现有建筑物的照明控制

## <font color="#0000FF">EE107: Lighting Controls for Existing Buildings

现有建筑的照明控制

**以下内容由116-李晟翻译**

### <font color="#0000FF">EDUCATION CREDIT（教育学分）

At the end of this course, participants will be able to complete an online exam, with a passing grade of 70+% to qualify for LEU (NCQLP) credit and 80+% for LU/HSW hours (AIA/CES). Upon a passing grade, you will be able to download a Certificate of Completion for each type of credits. For LC certification maintenance (LEUs), credits are self-reported. For AIA /CES, Lighting Controls Association will report credit earned for this course to AIA CES.

在本课程结束时，参与者将能够完成在线考试，合格分数为70 +％可以取得LEU（NCQLP）积分，合格分数为80 +％可以获得LU / HSW时数（AIA / CES）。达到及格分数后，您将可以下载每种学分的结业证书。对于LC认证维护（LEU），信用是自我报告的。对于AIA / CES，照明控制协会将向该课程报告该课程所获得的学分。

NO ENDORSEMENT BY ACCREDITING ORGANIZATIONS（没有认可组织的认可）
This course is registered with NCQLP and AIA CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by these organizations of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.

本课程已在NCQLP和AIA CES上注册，可以继续专业教育。因此，它不包括可能被这些组织视为或解释为对任何结构材料或任何处理，使用，分发或处理任何材料或产品的方法或方式的认可或认可的内容。

### <font color="#0000FF">COPYRIGHT(版权)

This presentation is protected by US and International copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission of the Lighting Controls Association is prohibited.

本演示文稿受美国和国际版权法保护。未经照明控制协会的书面许可，严禁复制，分发，展示和使用演示文稿。

###  DISCLAIMER （免责声明）

The information contained in this course has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable. Damages arising from errors, omissions or damages as a result of the use or misuse of the data or information contained in this course are not the responsibility of the Lighting Controls Association, National Electrical Manufacturers Association, ZING Communications, Inc. or their employees or members. All information contained in this course is published for professionals seeking information about the subjects contained therein. It is not the intent of this course provide professional services such as design, engineering or consulting. If these services are sought, they should be rendered by properly trained, registered, regulated and insured professionals.

本课程中包含的信息是从公认的可靠来源获得的。由于使用或滥用本课程中包含的数据或信息而导致的错误，遗漏或损坏所造成的损坏，照明控制协会，美国国家电气制造商协会，ZING Communications，Inc.或其员工或成员不承担任何责任。本课程中包含的所有信息均发布给专业人士，以寻求有关课程中所包含主题的信息。本课程的目的不是提供设计，工程或咨询等专业服务。如果需要这些服务，则应由经过适当培训，注册，监管和参保的专业人员提供。

###  COURSE DESCRIPTION （课程说明）

Upgrading lighting systems to next-generation lighting technologies can deliver significant energy cost savings while maintaining or improving lighting quality.

将照明系统升级到下一代照明技术可以节省大量能源，同时保持或改善照明质量。

By incorporating advanced lighting controls into a lighting upgrade, building owners can generate additional average energy savings of 24-38%, maximize the value of the upgrade investment in labor, and convert lighting into a managed building asset.

通过将高级照明控制纳入照明升级中，建筑物所有者可以平均节省24-38％的能源，使升级后的劳动力投资价值最大化，并将照明转化为托管建筑资产。

Introducing the benefits of advanced lighting controls to an existing building involves collecting information about the application, identifying appropriate control strategies, and determining equipment choices given physical and economic limitations.

向现有建筑物引入高级照明控制的好处包括：收集有关应用程序的信息，确定适当的控制策略并在给定物理和经济限制的情况下确定设备的选择。

This Education Express course introduces lighting control strategies suitable for existing buildings. It outlines energy code obligations, identifies rebate opportunities, and provides application guidance. This course assumes the student already understands the basics of the lighting upgrade process, including auditing, economic analysis, etc.
该教育快线课程介绍适用于现有建筑物的照明控制策略。它概述了能源法规义务，确定了回扣机会，并提供了应用指南。本课程假定学生已经了解照明升级过程的基础知识，包括审核，经济分析等。
Image courtesy of WattStoppert图片来自于WattStipprt

LEARNING OBJECTIVES At the end of this course, participants will be able to: (学习目标在本课程结束时，参与者将能够：

Match lighting control strategies with existing building applications使照明控制策略与现有建筑应用相匹配

Select an appropriate wiring method for connecting control devices选择合适的接线方式来连接控制设备

Determine control-related energy code requirements applicable to retrofits 确定适用于改造的与控制相关的能源法规要求

Determine an appropriate method to estimate energy savings 确定合适的方法来估算节能量

###  THE OPPORTUNITY（机会）

The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that 70% of lamps in existing commercial buildings are not controlled by a manual dimmer or automatic light reduction or shutoff device, presenting a major opportunity to save energy.

