Legal System-Russia

This article is about the legal system within the Russian Federation.

## General Legal Tradition

The legal tradition in China is the Civil Law system. As Russia is a former member of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the use of a codified system of law is used to establish how the law is enacted and enforced within their borders.

## Agencies involved in the Criminal Justice System

There are Five Ministry level agencies that supervise the criminal justice system within Russia .

* The Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation (MVD) [Ministerstvo vnutrennih del Rossijskoj federacii] oversees two law enforcement elemets within the Federation (2016 Ministry).
	+ The Police of Russia [Politsiya], which is the primary law enforcement agency within Russia
	+ The Main Directorate for Road Traffic Safety is the primary traffic enforcement agency within Russia (2016 Gibdd).
* The Investigative Committee of Russia (Sledkom) [Sledstvenny komitet], is responsible for investigating all alegations of corruption within the Russian government, including the police force (Sergeev 2012).
* The Ministry of Justice of Russia is responsible for overseeing the Legal and Penal Systems.
	+ The Federal Penitentiary Service (FSIN) [Federalnaya Sluzhba Ispolneniya Nakazaniy] is responsible for overseeing and running the Prisons and Penal colonies with the Russian Federation.
* The Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation (FSB) [Federal'naya sluzhba bezopasnosti Rossiyskoy Federatsii] is responsible for all national security investigations and border protection.
* The Federal Protective Service (FSO) [Federalnaya Sluzhba Okhrany] is responsible for protecting and investigating threats against government officials.

## Correctional Institutions within Russia

The Ministry of Justice within Russia operates 4 types of facilities, Pre-Trial confinement, Prison, Juvenile hard labor colonies and Adult Labor colonies.

Russia has a prison population of 640,357 inmates (2016 Russia). This makes up about 0.45% of the total population of Russia.

Russia has experienced multiple problems with combatting communicable diseases such as tuberculosis in their Labor colonies. An example o this is the large outbreak of Multi-Drug resistant tuberculosis (Bobrik 2005).

## References

(2016).
*Russian Federation*. Retrieved from http://www.prisonstudies.org/country/russian-federation

Bobrik,
A., Danishevski, K., Eroshina, K., & Mckee, M. (2005). Prison Health in
Russia: The Larger Picture. *Journal Of Public Health Policy*, *26*(1),
30-59. doi:10.1057/palgrave.jphp.3200002

Federal Penitentiary Service. (2016). In the *Federal Penitentiary Service.* Retrieved from http://fsin.su/

Federal Protective Service. (2016). In the *Federal Protective Service*. Retrieved from http://fso.gov.ru/

Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation. (2016). In the *Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation*. Retrieved from http://fsb.ru/

The investigative Committee of the Russian Federation. (2016). In the *The Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation*. Retrieved from http://sledcom.ru/

The Main Directorate for Road Traffic Safety (2016). In the *Main Directorate for Road Traffic Safety.* Retrieved from http://www.gibdd.ru/

The Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. (2016) In the *Ministry of the Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation*. Retrieved from https://en.mvd.ru/

The Ministry of Justice. (2016). In the *Ministry of the Justice of the Russian Federation*. Retrieved from http://minjust.ru/

Sergeev, N., & Tumanov, G.
(2012). Law-Enforcement Personnel to Be Investigated Separately. *Statutes*
& Decisions: The Laws Of The USSR & Its Successor States*,*47*(5/6),*
22-24. doi:10.2753/RSD1061-0014470502