recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Black-and-white Ruffed Lemur

The black-and-white ruffed lemur is an endangered species of ruffed lemur, one of two which are endemic to the island of Madagascar. Despite having a larger range than the red ruffed lemur, it has a much smaller population that is spread out, living in lower population densities and reproductively isolated.
Black Grouse

The black grouse or blackgame or blackcock is a large game bird in the grouse family. It is a sedentary species, breeding across the Palearctic in moorland and bog areas near to woodland, mostly boreal. The black grouse is closely related to the Caucasian grouse. The female is greyish-brown and has a cackling call.
Aurochs

The **aurochs**, also known as **urus** or **ure** (*Bos primigenius*), is an extinct species of large wild cattle that inhabited Asia, Europe, and North Africa. It is the ancestor of domestic cattle. The species survived in Europe until 1627, when the last recorded aurochs died in the Jaktorów Forest, Poland.
American Badger

The **American badger** (*Taxidea taxus*) is a North American badger, somewhat similar in appearance to the European badger, although not closely related. It is found in the western and central United States, northern Mexico, and south-central Canada to certain areas of southwestern British Columbia.
Bateleur

The **Bateleur** (*Terathopius ecaudatus*) is a medium-sized eagle in the family Accipitridae. Its closest relatives are the snake eagles. It is the only member of the genus *Terathopius* and may be the origin of the "Zimbabwe Bird", the national emblem of Zimbabwe. It is endemic to Africa and small parts of Arabia.
Boa Constrictor

The **boa constrictor** (*Boa constrictor*), also called the **red-tailed boa** or the **common boa**, is a species of large, non-venomous, heavy-bodied snake that is frequently kept and bred in captivity.

## Behavior

Boa constrictors are typically solitary, said Heyborne. They are mostly nocturnal, though they will sometimes come out during the day to sun themselves in cooler temperatures. These snakes, especially young ones, are semi-arboreal, said Heyborne.
Baikal Seal

The **Baikal seal**, **Lake Baikal seal** or **nerpa** (*Pusa sibirica*), is a species of earless seal endemic to Lake Baikal in Siberia, Russia. Like the Caspian seal, it is related to the Arctic ringed seal. The Baikal seal is one of the smallest true seals and the only exclusively freshwater pinniped species.
Asian Water Monitor

The Asian water monitor, also called common water monitor, is a large varanid lizard native to South and Southeast Asia. It is one of the most common monitor lizards in Asia, ranging from Sri Lanka and coastal northeast India to Indochina, Malay Peninsula, and Indonesian islands where it lives close to water.
African Wildcat

The **African wildcat** (*Felis lybica*) is a wildcat species native to Africa, West and Central Asia up to Rajasthan in India and Xinjiang in China. The IUCN Red List status Least Concern is attributed to the species Felis silvestris, which at the time of assessment also included the African wildcat as a subspecies.
Brown Hyena

The **brown hyena** (*Hyaena brunnea*), also called **strandwolf**, is a species of hyena found in Namibia, Botswana, western and southern Zimbabwe, southern Mozambique and South Africa. It is currently the rarest species of hyena. The largest remaining brown hyena population is located in the southern Kalahari Desert and coastal areas in Southwest Africa. The global population of brown hyena is estimated by IUCN at a number between 4,000 and 10,000 and its conservation status is marked as near threatened in the IUCN Red List.
Brown-headed Cowbird

The brown-headed cowbird is a small obligate brood parasitic icterid of temperate native to subtropical North America. They are permanent residents in the southern parts of their range; northern birds migrate to the southern United States and Mexico in winter, returning to their summer habitat around March or April.
Bighorn Sheep

The **bighorn sheep** (*Ovis canadensis*) is a species of sheep native to North America. The species is named for its large horns. A pair of horns might weigh up to 14 kg (30 lb); the sheep weigh up to 140 kg (300 lb). Recent genetic testing indicates three distinct subspecies of Ovis canadensis, one of which is endangered: O. c. sierrae. Sheep originally crossed to North America over the Bering Land Bridge from Siberia; the population in North America peaked in the millions, and the bighorn sheep entered into the mythology of Native Americans. By 1900, the population had crashed to several thousand, due to diseases introduced through European livestock and overhunting.
African Wild Ass

The African wild ass or African wild donkey is a wild member of the horse family, Equidae. This species is believed to be the ancestor of the domestic donkey, which is usually placed within the same species. They live in the deserts and other arid areas of the Horn of Africa, in Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia.
Arctic Ground Squirrel

The **Arctic ground squirrel** (*Urocitellus parryii*) (Inuktitut: *ᓯᒃᓯᒃ*, *siksik*) is a species of ground squirrel native to the Arctic and Subarctic of North America and Asia. People in Alaska, particularly around the Aleutians, refer to them as "parka" squirrels, most likely because their pelt is good for the ruff on parkas and for clothing.
Alpaca

The **alpaca** *(Vicugna pacos*) is a species of South American camelid descended from the vicuña. It is similar to, and often confused with, the llama. However, alpacas are often noticeably smaller than llamas. The two animals are closely related and can successfully cross-breed. Alpacas and llamas are related to the guanaco. There are two breeds of alpaca: the Suri alpaca and the Huacaya alpaca.
Asian Arowana

The **Asian arowana** (*Scleropages formosus*) comprises several phenotypic varieties of freshwater fish distributed geographically across Southeast Asia. While most consider the different varieties to belong to a single species, work by Pouyaud et al. (2003) differentiates these varieties into multiple species.
Australian Giant Cuttlefish

