Kyōsuke Kami

***Kyōsuke Kami*** (紙 恭輔, *Kami Kyōsuke*) was a Japanese music composer and one of Japan's first full-scale jazz players. Kami composed numerous films for Toho, including the companies first ever film Three Sisters with Maiden Hearts, and served as first and vice-composer.

## Biography

Takeshi Sakurada  under the first grade of Hiroshima Higher Normal School Attached Junior High School (currently Hiroshima University Attached High School ) . The paper was class president and the music was good . From the same school , proceed to the Faculty of Law , Tokyo Imperial University via Fifth High School . A silent movie in the dark as a member (musician) of the Hatano Orchestra (Hatano Orchestra), which was the number one orchestra at that time, at Meguro Kinema (cinema) near the age of 14 and 15 in junior high school , mainly as a bass player. It is said that he performed the accompaniment of  . At that time, Asakusa Empire Museum (now Asakusa ROX ) and Shinjuku Musashino Hall , Ginza of Konparu Museum there is an orchestra in each movie theater, etc., of Meguro Kinema who was of paper Gen. Musei Tokugawa that it was.

Accompaniment of silent movies, Movie in the case of imported from foreign music album the medley performance as, Japanese film in the case of in the Japanese and Western ensemble " Sakura , etc." and "Nihonbashi Edo" Unison played aligned with. In other words, it was the music of the movie of this era that the orchestra played the ready-made songs like a medley and accompanied them as the movie progressed in the movie theater . Since these orchestras with theaters choose the appropriate songs by themselves, the music is different in the huts of theater A and theater B even in the same movie. That became a talkie, and things changed completely. The music was burned into the film itself, and a certain amount of music was heard according to the scene, and it was necessary to have a music director who selects or composes the music and plays it. The history of film music begins at this time , the first of which is paper .

At Fifth High School, he participated in the establishment of the soccer club of the school .

Tokyo from the time of the Imperial University two years  , Kosaku Yamada presided over the Hidemaro Konoe was founded Japan's first full-fledged classical orchestra and New Symphony Orchestra ( NHK Symphony Orchestra in the predecessor) Double Bass participated in serve as the chief  . In the early 1920s, jazz was popular in Kansai, but jazz was still in its infancy in Tokyo. Six universities , but students of became a popular as a starting point what was started in amateur bands, paper while a classic player, in a progressive musician who cast himself in the jazz world of the early days, sax player He joined those bands and led the band himself, and eventually became known as Japan's first full-fledged jazzman .

In 1925 , NHK ( JOAK ) will start the main broadcast. Keizo Horiuchi, who was commissioned by NHK , worked on a jazz program, and papers familiar with jazz within the Japan Symphony Orchestra formed a band called "Tokyo Broadcasters" to perform live on this program. This is also said to be the first major jazz band in Japan . Paper was in charge of song selection and arrangement, and paper was also the arranger of Columbia Records , and the songs played by the papers that had a good reputation became records . At that time, there were no songs in Japanese jazz, but due to the popularization of jazz, songs (jazz songs) were included, and two vocalists , Teiichi Futamura and Kikuyo Amano , who were attached to this band, were put on the market and are still popular. It was a big boom when there was no song . Graduated from Tokyo Imperial University in 1926  .

In 1928, the song "Aozora / Arabiya no Uta (AB both sides)" by Nimura, backed by paper, was released by Columbia Records and became a big hit. This is said to be Japan's first jazz record, and this is also Japan's first jazz with songs. For this reason, Nimura is considered to be the pioneer of Japanese jazz singers and the pioneer of Japanese popular singers. Nimura = Paper combination becomes the first record jazz musician in Japan  . In 1929, recommended by the then president of Columbia , H. White, he participated mainly in the formation of the company's exclusive band "Columbia Jazz Band", and as a conductor, released the company's works one after another and released many jazz records. Make it a hit. It seems that this band was the highest standard jazz band in the history of Japanese jazz.

In 1931 , the University of Southern California studied in  . Learn symphonic jazz , which incorporates classical techniques into jazz . Two years later, in 1932, he returned to Japan and held the first symphonic jazz concert in Japan at the Hibiya Public Hall , which was predominant at the time. Here, Ferde Grofé and others conducted George Gershwin 's " Rhapsody in Blue ", which was premiered in Japan by paper and piano Hajime Wada, and received great acclaim and started the symphonic jazz movement. It is said that Ryoichi Hattori, who heard this news, went to Tokyo in a hurry. In addition, Paul Whiteman's special arrangement "Rhapsody in Blue" was conducted by the "Corona Orchestra", which forms the flow of the NHK Symphony Orchestra, and was broadcast on JOAK, which was also a big hit. In the same year, at the request of a new movie company [ *Ambiguity Avoidance* ] , he worked on the drama accompaniment of "Showa Shinsengumi" co-directed by Minoru Murata and Tomotaka Tasaka . This is the first film score by paper. Also, " Shotake Opera CompanyMusic director of the ministry of " Takiko Mizunoe of al starring show," Tango Rosa in charge of the music of ", was Shochiku opera biggest hit. The theme song was also a big hit. Furthermore, in October, he was in charge of arranging a new band formed by Fumio Nanri and others at the popular dance hall "Florida" in Akasaka Tameike , which was newly reopened after a fire burned down . .. It is also said to be the owner / driver Hashiri in Japan  .

