bananas in 2017 were India and China, which together accounted for approximately 38% of total production. As of 2023, India was producing nearly 30.5 million tons of bananas each year, a little less than 20 million tons more than China.

Worldwide, there is no sharp distinction between "bananas" and "plantains". Especially in the Americas and Europe, "banana" usually refers to soft, sweet, dessert bananas, particularly those of the Cavendish group, which are the main exports from banana-growing countries. In the US, as of 2019, these bananas, by poundage, are the most consumed fresh fruit. By contrast, *Musa* cultivars with firmer, starchier fruit are called "plantains". In other regions, such as Southeast Asia, many more kinds of banana are grown and eaten, so the binary distinction is not as useful and is not made in local languages.

The term "banana" is also used as the common name for the plants that produce the fruit. This can extend to other members of the genus *Musa*, such as the scarlet banana (*Musa coccinea*), the pink banana (*Musa velutina*), and the Fe'i bananas. It can also refer to members of the genus *Ensete*, such as the snow banana (*Ensete glaucum*) and the economically important false banana (*Ensete ventricosum*). Both genera are in the banana family, Musaceae.
Advanced and retracted tongue root

In phonetics, **advanced tongue root** (**ATR**) and **retracted tongue root** (**RTR**) are contrasting states of the root of the tongue during the pronunciation of vowels in some languages, especially in Western and Eastern Africa, but also in Kazakh and Mongolian. ATR vs RTR was once suggested to be the basis for the distinction between tense and lax vowels in European languages such as German, but that no longer seems tenable.
Bola Kampung

***Bola Kampung*** (***Robokicks*** in English; international title: ***Football Kids***) is a Malaysian animated television series, revolves around the kampung boys who are passionate in football. The series, spanned with 6 seasons and 78 episodes, aired from 2006 to 2010 on TV2 and it is viewed in more than 16 countries including Indonesia, Brunei, Thailand, Singapore, Philippines, Vietnam and Turkey.
Balantak language

**Balantak** is an Austronesian language spoken at the head of the eastern peninsula of Sulawesi. It is classified as a member of the Saluan-Banggai branch of the Celebic subgroup. The Balantak language is the primary language of the Balantak people. Although 90% of the population are also proficient in Indonesian, the vernacular is still vigorously used in everyday contexts, and most children only speak Balantak before entering school.

## Phonology

Balantak has the following phoneme inventory:

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Only occur in loanwords

Vowels

Sequences of like vowels are phonetically realized as long vowels, e.g. *toop* [tɔ:p] 'cigarette', *nuur* [nu:r] 'coconut'.
Bell (typeface)

**Bell** is the name given to a serif typeface designed and cut in 1788 by the punchcutter Richard Austin for the British Letter Foundry, operated by publisher John Bell, and revived several times since.

The Bell typeface has a precise appearance that features stylish contrasts between thick and thin strokes and ball terminals on many letters; it was influenced by the radical Didone styles of type becoming popular on the continent, in particular the work of the Didot family. However, it is less severe in design, somewhat similar to the earlier Baskerville and slightly later Bulmer typefaces. The figures are distinctive for being at fixed height, or lining, at approximately three-quarter the height of the capitals, in contrast to earlier numerals of variable height. The figures have a number of elaborate details reminiscent of the steely calligraphy of the period, and the slight inclination of some of them led Walter Tracy to suggest that Austin was following a written example. In italic, like Baskerville, several letters have flourishes.

After a short initial period of popularity, the face fell into disuse in Britain and Austin's later typefaces are quite different in style, although copies in the United States became popular around the early twentieth century with artisan printers. Its history was studied by the historian Stanley Morison in the late 1920s and early 1930s, whose employer, the Monotype Corporation, created a 1931 revival, particularly popular for printing on high-quality paper. Morison praised Austin for his "exceptional technical gift" and described his Bell typeface as "surpassing all previous English and continental type-cutting in precision [and maintaining] independence equally against Bodoni and Baskerville".

Besides the digitisation of the Bell face by Monotype, an alternative professional adaptation of the Austin face in optical sizes by Paul Barnes and others under the name of "Austin" is available sold by Commercial Type. As of 2017, it is used by *The Daily Telegraph* among others. Austin's original matrices came into the possession of Stephenson Blake, and are now in the Type Museum collection in London.
Balloon (typeface)

**Balloon** was a brush script commonly used for signage or display purposes. It was designed in 1939 by Max R. Kaufmann, for American Type Founders, in response to Howard Allen Trafton's **Cartoon**, cut for Bauer Type Foundry in 1936. It had no lowercase letters and was cast in Light, Bold, and Extra Bold. The two lighter weights were identical with Kaufmann Script and so could be used as alternate capitals for that face. It was most notably used in the *Madeline* books, TV series and film. The font was most famously known for the typeface of the Nickelodeon logo from late 1984 to 2009 in white letters with an orange splat background.

