Baba O'Riley

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* **Associate producer**:
* Glyn Johns
* **Executive producers**:
* + Kit Lambert
	+ Chris Stamp

"**Baba O'Riley**" is a song by the English rock band The Who. It is the opening track to the band's studio album *Who's Next*, and was issued in Europe as a single on 23 October 1971, coupled with "My Wife".

Roger Daltrey sings most of the song, with Pete Townshend singing the middle eight: "Don't cry/don't raise your eye/it's only teenage wasteland". The song's title is a combination of the names of two of Townshend's philosophical and musical influences, Meher Baba and Terry Riley.

"Baba O'Riley" was included in *Time* magazine's list of the All-Time 100 Songs, *Rolling Stone*'s list of "The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time", and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as one of the 500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll.

## Background and composition

Townshend originally wrote "Baba O'Riley" for his *Lifehouse* project, a rock opera that was to be the follow-up to the Who's 1969 opera, *Tommy*. In *Lifehouse*, the song would be sung at the beginning by a Scottish farmer named Ray, as he gathers his wife Sally and his two children to begin their exodus to London. When *Lifehouse* was scrapped, eight of the songs were salvaged and recorded for The Who's 1971 album *Who's Next*, with "Baba O'Riley" as the lead-off track.

Townshend stated in an interview that "'Baba O'Riley' is about the absolute desolation of teenagers at Woodstock, where audience members were strung out on acid and 20 people had brain damage. The irony was that some listeners took the song to be a teenage celebration: 'Teenage Wasteland, yes! We're all wasted!'"

"Baba O'Riley" title combines the names of Meher Baba and Terry Riley, two of Townshend's philosophical and musical mentors. The song is often mistakenly called "Teenage Wasteland", after the phrase repeated in the song. "Teenage Wasteland" was in fact a working title for the song in its early incarnations as part of the *Lifehouse* project, but eventually became the title for a different but related song by Townshend, which is slower and features different lyrics. A demo of "Teenage Wasteland" is featured on *Lifehouse Chronicles*, a six disc set of music related to the *Lifehouse* project, and on several Townshend compilations and videos.

The song uses a I-V-IV chord progression and is composed in the key of F major. However, it was recorded using the European "A" which is 446 HZ rather than the standard 440 HZ.

## Recording and release

"Baba O'Riley"'s backing track was derived from the *Lifehouse* concept, where Townshend wanted to input the vital signs and personality of Meher Baba into a synthesiser, which would then generate music based on that data. When this idea fell through, Townshend instead recorded a Lowrey Berkshire Deluxe TBO-1 organ using its marimba repeat feature as the backing track. This modal approach was inspired by the work of minimalist composer Terry Riley.

The song was derived from a nine-minute demo, which the band reconstructed. "Baba O'Riley" was initially 30 minutes in length, but was edited down to the "high points" of the track for *Who's Next*. The other parts of the song appeared on the third disc of Townshend's *Lifehouse Chronicles* as "Baba M1 (O'Riley 1st Movement 1971)" and "Baba M2 (2nd Movement Part 1 1971)".

"Baba O'Riley" was released in November 1971 as a single in several European countries. However, in the United Kingdom and the United States, it was only released as part of the album *Who's Next*.

## Reception and legacy

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"Baba O'Riley" appears at No. 349 on *Rolling Stone*'s list of "The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time". The song is in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as one of the 500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll. The band Pearl Jam regularly plays a cover of the song during concerts, and a readers' poll in *Rolling Stone* awarded this cover as #8 in their *Greatest Live Cover Songs*.

The Tubes performed the song on 9 September 1978 at the Knebworth Festival in tribute to Keith Moon, who had died two days earlier.

"Baba O'Riley" was used as the theme song for the popular television series *CSI: NY* (2004–13); each *CSI* series used a Who song as its theme. The song plays in the opening segment of the *Miami Vice* episode "Out Where the Buses Don't Run" (season two, 1985). One of the working titles of *That '70s Show* (1998–2006) was "Teenage Wasteland," a reference to the repeated lyric in the song. The song was also used in trailers for *A Bug's Life* (1998), *American Beauty* (1999), *Resident Evil: Retribution* (2012), and *The Peanuts Movie* (2015).
The song has also been used in episode 14 of season one in the TV series *House* and in episode 10 of season one in the TV series *The Newsroom*. A remixed version of this song, re-done by Alan Wilkis, appears in the 2012 remake of *Need for Speed: Most Wanted*, as well as episode 11 of season one of *Superstore*.

