recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Eastern lowland gorilla

The eastern lowland gorilla or Grauer's gorilla is a subspecies of eastern gorilla endemic to the mountainous forests of eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Important populations of this gorilla live in the Kahuzi-Biega and Maiko National Parks and their adjacent forests, the Tayna Gorilla Reserve, the Usala forest and on the Itombwe Massif. It is the largest of the four gorilla subspecies. It has a jet black coat like the mountain gorilla, although the hair is shorter on the head and body. The male's coat, like that of other gorillas, greys as the animal matures, resulting in the designation "silverback". There are far fewer eastern lowland gorillas compared to western lowland gorillas. According to a 2004 report there were only about 5,000 eastern lowland gorillas in the wild, down to fewer than 3,800 in 2016, compared to over 100,000 western lowland gorillas. Outside their native range, only one female eastern lowland gorilla lives in captivity, at the Antwerp Zoo in Belgium.
Moonrat

## Description

The moonrat (Echinosorex gymnura ) is a southeast Asian species of mammal in the family Erinaceidae (hedgehogs and gymnures). It is the only species in the genus Echinosorex. The moonrat is a fairly small, primarily carnivorous animal which, despite its name, is not closely related to rats or other rodents. The scientific name is sometimes given as Echinosorex gymnurus, but this is incorrect.

## Appearance

The moonrat is a fairly small, primarily carnivorous animal that, despite its name, is not closely related to rats or other rodents. It has a distinct pungent odor with strong ammonia content, different from the musky smell of carnivores. The moonrat has two subspecies that differ in their coloration. One has a white or grey-white head and frontal half of the body; the rest of the body is mainly black. The other subspecies is generally white, with a sparse scattering of black hairs; it appears totally white from a distance.

## Distribution

Moonrats are found in southeast Asia and occur in southern Myanmar, Peninsular Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, and Sumatra. They live in moist forests including mangroves and swamp forests and may also be found in gardens and plantations.

## Behavior

Moonrats are nocturnal and terrestrial animals that prefer moist areas and often enter the water. During the day they usually rest under logs, roots, or in abandoned burrows of other animals. Monnrats live alone and are very territorial. They release strong odors with a strong ammonia content to mark the edges of their territories and warn other moonrats to stay away with threatening hisses also to ward off predators.

## Diet

Moonrats are carnivores and eat a wide range of worms, insects, crabs, and other invertebrates found in moist areas. They will also eat fruit, and occasionally frogs or fish.

## Reproduction

Moonrats are able to breed throughout the year. When they are preparing to have young, they will make nests mostly from leaves. The gestation period lasts 35-40 days and females usually have 2 babies at one time.

## Population

### Population threats

The main threat to the moonrat is deforestation activities due to human development for agriculture, plantation, and commercial logging. Moreover, other demands from Penan in Borneo for food and traditional medicine also contribute to decreasing numbers of moonrats in Borneo.

### Population number

According to IUCN, the moonrat is locally common throughout its range but no overall population estimate is available. Currently, this species is classified as Least Concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List.
Fancy rat

The fancy rat is the domesticated form of Rattus norvegicus, the brown rat, and the most common species of rat kept as a pet. The name fancy rat derives from the idea of animal fancy or the phrase "to fancy" . Wild-caught specimens that become docile and are bred for many generations still fall under the fancy type. Fancy rats were originally targets for blood sport in 18th- and 19th-century Europe. Later bred as pets, they now come in a wide variety of coat colors and patterns, and are bred and raised by several rat enthusiast groups around the world. They are sold in pet stores and by breeders. Fancy rats are generally easy to care for provided plenty of research is done and are quite affordable, even compared to other small pets; this is one of their biggest draws. Additionally, they are quite independent, loyal and easily trained. They are considered more intelligent than other domesticated rodents. Healthy fancy rats typically live 2 to 3 years. Fancy rats are used widely in medical research, as their physiology is very similar to that of humans. When used in this field, they are referred to as laboratory rats . Domesticated rats are physiologically and psychologically different from their wild relatives, and typically pose no more of a health risk than other common pets. For example, domesticated brown rats are not considered a disease threat, although exposure to wild rat populations could introduce pathogens like the bacteria Streptobacillus moniliformis into the home. Fancy rats have different health risks from their wild counterparts, and thus are unlikely to succumb to the same illnesses as wild rats.
Kelp gull

The kelp gull, also known as the Dominican gull, is a gull that breeds on coasts and islands through much of the Southern Hemisphere. The nominate L. d. dominicanus is the subspecies found around South America, parts of Australia, and New Zealand . L. d. vetula is a subspecies occurring around Southern Africa. The specific name comes from the Dominican Order of friars, who wear black and white habits.
Flesh-footed shearwater

The flesh-footed shearwater is a medium-sized shearwater. Its plumage is black. It has pale pinkish feet, and a pale bill with a distinct black tip. Together with the equally light-billed pink-footed shearwater, it forms the Hemipuffinus group, a superspecies which may or may not have an Atlantic relative in the great shearwater. These large shearwaters are among those that have been separated into the genus Ardenna. Recent genetic analysis indicates evidence of strong divergence between Pacific colonies relative to those in South and Western Australia, thought to be explained by philopatry and differences in foraging strategies during the breeding season.
Indian Python

## Description

Indian pythons are large nonvenomous snakes native to tropical regions of the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. They are usually whitish or yellowish in color with the blotched patterns varying from tan to dark brown shades. This varies with terrain and habitat. Specimens from the hill forests of the Western Ghats and Assam are darker, while those from the Deccan Plateau and the Eastern Ghats are usually lighter.

