recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
(Book) Lumbard VII, a retrospective

Lumbard VII, ordained by the sun, king who is obliged upon. He faced an untimely death, but there is much that can we learn from his life and his rule, his leadership style, and his legacy.

Lumbard VII, above most things, was not concerned with minutiae of statemanship. His central tenet *obligé sur,* "obliged upon", holds that the monarch is entitled to anything and everything, that his subjects owe him the world. At face value, this paints a picture of a king obsessed with privilege and power. However, the reality of Lumbard's reign and personal philosophy are far more nuanced. Lumbard was obsessed with, above all else, enjoying his life and maximising the pleasurable opportunities that his station afforded him. He expected his subjects, especially his nobles, to deliver what he expected and demanded, and for them to manage his nation for him. To this end, Lumbard VII was a "hands off" ruler, outlining expectations but delegating responsibility and conditional autonomy to his nobles.

Quite notably, Lumbard VII took a surprisingly pragmatic approach to whom he afforded power. The Comte de Dandellion was a relatively unimportant noble at the start of Lumbard's reign, but by the end was afforded unprecedented levels of authority for someone of his rank; commanding the Royal Airship Force and being responsible for its maintenance, as well as leading in military diplomacy. How this came about is quite unusual amongst Aleurian monarchs; The king took a keen interest in airships from a young age and, recognising Dandellion as the centre of development for this technology, afforded the Comte increasing authority from the outset, where other kings may have 'relocated' or otherwise re-assigned responsibility over the technology. Lumbard was concerned less with family prestige and more with finding those whom could serve him and his desires most efficiently.
The Foul Book of N'Mitsk I'Shla'la

The Foul Book of N'Mitsk I'Shla'la is a heretical text thought to date to the Schism of Mesdames, which challenges several pre-Schism orthodoxies, including:

The only original copy of the Book known to survive was found in a hidden cellar in the library of the Abbey of the Many in Faithswell, Pem. The book was stored alongside a number of other heretical works. It is believed, based on archaeological evidence, that this so-called Heretic's Library was maintained by the monks with the aim of studying heresies with the aim of discrediting them. The library is also believed to be contemporary to the Schism, suggesting a flowering in unorthodox religious beliefs which the Church was keen to stamp out.

## Text

DO NOT READ DO NOT READ DO NOT READ

FOUL HERESIES LIE WITHIN

And lo did Palathonikus, that foul creature of the darkest pit, who slouches forward unto the gates of Kaladar, did drench his spirit in the baptism of the Unrighteous Flame. He who is the inheritor of Saktus. He who ate the moon, and drinks the stars into blackness. He who is the violator of the righteous minds, and who was there when LEM burned, when the Knights of Shadah did surrender themselves to the wisdom of the base and the depraved. He who tempted Beshalar and who was the first consort to Enderick of the Holy Woods Himself.

In the early days, before the burden of Lore and Law, there was the Tree of Iniquities, where all unwholesome Sins do grow. There in the garden of Kalesh did Enderick pluck the fruit of his vengeance against the unworthy MANY. Against the seething unorthodoxies of Man's righteous desires to be good. He sought the true path of the flowing stream over the rocks.

For what is easy is what is true. And just as the brother doth strike his sibling with a stone to release the jelly behind his skull, so doth the river flow. Without sympathy, but with complete order, in a manner of which the stars could not dare to reach for.

So it was that Palathonikus did ride towards the lowlands of Saktus, towards this Birthright. There, to meet with his father in the GROVE OF FORGOTTEN ANCESTORS. There to meet his Patrus in the place of his birth. There before his forebear, the Seed did speak the hymn that is without tune. Without sound. The hymn of the heart that is set in stone without alteration, which is given by ENDERICK to command and to obey with the fervence of a zealot.

He stood before his father and HE was with him in spirit in ill tidings. And so he did utter, with breathless tones, without taking breath:

Shalla

Shalla

N'Mitsk I'Shla'La.

End'er isk'u n'kela la'la

Beshu Kat'a.

And so did Palathonikus repeat until the blood did seethe at his mouth like the Brother's Fire, profaned at last. So the true ruler of the world did stumble from the dark into the darker darkness and find his feast.

The father did stand in shock with widened eyes, cried out some slight against the gods, and knew his son's true power was with the One in his shadowy majesty.
Railways of the Centrelands

The railways of the Centrelands is comprised of several railway companies, operating under the regulation of the Worshipful Company of Railway Workers (WCRW).

The major companies are: The Grand Trunk Railway and Prydowan Underground Railway (run by state operator Centrelands Railways), The Red Line Railway Company (a majority state-owned operator of the Free City of Rubellium), the Perpendicular Line Company plc., The Port and Provincial (P&P), Walden and Woleseat Ltd. (formerly part of the Grand Trunk Railway, sold to a consortium of private investors including the Woleseat Masterworks Institute and the Alphabet Group plc.), and the Eastern Blue Railway Ltd.

The major companies own most outright their respective track infrastructure, with the exception of Centrelands Railways, which operates on lines co-owned by the Pemblish government and the WCRW, and the Red Line, which operates on tracks majority-owned by the government of Rubellium as part of a 60:40 public-private partnership (PPP).

Access rights to specific lines are negotiated by infrastructure managers via the WCRW, which operates an exchange in which railway companies can obtain access to lines which they do not own. This has led to the emergence of additional open-access operators, which operate additional services on the network.

