recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Marie Tharp (1920 - 2006)

When Marie Tharp was born, plate tectonics was considered a crazy theory, but she proved the doubters wrong. The US mapmaker who famously created the first scientific maps of the ocean floor had a Master’s degree in geology and a second degree in math, but for the first 18 years of her partnership with Bruce Heezen to chart the ocean floor, she was restricted to drawing maps since women were not permitted on the ocean-going ships that collected data.

She also independently drew from other information sources to create accurate charts — charts that revealed the existence of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, clear evidence of plate tectonics and continental drift.

Tharp’s maps caused heated debate, but Tharp just kept on working: “There’s truth to the old cliché that a picture is worth a thousand words and that seeing is believing,” she wrote. “I was so busy making maps I [just] let them argue.”

## Known for

Seafloor topography

Accurate charts showing the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, clear evidence of plate tectonics and continental drift

## Find more

Works based on
Marie Tharp appears in The Lost Worlds of Planet Earth, the ninth episode of *Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey* in animation form. The episode depicts her discovery of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and subsequently later in the episode she is described not only as an influential scientist who happens to be a woman but also as one who should be recognized as a scientist who overcame sexism to contribute to her field.
Lickety Page

**Lickety Page** is one of the four Cap'n O. G. Readmore's Book Club members and the only youngest member, assuming to be around 9-12 years old. He occasionally disputes political incorrectnesses, such as how foolish aspects are used in fairytales and the lack of cat popularity. He was voiced by the late Lucille Bliss.

## Cultural Reference

* The GEICO Cavemen, from the GEICO advertisements back in the mid 2000s, had similar disputes to Lickety Page, like they get infuriated whenever advertisers mention "So easy a *Caveman can do it*", as to them it resembles "Unintelligence of an actual neanderthal".
Alessandra Giliani (1307 - 1326)

Alessandra Giliani was thought to be an Italian natural historian, best known as the first woman to be recorded in historical documents as practicing anatomy and pathology. However, the historical evidence for her existence is limited. Some scholars consider her to be a fiction invented by  Alessandro Machiavelli (1693-1766), while  others hold that the participation of a woman in anatomy at that time was so shocking that she has been edited out of history. source: Wikipedia

## Known for

Giliani is said to have carried out her own anatomical investigations, developing a method of draining the blood from a corpse and replacing it with a hardening coloured dye—and possibly adding to our understanding of the coronary-pulmonary circulatory system. (All evidence of her work was either lost or destroyed.)

## Find more

Wikipedia
Wikipedia Italian

## Works based on

Barbara Quick's novel, *A Golden Web*, published by HarperTeen in 2010, is a fictional re-imagining of Alessandra Giliani's life and times.
Chien-Shiung Wu (1912 - 1997)

Chinese physicist Chien-Shiung Wu worked with Tsung Dao Lee and Ning Yang at Columbia University. She experimentally disproved the "parity principle" in nuclear physics, and when Lee and Yang won the Nobel Prize in 1957 for this work, they credited her work as being key to the discovery.

Chien-Shiung Wu also worked on the atomic bomb for the United States during World War II at Columbia's Division of War Research and taught university-level physics.

After she left for graduate work in the US, she never saw her parents again (because of World War II and bad US-China post-war relations). When she finally was able to visit China again in 1973, her uncle and brother had perished in the Cultural Revolution and the tombs of her parents had been destroyed. She was greeted by Chinese premier Zhou Enlai, who personally apologized for the destruction of the tombs. After this, she returned to China several times.

## Known for

work on Manhattan Project

Wu experiment, which contradicted the hypothetical law of conservation of parity

Parity violation

Beta decay
The Twins

> *"A story? A story! Let us tell you a story!"* — The first words to their introduction
>
>

## Info

### Relationship Status

;)

The Twins, referred to individually as The Black One and The Red One, are the Wild Cards (Jokers) in the Royal House of Cards, and antagonists to the Aprilside Campaign.

## Profile

### Appearance

The Twins are perfectly identical, both standing at 5'11" with fair skin and brown hair swept over to one side. They have matching cherry pins on the shorter side of their hair. The only way to tell which is which is because of their outfits: while one wears black, the other wears red. However, they do often switch it up, so they cannot be told apart until they display their individual quirks.

## History

Nothing is known of their background, simply that they had performed various "dinners and shows" to enlighten carefully chosen individuals, which would lead to the murder of each one. They also somehow know Jude.

## Abilities

### Combat Skill

It is implied that they are highly trained in combat, able to fend off and kill twelve individuals on their own without a single injury, and be able to focus and attack in extremely precise ways that imply fatal injuries that do not instantly end their victims' lives.

Their weapons of choice are a handgun and a blade, and it appears that The Black One has an affinity for using the handgun while The Red One uses knives.

### Spectral Abilities

None of their abilities as spectrals have been shown off, and it is unknown if they are mediums or have tools.

## Relationships

### Jude

The twins implied that Jude works closely with a relative of theirs and that he once attended one of their shows and was the sole survivor of the massacre, but it is unknown what relative and how he survived. They imply that he is a close friend of theirs, and they have multiple ways to contact him.
Ellen Swallow Richards (1842 - 1911)

Ellen Swallow Richards was the first woman in the United States to be accepted at a scientific school (MIT, 1873). A chemist, she's credited with founding the discipline of home economics.

