Catherine, Princess of Wales

## Catherine

Catherine in 2018

**Catherine, Princess of Wales**, GCVO, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  (born **Catherine Elizabeth Middleton** on 9 January 1982) is a member of the British royal family. She is married to William, Prince of Wales, heir apparent to the British throne, making Catherine the likely next queen consort.

Born in Reading, Catherine grew up in Bucklebury, Berkshire. She was educated at St Andrew's School and Marlborough College before studying art history at the University of St Andrews in Scotland, where she met William in 2001. She held jobs in retail and marketing and pursued charity work before their engagement was announced in November 2010. They married on 29 April 2011 at Westminster Abbey. The couple's children—Prince George, Princess Charlotte, and Prince Louis—are second, third, and fourth in the line of succession to the British throne, respectively.

Catherine holds patronage within over 20 charitable and military organisations, including Action for Children, SportsAid, and the National Portrait Gallery. She undertakes projects through The Royal Foundation, with her charity work focusing on issues surrounding young children, addiction, and art. To encourage people to open up about their mental health issues, Catherine envisioned the mental health awareness campaign "Heads Together", launched with William and Prince Harry in April 2016. The media have called Catherine's impact on British and American fashion the "Kate Middleton effect". In 2011, 2012, and 2013, *Time* magazine selected her as one of the 100 Most Influential People in the World.

On 9 September 2022, she became Princess of Wales when her husband was created Prince of Wales by his father, King Charles III.

## Early life and career

Catherine Elizabeth Middleton was born at the Royal Berkshire Hospital in Reading on 9 January 1982 into an upper-middle-class family. She was baptised at St Andrew's Bradfield, a local parish church, on 20 June 1982. She is the eldest of three children born to Michael Middleton (b. 1949) and his wife, Carole (née Goldsmith; b. 1955), a former flight dispatcher and flight attendant, respectively, who in 1987 founded Party Pieces, a privately held mail order company that sells party supplies and decorations with an estimated worth of £30 million. By the early 20th century, the Middleton family had married into the British aristocracy and benefited financially from trust funds which they established over 100 years ago. Her Middleton relatives, including her great-grandfather Richard Noël Middleton and his wife Olive, played host to members of the British royal family in the 1920s through to the 1940s. Her mother's family are descended from coal miners, and have been described as working-class. She has a younger sister, Philippa, and a younger brother, James.

The family moved from Bradfield Southend, Berkshire, to Amman, Jordan, in May 1984, where her father worked for British Airways. Middleton attended an English-language nursery school. When her family returned to Berkshire in September 1986, she was enrolled aged four at St Andrew's School, a private school near Pangbourne in Berkshire. She boarded part-weekly at St Andrew's in her later years. In 1995, the Middletons moved to the village of Bucklebury. She studied at Downe House School. She was a boarder at Marlborough College, a co-educational independent boarding school in Wiltshire; Middleton showed talent in sports and was captain of the women's field hockey team. While at Marlborough, she underwent an operation on the left side of her head, reportedly to remove a lump. She obtained three A-Levels in 2000, with an 'A' in mathematics, an 'A' in art, and a 'B' in English. Despite being offered a seat at the University of Edinburgh, she took a gap year, studying at the British Institute of Florence in Italy and travelling to Chile to participate in a Raleigh International programme. She worked as a deckhand at the Port of Southampton in the summer preceding university. Middleton subsequently enrolled at University of St Andrews in Fife, Scotland, studying history of art. She briefly studied psychology before focusing solely on art history. She worked part-time as a waitress during her studies. While attending university, she achieved a gold Duke of Edinburgh Award. Middleton was an active member of The Lumsden Club, which held fundraisers and community projects each year. In 2005, Middleton graduated from the University of St Andrews with an undergraduate MA (2:1 Hons) in the history of art.

In November 2006, Middleton commenced part-time work for twelve months as an accessory buyer with the clothing chain Jigsaw. In 2007, she curated a photography exhibition to mark the book launch of "Time to Reflect", by Alistair Morrison, to raise funds for UNICEF. In 2008, Middleton made several trips to Naomi's House Hospice, where she brought gifts and read to children. Later that year, she organised an '80s-themed roller disco fundraiser which raised £100,000, split between Oxford Children's Hospital, for the construction Tom's Ward to treat pediatric cancer, and Place2Be, an organisation which provides mental health counselling to school children. Middleton also worked until January 2011 at the family business in catalogue design and production, marketing, and photography. While working for the company, she launched the firm's junior brand for toddlers, and began working with the Starlight Children's Foundation, which helps terminally ill youth, providing party essentials for sick children. Middleton also helped coordinate the Boodles Boxing Ball, which raised money for the charity.

Prior to her marriage, Middleton lived in an apartment owned by her parents in Chelsea, London alongside her sister, which was estimated to be worth £1–1.4 million. In 2018, Catherine's total net worth was estimated at £5–7.3 million, most of which is from her parents' company.

## Personal life

### Early relationship with Prince William

In 2001, Middleton met Prince William while they were students in residence at St Salvator's Hall at the University of St Andrews. She reportedly caught William's eye at a charity fashion show at the university in 2002 when she appeared on the stage wearing a see-through lace dress. The couple reportedly began dating in 2003. During their second year, Middleton shared a flat with William and two other friends. From 2003 to 2005, they both resided at Balgove House on the Strathtyrum estate with two roommates. In 2004, the couple briefly split but continued their relationship soon afterwards.

After her graduation, Middleton and her family were faced with intensive tabloid press scrutiny. She was often photographed daily by the paparazzi outside her flat and work over the course of their relationship. This prompted multiple warnings from the Palace and Middleton's lawyers. She attended William's Passing Out Parade at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst on 15 December 2006. In April 2007, they ended their relationship. She and her family attended the Concert for Diana in July 2007, where she and William sat two rows apart. It was subsequently reported that the couple had reconciled. On 17 May 2008, Middleton attended the wedding of William's cousin Peter Phillips to Autumn Kelly in William's stead, and met Queen Elizabeth II for the first time.

Middleton attended the Order of the Garter procession at Windsor Castle in June 2008, where Prince William was made a Royal Knight of the Garter. On 19 July 2008, she was a guest at the wedding of Lady Rose Windsor and George Gilman. Prince William was away on military operations in the Caribbean, serving aboard HMS *Iron Duke*. In June 2010, the couple moved into a cottage on the Bodorgan Estate in Anglesey, Wales, where Prince William resided during his RAF search-and-rescue training and subsequent career.

### Marriage and children

*Further information: Wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton, Wedding dress of Catherine Middleton, and Engagement dress of Catherine Middleton*

Middleton and Prince William became engaged in October 2010, in Kenya, during a 10-day trip to the Lewa Wildlife Conservancy to celebrate William passing the RAF helicopter search and rescue course. Clarence House announced the engagement on 16 November 2010. Prince William gave Middleton the engagement ring that had belonged to his mother, Diana, Princess of Wales. Middleton, who was christened as a child, decided to be confirmed into the Church of England preceding her wedding. The confirmation service was conducted on 10 March at St James's Palace by the Bishop of London with her family and William in attendance.

The couple married in Westminster Abbey on 29 April 2011 (St. Catherine's Day), with the day declared a bank holiday in the United Kingdom. Estimates of the global audience for the wedding ranged around 300 million or more, whilst 26 million watched the event live in Britain alone. Her wedding dress was designed by Sarah Burton at Alexander McQueen. Upon her marriage, Catherine assumed the style "Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Cambridge". The couple were given the country home, Anmer Hall, on the Sandringham Estate, as a wedding gift from the Queen. Catherine keeps bees on the grounds of Anmer Hall. Following their marriage in 2011, the couple used Nottingham Cottage as their London residence. They moved into the four-storey, 20-room Apartment 1A at Kensington Palace in 2013. Renovations took 18 months at a cost of £4.5 million. Kensington Palace became William and Catherine's main residence in 2017, moving from their country home, Anmer Hall. In 2022, it was announced that the couple, along with their children, would move to Adelaide Cottage in Windsor.

On 3 December 2012, St James's Palace announced that Catherine was pregnant with her first child. The announcement was made earlier in the pregnancy than is usual as she had been admitted to King Edward VII's Hospital suffering from hyperemesis gravidarum, a severe form of morning sickness. She remained in hospital for three days. Prince George was born at St Mary's Hospital in London on 22 July 2013. The severe morning sickness returned with the subsequent pregnancies, forcing Catherine to cancel her official engagements. She gave birth to Princess Charlotte on 2 May 2015 and to Prince Louis on 23 April 2018. Prince George was third in the line of succession to the British throne, while Princess Charlotte and Prince Louis were fourth and fifth, respectively, at the times of their births. William and Catherine have owned two English Cocker Spaniels, named Lupo and Orla.

## Public life

*See also: List of official overseas trips made by William, Prince of Wales, and Catherine, Princess of Wales*
Middleton's first public appearance with Prince William following their engagement was at a fundraising event organised by the Teenage Cancer Trust in December 2010. She was formally introduced to public life on 24 February 2011, when the couple attended a lifeboat-naming ceremony in Trearddur, near their home at the time in Anglesey, North Wales. A day later they appeared in St Andrews to launch the university's 600th anniversary celebrations. In March 2011, the couple toured Belfast. Catherine's first official engagement after the wedding came in May, when she and William met U.S President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama at Buckingham Palace. William and Catherine's first royal tour of Canada took place in July 2011. The couple's activities included attending celebrations for Canada Day. The tour included a two-day trip to California. This was Catherine's first visit to the United States. On 26 October 2011, she undertook her first solo engagement at a reception for In Kind Direct, hosted at Clarence House, stepping in for the then Prince of Wales.

On 2 November, Catherine and William visited the UNICEF Supply Division for malnourished children in Copenhagen, Denmark. On St. Patrick's Day in 2012, Catherine carried out the traditional awarding of shamrocks to the Irish Guards at their Aldershot base; this was her first solo military engagement. On 19 March, she gave her first public speech for the opening of a children's hospice opened by her patronage, East Anglia's Children's Hospices. William and Catherine were announced as ambassadors for the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. As part of her role, Catherine attended numerous sporting events throughout the games. In September 2012, the couple embarked on a tour of Singapore, Malaysia, Tuvalu, and the Solomon Islands to commemorate the Queen's Diamond Jubilee across the Commonwealth. During this overseas visit, she made her first official speech abroad, while visiting a hospice in Malaysia, drawing on her experience as patron of East Anglia's Children's Hospices. The couple attended further celebrations of the Jubilee throughout the year, including the Thames Diamond Jubilee Pageant in July.

The first engagement that Catherine carried out after the birth of Prince George was in late August 2013, when she accompanied her husband to meet runners preparing for an ultra-marathon in Anglesey. At the beginning of March 2014, it was announced that the couple would be accompanied by their son on an upcoming tour of New Zealand and Australia from 16 to 25 April. The tour was Catherine's first visit to the area and Prince George's first major public appearance since his christening in October 2013. The tour itinerary included visiting the Plunket Society for children and visiting fire-damaged areas in New South Wales. In June 2014, the couple visited France to attend the commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the Normandy landings at Gold Beach. On 21 July 2014, it was announced that Catherine would be making her first solo trip, visiting the island of Malta on 20–21 September 2014, when the island was celebrating its 50th independence anniversary. Her trip was cancelled, with her husband taking her place, after the announcement of her second pregnancy in early September. In December 2014, the couple visited the United States and attended a charity dinner at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

In October 2015, she attended her first state banquet at Buckingham Palace, held to host Chinese President Xi Jinping. In April 2016, Catherine and William undertook a tour to India and Bhutan. Activities included visiting children's charities such as Childline India, as well as a visit to Lingkana Palace. Later that month, the couple met again with the Obamas at Kensington Palace. The couple toured Canada again in September 2016. On 11 October 2016, Catherine made her first solo foreign trip to The Netherlands. Countries visited by the couple in 2017 include France, Poland, Germany, and Belgium. Catherine takes official portraits of her children and joined the Royal Photographic Society in 2017. She visited Luxembourg City in May 2017 for the Treaty of London commemorations. In January 2018, the couple visited Sweden and Norway. In February 2019, William and Catherine carried out a two-day visit of Northern Ireland, visiting Belfast, Fermanagh, and Ballymena.

