April 19

For the town in Uruguay, see 19 de Abril. For the Indian film, see April 19 (film).

DateTemplate:SHORTDESC:Date**April 19** is the 109th day of the year (110th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. 256 days remain until the end of the year.

## Events

* AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested.
* 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persians at Raqqa (northern Syria).
* 797 – Empress Irene organizes a conspiracy against her son, the Byzantine emperor Constantine VI. He is deposed and blinded. Shortly after, Constantine dies of his wounds; Irene proclaims herself *basileus*.
* 1506 – The Lisbon Massacre begins, in which accused Jews are being slaughtered by Portuguese Catholics.
* 1529 – Beginning of the Protestant Reformation: After the Second Diet of Speyer bans Lutheranism, a group of rulers (*German:* Fürst) and independent cities protests the reinstatement of the Edict of Worms.
* 1539 – The Treaty of Frankfurt between Protestants and the Holy Roman Emperor is signed.
* 1608 – In Ireland: O'Doherty's Rebellion is launched by the Burning of Derry.
* 1677 – The French army captures the town of Cambrai held by Spanish troops.
* 1713 – With no living male heirs, Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, issues the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 to ensure that Habsburg lands and the Austrian throne would be inheritable by a female; his daughter and successor, Maria Theresa was not born until 1717.
* 1770 – Captain James Cook, still holding the rank of lieutenant, sights the eastern coast of what is now Australia.
* 1770 – Marie Antoinette marries Louis XVI of France in a proxy wedding.
* 1775 – American Revolutionary War: The war begins with an American victory in Concord during the battles of Lexington and Concord.
* 1782 – John Adams secures the Dutch Republic's recognition of the United States as an independent government. The house which he had purchased in The Hague, Netherlands becomes the first American embassy.
* 1809 – An Austrian corps is defeated by the forces of the Duchy of Warsaw in the Battle of Raszyn, part of the struggles of the Fifth Coalition. On the same day the Austrian main army is defeated by a First French Empire Corps led by Louis-Nicolas Davout at the Battle of Teugen-Hausen in Bavaria, part of a four-day campaign that ended in a French victory.
* 1810 – Venezuela achieves home rule: Vicente Emparán, Governor of the Captaincy General is removed by the people of Caracas and a junta is installed.
* 1818 – French physicist Augustin Fresnel signs his preliminary "Note on the Theory of Diffraction" (deposited on the following day). The document ends with what we now call the Fresnel integrals.
* 1839 – The Treaty of London establishes Belgium as a kingdom and guarantees its neutrality.
* 1861 – American Civil War: Baltimore riot of 1861: A pro-Secession mob in Baltimore attacks United States Army troops marching through the city.
* 1903 – The Kishinev pogrom in Kishinev (Bessarabia) begins, forcing tens of thousands of Jews to later seek refuge in Palestine and the Western world.
* 1927 – Mae West is sentenced to ten days in jail for obscenity for her play *Sex*.
* 1942 – World War II: In Poland, the Majdan-Tatarski ghetto is established, situated between the Lublin Ghetto and a Majdanek subcamp.
* 1943 – World War II: In Poland, the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising begins, after German troops enter the Warsaw Ghetto to round up the remaining Jews.
* 1943 – Albert Hofmann deliberately doses himself with LSD for the first time, three days after having discovered its effects on April 16.
* 1956 – Actress Grace Kelly marries Prince Rainier of Monaco.
* 1960 – Students in South Korea hold a nationwide pro-democracy protest against president Syngman Rhee, eventually forcing him to resign.
* 1971 – Sierra Leone becomes a republic, and Siaka Stevens the president.
* 1971 – Launch of Salyut 1, the first space station.
* 1971 – Charles Manson is sentenced to death (later commuted to life imprisonment) for conspiracy in the Tate–LaBianca murders.
* 1973 – The Portuguese Socialist Party is founded in the German town of Bad Münstereifel.
* 1975 – India's first satellite Aryabhata launched in orbit from Kapustin Yar, Russia.