This font was digitized by the now-defunct Bitstream Inc.
Bahing language

**Bahing** (also known as **Paiwa, Dungmowa, Rukhusalu, Waripsawa, Timriwa, Dhimriwa, Nayango, Dhayango, Khaliwa/Khaluwa, Rendukpa/Rendu, Rungbu**) is a language spoken by 14449 people (census 2021) of the Bahing ethnic group in Nepal. It belongs to the family of Kiranti languages, a subgroup of Sino-Tibetan.

The group Rumdali is also known as Nechali among some of them.

## Phonology

Bahing and the related Khaling language have synchronic ten-vowel systems. The difference of [mərə] "monkey" vs. [mɯrɯ] "human being" is difficult to perceive for speakers of even neighboring dialects, which makes for "an unlimited source of fun to the Bahing people" (de Boer 2002 PDF).

### Consonants

* Bahing has its unique sound /ɓ/ ळ.
* Nowadays use ट, ठ, ड, ढ, have disappeared or are less used.
Bench

A **bench** is a long seat on which multiple people may sit at the same time. Benches are typically made of wood, but may also be made of metal, stone, or synthetic materials. Many benches have back rests, while others do not and can be accessed from either side. Arm rests are another common feature. In many American public areas, benches may be donated by persons or associations, as indicated by an affixed plaque, a common form of memorial to a deceased person (see memorial bench). Benches may be placed outdoors or indoors, but are more often found outdoors.
Basque language

**Basque** is the last surviving Paleo-European language spoken indigenously in Europe, predating the Indo-European languages of the Bronze Age invasion of Europe from the Eurasian steppe by pastoralists whose descendant languages dominate the continent today. Basque is spoken by the Basques and other residents of the Basque Country, a region that straddles the westernmost Pyrenees in adjacent parts of northern Spain and southwestern France. Linguistically, Basque is classified as a language isolate, as a relationship to any of the other known extinct pre-Indo-European languages of Europe has not been established, nor is it related to the later arriving Indo-European languages. The Basques are indigenous to, and primarily inhabit, the Basque Country. The Basque language is spoken by 28.4% (751,500) of Basques in all territories. Of these, 93.2% (700,300) are in the Spanish area of the Basque Country and the remaining 6.8% (51,200) are in the French portion.

## Phonology

### Vowels

The Basque language features five vowels: /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/ and /u/ (the same that are found in Spanish, Asturian and Aragonese). In the Zuberoan dialect, extra phonemes are featured:

* the close front rounded vowel /y/, graphically represented as ⟨ü⟩;
* a set of contrasting nasal vowels.

There is no distinctive vowel length in Basque, although vowels can be lengthened for emphasis. The mid vowels /e/ and /o/ are raised before nasal consonants.

Basque has an a-Elision Rule, according to which the vowel /a/ is elided before any following vowel. This does not prevent the existence of diphthongs with /a/ present.

There are six diphthongs in Basque, all falling and with /i̯/ or /u̯/ as the second element.

### Consonants

1. ↑ Basque's two rhotics only contrast when between vowels, where the trill is written as *-rr-* and the tap as *-r-*. When a suffix is added to a word ending in *-r*, a trill is generally used, as in *ederrago* 'more beautiful', from *eder* 'beautiful' and *-ago*. There is a small number of words which are exceptions to this rule, with de Rijk listing the following ten common ones: *zer*, *ezer*, *nor*, *inor*, *hor*, *paper*, *plater*, *plazer*, *ur*, and *zur*.
Back vowel

i
y

ɨ
ʉ

ɯ
u

ɪ
ʏ

ʊ

e
ø

ɘ
ɵ

ɤ
o

e̞
ø̞

ə

ɤ̞
o̞

ɛ
œ

ɜ
ɞ

ʌ
ɔ

æ

ɐ

a
ɶ

ä

ɑ
ɒ

Paired vowels are: unrounded • rounded

A **back vowel** is any in a class of vowel sound used in spoken languages. The defining characteristic of a back vowel is that the highest point of the tongue is positioned relatively back in the mouth without creating a constriction that would be classified as a consonant. Back vowels are sometimes also called **dark vowels** because they are perceived as sounding darker than the front vowels.

**Near-back** vowels are essentially a type of back vowels; no language is known to contrast back and near-back vowels based on backness alone.

The category "back vowel" comprises both raised vowels and retracted vowels.
Bigol

**Bigol** is equal to \(\{10,10,100,5\}\) in BEAF. The term was coined by Chris Bird.

Username5243 calls this number **Pentukiloogol** (formerly **Pentumegoogol**), and it's equal to 10[0,5]100 in Username5243's Array Notation.

## Etymology

The name of the number is based on the Latin prefix "**bi-**" and the number "gigol".

