照明控制基础.设备介绍

### COURSE DESCRIPTION（课程描述）

Introduction to Lighting Controls introduced the concept of a lighting control strategy as a unique combination of input (manual or automatic, which may be time-, occupancy- or light-based) and output (switching and/or dimming). These strategies enable support of visual needs or energy savings in a broad range of applications.

介绍了照明控制，介绍了作为一个独特的组合输入（手动或自动，时间，占用或光）和输出（开关或调光）的照明控制策略的概念。这些策略在视觉需求和节约能源中得到了广泛的应用。

In this learning module, students are introduced to the major types of equipment used to implement these strategies. This includes panel-based lighting control, occupancy sensors, photocontrols and dimming auxiliary devices (such as ballasts and drivers) and wallbox controls. Each type of equipment is described in brief, with more detailed information being available in subsequent Education Express courses. The learning module closes with a short discussion of methods of connecting devices.

在这个学习模块中,学生们介绍了用于实现这些策略的主要类型的设备。这包括基于照明控制、入住率传感器、光控制器和调光辅助设备(如镇流器和驱动程序)和直径控制。每种类型的设备都只是通过简短的描述,更详细的信息在后续教育课程可以以得到。学习模块更进一步简单讨论了连接设备的方法。

It's an exciting era in lighting control. Manufacturers are rapidly introducing products to meet mandatory control requirements found in today's commercial building energy codes. Manufacturers offer both centralized and decentralized products to satisfy the new and more complex codes that require control of both large and small spaces. Depending on the building type, specifiers may need to include multiple products and strategies in their design to meet code requirements.

这是一个令人兴奋的照明控制时代。在今天的商业建筑能源守则中，制造商正在快速引入产品满足强制性控制要求。制造商提供集中式和分布式的产品以满足新的和更复杂的规范，需要包括大、小空间的控制。根据不同的建筑类型，在他们的设计中，指定者可能需要包括多个产品和策略以满足规范要求。

### LEARNING OBJECTIVES（学习目标）

At the end of the course, participants will be able to:

* recognize lighting control strategies used to satisfy commercial building energy codes and reduce energy consumption.
* match major types of lighting control equipment to suitable control strategies.
* select lighting control equipment based on size and type of space being controlled.
* utilize this knowledge as a springboard for deeper exploration of control strategies and equipment in subsequent EE courses.

在课程结束后，学员将能够：

* 认识用于满足商业建筑能源法规及减少能源消耗的照明控制策略。
* 用合适的照明控制策略匹配照明控制设备的主要类型。
* 根据被控制空间的大小和类型选择照明控制设备。
* 利用这方面的知识，为后续的EE课程的控制策略和设备探索提供更深的跳板。

### LIGHTING CONTROL（照明控制）

Most lighting controls have three basic functions. An input device provides information to a lighting controller, which decides if and how to change output, and subsequently signals a power controller to change output. It is essential that all devices are rated as compatible.

大多数照明控制有三种基本功能。输入装置提供信息给照明控制器，控制器决定是否和如何改变输出，随后发信号给功率控制器来改变输出。因此所有设备的兼容性就是很重要的。

PANEL-BASED LIGHTING CONTROL（基于面板的照明控制）
For more information, see EE102, Section 2.
Panel-based lighting control systems are generally located in the electrical closet. They include a logic controller and power output device(s) to either switch and/or dim lighting loads. The logic controller may be used for scheduling lighting loads to switch or dim according to building occupancy and in response to input from field devices such as wall stations, occupancy sensors and photosensors.
Panel-based systems include either contactors, controllable circuit breakers (panelboard platform) or relays, housed within a metal enclosure, to switch loads. For dimming applications, panel-based lighting control may also include different types of dimming circuitry depending on the type of load to be dimmed.
These systems are commonly networked together to provide remote programming, monitoring and override control. The latest energy codes and the need to measure and validate energy savings is driving the emergence of systems with onboard metering capability.
更多信息，见第2节ee102。

```
   基于面板板照明控制系统一般位于配电室。它们包括一个控制器和动力输出装置（S）或开关，或可调照明负载。该控制器可根据来自现场设备如墙站输入，占用传感器和光传感器的占用和响应，用于调度照明负荷开关或暗淡。
   面板为基础的系统包括接触器，可控断路器（配电盘平台）或继电器，装有一个金属外壳，开关负载。调光应用，基于面板照明控制也可能包括不同类型的调光电路，根据需要的负载类型调节。

