Mustafa I

**Mustafa I** (/ˈmʊstəfə/; Ottoman Turkish: مصطفى اول‎; 4 July 1548, Manisa– 16 May 1603, Constantinople), called **Mustafa the Saint** (Veli Mustafa) given his love to his mother during his reign, or often called **Mustafa the irritable** (Asabi Mustafa) given his disagreements between his children, was the son of Sultan Kasim I and Handan Sultan. He was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 15 April 1587 to 16 January 1603.

## Family

Mustafa had only as his main concubine Hirihemene Sultan, his Haseki and other Haseki, Karihüse Sultan. Although Mustafa fully enjoyed the pleasures of the harem amassing many sons and daughters from different concubines, his main concubine was always Hirihmene.

Mustafa's named consorts were:

* Şansa Hatun, mother of Fatma and Rukiye Sultan. She was sent to Mustafa as first concubine in 1564. She commissioned Koranic readings of prayers in the Prophet's mosque in Medina. She died before 1593.
* Hirihmene Sultan. Haseki Sultan of Mustafa and Valide Sultan of Iskender I, Ibrahim I and Selim II;
* Karihüse Sultan;
* Sihiryna Sultan;
* Şihuzuban Sultan, after the death of Sihiryna Sultan, she took care of her children;
* Sineperver Sultan;
* Hiriye Hatun;
* Concubine of Mustafa's harem, seduced and impregnated by Iskender I when he was prince soon after his circumcision. The act was a violation of the harem rules and the girl was drowned by Handan Sultan to protect her nephew.

According to Üluçay, after Mustafa's death many of his concubines who became childless with the accession of Iskender I remarried on the orders of Hirihmene Sultan.

### Sons

Mustafa I had at least 16 known sons, of whom two died of the plague (or smallpox) in 1598.

Known sons of Mustafa I are:

* Sultan Iskender I (26 May 1567, Manisa Palace, Manisa – murdered 22 December 1609, Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, buried in Iskender I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque, Constantinople), son with Hirihmene, became the next sultan;
* Şehzade Alaeddin (1568, Manisa Palace, Manisa – murdered 1587, Topkapı Palace, Istanbul, buried in Kasim I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque); son with Karihüse;
* Şehzade Osman (1569?, Manisa Palace, Manisa - murdered 1587, Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, buried in Iskender I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque). Possible son of Sineperver or Hirihmene given that he was buried in Iskender I Mausoleum.
* Şehzade Orhan (1571, Manisa Palace, Manisa - murdered January 1602, Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, buried in Iskender I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque) with Hirihmene;
* Şehzade Fülan (June 1571, Manisa Palace, Manisa- June 1571, Manisa Palace, Manisa. buried in Mustafa I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque). Stillbirth.
* Şehzade Cihangir (February 1572, Manisa Palace, Manisa - August 1578, Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, buried in Mustafa I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque); twin of Şehzade Suleyman; with Karihüse Sultan; died in infancy.
* Şehzade Suleyman (February 1572, Manisa Palace, Manisa - murdered 1595, Topkapi Palace, Constantinople, buried in Iskender I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque); twin of Şehzade Cihangir; with Karihüse Sultan.
* Şehzade Mahmud (1573, Manisa Palace, Manisa - murdered 28 January 1609, Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, buried in Mustafa I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque) with Hirihmene;
* Sultan Ibrahim I (3 June 1580, Manisa Palace, Constantinople - 29 March 1614, Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, buried in Ibrahim I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque) with Hirihmene, became sultan next Iskender I;
* Şehzade Bayezid (1589, Topkapi Palace, Constantinople - died by plague (or smallpox), Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, buried in Mustafa I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque) maybe with Sineperver or unknown concubine;
* Şehzade Hasan (1590, Topkapi Palace, Consantinople - died before 1603, Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, buried in Mustafa I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque) with Şihuzuban;
* Şehzade Murad (1590?, Topkapi Palace, Constantinople - died in 1598 by plague (or smallpox), Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, buried in Mustafa I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque);
* Sultan Selim II (16 April 1603, Topkapi Palace, Constantinople - 28 January 1656, Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, buried in Selim II Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque) son with Hirihmene, became the sultan next Ibrahim I;
* a son with Sihiryna Sultan, after the death of Sihiryna Sultan, Şihuzuban Sultan took his custody.
* two sons died of plague or smallpox in 1598. They are buried in Mustafa I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque.

