List of birds of Jamaica

North American animals Wiki list articleTemplate:SHORTDESC:North American animals Wiki list article

This is a **list of the bird species recorded in Jamaica**. The avifauna of Jamaica included a total of 326 species as of March 2021, according to *Bird Checklists of the World*. Of them, 28 are endemic, 19 have been introduced by humans, and 158 are rare or accidental. Another species (great-tailed grackle) is concentrated in one area and might also have been introduced. Six species have been extirpated. Sixteen species are globally threatened.

This list is presented in the taxonomic sequence of the *Check-list of North and Middle American Birds*, 7th edition through the 62nd Supplement, published by the American Ornithological Society (AOS). Common and scientific names are also those of the *Check-list*, except that the common names of families are from the Clements taxonomy because the AOS list does not include them.

The following tags have been used to highlight several categories of occurrence.

* (A) **Accidental** - a species that rarely or accidentally occurs in Jamaica
* (E) **Endemic** - a species endemic to Jamaica
* (Es) **Endemic subspecies** - a subspecies endemic to Jamaica
* (I) **Introduced** - a species introduced directly to Jamaica or elsewhere in the New World
* (Ex) **Extirpated** - a species that no longer occurs in Jamaica although populations exist elsewhere

## Ducks, geese, and waterfowl

**Order**: Anseriformes   **Family**: Anatidae

Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating.

* Black-bellied whistling-duck, *Dendrocygna autumnalis* (A)
* West Indian whistling-duck, *Dendrocygna arborea*
* Fulvous whistling-duck, *Dendrocygna bicolor* (A)
* Snow goose, *Anser caerulescens* (A)
* Canada goose, *Branta canadensis* (A)
* Wood duck, *Aix sponsa* (A)
* Blue-winged teal, *Spatula discors*
* Cinnamon teal, *Spatula cyanoptera* (A)
* Northern shoveler, *Spatula clypeata* (A)
* Gadwall, *Mareca strepera* (A)
* American wigeon, *Mareca americana* (A)
* Mallard, *Anas platyrhynchos* (A)
* White-cheeked pintail, *Anas bahamensis* (A)
* Northern pintail, *Anas acuta* (A)
* Green-winged teal, *Anas crecca*
* Canvasback, *Aythya valisineria* (A)
* Redhead, *Aythya americana* (A)
* Ring-necked duck, *Aythya collaris* (A)
* Greater scaup, *Aythya marila* (A)
* Lesser scaup, *Aythya affinis* (A)
* Bufflehead, *Bucephala albeola* (A)
* Masked duck, *Nomonyx dominicus*
* Ruddy duck, *Oxyura jamaicensis*

## Guineafowl

**Order**: Galliformes   **Family**: Numididae

Guineafowl are a group of African, seed-eating, ground-nesting birds that resemble partridges, but with featherless heads and spangled grey plumage.

* Helmeted guineafowl, *Numida meleagris* (I)

## New World quail

**Order**: Galliformes   **Family**: Odontophoridae

The New World quails are small, plump terrestrial birds only distantly related to the quails of the Old World, but named for their similar appearance and habits.

* Northern bobwhite, *Colinus virginianus* (Ex)

## Flamingos

**Order**: Phoenicopteriformes   **Family**: Phoenicopteridae

Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually 3 to 5 feet (0.9 to 1.5 m) tall, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume and, uniquely, are used upside-down.

* American flamingo, *Phoenicopterus ruber* (A)

## Grebes

**Order**: Podicipediformes   **Family**: Podicipedidae

Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.

