recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Grishnakh

**Grishnákh** was an Orc captain of Mordor who led a host of Orcs to join the Uruk-hai who were taking Merry and Pippin

across Rohan to Isengard.

## Biography

Grishnákh's plans for the two captives, Merry and Pippin, were in conflict with Uglúk's orders to deliver them unharmed. Grishnákh wanted to take them to Mordor. Grishnákh and his Orc clan joining Uglúk to escort him and his Uruk-Hai to Isengard. When the Uruk-hai and the Orcs soon begin arguing amongst themselves over lack of food to eat, Grishnákh is vexed by Uglúk's insistence that the captive Hobbits not be killed or maimed. While it is unknown if he knew of Uglúk's mission, Grishnákh attempts to kill the captive Hobbits (probably because of he is hungry and wanting to eat them) before he is hit by a Rohirrim rider's spear. Though he survives to chase Merry and Pippin into Fangorn Forest, When he arrived there he was nearly killing Merry, but being crushed to death by Treebeard stepping on him.
First Age 260

**First Age 260** (abbreviated to **F.A. 260**) is the 260th year of the Sun of the First Age of Middle-earth.

Notable events in this year include:

* Glaurung first emerges from Angband, but is pushed back by Fingon. The Long Peace begins.
* Around this time, Telchar forges the Dragon-helm for the dwarf-lord Azaghâl.
Flame of Anor

The **Flame of Anor** is some element or power obscurely referred to by Gandalf who claimed to wield it, in the face of Durin's Bane. Only speculation can be done about its meaning and nature.

Anor is the Elvish name for the Sun, and so literally the "flame of Anor" would be the light of the Sun, which originated in the fiery fruit of Laurelin, one of the Two Trees of Valinor. Alternatively, the "flame of Anor" may refer to Gandalf's possession of Narya, known as the "Ring of Fire".

The expression might metaphorically refer to some power wielded by the Wizard, as a Maia and servant of the Flame Imperishable; with the pure light of the Sun as an antithesis of the "dark fire" of the fallen Balrog.
Fourth Age 82

**Fourth Age 82** (abbreviated to **Fo.A. 82** or **F.O. 82**) is the 82nd year of the Sun of the Fourth Age of Middle-earth. Unless otherwise stated, Tolkien Gateway follows Shire usage in Appendix B for reckoning Fourth Age years: Fourth Age 82 was also known as **S.R. 1503** in Shire-reckoning.

Notable events in this year include:

* Death of Faramir, Prince of Ithilien.
* Elboron, son of Faramir, becomes the second Prince of Ithilien.
Gothmog

**Gothmog** was the lieutenant of the Witch-king in the Third Age from Minas Morgul, notably serving at the Battle of the Pelennor Fields.

Gothmog was mentioned at the Battle of the Pelennor Fields, following the loss of his master: in response to the arrival of the Rohirrim, he called his army's reserve out of Osgiliath and into the main battle, and brought Easterlings, Southrons, Variags, and Troll-men "into the fray".

He is first seen commanding the Orcs crossing the Anduin river to the western half of Osgiliath, which was still held by Men, and orders the first shot fired in the Battle of Osgiliath. After Faramir's retreat, a second legion enters the city from Minas Morgul via the bridge that the Orcs who controlled the eastern side of the city had rebuilt.

The troops of Gondor retreated, leaving behind their wounded, one of whom is Madril, the badly-wounded captain of the Ithilien rangers, whom Gothmog kills with a spear. The Witch-king, arrived from Minas Morgul, then instructs him to assault Minas Tirith using all legions at his disposal. When Gothmog asks about Gandalf, the Witch-king replies that he will "break him".

When Faramir rides out with a small band of Gondor Knights on horseback, attempting to retake the city, Gothmog orders his archers to fire a volley from the ruins of Osgiliath which kill the knights save Faramir. Once his forces arrive on the Pelennor Fields, he orders the heads of the dead soldiers in Osgiliath to be launched off the catapults, to instill fear into the hearts of Gondor's soldiers and destroy their morale.

Gothmog then begins directing the main ground operations, from catapults to siege-towers. He becomes enraged when the doors into the city won't budge, ordering Grond to be brought forth to smash it down. When the defenders of Gondor start launching debris at the attackers with trebuchets, Gothmog orders his troops to hold still. When a large piece of the debris is launched directly at him, Gothmog waits until the last second before sidestepping to avoid it by about a foot, prompting him to mock his opponents by spitting on it. His lieutenants are Guritz, with the skull on his helmet, who seemed to be the siege commander, and Murgash, a Black Uruk.

In the theatrical release, Gothmog is presumed dead after the Rohirrim's charge as he is last seen trying to back away as the Rohirrim kill his men.

In the extended edition, he is shown to have survived the onslaught and duels Éowyn, who gains the upper hand and wounds his leg. Gothmog collapses in pain moments before the Witch-king arrives on the scene of the battle. Éowyn succeeds in destroying the Witch-king, but is injured in the process and crawls to Merry.

At this point, Gothmog rises, furious for revenge, and uses an axe for support as he limps towards her. As he approaches, he discards the axe and picks up a mace, preparing to kill Éowyn. Aragorn rushes in and chops off his arm, before Gimli strikes Gothmog from behind in the torso with his axe, and Aragorn then delivers the final blow to his back, killing him.
Great Plague

The **Great Plague**, known also as the **Dark Plague**, was a disastrous pestilence in Middle-earth in the mid-Third Age.

