MGM Television

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## Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Television

* Barry Poznick (president, unscripted and alternative TV; president, Orion Television)
* Steve Stark (president, MGM/UA Television)

### **Industry**

* Television production
* Television syndication
* Interactive media

### **Divisions**

* Lightworkers Media (Joint venture)
* MGM International Television
* MGM/UA Television

### **Subsidiaries**

* MGM Domestic Networks LLC
* MGM Domestic Television Distribution LLC
* MGM Domestic TV Networks LLC
* MGM Interactive Inc.
* MGM On Demand Inc.
* Big Fish Entertainment LLC
* Epix Entertainment, LLC
* Evolution Media
* Orion TV Productions, Inc.
* United Artists Digital Studios

**Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Television** (alternatively **Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Television and Digital Group**, commonly known as **MGM Television** and then-known as **MGM/UA Television**; common Metonym: Lion) is an American television production/distribution studio and a division of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, launched on June 30, 1956 as "MGM-TV".

From 2005 to 2006, MGM television programs were distributed by Sony Pictures Television (as a result from a Sony-led consortium buying MGM). Since May 31, 2006, MGM Television has resumed sole production and distribution of its programs on television. MGM Television has rejoined the first-run syndication market for the first time in many years with *Paternity Court*.

## Background

Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer first used TV for promotional purposes having a tie in with *The Ed Sullivan Show* (on CBS) in the early 1950s. When *The Ed Sullivan Show* switched to 20th Century Fox, however, MGM attempted to arrange a promotional agreement with NBC, but could not come to terms on the specifics. The 30-minute show, *The MGM Parade*, one of MGM's first TV programs, was produced by MGM's trailer department as one of the compilation and promotional shows that imitated Disneyland, which was also on ABC. However, this program was canceled by ABC in mid-1956.

## History

### Beginnings

MGM took bids for its film library in 1956 from PRM, Inc. owner Lou Chesler (who purchased the pre-1950 Warner Bros. library) and others. Chesler had offered $50 million for the film library. MGM then offered three-year long-term term leases of film series *Andy Hardys*, *Maisies* and *Dr. Kildares* to TV distributors, but decided on entering the TV market itself.

MGM-TV was formed when Bud Barry was hired to head the operation in June 1956. MGM-TV was to distribute its 770 films to TV (starting with the networks) while production was expected to start with the 1957–58 season and was to include half-hour remakes and series based on its parent studio's pictures. Initial feature film sales were directed to the networks. On August 6, 1956, C. Pete Jaeger was appointed as the general sales executive of MGM-TV while Monroe Mendelsohn was also hired. Both of them originally were executives of Guild Films.

On August 20, 1956, MGM acquired 25% of KTTV in Los Angeles and made a contract for them to lease its films for $4 million in cash. MGM-TV began producing commercials by April 1957, creating ads for Knickerbocker and Standard Oil of Indiana.

By April 1957, MGM-TV was sued by the United States Department of Justice for block booking to TV stations and selling its film library as a whole. MGM-TV denied the charges as the stations have the options of three things: 100 film groups who licensed for two years with three runs, two of the various 350 packages with rights for three to four years and unlimited runs, and the full library for seven years with unlimited runs. Substituting a film in another package for an equal-value one was allowed, as each film also has an individual price based on several factors, including its age and its stars. A discount is applied, with 50% for the full library, 37.5% on the 350 packages, and 25% on the 100 groups.

In December 1957, the division had a 10-series deal under consideration, with plans for eight to be in production, including two of them produced by MGM and the others being six co-productions with independent producers. MGM-TV was also in negotiation with California National Productions, a TV syndication subsidiary of NBC, for a deal to place two series into syndication.

MGM-TV started its own television network, MGM Family Network (MFN), or MGM Television Network, on 145 stations in September 9, 1973.

Due to mounting financial difficulties and decreased output, MGM closed its distribution offices in October 1973 and outsourced distribution of its film library to United Artists for a ten years in addition to selling its music publishing arm.

### 1980s−1990s

Template:Original research section
In 1982, **Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Television** was renamed **MGM/UA Television Distribution** after the merger with United Artists on the previous year. In 1984, MGM/UA TV again launched an ad hoc TV network, MGM/UA Premiere Network, which aired movies from the MGM and UA libraries.