A US industrial and safety engineer, environmental chemist, and university faculty member. Her pioneering work in sanitary engineering, and experimental research in domestic science, laid a foundation for the new science of home economics.

She was the founder of the home economics movement characterized by the application of science to the home, and the first to apply chemistry to the study of nutrition.

Richards was the first woman in America accepted to any school of science and technology, and the first American woman to obtain a degree in chemistry, which she earned from Vassar College in 1870.

She was a "pragmatic feminist,"  as well as a founding ecofeminist, who thought that women's work within the home was a vital aspect of the economy. Source: wikipedia

## Known for

Home economics

Euthenics - In her book Euthenics: the science of controllable environment (1910), she defined the term as the betterment of living conditions, through conscious endeavor, for the purpose of securing efficient human beings.

School meals
British Fascisti

The flag of the British Fascisti

Led by the wealthy heiress Emma Picton-Bryant this fascist organisation is far more traditional and less revolutionary than its British Union of Fascist rivals. Key to the organisation is the preservation of the monarchy making them more acceptable to the Royalists than the BUF. More modest in strength, the British Fascisti can still, however, field several infantry formations and has considerable motorised resources, largely making use of members own vehicles customised for war. They also have recruited foreign volunteers mainly ex-czarist Russians and political reactionaries from other Slavic states.
Wangari Maathai (1940 - 2011)

Founder of the Green Belt movement in Kenya, Wangari Maathai was the first woman in central or eastern Africa to earn a Ph.D., and the first woman head of a university department in Kenya. She was also the first African woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.

## Known for

In 1971, she became the first Eastern African woman to receive a PhD, her doctorate in veterinary anatomy, from the University College of Nairobi, which became the University of Nairobi the following year. She completed her dissertation on the development and differentiation of gonads in bovines.
Controversies: personal, political, and science-based (questions about AIDS/hiv)

## Find more

The Green Belt Movement: Sharing the Approach and the Experience. Lantern Books. 2004. ISBN 978-1-59056-040-2.; (1985)

The bottom is heavy too: even with the Green Belt Movement : the Fifth Edinburgh Medal Address (1994)

Bottle-necks of development in Africa (1995)

The Canopy of Hope: My Life Campaigning for Africa, Women, and the Environment (2002)

Unbowed: A Memoir (2006) ISBN 9780307492333

Reclaiming rights and resources women, poverty and environment (2007)

Rainwater Harvesting (2008)

State of the world's minorities 2008: events of 2007 (2008)

The Challenge for Africa. Anchor Books. 2010. (2009)
Moral Ground: Ethical Action for a Planet in Peril. (2010) chapter Nelson, Michael P. and Kathleen Dean Moore (eds.). Trinity University Press

Replenishing the Earth (2010)

Works based on

Taking Root (2008)  documentary

Official Site: The Green Belt Movement and Wangari Maathai
Mary Leakey (1913 - 1996)

Mary Douglas Leakey was a British paleoanthropologist who discovered the first fossilised Proconsul skull, an extinct ape which is now believed to be ancestral to humans. For much of her career she worked with her husband, Louis Leakey, at Olduvai Gorge, where they uncovered fossils of ancient hominines and the earliest hominins, as well as the stone tools produced by the latter group. Mary Leakey developed a system for classifying the stone tools found at Olduvai. In 1972, after the death of her husband, Leakey became director of excavations at Olduvai. She maintained the Leakey family tradition of palaeoanthropology by training her son, Richard, in the field.

## Known for

Discovered the Laetoli footprints, and at the Laetoli site she discovered hominin fossils that were more than 3.75 million years old.

Discovered fifteen new species of animal. She also brought about the naming of a new genus.

*Excavations at Njoro River Cave* (with Louis Leakey), 1950

*Olduvai Gorge: Excavations in Beds I and II, 1960–1963*, 1971

*Olduvai Gorge: My Search for Early Man*, 1979

*Africa's Vanishing Art: The Rock Paintings of Tanzania*, 1983

*Disclosing the Past*, 1984

## Find more

Wikipedia

Leakey Foundation
Maria Sibylla Merian (1647 - 1717)

A German-born naturalist and scientific illustrator, a descendant of the Frankfurt branch of the Swiss Merian family. Merian was one of the first naturalists to observe insects directly.

In 1699 Merian travelled to Dutch Surinam to study and record the tropical insects. In 1705 she published Metamorphosis insectorum Surinamensium. Few color images of the New World were printed before 1700, and Merian's Metamorphosis has been credited with influencing a range of naturalist illustrators.

Because of her careful observations and documentation of the metamorphosis of the butterfly, she is considered by David Attenborough to be among the most significant contributors to the field of entomology. She was a leading entomologist of her time and she discovered many new facts about insect life through her studies.

Today, while Merian has experienced reinvigorated fame in the eyes of the art and science communities, some of her work has finally been accurately re-attributed to her daughters, Dorothea and Johanna. Joanna Helena Herolt often did not receive credit for her artwork because they were created in collaboration with her mother. Similarly, Dorothea Maria Graff's images have only recently been accredited to the German painter: Sam Segal has re-attributed 30 or 91 folios in the British Museum.

