recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Dakatoraptor

The one thing that immediately stands out about *Dakotaraptor* at first glance is simply the large size of this dromaeosaurid dinosaur.‭ ‬Most dromaeosaurid dinosaurs measure in at under two meters in length,‭ ‬with a few genera ranging between two and three meters long.‭ ‬The Holotype individual of *Dakotaraptor* however has a reconstructed length of five and a half meters.‭ ‬At the‭ ‬time of the‭ ‬2015‭ ‬description,‭ ‬this makes *Dakotaraptor* the second largest dromaeosaurid dinosaur known,‭ ‬with the largest being *Utahraptor*.

      As far as comparison between *Dakotaraptor* and *Utahraptor* goes,‭ *‬Utahraptor* lived in North America around Utah‭ (‬clue is in the name‭) ‬during the Early Cretaceous roughly one hundred and twenty-six million years ago.‭ *‬Dakotaraptor* also lived in North America but around South Dakota towards the end of the Late Cretaceous some sixty-six million years ago.‭ ‬Not only are *Dakotaraptor* and *Utahraptor* separated by a wide temporal gulf,‭ ‬study of the known fossils of *Dakotaraptor* show that in body‭ ‬proportions‭ ‬this genus was actually more like genera such as *Deinonychus* and *Dromaeosaurus* than it was *Utahraptor*,‭ ‬making a direct link between *Dakotaraptor* and *Utahraptor* unlikely.

      Studies of dromaeosaurid dinosaurs going back to the late twentieth century indicate that dromaeosaurid dinosaurs almost certainly had feathers.‭ ‬These feathers were not necessarily all over the body,‭ ‬but were likely on the thorax and abdomen and almost certain on the arms.‭ *‬Dakotaraptor* supports this theory in that fossils of the ulna‭ (‬one of the forearm bones‭) ‬show attachment points for large pennaceous feathers.‭ ‬It is unknown to what extent feathers would have covered *Dakotaraptor*,‭ ‬but smaller insulating feathers are known to‭ ‬have covered the body in even larger theropod dinosaurs such as the tyrannosaur *Yutyrannus*.‭ ‬However other dinosaurs living in North America during the late Cretaceous such as the ornithomimosaur *Ornithomimus* are known to‭ ‬have had small feathers on the back and sides of the body,‭ ‬but have legs that were devoid of feathers.‭ ‬The coverage of feathers on *Dakotaraptor* were likely a reflection of environmental factors first,‭ ‬and additional functions such as display and egg insulation second.
Euplocephalus

Whereas *Ankylosaurus* is the most famous ankylosaurid dinosaur,‭ *‬Euoplocephalus* is one of the most important because of the huge number of remains that have been attributed to the genus.‭ ‬These include remains of over forty individual *Euoplocephalus*,‭ ‬comprising fifteen known skulls and some post cranial skeletons that are almost complete.‭ ‬This wealth of material has not only helped to increase our understanding of *Euoplocephalus* and the Ankylosauridae as a group,‭ ‬but has also revealed avenues of research that were not previously considered by palaeontologists.

      The skull is probably the single most studied area of *Euoplocephalus*,‭ ‬and is wider than it‭ ‬is‭ ‬long in form.‭ ‬This gives *Euoplocephalus* a very broad cropping mouth similar to other ankylosaurids,‭ ‬but different to the nodasaurids like *Edmontonia* and *Nodosaurus* which had narrow mouths.‭ ‬This meant that *Euoplocephalus* was a more generalist browser of low vegetation,‭ ‬and possibly had a more advanced or larger digestive system to cope with digesting a greater variety of plants.‭ ‬The teeth inside the mouth of *Euoplocephalus* are small,‭ ‬and like other ankylosaurids are more suitable for chopping Along with a presence of a hard palate that would allow *Euoplocephalus* to breathe while it had food in its mouth,‭ ‬it probably spent some time processing food with up and down movements of its mouth before swallowing.‭ ‬This processing in itself would allow ankylosaurids like *Euoplocephalus* to‭ ‬obtain more nutrition from their food regardless of if they had a more developed digestive system.
Snowshoe Hare

Snowshoe hares are forest-dwellers that prefer the thick cover of brushy undergrowth. They are primarily a northern species that inhabit boreal forests and can also range as far north as the shores of the Arctic Ocean. Along with North American mountain ranges, where elevation simulates the environment of more northerly latitudes, they can be found as far south as Virginia (the Appalachians) and New Mexico (the Rockies). Snowshoe hares feed at night, following well-worn forest paths to feed on trees and shrubs, grasses, and plants.