* 1984 – *Advance Australia Fair* is proclaimed as Australia's national anthem, and green and gold as the national colours.
* 1985 – Two hundred ATF and FBI agents lay siege to the compound of the white supremacist survivalist group The Covenant, The Sword, and the Arm of the Lord in Arkansas; the CSA surrenders two days later.
* 1987 – The Simpsons first appear as a series of shorts on *The Tracey Ullman Show*, first starting with Good Night.
* 1989 – A gun turret explodes on the USS *Iowa*, killing 47 sailors.
* 1993 – The 51-day FBI siege of the Branch Davidian building in Waco, Texas, USA, ends when a fire breaks out. 76 Davidians, including eighteen children under the age of ten, died in the fire.
* 1995 – Oklahoma City bombing: The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, USA, is bombed, killing 168 people including 19 children under the age of six.
* 1999 – The German Bundestag returns to Berlin.
* 2000 – Air Philippines Flight 541 crashes in Samal, Davao del Norte, killing all 131 people on board.
* 2005 – Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger is elected to the papacy and becomes Pope Benedict XVI.
* 2011 – Fidel Castro resigns as First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba after holding the title since July 1961.
* 2013 – Boston Marathon bombing suspect Tamerlan Tsarnaev is killed in a shootout with police. His brother Dzhokhar is later captured hiding in a boat inside a backyard in the suburb of Watertown.
* 2020 – A killing spree in Nova Scotia, Canada, leaves 22 people and the perpetrator dead, making it the deadliest rampage in the country's history.

## Births

* 1452 – Frederick IV, King of Naples (d. 1504)
* 1593 – Sir John Hobart, 2nd Baronet, English politician (d. 1647)
* 1603 – Michel Le Tellier, French politician, French Minister of Defence (d. 1685)
* 1613 – Christoph Bach, German musician (d. 1661)
* 1633 – Willem Drost, Dutch painter (d. 1659)
* 1655 – George St Lo(e), Royal Navy officer and administrator (d. 1718)
* 1658 – Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine, German husband of Archduchess Maria Anna Josepha of Austria (d. 1716)
* 1665 – Jacques Lelong, French author (d. 1721)
* 1686 – Vasily Tatishchev, Russian ethnographer and politician (d. 1750)
* 1715 – James Nares, English organist and composer (d. 1783)
* 1721 – Roger Sherman, American lawyer and politician (d. 1793)
* 1734 – Karl von Ordóñez, Austrian violinist and composer (d. 1786)
* 1757 – Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth, English admiral and politician (d. 1833)
* 1758 – William Carnegie, 7th Earl of Northesk, Scottish admiral (d. 1831)
* 1785 – Alexandre Pierre François Boëly, French pianist and composer (d. 1858)
* 1787 – Deaf Smith, American soldier (d. 1837)
* 1793 – Ferdinand I of Austria (d. 1875)
* 1806 – Sarah Bagley, American labor organizer (d. 1889)
* 1814 – Louis Amédée Achard, French journalist and author (d. 1875)
* 1832 – José Echegaray, Spanish poet and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1916)
* 1835 – Julius Krohn, Finnish poet and journalist (d. 1888)
* 1863 – Hemmo Kallio, Finnish actor (d. 1940)
* 1872 – Alice Salomon, German social reformer (d. 1948)
* 1873 – Sydney Barnes, English cricketer (d. 1967)
* 1874 – Ernst Rüdin, Swiss psychiatrist, geneticist, and eugenicist (d. 1952)
* 1877 – Ole Evinrude, Norwegian-American engineer, invented the outboard motor (d. 1934)
* 1879 – Arthur Robertson, Scottish runner (d. 1957)
* 1882 – Getúlio Vargas, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 14th President of Brazil (d. 1954)