Since 2003, "Baba O'Riley" is played during player introductions for the Los Angeles Lakers during home games at the Staples Center. The song is played prior to live UFC events during a highlight package showing some of the most famous fights in the mixed martial arts company's history. It is also the official theme song of competitive eater Joey Chestnut.

At both the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2012 London Olympics, the track "The Road Goes On Forever" by High Contrast is used during a countdown to the start of the proceedings, this song samples Baba O'Riley with a higher tempo as a 120bpm dance track. Baba O'Riley was then performed by the Who as their first number during the last musical segment at the closing ceremony, with Daltrey singing a changed lyric of "Don't cry/Just raise your eye/There's more than teenage wasteland". The song was also sampled in the song "Best Song Ever" by One Direction.

## Personnel

* Roger Daltrey – lead vocals, harmonica (live versions only)
* Pete Townshend – lead vocals (middle eight), Lowrey TBO-1 organ, piano, guitar
* John Entwistle – bass guitar
* Keith Moon – drums
* Dave Arbus – violin (studio recording)

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Baba O'Riley". ung Medien / hitparade.ch. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
2. ↑ *Who's Next 1995 Remastered Liner Notes Page 17*
3. ↑ John Atkins (1 February 2000). *The Who on Record: A Critical History, 1963-1998*. McFarland. p. 158. ISBN 978-0-7864-4097-9.
4. ↑ *Guitar World* Vol. 30 No. 9 pg. 76
5. ↑ *The Who: The Ultimate Collection*. The Who. MCA Records. 2002. Unknown parameter `|titlelink=` ignored (`|title-link=` suggested) (help)CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
6. ↑ *Lifehouse Chronicles* box set
7. ↑ "Baba O'Riley Guitar Lesson – The Who". TheGuitarLesson.com. Retrieved 26 November 2014.
8. ↑ "Pete's Equipment, Lowrey Berkshire Deluxe TBO-1".
9. ↑ *Who's Next* 1995 Remastered Liner Notes Page 17
10. ↑ "The Hypertext Who " Article Archive — The Who Puts the Bomp (1971)". Thewho.net. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
11. ↑ "The RS 500 Greatest Songs of All Time". *Rolling Stone*. 9 December 2006. Archived from the original on 15 August 2006. Retrieved 14 August 2009.
12. ↑ "500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll". Archived from the original on 7 July 2008. Retrieved 9 July 2008.
13. ↑ "Readers' Poll: The Greatest Live Cover Songs". *Rolling Stone*. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
14. ↑ "Baba O'Riley / The Kids Are Alright - The Tubes with Todd Rundgren". *YouTube*. 9 September 1978. Retrieved 16 November 2016.
15. ↑ Duboff, Josh (7 February 2010). "The Who Performs CSI Medley". *New York The song was also used in the Fourth Season of One Tree Hill the song plays in the thirteenth episode "Pictures of You"*. Retrieved 1 September 2013. Italic or bold markup not allowed in: `|work=` (help)
16. ↑ \*Moore, Allen F. (2003). *Analyzing Popular Music*. Cambridge University Press. p. 67. ISBN 052177120X.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
17. ↑ "DVD Verdict Review - That '70s Show: Season One". Retrieved 18 September 2012.
18. ↑ "The Peanuts Movie Trailer: An Underdog and His Dog". *Slashfilm.com*. 16 June 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
19. ↑ McMenamin, Dave (4 October 2010). "London Called, But Lakers Don't Figure to Be Back Any Time Soon". ESPN. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
20. ↑ "Q&A with local MMA announcer Ray Flores". *Post-Tribune*. 23 August 2011. Retrieved 9 March 2012.
21. ↑ Heilpern, John (July 2011). "The Fastest Mouth on Earth". *Vanity Fair*. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
22. ↑ "High Contrast's Olympic Story: Part 3 - Highly Contrasting". *highlycontrasting.com*.
23. ↑ "Did Roger Daltrey Forget the Lyrics to "Baba O'Riley"?". *CBS News*. 13 August 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
24. ↑ "Lowrey Berkshire Deluxe TBO-1 | Pete Townshend's Guitar Gear | Whotabs". *Thewho.net*. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
25. ↑ "Who's Next - The Who | Credits". AllMusic. 14 August 1971. Retrieved 3 October 2016.

## External links

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