* Least grebe, *Tachybaptus dominicus*
* Pied-billed grebe, *Podilymbus podiceps*

## Pigeons and doves

**Order**: Columbiformes   **Family**: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.

* Rock pigeon, *Columba livia* (I)
* Scaly-naped pigeon, *Patagioenas squamosa* (A)
* White-crowned pigeon, *Patagioenas leucocephala*
* Plain pigeon, *Patagioenas inornata*
* Ring-tailed pigeon, *Patagioenas caribaea* (E)
* Eurasian collared-dove, *Streptopelia decaocto* (I)
* Common ground dove, *Columbina passerina*
* Blue-headed quail-dove, *Starnoenas cyanocephala* (I)
* Crested quail-dove, *Geotrygon versicolor* (E)
* Ruddy quail-dove, *Geotrygon montana*
* Caribbean dove, *Leptotila jamaicensis*
* White-winged dove, *Zenaida asiatica*
* Zenaida dove, *Zenaida aurita*
* Mourning dove, *Zenaida macroura*

## Cuckoos

**Order**: Cuculiformes   **Family**: Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners, and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails, and strong legs.

* Smooth-billed ani, *Crotophaga ani*
* Yellow-billed cuckoo, *Coccyzus americanus* (A)
* Mangrove cuckoo, *Coccyzus minor*
* Black-billed cuckoo, *Coccyzus erythropthalmus* (A)
* Chestnut-bellied cuckoo, *Cocccyzus pluvialis* (E)
* Jamaican lizard-cuckoo, *Coccyzus vetula* (E)

## Nightjars and allies

**Order**: Caprimulgiformes   **Family**: Caprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs, and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves.

* Common nighthawk, *Chordeiles minor* (A)
* Antillean nighthawk, *Chordeiles gundlachii*
* Jamaican pauraque, *Siphonorhis americana* (E)
* Chuck-will's-widow, *Antrostomus carolinensis* (A)
* Eastern whip-poor-will, *Antrostomus vociferus* (A)

## Potoos

**Order**: Nyctibiiformes   **Family**: Nyctibiidae

The potoos (sometimes called poor-me-ones) are large near passerine birds related to the nightjars and frogmouths. They are nocturnal insectivores which lack the bristles around the mouth found in the true nightjars.

* Northern potoo, *Nyctibius jamaicensis*

## Swifts

**Order**: Apodiformes   **Family**: Apodidae

Swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.

* Black swift, *Cypseloides niger*
* White-collared swift, *Streptoprocne zonaris*
* Chimney swift, *Chaetura pelagica* (A)
* Antillean palm swift, *Tachornis phoenicobia*

## Hummingbirds

**Order**: Apodiformes   **Family**: Trochilidae

Hummingbirds are small birds capable of hovering in mid-air due to the rapid flapping of their wings. They are the only birds that can fly backwards.

* Jamaican mango, *Anthracothorax mango* (E)
* Ruby-throated hummingbird, *Archilochus colubris* (A)
* Vervain hummingbird, *Mellisuga minima minima* (ES)
* Streamertail, *Trochilus polytmus* (E)

Jamaican mangoStreamertailVervain hummingbird
## Rails, gallinules, and coots

**Order**: Gruiformes   **Family**: Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers.

* Spotted rail, *Pardirallus maculatus* (A)
* Uniform crake, *Amaurolimnas concolor* (Ex)
	+ Jamaican wood rail, *A. c. concolor* (Es, extinct)
* Clapper rail, *Rallus crepitans*
* King rail, *Rallus elegans*
* Sora, *Porzana carolina* (A)
* Common gallinule, *Gallinula galeata*
* American coot, *Fulica americana*
* Purple gallinule, *Porphyrio martinica*
* Yellow-breasted crake, *Haplocrex flaviventer*
* Black rail, *Laterallus jamaicensis* (A)

## Limpkin

**Order**: Gruiformes   **Family**: Aramidae

The limpkin resembles a large rail. It has drab-brown plumage and a greyer head and neck.

* Limpkin, *Aramus guarauna*

## Stilts and avocets

**Order**: Charadriiformes   **Family**: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.

* Black-necked stilt, *Himantopus mexicanus*
* American avocet, *Recurvirostra americana* (A)

## Oystercatchers

**Order**: Charadriiformes   **Family**: Haematopodidae

The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs.