Notable beneficiaries of the system include Heathy-Sawpull-Fargo Cargo (HSFC), a private operator which runs freight services between Port of Newton and Pembleton, and the Ridgeley Necropolis Company (RNC), which operates regular night-time services on the Grand Trunk Railway for the transport of the recently deceased, between Pembleton and the Ridgeley. The RNC also maintains the short Necropolis Line branch, which connects Ridgeley with the Necropolis and enables a convenient journey for both new 'residents' and their visitors.
Duc de Boisroyeux

Duc de Boisroyeux is a title in the Aleurian nobility. Unlike the other Ducs of Aleuria this title is mostly customary, being given to the heir apparent to the reigning monarch of Aleuria. For this reason, in Province Boisroyeux the roles typically performed by an Aleurian Duc are instead performed by the Marchis de Boisroyeux.

## History of the title

Following the execution of the rebel Duc Bonné Boiseignuer, the title was stripped from his household and given to the royal heir apparent at the time. After the king realised his heir was incapable of handling the duties of Ducdom, he appointed a Marchis to look after the province. This arrangement has persisted into modernity.
Aleuria

Aleuria, formally The Kingdom of Aleuria, is a large nation in the eastern Centrelands. It is governed by an absolute monarchy. Its name is frequently misspelled by beef-eating foreigners as "Alleuria".

## The Kingdom of Aleuria

### Motto

Boire la mer, Louer le Soleil. ('Drink an Ocean, Praise the Sun')

## Art

Aleuria has a rich history of famous and acclaimed artists and artistic works. This rich artistic heritage has been greatly aided by Alleuria's kings, royalty, peerage and their the patronage of the arts. Numerous Alleurian kings have had famous paintings attributed to them.

Most famous among Aleurian artworks is "Ruines sur les Planes", quite possibly the most well known artwork in the Known World. It was painted by King Lumbard IV and is considered to be groundbreaking in its technique and detail and serves as a quintessential example of Aleuria's rich artistic history.
Religious Bank of Sotha

The Religious Bank of Sotha, commonly abbreviated as RBS, is a multinational banking and insurance holding company operated by the Holy Order of Saint Sotha, headquartered in Grand Duchy of Eparchia.

The bank is said to have been founded using gold taken by the knights during their crusades against the Ankhosian Empire. As a result, whilst other Centrelander banks may find business highly competitive in Ankhos's successor Raqqos, the Religious Bank of Sotha is the only one which is actively banned from trading there, along with any businesses which work with them. Despite this, the bank does extensive business across the Centrelands.
The Great Transmarch Railway

The Great Transmarch Railway (or *Groß Transmark Bahn* in Tall Kingdomish) is an inter-national railway that connects the city of Coltar in the Commonwealth of Pem to the Northern Free City of Wasmeinau-ist-Deinau, in Hansea.

### Funding

Tallylyn, Lord Titfield - Direct Financing

Zughansa -Gemeinschaftsunternehmen (Zughansa)

Merchant and Public - Loans

Merchant & Millners - SIBBonds

### Planning

The route was designed to go from Coltar in the CoP to WAsmeinau-ist-Deinau in Hansea, however there was much debate and planning of the precise route the route would go.

At the Pemblish end, the route passes through the mountain range to the East of Greytowers School. It was decided that, owing to the difficult navigati
Benoît Gendres

Benoît Gendres, Comte de Dandellion, is an Aleurian nobleman and military officer, serving as a marshal of Aleuria and vers le ciel. Gendres serve as the defacto second-in-command to the king in respect of the Aleurian airship fleet. As Comte of Dandellion, Gendres administers political and economic control over the Aleurian county of Dandellion, on behalf of the King.

In the 5th decade GE, Gendres formed a treaty between Drumpfton and Dandellion with ascent from Lumbard VII. Under the treaty, Aleurian airships and military personnel from Dandellion were permitted access to the town of Drumpfton. In return, a monthly airship service would be provided between the two settlements to transport civilian passengers and select cargo (such as samples of Drumpfton Alasian salt and materials for the university of Drumpfton). According to PIA reports, the alliance was proposed by Gendres with the intention of using Drumpfton as a forward base of operations in a search for the fabled sky island of Tortelli. Following the loss of the survey airship Jean-Claude de Dandellion, which was believed to be assigned to the search, it is unknown whether the alliance still exists.
Bumley-on-Zen

Bumley-on-Zen, better known as Bumley, is a village located in Sawdus Freehold in the Commonwealth of Pem. It is situated to the south-west of Pembleton, along the western high-road. Pembleton Illustrated News readers consistently vote Bumley as Pembleton metropolitan area's '*most disappointing place to live*'.

Despite its name, the village has very little access to the river it is named after, being largely perched on top of a hill. Originally settled as a satellite to Dry River and its sprawling fields, and situated along the Westbridge Road at what was once a critical halfway point for the stagecoaches of the pre-railway era, it later grew into a community for like-minded farm labourers, as well as the home of a thriving coaching inn - the Black Goat.

Following the construction of the Grand Trunk Railway and the subsequent decline of road traffic in the region, the inn later fell into decline and subsequently fell down. It was later rebuilt by the villagefolk as a pub, before subsequently falling down a second time due to the inexpertise of the carpenters involved in the project, and rebuilt again in its current form around 321BGE, when it was subsequently renamed as the Berry Bough.

The town is referenced in the Middle Pemblish saga 'The Song of Robert the Beagle', where the Rubellite hero Robert is said to have fought a 'tremendous serpent of unusual cunning'. Many modern Bumleyans are keen to make wry comments on the supposed resemblance between the serpent and local resort entrepreneur Walt Bumlin, particularly relating to his supposed connections with the parish council.
RSE Listed Shares Index

RSE (Rubellium Stock Exchange)

SSTC (South Seas Trading Company)

MMP (Maids Monthly Publishing Company)

MXMI (Maximillian Maido Industries)

RLR (Red Line Railways)

GOTC (The Grand and Regal Occidental Trading Company of Rubellium)

RWC (Ruby Warehouse Company)

UWS (United Warehouses)

COW (Cobblers of the World)

GSC (Gimme Some Cashola Inc.)