## Approximations

 Slow-growing hierarchy | \(g\_{\varphi(4,99,0)}(100)\)

## References

1. ↑ Bowers, Jonathan. Infinity Scrapers. Retrieved on January 1, 2013.
2. ↑ Username5243. shortened list - My Large Numbers. Retrieved on April 22, 2017.
BRB Internacional

**BRB Internacional S.A.U** was a Spanish licensing and production company of animated television series as *Around the World with Willy Fog*, *Dogtanian and the Three Muskehounds* and *The World of David the Gnome*. On 31 January 2018, WildBrain, a leading digital kids’ network & studio, has been appointed the exclusive global manager of BRB Internacional's extensive catalogue of kids’ content on YouTube. In 2022, the company closed after filing for bankruptcy. DeAPlaneta acquired the company's library in January 2023.
Balinese numerals

The Balinese language has an elaborate decimal **numeral system**.

## Basic numerals

Final orthographic *-a* is a schwa [ə].

\* A less productive combining form of *a-* 1 is *sa-*, as can be seen in many of the numbers below. It, *ulung-*, and *sangang-* are from Javanese. *Tiga* 3 is from Sanskrit *trika*. *Dasa* 10 is from Sanskrit *daśa*.

## Teens, tweens, and tens

Like English, Balinese has compound forms for the teens and tens; however, it also has a series of compound 'tweens', 21–29. The teens are based on a root *\*-welas*, the tweens on *-likur*, and the tens are formed by the combining forms above. Hyphens are not used in the orthography, but have been added to the table below to clarify their derivation.

The high-register combining forms *kalih-* 2 and *tigang-* 3 are used with *-likur, -dasa,* and higher numerals (below), but not for the teens.

## Higher numbers

The unit combining forms are combined with *atus* 100, *atak* 200, *amas* 400, *tali* 1000, *laksa* 10,000, *keti* 100,000, and *yuta* 1,000,000 as they do with *dasa* 10:

*Atak* is a 'bundle' (of 200 coins) and *amas* is 'gold' (a gold coin being worth 400 copper coins). In addition, there is *karobelah* 150, *lebak* 175, and *sepa* (one *pa*?) for 1600. At least *karobelah* has a cognate in Javanese, *ro-bəlah*, where *ro-* is the short form for two (as in *rolas* 12).
BB3B

***BB3B*** is an animated UK children's television series produced by Tell-Tale Productions in 2005. The entire series consists of thirteen episodes of twenty minutes each. It is shown on CBBC in the UK and ABC Kids in Australia. It first went on air in 2005.

It was created by Iain Lauchlan and Will Brenton, who also created and produced *Tweenies*, *Boo!*, *Fun Song Factory* and *Jim Jam and Sunny*.
Bengali language

**Bengali**, generally known by its endonym **Bangla**, is an Indo-Aryan language native to the Bengal region of South Asia. With approximately 300 million native speakers and another 50 million as second language speakers, Bengali is the sixth most spoken native language and the seventh most spoken language by the total number of speakers in the world. Bengali is the fifth most spoken Indo-European language.

Bengali is the official, national, and most widely spoken language of Bangladesh, with 98% of Bangladeshis using Bengali as their first language. It is the second-most widely spoken of the 22 scheduled languages of India, and is the official language of the states of West Bengal and Tripura and the Barak Valley region of the state of Assam. It is also the second official language of the Indian state of Jharkhand since September 2011. It is the most widely spoken language in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal, and is spoken by significant populations in other states including Bihar, Arunachal Pradesh, Delhi, Chhattisgarh, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha and Uttarakhand. Bengali is also spoken by the Bengali diasporas (Bangladeshi diaspora and Indian Bengalis) in Europe, the United States, the Middle East and other countries.

Bengali has developed over more than 1,300 years. Bengali literature, with its millennium-old literary history, was extensively developed during the Bengali Renaissance and is one of the most prolific and diverse literary traditions in Asia. The Bengali language movement from 1948 to 1956 demanding that Bengali be an official language of Pakistan fostered Bengali nationalism in East Bengal leading to the emergence of Bangladesh in 1971. In 1999, UNESCO recognized 21 February as International Mother Language Day in recognition of the language movement.
Bima language

The **Bima language**, or **Bimanese** (Bima: *Nggahi Mbojo*, Indonesian: *Bahasa Bima*), is an Austronesian language spoken on the eastern half of Sumbawa Island, Indonesia, which it shares with speakers of the Sumbawa language. Bima territory includes the Sanggar Peninsula, where the extinct Papuan language Tambora was once spoken. *Bima* is an exonym; the autochthonous name for the territory is *Mbojo* and the language is referred to as *Nggahi Mbojo*. There are over half a million Bima speakers. Neither the Bima nor the Sumbawa people have alphabets of their own for they use the alphabets of the Bugis and the Malay language indifferently.

