Second Boxer Rebellion

The Second Boxer Rebellion or the Second Sino-Japanese War is a War fought between the Japanese Empire and various opposition groups against the Empire that has began since 1929. The War had began when Non-Japanese Asians under Japanese Domination were tired of being subjugated under Pan-Asian and Japanese Domination, tired of only being represented by Pan-Asian Collaborators loyal to Japan. The war also started as Zhang Zuolin mass murdered residents in Macau for letting Chiang Kai Shek (his hated rival who is an enemy to Japan) take refuge in their city. There was also dissatisfaction by Qing Noblemen such as Prince Tuan who were mad about the betrayal of Ronglou's maternal Grandson Puyi who swore allegiance to the Japanese as their puppet in the Manchu homeland.

## History

### Before World War I

#### **Yellow Peril**

In the late 19th century, the Russian sociologist Jacques Novikow coined the term in the essay "Le Péril Jaune" ("The Yellow Peril", 1897), which Kaiser Wilhelm II (r. 1888–1918) used to encourage the European empires to invade, conquer, and colonize China. To that end, using the Yellow Peril ideology, the Kaiser portrayed the Japanese and the Asian victory against the Russians in the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905) as an Asian racial threat to white Western Europe, and also exposes China and Japan as in alliance to conquer, subjugate, and enslave the Western world.

#### **Triple Intervention Aftermath**

The Japanese government reluctantly acceded to the Triple intervention, as British and American diplomatic intercession was not forthcoming, and Japan was in no position to militarily resist three major European powers simultaneously. The three powers had 38 warships with a displacement of 95,000 tons already deployed in East Asia, whereas the Imperial Japanese Navy had only 31 warships in total with a displacement of 57,000 tons. After futile diplomatic efforts to enlist the support of the United States and Great Britain, on 5 May 1895, Prime Minister Itō Hirobumi announced the withdrawal of Japanese forces from the Liaodong Peninsula in exchange for an additional indemnity of 30 million kuping taels (450 million yen). The last Japanese troops departed in December.

Much to Japan's astonishment and consternation, Russia moved almost immediately to occupy the entire Liaodong Peninsula and especially to fortify Port Arthur. Germany secured control over concessions in Shandong Province, and France, and even Great Britain took advantage of the weakened China to seize port cities on various pretexts and to expand their spheres of influence.

Japan's government felt it had been cheated of its deserved spoils of war by this intervention. This humiliation at the hands of the European powers helped lead to the *Gashin Shōtan* (臥薪嘗胆) movement. Figuratively translated as "Persevering through Hardship (for the sake of revenge)", the saying is derived from the Chinese *chengyu* of *wòxīnchángdǎn* (臥薪嘗膽), literally meaning "sleeping on sticks and tasting gall", that alludes to the perseverance of King Goujian of Yue (reigned 496–465 BC) in the War between Wu and Yue. For modern Japan, this ideology meant an increase in heavy industry and strength of the armed forces, especially the navy, at the expense of individual wants and needs.

The Triple Intervention had a profound effect on Japanese foreign relations, as Japanese diplomacy sought to avoid a reconstitution of a combination of European Powers against Japan. It led directly to the Anglo-Japanese Alliance of 1902 which was explicitly intended to shield Japan from interference from other European Great Powers, and from Russia in particular.

#### **Boxer Rebellion**

In 1900, the anti-colonial Boxer Rebellion (August 1899 – September 1901) reinforced the racist stereotypes of East Asians as a Yellow Peril to white people. The Society of the Righteous and Harmonious Fists (the Boxers) was a xenophobic martial-arts organization who blamed the problems of China on the presence of Western colonies in China proper. The Boxers sought to save China by killing every Western colonist and Chinese Christian – Westernized Chinese people. In early summer of 1900, Prince Zaiyi allowed the Boxers into Beijing, to kill Western colonists and Chinese Christians, in siege to the foreign legations. Afterwards, Ronglu, Qing Commander-in-Chief, and Yikuang (Prince Qing), resisted and expelled the Boxers from Beijing after days of fighting.

#### **Russo-Japanese War**

Russia sought a warm-water port on the Pacific Ocean both for its navy and for maritime trade. Vladivostok remained ice-free and operational only during the summer; Port Arthur, a naval base in Liaodong Province leased to Russia by the Qing dynasty of China from 1897, was operational year round. Since the end of the First Sino-Japanese War in 1895, Japan feared Russian encroachment on its plans to create a sphere of influence in Korea and Manchuria. Russia had demonstrated an expansionist policy east of the Urals in Siberia and the Far East from the reign of Ivan the Terrible in the 16th century.

Seeing Russia as a rival, Japan offered to recognize Russian dominance in Manchuria in exchange for recognition of Korea being within the Japanese sphere of influence. Russia refused and demanded the establishment of a neutral buffer zone between Russia and Japan in Korea north of the 39th parallel. The Japanese government perceived a threat to their plans for expansion into mainland Asia and chose to go to war. After negotiations broke down in 1904, the Japanese Navy opened hostilities in a surprise attack on 9 February [O.S. 27 January] 1904 by attacking the Russian Eastern Fleet at Port Arthur, China.