* American oystercatcher, *Haematopus palliatus* (A)

## Plovers and lapwings

**Order**: Charadriiformes   **Family**: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short thick necks, and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.

* Black-bellied plover, *Pluvialis squatarola*
* American golden-plover, *Pluvialis dominica* (A)
* Killdeer, *Charadrius vociferus*
* Semipalmated plover, *Charadrius semipalmatus*
* Piping plover, *Charadrius melodus* (A)
* Wilson's plover, *Charadrius wilsonia*
* Snowy plover, *Charadrius nivosus* (A)

## Jacanas

**Order**: Charadriiformes   **Family**: Jacanidae

The jacanas are a group of waders found throughout the tropics. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat.

* Northern jacana, *Jacana spinosa*

## Sandpipers and allies

**Order**: Charadriiformes   **Family**: Scolopacidae

Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers, and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enables multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.

* Upland sandpiper, *Bartramia longicauda* (A)
* Whimbrel, *Numenius phaeopus*
* Long-billed curlew, *Numenius americanus* (A)
* Marbled godwit, *Limosa fedoa* (A)
* Ruddy turnstone, *Arenaria interpres*
* Red knot, *Calidris canutus* (A)
* Ruff, *Calidris pugnax* (A)
* Stilt sandpiper, *Calidris himantopus* (A)
* Sanderling, *Calidris alba*
* Dunlin, *Calidris alpina* (A)
* Least sandpiper, *Calidris minutilla*
* White-rumped sandpiper, *Calidris fuscicollis* (A)
* Buff-breasted sandpiper, *Calidris subruficollis* (A)
* Pectoral sandpiper, *Calidris melanotos* (A)
* Semipalmated sandpiper, *Calidris pusilla*
* Western sandpiper, *Calidris mauri*
* Short-billed dowitcher, *Limnodromus griseus*
* Long-billed dowitcher, *Limnodromus scolopaceus* (A)
* Wilson's snipe, *Gallinago delicata* (A)
* Spotted sandpiper, *Actitis macularius*
* Solitary sandpiper, *Tringa solitaria* (A)
* Lesser yellowlegs, *Tringa flavipes*
* Willet, *Tringa semipalmata*
* Greater yellowlegs, *Tringa melanoleuca*
* Wilson's phalarope, *Phalaropus tricolor* (A)
* Red-necked phalarope, *Phalaropus lobatus* (A)

## Skuas and jaegers

**Order**: Charadriiformes   **Family**: Stercorariidae

The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants.

* Pomarine jaeger, *Stercorarius pomarinus* (A)
* Parasitic jaeger, *Stercorarius parasiticus* (A)
* Long-tailed jaeger, *Stercorarius longicaudus* (A)

## Gulls, terns, and skimmers

**Order**: Charadriiformes   **Family**: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds and includes gulls, kittiwakes, terns and skimmers. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have longish bills and webbed feet. Terns are a group of generally medium to large seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years. Skimmers are a small family of tropical tern-like birds. They have an elongated lower mandible which they use to feed by flying low over the water surface and skimming the water for small fish.

* Black-legged kittiwake, *Rissa tridactyla* (A)
* Bonaparte's gull, *Chroicocephalus philadelphia*
* Black-headed gull, *Chroicocephalus ridibundus* (A)
* Laughing gull, *Leucophaeus atricilla*
* Ring-billed gull, *Larus delawarensis* (A)
* Herring gull, *Larus argentatus*
* Lesser black-backed gull, *Larus fuscus* (A)
* Brown noddy, *Anous stolidus*
* Sooty tern, *Onychoprion fuscata*
* Bridled tern, *Onychoprion anaethetus*
* Least tern, *Sternula antillarum*
* Gull-billed tern, *Gelochelidon nilotica* (A)
* Caspian tern, *Hydroprogne caspia* (A)
* Black tern, *Chlidonias niger*
* Common tern, *Sterna hirundo* (A)
* Forster's tern, *Sterna forsteri* (A)
* Royal tern, *Thalasseus maxima*
* Sandwich tern, *Thalasseus sandvicensis*
* Black skimmer, *Rynchops niger* (A)

## Tropicbirds

**Order**: Phaethontiformes   **Family**: Phaethontidae

Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their heads and long wings have black markings.