*Sepia apama*, also known as the **giant cuttlefish** and **Australian giant cuttlefish**, is the world's largest cuttlefish species, growing to 50 cm (20 in) in mantle length and over 10.5 kg (23 lb) in weight. Using cells known as chromatophores, the cuttlefish can put on spectacular displays, changing color in an instant.
Asian Fairy-bluebird

The Asian fairy-bluebird is a medium-sized, arboreal passerine bird. This fairy-bluebird is found in forests across tropical southern Asia, Indochina, the Greater Sundas and Palawan. Two or three eggs are laid in a small cup nest in a tree. It was described by British ornithologist John Latham in 1790.
Alligator Gar

The **alligator gar** (*Atractosteus spatula*) is a ray-finned euryhaline fish related to the bowfin in the infraclass Holostei /hoʊˈlɒstiaɪ/. It is the largest species in the gar family, and among the largest freshwater fishes in North America. The fossil record traces its group's existence back to the Early Cretaceous over 100 million years ago.
Black Wildebeest

The **black wildebeest** or **white-tailed gnu** (*Connochaetes gnou*) is one of the two closely related wildebeest species. It is a member of the genus *Connochaetes* and family Bovidae. It was first described in 1780 by Eberhard August Wilhelm von Zimmermann. The black wildebeest is typically 170–220 cm (67–87 in) in head-and-body length, and the typical weight is 110–180 kg (240–400 lb). Males stand about 111–121 cm (44–48 in) at the shoulder, while the height of the females is 106–116 cm (42–46 in). The black wildebeest is characterised by its white, long, horse-like tail. It also has a dark brown to black coat and long, dark-coloured hair between its forelegs and under its belly.
Barnacle Goose

The barnacle goose belongs to the genus Branta of black geese, which contains species with largely black plumage, distinguishing them from the grey Anser species. Despite its superficial similarity to the brant goose, genetic analysis has shown it is an eastern derivative of the cackling goose lineage.
Bactrian Camel

The Domestic bactrian camel (Camelus ferus bactrianus) is a large, even-toed ungulate native to the steppes of Central Asia. The Bactrian camel has two humps on its back, as does the wild Bactrian camel (a separate species), but in contrast to the single-humped dromedary camel. Its population of two million exists mainly in the domesticated form. Their name comes from the ancient historical region of Bactria.

The domesticated Bactrian camel has served as a pack animal in inner Asia since ancient times. With its tolerance for cold, drought, and high altitudes, it enabled the travel of caravans on the Silk Road. A small number of feral Bactrian camels still roam the Mangystau Province of southwest Kazakhstan and the Nubra Valley in India.
African Lion/Subspecies/Variants

These are subspecies and variants of the African Lion.

## Gallery

Masai Lion (*Panthera leo nubica*) (Available in African Adventure Species Pack)Transvaal Lion (*Panthera leo krugeri*)Katanga Lion (*Panthera leo bleyenbrrgri*)Congo Lion (*Panthera leo azendica*)West African Lion (*Panthera leo senegalensis*) (Available in Conservation Creatures Species Pack)Barbary Lion (*Panthera leo leo†wild*)Cape Lion (*Panthera leo melanochaitus†*) (Available in Extinct Species Animal Pack)
Barn Owl

The **barn owl** (*Tyto alba*) is the most widely distributed species of owl and one of the most widespread of all birds. It is also referred to as the **common barn owl**, to distinguish it from other species in its family, Tytonidae, which forms one of the two main lineages of living owls, the other being the typical owls.
American Robin

The **American robin** (*Turdus migratorius*) is a migratory songbird of the true thrush genus and Turdidae, the wider thrush family. It is named after the European robin because of its reddish-orange breast, though the two species are not closely related, with the European robin belonging to the Old World flycatcher family.
Broadleaf Cattail

*Typha latifolia* (**broadleaf cattail**, **bulrush**, **common bulrush**, **common cattail**, **cat-o'-nine-tails**, **great reedmace**, **cooper's reed**, **cumbungi**) is a perennial herbaceous plant in the genus Typha. It is found as a native plant species in North and South America, Europe, Eurasia, and Africa.
Chinese Mitten Crab

The Chinese mitten crab, also known as the Shanghai hairy crab, is a medium-sized burrowing crab that is named for its furry claws, which resemble mittens. It is native to rivers, estuaries and other coastal habitats of eastern Asia from Korea in the north to the Fujian province of China in the south.
Brown Bear

The **brown bear** (*Ursus arctos*) is a bear species that is found across much of northern Eurasia and North America. In North America, the populations of brown bears are often called "grizzly bears". It is one of the largest living terrestrial members of the order Carnivora, rivalled in size only by its closest relative, the polar bear (*Ursus maritimus*), which is much less variable in size and slightly larger on average. The brown bear's principal range includes parts of Russia, Central Asia, China, Canada, the United States, Hokkaido, Scandinavia, and the Carpathian region, especially Romania, Anatolia and the Caucasus. The brown bear is recognized as a national and state animal in several European countries.
Aquatic Genet

The **aquatic genet** (*Genetta piscivora*) is a genet that has only been recorded in the northeast of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Since it is only known from about 30 specimens in zoological collections, it had been listed as Data Deficient on the IUCN Red List since 1996, as it is considered one of Africa's rarest carnivores. In 2015, it has been reassessed as Near Threatened.
American Bittern

The **American bittern** (*Botaurus lentiginosus*) is a species of wading bird in the heron family. It has a Nearctic distribution, breeding in Canada and the northern and central parts of the United States, and wintering in the U.S. Gulf Coast states, all of Florida into the Everglades, the Caribbean islands and parts of Central America.
Bearded Vulture

