Blood Diamond

2006 film by Edward ZwickTemplate:SHORTDESC:2006 film by Edward Zwick

* Marshall Herskovitz
* Graham King
* Paula Weinstein
* Alexzander Breault-Boucher
* Leonardo DiCaprio
* Jennifer Connelly
* Djimon Hounsou
* Michael Sheen
* Arnold Vosloo
* Virtual Studios
* December 8, 2006 (2006-12-08) (United States)

***Blood Diamond*** is a 2006 American political action thriller film co-produced and directed by Edward Zwick and starring Leonardo DiCaprio, Jennifer Connelly, and Djimon Hounsou. The title refers to blood diamonds, which are diamonds mined in war zones and sold to finance conflicts, and thereby profit warlords and diamond companies across the world.

Set during the Sierra Leone Civil War of 1991–2002, the film depicts a country torn apart by the struggle between government loyalists and insurgent forces. It also portrays many of the atrocities of that war, including the rebels' amputation of civilians' hands to discourage them from voting in upcoming elections.

The film's ending, in which a conference is held concerning blood diamonds, refers to a historic meeting that took place in Kimberley, South Africa, in 2000. It led to development of the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme, which sought to certify the origin of rough diamonds in order to curb the trade in conflict diamonds; the certification scheme has since been mostly abandoned as ineffective.

The film received mainly positive reviews, with praise directed toward the performances of DiCaprio and Hounsou. The film grossed $171 million worldwide and received five Oscar nominations, including Best Actor for DiCaprio and Best Supporting Actor for Hounsou. DiCaprio received a nomination for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama (also nominated that year in the same category for *The Departed*). In addition, DiCaprio and Hounsou were nominated for Outstanding Male Actor in a Leading Role and Outstanding Male Actor in a Supporting Role at the 13th Screen Actors Guild Awards.

## Plot

The film is set in 1999 in Sierra Leone, a West African nation ravaged by a decade of civil war. Rebel factions such as the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) frequently terrorize the countryside, intimidating Mende locals and enslaving many to harvest diamonds, which fund their increasingly successful war effort. One such unfortunate local is fisherman Solomon Vandy (Djimon Hounsou) from Shenge. While his family escapes the rebels, Vandy is assigned to a workforce overseen by Captain Poison (David Harewood), a ruthless warlord.

One morning, while mining a river, Vandy discovers an enormous pink diamond. Captain Poison tries to take the stone, but the area is suddenly raided by government troops. Vandy buries the stone before being captured. Both Vandy and Poison are incarcerated in the Sierra Leone capital of Freetown, along with Danny Archer (Leonardo DiCaprio), a Rhodesian smuggler and mercenary. Archer, a veteran of the 32 Battalion during the South African Border War, was jailed while trying to smuggle diamonds into Liberia. They were intended for Rudolph van de Kaap (Marius Weyers), a corrupt South African mining executive and a major part of the international diamond industry.

Hearing of the pink diamond in prison, Archer arranges for himself and Vandy to be freed from detention. He travels to Cape Town to meet his employer, Colonel Coetzee (Arnold Vosloo), an Afrikaner formerly with the apartheid-era South African Defence Force, who now commands a private military company. Archer wants the diamond so he can sell it and leave the continent forever, but Coetzee wants it as compensation for Archer's botched smuggling mission. Archer returns to Sierra Leone, locates Vandy, and offers to help him find his family if he will help recover the diamond.

Meanwhile, RUF insurgents escalate hostilities; Freetown falls to their advance while Vandy's son Dia is among those rounded up to serve as a child soldier under a liberated Captain Poison. Archer and Vandy narrowly escape to Lungi, where Vandy encounters his wife and daughters in a refugee camp, but finds that his son has been taken by the RUF. Vandy and Archer plan to reach Kono, where Vandy buried the diamond, with an American journalist named Maddy Bowen (Jennifer Connelly), who is attempting to write an exposé on the illicit diamond trade. In exchange for her help, Archer promises to provide her the evidence she needs for her story.

Archer and Vandy, disguised as television journalists, travel with Maddy and a press convoy destined for Kono, but the convoy is ambushed by rebels and the three are forced to flee. While trekking through the jungle, they encounter Kamajor militiamen, who take them to the home of a friendly local named Benjamin Kapanay. The kindhearted Kapanay offers to drive them to Kono, though he is injured by an RUF child soldier on the way. The trio arrive in Kono after a harrowing journey, where Coetzee and his private army—contracted by the Sierra Leone government—prepare to repulse the rebel offensive.

