recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Orpheus

**Orpheus** (Ὀρφεύς) was the demigod child of Apollôn and Kalliopê (a Muse). He was a very talented lyre player. He was one of the Argonauts that sailed on the Argo with Iason.

## Mythology

### Time as an Argonaut

The Argonautica (Ἀργοναυτικά) is a Greek epic poem written by Apollonius Rhodius in the 3rd century BC. Orpheus took part in this adventure and used his skills to aid his companions. Khiron told Jason that without the aid of Orpheus, the Argonauts would never be able to pass the Sirens—the same Seirênes later encountered by Odysseus in Homer's epic poem The Odyssey. The Seirênes lived on three small, rocky islands called Sirenum scopuli and sang beautiful songs that enticed sailors to come to them, which resulted in the crashing of their ships into the islands. When Orpheus heard their voices, he drew his lyre and played music that was louder and more beautiful, drowning out the Sirens' bewitching songs. According to 3rd century BC Hellenistic elegiac poet Phanokles, Orpheus loved the young Argonaut Kalais, "the son of Boreas, with all his heart, and went often in shaded groves still singing of his desire, nor was his heart at rest. But always, sleepless cares wasted his spirits as he looked at fresh Kalais."[

### Orpheus and Eurydike

He later fell in love with a nymph named Eurydike and married her. Unfortunately, before their wedding, Orpheus's brother, Aristaeus loved Eurydike and wanted to marry her. But then she said no. Soon he will get her True enough since Eurydike was bitten by a viper that was him after the wedding. Orpheus then journeyed down to the Underworld with his lyre. He charmed Kharôn and Kerberos. He moved Hades and Persephonê with his lyre. Haidês allowed Eurydike to follow him back on the condition that Orpheus must not look back until he and Eurydike have reached the world of the living. During the journey back Orpheus didn't look back, but when they were close and he barely noticed her presence, he turned and looked back. Eurydike was consumed by the shadows and went back to the Underworld.

### Death

While Orpheus was journeying through the land, playing his sad melody, a band of Maenads, frenzied female followers of Dionysus, saw him. They thought he was a wild animal and decapitated him with his own lyre. His body was later found and it was buried. Apollôn took his lyre and placed it in the night sky as the constellation, Lyra.

Another account relates that he was struck with lightning by Zeus for having lied about the stories mentioning Zeus violating his daughter Persephone. He was also temporarily denied access into the Underworld to ensure he was punished for his lies and hubris towards Hades and Persephone.

### Oracle of Lesbos

When Orpheus was killed by the Maenads, his head was thrown into the River Hebrus and it never stopped singing. Orpheus's head washed up on an island called Lesbos and Apollo granted the head with the gift of Prophecy. Apollôn would later remove the gift of prophecy away from the head and the head would be buried.
Odius

Odius was the brother of Epistrophus. He was an Alizonian. Odius was killed by Agamemnon.

## Classical Text

"So spake she, and led furious Ares forth from the battle. Then she made him to sit down on the sandy banks of Scamander, and the Trojans were turned in flight by the Danaans. Each one of the captains slew his man; first the king of men, Agamemnon, thrust from his car the leader of the Halizones, great Odius, for as he turned first of all to flee he fixed his spear in his back between the shoulders and drave it through his breast; and he fell with a thud, and upon him his armour clanged."

*- Homer, Illiad 5.35-5.42*
Mantikhoras

The Mantikhoras (Μαντιχορας) was a man-eating, Persian monster with the body of a lion, the face of a man, and a spike-tipped, arrow-shooting tail. The name Manticore was derived from the Persian word for "man-eater."

The Manticore also occurs in Medieval bestiaries inspired by the works of ancient Greek and Roman writers.

