Second Punic War

The second greatest conflict between Carthage and the Roman Republic was known as the **Second Punic War**. Also known as the Carthaginian War, the war was marked by the carthaginian general Hannibal.

## Battles of the Second Punic War

* 218 BC
* Battle of Lilybaeum - A Roman fleet of 20 quinqueremes defeated a Carthaginian fleet of 35 galleys.
* Battle of Catalonia - August - Hannibal conquered Catalonia.
* Battle of Rhone Crossing - September - Hannibal defeated the Gaul Volcae tribe
* Battles of the Alps - October - Hannibal's army defeated Gauls in two battles while crossing the Alps.
* Battle of the Ticinus - November - Hannibal defeated the Romans under Publius Cornelius Scipio the Elder in a small cavalry skirmish.
* Battle of the Trebia - December - Hannibal defeated the Romans under Tiberius Sempronius Longus, who had foolishly attacked.
* Battle of Cissa - Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus defeated Hanno. Iberia north of the Ebro River came under Roman control.
* Battle of Lake Trasimene - In an ambush, Hannibal destroyed the Roman army of Gaius Flaminius Nepos, who was killed.
* Battle of Ebro River - Naval battle - a Roman fleet, aided by ships from Massilia, surprised and defeated the Iberian contingent of the Carthaginian fleet in the naval
* Battle of Ager Falernus - Hannibal was trapped by Quintus Fabius in Ager Falernus, but he managed to escape
* Battle of Geronium - Hannibal trapped and inflicted severe losses on a Roman army under Minucius. The timely intervention of the Dictator Quintus Fabius Maximus saved the Romans from another disaster.
* Battle of Cannae - 216 BC August - Hannibal destroyed the Roman army led by Lucius Aemilius Paullus and Gaius Terentius Varro in what is considered one of the great masterpieces of the tactical art.
* First Battle of Nola - Roman general Marcus Claudius Marcellus held off an attack by Hannibal.
* 215 BC Second Battle of Nola - Marcellus again repulsed an attack by Hannibal.
* A Roman fleet under Titus Otacilius Crassus defeated a Carthaginian fleet near Sardinia.
* Battle of Dertosa - Hasdrubal Barca is defeated by the Scipio brothers. The Romans raided Carthaginian territory south of the Ebro river.
* Battle of Cornus - Carthaginian expedition under Hasdrubal the Bald is defeated near Caralis in Sardinia
* Third Battle of Nola - 214 BC - Marcellus fought an inconclusive battle with Hannibal.
* Battle of Beneventum - Tiberius Gracchus' slave legions defeat Hanno (son of Bomlicar) and, therefore, deny Hannibal his reinforcements.
* The Siege of Syracuse begins - 212 BC Hannibal, after careful planning and collaboration from the Greek populance, takes the city of Tarentum in a daring Night Raid on Tarentum. The Romans managed to hold the Citadel at the mouth of the port.
* First Battle of Capua - Hannibal defeated the consuls Q. Fulvius Flaccus and Appius Claudius, but the Roman army escaped. Siege of Capua temporarily lifted.
* Battle of the Silarus - Hannibal destroyed the army of the Roman praetor M. Centenius Penula in Campania.
* First Battle of Herdonia - Hannibal destroyed the Roman army of the praetor Gnaeus Fulvius in Apulia.
* The Siege of Syracuse ends with the fall of the city. Archimedes is accidentally slain.
* Battle of the Upper Baetis - 211 BC - Publius Cornelius Scipio and Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus were killed in battle with Hasdrubal Barca.
* Second Battle of Capua - Hannibal was unable to break the Roman siege of the city.
* Second Battle of Herdonia - 210 BC - Hannibal destroyed the Roman army of Fulvius Centumalus, who was killed.
* Battle of Numistro - Hannibal defeated Marcellus once more.
* Battle of Sapriportis - The Tarentine Greek navy defeated a Roman squadron trying to reinforce the Citadel.
* Battle of Asculum - 209 BC - Hannibal once again confronted Marcellus in an indecisive battle. Marcellus was recalled to Rome on charges of bad leadership.
* Seige of Cartagena - P. Cornelius Scipio the Younger captured Cartagena, the main base of Carthage in Hispania.
* Battle of Baecula - 208 BC - Romans in Hispania under P. Cornelius Scipio the Younger defeated Hasdrubal Barca. Hasdrubal managed to save 2/3 of his army, treasures and elephants and retreat.
* Battle of Clupea - The Carthaginian navy is defeated in a battle off the African coast.
* Battle of Grumentum - 207 BC - Roman general Gaius Claudius Nero fought an indecisive battle with Hannibal, then marched north to confront Hasdrubal Barca, who had invaded Italy.
* Battle of the Metaurus - Hasdrubal Barca was defeated and killed by Livius and Nero's combined Roman army. Is thought by many as one of the most decisive battles in history.
* Battle of Utica - Naval battle - A Carthaginian fleet of 70 ships is defeated by a Roman fleet of 100 ships near Utica.
* Battle of Ilipa - 206 BC - Scipio destroyed the remaining Carthaginian forces in Hispania.
* Battle of Crotona - 204 BC - Hannibal fought a drawn battle against the Roman general Sempronius in Southern Italy.
* Battle of Bagbrades - 203 BC - Romans under Scipio defeated the Carthaginian army of Hasdrubal Gisco and Syphax. Hannibal was recalled to Africa.
* Battle of Castra Cornelia - Carthaginian fleet under Hasdrubal plunders the Roman supply convoy sailing to resupply Scipio's army in Africa near Utica.
* Battle of Zama - October 19, 202 BC - Scipio Africanus Major decisively defeated Hannibal in North Africa, ending the Second Punic War.