Archer, having developed respect for Maddy, gives her the evidence and forces her to evacuate the country with other civilians; Archer and Vandy, having stolen weapons and supplies from Colonel Coetzee's army, set out for Captain Poison's encampment to retrieve the nearby diamond. Along the way, the two men begin fighting over what they perceive as the ultimate goal: Archer wants the diamond, while Vandy cares only about finding his son.

They arrive at the encampment where Archer, seeing they are heavily outnumbered, calls Coetzee's army via satellite phone to request backup. Vandy, still desperate to find his son, sneaks into the encampment and locates Dia; due to Dia's brainwashing, he refuses to acknowledge his father. Vandy is captured but manages to escape once Coetzee's army arrives. Vandy finds Captain Poison and beats him to death with a shovel as the mercenaries overwhelm the RUF defenders. Coetzee then takes Dia hostage and forces Vandy to produce the diamond, but Archer kills Coetzee after realizing the colonel would eventually kill them both. Dia briefly holds the pair at gunpoint, but Vandy is able to talk him down by reminding him of who he was before his kidnapping. Pursued by vengeful mercenaries, Archer discloses he has been mortally wounded and entrusts the stone to Vandy, telling him to take it for his family. Vandy and his son rendezvous with Archer's pilot, who flies them to safety while Archer makes a final phone call to Maddy, who is in Cape Town; they share final farewells as he asks her to assist Vandy and his family, and he gives her permission to finish her article. Archer finally takes in the beautiful African landscape before dying.

Vandy and Maddy meet in London, where they execute an undercover operation meant to expose the van de Kaap operation's dirty dealings. Vandy exchanges the pink diamond for a large sum of money and a reunion with his entire family. Maddy takes photographs of the exchange and publishes in her exposé on the diamond trade and van de Kaap's criminal actions. Later, Vandy appears as a guest speaker at a conference on blood diamonds in Kimberley, where he is met with a standing ovation.

## Cast

* Leonardo DiCaprio as Danny Archer
* Djimon Hounsou as Solomon Vandy
* Jennifer Connelly as Maddy Bowen
* Kagiso Kuypers as Dia Vandy
* Arnold Vosloo as Colonel Coetzee
* Antony Coleman as Cordell Brown
* Benu Mabhena as Jassie Vandy
* Anointing Lukola as N'Yanda Vandy
* David Harewood as Captain Poison
* Basil Wallace as Benjamin Kapanay
* Jimi Mistry as Nabil
* Michael Sheen as Rupert Simmons
* Marius Weyers as Rudolf van de Kaap
* Keithian D. Sammons as Djabu
* Stephen Collins as Ambassador Walker
* Ntare Mwine as M'Ed
* Ato Essandoh as Captain Rambo
* Percy Matsemela as Commander Zero
* Kedibone Tholo Manyaka as Prostitute #1
* Koketso Mojela as Prostitute #2
* Gaurav Chopra as French Journalist
* Clare Holman as News Reporter
* Sam Elliott as Dave (uncredited)
* Irmelin DiCaprio as Woman At Airport (uncredited)

## Production

Charles Leavitt was hired by Warner Bros. in February 2004 to rewrite an early draft of the film, then titled *Okavango*. The story had been stuck in development hell at the studio for years before producers Paula Weinstein and Gillian Gorfil finally decided on the story of an African farmer caught up in the conflict between an American smuggler and the local diamond mining organization. Leavitt researched the diamond industry at great length before he began writing the screenplay, explaining that he has "always been a stickler for immersing [himself] in research". He wrote the film with the assumption that it would offend the diamond industry, particularly De Beers, and so made sure to portray the industry truthfully, aware that he could potentially be sued by De Beers and other powerful mining corporations. Paula Weinstein was impressed by Leavitt's *Blood Diamond* draft, but hired writers Ed Zwick and Marshall Herskovitz to rewrite it. By the time he had completed the script, Zwick had become so interested in the story that he agreed to direct the film as well.