## Classical Text

"The beast described by Ktesias (Ctesias) in his Indian History, which he say is called Mantikhoras (Manticore) by the Indians and Androphagos (Man-Eater) by the Greeks, I am inclined to think is the tiger. But that it has three rows of teeth along each jaw and spikes at the tip of its tail with which it defends itself at close quarters, while it hurls them like an archer's arrows at more distant enemies."
Laomedon

King Laomedon was the father of Priam.  He is known for offending Poseidôn, Apollôn and Herakles.  Poseidôn and Apollôn as punishment for offending Zeus were put in the service of Laomedon.  Apollôn and Poseidôn agreed to build huge impenetrable wall around Troy.  Laomedon promised that when they were done he would reward them.  After they were done Laomedon went back on his word and refused payment.  In retaliation, Apollôn sent pestilence and Poseidôn sent a sea monster which is appropriately named the Trojan Sea Monster.  Laomedon planned on appeasing Poseidôn by sacrificing his daughter Hesione. Fortunately for Hesione Herakles (along with Oikles and Telamon) were in Troy.  Laomedon promised them a team of magic horses if they would save Hesione and kill the Trojan Sea Monster.  Herakles killed the monster with either arrows or fish hooks.  Once again Laomedon broke his word but this time Herakles with his allies lay siege to the city killing Laomedon and all of his sons spare Podarkes (who would later change his name to Priam meaning "to buy) who appeased Herakles by giving him a golden veil made by Hesione.  Telamon would take Hesione as spoils of war and would make her his bride.

## Family

### Spouse & Lovers

Strymô
Kalybê
Plakia
Zeuxippê

### Children

Tithonos (by Strymô)
Lampos (by Strymô)
Klytios (by Strymô)
Hiketaon (by Strymô)
Priamos (by Strymô)
Hêsionê (by Strymô)
Killa (by Strymô)
Astyokhe (by Strymô)
Boukolion (Kalybê)
Thymoetes
Proklia
Aethilla
Medesikaste
Klytodora
Argennon

Agrennon was one of the paneides who were twelve young Panes, goat-legged rustic spirits or gods. The Panes were sons of the elder god Pan. They joined Dionysos in his war against the Indians.

Parents

Pan & Unknown Mother

## Classical Text

"Now [in India] the hill the summit of which is inhabited by the sages is, according to the account of our travellers, of about the same height as the Akropolis of Athens; and it rises: straight up from the plain, though its natural position equally secures it from attack for the rock surrounds it on all sides. On many parts of this rock you see traces of cloven feet and outlines of beards and of faces, and here and there impressions of backs as of persons who had slipped--and rolled down. For they say that Dionysos, when he was trying to storm the place together with Herakles, ordered the Panes to attack it, thinking that they would be strong enough to take it by assault; but they were thunderstruck by the sages and fell one, one way, and another, another; and the rocks as it were took the print of the various postures in which they fell and failed."

- Philostratus, Life of Apollonius of Tyana 3. 13 (trans. Conybeare) (Greek biography C1st to C2nd A.D.)
Kêres

THE Kêres were female spirits (*daimones*) of violent or cruel death, including death in battle, by accident, murder or ravaging disease. Another spirit, Thanatos, was the god of non-violent death.

They were agents of the Moirai (Fates), birth-goddesses who measured out the length of a man's life when he first entered the world, and Moros (Doom) the Daimon who drove a man towards his inevitable destruction. The Keres were cravers of blood and feasted upon it after ripping a soul free from the mortally wounded bodies and sending it on their way to Haides. Thousands of Keres haunted the battlefield, fighting amongst themselves like vultures over the dying. The Keres had no absolute power over the life of men, but in their hunger for blood would seek accomplish death beyond the bounds of fate. Zeus and the other gods, however, could stop them in their course or speed them on. The Olympian gods are often described standing by their favorites in battle, beating the clawing death spirits from them. Some of the Keres were personifications of epidemic diseases, which haunted areas riven by plague. (See also the Nosoi.) The Keres were depicted as fanged, taloned women dressed in bloody garments.

The Keres may have been the evil spirits released from Pandora's jar to plague mankind. Hesiod mentions them indirectly in his account of the episode. He describes these spirits as *kakoi* (evils), *nosoi* (sicknesses and plagues) and *lugra* (banes).
Môlu

Moly (Ancient Greek: μῶλυ, [môly]) is a magical herb mentioned in book 10 of Homer's Odyssey, created by Gaia to make the Gigantes invulnerable.