RCI (Rubellium Civilian Insurance Limited)

RBS (Religious Bank of Sotha)

DAAK (Dumme Ausländer Werden Alles Kaufen Company of Wasmeinau)

SCMI (Sapphire Coast Mercantile Insurance)

CMEI (City and Munincipalities Explosives Insurance Syndicate)

MACF (Mr Adams' Carrot Field)
Order of Steps (For beginners)

In order to make a good OS, there are some steps you must take to achieve this. This page will direct you to pages in the wiki (in an optimal order), so you can get started and learn Cosmos in an orderly, and easy fashion.

## Order of Steps

1. **What is an Operating System?**
2. **Getting Started - Materials and Setting Up**
3. **Making our OS - Command Line**
4. **Making our OS - Errors**
5. **Making our OS - Filesystem**
6. **Making our OS - Applications**
7. **Making our OS - Login System, Custom Installer, and System Files**
8. **Making our OS - Releasing**

## More basic information for beginners

A basic understanding of C# is needed, and only takes a quick youtube tutorial to understand certain basics that will make early steps in your journey easier.
Okari Kingdom

The Kingdom of Okar, or the Okari Kingdom, was an ancient civilisation whose seat of power was the city of Okar (now modern day Waysouth).

A militaristic nation which was one of the first to exercise conscription, Okar was known for its expansionist tendencies, as epitomised by its campaigns against the Prydowan Kingdom.

The kingdom was highly centralised, with the capital being unrivalled in terms of scale, splendour and power at its height. Modern historians suggest on this basis that Okar may be the "Niqqos" of Ankhari legend. This centralisation ultimately worked against them, as when the city was destroyed in 1135 BGE, the empire rapidly fell apart.

In the ensuing anarchy, warlords, many of whom had been soldiers of the Okari army, seized regional control, and what had previously been only mere frontier towns and colonies of the kingdom slowly developed into new powers. Many of these "Holds" grew to consume their smaller neighbours in the subsequent centuries, becoming the Mayorates which ultimately united to form the Lesser Kingdom.

At its height, the Okari kingdom covered a sizeable territory which stretched as far north as modern Pembleton, then known as Penabar ga Zennar (the "hold of the lake by the river"), or Penbar, and as east as Carnbrae. However, during the creation of the Coltar sewers, archaeological traces including pottery shards, jewellery and clay tablets written in Okari dialects suggest either Okari settlement further east than originally assumed, or close cultural interactions.

Trade across the northern holdings of the Okari kingdom was largely conducted via the Zen (formerly Zennar) river, with the majority of settlements lining the river, and boats travelling south from the river to the capital along the coast.
Hot Dog Mobile

The Hotdog Mobile is a car obtained by completing the achievement "Friend Master," which requires you inviting 10 friends to Nitro Type.  Each friend must do 20 races in order to be validated. Instead of inviting real friends, most racers just make their own alternate accounts and complete twenty races on them to achieve this, for a total of 200 races. Because there is a skin for it is likely it will return in the near future. \*NOTE\* This car is unavailable, and cannot be achieved.

Painting

A large section of the car is paintable.

* It once took 30 friends to invite to get this car till March 2012 when the 8 Bit Racer required 25 invited friends and bumped the Hotdog Mobile down to 10.
* The achievements were taken off Nitro Type at the release of Nitro Type 2.0.This car is achived by 0.1% of nitro type.
Vers Le Ciel

A vers le ciel (translation: *skywards*), commonly abbreviated as VC, is an Aleurian military title that permits the holder to captain or command an Aleurian airship. The positioned is personally bestowed by the King of Aleuria.

Vers le ciel are the only individuals, with the obvious exception of the king, permitted control of airships over Aleuria, regardless of whether they are civilian or military vessels. As a result, Alueria's airship industry is entirely controlled by the military. Special dispensation has been provided to airships run by Entreprise Les Freres Pontbeurrier for them to carry passengers on designated routes without the command or presence of a specific vers le ciel (legally, the captains of these ships temporarily possess a de jure vers le ciel title for the duration of the flight).

The title was created by Lumbard VII through the royal decree *par ma grâce, sous mon ciel* (translation: *by My grace, under My sky)*. Under the decree, all airships flying over Aleuria must be commanded by a vers le ciel. The wording of the act also forbids any Aleurian to captain or otherwise command an airship without the express permission of the King, or through the granting of the title vers le ciel. Nor should an Aleurian 'collaborate' with an airship that does not possess an appropriate captain, as defined by the decree. As a result, it is technically against the law for any Aleurian anywhere in the world to captain, help facilitate, or travel on an airship without a vers le ciel. However, this is not generally enforced, nor is it typically practical to do so.

## Military Hierarchy

The title solely provides the privilege of captaining or otherwise commanding an airship and has no bearing on other military hierarchy. A vers le ciel of any rank can command an airship, even should the most senior military officer aboard rank above them under normal circumstances (provided that officer is not also a vers le ciel). However, should two officers be vers le ciel, standard military hierarchy applies. Furthermore, the most senior officer can, even if not a vers le ciel, still issue orders to a vers le ciel - they simply cannot *directly* issue commands regarding the control of the airship (such as to the pilot or balloonist).
Llatidos

Llatidos is a village located in Prydow. Llatidos features some of Prydow's best surviving examples of traditional Prydowan round-houses. Llatidos is best known in Pem for featuring on the famous Festag postcard *Prydow in the Snow*.