* White-tailed tropicbird, *Phaethon lepturus*
* Red-billed tropicbird, *Phaethon aethereus* (A)

## Southern storm-petrels

**Order**: Procellariiformes   **Family**: Oceanitidae

The storm-petrels are the smallest seabirds, relatives of the petrels, feeding on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like. Until 2018, this family's species were included with the other storm-petrels in family Hydrobatidae.

* Wilson's storm-petrel, *Oceanites oceanicus*

## Northern storm-petrels

**Order**: Procellariiformes   **Family**: Hydrobatidae

Though the members of this family are similar in many respects to the southern storm-petrels, including their general appearance and habits, there are enough genetic differences to warrant their placement in a separate family.

* Leach's storm-petrel, *Hydrobates leucorhous* (A)

## Shearwaters and petrels

**Order**: Procellariiformes   **Family**: Procellariidae

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterised by united nostrils with medium septum and a long outer functional primary.

* Black-capped petrel, *Pterodroma hasitata* (A)
* Cory's shearwater, *Calonectris diomedea*
* Sooty shearwater, *Ardenna griseus* (A)
* Audubon's shearwater, *Puffinus lherminieri* (A)
* Barolo shearwater, *Puffinus baroli* (A)

## Storks

**Order**: Ciconiiformes   **Family**: Ciconiidae

Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute, but bill-clattering is an important mode of communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory.

* Wood stork, *Mycteria americana* (A)

## Frigatebirds

**Order**: Suliformes   **Family**: Fregatidae

Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black-and-white, or completely black, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have coloured inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.

* Magnificent frigatebird, *Fregata magnificens*

## Boobies and gannets

**Order**: Suliformes   **Family**: Sulidae

The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium to large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish.

* Masked booby, *Sula dactylatra* (A)
* Brown booby, *Sula leucogaster*
* Red-footed booby, *Sula sula* (A)

## Anhingas

**Order**: Suliformes   **Family**: Anhingidae

Anhingas are often called "snake-birds" because of their long thin neck, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged. The males have black and dark-brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape, and a larger bill than the female. The females have much paler plumage especially on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving.

* Anhinga, *Anhinga anhinga* (A)

## Cormorants and shags

**Order**: Suliformes   **Family**: Phalacrocoracidae

Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium to large coastal, fish-eating seabirds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies, with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black-and-white, and a few being colourful.

* Double-crested cormorant, *Nannopterum auritum* (A)
* Neotropic cormorant, *Nannopterum brasilianum* (A)

## Pelicans

**Order**: Pelecaniformes   **Family**: Pelecanidae

Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. As with other members of the order Pelecaniformes, they have webbed feet with four toes.

* American white pelican, *Pelecanus erythrorhynchos* (A)
* Brown pelican, *Pelecanus occidentalis*

## Herons, egrets, and bitterns

**Order**: Pelecaniformes   **Family**: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons, and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises, and spoonbills.

* American bittern, *Botaurus lentiginosus* (A)
* Least bittern, *Ixobrychus exilis*
* Great blue heron, *Ardea herodias*
* Great egret, *Ardea alba*
* Snowy egret, *Egretta thula*
* Little blue heron, *Egretta caerulea*
* Tricolored heron, *Egretta tricolor*
* Reddish egret, *Egretta rufescens* (A)
* Cattle egret, *Bubulcus ibis*
* Green heron, *Butorides virescens*
* Black-crowned night-heron, *Nycticorax nycticorax*
* Yellow-crowned night-heron, *Nyctanassa violacea*

## Ibises and spoonbills

**Order**: Pelecaniformes   **Family**: Threskiornithidae

Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers.

