Qaddafi was anti-communist

* "The Facts About Racism in Libya" by Rayyan Ghuma https://socialistworker.org/2011/03/14/facts-about-racism-in-libya [EN] (Trotskyist publication)
* "Helter Skelter: Qaddafi's African Adventure" by Clay Caliborne https://www.dailykos.com/stories/2011/8/19/1007296/ [EN]
* "How Climate Change Leads to Violent Conflict Around the World" by Razmig Keucheyan https://www.alternet.org/2017/04/how-climate-change-leads-violent-conflict-around-world/ [EN]
* "Sudan: Behind the Massacre in Khartoum" https://crimethinc.com/2019/06/14/sudan-behind-the-massacre-in-khartoum-the-perpetrators-and-the-backstory [EN]
* "The myth of Gaddafi the radical" by Phil Marfleet https://socialistworker.co.uk/art/25398/The+myth+of+Gaddafi+the+radical [EN] (Trotskyist publication)
* “Gaddafi’s Libya: From nationalism to neoliberalism” by Peter Boyle https://www.greenleft.org.au/content/gaddafi%C3%A2%C2%80%C2%99s-libya-nationalism-neoliberalism [EN]
* “Libya under Gaddafi” by Clay Claiborne https://newpol.org/issue\_post/libya-under-gaddafi/ [EN]
* “Denied Existence: Libyan-Berbers under Gaddafi and Hope for the Current Revolution” https://mergueze.info/denied-existence-libyan-berbers-under-gaddafi-and-hope-for-the-current-revolution/
* “The Evolution of a Russian Troll” by Amy MacKinnon https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/07/10/the-evolution-of-a-russian-troll-russia-libya-detained-tripoli/ [EN] (archived: https://archive.vn/LkT7Y, owned by Graham Holdings Company)
* “Qui a fait tuer Sankara ? Ouagadougou, l’ombre d’une main étrangère” https://webdoc.rfi.fr/burkina-faso-qui-a-fait-tuer-sankara/chap-03/index.html [FR]
* "Italian revelations on the assassination of Thomas Sankara" by Silvestro Montanaro https://www.pambazuka.org/pan-africanism/italian-revelations-assassination-thomas-sankara [EN]
* “Procès de Charles Taylor : ‘Pourquoi Compaoré et Kadhafi ne sont-ils pas dans le box des accusés ? ‘ : Extraits des minutes du 9 mars 2011.” https://www.thomassankara.net/proces-de-charles-taylor-pourquoi-compaore-et-kadhafi-ne-sont-ils-pas-dans-le-box-des-accuses-extraits-des-minutes-du-9-mars-2011/ [FR]
* “Assassination of Thomas Sankara: evidence of a documentary by RAI 3 involve France, CIA and Blaise Compaoré”  http://www.thomassankara.net/assassination-of-thomas-sankara-evidence-of-a-documentary-by-rai-3-involve-france-cia-and-blaise-compaore/ [EN]
* "Muammar al-Gaddafi: Obstacle to African unity" by Horace Campbell https://www.pambazuka.org/pan-africanism/muammar-al-gaddafi-obstacle-african-unity [EN]
* "The nature of the Gaddafi regime – historical background notes" by Fred Weston https://www.marxist.com/nature-of-gaddafi-regime.htm [EN] (Trotskyist publication)
* "Libyan oil workers strike for the removal of managers linked to Gaddafi" by Jorge Martin https://www.marxist.com/libyan-oil-workers-strike-to-remove-pro-gaddafi-managers.htm [EN] (Trotskyist publication)
* "US: Torture and Rendition to Gaddafi’s Libya" https://www.hrw.org/news/2012/09/05/us-torture-and-rendition-gaddafis-libya [EN]
* "US-Led Abuse and Rendition of Opponents to Gaddafi’s Libya" https://www.hrw.org/report/2012/09/05/delivered-enemy-hands/us-led-abuse-and-rendition-opponents-gaddafis-libya [EN]; "الانتهاكات وعمليات تسليم الخصوم قسراً إلى ليبيا في عهد القذافي بإشراف أمريكي" https://www.hrw.org/ar/report/2012/09/06/257975 [AR]