The **bearded vulture** (*Gypaetus barbatus*), also known as the **lammergeier** (or **lammergeyer**) or **ossifrage**, is a bird of prey and the only member of the genus Gypaetus. Traditionally considered an Old World vulture, it actually forms a minor lineage of Accipitridae together with the Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus), its closest living relative.
Cane Toad

The cane toad, also known as the giant neotropical toad or marine toad, is a large, terrestrial true toad native to South and mainland Central America, but which has been introduced to various islands throughout Oceania and the Caribbean, as well as Northern Australia. It is the world's largest toad.
Bharal

The ***bharal*** (*Pseudois nayaur*), also called the **Helan Shan blue sheep**, **Chinese blue sheep**, **Himalayan blue sheep** or **naur**, is a caprid found in Bhutan, Gansu, the high Himalayas of India, Inner Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Ningxia, Pakistan, Sichuan and Tibet. The Helan Mountains of Ningxia has the highest concentration of bharal in the world, with 15 bharals per squared kilometers and 30,000 in total. Its native names include yanyang (岩羊) in Mandarin, bharal, barhal, bharar and bharut in Hindi, na or sna in Tibetan and Ladakh, nabo in Spitian, naur in Nepali and na or gnao in Bhutan.
Burrowing Owl

The **burrowing owl** (*Athene cunicularia*) is a small, long-legged owl found throughout open landscapes of North and South America. Burrowing owls can be found in grasslands, rangelands, agricultural areas, deserts, or any other open dry area with low vegetation. They nest and roost in burrows, such as those excavated by prairie dogs (*Cynomys* spp.).
Blue-throated Macaw

The **blue-throated macaw** (*Ara glaucogularis*; previously *Ara caninde*), also known as the Caninde macaw or Wagler's macaw, is a macaw endemic to a small area of north-central Bolivia, known as Los Llanos de Moxos. In 2014 this species was designated by law as a natural patrimony of Bolivia, where it is known as barba azul, which means 'blue beard' in Spanish.
American Black Bear

The **American black bear** (*Ursus americanus*, previously known as *Euarctos americanus*) is a medium-sized bear native to North America. It is the continent's smallest and most widely distributed bear species. American black bears are omnivores, with their diets varying greatly depending on season and location. They typically live in largely forested areas, but do leave forests in search of food. Sometimes they become attracted to human communities because of the immediate availability of food. The American black bear is the world's most common bear species.
African Golden Wolf

The **African golden wolf** (*Canis anthus* or *Canis lupaster*) is a canine native to North Africa and the Horn of Africa. It is the descendant of a genetically admixed canid of 72% gray wolf and 28% Ethiopian wolf ancestry. It occurs in Senegal Nigeria, Chad, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and Egypt, and in Tanzania. It is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List.[1] In the Atlas Mountains, it was sighted in elevations as high as 1,800 m (5,900 ft). It is primarily a predator, targeting invertebrates and mammals as large as gazelle fawns, though larger animals are sometimes taken. Its diet also includes animal carcasses, human refuse, and fruit. The African golden wolf is a monogamous and territorial species, offspring remain with the family to assist in raising their parents' younger pups.
Chinese Alligator

The **Chinese alligator** (*Alligator sinensis*, simplified Chinese: 扬子鳄; traditional Chinese: 揚子鱷; pinyin: yángzǐ'è), also known as the **Yangtze alligator**, **China alligator**, or historically the **muddy dragon**, is a critically endangered crocodilian endemic to China. It and the American alligator are the only living species in the genus Alligator of the family Alligatoridae. Dark gray or black in color with a fully armored body, the Chinese alligator grows to 1.5–2.1 metres (5–7 ft) in length and weighs 36–45 kilograms (80–100 lb) as an adult. It brumates in burrows in winter and is nocturnal in summer. Mating occurs in early summer, with females most commonly producing 20–30 eggs, which are smaller than those of any other crocodilian. The species is an opportunistic feeder, primarily eating fish and invertebrates. A vocal species, adults bellow during the mating season and young vocalize to communicate with their parents and other juveniles. Captive specimens have reached age 70, and wild specimens can live to over 50.
Alpine Ibex

The **Alpine ibex** (*Capra ibex*), also known as the **steinbock**, **bouquetin**, or simply **ibex**, is a species of wild goat that lives in the mountains of the European Alps. It is a sexually dimorphic species with larger males that carry larger, curved horns. Their coat colour is typically brownish grey. Alpine ibex tend to live in steep, rough terrain near the snow line. They are also social, although adult males and females segregate for most of the year, coming together only to mate. Four distinct groups exist; adult male groups, female-offspring groups, groups of young individuals, and mixed-sex groups.
Anomalocaris

***Anomalocaris*** is an extinct genus of radiodont, an order of animals thought to be closely related to ancestral arthropods. The first fossils of Anomalocaris were discovered in the Ogygopsis Shale by Joseph Frederick Whiteaves, with more examples found by Charles Doolittle Walcott in the Burgess Shale.
African Forest Elephant

The **African forest elephant** (*Loxodonta cyclotis*) is one of the two living African elephant species. It is native to humid forests in West Africa and the Congo Basin. It is the smallest of the three living elephant species, reaching a shoulder height of 2.4 m.

## Behavior

The African Forest Elephant also uses its tusks to defend itself from predators such as leoprards, and to fight with other male African Forest Elephants during the mating season. Males are generally fairly solitary but females and their young form small family groups known as herds.

