1814

Events from the year **1814 in the United States**.

* Vice President: Elbridge Gerry (DR-MA) (until November 23), *vacant* (starting November 23)
* Chief Justice: John Marshall (VA)
* Speaker of the House of Representatives: Henry Clay (DR-KY) (until January 19), Langdon Cheves (DR-SC) (starting January 19)
* Congress: 13th

Governors
* Governor of Connecticut: John Cotton Smith (Federalist)
* Governor of Delaware: Joseph Haslet (Democratic-Republican) (until January 18), Daniel Rodney (Federalist) (starting January 18)
* Governor of Georgia: Peter Early (Democratic-Republican)
* Governor of Kentucky: Isaac Shelby (Democratic-Republican)
* Governor of Louisiana: William C. C. Claiborne (Democratic-Republican)
* Governor of Maryland: Levin Winder (Federalist)
* Governor of Massachusetts: Caleb Strong (Federalist)
* Governor of New Hampshire: John Taylor Gilman (Federalist)
* Governor of New Jersey: William Sanford Pennington (Democratic-Republican)
* Governor of New York: Daniel D. Tompkins (Democratic-Republican)
* Governor of North Carolina: William Hawkins (Democratic-Republican) (until November 29), William Miller (Democratic-Republican) (starting November 29)
* Governor of Ohio:
	+ until March 24: Return J. Meigs, Jr. (Democratic-Republican)
	+ March 24-December 8: Othniel Looker (Democratic-Republican)
	+ starting December 8: Thomas Worthington (Democratic-Republican)
* Governor of Pennsylvania: Simon Snyder (Democratic-Republican)
* Governor of Rhode Island: William Jones (Federalist)
* Governor of South Carolina: Joseph Alston (Democratic-Republican) (until December 10), David Rogerson Williams (Democratic-Republican) (starting December 10)
* Governor of Tennessee: Willie Blount (Democratic-Republican)
* Governor of Vermont: Martin Chittenden (Federalist)
* Governor of Virginia: James Barbour (Democratic-Republican) (until December 1), Wilson Cary Nicholas (Democratic-Republican) (starting December 1)

Lieutenant Governors
* Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut: Chauncey Goodrich (Federalist)
* Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky: Richard Hickman (political party unknown)
* Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts: William Phillips, Jr. (political party unknown)
* Lieutenant Governor of New York: DeWitt Clinton (Democratic-Republican)
* Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island: Simeon Martin (political party unknown)
* Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina: Eldred Simkins (Democratic-Republican) (until December 10), Robert Creswell (Democratic-Republican) (starting December 10)
* Lieutenant Governor of Vermont: William Chamberlain (Federalist)

## Events

### January - June

* January 22 – Creek War: Andrew Jackson fights the Red Sticks at the Battles of Emuckfaw and Enotachopo Creek begins.
* January 24
	+ Creek War: Battles of Emuckfaw and Enotachopo Creek ends.
	+ War of 1812: Battle of Enotachopco.
* January 27 – Creek War: Battle of Callabee Creek: Red Sticks unsuccessfully attack Georgia volunteers in present-day Macon County, Alabama.
* March 4 – War of 1812: Battle of Longwoods.
* March 9 – The USS *Enterprise* reaches Wilmington, North Carolina, returning from the Caribbean.
* March 27 – Creek War: Battle of Horseshoe Bend: In northern Alabama, United States forces under General Andrew Jackson defeat the Creek Indians.
* March 28 – War of 1812: Battle of Valparaíso.
* March 30 – War of 1812: Battle of Lacolle Mills.
* April 29 – War of 1812: Capture of HMS Epervier.
* May 5 – War of 1812: The British attack Fort Ontario at Oswego, New York.
* May 6 – War of 1812: Battle of Fort Oswego.
* May 14 – War of 1812: Skirmish at Otter Creek.
* May 29 – War of 1812: Battle of Sandy Creek.
* June 28
	+ War of 1812: Second Skirmish at Odelltown.
	+ War of 1812: Sinking of HMS Reindeer.