These animals are nimble and fast, which is fortunate because they are a popular target for many predators. Lynx, fox, coyote, and even some birds of prey hunt this wary hare. Like most hares (and rabbits), snowshoe hares are prolific breeders. Females have two or three litters each year, which include from one to eight young per litter. Young hares, called leverets, require little care from their mothers and can survive on their own in a month or less. Snowshoe hare populations fluctuate cyclically about once a decade—possibly because of disease. These waning and waxing numbers greatly impact the animals that count on hares for food, particularly the lynx.
American Lion

The **American lion** (*Panthera leo atrox or Panthera atrox*) — also known as the North American lion or American cave lion — is an extinct feline of the family Felidae, endemic to North America during the Pleistocene epoch (1.8 mya to 11,000 years ago), existing for approximately 1.79 million years. While it was once considered a subspecies of lion closely related to the Eurasian cave lion (*Panthera leo spelaea*), later study showed that it was not in fact a true lion and cannot be assigned to any modern species of cat. The American lion was one of the largest types of cat ever to have existed, slightly larger than the Early Middle Pleistocene primitive cave lion, P. Leo Fossilis and about twenty-five percent larger than the modern African lion.
Ecology

Ecology (from Greek: οἶκος, "house", or "environment"; -λογία, "study of") is a branch of biology that studies the interactions among organisms and their biophysical environment, which includes both biotic and abiotic components. Topics of interest include the biodiversity, distribution, biomass, and populations of organisms, as well as cooperation and competition within and between species. Ecosystems are dynamically interacting systems of organisms, the communities they make up, and the non-living components of their environment. Ecosystem processes, such as primary production, pedogenesis, nutrient cycling, and niche construction, regulate the flux of energy and matter through an environment. These processes are sustained by organisms with specific life history traits.
Elk

Elk are members of the Cervidae family, which includes caribou, deer and moose. Like their relatives, elk have massive antlers and long legs with cloven hooves. Elk tend to be broader than deer, but not as massive as moose. They are typically, 4 to 5 feet (1.2 to 1.5 meters) from hoof to shoulder and weigh 325 to 1,100 lbs. (147 to 499 kilograms), according to National Geographic. An elk’s antlers make it much taller. A male elk's antlers can grow up to 4 feet (1.2 m) above its head, making it around 9 feet (2.7 m) tall in all. Females do not have antlers. Elks are found all over the world. Large wild populations are mostly found in North America, in the western United States from Canada through the Eastern Rockies to New Mexico and in the northern lower peninsula of Michigan, according to the University of Michigan's Animal Diversity Web(ADW). They prefer woodlands, but they can also be found in clear cuts, open mountains, coniferous swamps, aspen-hardwood forests and coniferous-hardwood forests. They tend to stay clear of dense forests. Elk are social animals and live in groups called herds. Herds are often quite large, with 200 or more members, according to the Smithsonian. Some herds have over 400 members. The herd is often segregated by gender, with males staying in one group and females in another. Though segregated, herds are matriarchal, which means it is run by a single female.

Harems of elk are common during mating season. A dominant male will have a herd of around six females and their yearlings. The male will defend his territory around the females until mating season is over.

Elk are most active during mornings and evenings. During the summer, elk will often migrate to higher, cooler, elevations and migrate to lower elevations in the winter. Elk are herbivores, which means they only eat vegetation. Their diet changes depending on the year, eating grasses in the summer and woody growth in the winter months, according to the ADW. They prefer dandelions, violets, hawkweed, aster, clover and mushrooms as their favorite treats. Males are called bulls and females are called cows. A cow usually gives birth to one baby at a time after a six-month gestation period. Elk babies are called calves and weigh around 31 to 35 lbs. (14 to 16 kg) when they are born.

After just 20 minutes, a calf can stand on its own. After 16 days the calf will join the herd and complete weaning by 60 days of age, according to the ADW. Elk are ready to mate around 16 months of age. They tend to live around eight to 12 years, though they sometimes live to more than 20 years.
Copperhead

Copperhead snakes are some of the more commonly seen North American snakes. They're also the most likely to bite, although their venom is relatively mild, and their bites are rarely fatal for humans.

These snakes get their name, fittingly, from their copper-red heads, according to the biology department at Pennsylvania State University. Some other snakes are referred to as copperheads, which is a common (nonscientific) name. Water moccasins (cottonmouths), radiated rat snakes, Australian copperheads and sharp-nosed pit vipers are all sometimes called copperheads, but these are different species from the North American copperhead (*Agkistrodon contortrix*).

Copperheads are pit vipers, like rattlesnakes and water moccasins. Pit vipers have "heat-sensory pits between eye and nostril on each side of head," which are able to detect minute differences in temperatures so that the snakes can accurately strike the source of heat, which is often potential prey. Copperhead "behavior is very much like that of most other pit vipers," said herpetologist Jeff Beane, collections manager of amphibians and reptiles at the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences. Copperheads are medium-size snakes, averaging between 2 and 3 feet (0.6 to 0.9 meters) in length. According to the Smithsonian National Zoological Park, female copperheads are longer than males; however, males possess proportionally longer tails.

According to Beane, copperheads' bodies are distinctly patterned. Their "dorsal pattern is a series of dark, chestnut-brown or reddish-brown crossbands, each shaped like an hourglass, dumbbell or saddlebag … on a background of lighter brown, tan, salmon or pinkish," Beane said. He further described the saddlebags as "wide on sides of body, narrow in center of back — the crossbands typically have darker margins and lighter lateral centers." Meanwhile, "some crossbands may be broken, and sometimes small dark spots may be in the spaces between the crossbands."