Llatidos also features two distinct Tyrs, a smaller tyr at its southern entrance and another adjacent to the centre of the settlement, which forms part of the Prydowan Parrot Network. The village is connected to the Prydowan underground railway.

Although the village adheres to traditional Prydowan Green God worship it also features a maintained temple to the Red God, something unique across modern Prydow that has distanced itself from the Red God in the last millennium. The temple was built over a Prydowan holy site, the Mouth of the Red God, which is claimed to allow direct commune between the temple's high priest and the Red God himself.

Furthermore, only the temple's priests are allowed to enter, another unusual aspect of the site owing to Prydow's otherwise open religious worship. Many outsiders (from inside and outside of Prydow) travel to Llatidos in pilgrimage to the temple. However, ignorant Pemblish often cause arguments when attempting to gain access to the temple and have been banned from the village at various points in recent centuries.

The village is also home to a sizeable underground burial complex to the east of the village, in which the inhabitants of the Llatidos are interred when they pass away. Living people are forbidden from entering the complex except for the express purpose of laying a deceased villager to rest, and offerings are frequently left in the entryway to the tomb.

The village's patron folk heroes include Llagenwyn the White, Dwl Dwryn and Alyna of the Forest, for whom offerings are burned at their respective festivals, and who are believed to bestow wisdom, good fortune and success in love upon their followers, respectively.
WinForms Tutorial - Part 1

## Let's take a break

We've been making our operating system for a while, so let's take a break. But we're not done with coding. Let's take a look at WinForms. The main GUI Toolkit for Windows. WinForms is an interesting toolkit for building applications. It can be accessed by adding this in your code: `using System.Windows.Forms;`. Let's see what this has to offer.

## Setting up your project

Go to File>New>Project, go to Visual C#, and select Windows Forms Application. Create your project, name it whatever you want. I named it TutApp. You should see a screen pop up with a Window, Toolbox, Properties, and Solution Explorer. You can resize the Window (or form) to your liking. Over in the Toolbox, you'll see a variety of controls to choose from. The most simplest of these is the Button, the Label, the TextBox, and the MenuStrip. The button is self-explanatory. You click it. The Label displays text. That's it. The TextBox is used for user input, and the MenuStrip is the top bar that you see on every single application. With these things alone you can create an application. With one of each, you can create a text-editor! In the next lesson we will be showing you how.

## What's a text-editor?

You have it. I comes pre-installed with every operating system. Windows has Notepad, OS X has [I don't know!], and Linux has gedit. Microsoft Word is a text-editor, Notepad++ is a text editor. You name it, it's a text-editor. Let's continue with our operating system.
Queen Aretii of Ankh

Queen Aretii of Ankh (circa 1849BGE-1820BGE), known as Queen Aretii, or "*The Queen Laden in Gold"* was a Mesou queen who ruled over the Ankh region between circa 1835BGE and 1819BGE.

Aretii was known for her love of gold and wore ostentatious outfits made of gold plates and thread. She was considered a particularly cruel and sadistic ruler which culminated in a popular uprising against her in 1820BGE, where she was deposed by Ankhari tribal chief Katálexi. She was the last Mesou queen of Ankh.
Aleurian Nobility

## Titles

### Duc

Duke of a province. There are nine ducal titles for the nine provinces of Aleuria. The title of Duc of Province Boisroyeux has customarily been given to the heir apparent to the reigning monarch of Aleuria; their responsibilities as Duc are instead performed by the Marchis de Boisroyeux.

### Comte

Count of a county. Counties may not confirm to the borders of provinces. Several counties may exist within a province.
Making our OS - Releasing

## Finally, we are done!

After all this time, we are done with our operating system. Now all that's left to do is ready it for release.

## Preparing for Release

This is quite frankly the easiest part of OS making. All you have to do is click on tutOSBoot or whatever your OS is so that it is checked. Then, go to Project>Properties, and it should come up with your OS Boot properties. Click the button that says "ISO" and click Start. It should come up with the ISO Disk Image file in the "bin" folder of your OS. It is now ready for release!

## OS Extras Intro

I might as well introduce OS Extras, a mini series on little extras to enhance your operating system. This includes games, application installers, and Text-based GUI's. But for now, let's continue with WinForms.
Under the Hood - Rings

## Introduction

In this series, we will be looking under the hood of the Cosmos system, the framework for our OS. We will be looking at Hardware, Plugs, and their own language, X#. Let's start off with Rings.

## What are Rings?

> Rings are Cosmos's basic "security" feature. They restrict the actions of code so that less can go wrong. A code in a specific ring can only reference and thus use code in the adjacent rings.
>
>

> -Cosmos GitHub Wiki, *Rings*.
>
>
>
>

That's the official definition of rings from the official Cosmos wiki. There are four rings, and, as stated above, you can communicate with the ring next to it. The default ring for Cosmos is User, ring 3. Here is a list of the Cosmos rings:

0: Core

1: HAL

2: System

3: User

By adding another OS to your Solution, removing the Boot Project and Kernel class, adding `using Cosmos.Common; [assembly: Ring(Ring.HAL)]` in your AssemblyInfo.cs file, and linking it to your main OS, you have successfully created an operating system that can use the system hardware.

## So, why do this?

With out creating a link to the system hardware, you can't do even simple things like create a mouse! But that we will get to when we talk GUI. Let's get back to our main OS.

Categories:Browse
Malergrundisch

**Malergrundisch** is a wealthy coastal city-state in the north of the Hanseatic region. It is a member of the Tall Kingdom and Northern Alliance of States. It was the principle eastern port of the Great Kingdom, and a centre of trade across the Eastern Sea, with ships reaching as far as Shaoming and Relanar. After the collapse of the kingdom, the city became an independent state in its own right ruled by the Drachen family.

