recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
March 1981:satellite digest

Cosmos 1215

1980 Oct 14.86

Cylinder:2 long,1 dia

Plesetsk

1980-83A

10 years

496

544

74.04

95.12

C-1

USSR/USSR

Cosmos 1216

1980 Oct 16.51

Cylinder+sphere:6 long, 2.4 dia

193

387

72.86

90.36

Plesetsk

1980-84A

14 days (R)

1980 Oct 30

A-2

USSR/USSR (1)

Cosmos 1217

1980 Oct 24.45

Cylinder:4 long, 1.5 dia

594

40133

62.92

725.32

Plesetsk

1980-85A

12 years

A-2

USSR/USSR (2)

Cosmos 1218

1980 Oct 30.42

Cylinder+sphere:6 long, 2.4 dia

170

353

64.89

89.75

Tyuratam

1980-86A

10 years

A-2

USSR/USSR (3)

FLTSATCOM 4

1980 Oct 31.16

Hexagonal cylinder:1.27 long, 2.45 dia

35032

36236

2.46

1428.20

ETR

1980-87A

Atlas-Centaur

DoD/NASA (4)

Cosmos 1219

1980 Oct 31.50

Cylinder+sphere:6 long, 2.4 dia

193

326

72.86

89.74

Plesetsk

1980-88A

13 days (R)

1980 Nov 12

A-2

USSR/USSR (5)

Cosmos 1220

1980 Nov 4.63

Cylinder:6 long, 2 dia

Plesetsk

1980-89A

25 years

428

446

65.38

93.32

F-1-m

USSR/USSR (6)

Supplementary notes:

(1) Orbital data are at 1980 Oct 16.6, Oct 17,and Oct 17.9.

(2) Probably an early warning satellite. Orbital data are at 1980 Oct 25.0 and Oct 30.5.

(3) Orbital data are at 1980 Oct 30.5, Nov 10.7 and Nov 11.0.

(4) US military communications satellite providing two way communication between small ground stations, using the 200-400 MHz frequency band. The satellite is located above longitude 172 degrees east.

(5) Orbital data are at 1980 Oct 31.6, Nov 1.8 and Nov 7.0.

(6) Microthruster-controlled reconnaissance satellite,working in conjunction with Cosmos 1167 (1980-21A). Its orbit is such that ground tracks repeat themselves every four days, with those of Cosmos 1220 lying precisely half way between those of Cosmos 1167.
April 1982:milestones

January 1982

2 The Marecs 1 maritime communications satellite arrives at its geostationary
position of 26 degrees west longitude. The European Space Operations
Centre immediately begin testing to verify that the satellite is functioning
according to specifications. Formal acceptance testing will be carried out in
February by INMARSAT (International Maritime Satellite Organisation)
which will lease the communications capacity over the Atlantic Ocean area.
Marecs B is due for launch by Ariane L5 in April and will be stationed over
the Pacific Ocean area.

5 British Aerospace announce that they have received the go-ahead to .begin
the construction of L-Sat 1, the first of the most powerful communications
satellites in the world. L-Sat 1, weighing about 2300 kg and launched by
Ariane in 1986, will demonstrate direct broadcasting to homes, business
communications and new high frequency usage. BAe expect that more than
150 satellites of the L-Sat class will be required by the end of this century,
worth about £5,000 million at today’s prices. BAe have also received an £80
million contract for the Skynet 4A and 4B military communications satellites,
due for launch in 1985.

11 Launch of Exosat, Europe’s X-ray astronomy satellite, is delayed until
October because of problems with one of the experiments. The original
August launch date could have been met but an ESA meeting last month
decided that the schedule would have been too tight.

12 The Soviet Cosmos 1332 satellite is launched into a 224 X 235 km orbit
inclined at 82.3 degrees. The parameters are consistent with the craft being
an imaging reconnaissance satellite.

17 The External Tank for the fourth Shuttle flight begins its five day journey
from the Michond Assembly Facility in New Orleans to the Kennedy Space
Center.

18 It is reported that Swedish students at a practical astronomy class at the
University of Umea photographed the launch of the Meteor 2 satellite from
Plesetsk last May.

21 A US high resolution reconnaissance satellite is launched into polar orbit
from Vandenberg AFB by a Titan IIIB.

25 A meeting of representatives from ESA’s Member States participating in
the Ariane programme declares the launcher to be operational. Ariane L5,
due for launch at the end of April, will be the first of the seven-vehicle
"promotion series.” Thereafter, the private Arianespace company will handle
the launcher.
Sei

**Sei** (セイ) is a footman of the Armelia Household, especially for Iris. He is aspiring to be a butler like Sebastian, but Iris puts him in charge of the Azura Conglomerate.

## History

He has no surname. Originally lived in the slums but after Iris picked him up, he started working for the House of the Duke of Armelia.He is the apprentice of Sebastin but became the head of Iris's conglomerate, he also sends message via carrier pigeon. His work load increased but wasn't discouraged, as he sees his fruit of labor.

He firmly disapproved Yuri being the member of Azura Conglomerate for she and her fiance hurt Iris and gave many valuable reasons for it. Iris persuaded him not to take it personal and do what was needed, since she didn't want to go against the royal family. Sei was more angry at Yuri for not knowing who runs the conglomerate.
February 1981:milestones

October 1980

23 ESA announces that the launch of Ariane 03 at Kourou, French Guiana, will take place no earlier than 20 March. This follows a postponement from November 1980 resulting from the loss of the second flight vehicle in May and the subsequent enquiry.The problem was traced to combustion instability in one of the first stage engines 5.75 seconds after ignition. Damage to the injector led to the engine’s destruction 64 seconds later and started a fire in the engine bay. This fire caused the breakup of Ariane 108 seconds after lift-off. Engineers have now tightened up on injector manufacturing tolerances and static tests of each Ariane engine will be made before the next launch which will carry the geostationary satellites APPLE and METEOSAT 2. French rocket engines say the combustion instability was caused “by an unfavourable combination of manufacturing tolerances in the system which injects fuel into the combustion chamber. The problem did not show up in nearly 200 static engine tests, which indicates the subtlety of the problem.