## Distribution

Indian pythons are found in India, southern Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and probably in the north of Myanmar. They live in a wide range of habitats, including grasslands and savannahs, swamps, marshes, rocky foothills, woodlands, open forest, and river valleys.

## Behavior

Indian pythons lead a solitary life and may be seen in pairs only during the mating season. They are nocturnal and mainly terrestrial creatures. However, they are also very good climbers and can often be seen hanging on branches of trees. Indian pythons are excellent swimmers and are quite at home in the water. They can be wholly submerged in water for many minutes if necessary, but usually, prefer to remain near the bank. They like to shelter in abandoned mammal burrows, hollow trees, dense water reeds, and mangrove thickets. During colder autumn and winter months, these snakes hibernate. Lethargic and slow-moving even in their native habitat, Indian pythons exhibit timidity and rarely try to attack even when attacked. They usually move in a straight line, by "walking on its ribs".

## Diet

Indian pythons are strict carnivores and feed on mammals, birds, amphibians, and reptiles.

## Reproduction

Indian pythons are oviparous which means they lay eggs. Around 3-4 months after mating females lay up to 100 eggs which they protect and incubate within 2 or 3 months. The hatchlings are 45-60 cm (18-24 in) in length and grow quickly. They become independent soon after hatching and reach reproductive maturity at the age of 2 to 3 years.

## Population

### Threats

Main threats to Indian pythons include habitat loss, collection for the pet trade and hunting for their skin which is highly valued in the leather trade. These snakes are also often killed for food and because of fear.

### Ecological niche

Due to their diet habits, Indian pythons are important in controlling their prey species including pests, such as rats, mice, rabbits, and various insects.

## Fun Facts

This is a popular snake featured in The Jungle Book by Rudyard Kipling. Kaa is an Indian python; it is one of Mowgli's trusted mentors and friends.

Baby pythons make their way out of an eggshell with the help of an egg tooth which is a small, sharp projection; this egg tooth falls off soon after hatching.

Pythons are the most ancient snakes. They have tiny projections called spurs; it is believed that in those projections their ancestors used to had legs.
Goat

The domestic goat or simply goat is a domesticated species of goat-antelope typically kept as livestock. It was domesticated from the wild goat of Southwest Asia and Eastern Europe. The goat is a member of the animal family Bovidae and the subfamily Caprinae, meaning it is closely related to the sheep. There are over 300 distinct breeds of goat. It is one of the oldest domesticated species of animal, according to archaeological evidence that its earliest domestication occurred in Iran at 10,000 calibrated calendar years ago. Goats have been used for milk, meat, fur, and skins across much of the world. Milk from goats is often turned into goat cheese. Female goats are referred to as does or nannies, intact males are called bucks or billies, and juvenile goats of both sexes are called kids. Castrated males are called wethers. While the words hircine and caprine both refer to anything having a goat-like quality, hircine is used most often to emphasize the distinct smell of domestic goats. In 2011, there were more than 924 million goats living in the world, according to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization.
Mediterranean House Gecko

## Description

The Mediterranean house gecko is a small lizard native to the Mediterranean region which has spread to many parts of the world. It is commonly referred to as the Turkish gecko as represented in its Latin name and also as the moon lizard because it emerges in the evening. These house geckos have large, lidless eyes with elliptical pupils, and purple - or tan-colored skin with black spots, often with stripes on the tail. Their bellies or undersides are somewhat translucent.

## Distribution

Native to the Mediterranean region, these house geckos have spread over much of the world and established stable populations far from their origins. They can be found in countries with Mediterranean climates such as Portugal, Spain, France, Italy (including Lampedusa island, Elba), Israel, Albania, Greece, Malta, North Macedonia, coastal Croatia (except western Istria), Czech Republic (only warm parts of Moravia and Czech Silesia), Bosnia and Herzegovina, Adriatic islands, coastal Montenegro, coastal part of Albania, Cyprus, Turkey, northern Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Jordan, Syria, Libya, Egypt, Lebanon, northern Yemen (Socotra Archipelago), Somalia, Eritrea, Kenya, southern Iran, Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Pakistan, India, and Balearic Islands (Island Addaya Grande). These little creatures inhabit shrubland, salt marshes, rocky and coastal areas, stones, cliffs, and caves. They tend to take shelter in the tree barks, cracks and unseen areas of human homes, for example inside walls.

