Earth

**Earth**, also known as **the Earth** was a planet in the solar system whose native sapient species included the human race and the Silurians. (TV: *Doctor Who and the Silurians*) The twin planet of Mondas, it was the third planet from its sun and therefore also known as **Sol III** (or **Sol 3**), (TV: *The Invasion of Time*) though mainly to extraterrestrial cultures. Eventually, it was shifted across two light years by the Time Lords, and renamed **Ravolox**. (TV: *The Mysterious Planet*)

By the 20th century, various incarnations of the Doctor, as well as Romana (TV: *City of Death*) referred to Earth as a "Level 5 planet".

It was a planet in which the the Doctor had a "particular interest". (TV: *The War Games*) Certainly, it was the planet from which the Doctor drew most of their travelling companions.

Still, it was not a planet that was merely ripe for invasion. Its history included long periods of time where it was a formidable player in intergalactic politics. At the height of its influence, Earth was the centre of several massive empires and confederations, and its DNA was flung to the furthest reaches of the universe. (TV: *Frontier in Space*, *The Monster of Peladon*)

## Astronomical Data

### Location

Earth was located at galactic coordinates 58044 684884 (TV: *The Pirate Planet*) in Sector 8023 of the Third Quadrant. (TV: *Logopolis*) Being caught in a time corridor on Frontios, the Fifth Doctor commented that the TARDIS was being dragged towards "the middle of the universe" before arriving on Earth. (TV: *Frontios*)

It was the third planet in the solar system. (TV: *The Deadly Assassin*, *The Invasion of Time*) Earth's "constellation" was later shifted across two light-years of space by the Time Lords and renamed "Ravolox" circa 2,000,000 AD, being returned at some later point to its original location. (TV: *The Mysterious Planet*)

### Geology

Earth was rich in many valuable metals and elements. (PROSE: *Doctor Who and the Day of the Daleks*) It was one of the few sources of quartz in the galaxy (TV: *The Pirate Planet*) and was also rich in silicon and carbon. (TV: *Four to Doomsday*)

### Atmosphere and gravity

Carbon dioxide was vital to Earth's lower atmosphere. (TV: *The Ice Warriors*)

As the Third Doctor noted, with the invention of the motor car came a change in Earth's atmosphere. (TV: *Colony in Space*)

### Geography

Earth's surface changed considerably over the course of its long history, owing to its high seismic activity. When native life first appeared on the planet, for example, what later became the middle of the Atlantic Ocean was a vast, rocky wasteland. (TV: *City of Death*) However, in the days of the Second Great and Bountiful Human Empire, the Earth was far less polluted than in the twentieth century. (TV: *The Daleks' Master Plan*)

## Sapient Native Species

Several sapient and semi-sapient species evolved on Earth, though the most important and influential ones were the humans and Earth Reptiles, known as Silurians. (TV: *Love and War*)

## Flora and fauna

The Fourth Doctor stated that Earth was the only planet in its galaxy where oak trees grew. (TV: *The Android Invasion*)

## Historical significance

### Early history

#### Before Life

One account stated that the Sentience existed like a fissure in the universe, around which the Earth formed, trapping it. (TV: *Nightshade*)

Around 3 billion BC, the consciousness of the Sou(ou)shi settled on Earth and went into dormancy. (TV: *Venusian Lullaby*)

#### Creation of Life

Native life eventually developed due to the explosion of a Jagaroth spaceship circa 400 million BC. (TV: *City of Death*)

#### Dinosaurs, Silurians and Sea Devils

Various species of saurian creatures dominated the planet until circa 65 million BC when a freighter from 2526 time-warped to this period and exploded in the upper atmosphere. The resulting clouds of dirt and smoke obscured the Sun, lowering the temperature and causing mass extinctions. (TV: *Earthshock*)

