Fareqí

## **Summary**

Fareqí is a small Caeli derivative language that was primarily spoken in a few remote towns at the southern base of the Penhiran mountain range. It emerged in a collection of tightly knit rural villages largely isolated from the more urban Caeli cities approximately a millennia after the Caeli arrival in Penhira. Unfortunately, due to the establishment of the Araenic Kingdom, and a subsequent lingua franca, Fareqí has since been on the decline. By the time Imeris had fallen to the undead, Fareqí had only been regularly spoken by a few conservative households in the heart of its original birthplace.

### Feature Overview

Fareqí contains a number of unique grammatical and phonetical features. The language contains 23 consonants and 4 vowels, of which each has 2 variants, for a total of 31 distinct phonemes. Fareqí also utilizes 3 grammatical noun cases in addition noun plurality. As for verbs, the language differentiates between present, past, remote past, and future actions. An important detail to note is that Fareqí is a primarily SOV language, ordering its sentences with the subject first, followed by the object then verb.

## **Phonemes & Alphabet**

### Phonemic Inventory

The Fareqí employs the use of 23 distinct consonants.

Fareqí also contains 4 unique vowels, each with their own length variant of short and long.

Fareqí Vowel Inventory
 Low-mid

### Orthography

Fareqí uses a number of letters and digraphs to represent characters that make writing much easier. Note that long vowels are represented with an accent mark added above the base letter.

Fareqí Orthography
 χ
 ð
 x

## **Grammar**

### Basic Rules

Fareqí is an SOV language. This means the subject of a sentence is placed first, then the direct object, and finally the verb. When adding conjugations to any word, a catch-all rule to follow is: part of speech morphology > case > plurality > other derivational morphology. If there is ever an instance in which 2 of the same vowels border each other, usually because of affixation, then a ' *(glottal stop)* must be placed to make separation in speech between the two vowels.

### Articles

Fareqí has both a definite and indefinite article. They are affected by neither gender nor plurality, with both articles acting as the singular and plural. Something to note is that, in Fareqí, the definite article is required to be used before place name such as Parravon or Cadence.

Articles
 Definite

### Nouns

Nouns in Fareqí have 3 main features: gender, plurality, and case. A noun can be either masculine or feminine. Unfortunately for learners, there is no predictable pattern to determine a noun's gender. The plurality of a noun signifies if it is singular or plural. For singular nouns, no conjugating is needed, but plural ones require an affix dependent on the noun gender. The noun cases in Fareqí are the nominative, accusative, and genitive. They are used to show the purpose a noun in a sentence. The nominative is used to show the subject, accusative the object, and genitive shows possession of one noun to another. In Fareqí, only the accusative and genitive cases require an affix.

Nouns Cases
 Accusative
 Genitive

Noun Plurality
 Plural

### Pronouns

There are 3 sets of pronouns in Fareqí, each for the nominative, accusative, and genitive cases. The accusative pronouns, however, are also used as indirect objects or the receiver of something. Uniquely, Fareqí differentiates gender between the 3rd person masculine and feminine. In cases which "it" would be used to represent a noun, it should utilize the same gender as the noun it represents. If the gender is unclear in context, or just unknown, then most Fareqí speakers default to whichever pronoun they prefer. If there is a mixed male and female group, then it is common for the majority gender pronoun to be used. However, it is not uncommon for speakers to default to either pronoun regardless of group demographics due to ease of communication.

### Adjectives

Adjectives in Fareqí are the exact same as they are in English. They are placed before the noun that they describe and follow the same hierarchical order.

### Verbs

Fareqí contains 4 tenses, 3 moods, and 4 aspects. Although it may seem daunting, a few of these conjugations are simply concatenation of simpler affixes or particles.

#### Simple Present

The present tense in Fareqí is describes an action taking place presently. There is no special conjugation for the present tense, it uses the base form of the verb.

Present
 He *learns* | tuh *néh* | /'tuh *'neːh*/

#### Simple Past

The past tense is used to describe an action that happened in the relatively recent past. It is conjugated by placing the *-a* suffix at the end of the base verb.

