Magic Items-Attack class-Sword-Excalibur

## **Brief Introduction 简介**

凯尔特神话（Celtic mythology）阿尔斯特传说中的英雄弗格斯·马克·罗伊（Fergus Mac Roich）所持有的“坚硬魔剑”卡拉德波加（Caladbolg）被认为是亚瑟王传说中圣剑即断钢之剑Excalibur的原型剑之一。　Excalibur是伴随着亚瑟王这位传说中的英雄而出现的圣剑，它与这个传说本身的主题一样，代表了支配与破坏，从而被称为英雄之力的象征，即“王者之剑”，而这把断钢之剑称得上是后世骑士文学中，英雄多半配著名宝剑传统的开端。

关于Excalibur的由来众说不一，有的传说称它是由亚瑟王从石中抽出。但一般人们比较认同的说法是：他是从湖之精灵那里得到。

**ONLY THE KING CAN TAKE THE SWORD FROM THE STONE.**

## **Ability 能力**

**①抉择:**

可以自行决定使用者，给予使用者全方位的增益。他的锋利与意志可以使使用者战无不胜，当使用者无法达到相应的影响程度时，石中剑会断裂。

**②剑鞘:**

拥有圣剑剑鞘者永不流血。

## **Legend 传说**

传说不列颠国王亚瑟王（King Arthur）亚瑟・潘多拉贡（Arthur Pendragon）在位期间，不列颠迎来了空前的统一和强大。他扶贫济弱，建立起繁盛的王国。
而亚瑟在年轻时选王而拔出的石中剑（Caliburn）在与King Pellinore决斗时因违反骑士精神的战斗后断裂，失去了圣剑的亚瑟王非常悔恨。于是大魔法师梅林（Merlin）指引他来到了圣湖旁，湖中仙女手握着一柄宝剑，并将其举出水面。
他从湖之仙女那里得到被称为“王者之剑“的圣剑Excalibur，此剑在是精灵在阿瓦隆（Avalon）所打造，剑锷由黄金所铸、剑柄上镶有宝石，并因其锋刃削铁如泥，故湖夫人以“Excalibur”（即古凯尔特语中“断钢”之意）命名之。持有此剑的亚瑟王在十年中打赢了十二场重要的战役。

梅林曾告诉亚瑟王，“王者之剑虽强大，但其剑鞘却较其剑更为贵重。配戴王者之剑的剑鞘者将永不流血，你决不可遗失了它。”但后来亚瑟王还是遗失了剑鞘。

在卡姆兰（又译剑栏）（Camlan）战役中，亚瑟王在与自己的外甥和骑士叛乱者莫德雷德（Mordred）决战中用Excalibur（另有一说为圣枪Rhongomyniad）将其杀死，但自己也受了致命伤。最后，亚瑟王命令贝狄威尔（Bedivere）将Excalibur扔进圣湖交还湖之妖精，表示自己卸下了国家重任选择安然离去。

传说濒死的亚瑟王被三位神秘的仙女用船载向Avalon（阿瓦隆），有说他最终葬在那里，而他的人民都相信亚瑟王并未死去，他会再度回来拯救世人。这把剑也最终消失在了湖的深处。

