recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Black Event

The Black Event is the complete destruction of Pittsburgh and the surrounding areas. In the hours prior to its destruction, Kenneth Connell, bearer of the Star Brand, had participated in a comic book convention after embracing the ideas of a superhero. While there, his old nemesis, the Old Man ambushes Connell at the show, destroying the building and killing hundreds of by-standers. After escaping, Connell realizes that he was able to read the Old Man's mind during the encounter and learned he was a centuries old man driven insane by the power of the Star Brand. With this information, coupled by the devastation caused by their fight, Ken decided to get rid of the Star Brand. He had initially planned to transfer the energies on the Moon, however, as he begins the flight he has second thoughts about possibly being stranded so far from medical aid if anything should go wrong. Despite the futile efforts of the spectre-like Paranormal known as The Witness, Ken attempted to transfer the Star Brand into a weight. It resulted in a catastrophic, yet soundless, explosion at 6:06 PM, 22 December, 1987.

Despite the work of Colonel MacIntyre Browning to prevent everyone knowing of the devastation, the Russians reveal the destruction and begin a months long strain of tension, leading to the militarization of many male Paranormals and initiating a war with Russia. The Star Child would then return during World War III, stopping humanity's self-destruction and taking blame for both White and Black Events.

### Checklist

1. The Star Brand #12
2. The Pitt
3. The Draft
4. The War #1
5. The War #2
6. The War #2
7. The War #4

### **Tie-Ins:**

***The Pitt:***
The city of Pittsburgh has been completely destroyed. All that remains is a gigantic crater and an unnatural maelstrom.
\* D.P.7 #18
\* Justice #18

***The Draft:***
The aftermath of the destruction of Pittsburgh.
\* D.P.7 #22
\* Psi-Force #22
New Universe

### Creators

Jim Shooter, Archie Goodwin, Eliot R. Brown, John Morelli, Mark Gruenwald, Tom DeFalco

### First Appearance

Star Brand #1

The **New Universe** is a comic book imprint from Marvel Comics that was published in its original incarnation from 1986 to 1989. It was the first line produced by Marvel Comics utilizing a pre-conceived shared universe concept. It was created by Jim Shooter, Archie Goodwin, Eliot R. Brown, John Morelli, Mark Gruenwald, Tom DeFalco.

In 1986, in honor of Marvel Comics' 25th anniversary, Editor-In-Chief Jim Shooter launched the New Universe line of comics. This was to be a distinctly separate world consisting of its own continuing characters and stories in a more realistic setting. Superhuman activity would have more realistic consequences, yet the characters and their powers would be limited and thus more subdued in their activities.

The premise behind the line of comics was that, prior to July 22, 1986, the New Universe was relatively "normal". The New Universe's first abnormality was the White Event, a strange astronomical phenomenon that occurred on July 22, 1986, at 4:22 a.m., EST, and lasted for mere moments. It bathed the Earth in a bright white light and caused genetic anomalies in two out of every one million humans, which led to them developing superhuman powers. These humans were referred to as paranormals.

The original New Universe titles included:

* Mark Hazzard: Merc
* Spitfire and the Troubleshooters
* Nightmask
* Psi-Force
* Justice
* Star Brand
* D.P.7
* Kickers, Inc.

Sales were sluggish and four of them (Codename: Spitfire, *Merc, Kickers Inc. and Nightmask)* were cancelled after their initial year. From that point on, the remaining titles were taken in a radically new direction following the Black Event, which resulted in the complete destruction of Pittsburgh. The Black Event and its effects were depicted in two graphic novels and a four-part bookshelf format series:

* The Pitt
* The Draft
* The War

In 2006, the universe was revisited with a series of one-shots and short stories collectively called the Untold Tales of the New Universe, which take place prior to the Black Event. These stories included:

* Untold Tales of the New Universe: Kickers, Inc.
* Untold Tales of the New Universe: Star Brand
* Untold Tales of the New Universe: Nightmask
* Untold Tales of the New Universe: Marc Hazzard: Merc
* Untold Tales of the New Universe: Justice
* Untold Tales of the New Universe: DP7
* Untold Tales of the New Universe: Spitfire
* Untold Tales of the New Universe: Psi-Force

## Trivia

* Adding to the sense of realism, the New Universe titles were designed to operate in real-time(a month would lapse in the universe for each month that passed in reality). The limitation of fantasy elements, and the low-key nature of the characters' activities in the New Universe, gave the imprint verisimilitude, to seem like "**The World Outside Your Window**," which was the series catchphrase.
Haus der Jugend Mümmelmannsberg

Das **Haus der Jugend Mümmelsmannsberg**
(hp,
go)
ist eine städtische Einrichtung in Hamburg-Mümmelmannsberg (Billstedt) und bietet vor allem Freizeitangebote für Kinder und Jugendliche von 6 bis ca. 25 Jahren.

**Adresse:**
Max-Pechstein-Str. (Kirchnerweg 8)

Anfahrt: U3 Mümmelmannsberg

Öffnungszeiten:
Mo-Fr 12:00-21:00 Uhr; Sa 12:30-17:30 Uhr
Kinder- und Jugendsozialarbeit, offene Angebote, Reisen, Getränke, Lebensmittel
040 / 42 89 79 261/274

bisher nicht ermittelt

#### Weblinks

* http://muemmelmannsberg.de/html/haus\_der\_jugend\_mummelmannsberg.html
* http://www.hdj-mümmelmannsberg.de/hdj.php
* http://www.jugendserver-hamburg.de/?aid=255
* http://www.infoente.de/einrichtungen2.php?v=Haus%20der%20Jugend%20M%FCmmelmannsberg
TE

TE
--

couldn't find the exact area, elusive bastard

Region E of the temporal lobe, TE, receives input from the ventral stream. It's important in object recognition.