## History

### Beginning

The Great Plague began in the east beyond Mordor, reaching Osgiliath in TA 1636 just two years after King Minardil of Gondor had been killed at Pelargir by the Corsairs of Umbar, and two centuries after the Kin-strife of Gondor. The new king, Telemnar died along with his children, as well as many others of the Dúnedain. These losses served to greatly weaken the people of Gondor.

### Movement of the plague

The Plague had first hit Rhûn and Rhovanion, and after the plague had passed more than half, the people had been killed. From Osgiliath, the plague spread west and then north. Minhiriath and Cardolan were especially hard hit and the remaining population in those regions mostly wiped out. The last of the Dúnedain of Cardolan died at the Barrowdowns, and evil spirits from Angmar entered the tombs there.

Thankfully, the Plague weakened as it passed north and Arthedain was scarcely affected, although the Shire was hit harder, with the Hobbits suffering great losses.

In Gondor, the cities of Osgiliath and Minas Ithil were hit especially hard, suffering the highest casualties outside of Rhovanion. Many fled both cities and re-located to Ithilien and Anórien, and Minas Anor became the King's seat as Osgiliath was so depopulated it began to fall into ruin. After this time, the province of Calenardhon, never densely populated, was mostly empty.

### Aftermath

The casualties were so high that the fortresses guarding Mordor were abandoned along with the garrisons in Enedwaith, as the surviving troops were recalled. For the next two centuries, Gondor, as well as its enemies, did little but try to regain strength. Gondor had begun to recover by the 19th century of the Third Age, but was then hit by the Wainrider War.

The Great Plague is revealed to be an evil of Sauron, created by his chief poisoner Lhaereth the Stained. Various versions of it were tested in Rhun before a suitable variant was unleashed onto the lands in the west. However, despite the devastation it brought, the Plague was deemed a failure by Sauron for not being deadly enough, and Lhaereth fell out of his favor for many years hence. It is revealed that the Rangers of the North could heal those affected by the Plague with kingsfoil. After the downfall of Sauron, the player works with two Rangers to stop Lhaereth from unleashing a new, improved version of the Great Plague.
Fornost Erain

**Fornost Erain** was the capital of Arnor and later Arthedain. It was located at the south end of the North Downs, about 100 Númenórean miles north of Bree, at the northern terminus of the North-South Road.

## History

### Early history

Fornost most probably was founded, around or after the establishment of the realm of Arnor in S.A. 3320 since there is no record of the Númenóreans penetrating so far north before the Downfall of Númenor. After the fall of Sauron, and early in the Third Age, the Army of Arnor marched west through the Fords of Isen and continued north to Fornost.

In T.A. 861, when King Eärendur died, Arnor was divided into three kingdoms. Fornost would become the capital of the new realm of Arthedain at some point; the throne may have lingered for some time in the original capital, Annuminas, after the division, if it wasn't moved immediately to Fornost. In 1409, when the Witch-king of Angmar took the tower of Amon Sûl, the *palantír* was saved and carried back to Fornost. The new and young King Araphor repelled the enemy from Fornost and the North Downs.

### Fall

In T.A. 1974, Arthedain was overrun by the forces of Angmar. Fornost was captured, and King Arvedui fled into the northern wastes and was lost in the Icebay of Forochel with the two palantirs he had saved from the forces of Angmar. Meanwhile Fornost became the dwelling of the Witch-king and his evil folk, usurping the house of the old kings.

In the following year, a fleet of ships from Gondor, led by Eärnur, landed at Mithlond. The Elves of Lindon led by Círdan, the remaining Dúnedain of the North and a few archers from the Shire joined the Host of the West. Eärnur fought the Witch-king of Angmar in the plains west of Fornost and defeated the armies of Angmar, but the Witch-king himself escaped.

### Deadmen's Dike

After Fornost Erain was abandoned, the inhabitants of the nearest settlement, Bree, referred to it as **Deadmen's Dike**, and did not come there. Only Rangers came there from time to time, but no-one knew what they did there.

After King Elessar reunited the kingdoms of Gondor and Arnor, he had the ruins rebuilt and made a great city where Men dwelt once again.
Horn of the Mark

The **Horn of the Mark**, informally known as the **Horn of Rohan**, was a silver horn made by the Dwarves, and later given as a gift from Éowyn to Meriadoc Brandybuck.

## Description

It was an ancient, Dwarf-made horn of silver with a green baldric, engraved with horsemen riding in a line from the tip to the mouth. Runes of great virtue were set into it, said to cause enemies fear and friends joy, bringing the blower's friends to him.

## History

The horn became an heirloom of the royal house of Rohan, brought from the north by Eorl the Young. It was originally from the hoard of the dragon Scatha the Worm, who was killed by Fram. Despite disputes over Scatha's hoard with the Dwarves, the Éothéod took at least part of the hoard, including the horn.

Many years later, Éowyn presented the horn to Meriadoc Brandybuck when he was leaving Rohan, for his deeds at the Battle of the Pelennor Fields.
Linhir

**Linhir** was a town in southern Gondor, at the juncture of the River Gilrain and the River Serni, north of the Mouths of Anduin. Through it passed the road from Pelargir to Ethring.

Angbor, the Lord of Lamedon, was here attacked by the Haradrim and Corsairs during the War of the Ring. On 11 March T.A. 3019, Aragorn and the Grey Company arrived at the town (with, of course, the Army of the Dead). Terror came upon their assailants and they fled. The Men of Lamedon fled as well; all save the stout-hearted Angbor. Eventually the Corsairs were driven back to Pelargir, where they were defeated.