* 1883 – Henry Jameson, American soccer player (d. 1938)
* 1883 – Richard von Mises, Austrian-American mathematician and physicist (d. 1953)
* 1885 – Karl Tarvas, Estonian architect (d. 1975)
* 1889 – Otto Georg Thierack, German jurist and politician (d. 1946)
* 1891 – Françoise Rosay, French actress (d. 1974)
* 1892 – Germaine Tailleferre, French composer and educator (d. 1983)
* 1894 – Elizabeth Dilling, American author and activist (d. 1966)
* 1897 – Peter de Noronha, Indian businessman and philanthropist (d. 1970)
* 1897 – Jiroemon Kimura, Japanese super-centenarian, oldest verified man ever (d. 2013)
* 1898 – Constance Talmadge, American actress and producer (d. 1973)
* 1899 – George O'Brien, American actor (d. 1985)
* 1899 – Cemal Tollu, Turkish lieutenant and painter (d. 1968)
* 1900 – Iracema de Alencar, Brazilian film actress (d. 1978)
* 1900 – Richard Hughes, English author, poet, and playwright (d. 1976)
* 1900 – Roland Michener, Canadian lawyer and politician, 20th Governor General of Canada (d. 1991)
* 1900 – Rhea Silberta, Yiddish songwriter and singing teacher (d. 1959)
* 1902 – Veniamin Kaverin, Russian author and screenwriter (d. 1989)
* 1903 – Eliot Ness, American law enforcement agent (d. 1957)
* 1907 – Alan Wheatley, English actor (d. 1991)
* 1908 – Irena Eichlerówna, Polish actress (d. 1990)
* 1912 – Glenn T. Seaborg, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
* 1913 – Ken Carpenter, American discus thrower and coach (d. 1984)
* 1917 – Sven Hassel, Danish-German soldier and author (d. 2012)
* 1919 – Sol Kaplan, American pianist and composer (d. 1990)
* 1920 – Gene Leis, American guitarist, composer, and producer (d. 1993)
* 1920 – Marvin Mandel, American lawyer and politician, 56th Governor of Maryland (d. 2015)
* 1920 – John O'Neil, American baseball player and manager (d. 2012)
* 1920 – Julien Ries, Belgian cardinal (d. 2013)
* 1920 – Marian Winters, American actress (d. 1978)
* 1921 – Anna Lee Aldred, American jockey (d. 2006)
* 1921 – Leon Henkin, American logician (d. 2006)
* 1921 – Roberto Tucci, Italian Jesuit leader, cardinal, and theologian (d. 2015)
* 1922 – Erich Hartmann, German colonel and pilot (d. 1993)
* 1922 – David Smith, politician in Rhodesia and Zimbabwe (d. 1996)
* 1925 – John Kraaijkamp, Sr., Dutch actor (d. 2011)
* 1925 – Hugh O'Brian, American actor (d. 2016)
* 1926 – Rawya Ateya, Egyptian captain and politician (d. 1997)
* 1928 – John Horlock, English engineer and academic (d. 2015)
* 1928 – Azlan Shah of Perak, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (d. 2014)
* 1931 – Walter Stewart, Canadian journalist and author (d. 2004)
* 1932 – Fernando Botero, Colombian painter and sculptor
* 1933 – Dickie Bird, English cricketer and umpire
* 1933 – Jayne Mansfield, American model and actress (d. 1967)
* 1933 – Philip Lavallin Wroughton, English captain and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Berkshire
* 1934 – Dickie Goodman, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 1989)
* 1935 – Dudley Moore, English actor, comedian, and pianist (d. 2002)
* 1935 – Justin Francis Rigali, American cardinal
* 1936 – Wilfried Martens, Belgian politician, 60th Prime Minister of Belgium (d. 2013)
* 1936 – Jack Pardee, American football player and coach (d. 2013)
* 1937 – Antonio Carluccio, Italian-English chef and author (d. 2017)
* 1937 – Elinor Donahue, American actress
* 1937 – Joseph Estrada, Filipino politician, 13th President of the Philippines
* 1938 – Stanley Fish, American theorist, author, and scholar