Different neurons respond to the same object in slightly different oriëntations or shades, but because these neurons are grouped together in a column, it can still be perceived as the same object.

The TE has great neuroplasticity.
Hundred Year War

Result

The **Hundred Year War** began when King Caerdin of Camelot decided to break away from the Katholian Church in response to the Lyonesse invasions of the Wood Elf kingdoms.

## Aftermath

By the time of the Camelot Accords, Magister Gabrius II was more concerned with repairing the damage rather than continuing the war. The Camelot Accords dictated that the Magister of the Katholian Church had no authority outside of Katholian nations and that Lyonesse would withdraw from the Wood Elf kingdoms in exchange for peace.
Behemoth

**Behemoth**s are large reptilian creatures native to the continent of Aegyn.

## Physiology

Behemoths come in many different shapes, sizes and colors. However, a majority of them are very large, hence the name. Depending of the species, a Behemoth can be herbivorous or carnivorous.

## Known species

* A'lanyt
	+ Qumanyt
	+ Mishanyt
* Alqarth
* Al'nqyl
* Crested spitter
* Sirahin
* Ashmalik
* Ahkhira
* Alqirn
* Rasmilh
* Dral'hyl
* Alh'Kimit
Star Brand Vol. 1 2

> "**He pushed the button!**"
>
>

### **Synopsis**

Ken starts experimenting with his power, what it can do, and what he should do with it.

Connell flies into space, acts as a peeping Tom on his girlfriend, Barb and witnesses Jenny Swensen in the M.A.X. armor rescue a young boy trapped in a well. That night, he uses his Star Brand power to thwart a terrorist nuclear blackmail scheme at sea, and suceeds into containing a nuclear explosion with the Star Brand. He later meets with Swensen and the Troubleshooters, sending Spitfire on the way to the terrorist scene themselves, and warns them to beware the consequences of whatever actions they take with the M.A.X. armor.

### **Creators**

* Script: **Jim Shooter**
* Pencils: **John Romita, Jr.**
* Inks: **Al Williamson**
* Letters: **Joe Rosen**
* Colors: **Roussos** & **Sharen**
* Editor: **Michael Higgins**

### **Characters**

**Protagonist(s)**

* Ken Connell

**Deuteragonist(s)**

* Debbie "the Duck"
* Myron Feldman
* Jenny Swensen

**Tritagonist(s)**

* Barbara Petrovic
* Myron's Therapy Group **(First appearance)**
* Troubleshooters
	+ Eduardo Giotti
	+ Timothy Ferris
	+ Eric Chin
	+ Andrew Meadows
	+ Theresa Roberts

* Delta Force

**Antagonist(s)**

* Terrorists

### **Locations**

* Space
* Pittsburgh
* West Mifflin
* Upstate New York
* New Hampshire
* Norfolk
* Atlantic Ocean

### **Objects**

* Star Brand
* Nuke
Spitfire and the Troubleshooters Vol. 1 1

"Gear up, Troubleshooters--**and move out!**"

### **Synopsis**

Someone using an advanced armor kills Dr. Karl Swensen while trying to get the design of an updated form of the armor from Swensen. Professor Jenny Swensen, Swensen's daughter, is notified that her father died in a "freak lab accident." During her father's funeral Jenny meets Fritz Krotze, her dad's employer. The next day, while removing her father's personal property from his lab, she discovers a message concerning her father's death and Krotze, however, before she can read it, she is ushered out by security agents working for her father's former boss, her twenty four hours having expired.

After talking to several folks for advice, Jenny decided to break into the Krotze facility to get that message. The Troubleshooters, five genius students attending M.I.T. decided to help her out, without telling her, by distracting the guards long enough for her to get inside undetected. Inside, she discovered them and the **M.A.X.** (**M**an **A**mplified **X**-periment) **Model II** suit, which her father had hidden from his employer. He had done so because he'd begun to doubt Krotze's ultimate motives for his technology, and this ultimately cost him his life. Jenny decided to steal the final M.A.X. model and the mobile laboratory it was built with. This laboratory consisted of three mack trucks, the trailers of which housed the work space needed to maintain the M.A.X. suit.

Hiding out in the woods about an hour outside of Boston, Jenny began using the M.A.X. suit to dig a hole in a nearby mountain to hide the three trucks in, when she and the Troubleshooters were tracked down and attacked by a man piloting the other M.A.X.. She trounced the man in the M.A.X. suit, and then warned Krotze off.

After this, Jenny then took off with the Troubleshooters for a new hiding place.

### **Creators**

* Plot: **Eliot Brown, John Morelli**
* Script: **Gerry Conway**
* Pencils: **Herb Trimpe**
* Inks: **Sinnott** & **Morgan**
* Letters: **Rick Parker**
* Color: **George Roussos**
* Editor: **Bob Harras**
* Editor-in-Chief: **Jim Shooter**

### **Characters**

**Protagonist(s)**

* Jenny Swensen **(First appearance)**

**Deuteragonist(s)**

* Troubleshooters **(First appearance)**
	+ Andrew Meadows **(First appearance)**
	+ Eric Chin **(First appearance)**
	+ Timothy Ferris **(First appearance)**
	+ Eduardo Giotti **(First appearance)**
	+ Theresa Roberts **(First appearance)**

**Tritagonist(s)**

* Dr. Karl Swensen **(First appearance)**

**Antagonist(s)**

* Fritz Krotze **(First appearance)**
* Richard Faylen **(First appearance)**
* Mick Johnson **(First appearance)**

### **Locations**

* M.I.T.
* Fort Krotze
* Dormont

### **Objects**

* M.A.X. Model I
* M.A.X. Model II
Central nervous system

## CNS

Mediates behaviour. Nerves in the CNS are called **tracts**. Information toward the CNS is called **afferent**, information leaving the CNS is called **efferent.**

### Development

* A zygote is first a single cell.
* After 15 days of division, it's formed several sheets of cells with a raised area called the embryonic disc.
* After 21 days the neural plate (primitive neural tissue) is formed.
* The neural plate folds to form a groove, and then curls into a neural tube. This neural tube is lined with neural stem cells (see below).
* By 7 weeks, the embryo looks like a person.
* By 60 days, exposure or absence to testosterone leads to sexual dimorphism.