## Release

### Critical response

File:LeonardoDiCaprioNov08.jpgFile:Djimon Hounsou (cropped).jpg
On Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 63% based on reviews from 219 critics, with an average score of 6.30/10. The site's consensus states "*Blood Diamond* overcomes poor storytelling with its biting commentary and fine performances." On Metacritic it has a weighted average score of 64 out of 100, based on 39 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film a grade of A- on a scale from A to F.

Claudia Puig of *USA Today* gave the film a positive review, calling *Blood Diamond* "a gem in a season with lots of worthy movies". Puig also praised DiCaprio's acting, calling it "the first time the boyish actor has truly seemed like a man on film". Peter Rainer of *The Christian Science Monitor* also gave the film a positive review, and like Puig, praised DiCaprio's acting: "DiCaprio is remarkable—his work is almost on par with his performance this year in *The Departed*." William Arnold of the *Seattle Post-Intelligencer* gave the film a positive review, saying "Zwick's narrative skills keep us hooked on the story, and the first-rate production values and imaginative use of locations (it was shot in Mozambique) give the film an enthralling scope and epic sweep." Damon Wise of *Empire* magazine gave the film four out of five stars, saying "Great performances, provocative ideas and gripping action scenes fall prey to Hollywood logic and pat storytelling in the final hour." David Edelstein of *New York* magazine found the film exceeded his expectations: "Given that the movie doesn't have a single narrative surprise—you always know where it's going and why, commercially speaking, it's going there—it's amazing how good *Blood Diamond* is. I guess that's the surprise." Ann Hornaday of *The Washington Post* also praised DiCaprio's acting in both *Blood Diamond* and *The Departed* (released the same year), saying that he "has undergone a major growth spurt this year". She called the film as a whole "an unusually smart, engaged popcorn flick".

James Berardinelli of the *ReelViews* gave the film three out of four stars, saying "It's a solid performance from Leonardo DiCaprio, who has grown into this sort of gritty role and is more believable after having been seen dancing on the dark side in *The Departed*." Dana Stevens of *Slate* magazine wrote, "*Blood Diamond* is a by-the-numbers message picture, to be sure... But the director, Edward Zwick, is craftsman enough that the pace never slackens, the chase scenes thrill, and the battle scenes sicken. And if it makes viewers think twice about buying their sweethearts that hard-won hunk of ice for Christmas, so much the better." Ty Burr of *The Boston Globe*, after giving the film a positive review, stated: "As an entry in the advocacy-entertainment genre, in which glamorous movie stars bring our attention to the plight of the less fortunate, *Blood Diamond* is superior to 2003's ridiculous *Beyond Borders* while looking strident and obvious next to last year's *The Constant Gardener*.

Pete Vonder Haar of the *Film Threat* gave the film a mixed review, saying, "It's a reasonably entertaining actioner, and Zwick doesn't shy away from depicting violence or the horrors of war, but as a social statement it falls a little short. And emeralds are prettier anyway." Marc Savlov of *The Austin Chronicle* also gave the film a mixed review: "While the film never quite reaches the emotional peaks it so obviously seeks to scale, Zwick's film is still potent enough to save you three months salary." Nathan Lee of the *Village Voice*, like Vonder Haar and Savlov, also gave the film a mixed review, suggesting that "De Beers can relax; the only indignation stirred up by *Blood Diamond* won't be among those who worry about where their jewelry came from, but with audiences incensed by facile politics and bad storytelling". Scott Tobias of *The A.V. Club* gave the film a C grade: "Much like Zwick's *Glory* and *The Last Samurai*, *Blood Diamond* strives to be an important film while stopping well short of being genuinely provocative and artistically chancy." Mick LaSalle of the *San Francisco Chronicle* gave the film a negative review, arguing that "director Edward Zwick tried to make a great movie, but somewhere in the process he forgot to make a good one".

### Box office performance

*Blood Diamond* opened on December 8, 2006, in the United States and Canada in 1,910 theaters. The film ranked at #5 on its opening weekend, accumulating $8,648,324, with a per-theater average of $4,527. The film's five-day gross was $10,383,962.

The film dropped down to #7 on its second weekend, accumulating $6,517,471 in a 24.6% drop from its first weekend, and per-theater average of $3,412. By its third weekend it dropped even more to #12 and made $3,126,379, with its per-theater average being $1,628.

