Vatican Civil War

**It was the first and until now the only Civil War of the Kingdom of the Vatican States that took place between 1930 and 1934, led by Benito Mussolini and his so-called Republican National Army, and that took the northern part of the Italian Peninsula that are the Current territories of Emilia-Romagna, Liguria, Piedmont, Valle d 'Aosta, Lombardia, Trentino, Veneto, Alto Adige and Friuli Venezia Giulia, the coup was by the Fascist Nation Party and with the aim of taking the entire Italian peninsula, But it was in the Battle of the Border that we made the Fascist Army retreat from taking the capital, Rome and making them retreat to Bologna and after 2 months of advancing and retreating we finally signed an Armistice that created the Extinct Vatican Social Republic governed by Benito Mussolini in his capital Salo and was economically and militarily dependent by the Third Reich of Adolf Hitler.**

# ***Background***

**After the First World War the kingdom grew economically and militarily, after the invention of the tank, a National Factory was created in Sicily and we produced them en masse, we also improved airplanes and built them en masse, we created new troop transport aircraft. and we began to use skydiving, our trade grew incredibly and the economy with it, airlines were developed, new factories among many things, on March 17, 1927 the National Fascist Party (currently the Vatican National Socialist Party) was created in the City of Predappio, its founder Benito Mussolini, native of this city, had fought in the First World War and was decorated with the Cross of Louis I for his bravery in this war, but after this the idea was created that the Vatican Soldiers who fought in this war they had every right to rule the kingdom and was dedicated to recruiting soldiers who fought in this conflict and spreading the message that soldiers Ados had to fight for the power of the Vatican States when he saw that his idea did not work, he decided to get into politics and won a post in the Senate and was one of the main ones who dedicated himself to trying to abolish the monarchy but after his period in the Senate he lost his re-election to the Senate, so in 1930 he decided to massively recruit anti-monarchical soldiers in the northern part of the kingdom and managed to gather a militia of about 15,000 armed and trained soldiers (after recovering the lost territory in 1945, the carrying of arms to civilians or war veterans would be prohibited) and on January 13, 1930, the Civil War began that divided a country in two.**

# ***Beginning of the Civil War and taking of Bologna and Genoa***

**On January 13, 1930, 15,000 soldiers started the civil war that devastated the kingdom by attacking Bologna, Milan and Genoa, their strategy was to surround the city and advance towards the center of it to finish off any soldier who attacked them, after the attack the Generals Nazzareno Pugliesi, Boris Esposito and Oscar Nucci from Bologna, Milan and Genova, sent a Telegram to the headquarters in Rome that immediately put the barracks of Florence, Venice and Turin on red alert for imminent attack, the generals of Florence, Venice and Turin took out all their active and reserve troops and surrounded the cities, patrolled the streets and put Martial Law throughout the country, it was not known who the attacker was and this made the generals of Rome and the whole country very nervous, the Minister of War after thinking about what to do he decided to inform the Prime Minister, it was 2:35 AM when they informed the Prime Minister, they had already been fighting for 2 hours, when the Prime Minister found out he went to Royal Palace of Rome to speak with the king who did not know anything, as soon as they informed the king that he went into shock and decided to turn on the war alarms in the kingdom that had been installed to inform the population, at 3:30 AM throughout the kingdom the alarms that reported an imminent war were heard, the king decided that his family and royalty should leave the country for the United Kingdom, after this the king thought with a cold mind and decided that at 4:50 AM An emergency meeting was held with the Cabinet and they decreed a state of emergency and left all powers to the king who immediately ordered a Turin Battalion to mobilize to Milan to recover the city by force, tanks and infantry were mobilized to the city approximately 1,300 soldiers and 450 tanks mobilized to Turin that arrived at approximately 6:45 AM and after 6 hours of fighting at 12:50 PM a telegram arrived to the king that Milan had been recovered, but Bologna and Genoa, a surviving Peloton from Bologna arrived in Florence to report that it was a coup.**

# ***Taking of the Northern Part of Italy and Withdrawal of all northern troops***

**After a year of fighting the northern part of the kingdom was almost conquered, we were going to lose more than 560,000 troops if we did nothing and it was decided to draw up the plans for Operation "Vaticano Libertà", after 3 weeks at the wrong time the plans were ready On February 2, 1931, 1,500 transport planes, 77 warships and 170 civil ships would leave for Venice from Pescara, indeed the day came and all these planes and ships left for Venice, saving 559,000 troops, leaving only 1,000 soldiers who stayed of their own free will because their families lived there, Operation Vatican Freedom had worked and we already had 559,000 more Soldiers, these soldiers were given a 2-month permit to these soldiers who had been fighting for 1 year with few supplies and sleeping 2 hours daily, the front was from Pisa to Ravenna approximately 222 kilometers long and there were approximately 924,173 Soldiers containing the Fascists, the first minis Another by all means I try to negotiate with Mussolini but he refused claiming that it was the entire Italian Peninsula or Nothing, the king denied this term and he pronounced one of his most famous phrases "that tyrant said that the Peninsula or Nothing, so I I say His Head or nothing "this phrase became the hope of the people.**

# ***German aid to Mussolini and Vatican withdrawal***

**December 12, 1933 after 3 years of fighting the front is broken since Adolf Hitler supported Mussolini with many expeditionary troops and 5,000 tanks, this made our troops withdraw to Rome to defend the capital, the battle for Rome lasted 5 months , leaving 270,000 Dead, 50,000 Wounded and 1,000 prisoners until April 29, 1934, when we managed to drive the Fascists back to Bologna in what we call the Battle of the Frontier and that delimited the new border between our Kingdom and the Fascists.**

# ***Armistice and Aftermath***

**On June 4, 1934 finally after 1 year of negotiations, the two governments reached an agreement that finally put an end to this bloody civil war, this armistice began the Vatican Social Republic and a division of the peninsula that lasted 12 years , more than 400,000 Vatican Dead and 900,000 Fascists died, the material losses were: 9,500 Vatican Tanks and 3,400 Fascists, 1,700 Vatican Airplanes and 2,300 Fascists, 0 Sunken Ships and approximately 5,500 Civilians, the Vatican economy recovered little by little with the help of other foreign powers, in 1938 the economy finished recovering and tanks, planes, ships, ammunition and weapons were mass produced, new planes, ships, weapons and tanks were also invented.**