Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor

## **Reign**

* September 30, 1790 - March 1, 1792 (1 year, as Holy Roman Emperor)
* Preceded by Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor
* Succeeded by Francis I, Emperor of Austria

* August 18, 1765 - July 22, 1790 (24 years, as Grand Duke of Tuscany)
* Preceded by Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor
* Succeeded by Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany

## **Life Data**

* Peter Leopold Josef Anton Joachim Pius Gotthard
* House of Habsburg-Lorraine
* Born May 5, 1747 (Vienna, Austria)
* Died March 1, 1792 (44 years)

## **Immediate Family**

* Father: Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor (1708-65)
* Mother: Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria (1717-80)

* Sibling 1: Maria Elisabeth, Archduchess of Austria (1737-40)
* Sibling 2: Maria Anna, Archduchess of Austria (1738-89)
* Sibling 3: Maria Carolina, Archduchess of Austria (1740-41)
* Sibling 4: Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor (1741-90)
* Sibling 5: Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen (1742-98)
* Sibling 6: Maria Elisabeth, Archduchess of Austria (1743-1808)
* Sibling 7: Charles Joseph, Archduke of Austria (1745-61)
* Sibling 8: Maria Amalia, Duchess of Parma (1746-1804)
* Sibling 9: Maria Carolina, Archduchess of Austria (1748-48)
* Sibling 10: Maria Johanna Gabriela, Archduchess of Austria (1750-62)
* Sibling 11: Maria Josepha, Archduchess of Austria (1751-67)
* Sibling 12: Maria Carolina, Queen of Naples and Sicily (1752-1814)
* Sibling 13: Ferdinand Karl, Archduke of Austria-Este (1754-1806)
* Sibling 14: Marie Antoinette, Queen of France (1755-93)
* Sibling 15: Maximilian Francis, Archduke of Austria (1756-1801)

* Paternal Grandfather: Leopold, Duke of Lorraine (1679-1729)
* Paternal Grandmother: Élisabeth Charlotte, Princess of Orléans (1676-1744)

* Maternal Grandfather: Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor (1685-1740)
* Maternal Grandmother: Elisabeth Christine, Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1691-1750)

## **Wife: Maria Luisa, Infanta of Spain**

* Born November 24, 1745
* Father: Charles III, King of Spain (1716-88)
* Mother: Maria Amalia, Princess of Saxony (1724-60)
* Died May 15, 1792 (46 years)

* Marriage: August 5, 1765 - March 1, 1792 (26 years, died)

## **Child 1: Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria**

* Maria Theresia Josepha Charlotte Johanna
* Born January 14, 1767
* Died November 7, 1827 (60 years)

* Husband: Anthony, King of Saxony (1755-1836)
* Marriage: October 18, 1787 - November 7, 1827 (40 years, died)

* Child 1: Maria Ludovika, Princess of Saxony (1795-96)
* Child 2: Frederick Augustus, Prince of Saxony (1796-96)
* Child 3: Maria Johanna, Princess of Saxony (1798-99)
* Child 4: Maria Theresia, Princess of Saxony (1799-99)

## **Child 2: Francis I, Emperor of Austria**

* Franz Josef Karl
* Born February 12, 1768
* Died March 2, 1835 (67 years)

* First Wife: Elisabeth, Duchess of Württemberg (1767-90)
* Marriage: January 6, 1788 - February 18, 1790 (2 years, widowed)

* Child 1: Ludovika Elisabeth, Archduchess of Austria (1790-90)

* Second Wife: Maria Theresa, Princess of Naples and Sicily (1772-1807)
* Marriage: September 15, 1790 - April 13, 1807 (16 years, widowed)

* Child 2: Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma (1791-1847)
* m.1810 Napoleon I, Emperor of France (1769-1821)
* Children: 1 son
* m.1821 Adam Albert, Count von Neipperg (1775-1829)
* Children: 2 sons, 2 daughters
* m.1834 Charles-René, Count de Bombelles (1784-1856)

* Child 3: Ferdinand I, Emperor of Austria (1793-1875)
* m.1831 Maria Anna, Princess of Savoy (1803-84)

* Child 4: Marie Caroline, Archduchess of Austria (1794-95)
* Child 5: Caroline Ludovika, Archduchess of Austria (1795-97)

* Child 6: Maria Leopoldina, Archduchess of Austria (1797-1826)
* m.1817 Pedro I, Emperor of Brazil (1798-1834)
* Children: 3 sons, 4 daughters