In 1986, Ted Turner bought MGM/UA from Kirk Kerkorian, including all of the movies and television shows by MGM/UA. Due to a crushing debt, however, Turner was forced to return Kerkorian all of United Artists and the MGM trademark 74 days later on June 8. Turner kept the pre-May 1986 MGM television shows (the holdings of Associated Artists Productions). Thus, when Time Warner acquired Turner Broadcasting System in October 1996, the pre-May 1986 MGM/UA TV shows became part of Warner Bros. (via its Turner Entertainment unit). After Turner's sale, the television division was renamed **MGM/UA Television Productions**.

In 1987, the TV distribution arm **MGM/UA Telecommunications Group** was launched under the new company **MGM/UA Communications Co.** MGM/UA Television still kept producing the television series *Fame* until 1987, the 1980s version of The Twilight Zone until 1989, and Kids Incorporated until 1993.

In 1992, **MGM/UA Television Productions** was reverted to **MGM Television**. The television company was reformed as **MGM Worldwide Television Group** and its distributor **MGM Telecommunications Group**.

With Credit Lyonnais' taking control of MGM Studios in mid-1993 and bring in new chief executive Frank Mancuso, Mancuso soon started up a TV production division.

In 1996, the company was reformed for the television brand labels **MGM Television Entertainment**, **MGM Domestic Television Distribution** and **MGM International Television Distribution** when Kerkorian returned to MGM; however, MGM uses other names in the credits of their television shows such as **MGM Global Television, Inc.**, **MGM Global Holdings, Inc.** and **MGM Television Entertainment, Inc.**

In 1997, MGM bought Orion Pictures Corporation, The Samuel Goldwyn Company, and Motion Picture Corporation of America from Metromedia. The purchase brought a number of TV series with them. As of the present time, MGM Television owns nearly all of the films and television programs originally handled by Filmways, Inc., Orion Television, American International Television, Heatter-Quigley Productions and Samuel Goldwyn Television.

On July 27, 1997, MGM's long-running cable television series, *Stargate SG-1*, first aired.

In the same year, MGM Television Entertainment was formed by MGM as its network television arm.

### 2000s−present

In March 2001, MGM signed a multi-year international distribution deal for the NBC Studios catalog, which included current and future programs. Later in 2002, MGM and NBC Enterprises formed a joint advertising venture to sell national advertising barter time for the two companies' syndicated programs and handle the licensing of feature film and television product in the domestic television syndication market. The joint venture was terminated on December 31, 2004, when the latter was merged with Universal Domestic Television and eventually became NBC Universal Domestic Television Distribution.

In 2005, MGM was purchased by a consortium which includes the Sony Corporation, Comcast and private equity investors. As a result, Sony Pictures Television assumed worldwide distribution and certain domestic distribution of the television library from MGM Television. After Sony bought MGM, the company was referred to as **MGM Worldwide Television Distribution**.

On May 31, 2006, MGM announced that it would drop Sony as its TV and home entertainment distributor by shifting its home video output to 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment, and relaunching its TV production/distribution arm. In October, MGM announced that they will distribute the film and television library from New Line Cinema. In 2008, rights reverted to Warner Bros. after New Line was consolidated into WB.

MGM started entering the TV network and cable channel field in the mid-2000s. It started with This TV, a joint venture network with Weigel Broadcasting, launched on November 1, 2006. The MGM HD cable channel was launched in 2007. MGM and Comcast launched the Impact video on demand channel in mid-August 2008. The national Me-TV network launched on December 15, 2010, with MGM's domestic television sales division handling distribution of the network for Weigel Broadcasting. MGM was partnering on KIN TV, an African-American subchannel, with Lee Gaither of Basil Street Media, and was involved in the launch of TV One, an African-American cable network, shopping it to stations in late 2011. MGM launched The Works in April 2014.

In 2009, MGM TV placed eight series into development while signing a first look deal Emma Roberts' and manager/producing partner David Sweeney's production company, Bossy Boots Production, produce the series for MTV. MGM formed a TV finance and distribution entity, Orion TV Productions. In December 2012, MGM Television announced they'd be launching a tabloid talk/nontraditional court show, *Paternity Court*, through Orion TV Productions.