```

这些系统通常由网络共同提供远程编程，监控和覆盖控制。最新需要测量的能效标准和验证的能源节约与车载计量能力驱动系统将会出现。
PANEL-BASED LIGHTING CONTROL（基板照明控制）

```
With the ability to be sized for 2-100+ circuits, lighting control panels can provide a suitable backbone for a building's lighting control system. Shown here is a panel that accepts inputs from manual switches (for local user override of the schedule), occupancy sensors, photosensors and time schedules. The entire system can be controlled, modified and monitored remotely.

```

```
   以大小为2-100 +电路为例子，照明控制面板为建筑的照明控制系统提供了一个合适的骨干。这里显示的是一个小组，接受手动开关输入（对计划的本地用户覆盖），占用传感器、光传感器和时间设置装置。整个系统是可以控制、修改和远程监控的。

```

INTELLIGENT PANEL-BASED LIGHTING CONTROL（智能基板照明控制）
Intelligent lighting controls feature an onboard processor and timeclock that provides decision-making, time-based control functions, assigning loads to control zones, and communication with other systems. This allows the panel to, for example, automatically turn lighting ON/OFF in various zones according to different schedules, and accept timed overrides that allow the lights to be ON for a set period of time before sweeping them OFF.
Programming is done in front of the panel or over a network connection. Front-panel programming may be accomplished by using supplied HMI or connecting a personal computer (PC) to a local communications port. Network programming is accomplished by connecting the PC directly to the lighting control system network (typically RS485) or to a business network backbone (typically Ethernet) shared by both the controller and the PC.
Programming with a PC requires using compatible software or web-based tools if the appropriate connections are supported by the hardware. Using network communications enables remote programming, monitoring, override control and reporting.

```
    智能照明控制的特点是onboard处理器和时钟提供自我决策、基于时间的控制功能、为控制区域分配负载、与其他的系统沟通。这使得面板，例如，根据不同的时间表在各地区自动打开/关闭照明，并接受定时覆盖，让灯光将在一段时间以前扫除。
   编程是在前面板或在一个网络中连接完成。前面板编程可以通过使用本地端口提供的人机界面或连接个人计算机（PC）完成通信。网络编程是通过连接PC直接照明控制系统网络完成（通常RS485）或业务骨干网络（一般是以太网）是由控制器与PC机共享。
   如果适当的连接硬件支持，电脑编程需要使用兼容的软件或基于web的工具，使用网络通信使能够远程编程,监控、覆盖控制和报告。

```

NETWORKING PANEL-BASED LIGHTING CONTROLS（网络基与面板的照明控制）
Panel-based lighting control systems can be installed as standalone devices, connected in a daisy-chained architecture or directly connected to Ethernet backbones.
System intelligence may be centralized within a "master" panel, providing centralized scheduling for all panels on the network in a hierarchical master-extension configuration.
Another approach is a distributed master/master approach, providing redundancy and using programmable software for centralized scheduling.

```
    基于面板照明控制的系统可以安装独立的设备,连接在计算机体系结构或直接连接到以太网骨干。
   系统情报可能集中在一个“主人”面板中,为所有网络上的面板提供集中式调度层次的主要延生配置。
   另一种方法是一个分布式的主/主方法,提供信息冗余和使用可编程软件进行集中调度。