Several other nonvenomous species of snakes have similar coloring, and so are frequently confused for copperheads. However, copperheads are the only kind of snakes with hourglass-shaped markings.

In contrast to its patterned body, the snake's coppery-brown head lacks such adornments, "except for a pair of tiny dark dots usually present on top of the head," said Beane. He described copperheads' bellies as "whitish, yellowish or a light brownish, stippled or mottled, with brown, gray or blackish, often large, paired dark spots or smudges along sides of [its] belly."

Copperheads have muscular, thick bodies and keeled (ridged) scales. Their heads are "somewhat triangular/arrow-shaped and distinct from the neck," with a "somewhat distinct ridge separating [the] top of head from side snout between eye and nostril," said Beane. Their pupils are vertical, like cats' eyes, and their irises are usually orange, tan or reddish-brown. Copperheads reside "from southern New England to West Texas and northern Mexico," said Beane, advising those interested to check out range maps in a number of field guides.
Cretoxyrhina

Also known as the 'Ginsu shark', *Cretoxyrhina* was the biggest shark of its time, considerably bigger even than its contemporary *Squalicorax*. *Cretoxyrhina* was near the top of the food chain, and it had a diet that included almost anything that was in front of it, including mosasaurs. There is also strong evidence for its predation of the bony fish *Xiphactinus*, a four to six meter long predator itself, and even the large turtles of the day were fair game for *Cretoxyrhina*.
*Cretoxyrhina* acquired the name 'Ginsu Shark' in reference to its teeth. At up to seven centimetres long, the teeth are smooth and have thick enamel, suggesting that they were for work against tough shells and bones. Like the advert for Ginsu knifes said, they could cut through anything, and *Cretoxyrhina* probably had little difficulty in removing bite sized chunks from whatever prey item it chose.
       The overall morphology for *Cretoxyrhina* is lamniform, similar to a Great White shark today. The tail also shows adaption form fast swimming, enabling *Cretoxyrhina* to give chase after faster prey.
Mr. Freeze (Batman Beyond) - LB3

## Overview

In the DC Animated Universe, Victor Fries' condition at one point caused his body to deteriorate until he was nothing but a head. The process was halted, but the damage was done to him and his psyche. He was captured and imprisoned, and then it was discovered that his condition also made him effectively immortal. He remains a head even at the time of Batman Beyond, where he runs afoul of Terry McGinnis.

## Abilities

* Projectile
* Beam
* Ice
* Transform
* Mini-Toy

## Unlocking

Mr. Freeze (Batman Beyond) is immediatly unlocked after purchasing the Batman of the future DLC.
Arctic Wolf Pack

At the very northern edge of North America is Ellesmere Island, where the unforgiving Arctic winds tear through the tundra, dipping temperatures to 40 below zero. Running through this shifting sea of snow and ice is one of the most hardened predators on the planet, the White Wolf. But as the spring melt approaches, these roaming hunters must adapt to being tethered parents as new additions to the pack have just been born. With their herds of prey continuing to move, we witness a desperate race to keep up and bring back a kill to the hungry mothers and cubs. Traveling farther and farther away from their den each day puts these hunters and their children at risk in this fight for survival.
Dall Sheep

Dall Sheep (*Ovis dalli dalli*) inhabit the mountain ranges of Alaska. These white creatures are most notable for the males’ massive curled horns. Females (known as ewes) also carry horns, but theirs are shorter and more slender, and only slightly curved. Until rams reach the age of 3 years, they tend to resemble the ewes quite a bit. After that, continued horn growth makes the males easily recognizable. Horns grow steadily during spring, summer, and early fall. In late fall or winter, horn growth slows and eventually ceases. This start-and-stop growth results in a pattern of rings called annuli which are spaced along the length of the horn, and can help determine age. Dall rams as old as 16 years have been seen, and ewes have been known to reach 19 years of age. Generally, however, a 12 year old sheep is considered quite old. Lambs are born to ewes in late May or early June. As lambing time approaches, ewes seek solitude and protection from predators in the most rugged cliffs available on their spring ranges. Lambs begin feeding on vegetation within a week after birth and are usually weaned by October. Ewes typically have their first lamb at age 3 or 4 and produce a lamb annually.

The first weeks of a lamb’s life are precarious. The bulk of the mortality is in first 30 to 45 days of life, when the lambs are most vulnerable.

Adult rams live in bands which seldom associate with ewe groups beyond the mating season in late November and early December. The horn clashing that rams are so well known for doesn’t result from fights over possession of ewes, but is a means of establishing order. These clashes occur throughout the year on an occasional basis, but occur more frequently just before the rut when rams are moving among the ewes and meet unfamiliar rams of similar horn size. Rams can sire offspring at 18 months of age, but normally do not breed regularly until they approach dominance rank (at full curl age and size).
Theodore Roosevelt National Park

Theodore Roosevelt National Park lies in western North Dakota, where the Great Plains meet the rugged Badlands. A habitat for bison, elk and prairie dogs, the sprawling park has 3 sections linked by the Little Missouri River. The park is known for the South Unit’s colorful Painted Canyon and the Maltese Cross Cabin, where President Roosevelt once lived. The Scenic Loop Drive winds past several overlooks and trails.