## Did You Know?

* Forest Elephants and Bush Elephants used to be subspecies, until somepoint in 2000, 2002 and 2014, basicly, Scientists knew that Forest elephants have darker coloring, smaller ears and pinker tusks than the larger bush elephant, wittch bush elephants are larger, have larger ears, light grey or brown skin and yellow or white tusks.
* The African forest elephant is the largest mammal in the Congo rainforest. They are the smallest of all three elephant species.
* African forest elephant numbers increased in 1999 and 2012, with the records of safari parks housing the Forest and bush elephant together in salty mud lakes.
American Bison

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The **American bison** or simply **bison** (*Bison bison*), also commonly known as the **American buffalo** or simply **buffalo**, is a North American and Siberian species of bison that once roamed North America in vast herds. Its historical range, by 9000 BCE, is described as the great bison belt, a tract of rich grassland that ran from Alaska to the Gulf of Mexico, east to the Atlantic Seaboard (nearly to the Atlantic tidewater in some areas) as far north as New York and south to Georgia and, according to some sources, down to Florida, with sightings in North Carolina near Buffalo Ford on the Catawba River as late as 1750. It nearly became extinct by a combination of commercial hunting and slaughter in the 19th century and introduction of bovine diseases from domestic cattle. With a population in excess of 60 million in the late 18th century, the species was down to 541 animals by 1889. Recovery efforts expanded in the mid-20th century, with a resurgence to roughly 31,000 animals today, largely restricted to a few national parks and reserves. Through multiple reintroductions, the species is now freely roaming in wild in Russian Yakutia and Mexico.
Asian Palm Civet

The **Asian palm civet** (*Paradoxurus hermaphroditus*) is a viverrid native to South and Southeast Asia. Since 2008, it is IUCN Red Listed as Least Concern as it accommodates to a broad range of habitats. It is widely distributed with large populations that in 2008 were thought unlikely to be declining. In Indonesia, it is threatened by poaching and illegal wildlife trade; buyers use it for the increasing production of kopi luwak.
Bat Star

The bat star, also known as a sea bat, webbed star, and broad-disk star, is a species of sea star in the family Asterinidae. It typically has five arms, with the center disk of the animal being much wider than the stubby arms are in length. Although the bat star usually has five arms, it sometimes has as many as nine.
Black Rhinoceros

The **black rhinoceros** or **hook-lipped rhinoceros** (*Diceros bicornis*) is a species of rhinoceros, native to eastern and central Africa including Kenya, Tanzania, Cameroon, South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe, and Angola. The species overall is classified as critically endangered, and one subspecies, the western black rhinoceros, was declared extinct by the IUCN in 2011.

## Behavior

Except for females and their offspring, black rhinos are solitary. Females reproduce only every two and a half to five years. Their single calf does not live on its own until it is about three years old. Black rhinos feed at night and during the gloaming hours of dawn and dusk.

## Did you know?

* Black rhinos have an upper prehensile lip, that is longer than the White rhinoceros.
* Rhinos can live up to 50 years.
* Rhino horns are made out of ceratin.
* Poachers kill black rhinos for their horns, making them the rarest animal in Kenya.
Bali Myna

The **Bali myna** (*Leucopsar rothschildi*), also known as **Rothschild's mynah**, **Bali starling**, or **Bali mynah**, locally known as **jalak Bali**, is a medium-sized (up to 25 centimetres (9.8 in) long), stocky myna, almost wholly white with a long, drooping crest, and black tips on the wings and tail. The bird has blue bare skin around the eyes, greyish legs and a yellow bill.
Andean Cock-of-the-rock

The **Andean cock-of-the-rock** (*Rupicola peruvianus*), also known as ***tunki*** (Quechua), is a large passerine bird of the cotinga family native to Andean cloud forests in South America. It is widely regarded as the national bird of Peru. It has four subspecies and its closest relative is the Guianan cock-of-the-rock.
Brachiosaurus

***Brachiosaurus*** is a genus of sauropod dinosaur that lived in North America during the Late Jurassic, about 154–153 million years ago. It was first described by American paleontologist Elmer S. Riggs in 1903 from fossils found in the Colorado River valley in western Colorado, United States.

## Behavior

Brachiosaurus the eyes and nostrils were set high up on the dome on its head, and the skull had many holes to lighten its weight. The forelegs are longer than the back legs unlike other sauropods. The high shoulders support a high feeding behavior.

## Did you know?

* *Brachiosaurus* has the longest neck and longest legs of all sauropods.
* *Brachiosaurus* means Arm Lizard, because of its front legs, resembeling human arms.
Black Mangrove

*Avicennia germinans*, the **black mangrove**, is a shrub in the acanthus family, Acanthaceae. It grows in tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas, on both the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, and on the Atlantic coast of tropical Africa, where it thrives on the sandy and muddy shores that seawater reaches.
Cheetah

The fastest land mammal in the world (not as fast as Peregrine Falcon), the **Cheetah** (*Acinonyx jubatus*) has many adaptations that allow it to sprint across the plains. Its rangy frame supports long limbs and a deep chest cavity, and this species has a small waist and an extremely flexible spine. Unlike other cats, the cheetah has claws that are not fully retractable, enabling it to grip the ground when in a hunting sprint. The large nostrils allow greater amounts of air to enter the lungs, and the tail is particularly long to provide extra balance when cornering. The common name of this species is derived from the Hindi word chita meaning ‘spotted’ or ‘sprinkled’. The coat of the cheetah is a yellowish, tan or tawny colour with black spots on the upperparts, and a paler, whitish colour on the underparts. The last third of the tail has a series of black rings. The small head has high-set eyes and small, flattened ears, and is instantly recognisable by the black ‘tear lines’ running from the corners of the eyes to the muzzle. Cheetah cubs have a mane of tufty pale hair which sticks upright on the back of their neck. Cheetahs mainly hunt during the day to avoid competition with larger predators such as lions and hyaenas, which usually hunt at night.
Beluga Whale