## Behavior

Mediterranean house geckos are nocturnal and may be seen singularly or in a group ranging from 2 to 5 individuals. During the day they usually hide under stones, in cracks and caves and may come out sometimes to bask in the sun. If disturbed they will seek darkness to hide. Males are highly territorial and will vigorously defend their foraging areas. Mediterranean house geckos emit a distinctive, high-pitched call somewhat like a squeak or the chirp of a bird, possibly expressing a territorial message.

## Diet

Mediterranean house geckos are carnivores (insectivores). They feed on various insects, moths, spiders, small roaches and are attracted to outdoor lights in search of these prey.

## Reproduction

Mediterranean house geckos usually mate from March to July. Females lay 2 or 3 clutches per year consisting of 1-2 eggs. They lay their egg under stones, in trunks cracks or bury them in the moist soil where they are incubated around 1-3 months.

## Population

### Population threats

There are no major threats to Mediterranean house geckos at present. In some Eastern Mediterranean countries such as Turkey and Cyprus, it is a taboo to harm them due to their benign nature and they are often kept as house pets.

### Population number

According to IUCN, the Mediterranean house gecko is locally common and widespread throughout its range but no overall population estimate is available. Currently, this species is classified as Least Concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List and its numbers today are increasing.
Navassa curly-tailed lizard

The Navassa curly-tailed lizard or Navassa curlytail lizard is an extinct lizard species from the family of curly-tailed lizard . It is known only from the one female specimen from which it was described in 1868. A second specimen which was collected by Rollo Beck in 1917 was identified as a Tiburon curly-tailed lizard by herpetologist Richard Thomas in 1966.
Malayan Krait

## Description

Bungarus candidus, commonly known as the Malayan krait or blue krait, is a highly venomous species of snake. The blue krait is a member of the genus Bungarus and the family Elapidae.

## Appearance

The Malayan krait is a highly venomous species of snake found in Southeast Asia. Dorsally, it has a pattern of dark-brown, black, or bluish-black crossbands on the body and tail, which are narrowed and rounded on the sides. The first crossband is continuous with the dark color of the head. The dark crossbands are separated by broad, yellowish-white interspaces, which may be spotted with black. Ventrally, it is uniformly white.

## Distribution

Malayan kraits occur from Indochina south to Java and Bali in Indonesia. Their preferred habitat includes moist forests and plantations usually in close proximity to water.

## Behavior

Malayan kraits are mainly active at night and lead a secretive solitary life. They are ground-dwelling and generally slow snakes but are capable of moving quickly when escaping danger. If approached or provoked they will strike aggressively without warning signs.

## Venom

In mice, the intravenous LD50 for this species is 0.1 mg/kg. Its mortality rate is 60–70% in untreated humans. The amount of venom injected is 5 mg, while the lethal dose for a 75kg human is 1 mg

## Diet

Malayan kraits are carnivores. They mainly hunt other snakes but will also eat lizards, frogs, mice, and small animals.

## Reproduction

Malayan kraits are egg-laying snakes. Each clutch consists of 4 to 10 eggs which are guarded by the females until they hatch. The snakelets measure about 30 cm (11.8 in) in length and are able to fend for themselves right after birth.

## Population

### Population threats

Malayan kraits are not considered endangered at present. However, in some parts of their native range, these snakes are heavily collected and sold for food, skins, and traditional medicine.

### Population number

The IUCN Red List and other sources don’t provide the number of the Malayan krait total population size. Currently, this species is classified as Least Concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List.
Hoary Bat

## Description

The Hoary bat is an insectivorous species of bat that lives in the Americas. Its coat is dense and dark brown, with white tips to the hairs that give the species its 'hoary' appearance for which it is named. The body is covered in fur except for the undersides of the wings.

## Distribution

Hoary bats are found throughout most of North America and much of South America, with disjunct populations in the Galápagos Islands and Hawaii. They live in woodlands, mainly coniferous forests, but hunt over open areas or lakes.

## Behavior

Hoary bats are generally solitary and typically roost alone on trees, hidden in the foliage; however, they may sometimes roost in caves with other bats and form groups during migration and the breeding season. They hunt alone and can cover an impressive 39 km (24 mi) in one night while foraging. Hoary bats are long-distance migrants. They spend the winter in Central America and the southwestern United States and the spring and summer in more northern latitudes in the United States and Canada. However, some northern populations are believed to remain in their native region and hibernate for the winter.

## Diet

Hoary bats are carnivorous (insectivorous) animals. They feed mainly on moths but also flies, beetles, wasps, and bees, grasshoppers, dragonflies, and termites.

## Reproduction

The reproductive cycle of Hoary bats is not yet fully documented. It is thought that they mate in August and births usually occur in June of the following year. It is thought that the gestation period is only 40 days and the female bears a single pup, or sometimes twins. The young are born blind and partially furred, and spend about a month with the mother before dispersing.

## Population

### Threats

Hoary bats are not listed as threatened or endangered, however, they suffer significant mortality from wind turbines. Most bat deaths occur during migration in the spring and fall. It is suggested that bats are attracted to the tall structure, possibly believing them to be trees that can be used for rest. In some areas of their range, Hoary bats also suffer from deforestation and human disturbance.