## Phonology

### Vowels

Vowel phonemes

Vowels /i e o u/ can have shortened allophones as [ɪ ɛ ɔ ʊ].
Bojan the Bear

***Bojan the Bear*** (Slovene: *Medved Bojan*) is the title and the protagonist of the Slovenian animation children's television series. It's the best-known and most successful Slovenian cartoon series.

Bojan the Bear is a painter who paints his own world with three colours. A friend of his enters the world, using two other colours - white and black - to paint glaciers.

The cartoon was created by Serbian-born *Branko Ranitović* and Slovenian *Dušan Povh*. Series was in original run from 1985-1999. Animated series was broadcast on Slovenian national television RTV Ljubljana and broadcast on United Kingdom television The Children's Channel. Character was originally animated by *Zdenko Gašparović* and *Pavao Štalter*.
Blueberry

**Blueberries** are a widely distributed and widespread group of perennial flowering plants with blue or purple berries. They are classified in the section ***Cyanococcus*** within the genus *Vaccinium*. *Vaccinium* also includes cranberries, bilberries, huckleberries and Madeira blueberries. Commercial blueberries—both wild (lowbush) and cultivated (highbush)—are all native to North America. The highbush varieties were introduced into Europe during the 1930s.

Blueberries are usually prostrate shrubs that can vary in size from 10 centimeters (4 inches) to 4 meters (13 feet) in height. In commercial production of blueberries, the species with small, pea-size berries growing on low-level bushes are known as "lowbush blueberries" (synonymous with "wild"), while the species with larger berries growing on taller, cultivated bushes are known as "highbush blueberries". Canada is the leading producer of lowbush blueberries, while the United States produces some 40% of the world supply of highbush blueberries.
Bullet

In typography, a **bullet** or **bullet point**, •, is a typographical symbol or glyph used to introduce items in a list. For example:

* Point 1
* Point 2
* Point 3

The bullet symbol may take any of a variety of shapes, such as circular, square, diamond or arrow. Typical word processor software offers a wide selection of shapes and colors. Several regular symbols, such as \* (asterisk), - (hyphen), . (period), and even o (lowercase Latin letter O), are conventionally used in ASCII-only text or other environments where bullet characters are not available. Historically, the index symbol ☞ (representing a hand with a pointing index finger) was popular for similar uses.

Lists made with bullets are called **bulleted lists**. The HTML element name for a bulleted list is "unordered list", because the list items are not arranged in numerical order (as they would be in a numbered list).
Bob the Builder

***Bob the Builder*** is a British animated children's television series created by Keith Chapman for HIT Entertainment and Hot Animation. The series follows the adventures of Bob, a general contractor, specialising in masonry, along with his colleague Wendy, various neighbours, and friends, and equipment, and their gang of anthropomorphised work-vehicles, Scoop, Muck, Dizzy, Roley, Lofty and many others. The series ran from 12 April 1999 to 31 December 2011 in the United Kingdom through the CBBC strand and later CBeebies. The series originally used stop-motion from 1999 to 2009, but later used CGI animation starting with the spin-off series Ready, Steady, Build! (2010-2011). The British proprietors of Bob the Builder and Thomas & Friends sold the enterprise in 2011 to US toy-maker Mattel for $680 million.
Axquintal

**Axquintal**, also known as **base 475**, is a numeral system with 475 as its base.

## Cyclic numbers

* The prime factorization of 475 is  × .
* It has 360 totatives.
* If *k*≥180, then *nk*+180 ends with the same digit as *nk*.

## Related numeral systems

* Pentavigesimal (base 25)
* Pentanonagesimal (base 95)
* Scoroval (base 180)
* Kinoctoval (base 360)
Bump

***Bump*** is a British animated children's television series which was created by Charles Mills and Terry Brain (who had previously created *The Trap Door* and *Stoppit and Tidyup*), produced by Queensgate Productions and originally shown on BBC One from 14 September 1990 to 26 December 1994.

The series' two main protagonists were the eponymous Bump (an elephant who was very clumsy, a trait that was emphasised by a bandage stuck onto his forehead) and his friend Birdie (a bluebird who often gave Bump advice on how he could become more graceful). The two series ran a total of twenty-six episodes, each 5 minutes long. The twenty-seventh and final episode was a Christmas special that was 10 minutes long. The programme was narrated by Simon Cadell (1950-1996) of *Hi-de-Hi!* fame.

Bump and Birdie regularly encountered animals that had a problem (such as Whizzer the mouse, Munch the tortoise, McDuff the dog, Big Bun and Little Bun the rabbits and Batty the bat) and would help them to find a solution. Most of these animals were recurring characters, and all of the characters' *Stoppit and Tidyup*-like sounds were generated by analogue synthesizers.
Bench language

**Bench** (*Bencnon*, **Shenon** or **Mernon**, formerly called **Gimira**) is a Northern Omotic language of the "Gimojan" subgroup, spoken by about 174,000 people (in 1998) in the Bench Maji Zone of the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region, in southern Ethiopia, around the towns of Mizan Teferi and Shewa Gimira. In a 2006 dissertation, Christian Rapold described three varieties of Bench (Benchnon, Shenon, and Mernon) as "...mutually intelligible...varieties of one and the same language". Bench is the ancestral language of the Bench people.