The development of the brain can be read in the article about the brain.

### Neurons and glia

Neural stem cells line the ventricles. They produce progenitor cells, which can divide and produce neuroblasts and glioblasts. These, in turn, can turn into neurons and glia.
Somatosensory cortex

The somatosensory cortex receives input from the ventrolateral thalamus. It consists of functional layers, of which each layer responds to a local area of skin.

## Primary somatosensory cortex

Consists of four areas that receive input from specific receptors, which each have their own homunculus. It begins the process of constructing perceptions from somatosensory information. Projects to the secondary SC.

### 2

Joints, pressure. Contains multimodal cells that are responsive to other kinds of receptor types.

## Secondary somatosensory cortex

Refines perceptual constructions, and sends information to the frontal cortex.
Star Brand Vol. 1 1

"There is a weapon in the universe more powerful than all others. No more coveted, feared, loved, or hated thing exist. Only a fool, or a madman--or the right man-- would dare possess.... **The Star Brand****.**"

### **Synopsis**

While riding a motorcycle in the Laurel Mountains mechanic Kenneth Connell is contacted by the "Old Man" and given the Star Brand. Ken immediately manifests the paranormal powers of flight and super strength through use of the Star Brand. Ken the flies to the home of his friend Myron Feldman, a psychiatrist. While explaining how he acquired his power to him, Ken is attacked by what looks like an armoured extraterrestrial. The alien pursues Ken into a deserted dump. When Ken feels he is being defeated by the alien, he unleashes a great burst of energy which apparently destroys the alien. Ken the flies to his friend Debbie's house, where he rests.

The day after, Ken goes back to the Laurel Mountains in search of any sign of the "Old Man". Ken enters a cave and finds a jumpsuit and boots in the ground. He takes his new clothes and leaves the area. Later that day, he goes to the home of his girlfriend, Barbara Petrovic, and finds that her daughter Laurie is playing with a weapon that was used by the alleged alien in their fight on the previous night. Ken takes the weapon and leaves in confusion.

After spending the day working, Ken goes back to the Laurel Mountains. There, he finds and confronts the alleged alien and tosses it and its craft into space.

### **Notes:**

* The cover here is misleading as Ken never actually goes into outer space himself in this issue.

### **Creators**

* Scripter: **Jim Shooter**
* Penciler: **John Romita Jr.**
* Inker: **Al Williamson**
* Letterer: **Joe Rosen**
* Colorist: **Christie Scheele**
* Editor: **Michael Higgins**

### **Characters**

**Protagonist(s)**

* Ken Connell **(First appearance)**

**Deuteragonist(s)**

* "Old Man" **(First appearance)**
* Myron Feldman **(First appearance)**
* Debbie "the Duck" **(First appearance)**

**Tritagonist(s)**

* Barbara Petrovic **(First appearance)**
* Laurie **(First appearance)**
* Bobby **(First appearance)**
* John Eberhardt **(First appearance)**

**Antagonist(s)**

* Alien **(First appearance)**

### **Locations**

* Laurel Mountains
* West Mifflins
* Dormont
Spitfire and the Troubleshooters Vol. 1 2

"You're incompetent! You did the one thing you never should've done! **YOU HAVE MADE ME MAD!**"

### **Synopsis**

Jenny and Andy made for Parker's Hill, New Hampshire, where the two began to break down the M.A.X. Model II suit to see how it ticked. During these tests, Jenny spotted a truck with three local hunters drive over a cliff nearby. Using an electromagnetic clamp, she snagged the truck before it could topple all the way down the cliff, though the drunken men told a bunch of reporters all about it. Local media jumped all over the story, revealing their approximate location to anybody that was looking for her.

Meanwhile, the rest of the Troubleshooters were busy adapting the M.A.X. technology in new and innovative ways. Giotti, for instance, had developed a sort of harness he called "Strongarms", that allowed him to perpetrate great feats of strength.

Knowing that Krotze was going to try something, the Troubleshooters broke into Krotze's research facility, where Giotti go inside a train carrying a deadly payload left the facility towards New Hampshire. The others followed the train to its final destination, where they finally spotted the new weapon. It was a tank that Krotze had apparently developed for the United Stated Department of Defense. Jenny put on the armor in order to rescue Giotti, after the other Troubleshooters got together with her and warned her of his plight. While Jenny distracted the Behemoth tank, the free Troubleshooters managed to liberate their pal. Once he was free and clear, Jenny managed to spot and clip the wire guide that controlled the unmanned tank and sever it. While it was helpless, she pitched it over the cliff, and decided to go after Krotze herself.

### **Creators**

* Script: **Gerry Conway**
* Pencils: **Herb Trimpe**
* Inks: **Bob McLeod**
* Letters: **Rick Parker**
* Color: **George Roussos**
* Editor: **Bob Harras**
* Editor in Chief: **Jim Shooter**

### **Characters**

**Protagonist(s)**

* Jenny Swensen

**Deuteragonist(s)**

* Troubleshooters
	+ Andrew Meadows
	+ Eric Chin
	+ Timothy Ferris
	+ Eduardo Giotti
	+ Theresa Roberts

**Tritagonist(s)**

* Hunters

**Antagonist(s)**

* Fritz Krotze
* Richard Faylen

### **Locations**

* Parker's Hill, New Hampshire
* Cambridge Massachusetts
* Krotze International

### **Objects**

* M.A.X. Model II
* Death Tank
White Event

### Description

A strange astronomical phenomenon that bathed the Earth with a bright white light and caused genetic anomalies in some humans.

