Mexico

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Mexico is a country in North and Central America, a leading power in the modern world and founding member of the Panama Pact.

## History

### Triumvirate

After the signing of the Treaties of Córdoba, a provisional government was installed, which in accordance with the aforementioned document established a Triumvirate. Competition of the Liberals Vicente Guerrero and Guadalupe Victoria against the conservative Iturbide left the country in the brink of chaos and so the assassination of Iturbide in 1826 was ordered and carried out by liberal elements of the army which also proceded to purge remaining influential conservative officers. Soon after a resolution was passed officially proclaiming the Federal Republic.

### Early Republic

The central characters throughout the first half of the 19th century were Vicente Guerrero and Guadalupe Victoria. Both exchanged the presidency several times and continued to suppress conservatives in the elections as their centralist and often times monarchist ideals where seen as too dangerous to be allowed to succeed. On the 22nd of June, 1826, Simón Bolívar in Colombia summoned the federal government to the Congress of Panama, which would become vital in establishing the Panama Pact among other things.

In 1835 the Tejano Revolt would break out, many conservative and pro slavery Anglo settlers in the state of Tejas would revolt in an attempt to declare independence, however the decentralized governments of Victoria and Guerrero meant that they had little support from non Anglo locals and the continued payment of defense fees to the Comanche also got support for the federal government from the powerful natives, the revolt was quickly crushed and a resolution was passed to expulse everyone who supported the revolt, there was already a law in place that declared any slave that stepped foot on Mexico was to become free but after this President Guerrero also decided to begin work for expanding the underground railroad into Tejas.

### United States War

The governments moves to end slavery and the swift defeat of their settlers left many in the United States, mainly in the south, angered and demanding that the government interfered and on the 25th of April, 1846, President James K. Polk offered to purchase all of northern Mexico, a proposal that was obviously denied but in the US was seen as justification, Unitedstatian troops would begin a skirmish in the Tejano border and when the Mexican border militias counter attacked began a full invasion.

The United States' forces were unable to advance as swiftly as they had expected as the growing population of former slaves in Tejas began fighting a guerrilla war against their occupying forces out of fear of being enslaved again, this bought the forces of the rest of Mexico time to organize and launch an effective defense of the rest of the country and a counter offensive into Tejas, meanwhile in the United States' Army the "San Patricios" as they would come to be known deserted the US army as they saw themselves as closer to the catholic Mexicans than the protestant americans to whom they had even been victims of racism, providing the Mexican army with intelligence about the United States position and weapons.

The war which had mostly turned into a stalemate experienced a turning point when the United Kingdom, seeing an opportunity to push their claims on the "Oregon territory" declared Mexico an ally in their mission against slavery and interfered in late 1847, leading to the US seeing the effort as no longer worth it and the Treaty of New Orleans being signed the 2nd of February, 1848, returning the Mexican Borders to the status quo and conceding multiple disputed territories to British North America.

### Guerra de Reforma

In 1858, after President Comonfort attempted to implement a series of reforms (leyes de reforma) aimed at lessening the power of the church and army, the Conservative party with support from many in the army launched a Coup that sparked a Civil War, known as the war of Reform , the legitimate government, now lead by Benito Juárez, fleeing to Veracruz where they would gather support from Colombia and "Chinacos" poorly equipped but determined people that began a guerrilla against the junta government that had most of the Army, the war would end in 1860 after a decisive Liberal victory in the Battle of Calpulalpan.

### War of 68

Also known as the Spanish-Panama Pact War,