Green-brown alliances

The green-brown alliances are a complex ecosystem with infiltration into anarchist circles, democratic socialist circles, social democratic circles and Marxist circles. There is already plenty of information available about green-brown alliances in anarchist, non-ML Marxist and social democratic spaces. Sometimes eco-fascists will also adapt Lenin’s ideas and his successors (eg. Stalin, Mao, Guevara etc). Listed below are the many ways how eco-fascists rationalize justification for co-opting those ideas.

## **Green-Brown Alliances**

* “Linkolan ekonatsismi” kirjoittanut J P Ross https://web.archive.org/web/20180801235830/http://www.mv.helsinki.fi/home/jproos/linkola.htm [FI]
* “COVID-19 is No Blessing in Disguise” by Søren Hough https://www.thecommoner.org.uk/covid-19-is-no-blessing-in-disguise/ [EN] (British anarchist publication)
* "Humans are not the Virus: Why Ecofascism is Bad for You" by Pınar Üzeltüzenci https://www.mangalmedia.net/english/humans-are-not-the-virus-why-ecofascism-is-bad-for-you [EN]
* "Eco-Fascism: More than Tree-Loving Terrorists" by Friederike Wegener https://gnet-research.org/2021/01/06/eco-fascism-more-than-tree-loving-terrorists/ [EN]
* "In ‘Far-Right Ecologism’, European Extremists Pursue Broader Appeal" by Vladan Djukanovic, Jelena Djureinovic and Predrag Momcilovic https://balkaninsight.com/2020/10/23/in-far-right-ecologism-european-extremists-pursue-broader-appeal/ [EN]
* "There’s Nothing Anarchist About Eco-Fascism: A Condemnation Of ITS" by Scott Campbell https://itsgoingdown.org/nothing-anarchist-eco-fascism-condemnation/ [EN]; https://earthfirstjournal.org/newswire/2017/05/15/theres-nothing-anarchist-about-eco-fascism-a-condemnation-of-its/ [EN]

### **Related pages**

* Anti-immigration
* Environmental
* Populism

### **Research articles**

* “Confronting the Rise of Eco-Fascism Means Grappling with Complex Systems” by Alexander Ross Reid and Emmi Bevensee http://www.radicalrightanalysis.com/2020/07/07/carr-research-insight-series-confronting-the-rise-of-eco-fascism-means-grappling-with-complex-systems/ [PDF, 2MB, EN]
* “Confronting Carbon Inequality: Putting climate justice at the heart of the COVID-19 recovery” https://oxfamilibrary.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10546/621052/mb-confronting-carbon-inequality-210920-en.pdf [PDF, 608kb, EN]
* “Environmental Ethics and Linkola’s Ecofascism: An Ethics Beyond Humanism” by Evangelos D. Protopapadakis http://scholar.uoa.gr/sites/default/files/eprotopa/files/25.\_evangelos\_d.\_protopapadakis\_environmental\_ethics\_and\_linkolas\_ecofascism\_an\_ethics\_way\_beyond\_humanism.pdf [PDF, 252kb, EN]
* "How a network of conservationists and population control activists created the contemporary US anti-immigration movement. Endeavour" by Sebastian Normandin and Sean A. Valles https://sci-hub.st/10.1016/j.endeavour.2015.05.001 [PDF, 1.25MB, EN]
* "'Oh, What a Tangled Web We Weave': The Triangulation of Environmentalism, Population Growth, and Immigration in the U.S" by Susan A. Bergerhttp://rhpsnet.com/journals/rhps/Vol\_4\_No\_2\_December\_2016/1.pdf [PDF, 152kb, EN]
* "‘Ecobordering’: casting immigration control as environmental protection" by Joe Turner and Dan Bailey https://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/627845/3/09644016.2021.pdf [PDF, 2MB, EN]