In unusual variance from most of the other languages in Africa, Bench has retroflex consonant phonemes. The language is also noteworthy in that it has six phonemic tones, one of only a handful of languages in the world that have this many. Bench has a whistled form used primarily by male speakers, which permits communication over greater distances than spoken Bench. The whistle can be created using the lips or made from a hollow created with both hands. Additionally, this form of the language may be communicated via the 5-stringed krar.

## Phonology

The phonemic vowels of Bench are /i e a o u/.

There are six phonemic tones: five level tones (numbered 1 to 5 in the literature, with 1 being the lowest) and one rising tone 23 /˨˧/. The top tone is sometimes realized as a high rising 45 [˦˥]. On the vowel *o,* they are /ő ó ō ò ȍ ǒ/

The consonants are:

## References

1. ↑ Note that this is the East Asian tone numbering convention, and the opposite of the literature for other African languages, where 1 is high and 5 is low. The issue will be avoided here by using IPA diacritics.
Bull

A **bull** is an intact (i.e., not castrated) adult male of the species Bos taurus (cattle). More muscular and aggressive than the females of the same species (i.e. cows proper), bulls have long been an important symbol in many religions, including for sacrifices. These animals play a significant role in beef ranching, dairy farming, and a variety of sporting and cultural activities, including bullfighting and bull riding.

Due to their temperament, handling of bulls requires precautions.
Buffalo

## Bubalina

**Bubalina** is a subtribe of wild cattle that includes the various species of **true buffalo**. Species include the African buffalo, the anoas, and the wild water buffalo (including the domesticated variant water buffalo). Buffaloes can be found naturally in sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and Southeast Asia, and domestic and feral populations have been introduced to Europe, the Americas, and Australia. In addition to the living species, bubalinans have an extensive fossil record where remains have been found in much of Afro-Eurasia.

Despite being sometimes referred to as buffaloes, bison are not members of the Bubalina, but are instead classified in the subtribe Bovina.

## Bison

A **bison** (pl: **bison**) is a large bovine in the genus ***Bison*** (Greek: "wild ox" (bison)) within the tribe Bovini. Two extant and numerous extinct species are recognised.

Of the two surviving species, the American bison, *B. bison*, found only in North America, is the more numerous. Although colloquially referred to as a **buffalo** in the United States and Canada, it is only distantly related to the true buffalo. The North American species is composed of two subspecies, the Plains bison, *B. b. bison*, and the wood bison, *B. b. athabascae*, which is the namesake of Wood Buffalo National Park in Canada. A third subspecies, the eastern bison (*B. b. pennsylvanicus*) is no longer considered a valid taxon, being a junior synonym of *B. b. bison*. References to "woods bison" or "wood bison" from the eastern United States refer to this subspecies, not *B. b. athabascae*, which was not found in the region. The European bison, *B. bonasus*, or wisent, or zubr, or colloquially European buffalo, is found in Europe and the Caucasus, reintroduced after being extinct in the wild.

While bison species have been traditionally classified in their own genus, modern genetics indicates that they are nested within the genus *Bos,* which includes, among others, cattle, yaks and gaur, being most closely related to yaks. Bison are sometimes bred with domestic cattle and produce offspring called beefalo, in North America, or żubroń, in Poland.
Brahmi numerals

**Brahmi numerals** are a numeral system attested in the Indian subcontinent from the 3rd century BCE. It is the direct graphic ancestor of the modern Hindu–Arabic numeral system. However, the Brahmi numeral system was conceptually distinct from these later systems, as it was a non-positional decimal system, and did not include zero. Later additions to the system included separate symbols for each multiple of 10 (e.g. 20, 30, and 40). There were also symbols for 100 and 1000, which were combined in ligatures with the units to signify 200, 300, 2000, 3000, etc. In computers, these ligatures are written with the Brahmi Number Joiner at U+1107F.

## Numerals

Zero place-holder system
 Brahmi numerals
Axithe

Natural number

**247** (**axithe**) is the natural number following 246 and preceding 248.

Additionally, 247 is:

* a semiprime.
* a brilliant number (the product of two primes with the same number of digits).
* a pentagonal number.
* palindromic in base 18 (DD18).
* a Harshad number in bases 10, 14, 19, 20, 27, 39, 40, 58, 77, 79, 115, 118, 229 and 235.
* the smallest number which can be expressed as the difference between two integers that contain together all the decimal digits 0–9. i.e. 247 = 50123 - 49876.
Cabela's

**Cabela's Inc.** is an American retailer that specializes in hunting, fishing, boating, camping, shooting and other outdoor recreation merchandise. The chain is based in Sidney, Nebraska. Cabela's was founded by Richard N. Cabela and Jim Cabela in 1961. Cabela's was acquired by Springfield, Missouri-based Bass Pro Shops in 2017 and has been a subsidiary since then.