```

LIGHTING CONTROL SYSTEM LAYOUT（照明控制系统布局）
The best-performing and most economical lighting control system generally uses multiple technologies in order to control lighting in both large and small interior spaces and exterior lighting. These different technologies are generally designed as standalone systems in order to simplify installation and maintenance of the equipment, stay within construction project budget, and satisfy energy codes. Owner requirements like demand response control may make it financially feasible to integrate these systems in order to provide the level of control required.
Panel-based lighting control systems are traditionally located in the electric closet. These types of systems are well suited for switching and dimming lighting loads for larger interior spaces and exterior loads. Manufacturers offer digital switches and remote input/output modules to help reduce the requirement for pulling home runs back to the electric closet for each field wiring device.

```
   表现最好和最经济的照明控制系统通常使用多种技术来控制两个大型和小型室内空间的照明和室外照明。为了简化设备的安装和维护,保持在建设项目预算,和满足能源法规，这些不同的技术通常设计成独立的系统。为了提供所需级别的控制，用户要求的像需求响应控制，为了提供这种等级的控制要求可能使它经济可行的整合这些系统。
   基于面板的照明控制系统通常位于配电电室。这些类型的系统非常适合开关和调光照明负载较大的内部空间和外部负载。制造商提供数字交换机和远程输入/输出模块，有助于减少从家里跑回每个现场完成接线装置。

```

LIGHTING CONTROL SYSTEM INTELLIGENCE（智能照明控制系统）
Lighting control systems offer three general categories of control intelligence: centralized, distributed and hybrid. In a control system with centralized intelligence, a central processor periodically polls connected devices for input information to which it is programmed to respond, and subsequently issues commands to the appropriate power output devices. In a system with localized intelligence, all control devices feature independent intelligence; if one processor fails, the rest of the system continues to operate.
Panel-based lighting control hybrid systems start with a master panel with connected extension panels. The master panel is used to turn lighting ON/OFF according to standard occupancy patterns. While each extension panel is configured to follow the master controller commands sent over the network, each extension panel may be configured to follow override signals from local wiring devices such as wall switches and occupancy sensors. This provides the system response expected by occupants. The master panel may be programmed to monitor the local overrides. It is common for extension panels to be programmed with a back-up schedule that is initiated if communications with the master panel is disrupted.

```
   照明控制系统提供三大类控制情报: 集中式、分布式和混合式。在一个集中式智能控制系统中，中央处理器的输入信息会定期民调连接设备程序作出回应，随后命令适当的功率输出设备问题。在一个本地化的情报系统中，所有控制设备的情报都是功能独立的，如果一个处理器失败,系统的其余部分将继续运作。
   基于面板的照明控制混合系统是从一个与扩展面板相连接的主控面板开始的。根据标准占用模式，主面板是用来开启或关闭照明的。虽然每个扩展面板配置是遵循主控制器通过网络发送的命令，但是每个扩展面板也可以从本地连接设备配置遵循覆盖信号，比如墙壁开关和入住率等传感器。这提供了系统所期望的响应。主面板可能会被编程从而用来监视本地覆盖。如果主面板通讯中断的话，是常见的扩展板台发起的一个后备计划。

```

OCCUPANCY SENSORS（占用传感器）
For more information, see EE102, Section 1.
Occupancy sensors are energy-saving devices that respond to occupancy by automatically reducing controlled lighting when it is no longer needed.
The occupancy sensor may be manual-ON (vacancy sensor) (to 50% or full ON), auto-ON-to-50%, or auto-to-full-ON. It may respond to the absence of people by turning lighting OFF or reducing it to a dimmed state.
有关更多信息,请参见EE102,第一节。

```
   占用传感器节能设备,当不再需要控制时，通过自动减少照明控制来对占用做出反应。
   占用传感器可手动（空位传感器）（50%或满），auto-on-to-50 %，或自动到全。它可以对人的缺席做出反应从而将照明关闭或减少到一个昏暗的状态。

```

DETECTION METHODS: PASSIVE INFRARED（检测方法：被动红外检测）
Occupancy sensors use a variety of methods to detect occupancy. Passive-infrared (PIR) sensors sense the difference in heat emitted by humans in motion from that of the background space.
The sensor requires a line of sight to the occupant; the field of view is therefore adjustable. The sensor's lens defines its coverage as a series of fan-shaped zones, with small gaps in between that grow wider with distance.
For this reason, it is most sensitive to lateral motion, and sensitivity decreases proportional to distance. Typically, the occupant must cross two or more of the PIR beams for occupancy to be detected.

```
   灯控感应使用多种方法检测感应。被动红外（PIR）传感器在人类运动时，感受从背景空间散发的热量的差异。
   传感器需要一个视线的占有者；视野因此可调。传感器的镜头规定其覆盖率与小的差距之间的长宽距离作为一个系列的扇形区域。
   因为这个原因，它对横向运动最敏感，灵敏度的下降与距离成正比。通常情况下，乘员必须跨越两个或两个以上的红外光束被检测到。