### **News articles**

* “Why eco-austerity won’t save us from climate change” by Leigh Phillips https://theguardian.com/science/political-science/2015/nov/04/why-eco-austerity-wont-save-us-from-climate-change [EN] (owned by Scott Trust Limited)
* “„Es hilft nicht, Kameraden zu erschießen“” von André Anwar https://www.tagesspiegel.de/meinung/pentti-linkola-es-hilft-nicht-kameraden-zu-erschiessen/1094076.html [DE]
* “Eco-fascism is undergoing a revival in the fetid culture of the extreme right” by Jason Wilson https://www.theguardian.com/world/commentisfree/2019/mar/20/eco-fascism-is-undergoing-a-revival-in-the-fetid-culture-of-the-extreme-right [EN] (owned by Scott Trust Limited)
* “An alternative to the new wave of ecofascism” by Micah White https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/cif-green/2010/sep/16/authoritarianism-ecofascism-alternative [EN] (owned by Scott Trust Limited)
* “Understanding the Alt-Right's Growing Fascination with 'Eco-Fascism'” by Tom Bennett https://www.vice.com/en/article/vbw55j/understanding-the-alt-rights-growing-fascination-with-eco-fascism [EN] (prone to gonzo journalism)
* “Pentti Linkola: Rajat pitäisi sulkea ja kehitysapu lakkauttaa” kirjoittanut Annina Vainio https://www.hs.fi/kulttuuri/art-2000005328364.html [FI]
* “Pekka Sauri arvioi Pentti Linkolan elämäkerran: Kun Persianlahden sota syttyi, Linkola toivoi ‘huomattavaa tappamista’” kirjoittanut Pekka Sauri https://www.hs.fi/kulttuuri/art-2000005327906.html [Fi]
* “Linkola ihannoi natsismia Yliopistojulkaisussa” https://www.ts.fi/uutiset/kotimaa/1074087612/Linkola+ihannoi+natsismia+yliopistojulkaisussa [FI]
* Vaikutusvaltainen ja vaitelias lehtimoguli Aatos Erkko” kirjoittanut Elina Yli-Ojanperä https://yle.fi/aihe/artikkeli/2012/05/09/vaikutusvaltainen-ja-vaitelias-lehtimoguli-aatos-erkko [FI]
* “Pentti Linkolalle terrorismi on iloinen asia” kirjoittanut Jukka Lindfors https://yle.fi/aihe/artikkeli/2007/01/19/pentti-linkolalle-terrorismi-iloinen-asia#media=18153 [FI]
* “Tutkija tyrmää Pentti Linkolan ‘todellisuuspakoiset’ ajatukset: ‘Niitä ovat viljelleet äärioikeistolaiset tai uskonnolliset fundamentalistit” kirjoittanut Jussi Lehmusvesi https://www.hs.fi/kulttuuri/art-2000005329512.html [FI]
* “Pahamaineinen natsijohtaja lomaili salaa ihannoimassaan Suomessa – Yksityiskokoelmasta löytyi harvinaisia kuvia Heinrich Himmleristä” kirjoittanut Olli Koikkalainen https://www.aamulehti.fi/a/200288419 [FI]
* “Bland Auvinens vänner var det extrema normalt” http://www.dn.se/nyheter/varlden/bland-auvinens-vanner-var-det-extrema-normalt/ [SV] (archived: http://archive.is/kRNIZ)
* “Ampujan kotona ihailtiin Linkolan ajatuksia” kirjoittanut Hannu Miettunen https://www.ts.fi/uutiset/kotimaa/1074239266/Ampujan+kotona+ihailtiin+Linkolan+ajatuksia [FI]
* "The climate crisis will create two classes: those who can flee, and those who cannot" by Peter Gleick https://theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/jul/07/global-heating-climate-crisis-heat-two-classes [EN] (owned by Scott Trust Limited)
* "'Part of life': B.C. premier walks back comments on heat wave after facing backlash" https://bc.ctvnews.ca/part-of-life-b-c-premier-walks-back-comments-on-heat-wave-after-facing-backlash-1.5491572 [EN]
* "B.C. premier walks back comments about heatwave deaths" by Denise Wong https://www.citynews1130.com/2021/06/29/bc-premier-heatwave-deaths/ [EN]
* "BC’s Heat Wave Turns Deadly" by Jen St. Denis https://thetyee.ca/News/2021/06/30/BC-Heat-Wave-Turns-Deadly/ [EN]
* "Canada heatwave: Politician under fire for saying ‘fatalities are part of life’ amid deadly temperatures" by Chantal da Silva https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/john-horgan-canada-heatwave-deaths-b1876311.html [EN]; https://ca.news.yahoo.com/canada-heatwave-politician-under-fire-131931632.html [EN]
* "India's dark history of sterilisation" by Soutik Biswas https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-30040790 [EN] (British state-owned media)
* "Eco-fascists and the ugly fight for 'our way of life' as the environment disintegrates" by Jeff Sparrow https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/nov/30/eco-fascists-and-the-ugly-fight-for-our-way-of-life-as-the-environment-disintegrates [EN] (owned by Scott Trust Limited)
* "Beware far-right arguments disguised as environmentalism" by Marc Hudson https://theconversation.com/beware-far-right-arguments-disguised-as-environmentalism-134830 [EN]