24 NASA delays launch of “Columbia" at Cape Canaveral by four days to allow more checkout time on the pad. The launch is now scheduled for 14 March 1981 (but could still be delayed a few weeks more as technical snags are ironed out).

26 NASA confirms discovery of two new moons of Saturn from Voyager far encounter photos. They are relatively small bodies located on either side of the F-ring.

28 U.S. Defence Department reveals that four new Soviet ICBMs of a “fifth generation” are under development in USSR, two solid and two liquid fuelled. One of the latter is described as “particularly large”. '

November 1980

7 Another new moon is discovered near the rings of Saturn in Voyager photographs. It appears to be about 50 miles (80.5 km) in diameter. This brings the total of known moons of Saturn to 15. Scientists at JPL say many others may be present.

10 Pictures from Voyager 1 show ‘red spot’ some 10,000 miles (16,090 km) across in the clouds of Saturn. White spots are also discernible. Rings of Saturn are more homogeneous than previously believed, joined together by hitherto invisible rings.

10 European Space Agency selects British Aerospace Dynamics Group & Communications Division to head development of the Giotto space probe that will intercept Halley’s Comet in 1985/86. The work will be led by the Division’s Bristol factory. Total value of the contract will be about £27 million shared between European aerospace companies.

11 Voyager 1 passes within 2,500 miles (4,000 km) of Titan, the largest moon in the Solar System. Surface is concealed by thick nitrogen smog (not methane as previously believed, which accounts for less than 1%). Measured surface pressure is 2.75 atmospheres, temperature 300°F below zero. Possibly there are oceans of liquid nitrogen.

12 Voyager 1 passes within 77,174 miles (124,200 km) of the planet Saturn.
Milk

Milk                Synopsis

Milk            Appearence

Milk             Personality

Milk    Likes and Dislikes

Milk                     Fears

Milk                        Kin

Milk          Relationships

Milk                      Stats

Milk                   Gallery

Milk                    Quotes

 - Milk to Morning about his mother, Cookie.
 "Don't talk to me ever again! Seriously, fuck off! I- You were a mistake! I-I regret even meeting you!- I'm fucking sorry!"
 - Milk to Chocolate Shake
Volume 7 (Manga)

## Synopsis

While Iris secretly prepares for civil war, Dida, one of her closest allies, challenges her: does she really have the stomach for battle? As Iris ponders Dida’s question, an old foe shows up looking to join forces. Can Iris use this turn of events to her advantage, or is she walking into a trap?

## Chapters

* Chapter 49
* Chapter 50
* Chapter 51
* Chapter 52
* Chapter 53
* Chapter 54
* Special Short Story

## Summary

The now former pope is shocked to see the first Prince standing before him. Alfred mockingly responds that the Pope wanted him to come out of hiding. Alfred confronts Pope in his role in trying to excommunicate Iris, and concludes it was really used as an attempt to undermine House Armelia.

The former pope claims he was being used as a pawn and begs for mercy. Alfred agrees that is plausible, but he sees that his real master was the merchant Divan rather than the Queen.

## Adaptation Differences

* There are several differences in Van Lutasha's first attempt to visit Iris
	+ In the Light Novel, Iris notices Tanya acting strangely, and she is aware of first attempt while in the manga Tanya manages to successfully prevent Iris from finding out.
	+ Tanya originally orders another maid to force Van out of the mansion, and she reluctantly decides to do it herself while in the manga Tanya decides to take action immediately.
	+ In the Light Novel, it is merely stated that Tanya managed to chase him off while in the manga, Tanya tricks him into walking out the door and locking him out.

## Trivia

* This volume acts as a transition in the manga adaptation for Volume 02 and Volume 03 of the Light Novel.
January 1981:milestones

September 1980

4 Orbit of Salyut 6 raised from 323 x 338 km. 91.08 minutes to 337 x 350 km, 91.34 minutes prior to the launch of Soyuz 38, using the Soyuz 37 engine.

8 Radio Moscow announces that Salyut 6 has been elevated to a higher orbit using the Progress 11 engine. Western observers actually detect an overall lowering of Salyut's orbit with perigee being reduced by 7 km. The change is more likely to have been due to a test of Soyuz 37’s engine prior to its recovery with Popov and Ryumin aboard.

9 Cosmonauts Popov and Ryumin, having been in orbit over five months, begin a new series of experiments with the BST-1M submillimetre telescope which has a 4.9 ft (1.5 m) mirror, bigger than many ground-based telescopes. It is being used “to study the Earth's atmosphere, particularly the extent of pollution.”

16 Minor orbital manoeuvre by Salyut from 333 x345 km, 91.25 minutes to 335 x 352 km, 91.34 minutes to ensure ideal conditions for rendezvous with the upcoming Soyuz 38.

18 NASA announces that a Landsat ground station is to be established at Hartebeesthoek, near Johannesburg, South Africa “to receive, process, archive and disseminate Landsat data.”

18 Soviets launch Soyuz 38 from Baikonur at 22 hr 11 min Moscow time with cosmonaut Lt-Col Yuri Romanenko and Lt-Col Arnaldo Tamayo Mendez (Cuba). Married with two children, Mendez began training at the Cagarin Cosmonauts' Training Centre in March 1979. The Cuban reserve cosmonaut is José Armando.