   Wildlife of Theodore Roosevelt National Park

Wild Mustang

American Bison

Elk

Prairie Dog
Coelophysis

In the Late Triassic Period dinosaurs were not at the top of the food chain. Instead, early large reptiles called phytosaurs and rauisuchids domintated.

Early meat-eating dinosaurs like *Coelophysis* relied on their speed and agility to catch a variety of animals like insects and small reptiles. The sharp teeth and grasping claws of *Coelophysis* would have helped them to hold and kill their food.

A fossil find of an adult skeleton with what appeared to be young *Coelophysis* bones inside its rib cage led scientists to speculate that *Coelophysis* ate each other when the opportunity arose.

Recent analysis has disproved this, however, by showing that the bones inside the ribcage are not a baby *Coelophysis* after all, but belong to a small crocodile.

*Coelophysis* means 'hollow form' and this comes from the hollow limb bones. This feature was shared by many other dinosaurs, and would have given *Coelophysis* a lightly-built body, helping it to be a swift, agile hunter.

Taxonomy:
Dinosauria, Saurischia, Theropoda, Neotheropoda, Coelophysoidea, Coelophysidae
Type species:
       bauri
Narwhal

The **narwhal** or **narwhale** (*Monodon monoceros*) is a medium-sized toothed whale that possesses a large "tusk" from a protruding canine tooth. It lives year-round in the Arctic waters around Greenland, Canada, and Russia. It is one of two living species of whale in the familyMonodontidae, along with the beluga whale. The narwhal males are distinguished by a long, straight, helical tusk, which is an elongated upper left canine. The narwhal was one of many species described by Carl Linnaeus in his publication *Systema Naturae* in 1758.

Like the beluga, narwhals are medium-sized whales. For both sexes, excluding the male's tusk, the total body size can range from 3.95 to 5.5 m (13 to 18 ft); the males are slightly larger than the females. The average weight of an adult narwhal is 800 to 1,600 kg (1,760 to 3,530 lb). At around 11 to 13 years old, the males become sexually mature; females become sexually mature at about 5 to 8 years old. Narwhals do not have a dorsal fin, and their neck vertebrae are jointed like those of most other mammals, not fused as in dolphins and most whales.

Found primarily in Canadian Arctic and Greenlandic and Russian waters, the narwhal is a uniquely specialized Arctic predator. In winter, it feeds on benthic prey, mostly flatfish, under dense pack ice. During the summer, narwhals eat mostly Arctic cod and Greenland halibut, with other fish such as polar cod making up the remainder of their diet. Each year, they migrate from bays into the ocean as summer comes. In the winter, the male narwhals occasionally dive up to 1,500 m (4,920 ft) in depth, with dives lasting up to 25 minutes. Narwhals, like most toothed whales, communicate with "clicks", "whistles", and "knocks".

Narwhals can live up to 50 years. They are often killed by suffocation after being trapped due to the formation of sea ice. Other causes of death, specifically among young whales, are starvation and predation by orcas. As previous estimates of the world narwhal population were below 50,000, narwhals are categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as "nearly threatened". More recent estimates list higher populations (upwards of 170,000), thus lowering the status to "least concern". Narwhals have been harvested for hundreds of years by Inuit people in northern Canada and Greenland for meat and ivory, and a regulated subsistence hunt continues.
Prairie Dog

Prairie dogs live in underground burrows, extensive warrens of tunnels and chambers marked by many mounds of packed earth at their surface entrances. Burrows have defined nurseries, sleeping quarters, and even toilets. They also feature listening posts near exits, so animals can safely keep tabs on the movements of predators outside. Prairie dogs spend a lot of time building and rebuilding these dwellings. Other animals benefit from their labors. Burrows may be shared by snakes, burrowing owls, and even rare black-footed ferrets, which hunt prairie dogs in their own dwellings.

Family groups (a male, a few females, and their young) inhabit burrows and cooperate to share food, chase off other prairie dogs, and groom one another. These group members even greet one another with a prairie dog kiss or nuzzle. Young pups are very playful and can often be seen romping near their burrows. Black-tailed prairie dogs, the best known of the five prairie dog species, live in larger communities called towns, which may contain many hundreds of animals. Typically they cover less than half a square mile, but some have been enormous. The largest recorded prairie dog town covered some 25,000 square miles. That Texas town was home to perhaps four hundred million prairie dogs.

Another prairie dog species, the white-tailed prairie dog, lives in the western mountains. These rodents do not gather in large towns but maintain more scattered burrows. All species hunker down in winter and burn the reserves of fat they have stored during more plentiful seasons. White-tails may hibernate for up to six months on their mountain plains, while their black-tailed cousins sometimes emerge to feed on especially warm days.

These large squirrels emerge from their burrows in daylight to forage and feed on grasses, roots, and seeds. They communicate with loud cries. A warning cry, for example, will send a town's denizens hustling to their holes at the approach of a badger, coyote, or other predator. A second, “all-clear” call alerts the community when the danger has passed.