Although Russia suffered a number of defeats, Emperor Nicholas II was convinced that Russia could win if it fought on; he chose to remain engaged in the war and wait for the outcomes of certain key naval battles. After the hope of victory was quelled, he continued the war to preserve the dignity of Russia by averting a "humiliating peace". Russia ignored Japan's willingness early on to agree to an armistice and rejected the idea of bringing the dispute to the Arbitration Court at The Hague. The war eventually concluded with the Treaty of Portsmouth (5 September [O.S. 23 August] 1905), mediated by US President Theodore Roosevelt. The complete victory of the Japanese military surprised international observers and transformed the balance of power in both East Asia and Eastern Europe, resulting in Japan's emergence as a great power and Russia's decline in prestige and influence in Eastern Europe.

#### **1911 Revolution**

The revolution culminated a decade of agitation, revolts, and uprisings. The Qing dynasty had struggled for a long time to reform the government and resist foreign aggression, but the program of reforms after 1900 was opposed by Manchu conservatives at court as too radical and by Chinese reformers as too slow. Underground anti-Qing groups, revolutionaries in exile, reformers who wanted to save the monarchy by modernizing it, and activists across the country debated how or whether to overthrow the Manchus. The flash-point came on 10 October 1911, with the Wuchang Uprising, an armed rebellion among members of the New Army. Similar revolts broke out spontaneously around the country. The abdication of the last Chinese emperor, the six-year-old Puyi, was promulgated on 12 February 1912.

### World War I

Sun Yet Sen then gave the Presidency of the Republic to Yuan Shikai as he retired. However this was a mistake as Yuan declared himself Emperor and caused a giant crisis which was a bad thing due to the Japanese with their Manchu, Han, Mongol and Korean allies invading China. The conquest was easy until the Russian Civil War began which resulted in Japan having all of China except the central part ruled by Communist China.

### The War

#### **Boxer Rebellion 2.0**

Nationalist Monarchists in China were really pissed that the Qing Monarch Puyi became Maharajah of Manchuko which is a Japanese Puppet State. Prince Tuan a foreigner hating Chinese Nationalist Manchu Prince who was the leader of the Boxer Revolts with Sun Chuanfang had led a siege in taking over the city of Beijing to create a new Chinese Empire, Tuan and Sun had elected the Noble House of Kong to be the dynasty of the Empire since they are descendants of Confucius. Tuan had gained the remains of the Boxers as Sun gained forces from his clique to serve as the official Imperial Army of the new state.

Sun Chuafang waged war against the Fengtian Government, but it sadly lost no thanks to the fact that Manchukuo and the Kingdom of Korea attacked Beijing. Tuan angered at the forces for the foolish decision demanded that Sun meet with Generalissimo Zuolin and they negotiate a ceasefire and apologize before Zhang wipes the floor with them. Sun agrees as he then negotiates with Zuolin himself as they agreed to the ceasefire as Korea and Manchuria then leave.

There were multiple uprisings against the Japanese and their Eight Banner Army by multiple Chinese Nationalists, Chinese Christians and Europeans in South China as the Nationalists wanted freedom from Hirohito's colonial regime as the Chinese Christians and Europeans desired to have the freedom to practice their religion.

The Nationalists rioted and even brawled against the Han, Mongol and Manchu Eight Banners calling them all traitors and dogs of the Japanese Emperor as the clans who are part of the Army had to deal with their residencies burnt as Warlords loyal to Japan clashed with Warlords opposing the Japanese Regime in their land.

Chinese Christians and Europeans inspired by the Boxers then decided to learn martial arts from a Nationalist and former Boxer who promised them that if they aid the nationalists and fight the Japanese then they will be free to do missionary work and practice Christianity in Hong Kong without Japanese Aggression. The Europeans and Chinese Christians agreed as they learned Martial Arts and how to defend themselves with swords and guns. After all of that the Chinese Christians and Europeans have become their own Martial Arts Militia known as the Kung Fu Krusaders in which they have liberated their kin from Japanese aggression.

Sadly this resulted in the deaths of Herbert Hudson Taylor, Herbert's wife Jeanie Gray Taylor, Frederick Howard Taylor, Fredrick's wife Mary Geraldine Guinness, Charles Taylor and Charles's wife Amy Beatrice Carmichael Taylor at the hands of Japanese Policemen. The Taylor Family supported the rebellion against the Japanese as a way to continue the work of Hudson Taylor and keep alive his China Inland Mission and they despised the Japanese for Hirohito's ungodly imperial cult. This had caused more hate from the Chinese Christians and the Europeans who caused more trouble. Amy's sisters who are currently living with their elderly mother in Belfast were distraught over their sister's death when they got the news. The death of they Taylors caused a huge upset in England and they were even more upset when Adalbert I called Hudson Taylor a dumpkoff which pissed off many in England. Chinese and European Christians mourned the loss of the best Missionaries they had in their Missionary group.

