West Africa by Robert Fields

West Africa

                                                                                                                               March 27, 2022

West Africa sits west of an imagined north south axis lying close to 10 longitude, bordered by the Atlantic ocean and the Sahara Desert. West Africa currently occupies an area of 6,140,000 Km2, or approximately one fifth of Africa or 1,974,103 square miles. There are colonial boundaries that are reflected in the modern boundaries between West Africa states, there are ethnic and cultural lines that divide into single ethnic groups, for example the Nok culture of central Nigeria worked with iron.

They made life like statues made of iron, the smelting and forging of iron produced tools and weapons and enabled farmers to expand and produce  surplus crops, which in turn supported the growth of urban city and state into empires, the Mande people established their civilization in the Tichitt regan.  The Carthage and the Saharen Berbers were involved in trade, the trade was small until the camel came on the scene.

Profitable trading was made with the West Africans exporting gold, cotton metal ornaments and leather goods. Tichitt culture, they traded in cattle, the pastoral culture they traded in lustrous stones, rings. The increase of humid conditions resulted in the expansion of the west Africa forest, West African hunters and gathers controlled west and central Africa. .

The civilization of Djenne was located in the Niger River valley in Mali country and is the oldest urbanized centers, it is known for its archaeological sites is believed to have been involved in long distance trade                                                                  West Africa

                                                          West Africa

                                                                                                                               March 27, 2022

West Africa sits west of an imagined north south axis lying close to 10 longitude, bordered by the Atlantic ocean and the Sahara Desert. West Africa currently occupies an area of 6,140,000 Km2, or approximately one fifth of Africa or 1,974,103 square miles. There are colonial boundaries that are reflected in the modern boundaries between West Africa states, there are ethnic and cultural lines that divide into single ethnic groups, for example the Nok culture of central Nigeria worked with iron.

They made life like statues made of iron, the smelting and forging of iron produced tools and weapons and enabled farmers to expand and produce  surplus crops, which in turn supported the growth of urban city and state into empires, the Mande people established their civilization in the Tichitt regan.  The Carthage and the Saharen Berbers were involved in trade, the trade was small until the camel came on the scene.

Profitable trading was made with the West Africans exporting gold, cotton metal ornaments and leather goods. Tichitt culture, they traded in cattle, the pastoral culture they traded in lustrous stones, rings. The increase of humid conditions resulted in the expansion of the west Africa forest, West African hunters and gathers controlled west and central Africa. .

The civilization of Djenne was located in the Niger River valley in Mali country and is the oldest urbanized centers, it is known for its archaeological sites is believed to have been involved in long distance trade                                                                  West Africa

                                                          West Africa

                                                                                                                               March 27, 2022

West Africa sits west of an imagined north south axis lying close to 10 longitude, bordered by the Atlantic ocean and the Sahara Desert. West Africa currently occupies an area of 6,140,000 Km2, or approximately one fifth of Africa or 1,974,103 square miles. There are colonial boundaries that are reflected in the modern boundaries between West Africa states, there are ethnic and cultural lines that divide into single ethnic groups, for example the Nok culture of central Nigeria worked with iron.

They made life like statues made of iron, the smelting and forging of iron produced tools and weapons and enabled farmers to expand and produce  surplus crops, which in turn supported the growth of urban city and state into empires, the Mande people established their civilization in the Tichitt regan.  The Carthage and the Saharen Berbers were involved in trade, the trade was small until the camel came on the scene.

Profitable trading was made with the West Africans exporting gold, cotton metal ornaments and leather goods. Tichitt culture, they traded in cattle, the pastoral culture they traded in lustrous stones, rings. The increase of humid conditions resulted in the expansion of the west Africa forest, West African hunters and gathers controlled west and central Africa. .

The civilization of Djenne was located in the Niger River valley in Mali country and is the oldest urbanized centers, it is known for its archaeological sites is believed to have been involved in long distance trade