### **Research Articles**

* "The Libyan doctors' brain drain: an exploratory study" by Hani TS Benamer, Amin Bredan, and Omran Bakoush https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3225812/ [EN]
* “The Stateless Tebu of Libya?” by L Van Waas https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/52aace474.pdf [EN] (Mostly on the Toubou/Tebu Peoples with some parts on Gaddafi’s persecution of them)

### **News Articles**

* "EU keen to strike deal with Muammar Gaddafi on immigration" by Ian Traynor https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/sep/01/eu-muammar-gaddafi-immigration [EN] (owned by Scott Trust Limited)
* "Gold, weapons, fighters: Sudanese Janjaweed's international path to power" by Kaamil Ahmed https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/gold-weapons-and-fighters-international-path-sudans-janjaweed-took-power-and-fortune [EN]
* “Libya survivor describes 1996 prison massacre” by Evan Hill https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2011/09/20119223521462487.html [EN] (Qatari state-owned media with anti-Saudi geopolitics)
* “File note close CIA ties to Quaddafi Spy Unit” by Rod Nordland https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/03/world/africa/03libya.html [EN] (archived: https://archive.vn/uuERs, owned by the New York Times Company)
* “Moscow reportedly seeking to take Gaddafi's son from Lebanese jail” by MEE Staff https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/moscow-reportedly-seeking-take-gaddafis-son-lebanese-jail [EN]
* “Life on the Run No Bar to Qaddafi Son Leading Libya, Russia Says” by Henry Meyer, Stepan Kravchenko, and Samer Al-Atrush https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-12-27/life-on-the-run-no-bar-to-qaddafi-son-leading-libya-russia-says [EN]
* "Gaddafi says protesters are on hallucinogenic drugs" https://www.reuters.com/article/us-libya-protests-gaddafi-idUSTRE71N4NI20110224 [EN]
* "Gaddafi: 'Amazigh no longer exist'" https://www.amazighworld.org/eng/human\_rights/index\_show.php?id=77 [EN]
* “Italian revelations on the assassination of Thomas Sankara” by Silvestro Montanaro https://www.pambazuka.org/pan-africanism/italian-revelations-assassination-thomas-sankara [EN]
* "Ties That Bind Kadafi and Neo-Fascists" by Martin A. Lee https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-aug-13-op-3534-story.html [EN] (archived: https://archive.is/bFhE4)
* "Many deaths in Libya tribal clashes" https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2012/6/10/many-deaths-in-libya-tribal-clashes [EN] (Qatari state-owned media with anti-Saudi geopolitics)

* "The EU's dubious refugee deal" by Bjarte Vandvik https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/oct/20/eu-refugee-libya-gaddafi [EN] (owned by Scott Trust Limited)
* "Gaddafi wants EU cash to stop African migrants" https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-11139345 [EN] (British state-owned media)
* "How Libya became a dead end for migrants" by Rana Jawad https://www.bbc.com/news/10338790 [EN] (British state-owned media)
* "Where slavery isn't history" by Augustine Lado and Betty Hinds https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/1993/10/17/where-slavery-isnt-history/b7f888f4-742a-45f2-9d74-a009e8757234/?utm\_term=.ce541eb22bc5 [EN] (owned by Nash Holdings)
* "'Modern slave' migrants toil in Italy's tomato fields" by Silvia Aloisi https://www.reuters.com/article/us-italy-immigrants-tomatoes-idUSTRE58R1TW20090928 [EN]
* "Gaddafi's Libya: African brother or simply racist ?" http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/talking\_point/debates/african\_debates/953159.stm [EN] (British state-owned media)
* "Libya unrest: SAS members 'captured near Benghazi'" https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-12658054 [EN] (British state-owned media)
* "Has Gaddafi unleashed a mercenary force on Libya?" by David Smith https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/feb/22/gaddafi-mercenary-force-libya {EN] (owned by Scott Trust Limited)
* "A Leader Beyond Reproach Limits the Possibilities for Political Change" by Michael Slackman http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/20/world/africa/20libya.html [EN] (archived: https://archive.ph/KDEuq, owned by New York Times Company)
* Making money from EU’s migration policies in Libya" by Martin Lemberg-Pedersen https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2018/1/2/making-money-from-eus-migration-policies-in-libya [EN] (Qatari state-owned media with anti-Saudi geopolitics)
* "From the archive, 8 September 1973: Gaddafi and Castro clash over Soviet Union" by Hella Pick https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/sep/08/gaddafi-castro-soviet-union-communism-1973 [EN] (owned by Scott Trust Limited)