## Known for

Two-volume series on caterpillars (1679, 1683), illustrated and describing life cycle and metamorphosis

Color images from the "new world" (Suriman) (1705)

popular author: books went into several reprintings, continuing after her death

peripatetic life, including time with the Labadist Protestanad commune.

## Find more

Wikipedia

Summer Birds: The Butterflies of Maria Merian

Finding Wonders: Three Girls Who Changed Science

The Girl Who Drew Butterflies: How Maria Merian's Art Changed Science

Girls Who Looked Under Rocks: The Lives of Six Pioneering Naturalists
Maria Goeppert Mayer (1906 - 1972)

A mathematician and physicist, Maria Goeppert Mayer was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1963 for her work on the nuclear shell structure.

She developed a mathematical model for the structure of nuclear shells, for which she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1963, which she shared with J. Hans D. Jensen and Eugene Wigner.
"Some [schools] even condescended to give her work, though they refused to pay her, and the topics were typically 'feminine', such as figuring out what causes colors … the University of Chicago finally took her seriously enough to make her a professor of physics. Although she got her own office, the department still didn't pay her … When the Swedish academy announced in 1963 that she had won her profession's highest honor, the San Diego newspaper greeted her big day with the headline "S.D. Mother Wins Nobel Prize" "

## Known for

Nuclear shell model of the atomic nucleus
Sophie Germain (1776 - 1831)

Sophie Germain's work in number theory is foundational to the applied mathematics used in ​the construction of skyscrapers today, and her mathematical physics to the study of elasticity and acoustics. She was also the first woman not related to a member by marriage to attend Academie des Sciences meetings and the first woman invited to attend sessions at the Institut de France.

Marie-Sophie Germain was a French mathematician, physicist, and philosopher. Despite initial opposition from her parents and difficulties presented by society, she gained education from books in her father's library including ones by Leonhard Euler and from correspondence with famous mathematicians such as Lagrange, Legendre, and Gauss. One of the pioneers of elasticity theory, she won the grand prize from the Paris Academy of Sciences for her essay on the subject. Her work on Fermat's Last Theorem provided a foundation for mathematicians exploring the subject for hundreds of years after. Because of prejudice against her sex, she was unable to make a career out of mathematics, but she worked independently throughout her life. Source: Wikipedia

## Known for

Number theory

Elasticity

## Works based on

Germain was referenced and quoted in David Auburn's 2001 play *Proof*. The protagonist is a young struggling female mathematician, Catherine, who found great inspiration in the work of Germain. Germain was also mentioned in John Madden's film adaptation of the same play.

In the science-fiction novel *The Last Theorem* (2008), by Arthur C. Clarke and Frederik Pohl, Sophie Germain was credited with inspiring the central character, Ranjit Subramanian, to solve Fermat's Last Theorem.
Lady Mary Wortley Montagu (1689 - 1762)

English aristocrat, wife of the British ambassador to Turkey, defied convention by introducing smallpox inoculation into Western medicine. While visiting the Ottoman Empire, she leant about Turkish customs and witnessed the practice of inoculation against smallpox. Lady Mary was eager to spare her children the suffering of smallpox, so in 1718 she had her son Edward inoculated. On her return to London, she promoted the procedure, despite resistance from the medical establishment.

## Known for

Chiefly remembered for her letters from travels to the Ottoman Empire, which have been described by Billie Melman as "the very first example of a secular work by a woman about the Muslim Orient".

Aside from her writing, Lady Mary is also known for introducing and advocating for smallpox inoculation to Britain after her return from Turkey.

Her writings address and challenge the hindering contemporary social attitudes towards women and their intellectual and social growth

Widely traveled; lived in many countries, had many romantic relationships, including one aborted one when Alexander Pope declared his love to her and she responded with laughter.

## Find more

Wikipedia

Muslilm Heritage  entry (long entry with great references at the end)

Grundy, Isobel, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu: Comet of the Enlightenment. Oxford University Press, 1999; new edition in paperback in 2001 (read online here).
Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin ( 1900 - 1979)

Cecilia

Helena Payne-Gaposchkin (née Payne) was a British-born American astronomer and
astrophysicist who proposed in her 1925 doctoral thesis that stars were
composed primarily of hydrogen and helium. Her groundbreaking conclusion was
initially rejected because it contradicted the scientific wisdom of the time,
which held that there were no significant elemental differences between the Sun
and Earth. Independent observations eventually proved she was correct. Source: Wikipedia

Cecilia Payne’s mother refused to spend money on her college education, so she won a scholarship to Cambridge.

Cecilia Payne completed her studies, but Cambridge wouldn’t give her a degree because she was a woman, so she said to heck with that and moved to the United States to work at Harvard.

Cecilia Payne was the first person ever to earn a Ph.D. in astronomy from Radcliffe College, with what Otto Strauve called “the most brilliant Ph.D. thesis ever written in astronomy.”

Not only did Cecilia Payne discover what the universe is made of, she also discovered what the sun is made of (Henry Norris Russell, a fellow astronomer, is usually given credit for discovering that the sun’s composition is different from the Earth’s, but he came to his conclusions four years later than Payne—after telling her not to publish).

Cecilia Payne is the reason we know basically anything about variable stars (stars whose brightness as seen from earth fluctuates). Literally every other study on variable stars is based on her work.