On September 22, 2014, MGM acquired a 55% stake in Lightworkers Media and One Three Media, which were formed by Mark Burnett and Roma Downey with a partial stake held by Hearst Corporation, and consolidated the two companies into MGM's new TV production division, United Artists Media Group, with Burnett as CEO. On December 14, 2015, MGM announced that it had acquired the remaining stake in UAMG in a stock and cash deal, and that Burnett would become the new CEO of MGM Television replacing the outgoing president Roma Khanna. As a result, Burnett's reality show franchises (*Survivor*, *The Voice*, *The Celebrity Apprentice*, and *Shark Tank*) are now being co-produced by MGM Television with their other respective original producers.

While continuing its first look deal with Content Media Corporation, Caryn Mandabach Productions signed a multi-year production deal with MGM for scripted content in October 2015. In November 2016, MGM formed Gato Grande Productions, a joint venture with Mexican entrepreneurs Miguel Aleman and Antonio Cué. Gato Grande's first project was a TV series about recording artist Luis Miguel.

On October 31, 2015, MGM launched a new digital television network with Sinclair Broadcast Group known as Comet, with a focus on science fiction and related genres (including content from MGM's library). In December 2016, MGM launched Light TV, a new network focusing on family and faith-based entertainment, and in February 2017, MGM launched Charge!, a second venture with Sinclair, which largely replaced The Works. Charge! began broadcasting on February 28, 2017 with MGM programming once again.

On July 18, 2017, MGM Television acquired Evolution Media, a studio known for non-scripted series such as the *Real Housewives* franchise. In June 2018, MGM Television acquired Big Fish Entertainment, the producer of A&E's *Live PD*.

A new position was created in March 2017 for Sam Toles, who filed in as senior vice-president of digital and platform content. In July 2017, MGM Television announced that it would revive the *Stargate* franchise with a new, digital-exclusive series, *Stargate Origins*, as part of a new subscription streaming service known as Stargate Command launched in third quarter 2017. By August 2018, MGM's Digital Group had formed United Artists Digital Studios to produce shows such as *Stargate Origins*. In June 2018, Burnett was promoted to chairman when he renewed his contract until 2022. MGM Global Formats and Unscripted Content, an international formats division, was formed with the hiring of Scot Cru as executive vice president and Patrice Choghi as senior vice president.

MGM's TV group is expanding by adding additional new labels. MGM International Television was formed in 2019 with a focus on developing projects with Latinx talent. The division's first project is *Tacowood*, a comedy series produced by and starring Paz Vega that is based on an idea by Frank Ariza, announced in early February 2020. By 2020, Orion Television was expanded as three development executives were hired and placed under Barry Poznick, MGM’s president of unscripted and alternative television and Orion Television. One of the development executives would also work as the studio's development head, striking a partnership with Brat TV to develop young adult scripted content. In February 2020, the group renamed its scripted division as MGM/UA Television, with a goal to produce artistic and creator-driven content, and hired Steve Stark, who previously was MGM’s president of scripted television production and development, to lead the division.

## Units

* Lightworkers Media
* MGM Domestic Television Distribution LLC
	+ ThisTV Network LLC
* MGM Domestic TV Networks LLC
	+ MGM HD Productions LLC
		- MGM HD, a cable channel
	+ Epix Entertainment, LLC
* MGM Digital Group
	+ Stargate Command (streaming service)
	+ United Artists Digital Studios
* MGM North America Holdings Inc.
	+ MGM International Television Distribution Inc.
* MGM On Demand Inc.
	+ Impact (joint venture with Comcast)
	+ MGM Sci-Fi, a linear channel for Roku (January 2020-present)
* MGM Global Formats and Unscripted Content
* Orion TV Productions, Inc.
* MGM/UA Television
* Big Fish Entertainment LLC
* Evolution Media (Evolution Film & Tape, Inc.)
* Gato Grande Productions, a joint venture with Mexican entrepreneurs Miguel Aleman and Antonio Cué

## MGM channels

MGM Television owns four television channels: Epix multiplex cable channels (fully owned as of 2017), Impact video on demand channel owned with Comcast, the MGM HD cable channel, and two subchannel broadcasting networks: ThisTV, co-owned and operated with Tribune Broadcasting, and Light TV, a co-venture with Burnett, Downey and Hearst, launched December 22, 2016. MGM TV operates and programs two subchannel networks for Sinclair Broadcasting Group: The sci-fi-oriented Comet and the action-oriented Charge!, launched in March 2015 and early 2017 respectively.