```

DETECTION METHODS: ULTRASONIC（检测方法：超声）
Ultrasonic sensors detect occupancy by sending out ultrasonic sound waves into a space and then measuring the speed at which they return. The sensing is volumetric; they do not require a line of sight. They are also more sensitive than PIR sensors, with larger coverage areas, greater sensitivity to minor (hand) movement.A common misperception is that ultrasonic sensors interfere with hearing aids; the possibility for interaction is remote, according to NEMA member companies, which report less than five incidents per year of any type of hearing aid interaction. Ultrasonic sensors that operate at 32 kHz and above typically do not interfere with hearing aids.
.

```
   超声波传感器检测通过发送超声波进入太空然后测量他们返回的速度。这种感知是测量体积的；他们不需要任何瞄准线也比PIR传感器更敏感，拥有更大的覆盖区域，更大的敏感性较小的（手）运动。
   一个普遍的误解是，超声波传感器干扰助听器；实际上相互作用的可能性极小，根据NEMA成员公司报告任何类型的助听器的干扰事件低于每年五次。超声波传感器工作在32 kHz以上时通常不干扰助听器。

```

OTHER DETECTION METHODS（其他检测方法）
Dual-technology sensors combine detection methods for greater reliability. PIR/ultrasonic and PIR/acoustic sensors change the lights only when bothtechnologies detect the presence or absence of people, reducing possibility of false triggering.
Microwave-based sensors emit low-power microwaves into the coverage area and detect changes in the reflection pattern caused by motion.
New camera-based sensors (shown here) use camera imaging to detect body types. Potential benefits include extremely high resolution (minimizing false triggering) and the ability to use square detection zones and identify the number of occupants in the controlled area.

```
   双重技术传感器相结合的检测方法可靠性更高。红外/超声波和红外/声学传感器只有当bothtechnologies检测存在或不存在的人时灯光才会变化，从而减少误触发的可能性。
   微波传感器发出的低功率微波进入覆盖区域和检测运动所引起的反射模式的变化。
   基于传感器的新相机（如图所示）用相机成像检测物体类型。潜在的好处包括非常高的分辨率（最小误触发）和使用方检测区域和确定控制区的人员数量的能

```

OCCUPANCY SENSORS: MOUNTING（占用传感器：安装）
Occupancy sensors offer mounting configurations to optimize coverage for various applications.
占用传感器为各种应用程序优化覆盖而提供安装配置。

墙壁开关 更小，封闭的空间
天花灯 大面积障碍和狭窄的空间仓库通道、走廊等。一般用于隐藏式照明。
墙壁/角落 大面积障碍物。一般用于间断照明。
任务 个人工作站。一般用于橱柜灯和办公隔间照明。
灯具 混合型灯具。可以用于基于制造商的隐藏式或间断型灯具。

OCCUPANCY SENSORS: COVERAGE（占用传感器：覆盖）
Coverage involves specifying the sensor's range (ft.) and coverage area (sq.ft.) based on the desired sensitivity. Manufacturers publish this information in their literature and typically base it on the sensor's maximum adjustable sensitivity setting. Many different coverage sizes and shapes are available for each sensor technology.
In some spaces, a single sensor can provide sufficient coverage. In larger spaces, the lighting can be partitioned into zones, with each zone controlled by a different sensor. For unified control, the sensors can be networked. When creating zones, it is recommended that sensor coverage overlap by 20%.
报道基于所需的敏感度涉及指定传感器的范围(英尺)和覆盖面积(平方英尺)。制造商发布此信息通常在他们的著作中是基于传感器的最大可调灵敏度而设置的。许多不同的覆盖范围大小和形状可供每个传感器科技选择。

```
   在一些空间中,一个传感器可以提供足够的范围。在较大空间,照明可以分割成部分区域,每个区域由不同的传感器控制。再由传感器网络统一控制。在创建区域时,建议传感器覆盖重叠20%。

