Nations with Limited Recognition

A number of polities have declared independence and sought diplomatic recognition from the international community as *de jure* sovereign states, but have not been universally recognized as such. These entities often have *de facto* control of their territory. A number of such entities have existed in the past. The following also includes known separatist movements.

The declarative theory defines a state as a person in international law if it meets the following criteria:

1. a defined territory
2. a permanent population
3. a government, and
4. a capacity to enter into relations with other states.

According to the declarative theory, an entity's statehood is independent of its recognition by other states. By contrast, the constitutive theory defines a state as a person of international law only if it is recognized as such by other states that are already a member of the international community. They are also considered if they are recognized by the League of Unrecognized Nations and Peoples.

## List of Nations

### **Abyadia**

* Claimed Capital: Juba

* Claimed Territory: South Sudan

* Ethnic Group: Christian Sudanese
* Language: Arabic
* Recognition: Egypt

### **Ainu-Mosir**

* Claimed Capital: Sat Poro Pet

* Claimed Territory: Hokkaido, Sakhalin, Kuril Islands

* Ethnic Group: Ainu, Russians
* Language: Ainu, Russian
* Recognition: Soviet Union, China, Mekong, Korea

### **Azawagh**

* Claimed Capital: Timbuktu

* Claimed Territory: Tombouctou, Kidal and Gao (Mali), Agadez Region, northern Tahoua (Niger)

* Ethnic Group: Tuareg

* Language: Tuareg, Arabic
* Recognition: N/A

### **Bangladesh**

* Claimed Capital: Dhaka

* Claimed Territory: Bangladesh, West Bengal and Tripura States of India

* Ethnic Group: Bengali

* Language: Bengali
* Recognition: Burma, Maldives, Thailand, Pakistan

### **Botswana**

* Claimed Capital: Gaborone

* Claimed Territory: Botswana, North West Province, Kgalagadi District Municipality

* Ethnic Group: Tswana

* Language: Tswana
* Recognition: N/A

### **Catalonia**

* Claimed Capital: Barcelona

* Claimed Territory: Catalonia

* Ethnic Group: Catalonians

* Language: Catalan
* Recognition: N/A

### **Corsica**

* Claimed Capital: Aiacciu

* Claimed Territory: Corsica

* Ethnic Group: Corsicans

* Language: Corsican
* Recognition: France

### **Felvidék**

* Claimed Capital: Kassa

* Claimed Territory: Nitra, Banská Bystrica and Košice Region of Slovakia

* Ethnic Group: Hungarians of Slovakia

* Language: Hungarian
* Recognition: Hungary

### **Gagauzia**

* Claimed Capital: Komrat

* Claimed Territory: Gagauzia, Leova, Cimișlia, Cantemir, Basarabeasca, Taraclia, Cahul (Moldova)

* Ethnic Group: Gagauz

* Language: Gagauz
* Recognition: Ukraine, East Nistria

### **Galilee**

* Claimed Capital: Haifa

* Claimed Territory: Golan Heights, Northern District, Haifa District, Center District, Tel Aviv

* Ethnic Group: Jews

* Language: Hebrew

### **Guangxi (Gvangjsih)**

* Claimed Capital: Namzningz

* Claimed Territory: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

* Ethnic Group: Zhuang

* Language: Zhuang
* Recognition: Thailand, Burma, Tibet

### **Hmongchaw**

* Claimed Capital: Xà Phìn

* Claimed Territory: Socialist Republic of Monthonthai and the Socialist Republic of Monthonthai (Mekong)

* Ethnic Group: Hmong

* Language: Hmong
* Recognition: Thailand, Burma, Tibet

### **Jabal al-Druze**

* Claimed Capital: As-Suwayda

* Claimed Territory: As-Suwayda, Daraa, Quneitra, Golan Heights

* Ethnic Group: Druze

* Language: Arabic
* Recognition: United Kingdom, Canaan

### **Kalahari**

* Claimed Capital: Otjomuise

* Claimed Territory: Namibia other than the Caprivi Strip

* Ethnic Group: Khoisans

* Language: Oshiwambo, Nama, Damarra
* Recognition: N/A

### **Kalmykia**

* Claimed Capital: Elst

* Claimed Territory: Republic of Kalmykia

* Ethnic Group: Kalmyk Oirat

* Language: Kalmyk
* Recognition: North Caucasia, Circassia, Ossetia, Abkhazia, Georgia