Cecilia Payne was the first woman to be promoted to full professor from within Harvard, and is often credited with breaking the glass ceiling for women in the Harvard science department and in astronomy, as well as inspiring entire generations of women to take up science. Source: Twitter stream by @AishaRashwan

## Known for

Explanation of stellar spectra and composition of the Sun

More than 3,000,000 observations of variable stars

First person to earn a PhD in astronomy from Radcliffe College

Her observations and analysis of variable stars, carried out with her husband, Sergei Gaposchkin, laid the basis for all subsequent work on such objects

Payne-Gaposchkin remained scientifically active throughout her life, spending her entire academic career at Harvard. When she began, women were barred from becoming professors at Harvard, so she spent years doing less prestigious, low-paid research jobs. Nevertheless, her work resulted in several published books, including *The Stars of High Luminosity* (1930), *Variable Stars* (1938) and *Variable Stars and Galactic Structure* (1954). Mentor Harlow Shapley had made efforts to improve her position, and in 1938 she was given the title of "Astronomer". On Payne's request, her title was later changed to Phillips Astronomer.

## Find more

Wikipedia

*Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin: an autobiography and other recollections*

"Sisters of the Sun", eighth episode of Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey, 2014 American science documentary television series
Raye Montague (1935 - 2018)

Montague joined the United States Navy in 1956 in Washington, D.C., as a clerk typist. At work, she sat next to a 1950s UNIVAC I computer, watching the engineers operate it until one day, when all the engineers were sick, she jumped in to run the machine. She took computer programming at night school while continuing to work and learn the job.

In the 1970s, her department was allotted one month to create a computer-generated ship design. By modifying existing automated systems, Montague produced the initial draft for the Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate in less than 19 hours. With this accomplishment, she became the first **person** to design a ship using a computer system. She later worked on ships such as the Seawolf-class submarine and the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier Dwight D. Eisenhower. Source: Wikipedia

## Kn   own for

The first \***person\***to design a ship using a computer system

Managing design projects for US Navy

## Find more

The Girl With a Mind for Math: The Story of Raye Montague (Amazing Scientists series) (2018) by Julia Finley Mosca, illo by Daniel Rieley
Lise Meitner (1878 – 1968)

When Lise Meitner finished school at age 14, she was barred from higher education, as were all girls in Austria. But, inspired by the discoveries of William Röntgen and Henri Becquerel, she was determined to study radioactivity.

When she turned 21, women were finally allowed into Austrian universities. Two years of tutoring preceded her enrollment at the University of Vienna; there she excelled in math and physics and earned her doctorate in 1906.
She wrote to Marie Curie, but there was no room for her in the Paris lab and so Meitner made her way to Berlin.

There she collaborated with Otto Hahn on the study of radioactive elements, but as an Austrian Jewish woman (all three qualities were strikes against her), she was excluded from the main labs and lectures and allowed to work only in the basement.
In 1912, the pair moved to a new university and Meitner had better lab facilities. Though their partnership was split up physically when she was forced to flee Nazi Germany in 1938, they continued to collaborate.

Meitner continued her work in Sweden and after Hahn discovered that uranium atoms were split when bombarded with neutrons, she calculated the energy released in the reaction and named the phenomenon “nuclear fission.”
The discovery—which eventually led to the atomic bomb (“You must not blame scientists for the use to which war technicians have put our discoveries,” Meitner would say in 1945)—won Hahn the Nobel Prize in 1944.

Meitner, overlooked by the Nobel committee, refused to return to Germany after the war and continued her atomic research in Stockholm into her 80s. - source: Smithsonian magazine
Joy Adamson (1910 - 1980)

Friederike Victoria "Joy" Adamson (née Gessner) was a naturalist, artist and author who lived in Kenya in the 1950s. After her husband, a game warden, shot and killed a lioness, Adamson rescued one of the orphaned cubs. She later wrote "Born Free" about raising the cub, named Elsa, and releasing her back to the wild. The book was an international best-seller and earned Adamson acclaim for her conservation efforts.

She was murdered in Shaba National Reserve in Kenya in 1980; her husband, George, was murdered in 1989 in Kora National Park while rushing to the aid of a tourist (who lived) who was being attacked by poachers.

## Find More

Wikipedia

Born Free: A Lioness of Two Worlds, book by Joy Adamson, made into a 1966 fiction film

Living Free , book by Joy Adamson, made into a 1972 fiction film

Forever Free, book by Joy Adamson

The Searching Spirit : Joy Adamson's Autobiography

The Elsa Conservation Trust

## Works based on

*Wild Heart: The Story of Joy Adamson, Author of Born Free* by Anne E. Neimark.

*Sleeping With Lions* by Netta Pfeifer

*The Joy Adamson Story* (1980) - BBC program featuring interviews with Joy Adamson about her life and work in Austria and in Africa, and her famous lioness Elsa.
ABC's Saturday morning bumpers

*This is an article of the Saturday morning bumpers that were produced and directed by Rick Reinert from his animation studio.*

**Theme 1: ABC Saturday Morning All-Star Saturday (1977)**

In 1977, Reinert produced animated bumpers for commercial breaks, as they contain four stick characters, such as a small Asian girl, an adolescent boy, an African-American lady (with an Afro, which was trendy back in the day), and a miniature dog, which each bumper shows one or two characters. These bumpers ran until Fall 1979 (two months after the demolition of Disco), although they can be found on YouTube.