Reptilian Silurians (TV: *Doctor Who and the Silurians*) and Sea Devils (TV: *The Sea Devils*) were also active and were the dominant species on Earth. The reign of the Silurians and Sea Devils came to a final end when the small planet (later known as Earth's primary satellite, the Moon) entered Earth's orbit. (TV: *Doctor Who and the Silurians*) Some of the reptilian scientists, such as Dr Wolik, calculated that the Moon would closely approach Earth, drawing off the atmosphere (PROSE: *Doctor Who and the Cave-Monsters*, COMIC: *Twilight of the Silurians*) and destroying "all life". (TV: *Doctor Who and the Silurians*) The Fifth Doctor recalled that the Silurian astronomers predicted that Earth was about to be "struck" by the planet at the time. (PROSE: *Warriors of the Deep*) The reptiles went into suspended animation until the atmosphere returned. Because the atmosphere never went away, they stayed in hibernation for millions of years. (TV: *Doctor Who and the Silurians*) Nonetheless, the effects of the Moon's arrival, while never completely pulling the atmosphere away, caused huge tidal waves to sweep over its continents, volcanoes to erupt, earthquakes bringing mountains down and cyclones to rage across the planet. Millions of humanity's ape ancestors drowned or were blown into rocks by the winds, but some survived and multiplied. (PROSE: *Doctor Who and the Cave-Monsters*) During millions of years of hibernation, the reactivation machinery of the reptiles' hibernation units deteriorated, (TV: *The Sea Devils*) though some were still reawakened due to outside influences. (TV: *Evolution*)

Apes, regarded by the reptiles as pests, eventually evolved into the species known as humans, given a substantial jolt forward when the Fendahl Core arrived in Africa circa 12 million BC. (TV: *Image of the Fendahl*)

### Human Age

#### The rise of human civilisation

Human civilisation evolved quickly, assisted (either accidentally or directly) by the Dæmons, (TV: *The Dæmons*) the various temporal fragments of Scaroth, (TV: *City of Death*) the predatory nature imparted to humans by the Fendahl, (TV: *Image of the Fendahl*) Scaroth claimed responsibility for the inventions of fire and the wheel. (TV: *City of Death*)

The Osirans apparently had an influence on Earth around 5000 BC, inspiring many aspects of Ancient Egypt and imprisoning one of their number, Sutekh, in Egypt. (TV: *Pyramids of Mars*) The Third Doctor said that the Dæmons helped *Homo sapiens* "kick out" Neanderthal man. He mentioned the Greek civilisation, the Renaissance, the Industrial Revolution, and various myths, gods and devils including Khnum and the Horned Beast as being inspired by the Dæmons. (TV: *The Dæmons*)

For "a half a million years", humanity systematically killed one another in conflicts. (TV: *The War Games*) Human beings' predatory and aggressive nature was evident in the many conflicts which humans fought amongst themselves throughout much of their early history, such as during the siege of Troy, the Dark Ages and the American War of Independence. (TV: *The Mark of the Rani*) Other conflicts, including World War I, the English Civil War, the American Civil War, the Mexican Civil War, the Crimean War, the Boer War, the Russo-Japanese War, the Thirty Years' War and the Peninsular War were also exploited by the War Lords, who kidnapped human soldiers from these various conflicts in Earth history for use in their war games. (TV: *The War Games*)

#### 20th and 21st Centuries

The Second World War was regarded as the most devastating war in human history by the early 21st century, lasting from 1939 to 1945. (TV: *Operation Werewolf*)

This threat was somewhat alleviated when the great powers entrusted their nuclear launch codes to the United Kingdom for safe-keeping (TV: *Robot*) Scaroth was killed in 1979. (TV: *City of Death*)

While Earth had been visited by aliens many times throughout its history, the launching of space probes made such visits more frequent, as *Homo sapiens* began drawing attention to themselves. (TV: *Spearhead from Space*) These visits also tended to be more openly hostile. Earth was saved from conquest or outright annihilation often only through the intercession of the Doctor. An attack by the Great Intelligence would finally force the Earth's governments to agree on a unified response to aliens: the United Nations body known as UNIT. (TV: *The Web of Fear*, *The Invasion*) Despite this increase in invasions, a number of aliens that arrived were benevolent. The Seventh Doctor would remark that these cover-ups were helped by the fact humans didn't *want* to notice, and were performing self-deception on themselves. (TV: *Remembrance of the Daleks*)

Humanity faced extinction, but not only survived; they achieved major advances in space travel and developed weather control technology. (TV: *The Moonbase*) Humanity would go on to create an early form of transmat. (TV: *The Seeds of Death*) By 2084, there were again two vast power blocs in conflict and the threat of nuclear war, (TV: *Warriors of the Deep*) the last having been not even a century previously. (TV: *Crime of the Century*) According to one account, the tensions between the competing blocs ended with the Martian assault of 2086, when Paris was destroyed. A Thousand Day War against a common alien enemy united humans and planted the seeds for a united Earth. (TV: *Transit*)

#### 22nd Century Dalek invasion

The 22nd century Dalek invasion proved devastating to Earth. They released a plague across the Earth. Over a six-month period, Africa, Asia and South America were almost wiped out; humanity was barely able to resist when the Daleks arrived. (TV: *The Dalek Invasion of Earth*) New York City and many other cities were destroyed. (TV: *The Chase*) For ten years, the remaining inhabitants of Earth were terrorised by the Dalek forces, who enslaved many and turned others into Robomen, while the Daleks attempted to turn Earth into a mobile dreadnought. Only a handful of resistance groups existed.