Cabela's mail-order catalogs are shipped to 50 states and 120 countries. More than 120 million catalogs were mailed in its first year as a public company. It also has "Trophy Properties LLC" (a real estate market), the "Gun Library" (for buying and selling new, used, and collectible firearms).
Boobolplex

**Boobolplex** is equal to \(\{10,10,\{10,10,100 (1) 2\} (1) 2\}\). This term was coined by YouTuber Douglas Shamlin Jr.

## Intended approximations

Intended approximations given with respect to the non-climbing method.

 Cascading-E notation
 Hyperfactorial Array Notation
 Slow-growing hierarchy | \(g\_{\vartheta(\Omega^\Omega)}^2(100)\)

## References

1. ↑ D. Shamlin Jr., Ultimate List of Large Numbers - Part 2 of 4 | Going beyond Godgahlah! (Reuploaded by Dr2xmillion). Accessed 2022-05-30.
Burlington

**Burlington**, formerly known as **Burlington Coat Factory**, is an American national off-price department store retailer, and a division of Burlington Coat Factory Warehouse Corporation with more than 1,000 stores in 40 states and Puerto Rico, with its corporate headquarters located in Burlington Township, New Jersey. In 2007, it was acquired by Bain Capital in a transaction and in 2008, Tom Kingsbury became president and CEO. The company went public again in 2013. Burlington is the third largest off-price retailer after TJX Companies and Ross Stores.
Burbank, California

**Burbank** is a city in the southeastern end of the San Fernando Valley in Los Angeles County, California, United States. Located 12 miles (19 km) northwest of downtown Los Angeles, Burbank has a population of 107,337. The city was named after David Burbank, who established a sheep ranch there in 1867. Burbank consists of two distinct areas: a downtown/foothill section, in the foothills of the Verdugo Mountains, and the flatland section.
Boy Girl Dog Cat Mouse Cheese

***Boy Girl Dog Cat Mouse Cheese*** (French: ***Boy Girl, etc.***) is an animated television series based on an original concept by Jeff Harter and Cloudco Entertainment, and directed by Jérémy Guiter for Season 1 and Matthieu Giner for Season 2. The series is an American-French-Irish co-production between Cloudco Entertainment, WatchNext Media, and Kavaleer Productions, and produced with the participation of Gulli, Canal J, the BBC, RTÉ and De Agostini Editore S.p.A. The show originally premiered in the United Kingdom on CBBC on October 31, 2019.

The show centers around a boy, a girl, a dog, a cat, a mouse, and a piece of cheese, all respectively named after what they are, who live together. In June 2019, the series was renewed for a second season, ahead of the series premiere. On July 28, 2022, it was confirmed that the series has been renewed for a third season, with production being greenlit as well.

*Boy Girl Dog Cat Mouse Cheese* was nominated in the 'Best Animated Kids Series 6+' and 'Best Music' categories at the Irish Animation Awards in 2021, with Baljeet Rai and Henry Gifford nominated for the 'Best Writer' award for the episode *Neighborhood Watchdog*.
Bowers' Exploding Array Function

**Bowers' Exploding Array Function** (**BEAF**) is a notation for very large numbers invented by Jonathan Bowers, similar to chained arrow notation, but far stronger. It is a superset of array notation and extended array notation, both invented by Bowers. It has become quite famous in googology due to its simplicity and growth speed, not to mention the vast array of whimsically named numbers defined with the function (such as golapulus and the legendary meameamealokkapoowa oompa, one of Bowers' largest numbers). However, there is no agreed-upon definition for the notation above tetrational arrays. Therefore, strictly speaking, BEAF beyond tetrational arrays is ill-defined, although BEAF before tetrational arrays is well-defined.

Although Chris Bird and John Spencer (a friend of Bowers') assisted in the construction of BEAF, Bowers is usually given sole credit for the function.

Sbiis Saibian mentioned that the existence of a notation which fully satisfies Bowers' rules is **an open problem in googology**. Although he only directly mentions pentational arrays, it probably refers to other levels of BEAF as well.

## References

1. ↑ Array Notation
2. ↑ ULTIMATE LARGE NUMBERS LIST, PART III
Bongulus

**Bongulus** is equal to {10,100 (0,0,1) 2} = {10,100 (0,100) 2} in BEAF, or 1001002 & 10 using the array of operator. It is a 100-dimensional hypercube with side length of 100 where each cell is another 100-dimensional hypercube with side length of 100 ... (another 97 repetitions) where each cell is another 100-dimensional hypercube with side length of 100. Its structural array has 1001002 entries total. This number originally took on the value of what is now called the super gongulus. The term was coined by Jonathan Bowers.