In February 1933, he conducted the first Japanese singing of Fumiko Kawabata, a second-generation Japanese diva who swept the Japanese jazz world from this year to the following year , and broadcast it on the radio. At this time, "Mikazuki Musume", which was translated by Iwao Mori, who later became the representative of the PCL movie (Photochemical Research Institute, then Toho ), was sung. Around this time when Shochiku Opera quit in a year and domestic talkies began to be made, the representative (production manager) Iwao Mori was encouraged to form an exclusive orchestra that could also handle jazz-style musicals when the PCL movie was launched (December 1933) . Became the first director of the music department of the company. In 1933, he formed the "PCL Orchestra" centered on players pulled from the "Corona Orchestra", and released a series of film scores that incorporated classical music into popular music and jazz. He seems to be willing to conduct the orchestra himself, and has been in charge of music director for 19 works since then. "Horoyohi Seimei" directed by Sotoji Kimura , the first PCL independent production and said to be Japan's first full-scale music movie, "Otome Gokoro" directed by Mikio Naruse , and "Enoken no Seishun" directed by Kajiro Yamamoto. Yoitoraden ", Tomu Uchida worked on music, such as supervision" naked city ", Japan's initial movie music, especially of Japanese musical movie shaped the.1936 In the "brother sister" of the, of the conductor Hidemaro Konoe is responsible for the performance and Sen song with draws, Schubert "of masu " and Mozart , Haydn , Mendelssohn , list off-the-shelf classic songs such as paper is arrangement to Takumi So, I made a strange attempt as a talkie movie. Tadashi Hattori is a colleague and junior of this era. In the early talkies, the film image and soundtrack could not be processed separately, and shooting and music dubbing ( recording ) had to be done at the same time. For this reason, the music group also participated in the shooting and played beside the actor acting. "Corona Orchestra" has been widely active in the Imperial Hotel , Japanese drama performances, radio appearances, etc., in addition to injecting movie music . In 1936, he was invited to the Manchuria Railway movie and worked on the music for the documentary film "Unexplored Atagawa". The "Corona Orchestra" became the "Toho Film Music Club" when Toho Film was established in 1937 , and later became the "Toho Symphony Orchestra".

Toho, which was established by the merger and absorption of PCL in 1937, did not participate, and the direct touch with movie music ended there . In 1938, he was invited to the first conductor (general conductor) of the newly established " Shochiku Theater Company " by Shochiku . Unlike the Shochiku Opera Company and the Takarazuka Revue, the Shochiku Theater Company is a show team that co-stars with men and women, and is based on the Imperial Theater that was under the wings of Shochiku at that time , and has an unprecedented epoch-making show. The aim was to make it. We welcomed Ryoichi Hattori as the deputy conductor on the way back from the Chinese tour . Shizuko Kasagi, who was on sale in Osaka at this performance, made her debut in Tokyo. The troupe boasted a high standard, but the paper left the group in about half a year, after which Hattori took over and continued to perform ambitious performances centered on music shows. After that, jazz became a target of expulsion as music of the hostile nation, so he composed military songs and classical orchestra suites to raise the fighting spirit, and during the Pacific War , he set up a music plot against the United States and Britain at the request of the military. I organized and played jazz on overseas broadcasts. Symphonic Suite "Borneo" released in 1942 during the war , 1944"Concerto for xylophone and orchestration" is considered to be a representative song.

After the war in 1945 the end, Tokyo Takarazuka Theater is the occupation forces requisitioned to Ernie Pyle Theater became a, 1946 GHQ become the music director of  , as a conductor of "Ernie Pyle Theater exclusive orchestra" reigned for six years  . Since then, he has led the jazz music world as a leading jazz player after the war . Among the performances under the direction of paper was Hikaru Hayashi, who later composed the NHK Taiga drama. Since he is fluent in English , he negotiates with the occupation army as a boss on the Japanese side to meet the demand of the occupation army . Occupation forces stationed in the defeat and demanded a large number of jazz performance orchestras. In order to prevent troubles between the messy Japanese musicians and the Demand Occupation Army, we conducted a weekly test, gave each performer a rank, and created a system with the Occupation Army to pay rewards according to that rank. However, due to the lack of absolute amount of performers, advanced performers obeyed it, but intermediate and below did not obey it, and a competition ( trafficking of musicians ) was held openly in the daytime to find a place with a good reward even for 1 yen . It is said that many musicians gathered at the Marunouchi North Exit of Tokyo Station every day for several years. ..

Sadao Watanabe said, "Soon after the war, I started jazz when I was still in high school, but at that time there was only a book called" Jazz Arrangement "by Mr. Paper, and I read it in the latter half of the 1960s. In the drama, Mr. Paper wrote music and I worked with him for a while, "he said .