#### Aftermath of the Daleks

Earth recovered and a major "break-out" of colonisation took place. (TV: *The Romance of Crime*)

#### Earth Empires

In time the planet formed a unified government and an Earth Empire emerged. This dominated most of Mutter's Spiral for over 500 years. This empire at times came into military conflict with other space powers, particularly the Draconians, (TV: *Frontier in Space*) and the Cybermen. (TV: *Earthshock*) It often employed oppressive and disenfranchising policies on the indigenous inhabitants of its colonies. (TV: *The Power of Kroll*, *The Mutants*) Alongside Draconia, Earth would fight and win the Second Dalek War. Before the war, Earth and the Empire was overseen by a president. (TV: *Frontier in Space*)

Unrest among the subjugated alien races, instabilities in the Empire's political and economic structure, and ecological damage to Earth eventually led to the decline of the Empire. (TV: *The Mutants*)

In the 32nd century, Earth was a founding member of the Galactic Federation. (TV: *Legacy*) By the 34th century, the Earth was the capital of the Human Empire, which spanned several galaxies. (TV: *Subjects of War*)

By the year 4000, Earth and its dominions were ruled by a Guardian of the Solar System, with the Space Security Service handling military intelligence. The incumbent Guardian, Mavic Chen, plotted with the Daleks to form an alliance against Earth which was exposed by the First Doctor and SSS agent Sara Kingdom. (TV: *The Daleks' Master Plan*) By 5000 Earth was experiencing a Second Ice Age but was populated. The populace was divided into advanced national alliances resulting in World War VI. (TV: *The Talons of Weng-Chiang*) This time period saw the Great Breakout, where humans began spreading out from Earth in great numbers. (TV: *The Invisible Enemy*)

#### Later Events

Earth, in its later history, was abandoned numerous times by its human inhabitants, first in 6087 when solar flares bombarded the planet, leaving Earth uninhabited for 10,000 years. (TV: *The Ark in Space*) The population of Earth was evacuated in vast starships, while a small number of people were left behind aboard Nerva Beacon to begin the repopulation of the planet once conditions on the surface were suitable for life. Humans elsewhere carried on with another period of colonial expansion under GalSec. (TV: *The Ark in Space*, *The Sontaran Experiment*) Nerva Beacon's evacuees returned to Earth after ten thousand years had passed. They recolonised the planet. (TV: *The Ark in Space*)

According to one account, by the year 37,166, Earth had been abandoned "since the start of the third era". (PROSE: *Doctor Who and the Planet of Evil*)

Some time after, Earth was visited by the Usurians, who relocated the dying human population first to Mars and then Pluto. Generations later, humans had thrown off the yoke of Usurian exploitation and returned to Earth. (TV: *The Sun Makers*)

About the year 2,000,000, Earth was relocated two light-years from its proper position by the Time Lords to prevent the escape of aliens from the constellation of Andromeda who had stolen information from the Matrix on Gallifrey. Most of the humans remaining on Earth were wiped out. Those that survived degenerated to a primitive, tribal culture. The planet came to be known as Ravolox, with Earth being completely forgotten. The inhabitants of Ravolox eventually came to know of the true nature and history of their planet and to rebuild their civilisation. (TV: *The Mysterious Planet*) The prophecy of the Vampire Messiah also used the name Ravolox for Earth. (TV: *Goth Opera*).