## Mythology

### The Odyssey

In the story, Hermes gave this herb to Odysseus to protect him from Kirke's magic when he went to her home to rescue his friends. These friends came together with him from the island Aiolos after they escaped from the Kyklops. "The plant 'moly' of which Homer speaks; this plant, it is said, had grown from the blood of the Giant Pikolous killed in the isle of Kirke; it has a white flower; the ally of Kirke who killed Pikolous was Helios (the Sun); the combat was hard (Greek malos) from which came the name of this plant" Homer also describes Moly by saying "The root was black, while the flower was as white as milk; the gods call it Moly, dangerous for a mortal man to pluck from the soil, but not for the deathless gods. All lies within their power".

### Giants

Since Gigantes could only be destroyed with the assistance of a hero this would make the Gigantes indestructible. When the Gigante, Molios, was defeated, his blood was collected by his mother Gaia and sprung this plant, which made the Gigantes invulnerable. This was notified to Zeus, who ordered Helios, Selene and Eos don't to bright in the sky while the plant still in the earth. Then, the gods started to look for the plant in the night and the destroyed all the plants.
Melia Trees

Also known as ash trees small spring-flowering deciduous tree. It secretes a sweet sap known as manna in July and August which was harvested by the ancients. Manna was believed to be closely related to honey (the word for both was *meli* in Greek). The tree was said to have been first sprung from the blood of heaven, and its manna was often described as the sky-fallen juice of the stars. The stem of the young ash was in the crafting spear-shafts.
Medousa (Daughter of Priam)

One of the daughters of Priamos is named Medousa. Unlike the Gorgon who shares her namesake, little is written about her. Medousa only appears in a few short sentences in Pausanias. Description of Greece x, 26.9 and Pseudo-Apollodorus. The Library iii, 12.5. An image of Meousa appears in the Leche at Delphi. She is depicted sitting on the ground, next to Laodice, and holding in both hands a stone stand with a bronze washing-basin upon it.

## Classical Text

"Next to Laodice in the picture is a bronze wash-basin on a stone stand. Medusa is seated on the ground grasping the stand with both hands. She, if we were to follow the ode of the Himeraean poet would have to be reckoned among the daughters of Priam."

- Pausanias. Description of Greece x, 26.9.

"SONS AND DAUGHTERS OF PRIAM TO THE NUMBER OF LV: Hector, Deiphobus, Cebriones, Polydorus, Helenus, Alexander, Hipposidus, Antinous, Agathon, Dius, Mestor, Lysides, Polymedon, Ascanius, Chirodamas, Evagoras, Dryops, Astynomus, Polymelus, Laodice, Ethionome, Phegea, Henicea, Demnosia, Cassandra, Philomela, Polites, Troilus, Palaemon, Brissonius, Gorgythion, Protodamas, Aretus, Dolon, Chromius, Eresus, Chrysolaus, Demosthea, Doryclus, Hippasus, Hyperochus, Lysianassa, Iliona, Nereis, Evander, Proneos,Archemachus, Ilagus, Axion, Binates, Hippothous, Deiopites, Medusa, Hero, Creusa."

*- Hyginus, Fabulae 90*
Oriahe

Oriahe or Oriah was one of the daughters of Thespius, King of Thespiae, Boeotia. She was one of the daughters to sleep with Herakles while he was in Thespiae. She would bare Laomenes

## Family

### Parents

King Thespius & Queen Megamede or potentially one of Thespius' lovers

## Classical Text

"by Oriahe [Herakles] had Laomenes"
- Apollod. Biblioteca 2.7.8
Onkios

In Greek mythology, Onkios (Ὅγκιος) was a son of Apollo and a ruler over Onkeion, a region of Arcadia adjacent to Thelpusa, as well as eponym of a city Oncae. He owned a herd of horses, in which Dêmêtêr tried to hide from Poseidon's advances, changing herself into a mare. Poseidon did mate with her in the shape of a stallion, which resulted in the birth of the fantastic horse Arion. Onkios kept Arion and later gave him away to Herakles as the latter was starting a military campaign against Elis.
Hylonomê

Hylonome (Ὑλονομη) was one of the Kentaurides Thessalioi (female Thessalian Kentaurs). She was the only female of the centaur-tribe to attend the wedding of Peirithoos and Hippodameia. When her husband Kyllaros was slain in the fight which ensued, she committed suicide by casting herself upon his spear. Hylonome's name means "Woodland Pasture" from the Greek words hylê and nomos.

