Family Rhadinorhynchidae

## Source: EOL

### Rhadinorhynchidae: brief summary 1

Cathayacanthus spinitruncatus SEM of Rhadinorhynchus oligospinosus SEM of Rhadinorhynchus oligospinosus SEM of Rhadinorhynchus oligospinosus Posterior trunk of a female Cathayacanthus spinitruncatus

Rhadinorhynchidae is a family of parasitic worms from the order Echinorhynchida.

### Rhadinorhynchidae 1

*Cathayacanthus spinitruncatus*

SEM of *Rhadinorhynchus oligospinosus*

SEM of *Rhadinorhynchus oligospinosus*

SEM of *Rhadinorhynchus oligospinosus*

Posterior trunk of a female *Cathayacanthus spinitruncatus*

**Rhadinorhynchidae** is a family of parasitic worms from the order Echinorhynchida.

## Contents

* 1 Species

* 1.1 Golvanacanthinae Paggi and Orecchia, 1972
* 1.2 Gorgorhynchinae Van Cleave & Lincicome, 1940
* 1.3 Rhadinorhynchinae Lühe, 1912
* 1.4 Serrasentoidinae Parukhin, 1982
* 2 Hosts
* 3 Notes
* 4 References

## Species

**Rhadinorhynchidae** has 4 subfamilies (Golvanacanthinae, Gorgorhynchinae, Rhadinorhynchinae, and Serrasentoidinae) and the following species:

### Golvanacanthinae Paggi and Orecchia, 1972

***Golvanacanthus*** Paggi and Orecchia, 1972

* ***Golvanacanthus blennii*** Paggi and Orecchia, 1972

### Gorgorhynchinae Van Cleave & Lincicome, 1940

***Australorhynchus*** Lebedev, 1967

* ***Australorhynchus tetramorphacanthus*** Lebedev, 1967

***Cleaveius*** Subrahmanian, 1927

* ***Cleaveius circumspinifer*** Subrahmanian, 1927
* ***Cleaveius clupei*** (Gupta & Sinha, 1992)
* ***Cleaveius durdanae*** Kumar, 1992
* ***Cleaveius fotedari*** (Gupta & Naqvi, 1980)
* ***Cleaveius inglisi*** (Gupta & Fatma, 1987)
* ***Cleaveius leiognathi*** Jain & Gupta, 1979
* ***Cleaveius longirostris*** Moravec and Sey, 1989
* ***Cleaveius mysti*** (Sahay and Sinha, 1971)
* ***Cleaveius portblairensis*** Jain & Gupta, 1979
* ***Cleaveius prashadi*** (Datta, 1940)
* ***Cleaveius puriensis*** (Gupta & Sinha, 1992)
* ***Cleaveius secundus*** (Tripathi, 1959)
* ***Cleaveius singhai*** (Gupta & Fatma, 1987)
* ***Cleaveius thapari*** (Gupta & Naqvi, 1980)

***Edmondsacanthus*** Smales, 2009

* ***Edmondsacanthus blairi*** Smales, 2009

***Gorgorhynchus*** Chandler, 1934

* ***Gorgorhynchus celebesensis*** (Yamaguti, 1954)
* ***Gorgorhynchus clavatus*** Van Cleave, 1940
* ***Gorgorhynchus lepidus*** Van Cleave, 1940
* ***Gorgorhynchus medius*** (Linton, 1908) Chandler, 1934
* ***Gorgorhynchus nemipteri*** Parukhin, 1973
* ***Gorgorhynchus occultus*** Smales, Barton, and Chisholm

*G. occultus* has been found parasitising the Cobbler wobbegong (*Sutorectus tentaculatus*) in Bunbury, Western Australia. The proboscis of this worm has 18 to 20 rows of 8 or 9 hooks followed by a well-developed neck. The body contains irregular circles of small spines in a single anterior portion. The male reproductive system limited to the posterior quarter of the trunk. There are three cement glands.

* ***Gorgorhynchus ophiocephali*** Furtado & Lau, 1971
* ***Gorgorhynchus polymixiae*** Kovalenko, 1981
* ***Gorgorhynchus robertdollfusi*** Golvan, 1956
* ***Gorgorhynchus satoi*** Morisita, 1937
* ***Gorgorhynchus tonkinensis*** Amin & Ha, 2011
* ***Gorgorhynchus trachinotus*** Noronha, Vicente, Pinto & Fábio, 1986

***Leptorhynchoides*** Kostylev, 1924

* ***Leptorhynchoides acanthidion*** Steinauer & Nickol, 2015
* ***Leptorhynchoides aphredoderi*** Buckner & Buckner, 1976
* ***Leptorhynchoides apoglyphicus*** Steinauer & Nickol, 2015
* ***Leptorhynchoides atlanteus*** Steinauer & Nickol, 2015
* ***Leptorhynchoides macrorchis*** Steinauer & Nickol, 2015
* ***Leptorhynchoides nebularosis*** Steinauer & Nickol, 2015
* ***Leptorhynchoides plagicephalus*** (Westrum, 1821)
* ***Leptorhynchoides polycristatus*** Amin, Heckmann, Halajian, El-Naggar & Tavakol, 2013
* ***Leptorhynchoides seminolus*** Steinauer & Nickol, 2015
* ***Leptorhynchoides thecatus*** (Linton, 1891) Kostylev, 1924

