EMIL 1951

## Basic Information

The **EMIL 1951** is a Swedish tier 8 premium heavy tank.

A prototype of the heavy tank developed for the Swedish army under the EMIL project in the 1950s. The development was preceded by deep scientific research—all required characteristics were calculated using complex formulas. Based on the calculations, a draft design was prepared in 1951, but development was discontinued in favor of later versions.

## Pros & Cons

##### Pros:

* Three-shot clip can quickly deal over 1K damage in a few seconds.
* Decent mobility
* Outstanding -12 degrees of gun depression
* Bouncy turret

##### Cons:

* Poor gun handling
* Can be easily penetrated through the front of the turret by premium shells or high penetration vehicles.
* Somewhat weakly armored hull

## Historical Information

n 1951, the Swedish army decided to start a new tank project with the goal of replacing the obsolete Strv m/42 medium tank. Previous ideas for new tanks after WW2 had often been outdated and too light for the modern battlefield. The new project was to be based around the ideas that emerged in 1950 during the development of the Lansen light tank, mainly that a modern tank would need to be heavier, better armed and protected than previously thought. Another thing, that influenced the project, was that the technologies such as autoloaders and gyro-stabilization became more viable. These factors resulted in the EMIL 1951 proposal, which was to mark the start of Swedish heavy tank development.

The requirements for the proposal made it clear that the vehicle was to be able to function as both an infantry support weapon and a tank destroyer. To make this possible, the tank was to mount a 12cm autoloaded gun. This would allow the tank to fire rapidly; it would give it good high-explosive round performance and better performance with HEAT rounds. There were also considerations for subcaliber rounds, but the main ammo types considered were the HEAT and the HE rounds. The idea of a tank sharing the medium and anti-tank roles had been considered before, but only now was such a vehicle possible within the weight limit, set by the Swedish army due to strategic mobility. The use of an autoloader made it possible to reduce the crew of the tank to 3. The requirements also made it clear that the new tank would need a lot more armor than previous Swedish projects. The main worry was the appearance of the Soviet IS-3 and its 122mm gun. To keep the weight down, the heavier armor of the tank was put on the turret front, here it reached a maximum thickness of 200mm at the gun-mantle (with 150mm and 125mm sloped armor at the rest of the turret front).

This thick front turret armor was made possible by the use of a protective frontal “shield” instead of the French oscillating turrets, which had the turret split into the upper and the lower section. This also allowed for much better gun depression, that reached a maximum of 14dg. However, the rest of the turret armor was pretty weak with 35mm and 20mm side and rear armor respectively. The hull armor was a bit more interesting. The front had 120mm of armor – but only on the lower plate, the upper plate was better sloped, but only reached 70mm. The greater thickness of the lower plate would also be kept in future revisions of the EMIL project. The rest of the hull armor was really weak with only 20mm side and 30mm rear armor.

Perhaps the most interesting thing about the projected tank was its size. The height was only 2,35m, which meant it had lower profile than tanks like the T-44 or IS-3. All in all, the tank was only slightly bigger than the previously projected light tank. This in turn meant that the tank only weighed 28 tons. However, later studies concluded that a vehicle of the performance described in the 1951 proposal would most likely weigh at least 32 tons. The main reason for the small size and low weight was the Swedish military believing that the mobility of a vehicle heavier than 30 tons would be very limited in Swedish terrain. The tank was to be powered by a 550hp air-cooled boxer engine built by Svenska Flygmotor AB, a producer of aircraft engines. This would allow the power to weight ratio of 19,5 hp/t for the 28-ton tank, but with the projected 32-ton weight this would be closer to 17hp/t. The good power to weight ratio also allowed the top speed of 55kph.

The suspension of the vehicle was based on the Lvkv 42 self-propelled anti-aircraft gun, developed by Bofors. This meant that the tank would have hydraulic springs, that would later be used on the S-tank. Other alternatives were also considered however, such as an interleaved suspension. The hull of the tank was designed by Landsverk, who had been the main Swedish tank manufacturer since the 30′s and the turret was designed by Bofors, who had plenty of experience with guns and turrets for ships and coastal defense, but little experience with turrets for actual tanks. The project would continue in 1952, when the fear of the IS-3 would turn the EMIL project into more of a heavy tank project.