19 Soyuz 38 docks with Salyut 6 space station to join resident crew of Lt-Col Leonid Popov and Valery Ryumin who have been aboard since 10 April.

28 Soviets launch Progress 11 ferry with more oxygen, water, food and other supplies for Salyut 6.

29 Salyut 6 cosmonauts dock Progress 11 by remote control. Third anniversary of space station in Earth orbit.

31 NASA awards Boeing Aerospace $400,000 contract to study feasibility of building a space terminal 250 miles (400 km) above the Earth. The terminal, which could be used for refuelling space vehicles en route for geostationary orbit or deep space,would be assembled piece-by-piece from modules containing living quarters, service areas and warehouses. Study will last 12 months.

October 1980

1 Lt-Col Leonid Popov and Valery Ryumin exceed the previous space endurance record of 175 days 36 minutes.

5 After spending 185 days in space, Lt-Col Leonid Popov and Valery Ryumin soft-land in Soyuz 37 some 111 miles (180 km) SE of Dzhezkazgan at 12 hr 50 min MT. In three space missions Ryumin has spent nearly a year in orbital flight.

17 Tass reveals that Popov and Ryumin both grew 1.18-in (3.0 cm) during their record-breaking space flight. Doctors found their muscles and spinal tissue had stretched but, exposed to normal Earth gravity, they were gradually returning to their normal height.
May 1983:milestones

January 1983

22 The main section of Kosmos 1402 burns up in
the atmosphere over the Indian Ocean. The
nuclear core is expected to reenter early next
month.

23 Japan's National Space Development Agency
(NASDA) will shortly select at least three astronaut candidates to begin training before the end
of this year; one of them will fly as a Shuttle
payload specialist in about 1987.

24 It is reported that the seventh Shuttle mission
might land at the Kennedy Space Center, but
only if conditions are good and there are no
problems with the STS-6 landing.

25 The STS-6 mission is delayed until mid-March
at the earliest after a second test firing of
Challenger's main engines shows there is a
hydrogen leak in one or more of them. The delay
now means that later flights will be affected but
the Dept, of Defense is insisting that its military
STS-10 payload flies this year. Spacelab (STS-9) could now be pushed into 1984 and some
satellites might be switched to the Delta rocket.

26 The Infrared Astronomical Telescope (IRAS) is
launched by a Delta rocket from the Vanderberg
Air Force Base in California at 02:17 GMT into
a polar orbit. After a two-week testing period
it begins the first all-sky survey of infrared
objects.

29 A 2 cm crack is found in Challenger's No. 1
engine (no. 2011) in a pipe routing hydrogen
from cooling the engine back to the turbo pump.
The engine will be replaced by flight spare no.
2016. Launch will be in mid-March at the
earliest, later if a third engine firing is made.

31 The IRAS telescope's protective cover is ejected
and the first infrared images of the sky are
returned; more than 4,000 sources are detected
on this first day. The rate of loss of liquid helium
(used to cool the telescope to very low temperatures in order to observe IR objects) indicates a mission length of at least 250 days,
more than enough time to scan the entire sky.
The detectors prove to be 100 times more
sensitive than previous missions.

February 1983

7 The section of Kosmos 1402 carrying a nuclear
core reenters the atmosphere and disintegrates.

10 The replacement Shuttle main engine (no. 2016)
is confirmed as having an oxygen leak. Two
further replacement engines (nos. 2007 and
2017) will now be brought to the Cape. No.
2007 was recently removed from Orbiter Columbia and returned to the manufactureis for
modifications.
Volume 5 (Light Novel)

## The Price of War

* EN
* JAP

## **Synopsis**

The war Iris always feared has finally come. No longer content to send spies to spread discontent in Tasmeria, Tweil descends with their army. Iris must rush back to her duchy to defend her people and rally the other territories to her cause. But no one survives war unscathed, and all too soon Iris will face a loss even she may not be able to endure.

## Summary

The Volume begins from the perspective of Merellis Reiser Armelia who is training and sparing against the various members of the Army under her father's command.

## Trivia

* This is the cover that is used for promotional for the TV Tropes page of the series.
* This marks the end of the main series, but the series continues with side stories and prequel storylines in subsequent volumes.
Yuu Mitarai

Género
 Edad
 Afiliación:
 Familiares
 Seiyuu

**Yuu Mitarai** (御手洗優, Mitarai Yū) es un estudiante de primer año de Ingeniería Mecánica en la Universidad de Izu.

## Apariencia

Yuu tiene un cuerpo esbelto, cabello rubio encrespado y usualmente se lo ve con los ojos cerrados. Viste camisetas de mangas largas, jeans azules y botas altas.

## Personalidad

Yuu al igual que sus amigos se destaca por se incapaz de congeniar con mujeres y uno de sus principales objetivos es tener novia, esto es posiblemente debido a su actitud.

## Relaciones

### Rie Ohashi

Rie Ohashi es una amiga de la infancia de Yuu, estos tenían un romance e incluso estaban a punto de tener relaciones sexuales, hasta que Iori y el resto de sus amigos lo evitaran haciéndolo parecer un mujeriego infiel, dando como resultado que esta lo golpee y lo deje en mas de una ocasión.

### Compañeros de clase

#### Iori, Kohei, Shinichirou, Hajime, Kenta

Yuu comparte mas o menos la misma relación con cada uno de su grupo de amigos, parecen estar en buenos términos hasta hasta que le eligen a uno de ellos como objetivo y el resto se une para molestarlo, ninguno duda ni un momento sabotearse entre ellos con tal de cumplir sus objetivos e incluso suelen amordazar a los que tilden de "traidor" (frecuentemente Iori y/o Yuu) y amenazar con matarlo.
February 1983:milestones

October 1982

15 The board of enquiry investigating the failure of
the Ariane L5 launcher on 10 September concluded that the third stage engine turbopump
was the most likely cause. Insufficient lubrication
during ground testing might have damaged the
gearing. Turbopumps of subsequent vehicles will
now have to be modified; the launch of Ariane
L6 is now scheduled for April with the ECS-1
communications and AMSAT radio amateur
satellites.