*Metacanthocephaloides* Yamaguti, 1959

* *Metacanthocephaloides zebrini* Yamaguti, 1959

*Metacanthocephalus* Yamaguti, 1959

* *Metacanthocephalus campbelli* (Leiper & Atkinson, 1914)
* *Metacanthocephalus dalmori* Zdzitowiecki, 1983
* *Metacanthocephalus johnstoni* Zdzitowiecki, 1983
* *Metacanthocephalus ovicephalus* (Zhukov, 1963)
* *Metacanthocephalus pleuronichthydis* Yamaguti, 1959
* *Metacanthocephalus rennicki* (Leiper & Atkinson, 1914)

*Micracanthorhynchina* Strand, 1936

* *Micracanthorhynchina atherinomori* Smales, 2014
* *Micracanthorhynchina chandrai* Bhattacharya, 2007
* *Micracanthorhynchina cynoglossi* Wang, 1980
* *Micracanthorhynchina dakusuiensis* (Harada, 1938)
* *Micracanthorhynchina golvani* Gupta & Sinha, 1992
* *Micracanthorhynchina hemiculturus* Demshin, 1965
* *Micracanthorhynchina hemirhamphi* (Baylis, 1944)
* *Micracanthorhynchina indica* Farooqi, 1980
* *Micracanthorhynchina kuwaitensis* Amin & Sey, 1996
* *Micracanthorhynchina lateolabracis* Wang, 1980
* *Micracanthorhynchina motomurai* (Harada, 1935)
* *Micracanthorhynchina segmentata* (Yamaguti, 1959)

*Paracanthorhynchus* Edmonds, 1967

* *Paracanthorhynchus galaxiasus* Edmonds, 1967

*Pseudauchen* Yamaguti, 1963

* *Pseudauchen epinepheli* (Yamaguti, 1939)

*Pseudoleptorhynchoides* Salgado-Maldonado, 1976

* *Pseudoleptorhynchoides lamothei* Salgado-Maldonado, 1976

### Rhadinorhynchinae Lühe, 1912

Scanning electron microscopy of proboscis of *Cathayacanthus spinitruncatus*

***Cathayacanthus*** Golvan, 1969

* ***Cathayacanthus bagarii*** Moravec and Sey, 1989
* ***Cathayacanthus exilis*** (Van Cleave, 1928)
* ***Cathayacanthus spinitruncatus*** Amin, Heckmann & Ha, 2014

***Megistacantha*** Golvan, 1960

* ***Megistacantha horridum*** (Lühe, 1912)
* ***Megistacantha sanghaensis*** Kvach, Jirků & Scholz, 2016

***Paragorgorhynchus*** Golvan, 1957

* ***Paragorgorhynchus albertianus*** Golvan, 1957
* ***Paragorgorhynchus chariensis*** Troncy, 1970

***Pseudogorgorhynchus*** Moravec, Wolter & Korting, 2000

* ***Pseudogorgorhynchus arii*** Moravec, Wolter & Korting, 2000

***Raorhynchus*** Tripathi, 1959

* ***Raorhynchus cadenati*** Gupta & Sinha, 1992
* ***Raorhynchus guptai*** Gupta & Kumar, 1987
* ***Raorhynchus inexspectatus*** Golvan, 1969
* ***Raorhynchus megalaspisi*** Wang, Wang and Wu, 1993
* ***Raorhynchus mayeri*** (Heinz, 1934)
* ***Raorhynchus polynemi*** Tripathi, 1959
* ***Raorhynchus schmidti*** George & Nadakal, 1978
* ***Raorhynchus terebra*** Rudolphi, 1819
* ***Raorhynchus thapari*** Gupta & Fatma, 1981

***Rhadinorhynchus*** Lühe, 1911

*R. decapteri*

*R. mariserpentis*

Worldwide distribution of *Rhadinorhynchus* samples collected in the field.

* ***Rhadinorhynchus africanus*** (Golvan, Houin and Deltour, 1963)
* ***Rhadinorhynchus atheri*** (Farooqui, 1981)
* ***Rhadinorhynchus bicircumspinis*** Hooper, 1983
* ***Rhadinorhynchus biformis*** Smales, 2014
* ***Rhadinorhynchus cadenati*** (Golvan & Houin, 1964)
* ***Rhadinorhynchus camerounensis*** Golvan, 1969
* ***Rhadinorhynchus capensis*** Bray, 1974
* ***Rhadinorhynchus carangis*** Yamaguti, 1939
* ***Rhadinorhynchus chongmingnensis*** Huang, Zheng, Deng, Fan and Ni, 1988
* ***Rhadinorhynchus cololabis*** Laurs & McCauley, 1964
* ***Rhadinorhynchus decapteri*** (Braicovich, Lanfranchi, Farber, Marvaldi, Luque and Timi, 2014)

*R. decapteri* is a parasite of the marine fish Round scad (*Decapterus punctatus*) and is found coastal waters of Brazil. It has 10 longitudinal rows of 22–26 hooks. The species name *decapteri* was derived from the genus (*Decapterus*) of the type host.