* 1939 – E. Clay Shaw, Jr., American accountant, judge, and politician (d. 2013)
* 1941 – Roberto Carlos, Brazilian singer-songwriter
* 1941 – Clark Dimond, American musician and author
* 1941 – Michel Roux, French-English chef and author (d. 2020)
* 1941 – Bobby Russell, American singer-songwriter (d. 1992)
* 1942 – Bas Jan Ader, Dutch-American photographer and director (d. 1975)
* 1942 – Alan Price, English keyboard player, singer, and composer
* 1942 – Jack Roush, American businessman, founded Roush Fenway Racing
* 1942 – Maarten van den Bergh, American-Dutch businessman
* 1943 – Margo MacDonald, Scottish journalist and politician (d. 2014)
* 1943 – Lorenzo Sanz, Spanish businessman
* 1944 – Keith Erickson, American basketball player and sportscaster
* 1944 – James Heckman, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
* 1944 – Bernie Worrell, American keyboard player and songwriter (d. 2016)
* 1946 – Duygu Asena, Turkish journalist, author, and activist (d. 2006)
* 1946 – Tim Curry, English actor
* 1947 – Murray Perahia, American pianist and conductor
* 1947 – Wilfrid Stevenson, Baron Stevenson of Balmacara, English civil servant
* 1947 – Yan Pascal Tortelier, French violinist and conductor
* 1947 – Mark Volman, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1948 – Stuart McLean, Canadian radio host and author (d. 2017)
* 1948 – Rick Miller, American baseball player and manager
* 1949 – Paloma Picasso, French-Spanish fashion designer
* 1949 – Larry Walters, American truck driver and pilot (d. 1993)
* 1950 – Julia Cleverdon, English businesswoman and philanthropist
* 1951 – Barry Brown, American actor and playwright (d. 1978)
* 1951 – Jóannes Eidesgaard, Faroese educator and politician, Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands
* 1952 – Alexis Argüello, Nicaraguan boxer and politician (d. 2009)
* 1952 – Tony Plana, Cuban-American actor and director
* 1952 – Michael Trend, English journalist and politician
* 1953 – Rod Morgenstein, American drummer
* 1953 – Sara Simeoni, Italian high jumper
* 1953 – Ruby Wax, British-based American comedian, actress, and screenwriter
* 1954 – Trevor Francis, English footballer and manager
* 1954 – Bob Rock, Canadian guitarist, songwriter, and producer
* 1956 – Sue Barker, English tennis player and journalist
* 1956 – Randy Carlyle, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
* 1956 – Anne Glover, Scottish biologist and academic
* 1957 – Tony Martin, English singer-songwriter
* 1957 – Mukesh Ambani, Indian businessman, chairman of Reliance Industries and currently the richest man in Asia
* 1958 – Steve Antin, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
* 1958 – Stevie B, American singer-songwriter and record producer
* 1958 – Denis O'Brien, Irish businessman, founded BT Ireland
* 1958 – Vytautas Šapranauskas, Lithuanian actor (d. 2013)
* 1958 – Keith Shine, British academic and educator
* 1959 – Jane Campbell, Baroness Campbell of Surbiton, English activist
* 1959 – Teofisto Guingona III, Filipino lawyer and politician
* 1959 – Donald Markwell, Australian sociologist and academic
* 1960 – Nicoletta Braschi, Italian actress and producer
* 1960 – Ara Gevorgyan, Armenian pianist, composer, and producer
* 1960 – Roger Merrett, Australian footballer and coach
* 1960 – John Schweitz, American basketball player and coach
* 1960 – Frank Viola, American baseball player and coach
* 1961 – Alan Kirschenbaum, American producer and writer (d. 2012)
* 1961 – Albert Martinez, Filipino actor, director, and producer