美国能源部估计，现有商业建筑中70％的灯不受手动调光器或自动减光或关闭装置的控制，这是节省能源的主要机会。
Prevalence of lighting controls by sector:

按部门划分的照明控制普及率：

Prevalence of lighting controls in the commercial sector by building type:
按建筑物类型划分的商业照明控制的普及程度：

CONTROL STRATEGIES: DEFINITION9（控制策略：定义）

Images courtesy of OSRAM Encelium 图片来自于OSRAM Encelium

 时间调度

 日光采集

 任务调整和手动控制

 组合策略：LBNL估计平均照明节能38%

### CONTROL STRATEGIES: APPLICATIONS（控制设备：应用）

    ​​​​​​

 时间调度

 日光采集

 任务调整和手动控制

### Images courtesy of WattStopper, Eaton, Leviton and Lutron 图片来自于WattStopper, Eaton, Leviton and Lutron​​​​​​​​​​​​​​

安装在墙壁开关、天花板、高墙/角落、任务或灯具上
自动开启，自动开启至50%，手动开启
开关或调光输出
可调光镇流器/驱动器（调光）
 时间调度
智能低压继电器屏
可控断路器面板
开关或调光输出
 日光采集
开、闭或双回路
安装在天花板、墙壁或灯具上
开关或调光输出
 任务调整和手动控制
手动线路电压调光器
手动低压调光器
集成预置调光器
可调光镇流器/驱动器

​​​​​

### WIRING: LINE VOLTAGE（接线：接线电压）

The primary challenge to incorporating energy-saving lighting controls in existing buildings is physical limitations imposed on installing new wiring.

在现有建筑物中纳入节能照明控制的主要挑战是安装新布线时的物理限制。

When existing wiring must be used, a good first step is to install wall-switch replacement controls, such as occupancy sensors; upgrade thepanelboard; and use powerline carrier technologies such as line-voltage dimming ballasts. Some control systems feature a single line-voltageconductor as a communication bus, simplifying wiring installation.

当必须使用现有的布线时，一个好的第一步是安装墙壁开关更换控件，例如占用传感器。升级面板；并使用电力线载波技术，例如线电压调光镇流器。一些控制系统将单根线电压导体用作通信总线，从而简化了布线安装。

Image courtesy of WattStopper 图片来自于WattStopper

### WIRING: LUMINAIRE-BASED CONTROLS（接线：基于灯具的控制）

Another option is to replace existing luminaires with luminaires featuring onboard controls. For example, bilevel luminaires with integral occupancy sensors can be installed in stairwells, parking garages and outdoor applications such as perimeter and area lighting.

另一种选择是用具有板载控件的照明设备代替现有的照明设备。例如，带有集成式占用传感器的双层照明器可以安装在楼梯间，停车场和室外应用（例如外围照明和区域照明）中。

Image courtesy of the U.S. Department of Energy 图片来自于 U.S. Department of Energy

### WIRING: RF WIRELESS（接线：RF无线）

Alternately, lighting control strategies can be implemented using radio-frequency (RF) wireless devices. These devices communicate using radio waves instead of wiring, eliminating communication wiring.
此外，可以使用射频（RF）无线设备来实现照明控制策略。这些设备使用无线电波代替布线进行通信，从而消除了通信布线。
A typical solution consists of an input device (switch, occupancy sensor or photosensor) with an embedded transmitter and an actuator, which controls the load and is typically installed in the luminaire or in a junction box. The input device may be powered by an internal batter or by harvesting energy (based on EnOcean`s technology) from ambient light, temperature differential or mechanical energy produced by flipping a switch.
一个典型的解决方案由一个输入设备（开关，占用传感器或光电传感器），一个嵌入式发射器和一个执行器组成，该执行器控制负载，通常安装在照明设备或接线盒中。输入设备可以通过内部电池或通过从环境光，温差或通过翻转开关产生的机械能中收集能量（基于EnOcean的技术）来供电。

Image courtesy of Leviton 图片来自于 Leviton

### WIRING: RF WIRELESS（接线：RF无线）

RF wireless lighting control networks typically use a self-healing mesh or star topology. In a self-healing mesh network (example shown below), data flows between devices to communicate between a gateway and a given control point. If a device fails, the signal flow automatically reroutes through other devices (“self healing”), which increases reliability.