* Child 7: Clementina, Archduchess of Austria (1798-1881)
* m.1816 Leopold, Prince of Salerno (1790-1851)
* Children: 1 son, 1 daughter

* Child 8: Joseph Franz, Archduke of Austria (1799-1807)

* Child 9: Marie Caroline, Archduchess of Austria (1801-32)
* m.1819 Frederick Augustus II, King of Saxony (1797-1854)

* Child 10: Franz Karl, Archduke of Austria (1802-78)
* m.1824 Sophie, Princess of Bavaria (1805-72)
* Children: 4 sons, 1 daughter

* Child 11: Marie Anne, Archduchess of Austria (1804-58)
* Child 12: Johann Nepomuk, Archduke of Austria (1805-09)
* Child 13: Amalie Theresa, Archduchess of Austria (1807-07)

* Third Wife: Maria Ludovika, Archduchess of Austria-Este (1787-1816)
* Marriage: January 6, 1808 - April 7, 1816 (8 years, widowed)

* Fourth Wife: Caroline Augusta, Princess of Bavaria (1792-1873)
* Marriage: October 29, 1816 - March 2, 1835 (18 years, died)

## **Child 3: Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany**

* Ferdinando Giuseppe Giovanni Battista
* Born May 6, 1769
* Died June 18, 1824 (55 years)

* First Wife: Luisa, Princess of Naples and Sicily (1773-1802)
* Marriage: August 15, 1790 - September 19, 1802 (12 years, widowed)

* Child 1: Carolina Ferdinanda, Archduchess of Austria (1793-1802)
* Child 2: Francesco Leopoldo, Grand Prince of Tuscany (1794-1800)

* Child 3: Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1797-1870)
* m.1817 Maria Anna, Princess of Saxony (1799-1832)
* Children: 3 daughters
* m.1833 Maria Antonia, Princess of the Two Sicilies (1814-98)
* Children: 5 sons, 5 daughters

* Child 4: Maria Luisa, Archduchess of Austria (1798-1857)

* Child 5: Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria (1801-55)
* m.1817 Charles Albert, King of Sardinia (1798-1849)
* Children: 2 sons, 1 daughter

* Second Wife: Maria Ferdinanda, Princess of Saxony (1796-1865)
* Marriage: May 6, 1821 - June 18, 1824 (3 years, died)

## **Child 4: Maria Anna, Archduchess of Austria**

* Maria Anna Ferdinanda Josepha Charlotte Johanna
* Born April 21, 1770
* Died October 1, 1809 (39 years)

## **Child 5: Charles, Duke of Teschen**

* Karl Ludwig Johann Josef Lorenz
* Born September 5, 1771
* Died April 30, 1847 (75 years)

* Wife: Henrietta, Princess of Nassau-Weilburg (1797-1829)
* Marriage: September 17, 1815 - December 29, 1829 (14 years, widowed)

* Child 1: Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria (1816-67)
* m.1837 Ferdinand II, King of the Two Sicilies (1810-59)
* Children: 8 sons, 4 daughters

* Child 2: Albrecht, Duke of Teschen (1817-95)
* m.1844 Hildegard, Princess of Bavaria (1825-64)
* Children: 1 son, 2 daughters

* Child 3: Karl Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria (1818-74)
* m.1854 Elisabeth Franziska, Archduchess of Austria (1831-1903)
* Children: 4 sons, 2 daughters

* Child 4: Friedrich, Archduke of Austria (1821-47)
* Child 5: Rudolph, Archduke of Austria (1822-22)

* Child 6: Maria Karoline, Archduchess of Austria (1825-1915)
* m.1852 Rainer Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria (1827-1913)

* Child 7: Wilhelm Franz, Archduke of Austria (1827-94)

## **Child 6: Alexander Leopold, Archduke of Austria**

* Alexander Leopold Johann Josef
* Born August 14, 1772
* Died July 12, 1795 (22 years)

## **Child 7: Albrecht, Archduke of Austria**

* Albrecht Johann Joseph
* Born September 19, 1773
* Died July 22, 1774 (10 months)

## **Child 8: Maximilian, Archduke of Austria**

* Maximilian Johann Joseph
* Born December 23, 1774
* Died March 10, 1778 (3 years)

## **Child 9: Joseph, Palatine of Hungary**

* Joseph Anton Johann Baptist
* Born March 9, 1776
* Died January 13, 1847 (70 years)

* First Wife: Alexandra Pavlovna, Grand Duchess of Russia (1783-1801)
* Marriage: October 30, 1799 - March 16, 1801 (1 year, widowed)