## Classical Text

"Cyllarus, beauty did not save your life—if beauty is in any of your tribe—your golden beard was in its early growth, your golden hair came flowing to your shoulders. in your bright face there was a pleasing glance. The neck and shoulders and the hands and breast: and every aspect of his human form resembled those admired statues which our gifted artists carve. Even the shape of the fine horse beneath the human form was perfect too. Give him the head and neck of a full-blooded horse, and he would seem a steed for Castor, for his back was shaped so comfortable to be sat upon and muscle swelled upon his arching chest. His lustrous body was as black as pitch, and yet his legs and flowing tail were white as snow. Many a female of his kind loved him, but only Hylonome gained his love. There was no other centaur maid so beautiful as she within the woods. By coaxing ways she had won Cyllarus, by loving and confessing love. By daintiness, so far as that was possible in one of such a form, she held his love; for now she smoothed her long locks with a comb; and now she decked herself with rosemary and now with violets or with roses in her hair; and sometimes she wore lilies, white as snow; and twice each day she bathed her lovely face, in the sweet stream that falls down from the height of wooded Pagasa; and daily, twice she dipped her body in the stream. She wore upon her shoulders and left side a skin, greatly becoming, of selected worth. Their love was equal, and together they would wander over mountain-sides, and rest together in cool caves; and so it was, they went together to that palace-cave, known to the Lapithae. Together they fought fiercely in this battle, side by side. Thrown by an unknown hand, a javelin pierced Cyllarus, just below the fatal spot where the chest rises to the neck—his heart, though only slightly wounded, grew quite cold, and his whole body felt cold, afterwards, as quickly as the weapon was drawn out. Then Hylonome held in her embrace the dying body; fondled the dread wound and, fixing her lips closely to his lips endeavored to hold back his dying breath. But soon she saw that he indeed was dead. With mourning words, which clamor of the fight prevented me from hearing, she threw herself on the spear that pierced her Cyllarus and fell upon his breast, embracing him in death.

- *Ovid, Metamorphoses 12.393-12.428 (Roman epic C1st B.C. to C1st A.D.)*
Melanippus

Melanippus was killed by Teuker

## Classical Text

"By other women Priam had sons, to wit, Melanippus, Gorgythion, Philaemon, Hippothous, Glaucus, Agathon, Chersidamas, Evagoras, Hippodamas, Mestor, Atas, Doryclus, Lycaon, Dryops, Bias, Chromius, Astygonus, Telestas, Evander, Cebriones, Mylius, Archemachus, Laodocus, Echephron, Idomeneus, Hyperion, Ascanius, Democoon, Aretus, Deiopites, Clonius, Echemmon, Hypirochus, Aegeoneus, Lysithous, Polymedon; and daughters, to wit, Medusa, Medesicaste, Lysimache, and Aristodeme."

- Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 3.12.5

"Whom first then of the Trojans did peerless Teucer slay? Orsilochus first and Ormenus and Ophelestes and Daetor and Chromius and godlike Lycophontes and Amopaon, Polyaemon's son, and Melanippus. All these, one after another, he brought down to the bounteous earth. And at sight of him Agamemnon, king of men, waxed glad, as with his mighty bow he made havoc of the battalions of the Trojans; and he came and stood by his side and spake to him, saying: "Teucer, beloved, son of Telamon, captain of hosts, shoot on in this wise, if so be thou mayest prove a light of deliverance to the Danaans and a glory to thy father Telamon, who reared thee when thou wast a babe, and for all thou wast a bastard cherished thee in his own house; him, far away though he be, do thou bring to honour. Moreover, I will declare to thee as it verily shall be brought to pass. If Zeus that beareth the aegis, and Athene shall vouchsafe me to lay waste the well-built citadel of Ilios, in thy hand first after mine own self will I place a meed of honour, either a tripod or two horses with their car, or a woman that shall go up into thy bed."

- Homer, Iliad, 8.276-8.291
Lykoûrgos of Arkadia

In Greek mythology, Lykoûrgos (Λυκοῦργος) was a king of Arkadia.

