Iraq

## Flag

**Iraq**, officially the **Republic of Iraq**, is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, the Persian Gulf and Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west. The capital and largest city is Baghdad. Iraq is home to diverse ethnic groups including Iraqi Arabs, Kurds, Turkmens, Assyrians, Armenians, Yazidis, Mandaeans, Persians and Shabakis with similarly diverse geography and wildlife. The vast majority of the country's 44 million residents are Muslims – the notable other faiths are Christianity, Yazidism, Mandaeism, Yarsanism and Zoroastrianism. The official languages of Iraq are Arabic and Kurdish; others also recognised in specific regions are Neo-Aramaic, Turkish and Armenian.

## History

### Prehistory

* Neanderthal culture
* Neolithic culture
* Halaf culture
* Hassuna culture
* Samarra culture
* Ubaid culture
* Uruk period
* Sumerian civilization

### Ancient History

* Jemdet Nasr period
* Early Dynastic Period (Mesopotamia)
	+ 1st Dynasty of Kish
	+ 1st Dynasty of Uruk
	+ First Dynasty of Ur
	+ 2nd Dynasty of Uruk
	+ 1st Dynasty of Lagash
	+ Dynasty of Adab
	+ 3rd Dynasty of Kish
	+ 3rd Dynasty of Uruk
* First Dynasty of Uruk
* Akkadian Empire
* Second dynasty of Lagash
* Gutian rule in Mesopotamia
* Old Assyrian Period
	+ Assyria
* Isin-Larsa period
* Old Babylonian Empire
	+ Amorite Dynasty
	+ First Sealand dynasty
* Middle Babylonian period
	+ Kassites
		- Kassite dynasty
* Middle Assyrian Period & Empire
	+ Middle Assyrian Empire
* Mitanni
* Neo-Assyrian Empire
* Neo-Babylonian Empire

### Classical Anitquity

* Achaemenid Empire
	+ Achaemenid Assyria
	+ Babylonia (Persian Province)

* Macedonian Empire
* Seleucid Empire
* Roman Empire
	+ Mesopotamia (Roman province)
	+ Assyria (Roman province)

* Parthian Empire
* Adiabene
* Sasanian Empire
	+ Asoristan
* Lakhmid kingdom

### Middle Ages

* Rashidun Caliphate
* Umayyad Caliphate
* Abbasid Caliphate
* Buyid dynasty
* Seljuk Empire
* Mongol Empire
* Ilkhanate
* Jalayirid Sultanate
* Qara Qoyunlu
* Timurid Empire

### Early Modern Period

* Safavid Iran
* Ottoman Iraq
	+ Baghdad Eyalet
	+ Mosul Eyalet
	+ Basra Eyalet
	+ Mamluk dynasty (Iraq)

### Modern Period

* Mandatory Iraq
* Kingdom of Iraq
* Arab Federation
* Iraqi Republic (1958–1968)
* Ba'athist Iraq
* Coalition Provisional Authority
* Republic of Iraq

## Separatism

### Democratic Republic of Assyria

* proposed autonomous area: Nineveh Plains
* Al-Rafidain Autonomous Region
* proposed state: Democratic Republic of Assyria

### Basra Governorate

* Independence or uniting with Dhi Qar & Maysan Governorates

### Sunnistan

* high degree of autonomy within Iraq or independence

## Administrative Regions

### Governorates

* Duhok Governorate
* Nineveh Governorate
* Erbil Governorate
* Kirkuk Governorate
* Sulaymaniyah Governorate
* Saladin Governorate
* Al Anbar Governorate
* Baghdad Governorate
* Diyala Governorate
* Karbala Governorate
* Babil Governorate
* Wasit Governorate
* Najaf Governorate
* Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate
* Maysan Governorate
* Muthanna Governorate
* Dhi Qar Governorate
* Basra Governorate
* Halabja Governorate