The **beluga whale** (/bɪˈluːɡə/) (*Delphinapterus leucas*) is an Arctic and sub-Arctic cetacean. It is one of two members of the family Monodontidae, along with the narwhal, and the only member of the genus *Delphinapterus*. It is also known as the **white whale**, as it is the only cetacean of this colour; the **sea canary**, due to its high-pitched calls; and the **melonhead**, though that more commonly refers to the melon-headed whale, which is an oceanic dolphin.
Aardwolf

The **aardwolf** (*Proteles cristata*) is an insectivorous mammal, native to East and Southern Africa. Its name means "earth-wolf" in Afrikaans and Dutch. It is also called "maanhaar-jackal" (Afrikaans for "mane-jackal"), "Nxi" by the Nama people, "ant hyena", "termite-eating hyena" and "civet hyena", based on its habit of secreting substances from its anal gland, a characteristic shared with the African civet. The aardwolf is in the same family as the hyena. Unlike many of its relatives in the order Carnivora, the aardwolf doesn't hunt large animals. It eats insects and their larvae, mainly termites; one aardwolf can lap up as many as 250,000 termites during a single night using its long, sticky tongue.
Central American Red Brocket

The Central American red brocket is a species of brocket deer ranging from southern Mexico, through Central America, to northwestern Colombia. It was formerly treated as a subspecies of the red brocket from South America, but its karyotype has 2n = 50, while the latter's was initially described as having 2n = 68–70.
African Buffalo

The **African buffalo** or **Cape buffalo** (*Syncerus caffer*) is a large Sub-Saharan African bovine. *Syncerus caffer caffer*, the Cape buffalo, is the typical subspecies, and the largest one, found in Southern and East Africa. *S. c. nanus* (African forest buffalo) is the smallest subspecies, common in forest areas of Central and West Africa, while *S. c. brachyceros* is in West Africa and *S. c. aequinoctialis* is in the savannas of East Africa. The adult buffalo's horns are its characteristic feature: they have fused bases, forming a continuous bone shield across the top of the head referred to as a "boss". They are widely regarded as among the most dangerous animals on the African continent, and according to some estimates they gore, trample, and kill over 200 people every year.
Black and Rufous Elephant Shrew

The **black and rufous elephant shrew**, (*Rhynchocyon petersi*) the **black and rufous sengi**, or the **Zanj elephant shrew** is one of the 17 species of elephant shrew found only in Africa. Like other members of the genus *Rhynchocyon*, it is a relatively large species, with adults averaging about 28 cm (11 in) in length and 450-700 g (1.0-1.5 lb) in weight. It is native to the lowland montane and dense forests of Kenya and Tanzania. It eats insects such as beetles, termites, and centipedes, using its proboscis to dig them from the soil and its tongue to lick them up. It typically builds ground level nests for shelter requiring dry leaf litter often at the base of trees. Like most elephant shrews, it lives in monogamous pairs, defending hectare-sized territories.
Coconut Crab

The **coconut crab** (*Birgus latro*) is a species of terrestrial hermit crab, also known as the **robber crab** or **palm thief**. It is the largest land-living arthropod in the world, and is probably at the upper size limit for terrestrial animals with exoskeletons at current conditions during the Holocene, with a weight up to 4.1 kg (9.0 lb).
Edelweiss

*Leontopodium nivale*, commonly called **edelweiss** (English pronunciation /ˈeɪdəlvaɪs/), is a mountain flower belonging to the daisy or sunflower family Asteraceae. The plant prefers rocky limestone places at about 1,800–3,000 metres (5,900–9,800 ft) altitude. It is non-toxic and has been used in traditional medicine as a remedy against abdominal and respiratory diseases. The dense hair appears to protect the plant from cold, aridity, and ultraviolet radiation.

## Did You Know?

* Edelweiss is considered a national symbol all across central Europe.
African Spurred Tortoise

The African spurred tortoise, also called the sulcata tortoise, is a species of tortoise, which inhabits the southern edge of the Sahara desert, in Africa. It is the third-largest species of tortoise in the world, the largest species of mainland tortoise, and the only extant species in the genus Centrochelys.
African Golden Cat

The African golden cat is a wild cat endemic to the rainforests of West and Central Africa. It is threatened due to deforestation and bushmeat hunting and listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. It is a close relative of both the caracal and the serval. Previously, it was placed in the genus Profelis.
Blacktip Reef Shark

The **blacktip reef shark** (*Carcharhinus melanopterus*) is a species of requiem shark, in the family Carcharhinidae, easily identified by the prominent black tips on its fins (especially on the first dorsal fin and its caudal fin). Among the most abundant sharks inhabiting the tropical coral reefs of the Indian and Pacific Oceans, this species prefers shallow, inshore waters.
Black Swan

The **black swan** (*Cygnus atratus*) is a large waterbird, a species of swan which breeds mainly in the southeast and southwest regions of Australia. Within Australia they are nomadic, with erratic migration patterns dependent upon climatic conditions. Black swans are large birds with mostly black plumage and red bills.
Barbary Sheep