RF无线照明控制网络通常使用自愈网或星形拓扑。在自愈式网状网络（如下所示的示例）中，数据在设备之间流动以在网关和给定的控制点之间进行通信。如果设备发生故障，信号流会自动重新路由到其他设备（“自我修复”），从而提高了可靠性。

In a star topology, signals from all wireless devices are transmitted directly to and from a series of gateways that form the backbone of the network.The relatively low signal traffic volume may increase reliability and speed.

在星形拓扑中，来自所有无线设备的信号直接与构成网络主干的一系列网关之间进行直接传输。相对较低的信号业务量可以提高可靠性和速度。

Image courtesy of Leviton 图片来自于 Leviton

### WIRING: RF WIRELESS（接线：RF无线）

Availability: Some manufacturers have developed niche solutions around specific applications such as parking garages, outdoor lighting, hotel card switches, plug-load controls and others. Some specialize in indoor versus outdoor lighting. As the technology continues to develop and gain acceptance, manufacturers are expected to begin to increasingly offer one-stop shopping covering a wide range of indoor and outdoor applications. Leading this trend are LED luminaire manufacturers that have begun to offer complete systems featuring luminaires with integral wireless control.

可用性：一些制造商已针对特定应用开发了利基解决方案，例如停车场，室外照明，酒店卡开关，插头负载控制等。有些专门研究室内和室外照明。随着技术的不断发展和获得认可，制造商有望开始越来越多地提供涵盖广泛的室内和室外应用的一站式购物服务。引领这一趋势的是LED灯具制造商，它们已开始提供具有集成无线控制功能的完整灯具系统。

Scalability: Wireless devices can be tied together to form a network for control of lighting in large rooms and even buildings. Each control device is individually addressable in the network, allowing group and potentially individual luminaire control. Solutions can be scaled from single rooms to entire buildings, with building-level control achieved by connecting rooms to a building network via wireless access points with a software interface.Because communication is two-way, the potential exists for energy measurement and power monitoring. In fact, many systems now include actuators and/or control modules that feature a Hall Effect sensor, which senses current and allows generation of current, voltage, energy, kVAh, lamp burn time and other parameters for retrieval and analysis.

可扩展性：无线设备可以捆绑在一起形成一个网络，用于控制大型房间甚至建筑物内的照明。每个控制设备都可以在网络中单独寻址，从而可以进行组以及潜在的单个灯具控制。解决方案可以从单个房间扩展到整个建筑物，并通过具有软件界面的无线接入点将房间连接到建筑物网络来实现建筑物级别的控制。由于通信是双向的，因此存在能量测量和功率监控的潜力。实际上，许多系统现在都包括具有霍尔效应传感器的执行器和/或控制模块，该传感器可感应电流并允许产生电流，电压，能量，kVAh，灯的燃烧时间和其他参数以供检索和分析。

Integration: For devices to communicate, they require design in accordance with a common protocol. Popular protocols include ZigBee, Xbee, EnOcean, Bluetooth, Bluetooth LE and the Synapse Network Appliance Protocol (SNAP). A number of systems are also offered that use proprietary protocols, many of which are similar to ZigBee. The wireless controls can be integrated with wired lighting and building automation systems using either gateways (for translating from one protocol to another) or by sharing a common protocol.

集成：为了使设备进行通信，它们需要按照通用协议进行设计。流行的协议包括ZigBee，Xbee，EnOcean，Bluetooth，Bluetooth LE和Synapse网络设备协议（SNAP）。还提供了许多使用专有协议的系统，其中许多类似于ZigBee。可以使用网关（用于从一种协议转换为另一种协议）或通过共享通用协议，将无线控件与有线照明和楼宇自动化系统集成在一起。

### WIRING: RF WIRELESS（接线：RF无线）

During setup, all devices are discovered and added to a programmable network, where they’re grouped and given assignments. Setup methods vary by manufacturer and include pushbutton programming, bar code scanning, mobile app setup, database generation and others.

