Cimbrian Kingdom

Flag of the Cimbrian Kingdom

The  Cimbrian Kingdom (108 BCE-223 CE) was a Germanic kingdom, located in the area of the former Greek Kingdom of Massalia. It was established in 108 BCE, after migrating with their allies, the Teutons, Tigurini and Tougeni, into southern Gaul, after a flood in the Jutland peninsula, their homeland. Over ten thousand Greek fled to the Iberian colonies, establishing a united kingdom, called "New Greece" (Neos Ellas). Culturally, the Cimbrian Kingdom was Greek, mixed with Germanic. The Germanic kingdom collapsed in 223, after an invasion of the Teutarist Arvernian Empire.

## History

### Background

Between 120-115 BCE, the Jutland peninsula suffered some kind of catastrophe. The peninsula was either flooded or extreme freezing made it basically unlivable. In any case, the Proto-Germanic tribe populating the region, called the Cimbri, had to leave their home. By 115 BCE, they began migrating to the south. They were joined by their neighbors and relatives, the Teutons, in Northern Germany. The tribes, now numbering around 250 thousand warriors, moved into the OTL modern-day Czech Republic, but were defeated there, by the Celtic Boii and were forced to change their route.

In 113 BCE, the Cimbri and Teutons, crossed the Danube into Pannonia and then moved to Noricum. The region was inhabited by the Celtic Taurisci, who were then defeated by the two Germanic tribes. The Cimbri and their allies then moved to the west to Raetia. Celtic tribes, called the Tigurini and Tougeni joined them here and all these tribes moved into Gaul. They raided and looted the region, and the Gauls were not able to stop the invaders.

### Establishment and Consolidation (109 BCE-135 CE)

In 109 BCE, the Cimbri and their allies decided to move south, into the Greek Kingdom of Massalia. Their army, numbering over 200 thousand men, overran the Greek colonies, and in 108 BCE, the city of Massalia was stormed. Over ten thousand civilians and soldiers fled to the Greek colonies of Eastern Iberia, namely Emporion, establishing a united kingdom, called "New Greece" (Neos Ellas). Meanwhile, the Cimbrian Kingdom was established, centered around the city of Massalia and the Rhone Valley. The Cimbri adopted much of Greek culture, especially Greek army tactics and equipment. Their allies, the Teutons, established a kingdom to their west, centered around the city of Agato (Agathe). In the center of both, was the Kingdom of their Celtic allies, the Tigurini, centered around Nemausus. However, to avoid a war with the Carthaginian Empire, the city of Arelate remained under their control, and thus, trading with the Phoenicians increased.

The Kingdom of the Tigurini, being the weakest of the three kingdoms, was partitioned in 106 BCE between the Cimbri and the Teutons. A first major Greek uprising occurred in 98 BCE, when the cities of Nikaia and Antipolis had split off from the Cimbri. However, the rebellion was crushed by the Cimbri only a year later.

### Instability and Downfall (135-223 CE)

Christian missionaries from the Bishopric of Jerusalem arrived in New Greece in 135, which adopted the religion in 145, likely due to its popularity in the Greek homeland or because the Greeks were isolated and demoralized. In 223 CE, the king of the Teutarist Arvernian Empire, Leucorix the Great, invaded the Cimbri, eventually leading to its collapse after the Siege of Massalo (Massalia).

## List of Cimbrian Kings

These are the names and reign dates.

- Boiorix I (108-75 BCE) - Born 140 BCE; Died in 75 BCE, with 65 years. (Was king after the migration out of Jutland - He likely adopted a Celtic name).

## Source

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5FpcDpYBFW8

## Flag credits

This flag was made by myself.