### **Magazines Articles**

* "What is the Third Position?" by Chip Barlet https://www.politicalresearch.org/2016/12/19/what-third-position [EN]

### **Blog Posts**

* “UK Helped ‘Anti-Imperialist’ Libyan Dictator Gaddafi Crush Dissidents” by Ben Norton https://web.archive.org/web/20150604153251/http://bennorton.com/uk-helped-anti-imperialist-libyan-dictator-gaddafi-crush-dissidents/ [EN] (archived, Ben Norton deleted most of his tweets and posts before *The Grayzone* started associating with *RT*)
* "The “Anti-Imperialist” Nations of Iran, Syria, and Libya Participated in the CIA Torture Program" https://web.archive.org/web/20150403165743/http://bennorton.com/the-anti-imperialist-nations-of-iran-syria-and-libya-participated-in-the-cia-torture-program/ [EN] (archived, Ben Norton deleted most of his tweets and posts before *The Grayzone* started associating with *RT*)
* "@DemocracyNow on the Libyan Model: Who killed Gaddafi?" by Clay Claiborne https://claysbeach.blogspot.com/2018/05/democracynow-on-libyan-model-who-killed.html [EN]
* "Arming Gaddfi" by Clay Claiborne https://claysbeach.blogspot.com/2011/02/arming-gaddfi\_7989.html [EN]
* "NATO's Game Plan in Libya" by Clay Claiborne https://claysbeach.blogspot.com/2011/07/nato-game-plan-in-libya\_9510.html [EN]
* "Extreme racism & slave auctions 3 times a week in Gaddafi's Libya" by Clay Claiborne https://claysbeach.blogspot.com/2018/05/extreme-racism-slave-auctions-3-times\_20.html [EN]
* "Gaddafi’s Role In Burkina Faso Examined." by Waco's Storytime https://medium.com/@RegularSanstan/gaddafis-role-in-burkina-faso-examined-3baa630b4486 [EN]

### **Documents**

* “Globalizing Torture: CIA Secret Detention and Extraordinary Rendition” by Open Society Justice Initiative https://www.justiceinitiative.org/uploads/655bbd41-082b-4df3-940c-18a3bd9ed956/globalizing-torture-20120205.pdf [PDF, 1.08MB, EN]
* "Delivered Into Enemy Hands: US-Led Abuse and Rendition of Opponents to Gaddafi’s Libya"https://web.archive.org/web/20190725145546/https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/libya0912webwcover\_1.pdf [PDF, 8.62MB, EN] (by Human Rights Watch which is treated with skepticism by anti-American alt-imperialists)

### **Encyclopedia**

#### **Events**

* “Chadian-Libyan Conflict” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chadian%E2%80%93Libyan\_conflict [EN]
* "1971 Sudanese coup d'état" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1971\_Sudanese\_coup\_d%27%C3%A9tat [EN]