Much of the Great Plains has been converted to farming or pastureland, and prairie dogs are not often welcome in such places. Because of their destructive landscaping, they are often killed as pests. During the 20th century, about 98 percent of all prairie dogs were exterminated, and their range subsequently shrunk to perhaps five percent of its historic spread.
Bald Eagle

### Range

most of North America, including most of Canada, all of the continental United States, and northern Mexico.

### Life Span

20 Years

The bald eagle, with its snowy-feathered (not bald) head and white tail, is the proud national bird symbol of the United States—yet the bird was nearly wiped out there. For many decades, bald eagles were hunted for sport and for the "protection" of fishing grounds. Pesticides like DDT also wreaked havoc on eagles and other birds. These chemicals collect in fish, which make up most of the eagle's diet. They weaken the bird's eggshells and severely limited their ability to reproduce. Since DDT use was heavily restricted in 1972, eagle numbers have rebounded significantly and have been aided by reintroduction programs. The result is a wildlife success story—the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has upgraded the birds from endangered to least concern.The bald eagle, with its snowy-feathered (not bald) head and white tail, is the proud national bird symbol of the United States—yet the bird was nearly wiped out there. For many decades, bald eagles were hunted for sport and for the "protection" of fishing grounds. Pesticides like DDT also wreaked havoc on eagles and other birds. These chemicals collect in fish, which make up most of the eagle's diet. They weaken the bird's eggshells and severely limited their ability to reproduce. Since DDT use was heavily restricted in 1972, eagle numbers have rebounded significantly and have been aided by reintroduction programs. The result is a wildlife success story—the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has upgraded the birds from endangered to least concern. Though their numbers have grown in much of their range, bald eagles remain most abundant in Alaska and Canada. These powerful birds of prey use their talons to fish, but they get many of their meals by scavenging carrion or stealing the kills of other animals. (Such thievery famously prompted Ben Franklin to argue against the bird's nomination as the United State's national symbol.) They live near water and favor coasts and lakes where fish are plentiful, though they will also snare and eat small mammals. Bald eagles are believed to mate for life. A pair constructs an enormous stick nest—one of the bird-world's biggest—high above the ground and tends to a pair of eggs each year. Immature eagles are dark, and until they are about five years old, they lack the distinctive white markings that make their parents so easy to identify. Young eagles roam great distances. Florida birds have been spotted in Michigan, and California eagles have traveled all the way to Alaska.

Bald Eagle FlyingBald Eagle with Bird KillBald Eagle with Chicks
Arctic Grayling

Arctic grayling begin to spawn between the ages of 5 and 7 years. In the spring, adult Arctic grayling move into tributaries and male Arctic grayling begin to establish territories before the females arrive. Adult grayling then begin to school and will eventually begin to reproduce by broadcast spawning.

In early fall, Arctic grayling will begin to slowly migrate back to overwintering areas that are normally downstream of their feeding areas. The Arctic grayling comes in a wide array of colors. Coloration can vary from stream to stream. Their dorsal fins are typically fringed in red and dotted with large iridescent red, aqua, or purple spots and markings. These colorful markings are most dramatic on large grayling. Arctic graylings’ backs are usually dark. Their sides can be black, silver, gold, or blue. A band of gold forms a border between their sides and white bellies, which are in sharp contrast to their pelvic fins striated with iridescent orange, red, or pink. The sides of the body and head can be freckled with black spots. A black slash lies on each side of the lower jaw. The iris of their eyes is often gold in color. Only their adipose, caudal (tail), pectoral, and anal fins are without much color; typically dull and gray. Arctic grayling are larger and thicker than that of its cousins (salmon, trout, and char) and they sport a unique scalloped edge.
Pronghorn Antelope

Fleet-footed pronghorns are among the speediest animals in North America. They can run at more than 53 miles an hour, leaving pursuing coyotes and bobcats in the dust. Pronghorns are also great distance runners that can travel for miles at half that speed. Pronghorns are about three feet tall at the shoulders. They are reddish brown, but feature white stomachs and wide, white stripes on their throats. When startled they raise the hair on their rumps to display a white warning patch that can be seen for miles. Both sexes sport impressive, backward-curving horns. The horns split to form forward-pointing prongs that give the species its name. Some animals have horns that are more than a foot long. Like other even-toed hoofed animals, pronghorns chew cud—their own partially digested food. The meal of choice for this speedy herbivore is generally grass, sagebrush, and other vegetation. Pronghorns mate each fall in the dry, open lands of western North America. Bucks gather harems of females and protect them jealously—sometimes battling rivals in spectacular and dangerous fights. In the spring, females give birth to one or two young, which can outrun a human after just a few days. Pronghorns are hunted throughout much of their natural range, but some subspecies are endangered.

Pronghorn RunningTwo Pronghorns by Fence
Богдан Стулин

**Богдан Стулин** — основатель и бывший глава «Всесоюзный фан-клуб канала Alex Crish». После конфликта с Алексом передал все права на управление пабликом Максиму Кривоногову и покинул сообщество и в принципе фандом вместе с Матвеем Ракитиным.