The city is well known for its architecture, including the formidable Drachenberg castle. Another unique feature are the city's rows of pretty, pink granite houses. According to local lore, hundreds of years ago the queen of the fairies emerged-naked-from her forest home to dance amongst the hills where Malegrundisch was later built. Ever since then, those rocks have blushed with embarrassment.

In more recent times, Malergrundisch has been the centre of a huge fortification project. Now, the city is surrounded on all sides by impressively modern star fortifications-the most modern anywhere in the world.
(Book) Interpreting the Calendar of Raqqos

*Interpreting the Calendar of Raqqos* is a handbook written by Mashid Shawadih-Wadih, Scholar of Numeralism at the Raqqos Academy, and Ignatius Filo, Professor of Occidental Studies at Watchtower College, Pembleton and Scholar Affiliate of the Archaeologist's Guild, in 51 GE, and published by the Raqqos Academy Press.

The book was written by the partners "in the interests of international understanding and brotherhood" in the words of Filo, and "because everyone kept getting the dates wrong, and we realised that if we wrote a book to make converting them easier we'd make bank", according to now-Consul Shawadih-Wadih.

The book covers the basics of how the Raqqosi dating system operates, its history and cultural significance. It also includes a conversion table at the back of the volume.

## Frontispiece

**INTERPRETING THE RAQQOSIAN CALENDAR**

By Mashid Shawadih-Wadih, RA, and Ignatius Filo, UOP, AG

51 G.E. (421st Silkworm)

1st Edition

Raqqos Academy Press

## Chapter I- Introduction

The Raqqosian calendar is not a recent invention, like the common standardised calendar widely used in the modern Centrelands, that of the "Great Era". Yet neither is it as unwieldy or culturally dependent as those of Oriental nations such as Pem or Alleuria's regnal calendars, or the three intersecting astrological calendars that were the invention of the High Astrologers of Peshwamanar.

By contrast, the calendar of Raqqos, and of their forebears the Ankhosi, is a splendidly simple affair, with only four official 'years' which are named after those things which the ancient citizens of Ankh, and which rotate in sequence.

These are:

1. The Year of Sun
2. The Year of Spice
3. The Year of the Silkworm
4. The Year of the City

The four-year cycle of these which the Raqqosian calendar is comprised of is commonly referred to by Raqqosians as an 'Olympiad'. It is thought that this name may be derived from an Argaivian root, 'Olympios'. 'Olym' meaning year, 'pios' meaning four. There are certainly similarities in what we know of the Argaivian dating system, which also relied on a four-year cycle. However the names of the years themselves are distinctly different from that of ancient Ankh, reflecting the wildly differing priorities of the two ancient civilisations.

All dates are written with reference to the number Olympiad they are part of, followed by the specific year of the cycle. For example:

325th (Olympiad) City (Year)

421st (Olympiad) Silkworm (Year)

That is:

325th City

421st Silkworm

## Chapter II- The Spirit of the Years

According to the ancient Solar Priests of Pazamath (Paramac), each year of the Olympiad could be characterised according to certain qualities or 'spirits' which it was said to possess. Which, if one was sufficiently educated in such holy matters, would allow through some manner of prophecy for one to predict the great events of the upcoming year.

In the temporal world, each year was also associated with its own religious festival, with their own distinct rituals and celebrations.
Making our OS - Applications

## Applications

Any OS needs a form of application running. Applications are programs that run specific functions. In this case, our OS can't run .exe files, which is the main application format for Windows (Called a DOS executable) and OS X. Linux uses ELF files for their executables, and we can't use that either. So what do we use? We will use C# Class files (.cs) to run applications. Programmers can create C# files, and put that in the Programs folder (or whatever folder within the OS folder; I chose to make a folder named "Programs").

## How to run programs

First, create a test program within your Solution. Name it whatever you want. Make the class public and static. Then, within the class, type the following code seen here:

```
public string AppName = "HelloWorldApp";

public static string AppDescription = "A Hello World test app.";
public static bool IsStable = true; //Change this to false when in Alpha or Beta

public static void Launch() {

     MainLoop();

}

private static void MainLoop() {

    Console.WriteLine("Hello World!");
    Console.ReadKey();
    Console.Write("Press any key to continue");
    Console.ReadKey();
    Close();

}

private static void Close() {

    Console.Clear();

}

```

In your Kernel class, make this command in your command line:

```
else if (input.StartsWith("run -a ")) {

    string app = input.Remove(0, 7);
    if (app == "HelloWorldApp") {
         HelloWorldApp.Launch();
    }

}

```

When you run your application, it should look like this:

[Insert Me Running HelloWorldApp]
Making our OS - Filesystem

## What is a filesystem and why need it?

A filesystem is the base for simple file input/output. The filesystem is the thing that stores files on your drive and read and writes to them. In Cosmos, we will be using the FAT (File Allocation Table) Filesystem. The FAT Filesystem is what Windows uses. It's recognizable by the lettered drives (in Cosmos, its numerical). Unix-based operating systems use a '/' as the root drive/directory. Now, let's get to adding the filesystem.

## Adding the FileSystem

Right before your BeforeRun() function, add the following lines of code:

```
Sys.FileSystem.CosmosVFS fs;
string current_directory = "0:\\";

```

And in your BeforeRun() function add this:

```
fs = new Sys.FileSystem.CosmosVFS();
Sys.FileSystem.VFS.VFSManager.RegisterVFS(fs);

```

Now you have a filesystem! When you boot your operating system, it will display a bunch of gibberish you don't need to know. That means it worked.