18 It is reported that the Japanese space agency
is studying the possibility of launching a 650 kg
lunar orbiter to make a physical and chemical
survey of the Moon. Both NASA and ESA have
been studying similar missions but no firm
decisions have been made.

21 One of the main engines due to be installed in
the Shuttle Orbiter Challenger is shut down 51
seconds into a planned 250 seconds test firing
because of excessive vibrations in a high-pres¬
sure liquid oxygen pump. The full firing is made
on the 25th.

23 A more powerful version of the Shuttle Solid
Rocket Booster is tested in Utah. It will allow
future Shuttles to carry 1,400 kg more payload
into orbit.

27 The Satcom 5 communications satellite is launched from Cape Canaveral by a Delta 3924
vehicle. It will be positioned in geostationary
orbit at 140°W longitude to provide services for
Alaska.

31 The unmanned Progress 16 spacecraft is launched to ferry supplies to the Salyut 7 space
station, still manned by cosmonauts Berezevoi
and Lebedev.

November 1982

11 Columbia is launched on its fifth orbital mission
at 12.19 GMT with astronauts Brand, Overmyer,
Allen and Lenoir aboard - the first ever four-man launch. Both Solid Rocket Boosters are
recovered safely. The first satellite payload,
SBS-3, is released from the cargo bay on its
way to geostationary orbit.

12 The Anik-C3 communications satellite is
released from Columbia. Each of the satellites
carried $500 million in liability insurance.

15 The first Shuttle spacewalk, already delayed a
day because of astronaut Lenoir's motion sickness, is cancelled after an oxygen-circulation fan
fails in Allen's backpack. Columbia returns to Earth in the following day.
September-October 1982:milestones

April 1982

16 NASA announces that Sally Ride will fly aboard the seventh Shuttle orbital
mission in April next year as a mission specialist. Bob Crippen and John
Young, who flew the first orbital mission, will command STS-7 and STS-9,
respectively. Dick Truly of STS-2 will command STS-8.

19 Salyut 7 is launched into a 219x278 km orbit. On 13 May the Soyuz T-5
craft with cosmonauts Anatoli Berezovoi and Valentin Lebedev is launched
and docks with the new space station on 14 May. A three man crew with a
French cosmonaut is expected to fly in June. On 15 May the orbit is
343X360 km.

22 Engineers manage to free the jammed C-band antenna of the Indian Insat 1 communications/meteorological satellite by firing a 22 N thruster. The
first attempt failed.

26 COS-B, EISA’s gamma-ray astronomical satellite, is switched off after operating for almost seven years. Its design life was two years.

May 1982

11 A Big Bird spy satellite is launched by Titan 3D from Vandenberg Air Force
Base in California.

12 ESA announces that the launch of Ariane L5, carrying Marecs-B and Sirio
2, has been delayed until 10 September. Marecs 1, launched last December,
has suffered electrostatic problems in orbit and modifications are being made
to the second craft. Exosat will now fly aboard Ariane L6 in November.

17 The Soyuz T-5 cosmonauts release the 62 lb Iskara 2 amateur communications satellite from Salyut 7. It will be controlled by students from command
centres in Moscow and Kaluga.
March 1980:satellite digest

Molniya-1 (45)

1979 Oct 20.29

Cylinder-cone: 4.2 long, 1.6 dia

618

40624

62.82

735.83

Plesetsk

1979-91A

12 years

A-2-e

USSR/USSR (1)

Cosmos 1142

1979 Oct 22.52

Cylinder: 6 long, 3 dia

197

381

72.87

90.33

Plesetsk

1979-92A

13 days (R)

1979 Nov 4

A-2

USSR/USSR (2)

Cosmos 1143

1979 Oct 26.76

Cylinder + panels: 6 long, 2 dia

Plesetsk

1979-93A

60 years

622

645

81.25

97.44

A-1

USSR/USSR (3)

Magsat

1979 Oct 30.59

Octagonal prism + panels + boom: 1.65 long, 1 dia

WTR

1979-94A

6 months

354

561

96.80

93.80

Scout G

NASA/NASA (4)

Meteor 2 (5)

1979 Oct 31.40

Cylinder + 2 panels: 5 long, 2 dia

Plesetsk

1979-95A

500 years

872

889

81.21

102.63

A-2

USSR/USSR (5)

Intercosmos 20

1979 Nov 1.33

Octagonal ellipsoid: 3 long, 2 dia

Plesetsk

1979-96A

18 months

465

510

74.03

94.40

C-1

USSR/USSR (6)

Cosmos 1144

1979 Nov 2.67

Cylinder-sphere: 6 long, 4 dia

Plesetsk

1979-97A

167

357

67.15

89.78

A-2

USSR/USSR (7)

Supplementary notes:

(1) USSR domestic communications satellite. Orbital data are at 1979 Oct 23.4 and Nov 3.4.

(2) Orbital data are at 1979 Oct 22.5 and Oct 23.7.

(3) Military satellite, possibly an electronic ferret.

(4) NASA scientific satellite, designed to measure the near-Earth magnetic field and crustal anomalies. The satellite is intended to operate for a minimum of 4 months, but natural decay will likely occur after six. The spacecraft flight hardware was left over from the Small Astronomical Satellite (1975-37A).