The **Barbary sheep** (*Ammotragus lervia*) or **aoudad** is a species of caprid native to rocky mountains in North Africa. Six subspecies have been described. Although it is rare in its native North Africa, it has been introduced to North America, southern Europe, and elsewhere. It is also known in the Berber language as **awdad**, **waddan**, **arwi**, and **arrwis**.
Beisa Oryx

The **East African oryx** (*Oryx beisa*), also known as the **beisa** is a species of antelope from East Africa. It has two subspecies: the common beisa oryx found in steppe and semidesert throughout the Horn of Africa and north of the Tana River, and the fringe-eared oryx south of the Tana River in southern Kenya and parts of Tanzania
Blue Wildebeest

The **blue wildebeest** (*Connochaetes taurinus*), also called the **common wildebeest**, **white-bearded wildebeest**, or **brindled gnu**, is a large antelope and one of the two species of wildebeests. It is placed in the genus Connochaetes and family Bovidae, and has a close taxonomic relationship with the black wildebeest. The blue wildebeest is known to have five subspecies. This broad-shouldered antelope has a muscular, front-heavy appearance, with a distinctive, robust muzzle. Young blue wildebeest are born tawny brown, and begin to take on their adult coloration at the age of 2 months. The adults' hues range from a deep slate or bluish-gray to light gray or even grayish-brown. Both sexes possess a pair of large curved horns.

## Behavior

The species of Blue Wildebeest displays both gregarious and territorial nature. These animals form massive herds and undertake long migration during the dry and rainy seasons in search for favorable grass and water.

## Did You Know

* During the dry or rainy season, wildebeests migrate with other animals from Kenya to Tanzania.
* An adult wildebeest is a dark brown or grey in color, but calfs are usally tan.
* The Blue Wildebeest is also known as the White-beareded or Common wildebeest (Sometimes refered as gnus) whitch is the sound wildebeests make.
Bat-eared Fox

The **bat-eared fox** (*Otocyon megalotis*) is a species of fox found on the African savanna, named for its large ears, which are used for thermoregulation. Fossil records show this canid first appeared during the middle Pleistocene, about 800,000 years ago. It is considered a basal canid species, resembling ancestral forms of the family, It has also been called a Sub-Saharan African version of a Fennec Fox due to their huge ears.
Atlantic Canary

The **Atlantic canary** (*Serinus canaria*), known worldwide simply as the **wild canary** and also called the island canary, canary, or common canary, is a small passerine bird belonging to the genus Serinus in the finch family, Fringillidae. It is native to the Canary Islands, the Azores, and Madeira.
Chicken

The **chicken** (*Gallus gallus domesticus*) is a type of domesticated fowl, a subspecies of the red junglefowl (*Gallus gallus*). They are one of the most common and widespread domestic animals, with a total population of 23.7 billion as of 2018, up from more than 19 billion in 2011. There are more chickens in the world than any other bird or domesticated fowl. Humans keep chickens primarily as a source of food (consuming both their meat and eggs) and, less commonly, as pets.
Chimpanzee

The **chimpanzee** (*Pan troglodytes*), also known as the **common chimpanzee**, robust chimpanzee, or simply "**chimp**", is a species of great ape native to the forests and savannahs of tropical Africa. It has four confirmed subspecies and a fifth proposed subspecies. The chimpanzee and the closely related bonobo (sometimes called the "pygmy chimpanzee") are classified in the genus Pan. Evidence from fossils and DNA sequencing shows that Pan is a sister taxon to the human lineage and is humans' closest living relative.
Blackbuck

The **blackbuck** (*Antilope cervicapra*), also known as the **Indian antelope**, is an antelope found in India, Nepal, and Pakistan. The blackbuck is the sole extant member of the genus Antilope. The species was described and given its binomial name by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus in 1758. Two subspecies are recognized.
African Bush Elephant/Subspecies/Variants

These are variants and subspecies of the African Bush Elephant.

## Gallery

East African Bush Elephant (*Loxodonta africana knochenhaureri*)South African Bush Elephant (*Loxodonta africana africana*)West African Plains Elephant (*Loxodonta africana oxoitis*)Ethiopian Elephant (*Loxodonta africana oreleansi*)Northern african elephant by sameerprehistorica-dalpzgf.jpgNorth African Bush Elephant (*Loxodonta africana pharaohensis†*) (Available in Extinct Animals Species Pack)
Budgerigar

The **budgerigar** (*Melopsittacus undulatus*) is a long-tailed, seed-eating parrot usually nicknamed the budgie, or in American English, the parakeet. Budgies are the only species in the genus *Melopsittacus*. Naturally, the species is green and yellow with black, scalloped markings on the nape, back, and wings.
African Bush Elephant

The **African bush elephant** (*Loxodonta africana*), also known as the **African savanna elephant**, is the largest living terrestrial animal with bulls reaching a shoulder height of up to 3.96 m (13.0 ft). Both sexes have tusks, which erupt when they are 1–3 years old and grow throughout life.

## Behavior

African elephants prefer 3 other elephants in the exhibit as they like to herd, the African elephant only likes the Savannah-Biome but if kept happy enough, it will tolerate the Shrublands-Biome. The African elephant and its forest and Asian counterpart sleeps and rests in elephant shelters. They also like a lot of water in their exhibit. They also enjoy playing with balls and logs, when an elephant is born, the herd will protect it. They do not mind sharing their exhibits with herbivores and other peaceful African shelters, as well as their Asian counterpart.