MGM previously attempted a TV network in 1973 with MGM Family Network (MFN), or MGM Television Network, using its movies on Sundays before Big Three network programming, and again in 1984 with the movie-oriented MGM/UA Premiere Network.

The Works went off the air in early 2017 when most affiliates switched to Charge!.

In January 2020, Roku launched the MGM Sci-Fi channel.

### Impact

Template:Infobox television channel
Impact is an action video on demand channel from Comcast and MGM Television.

#### History

The Impact video on demand channel was announced by Comcast and MGM in August 2008 to feature action movies and TV shows to be rolled out market by market starting that week. At the time of channel's launch mid-August, Comcast owned 20% of MGM. MGM was seeking other cable providers to carry the channel. Impact is the third channel by MGM into TV broadcasting field as MGM formed a partnership with Weigel Broadcasting for the digital subchannel network, This TV, in July and MGM HD, the company's then-year old cable channel. With Impact expecting to be streaming via its website in 2009.

#### Programming

The channel is programmed from the MGM library with 20 to 30 films (some in HD) available per month out of 1,000 action movies and shows in the library. Within the channel, the movies and shows are categorized into thrillers, crime, war films, martial arts, westerns and espionage groups. Most selections will be free but supported by advertising and come from the post-DVD film window of pay-TV providers. The *James Bond*, *Rocky* and *Robocop* franchises are amongst the available films for the channel. *The Terminator*, *Enter the Ninja* and *Windtalkers* were amongst the first 25 movies available on the channel. *The Magnificent Seven*, *American Ninja 2*, *Bulletproof Monk*, *Into the Blue* and *Road House* are also expected to be available in time through the channel.

## See also

* Comet (TV network)
* List of MGM Television programs
* United Artists Television