### Number

According to IUCN, the Hoary bat is common throughout its range but no overall population estimate is available. Currently, this species is classified as Least Concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List.

### Ecological niche

Hoary bats are important predators of insects in their ecosystem and thus keep populations of their prey species in check.
Eurasian coot

The Eurasian coot, also known as the common coot, or Australian coot, is a member of the rail and crake bird family, the Rallidae. It is found in Europe, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and parts of North Africa. It has a slaty-black body, a glossy black head and a white bill with a white frontal shield. The sexes are similar.
Javan leopard

The Javan leopard is a leopard subspecies confined to the Indonesian island of Java. It has been listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List since 2021. The population is estimated at 188–571 mature individuals in 22 fragmented subpopulations and a declining population trend. The total remaining habitat is estimated at only 2,267.9 to 3,277.3 km2 .
Indian leopard

The Indian leopard is a leopard subspecies widely distributed on the Indian subcontinent. The species Panthera pardus is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List because populations have declined following habitat loss and fragmentation, poaching for the illegal trade of skins and body parts, and persecution due to conflict situations. The Indian leopard is one of the big cats occurring on the Indian subcontinent, apart from the Asiatic lion, Bengal tiger, snow leopard and clouded leopard. In 2014, a national census of leopards around tiger habitats was carried out in India except the northeast. 7,910 individuals were estimated in surveyed areas and a national total of 12,000-14,000 speculated.
Eastern Red Bat

## Description

The Eastern red bat is a medium-sized bat widespread across eastern North America. It has distinctive fur, with males being brick or rusty red, and females being a slightly more frosted shade of red. Both male and female eastern red bats have distinctive shoulder patches of white fur. The entire body of the Eastern red bat is densely furred, including its uropatagium. Its ears are short and rounded, with triangular tragi and its wings are long and pointed.

## Distribution

Eastern red bats are found in eastern North America and Bermuda. They generally occur east of the Continental Divide, including southern Canada and northeastern Mexico. In the spring and summer, they can be found in the Great Lakes region and the Great Plains region. In the winter, they migrate to the southeastern United States and northeastern Mexico, where they typically frequent coastal areas. Eastern red bats prefer to live in forested environments including deciduous, coniferous, and mixed forests, and can often be found in urban areas.

## Behavior

Eastern red bats are solitary creatures that come together only to mate and to migrate. During the day they usually hang on tree branches wrapped in their furry tail membranes resting or sleeping and at nightfall, they set off to hunt. These bats fly relatively quickly and are moderately maneuverable especially when catching insects "on the wing". During winter, red bats which don't migrate hibernate in tree hollows, tree trunks, or even on the ground in sheltered areas covered with leaf litter.

## Diet

Eastern red bats are carnivores (insectivores), preying mainly on moths and other insects such as flies, beetles, mosquitoes, and cicadas.

## Reproduction

Eastern red bats start to breed in the autumn but females delay embryo implantation until spring. Pups are born in the summer, usually sometime between May and July. Unlike other bats species who usually produce one pup, Eastern red bats have on average 3 pups at a time, and some Eastern red bats have given birth to as many as 5 pups. The young are born blind and hairless. They learn to fly about a month after being born, after which they are weaned. Even after they have learned how to fly, the young usually remain with their mother for a while before roosting on their own.

## Population

### Threats

Eastern red bats are considered endangered at present because they have a wide geographic range, large population size, they occur in protected areas, tolerate some habitat disturbance, and their population size is unlikely to be declining rapidly. However, like other migratory tree bats, Eastern red bats suffer from collisions with wind turbines.

### Number

According to IUCN, the Eastern red bat is widespread throughout its range but no overall population estimate is available. Currently, this species is classified as Least Concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List and its numbers today are stable.

### Ecological niche

Eastern red bats are important predators of insects in their ecosystem and thus keep populations of their prey species in check.
Jameson's Mamba

## Description

Jameson's mamba is a large quick, and highly venomous snake native to equatorial Africa. Adults are usually dull green across the back, blending to pale green towards the underbelly with scales generally edged with black. The ventral side, neck, and throat are typically cream or yellowish in color. Populations that are typically found in the eastern part of the range, feature a black tail, while central and western examples typically have a pale green or yellow tail.

## Distribution

Jameson's mambas occur mostly in Central Africa and West Africa, and in some parts of East Africa. In Central Africa, they can be found from Angola northwards to the Democratic Republic of Congo, Republic of Congo, Central African Republic, and as far north as the Imatong Mountains of South Sudan. In West Africa, they range from Ghana eastwards to Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, and Gabon. In East Africa, they can be found in Uganda, Kenya, Rwanda, Burundi, and Tanzania. These snakes inhabit rainforests, woodland, and forest-savanna. Jameson's mambas are adaptable creatures and may occur in areas where there has been extensive deforestation and human development. They are often found around buildings, town parks, farmlands, and plantations.