### Origin

Star Brand

The White Event was the name given to a mysterious blinding flash of light which bathed the Earth on July 22, 1986. In the wake of this strange event two person out of every one million humans began to develop paranormal powers, and some also mutated physically, in ways which seemed to defy medical science. It was later revealed that **The Old Man**, one of the wielders of the immensely powerful cosmic artefact known as the Star Brand, had attempted to rid himself of his unwanted power by transferring the Star Brand onto an asteroid near Earth. However, the Brand required a living being's will in order to control it, and when placed in an inanimate object, a flood of power was released, infusing many human beings with a fraction of the Star Brand's energies.
Ear

The ear handles both sound and balance.

## Sound

* Sound is deflected into the external ear canal.
* The waves are amplified and make the eardrum vibrate.
* Which makes the ossicles (thos bones) vibrate.
* Those amplify the vibrations, and convey it to the oval window.
* Which sends vibrations through the cochlear fluid.
* This causes the basilar membrane to bend, which makes cilia embedded in the tectorial membrane to bend. This generates neural signals by the hair cells.
* They synapse with bipolar cells, that then form the auditory nerve.
* This information goes either to inferior colliculus and the olivary complex.

## Vestibular system

The vestibular system is part of the somatosensory system. It collects information about our position in space in relation to gravity, movement, and helps compensating for movement. It consists of two groups of receptors per ear; the semicircular canals and the otolith organs.

### Semicircular canals

Collects information about the **movement** of the head. Each canal is for a direction (and its opposite) in space. The canals are filled with the fluid *endolymph*. Hair cells detect the motion of the endolymph, which creates action potentials.

### Otolith organs

Collects information about the **tilting** of the head. Contain gelatinlike stuff with small crystals in it called *otoconia*. The gelatin presses against hair cells when the head is tilted, which creates an action potential.
Brain

The Brain is like the main subject of this course

* At the start of brain development, neurons are produced rapidly during **neurogenesis**. This is finished after ~5 months after gestation.
* Cell migration begins shortly after the start of neurogenesis. The neurons are brought to a proper layer in the cortex by radial glial cells, which extend to the surface of the cortex.
* After they've arrived at their proper place, neurons mature; they grow dendrites and extend their axons to appropriate targets. Maturation continues long after birth.
Hoheluft-West

**Hoheluft-West**
(de,
go)
ist einer der neun Stadtteile von Eimsbüttel und der am dichtesten besiedelte Teil Hamburgs. Bis 1939 gehörte das Gebiet zu Eppendorf.

Der aus der TV-Serie
Dittsche bekannte Imbiss
Eppendorfer Grillstation befindet sich im
Eppendorfer Weg 172.

Barrierefreiheit / Essen für Bedürftige: k.A.

#### Externe Links

* https://www.hamburg.de/hoheluft-west/
* commons:Category:Hamburg-Hoheluft-West => commons:Category:Hamburg-Hoheluft
* commons:Category:Maps of Hamburg-Hoheluft-West (leer (Aug 2018))
* commons:File:Pincerno - Stadtteile im Bezirk Eimsbüttel 2008 III.gif

* https://www.hamburg.de/sehenswuerdigkeiten/3301870/dittsche-imbiss/
Lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN)

## LGN

LGN in visual pathway

The LGN gets optic information from the optic tract, and sends it to the visual cortex.

The LGN consists of six layers. Information from the eye on the other side goes to layers 1, 4 and 6, and the information from the eye on the same side to layers 2, 3 and 5.

Layer 1 and 2 receive magnocellular input, layers 3 to 6 parvocellular.
New Universe Database Wiki

## Welcome to the New Universe Database Wiki

The Unofficial Encyclopedia of the New Universe

## Describe your topic

Write a description about your topic. Let your readers know what your topic is about and add some general information about it.

## Latest activity

Photos and videos are a great way to add visuals to your wiki. Find videos about your topic by exploring Fandom's Video Library.

File:Placeholder
Brain for ai Wiki

## Welcome to the Brain for ai Wiki

Yo this if for a course of my study. Probably not gonna finish it but hey

## Describe your topic

Write a description about your topic. Let your readers know what your topic is about and add some general information about it.

## Latest activity

Photos and videos are a great way to add visuals to your wiki. Find videos about your topic by exploring Fandom's Video Library.

File:Placeholder
Limbic system

The limbic system is not a unitary system, but consists of different parts that control different things. It plays roles in controlling affective and motivated bahaviours (especially species-typical behaviour), as well as certain forms of memory. It also includes the olfactory bulb, which is responsible for our sense of smell.

### Limbic circuit

All parts of the limbic system connect to the hypothalamus, which in turn produces behaviour.
Olfactory bulb

The olfactory bulb is connected to the receptor cells in the nasal cavity. It sends its input to the **pyriform cortex** at the bottom of the brain, before it goes to the hypothalamus and dorsal medial thalamus.

### Accessory olfactory bulb

Receives input about pheromones from the vomeronasal organ. This is sent to the amygdala and hypothalamus.
Tegmentum

Lies below the Tectum. It's a collection of nuclei with movement-related, species-specific, and pain-perception functions.

### Substantia nigra

Connects to the forebrain, and is important for initiating movements. Also produces dopamine for the dopaminergic system.

Destruction of the substantia nigra can lead to Parkinson's disease.

### Periacqueductal gray matter

Contains circuits controlling species-specific behaviour.
Mark Hazzard: Merc Vol. 1 1

"You picked a really rotten time to stop disappointing people."