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Busch, Anita. "Mark Burnett Promoted To Chairman Of MGM Worldwide Television, Re-Ups Until 2022", *Deadline*, June 28, 2018. Retrieved on October 9, 2018.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Baumgartner, Jeff. "Sam Toles Joins MGM Studios for Bigger Digital Push", *Multichannel*, March 31, 2017. Retrieved on October 9, 2018. (in en-us)
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 "M-G-M Makes Triple Move into TV Field", *Billboard*, June 30, 1956. Retrieved on January 7, 2016.
4. ↑ Corporate: Roma Khanna. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc..
5. ↑ Littleton, Cynthia. "MGM Developing Luis Miguel TV Series Through Gato Grande Joint Venture", *Variety*, November 21, 2016. Retrieved on September 14, 2018. “MGM is developing a TV series based on the life of Latin music superstar Luis Miguel. The project hails from a Spanish-language joint production venture the Lion has set with Mexican entrepreneurs Miguel Aleman and Antonio Cue.”
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Exclusive: MGM to Launch 'Paternity Court' This Fall", *Broadcasting & Cable*, December 12, 2012. Retrieved on December 16, 2012.
7. ↑ Segrave, Kerry (January 1, 1999). *Movies at Home: How Hollywood Came to Television*. McFarland, page 33, 34. ISBN 0786406542.
8. ↑ "M-G-M Entry Negates Long Distrib Deals", *Billboard*, Nielsen Business Media, Inc., June 30, 1956, p. 8. Retrieved on March 7, 2017. (in en)
9. ↑ "C. Pete Jaeger Appointed To Post With New MGM -TV". *Broadcasting*: 92. 1956-08-13. http://www.americanradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Archive-BC-IDX/56-OCR/1956-08-13-BC-OCR-Page-0092.pdf. Retrieved 2018-02-11.
10. ↑ "MGM Signs $4 Million Lease Contract With KTTV (TV), Buys 25% of Station". *Broadcasting*: 58. August 20, 1956. http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1956/1956-08-20-BC.pdf. Retrieved 2018-02-11.
11. ↑ "Commercial Cues: ID's...", *Billboard*, April 20, 1957, p. 16. Retrieved on January 5, 2016.
12. ↑ "M-G-M Trade Busy Despite Justice Suit (sic)", *Billboard*, April 20, 1957, p. 16. Retrieved on January 5, 2016.
13. ↑ "MGM Plan Eight for Next Year", *Billboard*, December 16, 1957, p. 6. Retrieved on January 5, 2016.
14. ↑ "Introducing The Fourth Network (ad)", August 27, 1973, p. 11. Retrieved on September 27, 2012.
15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 "'Yearling' slated for MGM Network". *Broadcasting*: 29. September 3, 1973. http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1973/1973-09-03-BC.pdf. Retrieved September 27, 2012.
16. ↑ "One by One". *Broadcasting*: 30. October 22, 1973. http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1973/1973-09-03-BC.pdf. Retrieved September 27, 2012.
17. ↑ "Why we created the MGM Television Network (ad)", March 26, 1973. Retrieved on September 27, 2012.
18. ↑ Kleiner, Dick. "He's Making the Lion Roar Again", July 14, 1973. Retrieved on October 3, 2012.
19. ↑ "Big 3 Sold to UA; Plus 1/2 Can. Co.", billboard Publications, Inc., October 27, 1973, p. 3. Retrieved on January 8, 2016.
20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Farber, Stephen. "Film Studio's New Approach to TV", *New York Times*, October 23, 1984. Retrieved on April 8, 2015.
21. ↑ Fabrikant, Geraldine. "INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS; Sale of MGM May Not Be Top Priority", March 18, 1995. Retrieved on March 29, 2015.
22. ↑ "Metromedia to Sell Film Units To MGM for $573 Million - New York Times", Nytimes.com, April 29, 1997. Retrieved on August 6, 2014.
23. ↑ King, Susan. "'Stargate Sg-1' Gets A 44-episode Commitment From Showtime", *Los Angeles Times*, July 27, 1997. Retrieved on July 20, 2017.
24. ↑ MGM and NBC ally for distribution deal. Retrieved on January 20, 2017.
25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 25.2 Pandey, Swati. "Comcast and MGM launch action channel", *Los Angeles Times*, August 13, 2008. Retrieved on October 27, 2015.
26. ↑ Littleton, Cynthia. "MGM takes digital leap", *Variety*, July 28, 2008. Retrieved on October 27, 2015.
27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 Dempsey, John. "MGM VOD plan makes Impact", *Variety*, August 12, 2008. Retrieved on January 29, 2015.
28. ↑ Andreeva, Nellie. "MGM Partners For Classic TV Digital Net", *Deadline*, Penske Business Media, LLC, January 4, 2011. Retrieved on January 8, 2016.
29. ↑ McAvoy, Kim. "MGM Gives Bounce TV A New Rival", *TVNewsCheck.com*, September 29, 2011. Retrieved on December 26, 2017. (in en)