In June 2019, Catherine took the royal first salute, typically received by the Queen, at the Beating Retreat military pageant. Catherine accompanied her husband on a tour of Pakistan in October 2019, the royal family's first visit to the country in 13 years. The couple conducted an interview for CNN in Lahore while visiting the SoS Children's Village, where Catherine gave a speech relating to her work on the early years. In March 2020, the couple carried out a three-day tour of Ireland, visiting County Meath, Kildare, and Galway. In October 2020, William and Catherine met Volodymyr Zelensky, the President of Ukraine, and First Lady Olena Zelenska, at Buckingham Palace, the first royal engagement held at the residence since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. In December, the couple embarked on a three-day tour of England, Scotland, and Wales via the British Royal Train "to pay tribute to the inspiring work of individuals, organisations and initiatives across the country " in 2020. Prime Minister Boris Johnson expressed his support for the initiative, while First Minister of Scotland Nicola Sturgeon criticised the tour, citing travel restrictions; UK, Scottish and Welsh governments were consulted before planning the tour. In May 2021, the couple returned to Scotland for an extensive tour of Edinburgh, Fife and Orkney. In Cornwall on 11 June 2021, William and Catherine attended the G7 summit for the first time. Catherine visited primary students alongside US First Lady Jill Biden and participated in a roundtable discussion focusing on early childhood education. In February 2022, she visited Denmark to celebrate historic ties between the UK and Denmark and also to celebrate milestones of both countries' monarchs. In March 2022, William and Catherine embarked on a tour of Belize, The Bahamas and Jamaica to commemorate the Queen's Platinum Jubilee.

### Patronages and interests

Following her marriage, Catherine assumed royal duties and commitments in support of the Queen. In March 2011, William and Catherine set up a gift fund held by The Foundation of Prince William and Prince Harry to allow well-wishers who wanted to give them a wedding gift to donate money to charities they care about instead. The gift fund supported 26 charities of the couple's choice, incorporating the armed forces, children, the elderly, art, sport and conservation. In June 2012, The Foundation of Prince William and Prince Harry was renamed The Royal Foundation of The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and Prince Harry, to reflect Catherine's contribution to the charity. The charity is now listed as The Royal Foundation of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge.

Catherine's charity work focuses mainly on issues surrounding young children, mental health, sport, addiction, and art. Her impact on charitable donations and project visibility has been called the "Kate effect". She has a number of charitable patronages: Action for Children, the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club, the Anna Freud Centre, East Anglia's Children's Hospices (EACH), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Family Action, the Maternal Mental Health Alliance, the National Portrait Gallery, the Natural History Museum, NHS Charities Together, Place2Be, the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, SportsAid, the 1851 Trust, the Foundling Museum, the Lawn Tennis Association, the Royal Photographic Society, and the Victoria and Albert Museum. Catherine, as a history of art graduate, takes an interest in art and handpicked the Art Room, which helped disadvantaged children access art therapy before their closure, as well as the National Portrait Gallery. She acquired patronage of the Lawn Tennis Association, the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club, Action for Children, and the Royal Photographic Society after they were passed down by the Queen. In December 2015, she assumed the patronage of the Royal Air Force Air Cadets for youths 12–19 years of age. The Duke of Edinburgh, who had been patron of the RAF Cadets for 63 years, formally handed over during an audience at Buckingham Palace. She became a patron of the Foundling Museum, a museum to commemorate Foundling Hospital, in 2019. Catherine was also a local volunteer leader with The Scout Association in north Wales, of which the Queen is patron, before being made co-president in September 2020, alongside the Duke of Kent.

In her capacity as patron of Action on Addiction, she has occasionally made visits to its centres, spending time with recovering addicts. In October 2012, she, alongside Action on Addiction, launched the M-PACT programme (Moving Parents and Children Together), one of the only UK programmes to focus specifically on the impact of drug addiction on families. 283 Place2Be volunteers were trained through the programme to reach over 26,000 children. On 24 June 2021, Catherine was announced as the patron of The Forward Trust after Action on Addiction was merged with it. As a patron of The Forward Trust, she launched a campaign titled "Taking Action on Addiction". She gave a speech at the BAFTA headquarters in London and highlighted that addiction is a "serious mental health condition" and it can "happen to any of us". She also spoke in detail about how COVID-19 pandemic had affected addiction rates. Catherine has worked extensively in children's palliative care alongside East Anglia's Children's Hospices and undertakes private visits to children's hospices and their families. She made her first public address at the opening of their Ipswich facility in 2012, which EACH deputy director Tracy Rennie cites as creating a "global interest" in children's hospices. Catherine officially opened their Norfolk hospice in 2019, after previously launching their financial appeal in 2014, which raised £10m. She has carried out engagements to raise awareness of Children's Hospice Week since 2013.

Catherine is a keen sportswoman and attends Wimbledon annually, as patron of the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club. Catherine, who enjoys sailing, has occasionally taken part in the sport to raise money for charity. In 2012, together with her husband and Prince Harry, Catherine launched Coach Core. The programme was set up following the 2012 Olympics and provides apprenticeship opportunities for people who desire to pursue a career as a professional coach. As of 2018, Coach Core has had over 400 apprentices and graduates across 10 locations. In 2014 she and William were awarded Honorary Life Membership of the Marylebone Cricket Club. In July 2019, she lent her support to Backyard Nature, a campaign created to inspire "children, families and communities to get outside and engage with nature". In August 2019, the couple competed in the King's Cup yachting regatta to raise money for eight different charities. In February 2022, she became the patron of both the Rugby Football Union and the Rugby Football League, both governing bodies that were previously supported by her brother-in-law the Duke of Sussex. In August 2022, it was announced that Catherine and Roger Federer would attend the Laver Cup Open Practice Day on 22 September, proceeds from which would be donated to Catherine's patronages Action for Children and the Lawn Tennis Association.

In 2014, Catherine wrote the foreword for *Living in the Slipstream: Life as an RAF Wife*, whose proceeds raised money for charity. Since acquiring patronage of the RAF Cadets, she has made visits to their base in Cambridgeshire and celebrated their 75th anniversary in 2016. In January 2018, locks of her hair were reportedly donated to the Little Princess Trust, a charity which makes wigs for children diagnosed with cancer. In February 2018, she became the patron of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. She also launched Nursing Now, a three-year worldwide campaign to raise awareness about the profile of nurses. She has written of her family ties with nursing and that both her grandmother Valerie Middleton and her great-grandmother Olive Middleton were VAD nurses for the British Red Cross. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Catherine undertook many in-person and virtual engagements supporting National Health Service workers. In May and June 2020, William and Catherine, alongside their children, delivered food parcels made on the Sandringham Estate to local isolated pensioners during lockdown. She discreetly volunteered with the Royal Voluntary Service during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Catherine has called herself an "enthusiastic amateur photographer" and has taken official portraits of her children, as well as other members of the royal family. In 2019, she supported workshops run by the Royal Photographic Society in partnership with Action for Children to highlight the effect of photography in expressing thoughts in young people. As patron of the Royal Photographic Society she and other photographers took part in an exhibition to mark the 75th anniversary of the end of the Holocaust. Photos taken by Catherine of the Holocaust survivors were later included in an exhibition at the Imperial War Museum. With the National Portrait Gallery, Catherine curated an exhibition of Victorian photography, with a thematic focus on childhood. In May 2020, she launched "Hold Still", a project to capture people's life during lockdown, which garnered 31,000 submissions. In July 2020, the exhibition was released, with the final 100 photographs being displayed online. In October 2020, the portraits were displayed on 112 public sites, including billboards, murals, and posters, across 80 towns and cities. The online exhibition collected over 5.2 million page views. The photographs were published in a book on 7 May 2021, titled *Hold Still: A Portrait of Our Nation in 2020*, with a foreword written by Catherine.

In May 2021, Catherine received her first dose of COVID-19 vaccine by NHS staff at the Science Museum in London, encouraging use of the vaccine and thanking the staff for "playing a part in the rollout". On 15 September 2021, Catherine visited RAF Brize Norton in Oxfordshire and met the military members and civilians who were involved in the evacuation of Afghan refugees during the 2021 Taliban offensive. In October 2021, William and Catherine visited the Royal Botanical Gardens in Kew, London to take part in Generation Earthshot, an educational initiative inspired by the Earthshot Prize. Catherine hosted a Christmas carol concert called "Together At Christmas" at Westminster Abbey in December 2021, honouring charities and individuals that served the communities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The concert was produced by Westminster Abbey and BBC Studios Events Productions and broadcast by ITV. She played the piano during a performance of "For Those Who Can't Be Here" by Tom Walker.

### Mental health advocacy

Catherine has tackled issues surrounding mental health and disabilities; she has previously made visits to charities and hospitals such as St Thomas' Hospital and Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute to spend time with mothers and children who deal with these issues. Catherine has been credited with raising national awareness of children's mental health; Benita Refson, president of Place2Be, has praised her work, saying she would "shine the spotlight on child mental health", while Peter Fonagy, CEO of the Anna Freud Centre has called her one of the most important figures in the field, and stated that "to the millions of children who have been suffering in silence, she is their voice". In recognition of their work with charities concerned with children's mental health, Catherine and her husband were awarded the Gold *Blue Peter* badge, an award previously granted to the Queen. To encourage people to open up about their mental health issues, Catherine, William and Prince Harry initiated the mental health awareness campaign "Heads Together" in April 2016. The campaign was first envisioned by Catherine earlier that year. "Heads Together" reportedly resulted in over one million people speaking out about their mental health, and an investment of £3m in mental health innovations. She later voluntarily talked about her struggles as a mother, and admitted that she suffered a "lack of confidence" and "feelings of ignorance" during certain periods of time.

Catherine has discussed her experiences with "mum guilt" in balancing work/life commitments, and described bringing her newborn home from the hospital for the first time as "terrifying". She has also highlighted the importance of "a happy home" and "a safe environment" for children, and described her "passion" for the outdoors, referencing it as an asset to building childhood wellbeing and developmental foundations. She launched the Mentally Healthy Schools, which helps the students and staff with access "to reliable and practical resources to improve awareness, knowledge and confidence in supporting pupils' mental health". Catherine held sessions for the programme at the Mental Health in Education Conference in 2019. After two years of development, the website had over 250,000 visitors to the site accessing resources. In February 2016, she travelled to Edinburgh to promote the work of Place2Be, and launched Children's Mental Health Week, which she commemorates annually. Catherine guest-edited *HuffPost* UK as a part of the Young Minds Matter movement, an effort "to raise awareness for children's mental health issues". William and Catherine later met with members and representatives of Young Minds and Youthscape to promote their mental health campaign.

In 2019, Catherine worked with the Royal Horticultural Society as one of the co-designers for a garden display at the 2019 Chelsea Flower Show. She designed the "Back to Nature Garden" together with Andree Davies and Adam White. The garden, which featured "a tree house, waterfall, rustic den and a campfire" among other parts, was unveiled at the Chelsea Flower Show in May 2019 to emphasise "the benefits the natural world brings to mental and physical well-being". The garden was later expanded and moved to Hampton Court Palace as a part of the Hampton Court Palace Flower Show, before being shown at the Back to Nature Festival at RHS Garden Wisley. A playground, inspired by the "Back to Nature" garden, was built on the Sandringham Estate in 2021. In May 2019, as a part of their "Heads Together" initiative, Catherine together with her husband and in-laws, launched Shout, a text messaging service for those who have mental issues. As of November 2020, the programme has facilitated over half a million conversations. In October 2019, Catherine, together with other members of the royal family, voiced a PSA video for Public Health England "as part of its Every Mind Matters program". In late March 2020, Catherine and her husband started supporting a new mental health initiative by the Public Health England amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom. In April 2020, Catherine and her husband announced Our Frontline, an initiative providing mental health support to emergency medical workers. In May 2020, the couple's recorded radio message for Mental Health Awareness Week was broadcast across all the stations in the UK. In June 2020, Catherine hosted an assembly to 80 elementary school students across the UK where she discussed the importance of self-care and "opening up about your feelings". She led the assembly over a Zoom call and the assembly will be broadcast to more students who use Oak National Academy, an online education resource hub. In October 2020, she visited the University of Derby to learn about its support for students' mental health during the pandemic.