在设置过程中，将发现所有设备并将其添加到可编程网络中，在此对它们进行分组并指定分配。设置方法因制造商而异，包括按钮编程，条形码扫描，移动应用设置，数据库生成等。

Image courtesy of Cree, Inc. 图片来自于Cree, Inc

**以下内容由213-李秋艳翻译**

### WIRING: LOW VOLTAGE（接线：低电压）

When new wiring can be introduced—either within an accessible ceiling or within raceway surfacemounted
on an inaccessible ceiling—low-voltage wiring can connect devices within local systems and to a central point for building lighting control.

当可以引入新的布线时，无论是在易接近的天花板内还是表面安装在难以接近的天花板上的管道内，低压布线都可以将本地系统内的设备连接到建筑物照明控制的中心点。

Using a digital architecture, a single low-voltage wiring bus can be used to connect intelligent devices implementing multiple strategies. Zoning and rezoning is implemented based on software, and zoning can be as small as individual luminaires. The controls can be calibrated remotely, and the devices can report information about energy consumption and operating status to a central control point.

使用数字架构，单个低压布线总线可用于连接实现多种策略的智能设备。分区和重新分区是基于软件实现的，分区可以和单个灯具一样小。这些控件可以进行远程校准，并且设备可以将有关能耗和运行状态的信息报告给中央控制点。

Image courtesy of WattStopper 图片来自于WattStopper

### MATCHING CONTROLS TO APPLICATION（匹配控制到应用程序）

Matching control strategies and equipment to the application involves defining the existing lighting and space, finding opportunities for lightingcontrols, and aligning these choices with the owner project requirements.
将控制策略和设备与应用程序进行匹配需要定义现有的照明和空间，寻找照明控制的机会，并使这些选择与所有者项目的要求保持一致。

Image courtesy of WattStopper 图片来自于WattStopper

 ●照明负荷
●照明电路
●现有照明条件
●现有照明控制
●现有建筑系统
●占用模式
●空间大小
●控制和接线的限制，如通风室通道
●可预测占用率（时间控制）
●充足的日光（采光）
●需要灵活性（手动控制）
●回扣的可用性
●预算
●预期节能回报
●能源规范，LEED
●编程、设置、特殊功能、制造商、保修

### COMPATIBILITY（兼容性）

To achieve success with a lighting and control upgrade, it’s critical that all components are compatible. For
lighting controls, this requires devices that are designed to operate according to a common control method (e.g., 0-10V dimming) or protocol. When a method is used instead of a protocol, results may vary by manufacturer—for example, a dim setting of 20% may look different on one manufacturer’s dimming ballast versus another manufacturer’s. For this reason it’s recommended to utilize the same brand and type of dimming ballast/driver in a load controlled by a single controller.

为了成功实现照明和控制升级，所有组件都必须兼容。对于照明控制，这需要设计为根据通用控制方法（例如0-10V调光）或协议进行操作的设备。当使用一种方法代替协议时，结果可能因制造商而异，例如，一个制造商的调光镇流器与另一制造商的调光镇流器的20％暗淡设置可能看起来有所不同。因此，建议在由单个控制器控制的负载中使用相同品牌和类型的调光镇流器/驱动器。

Additionally, if the load will be connected to a dimming controller, ensure it is dimmable. This may require looking at lamps and luminaires in a space. Existing fluorescent luminaires, for example, typically do not contain dimming ballasts. If the lamps are instant-start, which are operated with shunted sockets, the sockets may need to be replaced with non-shunted sockets. The lamps themselves should also be dimmable.

另外，如果将负载连接到调光控制器，请确保它是可调光的。这可能需要查看空间中的灯和照明器。例如，现有的荧光灯通常不包含调光镇流器。如果灯泡是即时启动的，且使用分流式插座操作，则可能需要用非分流式插座更换插座。灯本身也应该是可调光的。

### ENERGY CODES AND RETROFITS（能源编码和改进）

===A majority of commercial building energy codes require that if a lighting control device is replaced, the new device must comply with the lighting control requirements of the code.
大多数商业建筑能源法规要求，如果更换照明控制设备，则新设备必须符合该法规的照明控制要求。===

Energy codes based on ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2010 and -2013 (the national energy reference standard) require compliance with automatic shutoff lighting control requirements if 10% or more of the connected lighting load is replaced as part of a lamp-plus-ballast or luminaire-replacement retrofit.