## **Historical Origin** **历史渊源**

石中剑(The Sword in the Stone)第一次出现在一所教堂是一个圣诞节前夜，正当人们忏悔完毕抬起头来看到一把宝剑插在一块四方的石头上。周围写着金字：“凡能从石台上拔出此剑者，而且生于英格兰，它便是英格兰全境的国王。”当在场的人做过弥撒之后就去试着拔出宝剑，结果竟没有一个人能将其拔出。于是主教命人选出十位德高望重的骑士看守此剑。到了新年，骑士们参加比武会。亚瑟王（Arthur）的养父爱克托（Ector）带着他的儿子凯（Kay）一同参加比武，由于亚瑟年龄较小未封做骑士，故而没有参加。粗心的凯竟忘了带佩剑，这可能会让他在比武中惨败受辱，甚至身负重伤。于是他请亚瑟骑马去取剑。当亚瑟赶到投宿的房子时却发现主人已将房门锁上去看比武。乱了方寸的亚瑟猛然想起那把石中剑。他急忙到教堂拔剑，结果却发现十位护剑骑士也都去看比武会了。迫于无奈，亚瑟在无人监督的情况下握住剑柄，一下就拔出宝剑。当他把剑交给凯时，凯一眼就认出这把是石中剑，并将它转交给父亲爱克托。爱克托简直不敢相信自己的眼睛，他从未想过亚瑟能拔出这把宝剑。随后他将剑插回石中，但他和凯都无法将剑拔出，而亚瑟又一次轻而易举的拔出宝剑。由于亚瑟太过年轻，大贵族们不愿俯首称臣，他们多次让亚瑟当众拔出石中剑却仍不相信这是他们的真命天子。久而久之，人民开始认同亚瑟称王，他们反对贵族一再拖延时间。此后不久亚瑟就成为英格兰全境之王。

石中剑在与伯林诺王（Pellinore）的决斗中断裂。当时伯林诺王多次拒绝以剑相搏，只以长枪拼杀。前两次长枪比试二人平分秋色，第三次亚瑟王不幸落败。尽管伯林诺王一再强调他不愿比试剑法，不肯服输的亚瑟王最终还是拔出佩剑，经过一番死斗石中剑被伯林诺王斩断。当伯林诺王得知他的对手是亚瑟王时唯恐战败的亚瑟王事后伺机报复，心生畏惧的他企图当场斩杀亚瑟王以绝后患，幸有魔法师梅林（Merlin）相助亚瑟才逃过一劫。剑对于骑士尤为重要，亚瑟王在魔法师梅林的引导下来到一个湖畔，湖中仙女手握一柄宝剑，并将其举出水面赠与亚瑟王，这把宝剑就是断钢剑(Excalibur),亦称“湖中剑”。

虽然在很多地方石中剑和湖中剑被混为一谈，但石中剑是亚瑟王最初的佩剑，而湖中剑是亚瑟王在梅林指引下从湖中仙女手中所得。从另一个角度说，剑身上过于繁复而华丽的纹饰也不符合作战需要，所以它的作用在于在表明权利和地位。

在残存的古老亚瑟王传说中，关于剑的起源传奇分别有两个版本。“石中剑”传奇的原始起源来自于的诗歌魔法师“梅林”。

Geoffrey of Monmouth所写的《不列颠列王传》中说这把剑是在阿瓦隆铸造的并把本地语中的"Caledfwlch"加以拉丁化变成Caliburnus。之后他的著作传到欧洲大陆后变成Excalibur，其他中世纪的阿瑟王诗歌和编年史中的写法有： Calabrun, Calabrum, Calibourne, Callibourc, Calliborc, Calibourch, Escaliborc,和Escalibor。这些故事也影响到了以圣杯文化著名的拉丁圣经文化圈，起初这些传奇中还包括梅林韵文但是后拉丁圣经圈的作者们去掉梅林的部分，而加上自创的亚瑟王早期人生及Excalibur的来源。具体来说，在拉丁圣经圈中的《梅林传》中明确写到从石中拔出的剑就是Excalibur，但是后来的版本中变成此剑是从湖中仙女处得到。而《亚瑟王之死》将两个说法都写入从而产生两把剑。因此Excalibur就是石中剑。有观点认为“石中拔出剑”是在暗指冶金术。