* White ibis, *Eudocimus albus*
* Scarlet ibis, *Eudocimus ruber* (A)
* Glossy ibis, *Plegadis falcinellus* (A)
* Roseate spoonbill, *Platalea ajaja* (A)

## New World vultures

**Order**: Cathartiformes   **Family**: Cathartidae

The New World vultures are not closely related to Old World vultures, but superficially resemble them because of convergent evolution. Like the Old World vultures, they are scavengers. However, unlike Old World vultures, which find carcasses by sight, New World vultures have a good sense of smell with which they locate carrion.

* Black vulture, *Coragyps atratus* (A)
* Turkey vulture, *Cathartes aura*

## Osprey

**Order**: Accipitriformes   **Family**: Pandionidae

The family Pandionidae contains only one species, the osprey. The osprey is a medium-large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.

* Osprey, *Pandion haliaetus*

## Hawks, eagles, and kites

**Order**: Accipitriformes   **Family**: Accipitridae

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers, and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight.

* Swallow-tailed kite, *Elanoides forficatus* (A)
* Northern harrier, *Circus hudsonius* (A)
* Sharp-shinned hawk, *Accipiter striatus* (A)
* Mississippi kite, *Ictinia mississippiensis* (A)
* Snail kite, *Rostrhamus sociabilis* (A)
* Broad-winged hawk, *Buteo platypterus* (A)
* Red-tailed hawk, *Buteo jamaicensis*

## Barn-owls

**Order**: Strigiformes   **Family**: Tytonidae

Barn owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.

* Barn owl, *Tyto alba*

## Owls

**Order**: Strigiformes   **Family**: Strigidae

The typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.

* Jamaican owl, *Asio grammicus* (E)

## Todies

**Order**: Coraciiformes   **Family**: Todidae

Todies are a group of small near passerine forest species endemic to the Caribbean. These birds have colourful plumage and resemble small kingfishers, but have flattened bills with serrated edges. They eat small prey such as insects and lizards.

* Jamaican tody, *Todus todus* (E)

## Kingfishers

**Order**: Coraciiformes   **Family**: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails.

* Belted kingfisher, *Megaceryle alcyon*

## Woodpeckers

**Order**: Piciformes   **Family**: Picidae

Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails, and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.

* Jamaican woodpecker, *Melanerpes radiolatus* (E)
* Yellow-bellied sapsucker, *Sphyrapicus varius* (A)
* Fernandina's flicker, *Colaptes fernandinae* (A)

## Falcons and caracaras

**Order**: Falconiformes   **Family**: Falconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.

* Crested caracara, *Caracara plancus* (A)
* American kestrel, *Falco sparverius*
* Merlin, *Falco columbarius* (A)
* Peregrine falcon, *Falco peregrinus*

## New World and African parrots

**Order**: Psittaciformes   **Family**: Psittacidae

Parrots are small to large birds with a characteristic curved beak. Their upper mandibles have slight mobility in the joint with the skull and they have a generally erect stance. All parrots are zygodactyl, having the four toes on each foot placed two at the front and two to the back.

* Olive-throated parakeet, *Eupsittula nana*
* Green-rumped parrotlet, *Forpus passerinus* (I)
* Yellow-billed parrot, *Amazona collaria* (E)
* Black-billed parrot, *Amazona agilis* (E)
* Yellow-headed parrot, *Amazona oratrix* (I)
* Yellow-naped parrot, *Amazona auropalliata* (I)

## Tityras and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Tityridae

Tityridae is family of suboscine passerine birds found in forest and woodland in the Neotropics. The approximately 30 species in this family were formerly lumped with the families Pipridae and Cotingidae. They are small to medium-sized birds.

* Jamaican becard, *Pachyramphus niger* (E)

## Tyrant flycatchers

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Tyrannidae

Tyrant flycatchers are passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America. They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust and have stronger bills. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, have plain colouring. As the name implies, most are insectivorous.