* ***Rhadinorhynchus ditrematus*** Yamaguti, 1939
* ***Rhadinorhynchus dollfusi*** Gupta & Fatma, 1987
* ***Rhadinorhynchus dorsoventrospinosus*** Amin, Heckmann & Há, 2011
* ***Rhadinorhynchus dujardini*** Golvan, 1969
* ***Rhadinorhynchus echeneisi*** Gupta and Gupta, 1980
* ***Rhadinorhynchus erumeii*** (Gupta & Fatma, 1981)
* ***Rhadinorhynchus ganapatii*** Chandra, Hanumantha-Rao & Shyamasundari, 1985
* ***Rhadinorhynchus hiansi*** Soota & Bhattacharya, 1981
* ***Rhadinorhynchus japonicus*** Fujita, 1920
* ***Rhadinorhynchus johnstoni*** Golvan, 1969
* ***Rhadinorhynchus keralensis*** Gupta & Fatma, 1987
* ***Rhadinorhynchus laterospinosus*** Amin, Heckmann & Há, 2011
* ***Rhadinorhynchus lintoni*** Cable & Linderoth, 1963
* ***Rhadinorhynchus oligospinosus*** Amin & Heckmann, 2017

* ***Rhadinorhynchus mariserpentis*** (Steinauer, Garcia-Vedrenne, Weinstein & Kuris, 2019)

*R. mariserpentis* parasitizes the Oarfish, *Regalecus russelii* and has been collected near Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyūshū, Japan.

* ***Rhadinorhynchus ornatus*** Van Cleave, 1918
* ***Rhadinorhynchus pelamysi*** Gupta & Gupta, 1980
* ***Rhadinorhynchus pichelinae*** Smales, 2014
* ***Rhadinorhynchus plagioscionis*** Thatcher, 1980
* ***Rhadinorhynchus plotosi*** Parukhin, 1985
* ***Rhadinorhynchus polydactyli*** Smales, 2014
* ***Rhadinorhynchus polynemi*** Gupta & Lata, 1967
* ***Rhadinorhynchus pomatomi*** Smales, 2014
* ***Rhadinorhynchus pristis*** (Rudolphi, 1802)
* ***Rhadinorhynchus saltatrix*** Troncy & Vassiliades, 1973
* ***Rhadinorhynchus selkirki*** Van Cleave, 1921
* ***Rhadinorhynchus seriolae*** (Yamaguti, 1963)
* ***Rhadinorhynchus stunkardii*** Gupta & Fatma, 1987

* ***Rhadinorhynchus trachuri*** Harada, 1935

*R. trachuri* is one of the most widespread acanthocephalans infesting fish from the Eastern Pacific, Western Pacific, and Indian Oceans. On the South pacific coast of Vietnam, it was found infesting the Frigate tuna (*Auxis thazard*), and the Torpedo scad (*Megalaspis cordyla*).

* ***Rhadinorhynchus trivandricus*** George & Nadkal, 1978
* ***Rhadinorhynchus vancleavei*** Golvan, 1969
* ***Rhadinorhynchus zhukovi*** Golvan, 1969

***Slendrorhynchus*** Amin & Sey, 1996

* ***Slendrorhynchus breviclaviproboscis*** Amin & Sey, 1996

### Serrasentoidinae Parukhin, 1982

***Serrasentoides*** Parukhin, 1971

* ***Serrasentoides fistulariae*** Parukhin, 1971

## Hosts

*Rhadinorhynchidae* species parasitize fish hosts.

* Hosts for *Rhadinorhynchidae* species
* The Round scad is a host of *Rhadinorhynchus decapteri*
* The oarfish *Regalecus russelii* is a host of *Rhadinorhynchus mariserpentis*

## *Notes*

1. ***^** A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than the present genus.*
2. ***^** Gymnorhadinorhynchus decapteri was combined with Rhadinorhynchus decapteri based on genetic analysis. The original family and genus names are a combination of the Greek word gymnos (naked) and Rhadinorhynchidae/Rhadinorhynchus, a family/genus of similar morphology, but lacking somatic spines. A phylogenetic analysis had been conducted to confirm that Gymnorhadinorhynchus is a well supported clade within the monophyletic order Echinorhynchida but the new analysis superseded this one. Previously, Gymnorhadinorhynchidae can be distinguished from other families of Echinorhynchida by the combination of the following morphological characteristics: a cylindrical proboscis with longitudinal row of hooks, basal circle of hooks larger than anterior hooks, an absence of trunk spines, asymmetry of hook shape, four cement glands, and a spineless trunk.*
3. ***^** Genetic analysis resulted in the move of Gymnorhadinorhynchus mariserpentis to the genus Rhadinorhynchus*