30. ↑ Michael Malone (May 2, 2014). Exclusive: MGM Launches Digi-Net The Works. Retrieved on January 3, 2015. “The channel reaches 31% of U.S. households, according to the insider.”
31. ↑ Weisman, Jon. "MTV greenlights eight projects", *Variety*, June 23, 2009. Retrieved on October 28, 2015.
32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 Saval, Malina. "MGM TV Rides High With ‘Vikings’ and ‘Fargo’", *Variety*, Penske Business Media, LLC, April 4, 2014. Retrieved on October 28, 2015.
33. ↑ Highfill, Samantha. "MGM is launching the United Artists Media Group (again)", *Entertainment Weekly*, January 17, 2015. Retrieved on May 11, 2015.
34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 Mark Burnett Named President of MGM Television. Retrieved on December 14, 2015.
35. ↑ Wagmeister, Elizabeth. "MGM Television Inks Multi-Year Deal with Caryn Mandabach Productions", *Variety*, Penske Media Corporation, October 15, 2015. Retrieved on January 27, 2016.
36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 Busch, Anita. "MGM Launches Joint Venture Gato Grande, First Project Will Be Luis Miguel TV Series", *Deadline*, November 21, 2016. Retrieved on September 14, 2018.
37. ↑ Mirabella, Lorraine. "Sinclair Broadcast exceeds second-quarter profit forecasts", *Baltimore Sun*, August 5, 2015. Retrieved on October 15, 2015.
38. ↑ Optimistic Outlook On Multicast's Prospects (en-US) (2017-07-18).
39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 39.2 Bouma, Luke. "Three New Over-the-Air TV Networks Recently Launched", *Cord Cutters News*, March 3, 2017. Retrieved on March 6, 2017.
40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 Busch, Anita. "Roma Downey, Mark Burnett And MGM Launch Light TV With Fox Stations On Board", *Deadline*, November 16, 2016. Retrieved on March 6, 2017.
41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 Evans, Greg. "Sinclair & MGM To Launch Charge! Action Network; ‘Rocky’, James Bond In Lineup", *Deadline*, Penske Business Media, February 17, 2017. Retrieved on February 11, 2017.
42. ↑ Otterson, Joe. "MGM Acquires ‘Real Housewives,’ ‘Vanderpump Rules’ Producer Evolution Media", *Variety*, July 18, 2017. Retrieved on September 8, 2017.
43. ↑ Littleton, Cynthia. "MGM Acquires ‘Live PD’ Producer Big Fish Entertainment", *Variety*, June 20, 2018. Retrieved on June 21, 2018.
44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 44.2 Petski, Denise. "MGM Revives ‘Stargate’ Franchise With ‘Stargate Origins’ Digital Series & SVOD Platform – Watch The Teaser", *Deadline*, July 21, 2017. Retrieved on September 13, 2018.
45. ↑ Bond, Paul. "MGM's Revenue on the Rise, But Net Income Struggles", *The Hollywood Reporter*, August 14, 2018. Retrieved on September 13, 2018. (in en)
46. ↑ 46.0 46.1 Littleton, Cynthia. "MGM TV Launches International Formats Division", *Variety*, April 3, 2019. Retrieved on April 3, 2019. (in en)
47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 47.2 "Steve Stark Named President of Newly Formed MGM/UA Television", *Variety*, February 22, 2020. Retrieved on March 5, 2020. (in en)
48. ↑ "Paz Vega To Star In & Produce Single Mom Immigrant Comedy Series ‘Tacowood’ For MGM International TV", *Deadline*, February 7, 2020. Retrieved on February 8, 2020. (in en)
49. ↑ 49.0 49.1 "MGM’s Orion Television Expands Scripted Development Team With Three Executive Hires", *Deadline*, January 24, 2020. Retrieved on 12 March 2020. (in en)
50. ↑ 50.0 50.1 "The Roku Channel Adds a New MGM Sci-Fi Channel, Classic James Bond Movies, & More in January 2020", *Cord Cutters News*, January 2, 2020. Retrieved on March 5, 2020.
51. ↑ Bankruptcy Court Voluntary Petition of MGM Holdings. Retrieved on November 6, 2014.
52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 52.2 52.3 Yao, Deborah. "Comcast, MGM to launch action movie VOD channel", *USA Today*, Gannett Co. Inc., August 12, 2008. Retrieved on January 24, 2015.
53. ↑ Stations for Network - The Works (en). Retrieved on March 9, 2017.
54. ↑ Stations for Owner - Titan Broadcast Management (en). Retrieved on March 9, 2017.
55. ↑ "Comcast, MGM Hope New VOD Channel Has Impact", *Broadcasting & Cable*, Comcast, MGM Hope New VOD Channel Has Impact, August 12, 2008. Retrieved on January 29, 2015.
56. ↑ Gruenwedel, Erik. "Comcast, MGM Bow Cable VOD Channel", *Home Media Magazine*, Questex, August 13, 2008. Retrieved on January 29, 2015.
57. ↑ Gibbons, Kent. "MGM Hopes To ‘Impact’ VOD Space", *Multichannel*, NewBay Media, LLC, August 16, 2008. Retrieved on January 29, 2015.

## External links

* MGM Television

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