Next time we will make the basic command line for our operating system.
Steven Universe

## Biography

First Name: Steven

Middle Name: Quartz

Last Name: Universe

Nickname(s): Serious Steven (Himself, Garnet, Amethyst)

Warp Master (Himself)

Jam Bud (Connie)

Biscuit (Connie)

Little Man (Amethyst, Sugilite)

Shtoo-Ball (Greg)

Car Wash Kid (Mayor Dewy)

Wet One (Garnet, Himself)

Sad Sack (Amethyst, Himself)

Kiddo (Greg)

Little Stevie (Himself)

Steman (Amethyst)

Moon Boy (Amethyst, Himself)

Pebble (Peridot)

The Steven (Peridot)

Watermelajesty (Greg)

Little Bro (Lila)

Tiger Millionaire (Many)

Race: Half-Gem, Half-Human

Weapon(s): Shield

Gender: Male

Gender Pronouns: He/Him/His

Eyes: Black

Hair: Black

Affiliation(s): Crystal Gems, Beach City High School

Occupation(s): High School Student (season 1-4)

Crystal Gem

Wrestler (Secret)

Status: Alive

Portrayed By: Zach Callison

Friend(s): Crystal Gems, Connie Maheswaren (best friend), Onion, The Cool Kids, The Pizzas, The Frymans

Relative(s): Garnet (Guardian)

Pearl (Guardian)

Amethyst (Foster Sister)

Lila Garcia (Foster Sister)

Greg Universe (Father)

Rose Quartz (Mother)

Greg's Aunt (Great Aunt)

Greg's Uncle (Great Uncle)

Deb (Great Aunt)

Andy DeMayo (First Cousin, Once Removed)

Born: August 15th, 1997

Age: 13-14 (season 1)

14-15 (season 2)

15-16 (season 3)

16-17 (season 4)

17-18 (season 5)

18-19 (season 6)

19-20 (season 7)

20-21 (season 8)

21-22 (season 9)

22-23 (season 10)

23-24 (season 11)

24-25 (season 12)

25-26 (season 13)

26-27 (season 14)

27-28 (season 15)

Resides: Beach City, Delmarva, USA

Romances: Connie Maheswaren (Girlfriend/Best Friend)

Tara Finkle (Fling)

First Ep: First Day of School

Last Ep: Goodbye?

Grade: 9th (season 1)

10th (season 2)

11th (season 3)

12th (season 4)

Power(s): Shapeshifting, Healing Spit, Floating

Enemies: Kevin, Homeworld
Anthony M. Bertram

Anthony Michael Bertram to aktor filmowy i telewizyjny pochodzący z Queens w stanie Nowy Jork. Jako rodak z Nowego Jorku zaczął profesjonalnie występować w teatrze i lokalnych reklamach. Próbował też swoich sił w komedii wstającej, a każdy, kto go spotkał, zgadza się, że jest rzeczywiście materiałem na sitcom.
Jako major Business Administration na Uniwersytecie Adelphi na Long Island, Anthony kierował się do sektora korporacyjnego. To znaczy, aż do ostatniego roku, kiedy przyjął aktorstwo jako elekta klasowego, co sprawiło mu wielką przyjemność. Kiedy tydzień później został poinformowany, że musi ukończyć klasę statystyki, aby ukończyć szkołę, był tym bardziej rozczarowany, że musiał rzucić klasę aktorską. Chociaż już nie działał, dopiero zaczął odkrywać, że ziarno obrało „drogę”. Ukończył szkołę, ale jedyną działalnością, którą był zainteresowany, była rozrywka. Natychmiast rozpoczął trening i postawił na niespotykany dotąd wyczyn: solidną i stabilną karierę jako ... aktor !! Następnie studiował w Stuart Rogers Studio, Ward Studio-Meisner, NEC, Tasha Smith Studio i Lesly Kahn Studio. Wystąpił w filmach i programach telewizyjnych, w tym („Zwycięski” w Nickelodeon, „Henry Danger”, „Prawo i porządek”, „Deszczowy dzień”, „Lopez”) oraz w różnych przedstawieniach teatralnych („The Amen Corner”, „ Konwersacje z przeszłością ”i„ Zmieniająca się brandy ”). Ponadto wykonał lektor i prace komercyjne dla Sour Patch Kids, Invincibles, Alvin and The Chipmunks, Outback Steakhouse i Disney. Anthony uwielbia zarówno scenę, jak i ekran i mocno wierzy w transformacyjną siłę teatru - jako siły społecznej, politycznej, emocjonalnej i humanistycznej. Zagrał Policjanta Kogena w Niebezpiecznym Henryku.
Freehold of Pembleton

Pembleton Freehold is a freehold county located in the centre of Pem. It is divided into the four electoral wards of Pembleton Coolgate, Pembleton South, Abbey Heath and Rodrick's Bend.

The freehold is perhaps the smallest by landmass in Pem, rivalled only by the Freehold of Sawdus, however it still contains multiple settlements. Excluding the city of Pembleton itself, the freehold also encompasses the villages of Rodrick's Bend and Faithswell, as well as many notable landmarks such as the Abbey of the Many, the ancient Green and Red temples, as well as a wide range of watchtowers and ancient Prydowan ruins.

## History

Sawdus Freehold was split from the Pembleton Freehold during the civil war, due to the political divisions between the traditionally Royalist east of the freehold, and the Undercourt-supporting west.
OS Extras - Application Installer

## First, Some Context

Application Installers are what they say they do. They install applications directly onto your computer. You've used one at some point. The App Store/Google Play Store, Install Wizard on Windows, That app store thing on Linux, they're all application installers. Now let's get to building one.

