New Flyer Industries D40i

The **New Flyer Industries D40i**, dubbed the **Invero**, was a low floor transit bus. Introduced in 1999 with the intention of eventually phasing out New Flyer's traditional low floor bus, the first production units were sold in 2002 to St. Catharines Transit and were numbered 90-95. However sales of the Invero never truly gained momentum, with only OC Transpo operating a substantial fleet of the buses. The D40i was taken off the market in early 2007.

The Invero was introduced with a number of innovations, some of which would become common in the industry. Instead of a traditional plywood subfloor that was secured by screws, the Invero used phenolic coated balsa wood that was secured with adhesive. The HVAC was mounted at the front of the bus to improve circulation and weight distribution. The Invero was also one of the earlier buses to use a multiplexed electrical system.

Passengers benefited from a larger glazed surface and lighting that was diffused in a manner to reduce glare on the windows and windshield. The interior layout allowed for a gain of five seats over New Flyer's traditional low floor. The driver's area featured improved ergonomics and simplified control layout. The 18 inch steering wheel had improved grips, and the foot pedals could be adjusted. The area was also designed to stay at a comfortable temperature at all times with direct air conditioning current and heating around the feet.

The Invero platform was never formally built in other lengths or with other drivetrains. Although Stewart & Stevenson integrated the GM-Allison parallel hybrid system into new Invero buses for the Roaring Fork Transportation Authority.

In 2006, a hydrogen fuel cell hybrid powered Invero was presented by Hydrogenics and the Province of Manitoba. Working with New Flyer, Hydrogenics converted a former demonstrator bus—fitting it with three HyPM 65 fuel cell modules. ISE Corporation supplied the hybrid system, which included 170 kW wheel-mounted electric motors from Siemens. Ultra-capacitors from Maxwell Technologies were used to store electricity.

## Interior Views

Ottawa-Carleton Regional Transit Commission D40i interior-a.jpgInterior looking towards the backOttawa-Carleton Regional Transit Commission 4414 panel.jpgDriver's control panelOC Transpo 4285 drivers panel-a.jpgPush buttons for the doors on the driver's control panel on a OC Transpo busOttawa-Carleton Regional Transit Commission 4414 dash.jpgDriver's dash
## Operators

### Canada

* Burlington Transit - Burlington, ON
* London Transit Commission - London, ON
* OC Transpo - Ottawa, ON
* St. Catharines Transit - St. Catharines, ON
* Transit Cape Breton - Sydney, NS (second-hand from London Transit Commission)
* Transit Windsor - Windsor, ON (second-hand from London Transit Commission)
* Welland Transit - Welland, ON (second-hand from London Transit Commission)
* Winnipeg Transit - Winnipeg, MB

### United States

* Community Transit - Snohomish County, WA
* Southwest Transit - Chanhassen, Chaska, Eden Prarie, MN
* Roaring Fork Transportation Authority (RFTA) - Roaring Fork Valley, CO

## Demonstrator and engineering units

Below is a list of known demonstrator and engineering buses. The first three Invero demonstrators were originally assigned serials 20555-20557, but later re-assigned XP000001-XP000003. In 2001, another Invero prototype was built under serial 22614.

## References

1. ↑ Hybrid Fuel Cell Bus Demonstration

New Flyer Invero Specs

Personal notes & sightings
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