* Child 1: Alexandrine, Archduchess of Austria (1801-01)

* Second Wife: Hermine, Princess of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym (1797-1817)
* Marriage: August 30, 1815 - September 14, 1817 (2 years, widowed)

* Child 2: Hermine, Archduchess of Austria (1817-42)
* Child 3: Stephen, Palatine of Hungary (1817-67)

* Third Wife: Maria Dorothea, Duchess of Württemberg (1797-1855)
* Marriage: August 24, 1819 - January 13, 1847 (27 years, died)

* Child 4: Franziska Marie, Archduchess of Austria (1820-20)
* Child 5: Alexander, Archduke of Austria (1825-37)

* Child 6: Elisabeth Franziska, Archduchess of Austria (1831-1903)
* m.1847 Ferdinand Karl Viktor, Archduke of Austria-Este (1821-49)
* Children: 1 daughter
* m.1854 Karl Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria (1818-74)
* Children: 4 sons, 2 daughters

* Child 7: Joseph Karl, Archduke of Austria (1833-1905)
* m.1864 Clotilde, Princess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1846-1927)
* Children: 2 sons, 5 daughters

* Child 8: Marie Henriette, Archduchess of Austria (1836-1902)
* m.1853 Leopold II, King of Belgium (1835-1909)
* Children: 1 son, 3 daughters

## **Child 10: Maria Clementina, Archduchess of Austria**

* Marie Klementine Josepha Johanna Fidelis
* Born April 24, 1777
* Died November 15, 1801 (24 years)

* Husband: Francis I, King of the Two Sicilies (1777-1830)
* Marriage: June 26, 1797 - November 15, 1801 (4 years, died)

* Child 1: Marie-Caroline, Princess of the Two Sicilies (1798-1870)
* m.1816 Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry (1778-1820)
* Children: 2 sons, 2 daughters
* m.1831 Ettore Carlo Lucchesi-Palli, Duke della Grazia (1805-64)
* Children: 1 son, 4 daughters

* Child 2: Ferdinando, Duke of Noto (1800-01)

## **Child 11: Anton Victor, Archduke of Austria**

* Anton Viktor Joseph Johann Raimund
* Born August 31, 1779
* Died April 2, 1835 (55 years)

## **Child 12: Maria Amalia, Archduchess of Austria**

* Maria Amalia Josephe Johanna Katharina Theresia
* Born October 15, 1780
* Died December 25, 1798 (18 years)

## **Child 13: John, Archduke of Austria**

* Johann Baptist Joseph Fabian Sebastian
* Born January 20, 1782
* Died May 11, 1859 (77 years)

* Wife: Anna Plochl, Countess of Meran (1804-85)
* Marriage: February 18, 1829 - May 11, 1859 (30 years, died)

* Child 1: Franz, Count of Meran (1839-91)
* m.1862 Theresia, Countess von Lamberg (1836-1913)
* Children: 4 sons, 3 daughters

## **Child 14: Rainer Joseph, Archduke of Austria**

* Rainer Joseph Johann Michael Franz Hieronymus
* Born September 30, 1783
* Died January 16, 1853 (69 years)

* Wife: Elisabeth, Princess of Savoy (1800-56)
* Marriage: May 28, 1820 - January 16, 1853 (32 years, died)

* Child 1: Maria, Archduchess of Austria (1821-44)

* Child 2: Adelaide, Archduchess of Austria (1822-55)
* m.1842 Victor Emmanuel II, King of Italy (1820-78)
* Children: 6 sons, 2 daughters

* Child 3: Leopold Ludwig, Archduke of Austria (1823-98)

* Child 4: Ernest, Archduke of Austria (1824-99)
* m.1858 Laura, Countess Skublics de Velike et Bessenyö (1826-65)
* Children: 2 sons, 2 daughters

* Child 5: Sigismund, Archduke of Austria (1826-91)

* Child 6: Rainer Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria (1827-1913)
* m.1852 Maria Karoline, Archduchess of Austria (1825-1915)

* Child 7: Heinrich Anton, Archduke of Austria (1828-91)
* m.1868 Leopoldine Hofmann (1840-91)
* Children: 1 daughter

* Child 8: Maximilian, Archduke of Austria (1830-39)

## **Child 15: Louis, Archduke of Austria**

* Louis Joseph Anton Johann
* Born December 13, 1784
* Died December 21, 1864 (80 years)

## **Child 16: Rudolf, Archduke of Austria**

* Rudolf Johann Joseph Rainier
* Born January 18, 1788
* Died July 24, 1831 (43 years)