Linhir was a city in the region of Central Gondor. It straddled the rivers Serni and Gilrain just past their confluence and therefore was built in both Dor-en-Ernil and Lower Lebennin, but was mainly considered part of the former. Three brothers, "Erchar", "Garvir", and "Herion", sons of the late "Comeldir", commanded the soldiers of Linhir following Aragorn's passage. The brothers were commanded to defend the city, but Erchar and Herion instead attacked the enemy forces in Dor-en-Ernil, resulting in the deaths of many of their men. The brothers were later convinced to return, and when both sides recovered from the terror of the Oathbreakers the remaining Corsairs and Haradrim launched a second attack. The Gondorians were again victorious but suffered heavy losses.
Fourth Age 11

**Fourth Age 11** (abbreviated to **Fo.A. 11** or **F.O. 11**) is the 11th year of the Sun of the Fourth Age of Middle-earth. Unless otherwise stated, Tolkien Gateway follows Shire usage in Appendix B for reckoning Fourth Age years: Fourth Age 11 was also known as **S.R. 1432** in Shire-reckoning.

Notable events in this year include:

* Birth of Hamfast Gardner, seventh child and fourth son of Samwise Gamgee and Rose Cotton.
* Death of Saradoc Brandybuck.
* Meriadoc Brandybuck, son of Saradoc and Esmeralda Took, becomes the Master of Buckland. Great gifts are sent to him by King Éomer and the Lady Éowyn of Ithilien.
Foxes

**Foxes** were four legged wild canines that lived near the woods and wilds surrounding the outskirts of the Shire. They were not known to be menacing, and probably avoided Men and Hobbits.

The most famous of the mention of foxes was when they approached the company of Hobbits as they slept in the woods after they left the Shire. It was narrated of how the fox thought it was very queer to see Hobbits asleep in the woods, but the fox didn't stay to find out anything more. This fox seems to have possessed sentience, although it's not clear if all foxes in Middle-earth did, and this may have simply been personification. Later, the Hobbits see another fox, although it is unlikely that this is the same one they had seen in the woods.
Firs

**Firs** were Evergreen trees that grew across the northern parts of Middle-earth, and especially in the upper Vales of Anduin. On 23 September T.A. 3018 Frodo, Sam, and Pippin encountered firs at midnight in the Green Hill Country. The hobbits made a fire of fir sticks and cones and slept in angles between a great fir-tree's roots.
Fourth Age 4

**Fourth Age 4** (abbreviated to **Fo.A. 4** or **F.O. 4**) is the 4th year of the Sun of the Fourth Age of Middle-earth. Unless otherwise stated, Tolkien Gateway follows Shire usage in Appendix B for reckoning Fourth Age years: Fourth Age 4 was also known as **S.R. 1425** in Shire-reckoning.

Notable events in this year include:

* Birth of Rose Gardner, third child and second daughter of Samwise Gamgee and Rose Cotton.
Minas Morgul Cavalry

The ***Minas Morgul Cavalry*** is a descriptive term (not used by Tolkien) to describe the mounted troops that rode out with the Witch-king of Angmar from Minas Morgul to lead Sauron's armies to war. Tolkien referred only to "a great cavalry of horsemen."

## History

In *The Lord of The Rings,* "The Two Towers", a great cavalry of horsemen rode out from Minas Morgul with The Witch-King himself ahead of them, while Frodo watched. It's unknown whether they were mounted Orcs, Men, or both, or whether (if men) they were Easterlings, Southrons, or men originally quartered at Minas Morgul itself.

In *The Lord of The Rings,* "The Return of The King", when Faramir led a retreat to Minas Tirith after the Battle of Osgiliath, "horsemen of the Enemy" (perhaps the horsemen from Minas Morgul) charged toward them, with Orcs following them. But Haradrim were also present, and among them was a "mounted champion", so the horsemen may have been a Southron cavalry, with possible Orc-horse riders, or there may have been more than two groups of horsemen present: one from Minas Morgul, and another from Harad.

It may also be possible that who ever they were, that they were also present during The Battle of the Pelennor Fields particularly among the legions of Minas Morgul against the walls of Minas Tirith and that likely they like the rest of the enemy were all but killed off by the forces of Gondor after Aragorn II Elessar arrived.[*citation needed*]
Freda

**Freda** was the daughter of Morwen and sister of Eothain in Rohan.

## Biography

During the War of the Ring, Freda and her older brother Éothain were sent by their mother to alert King Théoden that the Wild-men were raiding through Rohan. Upon arriving to Edoras, Freda and Éothain were kept safe until Théoden led his people to Helm's Deep. They were reunited with their mother.
Fundin

**Fundin** was the son of Farin, the brother of Gróin, father of Balin and Dwalin, and uncle of Óin and Gloin, four of Thorin Oakenshield's companions on the Quest of Erebor.

## Biography

Nothing else is known of Fundin's life except that he was born in the Lonely Mountain 108 years before the coming of Smaug. He was among those Dwarves forced into exile and eventually settled in Dunland. Fundin was later slain beneath the East-gate of Moria in the climactic Battle of Azanulbizar during the War of the Dwarves and Orcs. After the battle, all of the fallen Dwarves, Fundin included, were stripped of their armour and weaponry by their kinsmen, and were burnt upon pyres of wood.
House of Feanor

The **House of Fëanor** were the cursed descendants and followers of Fëanor, the eldest son of Finwë and his spouse Míriel.

## History

Fëanor was one of the greatest, and certainly the most skilled, of the Noldor, but his burning anger at the loss of his Silmarils led him to commit acts that would greatly diminish the influence of his house among his people. As the heir of Finwë, his descendants (specifically Maedhros, his eldest son) should have inherited the Kingship of the Noldor, but because of Fëanor's rash acts, the lordship of the Noldor passed to his brothers: Finarfin in Aman, and Fingolfin in Middle-earth. For this reason, the members of the House of Fëanor are referred to as the *Dispossessed*.