### **Kampuchea**

* Claimed Capital: Phnom Penh

* Claimed Territory: Cambodia, Mekong Delta Region of Vietnam, Isan Region of Thailand

* Ethnic Group: Khmer

* Language: Khmer
* Recognition: United Kingdom, Thailand, Burma, France

### **Kanaka**

* Claimed Capital: Nouméa

* Claimed Territory: New Caledonia

* Ethnic Group: Kanak

* Language: Drehu, Nengone, Paicî, Ajië
* Recognition: Fiji, Kukumua, United Pacific Federation, New Zealand

### **Kozakia**

* Claimed Capital: Novocherkassk

* Claimed Territory: Donbass Oblast (Donetsk Oblast and Luhansk Oblast), Voronezh Oblast, Rostov Oblast, Volgogrod Oblast of the Russian Soviet Socialist Republic.

* Ethnic Group: Cossacks
* Language: Ukrainian, Russian
* Recognition: United Kingdom, France, United States, Poland

### **Kresowia**

* Claimed Capital: Lublin
* Claimed Territory: Galitsia and the territory of the Kresy Wschodnie (Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine)
* Ethnic Group: Kresowiaks/Kresowians
* Language: Kresowian Polish
* Recognition: United States, Poland, United Kingdom, Canada

### **Laos**

* Claimed Capital: Vientiane
* Claimed Territory: Laos, Tây Bắc Region of Vietnam, Isan Region of Thailand
* Ethnic Group: Lao
* Language: Lao
* Recognition: United Kingdom, Thailand, Burma, France

### **Lazistan**

* Claimed Capital: Rizini
* Claimed Territory: Rize Province, Artvin Province, Trabzon Province, Adjara Region
* Ethnic Group: Laz
* Language: Laz
* Recognition: Armenia, Azerbaijan

### **Lëtzebuerg**

* Claimed Capital: Stad Lëtzebuerg
* Claimed Territory: Luxembourg, Luxembourg Province of Belgium, Bitburg-Prüm District of Germany, Burg-Reuland Municipality of Belgium
* Ethnic Group: Luxembourgers/Lëtzebuerger
* Language: Luxembourgish/Lëtzebuergesch
* Recognition: Bavarian Republic, France

### **Luangwa**

* Claimed Capital: Ndola
* Claimed Territory: Copperbelt, Central Zambia, Muchinga, North Zambia, Luapula
* Ethnic Group: Bemba
* Language: Bemba
* Recognition: N/A

### **Lusatia**

* Claimed Capital: Chóśebuz
* Claimed Territory: Elbe-Ester, Oberspreewald-Lausitz, Spree-Neiße, Cottbus, Bautzen, Görlitz, Zgorzelec County, Żary County
* Ethnic Group: Sorbs
* Language: Sorbian
* Recognition: N/A

### **Malacca**

* Claimed Capital: Singapore

* Claimed Territory: Singapore, Melaka, Johor, Negeri Sembilan

* Ethnic Group: Malay, Chinese, Indians, Singaporean

* Language: Malay, English
* Recognition: United Kingdom, Indonesia

### **Malawi**

* Claimed Capital: Lilongwe
* Claimed Territory: Malawi, Niassa Province, Tete Province, Eastern Province
* Ethnic Group: Chewa
* Language: Chewa
* Recognition: N/A

### **Mashonaland**

* Claimed Capital: Harare

* Claimed Territory: Mashonaland West, Mashonaland Central, Mashonaland East, Manicaland, Midlands, Masvingo.

* Ethnic Group: Shona

* Language: Shona
* Recognition: N/A

### **Mordovia**

* Claimed Capital: Saranoš

* Claimed Territory: Russian Republic of Mordovia

* Ethnic Group: Modvins (Erzya and Moksha)

* Language: Erzya and Moksha
* Recognition: Volgastan

### **Qafaria**

* Claimed Capital: Semera

* Claimed Territory: Afar Region, Southern Red Sea Region, Tadjourah Region, Obock Region

* Ethnic Group: Afar

* Language: Afar
* Recognition: Somalia

### **Qaraqalpaqstan**

* Claimed Capital: No'kis
* Claimed Territory: Karakalpakstan Autonomous Region of Uzbekistan
* Ethnic Group: Karakalpaks
* Language: Karakalpak
* Recognition: Kazakhstan, Soviet Union, Kyrgyzstan