* "Does Extinction Rebellion have a race problem?" by Daiman Gayle https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/oct/04/extinction-rebellion-race-climate-crisis-inequality [EN] (owned by Scott Trust Limited)
* "Le Pen's National Rally goes green in bid for European election votes" by Aude Mazoue [EN]; "Élections européennes : le RN repeint ses idées en vert" par Aude Mazoue https://www.france24.com/fr/20190419-europeennes-rassemblement-national-vert-manifeste-marine-le-pen [FR] (French state-owned media)
* "AfD-Jugend meutert gegen Klimaleugner" https://www.n-tv.de/politik/AfD-Jugend-meutert-gegen-Klimaleugner-article21054615.html [DE] (owned by Bertelsmann Stiftung)
* "Berliner AfD-Jugend rebelliert gegen Leugnung des Klimawandels" von
* "AfD-Jugend entdeckt das Klima" von Maria Fiedler und Robert Kiesel https://www.tagesspiegel.de/berlin/nach-der-europawahl-afd-jugend-entdeckt-das-klima/24392390.html [DE]
* "Berliner AfD-Jugend will grüner werden" von Markus Wehner https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/nach-der-europawahl-berliner-afd-jugend-will-gruener-werden-16210600.html [DE] (owned by Fazit-Slitlung, liberal-conservative)
* "AfD-Jugend fordert Kurswechsel beim Klimaschutz" https://www.t-online.de/nachrichten/deutschland/parteien/id\_85835026/afd-jugend-fordert-kurswechsel-beim-klimaschutz-zum-beispiel-ein-kind-politik.html [DE]
* "Berliner AfD-Jugend rebelliert gegen Leugnung des Klimawandels" von Matthias Kamann https://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article194321453/Nach-Europawahl-Berliner-AfD-Jugend-gegen-Leugnung-des-Klimawandels.html [DE]
* "AfD-Jugend fordert eigene Partei zum Klima-Kurswechsel auf" https://web.archive.org/web/20200123140624/https://www.rbb24.de/politik/wahl/Europawahl/beitraege/afd-kurswechsel-klimapolitik-junge-alternative-berlin.html [DE]
* "Sierra Club Says It Must Confront the Racism of John Muir" by Lucy Tompkins https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/22/us/sierra-club-john-muir.html [EN] (archived: https://archive.ph/fw5NO, New York Times Company)
* "The far right is weaponizing climate change to argue against immigration" by Jariel Arvin https://www.vox.com/22456663/arizona-environment-immigration-climate-change-right-wing (owned by Vox, Inc., left-liberal)
* "Extremist Heimbach To Relaunch Hate Group, Says He Supports Violence" by Mark Greenblatt and Lauren Knapp https://www.newsy.com/stories/extremist-heimbach-to-relaunch-hate-group-supports-violence-3/ [EN] (mentions his pro-environmental stances)
* "French National Front launches nationalist environmental movement" by Arthur Neslen https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/dec/18/french-national-front-launches-nationalist-environmental-movement [EN]
* "German far-right extremists tap into green movement for support" by Kate Connolly https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/apr/28/germany-far-right-green-movement [EN]
* "France’s Far Right Wants to Be an Environmental Party, Too" by Norimitsu Onishi https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/17/world/europe/france-far-right-environment.html [EN] (archived: https://archive.is/Oow4a, owned by New York Times Company)
* "Local Green Group Actually a Front for Far-Right Activists" by Simon Childs https://www.vice.com/en/article/93wkk7/generation-identity-uk-local-matters-far-right [EN] (prone to gonzo journalism)
* "Amid the Kale and Corn, Fears of White Supremacy at the Farmers’ Market" by Jack Healy https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/18/us/indiana-farmers-market-white-supremacy.html [EN]'(archived: https://archive.is/h5JxC, owned by New York Times Company)
* "Braune Bio-Kameradschaft" von Christian Pfaffinger https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/rechtsextreme-entdecken-den-umweltschutz-a-814893.html [DE]
* "The rising threat of eco-fascism: Far right co-opting environmentalism to justify anti-immigration and anti-Semitic views" by Louise Boyle https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/ecofascism-immigration-anti-semitism-b1819718.html [EN]
* "Rating humanity" by Brendan O'Neill https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2007/nov/14/ratinghumanity [EN] (owned by Scott Trust Limited)