### Earth's Destruction

In the 57th segment of Time, the last humans left Earth because of the increasing danger that it would fall into the Sun, fleeing to planets such as Refusis II and Frontios. (TV: *The Ark*, *Frontios*)

### Alternate Timelines

#### Alternate 20th Centuries

On one occasion, guerrilla fighters from an alternate timeline of 22nd century Earth attempted to prevent their own future and instead caused it. Shura bombed Auderly House where Sir Reginald Styles was holding the second World Peace Conference, vital to preventing World War III. As a result, many world leaders were killed and a series of wars devastated the planet, killing seven-eighths of the population. By the 22nd century, the Earth was under the rule of the Daleks. After travelling to this future, the Third Doctor and Jo Grant pieced together what had actually happened to cause the future which had previously been blamed upon Styles. After being informed of the truth, Shura sacrificed himself to blow up a Dalek attack force once Auderly House was emptied, changing the future. (TV: *Day of the Daleks*)

On another occasion, the release of Sutekh in 1911 meant that by 1980 the Earth would become a desolate planet circling a dead sun. The Fourth Doctor showed this to Sarah Jane Smith, and by causing Sutekh to age to death before he could escape, this timeline was averted. (TV: *Pyramids of Mars*)

In an alternate timeline, the Earth was a polluted world covered in a chemical slime. From this world sprang the haemovores with the Ancient One being the last by the year 500,000. After Fenric brought the Ancient One to 1943 Earth, he attempted to get the Ancient One to fill the oceans with poison which would create this future. The Seventh Doctor convinced the Ancient One of the truth and it sacrificed itself to defeat Fenric and change its future. (TV: *The Curse of Fenric*)

## Culture

The Earth was home to many influential human artists, such as Leonardo da Vinci. (TV: *City of Death*)

## Politics

The United Earth government quickly became corrupt and on the payroll of powerful financial concerns like INITEC, the Galatron Mining Corporation, the AMORB Project and especially IMC, looking the other way as these organisations victimised indigenous species and human colonists alike on the outer worlds. (TV: *Vengeance on Varos*, *Colony in Space*) In time the business policies of these corporations and the political and diplomatic policies of the Earth government became parallel and laid the foundations for the Earth Empire. Law and order was enforced by the Adjudicators. Although Earth was governed by a democratically elected leader, civil liberties in the mid-third millennium were marginalised and critics of the government were frequently sent to the Moon, which was converted from a civilian colony to a prison. (TV: *Frontier in Space*) In the last centuries of the third millennium, the Republic became an Imperial monarchy, with the Holy King (or Queen) ruling Earth and its empire. The last Holy Monarch left control of the Earth to a ruling council upon her death, shortly before the Solos Incident. (TV: *The Mutants*)

With the advent of the Second Ice Age and continuing unrest among the colonies, Earth's government collapsed at the turn of the fourth millennium. Feudalism returned on the planet and on many of its colonies. An aristocratic government remained in control of Earth when the Galactic Federation was formed in the later years of the millennium. (TV: *The Curse of Peladon*) This aristocracy gradually gave way to more democratic forms, but this new era of freedom was short-lived as the Solar System came under the sway of the Chen Dynasty after 4000. (TV: *The Daleks' Master Plan*)

After this, the nations of the Earth became completely independent once more. A Sixth World War loomed by the year 5000 between the superpowers of the Icelandic Alliance and Supreme Alliance. This ended with the Supreme Alliance victorious and Iceland occupied. Other important nations at the time included the Commonwealth of Australia, which itself was occupied and the Philippines, which liberated Iceland and defeated the Supreme Alliance. (TV: *The Talons of Weng-Chiang*) At the same time, Earth was responsible for a new period of space exploration and colonisation. (TV: *The Invisible Enemy*)

Information on what forms of government existed on Earth during its later periods was scant, owing to the frequent evacuations and resettling by humanity which occurred. During Earth's period as the planet Ravolox, the few surviving humans there appeared to live in a tribal matriarchy somewhat similar to that of the ancient Celts. (TV: *The Mysterious Planet*)

## Economy

From the 20th to at least the 40th centuries, much of Earth's economy was dependent on oil, a non-renewable resource, much to the annoyance of the Fourth Doctor. (TV: *Terror of the Zygons*)

### Place in the universe

Species that planned on turning Earth into their "New..." planets included the Zygons (TV: *Terror of the Zygons*), the Cybermen (TV: *Silver Nemesis*) and the Body-snatchers. (TV: *Avatar*)

## Parallel Universes

Numerous versions of Earth were known to exist in parallel universes.

In his attempts to free himself from his exile to Earth, the Third Doctor accidentally sent himself to a parallel version of the planet, one where a fascist government ruled England. This version of Earth was subsequently devastated by the Inferno Project. (TV: *Inferno*)

Veterans of the eternal war from a Roman Earth later took prisoners from the Doctor’s Earth, encountering the Fourth Doctor. (COMIC: *Doctor Who and the Iron Legion*)