```

OCCUPANCY SENSORS: CALIBRATION（占用传感器：校准）
The occupancy sensor's adjustable sensitivity setting defines the level of movement required to turn (or keep) the lights ON. A high sensitivity results in greater detection and a larger coverage area but also the possibility of false-ON triggering. A lower sensitivity reduces the coverage area but presents the possibility of false-OFF triggering.
The sensor's time delay setting defines the time it will take to turn the lights OFF after the final detected motion. Energy codes limit the maximum to 30 minutes. Shorter time delays result in higher energy savings, while longer time delays can reduce fluorescent lamp life due to less frequent switching. LED lighting is well suited to shorter time delays. Digital control systems allow the possibility of programming the time delay to change based on time of day—e.g., 15 minutes during normal business hours and 5 minutes afterhours.

```
   占用传感器的可调灵敏度设置决定了所需的水平运动(或保持)的灯是否打开。高灵敏度的结果是更大的探测和一个更大的覆盖范围，而且有引发临时启动可能性。较低的敏感度降低了覆盖范围，但是引发了临时关闭的可能性。
   传感器的时间延迟设置决定了关掉灯后最终检测到运动的时间。能量法规限制的最大值为30分钟。短时间延迟导致更高的能源节约，尽管长时间延迟可以减少日光灯寿命由于更少的频繁开关。LED灯非常适合短时间延迟。在正常营业时间和5分钟的非营业时间，数字控制系统允许编程时间延迟从而改变day-e.g.时间基础的可能性，在正常营业时间的15分钟和业余时间的5分钟

```

OCCUPANCY SENSORS: SPECIAL FEATURES
Occupancy sensors are available with options enabling products to match specific application needs:
Manual-OFF override gives users the option to turn the lights OFF manually.
Combination dimmer/occupancy sensors combine dimmer and sensor functionality.
Masking labels or shutters allow tuning of the coverage area of PIR sensors.
Line-voltage occupancy sensors do not require a power pack, which makes them suitable for applications where there is no plenum.
Many sensors now feature a photosensor that either turns OFF the lights in response to sufficient daylight and/or prevent the lights from reactivating as long as sufficient daylight is available.
The power pack and/or sensor can be specified with a separate low-voltage switch for control of and interfacing with non-lighting loads such as HVAC, security and building automation.
感应传感器：特点
感应传感器可以使指定产品以满足特定的应用需求：
手动关闭为用户提供了手动关灯的选项。
结合调光器/感应传感器结合调光和传感器功能。
美纹纸标签或百叶窗允许调整红外传感器的覆盖区域。
线电压感应传感器不需要电源组，这使得它们适合用在不用通风的地方。
许多传感器现在配备了光传感器，当有充足的日光要么关灯和/或防止灯重新开启。
电源组和/或传感器可以指定一个单独的低电压开关用于控制并作为非照明负载例如HVAC，安全楼宇自动化的接口。
PHOTOCONTROLS
For more information, see EE201
Daylight harvesting photocontrols use a light sensor, or photosensor, to generate a control signal indicating the lights should be reduced to save energy in response to available daylight.

光控制器
欲了解更多信息，请参阅EE201。
日光采集光控制器采用一个光传感器，或光传感器，通过感应可用的日光产生一个控制信号来指示灯应调暗来节省能量。
PHOTOCONTROLS: CLOSED VERSUS OPEN LOOP
The photocontrol system may be open or closed loop.
Closed loop systems measure the combined electric light and daylight level reflected from the task surface. This allows the designer to set a target light level that the controller maintains by adjusting electric light output through switching and/or dimming. The sensor "sees" the results of its adjustment and may make further adjustments based on this feedback, creating a CLOSED loop. Closed-loop systems typically require a closed-loop photosensor per daylight control zone.
Placed at the daylight aperture or outside the building, open loop systems "see" only incoming daylight and adjust electric light output based on estimated task light levels. Because they "see" only daylight, they are OPEN loop. Open-loop systems typically use a single photosensor for an entire daylighted area with dimming curves for each daylight control zone.

```
光控制器：闭环和开环