* 1961 – Spike Owen, American baseball player and coach
* 1962 – Al Unser Jr., American race car driver
* 1964 – Gordon Marshall, Scottish footballer and coach
* 1964 – Kim Weaver, American astrophysicist, astronomer, and academic
* 1965 – Natalie Dessay, French soprano and actress
* 1965 – Suge Knight, American record producer, co-founded Death Row Records
* 1966 – Véronique Gens, French soprano and actress
* 1966 – David La Haye, Canadian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
* 1966 – Paul Reiffel, Australian cricketer and umpire
* 1966 – El Samurai, Japanese wrestler
* 1967 – Philippe Saint-André, French rugby player and coach
* 1968 – Ashley Judd, American actress and activist
* 1968 – Arshad Warsi, Indian film actor and producer
* 1969 – Andrew Carnie, Canadian-American linguist, author, and academic
* 1969 – Susan Polgar, Hungarian-American chess player
* 1970 – Luis Miguel, Mexican singer-songwriter and producer
* 1970 – Kelly Holmes, English runner
* 1970 – Abelardo Fernández, Spanish footballer and manager
* 1971 – Brendon Burns, Australian comedian, podcaster, writer and author
* 1971 – Scott McCord, Canadian voice actor
* 1972 – Rivaldo, Brazilian footballer
* 1972 – Jeff Wilkins, American football player
* 1973 – George Gregan, Zambian-Australian rugby player and coach
* 1973 – Alessio Scarpi, Italian footballer
* 1975 – Jason Gillespie, Australian cricketer and coach
* 1975 – Jussi Jääskeläinen, Finnish footballer
* 1976 – Ruud Jolie, Dutch guitarist
* 1976 – Scott Padgett, American basketball player, coach, and radio host
* 1976 – Kim Young-oh, South Korean author and illustrator
* 1977 – Joe Beimel, American baseball player
* 1977 – Anju Bobby George, Indian long jumper
* 1977 – Lucien Mettomo, Cameroonian footballer
* 1977 – Dennys Reyes, Mexican baseball player
* 1977 – Jonny Storm, English wrestler and trainer
* 1978 – James Franco, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
* 1978 – Gabriel Heinze, Argentinian footballer
* 1978 – Amanda Sage, American-Austrian painter and educator
* 1979 – Rocky Bernard, American football player
* 1979 – Kate Hudson, American actress
* 1979 – Zhao Junzhe, Chinese footballer
* 1980 – Jason Blaine, Canadian singer-songwriter
* 1980 – Robyn Regehr, Brazilian-Canadian ice hockey player
* 1981 – Hayden Christensen, Canadian actor and producer
* 1981 – Ryuta Hara, Japanese footballer
* 1981 – Martin Havlát, Czech ice hockey player
* 1981 – James Hibberd, English cricketer
* 1981 – Troy Polamalu, American football player
* 1981 – Catalina Sandino Moreno, Colombian actress
* 1982 – Joseph Hagerty, American gymnast
* 1982 – Filip Jícha, Czech handball player
* 1982 – Samuel C. Morrison, Jr., Liberian-American journalist, producer, and screenwriter
* 1982 – Rocco Sabato, Italian footballer
* 1982 – Ignacio Serricchio, Argentinian-American actor
* 1982 – Sitiveni Sivivatu, New Zealand rugby player
* 1983 – Alberto Callaspo, Venezuelan-American baseball player
* 1983 – Zach Duke, American baseball player
* 1983 – Joe Mauer, American baseball player
* 1983 – Patrick Platins, German footballer
* 1983 – Curtis Thigpen, American baseball player
* 1984 – Christopher Pearce, English cricketer
* 1985 – Valon Behrami, Swiss footballer
* 1985 – David Cavazos, Mexican singer-songwriter
* 1985 – Sabrina Jalees, Canadian comedian, dancer, actress, presenter, and writer
* 1985 – Jan Zimmermann, German footballer
* 1986 – Pascal Angan, Beninese footballer
* 1986 – Candace Parker, American basketball player
* 1986 – Gabe Pruitt, American basketball player