## Биография

Предположительно, родился и вырос на Украине. Период активности приходится на период с января 2014 (начинал в старой группе Максима Кривоногова "Приключения кота Баси в майнкрафте") по конец 2016 года (уже как основатель и руководитель "Всесоюзного"). Также был замечен в активности на сайте Алекса Криша под ником MinerBman.
Utahraptor

Superficially, *Utahraptor* appears to be an earlier, scaled up version of *Deinonychus*. Specimens of *Utahraptor* are fragmentary but suggest a potential size of up to seven meters long, with some more conservative estimates falling nearer six meters long. These estimates make *Utahraptor* a contender for one of the largest known dromaeosaurids, but if that were not enough there are some specimens that hint to *Utahraptor* possibly being even larger.
       Being a larger animal, *Utahraptor* also had a larger claw estimated to potentially be twenty-four centimetres long. *Utahraptor* had thick leg bones and are not what you would expect from a fast hunter. They may have instead had extra powerful muscles for driving the killing claw forwards into its prey. Bringing all of the above together, *Utahraptor* probably focused upon its attentions to larger prey items such as hadrosaurs or smaller sauropods.
       As a dromaeosaurid, *Utahraptor* probably shared the same phylogenetic features of the group, including having feathers. While no feathers have been found with *Utahraptor* remains, it would be an exception to the 'group rule' if it did not have them. One thing to consider however is that the large size of *Utahraptor* may have meant it had a degree of gigantothermy that would not have been present in its smaller group relatives. If so then it may have had a reduced or altered arrangement of feathers instead.
Wild Mustang

A **mustang** is a free-roaming horse of the Western United States, descended from horses brought to the Americas by the Spanish. Mustangs are often referred to as wild horses, but because they are descended from once-

    domesticated horses, they are actually feral horses. The original mustangs were Colonial Spanish horses, but many other breeds and types of horses contributed to the modern mustang, now resulting in varying phenotypes. Some free-roaming horses are relatively unchanged from the original Spanish stock, most strongly represented in the most isolated populations. In 1971, the United States Congress recognized that "wild free-roaming horses and burros are living symbols of the historic and pioneer spirit of the West, which continue to contribute to the diversity of life forms within the Nation and enrich the lives of the American people."The free-roaming horse population is managed and protected by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM). Controversy surrounds the sharing of land and resources by mustangs with the livestock of the ranching industry, and also with the methods by which the BLM manages their population numbers. The most common method of population management used is rounding up excess population and offering them to adoption by private individuals. There are inadequate numbers of adopters, so many once free-roaming horses now live in temporary and long-term holding areas with concerns that the animals may be sold for horse meat. Additional debate centers on the question of whether mustangs—and horses in general—are a native species or an introduced invasive species in the lands they occupy. Mustangs are known as wild horses but, unlike Przewalski's horse, possibly the only extant wild horse  the mustang descended from domesticated horses. The original mustangs were Colonial Spanish horses, but many other breeds and types of horses contributed to the modern mustang, resulting in varying phenotypes. Mustangs of all body types are described as surefooted and having good endurance. They may be of any coat color.

Wild Mustangs RunningTwo Horses NeighingHorses Crossing a Street
Ankylosaurus

It is something of a paradox that one of the most popular dinosaurs of all time is understood by some of the most incomplete fossil remains.‭ ‬What can be gleaned from the available fossil material is that *Ankylosaurus* was one of if not the largest of the group.‭ ‬The incomplete fossil evidence however has meant that determining the exact size of *Ankylosaurus* is problematic and will remain so until further,‭ ‬more complete *Ankylosaurus* remains are discovered.
       As a low browser,‭ *‬Ankylosaurus’s* mouth was shaped for cropping vegetation with an arrangement of leaf shaped shearing teeth behind.‭ ‬One thing worthy of note is that there were no grinding teeth,‭ ‬suggesting that the mouthful was swallowed for processing in a digestive system developed for un-chewed food.‭
       Analysis of available skull material suggests that *Ankylosaurus* had an exceptionally well developed sense of smell.‭ ‬This would have been a good adaption to detect potential predatory dinosaurs since as a low browser,‭ *‬Ankylosaurus* would quite easily have its vision obscured by vegetation.
*Ankylosaurus* took armour plating to the extreme,‭ ‬even the eyelids were armoured.‭ ‬Osteoderms ran across its top side and are so extensive they have often been the best preserved parts of the Animal.‭ ‬Particularly large plates covered the shoulder and neck area with smaller pieces in between to allow for movement.‭ ‬Four large horns radiated out from the base of the skull,‭ ‬perhaps to stop large predators like *Tyrannosaurus* from closing their mouths around its head.
       The tail club was composed of several overly large osteoderms fused together with the end vertebrae.‭ ‬Initially conceived as a defense against predators,‭ ‬it‭’‬s plausible that it may have been used for territorial combat with rivals.
Inca Dove