```

光控制系统可以是开环或闭环。
闭环系统测量从测试表面反射的结合灯光和日光水平。这允许设计人员设定目标光级用控制器调整光输出通过开关和/或调光。传感器“监控”它的调整的结果，并可以基于该反馈进一步调整，形成闭合回路。闭环系统通常需要一个每个日光控制区的闭环光传感器。
开环系统被放置在日光光圈范围内或楼外，开环系统仅“监控”基于估算的测试光照水平上的入射日光和调节的灯光输出量。因为他们是开环，所以只能“监控”日光。开环系统通常使用一个单一的对整个日光区的光传感器和每个日光控制区的调光曲线。
PHOTOCONTROLS: DUAL LOOP
Dual loop systems utilize open and closed loop photodiodes looking in different directions. Dual loop systems provide greater accuracy than using open loop alone, while providing greater resistance to transient light level changes than using closed loop alone.
光控制器：双回路
双回路系统利用开环和闭环的光电二极管观察不同的方向。双回路系统不仅提供比单独使用开环系统更高的精度，同时提供比单独使用闭环系统更大的瞬态光量发生变化阻力。
PHOTOSENSORS
The photosensor is the "eye" of the automatic photocontrol system. It measures light falling on the sensor and generates a signal to the lighting controller, which maintains a target light level based on its algorithm.
The sensor may be mounted on the ceiling or wall or at the luminaire.
The sensor should feature the ability to be calibrated remotely.