(5) Fifth of the USSR’s second generation meteorological satellites, returning cloud cover photographs and meteorological measurements.

(6) Eastern bloc co-operative launch of a scientific satellite.

(7) Manoeuvrable reconnaissance satellite.
February 1982:milestones

October 1981

30 The Soviets take advantage of the 1981 Venus launch window by launching Venera 13 and (on 4 November) Venera 14. The craft will reach Venus in March and are expected to drop capsules to the planet’s surface to make the first soil analysis.

November 1981

1 Norway becomes ESA’s second Associate Member State (Austria is the first), for a period of five years during which time it may become a full Member State. Norway already takes part in the Marecs (Maritime Communications Satellite) and remote sensing programmes.

4 Press reports indicate that OTRAG, a privately-financed company aimed atdeveloping cheap orbital launchers, is pulling out of its Libyan launch site. The company will concentrate on high-altitude, instead of orbital, rockets in the near future.

4 The first launch attempt of Shuttle Columbia in its second mission ends just 31 seconds short of launch. Oxygen pressure problems in the External Tank cause a longer-than-scheduled hold at T-9 minutes and then similarly with the Auxiliary Power Units (used for providing hydraulic power for the control surfaces) closer to lift-off. A 48 hr postponement is called.

9 ESA announces that the launch of Ariane L04 from Kourou in Cuiana has been postponed from 14 to 18 December because a strike at the Toulouse Space Centre in France has delayed the delivery of the Marecs-A satellite. The launcher itself has been at the firing site since 12 October.

12 Columbia makes her second flight into space, with astronauts Joe Engle and Dick Truly aboard. The craft returns on 14 November, short of the planned 5 days, after one of the three fuel cells is shut down.
November-December 1981:satellite digest

GOES 5

1981 May 22.937

Cylinder:3 long,2 dia

35451

37010

0.52

1458.71

ESMR

1981-49A

indefinite

Delta

NOAA/NASA (1)

Intelsat 5 (2)

1981 May 23.946

Box + 2 panels

ESMR

1981-50A

indefinite

Atlas Centaur

Intelsat/NASA (2)

Rohini 2

1981 May 31.2

Spheroid:0.5 dia

Sriharikhota

1981-51A

8 days

187

418

46.27

90.49

SLV-3

India/India (3)

Cosmos 1274

1981 Jun 3.58

Cylinder+sphere:6 long,2.4 dia

Plesetsk

1981-52A

30 days (R)

1981 Jul 3

170

353

67.16

89.75

A-2

USSR/USSR (4)

Cosmos 1275

1981 Jun 4.68

Cylinder:2 long,2 dia

Plesetsk

1981-53A

1500 years

962

1012

82.96

104.91

C-1

USSR/USSR (5)

Molniya-3 (16)

1981 Jun 9.15

Cylinder-cone:4.2 long,1.6 dia

434

40843

62.81

736.56

Plesetsk

1981-54A

12 years

A-2-e

USSR/USSR (6)

Cosmos 1276

1981 Jun 16.4

Cylinder+sphere:6 long,2.4 dia

Plesetsk

1981-55A

13 days (R)

1981 Jun 29

214

237

82.37

89.06

A-2

USSR/USSR (7)

Cosmos 1277

1981 Jun 17.40

Cylinder+sphere:6 long,2.4 dia

207

377

70.41

90.40

Tyuratam

1981-56A

14 days (R)

1981 Jul 1

A-2

USSR/USSR (8)

Meteosat 2

1981 Jun 19.524

Cylinder:3.2 long,2 dia

Kourou

1981-57A

indefinite

geostationary orbit

Ariane

ESA/ESA (9)

Apple

1981 Jun 19.524

Cylinder:1.9 long,1.2 dia

Kourou

1981-57B

indefinite

geostationary orbit

Ariane

ESRO/ESA (10)

Cosmos 1278

1981 Jun 19.8

Cylinder-cone:4 long,2 dia

615

40214

62.84

727.39

Plesetsk

1981-58A

12 years

A-2-e

USSR/USSR (11)

NOAA-7

1981 Jun 23.48

Irregular box+panel:3.8 long,1.8 dia

WSMR

400 years

844

862

98.90

102.05

Atlas F

NOAA/NASA (12)

SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES:

(1) US meteorological satellite in synchronous orbit above 85 degrees west longitude.

(2) International communications satellite in synchronous orbit above 1 degree west longitude.

(3) Indian-launched and built small scientific satellite.

(4) Manoeuvrable, long life reconnaissance satellite.

(5) Navigation satellite.

(6) USSR communications satellite. Orbital data are at 1981 Jun 10.2 and 16.3.

(7) Reconnaissance satellite carrying an Earth resources package.

(8) Orbital data is at 1981 Jun 17.4.

(9) European meteorological satellite in synchronous orbit above the Greenwich meridian.

(10) Indian-built experimental communications satellite in geosynchronous orbit above 102 degrees east longitude. Apple (Ariane Passenger Payload Experiment) was carried aboard the third test flight of Ariane which put Meteosat 2 into orbit.

(11) Early warning satellite.

(12) US meteorological satellite in polar orbit sending back cloud cover photographs and other atmospheric data.
Clo and Pastry's OC Wiki

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May 1982:news from KSC

NEW SHUTTLE FACILITIES

Anticipating increased launch rates, NASA will invest
$13 million for additional Shuttle facilities in 1982. A third
firing room of the Launch Control Center will be outfitted for
military missions, the first involving STS-4 tentatively scheduled for mid-July. More buildings will be constructed to process and store solid booster rockets: a main structure 100 feet high equipped with two 200-ton capacity cranes, capable of storing
two sets of boosters to support 20 launches per year. Each
rocket contains four segments with a total of 1,110,000 lbs of
propellants.