The history of the House was a woeful one, and most of its members met an early end. Fëanor and six of his seven sons perished before the end of the First Age. His second son Maglor survived beyond the War of Wrath, wandering the shores of Middle-earth, but his fate is unknown. The last of the House was Fëanor's grandson Celebrimbor, the son of Curufin, who had a great part in the making of the Rings of Power, and was tortured to death by Sauron during the Second Age.
Old Noakes

**Old Noakes** was a Hobbit of the Shire and a resident of Bywater. He was a regular at the Ivy Bush inn in Hobbiton.

## Biography

In TA 3001, just before Bilbo's Farewell Birthday Party, Old Noakes was gossiping with the "Old Gaffer", Daddy Twofoot, and Sandyman the miller at the Ivy Bush tavern. He believed that Drogo Baggins (the father of Frodo) sank he and his wife Primula Brandybuck's boat because of his weight. Sandyman thought it was because Primula pushed him off. The Old Gaffer laughed at both of these claims dismissing them as rumors.
Minas Morgul

**Minas Morgul** (originally called **Minas Ithil**) was the twin city of Minas Tirith before its fall to the forces of Sauron in the Third Age. As the easternmost fortification in the kingdom of Gondor, Minas Ithil safeguarded the eastern borders of the Kingdom of Gondor and protected the capital Osgiliath from the forces of Mordor during the early part of the Third Age. It was once a great city of men before Sauron took over the city, turning it into an evil lair for his lieutenant, The Witch king of Angmar.

## History

### Second Age

Isildur, and his brother Anarion landed in Gondor. Both men were sons of Elendil. Isildur had Minas Ithil (the city's earlier name) near the border of Mordor while Anarion built Minas Tirith (then Minas Anor). Later, it was restored into a watchtower after the Last Alliance of Elves and Men where Sauron had been defeated.

### Third Age

TA 1980, Nazgul returned to Mordor and later in TA  2002, they took over the city for their master Sauron, who was hidden at the time.

In 2975, the forces of Minas Morgul attacked Ithilien, finally destroying Osgiliath, before they were repelled by the steward Boromir I. The Ringwraiths were presumably banished, being that they fell in the North with their lord, The Witch King, during the fall of Angmar in 2540.

During the War of the Ring, Cirith Ungol was the headquarters of the Witch-king of Angmar, where he was breaded for war. Later, by deceiving Frodo and Sam, Gollum led the two hobbits to Cirith Ungol to lead them to Shelob. Due to the call of the One Ring, Frodo approached the city before Sam and Gollum dragged him back.

During the march of the Host of the West towards the Black Gate Gandalf destroys the bridge leading out of Minas Morgul to prevent Aragorn's armies from being flanked. After the downfall of Sauron this action has an unintentional effect of protecting the Dead City itself from any attack from the west. Following Aragorn's coronation, King Elessar charges steward Faramir and the Rangers of Ithilien with reclaiming the Morgul Vale and cleansing the Dead City.

## Appearance

Before it was corrupted, the city Minas Morgul (or than when it was knowna s Minas Ithil, was told to be one of the most beautiful cities in all of mankind. It was made of whtie stone and had many windows with one tall tower. However, after the darkness took over Minas Ithil, the fort became Minas Morgul. It had become a very dark fortress with a green glow coming out of it.
Sea-longing

**Sea-longing**, or the **Unquiet of Ulmo**, was a strong desire to return to the sea that typically affected the Eldar.

The Noldor who lingered in Middle-earth had an unquietable yearning for the Sea, coupled with their nostalgia of their home. It was slumbering in the hearts of the Sindar, until it awoke after seeing Belegaer, the Great Sea to the west of Middle-earth, for the first time. The cry of the gulls awakened the sea-longing in Legolas' heart when he heard them at Pelargir.

Tuor first felt the sea-longing when he looked upon Belegaer, and he felt it ever afterwards. This longing was also passed on to his son, Eärendil. In addition, those that heard the music of the Ulumúri, the horns of Ulmo, would always feel a longing for the sea.
King of Numenor

The **King of Númenor** (Ad. ***Âru n'Adûnâi*** – "King of the Anadûnians") was the royal title of twenty-two rulers of Númenor (there were also three Ruling Queens).

## History

The royal line began with Elros Tar-Minyatur, the brother of Elrond, who founded the House of Elros, and ended with Ar-Pharazôn (Tar-Calion) and Ar-Zimraphel (Tar-Míriel).

The symbol of the Kings of Númenor was the Sceptre, which in the early centuries of the Second Age was passed on by the rulers to their heirs when they abdicated and went into retirement. However in later centuries, beginning with Tar-Atanamir, the Sceptre was held until death.

Initially the Kings and Queens took their names in Quenya, however as the Númenóreans turned against the Valar and use of the Elven tongues, the kings took their names in Adûnaic, beginning officially with Ar-Adûnakhôr, the twentieth king. The Quenya names continued to be used in the Scroll of the Kings out of fear of breaking with tradition.

After Ar-Pharazôn, who perished in the Downfall of Númenor and was imprisoned in the Caves of the Forgotten, the title was abandoned and the direct line of Kings was broken. However, Númenórean rule continued in Middle-earth through the exiled Dúnedain, now living in the Realms in Exile, Arnor and Gondor, established by Elendil the Tall, who was the senior surviving descendant of Elros through Silmariën the daughter of king Tar-Elendil.

