Abdomen:Visceral arteries:Celiac

Branches from aorta at T12 (below the crura and the median arcuate ligament). Supplies foregut (lower oesophageus to where bile duct perforates duodenum). Doesn't have a complementary vein (mostly drains to portal vein).

**Relations:**

* bordered by coeliac preaortic lymph nodes
* coeliac ganglia

Gives off three branches at the upper border of the pancreas - left gastric, splenic artery, and common hepatic

**Left gastric artery:**

* Courses superiorly to supply distal esophagus and lesser curvature (gastric cardia)
	+ anastomoses with short gastric branches from splenic artery
	+ gives off oesophageal branches

* Continues along lesser curvature of stomach in the lesser omentum giving branches anteriorly and posteriorly
	+ anastomoses with the right gastric (branch of common hepatic)

**Splenic artery:**

 Largest celiac branch; tortuous course to left side to supply pancreas, spleen, and stomach

* Courses toward the left in a tortuous pathway, passes over left crus/psoas/hilum of left kidneywithin and then the splenorenal ligament to supply the spleen.
* Branches given off
	+ Pancreatic branches: Multiple branches, including dorsal pancreatic and pancreatica magna arteries, supply pancreatic body and tail
	+ Short gastric arteries: 6 short gastric which run in the gastrosplenic ligament to supply fundus of stomach
	+ Left gastroepiploic artery: runs along the greater curvature supplies left side of greater curvature of stomach
		- anastomoses with right gastroepiploic artery (from gastroduodenal)

   **Common hepatic artery:**

 Has multiple branches that supply liver, stomach, duodenum, gallbladder, and pancreas; becomes proper hepatic artery after yielding gastroduodenal artery.

* Courses over the upper border of the pancreas, right and to superior border of D1, then passes between the lesser omentum as the hepatic artery proper. Ascending the free edge of the lesser omentum and divides into multiple branches:
	+ Right hepatic artery: Supplies right hepatic lobe (hepatic segments 5-8)
	+ Left hepatic artery: Supplies left hepatic lobe (hepatic segments 1-4)
	+ Middle hepatic artery: Anatomic variant; when present, typically supplies hepatic segment
	+ Cystic artery: Typically arises from right hepatic artery (70%); supplies cystic duct and gallbladder
* Other branches of common hepatic artery
	+ Gastroduodenal artery: runs down behind the D1 and bifurcates into right gastroepiploic and superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries; supplies duodenum, pancreas, & stomach.
		- right gastroepiploic runs between D1 and pancreas and to the greater curvature to anastomose with left gastroepiploic.
		- superior pancreaticoduodenal divide into anterior/posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal and anstomose with inferior pancreaticoduodenal
	+ Right gastric artery: runs under D1 and supplies lesser gastric curvature
		- anastomoses terminally with left gastric artery

Variants

* Left gastroepiploic may give rise to posterior gastric (usually no branch), mid-way through it's course. This raises parietal peritoneum, forming the gastrosplenic ligament.
* Posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal may arise directly from gastroduodenal rather than from right gastric via gastroduodenal.
* Supraduodenal arteries may be present (usually not) and branch from common hepatic artery, supplying D1 and CBD.