## Did You Know?

* African elephants have over 25 calls that they use to comunnicate.
* The African bush (or savannah) elephant can live as long as 70 years in the wild.
* There are 4,00000 muceles in an Elephant's trunk.
African Bullfrog

The African bullfrog is a species of frog in the family Pyxicephalidae. It is also known as the pixie frog due to its scientific name. It is found in Angola, Botswana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and possibly the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Bluebuck

The **bluebuck** (Afrikaans: **bloubok** /ˈblaʊbɒk/) or **blue antelope** (*Hippotragus leucophaeus*) is an extinct species of antelope that lived in South Africa until around 1800. It is congeneric with the roan antelope and sable antelope (belonging in the genus Hippotragus), but was smaller than either.
Bontebok

The **bontebok** (*Damaliscus pygargus*) is an antelope found in South Africa, Lesotho and Namibia. The bontebok has two subspecies; the bontebok (*Damaliscus pygargus pygargus*), occurring naturally in the Fynbos and Renosterveld areas of the Western Cape, and the blesbok (*Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi*) occurring in the highveld.
Archelon

***Archelon*** is an extinct marine turtle from the Late Cretaceous, and is the largest turtle ever to have been documented, with the biggest specimen measuring 460 cm from head to tail, 400 cm from flipper to flipper, and 2,200 kg in weight. It is known only from the Dakota Pierre Shale and has one species, *A. ischyros*.
Banteng

The banteng, also known as tembadau, is a species of wild cattle found in Southeast Asia. Banteng have been domesticated in several places in Southeast Asia, and there are around 1.5 million domestic banteng, which are called Bali cattle. These animals are used as working animals and for their meat.
Giant Burrowing Cockroach

The **giant burrowing cockroach** (*Macropanesthia rhinoceros*) is also known as the **rhinoceros cockroach**, **Queensland giant cockroach**, and **litter bug**. These cockroaches are native to Australia and mostly found in tropical parts of Queensland. They are the world's heaviest species of cockroach and can weigh up to 35 g (1.2 oz) and measure up to 8 cm (3.1 in) in length.
Chinstrap Penguin

The **chinstrap penguin** (*Pygoscelis antarcticus*) is a species of penguin that inhabits a variety of islands and shores in the Southern Pacific and the Antarctic Oceans. Its name stems from the narrow black band under its head, which makes it appear as if it were wearing a black helmet, making it easy to identify.
Emerald Toucanet

The **emerald toucanet** or **northern emerald toucanet** (*Aulacorhynchus prasinus*) is a species of near-passerine bird in the family Ramphastidae occurring in mountainous regions of Mexico and Central America. Several taxa formerly included within this species have now been re-classified into separate species of their own.
Common Box Turtle

The **common box turtle** (*Terrapene carolina*) is a species of box turtle with six existing subspecies. It is found throughout the Eastern United States and Mexico. The box turtle has a distinctive hinged lowered shell (the box) that allows it to completely enclose itself. Its upper jaw is long and curved.
Bearded Capuchin

The **bearded capuchin** (*Sapajus libidinosus*), also known as the **black-striped capuchin**, is a capuchin monkey from South America. It was the first non-ape primate in which tool usage was documented in the wild, as individuals have been seen cracking nuts by placing them on a stone "anvil" while hitting them with another large stone. Adaptations to carrying large stones and fruit include strengthened back and leg muscles that permit the monkey to walk on its hind legs while carrying stones. The black-striped capuchin has traditionally been considered a subspecies of the tufted capuchin. On the contrary, the southern population here included in S. libidinosus has sometimes been considered another species, Azaras's capuchin (*S. cay*) (syn. *S. paraguayanus*).
Eohippus

***Eohippus*** is an extinct genus of small equid ungulates. The only species is *E. angustidens*, which was long considered a species of *Hyracotherium*. Its remains have been identified in North America and date to the Early Eocene (Ypresian) stage.

## Did You Know?

* *Eohippus* was one of the earliest relatives to our modern-time horses.
Giant Tube Worm

*Riftia pachyptila*, commonly known as giant tube worms, are marine invertebrates in the phylum Annelida related to tube worms commonly found in the intertidal and pelagic zones. Riftia pachyptila live on the floor of the Pacific Ocean near black smokers, and can tolerate extremely high hydrogen sulfide levels.
Elasmotherium

***Elasmotherium*** is an extinct genus of large rhinoceros endemic to Eurasia during the Late Pliocene through the Pleistocene, existing from 2.6 Ma to at least as late as 39,000 years ago in the Late Pleistocene. A more recent date of 26,000 BP is considered less reliable. Three species are recognised.
Giant Panda

The **giant panda** (*Ailuropoda melanoleuca*; Chinese: 大熊猫; pinyin: *dàxióngmāo*), also known as the **panda bear** or simply the **panda**, is a bear native to south central China. It is characterised by large, black patches around its eyes, over the ears, and across its round body. The name "giant panda" is sometimes used to distinguish it from the red panda, a neighboring musteloid. Though it belongs to the order Carnivora, the giant panda is a folivore, with bamboo shoots and leaves making up more than 99% of its diet. Giant pandas in the wild will occasionally eat other grasses, wild tubers, or even meat in the form of birds, rodents, or carrion. In captivity, they may receive honey, eggs, fish, yams, shrub leaves, oranges, or bananas along with specially prepared food.

## Behavior

The giant panda is a terrestrial animal and primarily spends its life roaming and feeding in the bamboo forests of the Qinling Mountains and in the hilly province of Sichuan. Giant pandas are generally solitary. Each adult has a defined territory and a female is not tolerant of other females in her range.