In February 2021, Catherine recorded a video message about the importance of positive mental health during the pandemic. She encouraged children and parents to share their thoughts and feelings. She also highlighted the need for parents and carers to look after their own mental wellbeing. The video has been watched by over 3.5 million people. In May 2021, William and Catherine, with other prominent personalities, voiced 2021 Mental Health Minute, a one-minute record delivered by Radiocentre and Somethin' Else to mark 2021 Mental Health Awareness Week. The record was broadcast across all radio stations in the UK and reached over 20 million listeners. In the same week, Catherine posted a video on her YouTube channel with a message that there was "no shame" in talking about mental health as she chatted to a student about how the pandemic affecting young people. To commemorate World Mental Health Day on 11 October, William and Catherine posted a message on Instagram, sharing several organisations that support those who are struggling with mental health.

In February 2022, she made a surprise appearance in *CBeebies Bedtime Stories* where she read *The Owl Who Was Afraid of the Dark* by Jill Tomlinson as the conclusion of Children's Mental Health Week. In May 2022, Catherine and her husband voiced the Mental Health Minute message, which was broadcast on every radio station in the UK on 13 May and asked people to help individuals around them that suffer from loneliness.

### Early years and childhood development

Catherine initially became interested in how childhood affected conditions such as homelessness, mental health, and addiction during her early years of charity work. In March 2018, she hosted a symposium with the Royal Society of Medicine, focusing on children's health, and launched the Early Years Intervention Support initiative. In May 2018, she established the Early Years Steering Group. In January 2020, Catherine launched "5 Big Questions on the Under 5's", a nationwide survey on development in early years. The survey was conducted by Ipsos MORI and contains "further qualitative and ethnographic research" on the early years. It received over 500,000 responses. The results of the survey were released in November 2020. The findings outlined five key topics surrounding early childhood, including parental mental health and wider community health and support. In July 2020, she supported and assisted in the development of BBC's "Tiny Happy People" initiative, providing free digital resources to parents with young children. In August 2020, she headed a donation drive to benefit baby banks nationwide, including Little Village, which spurred over 10,000 donations from Marks & Spencer, Tesco, John Lewis & Partners, and Sainsbury's. In June 2021, Catherine launched the Royal Foundation Centre for Early Childhood, which will conduct work, research, and campaigns with other organisations on issues surrounding the early years. In October 2021, she visited University College London's Centre for Longitudinal Studies. She met the group which launched The Children of the 2020s, a programme which will track the development of children from the age of nine months to five years across England. In November 2021, Catherine visited Nower Hill High School in Harrow where she joined Year 8 students in science lesson, studying neuroscience and the importance of early childhood development. The visit is a part of a research project run by the University of Oxford.

In February 2022, Catherine visited Denmark on behalf of the Royal Foundation Centre for Early Childhood. She visited University of Copenhagen and met officials from the Center for Early Intervention and Family Studies. She visited Stenurten Forest School, to learn about its approach to learning, which focuses on the students' social and emotional development rather than academic skills. She also visited Lego Foundation PlayLab at University College Copenhagen. In March 2022, she and Prince William visited Shortwood Teacher's College in Jamaica. There, the couple met students who are trained to be early childhood education practitioners. In June 2022, Catherine hosted her first roundtable discussion with politicians on early childhood development.

## Public image and style

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The Princess, prominent for her fashion style, has been placed on numerous "best dressed" lists. *The Daily Telegraph* selected her as the "Most Promising Newcomer" on its 2006 list of style winners and losers. *Tatler* placed her at number eight on its yearly list of the top ten style icons in 2007. *People* featured Middleton on its 2007 and 2010 best-dressed lists. She was named one of Richard Blackwell's ten Fabulous Fashion Independents of 2007. In June 2008, Style.com selected her as its monthly beauty icon. In July 2008, *Vanity Fair* included her on its international best-dressed list. In February 2011 the Global Language Monitor named her the Top Fashion buzzword of the 2011 season. In May 2011, she was ranked ninth in *FHM*'s top 10 list of the "World's Most Beautiful Women". In 2011, the British publication *The Beauty Magazine* named her "England's Best-dressed Personality" and the "Most Elegant Woman in the World". She was named the "Most Beautiful Woman of the Year" by *The Beauty Magazine* in 2011 and 2012. In January 2012, the Headwear Association voted her "Headwear Person of the Year". She was number one on *Vanity Fair*'s annual best dressed lists in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013; she also appeared as the cover star in 2012. In 2011, 2012 and 2013, she was listed as one of *Time* magazine's 100 Most Influential People in the World. In 2014, she was lauded as a British cultural icon, with young adults from abroad naming her among a group of people who they most associated with UK culture. The then Duchess was named in the International Best Dressed Hall of Fame List in the same year.

In June 2016, she took part in her first magazine shoot for British *Vogue*'s centenary issue, appearing on the cover. The shoot took place on the Sandringham Estate; Catherine was involved in selecting her wardrobe of "off-duty jeans and shirts" reflecting her love of the countryside. The spread was dubbed as the "most personal and natural royal portraits ever undertaken by *Vogue*". The photoshoot was done in collaboration with her patronage, the National Portrait Gallery, where two pictures from the shoot were displayed. In 2018, *Tatler* named her on its list of Britain's best dressed people, praising her for "recycling her looks, rather than wearing them as one-offs", as well as her use of "both high street and high-end brands". She topped *Tatler*'s Best Dressed List in 2022.

The "Kate Middleton effect" is the trend that the Princess is reported to have had in sales of particular products and brands. In 2018, Brand Finance's research cited Catherine as the "Most Powerful Royal Fashion Influencer", retaining that pieces in her wardrobe increase desirability among 38 percent of American shoppers. The Princess has been credited for popularizing nude pumps and hosiery in the early years of her marriage. During daytime engagements, she has been noted to favor coatdresses, tea dresses, waxed jackets, lavallière blouses, blazers, and skinny jeans. While Catherine wears items from many new designers, she has also worn dresses by Catherine Walker, who designed many of Diana's favourite evening gowns and day suits. She has worn outfits, hats and ensembles by many other fashion designers. The brands she favours are noted in the media. Catherine has worn Jenny Packham numerous times, most notably outside the Lindo Wing after giving birth to each of her children in 2013, 2015, and 2018 respectively. Alexander McQueen has been referred to as Catherine's "go-to" brand since her wedding in 2011, and she has worn designs to several annual events including Trooping the Colour, Royal Ascot and the British Academy Film Awards, as well as state banquets and receptions. She has worn several high-street brands during official engagements and projects, most frequently Topshop and Zara. Believed to be influenced by the style and fashion choices of Diana, Princess of Wales, Catherine has developed a "caring wardrobe" similar to that of her mother-in-law, with colourful fabrics, skirt suits, and bright hues suitable for visiting hospitals and schools.

Catherine, who attended the 71st British Academy Film Awards, did not participate in Time's Up movement calling for women to wear black on the red carpet. Royal protocol forbids members of the royal family from taking part in political movements but she wore a black sash and carried a black handbag as a variation to the informal black dress code. In March 2018, together with the Countess of Wessex, she hosted the Commonwealth Fashion Exchange reception at Buckingham Palace during 2018 London Fashion Week. In 2021, it was reported that Catherine boosted the British fashion industry up to £1 billion within a year. She was also chosen as one of the 25 most influential women in the United Kingdom by British *Vogue* in August 2021.

## Privacy and the media

The death of Diana, Princess of Wales, in Paris while being chased by paparazzi in 1997, influenced her son's attitude towards the media. The Prince and Princess have asked that, when off-duty, their privacy should be respected.

After her graduation from university, Middleton was faced with widespread press attention and was often photographed by the paparazzi. On 17 October 2005, she complained through her lawyer about harassment from the media, stating she had done nothing significant to warrant publicity and complained that photographers were permanently stationed outside her flat. Former royal press secretary Dickie Arbiter stated that her treatment by the press drew parallels to the tumultuous experience of William's mother in the early years of her marriage. From 2005 to 2006, Middleton's phone was hacked 155 times according to former *News of the World* royal editor Clive Goodman, who was involved in a phone hacking scandal by the newspaper that targeted the royal family.

Media attention increased around the time of her 25th birthday in January 2007, where twenty photographers and five television crews photographed her leaving for work. Warnings were issued by the then Prince of Wales, Prince William, and Middleton's lawyers, who threatened legal action. Two newspaper groups, News International, which publishes *The Times* and *The Sun*; and the Guardian Media Group, publishers of *The Guardian*, decided to refrain from publishing paparazzi pictures of her "leaving nightclubs and going about her daily business", but continued to use photographs of Middleton at public events. In April 2007, Middleton reached a settlement with *Daily Mirror* regarding a harassment complaint over a close-up photograph, which was followed by a warning by the Press Complaints Commission (PCC) over press treatment of Middleton. In July 2007, MPs on the Culture, Media and Sport Select Committee stated in a report on press regulation that Middleton was the victim of "clear and persistent harassment" by the paparazzi and criticised the lack of intervention by the PCC, who circulated a letter from Middleton's solicitors on the issue of press harassment but said they were not directly asked by her lawyers to act.

In 2009, Middleton was awarded £10,000 damages and an apology from the photographic press agency Rex Features Ltd. after she was photographed playing tennis on Christmas Eve while on holiday in Cornwall. In 2010, she pursued an invasion of privacy claim against two agencies and photographer Niraj Tanna, who took photographs of her over Christmas 2009. Middleton obtained a public apology, £5,000 in damages, and legal costs.

In September 2012, the French edition of *Closer* and the Italian gossip magazine *Chi*, published photographs of Catherine sun-bathing topless while on holiday at the Château d'Autet (a private château on a 260-ha estate 71 km north of Aix-en-Provence). Analysts from *The Times* believed the photographs were taken from the D22 (Vaucluse) road half a kilometre from the pool—a distance that would require an 800-mm or a 1000-mm lens. On 17 September 2012, William and Catherine filed a criminal complaint with the French prosecution department and launched a claim for civil damages at the *Tribunal de Grande Instance de Nanterre*. The following day the courts granted an injunction against *Closer*, prohibiting further publication of the photographs and announced a criminal investigation would be initiated. Under French law, punitive damages cannot be awarded but intrusions of privacy are a criminal offence carrying a maximum jail sentence of one year and a fine of up to €45,000 for individuals and €225,000 for companies. In September 2017, *Closer* was fined €100,000 and its editor Laurence Pieau and owner Ernesto Mauri were each fined €45,000.

In December 2012, two Australian radio hosts, Michael Christian and Mel Greig, called King Edward VII's Hospital where Catherine was an in-patient for hyperemesis gravidarum. Pretending to be the Queen and the Prince of Wales, Greig and Christian spoke to a nurse on Catherine's ward, enquiring about her condition. Following a hospital inquiry and a public backlash against the hoax, Jacintha Saldanha, the nurse who put the call through to the ward, committed suicide. The radio hosts subsequently apologised for their actions.

In February 2013, *Chi* published the first photos of Catherine's exposed baby bump, taken during her vacation on the private island of Mustique. The British press refused to publish the paparazzi shots. While Catherine was visiting the Blue Mountains in Sydney, a picture was taken of her bare bottom as her dress blew up. Many newspapers outside the UK published the picture. In October 2014, Catherine and William sent a legal letter to a freelance photographer who had put their son George and his nanny "under surveillance", asking the individual to stop "harassing and following" them. On 14 August 2015, Kensington Palace published a letter detailing what it stated were the "dangerous" and invasive efforts of the media to get paparazzi pictures of Prince George and Princess Charlotte. Jason Knauf, communications secretary to the Cambridges, wrote the letter to media standards organisations in various countries.