## **Others 其他**

### **sublimation** **升华**

石中剑并不仅仅代表着君权神授，它同时代表着一位君王所应具有的品德。正如我们所看到的，当一群贪图地位和财富的井底之蛙妄想着成为英格兰全境之王时，石中剑拒绝了他们；当一位少年为了保护他兄弟的生命和荣誉而奔波时，石中剑祝福那位少年。亚瑟长大成人后上苍决定看看他能否忍辱负重，他辜负了上苍的期盼导致石中剑折断。即使这样上苍依然给了亚瑟王一个机会，梅林带着亚瑟王取得一把湖中剑。当梅林问亚瑟王喜欢剑还是剑鞘时亚瑟王选择了剑，这表明他并未接受伯林诺王带给他的教训，也表明他不是一个重视治国安邦的国王，这个抉择使他失去了上苍的庇佑，也为王朝的衰败埋下了种子。

1. ↑ The "hard magic sword" Caladbolg held by Fergus Mac Roich, the hero of Ulster legend in Celtic mythology, is considered to be one of the archetypal swords of Excalibur, the holy sword of King Arthur's legend. Excalibur is a holy sword that appeared with King Arthur, the legendary hero. Like the theme of the legend itself, it represents domination and destruction, so it is called the symbol of the power of heroes, namely, the "sword of the king". The steel breaking sword can be called the beginning of the famous sword tradition in later chivalry literature.

There are different opinions about the origin of Excalibur. Some legends say that it was extracted from the stone by King Arthur. But people generally agree that he got it from the spirit of the lake.
2. ↑ The Chosen One
3. ↑ Users can decide on their own and give them all-round gains. His sharpness and will can make the user invincible. When the user cannot reach the corresponding influence level, the sword in the stone will break.
4. ↑ scabbard
5. ↑ The scabbard of the holy sword never bleeds.
6. ↑ It is said that during the reign of King Arthur, Arthur Pendragon, Britain ushered in unprecedented unity and power. He helped the poor and helped the weak to establish a prosperous kingdom.

The Caliburn, which Arthur chose as the king when he was young, broke after a fight against King Pellinore that violated the spirit of chivalry. King Arthur regretted the loss of the holy sword. So Merlin, the great mage, guided him to the holy lake. The fairy in the lake held a sword and lifted it out of the water.

He got Excalibur, the holy sword called "King's Sword" from the Fairy of the Lake. The sword was forged by the spirit in Avalon. The sword was made of gold, and the hilt was inlaid with gems. Because its blade cut iron like mud, the Lady of the Lake named it "Excalibur" (meaning "breaking steel" in ancient Kelt language). King Arthur who held this sword won twelve important battles in ten years.

Merlin once told King Arthur, "Although the king's sword is powerful, its scabbard is more valuable than its sword. The scabbard wearing the king's sword will never bleed, and you must never lose it." But later Arthur lost his scabbard.

In the Battle of Camlan, King Arthur killed his nephew and cavalry rebel Mordred with an Excalibur (also known as the holy spear Rhongomyniad), but he was also fatally wounded. Finally, King Arthur ordered Bedivere to throw Excalibur into the holy lake and return it to the spirit of the lake, saying that he had discharged the national responsibility and chose to leave safely.

It is said that the dying King Arthur was carried to Avalon by three mysterious fairies in a boat. It is said that he was finally buried there, and his people believed that King Arthur was not dead, and he would come back again to save the world. The sword finally disappeared in the depths of the lake.
7. ↑ At that time, owning a large area of land could be called a king, so the king of England was used to specifically explain the rank of the throne. For example, Mark, the uncle of Tristram, the knight of the round table, is the king of Cornwall, and Cornwall is a part of England, which means that England has many kings.

当时拥有一大片土地便可称王，所以才用英格兰全境之王特别说明王位的等级。比如圆桌骑士特里斯坦(Tristram)的叔叔马克王（Mark）是康沃尔的王，而康沃尔是英格兰的一部分，也就是说英格兰有着众多王者。
8. ↑ According to records, nobles can only be knights at the age of 21.