## Did you know?

* Pandas are a type of bear that can't hibernate, they usally are seen near snow or bamboo rainforest.
* Giant Pandas are the National Animals of China.
* AZA American Zoos started to import pandas in 1996, 1998 and 2003. Pandas (By-Yung and Mei Mei) were inserted from China in 1999 to the San Diego Zoo in 2000 and 2003. Zoo Anlanta in 1998, and Memphis in 2003.
Dromedary

The dromedary, also called the Somali camel, is a large, even-toed ungulate with one hump on its back. It is the tallest of the three species of camel; adult males stand 1.8–2 m at the shoulder, while females are 1.7–1.9 m tall. Males typically weigh between 400 and 600 kg, and females weigh between 300 and 540 kg.
Bonobo

The bonobo (*Pan paniscus*), also historically called the **pygmy chimpanzee** and less often, the **dwarf** or **gracile chimpanzee**, is an endangered great ape and one of the two species making up the genus *Pan*; the other being the common chimpanzee (*Pan troglodytes*). Although bonobos are not a subspecies of chimpanzee (*Pan troglodytes*), but rather a distinct species in their own right, both species are sometimes referred to collectively using the generalized term chimpanzees, or chimps. Taxonomically, the members of the chimpanzee/bonobo subtribe Panina (comprised entirely by the genus Pan) are collectively termed panins.
Giant Sequoia Tree

*Sequoiadendron giganteum* (**giant sequoia**; also known as **giant redwood**, **Sierra redwood**, **Sierran redwood**, **Wellingtonia** or simply **big tree**, a nickname also used by John Muir) is the sole living species in the genus Sequoiadendron, and one of three species of coniferous trees known as redwoods, classified in the family Cupressaceae in the subfamily Sequoioideae, together with Sequoia sempervirens and Metasequoia glyptostroboides.
Eyelash Viper

*Bothriechis schlegelii*, known commonly as the **eyelash viper**, is a species of highly venomous pit viper in the family Viperidae. The species is native to Central and South America. Small and arboreal, this species is characterized by a wide array of color variations, as well as the superciliary scales above the eyes. It is the most common of the green palm-pitvipers (genus *Bothriechis*), and is often present in zoological exhibits. The specific name schlegelii honors Hermann Schlegel, who was a German ornithologist and herpetologist. No subspecies are currently recognized as being valid.
Aardvark

The **aardvark** (*Orycteropus afer*) is a medium-sized, burrowing, nocturnal mammal native to Africa. It is the only living species of the order Tubulidentata, although other prehistoric species and genera of Tubulidentata are known. Unlike other insectivores, it has a long pig-like snout, which is used to sniff out food. It roams over most of the southern two-thirds of the African continent, avoiding areas that are mainly rocky. A nocturnal feeder, it subsists on ants and termites, which it will dig out of their hills using its sharp claws and powerful legs. It also digs to create burrows in which to live and rear its young. It receives a "least concern" rating from the IUCN, although its numbers seem to be decreasing.

## Behavior

Aardvarks are solitary creatures, they prefer to live alone and have never been found in large numbers. Because they are nocturnal, nighttime, animals, they are not seen very often. In the warmer seasons, they come out of their burrows just after the sun sets.

## Did You Know?

* Aardvarks are afrotheres, a clade which also consists of elephants, manatees, and hyraxes.
Eastern Fox Squirrel

The **fox squirrel** (*Sciurus niger*), also known as the eastern fox squirrel or Bryant's fox squirrel, is the largest species of tree squirrel native to North America. Despite the differences in size and coloration, they are sometimes mistaken for American red squirrels or eastern gray squirrels in areas where the species co-exist.
Eastern Brown Snake

The eastern brown snake, often referred to as the common brown snake, is a highly venomous snake of the family Elapidae, native to eastern and central Australia and southern New Guinea. It was first described by André Marie Constant Duméril in 1854. The adult eastern brown snake is up to 2 m long with a slender build.
Giant Weta

*Deinacrida heteracantha*, also known as the Little Barrier giant wētā or wētāpunga, is a wētā in the order Orthoptera and family Anostostomatidae. It is endemic to New Zealand, where it survived only on Little Barrier Island, although it has been translocated to some other predator-free island conservation areas.
Galápagos Land Iguana

The **Galapagos land iguana** (*Conolophus subcristatus*) is a species of lizard in the family Iguanidae. It is one of three species of the genus Conolophus. It is endemic to the Galápagos Islands (Ecuador), in the dry lowlands of Fernandina, Isabela, Santa Cruz, North Seymour, Baltra, and South Plaza Islands.
Bald Eagle

The **bald eagle** (*Haliaeetus leucocephalus*) is a bird of prey found in North America. A sea eagle, it has two known subspecies and forms a species pair with the white-tailed eagle (*Haliaeetus albicilla*). Its range includes most of Canada and Alaska, all of the contiguous United States, and northern Mexico. It is found near large bodies of open water with an abundant food supply and old-growth trees for nesting.
European Mantis

The **European mantis** (*Mantis religiosa*) is a large hemimetabolic insect in the family of the Mantidae ('mantids'), which is the largest family of the order Mantodea (mantises). Their common name **praying mantis** is derived from the distinctive posture of the first pair of legs that can be observed in animals in repose. It resembles a praying attitude.
Giant Armadillo

The **giant armadillo** (*Priodontes maximus*), colloquially **tatou**, **ocarro**, **tatu-canastra** or **tatú carreta**, is the largest living species of armadillo (although their extinct relatives, the glyptodonts, were much larger). It lives in South America, ranging throughout as far south as northern Argentina. This species is considered vulnerable to extinction.