1830

Events from the year **1830 in the United States**.

Governors
* Governor of Alabama: Gabriel Moore (Democratic)
* Governor of Connecticut: Gideon Tomlinson (Democratic-Republican)
* Governor of Delaware: Charles Polk Jr. (Federalist) (until January 19), David Hazzard (National Republican) (starting January 19)
* Governor of Georgia: George R. Gilmer (Democratic-Republican)
* Governor of Illinois: Ninian Edwards (Democratic-Republican) (until December 6), John Reynolds (Democratic) (starting December 6)
* Governor of Indiana: James B. Ray (Independent)
* Governor of Kentucky: Thomas Metcalfe (National Republican)
* Governor of Louisiana: Armand Julie Beauvais (National Republican) (until January 14), Jacques Dupré (National Republican) (starting January 14)
* Governor of Maine:
	+ until January 6: Nathan Cutler (Democratic)
	+ January 6-February 9: Joshua Hall (Democratic)
	+ starting February 9: Jonathan G. Hunton (National Republican)
* Governor of Maryland: Daniel Martin (National Republican) (until January 15), Thomas King Carroll (Democratic) (starting January 15)
* Governor of Massachusetts: Levi Lincoln Jr. (National Republican)
* Governor of Mississippi: Gerard Brandon (Democratic)
* Governor of Missouri: John Miller (Democratic)
* Governor of New Hampshire: Benjamin Pierce (Democratic) (until June 3), Matthew Harvey (Democratic) (starting June 3)
* Governor of New Jersey: Peter Dumont Vroom (Democratic)
* Governor of New York: Enos T. Throop (Democratic)
* Governor of North Carolina: John Owen (Democratic) (until December 18), Montfort Stokes (Democratic) (starting December 18)
* Governor of Ohio: Allen Trimble (Federalist) (until December 18), Duncan McArthur (National Republican) (starting December 18)
* Governor of Pennsylvania: George Wolf (Democratic-Republican)
* Governor of Rhode Island: James Fenner (Democratic-Republican)
* Governor of South Carolina: Stephen Decatur Miller (Democratic) (until December 9), James Hamilton Jr. (Democratic) (starting December 9)
* Governor of Tennessee: William Carroll (Democratic)
* Governor of Vermont: Samuel C. Crafts (National Republican)
* Governor of Virginia: William Branch Giles (Democratic) (until March 4), John Floyd (Democratic) (starting March 4)

Lieutenant Governors
* Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut: Samuel Peters (National Republican)
* Lieutenant Governor of Illinois: William Kinney (Democratic-Republican) (until December 9), Zadok Casey (Democratic) (starting December 9)
* Lieutenant Governor of Indiana: Milton Stapp (Independent)
* Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky: John Breathitt (Democratic)
* Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts: Thomas L. Winthrop (Democratic-Republican)
* Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi: Abram M. Scott (Democratic)
* Lieutenant Governor of Missouri: Daniel Dunklin (Democratic)
* Lieutenant Governor of New York: Edward Philip Livingston (Democratic)
* Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island: Charles Collins (political party unknown)
* Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina: Thomas Williams (Democratic) (until December 9), Patrick Noble (Democratic) (starting December 9)
* Lieutenant Governor of Vermont: Henry Olin (Democratic-Republican) (until month and day unknown), Mark Richards (National Republican) (starting month and day unknown)

## Events

* January 11 – LaGrange College (now the University of North Alabama) opens, becoming the first publicly chartered college in Alabama.
* January 12 – Robert Y. Hayne of South Carolina debates the question of states' rights vs. federal authority with Daniel Webster of Massachusetts in the United States Congress.
* March 12 – *Craig vs. Missouri*: The United States Supreme Court rules that state loan certificates are unconstitutional.
* May 24 – Sarah Josepha Hale's nursery rhyme "Mary Had a Little Lamb" is published in Boston.
* May 28 – U.S. congress passes the Indian Removal Act.
* September 27 – Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek with Choctaw nation. (First removal treaty signed after the Removal Act)

## Memoriam

* January 17 – Elizabeth Willing Powel, socialite and Patriot (aged 86; Philadelphia, PA, USA)
* February 1 – Thomas W. Cobb, U.S. Senator from Georgia from 1824 to 1828 (aged 46; Greensboro, GA, USA)
* March 27 – John Tod, judge and politician (aged 51; Bedford, PA, USA)
* June 25 – Ephraim McDowell, physician and pioneer surgeon (aged 58; Danville, KY, USA)
* July 2 – Robert H. Adams, U.S. Senator from Mississippi in 1830 (aged 38; Natchez, MS, USA)
* August 6 – David Walker, African American abolitionist and writer (aged 33; Boston, MA, USA)
* August 9 – James Armistead Lafayette, African American slave, Continental Army double agent (aged 81; Baltimore, MD, USA)
* September 24 – Elizabeth Monroe, First Lady of the United States as wife of James Monroe (aged 62; Aldie, VA, USA)
* October 14 – John McLean, U.S. Senator from Illinois from 1824 to 1825 and from 1829 to 1830 (aged 39; Shawneetown, IL, USA)
* December 9 – Stephen R. Bradley, U.S. Senator from Vermont from 1791 to 1795 and from 1801 to 1813 (aged 76; Walpole, NH, USA)