The following table is a list of all the twenty-five **monarchs of Númenor**:
Ragash

**Ragash** was an Orc who served Azog and fought in the Battle of Five Armies.

## Biography

### The Hobbit

Ragash was present at the Battle of Azanulbizar. He served Azog the Defiler as a Warg Rider and scout in his band of Orcs. Ragash hunted Thorin under Yazneg and Fimbul, and witnessed Azog`s feeding Yazneg to the Wargs. Azog, Fimbul and Ragash later chased the dwarves to a small cliff edge, forcing them to climb into the trees. However, the wizard, Gandalf, lit some pinecones on fire and threw them at the wargs, burning a few of them. When Bilbo saved Thorin, Ragash and Fimbul attacked him. However, the Eagles attacked the orcs and threw many of the Warg riders off the cliff. Ragash, along with Fimbul and Azog, escaped.

Instead of going to hunt the dwarf company, Ragash remained at Dol Guldur and witnessed the arrival of his fellow Guldur Orcs to help Sauron. He later informed Azog that the orc armies were ready to attack the Lonely Mountain at dawn, and that the attack would be sudden and swift. Ragash fought in the Battle of the Five Armies, leading the attack in Dale. He died sometime during the battle, but it remains unknown who killed him or how he died.
First Marshal of the Riddermark

The **First Marshal of the Riddermark** was the highest military rank among the Riders of Rohan. Unlike the Second and Third Marshals, whose duties were assigned as the times demanded, the First Marshal always had the same responsibility: he commanded the Muster of Edoras, i.e. the Riders of the capital Edoras and the surrounding lands, including the King's Lands and Harrowdale.

In his youth, King Théoden had led the Riders of the Muster of Edoras himself, so that no First Marshal was needed. When the King later fell under Saruman's power, Gríma Wormtongue worked to ensure that no First Marshal was appointed, leaving a vacuum of power for him to exploit, and at the time of the War of the Ring, there was no First Marshal of the Riddermark.
Old Hope

The **Old Hope** was a belief hold by a group of Edain in the First Age. They believed Eru will enter into Arda and heal the Marring caused by Morgoth.

## History

The group were few, but their number had increased after the coming of the Edain into Beleriand, as in the war of the Eldar they saw that Morgoth could indeed be defied, as they thought. However, their hope was not grounded on any of the peoples of Arda, but on the One who created Eä and was beyond it:

During the famous debate between the Wise-woman Andreth and King Finrod, she mentioned those of the "Old Hope" after dealing with *Estel* ("hope"). She denied to be one of them, declaring her incredulity against this belief, but Finrod showed himself more open to it: "*If Eru wished to do this, I do not doubt that He would find a way.*
Mountains of Mirkwood

The **Mountains of Mirkwood**, also known as **Emyn-nu-Fuin**, is a group of smaller mountains located in the north end of Mirkwood.

They were located south west of the Elvenking's Halls in Mirkwood.

## History

During the days when Mirkwood was known as Greenwood the Great, the mountains were known as **Emyn Duir** or the **Dark Mountains**, and were probably inhabited by Silvan Elves. The Giant Spiders of Mirkwood, and goblins made their homes there when the power of Dol Guldur was strong, leading to their new name.

The Enchanted stream had its source in these mountains, curving north to join with the Forest River.
Marshal of the Mark

**Marshal of the Mark** was a title of high rank within the army of Rohan. The Marshals were considered lieutenants of the King, and commanded not only a fully equipped Éored, but were charged with one-third of all the Muster of Rohan. As such, there were usually three Marshals.

## History

The First Marshal's charge was the King's lands. These included Folde and Harrowdale, and the muster also of Edoras, the capital. The Second Marshal was usually charged with the West-Mark, including the Fords of Isen, a pivotal location in Rohan's defense during the War of the Ring. The Hornburg (Helm's Deep) was the base of the West-Mark's Marshal. The East-Mark often went to the Third Marshal. His headquarters were at Aldburg, once the home of Eorl the Young, first King of the Mark. The Second and Third Marshals, however, were interchangeable, and were assigned based on need by the King.

At the time of the War of the Ring, the office of First Marshal was vacant. During his youth, King Théoden had personally led the Muster of Edoras, but as he fell under the growing shadow of Saruman, and his servant Gríma Wormtongue, Théoden began to neglect his realm and Wormtongue made sure the office of First Marshal was not filled. The Second Marshal and commander of the Westfold was Théodred, son and heir of Théoden. Éomer son of Éomund, nephew of the King, was the Third Marshal, and filled his father's post as commander of the East-Mark. Due to Théoden's condition, the de facto commander at Edoras was Elfhelm, who acted as a Marshal of the Mark. Háma, the loyal captain of the King's guard, was also at the capital.

When war with Saruman began, Théodred assumed command of Rohan's army, despite the orders of his father speaking through his wicked counsellor Gríma. Théodred ordered a muster to Edoras and soon led a good portion of the King's riders west to strengthen the Fords of Isen against invasion. Later, Éomer defied the King and led his Éored (riders of his own household, his personal guard) to remove the herd folk of the East-Mark behind the fens of Entwash. There he encountered the Orcs returning to Isengard from the Falls of Rauros, and later Aragorn, Legolas and Gimli.

