Philately

**Philately** (/fɪˈlætəliː/; *fi-LAT-ə-lee*) is the study of stamps and postal history and other related items. It also refers to the collection, appreciation and research activities on stamps and other philatelic products. Philately involves more than just stamp collecting, which does not necessarily involve the study of stamps. It is possible to be a philatelist without owning any stamps. For instance, the stamps being studied may be very rare or reside only in museums.

## Etymology:

The word "philately" is the English transliteration of the French "philatélie", coined by Georges Herpin in 1864. Herpin stated that stamps had been collected and studied for the previous six or seven years and a better name was required for the new hobby than *timbromanie* (roughly "stamp quest"), which was disliked.[3] He took the Greek root word φιλ(ο)- *phil(o)-*, meaning "an attraction or affinity for something", and ἀτέλεια *ateleia*, meaning "exempt from duties and taxes" to form "philatelie".[4] The introduction of postage stamps meant that the receipt of letters was now free of charge, whereas before stamps it was normal for postal charges to be paid by the recipient of a letter.

The alternative terms "timbromania", "timbrophily" and "timbrology" gradually fell out of use as *philately* gained acceptance during the 1860s.

## Types:

Traditional philately is the study of the technical aspects of stamp production and stamp identification, including:

* The stamp design process
* The paper used (wove, laid and including watermarks)
* The method of printing (engraving, typography)
* The gum
* The method of separation (perforation, rouletting)
* Any overprints on the stamp
* Any security markings, underprints or perforated initials ("perfins")
* The study of philatelic fakes and forgeries

## Diversification:

* Thematic philately, also known as topical philately, is the study of what is depicted on individual stamps. There are hundreds of popular subjects, such as birds, and ships, poets, presidents, monarchs, maps, aircraft, spacecraft, sports, and insects on stamps. Stamps depicted on stamps also constitute a topical area of collecting. Interesting aspects of topical philately include design mistakes and alterations; for instance, the recent editing out of cigarettes from the pictures used for United States stamps, and the stories of how particular images came to be used.
* Postal history studies the postal systems and how they operate and, or, the study of postage stamps and covers and associated material illustrating historical episodes of postal systems both before and after the introduction of the adhesive stamps. It includes the study of postmarks, post offices, postal authorities, postal rates and regulations and the process by which letters are moved from sender to recipient, including routes and choice of conveyance. A classic example is the Pony Express, which was the fastest way to send letters across the United States during the few months that it operated. Covers that can be proven to have been sent by the Pony Express are highly prized by collectors.
* Aerophilately is the branch of postal history that specializes in the study of airmail. Philatelists have observed the development of mail transport by air from its beginning, and all aspects of airmail services have been extensively studied and documented by specialists.
* Astrophilately is the branch of postal history that specializes in the study of stamps and postmarked envelopes that are connected to outer space.
* Postal stationery includes stamped envelopes, postal cards, letter sheets, aérogrammes (airletter sheets) and wrappers, most of which have an embossed or imprinted stamp or indicia indicating the prepayment of postage.
* Erinnophilia is the study of objects that look like stamps, but are not postal stamps. Examples include Easter Seals, Christmas Seals, propaganda labels, and so forth.
* Philatelic literature documents the results of the philatelic study and includes thousands of books and periodicals.
* Revenue philately is the study of stamps used to collect taxes or fees on such things as legal documents, court fees, receipts, tobacco, alcoholic drinks, drugs and medicines, playing cards, hunting licenses and newspapers.
* Maximaphily is the study of Maximum Cards. Maximum Cards can be defined as a picture postcard with a postage stamp on the same theme and cancellation, with a maximum concordance between all three.
* Youth philately is the study of stamps with colorful characters. It is mainly aimed at getting kids to be interested in stamp collecting.

## Tools:

Philately uses several tools, including stamp tongs (a specialized form of tweezers) to safely handle the stamps, strong magnifying glass and a perforation gauge (odontometer) to measure the perforation gauge of the stamp.

The identification of watermarks is important and may be done with the naked eye by turning the stamp over or holding it up to the light. If this fails then *watermark fluid* may be used, which "wets" the stamp to reveal the mark.

Other common tools include stamp catalogs, stamp stock books and stamp hinges.

## Organisations:

Philatelic organizations sprang up soon after people started collecting and studying stamps. They include local, national and international clubs and societies where collectors come together to share the various aspects of their hobby. One of the most known organizations is the American Philatelic Society.

## Links:

-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philately

-https://thephilately.com/

-https://www.arpinphilately.com/