### **Sandžak**

* Claimed Capital: Novi Pazar
* Claimed Territory: Novi Pazar, Tutin, Sjenica (Serbia) Rožaje, Plav, Berane, Andrijevica (Montenegro)
* Ethnic Group: Bosniaks of Sandžak
* Language: Bosnian
* Recognition: Bosnia, Croatia, Slovenia

### **Sarawak**

* Claimed Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan

* Claimed Territory: Brunei, Limbang Division, Miri Division

* Ethnic Group: Malay, Kedayan, Chinese

* Language: Malay
* Recognition: United Kingdom, Indonesia

### **Sri Lanka**

* Claimed Capital: Kolonthota

* Claimed Territory: Sri Lanka without the Northern Province, Anuradhapura or Trincomalee District

* Ethnic Group: Sinhalese People

* Language: Sinhalese
* Recognition: United Kingdom, Maldives

### **Sudetenland**

* Claimed Capital: Reichenberg

* Claimed Territory: Karlovy Vary, Ústí nad Labem and Liberec Regions of Czech Republic

* Ethnic Group: Sudeten Germans

* Language: German
* Recognition: German Republic

### **Swabia**

* Claimed Capital: Schduagert

* Claimed Territory: Baden-Württemberg

* Ethnic Group: Swabians

* Language: Schwäbisch (Swabian German) and Alemannisch
* Recognition: N/A

### **Szeklerland (Székelyföld**)

* Claimed Capital: Marosvásárhely

* Claimed Territory: Harghita, Covasna, Mureș County of Romania

* Ethnic Group: Székely Hungarians

* Language: Hungarian
* Recognition: Hungary

### **Tamilakam**

* Claimed Capital: Chennai

* Claimed Territory: Tamil Nadu, Northern Province, Anuradhapura District and Trincomalee District

* Ethnic Group: Tamil

* Language: Tamil
* Recognition: N/A

### **Timor**

* Claimed Capital: Kupang
* Claimed Territory: East Timor and West Timor
* Ethnic Groups: Tetum, Mambai, Tukudede
* Languages: Tetum
* Recognition: Australia, New Zealand

### **Ulster (Northern Ireland)**

* Claimed Capital: Belfast
* Claimed Territory: Northern Ireland
* Ethnic Group: Protestant Irish, Britons
* Language: English, Irish
* Recognition: United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, France

### **United Tahitian Islands**

* Claimed Capital: Fa'a'ā

* Claimed Territory: French Polynesia

* Ethnic Group: Tahitians

* Language: Tahitian
* Recognition: United Pacific States

### **Uyghurstan**

* Claimed Capital: Ürümchi
* Claimed Territory: Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of the Socialist Republic of China
* Ethnic Group: Uyghurs
* Language: Uyghur
* Recognition: Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, United Kingdom, United States, France, Tibet

### **Vietnam**

* Claimed Capital: Saigon
* Claimed Territory: Vietnam and coastal Guangxi
* Ethnic Group: Vietnamese
* Language: Viet
* Recognition: United Kingdom, Thailand, Burma, France

### **Weichselland**

* Claimed Capital: Breslau
* Claimed Territory: Pomerania, Lubusz Land, Posen-West Prussia, Silesia. Some claim the old Province of Posen.
* Ethnic Group: Vistula Germans
* Language: German
* Recognition: German Republic

### **West Cape**

* Claimed Capital: Cape Town/Kaapstad
* Claimed Territory: Western Cape Province
* Ethnic Group: Afrikaners, Boers, White South Africans
* Language: Afrikaans, English
* Recognition: United States, United Kingdom, Canada, France, Australia

### **Zululand**

* Claimed Capital: Ulundi

* Claimed Territory: KwaZulu-Natal, Eastern Cape, Free State, Gauteng, Mpumalanga, Swaziland, Lesotho, Maputo

* Ethnic Group: Zulu

* Language: Zulu
* Recognition: N/A

## Flags of Nations with Limited Recognition

AbyadiaAinu-MosirAzawaghBangladeshBotswanaCataloniaCorsicaFelvidékGagauziaGalileeGuangxiHmongchawJabal al-DruzeKalahariKalmykiaKampucheaKanakaKozakiaKresowiaLaosLazistanLëtzebuergLuangwaLusatiaMalaccaMalawiMashonalandMordoviaQafariaQaraqalpaqstanSandžakSarawakSri LankaSudetenlandSwabiaSzeklerlandTamilakamTimorUlsterUnited Tahitian IslandsUyghuristanVietnamWeichsellandWest CapeZululand