During the battles of the Lord of the Rings, the renewed Théoden assumed command of the army. With Théodred slain, Éomer acted as first Marshal. Elfhelm led the muster of Eastfold, while Grimbold, previously a captain and hero of the battles at the Fords of Isen, commanded the riders of Westfold. After the War of the Ring was ended, Éomer King reordered the positions of the Marshals. He himself commanded the Muster of Rohan, and caused the position of First Marshal to be held ever by the King or, in the case of age or sickness by the newly created rank of Underking. The positions of Second and Third Marshal were largely dissolved, replaced by the titles Marshal of the East-Mark and of the West-Mark.
Maia

The **Maiar** (singular **Maia**) were primordial spirits created to help the Valar first shape the World. They were numerous, though not many were named. Their chiefs were Eönwë, banner-bearer and herald of Manwë, and Ilmarë, the handmaid of Varda.

Five of these spirits, in the Third Age, became the incarnated Wizards.

## History

Each of the Maiar was associated with one or more particular Vala, and was of similar stock, though less powerful. For example, Ossë and Uinen, as spirits of the sea, belonged to Ulmo the Sea-king,[1] while Curumo (known in Middle-earth as Saruman) belonged to Aulë the Smith. Others included Mairon (originally also of Aulë, known in Middle-earth as Sauron), Aiwendil (known in Middle-earth as Radagast), who belonged to Yavanna the Fruit-giver, and Olórin (known by the Elves as Mithrandir but came to Middle-Earth as Gandalf) who belonged to Manwë the Wind-king and Varda the Star-Queen. Gandalf's ways took him often to the house of Nienna the Weeper, and from her, he learned pity and patience, which perhaps aided him in his later struggles to unite the Free People of Middle-earth against the power of Sauron.

Alatar and Pallando, later known as the Blue Wizards, traveled to the East, never returning to the West; their fate is unknown. The Balrogs (*Valaraukar* in Quenya) were corrupted Maiar who became Melkor's most trusted and terrible servants. Melian served both Vána and Estë. The Sun and Moon were also piloted by Maiar: Arien, a spirit of fire uncorrupted by Melkor, was chosen for her radiant beauty and fierce devotion to the workings of the Valar, was selected to guide the Sun, while Tilion, a hunter in the company of Oromë, was chosen to steer the Moon.
Lossarnach

**Lossarnach** was a region and fiefdom in southern Gondor.

## History

Known as the "Vale of flowers", it was a fertile region lying south of the eastern end of the White Mountains. It was the region closest to Minas Tirith, which depended on the fruit cultivated in the orchards of Lossarnach. Residents of Minas Tirith were also known to make expeditions to the region to behold its renowned flowers and trees (which surely included the valley Imloth Melui).

At the end of the Third Age, its lord was the old Forlong the Fat, who led two hundred men to the aid of Minas Tirith. Forlong was killed in the Battle of the Pelennor Fields, but many of his men survived and accompanied Aragorn Elessar on his way to the Black Gate, even though most of them were farmers.

Lossarnach was populated by many refugees from Ithilien and Osgiliath. During the War of the Ring, most women and children from Minas Tirith were sent there.

Famous people from the region included the wise-woman Ioreth who served in the Houses of Healing of Minas Tirith, and Morwen Steelsheen, wife of King Thengel of Rohan.

Lossarnach was an area in the region of Eastern Gondor. It was across the river Erui from Upper Lebennin to the west and across the river Anduin from South Ithilien to the east. The Rammas Echor divided it from the Pelennor to the north-east. Settlements in Lossarnach included the capital city of Arnach, Imloth Melui, Harlond, and "Ost Norhir", though the latter two have fallen to the Morgul-host. The emblem of Lossarnach was three red roses on a white field. Baranor, Captain of the Guard of Arnach, and the Lady Vanyalos, sister of Denethor and wife of Forlong, were in charge of the land when Forlong went to Minas Tirith.
Men of the West

The term **Men of the West** is a general term that refers to the Edain or Atani, the men who were friends with the Elves Lullaby in the First and Second Age of Middle-earth.

## History

In the Third and Fourth Age, this term refers to several groups of Men, including men of Rohan and Gondor. Other Men included in this general designation include the men of Bree-land, the Men of Dale and may also be applicable to Hobbits, as Hobbits are considered a race of Men. During the War of the Ring, this term was used to refer to the Edain who ventured forth to challenge the armies of Mordor.

More specifically, **Men of The West** may also refer to men who are descended from the survivors of Númenor. But overall, any person who is descended from the houses of Haleth, Bëor or Hador may claim this title.

### Assorted lands of the Edain

* Gondor
* Arnor
* Rohan
* Dale
* Lake-town
* The Shire
* Drúadan Forest
* Bree-land
* Dunland
Khuzdul

**Khuzdul** was the language of the Dwarves, written in the 50-letter Cirth script (Runes). It appears to be structured, like real-world Semitic languages, around the triconsonantal roots: ***kh-z-d*, *b-n-d*, *z-g-l***.

## History

The language was created by the Vala Aulë, the creator of the first Dwarves, who taught them "the language he had devised for them," implying that Khuzdul is a constructed language even within context of the books. The language was rarely heard by outsiders and was a secret, and was thus not recorded by Elves or Men. The *Lhammas* tells that Khuzdul uniquely derives from the separate language family "Aulëan" (named after Aulë), separate from the "Oromëan" family that supersedes the Eldarin languages.

The only Khuzdul line in J.R.R. Tolkien's primary writings is Gimli's battle-cry *Baruk Khazâd! Khazâd ai-mênu!*, meaning, "Axes of the Dwarves! The Dwarves are upon you!"*.*

In the early days of Middle-earth, before Men entered Beleriand, they had contact with the Dwarves of the Blue Mountains and further East, and the Taliska language was devised, similar to the Dwarven tongue. Taliska would be the ancestor of Adûnaic, the later tongue of Númenor, and of the Common Speech.
Last Debate

The **Last Debate** was the council that Aragorn held with Imrahil, Gandalf, Éomer, Elladan, and Elrohir. It was held outside Minas Tirith on March 16, 3019, and there it was decided "*that they should set forth on the second morning from that day with seven thousands [of men], if these might be found*" to fight Sauron in the Battle of the Morannon, in the hope that Frodo Baggins and Samwise Gamgee might finish the Quest of the Ring in Mordor.