### **Synopsis**

Mark Hazzard, a mercenary, is assigned to by the rebels of a South Pacific country government to bring the president to them dead or alive. He choices dead. After that, the government soldiers began to compete for the president title. When the shooting stopped, the soldiers were killed by Mal, Mark's friend. Once the rebels have come down from the hills, Santo, the rebel's leader, takes charge of the country.

Mark and Mal then kidnap the late president's daughter and run off with her. However, during the escape, the confused and ingenuous girl refuse to go with them and they were forced to leave her, who was soon killed by the rebels.

Afterwards, Mark calls his son to tell him he's going to his baseball game, surprising his ex-wife.

### **Creators**

* Story: **Peter David**
* Art: **Gray Morrow**
* Lettering: **Bill Oakley**
* Coloring: **Andy Yanchus**
* Editor: **Jim Owsley**
* Editor in Chief: **Jim Shooter**

### **Characters**

**Protagonist(s)**

* Mark Hazzard **(First appearance)**

**Deuteragonist(s)**

* Mal Rossi **(First appearance)**
* Louis 'Treetop' Barrington **(First appearance)**
* Scott Hazzard **(First appearance)**
* Joan **(First appearance)**

**Tritagonist(s)**

* The president's daughter **(First appearance)**
* Leonard Hazzard **(First appearance)**
* Margaret Hazzard **(First appearance)**

**Antagonist(s)**

* The president **(First appearance) (Death)**
* Carmen **(First appearance) (Death)**
* Government soldiers
* Rebels
	+ Santos **(First appearance) (Death)**
	+ numerous other rebels

### **Locations**

* Grammercy Park
* South Pacific
Visual pathway

one huge ass eye damn

The visual pathway handles light. The information from the left and right eye remains seperated throughout the visual pathway.

## Routes

The information leaves the retina through the optic nerves. They cross eachother at the optic chiasm, where information about the left visual field is rerouted to the right and vice versa. Once in the brain, the information splits into two paths:

#### Geniculostriate system

All P and some M ganglion cells project to this system. Now called the optic tract, the information enters the LGN. From there on, it goes to the striate cortex (part of the visual cortex).

#### Tectopulvinar system

The remaining M ganglion cells project to this system. They send their information to the Superior collicus (part of the tectum). From there, it goes to the pulvinar.

## Projects to

#### Geniculostriate

Splits into the dorsal stream, "how", to the PG (parietal lobe), and the ventral stream, "what", to the TE (temporal lobe).

#### Tectopulvinar

To the parietal lobe and the temporal lobe, containing information about "where".
Olfactory pathway

## Olfaction

The olfactory pathway handles smell.

## Reception

The receptors lie in the nasal cavity, on the **olfactory epithelium**. Each receptor cell has several receptors, and lies in the **olfactory mucosa**. Chemicals in the air dissolve in the mucosa. If the chemical affects the receptor, it sends an action potential.

A special receptor system called the **vomeronasal organ** is connected to the nasal passage by a duct. It exlusively deals in **pheromones**.

## Routes

* The normal receptor cells project to the olfactory bulb, right above the nasal cavity.
* The olfactory bulb projects to the **pyriform cortex** and the amygdala.
* The pyriform cortex projects to the hypothalamus and the dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus.
* The receptors from the vomeronasal organ project to the accessory olfactory bulb.
* This projects to the amygdala and hypothalamus.

## Processing

Nobody really knows what all those regions do. Sad.

## Project to

* The thalamus projects to the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). The OFC plays a central role in emotional and social behaviours, as well as eating.
* The projection of the vomeronasal organ to the amygdala and hypothalamus plays a role in reproductive and social behaviour.
Hippocampus

The hippocampus is responsible for the storage of long-term memory, and memories of locations.

It regulates the levels of the hormone cortisol, which plays a role in the response to stress. Prolonged exposure to stress can increase the amount of cortisol to the point of damaging the hippocampus, starting a vicious cycle.
Auditory cortex

The auditory cortex receives input from the medial geniculate nucleus. It's functionally asymmetrical. It consists of these parts:

### Primary auditory cortex (A1)

Located within Heschl's gyrus. Receives input from the ventral path of the visual pathway. Is organized in a tonotopical map which is maintained through the auditory pathway.

### Secondary auditory cortex (A2)

Located next to Heschl's gyrus in the temporal lobe. Receives inout from the dorsal path.

### Wernicke's area

Left hemisphere: Speech zone. Contains sound images of words, which is used to comprehend words. Connected to Broca's area through the Arcuate fasciculus.

Right hemisphere: Analyses music.
Hindbrain

The hindbrain (or rhombencephalon) is evolutionary the oldest part of the brain. It contains structures that coordinate and control both voluntary and involuntary movements.

### Pons

Forms a bridge between the cerebellum and the rest of the brain.

* **Locus coeruleus**, which produces norepinephrine.
* **Olivary system**, which receives auditory input from the cochlear nucleus. It measures the time difference betweeen the arrival of sound for the two ears. It connects to the inferior colliculus.

### Medulla

Regulates vital functions, such as breathing and the cardiovascular system. Damage to this area can kill you.

### Reticular formation

At the core of the whole brainstem. A netlike structure in which nuclei and fiber pathways are mixed. Associated with sleep-wake behaviour and behaviour arousal.

Contains the Raphé nuclei, which produces serotonin.

### Cerebellum

Controls complex movements, as well as various cognitive functions. The relative size of the cerebellum increases with the physical speed and dexterity of a species.
Eye

in this house, we only care about the retina

The eye receives light as input (omg). The **cones** (detail, colour, need bright light) and **rods** (can operate in dim light) are located at the back of the retina.

The information goes through bipolar cells to the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). There are three kinds of RGC:

* Photosensitive RGCs (pRGCs) connect to the suprachiasmatic nucleus, and are not part of the visual pathway.