## Behavior

Jameson's mambas are highly arboreal and agile snakes that come down to the ground only to bask or move to another tree. They are solitary and interact with each other only during the mating season. Jameson's mambas are active diurnal hunters and chase prey, similar to other mamba species. When prey is caught, mambas will strike until the prey dies. When these snakes feel threatened they will flatten their neck in mimicry of a cobra, and their body shape and length give an ability to strike at significant range. Jameson's mambas are not typically aggressive in nature and will almost always attempt to escape.

## Diet

Jameson's mambas are carnivores and since they spend most of their time in trees birds make up a large portion of their diet. Other prey items include small mammals such as mice, rats, and bats, and small lizards.

## Reproduction

Jameson's mambas are oviparous and lay up to 17 eggs. During the breeding season, males fight each other and locate females by following their scent trails.

## Population

### Threats

There are no known threats that face Jameson's mambas at present.

### Number

Presently, Jameson's mamba is not included in the IUCN Red List and its conservation status has not been evaluated.
Pick Quest

**Warning: This article contains spoilers!**

**Reward**: Small Axe

**Localization**: Many places in Rookgaard.

**Creatures**:

* Free Account: Trolls e Orcs ou Skeletons e Rotworms.
* Premium Account: Goblins ou Skeletons.

**Level**: Any.

Required Equipment* Shovel
* Rope
* Recomended Antidote Rune (depending the place you choose to get the Tool.)

Method
You need to get an Small Axe and exchange it for a Pick with Al Dee.

First Part - Small Axe
There are many ways to get the Small Axe, to complete the first part:

Skeletons Premium Account area.* At Premium Side - South-east from Premium Bridge, behind the small swamp theres a Hole(*You'll need a Shovel*) behind a Tree Right Here. You'll find Cave Rats and Skeletons.

* At the end of the dungeon (*Theres only one way for the whole cave*), there will be 2 coffins and 2 Skeletons. the right coffin has a Small Axe.

Goblins* Sometimes, Goblins drop Small Axes. kill them until you find one.

Katana Quest* Following the path to Katana Quest, before the Poison Fields theres a rope spot right here.

PICTURE MISSING

Caverna de Orcs* At north of Rookgaard free account bridge, theres a box at orcs floor that contains a daily spawn of Small Axe few arrows after every server save. Follow the path below:

* keep on following the map:

* The Small Axe will be right here inside a box.
* **BE CAREFUL! THERE ARE 4 OR 5 ORCS IN THIS PLACE AND IS SUCH An EASY WAY TO GET TRAPED AND DIE!**

Other Places* At the Minotaur Hell after the Server Save.
* At the Premium Trolls Cave.

Second Part - The Exchange* Find Npc Al Dee and talk to him.

Al Dee: Hello, hello, *Player*! Please come in, look, and buy!
*Player*: **pick**
Al Dee: Picks are hard to come by. I trade them only for high quality small axes. Do you want to trade?
*Player*: **yes**
Al Dee: Splendid! Here take your pickaxe.
*Player*: **bye**
Al Dee: Bye, bye.

**NOTE:** You can exchange as many Small Axes you need with Al Dee, there is no limit.

Back to *Quests.*
Eurasian whimbrel

## Description

The Eurasian whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus ) is a wader in the large family Scolopacidae. It is one of the most widespread of the curlews, breeding across much of subarctic Asia and Europe as far south as Scotland. This species and the Hudsonian whimbrel have recently been split, although some taxonomic authorities still consider them to be conspecific.

## Appearance

The Eurasian whimbrel is a fairly large wader, though mid-sized as a member of the curlew genus. It is 37–47 cm (15–19 in) in length, 75–90 cm (30–35 in) in wingspan, and 270–493 g (9.5–17.4 oz; 0.595–1.087 lb) in weight. It is mainly greyish brown, with a white back and rump (subspecies N. p. phaeopus and N. p. alboaxillaris only), and a long curved beak with a kink rather than a smooth curve. The usual call is a rippling whistle, prolonged into a trill for the song. The only similar common species over most of this bird's range are larger curlews. The whimbrel is smaller, has a shorter, decurved bill and has a central crown stripe and strong supercilia.

## Distribution

The whimbrel is a migratory bird wintering on coasts in Africa, and South Asia into Australasia. It is also a coastal bird during migration. It is fairly gregarious outside the breeding season. It is found in Ireland and the United Kingdom, and it breeds in Scotland, particularly around Shetland, Orkney, the Outer Hebrides as well as the mainland at Sutherland and Caithness.

## Diet

This species feeds by probing soft mud for small invertebrates and by picking small crabs and similar prey off the surface. Before migration, berries become an important part of their diet. It has also been observed taking insects, specifically blue tiger butterflies

## Reproduction

The nest is a bare scrape on tundra or Arctic moorland. Three to five eggs are laid. Adults are very defensive of nesting area and will even attack humans who come too close.

