Ligne 150 KV - (Bayet - Gueugnon)

## Présentation :

### Date de suppression:

Suppression partielle  :Entre 1998 et 2000 de Saint-Agnan à Pierrefitte-sur-Loire.En 2006 de Pierrefitte-sur-Loire à Saligny-sur-Roudon.

La ligne Bayet-Gueugnon est une ancienne ligne à haute tension, partiellement déposée, qui reliait Gueugnon au poste d'interconnexion de Bayet. Elle faisait partie de la grande continuité à 150 000 volts établie entre Rueyres et Gueugnon, via Enval (Clermont-Ferrand) et Bayet.

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class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBayet\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Bayet\n","link":"","lat":46.27311805074762,"lon":3.29194509075891,"icon":""},{"text":"\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EGueugnon\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Gueugnon\n","link":"","lat":46.60831186697864,"lon":4.074295577756422,"icon":""},{"text":"\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EMontoldre\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Montoldre\n","link":"","lat":46.353227247077676,"lon":3.485290662896121,"icon":""},{"text":"\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESaligny-sur-Roudon\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Saligny-sur-Roudon\n","link":"","lat":46.46789167712864,"lon":3.7334673520371053,"icon":""},{"text":"\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EPierrefitte-sur-Loire\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Pierrefitte-sur-Loire\n","link":"","lat":46.5032159145572,"lon":3.7984606339407723,"icon":""},{"text":"\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESaint-Agnan\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Saint-Agnan\n","link":"","lat":46.54205278670649,"lon":3.8707289358210373,"icon":""}]}

 **Bleu:** | tracé après 1965

## Historique :

### Ligne d'interconnexion régionale à 120KV :

Les origines de la ligne remontent à la fin des années 1920, quand débutèrent les travaux du puissant complexe hydroélectrique Sarrans-Brommat dans l'Aveyron.

Ainsi, la Société de Transport d'Energie du Centre (STEC) entreprit en 1931 la construction d'une liaison électrique à grande capacité entre Rueyres et Gueugnon afin d'interconnecter les aménagements hydrauliques de la Truyère et le bassin industriel et minier de Saône-et-Loire.

Au poste de Gueugnon, la ligne se raccordait au réseau 120 000 volts construit par Schneider&Cie. C'est à cette tension de 120 KV qu'elle fut exploitée les premières années. Bayet, situé sur la continuité électrique Montluçon-Roanne, devint alors un poste d'interconnexion entre les réseaux de Bourgogne, des Alpes et du Massif central.

### Passage à 150 KV et évolution de la ligne :

La puissance importante des deux usines de la Truyère força la STEC à opter très vite pour le 150 000 volts sur son réseau. Pour maintenir l'interconnexion vers Paris et les Alpes sous cette nouvelle tension, elle dû shunter le poste de Gueugnon au début des années 1940 et prolonger sa ligne vers l'artère à 150 KV Garchizy - Henri-Paul (établie en 1936).

Passée sous le giron d'EDF en 1946, le tracé de la ligne fut de nouveau modifié en 1954 quand l'entreprise d'état décida de raccorder Bayet directement au poste Henri-Paul.

Elle repris son tracé d'origine en 1960 quand fut mis en service un poste de transformation 150KV / 63KV à Gueugnon.

Le développement du réseau à 400 KV dans les années 1970 entraîne le "déclassement" de la ligne. En 1978, l'échelon 150 KV disparaît à Gueugnon et la ligne est raccordée au poste 63 KV de Bayet. Elle est même interrompue aux abords de la Loire et réutilisée pour les réseaux à 63 000 volts respectifs de l'Allier et de Saône-et-Loire . Il n'y a depuis lors plus aucune liaison à haute tension entre la Bourgogne et l'Auvergne.

### Exploitation sous la tension de 63 KV :

A Pierrefitte-sur-Loire, où elle croisait l'ancienne ligne 63 KV Digoin-Dompierre, la section Sud est détournée en 1978 vers Dompierre et la section Nord vers Digoin.

#### **Saône-et-Loire :**

Vers 1988; un piquage est créé à Saint-Agnan sur la ligne 63 KV Gueugnon-Digoin pour créer une liaison Gueugnon-Sornat. Le reste de la ligne est probablement mis hors tension puis déposé une dizaine d'année plus tard.

#### **Allier :**

Entre 1986 et 1990, le croisement a Montoldre avec l'ancienne ligne Dompierre-Varennes est supprimé pour sécuriser l'alimentation de l'Allier. Un piquage est créé à Saligny-sur-Roudon afin de raccorder Le Donjon au réseau 63 KV .

En 2006, une section a 2 circuits est construite entre Dompierre-sur-Bresbe et Saligny-sur-Roudon pour les lignes Dompierre-Varennes et Dompierre-Le Donjon. La section de Pierrefitte-sur-Loire à Saligny-sur-Roudon est dans le même temps démontée car devenue inutile.

## La ligne de nos jours :

Depuis 1978, la ligne a été fragmentée à plusieurs reprises suivant l'évolution du réseau régional. Elle est réutilisée aujourd'hui pour 3 lignes différentes. Elle a été démontée sur 13 km entre Saint-Agnan et Saligny-sur-Roudon.

## Description du tracé :

* Depuis le poste de Bayet, la ligne part vers le Nord-Est. Elle bifurque ensuite vers l'Est aux abords de la D46, franchit l'Allier puis croise la voie ferrée Paris-Clermont-Fd au Nord de Varennes-sur-Allier.
* Elle garde la même direction sur environ 15km, longeant plus ou moins la D21 jusqu'aux abords de Jaligny-sur-Bresbe.
* Elle tourne alors légèrement plus au Nord pour éviter le village puis franchit la Bresbe. Elle croise ensuite la D53 puis arrive à Saligny-sur-Roudon, où elle est aujourd'hui interrompue un peu avant la D55.
* A l'époque, elle poursuivait dans la même direction quasiment jusqu'à Gueugnon; elle croisait la N79 et l'ancienne ligne 63 KV Digoin-Dompierre ,passait à l'Ouest de Pierrefitte-sur-Loire puis franchissait la Loire quelque km plus loin.
* Arrivée en Saône-et-Loire, elle croisait aussitôt la voie ferrée Moulins - Paray-le-Monial puis évoluait en direction des "Grands Bois", lieu-dit qui marque la fin de la partie déposée.
* La ligne passe ensuite à 1km au Sud de Neuvy-Grandchamp puis croise la D60 à Curdin. Elle tourne ensuite progressivement en contournant Gueugnon puis entre dans le poste électrique situé au Nord de la Ville.

## Tronçon récupérés pour la création de nouvelles lignes :

1. Ligne 63 KV - (Bayet-Dompierre)
2. Ligne 63 KV - (Dompierre - Varennes-sur-Allier)
3. Ligne 63 KV - (Gueugnon-Sornat)
4. *Ligne 63 KV - (Dompierre - Le Donjon - Varennes)**- piquage* *disparue*
5. *Ligne 63 KV - (Gueugnon - Digoin)* *disparue*

## Anciennes lignes :

1. Ligne 150 KV - (Bayet - La Boulaye)
2. Ligne 150 KV - (Bayet - Henri-Paul)

## Notes :

Une particularité de cette ligne vient des "bras cassés" arborés par certains pylônes d'angles, notamment les deux qui permettent de franchir l'Allier.