**Theme 2: Rick Reinert Bumpers (1980)**

Reinert made more bumpers in 1980, but this time, he uses inanimate objects as stick characters. These ran until Fall 1985 (which ran longer than the previous bumpers), although they can also be found on YouTube.
Fanny Hesse (1850 - 1934)

Fanny Hesse (born Angelina Fanny Elishemius) is best known for her work in microbiology alongside her husband, Walther Hesse.

Hesse worked in an unpaid capacity to assist her husband through preparing bacterial growth media, cleaning equipment and producing illustrations for publications.

In 1881, while her husband was working in the laboratory of German physician and microbiologist Robert Koch, Hesse suggested that agar was preferable to gelatin for cultivating bacteria. She was aware of the properties of agar as a gelling agent that maintained its gel properties at warm temperatures through using it at home to make puddings and jellies. A neighbor who had lived in Java had introduced agar to her when she lived in America.

This led to Koch using agar to cultivate the bacteria that cause tuberculosis. Although Koch, in an 1882 paper on tuberculosis bacilli, mentioned he used agar instead of gelatin, he did not credit either Hesse, or mention why he made the switch. Hesse's suggestion never resulted in financial benefit for the Hesse family

Source: Wikipedia

## Known for

Developing agar as a medium, paving the way for the Golden Age of Bacteriology

## Find More

The Forgotten Woman Who Made Microbiology Possible , Popular Science (2014)

Fanny and Hesse Early Contributors to Microbioloty , New York Essays (2016)
Marie Curie (1867 - 1934)

Marie Skłodowska Curie was a Polish and naturalized-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, the first person and only woman to win twice, the only person to win a Nobel Prize in two different sciences, and was part of the Curie family legacy of five Nobel Prizes.

Her achievements included the development of the theory of radioactivity (a term that she coined), techniques for isolating radioactive isotopes, and the discovery of two elements, polonium and radium. Under her direction, the world's first studies into the treatment of neoplasms were conducted using radioactive isotopes. She founded the Curie Institutes in Paris and in Warsaw, which remain major centres of medical research today. During World War I she developed mobile radiography units to provide X-ray services to field hospitals.- source: Wikipedia

## Known for

Radioactivity
Polonium
Radium

## Works based on

A number of biographies are devoted to her. In 1938 her daughter, Ève Curie, published *Madame Curie*. In 1987 Françoise Giroud wrote *Marie Curie: A Life*. In 2005 Barbara Goldsmith wrote *Obsessive Genius: The Inner World of Marie Curie*. In 2011 Lauren Redniss published *Radioactive: Marie and Pierre Curie, a Tale of Love and Fallout*.

Greer Garson and Walter Pidgeon starred in the 1943 U.S. Oscar-nominated film, *Madame Curie*, based on her life. In 1997, a French film about Pierre and Marie Curie was released, *Les Palmes de M. Schutz*, adapted from a play of the same name.

*Manya: The Living History of Marie Curie* (2014), a one-woman show performed by Susan Marie Frontczak

*False Assumptions* (2013), a play by Lawrence Aronovitch about the life of Curie, in which the ghosts of three other women scientists observe events in her life, including Rosalind Franklin, pioneer in DNA discovery
Rosalind Franklin (1920 – 1958)

James Watson and Francis Crick get credit for determining the structure of DNA, but their discovery relied on the work of Rosalind Franklin. As a teenager in the 1930s, Franklin attended one of the few girls’ schools in London that taught physics and chemistry, but when she told her father that she wanted to be a scientist, he rejected the idea. He eventually relented and she enrolled at Cambridge University, receiving a doctorate in physical chemistry.

She learned techniques for X-ray crystallography while in Paris, returning to England in 1951 to work in the laboratory of John Randall at King’s College, London. There she made X-ray images of DNA. She had nearly figured out the molecule’s structure when Maurice Wilkins, another researcher in Randall’s lab who was also studying DNA, showed one of Franklin’s X-ray images to James Watson. Watson quickly figured out the structure was a double helix and, with Francis Crick, published the finding in the journal *Nature*.

Watson, Crick and Wilkins won a Nobel Prize in 1962 for their discovery. Franklin, however, had already died, of ovarian cancer in 1958.

## Known for

Structure of DNA
Fine structure of coal and graphite
Virus structures

Controversies: allegations of sexism at Kings College London and elsewhere, debate over her contribution to the model of DNA (see links on Wikipedia )

## Find more

Wikipedia

"My aunt, the DNA pioneer," article by Stephen Franklin for BBC News

Rosalind Franklin: The Dark Lady of DNA

## Works based on

(Many, including)

Franklin's part in the discovery of the nature of DNA was shown in the 1987 TV Movie Life Story, starring Juliet Stevenson as Franklin. This movie portrayed Franklin as somewhat stern, but also alleged that Watson and Crick did use a lot of her work to do theirs.

A 56-minute documentary of the life and scientific contributions of Franklin, DNA – Secret of Photo 51, was broadcast in 2003 on PBS Nova.