如果将10％或更多的连接照明负载作为灯加镇流器的一部分进行了替换，则基于ASHRAE / IES标准90.1-2010和-2013（国家能源参考标准）的能源法规要求遵守自动关闭照明控制要求。或灯具更换翻新。如果将10％或更多的连接照明负载作为灯加镇流器的一部分进行了替换，则基于ASHRAE / IES标准90.1-2010和-2013（国家能源参考标准）的能源法规要求遵守自动关闭照明控制要求。或灯具更换翻新。

Check with your local code to see what requirements apply to your project.

检查您的本地代码，以了解哪些要求适用于您的项目.

Image courtesy of ASHRAE 图片来自于 ASHRAE

### UTILITY REBATES(实用程序回扣）

Utilities offer rebates and incentive programs to encourage adoption of advanced energy-saving lighting and controls for both new and existing construction projects. According to BriteSwitch, LLC, 70% of the United States is now covered by active lighting control rebates and incentives, with the majority of rebates targeted to existing building projects. These rebates can cover anywhere from five to 100% of a lighting project’s equipment and labor cost, with an average improvement in simple payback of about 20-25%. A list of rebates and other incentives can be found at www.DSireusa.org.

公用事业提供回扣和激励计划，以鼓励对新的和现有的建筑项目采用先进的节能照明和控制。根据BriteSwitch，LLC的数据，美国现在有70％的地区获得了有效的照明控制折扣和激励措施，其中大部分折扣都针对现有的建筑项目。这些回扣可以覆盖照明项目设备和人工成本的5％到100％，简单的投资回收率平均可提高20-25％。可以在www.DSireusa.org上找到回扣和其他激励措施清单。
Image courtesy of DSireusa.org

### UTILITY REBATES（实用程序回扣）

The most popular prescriptive rebates for lighting controls cover occupancy sensors (remote, wallbox and high-bay luminaire mounted), photosensors and daylight harvesting dimming systems. Some of the rebate dollars are fairly high, making investments in some solutions—such as luminairemounted occupancy sensors installed as part of a retrofit from metal halide high-bays to T5HO high-bays—attractive due to a minimal cost adder.

最受欢迎的照明控制规定性折扣包括占用传感器（安装在远程，壁装箱和高棚灯具上），光电传感器和日光采集调光系统。返利中的一些钱相当高，在某些解决方案上进行了投资，例如从金属卤化物高架到T5HO高架的改造中安装的安装在照明器上的占用传感器，由于增加了最低的成本，因此很有吸引力。

Image courtesy of Cree, Inc. 图片来自于Cree, Inc

### UTILITY REBATES（实用程序回扣）

The majority of rebate programs require application and pre-approval prior to installation.
Ensure the paperwork is done correctly to avoid delays. Check with the utility that funding will be sufficient to ensure promised rebates will be delivered. Before making the application, become educated about detailed program requirements such as design specifics, pre-approval requirements, inspections, expiration dates, rebate minimums and so on. For example, the rebate program may require a certain number of luminaires or watts be controlled by the control device. According to BriteSwitch, it takes an average 120 days to get a rebate check from a rebate provider after installation is complete.
大多数折扣计划都需要在安装之前进行应用程序和预先批准。确保正确完成文书工作以避免延误。与公用事业公司核实，资金将足以确保兑现承诺的回扣。在进行申请之前，请接受有关详细程序要求的教育，例如设计细节，预批准要求，检查，有效期，最低折扣等。例如，折扣程序可能需要控制设备控制一定数量的照明器或瓦数。根据BriteSwitch的说法，安装完成后，平均需要120天才能从折扣提供者处获得折扣检查。

Image courtesy of Cree, Inc. 图片来自于Cree, Inc

### ESTIMATING ENERGY SAVINGS（估算节能量）

While estimating energy savings from replacing lamps and ballasts is fairly straightforward, lighting control
savings are often variable based on the application. Occupant behavior, building design, site orientation, availability of daylight, device settings and level of commissioning all can impact actual energy savings.

虽然估算更换灯泡和镇流器所节省的能源非常简单，但是照明控制的节省通常根据应用情况而有所不同。乘员的行为，建筑设计，场地朝向，日光可用性，设备设置和调试水平都可能影响实际的节能效果。

Energy savings for scheduled automatic shutoff (shown right), and institutional task tuning, in which the facility operator establishes a fixed maximum light/power level for each space, may be fairly easy to predict as the outcomes are somewhat fixed. Other strategies, however, may prove problematic.