## Building the App Installer

In the folder you store your apps, create a new app and call it AppLauncher. Then, in your kernel, create a command that allows you to open AppLauncher. Call it 'apps'. In your AppLauncher class, do the same thing we did with the HelloWorldApp;Treat it as if it were an actual app. I would recommend this in the MainLoop() function:

````
    Console.WriteLine("---AppLauncher---");
    Console.WriteLine("List of installed apps:");
    appList[0] = "\n"; /*I created a public string array named 'appList[]' at the top(256
    array lines)*/
    for (int i = 0;i > 256;i++) {
         Console.WriteLine(appList[i]);
    }
    Console.WriteLine("Select the app you want to launch: ");
    Console.Write("> ");
    string input = Console.ReadLine();

````

[In progress]
Cosmos (C-Sharp) Wiki

## Welcome to the Cosmos (C-Sharp) Wiki

This is the unofficial advanced guide to the Cosmos Framework. Cosmos stands for C# Open Source Managed Operating System. It is a SDK to translate .NET Languages to machine code (you heard that right!).
GitHub
Cosmos Website Gitter

## What is this about?

In this wiki, we will be getting you started with the Cosmos System and build our OS from the ground up. We will also looking under the hood of the Cosmos System as well as what Operating Systems do and their role in today's society.

Beginners should be able to follow along, as we will soon have a page to show you how to make an OS in order of steps. Fortunately, only some basic C# knowledge is required for this tutorial :)

## Who are we?

Well, to start off, it's not a we, but rather a guy in his basement. Laugh all you want, I have a life too. I get out of that basement, y'know. Anyway, I'm crazy in love with coding, and I believe that every one should know how to code at least a little. You don't need a graduates degree at MIT to learn how to code. It's real simple, and anyone can do it. So read away, as we explore the endless fun that is C# .NET

As it seems to have turned out, the original creator has not returned in a reasonable amount of time, so some fans and cosmos users have decided to take up the mantel of updating this Wiki to the best that it can be.
Getting Started - Materials and Setting Up

## Introduction

Finally, the time has come to setup the operating system. And what do need? A lot of things. Here's what they are. I have shortened the list to absolute basics.

First you need to choose between the User Kit and the Dev Kit. It is recommended that new users start with the User Kit but move later to the Dev Kit. The User Kit is a snapshot stable version of Cosmos including a ready made installer. The User Kits however often are quite a bit out of date as compared to the Dev Kit and is only occasionally updated.

The Dev Kit is the live source which the Cosmos Team develops directly against. The Dev Kit has the latest and greatest features, but at various times has known issues, and sometimes may not even build. Thus to use the Dev Kit be sure to join the Gitter channel and inquire about the current status before using the Dev Kit or updating it.

## Materials

### Prerequisites (Things to download first and install):

Userkit

* Visual Studio 2019 – Download
* Visual Studio 2019 Workload: .NET Core Tools – .NET Core cross-platform development
* .NET Framework 4.6.2 Developer Pack – Download
* VMWare Player Workstation 16 OR Bochs 2.6.x (Virtual Machine to run OS)

Devkit

* Cosmos (Click Download ZIP on the GitHub page)
* Inno Setup (To Download Cosmos)
* Patient Mind (Also A Must)

I put the last one in there because you definitely need it. Creating operating systems take time. So don't, please don't, give up in the next hour or two. Understand that coding is a skill acquired over time, and you might not get it at first. Please do note that this is NOT a tutorial on C# and that you should visit other tutorials on C# if you are just starting out.

## Setting Up

Userkit:

1. Download the latest release of Cosmos (download the exe file)
2. Wait for the download to complete then run the installer. Allow it to run as admin. Make sure VS2019 is NOT running when you do this.
3. Click “Next” then “Install”
4. Wait for the install to progress. Tip: At the end the installer may look like it has stalled, but it is still doing something in the background. WAIT for the “Finish” button to become available.
5. Cosmos should now be installed.

Devkit

Here is a video on how to install the Userkit. Follow the video, to see how to make your first Cosmos Project.

## What's that Virtual Machine word I saw?

Never fear little Jimmy! A Virtual Machine is a program that runs OSs over the current OS. There are two different type of virtual machines. Regular VMs are Virtual Machines that run the operating system with minimal to no hardware abstraction. Instead, in the guest OS, you have to install a program that does the hardware abstraction for the VM. The other type of Virtual Machine is the Virtual Emulator. A Virtual Emulator has it's own BIOS (Read about it somewhere else) and Hardware abstraction. I hope this clears everything up.
Making our OS - Command Line

## What is a command line?

Before we go any further, I want to clear up any confusion as to what a command line is. A command line is a basic user input interface where the user inputs a specific command, and the system executes a function based on that command. If you've ever used the command prompt in Windows or the Terminal in Mac, you would know what I'm talking about. Type `echo Hello World!` and the command prompt will "echo" `Hello World!` Let's continue.

## Creating the basic commands

I have a list of basic commands any command line should have, in my opinion:

* SHUTDOWN (-r): Shuts the computer down, -r will reboot.

* CLS/CLEAR: Clears the screen (Your choice)

* ECHO: Echoes a line of text.

* COLOR [Hexadecimal/Name]: Changes the color of the text (I prefer name, but you want to choose hexadecimal, I'm fine with it. If you don't know what hexadecimals are, look it up. It's really cool.)

* DIR: Lists the files and directories (I will show you how, along with the rest of the commands. You do need System.IO for some of these commands)

* CD: Goes to specified directory (Need System.IO)

* PRINT: Prints the file contents (Doesn't run executables)

* WRITE/(Name of Writing Application): Writes text to a file (WRITE can be substituted with the name of your writing application, if you have one)

All of these commands and descriptions can be combined into one HELP command to give the user a list of commands.

