Culture

## introduction

I'll try to pick up some culture in Japan which related to One Piece, remarkably Mihawk and his relationship.

## Ancient times: Before Nara Period: before 8th century

### **Myth**

#### **Myth of Izanami and Izanagi** **(イザナミ・イザナギ神話)**

八百万の神:Yao yorozu no kami (Divinity countless) in 神道:Shinto animism.

## Classical: Nara - Heian Period: 8th - 12th century

### **Literary art**

#### **Aesthetic sense of old Kyoto culture**

みやび:miyabi(elegant/graceful/flower decorative nice), をかし:wokashi (positive/active/intellectual nice) , あはれ:ahare (negative/passive/emotional nice), (す)さび:(su)sabi (decrease(d) decoration and simple true nature appear(ed)).

#### **Mukashi-Wotoko** **(昔男 / むかしをとこ)**

むかしをとこ:mukashi-wotoko (a man in the past, anonymous famous) in 伊勢物語:Ise Monogatari and 在原業平朝臣:Ariwara no Narihira Ason

##### **伊勢物語:Ise-monogatari (The Tales of Ise)**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The\_Tales\_of\_Ise

##### **在原業平朝臣:Ariwara no Narihira Ason**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ariwara\_no\_Narihira

##### **河原左大臣源融: Kawara no Sa-Daijin Minamoto no Touru**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minamoto\_no\_T%C5%8Dru

#### **Waka and Kana** **(和歌とかな)**

和歌:waka (poem with syllable/mora pattern) and かな:kana(the Japanese syllabary/mora matrix letters)

##### **土佐日記:Tosa Nikki**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosa\_Nikki

##### **紀貫之:Ki no Tsurayuki**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki\_no\_Tsurayuki

##### **参議篁:Sangi Takamura**

old poet who has a lot of strange legends, Court Councillor who loved martial arts from his childhood.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ono\_no\_Takamura

##### **謙徳公:Kentoku kou (one of the poet whoes poem in Ogra best 100)**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fujiwara\_no\_Koretada

##### **後白河天皇/法皇/上皇:Go-Shirakawa-tennō/houō/joukō**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor\_Go-Shirakawa

##### ***梁塵秘抄:Ryoujin Hishou(popular songs of Buddhist scriptures in Heian-period)***

"Ryojin hisho" means 'the abridged transcript describing the secret teachings to sing beautifully to such an extent that dusts of beams (architecture) would fly and dance.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Songs\_to\_Make\_the\_Dust\_Dance\_on\_the\_Beams

http://www.home.ix.netcom.com/~kyamazak/lit/\_Jpoet/ryojin.htm

##### **三千世界: San-Zen-Sekai in Buddhist cosmology**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist\_cosmology

### **Gunki-mono and Biwa-houshi**

##### **平家物語:Heike Monogatari (The Tale of the Heike)**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The\_Tale\_of\_the\_Heike

##### **宇治川の戦い:Uji-gawa no Tatakai (Battle of Uji)**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle\_of\_Uji\_(1184)

### **Shinto and Buddhism**

#### **The great Buddhist monks in the war age**

##### **阿弥陀仏:Amida-butsu (Amitābha)**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amit%C4%81bha

##### **臨済宗:Rinzai shu**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rinzai\_school

## Medieval: Kamakura - Muromachi Period 12th - 17th century

### **Literary art**

#### **Honka-dori and Shakkei** **(本歌取りと借景)**

本歌取り:Honka-dori (adaptation of a famous poem) and 借景:Shakkei (Borrowed scenery)

##### **藤原定家:Fujiwara no Teika/Sadaie**

a Japanese poet, critic, calligrapher, novelist, anthologist, scribe, and scholar of the late Heian and early Kamakura periods.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fujiwara\_no\_Teika

##### **西行法師:Saigyo-houshi**

warrior, Buddhist monk, vagabond, famous great poet who has anthologies and a lot of legends in the late Heian and early Kamakura period. He had a great influence on later ages.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saigy%C5%8D

#### **Renga and Jisei** **(連歌と辞世)**

連歌:renga(linked verse of waka) and 辞世:Jisei (farewell waka composed on the eve of their death)

##### **源頼朝:Minamoto no Yoritomo**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minamoto\_no\_Yoritomo

##### **源実朝:Minamoto no Sanetomo**

a son of 頼朝(Yoritomo), the third shogun of the Kamakura shogunate in 13th century. a great poet who has private anthology "金槐和歌集(The Kinkai wakashu:The Golden Pagoda-Tree Collection of Japanese Poetry"), one of his waka included in the anthology Ogura Hyakunin Isshu (100 Poems by 100 Poets Ogura version).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minamoto\_no\_Sanetomo

