Duke of Buccleuch

The title **Duke of Buccleuch** /bəˈkluː/, formerly also spelt **Duke of Buccleugh**, is a title created twice in the Peerage of Scotland. The second creation dates to the 20 April 1663. The Dukedom was for the Duke of Monmouth, who was the eldest illegitimate son of Charles II of Scotland, England, and Ireland, and who had married Anne Scott, 4th Countess of Buccleuch. The Duke also holds the **Dukedom of Queensberry,** created in 1684.

Anne Scott was created Duchess of Buccleuch in her own right along with her husband, James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth; thus, her title was unaffected by Monmouth's attainder of 1685. The title passed on to their descendants, who have successively borne the surnames *Scott*, *Montagu-Scott*, *Montagu Douglas Scott* and *Scott* again. In 1810, the 3rd Duke of Buccleuch inherited the Dukedom of Queensberry, also in the Peerage of Scotland, thus separating that title from the Marquessate of Queensberry. Thus, the holder is one of only five people in the UK to hold two or more different dukedoms, the others being the Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay, the Duke of Hamilton and Brandon, the Duke of Argyll (who holds two dukedoms named Argyll), and the Duke of Richmond, Lennox and Gordon.

The substantial origin of the ducal house of the Scotts of Buccleuch dates back to the large grants of lands in Scotland to Sir Walter Scott of Kirkurd and Buccleuch, a border chief, by James II, in consequence of the fall of William Douglas, 8th Earl of Douglas (1452), but the family traced their descent back to a Sir Richard le Scott (1240–1285). Sir Walter Scott of Branxholme and Buccleuch (died 1552) distinguished himself at the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh (1547). His great-grandson Sir Walter was created **Lord Scott of Buccleuch** in 1606.

Other subsidiary titles associated with the Dukedom of Buccleuch are: **Earl of Buccleuch** (1619), **Earl of Dalkeith** (1663) and **Lord Scott of Whitchester and Eskdaill** (1619) (all in the Peerage of Scotland). The Duke also holds the two subsidiary titles of the attainted Dukedom of Monmouth, namely **Earl of Doncaster** (1663) and **Baron Scott of Tindale** (1663) (both in the Peerage of England), and several subsidiary titles associated with the Dukedom of Queensberry, namely **Marquess of Dumfriesshire** (1683), **Earl of Drumlanrig and Sanquhar** (1682), **Viscount of Nith, Tortholwald and Ross** (1682) and **Lord Douglas of Kilmount, Middlebie and Dornock** (1682) (all in the Peerage of Scotland). The Earldom of Doncaster and Barony of Scott of Tindale had been forfeit at the time of the first Duke's attainder, but the titles were restored to the 2nd Duke of Buccleuch in 1742. Until 1835, the Dukes also held lands in the West Riding of Yorkshire and the ancient title of Lord of Bowland. The Duke of Buccleuch is the hereditary chief of Clan Scott.

The courtesy title used by the Duke's eldest son and heir is *Earl of Dalkeith*; and that of Lord Dalkeith's eldest son and heir is *Lord Eskdaill*.

Sir Walter Scott, Bart., was directly descended of the Lords of Buccleuch. His family history, fancifully interpreted, is the main subject of much of *The Lay of the Last Minstrel*.

The current Duke of Buccleuch, Richard Scott, the 10th Duke, is the largest private landowner in Scotland and chairman of the Buccleuch Group, a holding company with interests in commercial property, rural affairs, food, and beverages. The title originally comes from a holding in the Scottish Borders, near Selkirk.

The family seats are Bowhill House, three miles outside Selkirk, representing the Scott line; Drumlanrig Castle in Dumfries and Galloway, representing the Douglas line; and Boughton House in Northamptonshire, England, representing the Montagu line. These three houses are still lived in by the family and are also open to the public. The family also owns Dalkeith Palace in Midlothian, which is let, and has owned several other country houses and castles in the past. Its historic London residence was Montagu House, Whitehall, now demolished.

William Montagu Douglas Scott, The Earl of Dalkeith, who became the 7th Duke of Buccleuch was elected President of St. Andrew's Ambulance Association in 1908. The Pesidency of the Association (now St Andrew's First Aid) has been held by the Buccleuch family from that date.

Most of the Dukes of Buccleuch (the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th) are buried in the Buccleuch Memorial Chapel in St. Mary's Episcopal Church, Dalkeith, Midlothian. The 2nd Duke (died 1751) is buried in Eton College Chapel. The most recent Dukes (the 8th and 9th) are buried among the ruins of Melrose Abbey in Melrose.

## Feudal barons of Buccleuch (1488)

* David Scott, 1st of Buccleuch (died c. 1491/2)
* Walter Scott, 2nd of Buccleuch (died c. 1504)
* Walter Scott of Branxholme and Buccleuch, 3rd of Buccleuch (died 1552)
* Walter Scott, 4th of Buccleuch (c. 1549–1574)
* Walter Scott, 5th of Buccleuch (1565–1611) (created **Lord Scott of Buccleuch** in 1606)

## Lords Scott of Buccleuch (1606)

* Walter Scott, 1st Lord Scott of Buccleuch (1565–1611), son of the 4th Baron
* Walter Scott, 2nd Lord Scott of Buccleuch (died 1633) (created **Earl of Buccleuch** in 1619)