The first episode of a 2004 PBS documentary serial, DNA, episode title The Secret of Life, centers much around the contributions of Franklin

A Question of Life (2005), a play by  Deborah Gearing about Franklin and her work

Photograph 51 (2011-15), a play by Anna Ziegler, focusing on the 1951–53 "race" for the structure of DNA sometimes emphasizes the pivotal role of Franklin's research and her personality

False Assumptions (2013), a play by Lawrence Aronovitch is about the life of Marie Curie, in which Franklin is portrayed as frustrated and angry at the lack of recognition for her scientific contributions.
Milk

Wow!!! Big love!

Rei's Spine (Rei)

onion cell (Self)

Hug bot! (Self)

Same Braincell (The server)

me-ilk

mew-lik

Meowlk

mewlk

**Milk** (aka Solar) is one of the players for the aprilside campaign. They play Tobi and have a huge case of the 'I love my friends' disease. Canonically they have one (1) braincell that they share with the other players. Married to Ryan, we're spouses. :/ That's just how it is...

## Stories

### The Inner Circle

"The Inner Circle" is the storyline revolving around Tobi's mother Kieu, her business, and her Inner Circle.

#### Clarity

Why did she lock Duc up? What's she up to? What's her deal? Find out on the next episode of Yugioh GX.

### The Royal House of Cards

A contributing member to a storyline devised by Rei!

### Statewide Search

A secondary storyline involving a strange group of people with state codenames.

## Other Mysteries

* **What happened with Dominic and Tobi:** What exactly caused this rift between old friends?

* **Who is Doctor Caster:** Why does he have so many kids???
* **Swarming dragonflies:** What the FUCK is with these spirits following Cynthia around.
* **Nilla:** What's this kid's deal? Where's their brother?
* **The bastards.** What did they do to Graham? Are they all Like That?
* **The Coronis Effect:** Have you seen the other spirits lately?
* **Not an angel:** Whats up with ??? anyways?
* Theres... A house In the Woods. Nobody's lived there in such a long time, nobody wants to, somebody will. Spirits? Ghosts? I wouldn't know. But somebody does. And that knowledge **grows**.

## Trivia

### Quotes

* *(To the DMs when they started talking about the Arcs)* "its like jesus standing in target talking to his dude friend john like 'okay so i guess ill just turn it to wine' but you dont know about the bible and these guys are scaring you... youre the dude friend john and i guess ryan is jesus? but ur in target"
* *(In General)* "hehehehehehehehheheeheheheheheheheh"
* *(Multiple times without prompt)* HFKSJFKD
* *(To Ryan)* I just remembered I love knuckles
* "Checkmate atheists"
* *(To a Villain)* "\_\_\_ Die Challenge"
* *(When something dubious comes up)* "listen,"
* *(Before not sleeping)* "alright im gonna head to bed gnigh!!!"
* *(to Rei or Ryan)* "Y-yea?"
* *(probably at some point)* ">:3c I'm rude now"

### Fun Facts!

* Would die for their friends
* sHUT UP REI YOU'RE LOVELY???
* uhhh can only make babies apparently
* suffers from 0 confidence disorder
* Is like... 5'.... small...
* Milk regularly makes Too Many Characters for things they participate in. Many of their characters in Aprilside can also be seen at their collaborative BNHA ask blog, bnha-hijinks.
* Milk's process of making characters includes draw first, think later. This is evident in all of their characters so far!
* Milk met Ender two years before meeting the others but was too shy to talk to her...

 Adults
Charlotte Angas Scott (1858 - 1931)

British mathematician who made her career in the United States and was influential in the development of American mathematics, including the mathematical education of women. Scott played an important role in Cambridge changing the rules for its famous Mathematical Tripos exam.

Moving to the United States in 1885, she became one of eight founding faculty and Associate Professor of Mathematics at Bryn Mawr College, and Professor from 1888 to 1917. She was the first mathematician at Bryn Mawr College and the first department head. During this period she directed the PhD theses of many pioneering women mathematicians. Of the nine women to earn doctorates in mathematics in the nineteenth century, three studied with Scott.

In 1891 she became the first woman to join the New York Mathematical Society, which later became the American Mathematical Society. She served as the first woman on the first Council of the American Mathematical Society in 1894, and received an acclaimed review from the Society in 1896. She is also credited with being the author of the first mathematical research paper written in the US to be widely recognised in Europe, "A Proof of Noether's Fundamental Theorem." (see also entry on Emmy Noether )

In 1906 Scott developed an acute case of rheumatoid arthritis, which along with her increasing deafness, interrupted her work. Under the advice of a doctor to get outside exercise, Scott began gardening and developed a new strain of chrysanthemum.

She retired in 1924, but stayed an extra year in Bryn Mawr to help her eighth doctoral student complete her dissertation before she returned to and settled in Cambridge.

She died in 1931 and buried in Cambridge, in her cousin Eliza Nevin's grave. Source: wikipedia

## Known for

algebraic curves

*An Introductory Account of Certain Modern Ideas and Methods in Plane Analytical Geometry* was published in 1894 and reprinted thirty years later.
Ryan

In My Natural Gay Panic Stance

Ry (a lot of people)

Vore Sheriff (myself)

Hi I'm Ryan and I'm the worst, but my spouse Milk is the best. Opposites attract, y'know.

I'm well-known for making a new AU what seems like every single day, and I literally will not be stopped.

## Storylines

### Main Campaign

In which the characters learn about Aprilside, the Guardians, and all the other funky things involving those big spirits. I'm co-DMing this with Rei, who's great and I love him.