#### **Movements**

* "Heritage Front" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heritage\_Front [EN]
* "National Front (UK)" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National\_Front\_(UK) [EN]

### **Books**

* “A Certain Amount of Madness: The Life, Politics and Legacies of Thomas Sankara” by Amber Murrey http://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=75DEFBD3A96C72BA0486D3273C3D7E50 [PDF, 5MB, EN]; http://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=B9D689B27CC93D6ACB5D89C9FC0090FA [EPUB, 3MB, EN]
* “The Beast Reawakens: Fascism's Resurgence from Hitler's Spymasters to Today's Neo-Nazi Groups and Right-Wing Extremists” by Martin E. Lee http://libgen.rs/book/index.php?md5=AE9071A4E2A2C5D0053F59C240DE206A [PDF, 15MB, EN]
* "Music, youth and international links in post-war British fascism : the transformation of extremism" by Ryan Shaffer http://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=22ED8FC15F8038E0768FD1EC3BF6560B [PDF, 4MB, EN]
* "Failed Fuhrers: A History of Britain’s Extreme Right" by Graham Macklin http://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=A63B66A757214F03A52980F1FD183B97 [EPUB, 2MB, EN]; http://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=B76B47FF3888F68C9000E70381006001 [PDF, 10MB, EN]
* "Perilous Desert: Insecurity in the Sahara" by Frederic Wehrey and Anouar Boukhars https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=E5302BEEAD07FE3E66008D8FEE009EED [PDF, 15MB, EN]
* "Genocide in Darfur: Investigating the Atrocities in the Sudan" by Samuel Totten and Eric Markusen https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=62E5ABEE7B2E594875743FCAB6D4268D [PDF, 6MB, EN]

### **Videos**

* “Gaddafi Are You Anti-Communist?” uploaded by Ave Thomaz https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3V8Ws7Cygcw [0:18, EN]
* "Libya's Tabu Tribe | Full Documentary | TRACKS" uploaded by TRACKS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Ud7LzbaOt8 [AR, Tebu, English subtitles, 01:23:19] (mentions Qaddafi’s repression of the indigenous Tabu people)

### **Websites**

* “Thomas Sankara” https://www.thomassankara.net/ [EN]
* "The Rendition Project" https://www.therenditionproject.org.uk/ [EN]

Archived

* https://archive.ph/mW6Pk [EN] - claims on a forum about Qaddafi's mistreatments of Nigerians
* https://archive.ph/w0J6b [EN] - Google Groups discussion about Qaddafi's mistreatments of Nigerians

### **Notes**

* Went to war with Chad over the Aouzou Strip
* Supported the Janjawid, an Arab supremacist militia that carried out atrocities in Darfur
* Qaddafi had Thomas Sankara assassinated
* Qaddafi advocated against communism. He explicitly said he was anti-communist and anti-capitalist, and instead suggests “a third way” (fascist dog-whistle)
* Qaddafi knew about CIA plot to overthrow Sankara
* Qaddafi worked with Tony Blair and George Bush to torture people in their rendition programs. He was an American [and a British] asset for American and European Islamophobic “War on Terror”
* Qaddafi was a huge fan of Juan Perón. He met with José López Rega, the leader of Perón's anti-communist death squads, and celebrated him with banners in Tripoli
* Qaddafi declared the Libyan Toubou to be all Chadians and forcibly evicted them
* Qaddafi invited white supremacists to LIbya during the 1980s and massively funded distribution of the Green Book to white supremacist and ultranationalist groups
* Qaddafi deliberately kept Black Libyans out of government
* Qaddafi set up the Islamic Legion to ethnically cleanse the Sahel and turned it into an Arab supremacist ethnostate
* The EU was happy to pay Qaddafi billions of Euros, and look the other way, so long as he stranded migrants in the desert rather than allow them to reach Mediterranean shores.
* Qaddafi has a whole section (Chapter 25) of anti-Black rhetoric in his Green Book