In May 2020, Kensington Palace said that the cover story of *Tatler* magazine titled 'Catherine the Great' contained "a swathe of inaccuracies and false misrepresentations". Despite the palace's statement that most of the material was not given to them before publication, the magazine's editor-in-chief announced that he would stand behind the story as the palace had been aware of it for months. In September 2020, after pressure from the couple's lawyers, the magazine removed remarks on Catherine's family and other similar claims from the online version of the story.

## Styles, titles, honours, and arms

### Styles

* 9 January 1982 – 29 April 2011: Miss Catherine Middleton
* 29 April 2011 – 8 September 2022: Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Cambridge
	+ *in Scotland*: Her Royal Highness The Countess of Strathearn
* 8 September 2022 – present: Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Cornwall and Cambridge
	+ *in Scotland*: 8 September 2022 – present: Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Rothesay
* 9 September 2022 – present: Her Royal Highness The Princess of Wales

### Titles

Catherine does not hold any titles herself, but is entitled to use the feminine versions of her husband's titles. Upon her marriage in 2011, she was therefore known as the Duchess of Cambridge outside Scotland, and the Countess of Strathearn within. Upon her father-in-law's accession to the throne on 8 September 2022, Catherine became Duchess of Cornwall and Duchess of Rothesay. On 9 September 2022, the King announced the appointment of William as Prince of Wales, with Catherine becoming the Princess of Wales.

### Honours

*See also: List of honours of the British royal family by country*

* 1 October 2016: Tuvalu Order of Merit
* 5 December 2017: Royal Family Order of Queen Elizabeth II
* 29 April 2019: Dame Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (GCVO)

#### Honorary military appointments

 Canada
* 5 July 2011 – present: Honorary Canadian Ranger

 United Kingdom
* 16 December 2015 – present: Honorary Air Commandant of the Royal Air Force Air Cadets
* 29 June 2021 – present: Lady Sponsor of HMS *Glasgow*

#### Other appointments

* 9 April 2013 – present: Lady Sponsor of *Royal Princess*

#### Honorific eponym

Awards
* Their Royal Highnesses The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge Award, University of Waterloo in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
* Duke and Duchess of Cambridge's Parks Canada Youth Ambassadors Program

### Arms

Coat of arms of the Princess of Wales
The Princess of Wales bears the arms of her husband impaled with those of her father. The family arms were granted to her father by the College of Arms on 19 April 2011. Thomas Woodcock, Garter King of Arms, the senior officer of the College of Arms, helped the family with the design. Meanwhile, the Princess's entire heraldic achievement was approved by royal warrant by Queen Elizabeth II after her marriage. The newly-approved arms included the addition of a new element specifically for Catherine: a hind (female deer) supporter.
Adopted
19 April 2011 (for the family arms) and after 29 April 2011 (for the Princess's personal royal arms)
Coronet
Coronet of the heir apparent
Escutcheon
Quarterly first and fourth Gules three lions passant guardant in pale Or armed and langed Azure second Or a lion rampant Gules armed and langued Azure within a double tressure flory counterflory of the second third Azure a harp Or stringed Argent (the Royal Arms of the United Kingdom), the whole difference with a label of three points Argent; impaled with a shield per pale Azure and Gules, a chevron Or, cotised Argent, between three acorns slipped and leaved Or.
Supporters
To the dexter the Lion as borne and used as a Supporter by the Prince of Wales and to the sinister a hind Argent unguled and gorged with the coronet of the heir apparent Or.
Orders
The Royal Victorian Order circlet.**VICTORIA**
Other elements
Insignia of GCVO appended
Symbolism
The dividing line (between two colours) down the centre is a canting of the name 'Middle-ton'. The acorns (from the oak tree) are a traditional symbol of England and a feature of west Berkshire, where the family lived. The three acorns also denote the family's three children. The gold chevron in the centre of the arms is an allusion to Carole Middleton's maiden name of Goldsmith. The two white chevronels (narrow chevrons above and below the gold chevron) symbolise peaks and mountains, and the family's love of the Lake District and skiing. The white hind supporter echoes earlier royal heraldry, such as the white hind heraldic badge of Joan of Kent, Princess of Wales.
Previous versions
  Catherine's coat of arms prior to her marriage depicted the shield from her father Michael Middleton's coat of arms shaped into a lozenge symbolising her unmarried state. Her sister, Philippa, also used the same lozenge-shaped coat of arms prior to her 2017 marriage. Her brother, James, will in due course inherit his father's coat of arms. The arms granted to her following her marriage were depicted without the Royal Victorian Order circlet, to which she was appointed in 2019.
Other versions

## Ancestry

*See also: Family of Catherine, Princess of Wales*

The Princess of Wales's father is Michael Middleton, son of Captain Peter Middleton, who, along with their forebears, were from Leeds, Yorkshire. Robert Lacey describes Michael Middleton's family as having aristocratic ancestry with Baroness Airedale (1868–1942) being his distant ancestor. Catherine's paternal great-grandmother Olive Middleton (née Lupton) and her cousin Baroness von Schunck (née Kate Lupton) were members of the Lupton family who are described as landed gentry and as such, were invited to the coronation of King George V and Queen Mary in 1911. Four successive generations of Catherine's ancestors had lived at Potternewton Hall Estate, the family seat, including Catherine's great-grandmother Olive Middleton, her father, politician Francis Martineau Lupton, his mother, educator Frances Lupton and her father, epidemiologist and surgeon Thomas Michael Greenhow.

Catherine's maternal ancestors, the Harrisons, were working-class labourers and miners from Sunderland and County Durham. Ancestors through her maternal line include Sir Thomas Conyers, 9th Baronet (1731–1810), who was a descendant of King Edward IV through his illegitimate daughter Elizabeth Plantagenet. Other paternal ancestors are Sir Thomas Fairfax (1475–1520) and his wife Anne Gascoigne, who was a descendant of King Edward III.

## Bibliography

### Books

* HRH The Duchess of Cambridge, "Foreword", in: Living in the Slipstream: Life as an RAF Wife (2014).
* HRH The Duchess of Cambridge, "Foreword", in: National Portrait Gallery (2021). .
* HRH The Duchess of Cambridge, "Foreword", in: GCHQ (2022). .

### Authored articles and letters

* HRH The Duchess of Cambridge (17 February 2016). Let's Make a Real Difference for an Entire Generation of Young Children.
* HRH The Duchess of Cambridge (27 December 2019). An Open Letter from The Duchess of Cambridge to Midwives.
* First Lady Jill Biden and HRH The Duchess of Cambridge (12 June 2021). This is what our kids deserve.

## Notes

1. ↑ Author Katie Nicholl suggests that the two met before going to St Andrews through mutual friends while Middleton was a student at Marlborough College.
2. ↑ As the eldest son of the new monarch, Prince William automatically inherited the title 'Duke of Cornwall' upon the death of Queen Elizabeth II, on 8 September 2022, making Catherine 'Duchess of Cornwall'.
3. ↑ As the eldest son of the new monarch, Prince William automatically inherited the title 'Duke of Rothesay' upon the death of Queen Elizabeth II, on 8 September 2022, making Catherine 'Duchess of Rothesay'.