## Etymology

The name of this number is based on Latin prefix "bi-" and the number "gongulus".

## Approximations

 Aarex's array notation
 Cascading-E notation
 Hyperfactorial Array Notation
 X-Sequence Hyper-Exponential Notation
 Slow-growing hierarchy | \(g\_{\vartheta(\Omega^{\Omega^{\Omega\omega}})}(100)\)

## References

1. ↑ Bowers, Jonathan. Infinity Scrapers. Retrieved on January 1, 2013.
Boo & Me

***Boo & Me*** is an animated television series, co-produced by KidsCo and Malaysian animation studio Inspidea.

The show tells the story of orphaned orang-utan Boo, and his adventures in the Malaysian rainforest with friends Aiman and Yasmin. Throughout the series, they learn valuable lessons about conservation, the importance of protecting the environment and how little things can have a big impact.

The first series launched in late 2009 and in November 2010, it was announced that a second season would be aired in spring 2011. On 9 May 2011, the channel aired a special version of its final episode, with the UK pop group Blue performing their song "I Can", which was the band's Eurovision Song Contest entry.
Boron group

The **boron group** are the chemical elements in **group 13** of the periodic table, consisting of boron (B), aluminium (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), thallium (Tl) and nihonium (Nh). This group lies in the p-block of the periodic table. The elements in the boron group are characterized by having three valence electrons. These elements have also been referred to as the **triels**.

Boron is commonly classified as a (metalloid) while the rest, with the possible exception of nihonium, are considered post-transition metals. Boron occurs sparsely, probably because bombardment by the subatomic particles produced from natural radioactivity disrupts its nuclei. Aluminium occurs widely on earth, and indeed is the third most abundant element in the Earth's crust (8.3%). Gallium is found in the earth with an abundance of 13 ppm. Indium is the 61st most abundant element in the earth's crust, and thallium is found in moderate amounts throughout the planet. Nihonium is not known to occur in nature and therefore is termed a synthetic element.

Several group 13 elements have biological roles in the ecosystem. Boron is a trace element in humans and is essential for some plants. Lack of boron can lead to stunted plant growth, while an excess can also cause harm by inhibiting growth. Aluminium has neither a biological role nor significant toxicity and is considered safe. Indium and gallium can stimulate metabolism; gallium is credited with the ability to bind itself to iron proteins. Thallium is highly toxic, interfering with the function of numerous vital enzymes, and has seen use as a pesticide.
Boppatoth

The **boppatoth** is equal to \(100\uparrow\uparrow(100^2)\ \&\ 10\) using the array of operator and BEAF. The term was coined by Cookie Fonster. This number is intended to be comparable to tethracross. Since BEAF has not been formalised by Bowers at this level, this number is currently ill-defined.

## Approximations

Since it is not defined by now, the following approximation is just an expected value under climbing method (strong bound):

 Hardy hierarchy | \(H\_{\zeta\_0}(100)\) (debatable)

## References

1. ↑ Pointless Gigantic List of Numbers - Part 5: The Higher Giants. *Pointless Large Number Stuff*. Retrieved on June 7, 2017.
Bolek and Lolek

***Bolek and Lolek*** (Polish: *Bolek i Lolek*), also known as ***Benny and Lenny***, ***Jym and Jam***, and ***Tim and Tom***, is a 1962 animated children's television series created by Władysław Nehrebecki in the Studio Filmów Rysunkowych. The series premiered from 12 August 1962 to 1 July 1964, and consisted of 13 episodes, each lasting from 9 to 10 minutes. It focused on two titular brothers, Bolek and Lolek, and was the first series in the franchise about them. It was followed by *Bolek and Lolek on Vacation*, which was aired from 1965 to 1966.
Calvin and Hobbes

***Calvin and Hobbes*** is a daily American comic strip created by cartoonist Bill Watterson that was syndicated from November 18, 1985, to December 31, 1995. Commonly cited as "the last great newspaper comic", *Calvin and Hobbes* has enjoyed broad and enduring popularity, influence, and academic and philosophical interest.

*Calvin and Hobbes* follows the humorous antics of the title characters: Calvin, a precocious, mischievous, and adventurous six-year-old boy; and Hobbes, his sardonic stuffed tiger. Set in the contemporary suburban United States of the 1980s and 1990s, the strip depicts Calvin's frequent flights of fancy and friendship with Hobbes. It also examines Calvin's relationships with his long-suffering parents and with his classmates, especially his neighbor Susie Derkins. Hobbes's dual nature is a defining motif for the strip: to Calvin, Hobbes is a living anthropomorphic tiger, while all the other characters see Hobbes as an inanimate stuffed toy. Though the series does not frequently mention specific political figures or contemporary events, it does explore broad issues like environmentalism, public education, and philosophical quandaries.