* 1986 – Will Thursfield, English-Australian footballer
* 1987 – Luigi Giorgi, Italian footballer
* 1987 – Joe Hart, English footballer
* 1987 – Daniel Schuhmacher, German singer-songwriter
* 1987 – Maria Sharapova, Russian tennis player
* 1987 – Lauren Wilson, Canadian figure skater
* 1988 – Enrique Esqueda, Mexican footballer
* 1989 – Dominik Mader, German footballer
* 1989 – Daisuke Watabe, Japanese footballer
* 1989 – Genoveva Añonma, Equatoguinean footballer
* 1990 – Jackie Bradley, Jr., American baseball player
* 1990 – Kim Chiu, Filipino actress, singer, and dancer
* 1990 – Héctor Herrera, Mexican footballer
* 1990 – Ayaka Takahashi, Japanese badminton player
* 1991 – Steve Cook, English footballer

## Deaths

* 843 – Judith of Bavaria, Frankish empress
* 1012 – Ælfheah of Canterbury, English archbishop and saint (b. 954)
* 1013 – Hisham II, Umayyad caliph of Córdoba (b. 966)
* 1044 – Gothelo I, duke of Lorraine
* 1054 – Leo IX, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1002)
* 1321 – Gerasimus I, patriarch of Constantinople
* 1390 – Robert II, king of Scotland (b. 1316)
* 1405 – Thomas West, 1st Baron West, English nobleman (b. 1335)
* 1431 – Adolph III, count of Waldeck (b. 1362)
* 1560 – Philip Melanchthon, German theologian and reformer (b. 1497)
* 1567 – Michael Stifel, German monk and mathematician (b. 1487)
* 1578 – Uesugi Kenshin, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1530)
* 1588 – Paolo Veronese, Italian painter (b. 1528)
* 1608 – Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset, English poet, playwright, and politician, Lord High Treasurer (b. 1536)
* 1618 – Thomas Bastard, English priest and author (b. 1566)
* 1619 – Jagat Gosain, Mughal empress (b. 1573)
* 1629 – Sigismondo d'India, Italian composer (b. 1582)
* 1632 – Sigismund III Vasa, king of Sweden and Poland (b. 1566)
* 1686 – Antonio de Solís y Ribadeneyra, Spanish historian and playwright (b. 1610)
* 1689 – Christina, queen of Sweden (b. 1626)
* 1733 – Elizabeth Hamilton, countess of Orkney (b. 1657)
* 1739 – Nicholas Saunderson, English mathematician and academic (b. 1682)
* 1768 – Canaletto, Italian painter and etcher (b. 1697)
* 1776 – Jacob Emden, German rabbi and author (b. 1697)
* 1791 – Richard Price, Welsh-English preacher and philosopher (b. 1723)
* 1813 – Benjamin Rush, American physician and educator (b. 1745)
* 1824 – Lord Byron, English-Scottish poet and playwright (b. 1788)
* 1831 – Johann Gottlieb Friedrich von Bohnenberger, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1765)
* 1833 – James Gambier, 1st Baron Gambier, Bahamian-English admiral and politician, 36th Commodore Governor of Newfoundland (b. 1756)
* 1840 – Jean-Jacques Lartigue, Canadian bishop (b. 1777)
* 1854 – Robert Jameson, Scottish mineralogist and academic (b. 1774)
* 1881 – Benjamin Disraeli, English journalist and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1804)
* 1882 – Charles Darwin, English biologist and theorist (b. 1809)
* 1893 – Martin Körber, Estonian-German pastor, composer, and conductor (b. 1817)
* 1901 – Alfred Horatio Belo, American publisher, founded *The Dallas Morning News* (b. 1839)
* 1903 – Oliver Mowat, Canadian politician, third Premier of Ontario, eighth Lieutenant Governor of Ontario (b. 1820)
* 1906 – Pierre Curie, French physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)
* 1906 – Spencer Gore, English tennis player and cricketer (b. 1850)
* 1909 – Signe Rink, Greenland-born Danish writer and ethnologist (b. 1836)
* 1914 – Charles Sanders Peirce, American mathematician and philosopher (b. 1839)