## Population

### Conservation

The whimbrel is listed in the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds. Near the end of the 19th century, hunting on the Eurasian whimbrel's migration routes took a heavy toll on its population, which has since recovered. It is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List and has been negatively impacted by climate change, habitat destruction and outbreaks of Avian flu to which it is susceptible.
Lesula

## Description

The lesula is a species of Old World monkey in the guenon family. It is the second new species of African monkey that was discovered since 1984. This monkey is described to have human looking eyes and a blue bottom. Lesulas have blond fur on their chest, throat and chin. The rest parts of their body has black fur fading into silver-grey tones on the thighs. Their slender tails are amber in color, darkening to black closer the tip. The face, ears and eyelids of these monkeys are naked and range from pink-grey to tan.

## Distribution

Lesulas are found in the Lomami Basin of the Democratic Republic of Congo, with the 2007 specimen found in captivity in the village of Opala. These monkeys live in rainforests, ranging between the Lomami and Tshuapa rivers in the central part of the country.

## Behavior

Lesulas are shy and semi-arboreal creatures. They travel and rest on the ground and in the tree canopy. They travel alone or in groups of 5 or fewer members or in small multi-species assemblages with other primates. Lesulas are diurnal, which means that they are active during the day and sleep at night. These monkeys communicate vocally, and usually can be heard around dawn, from 05:45 to 06:30 in the morning. During the rest of the day they are usually quiet.

## Diet

Lesulas are herbivores (frugivores, folivores). They feed on different fruits, leaves, and flowers of arrowroot plants.

## Reproduction

Little is known about the mating system in Lesulas. Females give birth to a single infant after the gestation period that lasts around 5-6 months.

## Population

### Population threats

Currently, there no major threats to this species. However, these animals are vulnerable to hunting for bushmeat.

### Population number

The IUCN Red List and other sources don’t provide the number of the Lesula total population size. Currently, this species is Not Evalueted (NE) on the IUCN Red List.

### Ecological niche

As frugivorous animals, Lesulas act as key seed dispersers of many local plants.
Geoduck

The Pacific geoduck is a species of very large saltwater clam in the family Hiatellidae. The common name is derived from the Lushootseed word gʷídəq. The geoduck is native to the coastal waters of western Canada and the northwest United States. The shell of the clam ranges from 15 centimetres to over 20 centimetres in length, but the extremely long siphons make the clam itself much longer than this: the "neck" or siphons alone can be 1 metre in length. The geoduck is the largest burrowing clam in the world. It is also one of the longest-living animals of any type, with a typical lifespan of 140 years; the oldest has been recorded at 168 years old.
Goliath frog

The goliath frog otherwise known as goliath bullfrog or giant slippery frog is the largest living frog. Specimens can grow up to 32 centimetres in length from snout to vent, and weigh up to 3.25 kilograms . This species has a relatively small habitat range in Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea. Its numbers are dwindling due to habitat destruction and its collection for food and the pet trade.
Japanese raccoon dog

The Japanese raccoon dog, also known as the tanuki, is a species of canid endemic to Japan. It is one of two species in the genus Nyctereutes, alongside the common raccoon dog, which it was formerly thought to be a subspecies of. As the tanuki, the animal has been significant in Japanese folklore since ancient times. The legendary tanuki is reputed to be mischievous and jolly, a master of disguise and shapeshifting, but somewhat gullible and absentminded. It is also a common theme in Japanese art, especially statuary.
Long-Nosed Whip Snake

## Description

Long-nosed whip snakes are mildly venomous tree snakes native to South and Southeast Asia. These snakes have pointed snouts and extremely slender bodies. They are bright green or pale brownish in color; the skin between the scales is black and white on the upper part of the body, which appears striped when distended. There is also a yellow line along each side of the lower surface of their body.

## Distribution

Long-nosed whip snakes are found in India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Burma, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam. They live in low bushes, shrubs, and trees in lowland forest terrain, particularly near streams, tropical dry deciduous forests, hill forests, and mangroves. They are also often found near human settlements.

## Behavior

Long-nosed whip snakes are solitary creatures that are active during the day. During the night they sleep hidden among the foliage or sometimes in a cavity, which provides shelter from predators. These snakes live in trees and hunt using their binocular vision. They are slow-moving, relying on camouflaging as a vine in foliage. The snake expands its body when disturbed to show a black and white scale marking. Also, they may open their mouth in the threat display and point their head in the direction of the perceived threat. The scientific name of these snakes 'Ahaetulla' in Sinhala means 'eye plucker'. They earned this name, and similar ones in Tamil and Indian vernaculars, due to their habit of staring and striking at the eyes when picked up. It is believed that they can blind their human victims.

## Diet

Long-nosed whip snakes are carnivores; they feed mainly on frogs and lizards but may also consume rodents, nestlings and small birds, rodents, and small snakes.

## Reproduction

The mating season for Long-nosed whip snakes begins in early summer. They are ovoviviparous, giving birth to young that grow within the body of the mother, enclosed within the egg membrane. The young are born fully developed and start hunting soon after birth.

## Population

### Population threats

There are no major threats to this species at present.