### **Magazine articles**

* “Eco-fascism: The ideology marrying environmentalism and white supremacy thriving online” by Sarah Manavis https://www.newstatesman.com/science-tech/social-media/2018/09/eco-fascism-ideology-marrying-environmentalism-and-white-supremacy [EN]
* “Petäyksen vieraskirja kertoo” kirjoittanut Anto Leikola http://web.archive.org/web/20070927043623/http://www.tyrvanto.net/tyrvantoseura/joululehti/leikola99.htm [FI]
* “Toisinajattelun tuttuus” kirjoittanut Ville Lähde https://www.elonkeha.com/2017/08/20/toisinajattelun-tuttuus/ [FI]
* “Sanasta miestä” kirjoittanut Tuomas Rantanen https://voima.fi/arkisto-voima/sanasta-miesta/?\_view=1604077651 [FI]
* “Linkolan eksymys” kirjoittanut Jaakko Anhava https://journal.fi/tt/article/view/4013/3769 [PDF, 264kb, FI]
* “Anhavan kiukunpurkaus” kirjoittanut Pentti Linkola https://journal.fi/tt/article/view/4255/3969 [PDF, 314kb, FI] (WARNING!- Nazi apologia, genocide apologia, GULAG apologia)
* “How to Justify a Crisis” by Nick Riemer https://www.jacobinmag.com/2015/10/refugee-crisis-europe-zizek-habermas-singer-greece-syria-academia/ [EN]
* “Now Peter Singer Argues That It Might Be Okay To Rape Disabled People” by Nathan J. Robinson https://www.currentaffairs.org/2017/04/now-peter-singer-argues-that-it-might-be-okay-to-rape-disabled-people [EN] (WARNING!- written by a shitlib who doesn’t understand libertarian socialism or anarchism)
* “Grønn fascisme og folkemord for planeten – miljøvern ytterst til høyre” Lasse Josephsen https://fritanke.no/gronn-fascisme-og-folkemord-for-planeten-miljovern-ytterst-til-hoyre/19.11232 [NO]
* “It’s not ‘Ecofascism’—It’s Liberalism” by Samuel Miller Macdonald https://www.currentaffairs.org/2020/03/its-not-ecofascism-its-liberalism [EN]
* "Unspeakable Conversations" by Harriet McBryde Johnson https://www.nytimes.com/2003/02/16/magazine/unspeakable-conversations.html [EN]
* "Open Borders Must Be Part of Any Response to the Climate Crisis" by Ben Ehrenreich https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/climate-change-refugees-open-borders/ [EN]
* "The regrowth of eco-fascism" by David Lawrence https://www.hopenothate.org.uk/magazine/climate-change-far-right/the-regrowth-of-eco-fascism/ [EN]
* "Yosemite Finally Reckons with Its Discriminatory Past" by Jake Bullinger
* https://www.outsideonline.com/outdoor-adventure/environment/yosemite-national-park-native-american-village-miwuk/ [EN]
* "Environmentalism's Racist History" by Jedediah Purdy https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/environmentalisms-racist-history [EN]
* "Naomi Klein: ‘We Are Seeing the Beginnings of the Era of Climate Barbarism’" by Natalie Hanman https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/climate-change-naomi-klein/ [EN]
* "Why White Supremacists Are Hooked on Green Living" by Sam Alder-Bell https://newrepublic.com/article/154971/rise-ecofascism-history-white-nationalism-environmental-preservation-immigration [EN] (archived: https://archive.ph/91Jeg)
* "When Wilderness Was Strictly Whites-Only" by Louise Fabiani https://psmag.com/news/when-wilderness-was-strictly-whites-only [EN]
* "The European Far Right’s Environmental Turn" by Kate Aronoff https://www.dissentmagazine.org/online\_articles/the-european-far-rights-environmental-turn [EN]
* "Blood and Vanishing Topsoil" by Alex Amend https://www.politicalresearch.org/2020/07/09/blood-and-vanishing-topsoil [EN]
* "When Environmentalism Meets Xenophobia" by Gaby Del Valle https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/environment-climate-eugenics-immigration/ [EN] (archived: https://archive.ph/nElvC)
* "The Siege of the Sierra Club" by Rebecca Solnit https://www.motherjones.com/environment/2004/03/siege-sierra-club/ [EN] (owned by Foundation for National Progress)
* "Anti-Immigration White Supremacy Has Deep Roots in the Environmental Movement" by Susie Cagle https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2019/08/anti-immigration-white-supremacy-has-deep-roots-in-the-environmental-movement/ [EN] (owned by Foundation for National Progress)
* "How a Notorious Racist Inspired America’s National Parks" by Richard Conniff https://www.motherjones.com/environment/2016/07/anniversary-national-parks-racist-history-madison-grant/ [EN]
* "The legacy of India’s quest to sterilise millions of men" by Hannah Harris Green https://qz.com/india/1414774/the-legacy-of-indias-quest-to-sterilise-millions-of-men/ [EN]
* "What Just Happened in Europe?" by David Adler https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/european-parliament-elections-left-green/ [EN] (archived: https://archive.ph/gAAKT)
* "The rise of eco-fascism" by Katia Patin https://www.codastory.com/waronscience/the-rise-of-eco-fascism/ [EN]
* https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/unterwanderung-des-biolandbaus-durch-rechtsextreme-idylle-in-gruen-braun-1.1332321 [DE]
* "Eco-fascism: The Rhetoric of the Virus" by Jay Fraser https://organisemagazine.org.uk/2020/04/24/eco-fascism-the-rhetoric-of-the-virus-theory-and-analysis/ [EN]
* "The Climate Movement Must Be Ready To Challenge Rising Right-Wing Environmentalism" by Sam Knights https://www.jacobinmag.com/2020/11/climate-change-right-wing-environmentalism-alt-right-eco-fascism [EN]
* "The roots of organic farming lie in fascism" by John Toohey https://www.macleans.ca/opinion/the-roots-of-organic-farming-lie-in-fascism/ [EN]
* "Nature writing’s fascist roots" by Richard Smyth https://www.newstatesman.com/culture/books/2019/04/eco-facism-nature-writing-nazi-far-right-nostalgia-england [EN] (archived: https://archive.ph/wCW2y)
* "Effective Altruism and Disability Rights are Incompatible" by Ari Ne'eman http://nosmag.org/effective-altruism-and-disability-rights-are-incompatible-peter-singer/ [EN]

### **Statements**

* " «ITS o la retórica de la decadencia» (Pronunciamiento conjunto de grupos insurreccionales en el territorio mexicano)" https://vozcomoarma.noblogs.org/?p=17406 [ES]; "‘ITS, Or The Rhetoric of Decay’ (Joint Statement of Insurrectional Groups in Mexican Territory)" https://web.archive.org/web/20171117181721/https://insurrectionnewsworldwide.com/2017/08/04/its-or-the-rhetoric-of-decay-joint-statement-of-insurrectional-groups-in-mexican-territory/ [EN]; https://web.archive.org/web/20210124014952/https://325.nostate.net/2017/08/03/its-or-the-rhetoric-of-decay-joint-statement-of-insurrectional-groups-in-mexican-territory/ [EN]