### The Royal House of Cards

I'm helping out a tiny bit with this one thing of Rei's!!

### The Guard (Post-Scratch)

A network of spectrals in town, run by Bathilda and Ryker Phillips. However, something's real fucky about those two...

### Black Horse Beauty

What makes a shining star of a man suddenly quit his rising band when he's at the top of his game?

### The Tree of Life

A Contract yet incomplete. A future we cannot meet. A monster man who plans to eat. A doctor full of lies and deceit.

### Mint Daydreams

A 5 year old boy is found frozen dead at the edge of a river. Who, when, where, why, how?

### Other Mysteries

**The Watching Eyes of the Mountain:** Yellow-green in color.

**Casey's Mom Has Got It Goin' On:** What is this entire family, and who all is in it.

**The Hole:** It's weird and it might be sentient.

## Quotes

* *(Upon seeing an attractive character)* "can I d-"
* *(Doing literally anything)* "u.u"
* *(Upon seeing any character in distress)* "pLEASE CAN I HELP THEM-"
* *(Seeing a cute thing)* "cyoot!"
* *(Apparently it's strange to type this)* "um" "uh"

## Trivia

* I can and will and have cried about every character there is.
* Making fun of characters is my specialty.
* Breaking kneecaps is also my specialty.
* I have the highest STR and CON of all the players because I haven't registered pain in ten years, my bones are so strong-
* I make up AUs all the time to cope with how Fucking Dark this campaign is.
* Also I rewrote all my goddamn lore because I'm a pussy bitch and I wanted a more light-hearted campaign on my part.
Sarah Stewart (1905 - 1976)

A Mexican American researcher who pioneered the field of viral oncology research, the first to show that cancer-causing viruses can spread from animal to animal. She and Bernice Eddy co-discovered the first polyoma virus, and Stewart-Eddy polyoma virus is named after them. Took a circuitious route to find her calling in science.

She did her undergraduate work at the New Mexico State University, graduating with a Bachelor of Science in 1927. She went on to earn a master's degree from the University of Massachusetts Amherst in 1930 and a Ph.D in microbiology from the University of Chicago in 1939. In 1949, she became the first woman to be awarded an MD Degree from Georgetown University School of Medicine.

## Known for

First woman awarded MD degree from Georgetown (at 43)

## Find more

Wikipedia

The Woman Who Revealed the Missing Link Between Viruses and Cancer , Smithsonian magazine (2019)
Ruth Benerito (1916 - 2013)

Ruth Mary Rogan Benerito was a US chemist and inventor known for her work related to the textile industry, notably including the development of wash-and-wear cotton fabrics. She held 55 patents. Source: Wikipedia

## Known for

Wrinkle-free cotton fiber

Benerito's research led to the development of glassy fibers that proved useful in the manufacture of laboratory equipment

During the Korean War, she developed a way to give fat intravenously to patients who were too sick to eat—a method used to feed seriously wounded soldiers.

## Find more

Wikipedia

"The Woman Who Changed America's Social Fabric ... With Actual Fabric," Atlantic.com
Virginia Apgar (1909 - 1974)

Virginia Apgar was a US obstetrical anesthesiologist, best known as the inventor of the Apgar score, a way to quickly assess the health of a newborn child immediately after birth. She was a leader in the fields of anesthesiology and teratology, and introduced obstetrical considerations to the established field of neonatology.

She was discouraged by the chairman of surgery at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center from continuing her career as a surgeon; instead, he encouraged her to practice anesthesiology because he felt that advancements in anesthesia were needed to further advance surgery and that she had the "energy and ability" to make a significant contribution.
Apgar was the first woman to head a specialty division at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center (now NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital) and Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. In conjunction with Dr. Allen Whipple, she started P&S's anesthesia division. She was placed in charge of the division's administrative duties and was also tasked with coordinating the staffing of the division and its work throughout the hospital. Throughout much of the 1940s, she was an administrator, teacher, recruiter, coordinator and practicing physician. source: Wikipedia

In 1952, Apgar made her most significant contribution to medicine. She developed the Apgar score, a system of rating the pulse, respiration, muscle tone, color and reflexes of a newborn baby. Her system of evaluating a newborn's health in the first, critical minutes after birth has saved countless lives and remains in use today. Apgar also founded a subspecialty field, perinatology, which is concerned with fetal health and complicated pregnancies.

At age 50, Apgar started a second career, earning a master's degree in public health. As an executive at the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis (March of Dimes), she traveled the world, raising awareness about birth defects, and money for medical research. She died in 1974. (source: PBS-Who Made America? )
She traveled with her violin, often playing in amateur chamber quartets wherever she happened to be.
Throughout her career, Apgar maintained that "women are liberated from the time they leave the womb" and that being female had not imposed significant limitations on her medical career. She avoided women's organizations and causes, for the most part. Though she sometimes privately expressed her frustration with gender inequalities (especially in the matter of salaries), she worked around these by consistently pushing into new fields where there was room to exercise her considerable energy and abilities. source: Wikipedia

## Known for

Inventor of the Apgar score

Child-health lecturer

## Find more

Wikipedia

*Is My Baby All Right? A Guide to Birth Defects*(1972) by Virginia Apgar with Joan Beck

The Virginia Apgar papers (NIH)
Anna J. Harrison (1912 - 1998)

Anna Jane Harrison was a US organic chemist and a professor of

chemistry at Mount Holyoke College for nearly forty years. She was the first
female President of the American Chemical Society, and the recipient of twenty
honorary degrees. She was nationally known for her teaching and was active
nationally and internationally as a supporter of women in science. Source: Wikipedia

## Known for

Researched the structure of organic compounds and their interaction with light, particularly in the UV and far UV bands.