### Population number

The IUCN Red List and other sources don’t provide the number of the Long-nosed whip snake total population size. Currently, this species is classified as Least Concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List and its numbers today are stable.
Knight Anole

## Description

The Knight anole is the large species of lizard native to Cuba. It is mostly bright green in color with a yellow stripe on the side of the head and another on the shoulder, but it is able to perform some color changes. It has a pinkish-white dewlap. Juveniles have light bands on the body.

## Distribution

Knight anoles are native to Cuba but have been widely introduced into South Florida, where they reproduce and spread readily. In Cuba, they live in a wide range of habitats with trees, such as forest, mangrove, savanna, cultivated areas, and gardens. In their introduced Florida range Knight anoles even occur in trees along roads in Miami.

## Behavior

Knight anoles are generally solitary creatures. However, as they cannot withstand cold temperatures in highland parts of their native Cuba, a few individuals may rest adjacent to each other during the relatively cold winters. In winter in Florida, they even have been known to freeze and fall to the ground from tree canopies. Knight anoles are arboreal and mostly found high in trees on the trunk or branches in the canopy. However, they will descend to the ground to get from one tree to another, or for thermoregulation, when occasionally seen on warm asphalt, rocks, or sidewalks. Knight anoles are diurnal and fiercely territorial. Initially, they turn to face almost any perceived threat, if only from a distance. During its challenge display, a lizard will sit high on all fours, gape menacingly, turn green, and perhaps bob its head. The male will extend its dewlap, and both females and males will "puff themselves up" with air.

## Diet

Knight anoles are carnivores (insectivores) and their diet consists mainly of insects and snails. They also eat fruits and may occasionally take small vertebrates such as small birds and reptiles (including other anoles).

## Reproduction

Knight anoles are polygynandrous (promiscuous) which means that both males and females have multiple partners in a single breeding season. They are oviparous (egg-laying) and usually breed in summer.

## Population

### Threats

There are no major threats facing Knight anoles at present.

### Ecological niche

Knight anoles regularly take fruits and can function as seed dispersers in their ecosystem.

## Fun Facts

In Florida, Knight anoles are sometimes referred to as "iguanas" or "iguanitos", but this generally stems from confusion with the Green iguana.

Knight anoles are popular in the pet trade and are known to make a good pet.
Lesser Capybara

## Description

The Lesser capybara is a large semiaquatic rodent found in Central and South America. It closely resembles the capybara, but is smaller in size and has a darker brown coat.

## Distribution

Lesser capybaras are found in eastern Panama, northwestern Colombia, and western Venezuela. They live in areas close to water near marshes, and along streams, ponds, and rivers.

## Behavior

Lesser capybaras may be diurnal or nocturnal and solitary or social depending on season, habitat, and hunting pressure. These animals spend their time feeding or resting. When disturbed, capybaras will flee, or produce an alarm call and dive into the water. They are excellent swimmers and may even submerge if pursued.

## Diet

Lesser capybaras are herbivores (graminivores). They feed on fresh grass and water plants and sometimes fruits and crops.

## Reproduction

Lesser capybaras breed year-round and females give birth to a litter of 3-4 pups. The gestation period usually lasts around 108 days. The young are born well developed and are able to travel with their mother.

## Population

### Threats

The main threats to these animals include hunting for their meat, the destruction of gallery forests, swamp drainage, and extensive agriculture.

### Number

The IUCN Red List and other sources don’t provide the number of the Lesser capybara total population size. Currently, this species is classified as Data Deficient (DD) on the IUCN Red List.
Indian yellow-nosed albatross

The Indian yellow-nosed albatross is a member of the albatross family, and is the smallest of the mollymawks. In 2004, BirdLife International split this species from the Atlantic yellow-nosed albatross; however Clements has not split it yet, and the SACC has not either, but recognises the need for a proposal.
Mountain gorilla

The mountain gorilla is one of the two subspecies of the eastern gorilla. It is listed as endangered by the IUCN as of 2018. There are two populations: One is found in the Virunga volcanic mountains of Central Africa, within three National Parks: Mgahinga, in southwest Uganda; Volcanoes, in northwest Rwanda; and Virunga, in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo . The other population is found in Uganda's Bwindi Impenetrable National Park. Some primatologists speculate the Bwindi population is a separate subspecies, though no description has been finalized. As of June 2018, there were more than 1,000 individuals.
Eastern imperial eagle

The eastern imperial eagle is a large bird of prey that breeds in southeastern Europe and extensively through West and Central Asia. Most populations are migratory and winter in northeastern Africa, the Middle East and South and East Asia. Like all eagles, the eastern imperial eagle is a member of the family Accipitridae. Furthermore, its well feathered legs mark it as a member of the subfamily Aquilinae. It is a large dark colored eagle, with a resemblance to other members of the genus Aquila but it is usually the darkest species in its range. This is an opportunistic predator that mostly selects smallish mammals as prey but also a fairly large proportion of birds, reptile and other prey types, including carrion. Compared to other Aquila eagles, it has a strong preference for the interface of tall woods with plains and other open, relatively flat habitats. Normally, nests are located in large, mature trees and the parents raise around one or two fledglings. The global population is small and declining due to persecution, loss of habitat and prey. It has therefore been IUCN Red Listed as Vulnerable since 1994.
Greater Mouse-Deer

## Description

The greater mouse-deer, greater Malay chevrotain, or napu (Tragulus napu ) is a species of even-toed ungulate in the family Tragulidae found in Sumatra, Borneo, and smaller Malaysian and Indonesian islands, and in southern Myanmar, southern Thailand, and peninsular Malaysia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical, moist, lowland forest.

