Cape Malay

**Syntax:**

Noun-Adfjective(kasta bugis)

Possessor posssessed

PROPOSITION-NOUN(DIATAS LU)

Numeral noun-satu ruma

demonstrative noun - ini surat

noun - relative clauuse

TV DO

S TV IO DO(SAIJA KASIE DIA SAKIET)

AUX VERB AND VERB(samua BOLE CAKAP malayu)

Adverb and Verb (Leker senyum, quick smile)

Negative verb(tramasoek)

KA- or

my house is beautiful or not?(goea poenja roema cantik ka tara?)

i hungry

bride beautiful

he was killed by mary(dia kasie mary buno)

who was killed by mary(sapa kasi si mary bunoh)

John thinks hes already met mary(john rasa dia parna jumpa mary)

I speak Malay(Gua omong/bicara(omong more common Bahasa Malayu

you cause me to be sad(lu kasi gua sadi)

**Interrogative Pronoun:**

apa - what

sapa -who

mana - which

kapang - when

barapa - how many/much

bagana - how

kanapa - why

mana - where

**Pronouns:**

Gua

Lu

Dia

Kita orang

Lu orang

Dia orang

**Verbs:**

sakarang- now(karang)

sadikit-little

barapa - some

samua - all

banyak - many

sini - here

sana - there

si - person marker(case marker for human or aniimate direct object NP's and a preposition for indirect object PP's)(Dia kata kata si gua)(he speak SI i)

Reduplicaion:

short-short - often

piece-piece - piece by piece

one-one -one by one

dakat - near/at

balakang - after

causative verb with clausecomplement(anak, kasi gua terperenjat)(son, cause i shock)

Verb Reduplication - iteration(indicate a repeated activity) or to indicate that the actions is going on for an extended time

baku- reciprocal verbs(dia orang bakucinta, they love each other)

tar - unintentional action, unexpected action

bar - added to nominal base means "to have x, to use x or to produce x"/**to adjective it means"having the quality of x or to become x**"/can form ongoing or stative verbs/**can create verbs with a reflexive meaning**

-an(nouns from verbs)

sampe - up to, until

Aspects:

jangang - dont(imperative)

ada - progressive, habitual(usually)

suda(su) - perfective

abis - completive

akang - future/would

parna - ever

masi -still

nanti - eat later(future)

baru - recent perfect, just ate

bolong(belum?) - not yet, future, event not yet occured

**Portuguese:**

 aia/ama - children's maid ( aya, ama)

albekoor - albecora (albekor)

ananas - ananazeiro ( nanas)

 angostura - angostura ( angostura)

 kanna - alcana (kana)

 alkatief - alcatif (alkatif)

altea - althea (altea)

 arraroot - araruto (Ararut)

betel
brinjal - beringela (berinjal)

buksboom - buxu (buksu)

dalia - dahlia (dalia)

belombra - bella-sombra (belombra)

jakaranda

 jakka - jacca (jaka)

koejawei - goiaba (kuyaba)

daeraad - dorado (dorad)

bredie - bredo (beredu)

 atjar - achar

 faisin - feijao (pejang)

 disa - Dias(orchid)

 tarrentale - terra natal (tarantal)

asalea - azalea

 arrie nee -arre(exclamation of iritation)(ari)

assois- anchova (ansjoba

baljaar - bailar (baliar)

 bastiaan - bastonada (bastang)

 basta! - basta, enough

bastion - bastiao (bastang)

brigade - brigada (brigada)

desserteer - dessertar (desertar)

detail - detalha (detali)

ekwipasie - equipagem (ekipajeng)

bajonet - baioneta (bayonet)

bandelier - bandoleira (bandolera)

barrakoeda - barracuda (barakuda)

battery - bataria (batari)

bivakkeer - bivacar (bibakar)

artillerie - artilharia (artilari)

flank - flanco (flangku)

flottielje - flortilha (flotili)

galjoen - galeao (galiang)

kalfater - calafatar (kalfatar)

kamoefleer - camuflar(kamuflar)

karet - careta (kareta)

kaserne/kasarm - caserna (kaserna)

cansada- kasaat (kansada)

kardoes - cartucho (kardus)

karabyn - carabino (karabin)

karveel - caravela (karbela)

kepie - quepi (kepi)

kavallerie - cavalaria(kabaleri)

kolonel

 kommandant

 kommodoor

 rondawei - rondavallo - round building (rondabal)

 sappeur - sapador(engineering corps soldier)(sapador)

salba - to save

soldadoe - soldado

sinjaal - sinal(signal) sinal

soldy - soldo(pay) soldu

bark - barco(small craft) barku

tenk - tanque(reservoir) tangki

kapelaan - capalania(chaplain) kapalang

maskie - mais que maski

petalje - batalha(big to do) batali

kapater - capado (kapadu)

kakkerlak - carcalacca (kakerlak)

kaduks - caduco(broken bust) (kaduku)

pikanien - piqueno (pikanin)

ramkie - rabequinho (rabekini)

tamboera - (tambor)

tamaai(big - tamanho) (tamani)

soembreloe - sombreiro (sumbrelu)

kris - keris(dagger)

assegaai - azagaia (asagai)

kaskabel(cascavel), type of rattle

laskaar - lascar(oriental sailors) (laskar)

 paaiboelie?(pai + boele, father white man)