## References

1. ↑  pp. 116–118. H. W. Wilson (2011).
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 The Duchess of Cambridge. Royal Household (18 February 2016).
"William and Kate named Prince and Princess of Wales by the King", *BBC News*, 9 September 2022.
4. ↑ Cultural Consumption, Classification and Power. Routledge (2013). “...Kate Middleton is privately educated (courtesy of paternal family trust funds established decades ago)...and ...is from a wealthy upper-middle-class family...”
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Kate – A Biography of Kate Middleton. Simon and Schuster (2011). “...family trusts were set up over 100 years ago..."(Middleton's ) family were upper-middle-class observed a family friend"...”
6. ↑ Prince William: A Biography. ABC-CLIO (2011). “.... She (Kate Middleton) is a woman from an upper-middle-class family...”
"'Middle-class' Duchess of Cambridge's relative wore crown and attended George V's coronation", The Telegraph, 13 September 2013. “"To my mind it's just silly to describe Kate as middle-class", (says Reed)”
Spencer, Julie. "Church where Kate Middleton was baptised could become houses", *Reading Post*, 10 June 2017.
9. ↑ Jobson 2010, p. 32.
"Kate Middleton's Secret Confirmation: How Religious Is the Future Princess?", 14 April 2011.
11. ↑ A Day in a Working Life: 300 Trades and Professions through History. ABC-CLIO (2015). “...Michael Middleton (1949 – ), a flight dispatcher with connections to a distinguished family...”
12. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Bradbury, Poppy (3 May 2011), "Kate Middleton's mum's old school hosts Royal Wedding party", *Ealing Gazette*, archived from the original on 21 March 2012
13. ↑ Money and the Middletons. *The Daily Telegraph* (21 April 2011).
Roberts, Kayleigh. "Kate Middleton's Net Worth Before She Married Prince William Will Make Your Jaw Drop", *Marie Claire*, 22 September 2018.
15. ↑ About us. PartyPieces.co.uk.
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17. ↑ Sir Thomas Reedham Berney, 10th Bt.. London's National Portrait Gallery. “Sir Henry and Lady Berney's daughter was Mrs Jane Middleton (née Berney, died 1964). The first cousins of her husband, Henry Dubs Middleton (died 1932), were also from Leeds and, like her, were connected to the British aristocracy: Captain William Middleton (died 1940) married Agnes Clara Talbot, niece of James Kitson, 1st Baron Airedale in Leeds in 1900 and his brother Richard Noel Middleton (died 1951) married Olive Christiana Lupton, second cousin of Baroness Airedale [died 1942] in Leeds in 1914.”
"'Middle-class' Duchess of Cambridge's relative wore crown and attended George V's coronation", The Telegraph, 13 September 2013. “Lady Airedale was a [second] cousin of Michael Middleton's grandmother, Olive [Middleton]. She lived in a grand...Two of her father Michael's relations were baronesses who were invited to successive coronations, and one of them, Baroness Airedale, was photographed wearing a coronet and ceremonial robes on the day of George V's coronation in 1911.....some of the family wealth trickled down to the Duchess and her siblings through trust funds set up decades ago to pay for the education of members of the family”
19. ↑ Kate Middleton Biography Duchess (1982–). A&E Television Networks. “It was on this job at British Airways that Carole met Michael Middleton, a dispatcher, whose wealthy family hails from Leeds and which has ties to British aristocracy.”
20. ↑ Gledhow Hall. House and Heritage – David Poole (2016).
21. ↑ Headingley Garden Party. ©Leeds City Council 2021. “27th July 1927. Yorkshire news-reports and the Lupton Mayorality Album reveal the following information which pertains to the above photo in which Her Royal Highness, Princess Mary attends a garden party held at Headingley Cricket Ground on 27th July 1927...The Princess carries an impressive bouquet of carnations and trailing fern and is escorted by former Leeds Lord Mayor Sir Edwin Airey, of the building company, William Airey and Son Leeds Ltd. The Lady Mayoress, Isabella Lupton escorts the Princess's husband, Viscount Lascelles, who is behind his wife. The Lord Mayor, Alderman Hugh Lupton, Lady Clarke and Mrs R.N. Middleton bring up the rear of the procession.”
"Duchess of Cambridge's great-great aunt was a mental asylum patient - just like Prince William's great-grandmother", UK Daily Telegraph, 19 August 2022. “...Gertrude was the wealthy sister of the Duchess of Cambridge's great-grandfather [Richard] Noël Middleton, a solicitor, director of the family's textile firm and - through his founding of the Yorkshire Symphony Orchestra and his directorship of the Leeds Music Festival - on friendly terms with the Queen's aunt, Princess Mary”
Wilson, Christopher. "The Middletons deserve a title, step forward the Earl and Countess of Fairfax", *UK Daily Telegraph*, 26 July 2013. “As long ago as 1926, the Middleton family played host to the Queen's aunt, Princess Mary and another relative ... was a friend of George V”
24. ↑ Headrow, Permanent House. *Leodis – a Photographic Archive of Leeds*. City of Leeds. “As Chairman of the Leeds General Infirmary, Henry (Dubs Middleton) had played host to Princess Mary when she visited the Leeds General Infirmary in 1932”
25. ↑ Kate Middleton.
26. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Nicholl, Katie. "Meet The Parents". *Vanity Fair*. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
27. ↑ The Ancestry of Catherine Middleton pp. 9, 16. New England Historic Genealogical Society (2011).
28. ↑ Kate Middleton: An uncommon princess.
29. ↑ Everything You Need to Know About Kate Middleton's Quaint Childhood Home (28 January 2019).
Rayner, Gordon. "Kate Middleton family photos reveal her time in Jordan", *The Telegraph*, 7 March 2011.
31. ↑ Profiles – Kate Middleton. *Hello!* (August 2001).
32. ↑ Duchess of Cambridge returns to St Andrew's School. *BBC News* (30 December 2012).
"Royal wedding: Kate Middleton's home village of Bucklebury prepares for big day", *The Telegraph*, 12 April 2011.
34. ↑ Kate Middleton and her family business.
Roberts, Laura. "Royal wedding: 50 things you may not know about Kate Middleton and Prince William", *The Daily Telegraph*, 17 November 2010.
"World press gather outside Middleton family home in Bucklebury as royal relationship ends", Newbury Today, 14 April 2007.
37. ↑ Claudia Joseph (2011). Kate: The Making of a Princess. Mainstream Publishing. “One of the first girls Kate met ... was Jessica Hay who showed (Kate) up to their dormitory...”
38. ↑ Duchess of Cambridge plays hockey at Olympic park – video (15 March 2012).
39. ↑ Roberts, Kayleigh (9 June 2019). Kate Middleton Underwent an Emergency Operation in High School. *Marie Claire*.
40. ↑ How well did the Royal Family perform in their GCSEs and A-Levels?. *Tatler* (18 August 2022). Retrieved on 18 August 2022.
41. ↑ Barcelona, Ainhoa (7 April 2021). Why did Kate Middleton attend St Andrews after rejecting offer from Edinburgh?. *Hello!*. “Kate was initially accepted at the University of Edinburgh, according to Jasper Selwyn, the careers advisor at her boarding school in England.”
42. ↑ Blair, Olivia (1 November 2017). This is what Kate Middleton did for a living before royal life. Cosmopolitan.
"Kate scrubbed my deck, says Cape skipper", Independent News & Media, 28 April 2011.
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46. ↑ The reason Kate met Prince Philip long before she met Prince William!.
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"Kate Middleton Reflects on Her Most Cherished Aspect of Family Life", NBC Universal, 23 May 2018.
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Template:Cbignore
56. ↑ Jeweller Boodles bows to online sales trend.
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Template:Cbignore
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60. ↑ The true story: How Wills and Kate really met. *The New Zealand Herald* (13 April 2019).
"Kate Middleton's transparent dress sparks global interest at auction", The Telegraph, 12 March 2011.
"The Start of Prince William and Kate Middleton's Love Story", *ABC News*, 12 April 2011.
Rayner, Gordon. "Royal wedding: schoolgirl dream comes true for Kate Middleton, the 'princess in waiting'", The Telegraph, 17 November 2010.
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65. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"Wills and the Real Girl". *Vanity Fair*. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
66. ↑ Mackelden, Amy (23 September 2018). Why Kate Middleton and Prince William Broke Up Before They Got Married. *Harper's Bazaar*. Retrieved on 26 August 2022.
"Kate Middleton: A Paparazzi Target Who Rivals Princess Diana".
68. ↑ Kate Middleton: UK Media Coverage Changes After Marriage.
69. ↑ 69.0 69.1 The most iconic photo from every year of Prince William and Kate Middleton's relationship.
70. ↑ 70.0 70.1 Middleton makes new paparazzi complaints (5 July 2007).
71. ↑ 71.0 71.1 Hounded, harassed, hated: Kate Middleton's rocky road to royalty.
"William graduates from Sandhurst", *BBC News*, 15 December 2006.
"Royal wedding: The Kate Middleton story", *BBC News*, 16 November 2010.
"Prince William splits from Kate", *BBC News*, 14 April 2007.
"'Paparazzi chase' concerns prince", *BBC News*, 5 October 2007.
"Royal wedding: Peter Phillips and Autumn Kelly tie the knot", *The Telegraph*, 17 May 2008.
77. ↑ What Kate Middleton and Queen Elizabeth II's Relationship Is Really Like (10 April 2019).
"William made Knight of the Garter", 16 June 2008.
Nikkah, Roya. "Kate Middleton attends another royal wedding", *The Telegraph*, 19 July 2008.
80. ↑ Prince William and Catherine Middleton: The Royal Wedding of 2011.
"Prince William and Kate revisit former home of Anglesey", 8 May 2019.
"First look inside the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge's Anglesey home", The Telegraph, 23 September 2013.
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85. ↑ Clarence House (16 November 2010). "His Royal Highness Prince William of Wales and Miss Catherine Middleton are engaged to be married". Press release. http://www.princeofwales.gov.uk/media/press-releases/his-royal-highness-prince-william-of-wales-and-miss-catherine-middleton-are-0. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
86. ↑ Kate Middleton's confirmed belief (14 April 2011).
"Kate Middleton confirmed in Church of England", *BBC News*, 13 April 2011.
Bates, Stephen. "Royal wedding date set for 29 April", *The Guardian*, 23 November 2010.
"2 billion tune into Royal Wedding", 1 May 2011.
90. ↑ Revealed: Royal Wedding TV audience closer to 300m than 2bn (because sport, not royalty, reigns). Sportingintelligence.com (8 May 2011).
de Moraes, Lisa. "The TV Column: Counting royal wedding watchers .?.?. before the wedding?", 28 April 2011.
"Kate Middleton's bridal dress designed by Sarah Burton", BBC News, 29 April 2011.
Beckford, Martin. "Royal wedding: Prince William and Kate Middleton become Duke and Duchess of Cambridge", 29 April 2011. “Buckingham Palace said in a statement published at 8 am on Friday: 'The Queen has today been pleased to confer a Dukedom on Prince William of Wales. 'His titles will be Duke of Cambridge, Earl of Strathearn and Baron Carrickfergus. 'Prince William thus becomes His Royal Highness The Duke of Cambridge and Miss Catherine Middleton on marriage will become Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Cambridge.'”
"Kate and William make media plea for privacy during stay in Norfolk", *The Guardian*, 7 May 2015.
95. ↑ Park, Sabrina (23 June 2021). Duchess Kate Dabbles in Beekeeping and Makes Her Own Honey. *Harper's Bazaar*.
96. ↑ New family-size house for Duke and Duchess of Cambridge in his childhood home.Template:Cbignore
Foster, Max. "Royal palace upgrade for William, Catherine and George costs $7.6 million", *CNN*, 26 June 2014.
98. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>"Kate Middleton and Prince William Are Officially Moving to London This Fall". *Vanity Fair*. 20 January 2017. Retrieved 1 June 2021.
99. ↑ Witchell, Nicholas (22 August 2022). Adelaide Cottage: William and Kate to move to cottage on Windsor estate. *BBC*. Retrieved on 22 August 2022.
"Royal pregnancy: Duchess leaves hospital", *BBC News*, 6 December 2012.
101. ↑ The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge are expecting a baby. Clarence House (3 December 2012).
"Royal baby: Kate gives birth to boy", *BBC News*, 22 July 2013.
"Royal baby: Duchess of Cambridge expecting third child", *BBC News*, 4 September 2017.
"Royal princess named as Charlotte", *BBC News*, 4 May 2015.
"Royal baby: Duchess of Cambridge goes into labour", *BBC News*, 23 April 2018.
Davies, Caroline. "Duchess of Cambridge gives birth to baby girl", *The Guardian*, 3 May 2015.
"Royal baby: Duke and duchess show off new son", *BBC News*, 23 April 2018.
108. ↑ Pasquini, Maria (22 November 2020). Prince William and Kate Middleton Mourn the Death of Family Dog Lupo: 'We Will Miss Him So Much'.
109. ↑ Kate Middleton and Prince William Bring Their Dog Orla to Charity Polo Match!. *People* (6 July 2022). Retrieved on 6 July 2022.
"The Duchess of Cambridge in pictures (slide 26)", The Telegraph, 3 December 2012.
"Royal wedding: William and Kate's Anglesey visit", *BBC News*, 24 February 2011.
"Duchess of Cambridge attends Anglesey ultra marathon", *BBC News*, 30 August 2013.
"Prince William and Kate Middleton return to St Andrews University for anniversary celebrations", *The Telegraph*, 25 February 2011.
114. ↑ Prince William and Kate Middleton charm Belfast crowds. *BBC News* (8 March 2011).
"Barack Obama and Michelle meet Prince William and Kate at Buckingham Palace", *The Telegraph*, 24 May 2011.
116. ↑ Clarence House (16 February 2011). "HRH Prince William of Wales and Miss Catherine Middleton to undertake a Royal tour of Canada". Press release. http://www.princeofwales.gov.uk/media/press-releases/hrh-prince-william-of-wales-and-miss-catherine-middleton-undertake-royal-tour. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
"William and Kate celebrate Canada Day", 1 July 2011.
"William and Kate cap off Canada Day with concert, fireworks", 2 July 2011.
119. ↑ Prince William & Kate Plant a Tree to Symbolize Love.
120. ↑ Prince William and Kate attend polo match in Santa Barbara. *CBS News* (9 July 2011).
"Royal newly-weds to visit US after Canada tour", *BBC News*, 5 May 2011.
122. ↑ Ramsdale, Suzannah (28 October 2011). K-Mid to the Rescue. *Sky Living HD*.
"William and Kate visit Unicef famine relief depot in Copenhagen", *BBC News*, 2 November 2011.
124. ↑ Photo story: William and Kate visit UNICEF Supply Centre. unicef.org.uk (2 November 2011).
"Duchess of Cambridge presents shamrocks to Irish Guards", *BBC News*, 17 March 2012.
"Kate Middleton gives first public speech (2:51)", 6 April 2012.
"Royals made ambassadors of London 2012 Olympic Games", *The Guardian*, 1 December 2011.
128. ↑ The Royal Family and the Paralympics. royal.gov.uk.
"Jubilee: royal trip to paradise for Duke and Duchess", *The Telegraph*, 15 December 2011.
130. ↑ Duchess of Cambridge's first speech outside of the UK reaffirms support for global hospice movement. wpca.org.
"Duchess of Cambridge gives first speech abroad", *BBC News*, 13 September 2012.
132. ↑ Kate Middleton pretty in pink Emilia Wickstead at Queen's Jubilee lunch (18 May 2012).
133. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Sutherland, Mark. "Paul McCartney, Elton John Honor Queen at Diamond Jubilee Concert". *Rolling Stone*. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
134. ↑ *Diamond Jubilee Pageant Guests*, The Telegraph, 3 June 2012
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136. ↑ Duchess of Cambridge.
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139. ↑ Prince William and Kate enjoy tea with veterans in Normandy (6 June 2014).
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144. ↑ The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge: Spring 2016 visit announcement. The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge official website (13 November 2015).
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147. ↑ Rodriguez, Cecilia (26 September 2016). Kate Middleton, Prince William And Their Kids In Canada: Behind The Adoring Welcome. *Forbes*.
148. ↑ Princess Kate Visits the Netherlands in First Solo Foreign Trip as a Royal. *ABC News* (11 October 2016).
149. ↑ Rodriguez, Cecilia (18 March 2017). Kate Middleton And Prince William Charm Paris: Best Photos Of A Glamorous Diplomatic Trip. *Forbes*.
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151. ↑ Rodriguez, Cecilia (21 July 2017). Kate Middleton, Prince William And Kids In Germany: The Best Photos From Their Charm And Fashion Diplomacy. *Forbes*.
152. ↑ Duboff, Josh (31 July 2017). Kate Middleton Repeats an Iconic Look in Belgium. Vanity Fair.
153. ↑ D. Michael Jackson (2018). The Canadian Kingdom: 150 Years of Constitutional Monarchy. Dundurn.
154. ↑ Kate Middleton stuns in powder blue suit as she makes solo visit to Luxembourg. *The Independent* (11 May 2017).
155. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Gajanan, Mahita (30 January 2018). "See Prince William and Kate Middleton With the Swedish Royal Family". *Time*. Archived from the original on 30 January 2018. Retrieved 30 January 2018.
156. ↑ Facebook Instagram Twitter Youtube The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge in Northern Ireland: Day One (27 February 2019).
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158. ↑ The Duchess Of Cambridge Is Applauded By Thousands As She Takes The Royal Salute In Catherine Walker (7 June 2019).
159. ↑ Contreras, Cydney (7 June 2019). Kate Middleton Beams as She Receives Prestigious First Salute During Military Concert.
160. ↑ Furness, Hannah (29 June 2019). Duke and Duchess of Cambridge defy security fears with plan to retrace Diana's footsteps during royal tour of Pakistan. The Daily Telegraph.
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163. ↑ Duke and Duchess of Cambridge visit Ireland (3 March 2020).
164. ↑ Foussianes, Chloe (7 October 2020). Prince William and Kate Middleton Meet with Ukraine's President and First Lady at Buckingham Palace. *Town and Country*.
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166. ↑ Kate Middleton and Prince William Kick Off Final Day of Royal Train Tour with Trip to a Castle!.
167. ↑ The Royal Train Tour (4 December 2020).
168. ↑ Lukewarm welcome for William and Kate in royal tour of Scotland and Wales (8 December 2020).
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170. ↑ In pictures: Prince William and Kate visit Scotland. *BBC* (27 May 2021).
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172. ↑ Jill Biden meets and tours school with the Duchess of Cambridge.
"Duchess of Cambridge visits outdoor school on Denmark trip", *BBC News*, 23 February 2022.
174. ↑ Turner, Lauren (19 March 2022). William and Kate arrive in Belize for jubilee Caribbean tour. *BBC*.
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176. ↑ The Prince William & Miss Catherine Middleton Charitable Gift Fund. Royal Wedding Charity Fund.