The conspicuously long-tailed, small dove is encountered in urban areas of the Southwest near the Mexican border. Monotypic. Length 8.3". A small gray dove with black fringes on the feathers of both the upper and underparts forming an obvious “scaled” appearance. In flight, shows chestnut on the upper and underside of the wing like common ground-dove; however, also shows prominent white edges on the long tail. Adult male: crown and face pale blue-gray and breast tinged lightly with pink; iris reddish; narrow eye ring blue-gray; bill blackish; and feet bright red. Adult female: similar, but duller on head and breast. Juvenile: duller with a slight brownish tinge overall, and “scaling” less noticeable. Its long tail provides a very different shape from that of the ground-dove, but beware of the Inca dove’s regrowing lost tail; it can be mistaken for a ground-dove, and the dark bill along with black on the underwing coverts could lead the unwary to identify such a bird as a ruddy ground-dove. The scaling of the upperparts is unique. Common resident across the southern U.S. from southern Nevada to western Louisiana; primarily around human habitation and in city parks. Terrestrial, feeding on the ground; fairly tame, and easily observed. Breeding: nest is a small fragile floor of twigs placed in a low bush or shrub; bears 2 white eggs; 2–3 broods each year. Migration: resident, but species expanding range northward, especially in the far west. Vagrant: casual to southern Utah, Nebraska, and Arkansas; also recorded in North Dakota and Ontario.
Eastern Box Turtle

The eastern box turtle is one of six extant subspecies of the common box turtle. It has a high-domed, rounded, hard upper shell, called a carapace. The vivid, orange and yellow markings on its dark brown shell distinguish it from other box turtles, as do the four toes on its hind feet. Its distinct coloring camouflages it among the damp earth, fallen leaves and other debris found on the floor of moderately moist forests.

The underside of its shell, called its plastron, is dark brown and hinged. All box turtles have this bilobed plastron, which allows them to almost completely shut their shell. When threatened, the box turtle pulls its body into its shell and waits for the danger to pass. Its shell is also unique in that it can regenerate. In one reported case, the carapace of a badly burned box turtle completely regenerated.

Box turtles have a hooked upper jaw, and most have a significant overbite. Their feet are slightly webbed. There are many ways to tell a male and female box turtle apart. Males are generally larger and have shorter, thicker tails than females. Males also have short, thick, curved hind claws, while females' hind claws are long, straight and thin.

Eastern box turtles walk energetically with their heads upright and may travel about 50 meters (55 yards) in one day. A homing instinct, an innate ability to navigate to a "home base" despite being in an unfamiliar area, helps this turtle find its way back home.
American Paddlefish

American paddleﬁsh are a primitive ﬁsh that have inhabited North America since the Cretaceous period 65 million years ago. The American Paddleﬁsh inhabits large, slow‐ﬂowing, freshwater rivers such as the Mississippi River and its tributaries. Paddleﬁsh are a long‐lived species. The American paddlefish is classified as endangered, threatened or as a species of concern in several states within its historical range. Paddleﬁsh were once the most important commercial species in the Mississippi River Valley. Unfortunately, U.S. paddleﬁsh population began to decline shortly after commercial harvest of paddleﬁsh peaked around 1900. Currently, only a few southern states still allow the commercial harvest of paddleﬁsh.

In recent years, U.S. paddleﬁsh resources have experienced an exponential increase in harvest pressure resulting from the collapse of the Beluga sturgeon populations in Eastern Europe. This recent pressure has resulted in the illegal poaching and harvest of paddleﬁsh because of the high prices that can be generated by the selling of their eggs.

As a result, the American paddleﬁsh was aﬀorded international protection by being listed as a species under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES).

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service eﬀorts have played a key role in the conservation, restoration and preservation of this species. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Fish and Wildlife Conservation Oﬃces and the National Fish Hatchery System participate in the monitoring and stocking of paddleﬁsh within U. S. waters. The American paddlefish is a migratory species. These fish are native to the Mississippi River Basin and have been known to move more than 2000 miles in a river system. They also have the ability to move through brackish water where freshwater and salt water mix together.
Arctic Wolf

The **Arctic wolf** (*Canis lupus arctos*), also known as the **white wolf** or **polar wolf**, is a subspecies of grey wolf native to Canada's Queen Elizabeth Islands, from Melville Island to Ellesmere Island. It is a medium-sized subspecies, distinguished from the northwestern wolf by its smaller size, its whiter colouration, its narrower braincase, and larger carnassials. Since 1930, there has been a progressive reduction in size in Arctic wolf skulls, which is likely the result of wolf-dog hybridization. In 1935, the British zoologist Reginald Pocock attributed the subspecies name *Canis lupus arctos* (Arctic wolf) to a specimen from Melville Island in the Queen Elizabeth Islands, Canada. He wrote that similar wolves could be found on Ellesmere Island. He also attributed the name *Canis lupus orion* to a Greenland wolf specimen from Cape York, northwest Greenland.[6] Both wolves are recognized as separate subspecies of *Canis lupus* in the taxonomic authority *Mammal Species of the World* (2005).