* 1915 – Thomas Playford II, English-Australian politician, 17th Premier of South Australia (b. 1837)
* 1916 – Ephraim Shay, American engineer, designed the Shay locomotive (b. 1839)
* 1926 – Alexander Alexandrovich Chuprov, Russian-Swiss statistician and theorist (b. 1874)
* 1930 – Georges-Casimir Dessaulles, Canadian businessman and politician (b. 1827)
* 1937 – Martin Conway, 1st Baron Conway of Allington, English cartographer and politician (b. 1856)
* 1937 – William Morton Wheeler, American entomologist and zoologist (b. 1865)
* 1941 – Johanna Müller-Hermann, Austrian composer (b. 1878)
* 1949 – Ulrich Salchow, Danish-Swedish figure skater (b. 1877)
* 1950 – Ernst Robert Curtius, French-German philologist and scholar (b. 1886)
* 1955 – Jim Corbett, British-Indian colonel, hunter, and author (b. 1875)
* 1960 – Beardsley Ruml, American economist and statistician (b. 1894)
* 1961 – Max Hainle, German swimmer (b. 1882)
* 1967 – Konrad Adenauer, German politician, 1st Chancellor of Germany (b. 1876)
* 1971 – Luigi Piotti, Italian race car driver (b. 1913)
* 1975 – Percy Lavon Julian, American chemist and academic (b. 1899)
* 1987 – Hugh Brannum, American vocalist, arranger, and composer (b. 1910)
* 1989 – Daphne du Maurier, English novelist and playwright (b. 1907)
* 1991 – Stanley Hawes, English-Australian director and producer (b. 1905)
* 1992 – Frankie Howerd, English actor and screenwriter (b. 1917)
* 1993 – David Koresh, American religious leader (b. 1959)
* 1993 – George S. Mickelson, American captain, lawyer, and politician, 28th Governor of South Dakota (b. 1941)
* 1998 – Octavio Paz, Mexican poet, philosopher, and academic Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1914)
* 1999 – Hermine Braunsteiner, Austrian-German SS officer (b. 1919)
* 2000 – Louis Applebaum, Canadian composer and conductor (b. 1918)
* 2001 – Meldrim Thomson, Jr.. American publisher and politician, 73rd Governor of New Hampshire (b. 1912)
* 2002 – Reginald Rose, American writer (b. 1920)
* 2003 – Mirza Tahir Ahmad, Indian-English caliph (b. 1928)
* 2004 – Norris McWhirter, English author and activist co-founded the Guinness World Records (b. 1925)
* 2004 – John Maynard Smith, English biologist and geneticist (b. 1920)
* 2004 – Jenny Pike, Canadian WWII servicewoman and photographer (b. 1922)
* 2005 – George P. Cosmatos, Italian-Greek director and screenwriter (b. 1941)
* 2005 – Ruth Hussey, American actress (b. 1911)
* 2005 – Clement Meadmore, Australian-American sculptor and author (b. 1929)
* 2005 – Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen, Danish bassist and composer (b. 1946)
* 2006 – Albert Scott Crossfield, American engineer, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1921)
* 2007 – Jean-Pierre Cassel, French actor (b. 1932)
* 2008 – John Marzano, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1963)
* 2008 – Alfonso López Trujillo, Colombian cardinal (b. 1935)
* 2009 – J. G. Ballard, English novelist, short story writer, and essayist (b. 1930)
* 2011 – Elisabeth Sladen, English actress (b. 1946)
* 2012 – Leopold David de Rothschild, English financier and philanthropist (b. 1927)
* 2012 – Greg Ham, Australian saxophonist, songwriter, and actor (b. 1953)
* 2012 – Levon Helm, American singer-songwriter, drummer, guitarist, instrumentalist, and actor (b. 1940)
* 2012 – Valeri Vasiliev, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1949)
* 2013 – Sivanthi Adithan, Indian businessman (b. 1936)
* 2013 – Allan Arbus, American actor and photographer (b. 1918)