根据记载贵族在21岁时才能被封为骑士。
9. ↑ The Sword in the Stone first appeared in a church on Christmas Eve, when people looked up after their confession and saw a sword inserted in a square stone. It was written in gold around: "Whoever can draw this sword from the stone platform and was born in England, he is the king of all England." ① When the people present tried to pull out the sword after Mass, no one could pull it out. So the bishop chose ten respected knights to guard the sword. In the New Year, the knights participate in the martial arts competition. Ector, the adoptive father of Arthur, took his son Kay to participate in the martial arts contest. Because Arthur was young and was not knighted, he did not participate. ② Careless Kai forgot to bring his sabre, which may cause him to be defeated and humiliated in the competition, even seriously injured. So he asked Arthur to ride to get the sword. When Arthur arrived at the lodging house, he found that the owner had locked the door to watch the martial arts competition. The disordered Arthur suddenly remembered the sword in the stone. He hurried to the church to draw his sword, only to find that ten sword guards had also gone to see the competition. In desperation, Arthur grasped the hilt of the sword without supervision and pulled out the sword. When he handed the sword to Kai, Kai recognized it as a sword in stone at a glance and handed it to his father, Aikto. Actor could not believe his eyes. He never thought that Arthur could pull out the sword. Later, he inserted the sword back into the stone, but neither he nor Kai could pull out the sword, and Arthur easily pulled out the sword again. Because Arthur was too young, the great nobles did not want to bow down. They asked Arthur to pull out the sword in the stone in public many times, but still did not believe that it was their true son. Over time, the people began to agree that Arthur was king, and they opposed the aristocrats to procrastinate. Soon after that, Arthur became the king of England.

The sword in the stone broke in the duel with Pellinore. At that time, the king of Belino refused to fight with sword for many times, and only fought with long spear. The first two long spear competitions were equally divided, and the third time King Arthur was unfortunately defeated. Although the king of Belino repeatedly stressed that he was unwilling to compete in the sword, King Arthur, who refused to surrender, finally pulled out his sabre and was cut off by the king of Belino after a deadly fight. When King Belino learned that his opponent was King Arthur, King Arthur, who was afraid of losing the war, waited for an opportunity to retaliate. He was afraid that he tried to kill King Arthur on the spot to avoid future trouble. Fortunately, Merlin, the magician, helped Arthur to escape. The sword is particularly important for the knight. King Arthur was led by the magician Merlin to a lake. The fairy in the lake held a sword and raised it out of the water to give to King Arthur. This sword is the Excalibur, also known as the "sword in the lake".

Although the sword in stone and the sword in the lake are confused in many places, the sword in stone is the first sword of King Arthur, and the sword in the lake was obtained by King Arthur from the fairy in the lake under the guidance of Merlin. On the other hand, the complicated and gorgeous patterns on the body of the sword do not meet the needs of war, so its role is to show power and status.

In the surviving legend of King Arthur, there are two versions of the legend about the origin of the sword. The original origin of the legend of "Sword in Stone" comes from the poetic magician "Meilin".

The Biography of the Kings of Britain written by Geoffrey of Monmouth said that the sword was forged in Avalon and Latin the local word "Caledfwlch" into Caliburnus. Later, his works spread to the European continent and became Excalibur. Other medieval Arthur poems and chronicles were written as follows: Calabrun, Calabrum, Calibourne, Calibourc, Caliborc, Calibourch, Escaliborc, and Escalibor. These stories also affected the Latin biblical cultural circle famous for the Holy Grail culture. At first, these legends also included Merlin verses, but the writers of the post Latin biblical circle removed Merlin's part, and added their own early life of King Arthur and the source of Excalibur. Specifically, in the Biography of Merlin in the Latin Bible circle, it is clearly stated that the sword pulled out of the stone is Excalibur, but in later versions, it was obtained from the fairy in the lake. And "Death of King Arthur" wrote both of them to produce two swords. So Excalibur is a sword in stone. Some people think that "pulling sword out of stone" implies metallurgy.