光电传感器
光电传感器是自动光控制系统的“眼”。它测量当光落在传感器上时，产生一个信号到一个包含基于算法的目标光级的照明控制器
该传感器可以安装在天花板或墙壁或在灯具。
传感器应该有远程校准的能力。
PHOTOSENSORS: RANGE OF RESPONSE
The photosensor's range of response is the range of light levels to which it can actively and accurately respond. The designer should ensure the range of response is appropriately matched to the application.
光电传感器：响应范围
光传感器的响应范围是它可以主动准确地响应光水平的范围。设计者应该确保响应的范围相应地匹配到应用程序。
PHOTOCONTROLS: DEADBAND (SWITCHING)
Deadband is a range of detected light levels at which the control system will not respond so as to prevent overly frequent switching.
The high setpoint is the point at which the lights will be turned OFF, and the low setpoint the point when they are turned back ON.
The control system may also feature a programmable time delay to minimize nuisance switching.
光控制器：死区（切换）
死区是检测到的光水平在控制系统不响应时的范围，以便防止过于频繁的切换。
高设定值是在灯光将被关闭时的点，而低设置点是他们被打开时的点。
该控制系统还可以具有可编程的时间延迟的功能，以尽量减少麻烦的切换。
DIMMING EQUIPMENT
For more information, see EE103.
Dimming controls and ballasts/drivers regulate the output of lamps across a given dimming range, providing flexibility and energy cost savings.
调光设备
欲了解更多信息，请参阅EE103。
调光控制和镇流器/驱动调节灯输出在给定的调光范围内，从而变得灵活多变和节约能源成本。
DIMMING BALLASTS AND DRIVERS
For a lighting system to be dimmed, it must be dimmable. For fluorescent, HID, induction and plasma lighting, this entails use of a dimmable auxiliary device (ballast or driver). The ballast may be designed to communicate with control devices using low- or line-voltage wiring. It may offer continuous dimming (smooth transitions between output levels expressed in imperceptible increments across a range), or step dimming (abrupt or smooth fade transitions between one or more output levels between OFF and full ON).
调光镇流器和驱动程序
为了使一个照明系统被调光，它必须是可调光。对于荧光灯，HID，感应等离子照明，这需要使用可调光辅助装置（镇流器或驱动程序）。镇流器可以被设计成使用低或线电压接线控制设备进行通信。它可以提供连续调光（这一系列表示在不知不觉增量光输出水平之间的平滑过渡），或分步调光（在关和全开之间的一个或多个光输出水平的快速或平滑的过渡）。
WALLBOX DIMMERS
Wallbox dimmers are simple control devices that install at the wall switch between the power supply and the lighting load.
Manual control is typically the input, although the dimmer may be designed to accept automatic commands from other devices.
The wallbox may be single-pole (lights are controlled from a single location), three-way (dimmed at one location with additional switches), or multilocation (full control from multiple locations).
墙壁电子式调光器
墙壁电子式调光器是安装在电源和照明负载之间的墙壁开关，是一种简单的控制装置。
手动控制通常是输入，虽然调光器可被设计成接受来自其他设备的自动命令。
暗线箱可以是单极（灯被一个位置控制），三路（在一个具有附加开关的位置调光），或者多地点（从多个位置的完全控制）。
INTEGRATED DIMMERS
Integrated dimmers, also called preset dimmers, are programmable dimmers with a bank of preset controls.
The user can program and then recall multiple lighting scenes for multiple zones by pressing a button or based on a set schedule.
Universal circuitry allows each dimmer output (channel) to control all types of lighting loads.
综合调光器
综合调光器，也称为预置调光器，有一堆预置控制的可编程调光器。
用户可以编程，然后点亮多个区域的多个照明场景通过按一个按钮或者基于一个预设计划。
通用电路允许每个调光输出（通道）控制所有类型的照明负载。
CONTROL STATIONS
Control stations provide intelligent interfacing with remote power controllers, which may be power packs or dimmer modules installed in a control panel. They allow control of multiple lighting circuits, enabling replacement of multiple dimmers with a single control device. As such, they are ideal for controlling large, complex loads. The interface is programmable and may feature buttons or a graphical LCD touchscreen.
控制站
控制站提供智能接口与远程电源控制器，它可以是电源包或把调光模块安装在控制面板。它们允许多个照明电路控制，从而实现更换多个调光器与一个单一的控制装置。因此，他们是理想的控制大型的，复杂的负载。该接口是可编程的，可配备按钮或图形LCD触摸屏。
DIGITAL LIGHTING CONTROLS
Digital lighting control devices feature embedded (distributed) intelligence, enabling control strategies to be enacted with the device (control, ballast) being the point of control, which presents the potential to eliminate centralized equipment such as control panels.
Scheduling and occupancy sensing can be integrated, more easily installed, and more easily set up and changed over time using digital control systems. Two-way communication over digital control wiring and associated software provides real-time lighting and occupancy status, creation of user-defined lighting profiles, and runtime reports and energy profiles.
数字照明控制
数字照明控制设备具有嵌入式（分布式）智能化，使控制方案指定设备（控制，镇流器）作为控制点，它呈现出的潜力来淘汰集控装置如控制面板。
调度计划和占用感应功能，可集成，更容易安装，而且随着时间的推移采用数字控制系统更容易设置和改变。通过数字控制的布线和相关软件的双向通信提供实时照明和占用状态，创建用户定义的照明框架，和运行报告和能量分布。
CONTROL WIRING: LINE VOLTAGE
In a traditional lighting system, line-voltage wiring (Class 1, typically 120V or 277V AC) powers the luminaires and enables grouping into control zones by circuit or switchleg. Providing or removing power to the load using a controller turns the zone ON or OFF.
This wiring also provides a pathway for control signals between control devices. Powerline carrier communication is suitable for simple switching and can be suitable for dimming signals. For example, a line-voltage wallbox dimmer can communicate a control signal to a compatible dimmable ballast, which dims the lamps. This type of approach is particularly suited to control retrofit situations because the wiring is already installed.
This approach offers little relative flexibility, however, by restricting control options and limiting zoning to lighting circuiting.
控制线：线路电压
在传统的照明系统，线电压接线（1级，一般120V或277V AC）通过回路或转换提供灯具和启用分组进入控制区能源。利用控制器开关来提供或移除电源给负载。
该布线还提供了一种控制装置之间的控制信号的途径。电力线载波通信是适合于简单的开关，并且可以适合于调光信号。例如，一个线电压墙壁电子式调光器可以将控制信号传送到一个兼容的可调光镇流器，来调节灯光。这种类型的方法是特别适合于因为已经安装了布线进行控制改造的情况。
这种方法提供了相对少的灵活性，但是，通过限制控制选项和限制分区来防止照明短路。
CONTROL WIRING: LOW VOLTAGE
Low-voltage wiring (Class 2, typically 0-10V DC) provides a dedicated path for incoming sensor input data and outgoing control commands, providing greater design flexibility. Most codes do not require it be installed in conduit, and it is relatively safe to install. Because the wiring is completely dedicated to control signaling, it provides a high degree of reliability.
控制线：低电压
低压接线（2类，通常为0-10V直流）提供了一个专用路径来给传入传感器输入数据和发送控制命令，提供了更大的设计灵活性。大多数代码不需要它被安装在暗线装置中，并且它可以相对安全的安装。因为布线被完全专用于控制信号，它提供了高度可靠性。