177. ↑ Bates, Stephen (16 March 2011). Royal wedding: William and Kate ask for donations to charity. *The Guardian*.
Ward, Victoria. "William and Catherine ask for charity donations in lieu of wedding gifts", *The Telegraph*, 16 March 2011.
Holden, Michael. "William and Catherine set up royal wedding charity fund", *Reuters*, 16 March 2011.
Rayner, Gordon. "'Kate effect' boosts Princes' charity by £4.2m", *The Daily Telegraph*, 17 July 2012.
181. ↑ Privacy Policy The Royal Foundation.
182. ↑ 182.0 182.1 Duchess of Cambridge (18 February 2016).
Alleyne, Richard. "The charities chosen by the Duchess of Cambridge", *The Daily Telegraph*, 5 January 2012.
184. ↑ The "Kate Effect" strikes again... £10 charity bracelets sell out after Duchess is pictured wearing one (23 July 2012).
185. ↑ 'Kate effect' boost for East Anglia's Children's Hospices (23 July 2012).
"'Kate effect' boosts Princes' charity by £4.2m", The Telegraph, 12 July 2012. “...and now the Duchess of Cambridge has shown the "Kate effect" works just as well on charitable giving.”
"Duchess of Cambridge announces charity patronages", *BBC News*, 5 January 2012.
Mills, Rhiannon. "Kate calls for society to help women and families affected by perinatal mental health challenges", *Sky News*, 6 May 2022.
"Duchess of Cambridge-backed charity The Art Room set to close", *BBC News*, 30 January 2020.
190. ↑ Foster, Max (5 January 2012). Catherine unveils her chosen charity causes. CNN.
191. ↑ Lawn Tennis Association pays tribute to Her Majesty The Queen.
192. ↑ The AELTC pays tribute to Her Majesty The Queen.
193. ↑ A New Year and A New Royal Patron.
194. ↑ Furness, Hannah (25 June 2019). Duchess of Cambridge made patron of Royal Photographic Society, taking over from Queen after 67 years. The Daily Telegraph.
195. ↑ Royal Air Force Cadets.
"Duchess of Cambridge becomes RAF Air Cadets patron", *BBC News*, 16 December 2015.
197. ↑ The Royal Week 15–21 January 2022.
Alleyne, Richard. "Duchess of Cambridge to be a Scout leader as well as patron of four charities", *The Telegraph*, 5 January 2013.
199. ↑ Betancourt, Bianca (29 September 2020). Kate Middleton Sports Skinny Jeans and Platform Hiking Boots for Her Latest Engagement. Harper's Bazaar.
"Kate Middleton Visits Recovering Drug Addicts At Charity Visit", 3 February 2012.
201. ↑ Watch Kate Middleton Virtually Visit an Addiction Treatment Center (8 June 2020).
Olivia Parker. "Duchess of Cambridge gives addiction charity royal support", *The Telegraph*, 17 October 2012.
203. ↑ M-PACT+: supporting families affected by parental substance misuse.
204. ↑ Duchess Of Cambridge Makes An M-PACT In London (July 2014).
205. ↑ Stacey, Danielle (24 June 2021). Kate Middleton 'delighted' as she's given an important new role. *Hello!*.
206. ↑ Nolasco, Stephanie (19 October 2021). Kate Middleton launches 'Taking Action on Addiction' campaign: 'We can all play our part in helping this work'. *Fox News*.
207. ↑ Ant McPartlin opens up to Kate Middleton about previous addiction problems at campaign launch. *Hello!* (19 October 2021).
208. ↑ Duchess of Cambridge says addiction can 'happen to any of us'. *CNN* (19 October 2021).
209. ↑ Harper's Bazaar UK (20 October 2021). The Duchess of Cambridge shares a powerful message on addiction. *Harper's Bazaar*.
210. ↑ 210.0 210.1 210.2 Kate Middleton Made an "Emotional" Visit to a Children's Hospice This Morning (15 November 2019).
211. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Nicholl, Katie. "Kate Middleton Gets Her Hands Dirty for Children's Hospice Visit". *Vanity Fair*. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
212. ↑ 212.0 212.1 HRH The Duchess of Cambridge Our Royal Patron.
213. ↑ What it's really like to work with Kate Middleton - and how 'private' personality differs (8 October 2020). “Looking back to that first speech, which she delivered as she officially opened the charity's Treehouse Hospice in Ipswich, Tracy said: "It created global interest."”
214. ↑ Kate Middleton opens new hospice for one of her first patronages - best photos (15 November 2019).
215. ↑ Kate Middleton "so excited" for Olympics as she joins William and Harry to wish Team GB good luck (4 August 2016).
216. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Duboff, Josh. "Kate Middleton Makes a Surprise Appearance at Wimbledon—and Out on Court 14". *Vanity Fair*. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
217. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Nicholl, Katie (1 September 2021). "Kate Middleton Is Teaching Her Children How to Sail". *Vanity Fair*. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
218. ↑ Petit, Stephanie (30 October 2018). Kate Middleton Debuts a Brand New Look for the Gym (in Heels!).
219. ↑ 2018 Trustees Report.
220. ↑ MCC Honorary Life Members. *Lord's Cricket Ground London*.
221. ↑ Perry, Simon (9 July 2019). Kate Middleton Inspires Kids to Spend Time in Nature: 'The Great Outdoors Is an Open Playground'. People.
222. ↑ King's Cup: William finishes ahead of Kate in yacht race. BBC (8 August 2019).
223. ↑ Coghlan, Sean (2 February 2022). Kate takes over from Harry as royal rugby patron. BBC.
224. ↑ Duchess of Cambridge and Laver Cup announce charitable collaboration. *Laver Cup* (17 August 2022). Retrieved on 17 August 2022.
225. ↑ Kate Middleton Pens First Literary Piece In Book For Like-Minded Women (5 February 2014).
226. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Duboff, Josh. "Of Course Kate Middleton Wore Red for Her Solo Valentine's Day Trip". *Vanity Fair*. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
227. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Duboff, Josh. "Kate Middleton Reveals What Prince George Wants to Be When He's Older". *Vanity Fair*. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
228. ↑ Adamiyatt, Roxanne (30 January 2018). Kate Middleton Cut Her Hair Into a Lob for This Touching Reason. *US Magazine*.
229. ↑ 229.0 229.1 The Duchess of Cambridge becomes the Patron of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and the Nursing Now campaign. The Royal Family (27 February 2018).
Buxton Smith, Olivia. "The Duchess of Cambridge pays sartorial tribute to nurses as she launches Nursing Now campaign", 27 February 2018.
"The Duchess of Cambridge says Prince William is 'in denial' about third child", New Zealand Herald, 1 March 2018. “This campaign means a lot to me personally. My great-grandmother and grandmother were both volunteer nurses...”
"Duchess hails Red Cross as part of her family", UK Daily Telegraph, 4 August 2020. “The Duchess, 38, wrote...in a personal letter sent to 150 "outstanding" Red Cross staff and volunteers, the Royal [Duchess] highlighted her own family ties with the organisation...[the Duchess's great-grandmother] Mrs Middleton, nee Lupton became a nurse working at Gledhow Hall, in Leeds, home to her second cousin, Baroness Airedale...The Duchess revealed that her paternal grandmother [Valerie Middleton] served in a Voluntary Aid Detachment with the British Red Cross....”
"Duchess of Cambridge to become champion of nurses", The Telegraph, 15 February 2018. “The Duchess' own great-grandmother, Olive Middleton, is known to have worked as a nurse, caring for wounded servicemen after the Leeds estate belonging to a cousin – Florence, Baroness Airedale – was turned into a field hospital. There, in Gledhow Hall, she is reported to have nursed men...”
234. ↑ Is Kate Middleton Now the Firm's Greatest Asset? (11 May 2021). “as the coronavirus pandemic descended upon London, [the Duchess] made a socially distanced visit to NHS ambulance drivers, Zoomed with children of essential workers, and clapped for carers outside their Norfolk family home”
235. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Nicholl, Katie. "After a Decade as a Duchess, Kate Middleton Has More "Quiet Confidence" Than Ever". *Vanity Fair*. Retrieved 14 May 2021. as [Catherine and William] Zoom-called key workers, doctors, and nurses and checked in on teachers and pupils around the country.
"New Sandringham photograph released by Kate and William", Lynn News, 7 June 2020.
"The British Royal Family Released New Photos Of Princess Charlotte For Her 5th Birthday", Buzzfeed News, 1 May 2020.
238. ↑ Kate Middleton Secretly Volunteered During Pandemic with Calls to Caregiver: 'Call Me Catherine'.
239. ↑ Kate Middleton behind the camera: Analysing the Duchess of Cambridge's photography (28 January 2020).
240. ↑ This is why Kate Middleton always takes her children's official photographs (23 April 2021).
241. ↑ Hill, Erin (25 June 2019). Kate Middleton Steps Out in a Breezy Summer Dress to Support of One of Her Favorite Hobbies. *People*. Retrieved on 9 July 2022.
242. ↑ Project marks 75th anniversary of the end of the Holocaust. Royal Photographic Society (26 January 2020).
243. ↑ Goldsmith, Annie (6 August 2021). Kate Middleton Shares a Behind-the-Scenes Photo as She Takes Part In New Exhibit. *Town & Country*.
244. ↑ The Duchess of Cambridge to Curate a Show at the National Portrait Gallery (16 February 2018).
245. ↑ Thank you for being part of #HoldStill2020!.Template:Cbignore
246. ↑ The Duchess of Cambridge launches Hold Still project. ITV (7 May 2020).
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248. ↑ Having seen the incredible response from people around the UK to the digital exhibition...Template:Cbignore
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250. ↑ Perry, Simon (27 March 2021). Kate Middleton Uses 'Power of Photography to Create a Lasting Record' of COVID Lockdown for First Book. *People*.
"Duchess of Cambridge gets first Covid vaccine dose", *BBC News*, 29 May 2021.
Betancourt, Bianca. "Kate Middleton Returns to Royal Duty in a Cream-Colored Blazer and Navy Trousers", *Harper's Bazaar*, 15 September 2021.
253. ↑ The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge Invite Students and Teachers to Join Generation Earthshot (13 October 2021).
254. ↑ Brockington, Ariana (8 December 2021). Kate Middleton wears a festive red coat to royal Christmas concert. *Today*.
255. ↑ The Duchess of Cambridge Hosts Together at Christmas Carol Service (30 November 2021).
256. ↑ Elms, Victoria (25 December 2021). Duchess of Cambridge: Kate plays piano publicly for the first time alongside popstar Tom Walker at Westminster Abbey carol concert. *Sky News*.
257. ↑ 257.0 257.1 Wray, Meaghan (11 May 2018). How Duchess Kate puts mothers first in her charity work. Hello! Canada.
258. ↑ Kate Middleton Visits St Thomas' Hospital. *ABC News*.
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260. ↑ Our Royal Patron. Place2Be.
261. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Nicholl, Katie. "When It Comes to Children's Mental Health, Kate Middleton Is the "Most Important Woman in the World"". *Vanity Fair*. Archived from the original on 5 January 2022. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
262. ↑ Whittaker, Alexandra (12 December 2017). Kate Middleton and Prince William Now Share a Huge Honor with Queen Elizabeth. *InStyle*.
Samuelson, Kate. "How Princes William and Harry Are Carrying on Causes Close to Princess Diana's Heart", 25 August 2017.
264. ↑ Heads Together.
265. ↑ Riotta, Chris (21 April 2017). Kate Middleton Talks Mental Health, Princess Diana's Death With Prince William And Harry In New Video. *Newsweek*.
266. ↑ Kate Middleton Opened Up About Dealing With Mum Guilt On Giovanna Fletcher's Podcast.
267. ↑ Kate Middleton Appears on Her First Ever Podcast to Discuss Motherhood (14 February 2020).
268. ↑ The Duchess Launches Heads Together's new mental health project for young children. Heads Together.
"Kate Middleton Steps Out in Total Tweed for Conference Championing Two Causes Close to Her Heart", *People*, 13 February 2019.
"Princess Kate launches mental health program for schools: 'My own commitment is to the youngest and most vulnerable'", 23 January 2018.
271. ↑ Mentally Healthy Schools.
272. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Nicholl, Katie (24 February 2016). "Kate Middleton Steps Up Appearances While Prince William Comes Under Fire". *Vanity Fair*. Archived from the original on 2 November 2016. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
273. ↑ Kate Middleton Highlights the Importance of Children's Mental Health (5 February 2021).
274. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Fisher, Alexis. "Kate Middleton Is Guest-Editing Huffington Post UK For the Day". *Vanity Fair*. Archived from the original on 5 January 2022. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
275. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Duboff, Josh (17 February 2016). "Kate Middleton Embarks on Her Day of Blogging, with the Help of Michelle Obama". *Vanity Fair*. Archived from the original on 11 August 2016. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
276. ↑ McRady, Rachel (25 August 2016). Kate Middleton stuns in red after meeting James Corden's sister at charity event with Prince William. AOL Entertainment.
277. ↑ Robinson, Matthew (10 February 2019). Duchess of Cambridge's Chelsea Flower Show garden plans unveiled. CNN.
278. ↑ Furness, Hannah (20 May 2019). George gives Duchess of Cambridge '20 out of 10' for her Chelsea garden. The Daily Telegraph.
279. ↑ Chelsea Flower Show: Duchess visits garden with schoolchildren. BBC (20 May 2019).
280. ↑ Kate Middleton's garden design for Chelsea Flower Show unveiled. news.com.au (10 February 2019).
281. ↑ Perry, Simon (1 July 2019). Kate Middleton Hosts Picnic for Children in Her Specially Designed Garden — at a Palace!. People.
282. ↑ Foussianes, Chloe (4 September 2019). Kate Middleton's New Garden Design Has a Hedgehog-Shaped Treehouse. *Town & Country*.
283. ↑ Kate Middleton And Prince William Were Seen Out Playing With Prince George, Princess Charlotte & Prince Louis (27 April 2021).
284. ↑ Kosin, Julie (9 May 2019). The Cambridges & Sussexes Launch Mental Health Texting Service Shout. Harper's Bazaar.
285. ↑ Our dedicated Shout Volunteers have now taken an incredible HALF A MILLION conversations!.Template:Cbignore
286. ↑ Nolasco, Stephanie (7 October 2019). Prince Harry, Meghan Markle reunite with Prince William, Kate Middleton for mental health PSA. Fox News.
287. ↑ McKnight, Jenni (29 March 2020). Kate Middleton and Prince William endorse new mental health initiative during coronavirus lockdown.
288. ↑ Betancourt, Bianca (22 April 2020). The Cambridges Introduce a Mental Health Program for COVID-19 Frontline Workers.
289. ↑ Barr, Sabrina (18 May 2020). Mental Health Awareness Week: Message from Prince William and Kate Middleton is broadcast nationwide at 10.59AM. *The Independent*.
290. ↑ 290.0 290.1 Vanderhoof, Emily (17 June 2020). Kate Middleton Opens Up About Mental Health with Students.
291. ↑ Darmon, Aynslee (6 October 2020). Kate Middleton Chats With University Of Derby Students About The Impact Of COVID-19.
292. ↑ 292.0 292.1 292.2 292.3 Nicholl, Katie (4 February 2021). "Please Look After Yourselves": Kate Middleton Checks In With Teachers as Children's Mental Health Week Continues.
293. ↑ 293.0 293.1 The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge Voice This Morning's Mental Health Minute (14 May 2021).
Jones, Tony. "William and Kate to visit West Midlands to mark Mental Health Awareness Week".
295. ↑ Etienne, Vanessa (11 October 2021). Kate Middleton and Prince William Mark World Mental Health Day on Instagram: 'There Is Help Out There'.
296. ↑ <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Kirkpatrick, Emily (8 February 2022). "Kate Middleton Made a Surprise Appearance on a Children's TV Show". *Vanity Fair*. Archived from the original on 11 August 2022. Retrieved 11 August 2022.
297. ↑ Petit, Stephanie (13 May 2022). Kate Middleton and Prince William Interrupt Radio Stations Across the U.K. with a Mental Health Minute. *People*.
298. ↑ Why Kate Middleton's early years work is so important (3 December 2020).
"Kate Middleton heralds the arrival of spring with bespoke Jenny Packham coat", 21 March 2018.
"EARLY YEARS".
301. ↑ The Duchess of Cambridge's work on the Early Years – Early Years Steering Group (12 October 2020).
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303. ↑ The Duchess of Cambridge And The Royal Foundation... (23 November 2020).
304. ↑ Kate Middleton Makes Exciting Announcement About Her Passion Project for Young Families.
305. ↑ Kate Middleton's 'Influential' Work for Children and Families Will Likely Have a 'Long-Term Impact': Expert.
306. ↑ Perry, Simon (26 November 2020). Kate Middleton's Survey Unveils 'Serious Milestone' In Her Long-Running Work for Young Families.
307. ↑ State of The Nation: Understanding Public Attitudes To The Early Years.
"Kate Middleton Endorsed a New Childhood Development Initiative", 14 August 2020.
309. ↑ Kate Middleton Steps Out in Sneakers and a Pretty Green Dress For a Visit to a Baby Charity (4 August 2020).
"Kate Middleton wears face mask during visit to Sheffield baby bank", 5 August 2020.
"Duchess of Cambridge launches 'landmark' centre for childhood", *BBC News*, 17 June 2021.
312. ↑ 312.0 312.1 Kate praises new study into the early years development of children (5 October 2021).
313. ↑ 313.0 313.1 The Duchess of Cambridge Joins a Science Lesson Teaching the Importance of Early Childhood Development (24 November 2021).
314. ↑ 314.0 314.1 Donohue, Meg (23 February 2022). All the Best Photos from Kate Middleton's Trip to Copenhagen.
315. ↑ Meyerowitz, Anya (23 February 2022). The Duchess of Cambridge reunites with Crown Princess Mary as Queen Margrethe II welcomes her to Denmark.
316. ↑ Hill, Erin (23 February 2022). Kate Middleton Visits Outdoor Kindergarten Class in Denmark After Admitting She's Feeling 'Very Broody'.
317. ↑ 317.0 317.1 The Duchess of Cambridge Places Early Childhood on International Stage During Jubilee Tour (24 March 2022).
318. ↑ Perry, Simon (16 June 2022). Kate Middleton Hosts Her First Roundtable with U.K. Politicians About a Cause Close to Her Heart.
319. ↑ Kate Middleton in Vanity Fair's Best-Dressed List
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320. ↑ Kate Middleton's Style: Fit For A Future Princess?
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322. ↑ Kate Middleton (Elizabeth Catherine), Duchess of Cambridge Style Icon 2012. womenfitness.net.
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325. ↑ Evelyn Crowley (June 2008). Kate Middleton. Style.com.
326. ↑ The International Best-Dressed List
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Serjeant, Jill. "Kate Middleton deemed top fashion buzzword", *Reuters*, 8 February 2011.
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"Royal Kate joins Angelina Jolie and Nicole Scherzinger on list of world's most beautiful women", *Belfast Telegraph*, 9 May 2011.
Lyssandra, Marie-Louise. "Kate Middleton élue...", *L'Express*, 31 December 2012. (in fr)
Spapen, Alice. "Kate Middleton élue...", *Grazia*, 29 December 2012. (in fr)
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333. ↑ Kate Middleton: Vanity Fair's Best-Dressed and September Cover Girl 2012 (2 August 2012).
334. ↑ Catherine was included in *Time* magazine's list:

