Timeline

## 1802

* The Treaty of Amiens is signed as a "Definitive Treaty of Peace" between France and the United Kingdom.
* William Wordsworth composes the sonnet 'Composed upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802'.
* 2nd February » Wellbore Ellis, 1st Baron Mendip, English politician, Secretary of State for the Colonies (b. 1713)
* 12th June Harriet Martineau, English sociologist and author was born.
* The Coalbrookdale Locomotive was built by Richard Trevithick.
* The railway system suffered heavy damage in some areas due to German Luftwaffe bombing, especially in cities such as London and Coventry. 482 locomotives, 13,314 passenger and 16,132 freight vehicles were damaged. However, this damage was not as extensive as it was in many other European countries such as France and Germany.

## 1803

* Napoleonic Wars: The United Kingdom and the Island of Sodor revokes the Treaty of Amiens and declares war on France.
* The Convention of Artlenburg is signed, leading to the French occupation of Hanover (which had been ruled by the United Kingdom of Great Britain, Island of Sodor, and Ireland known as British king).
* Douglas William Jerrold, English playwright was born.
* James Clarence Mangan, Irish poet was born.
* Edward Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Baron Lytton, English author, playwright, and politician, Secretary of State for the Colonies was born
* George James Webb, English-American composer was born
* Thomas Lovell Beddoes, English poet, playwright, and physician was born
* John Ericsson, Swedish engineer, co-designed the Novelty (locomotive) named Novelty Locomotive was born
* Joseph Paxton, English gardener and architect, designed The Crystal Palace was born
* Joseph Hansom, English architect, designed Birmingham Town Hall and invented the Hansom cab was born.
* William Emes, English gardener died.
* Sir James Montgomery, 1st Baronet, Scottish judge and politician died
* Matthew Thornton, Irish-American politician died.
* Roger Newdigate, English politician died.
* In 1803, a man named Samuel Homfray decided to fund the development of a steam-powered vehicle to replace the horse-drawn carts on the tramways. Richard Trevithick built that vehicle, the first steam engine tramway locomotive.

## 1804

* HMS *York* (1796) founders on patrol off Scotland, apparently striking the Inchcape rock, with the loss of all 491 on board.
* 3 January – Hammersmith Ghost murder case.
* 21 February – the Cornishman Richard Trevithick's newly built "Penydarren" steam locomotive operates on the Merthyr Tramroad between Penydarren Ironworks in Merthyr Tydfil and Abercynon in South Wales, following several trials since 13 February, the world's first locomotive to work on rails.
* 7 March John Wedgwood founds the Royal Horticultural Society as the Horticultural Society of London. Another founding member, William Forsyth, dies on 25 July.
* Thomas Charles is instrumental in founding the Bible Society.
* 2 April – forty merchant vessels are wrecked when a convoy led by HMS *Apollo* runs aground off Portugal.
* 5 April – High Possil meteorite, the first recorded meteorite to fall in Scotland in modern times, falls at Possil.
* 26 April – Henry Addington resigns as Prime Minister.
* 10 May – William Pitt the Younger begins his second premiership as Prime Minister.
* 12 December – Spain declares war on Britain.
* 21 December – Rochdale Canal opens, the first to cross the Pennines.
	+ Construction of Martello towers to protect the coasts of southeast England and Ireland against the threat of French invasion is begun, together with (from 30 October) the Royal Military Canal.
	+ Marlborough White Horse cut in Wiltshire.
	+ William Blake writes *Milton: a Poem* including the poem *And did those feet in ancient time*.
	+ William Wordsworth writes *I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud*.
	+ Early February – James Bronterre O'Brien, Irish-born Chartist leader, reformer and journalist (died 1864)
		- 4 April – Andrew Nicholl, Irish-born painter (died 1886)
		- 20 July – James Kay-Shuttleworth, educationist (died 1877)
		- 6 November – Benjamin Hall Kennedy, Latin scholar and promoter of women's higher education (died 1889)
		- 21 December – Benjamin Disraeli, Prime Minister (died 1881)
			* 4 January – Charlotte Lennox, author and poet (born 1727)
			* 15 January – Dru Drury, entomologist (born 1725)
			* 6 February – Joseph Priestley, chemist (born 1733)
			* 4 August – Adam Duncan, 1st Viscount Duncan, Scottish-born admiral (born 1731)
			* 29 October – Sarah Crosby, Methodist preacher (born 1729)
			* 23 November – Richard Graves, writer (born 1715)
			* Trevithick (1771 –1833) was an inventor from Cornwall, England. On 21 February 1804 the world's first locomotive-hauled railway journey took place as Trevithick's steam locomotive hauled a train along the tramway of the Penydarren Ironworks, in Merthyr Tydfil, Wales. Trevithick 200 years

## 1805

* 20 January – London Docks open
* 5 February – East Indiaman *Earl of Abergavenny* is wrecked in Weymouth Bay with the loss of 263 lives.
* 21 February – Charles Manners-Sutton confirmed as Archbishop of Canterbury.
	+ 18 April – Ordnance Survey begins systematic publication of its *General Survey of England and Wales* ("Old Series") maps to a scale of one inch to the mile (1:63,360) with those for Essex.
		- 4 June – the first Trooping the Colour ceremony at the Horse Guards Parade in London

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