* The **magnocellular** cells get input primarily from rods, the **parvocellular** from cones.

The axons of the M and P RGCs form the optic nerve, and proceed towards either the LGN or the Superior collicus. (See: visual pathway).
Tectum

Lies above the Tegmentum. Produces orienting movements by integrating different kinds of sensory input (looking at the source of a sound for example). It integrates tactile information as well, besides the input below.

### Superior collicus

Receives visual input from the optic tract, which it sends to the Pulvinar.

### Inferior collicus

Receives input from the auditory pathway.
Thalamus

Integrates information from sensory systems and projects it to the correct region of the neocortex.

* **Pulvinar:** receives visual input from the Superior colliculus, and sends it to the parietal and temporal lobes.
* LGN: receives visual input from the optic tract, and sends it to the visual cortex.
* **Medial geniculate nucleus**: Receives auditory input from the inferior colliculus, and sends it to the auditory cortex.
* **Ventrolateral nucleus**: Receives somatosensory input from the medial lemniscus. Sends this information to the primary motor and premotor cortex, as well as the somatosensory cortex.
* **Dorsomedial nucleus**: Receives olfactory input from the pyriform cortex. Sends this to the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in the prefrontal cortex.
* **Ventroposterior medial nucleus**: Receives gustatory input from the taste buds. Sends this information to the primary somatosensory cortex and gustatory cortex.
Hypothalamus

Produces neurohormones that stimulate the pituitary gland to secrete hormones into the circulatory system. These hormones, in turn, stimulate endocrine glands to secrete hormones that stimulate target organs.

Receives input from:

* **Pyriform cortex**: olfactory information.
* **Vomeronasal organ**: pheromone olfactory information.
* **Taste buds**: gustatory information.
Spinal cord

The spinal cord is part of the CNS, and relays information from and to the brain, as well as mediating movements by itself.

### Law of Bell and Magendie

The dorsal root always carries sensory information, and the ventral root aways motor information.

### Segmentation

It lies within a spinal column, made up of bones called **vertebrae**. These are categorized into five regions, to which the nerves from the SNS connect. These are called **spinal nerves**.
Glial cells

Glial cells are the support cells of the nervous system. Each has a different structure and job.

### Ependymal cells

Found on the walls of the ventricles. They secrete cerebrospinal fluid.

### Astrocytes/Astroglia

Found in the CNS; they connect blood vessels and neurons, and hold them in place by attaching to the brain's lining. All substances exchanged by the blood and the neurons go through astrocytes. Only small substances can pass this **blood-brain barrier**, protecting the neurons from toxins.

### Microglia

Originate in the blood, and are an offshoot of the immune system. They monitor the health of the brain tissue and acts as its immune system. They provide growth factors to damaged cells, and use phagocytosis against foreign tissue.

### Oligodendroglia and Schann cells

These glial cells myelinate axons. Myeline speeds up the propagation of signals. Oligodendroglia myelinate the CNS, providing myelin for multiple cells at a time. Schwann cells myelinate the PNS, and each cell wraps itself around one axon.

Myelination begins just after birth, and continues until at least 20 years of age.
Visual cortex

The visual cortex processes visual information. It consists of at least six regions. Anything outside the striate cortex is an extrastriate cortex.

### V1 (striate cortex)

Receives input from the LGN. Seperates the information into **blobs** (colour) and **interblobs** (form and movement).

### V2

Gets input from V1. Consists of stripes: Thick ones (movement), thin ones (colour) and pale zones (form).

### V3

Gets input from V2. Processes dynamic form.

V3A processes form.

### V4

Gets input from V2. Processes colour and form. It's cells are responsive to different perceived colour, with the center being excited by a certain colour, and the surround being inhibited. This plays a role in **colour constancy**.

### Beyond the visual cortex

**Dorsal stream:** Input from V3A and V5, goes to Parietal lobe.

**Ventral stream:** Input from V3 and V4, goes to Temporal lobe.
Neurons

All neurons have a similar makeup, which can be seen to the right. I'm not gonna explain all that lmao. There are three types of neurons:

### Types of neurons

#### Sensory neurons

**Bipolar neuron**: Found in the retina, real small, has only one dendrite and axon.

**Somatosensory neuron**: Brings sensory information to the spinal cord for the somatosensory system. The dendrite connects directly to the axon, with the cell body on the side.

#### Interneurons

**Pyramidal cell**: Carries information from the cortex to the rest of the CNS. Has two sets of dendrites, a long axon and a pyramid-shaped cell body.

**Purkinje cell**: Carries information from the cerebellum to the rest of the CNS. Has a fuckton of dendrite branches.

#### Motor neurons

Have long axons and a lot of dendrites. Mostly found in the lower brainstem and the spinal cord.

#### Radial glial cells

Glial cells that, during brain development, extend from the subventricular zone to the surface of the cortex, guiding neurons to the right cortical layer.

### Maturation

Neurons which are at their proper place during brain development start to mature; they grow axons and dendrites. The axons find their target by their growing tips called **growth cones**. These send out shoots called **filopodia**. When a filopod finds a target, the rest of the axon follows. The cues that they follow are **CAMs** and **tropic molecules**, which are secreted by cells either telling them to come there or not.
Pro

## Rodzina

Wilk Trzyblizny (tylko wolf life 3) chwilowo

## Przynależność

Bandyci

**Pro -** Postać występująca w większości z życia postaci! Należy do grupy bandytów razem z Noobem i Łuczarzem.

Pro w przeciwieństwie do Nooba jest lepszy we wszystkim od niego można powiedzieć że jest nawet mistrzem!

gdy ktoś do niego podskakuje on kpi sobie z przeciwnika można zobaczyć to ( tu! 2:15 )

Ma zdolności wpadania w furię bojową gdy w nią wpada jego oczy są czerwone i w ręce nie trzyma

Jednego Diaxowego miecza tylko trzyma dwie miecze i robi mistrzowskie ruchy. przez co trudno go pokonać.