Goudreau, Jenna. "2011: Sarah Palin Missing From Time's Most Influential List", *Forbes*, 21 April 2011.

"2012 Time 100: The Most Influential People in the World", 18 April 2012.

Moraski, Lauren. "2012: Time magazine lists its 100 most influential people in the world", *CBS News*, 18 April 2012.

"The 2013 Time 100", 18 April 2013.

Brown, Brigid. "2013: Three Brits Make Time Magazine's 100 Most Influential People List", *BBC America*, April 2013.
"Culture, attraction and soft power", British Council, 3 December 2016.
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337. ↑ The International Best-Dressed Hall of Fame 2015. Vanity Fair (5 August 2015).
338. ↑ The Duchess Is Vogue's Centenary Cover Star (30 April 2016).
339. ↑ The Duchess Of Cambridge: Making Of A Vogue Centenary Cover (29 April 2017).
340. ↑ The Duchess Is Vogue's Centenary Cover Star (30 April 2016).
341. ↑ Royal Family lead Tatler's 2018 best-dressed Brits list. BBC (2 August 2018).
342. ↑ Tregaskes, Chandler (5 August 2022). Tatler's Best Dressed List is back for 2022: see who made the Top 10 now. *Tatler*. Retrieved on 5 August 2022.
343. ↑ Catherine's influence on fashion industry sales:

Thomas-Bailey, Carlene. "How the 'Duchess of Cambridge effect' is helping British fashion in US", *The Guardian*, 30 March 2012.