In 1942 while on leave from teaching during World War II, Harrison conducted secret wartime research at the University of Missouri. In 1944, she conducted research on toxic smoke for the National Defense Research Committee, the A.J. Griner Co. in Kansas City, Missouri and Corning Glass Works in Corning, New York. Her work was instrumental in the creation of smoke-detecting field kits for the United States Army

First woman president of the American Chemical Society

After retirement from Mount Holyoke College, she taught at the US Naval Academy in Annapolis, MD
Mary Catherine Bateson (1939 - )

Mary Catherine Bateson is a US  writer and cultural anthropologist. Bateson is a noted author in her field with many published monographs. Among her books is *With a Daughter's Eye: A Memoir of Margaret Mead and Gregory Bateson*, a recounting of her upbringing by two famous anthropologist parents. She has taught at Harvard, Amherst, and George Mason University, among others. Bateson is a fellow of the International Leadership Forum and was president of the Institute for Intercultural Studies in New York until 2010. source: Wikipedia

Bateson was once known as Dr. Spock’s first baby (he was her mother, Margaret Mead's pediatrician) and a product of “the best-documented childhood in the United States,” as she wrote in a memoir about her parents

## Known for

*With a Daughter's Eye: A Memoir of Margaret Mead and Gregory Bateson (1984)*

*Thinking AIDS* (1988) with Richard Goldsby

*Composing a Life* (1991)

*Composing a Further Life: The Age of Active Wisdom* (2010)

## Find more

Wikipedia
"An Anthropologist's Take on Homemaking," NY Times 2010
Dragon King & Knight Queen

The self-created motif of the existence and pairs of Dragon Kings and Knight Queens comes from probably the best AU fanfic that Ryan has ever written. While it applied solely to Reuben Parker and Caelum Phillips in the fic, it can be stretched over to multiple characters of theirs.

## Background

> *The time flies as they continue to make their marks on the world and leave behind a trail of second-class players in their game of Life and Love. Once the dust has settled, they are ready to build their kingdom.*
>
>

Based on the well-known tale of a princess locked in a tower and guarded by a dragon, to be eventually saved by a knight in shining armor, the pair is to be seen as an unlikely duo, either in their opposing backgrounds, opposing personalities, or opposing viewpoints. However, with the skill and wit of the duo, it is easy for them to cultivate power and make a "kingdom" of their own, whether that be literal or figurative.

## The Dragon King

> *They gave the world a Dragon King. A teen with the mind of a man and the soul of a beast. An unending love, of which he would drive himself to the ends of the earth in hopes of proving. An unpredictable power, of which he would crumble kingdoms in hopes of cultivating. An unceasing hunger, of which he would consume the world in hopes of satisfying. A force of chaos whose unbreaking confidence and curiosity made him all the more charming.*
>
>

## The Knight Queen

> *They gave the world a Knight Queen. A teen who stamped their path of success as their own, fate and destiny and familial influences be damned. An ever-leading and ever-serving royal to the people. A benevolent ruler whose eyes hid the heart of a warrior, ready at any moment to cut down any obstacle in their path with a blade so sharp it would be blinding just to set your eyes upon it. An ethereal beauty that left the masses falling to their knees, desperate to even touch such wonder, to even gaze upon such grace, to even be gazed upon in return.*
>
>

## Known Pairs

### Charleston Parker & Maxwell Angel

The original two members of this motif, and even after the post-scratch version of this story, they remain the best contenders for the strongest pair of royals among the four. They have yet to build their "kingdom" in-game.

### Reuben Parker & Caelum Phillips

These were the first two publicly pointed out members of this motif. Although it was in an alternate universe writing, they are still well on their way to becoming their own powerful pair of royals.

### Ryker Phillips & Bathilda Phillips

A somewhat darker take on this motif, these two have already cultivated their kingdom.

## Trivia

* It could be argued that Maxwell is the Knight Queen to Thaddeus' Dragon King, and I'm (Ryan) the only person arguing that point, and no one's technically opposing me. We'll see how this campaign plays out.
* It could also be argued that Caroline Goldstein is the Knight Queen to Charles' Dragon King, but I don't know if Rei is in on this bit or if they even want to be.
Alice Catherine Evans (1881 - 1975)

Alice Catherine Evans was a pioneering US microbiologist. She became a researcher at the US Department of Agriculture. There she investigated bacteriology in milk and cheese. She later demonstrated that Bacillus abortus caused the disease Brucellosis (undulant fever or Malta fever) in both cattle and humans. source: Wikipedia

## Known for

Demonstrating that *bacillus abortus*caused Burcellosis
She was the first woman scientist to hold a permanent position as a USDA bacteriologist and as a civil service worker was protected by law
First female president of the Society of American Bacteriologists, elected in 1928

## Find more

Wikipedia
Memoirs by Alice Evans (PDF )