## Mythology

Lykurgus was notorious for killing, by ambushing him, a warrior called Areithous. He attacked the man unexpectedly in a narrow passage where Areithous' famous club was useless. Lykurgus took Areithous' armor as spoils and wore it himself, but handed it over to Ereuthalion when he had grown old. According to scholia on the Argonautica, Ereuthalion was also vanquished by Lykurgus, who laid an ambush against him and overcame him in the ensuing battle. The Arkadians celebrated a feast known as Moleia in commemoration of this mythical event (mōlos being a word for "battle" according to the scholiast), and paid general honors to Lyckurgus.

Lykurgus outlived his sons and reached an extreme old age for Epokhus fell ill and died while Ankaeus was wounded by the Kalydonian Boar. On his death, he was succeeded by Ekhemus, son of Aeropus, son of his brother Kepheus
Hêlios

Helios is the son of Hyperiôn

## Family

### Spouse & Lovers

Rhodê (wife)

Klymenê (lover)

Persêis (lover)

Neaira (lover)

Ketô (lover)

Aiglê (lover)

Okyrrhoê(lover)

Nausidame (lover)

Leukothoe (lover)

### Children

Aktis (with Rhodê)
Elektryone (with Rhodê)
Ialysos (with Rhodê)
Kameiros (with Rhodê)
Kandalos (with Rhodê)
Lindos (with Rhodê)
Okhimos (with Rhodê)
Kerkaphos (with Rhodê)
Makareus (with Rhodê)
Tenages (with Rhodê)
Triopas (with Rhodê)
Augeias
Thersanon (with Leukothoe)
Lampetiê (with Neaira)
Phaethousa (with Neaira)
Meropê (with Klymenê)
Hêliê (with Klymenê)
Aiglê (with Klymenê)
Lampetiê (with Klymenê)
 Phoibê (with Klymenê)
 Aethria (with Klymenê)
 Dioxippê (with Klymenê)
Phaethôn (with Klymenê)
Astris (with Klymenê)
Phasis (by Okyrrhoê)
Meropê (Heliad)

The Heliades were seven nymph daughters of the sun-god Hêlios. When their brother Phaethon was struck from the chariot of the sun by Zeus, they gathered around his smoky grave on the banks of the River Eridanos and in their unrelenting grief were transformed into poplar-trees and their tears into golden amber.

*Aeschylus* and *Ovid* use the names of two of *Homer'*s Neaerides for the poplar-tree sisters of Phaethon. However they were usually regarded as a distinct set of nymphs.
Menoikeús (Son of Kreon)

Menoikeus, son of Kreon and Eurydike, named after his grandfather. According to Hyginus and Statius, during the reign of Eteocles when the Seven against Thebes laid siege to the city, Kreon's son committed suicide by throwing himself from the walls. This was in concordance with Tiresias foretelling that if anyone of the Spartoi should perish freely as sacrifice to Ares, Thebes would be freed from disaster. The Thebans were ultimately victorious. The battle is memorialized in *Seven Against Thebes*, the play by Aeschylus. Some records say that that Menoeceus was the grandfather of Creon and Jocasta and his son (Creon and Jocasta's father) was named Oscalus. The Greek writer Pausanias visited the site of Menoeceus tomb in the 2nd century AD and recorded that Menoeceus "..committed suicide in obedience to the oracle from Delphi, at the time when Polyneices and the host with him arrived from Argos. On the tomb of Menoeceus grows a pomegranate-tree. If you break through the outer part of the ripe fruit, you will then find the inside like blood. This pomegranate-tree is still flourishing."
Iapetos

In Greek mythology, Iapetos (Greek: Ἰαπετός), was a Krios was one of the elder Titans. Hos the son of Ouranos and Gaia, and father of Atlas, Promêtheus, Epimetheus, Menoitios and Ankhiale.

In Greek mythology, Iapetos (Greek: Ἰαπετός) was one of the elder Titans son of Ouranos and Gaia. He is one of the Titans, who ruled the world during the Golden Age. Iapetos is the titan of mortality, pain, and violent death. Iapetos was the titan lord of the west.