## Command Line

Put this in your Run() Statement:

```
Console.Write(current\_directory + "> ");
string input = Console.ReadLine();

```

## Echo Command

In your Run() Statement, instead of doing::

```
if (input == "echo ")

```
do:

```
if (input.StartsWith("echo ")) {Console.WriteLine(input.Remove(0, 5));}

```

## DIR Command

First, put this in the Run() :

```
string[] dirs = GetDirFadr(current\_directory);

```

A foreach statement like this will list all items in the files directory

```
foreach (var item in dirs) {

```

```
    Console.WriteLine(item);

```

```
}

```

This won't do much yet because we haven't made the filesystem yet.

After your Run() add this code

```
private string[] GetDirFadr(string adr) // Get Directories From Address

```

```
{

```

```
    var dirs = Directory.GetDirectories(adr);

```

```
    return dirs;

```

```
}

```

Then you are good to go, just know, the dir command won't work unless you have done the FileSystem.

## Shutdown (without -r)

Use the following code:

```
Sys.Power.Shutdown();

```
`//You can put an if.. else.. statement or a switch (input) function. Which ever you prefer`

If you did all of this correctly, when you boot up your OS, it should come up with `0:\> _`. Then, you can type HELP, or another function, and watch the magic happen.
What is an Operating System?

## So, what exactly is an OS?

To put it simply, an operating system is an interface that interacts with the hardware. An operating system doesn't have to be real fancy, it just has to work. The most common examples of operating systems are iOS (or Android) and Windows. iOS (iPhone Operating System) is the most used operating system on phones, next to Android. It's file system, or the "thing" that stores files on the hard-drive, is not accessible, but it doesn't need to be. Windows is the most commonly used operating system of all time (Mostly because Microsoft had a monopoly on OSs in the 90's (Thank's Bill!)). It's file system is accessible, everybody knows that (File Explorer). Other OS's include Mac OS X, Linux, and the sea of open source OSs on GitHub.

## Why care about building an OS?

It may seem like this is a time waster, or a clock watcher, if you will (I have a word-a-day calendar), but by making your operating system, you just contributed to the never-ending field of technology. And that feeling that you get when click the Create Project button is extraordinary. Operating Systems are everywhere, and it can feel amazing to create one! So let's get started and contribute to technology.
Infusion des Lichts

Die Infusion des Lichts ist eine der 4 Infusionen in Witcherycraft.

## Vorbereitung

Um die Infusion des Lichts zu erhalten, muss man zuerst einmal einen Altar, goldene Kreide und rituelle Kreide besitzen. Zudem sollte man sich eine an sich selber gebundene **Todesschutzpuppe** in das Inventar legen, da die Infusion ohne die Puppe tödlich wäre.

Mit einer **Altar Power von 2000** und einem **kleinen**, sowie einem **mittleren** Kreis aus ritueller Kreide kann die Infusion durchgeführt werden. Nun wird nur noch der Geist des Lichts benötigt und die Infusion ist bereit.

* Altar-Power 2000
* Todesschutzpuppe
* kleiner, mittlerer Kreis
* Geist des Lichts

## Fähigkeiten

### ...für die Hexenhand

* *Rechtsklick halten*: **Unsichtbarkeit** (nur so lange, wie gehalten wird)
* *Shift-Recktsklick auf die Oberseite eines Blocks*: **Barriere**, welchle nicht durchbrochen werden kann, außer vom Benutzer
* *Shift-Rechtsklich auf die Seite eines Blocks*: **Brücke**, welche den Block mit einem anderen verbindet.
* *Shift-Rechtsklick auf einen Spieler/ Mob:* **Käfig**, in dem Mob oder Spieler eingeschlossen wird.
* *Linksklick auf Spieler/ Mob:* Reißt Mob/ Spieler in die **Luft** und schließt ihn in eine **Barriere** ein.
Geisterportal

Das Geisterportal erlaubt einem erfahrenen Magier, aus der Geisterwelt heraus die echte Welt als Unsichtabrer zu erkunden. Dies aber nur für begrenzte Zeit. Auch ist der Weg zu diesem Portal hin weit.

Um das Portal zu erschaffen, musst du in der Geisterwelt ein 4x4 großes Portal aus Schneeblöcken bauen und schließlich ein Gebräu des fließenden Geistes auf es werfen. Du kannst dieses Portal aber erst betreten, wenn du einen Ritus der Manifestation durchgeführt hast.

## Benötigt

 Gebräu des fließendes Geistes
* Fantasievoller Faden
* Wasserartischockenkugel
* Alraunenwurzel
* Spanisches Moos
* Schimmergras
 Ritus der Manifestation | * Anderweltenkreide
* Spektraler Staub
* Geschmolzene Gier
* Necromantischer Stein
* Goldspitzhacke
* Artana
* Schwarzpulver
Witcherycraft Wiki

## Willkommen im Wiki

Willkommen im Wiki. Wir sind eine Community-Webseite über das Thema *Witcherycraft Wiki* das jeder, auch du, bearbeiten kann. Klicke auf den Mitmachen-Knopf, den du auf jeder Seite oben rechts finden kannst, und leg los!

## Beschreibe dein Thema hier

Das ist ein Beispieltext, den du mit der Beschreibung deines Themas ersetzen kannst. Dieser Text soll Lesern erklären, worum sich dein Thema dreht (zum Beispiel über das Videospiel, die TV-Serie, ...)

## Vorgestellt

Füge hier Inhalte ein, die du gerne vorstellen möchtest! Zum Beispiel ein Video, ein Bild oder einen besonders guten Artikel.

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