CONTROL WIRING: LOW VOLTAGE (DIGITAL SYSTEMS)
Digital low-voltage wiring utilizes a pair of wires to form a simple electrical connection between intelligent control devices. Instead of control commands based on variations in voltage, digital commands and other information are communicated as digital binary messages (ones and zeroes), providing several significant benefits.
Digital control systems feature soft terminations, with zoning and rezoning implemented via software addressed to individual luminaires or groups of luminaires, not hardwiring.
This presents several potential advantages. Lighting systems can be zoned as small as a single luminaire within a single low-voltage wiring bus, maximizing flexibility and responsiveness of the control system. Economical overlap of zoning enables the control system to enact multiple control strategies and maximize energy savings, and the system can be easily rezoned to adapt to changes in space use.
控制线：低电压（数字系统）
数字低电压布线利用一对导线，以形成智能控制设备之间的简单的电连接。代替基于变化电压的控制指令，数字命令及其它信息以二进制信号形式（1和0）被传输，提供几个显著好处。
数字控制系统采用软终端，以及通过软件实现给个人或灯具灯具组分区和重新分区，而不是线连接。
这提供了几个潜在的优点。照明系统可以被划为小到单个低压布线总线的单个照明器内，可以使控制系统有最大程度的灵活性和响应能力。分区的经济重叠使控制系统制定多种控制策略，最大限度地节约能源，并且系统可以很容易地改划为适应变化的使用空间。
RADIO-FREQUENCY WIRELESS
Radio-frequency (RF) wireless lighting controls feature embedded transmitters and receivers enabling communication using radio waves. They provide some of the same benefits of digital lighting control.
Systems are available with self-healing mesh, fixed backbone and other configurations that are readily scalable from small to very large systems.
This approach is ideally suited for retrofit, exterior lighting and other applications where running control wiring would be considered too costly, difficult or disruptive.
无线传输
射频（RF）无线照明控制有嵌入式发射机和接收机使用无线电波来通信。他们提供了一些和数字灯光控制同样的好处。
系统有自我恢复网络，固定骨干和可以从小到非常大的系统可轻松扩展的一些其他配置。
这种方法非常适合改装，外部照明等那些运行的控制线会被认为过于昂贵，困难或破坏性的应用中。
CONTROL COMMUNICATION: PROTOCOLS
Compatible lighting controls interact based on a protocol—that is, a set of standard rules or guidelines enabling communication between two or more devices.
Examples include RS-485, DALI, BACnet, LonWorks, Modbus, DMX512, ZigBee, Z-Wave and EnOcean.
The protocol may be analog or digital and open (public standard), proprietary (used for a given manufacturer's products) or a mix of the two (developed by a manufacturer and offered to other manufacturers).
通信控制：协议
是一种兼容的照明控制交互基础上的协议，也就是说，一套标准的规则或指导方针使两个或多个设备之间通信。
比如RS-485，DALI，BACnet，LonWorks，MODBUS，DMX512，ZigBee，Z-Wave和EnOcean。
该协议可以是模拟的或数字开放的（公共标准），专有的（用于给定的制造商的产品），或两者的混合（由制造商开发并提供给其他厂家）。