* Jamaican elaenia, *Myiopagis cotta* (E)
* Greater Antillean elaenia, *Elaenia fallax*
* Sad flycatcher, *Myiarchus barbirostris* (E)
* Great crested flycatcher, *Myiarchus crinitus* (A)
* Rufous-tailed flycatcher, *Myiarchus validus* (E)
* Stolid flycatcher, *Myiarchus stolidus stolidus* (Es)
* Eastern kingbird, *Tyrannus tyrannus* (A)
* Gray kingbird, *Tyrannus dominicensis*
* Loggerhead kingbird, *Tyrannus caudifasciatus jamaicensis* (Es)
* Fork-tailed flycatcher, *Tyrannus savana* (A)
* Western wood-pewee, *Contopus sordidulus* (A)
* Eastern wood-pewee, *Contopus virens* (A)
* Jamaican pewee, *Contopus pallidus* (E)
* Willow flycatcher, *Empidonax traillii* (A)

Jamaican peweeSad flycatcherLoggerhead kingbird
## Vireos, shrike-babblers, and erpornis

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Vireonidae

The vireos are a group of small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are typically greenish in colour and resemble New World warblers apart from their heavier bills.

* Blue Mountain vireo, *Vireo osburni* (E)
* White-eyed vireo, *Vireo griseus* (A)
* Jamaican vireo, *Vireo modestus* (E)
* Yellow-throated vireo, *Vireo flavifrons* (A)
* Blue-headed vireo, *Vireo solitarius* (A)
* Philadelphia vireo, *Vireo philadelphicus* (A)
* Warbling vireo, *Vireo gilvus* (A)
* Red-eyed vireo, *Vireo olivaceus*
* Black-whiskered vireo, *Vireo altiloquus*

## Crows, jays, and magpies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Corvidae

The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.

* Black-billed magpie, *Pica hudsonia* (I) (Ex)
* Jamaican crow, *Corvus jamaicensis* (E)

## Larks

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Alaudidae

Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance.

* Eurasian skylark, *Alauda arvensis* (I) (Ex)

## Swallows

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Hirundinidae

The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings, and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.

* Bank swallow, *Riparia riparia*
* Tree swallow, *Tachycineta bicolor* (A)
* Golden swallow, *Tachycineta euchrysea* (A), possibly (Ex)
* Northern rough-winged swallow, *Stelgidopteryx serripennis* (A)
* Purple martin, *Progne subis* (A)
* Caribbean martin, *Progne dominicensis*
* Barn swallow, *Hirundo rustica*
* Cliff swallow, *Petrochelidon pyrrhonota* (A)
* Cave swallow, *Petrochelidon fulva*

## Kinglets

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Regulidae

The kinglets, also called crests, are a small group of birds often included in the Old World warblers, but frequently given family status because they also resemble the titmice.

* Ruby-crowned kinglet, *Corthylio calendula* (A)

## Waxwings

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Bombycillidae

The waxwings are a group of birds with soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and cedar waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter.

* Cedar waxwing, *Bombycilla cedrorum* (A)

## Mockingbirds and thrashers

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Mimidae

The mimids are a family of passerine birds that includes thrashers, mockingbirds, tremblers, and the New World catbirds. These birds are notable for their vocalizations, especially their ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. Their colouring tends towards dull-greys and browns.

* Gray catbird, *Dumetella carolinensis* (A)
* Bahama mockingbird, *Mimus gundlachii*
* Northern mockingbird, *Mimus polyglottos*

## Starlings

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Sturnidae

Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen.

* European starling, *Sturnus vulgaris* (I)
* Common myna, *Acridotheres tristis* (I)

## Thrushes and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Turdidae

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.