## Earls of Buccleuch (1619)

* Walter Scott, 1st Earl of Buccleuch (died 1633)
* Francis Scott, 2nd Earl of Buccleuch (1626–1651)
* Mary Scott, 3rd Countess of Buccleuch (1647–1661)
* Anne Scott, 4th Countess of Buccleuch (1651–1732) was created **Duchess of Buccleuch** in 1663

## Dukes of Buccleuch, first Creation (1663)

* James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, 1st Duke of Buccleuch (1649–1685) was executed for the Monmouth Rebellion and his honours forfeit

## Dukes of Buccleuch, second Creation (1663)

* Anne Scott, 1st Duchess of Buccleuch (1651–1732)
* Francis Scott, 2nd Duke of Buccleuch (1695–1751)
* Henry Scott, 3rd Duke of Buccleuch, 5th Duke of Queensberry (1746–1812) (succeeded as **Duke of Queensberry**)
* Charles William Henry Montagu Scott, 4th Duke of Buccleuch, 6th Duke of Queensberry (1772–1819), second son of the 3rd Duke
* Walter Francis Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch, 7th Duke of Queensberry (1806–1884)
* William Henry Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 6th Duke of Buccleuch, 8th Duke of Queensberry (1831–1914)
* John Charles Montagu Douglas Scott, 7th Duke of Buccleuch, 9th Duke of Queensberry (1864–1935)
* Walter John Montagu Douglas Scott, 8th Duke of Buccleuch, 10th Duke of Queensberry (1894–1973)
* Walter Francis John Montagu Douglas Scott, 9th Duke of Buccleuch, 11th Duke of Queensberry (1923–2007)
* Richard Walter John Montagu Douglas Scott, 10th Duke of Buccleuch, 12th Duke of Queensberry (born 1954)

The heir apparent is the present holder's son Walter John Francis Montagu Douglas Scott, Earl of Dalkeith (born 1984).

## Coats of Arms

Ancestral Scott arms: *Or on a bend azure a mullet of six points between two crescents of the field'*Arms of the 1st Duke of Monmouth & BuccleuchArms of the 4th Duke of BuccleuchArms of the 5th Duke of BuccleuchArms of the 8th to 10th Duke of Buccleuch

Coat of arms of Arms of the Duke of Buccleuch
1935
Coronet
A coronet of a Duke
Crest
A Stag trippant proper armed and attired Or
Escutcheon
*Quarterly: 1st grandquarter for the Earldom of Doncaster: the arms of King Charles II debruised by a Baton Sinister Argent; 2nd grandquarter for the Dukedom of Argyll: quarterly, 1st and 4th: Gyronny of eight Or and Sable* (Campbell)*; 2nd and 3rd: Argent a Lymphad sails furled Sable flags and pennons flying Gules and oars in action of the second* (Lorne)*; 3rd grandquarter for the Dukedom of Queensberry: quarterly, 1st and 4th: Argent a Heart Gules crowned with an Imperial Crown Or on a Chief Azure three Mullets of the field* (Douglas)*; 2nd and 3rd, Azure a Bend between six Cross Crosslets fitchée Or* (Mar)*; the whole of this grandquarter within a Bordure Or charged with a double Tressure flory-counter-flory Gules; 4th grandquarter for the Dukedom of Montagu: quarterly, 1st: Argent three Fusils conjoined in fess Gules a Bordure Sable* (Montagu)*; 2nd: Or an Eagle displayed Vert beaked and membered Gules* (Monthermer)*; 3rd: Sable a Lion rampant Argent on a Canton of the last a Cross Gules* (Churchill)*; 4th: Argent a Chevron Gules between three Caps of Maintenance their fronts turned to the sinister Azure furred Ermine* (Brudenell)*; over the grandquarters at the fess point an Inescutcheon Or on a Bend Azure a Mullet of six points between two Crescents of the field* (Scott)*.*
Supporters
On either side a Female Figure proper habited from the waist downwards in a Kirtle Azure gathered up at the knees the arms and bosom uncovered around the shoulders a Flowing Mantle as before suspended by the exterior hand girdle and sandals Gules and her head adorned with a Plume of three Ostrich Feathers Argent
Motto

## Family Tree

Scott Family Tree: Earls and Dukes of Buccleuch

## In media

* Nick Carraway, the narrator of F. Scott Fitzgerald's *The Great Gatsby*, says his family has "a tradition that we're descended from the Dukes of Buccleuch", but then points out that this is not true.

## See also

* Buccleuch, Scottish Borders
* Clan Douglas
* Clan Scott
* Clan Stewart as they are descendants of the Duke of Monmouth, the eldest illegitimate son of King Charles II

## References

1. ↑ Berry, William; Glover, Robert (1828). *Encyclopædia Heraldica: Or, Complete Dictionary of Heraldry*. p. 460.
2. ↑  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Buccleuch, Dukes of". *Encyclopædia Britannica*. **4** (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 712.
3. ↑ "Requirements for recognition". *The Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs*. Archived from the original on 7 August 2012.
4. ↑ Ross, David (5 June 2013). "Questions raised over land swap deal with billionaire". *The Herald*. Retrieved 12 January 2015.
5. ↑ http://www.clanscottscotland.com/st-marys-episcopal-chapel/4593155368
6. ↑ *Scots Peerage*, p. 249
7. ↑ scotarmigers.net

## External links

* Buccleuch Estates
* Montagu-Douglas-Scott Family Tree