### July - December

* July 3 – War of 1812: Capture of Fort Erie.
* July 5 – War of 1812: Battle of Chippawa: American Major General Jacob Brown defeats British General Phineas Riall at Chippawa, Ontario.
* July 18 – War of 1812: Burning of St. Davids.
* July 20 – War of 1812: Surrender of Fort Shelby.
* July 21
	+ War of 1812: Battle of Rock Island Rapids.
	+ War of 1812: Raid on Sault Ste. Marie.
* July 24 – War of 1812: General Phineas Riall advances toward Niagara Falls, Ontario to halt Jacob Brown's American invaders.
* July 25 – War of 1812: Battle of Lundy's Lane: Reinforcements arrive near Niagara Falls, Ontario for General Phineas Riall's British and Canadian force, and a bloody, all-night battle with Jacob Brown's Americans commences at 1800 hours; Americans retreat to Fort Erie.
* July 26 – War of 1812: Americans fail to recapture Fort Mackinac at the Battle of Mackinac Island begins.
* August 2 – War of 1812: Siege of Fort Erie.
* August 3 – War of 1812: Battle of Conjocta Creek.
* August 4
	+ War of 1812: Battle of Mackinac Island ends.
	+ War of 1812: Siege of Fort Erie begins.
* August 9 – War of 1812: Battle of Stonington begins.
* August 10 – War of 1812: Raid on Stonington.
* August 12 – War of 1812: Battle of Stonington ends.
* August 15 – War of 1812: Assault on Fort Erie.
* August 24
	+ War of 1812: Battle of Bladensburg: British forces defeat the Americans at Bladensburg, Maryland, allowing the British to enter Washington, D.C.
	+ War of 1812: Burning of Washington: British troops, after defeating American forces, at the Battle of Bladensburg, occupy Washington, D.C., setting numerous buildings on fire, including the Capitol and Presidential Mansion.
* August 28 – War of 1812: Alexandria, Virginia offers surrender to the British fleet without a fight.
* August 29 – War of 1812: Raid on Alexandria begins.
* September 1 – War of 1812: Sinking of HMS Avon.
* September 2 – War of 1812: Raid on Alexandria ends.
* September 3 – War of 1812: Capture of Tigress and Scorpion.
* September 5 – War of 1812: Skirmish at Rock Island Rapids.
* September 6
	+ War of 1812: Battle of Plattsburgh.
	+ War of 1812: Skirmish at Beekmantown.
	+ War of 1812: Battle of Credit Island
* September 9 – War of 1812: Capture of Fort O'Brian.
* September 11 – War of 1812: Battle of Lake Champlain: An American squadron under Thomas Macdonough defeats the British squadron, ultimately forcing the invading army to retreat back into Canada.
* September 12
	+ War of 1812: Battle of Baltimore begins.
	+ War of 1812: Battle of North Point.
* September 13 – War of 1812: The British bombard Fort McHenry at Baltimore. The British failure at the Battle of Baltimore is a turning point in the war, and the American defense of the fort inspires Francis Scott Key to compose the poem later set to music as "The Star-Spangled Banner".
* September 14 – War of 1812: Battle of Fort Bowyer.
* September 15
	+ War of 1812: Battle of Baltimore ends.
	+ War of 1812: Attack on Fort Bowyer.
* September 21 – War of 1812: British forces abandon the Siege of Fort Erie ends.
* October 19 – War of 1812: Battle of Cook's Mills.
* November 6 – War of 1812: Battle of Malcolm's Mills.
* November 7 – War of 1812: Battle of Pensacola: Andrew Jackson seizes Pensacola, Florida.
* November 23 – Vice President Elbridge Gerry dies from heart failure. The office remains vacant through the remainder of James Madison's presidency.
* December 14 – War of 1812: Battle of Lake Borgne.
* December 15 – The Hartford Convention is convened by members of the American Federalist Party.
* December 24 – War of 1812: The Treaty of Ghent is signed, officially ending the war. The treaty is later ratified by the Americans on February 16, 1815.

## Memoriam

* January 7 – Ira Allen, one of the founders of Vermont and brother of Ethan Allen (aged 62; Philadelphia, PA, USA)
* March 13 – Angelica Schuyler Church, eldest child of Philip Schuyler (aged 58; New York City, NY, USA)
* October 19 – Mercy Otis Warren, historian and poet (aged 86; MA, USA)
* November 23 – Elbridge Gerry, 5th Vice President of the United States from 1813 to 1814 (aged 70; Washington, DC, USA)