### **Blog posts**

* “Pentti Linkola – fasistien legenda” kirjoittanut Taneli Viitahuhta https://tutkijaliitto.wordpress.com/2017/11/23/pentti-linkola-fasistien-legenda/ [Fi]
* “Fasisti kansakunnan kaapin päällä” kirjoittanut Veikka Lahtinen https://lahtinenveikka.wordpress.com/2017/11/07/fasisti-kansakunnan-kaapin-paalla/ [FI]
* “Riitta Kylänpää: Pentti Linkola – ihminen ja legenda” kirjoittanut Esa Mäkijärvi https://blogit.apu.fi/merkintoja/riitta-kylanpaa-pentti-linkola-ihminen-ja-legenda/ [FI]
* “Väestönkasvun perusasiat haltuun” kirjoittanut Ville Lähde https://bios.fi/vaestonkasvun-perusasiat-haltuun/ [FI]
* “The Blind Spots of Eco-fascist Linkola” by Olli Tammilehto and translated by Timo Vuorio http://www.tammilehto.info/english/linkolablind.php [FI]
* “Ekofasismista ekohumanismiin” kirjoittanut Olli Tammilehto http://www.tammilehto.info/ekohumanismiin.php [FI]
* “Linkolan haaste: suuri ekologis-yhteiskunnallinen muutos” kirjoittanut Olli Tammilehto http://www.tammilehto.info/linkolasuurmuut.php [FI]
* “Miksi Arne Næss ei ole Norjan Pentti Linkola?” kirjoittanut Olli Tammilehto http://www.tammilehto.info/naess.php [FI]
* "The Christchurch massacre and fascist revolutionary politics" by Matthew N Lyons http://threewayfight.blogspot.com/2019/04/the-christchurch-massacre-and-fascist.html [EN]

### **Encyclopedia**

#### **Events**

* “Mäntsälän kapina” https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A4nts%C3%A4l%C3%A4n\_kapina [FI]; “Mäntsälä rebellion” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A4nts%C3%A4l%C3%A4\_rebellion [EN]; “Mäntsäläupproret”  https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A4nts%C3%A4l%C3%A4upproret [SV]
* “Jokelan koulusurmat” https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jokelan\_koulusurmat [FI]; “Massakern på Jokela skola” https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Massakern\_p%C3%A5\_Jokela\_skola [SV]; “Jokela school schooting” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jokela\_school\_shooting [EN]
* "European migrant crisis" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European\_migrant\_crisis [EN]
* "Environmental migrant" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental\_migrant [EN]

#### **Movements**

* "Ecofascism" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecofascism [EN]
* "Ecoauthoritarianism" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecoauthoritarianism [EN]
* "Deep ecology" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep\_ecology [EN]
* "Eco-nationalism" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eco-nationalism [EN]
* "Welfare chauvinism" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welfare\_chauvinism [EN]
* “Euroscepticism” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euroscepticism [EN]
* "Fortress Europe" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortress\_Europe [EN]
* “Kansallinen Kokoomus” https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansallinen\_Kokoomus [FI]; “Samlingspartiet” https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samlingspartiet [SV]; “National Coaltion Party” https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/National\_Coalition\_Party [EN]
* “Lapuan liike” https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapuan\_liike [FI]; “Lapporörelsen” https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lappor%C3%B6relsen+%5BSV%5D;+“Lapua+Movement”+https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapua\_Movement [EN]
* “Isänmaallinen kansanliike” https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Is%C3%A4nmaallinen\_kansanliike [FI]; “Fosterländska folkrörelsen” https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosterl%C3%A4ndska\_folkr%C3%B6relsen [SV]; “Patriotic People’s Movement” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patriotic\_People%27s\_Movement [EN]
* "Artaman League" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artaman\_League [EN]
* "Lifeboat ethics" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifeboat\_ethics [EN]

#### **Individuals**

* “Pentii Linkola” https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentti\_Linkola [FI]; https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentti\_Linkola [SV]; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentti\_Linkola [EN]; https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0,\_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE\_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8 [RU]; https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentti\_Linkola [DE]
* “Hugo Suolahti” https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugo\_Suolahti [FI]
* “Palander–Suolahti” https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palander%E2%80%93Suolahti [FI]
* “Eino Suolahti” https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eino\_Suolahti [FI]; https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eino\_Suolahti [SV]
* “Kaarlo Linkola” https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaarlo\_Linkola [FI]
* “Collan” https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collan\_(suku) [FI]
* "Henry Williamson" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry\_Williamson [EN]
* "Jorian Jenks" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorian\_Jenks [EN]
* "Garrett Hardin" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garrett\_Hardin [EN]