Also debated was what size expeditionary force should be mustered, and the number to leave behind for defense. In the end they decided to leave behind 3,000 Rohirrim to attack a very large blocking force stationed on the West Road in Anórien; 4,000 who were coming by land from Pelargir; possibly several thousand who were coming up the Anduin; and probably some 1-2,000 survivors from the siege of the city. All in all the defensive forces' numbers could been upwards of 9,000, fulfilling Aragorn's plan of leaving Minas Tirith with a larger defensive force than what it had before the siege began.

The expeditionary force, known as the Army of the West, numbered 7,000 men, and two days later they left for the Morannon.
Nordinbad

**Nordinbad** is a location in the game *The Lord of the Rings: War in the North*. It is a dwarven fortress hidden deep within the Grey Mountains, providing isolation and refuge for the dwarves of Durin's Folk. They lived around an underground lake known as Azan-zâram.

Gorin of the Longbeards was the ruler of Nordinbad.

## History

In the Third Age, during the War of the Ring, Agandaûr declared war on Nordinbad, as well as all other Free Folk in the North of Middle-earth.

As the Right Hand of Sauron, Agandaûr gathered armies of Orcs all over the north, as well as Goblins, Trolls, and several other foul things. It is revealed that Agandaûr arrived at Nordinbad under parley, and told them to turn over Nordinbad to him and he will spare them. The Dwarves refused. Angered, Agandaûr warned them that they would all be destroyed by the fiery doom that awaited them.

When Agandaûr was gathering Orcs at Mount Gundabad, the Dwarves led by prince Nordri went to activate an ancient weapon deep within the mountain itself. With the help of three warriors set out from Rivendell named Eradan, Farin and Andriel, Nordri and his friend Bruni were able to activate this weapon, killing many orcs. With the help of the Great Eagle Beleram, as well as his companions Baranthor and Armenel, the heroes were able to escape and return to Nordinbad.

There, lord Gorin rewarded Eradan, Andriel and Farin for their help, and told them of their negotiations with Agandaûr. When they mentioned the fiery doom, Gorin feared that he referred to a dragon who lives in the mountains eastward named Úrgost. Farin, Eradan and Andriel set out to find the wizard Radagast the Brown in Mirkwood to see if he can help them find where Úrgost is based.

During the heroes' quest to find the dragon, Agandaûr laid a siege on Nordinbad. The dwarves were hit hard, many killed or wounded. Gorin was wounded and Nordri's friend Bruni was killed. Eradan, Farin and Andriel returned and dealt with the remaining forces of Agandaûr: Orcs, Uruk hai, goblins, trolls and Men of Carn Dum. Beleram was injured badly, whilst Baranthor and Armenel were killed.

When the battle ended, Eradan, Andriel and Farin received a reward from Gorin for saving Nordinbad. Also, they set out to end Agandaûr for good at his stronghold of Carn Dûm, the former fortress of the Witch-king and part of their bargain with Úrgost.

Eventually, the three heroes defeated Agandaûr, and with his death Sauron fell as well. Nordinbad was not only safe, but so was every other land in Middle-earth. With Agandaûr defeated, Úrgost can lay claim to Carn Dûm, and the Dwarves of Nordinbad are safe.

Following the conclusion of the War of the Ring, it is possible that the Dwarves of Nordinbad regained contact with the Dwarves of Erebor. In War in the North, after Gloin was informed of the existence of Nordinbad from the protagonist, he wanted to set up relations with the lost folk of Longbeards.
Rabbits

**Rabbits**, also known as **hares**, or **conies** by Hobbits, were small, fat animals which lived throughout Middle-earth. Rabbits were hunted for food by the peoples of Middle-earth, usually when traveling and not as butchers cuts, save for the Beornings who did not eat meat.

Radagast's sled is pulled by a strange, large breed of rabbits from Rhosgobel, called "Rhosgobel Rabbits" by the wizard, which were fast enough to outrun Wolves from Gundabad and also Wargs.

A brace of rabbits were caught by Gollum just before a force of Haradrim walked through the land with an Oliphaunt, but then are then cooked by Sam in a stew, which angered Gollum.
Phial of Galadriel

The **Phial of Galadriel** was a gift given by the Elf-queen Galadriel to Frodo Baggins as a light to use in dark places.

## History

The Phial of Galadriel was a crystal phial filled with water from her fountain which held the light of Eärendil's star - the light of the Two Trees as preserved in a Silmaril.

Frodo used the mere touch of it to ease the thought of the One Ring when he, Sam Gamgee, and Gollum were watching the Witch-king lead his army out of Minas Morgul. He also used it while entering into Mordor to defend himself from the spider Shelob. When Shelob first approached, Sam reminded him of the "star-glass" and its light drove her away. Frodo gave the light to Sam to hold while he cut through Shelob's webbing and Sam wielded it when he attacked Shelob to rescue Frodo. The star-glass shone particularly bright in response to his indomitable spirit. He used it twice to get past the Two Watchers who guarded the tower of Cirith Ungol; the second time the phial shone out lightning-bright in tribute to his hardiness and faithfulness.

