Ligne 120 KV - (Gueugnon-Champvert)

## Présentation :

La ligne Gueugnon-Champvert est une ancienne ligne à haute tension qui reliait la ville industrielle de Gueugnon à la centrale thermique de Champvert. Elle faisait partie du réseau primitif de Bourgogne mais est aujourd'hui en grande partie démontée.

Chargement de la 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class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EGueugnon\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Gueugnon\n","link":"","lat":46.608372662705136,"lon":4.074254643251836,"icon":""},{"text":"\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-parser-output\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EChampvert\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E","title":"Champvert\n","link":"","lat":46.84157422367666,"lon":3.4875843895236747,"icon":""}]}
## Historique :

On peut estimer les origines de la ligne à la mise en service en 1924 du barrage de Chancy-Pougny à Challex, sur la frontière Franco-Suisse. Son objectif initial était d'approvisionner les usines métallurgiques du Creusot et le groupe Schneider&Cie avait pour cela fait construire une ligne double à 120 000 volts de 140 km achevée en 1926.

Mais comme le Creusot ne pouvait absorber toute l'énergie produite par le barrage, il fallait vendre l'excédent dans la Nièvre et la Côte d'Or. La famille Schneider étendit donc son programme de transport de force avec deux autres lignes à 120 KV, dirigées vers Sombernon au Nord et Garchizy (près de Nevers) à l'Ouest. Le centre nerveux de ce réseau fut établit au poste de transformation *Jeanne Rose* (aujourd'hui *Henri Paul*) sur la commune d'Ecuisses. Le groupe fonda dans le même temps la *Compagnie Bourguignonne de Transport d'Energie* (BTE), destinée à transporter et livrer l'électricité.

Cette ligne était donc un maillon de la grande artère reliant *Henri-Paul* à Nevers qui desservait les industries et les centrales de la région. Elle assurait notamment l'alimentation des forges de Gueugnon mais faisait partie, au delà de ça, de la première interconnexion entre le réseau de Schneider&Cie et la barrage d'Eguzon qui était à l'époque le plus puissant d'Europe.

La ligne fut déclassée en 63 KV entre 1950 et 1955. En compensation, le poste de Champvert fut équipé pour la transformation à 150/63KV et raccordé à la ligne Garchizy - Henri-Paul (qui avait supplanté la ligne 120 KV dès 1936 dans le rôle de liaison d'interconnexion). A la fin des années 1950, un piquage fut réalisé sur la ligne au niveau de Grury pour alimenter l'usine *Fiat Someca* de Bourbon-Lancy.

Sa situation n'évoluera plus jusqu'en 1997, date à laquelle elle est démontée entre Champvert et le piquage de Grury, devenant ainsi la ligne 63 KV Gueugnon - Bourbon-Lancy.

## Description du tracé :

La ligne avait un tracé quasiment rectiligne sur tout son parcours, d'orientation globalement Nord-Ouest/Sud-Est.

* Elle partait du poste de Gueugnon et franchissait l'Arroux.
* Après avoir traversé la D51, elle tournait légèrement puis passait au Sud de Grury et de Cressy-sur-Somme.
* Elle traversait ensuite le *bois de Briffaut* et passait au dessus des étang du *Moulin* et *Michelet* à Montambert.
* A la sortie du bois, elle suivait plus ou moins la D979 et passait au Nord de Devay.
* Elle croisait ensuite la D981, la voie ferrée Nevers-Chagny puis franchissait le canal du Nivernais avant d'entrer dans le poste de Champvert.

## Tronçons récupérés pour la création de nouvelles lignes :

* Ligne 63 KV - (Gueugnon - Champvert - Bourbon-Lancy) - piquage
* Ligne 63 KV - (Gueugnon - Bourbon-Lancy)

## Note :

La ligne était composée quasi intégralement de pylônes à 3 triangles mais aussi ponctuellement de supports type nappe bien caractéristiques du réseau BTE. On retrouvait notamment ces pylônes sur la ligne Henri-Paul - Sombernon avant qu'elle ne soit modernisée.