### **Books**

* "Border and Rule: Global Migration, Capitalism, and the Rise of Racist Nationalism" by Harsha Walia http://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=8EAC74FAA4FCEE23031C91EB6963ECCA [EPUB, 7MB, EN]
* Storming the Wall: Climate Change, Migration, and Homeland Security" http://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=F438D04877F3D3B622C82392C4173BBE [EPUB, 909kb, EN]
* "Vanishing America: Species Extinction, Racial Peril, and the Origins of Conservation" by Miles A. Powell http://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=307A849BEC7398B3A62A28E7C18371B5 {PDF, 12MB, EN]; http://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=6832104E9F0C3FED97540FBF3DE9A5A3 [EPUB, 2MB, EN]
* "Defending the Master Race: Conservation, Eugenics, and the Legacy of Madison Grant" by Jonathan Peter Spiro https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=F8831E71B2601D0F82AE8B46966E8900 [PDF, 3MB, EN]
* "Ecofascism: Lessons from the German Experience" by Janet Biehl and Peter Staudenmaier http://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=185714AF911E75F7B2E85F2AE926C186 [PDF, 219kb, EN]
* "The Shock Doctrine - The Rise of Disaster Capitalism" by Naomi Klein https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=889E346734D1349A84C07A77A379DFC7 [PDF, 8MB, EN]; https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=8C5170D1A75C46B1E4500D96BD47280C [EPUB, 471kb, EN]; https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=922352087132F614AE449FDA6C3C53EA [AZW3, 852kb, EN] (has social democrat biases)
* "The Far Right and the Environment: Politics, Discourse and Communication" edited by Bernhard Forchtner http://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=5453D2B3A5EEF76B1E59576381DCF615 [PDF, 5MB, EN]
* "The Malthusian Moment: Global Population Growth and the Birth of American Environmentalism" by Thomas Robertson https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=8FF0F29214DD44FF10745F2508A02339 [PDF, 3MB, EN]
* "Too Many People?: Population, Immigration, and the Environmental Crisis" by Simon Butler, Betsy Hartmann and Joel Kovel https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=C2335F0D04BB67ECE66A8B0FC6A26153 [MOBI, 684kb, EN]
* "Border Walls Gone Green: Nature and Anti-Immigrant Politics in America" by John Hultgren http://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=A3E3BF06804CBFC434A24F058BCB7481 [PDF, 3MB, EN]

### **Podcast episodes**

* “(Anti-)Fascism and the Future of Complex Warfare, Part 2 (with Emmi Bevensee)” uploaded by the fire these times https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AgL6bQYSU4Q [1:19:54, EN]; https://open.spotify.com/episode/4NOPlfuE8h2B7QPlxpIqaU [1:19:54, EN]; https://podcasts.apple.com/lb/podcast/60-anti-fascism-future-complex-warfare-part-2-emmi/id1503094935?i=1000508053208 [1:19:54, EN]; https://anchor.fm/thefirethesetimes/episodes/60Anti-Fascism-and-the-Future-of-Complex-Warfare--Part-2-with-Emmi-Bevensee-eq1dt2 [1:19:54, EN]; https://www.breaker.audio/the-fire-these-times/e/80797964 [1:19:54, EN]; https://www.stitcher.com/show/the-fire-these-times/episode/60-anti-fascism-and-the-future-of-complex-warfare-part-2-with-emmi-bevensee-81434695 [1:19:54, EN]; https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy8xNjNkODM3NC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/MmM5M2U1ZWQtZDMyYS00Mzc3LWIzODQtMzM1MDQ0M2RhNWY0 [1:19:54, EN]; https://radiopublic.com/the-fire-these-times-6pzEba/s1!32906 [1:19:54, EN]

* "Syria, State Ideology and Climate Politics (With Marwa Daoudy)" uploaded by fire these times https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DUN1Z97HrSE [1:11:20, EN]

### **Videos**

#### **Explainers**

* "The Dark Side of Environmentalism (Eco-fascism)" uploaded by Kristina Lynn https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rsd1ZvndVdc [8:07, EN]
* "Ecofascismo | 086" de Tese Onze https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WcD70B63El4 [14:45, EN SUB, PT SUB, PT]

#### **Debunking**

* "Overpopulation Is A Capitalist Lie" uploaded by Hakim https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gUJmZ5hUy84 [5:35, EN] (Iraqi Marxist-Leninist)

#### **Video essays**

* "The Most Important Political Issue of the 21st Century" uploaded by Step Back https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6HGlEhuDbg [18:36, EN] (white Canadian anarchist)
* "Climate Change's White Supremacy Problem" uploaded by Our Changing Climate https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FkhmP7yDWeY [10:41, EN SUB, EN]
* "Climate Barbarism and Eco-fascism" uploaded by Mexie https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jdKTS\_\_iIJA [23:53, EN SUB, EN] (video fails to mention how Leninism can be recuperated by eco-fascist ideologies)
* Why plastic straw bans aren't the answer" uploaded by Our Changing Climate https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=\_CAim\_uGjcI [9:07, EN SUB, DE SUB, ZH SUB, EN]
* "Ecofascism: Noami Klein Warns the Far Right's Embrace of White Supremacy Is Tied to Climate Change" uploaded by Democracy Now! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PqUUTP5i\_nU [11:40, EN]