At the height of its popularity, *Calvin and Hobbes* was featured in over 2,400 newspapers worldwide. In 2010, reruns of the strip appeared in more than 50 countries, and nearly 45 million copies of the *Calvin and Hobbes* books had been sold worldwide.
Binary number

A **binary number** is a number expressed in the **base-2 numeral system** or **binary numeral system**, a method of mathematical expression which uses only two symbols: typically "0" (zero) and "1" (one).

The base-2 numeral system is a positional notation with a radix of 2. Each digit is referred to as a bit, or binary digit. Because of its straightforward implementation in digital electronic circuitry using logic gates, the binary system is used by almost all modern computers and computer-based devices, as a preferred system of use, over various other human techniques of communication, because of the simplicity of the language and the noise immunity in physical implementation.

Negative numbers are commonly represented in binary using two's complement.
Bulgaria

**Bulgaria** (/bʌlˈɡɛəriə, bʊl-/ ⓘ; Bulgarian: България, romanized: *Bŭlgariya*), officially the **Republic of Bulgaria**, is a country in Southeast Europe. Located west of the Black Sea and south of the Danube river, Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey to the south, Serbia and North Macedonia to the west, and Romania to the north. It covers a territory of 110,994 square kilometres (42,855 sq mi) and is the 16th largest country in Europe. Sofia is the nation's capital and largest city; other major cities include Burgas, Plovdiv, and Varna.
Butter

**Butter** is a dairy product made from the fat and protein components of churned cream. It is a semi-solid emulsion at room temperature, consisting of approximately 80% butterfat. It is used at room temperature as a spread, melted as a condiment, and used as a fat in baking, sauce-making, pan frying, and other cooking procedures.

Most frequently made from cow's milk, butter can also be manufactured from the milk of other mammals, including sheep, goats, buffalo, and yaks. It is made by churning milk or cream to separate the fat globules from the buttermilk. Salt has been added to butter since antiquity to help preserve it, particularly when being transported; salt may still play a preservation role but is less important today as the entire supply chain is usually refrigerated. In modern times, salt may be added for taste. Food coloring is sometimes added to butter. Rendering butter, removing the water and milk solids, produces clarified butter, or *ghee*, which is almost entirely butterfat.

Butter is a water-in-oil emulsion resulting from an inversion of the cream, where the milk proteins are the emulsifiers. Butter remains a firm solid when refrigerated but softens to a spreadable consistency at room temperature and melts to a thin liquid consistency at 32 to 35 °C (90 to 95 °F). The density of butter is 911 g/L (15+1⁄4 oz/US pt). It generally has a pale yellow color but varies from deep yellow to nearly white. Its natural, unmodified color is dependent on the source animal's feed and genetics, but the commercial manufacturing process sometimes alters this with food colorings like annatto or carotene.
Calculator

An **electronic calculator** is typically a portable electronic device used to perform calculations, ranging from basic arithmetic to complex mathematics.

The first solid-state electronic calculator was created in the early 1960s. Pocket-sized devices became available in the 1970s, especially after the Intel 4004, the first microprocessor, was developed by Intel for the Japanese calculator company Busicom.

Modern electronic calculators vary from cheap, give-away, credit-card-sized models to sturdy desktop models with built-in printers. They became popular in the mid-1970s as the incorporation of integrated circuits reduced their size and cost. By the end of that decade, prices had dropped to the point where a basic calculator was affordable to most and they became common in schools.

Computer operating systems as far back as early Unix have included interactive calculator programs such as dc and hoc, and interactive BASIC could be used to do calculations on most 1970s and 1980s home computers. Calculator functions are included in most smartphones, tablets and personal digital assistant (PDA) type devices.

In addition to general purpose calculators, there are those designed for specific markets. For example, there are scientific calculators which include trigonometric and statistical calculations. Some calculators even have the ability to do computer algebra. Graphing calculators can be used to graph functions defined on the real line, or higher-dimensional Euclidean space. As of 2016, basic calculators cost little, but scientific and graphing models tend to cost more.

With the very wide availability of smartphones and the like, dedicated hardware calculators, while still widely used, are less common than they once were. In 1986, calculators still represented an estimated 41% of the world's general-purpose hardware capacity to compute information. By 2007, this had diminished to less than 0.05%.
Calendar era

A **calendar era** is the period of time elapsed since one *epoch* of a calendar and, if it exists, before the next one. For example, it is the year 2024 as per the Gregorian calendar, which numbers its years in the Western Christian era (the Coptic Orthodox and Ethiopian Orthodox churches have their own Christian eras).

In antiquity, regnal years were counted from the accession of a monarch. This makes the chronology of the ancient Near East very difficult to reconstruct, based on disparate and scattered king lists, such as the Sumerian King List and the Babylonian Canon of Kings. In East Asia, reckoning by era names chosen by ruling monarchs ceased in the 20th century except for Japan, where they are still used.