Ligne 63 KV - (Enval - Saint-Sauves)

## Présentation :

### Nombre de pylônes:

299 pylônes : 257 à 3 triangles, 24 portiques bois, 17 nappes et 1 pylône à 2 triangles

## Détails:

### Date de suppression:

La ligne 63 KV Enval - Saint-Sauves est une ligne à haute tension reliant Saint-Sauves d'Auvergne à l'agglomération de Clermont-Ferrand. Elle sert à l'alimentation électrique du pays de Sancy et notamment les stations thermales du Mont-Dore et de La Bourboule.

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class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EEnval\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Enval\n","link":"","lat":45.76479119914355,"lon":2.9985391821630136,"icon":""},{"text":"\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESaint-Sauves\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Saint-Sauves\n","link":"","lat":45.61121248007353,"lon":2.6872993233159104,"icon":""}]}
## Historique :

Cette ligne est un tronçon d'une ancienne liaison 70 000 volts à 2 ternes construite en 1927 et longue de 70 km. Elle fut réalisée par la CHEA (Compagnie Hydro-Electrique d'Auvergne) pour alimenter Clermont-Ferrand depuis la centrale de Val-Beneyte, située en Corrèze à la confluence de la Dordogne et la Diège. Elle était équipée d'isolateurs rigides orientés vers le haut.

Elle entraîna la création du premier poste électrique d'Enval (70 KV / 36KV) , construit au pied du Puy de Dôme sur les hauteurs de la capitale Auvergnate.

Le poste source de Saint-Sauves-d'Auvergne fût créé au milieu des années 1950 et raccordé à la ligne par une entrée en coupure d'un des 2 circuits (La tension de 63 KV fût probablement adoptée à cette époque).

S'il est difficile de dater la fin d'exploitation du deuxième circuit, on peut en revanche affirmer qu'il était déjà hors tension au début des années 1970 quand fût mise en service la seconde ligne 63 KV entre Enval et Saint-Sauves (Celle-ci formait en réalité une liaison Enval - Val-Beynete avec piquage sur Saint-Sauves).

Trois des 6 triangles sont retirés de l'ensemble des pylônes entre 1975 et 1977, en même temps que la dépose du tronçon entre Saint-Sauves et Val-Beynete. Le remplacement des isolateurs rigides par des souples a probablement lieu à la même époque.

## Description du tracé :

* La ligne démarre au poste électrique d'Enval et se dirige vers le Sud-Ouest en longeant la D942.
* Elle traverse une grande forêt au pied du Puy-de-Dôme, en suivant plus ou moins la route sur une dizaine de kilomètres jusqu'au lieu-dit *Les-Quatre-Routes.*
* Elle bifurque ensuite vers l'Est, longe brièvement la D2089 puis prend à nouveau la direction du Sud-Ouest.
* La ligne croise la D2089 à l'entrée Nord de Rochefort-Montagne puis à nouveau à *La Chabanne.* A partir d'ici, elle longe la D922 jusqu'à Laqueuille puis bifurque légèrement vers le Sud.
* Elle garde ensuite une direction quasiment rectiligne jusqu'à St-Sauves, croisant entre-temps la voie ferrée Laqueuille - Le-Mont-Dore.
* Arrivée à Saint-Sauves-d'Auvergne, la ligne tourne quasiment à angle droit pour entrer dans le poste, juste après avoir croisé la D82.

## Notes :

La ligne d'origine avait une forme similaire à celle de la photo ci-contre. Il s'agit d'un court tronçon exploitée en 20 KV entre Issoire et Le Breuil-sur-Couze et qui faisait partie d'une ancienne ligne de la CHEA reliant Brioude à l'ancienne usine électrique de Coudes.

On remarque en effet que le fût du pylône est identique à ceux de la ligne Enval - Saint-Sauves.