预定的自动关闭（如右图所示）和机构任务调整（其中设施操作员为每个空间确定一个固定的最大光/功率水平）的节能效果可能相当容易预测，因为结果有些固定。但是，其他策略可能会出现问题。

Image courtesy of OSRAM Encelium 图片来自于OSRAM Encelium

### ESTIMATING ENERGY SAVINGS（估算节能量）

Image courtesy of OSRAM Encelium 图片来自于OSRAM Encelium

There are several options for estimating lighting control energy savings, including:
估算照明控制的节能量有几种选择，包括：
Trial installation, which would involve a partial installation in a typical space to generate data suggestive of typical savings.
试用安装，这将涉及在典型空间中进行部分安装以生成表明典型节省的数据。
Professional experience, advice or evaluation of the application.
专业经验，建议或对应用程序的评估。
Manufacturer experience based on case studies.
基于案例研究的制造商经验。
Studies such as the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory’s estimate of average lighting control energy savings.
诸如劳伦斯·伯克利国家实验室（Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory）对平均照明控制节能量的估算之类的研究。
Table 9.6.2 in ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2010, which lists advanced control options and power adjustment credits (e.g., 0.20 credit would be interpreted as typical 20% energy savings).
ASHRAE / IES 90.1-2010中的表9.6.2，列出了高级控制选项和功率调整信用（例如，0.20信用将被解释为典型的20％的节能量）。

### ESTIMATING ENERGY SAVINGS（估算节能量）    ​​​​​​​

Image courtesy of Schneider Electric 图片来自于Schneider Electric

Of the previous options, a trial installation is often recommended. Data loggers are available that measure occupancy and may also measure lighting energy consumption, useful for determining an appropriate automatic shutoff strategy. The resulting data can be used to determine whether a time- or occupancy-based automatic shutoff control strategy would be appropriate and to analyze the economic opportunity.

在以前的选项中，通常建议尝试安装。可以使用数据记录器来测量占用率，还可以测量照明能耗，这对于确定适当的自动关闭策略很有用。所得数据可用于确定基于时间或占用率的自动关闭控制策略是否合适，并用于分析经济机会。

### COMMISSIONING（调试）

Image courtesy of Schneider Electric 图片来自于Schneider Electric

The energy savings potential for lighting controls is best realized if the equipment is properly commissioned. A 2012 Energy Center of Wisconsin study found that after recommissioning daylight harvesting lighting controls in 20 office and public spaces, median lighting and associated HVAC energy savings approximately doubled from 23 to 43%.

如果正确调试设备，则可以最佳地实现照明控制的节能潜力。威斯康星州2012年能源中心的一项研究发现，在重新启用20个办公室和公共场所的采光控制器后，中位照明和相关的HVAC节能量大约翻了一番，从23％增至43％。

At a minimum, commissioning includes a written controls narrative describing functionality, setup, verification that controls are properly installed, and functional testing. The owner should also be trained on the proper use of the controls, and occupants should be explained the purpose and use of the controls.

调试至少应包括描述功能，设置，控件正确安装的验证以及功能测试的书面控件说明。所有者还应接受有关如何正确使用控件的培训，并应向占用者说明控件的用途和用法。

### YOU’RE FINISHED（你完成了）

This concludes The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems Course EE107: Lighting Controls for Existing Buildings.

美国建筑师协会持续教育系统课程EE107：现有建筑物的照明控制。

Please take a moment to provide feedback about your experience with this course.

请花一点时间提供有关您对本课程的体验的反馈。

You may also take the Comprehension Test to test your learning and to qualify for LEU (NCQLP LC) and LU/HSW (AIA CES) credit. A 70+% passing grade is required for LEU credit and 80+% for AIA CES credit. Upon passing the test, you may download a Certificate of Completion on the Coursespage. If you are an AIA member, please email your course completion certificate to LCA with your AIA number.

您也可以参加理解测验，以测试您的学习并获得LEU（NCQLP LC）和LU / HSW（AIA CES）学分。LEU信用要求达到70 +％的通过等级，AIA CES信用要求达到80 +％的通过等级。通过考试后，您可以在“课程”页面上下载结业证书。如果您是AIA会员，请通过电子邮件将您的课程结业证书和AIA号码发送给LCA。