Sam also attempted to use the light in the Crack of Doom but the light was subdued by the power of the heart of Sauron's realm. The light was one of the items found on him when he and Frodo were rescued by the Eagles; Gandalf kept both it and Sam's box of Earth safe while the two hobbits were being healed after their collapse on the side of Mount Doom.

The Phial of Galadriel seemed to inspire its bearers to call out to Elbereth, who is also known as Varda, as both Frodo and Sam call out in Elvish. Frodo also cries out "aiya Eärendil elenion ancalima!" the first time he uses it against Shelob. Although Frodo did not understand these words, they were in reference to Eärendil, and they translate as "hail Eärendil, brightest of stars!" from Quenya.

At the end of the Third Age, the Light of Earendil went to the Uttermost West with Frodo.
Fourth Age 185

**Fourth Age 185** (abbreviated to **Fo.A. 185** or **F.O. 185**) is the 185th year of the Sun of the Fourth Age of Middle-earth. Unless otherwise stated, Tolkien Gateway follows Shire usage in Appendix B for reckoning Fourth Age years: Fourth Age 185 was also known as **S.R. 1606** in Shire-reckoning.

Notable events in this year include:

* Harding of the Hill, Samwise Gamgee's heir, dies.
Rivers of Gondor

Gondor had many rivers, most of which were sourced from the White Mountains and flowed either into the Bay of Belfalas or into the Anduin.

There are two common lists of the **rivers of Gondor**. The rivers Anduin, Sernui, and Gilrain appear in both.

The *Seven Rivers of Gondor* were:

1. The river Lefnui
2. The river Morthond (Blackroot)
3. The river Ciril
4. The river Ringló
5. The river Gilrain, which started as two unnamed tributaries in the White Mountains, and flowed south
6. The river Sernui, (also spelled *Serni*), which began in the plains of Lebennin and met the Bay of Belfalas north of Ethir Anduin at the city of Linhir
7. The river Anduin, nearly three-hundred miles of which flowed through Gondor's territory

The *Five Rivers of Lebennin* were:

1. The river Anduin
2. The river Celos, which started in the White Mountains and became a tributary of the Sirith
3. The river Sirith, which met Anduin at Pelargir
4. The river Sernui
5. The river Gilrain

The river Poros was the effective southern border of Gondor during the later Third Age until the loss of Ithilien in TA 2901. After this the Anduin marked Gondor's eastern and southern border.
King of Cardolan

The **Kings of Cardolan** were the hereditary rulers of Cardolan, a splinter kingdom of Arnor. They ruled Cardolan for 548 years before its destruction in TA 1409.

The first king of Cardolan was the second son of Eärendur who, following his father's death in TA 861, disputed the ascension of his elder brother Amlaith to the throne and declared himself king of the independent realm of Cardolan. The exact sequence of events which led to this, the later deeds of the kings of Cardolan as well as their names remain unknown. When Argeleb I asserted his claim as King of all Arnor, Cardolan accepted this, as the line of Isildur had already failed in the Kingdom, however it is possible that Cardolan retained a vassal king or prince after this.

Presumably the last king of Cardolan died in TA 1409 — the year given for its destruction by Angmar — as what remained of his subjects were absorbed into the kingdom of Arthedain. More evidence to this theory is that in the Appendices*,* it is stated that *"...grave of the last prince of Cardolan, who fell on the war of 1409."*
Rohirric

**Rohirric**" is a name given to the language of Rohan in Middle-earth. It was described by Legolas as "rich and rolling in part, and else hard and stern as the mountains". It is derived from Old English, and most of its known words are similar:

• Théoden, from þéoden, "chief" or "lord"

• Edoras, from edoras, "courts

• Wormtongue, from wyrm, "serpent", and tunge, "tongue"

• simbelmynë, from simbel, "always", and myne, "memory"

• Éomer, from eoh, "warhorse", and mǽre, "famous"

• Éowyn, from eoh, "warhorse", and wynn, "joy"

Tolkien created Rohirric to linguistically be to Westron (the common tongue), as Old English is to Modern English. In Middle-earth Rohirric is related to the languages of men in the north such as Dale, Esgaroth, and Rhovanion. Hobbitish (sub-dialect of Westron) bears much in common with Rohirric, as hobbits once dwelt in the same region as the ancestors of the Rohirrim. An example of this is the Rohirric word for hobbit (kûd-dûkan) and the hobbits' name for themselves, *kuduk*.
Lobelia Sackville-Baggins

**Lobelia Sackville-Baggins** (née **Bracegirdle**) was the wife of Otho Sackville-Baggins and Lotho Sackville-Baggins. She was also a cousin of Bilbo distantly through Bilbo's great aunt (and Lobelia's grandmother) Lavender Grubb, as well as his cousin in law

Lobelia was a member of the Bracegirdle and the Sackville-Baggins family.
King under the Mountain

The **King under the Mountain,** also called the **King of Erebor,** was the hereditary title of the Dwarven ruler who resided at the Lonely Mountain. The King under the Mountain was also by right the King of Durin's Folk.

In *The Hobbit*, the dragon Smaug was held to be the only "king" of Erebor. Thorin II Oakenshield was the rightful King under the Mountain.
Revion

**Revion** was the Watchwarden of the Silvan Elves stationed in the Southlands in the Second Age.

## Biography

Revion led a number of his people in occupying part of the Southlands, for its inhabitants had once sided with Morgoth. When Gil-galad declared the days of war to be over, Revion accordingly instructed those under his command to leave. He soon thereafter came to the watchtower of Ostirith where he spoke to Arondir, expressing the belief that the people of the Southlands' had not changed since supporting Morgoth.