## Appearance

The Greater mouse-deer is an even-toed ungulate. Although very small for an ungulate, the greater mouse-deer is one of the largest members of its genus. It has a small, triangular head with a small, pointed, black nose and large eyes. Its long legs are as thin as a pencil. The hind legs are visibly longer than the front legs. The body is rounded. The fur on the upper part of its body is grey-buff to orange-buff. On the sides, the fur is quite pale, but darker along the midline. It is white underneath, more specifically on the neck, stomach, chest, and chin. The male has neither horns nor antlers but has small "tusks" - elongated canines in the upper jaws.

## Distribution

Greater mouse-deer are found in Sumatra, Borneo, and smaller Malaysian and Indonesian islands, and in southern Myanmar, southern Thailand, peninsular Malaysia, and Singapore. They live near water, in tropical forests and mangrove thickets.

## Behavior

Greater mouse-deer are terrestrial but spend time in wet, swampy areas. They are solitary, rather trusting but delicate animals. They are nocturnal and use small trails through thick brush in the forest. The males of this species are very territorial, marking their territory with feces, urine, and secretions from the intermandibular gland under the chin. When angry, the males beat the ground with their hooves at a rate of four times per second.

## Diet

Greater mouse-deer have a herbivorous diet. They feed on fallen fruits, aquatic plants, buds, leaves, shrubs, and grasses.

## Reproduction

Greater mouse-deer breed throughout the year and the females spend most of their adult life pregnant. When the males are ready to mate, they rub a large gland on their lower jaw against the female to determine whether she is ready to mate. If she is not ready, she responds by walking away. Greater mouse-deer usually produce one young per birth, after a gestation of 152-155 days. Fawns are well-developed and immediately able to stand; they are fully active after 30 minutes. The young stand on three legs while nursing. They are weaned at 2-3 months of age and both the males and the females become reproductively mature when they are 4.5 months old.

## Population

### Population threats

Greater mouse-deer are threatened by loss of habitat through rapid deforestation. They also suffer greatly from overhunting for food and are very popular in the pet trade.

### Population number

The IUCN Red List and other sources don’t provide the number of the Greater mouse-deer total population size. Currently, this species is classified as Least Concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List but its numbers today are decreasing.
New Caledonian Giant Gecko

## Description

Rhacodactylus leachianus, commonly known as the New Caledonian giant gecko or Leach's giant gecko or colloquially Leachie, is a large species of gecko in the family Diplodactylidae. The species, which was first described by Georges Cuvier in 1829, is endemic to New Caledonia.

## Appearance

The New Caledonian giant gecko is the largest extant gecko in the world and is considered an example of island gigantism. It has a heavy body, loose skin, and a small, stumpy tail. It is variable in color, coming in shades of mottled green, gray, and brown.

## Distribution

New Caledonian giant geckos are found in moist and montane forests of the southern and eastern portions of the main island of New Caledonia, as well as on several of the smaller islands in the group.

## Behavior

These giant geckos are solitary and live high in tree canopies. They are nocturnal but may come out to bask in the sun during the day. They can make a loud growling noise, and local people call them "the devils in the trees". Like many chameleons, New Caledonian giant geckos can change the color of their skin. This is due to pigment-containing cells called chromatophores. Depending on the amount of sunlight, their skin may be lighter or darker. This is a form of mimicry and can help the gecko blend into their environments. These giant geckos also can climb vertically up glass surfaces. This is due to adhesive pads on their feet called lamellas, which are made up of tiny hairs which increase friction force when applied to surfaces.

## Diet

New Caledonian giant geckos are omnivores. Their diet includes insects, spiders, small vertebrates, fruit, nectar, and sap.

## Reproduction

Adult females lay 2 soft-shelled eggs at a time, having up to 10 clutches per year. The young hatch after the incubation period of 60 to 90 days and are typically 8.9 to 10.2 centimeters (3.5 to 4 inches) long.

## Population

### Population threats

New Caledonian giant geckos are threatened by habitat destruction and degradation. They also suffer from poaching and face predation by introduced species such as cats and various rodents. These geckos can also be electrocuted by high-tension power lines when they travel along power lines.

### Population number

The IUCN Red List and other sources don’t provide the number of the New Caledonian giant gecko total population size. Currently, this species is classified as Least Concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List and its numbers today are stable.

## References

https://animalia.bio/new-caledonian-giant-gecko