* Rufous-throated solitaire, *Myadestes genibarbis*
* Veery, *Catharus fuscescens* (A)
* Gray-cheeked thrush, *Catharus minimus*
* Bicknell's thrush, *Catharus bicknelli* (A)
* Swainson's thrush, *Catharus ustulatus* (A)
* Wood thrush, *Hylocichla mustelina* (A)
* White-eyed thrush, *Turdus jamaicensis* (E)
* American robin, *Turdus migratorius* (A)
* White-chinned thrush, *Turdus aurantius* (E)
* Red-legged thrush, *Turdus plumbeus*

## Weavers and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Ploceidae

The weavers are small passerine birds related to the finches. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly coloured, usually in red or yellow and black, and some species show variation in colour only in the breeding season.

* Northern red bishop, *Euplectes franciscanus* (I) (A)
* Yellow-crowned bishop, *Euplectes afer* (I)

## Waxbills and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Estrildidae

The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have wide variation in plumage colours and patterns.

* Scaly-breasted munia, *Lonchura punctulata* (I)
* Tricolored munia, *Lonchura malacca* (I)
* Chestnut munia, *Lonchura atricapilla* (I)

## Old World sparrows

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Passeridae

Sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects.

* House sparrow, *Passer domesticus* (I)

## Wagtails and pipits

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Motacillidae

Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws, and pipits. They are slender ground-feeding insectivores of open country.

* American pipit, *Anthus rubescens* (A)

## Finches, euphonias, and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Fringillidae

Finches are seed-eating passerine birds that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.

* Jamaican euphonia, *Euphonia jamaica* (E)
* Hispaniolan crossbill, *Loxia megaplaga* (A)

## New World sparrows

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Passerellidae

Until 2017, these species were considered part of the family Emberizidae. Most of the species are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many of these have distinctive head patterns.

* Grasshopper sparrow, *Ammodramus savannarum*
* Lark sparrow, *Chondestes grammacus* (A)
* Dark-eyed junco, *Junco hyemalis* (A)
* White-crowned sparrow, *Zonotrichia leucophrys* (A)
* Savannah sparrow, *Passerculus sandwichensis* (A)
* Lincoln's sparrow, *Melospiza lincolnii* (A)

## Spindalises

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Spindalidae

The members of this small family are native to the Greater Antilles. They were formerly classified as tanagers but were placed in their own family in 2017.

* Jamaican spindalis, *Spindalis nigricephala* (E)

## Yellow-breasted chat

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Icteriidae

This species was historically placed in the New World warblers but nonetheless most authorities were unsure if it belonged there. It was moved to its own family in 2017.

* Yellow-breasted chat, *Icteria virens* (A)

## Troupials and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Icteridae

The icterids are a group of small to medium-sized, often colourful, passerine birds restricted to the New World and include the grackles, New World blackbirds, and New World orioles. Most species have black as the predominant plumage colour, often enlivened by yellow, orange, or red.

* Bobolink, *Dolichonyx oryzivorus*
* Orchard oriole, *Icterus spurius* (A)
* Venezuelan troupial, *Icterus icterus* (Ex)
* Jamaican oriole, *Icterus leucopteryx leucopteryx* (Es)
* Baltimore oriole, *Icterus galbula* (A)
* Jamaican blackbird, *Nesopsar nigerrimus* (E)
* Shiny cowbird, *Molothrus bonariensis* (I)
* Great-tailed grackle, *Quiscalus mexicanus* (A) possibly (I)
* Greater Antillean grackle, *Quiscalus niger crassirostris* (Es)

## New World warblers

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Parulidae

The New World warblers are a group of small, often colourful, passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some are terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores.