SHUTTLE LOSES PAYLOADS

Three US communications companies have contracted for
five Ariane satellite launches, the first in December 1983, the
others in 1984, because the ESA vehicle will cost them about
$20 million per launch in contrast with a price tag of $27 million
for the American Delta vehicle.

Western Union, General Telephone & Electronics and
Southern Pacific Corp. chose the European booster. While
NASA believes its reusable Shuttle will be competitive with
Ariane because it can carry several spacecraft in one mission,
the agency recognises that users wanting their satellites to
reach geo stationary orbit must pay $3-$5 million extra for
booster rockets.

FOURTH SHUTTLE TANK

The external propellant tank for STS-4 began its five day
journey from the Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans
to the Kennedy Space Center on 17 January.
After arriving at the Kennedy Center aboard NASA’s
"Orion” barge, the tank was moved into the Vehicle Assembly
Building for flight preparation.
November 1982:space book reviews

The Story of the Space Shuttle (2nd Edition),

Tim Furniss, Hodder & Stoughton, 106pp, 1982, £3.95 (soft cover).

Tim Furniss, an Associate Fellow of the Society (as he does us proud
by noting on the back cover) has updated his earlier edition, which
was published before the Shuttle first flew. The book is in an "easy reading” format, with plenty of photographs and drawings to take us
through the history of the Shuttle, the people who fly (or will fly) it,
and the many plans for future developments based on its use.

There are several pages of full colour illustrations, and the text is
concise and packed with information. This is not a book for the expert,
or for those seeking technical details, but as a popular account to "dig
into”, it contains much for the layman.

There are chapters devoted to Spacelab, the ground station from
which the Shuttle will operate (and to which it will return), the early
missions (the book includes STS-2, with STS-3 “due soon”), and
“making space work”, a useful look ahead to what is planned (and
dreamed of) for the Shuttle's future.

Voyages to Saturn

D,Morrison, NASA SP-451, US Government Printing Office, 227 pp.,
1982, $9.50 (Overseas $12).

This book presents the stories of each of the Voyager encounters
with Saturn, Voyager 1 in November 1980 and Voyager 2 in August
1981. Both craft were outstanding successes, returning far more new.
information than that collected in the preceding 300 years of Earth-based observations. Both probes were risky ventures, involving intricate mechanisms sent to perform delicate measurements after trav¬ersing immense distances through space and surviving unexplored
fields of particles of magnetic forces.

The book begins with a brief history of Saturn from ancient times
and a discussion of the Pioneer probe at Saturn in 1979. The main text
of the book then follows, concerned with the two Voyager missions,
and ending with a summary of the knowledge gained which has
brought about a virtually new concept of the Saturnian system.

The volume ends with appendixes which detail the members of
various Voyager teams and provide pictorial maps of some of Saturn's
satellites. It also includes an index and reproduces almost 200 images,
a third of which are in colour.
June 1980:milestones

February 1980

22 Aeritalia and SNIA Space and Defence Division announce an agreement with the Italian board of national research to “develop and produce a new space vehicle suitable for inter-orbital space transportation." Called IRIS (Italian Research Interim Stage) the propulsive stage is designed to transfer from low orbit into transfer orbit, any kind of geostationary satellite fornmeteorological observation, telecommunications, and monitoring of Earth resources and atmospheric pollution. It can be operated from the Space Shuttle or the European Ariane.

28 INTELSAT announces that overseas demand for satellite telecasts of the Winter Olympics almost doubled during the Games. When the 1980 Games opened at Lake Placid, New York, INTELSAT was holding bookings for 260 hours of international satellite television for the Games, but a tally of usage after the Games showed that a total of 448 hours had been used.

March 1980

5 NASA announces that a plan to increase the cargo-carrying capacity of the Space Shuttle for near-polar orbit missions from Vandenberg AFB is underway at the Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama. Contracts for programme definition studies of a liquid propellant boost module to be attached to the Shuttle’s External Tank have been awarded toMartin Marietta Corporation and Aerojet Liquid Rocket Co. "These studies will involve adaptation of portions of the Air Force Titan launch vehicle to the Space Shuttle to provide additional boost for launch.” The liquid boost module is expected to increase the Shuttle’s payload capability from 24,000 to 36,000 lb (10,886 to 16,324 kg).

6 Science Programme Committee of European Space Agency decides to include a new scientific project,an astrometry satellite ‘Hipparcos’, to measure the astrometric parameters of celestial bodies (positions,proper motions and parallaxes). With the satellite it should be possible to determine "with very high accuracy the position and velocity of about 100,000 stars.”

10 Second group of 20 astronaut applicants report to Johnson Space Center for a week of physical exams and interviews. All in the second group are mission specialist applicants from among the 3122 men and women who applied last autumn. There are five women in the group.

13 First full power level test (at 109 percent of rated power level) of the Space Shuttle Main Engine is successfully conducted at NASA’s National Space Technology Laboratories in Mississippi.
Best Friend

**"Best Friend"** is a song by Conan Gray featured as the fourth track on his sophomore album Superache. It was released June 24th, 2022 through Republic Records.

## Background

Conan posted a snippet of “Best Friend” via TikTok on February 14th, 2022.

