Ligne 120 KV - (Gueugnon - Henri-Paul)

## Présentation :

La ligne Gueugnon - Henri-Paul est une ligne à haute tension, initialement à 120 000 volts, qui reliait la ville industrielle de Gueugnon au poste d'interconnexion *Henri-Paul*, près de Montchanin. Elle a été fractionnée plusieurs fois au cours du XXe siècle et constitue aujourd'hui 3 lignes à 63 KV bien distinctes.

Chargement de la 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class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHenri-Paul\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Henri-Paul\n","link":"","lat":46.74642833048698,"lon":4.501452571333759,"icon":""},{"text":"\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EGueugnon\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Gueugnon\n","link":"","lat":46.60816052498717,"lon":4.074545920953554,"icon":""}]}
## Historique :

Les origines de la ligne remontent à la mise en service en 1924 du barrage de Chancy-Pougny à Challex, sur la frontière Franco-Suisse. Son but initial était d'approvisionner en énergie les usines métallurgiques du Creusot et le groupe Schneider&Cie avait pour cela fait construire une ligne double à 120 000 volts de 140 km achevée en 1926. Celle-ci arrivait à Ecuisse au poste de transformation *Jeanne Rose* (appelé aujourd'hui *Henri-Paul*) d'où le courant était ensuite distribué sous la tension de 45 KV.

Mais comme le Creusot ne pouvait absorber toute l'énergie produite par le barrage, il fallait vendre l'excédent dans les départements voisins de la Nièvre et la Côte d'Or. La famille Schneider étendit donc son programme de transport de force avec deux autres lignes à 120 KV, dirigées vers Sombernon au Nord et Garchizy (près de Nevers) à l'Ouest. Le groupe, associé à la Société Anonyme des Mines de Blanzy, fonda ainsi la *Compagnie Bourguignonne de Transport d'Energie* (BTE), destinée à transporter et livrer l'électricité.

Cette ligne, achevée en 1927, était donc le premier maillon de la branche reliant *Henri-Paul* à Nevers et qui devait desservir les industries et les centrales sur son parcours. Le poste de transformation 120/20KV de Gueugnon fut d'ailleurs créé pour alimenter les célèbres forges de la ville.

La ligne fut exploitée en 120 KV probablement jusqu'en 1951, quand elle fut fractionnée au hameau de *La Villeneuve* et déroutée sur 3,7 km pour se raccorder au nouveau poste 63 KV de la centrale thermique de Lucy à Montceau-les-Mines (qui se dotait alors de nouveaux équipements pour porter sa capacité à 80 mégawatts).

Elle sera interrompue une seconde fois en 1970 à Blanzy pour entrer en coupure dans un poste créé pour alimenter une usine Michelin nouvellement implantée sur le territoire.

A la fin des années 1980, le tracé de la ligne est légèrement modifié à Gueugnon suite au démantèlement de l'ancien poste datant de 1927.

L'ensemble de l'ex ligne Gueugnon - Henri-Paul a subi une modernisation en 2012 qui a vu notamment le remplacement des câbles conducteurs et d'une grande partie des pylônes par des supports plus robustes.

## Description du tracé :

Le tracé de la ligne suit une orientation Nord-Est/Sud-Ouest globalement.

* Elle part du poste de Gueugnon et évolue parallèlement à la ligne 225 KV Gueugnon - Henri-Paul (anciennement Gueugnon-Lucy avant l'arrêt de la centrale)
* Au bout de 5 km, elle s'écarte légèrement de la ligne à 225 KV avant de croiser la D985 à Saint-Romain-sous-Versigny.
* Au niveau de Montceau-les-Mines, la ligne passe à proximité des anciennes cités minières du "bois du Verne" et du "Val de Sorme". Elle bifurque ensuite plein Est après la D269.
* Elle croise la voie ferrée Paray-Montchanin, la N70 puis franchit le canal du Centre. Elle tourne ensuite vers le Nord-Est au niveau de Saint-Eusèbe.
* Depuis Saint-Eusèbe, la ligne parcours encore 2 km avant d'entrer de tourner à angle droit pour entrer dans le poste *Henri-Paul.*

## Tronçons récupérés pour la création de nouvelles lignes :

* Ligne 63 KV - (Gueugnon-Lucy)
* Ligne 63 KV - (Blanzy-Lucy)
* Ligne 63 KV - (Blanzy - Henri-Paul)

## Note :

La ligne était composée majoritairement de pylônes à 3 triangles mais aussi ponctuellement de supports type nappe bien caractéristiques du réseau BTE (photo ci-contre). On retrouvait notamment ces pylônes sur la ligne Henri-Paul - Sombernon avant qu'elle ne soit modernisée.

## Liens :

https://www.persee.fr/doc/helec\_0758-7171\_1996\_num\_28\_1\_1340