##### **毛利元就:Mouri Motonari**

a prominent *大名:daimyō* in the west Chūgoku region of Japan during the Sengoku period of the 16th century. well-known of " he lesson of the three arrows"

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C5%8Dri\_Motonari

##### **木全知矩:Kimata Tomonori**

a general at 佐伯郡:Saeki-gun County, 安芸 Aki Province (present-day Saeki Ward, Hiroshima City)

http://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/758760/36?tocOpened=1

##### **高杉晋作:Takasugi Shinsaku**

a samurai from the Chōshū Domain of Japan who contributed significantly to the Meiji Restoration.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takasugi\_Shinsaku

##### **第四四振武隊長　甲斐 玉樹:Kai Tamaki**

http://www.chiran-tokkou.jp/learn/pilots/kaitamaki.html

**Log@Kyoto 1569** **(言継卿記)**

### **Entertainment**

##### **世阿弥:Zeami**

childhood name:鬼夜叉:Oni-Yasha(literally Ogre-Buddhist guardian), aesthetician, actor, playwright, wrighter of treatise on Noh.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeami\_Motokiyo

##### **通い小町:Kayoi-Komachi (Lady Komachi Visited)**

http://www.the-noh.com/en/plays/data/program\_023.html

##### **利休:Rikyuu （the historical figure with the most profound influence on cha-no-yu, the Japanese "Way of Tea")**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sen\_no\_Riky%C5%AB

## Pre-Modern: Edo Priod: 17th - 19th century

### **Entertainment**

##### **仮名手本忠臣蔵:Kana-dehon Chushingura**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C5%ABshingura

### **Match/Sport**

##### **五輪の書:"The Book of Five Rings"**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The\_Book\_of\_Five\_Rings

##### **四十八手:Shijuu Hatte (48 winning tricks of Sumo)**

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E6%89%8B

### **Buddahism**

##### ***白隠禅師坐禅和讃: Hakuin Zenji Zazen Wasan***

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9D%90%E7%A6%85%E5%92%8C%E8%AE%83

##### ***Hakuin Zenji Zazen hymns of praise in Japanese (English transration)***

http://ameblo.jp/hotpic/entry-11983773796.html

##### ***白隠禅師:Hakuin Zenji***

*one of the most influential figures in Japanese Zen Buddhism, artist of Ink wash painting, calligrapher, writer, story teller, maybe he is a father of Manga.*

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakuin\_Ekaku

##### ***白幽子:Hakuyushi***

*calligrapher, hermit, Xian (Taoism), a mastar of 気:ki, a doctor of Hakuin*

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xian\_(Taoism)

### **Thought**

#### **Art of Ninja** **(兵法家伝書)**

##### **柳生 宗矩: Yagyu Munenori**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yagy%C5%AB\_Munenori

#### **Literary art**

##### **もののあはれ:mono no aware**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mono\_no\_aware

##### **本居宣長:Motoori Norinaga**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motoori\_Norinaga

## Modern: After Edo Period: after 19th century

### **Entertainment/TV**

#### **Manzai** **(漫才)**

漫才:manzai (a comic talk) with Boke (Fool) & Tsukkomi (Cool)

#### **Anime**

##### **一休さん:I*kkyū-san (Anime)***

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikky%C5%AB-san

#### **Drama**

##### **松田 優作:Matsuda Yusaku**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yusaku\_Matsuda

#### **Song**

##### **沢田 研二:Sawada Kenji**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenji\_Sawada

##### **山口 百恵:Yamaguchi Momoe**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Momoe\_Yamaguchi

### **Literary art**

##### **小泉八雲:Koizumi Yakumo (Patrick Lafcadio Hearn, in Greek Πατρίκιος Λευκάδιος Χερν)**

an international writer, known best for his books about Japan, especially his collections of Japanese legends and ghost stories, such as *Kwaidan: Stories and Studies of Strange Things*

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lafcadio\_Hearn

##### **種田山頭火: Taneda Santouka**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sant%C5%8Dka\_Taneda

### **Buddhism**

##### **鈴木大拙: Suzuki Daisetsu**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D.\_T.\_Suzuki

## Language

### Japanese Language

##### **the character 永:Ei (Eight Principles of Yong) of calligraphy.**

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eight\_Principles\_of\_Yong

## Misc

##### ***布団かぶせ:Futon Kabuse(bedclothes coverer);***

*https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ittan-momen*

##### **お盆: O-Bon**

O-Bon

🎈　🎈　🎈

**Home**: Mihawk in Japanese Wiki