* Ovenbird, *Seiurus aurocapilla*
* Worm-eating warbler, *Helmitheros vermivorus* (A)
* Louisiana waterthrush, *Parkesia motacilla*
* Northern waterthrush, *Parkesia noveboracensis*
* Golden-winged warbler, *Vermivora chrysoptera* (A)
* Blue-winged warbler, *Vermivora cyanoptera* (A)
* Black-and-white warbler, *Mniotilta varia*
* Prothonotary warbler, *Protonotaria citrea* (A)
* Swainson's warbler, *Limnothlypis swainsonii* (A)
* Tennessee warbler, *Leiothlypis peregrina* (A)
* Orange-crowned warbler, *Leiothlypis celata* (A)
* Nashville warbler, *Leiothlypis ruficapilla* (A)
* Connecticut warbler, *Oporornis agilis* (A)
* Mourning warbler, *Geothlypis philadelphia* (A)
* Kentucky warbler, *Geothlypis formosa* (A)
* Common yellowthroat, *Geothlypis trichas*
* Arrowhead warbler, *Setophaga pharetra* (E)
* Hooded warbler, *Setophaga citrina* (A)
* American redstart, *Setophaga ruticilla*
* Kirtland's warbler, *Setophaga kirtlandii* (A)
* Cape May warbler, *Setophaga tigrina*
* Cerulean warbler, *Setophaga cerulea* (A)
* Northern parula, *Setophaga americana*
* Magnolia warbler, *Setophaga magnolia* (A)
* Bay-breasted warbler, *Setophaga castanea* (A)
* Blackburnian warbler, *Setophaga fusca* (A)
* Yellow warbler, *Setophaga petechia*
* Chestnut-sided warbler, *Setophaga pensylvanica* (A)
* Blackpoll warbler, *Setophaga striata* (A)
* Black-throated blue warbler, *Setophaga caerulescens*
* Palm warbler, *Setophaga palmarum*
* Pine warbler, *Setophaga pinus* (A)
* Yellow-rumped warbler, *Setophaga coronata*
* Yellow-throated warbler, *Setophaga dominica*
* Prairie warbler, *Setophaga discolor*
* Black-throated green warbler, *Setophaga virens* (A)
* Canada warbler, *Cardellina canadensis* (A)
* Wilson's warbler, *Cardellina pusilla* (A)

## Cardinals and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Cardinalidae

The cardinals are a family of robust, seed-eating birds with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages.

* Summer tanager, *Piranga rubra* (A)
* Scarlet tanager, *Piranga olivacea* (A)
* Rose-breasted grosbeak, *Pheucticus ludovicianus* (A)
* Blue grosbeak, *Passerina caerulea* (A)
* Indigo bunting, *Passerina cyanea* (A)
* Painted bunting, *Passerina ciris* (A)
* Dickcissel, *Spiza americana* (A)

## Tanagers and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Thraupidae

The tanagers are a large group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World, mainly in the tropics. Many species are brightly coloured. As a family they are omnivorous, but individual species specialize in eating fruits, seeds, insects, or other types of food. Most have short, rounded wings.

* Saffron finch, *Sicalis flaveola* (I)
* Red-legged honeycreeper, *Cyanerpes cyaneus* (A)
* Bananaquit, *Coereba flaveola flaveola* (Es)
* Yellow-faced grassquit, *Tiaris olivacea*
* Orangequit, *Euneornis campestris* (E)
* Greater Antillean bullfinch, *Melopyrrha violacea ruficollis* (Es)
* Yellow-shouldered grassquit, *Loxipasser anoxanthus* (E)
* Black-faced grassquit, *Melanospiza bicolor*

## References

1. ↑ Lepage, Denis (March 13, 2021). "Checklist of birds of Jamaica". Avibase bird checklists of the world. Retrieved September 2, 2021.
2. ↑ "Check-list of North and Middle American Birds". American Ornithological Society. June 29, 2021. Retrieved August 9, 2021.
3. ↑ Taylor, B. (2020). Uniform Crake (*Amaurolimnas concolor*), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.unicra1.01 retrieved September 2, 2021
4. ↑ Turner, A. and E. de Juana (2020). Golden Swallow (*Tachycineta euchrysea*), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.golswa1.01 retrieved September 2, 2021

## See also

* List of birds
* Lists of birds by region