In the early 1950s, Hiroshi Watanabe 's "Stardusters" and " Shin Watanabe and Six Jaws" created an unprecedented jazz boom. In addition, the composition, arrangement, and performance of popular singers such as Rintaro Tokai and Katsuhiko Ashida , music for radio dramas and animations , and science fiction and horror movie films such as " Transparent Man ", " Ghost Man ", and "Spider Man" from the mid-1950s. He also works on music. In addition, he composes school songs for several schools. Naohiro Iwai is said to have learned how to arrange and play on paper . One person who taught jazz to Yosuke Yamashita was Fumie Hoshino (Miyakawa) (sister of Kyozo Miyakawa) who played the piano in a paper band .

In 1952, with the return of the Takarazuka Theater, the band broke up and continued to appear in the U.S. military officers club with the "Ernie Pyle Orchestra," which left only its name, but was pushed by the rising rookie Jazzmen and became obsolete. ..

He was bought a bachelor's degree in law and held many positions . Due to the destruction of the organization of " Japan Musicians Union ", he was asked to rebuild it because he was "the smartest bandman", and he newly established "Japan Musicians Association (Nichionren)" and became chairman. Copyright is said to be the first to the person who made the organization making to protect the rights of musicians such as  , the United States of the Union as well as the labor union aims to introduce in the form of, Hiroshi Watanabe, Chairman, et al. And guarantee negotiations with NHK, foreigners He has been in the chairmanship for many years, working to improve the treatment of musicians, such as by negotiating with promoters who invite the band .

However, the elite side of being a graduate of the University of Tokyo Faculty of Law, which is rare for jazzmen, and the character of authority preference are disliked, and many members say that the union is red , so many members can not get the cooperation of the surroundings, and he became the chairman of the name "Paper (Paper ( It was ridiculed as "paper) union". In the end, the Nichion Ren became a non-working organization around 1970, and the "Japan Musicians Labor Union" launched by other musicians became the current " Japan Musicians Union Orchestra Council". Developed. 1966 , the movie " Hula Girls " ( 2006 Joban Hawaiian Center, which became a model of) (currently: Spa Resort Hawaiians ) mother - Joban Music and Dance Academy adviser of  .

In addition, musicians of copyright efforts to the problem  "entertainer health insurance union" second generation serves as the President  in many years efforts and achievements in the improvement of the entertainment industry, such as L'Ange Medal , 1976 in Isao four etc. Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Rosette are receiving. In the 1960s and 1970s, he frequently appeared in music programs broadcast on NHK TV , and engaged in enlightening activities for orchestral music centered on classical and semi-classical music. Died in 1981. Year of enjoyment 78.

It has been re-evaluated in recent years , with the Tokyo Philharmonic Orchestra playing paper songs in 2005.

### Background

Kyosuke Kami was born in Hiroshima Prefecture.

## Education and Career

Kami Kyosuke graduated from Tokyo University and proceeded to the University of Southern California to study music. Kyosuke Kami was music director of the Ernie Pyle Theatre (now Takarazuka), Tokyo, (1947). A pioneer of Japanese jazz , light music, and film music  . Hiroshima Prefecture Hiroshima Otemachi (the current city , Naka-ku, Otemachi ) was born in  . Takefather is Baron , a member of the House of Peers, and Tomotake Minamiiwakura, the first principal of Nihonbashi Simple Commercial Night School (currently Chuo Gakuin University ).

## Filmography

### Symphonic music

* Symphonic Suite "Borneo" (1942)
* Concerto for xylophone and orchestration (1944)

### Film

* Ongaku kigeki horoyoi jinsei (Directed by Sotoji Kimura, 1933)
* Three Sisters with Maiden Hearts (Directed by Mikio Naruse, 1934)
* tadano bonji: jinsei benkyô (Directed by Sotoji Kimura, 1934)
* General Arupusu (Directed by Kajiro Yamamoto , 1934)
* hadaka no machi (Directed by Tomu Uchida, 1937)
* Gonzo and Sukeju (1937, directed by Mansaku Itami )
* Dancer in Ginza (1950, directed by Shigeru Tajiri)
* Ghost Man (Directed by Motoyoshi Oda, 1954)
* The Invisible Avenger (directed by Motoyoshi Oda, 1954)
* Dangobei Catchbook / Open-Sesame Volume (1955, directed by Noburo Ofuji)
* Spider Man (1958, directed by Hiroyuki Yamamoto)

### School Music

* Naruto Nishi Elementary School, Naruto City
* Hiroshima City Yano Elementary School
* Sasebo City Hiu Elementary School

## References

This is a list of references for **Kyōsuke Kami**. These citations are used to identify the reliable sources on which this article is based. These references appear inside articles in the form of superscript numbers, which look like this: [1]

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kyosuke Kami-wikipedia (in Japanese).
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 https://prabook.com/web/kyosuke.kami/3717016
3. ↑ Three Sisters with Maiden Hearts (1935) | MUBI.