A study by Chambers *et al*. (2012) using autosomal microsatellite DNA and Mitochondrial DNA data indicate that the Arctic wolf has no unique haplotypes which suggests that its colonization of the Arctic Archipelago from the North American mainland was relatively recent, and thus not sufficient to warrant subspecies status. During a meeting assembled in 2014 by the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, one speaker, Robert K. Wayne, mentioned he disagreed with the conclusion that a subspecies had to be genetically distinct, believing that different subspecies could slowly grade into each other - suggesting that although it was impossible to determine if an individual wolf was one subspecies or the next using DNA, the population of Arctic wolves as a whole could be distinguished by the looking at the proportions of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP): i.e. Arctic wolves could be distinguished by having three wolves in the putative population with a specific SNP, whereas another subspecies could be distinguished by having 20 wolves with that SNP. Wayne furthermore stated that he believed the habitat in which the wolf happened to be found was a good enough characteristic to distinguish a subspecies.
Amebelodon

***Amebelodon*** is a genus of extinct proboscidean belonging to Amebelodontidae (the so-called shovel-tuskers), a group of proboscideans related to the modern elephants and their close relative the mammoth. The most striking attribute of this animal is its lower tusks, which are narrow, elongated, and distinctly flattened with the degree of flattening varying among the different species. Two valid species are currently placed within this genus, which was endemic to North America. Other species once assigned to *Amebelodon* are now assigned to the genus *Konobelodon*, which was once a subgenus.
Illegal Fishing

**Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing** (**IUU**) is an international issue around the world. Fishing industry observers believe IUU occurs in most fisheries, and accounts for up to 30% of total catches in some important fisheries.

**Illegal fishing** takes place when vessels or harvesters operate in violation of the laws of a fishery. This can apply to fisheries that are under the jurisdiction of a coastal state or to high seas fisheries regulated by regional fisheries management organisations (RFMO). According to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, illegal fishing has caused losses estimated at US$23 billion per year, with about 30% of illegal fishing in the world occurring in Indonesia alone.

**Unreported fishing** is fishing that has been unreported or misreported to the relevant national authority or RFMO, in contravention of applicable laws and regulations.

**Unregulated fishing** generally refers to fishing by vessels without nationality, vessels flying the flag of a country not party to the RFMO governing that fishing area or species on the high seas, or harvesting in unregulated areas.

The drivers behind illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing are similar to those behind many other types of international environmental crime: pirate fishers have a strong economic incentive – many species of fish, particularly those that have been over-exploited and are thus in short supply, are of high financial value.

Such IUU activity may then show a high chance of success – i.e. a high rate of return – from the failure of governments to regulate adequately (e.g. inadequate coverage of international agreements), or to enforce national or international laws (e.g. because of lack of capacity, or poor levels of governance). A particular driver behind IUU fishing is the failure of a number of flag states to exercise effective regulation over ships on their registers – which in turn creates an incentive for ships to register under these flags of convenience.

Since no one reports catches made by pirates, their level of fishing cannot be accurately quantified.
Pileated Woodpecker

Pileated woodpeckers are the largest of the common woodpeckers found in most of North America. These crow-sized birds present a memorable sight with their zebra-striped heads and necks, long bills, and distinctive red crests. Pileated woodpeckers forage for their favorite meal, carpenter ants, by digging large, rectangular holes in trees. These holes can be so large that they weaken smaller trees or even cause them to break in half. Other birds are often attracted to these large openings, eager to access any exposed insects. Pileated woodpeckers do not discriminate between coniferous and deciduous trees—as long as they yield the ants and beetle larvae that make up much of the birds' diet. Woodpeckers sometimes access these morsels by peeling long strips of bark from the tree, but they also forage on the ground and supplement their diet with fruits and nuts. The enthusiastic drumming that creates such holes sounds like a loud hammering, and is audible for a great distance. Woodpeckers also drum to attract mates and to announce the boundaries of their territories. Pairs establish territories and live on them all year long. The birds typically choose large, older trees for nesting and usually inhabit a tree hole. In eastern North America, pileated woodpeckers declined as their forest habitats were systematically logged in the 19th and 20th centuries. In recent decades, many forests have regenerated, and woodpecker species have enjoyed corresponding growth. The birds have proven to be adaptable to changing forest conditions.
Banded Water snake

The **banded water snake** or **southern water snake** (*Nerodia fasciata*) is a species of mostly aquatic, nonvenomous, colubrid snakes endemic to the Midwest and Southeastern United States.

*N. fasciata* is natively found from Indiana, south to Louisiana, and east to Florida.

In 1992, its congener *Nerodia sipedon* (northern or common water snake) and it were found in three sites in California by the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). In 2009, more than 300 banded water snakes were caught in suburbs of Los Angeles by the Nerodia Working Group of USFWS. Then in May 2016, the species was found in the Colorado River basin near Yuma, Arizona. Further trapping did indeed catch large numbers of them, indicating that a thriving invasive population exists in that area.

Adults of the banded water snake measure from 61.0 to 107 cm (24.0 to 42.1 in) in total length, with a record size (in the Florida subspecies) of 158.8 cm (62.5 in) in total length. In one study, the average body mass of adult banded water snakes was 464.3 g (16.38 oz).

It is typically gray, greenish-gray, or brown in color, with dark crossbanding. Many specimens are so dark in color that their patterning is barely discernible. They have flat heads, and are fairly heavy-bodied. If irritated, they release a foul-smelling musk to deter predators.

Their appearance leads them to be frequently mistaken for other snakes with which they share a habitat, including the less common, venomous cottonmouth.