Northern broad-billed hummingbird

The **northern broad-billed hummingbird** (*Cynanthus borealis*) is a species of small-sized hummingbird, most closely related to the southern broad-billed hummingbird (*Cynanthus latirostris*) that originally did not exist, but has since been created by SciiFii and introduced throughout the rainforests, wetlands, forests, and open woodlands across North America to help boost biodiversity. The northern broad-billed hummingbird is a small-sized hummingbird at about 8–10 centimeters (3.1–3.9 inches) long. It weighs only 3–4 grams, with the male weighing slightly more than the female. The wingspan of the hummingbird is about 13 centimeters (5.1 inches). The northern broad-billed hummingbird displays sexual dimorphism, and the juveniles resemble the female adult more than the male adult. The broad-billed hummingbird is a bright coloured bird with a broad and bright red bill. The northern broad-billed hummingbird's chatter is done by both the male and the female. Like the note of a ruby-crowned kinglet (*Regulus calendula*) the chatter sounds like a rapid chi-dit. This noise can be done while perching or in flight. The males display call is a whining zing. The northern broad-billed hummingbird eats both nectar and insects. The hummingbird is also known to visit sugar-water hummingbird feeders. The northern broad-billed hummingbird prefers visiting red or red-and-yellow flowers the most. To feed on nectar, the northern broad-billed hummingbird will extend its bill and long tongue into the flower to access the nectar while hovering. This differs from its behaviour at feeders, where oftentimes it will perch. To feed on insects, the northern broad-billed hummingbird can catch them midair or hover and pluck them from a plant. Northern broad-billed hummingbirds reproduce sexually through mates choice. To attract a mate, the male will perform a "pendulum display" to the female. This display consists of the male broad-billed hummingbird hovering in front of the female and flying back and forth 4 times in repeated arcs, just like a pendulum. In the United States, there are usually 2 brood attempts per year, in mid-April to mid-to-late June and then again in July to mid-August. These dates overlap with the peak nectar availability in the broad-bill hummingbirds' habitats. The northern broad-billed hummingbird typically creates a nest within 2 meters of the ground. Nest site selection is less specific in individuals living towards the southern part of the range. The nests themselves are constructed only by the females. The female will weave nesting material (bark, grasses and dried leaves) into a nest and shape it with her body. The nest is about 2.5 centimeters tall, with an interior diameter of 1.9 centimeters. The interior is lined with materials such as white plant down, plant stems, leaves, plant blooms and even lichen. Once ready, the female northern broad-billed hummingbird will lay 2 or 3 eggs into her nest. The eggs of the northern broad-billed hummingbird are smooth and white. On average, the eggs measure 6 to 12 millimeters. The female incubates the eggs for more than 2 weeks. After hatching, the females spend about 60% of each hour at her nest. The largest causes of nest mortality are due to predation on eggs and nestlings, abandonment of nest before egg and failure for eggs to hatch. The conservation status of the northern broad-billed hummingbird is **Least Concern** due to successful conservation efforts, the northern broad-billed hummingbird's wide range and its tolerance to many of the human activities, including being able to adapt to parks, gardens, and farmland with many favored flowers present.