#### **Red flags**

* “Finland in the Year Zero: Linkola’s Ecological Program (1988)” uploaded by Linkola Translations https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1JORQ2L89X4 [12:37, EN SUB, FI] (WARNING!- channel owner is an eco-fascist, open in incognito)
* “Pentii Linkola on Immigration” uploaded by Foreign Fren https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XWH1X9TN\_YE [1:23, EN SUB, FI] (WARNING!- channel owner is an eco-fascist and an Finnish ultra-nationalist / Greater Finland chauvinist, open in incognito)
* “Kaarlo Pentti Linkola On The Third World” uploaded by Kalki1 https://archive.org/details/Linkola\_3rd\_World [1:59, EN SUB, FI] (WARNING!- Malthusian logic, uploader has a weird thing for antisemitic propaganda, eco-fascism, Focoism, anarcho-capitalism, Maoism and egoism)

### **Websites**

* “Against Green Reactionaries” http://greenantifascist.org/ [EN]

### **Archived**

#### **Explainers**

* https://archive.is/UeR56 [EN], https://archive.is/pT2OQ [EN] - Linkola’s ties with Finnish Whites
* https://archive.is/ILAYt [EN] - Linkola’s ideas are rooted in romanticizing urban elites
* https://archive.is/uzMdE [FI] - fascist roots of Linkola’s ideas (WARNING!- Syksy Räsänen is identified as enabler of red-brown fascist entryism)
* https://archive.is/bKk4Y [FI] - flaws in Linkola’s ideas
* https://archive.vn/nPyWe [EN] - Sinimusta Liike, a far-right group which took its name from the youth branch of the Isänmaallinen kansanliike, an ultra-nationalist and anti-communist political party influencing Linkola’s childhood is making a comeback
* https://archive.ph/FbPBZ [EN] - differentiating ecofascism from liberal eugenics, esoteric fascism and capitalism

#### **Bigotry**

* https://archive.is/n2KRc [EN] - Extinction Rebellion [XR] accidentally regurgitates a common eco-fascist talking point about border control, refugees and immigration (they later clarify it's about the carbon emission from airline industries)
* https://archive.ph/RB6Jk [EN] - Danish Social Democrats began adopting anti-immigration eco-fascist rheotric
* https://archive.ph/hUdmQ [EN] - *Huffington Post* publishes an article encouraging the far-right to stop being climate deniers without thinking about the ramification

#### **Red flags**

* https://archive.vn/gYreh [EN] - fascist publisher *Arktos Media* sells the English-language translation of Pentii Linkola’s book
* https://archive.is/av0Sj [EN] - Linkola’s interest lies within the ruling class, not rooted in class struggle or workers’ movements
* https://archive.is/6yrWK [EN] - fascist publisher *Arktos Media* mourns passing of Linkola
* https://archive.is/SnmO4 [EN] - fascist publisher *Arktos Media* publishes an article from Linkola
* https://archive.is/hzO6G [EN] - fascist publisher *Arktos Media* publishes an audiobook of Linkola’s book
* https://archive.is/wip/umIQg [EN], https://archive.is/MxaT2 [EN], https://archive.is/xDbFY [EN], https://archive.is/Vbb3W [EN], https://archive.is/T8w3f [EN], https://archive.is/tsxDc [EN], https://archive.is/EbSOu [EN], https://archive.is/dvTor [EN], https://archive.is/bqzm3 [EN], https://archive.is/hZgvz [EN], https://archive.is/9lflF [EN], https://archive.is/WNxKf [EN], https://archive.is/HTywb [EN], https://archive.is/M6RzE [EN], https://archive.is/JODgQ [EN], https://archive.is/0NWwi [EN], https://archive.is/EiA81 [EN], https://archive.is/HJjfs [EN], https://archive.is/dVkNk [EN], https://archive.is/McGmA [EN], https://archive.is/J7mlc [EN], https://archive.is/iZ93a [EN], https://archive.is/Fvvqr [EN], https://archive.is/qBwcn [EN], https://archive.is/4oTTs [EN] - fascist publisher *Arktos Media* mentioning Linkola on Twitter
* https://archive.is/rRgUx [EN] - Linkola is recommended on far-right Iron March forum
* https://archive.is/zUuzI [DE] - German far-right magazine *Sezession* mourns Linkola
* https://archive.is/fcvD5 [SE] - Swedish neo-Nazi Nordfront website reviews Linkola
* https://archive.ph/I8kP9 [EN], https://archive.ph/54S5p [EN] - far-right essayist Hervé Juvin advances the idea of nationalistic localism
* https://archive.ph/uMrwH [EN] - Greek far-right Golden Dawn's ecological program
* https://archive.ph/pj9L3 [EN] - fake account originally followed by Extinction Rebellion [XR] made a "we are the virus" meme, which indicates XR has a security problem
* https://archive.is/haqKI [EN] - *The Right Stuff* [TRS] begins translating Linkola's videos
* https://archive.is/M4Eyy [EN] - *Counter-Currents* mourns Linkola