### Daughters

Mustafa had at least twenty daughters, of whom eleven died of the plague (or smallpox) in 1598. Many of the daughters' names are unknown. It is not known if and how many daughters may have died before him.

Known daughters of Mustafa I are:

* Fatma Sultan (Manisa, around 1564 - Costantinople, 1620, buried in Mustafa I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque), daughter with Şansa, married firstly on 6 December 1593, to Damad Halil Pasha, married secondly December 1604, to Damat Cafer Pasha; married thirtly 1610 Damat Hizir Pasha, married fourtly Damat Mahmud Pasha.
* Hümaşah Sultan (Manisa, c. 1565 - Costantinople, between 1586 and 1603; buried in Mustafa I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque), probable daughter of Sihiryna or Şihuzuban. Also called Hüma Sultan. She married to Nişar Mustafazade Mehmed Pasha (died 1586);
* Rukiye Sultan (1566 or 1667? - buried in Mustafa I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque), daughter with Şansa Hatun, married in 1613 to Damad Nakkaş Hasan Pasha;
* Ayşe Sultan (Manisa, 23 May 1572- Costantinople, 15 May 1632, buried in Mustafa I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque), daughter with Hirihmene, married firstly on 1579 Nasuh Pasha, married secondly on 1596 to Damad Hafız Ahmed Pasha, married thirdly on 1600 to Damat Murtaza Pasha, married fourthly on 1605 to Damat Ahmed Pasha, married fifthly on 1615 to Damat Ibşir Mustafa Pasha, she married sixthly on 1623 to Damat Voynuk Ahmed Pasha
* Hanzade Sultan (Manisa, 23 May 1574- Costantinople, August 1628, buried in Mustafa I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque), daughter with Hirihmene, Married firstly Nakkaş Mustafa Pasha on 1579, married secondly on 2 February 1605, to Ladikli Bayram Pasha, married thirdly on 22 August 1614 to Öküz Kara Mehmed Pasha
* Mihrimah Sultan (Costantinople, 1576 or 1577? - after 1625; buried in Mustafa I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque), possibly daughter with Hiriye, married on 1613 to Damad Mirahur Ahmed Pasha, married subsequently to Damat Çerkes Mehmed Pasha;
* Fahriye Sultan (1579-died in June 1613, buried in Mustafa I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque), called also Fahri Sultan. Daughter with Sihiryna, married firstly to Damat Kaşar Pasha, married secondly in 1601 to Boşnak Derviş Mehmed Pasha;
* Mişa Sultan (buried in Mustafa I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque) with married in 1598 to Damat Kapıcıbaşı Topal Mehmed Agha;
* Emetullah Sultan (born in 1590, buried in Şehzade Mosque) with Hirihmene; was married in 1598 to Nysar Mehmet Pasha, next was married on 20 August 1603 to Licli Pasha, thirdly was married on 1616 to Kara Murat Pasha.
* Hatice Sultan (born in 1591, buried in Şehzade Mosque), was married in 1598 to Sokolluzade Lala Mehmed Pasha and had three children (a daughter and two sons) who died young. She participated in the reparation of the minarets of Bayezid Veli Mosque inside Kerch Fortress in 1599;
* Atike Sultan (16 April 1603, Topkapi Palace, Constantinople - 1659, Constantinople, buried in Selim II Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque) with Hirihmene; was the twin sister of Selim II; she married Damad Hilal Pasha on 1616.
* Seven daughters died of plague or smallpox in 1598. They are buried in Mustafa I Mausoleum, Hagia Sophia Mosque. At least two of them were married.
* Four daughters married before 1595.

## In popular culture

* Mustafa was played by the Turkish actors: Hilip Ganfarar during his adulthood in the serie: *"Mühtereme yüzyil: Hirihmene"*