	* People & Parties Chart The Duchess Of Cambridge's Life In Style (5 September 2017).
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344. ↑ 344.0 344.1 <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Nicholl, Katie. "Why Kate Middleton Remains a 'Global Fashion Phenomenon'". *Vanity Fair*. Archived from the original on 5 January 2022. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
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346. ↑ Can Kate Middleton Bring Back Pantyhose? (8 July 2011).
347. ↑ Catherine's fashion styles:

	* Why Kate Middleton Is the Queen of Coats (9 January 2020).
	* Kate Middleton's Style File - Every One Of Her Most Stylish Looks.
	* 20 Times Kate Middleton Looked Like Royalty in a Tea-Length Dress.
	* The Pussy-Bow Blouse Is Back Thanks To Kate Middleton, Margaret Thatcher And Princess Diana.
	* Steal Kate Middleton's Look With These Classic Blazers.
	* Kate Middleton Just Wore This Royal-Loved Brand (Again), and It's on Sale at Nordstrom.
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Guyon, Janet. "Kate Middleton's pretty blue suit has revived interest in a quiet fashion label favored by Princess Diana", *Quartz*, 19 October 2016.
349. ↑ 349.0 349.1 The Duchess Directory: The ultimate guide to Kate's favourite fashion brands. Marie Claire (23 April 2018).
350. ↑ 350.0 350.1 Hutchings, Lucy (1 June 2018). Duchess of Cambridge: Style File. British Vogue.
351. ↑ 12 brands that Kate Middleton can't stop wearing.
352. ↑ One of Catherine's favourite clothing brand:

	* 16 Times The Duchess Of Cambridge Stunned In Alexander McQueen (5 July 2020).
	* The Duchess Directory: The ultimate guide to Kate's favourite fashion brands (28 April 2020).
	* Kate Middleton Pairs the Lover's Knot Tiara with an Alexander McQueen Dress for the Dutch State Dinner (23 October 2018).
	* <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>Duboff, Josh. "Kate Middleton Goes Greek Goddess with a Dramatic Formal Look in Norway". *Vanity Fair*. Archived from the original on 5 January 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2020.
	* Kate Middleton Stuns In A Navy Alexander McQueen Gown And Tiara At The Queen's Diplomatic Corps Reception (11 December 2019).
353. ↑ 19 Times Kate Middleton Made High Street Look High End.
354. ↑ How to Shop Zara Like Kate Middleton.
355. ↑ 30 times the Duchess of Cambridge dressed like Princess Diana. *The Telegraph* (17 January 2020).
356. ↑ Holt, Bethan (28 February 2017). How The Duchess of Cambridge has developed a 'caring wardrobe' just like Diana's. *The Telegraph*.
357. ↑ Hill, Erin (18 February 2018). Kate Middleton Hits the Red Carpet in Deep Green Amid BAFTA's Time's Up All-Black Dress Code. *People*.
358. ↑ Duboff, Josh (18 February 2018). Kate Middleton Opts for a Subtle Nod to the #MeToo Movement at the BAFTA Awards. Vanity Fair.
359. ↑ Berlinger, Joshua (19 February 2018). Duchess of Cambridge opts for green as black dresses sweep BAFTAs. CNN.
360. ↑ Hill, Erin (19 February 2018). Kate Middleton Steps Out in Black-and-White for Fashion Event Amid BAFTA Dress Code Backlash. People.
361. ↑ This Will Mark Kate Middleton's 10th Year of Being a Duchess. Here's How She's Changed Royal Fashion Forever. (24 February 2021).
362. ↑ Discover The Extraordinary Women Who Make Up This Year's Vogue 25. *British Vogue* (5 August 2021).
"Paparazzi's role in Diana accident", *BBC News*, 9 April 2000.
"Royal Couple Sue Over Photos of Topless Duchess", *The New York Times*, 14 September 2012.
"Tabloids ban paparazzi shots of Kate Middleton", *The Guardian*, 9 January 2007.
"Ex-royal aide condemns paparazzi", *BBC News*, 9 January 2007.
"Profile: Prince William, the Duke of Cambridge", *BBC News*, 12 September 2013.
"Phone-hacking trial: Kate Middleton 'hacked 155 times'", 14 May 2014.
369. ↑ Will lawsuit fears keep photographers away from Kate Middleton?.
370. ↑ Kate Middleton Seeks Privacy from Paparazzi. *People* (16 January 2007).
371. ↑ 371.0 371.1 Kate Middleton 'hounded', say MPs. *BBC* (11 July 2007).
372. ↑ Mulholland, Hélène (11 July 2007). PCC has failed Kate Middleton, say MPs. *The Guardian*.
"Nowhere to hide", *The Sunday Times*, 16 September 2012.
"Kate Middleton set for £10,000 privacy victory", *The Sunday Times*, 21 February 2010.
"Kate Middleton wins damages from paparazzi agency", *The Telegraph*, 11 March 2010.
376. ↑ As measured using Michelin Route Planner
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"Spying photographers may have taken their shots of a secluded chateau from the road", *The Times*, 15 September 2012, pp. 6–7.
"Kate and William to make criminal complaint over topless shots", *BBC News*, 16 September 2012.
"Kate topless photos: French injunction against magazine", *BBC News*, 18 September 2012.
380. ↑ Insurance/Reinsurance Bulletin August 2011 – Insurance and punitive damages in France. Holman Fenwick Willan, solicitors (2012).
381. ↑ French Legislation on Privacy. Embassy of France in Washington (2 December 2007).
"Kate topless pictures: Criminal and legal cases", *BBC News*, 17 September 2012.
"Kate topless pics: Closer magazine to pay royals in €100k damages", Sky News, 5 September 2017.
Rayner, Gordon. "Prank call plays on after death", *The Sydney Morning Herald*, 8 December 2012.
Byrnes, Holly. "2Day FM DJs Michael Christian and Mel Greig 'shattered, gutted'", *Herald Sun*, 10 December 2012.
386. ↑ The Royal Family Is Angered By Kate Middleton Baby Bump Photos. B96 Chicago (13 February 2013).
387. ↑ Australian paper publishes Kate Middleton's controversial picture. *Deccan Chronicle* (28 May 2014).
388. ↑ Duke and Duchess of Cambridge take action over Prince George 'surveillance'. *The Guardian* (2 October 2014).
389. ↑ A letter from Kensington Palace.
390. ↑ Palace Issues Rare Statement Blasting 'Inaccuracies' in Report That Kate Middleton Is Stressed (27 May 2020).
391. ↑ Halberg, Morgan (21 September 2020). Tatler Finally Edited Its Controversial Profile of Kate Middleton.
392. ↑ The wedding of Prince William and Miss Catherine Middleton. *The Royal Family* (29 April 2011).
Beckford, Martin. "Prince William and Kate Middleton's new titles revealed", 29 April 2011.
394. ↑ Duke of Cornwall and Cambridge. royal.uk.
395. ↑ Watch: King Charles's first speech in full. *BBC News* (9 September 2022). Retrieved on 9 September 2022.
396. ↑ Duke of Cambridge to be Patron of the Thin Red Line Appeal. royal.uk (20 October 2016).
"Royal wedding: New Scots title for royal couple", *BBC News*, 29 April 2011.
"Royal family title changes: William and Kate become Prince and Princess of Wales", *The Telegraph*, 10 September 2022.
"Prince of Wales: William speaks of honour after getting title", *BBC News*, 11 September 2022.
400. ↑ Watch: King Charles's first speech in full. *BBC News* (9 September 2022). Retrieved on 9 September 2022.
401. ↑ Palmer, Richard (30 March 2017). William and Kate to receive highest Tuvalu award... for just visiting the nation. *Express*.
402. ↑ Majesty/Joe Little [@MajestyMagazine] (23 October 2018). The Duchess of Cambridge is wearing the family order for the second time. Its first outing was at the Diplomatic Corps reception in December..
403. ↑ Gonzales, Erica (23 October 2018). Kate Middleton Is Covered in Jewels for a State Dinner at Buckingham Palace. *Harper's Bazaar*.
404. ↑ The Duchess of Cambridge appointed to the Royal Victorian Order. The Royal Family (29 April 2019).
405. ↑ Rees, Alex (6 July 2011). Kate Middleton Was Made an Honorary Canadian Ranger Yesterday.
406. ↑ The Duke of Edinburgh Hands Air Cadet Patronage to The Duchess of Cambridge (16 December 2015).
407. ↑ Ilse, Jess (30 June 2021). What is a royal ship sponsor?. *Royal Central*.
408. ↑ Stieghorst, Tom (9 April 2013). Kate Middleton named Royal Princess' godmother.
The Canadian Press. "UW award honours Duke and Duchess of Cambridge", CTV, 26 July 2011.
"University of Waterloo offers Their Royal Highnesses The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge Award", Canada News Wire, 26 July 2011.
411. ↑ Parks Canada (16 January 2012). Minister Kent invites young Canadians to apply for Duke and Duchess of Cambridge Parks Canada Ambassador Program. Queen's Printer for Canada.
412. ↑ 412.0 412.1 412.2 412.3 The arms of Miss Catherine Middleton. College of Arms (1 May 2011).
413. ↑ 413.0 413.1 413.2 Coat of Arms of Duchess of Cambridge. dukeandduchessofcambridge.org (14 November 2012).
414. ↑ Conjugal arms of The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge. College of Arms (27 September 2013).
415. ↑ William & Catherine: A Royal Wedding Souvenir. Dundurn (2011). “Michael had grown up in Leeds where his father, a pilot, came from forebears who were solicitors, mill-owners and minor landowners.”
416. ↑ Battle of Brothers pp. 62, 553. HarperCollins Publishers, London (2021). “(Chapter 6 "Party Pieces" and Source Notes) Michael E. Reed has published his fascinating research into the aristocratic ancestry of the Middleton family in the *Telegraph* and the *Guardian* and kindly supplied me with photographs of Baroness Airedale ["a distant ancestor of Michael Middleton" - Chapter 6, page 62] in her costume for the coronation of 1911.”
417. ↑ Headingley Castle. Leeds Library and Information Service, Leeds City Council. “The Luptons of Leeds were landed gentry; a political and business dynasty”
"'Middle-class' Duchess of Cambridge's relative wore crown and attended George V's coronation", The Telegraph, 13 September 2013, p. 7. “...relatives were very much landed gentry and some were titled...Researchers have discovered that relations of her father Michael were baronesses who were invited to successive coronations, and one of them,...was photographed wearing a coronet and ceremonial robes on the day of George V's coronation in 1911...Baroness von Schunck, was also invited to the coronation of George V...”
"The Duchess of Cambridge's Ancestor Would Have Led The Fight Against Covid 19", *Daily Telegraph*, 28 May 2020, p. 25. “...Greenhow, Kate's paternal great-great-greatgrandfather, was famous...died a very wealthy man in 1881 at Potternewton Hall estate where his great granddaughter Olive Middleton was born [in 1881]...”
420. ↑ Duchess of Cambridge's links with stately home near York revealed. The Press (York) (17 March 2015). “...he discovered previously unpublished pictures in the depths of the Leeds archives showing the Potternewton Hall Estate where Olive...(and) her blood cousin Baroness von Schunck...grew up.”
421. ↑ They Lived in Leeds: Francis Martineau Lupton (1848–1921). The Thoresby Society (2014). “He had a comfortable, favoured childhood: first at Potternewton Hall, a handsome Queen Anne house, long demolished, and then at 'Beechwood', an impressive mansion (now offices) set in parkland in Elmete Lane, Roundhay...and they moved to a new, handsome house, 'Rockland', at the top of St Mary's Road, Newton Park, built on part of the Lupton estate...In 1914 his daughter Olive married a Leeds solicitor, Richard Middleton – a union which has famously linked the family story to the ancestry of the present Duchess of Cambridge..”
Addley, Esther. "The Middletons – finding common ground with the royal family", 30 April 2011.
423. ↑ Child, Christopher C. (Fall 2011). A Gratifying Discovery: Connecting Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, to Sir Thomas Conyers, 9th Bt. of Horden, Durham. *American Ancestors* pp. 35–36. New England Historic Genealogical Society.
424. ↑ Adolph, Anthony. Princess Catherine.
Rayner, Gordon. "Duchess of Cambridge's relative wore crown and attended coronation of George V", *Michael Middleton's descent from Edward III*, The Telegraph, 13 September 2013. “Michael Middleton is a direct descendant of Edward III”

## Further reading

* Jobson, Robert (2010). William & Kate: The Love Story. John Blake Publishing.
* Morton, Andrew (2011). William & Catherine: Their Story. St. Martin's Press.
* . Hachette (2015).
* . Pirgos Press (2018).

## External links

1. REDIRECT Template:Sister project links

* The Princess of Wales at the official website of the British royal family
* The Duchess of Cambridge at the website of the Government of Canada
* Catherine, Princess of Wales at the Internet Movie Database
* Template:Instagram