Since his name derives from the word iapto ("wound, pierce") and usually referred to as carrying a spear, it implies that Iapetus may have also been regarded as a titan of craftsmanship, though most scholars mostly only describe him as being the titan of mortality pain and violent death.

## Mythology

### Overthrowing Ouranos

With the exception of Okeanos (who stayed neutral) Iapetos and his brothers conspired against their father who had taken control over the heavens, the earth, and the underworld. Iapetos, Kriôs, Koios, and Hyperiôn each hid in each of the farthest corners of the earth when Ouranos descended to earth to lie with Gaia. Iapetos, Koios, Krios & Hyperion grabbed onto Ouranos. Kronos snuck up under him, castrated him and cut him to pieces and seized power. Iapetos was given control over the western part of earth of earth by (which is why Iapetos only stayed on the western part of the west).

### Imprisonment

After the Titanomachy, Iapetos was imprisoned with his brothers in Tartarus. Some myths say that he was eventually released from his prison.His color co-ordination is said to be silver.

## Family

### Children

* Atlas (Son)

* Promêtheus (Son)

* Epimetheus (Son)

* Menoitios (Son)

* Ankhiale (Daughter)
Palamedes

In Greek mythology, Palamedes (Παλαμήδης) was the son of Nauplius and Klymene.

He joined the Greeks in the expedition against Troy. Pausanias in his Description of Greece (2.20.3) says that in Korinth there is a Temple of Fortune to which Palamedes dedicated the dice that he had invented. Plato in The Republic (Book 7) (through the mouthpiece of Socrates) remarks that Palamedes claimed to have invented numbers.

## Mythology

### Expedition against Troy

After Paris took Helen to Troy, Agamemnon sent Palamedes to Ithaca to retrieve Odysseus, who had promised to defend the marriage of Helen and Menelaüs. Odysseus did not want to honor his oath, so he plowed his fields with an ass and an ox both hitched to the same plow, so the beasts of different sizes caused the plow to pull chaotically. Palamedes guessed what was happening and put Odysseus' son, Telemachus, in front of the plow. Odysseus stopped working and revealed his sanity.

### Death

Odysseus never forgave Palamedes for ruining his attempt to stay out of the Trojan War. When Palamedes advised the Greeks to return home, Odysseus hid gold in his tent and wrote a fake letter purportedly from Priam. The letter was found and the Greeks accused him of being a traitor. Palamedes was stoned to death by Odysseus and Diomedes. According to other accounts the two warriors drowned him during a fishing expedition. Still another version relates that he was lured into a well in search of treasure, and then was crushed by stones. Although he is a major character in some accounts of the Trojan War, Palamedes is not mentioned in Homer's Iliad.
Medesikaste (Daughter of Laomedon)

Medesicaste, a daughter of Laomedon and thus a sister of Priam. Together with her sisters Aethilla and Astyokhe, she was taken captive by the Greeks after the end of the Trojan War; the three sisters set fire to the Greek ships, causing the crew to remain and settle at the place they were staying at
Phegea

In Fabulae, Hyginus lists Phegea as one of the daughters of King Priam. Hyginus is the only source to list her. Phegea's mother name is not provided.

## Classical Text

SONS AND DAUGHTERS OF PRIAM TO THE NUMBER OF LV: Hector, Deiphobus, Cebriones, Polydorus, Helenus, Alexander, Hipposidus, Antinous, Agathon, Dius, Mestor, Lysides, Polymedon, Ascanius, Chirodamas, Evagoras, Dryops, Astynomus, Polymelus, Laodice, Ethionome, Phegea, Henicea, Demnosia, Cassandra, Philomela, Polites, Troilus, Palaemon, Brissonius, Gorgythion, Protodamas, Aretus, Dolon, Chromius, Eresus, Chrysolaus, Demosthea, Doryclus, Hippasus, Hyperochus, Lysianassa, Iliona, Nereis, Evander, Proneos, Archemachus, Ilagus, Axion, Binates, Hippothous, Deiopites, Medusa, Hero, Creusa.

- Hyginus, Fabulae 90
Nereis

In Fabulae, Hyginus, Nereis is listed as one of the daughters of King Priamos. Hyginus is the only source to list her. Nereis's mother's name is not provided.