## Lyrics

[Verse 1]
Remember when you broke up with your fucking ex?
God, I'm glad you've finally gotten over them
Only took about a hundred million texts
God, I swear that bitch was such a narcissist

[Pre-Chorus]
Everybody knows I love you so
So, so, so much
'Cause every time they ask, I always tell
Tell, tell, tell them

[Chorus]
That's my fucking best friend, that's my fucking right hand
That's my fucking throw up in the bathroom, but still love them
That's my fucking best friend, best friend
That's my fucking best friend, best friend
That's my fucking lifeline, that's my ride or die, likе
That's my fucking hate you, but you know that that's a damn lie
Baby, you're my bеst friend, best friend
Baby, you're my best friend, best friend
Baby, you're my—

[Post-Chorus]
(Ooh)
Baby, you're my—
You might also like
Footnote
Conan Gray
Jigsaw
Conan Gray
Yours
Conan Gray
[Verse 2]
Made a promise that I'm gonna marry you
If we're both still single by, like, thirty-two
And that shit is gonna end up being true
'Cause I hate, like, everyone except for you
Who else is gonna grocery shop with me at 2 A.M.?
Who else will take that picture for you just to get revenge?
You're just as psycho as me, just as sick inside the head
So when they ask, I've always said

[Chorus]
That's my fucking best friend, that's my fucking right hand
That's my fucking throw up in the bathroom, but still love them
That's my fucking best friend, best friend
That's my fucking best friend, best friend
That's my fucking lifeline, that's my ride or die, like
That's my fucking hate you, but you know that that's a damn lie
Baby, you're my best friend, best friend
Baby, you're my best friend, best friend
Baby, you're my—

[Post-Chorus]
(Ooh)
Baby, you're my—

[Outro]
(Ooh)
Why do you keep calling me? You're kidding
What? Who? Are you kidding? (Ooh)
Oh my God, oh my, no, no, no don't respond
Don't respond, don't respond (Baby, you're my—)

Yeah I'll be there in ten minutes
## References

1. https://www.tiktok.com/@conangray/video/7064626428133821743?referer\_url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.embedly.com%2F&referer\_video\_id=7064626428133821743&refer=embed
February 1982:space book reviews

The History of Manned Spaceflight David Baker, New Cavendish Books, 544pp, 1981.

Anyone who has read Dr. Baker’s books and articles (many of them in Spaceflight) will know the high standard of his work. This book is no exception. In "The Rocket” he traced the development of rockets from ancient times to the present in great detail. Now, in this companion volume, he traces the fascinating story of manned spaceflight up to early 1981.

We are taken through the trials and tribulations of the American programme at length but, of course, the Soviet side cannot be treated in the same way. Beginning with the early theoreticians we travel through Mercury, Vostok, Gemini, Voskhod, Soyuz, Apollo, Skylab and Salyut, ending just short of the Shuttle. It is a well-covered subject but this is the first time it has all been put together under one cover in such detail. The result weighs about 10 lbs!

This is a major addition to any space buff’s shelves and one which will remain valued for years. Dr. Baker is to be congratulated on his work.

The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Space Technology: a Comprehensive History of Space Exploration Principal author Kenneth Gatland, Salamander Books, 289pp. 1981.

The arrangement of this volume consists of 21 chapters, each on a topic such as space pioneers, space centres, man in space, military systems, Earth observation, men on the Moon, ASTP, Shuttle, etc. The last six chapters look ahead: flight to Mars, space factories, solar power satellites, Moon bases, space cities, and starships.

Also included are an inspiring foreword by Arthur C. Clarke, a space diary listing every significant event including all manned flights, a glossary, a list giving details of the world's launch vehicles (on the endpapers, and very comprehensive: it even includes the private ventures of OTRAG and Bob Truax), and an index. The last follows the publisher’s practice of lists under heavy-type headings like “Extra Vehicular Activities,","Materials,” “Moon,” “Rocket fuels,” “Rocket motors,” "Rockets” (a long list!), “Satellite and spacecraft launch vehicles,” etc.

A feature common with others in the series is the magnificent illustrations, including 20 two-page spreads showing, often in cutaway,such things as early rocket designs, Vostok and Mercury, Apollo,ASTP, and the Shuttle, as well as - a particular feature of the series - two enormous fold-outs, one showing 53 launchers to scale, and the other cutaways of Skylab and Salyut 6. There are also countless other illustrations - almost every page has at least one - photographs, drawings and maps, nearly all in colour. They include the first published maps of the Soviet and Chinese launch sites.
I Know A Place

"**I Know A Place**" is a song by Conan Gray that was uploaded to his YouTube channel on January 15th, 2017.

## Background

“I Know A Place” is about escaping the familiarity and bad memories of home so that you can feel free. This song may be from the point of view of Conan as a child, as he has said that he lived in an abusive household as a child and always wanted to escape.

## Lyrics

I know a place we could go

I know a place where there aren't any roads

Where the grass is always greener

And doesn't scratch your fingers

I know a place

So come with me dear

The halogen hum hurts my ears

Swim in the spring

We could be free

'Cause I know a place we could go

No one has been there, and no one will know

There it is quiet, forget the violence

You've tried so hard to ignore

Oh, I know a place we could go

Unpack our bags and we'll call it a home

The sea will sing our minds to sleep

I know a place we could go

And once we get there we could stay

An old shaky house, our lives would be made

And I don't know all the answers

But you look like December

There we could stay

I'm tired of fear

Grasping for safe, familiar

You are like me, oh, could we leave?

'Cause I know a place we could go

Far from the highways, far from that home

Seep in the silence, safe in our minds that

We try so hard to control

Oh, I know a place we could go

No one will notice once we are gone

Up in the trees, laugh on the beach

I know a place we could go

Can we go home?