**Nippon Peril**

The Nippon Peril (aka Nippon Scare) was a racist color-metaphor that represents the Japanese as the evil warmongering barbarians who desire to conquer and enslave all of East Asia, Southeast Asia, The Assam Province, Bengale and West China. Chinese and European Christians used this movement as a way to expose their suffering at the hands of the Japanese such as the massacre of the Taylor Family at the hands of Japanese Policemen, Orphaned Chinese Christian children being whipped by Japanese Soldiers with spiked whips to bow to a statue of Hirohito saying "Emperor of the Heaven", Japanese Soldiers burning down churches seeing them as opposition against the regime. Nationalists used the peril to envision themselves as Boxers who are getting ready to fight the red Sun of Japan which is a red eye with a snakelike black Iris armed with bloody tentacles. These propaganda cartoons, and exposure of Japanese cruelty motivated more to rebel against Japan.

#### **Chiang Kai Shek/Mao Zedong/Zhang Zoulin War.**

Chiang Kai Shek waged war against the Fengtian Government calling Zhang Zoulin a dumbass who stole the heavenly mandate of Sun Yet Sen (which is the title of President of China) and declaring his Pro-Japanese Regime the legitimate successor of the Republic of China. This started a war between the two rival factions, however Chuafang believed Chiang to be a fool in waging war with a Japanese Puppet State because Zoulin's regime was backed by the Japanese.

However there was a third claimant to being successor of the Republic and that was Mao Zedong who is the leader of the People's Republic of China which is in the parts of China not under Japanese control and a Puppet of the Communist Soviet Rus. Mao then waged war on the two of them which resulted in a three way civil war.

The Japanese backed Zuolin as they lent him equipment to fight both the Communists who want a Communist China and Chinese Republicans who are opposing his regime. However the Soviets with the Communist Mongolians and the Anarchist Siberians backed the Communists in China which caused problems that resulted in Japan having Manchuko fight the Anarchists as the Maharajahnate of Mengjiang fights the Mongolian Communists as the both try to wipe out the Communists. The Kingdom of Korea also planned to help Fengtian in recovering Beijing from the Anti-Japanese Monarchist Group led by Prince Tuan and Sun Chuafang. However this provoked the Anti-Japanese Monarchists in sending in their patrol boats to deal with the Korean West coast Naval Warfleet.

Chiang Kai Shek then tried to fight the Japanese regime in the South, but the Japanese controlled Eight Banners sent the Blue Plain Banner Armies as they created a blockade to keep Chiang in Macau and trap him there. Chiang low on resources and stuck with outdated weapons and outdated vehicles and artillery pieces remained trapped in Macau as he declared a ceasefire with the Japanese regime who accepted it as they created a border wall to keep Chiang, his forces with their loved ones and closest friends trapped in Macau. Anti Japanese Military Cliques in South China are currently in a trade partnership with Chiang and they help him make partnerships with the Heavenly Imperial State of China who is also in opposition against the Japanese regime.

#### **Rebellion of the Kung Fu Krusaders**

The Kung Fu Krusader Rebellion was getting strong as Chinese Christians and Europeans with their Anti-Japanese allies (Anti-Japanese Military Cliques advocating for religious freedom in South China) marched towards the city of Shanghai which is the capital of the Japanese Colonial Regime in South China. The Kung Fu Krusaders then peacefully protested the right to practice Christianity within the Japanese regime. However the Japanese responded by having the Bordered Yellow Banner, Plain Yellow Banner and White Plain Banner Armies (the elite armies of the Eight Banners) in firing upon the Christians as they and the Kwantung Army and the loyalist Clique Coalition came to their aid to suppress the rebellion with brutality. The Imperial Navy helped with bombarding the Krusader camps near Shanghai. Christians in Shanghai retreated to Churches to hide as some halted Church services to commence lockdowns to hide from the Japanese raiders. Sadly they lockdowns failed as the elite armies had destroyed the Churches and killed a lot of people. The Rebellion was lost as Japan's Bordered Yellow Banner, Plain Yellow Banner and White Plain Banner Armies with the Kuwantung Army and Loyalist Military Clique Coalition got aid from Soldiers from Japan's Puppet States in Southeast Asia (Kingdom of Burma, Shan States Duchy, Kingdom of Laos, Kingdom of Cambodia and the Imperial State of Vietnam) with the Kingdom of Siam and the forces of the Nippon Caliphate, Nipponwestland and forces from the Indo-Persian Empire.

## Aftermath

The Christians were exiled to Hong Kong where they remained as the Republicans remained in Macau. The Anti-Japanese Military Cliques were eradicated by the Japanese forces aided by the Eight Banners and Japan's Puppet States in Southeast Asia. The Heavenly Imperial State gained independence but nobody recognizes it's independence as a state.

The chaos resulted in Hirohito getting paranoid of another conflict as he fears that Japan getting involved in another conflict could result in the destruction of Japan's massive Empire and all of Asia being plagued by Civil wars and total destruction.