### **Notes**

* Crossovers between eco-fascists with Marxist-Leninists are rare, mostly because the ideologies are incompatible for various reasons largely due to the pro-industrialization stances and anti-environmental attitudes. Nonetheless, it doesn’t stop a few individuals or a few groups from trying to merge the two, especially borrowing the idea of the vanguard party and democratic centralism.
* Eco-fascists do occasionally overlap around “National Bolsheviks”
* Some adopt vanguardist platforms. Fascist creep amongst vanguardists usually come from Malthusian logic inherent in “population control” (eg. Peter Singer, David Attenbourgh) and “deep ecology”. They usually are the type who say they are against eugenics or are against racial hygiene because they “see no color” and “all humans are equal”. If they do silently approve of liberal eugenics, it’s usually under the guise of “quality of life” concerns for disabled children without asking disabled adults. Under this lens, they usually take on a misanthropic view of sustainability and degrowth, and assumes climate refugees from Global South are better equipped with ecological collapse than Global North and Global North need a Leninist approach forcing “people living in luxuries” to live with less while advocating for anti-capitalism and degrowth to reconcile living above their means.
* Pentii Linkola was translated by a neo-fascist publisher, *Arktos Media*, which also platforms Aleksandr Dugin, Alain de Benoist and other far-right European figures.
* There are overlap with followers of Eduard Limonov and so-called Pine Gang or Pine Twitter due to perceived “anarchy” or “edgelord” behavior
* Usually apologists will say their favourite authors weren't always eco-fascists and blamed going mask-off on senility. Upon investigation, usually writers and lecturers were subtly hinting at ideas before becoming more overt as they become more widely read or become more popular on television / streaming services
* Some vanguardists are nihilists, who are okay with their own demise as long life on the planet can exist without human presence or with minimal human presence, so don’t assume they are the same as Nazis who based their eco-fascist ideologies in self-preservation— there are many different strands of eco-fascism
* In some eco-fascist circles, they will unironically say “Stalin was right” or praises Lenin, Mao and other vanguardists (eg. Kai Murros) or fetishize the GULag, secret police and the great purges
* There is some crossover between de-population conspiracy theories, anti-vaccination conspiracy theories, anti-GMO conspiracy theories and anti-Bill Gates conspiracy theories in green leftist spaces that are lifted from far-right LaRouche follower F. William Engdahl’s books and articles. Pay attention to how assertions are phrased to differentiate between materialist analysis of a situation versus being conspiratorial
* Linkola left the Green movement when feminists, disability activists, LGBTQIA+ communities and ethnic minorities were included
* Linkola deeply admired the Lapua Movement and tends to romanticize 1930s FInland
* Many of the so-called “contradictions” in Pentii Linkola’s world views can be resolved by remembering he comes from upper-class neighborhoods and intellectual elites in Helsinki. His own family can be traced back to the White movements during the Finnish Civil War of 1918. Keep in mind, both the Reds (or Bolsheviks) and Whites (Old Guard) fought alongside each others on the same side during the winter war and WW2 against the Soviet Union, so it’s better to look at family ties and relations during this time period and whether or not they were working class or part of the bourgeoise
* LInkola spoke fondly of his reactionary family members in his memoirs. He made no effort to distance himself from their legacies
* Linkola’s lineage includes Ernesti Suolahti (aided the failed Mäntsälä coup), Eino Suolahti (co-founded the fascist People’s Patriotic Movement and hosted Heinrich Himmler), and Hugo Suolahti (founder of Kansallinen Kokoomus)
* One of Pentii Linkola’s uncles, Eino Suolahti, was on side of the Whites during the Finnish Civil War, gained a nickname during the White Terror, opposed democratic measures during the 1920s, wrote for the far-right *Uusi Suomi* newsletter, supported the Lapua Movement as well as the failed Mäntsälä coup. He also advocated for polarisation of Finnish politics to gain Hitler’s favours. He later left the Kansallinen Kokoomus when Juho Paasikivi purged the party of its far-right influences.
* It’s important to note that Pentii Linkola’s grandfather, Hugo Suolahti, founder of the Kansallinen Kokoomus, was more moderate compared to the hardliner brother Eino
* Edvard Palander, Linkola’s great-grandfather, assisted in drafting up the manifestos during the 1905 Revolution to gain concessions from the Nikolai II which were rejected by the workers and socialists
* Linkola expresses a lot of anti-worker sentiments and resentments of the working class in his texts, interviews and lectures which are easy to gloss over. He doesn’t believe people are capable of liberating themselves and an intellectual elite is necessary to guide them hence his admiration for Marxist-Leninists
* Climate czar John Kerry was tasked under Barack Obama to rapidly expand U.S. military and militarization of borders in response to climate change refugees to maintain neoliberalism, so green-brown vanguardists railing against liberals makes no sense since goals overlap in this area
* Anders Breivik wasn't an ecofascist and believed climate change was a hoax, but his manifesto marked a shift in far-right thinking in that he saw climate debt as a communist plot to redistribute wealth