'Cause i know a place we could go

Deep in the forest, out of the storm

Our souls could be freed of the disease

That everyone tried to destroy

Oh, I know a place we could go

No one has been there, no one will know

The sea will sing our minds to sleep

I know a place we could go

Could we go home?
June-September 1981:milestones

March 1981

22 Soyuz 39 is launched with cosmonauts Vladimir Dzhanibekov and Jugderdemidiyn Gurragcha aboard to rendezvous and dock with Salyut 6,occupied for the past 10 days by Kovalyonok and Savinykh. Gurragcha, aged 33, had been in cosmonaut training since 1978 and is the first Mongolian to gointo space. He is the 8th non-Soviet cosmonaut (the 9th will be a Romanian).

April 1981

1 Voyager 2 is 138 million km from Saturn and 114S million km from Earth as it heads for encounter on 26 August. Voyager 1 flew past the planet on 12 November 1980. If all goes well. Voyager 2 will fly by Uranus in 1986 and Neptune in 1989.

10 An estimated one million spectators gather around Cape Canaveral for the first launch of America’s Space Shuttle Columbia, the first manned US flight since Apollo-Soyuz in 1975. The countdown reaches T-9 minutes and is stopped because of problems with the vehicle’s computers. The problem cannot be solved for that day’s launch window and the lift-off is postponed for two days.

12 Pad 39A feels the heat and pressure of a giant rocket once again as STS-1,carrying astronauts Young and Crippen, begins its historic trip. In orbit, the men discover that 16 thermal tiles are missing off the OMS pods. NASA,however, maintains that Columbia should still be able to withstand re-entry two days hence.
February 1980:milestones

October 1979

17 Reports from Far East suggest that China is preparing to test an operational version of the CSS-X-4 intercontinental ballistic missile. Western observers believe that a prototype of the CSS-X-4 was responsible for launching China's recoverable observation satellites. A third stage employing liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen propellants is being developed as a means of up-rating this vehicle.

24 Resumption of clustered Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) testing at the National Space Technology Laboratories, following July malfunction, is postponed for two weeks after discovery of “a small hydrogen leak" in the plumbing between the aft end of the simulated Orbiter and the SSME’s.The previous delay followed a “fatigue failure" in the main fuel valve of one engine.

30 NASA launches 181 kg Magsat by four-stage Scout from Vandenberg AFB,California, into orbit of 355 x 562 km inclined at 96.8 deg to equator; period 93.82 min. Object is to measure the Earth's near-surface magnetic fields and,indirectly, crustal features related to earthquakes and mineral deposits.

November 1979

4 A scheduled 510-second static firing of the Space Shuttle Main Propulsion System test article ends after 9 seconds at the National Space Technology Laboratories: An automatic cut-off of the three-engine cluster was commanded when a sensor detected excessive pressure in a seal cavity of the high-pressure oxygen pump of engine no. 3. Subsequently, engine no. 1 was damaged during the cut-off sequence. According to NASA, “the damage resulted when a hydrogen line ruptured near the base of the engine nozzle. The line carries hydrogen through the nozzle for cooling purposes before it enters the combustion chamber. The rupture resulted in a hotter-than-normal ‘oxygen-rich’ combustion which is likely to have caused substantial damage to the engine interior.”

5 Mr. L. Michael Weeks, General Electric Company executive, becomes Deputy Associate Administrator for Space Transportation Systems Acquisitions at NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C. “In this position" (says the NASA Associate Administrator) “he will play a key role in the development and acquisition of NASA’s Space Transportation System, including the space shuttle, its upper stages, associated ground facilities and equipment and systems improvements."

8 Reported in Washington that NASA has informed Congress that chances of Space Shuttle "Columbia” being launched in 1980 are: April, 10 %; July, 50 %; September, 90%.

15 NASA announces that testing of the Space Shuttle main propulsion system will resume about 14 December using a different nozzle from the one which suffered the ruptured hydrogen line.
June 1983:milestones

February 1983

18 The final report on the loss of the two boosters
from the fourth Shuttle flight in June 1982
concludes that faulty switches allowed the main
parachutes to separate early. The switches, normally activated when the boosters hit the sea,
appear to have been triggered by the shock of
small charges separating the booster skirts.

25 Challenger's no. 2 main engine (2015) is discovered to have a hydrogen leak. It is removed
on the 28th, the same day engine 3 is also
found to be faulty in the same place. Cracks
have appeared near where a sleeve is attached
to prevent chafing on a line taking hydrogen to
the igniter. These two engines are reattached
on 1 & 3 March. Checks on all seven of this
engine type so far produced show that five suffer
from the problem. All three of the Orbiter's
main engines are now removed.

28 ESA announces that it is switching the launch
of its Exosat X-ray satellite from Ariane to the
US Delta rocket on 26 May because of delays
in the European launcher series.

March 1983

2 Kosmos 1443 is launched at 0932 GMT to dock
with Salyut 7 space station on the 4th. The
module, similar to the Kosmos 1267 "Star" unit
that spent a year attached to Salyut 6, will allow
expanded manned operations. The next Soyuz
launch window occurs in late April.

14 NASA announces that there will be further
STS-6 delays. Technicians have found that high
winds on 28 February carried sand, salt and
silicate particles into the cargo bay, possibly
contaminating the TDRS satellite's solar panel
hinges. Such material could prevent the panels
unfolding in space. The satellite is removed and
cleaned; on 21 March the launch is set for 4
April.

15 The Soviets launch a second 1000 kg winged
spacecraft from Kapustin Yar. Kosmos 1445,
like Kosmos 1374 of last June, is believed to be
part of a development effort for a small shuttle.
It is recovered from a 206 X 158 km orbit after
1.5 revolutions.

21 A 4% more powerful version of the shuttle
booster is test fired. It will allow up to 1400 kg
more payload to be carried; STS-8 will be the
first to use it.

29 ESA selects ISO (Infrared Space Observatory)
as its new science project for the early 1990’s.
ISO will observe specific objects located in the
general survey of the present IRAS satellite.