*Blood Diamond* went on to gross $57,377,916 in the United States and Canada and $114,029,263 overseas. In total, the film has grossed $171,407,179 worldwide.

## Music

* December 19, 2006 (2006-12-19)

*Blood Diamond: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack* is the soundtrack to the film of the same name, released on December 19, 2006, by Varèse Sarabande. It was composed by James Newton Howard and won the Soundtrack of the Year award at the 2008 Classic Brit Awards.

## Home media

*Blood Diamond* was released on DVD in region 1 format on March 20, 2007. Both a single-disc and a two-disc version were released. The film has sold an estimated 3.6 million DVD units and has grossed $62.7 million in sales.

## See also

* Conflict resource – Natural resources sold to fund war
* Resource curse – A phenomenon in which a resource-rich country develops more slowly than others

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 BLOOD DIAMOND.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Blood Diamond (2007). *Box Office Mojo*. IMDb.
3. ↑ Blood Diamond. *The-Numbers.com*. Nash Information Services, LLC.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Template:Cite magazine
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Faye, Denis (2006). *Diamond* Scribe. Writers Guild of America West.
6. ↑ Brodesser, Claude (June 28, 2005). WB polishes 'Diamond'. *Variety*.
7. ↑ *Blood Diamond*. Fandango Media.
8. ↑ *Blood Diamond*. CBS Interactive.
9. ↑ BLOOD DIAMOND (2006) A-. *CinemaScore*.
10. ↑ Puig, Claudia (December 7, 2006). *Blood Diamond* shines forth.
11. ↑ Rainer, Peter (December 8, 2006). Star-studded, flawed diamond. *The Christian Science Monitor*.
12. ↑ Arnold, William (December 7, 2006). *Blood Diamond* is a multicarat message movie. *SeattlePI.com*. Hearst Communications Inc.
13. ↑ Wise, Damon. *Blood Diamond*. *Empire (film magazine)*. Bauer Consumer Media.
14. ↑ Edelstein, David (December 3, 2006). They Cut Glass. And Hands.. *NYMag.com*. New York Media LLC.
15. ↑ Hornaday, Ann (December 8, 2006). *Blood Diamond*. *WashingtonPost.com*.
16. ↑ Berardinelli, James (2007). Review: *Blood Diamond*. *ReelViews.net*.
17. ↑ Stevens, Dana (December 8, 2006). Trading Spaces. *Slate.com*. The Slate Group, LLC.
18. ↑ Burr, Ty (December 8, 2006). 'Diamond' trades on action and star appeal. *Boston.com*.
19. ↑ Vonder Haar, Pete (2006). *Blood Diamond*. *FilmThread.com*. Hamster Stampede LLC.
20. ↑ Savlov, Marc (December 8, 2006). *Blood Diamond*. *AustinChronicle.com*. Austin Chronicle Corp.
21. ↑ Lee, Nathan (November 28, 2006). Say It with Diamonds?. *Village Voice*. Village Voice, LLC.
22. ↑ Tobias, Scott (December 7, 2006). *Blood Diamond*. *AVClub.com*. Onion Inc.
23. ↑ LaSalle, Mick (December 8, 2006). Romancing the enormous conflict diamond. *SFGate.com*. Hearst Communications Inc.
24. ↑ Weekend Box Office Results for December 8–10. *Box Office Mojo*. IMDb.
25. ↑ Daily Box Office Results for December 12. *Box Office Mojo*. IMDb.
26. ↑ Weekend Box Office Results for December 15–17. *Box Office Mojo*. IMDb.
27. ↑ Weekend Box Office Results for December 22–24. *Box Office Mojo*. IMDb.
28. ↑ The 79th Academy Awards Nominees and Winners. *Oscars.org*.
29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 *Blood Diamond* – DVD Sales. *The-Numbers.com*. Nash Information Services, LLC.
30. ↑ *Blood Diamond* [DVD [2007]]. *Amazon.com*.
31. ↑ *Blood Diamond* (Two-Disc Special Edition) (2007). *Amazon.com*.

## External links

Template:Wikiquote

* Official website (May 2, 2007, archived version)
* *Blood Diamond* at IMDb
* Template:Allmovie title
* Template:Tcmdb title
* Template:Mojo title

Template:Edward Zwick