(1892) Temeraire Class - LB

-- Overview --

Class of three ships Temeraire, Ulm, and Jean Bart. Lain down January 1892, and completed October 1893. Significantly increase belt (14") and deck (1.25") armor over previous designs. Tertiary battery upgraded with 9cm/45 caliber model 1892 weapons.

-- Design --

Temeraire Class, Celtica BB laid down 1892

Displacement:

   10,478 t light; 11,100 t standard; 11,997 t normal; 12,715 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)

   (360.00 ft / 360.00 ft) x 72.00 ft x (27.00 / 28.33 ft)

   (109.73 m / 109.73 m) x 21.95 m  x (8.23 / 8.63 m)

Armament:

     4 - 12.99" / 330 mm 35.0 cal guns - 1,100.00lbs / 498.95kg shells, 60 per gun

     Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1887 Model

     2 x 2-gun mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread

     12 - 7.48" / 190 mm 40.0 cal guns - 200.00lbs / 90.72kg shells, 150 per gun

     Breech loading guns in casemate mounts, 1888 Model

     12 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread

       12 hull mounts in casemates- Limited use in all but light seas

     12 - 3.54" / 90.0 mm 45.0 cal guns - 20.00lbs / 9.07kg shells, 250 per gun

     Quick firing guns in deck mounts, 1892 Model

     12 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread

     4 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm 50.0 cal guns - 2.01lbs / 0.91kg shells, 400 per gun

     Quick firing guns in deck mounts, 1892 Model

     4 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread

       4 raised mounts

     Weight of broadside 7,048 lbs / 3,197 kg

     Main Torpedoes

     4 - 17.7" / 450 mm, 13.12 ft / 4.00 m torpedoes - 0.353 t each, 1.413 t total

   submerged side tubes

Armour:

  - Belts:        Width (max)    Length (avg)        Height (avg)

   Main:    14.0" / 356 mm    216.00 ft / 65.84 m    9.50 ft / 2.90 m

   Ends:    6.00" / 152 mm    144.00 ft / 43.89 m    9.50 ft / 2.90 m

   Upper:    6.00" / 152 mm    216.00 ft / 65.84 m    7.50 ft / 2.29 m

     Main Belt covers 92 % of normal length

  - Torpedo Bulkhead - Strengthened structural bulkheads:

       1.00" / 25 mm    216.00 ft / 65.84 m    25.00 ft / 7.62 m

   Beam between torpedo bulkheads 65.00 ft / 19.81 m

  - Gun armour:    Face (max)    Other gunhouse (avg)    Barbette/hoist (max)

   Main:    14.0" / 356 mm    8.00" / 203 mm        11.6" / 295 mm

   2nd:    5.00" / 127 mm    1.25" / 32 mm        1.25" / 32 mm

   3rd:    1.25" / 32 mm    0.50" / 13 mm              -

  - Protected deck - multiple decks:

   For and Aft decks: 3.05" / 77 mm

   Forecastle: 1.30" / 33 mm  Quarter deck: 1.30" / 33 mm

  - Conning towers: Forward 13.00" / 330 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:

   Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,

   Direct drive, 2 shafts, 10,411 ihp / 7,766 Kw = 17.00 kts

   Range 5,097nm at 10.00 kts

   Bunker at max displacement = 1,616 tons (100% coal)

Complement:

   573 - 745

Cost:

   £1.031 million / $4.125 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:

   Armament: 1,028 tons, 8.6 %

      - Guns: 1,026 tons, 8.5 %

      - Weapons: 3 tons, 0.0 %

   Armour: 4,390 tons, 36.6 %

      - Belts: 2,092 tons, 17.4 %

      - Torpedo bulkhead: 200 tons, 1.7 %

      - Armament: 1,015 tons, 8.5 %

      - Armour Deck: 936 tons, 7.8 %

      - Conning Tower: 147 tons, 1.2 %

   Machinery: 1,859 tons, 15.5 %

   Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,201 tons, 26.7 %

   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,519 tons, 12.7 %

   Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:

   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):

     14,257 lbs / 6,467 Kg = 13.0 x 13.0 " / 330 mm shells or 9.3 torpedoes

   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.38

   Metacentric height 5.4 ft / 1.6 m

   Roll period: 13.0 seconds

   Steadiness    - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %

           - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.52

   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.42

Hull form characteristics:

   Hull has low quarterdeck ,

     a normal bow and a cruiser stern

   Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.600 / 0.606

   Length to Beam Ratio: 5.00 : 1

   'Natural speed' for length: 18.97 kts

   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 49 %

   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50

   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees

   Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m

   Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):

               Fore end,     Aft end

      - Forecastle:    20.00 %,  15.00 ft / 4.57 m,  15.00 ft / 4.57 m

      - Forward deck:    30.00 %,  15.00 ft / 4.57 m,  15.00 ft / 4.57 m

      - Aft deck:    30.00 %,  15.00 ft / 4.57 m,  15.00 ft / 4.57 m

      - Quarter deck:    20.00 %,  7.50 ft / 2.29 m,  7.50 ft / 2.29 m

      - Average freeboard:        13.50 ft / 4.11 m

   Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:

   Space    - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 91.6 %

       - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 94.5 %

   Waterplane Area: 18,957 Square feet or 1,761 Square metres

   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 100 %

   Structure weight / hull surface area: 145 lbs/sq ft or 710 Kg/sq metre

   Hull strength (Relative):

       - Cross-sectional: 0.89

       - Longitudinal: 2.68

       - Overall: 1.00

   Adequate machinery, storage, compartmentation space

   Adequate accommodation and workspace room

   Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform

   Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

Armament:

33cm/35 model 1887

19cm/40 model 1892

9cm/45 model 1892

4cm/50 model 1892

45cm/4 model 1892

Armor:

Main belt extends 2' below waterline

1.25" protected deck & slopes plus 1.25" battery and 0.5" upper

Main barbette 14" above battery 8" below