Simple Past
 she *learned* | búh *néha* | /'buːh *'neːha*/

Remote Past

The remote past indicates an action or state of being that happened a long time ago, usually around a year or more. It's formed by the placing the *tha-* prefix at the beginning of the root word.

Remote Past
 You (pl.) *learned [a long time ago]* | mi *thanéh* | /'mi *'θa.neːh*/

#### Simple Future

The simple future denotes an that a verb takes place anytime during the future. It's formed by placing the *qud* particle directly before the verb being conjugated.

Simple Future
 It (m.) will learn

#### Simple Conditional

The simple conditional is a mood that describes what *would* or *might* happen given a set of conditions. It is often accompanied with another independent clause connected by *but* or *because*. The conditional is conjugated using the *sá-* prefix.

 They (f.) *would learn* | bí *sánéh* | /'biː *'saːneːh*/

#### Progressive Aspect

The progressive aspect refers to actions that are happening at the time an event described has taken place. It's best exemplified in the italics of "I *was running*" or "I *am learning.*" The progressive aspect is formed by taking preferred tense of the temporary "to be" verb *fe* followed by the present participle of the action verb. If there is ever a case in which a word particle is used to mark tense, then particle will be concatenated with *fe.*

Progressive Aspect
 She *would be learning* | búh *sáfe néhífl* | /'buːh *'saːfe 'neːh.iːfl*/

#### Habitual Aspect

The habitual aspect is used to describe actions that habitually, *I learn something (every day)*, as opposed to happening just once, *I learned something*. It's formed by placing the *-úk* suffix onto the root verb. The habitual is usually combined with another phrase describing over what interval the action takes place unless it is deducible through context. This aspect can be combined with other tenses or moods to further describe an action. An example would be the future habitual, *I will learn something (every day)*. The habitual suffix, however, should be placed as the primary affix before all other tense or mood morphemes. One think to note is that the habitual cannot be combined with the remote past, otherwise it will form the imperfect aspect. Instead, the simple past is used for all past tense forms of the habitual.

Habitual Aspect

#### Imperfective Aspect

The imperfective aspect, in Fareqí, is used to denote an action that has taken place in the past during an undefined amount of time. It differs from the past habitual in that the imperfective doesn't give any indication of regularity in habit. It simply states that an action happened repeatedly, during sometime in the past, without any further information regarding interval. The imperfective is analogous to the modal phrase *used to* in English. The aspect is denoted by the circumfixation of the remote past and habitual affixes on root verb.

Imperfective Aspect
 You (pl.) *used to learn* | mi *thanéhúk* | /mi *θa'neːh.uːk*/

#### Perfective Aspect

The perfective aspect is used to describe a completed action, taken place before a determined reference point, that is relevant to the specific time at the reference point. More easily put, it's akin to saying *have learned* or *will have learned* as opposed to *learn* or *will learn* respectively. The perfective is formed in Fareqí by using the word *fem (already)* as a modal verb placed before the main verb. If two particles are being used to conjugate, such as the perfective and future, then the non-perfective particle will be concatenated to the root verb.

 You (sing.) *had learned* | tu *fem néha* | /tu *fem 'neːh.a*/

### Postpositions

Fareqí uses postpositions instead of the prepositions found in English. This simply means that the prepositional phrase is placed after the noun it describes as opposed to before.

### Derivational Morphology

Derivational morphology are affixes attached to words to make changes to their meaning. They can be used to change a word's part of speech or change the purpose of a word entirely. Nonetheless, the root word and it's derivatives are still related through a broad interpretation. Some affixes have two forms, this is to prevent vowels from bordering and excessive use of the ' letter.

## **Numbering System**

Fareqí features a unique base-12 numbering system.

## **Translation Examples**

### Common Translations

Common Translations
 Mam qúwwis
 Mam ramim
 Mam yal'a
 Mam dhéthébbúsm

### Astrological Translations

Astrological Translations
 The Page
 The Hunter
 The Noble
 The World

### Full Repository

Download link for a complete Fareqí - English, and visa versa, dictionary.