(paibule)

 palawer - negotiate(palavra + pelawi) (palawi)

mantega - butter

baldi(bucket),

janela(window),

kasta(caste),

tempo(time),

garsa(heron)

kamarang - shrimp

karia - termite

karapatu - tick

panela - pot, pan, kettle

kalam - tin

malabar - Indian person

garsa - heron

**Khoisan Words**

bukhu - buchu herb (bukhu)

ena - eina (ouch)

khokho - bug, insect(gogga)

kua(originally kuah) - quagga(zebra)

aica - aitsa(oy!, exclamation, pain, surprise,astonishment)

dakha - wild dagga/marijuana

kiri - walking stick, kierie

tarik kawat - masturbate (pull wire)

**Bantu**

kori - Setshwana kgori, kori bustard

mahem- gray crowned crane

marula - marula tree

**Eastern Bantu**

kurupa - ekhoropa SNAIL(makhuwa)

kalipa- hard to beat(makhuwa)

makuata - running sore(makhuwa)

dau - dhow

**Bemba**

belenga - ugly

**Yao**

loga - bewitch

**Wolof**

yapa - eat enthusiastically

**Malagasy:**

tambab - small children's disease

ampang - rice stuck to bottom of pot

hafus - hafotsa (banyan tree)

urita - octopus

malis - to pound/grind

lulu - devil

tampan - dandruff

kapakapa - eat voraciously, eat quickly

malang - stinking

mandeng - to lie

firang - harpoon

**Malay:**

rottang - cane

blatjang - chutney

piering- saucer

poera-poera do nothing

laksemana > laksemana(semantic shift to executioer)

kierang - kierang, trickery,

maling - thief

**Afrikaans:**

pitersili - parsley

mili - corn

kamar - room

apel - apple

bunci - bean

duit - money

siting - brick

sekel - sickle/scold

haidang - heathen

kandelar - candle(orig. candlestick)

rok - skirt

baskom - washbasin

buruk - trousers

kompani - company

far - for/to

lansik - languid, listless(landziek)

sukruf - screw

kip - to notch,nick, notch, nick

famili - family

hafa -harbor

karam - cramp

kayukan- squared timber

godperdom -damn it

nilon - nylon, nylon fishingline

hordel - belt,girdle

fork - fork

pols tangan - wrist

fader - terms of address for men

barlus - worthless, broken down

lupraf(loopgraaf)- trench

kalar - ready, finished

maklar - middleman(merchant)

rendel(grendel)- doorbolt

sopoit - to spray, spout, spurt

supul - to wash, rinse (uncommon)

kayu satapel - firewood

etfir- pencil eraser

paristir - priest

pelester - plaster

palafon - ceiling

baroit - bride

lektrisi- electtric current

sakaf - carpenter's plane

raker- rascal

leker- candy

lastikh - annoying

kak - shit

bos - bush

fulurduk- floor-cloth

barak - brackish/saltish

bors - money-box of bamboo

satrat - street

satrip - stripe

Satrika - to iron

aker - acre

pomp -pump

handuk - towel

Calques:

They killed him(they make him dead. dia orang biking dia mati)

food was up(finished)(makanan diatas)

teacher scold him out(guru suda sekel dia ka luar

**Malayalam**:

baba - baby

**Tamil:**

pukai - drunk

nartai - tangerine

kanci - starch

katalan - intimate friend

kali - cactus

noci - vitex

vetiver - vetiver

pikanggai - luffa

murunggai - moringa

abraikai - lablab bean

patol - snake gourd

kotabaranggai - guar

kotumali - coriander

**Marathi:**

bombil - bombay duck

**Swahili:**

kasuku - parrot

kaca kaca - to crumble making a sharp noise, to gnash ones teeth

madoido - ornament

konde - fist

kikapu - basket

toto - child

pariuk paca(break pot, calque for praying mantis)

**Sena:**

marumbo - intestines

**Hindi:**

bahir - strong

kalai - small boiler, frying pan

gasak - refreshment

labada - cloak

kambal - blanket

paisa - money

bubak - old simpleton

topi - hat

bacara - thug

cabi - key (from Portuguese chave)(also kunci)

curel - witch. ghost

duka - (reinfluenced to mean distress)

gungga - mute

safran - saffron

janggil - wild

kalas - pot, pitcher

karai - cooking pan, saucepan

tamasya - scene, fuss, show

pandit - scholar, learned man

pagla - crazy person

**Sinhala**

pinggo - carrying pole