## Charakter

Pro jest zły i bezwzględny

jest też sprytny i bystry potrafi świetnie sobie poradzić w świecie minecraft bez trudu

lubi też dokuczać swoim przeciwnikom (patrz wyżej)

(złośliwy) i ma zdolność do agresji.

## Wygląd

Pro ma jasną karnację brązowe włosy czarne oczy (podczas furii czerwone) nosi ciemnozielony strój z ciemnozielono-brązową kominiarkę. z brązowymi butami z przyczepionymi pasami na tułowiu.
Somatosensory system

The somatosensory system deals with sensation. It's not localized; its receptors can be found all over the body.

## Reception

There are three kinds of somatosensory perception.

### Nocioception

Deals with pain and temperature. Irritation to free nerve endings releases chemicals that produce action potentials.

### Hapsis

Deals with fine touch and pressure. Pressure on the skin or movement of hairs produce action potentials.

### Proprioception

Deals with body awareness; movement of muscles, joints, bones (Olaf has no proprioception). Movement stretches receptors, which produces action potentials.

### Balance

Only localized part; the Vestibular system. Movement of the head or body creates an action potential.

## Routes

### Dorsal spinothalamic tract

* The haptic and proprioceptive axons go this way, on the dorsal side of the spinal cord, ipsilaterally.
* They switch to the other side of the body in the Medial Lemniscus (Brainstem).
* They synapse in the ventrolateral thalamus.
* They continue to the somatosensory cortex.

### Ventral spinothalamic tract

* Nocioceptive axons go this way. They synapse on the dorsal side of the spinal cord, then go to the ventral side, on the contralateral side.
* They join the medial lemniscus pathway.
* They synapse in the ventrolateral thalamus.
* They continue to the somatosensory cortex.

### Vestibular nerve

The vestibular nerve joins with the cochlear nerve, forming the auditory vestibular nerve (See: auditory pathway).

## Projects to

* The ventrolateral thalamus sends information to the primary motor and premotor cortex.
* The SS2 contributes to the visual **ventral stream** by providing (conscious) information about object size, shape, and texture. It contributes to the visual **dorsal stream** by specifying (unconscious) the movement used for grasping a target.
* The spinal cord initiates **reflexes** based on somatosensory information.
Craftronix

Craftronix to niemiecki animator YouTube dla dzieci, który uwielbia tworzyć animacje Minecraft. Ten kanał ma na celu zaangażowanie dzieci w wieku 10 lat i starszych. To jest oryginalny kanał Minecraft Life Series. Zyskał sławę i uznanie za swoje animacje z Minecrafta.

## Historia

Craftronix rozpoczął działalność na YouTube w 2013 roku. Jego produkcje to główne animacje Minecrafta, ale nie tylko. Jego pierwsze produkcje zakończyły się niepowodzeniem, ale potem kolejne filmy stawały się coraz bardziej popularne. Craftronix jest jednym z Youtuberów, którzy stworzyli i opublikowali ogromną liczbę filmów.

## Kamienie milowe na kanale

*Uwaga: Poniższe daty są zgodne z Social Blade. Daty mogą się różnić o jeden lub dwa dni ze względu na różnice w strefach czasowych.*

### Kamienie milowe subskrybenta

* 1 mln subskrybentów: czerwiec 15, 2017
* 3 mln subskrybentów: marzec 12, 2019
* 4 mln subskrybentów: lipiec 23, 2020

### Kamienie milowe oglądania wideo

* 1 miliard wyświetleń: sierpień 26, 2019

## Co to jest ocena wiekowa Craftronix

Ocena wiekowa Craftronix 10+.(Craftronix age rating 10+.)Angielska wersja tej klasyfikacji wiekowej, 10+.(English version of this age rating, 10+.)Pro Life Season 1 - Craftronix Minecraft AnimationNajczęściej oglądany film i zwiastun kanału(Most viewed video and Channel trailer)Minecraft functional Slotmachine !Pierwszy film(First video)
Auditory pathway

The auditory pathway handles sound.

### Routes

The auditory nerve joins with the nerve from the vestibular system to form the auditory vestibular nerve. The auditory path is split into a ventral and dorsal division.

* The ventral cochlear nucleus connects to the Olivary complex and the inferior colliculus; the dorsal cochlear nucleus only to the inferior colliculus on the other hemisphere than the ear.
* The inferior colliculus connects to the medial geniculate nucleus in both hemispheres.
* The medial geniculate nucleus connects to the auditory cortex; The ventral part to A1, the dorsal part to those adjacent to A1.

### Projects to

Temporal lobe: Identifying auditory stimuli.

Posterior parietal region: Control of movement.
Dyrektor Fabryki kurczaków

## Przynależność

Fabryka kurczaków

**Dyrektor Fabryki kurczaków -** Jeden z Antagonistów. jest dyrektorem czy prezesem Fabryki kurczaków korupcyjny.

## Wygląd

On jasną karnację brązowo-czarne włosy nosi okulary przeciwsłoneczne

Biały podkoszulek z brązowym mundurem. czarne spodnie szaro-czarnymi i buty z żółtymi bądź złotymi elementami.

## Charakter

- Arogancki

- Zadufany

-Bezwzględny

- Chciwy

- Korupcyjny

## Pojawienia

Zombie life

Pig life 2

Pro life

## Ciekawostki

W zombie life 3 ma inny wygląd. inaczej zbudowane okulary.
Autonomic nervous system

## ANS

The ANS operates without our conscious awareness. The two divisions of the ANS work in opposition.