* 2013 – Mike Denness, Scottish-English cricketer and referee (b. 1940)
* 2013 – François Jacob, French biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1920)
* 2013 – E. L. Konigsburg, American author and illustrator (b. 1930)
* 2013 – Al Neuharth, American journalist, author, and publisher, founded *USA Today* (b. 1924)
* 2014 – Lindy Berry, American football player (b. 1927)
* 2014 – Ian McIntyre, Scottish journalist and producer (b. 1930)
* 2014 – Frits Thors, Dutch journalist (b. 1909)
* 2015 – Raymond Carr, English historian and academic (b. 1919)
* 2015 – William Price Fox, American journalist and author (b. 1926)
* 2015 – Roy Mason, English miner and politician, Secretary of State for Defence (b. 1924)
* 2015 – Tom McCabe, Scottish social worker and politician (b. 1954)
* 2015 – Oktay Sinanoğlu, Italian-Turkish chemist and academic (b. 1935)
* 2016 – Patricio Aylwin, Chilean politician (b. 1918)
* 2016 – Milt Pappas, American baseball player (b. 1939)
* 2017 – Aaron Hernandez, American football player (b. 1989)

## Holidays and observances

* Christian feast day:
	+ Ælfheah of Canterbury (Anglican, Catholic)
	+ Conrad of Ascoli
	+ Emma of Lesum
	+ Expeditus
	+ George of Antioch
	+ Olaus and Laurentius Petri (Lutheran)
	+ Pope Leo IX
	+ Ursmar
	+ April 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
* Earliest day on which First Day of Summer or *Sumardagurinn fyrsti* can fall, while April 25 is the latest; celebrated on the first Thursday after April 18. (Iceland)
* Army Day (Brazil)
* Beginning of the Independence Movement (Venezuela)
* Bicycle Day
* Dutch-American Friendship Day (United States)
* Holocaust Remembrance Day (Poland)
* Indian Day (Brazil)
* King Mswati III's birthday (Eswatini)
* Landing of the 33 Patriots Day (Uruguay)
* Patriots' Day (Massachusetts, Maine and Wisconsin, United States)

## References

1. ↑ Richard Holland (2000). *Nero: The Man Behind the Myth*. Sutton. p. 188. ISBN 978-0-7509-2447-4.
2. ↑ Irfan Shahid; Irfan Shahîd (1995). *Byzantium and the Arabs in the Sixth Century*. Dumbarton Oaks. p. 134. ISBN 978-0-88402-214-5.
3. ↑ Paulo Mendes Pinto; Susana Bastos Mateus (2 September 2014). *The Massacre of the Jews: Lisbon April 19, 1506*. Alêtheia Editores. p. 28. ISBN 978-989-622-665-7.
4. ↑ John Ruler (2011). *Cross-Channel France: Nord-Pas de Calais - The Land Beyond the Ports*. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 184. ISBN 978-1-84162-327-6.
5. ↑ Thomas Carlyle (1859). *History of Friedrich the Second, Called Frederick the Great*. Harper & Brothers. p. 420.
6. ↑ William Shurtleff; Akiko Aoyagi (4 November 2014). *Early History of Soybeans and Soyfoods Worldwide (1024 BCE to 1899):: Extensively Annotated Bibliography and Sourcebook*. Soyinfo Center. p. 273. ISBN 978-1-928914-69-3.
7. ↑ *A New Historical and Commercial System of Geography: Containing a Comprehensive History and Description of the Present State of All the Kingdoms of the World...* S. Russell. 1806. p. 2.
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35. ↑ Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G. (ed.). *Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families*. **IV** (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. p. 317. ISBN 1460992709.
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45. ↑ Mary Jane Gibson (April 19, 2020). "This Bicycle Day, Celebrate Albert Hofmann's Psychedelic Discovery". *Rolling Stone*. Archived from the original on April 20, 2020. Retrieved April 20, 2020.

## External links

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