Potions

Potions are bottled substances designed to inflict effects. They are created by brewing and when drunk give the player an effect for a limited time. All potions are brewed from a water bottle, which is considered a type of potion but has no effects.

While the duration of Spells is conditional, effects granted by Potions are always on a timer. They are a less sure way of getting certain magical results for those playing classes incapable of casting spells. Most Potions can be Brewed by the player, while others can only be found, traded, or bought.

## Obtaining

### Mob loot

#### Witches

Witches can drop potions of Healing, Fire Resistance, Swiftness, or Water Breathing if they die while drinking that potion.

#### Wandering traders

Wandering traders have a chance to drop a Potion of Invisibility if they die while drinking the potion.

### Fishing

Water bottles can be fished up as junk items.

### Brewing

Almost all potions are obtained by brewing.

### Chest loot

Two Health II potions can be found in the brewing stand on ships in end cities, and one splash potion of Weakness can be found in a brewing stand in igloo basements.

The cauldron in a swamp hut contains a random potion.

 **Potion of Water Breathing** | **Buried treasure** | Chest

### Bartering

Piglins may barter a potion or a splash potion of Fire Resistance when given a gold ingot.

## Usage

Potions are used by pressing and holding use with the potion bottle in hand, as with all consumable items. When drunk they bestow the corresponding status effect to the player.

Drinking a potion while already under the effects of the same potion does not add onto the effect's duration, but simply resets it. A potion effect does not "downgrade" if a lower level is activated. For example, if a player has Regeneration II, drinking a regular potion of Regeneration does not have any effect.

Using a potion on a cauldron does not transfer the potion to the cauldron, but instead causes it to be drunk.‌

### Modifiers

Potions can be modified in five ways.

1. Brewing glowstone dust into certain potions will *enhance* their level of effect.
2. Adding redstone will *extend* the duration of the effect.
3. Brewing gunpowder into a potion makes it into a *splash* potion (area effect).
4. Adding dragon's breath to a splash potion creates a lingering potion (area effect that lingers on the ground).
5. Brewing a fermented spider eye into specific potions modifies their effect, usually inverting it, which is referred to as "corruption".

The modifications of Enhancement and Extension are mutually exclusive.

Enhancing most potions trades some of its duration for a bigger effect. For example, the base Regeneration works for 44 seconds whereas Regeneration II lasts for only 22 seconds but heals more per tick during that time.

Extending a potion generally makes it last 8⁄3 as long as its base potion, so a duration of 3 minutes becomes 8 minutes.

#### Corruption

The usual result of corruption is to invert the potion's effect (for example Swiftness becomes Slowness). Interestingly, corrupting Poison (continuous damage effect) creates a Potion of Harming, an instant damage effect, instead of the continuous healing effect (regeneration) one would normally expect. Corrupting a Potion of Night Vision turns it into a Potion of Invisibility rather than an inverse effect that might be something like blindness.

Corrupting an extended or enhanced potion results in a corrupted potion with the same modifier, if it is supported by the corrupted effect. All of the "corrupted" potions except Harming can be extended, but it is the only one that can be enhanced.

### Storing

On the inventory screen, a separate tab only potions can be placed in is available in the upper right. This tab is called the Potion Bag, and unlike other tabs is able to be used independent of an item like a Wallet or Quiver. The Potion Bag has 9 slots, and Potions can be stacked up to 16.

### Base potions

Base potions are potions that have no effect when the player drinks them, but are necessary as the basis for other potions.

 Awkward Potion
 Mundane Potion
 Thick Potion

### Effect potions

#### Potions with mixed effects

 Potion of the Turtle Master II
 Potion of Levitation
 Potion of Radiation
 Potion of Incandescence

### Uncraftable potion

The Uncraftable Potion is a potion with no effect that is unobtainable in regular gameplay.

It is also available in splash potion and lingering potion forms, as well as for tipped arrows.

It can be obtained using the following command: `/give @s minecraft:potion{Potion:"minecraft:empty"}`. It is also obtained any time a potion has invalid or missing potion effect tags, and thus serves as a placeholder.

### Undead mobs

The effects given by Potions of Healing and Harming are opposite on undead mobs, which includes skeletons and zombies. Potions of Healing cause harm, and Harming heals them. In addition, undead mobs are not affected by Poison or Regeneration.

### Filling cauldrons with Potions

Potion bottles may be used on a cauldron to fill it. Using a glass bottle on a cauldron filled with a potion drains it and fills the bottle. Potions cannot be combined in a cauldron, nor can they be mixed with water.

## Custom effects

Potions can also be obtained with any status effect using `/give` and the tag `CustomPotionEffects`, which is an array of effects for the potion. See Item format#Potion Effects for more information, and status effect for a list of effects and IDs.