### Sympathetic division: stimulatory

The sympathetic division arouses the body, stimulating the heart to beat faster and inhibiting the digestion. It's not controlled directly by the spinal cord, but through autonomic control centers, gathered in the sympathetic chain ganglion. The chain is close to the spinal cord.

### Parasympathetic division: Inhibitory

The parasympathetic division calms the body, slowing the heartbeat down and stimulating digestion. It's connected to the cranial and spinal nerves, but the ganglia between those nerves and the target organ are close to the organ, in contrast to the sympathetic division.

### Neurotransmission

ACh from the CNS stimulates the parasympathetic division, and stimulates neurons from the sympathetic division containing norepinephrine, which stimulates SD. The effects on organs can be excitatory or inhibitory, depending on its receptors.
Gustatory pathway

Taste.

## Reception

Taste receptors are found all over the mouth, grouped in taste buds.The bases of the buds connect with cranial nerves.

## Routes

The cranial nerves form the main gustatory nerve, the solitary tract. This tract splits when it reaches the brainstem.

* One travels through the medulla to the ventroposterior medial nucleus of the thalamus, which sends out paths to the primary somatosensory cortex and the gustatory cortex.
* The other projects through the pons to the hypothalamus and the amygdala.
Amygdala

The amygdala receives input from all sensory systems. Many neurons of the amygdala are **multimodal**; responding to more than one sensory modality.

It plays a role in emotion and species-typical behaviour, and sends these influences to the hypothalamus and the brainstem. It has connections to the frontal lobes as well.

Receives input from:

* Pyriform cortex (olfaction, general smell)
* Accessory olfactory bulb (olfaction, pheromones)
* Taste buds (gustation)
Hormones

Endocrine glands

Hormones are signalling molecules, secreted by endocrine glands to communicate signals to the rest of the body.

### Chemical classification

#### Steriod

Steriod hormones are made from cholesterol ad are lipid suble, and can therefore diffuse their way through cell membranes. They act on the cell's DNA to increase or decrease the production of proteins.

#### Peptide

Peptide hormones are made the same way as other proteins. They influence the cell by binding to metabotropic receptors on the membrane, generating a second messenger cascade.

### Functional classification

#### Homeostatic

Maintains homeostasis in an organism. For example controlling the concentration of blood, and levels of certain minerals.

#### Gonodal

Control reproductive functions, sex characteristics.

#### Glucocorticoids

Important for metabolism and controlling sugar levels in the blood. These hormones are secreted in times of stress. The hormone cortisol is regulated by the hippocampus.
Basal ganglia

Subcortical nuclei that coordinate voluntary movements of the limbs and body. It's connected to the Thalamus and to the midbrain.

### Disorders

Tourette's syndrome: motor tics, involuntary movements and vocalizations.

Parkinson's disease: Severe tremors in the body, muscular regidity and reduction in voluntary movement.
Harvestehude

**Harvestehude**
(de,
go)
ist einer der neun Stadtteile von Hamburg-Eimsbüttel.
Dazu gehören u.a. die
Grindelhochhäuser
und der größte Teil des Quartiers
Pöseldorf

#### Externe Links

* http://www.hamburg.de/harvestehude/
* commons:Category:Hamburg-Harvestehude
* commons:Category:Maps of Hamburg-Harvestehude
* commons:File:Pincerno - Stadtteile im Bezirk Eimsbüttel 2008 III.gif
Dopaminergic system

The dopaminergic system has two seperate paths:

Active in maintaining normal motor behaviour

## Mesolimbic pathways (purple in pic)

Responsible for feelings of reward and pleasure, thought to be most influenced by drugs and addictions.

#### Distributed to:

Prefrontal cortex, cerebellum, striatum (basal ganglia).

#### Problems:

Increases in DA may be related to schizophrenia, and decreases to deficits of attention.
Trabajo colaborativo en la educacion

## ***equipó:16 Fernanda Esparza Perez y perla Lopez Hernandez***

La propuesta de trabajo cooperativo, entiende la cooperación como una asociación entre personas que van en busca de ayuda mutua en tanto procuran realizar actividades conjuntas, de manera tal que puedan aprender unos de otros. El Aprendizaje Cooperativo se caracteriza por un comportamiento basado en la cooperación, esto es: una estructura cooperativa de incentivo, trabajo y motivaciones, lo que necesariamente implica crear una interdependencia positiva en la interacción alumno-alumno y alumno-profesor, en la evaluación individual y en el uso de habilidades interpersonales a la hora de actuar en pequeños grupos.

El trabajo en grupo permite que los alumnos se unan, se apoyen mutuamente, que tengan mayor voluntad, consiguiendo crear más y cansándose menos... ya que los esfuerzos individuales articulados en un grupo cooperativo cobran más fuerza.
Craftronix Wiki

## **Witamy na Craftronix Wiki**

Witamy na Craftronix wiki , wiki ta jest zbudowana na kanale Craftronix!
Tu się możesz więcej dowiedzieć o
-postaciach
- z życia postaci
pomagajcie nam w rozwinięciu wiki!

## **Wskazówki**

* Dopiero zaczynasz przygodę z edytowaniem wiki? Zajrzyj do Centrum Pomocy, aby nauczyć się wszystkiego co musisz wiedzieć o budowie wiki.
* Przejrzyj obecnie istniejące kategorie, aby dowiedzieć się jakie narzędzia masz do swojej dyspozycji i jakie strony zostały już utworzone.
* Odwiedź główna kategorię administracyjną, która zawiera wszystkie najważniejsze narzędzia pozwalające utrzymać wiki w dobrej formie.

Zawartość
* Tutaj umieść linki do najciekawszych artykułów na wiki.
* Drugi link.
* I trzeci.

Ostatnie zmiany

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Pomóż nam i spróbuj rozbudować tę wiki.
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