## Classical Text

"SONS AND DAUGHTERS OF PRIAM TO THE NUMBER OF LV: Hector, Deiphobus, Cebriones, Polydorus, Helenus, Alexander, Hipposidus, Antinous, Agathon, Dius, Mestor, "Lysides, Polymedon, Ascanius, Chirodamas, Evagoras, Dryops, Astynomus, Polymelus, Laodice, Ethionome, Phegea, Henicea, Demnosia, Cassandra, Philomela, Polites, Troilus, Palaemon, Brissonius, Gorgythion, Protodamas, Aretus, Dolon, Chromius, Eresus, Chrysolaus, Demosthea, Doryclus, Hippasus, Hyperochus, Lysianassa, Iliona, Nereis, Evander, Proneos, Archemachus, Ilagus, Axion, Binates, Hippothous, Deiopites, Medusa, Hero, Creusa."

- Hyginus, Fabulae 90
Peacock

The **Peacock** is one of the birds sacred to Hera. The feathers are a tribute to the hundred eyed Giant Argus who once guarded Io when she was transformed into a Heifer.

## Myth

### Eyes of the Peacock

Zeus was married to Hera, however, he fell in love with Io.  Zeus had turned Io into a beautiful white bovine to hide her true identity from Hera.  Zeus feared the intensity of Hera's jealousy and tried to hide himself and the heifer he loved by wrapping the earth in a dense cloud, thick enough to create constant night.  With daylight suddenly missing from the earth, Hera knew that her obtuse husband was up to something.  Searching the heavens to no avail, she descended to earth, ordering the cloud away.  She found Zeus beside the white heifer, claiming he just discovered the newly born cow.  Hera knew that Zeus was lying to her, but played his bluff and asked for the cow as a gift. Zeus felt terrible doing it, but he knew that Hera would suspect something if he didn't concede. He reluctantly turned Io over to his wife, and Hera knew exactly what to do to keep Io away from him.

Hera recruited Argus to guard the heifer. He had a hundred eyes and could sleep  while always leaving some eyes open, making him the perfect watchman.  Zeus writhed as misery engulfed his love.  Io had been turned into a cow, taken from her home, and now trapped under Hera's orders.  Unable to withstand Io's anguish, Zeus called on Hermes, the messenger of the gods, and informed him to find a way to kill Argus and set Io free.  Hermes was extremely clever, shedding all his godly paraphernalia and went to Argus in the guise of a country fellow.  Hermes decide to make a pipe of reeds his luring weapon of choice and played music close enough to draw Argus' attention.  Argus found the music most pleasing and invited Hermes to sit beside him to play music for him.

The music however did not cause repose as Hermes hoped.  Soon, Hermes stopped playing and began to talk and talk monotonously.  This was nowhere near as enjoyable to Argus and he soon found himself bored as Hermes droned on and on with his mundane stories. The tale of Pan and Syrinx would finally lull Argus to sleep.  Once the hundredth eye had shut, Hermes struck, killing Argus in his slumber. Io was set free, until Hera would turn on her again, plaguing her with gad-flies that stung her into madness. In tribute to her trusted watchman, Hera took the eyes of Argus and set them to the tail of her favorite bird, the peacock.

### Chariot

The Peacock is so important to Hera that a pair of them are the animal chosen (by Hera) to pull Hera's Chariot.
Okyrrhoê

Okyrrhoê (Οκυρροη) was a Naiad-nymph of Kolkhis, at the eastern end of the Black Sea, loved by the sun-god Helios.

## Classical Text

"By Helios she was the mother of Phasis. Once after he was grown, Phasis surprised his mother with a lover and killed her. In despair he threw himself into the Arktouros River and drowned. Afterward the river was called the Phasis."
- R. E. Bell, Women of Classical Mythology (sourced from Pseudo-Plutarch On Rivers 5) :
Olympusa

Olympusa sometimes spelled Olympousa was one of the daughters of Thespius, King of Thespiae, Boeotia. She was one of the fifty daughters to sleep with Herakles while he was in Thespia. She would bare Halokrates.

## Family

### Parents

King Thespius and Queen Megamede or potentially one of Thespius' lovers

## Classical Text

"by Olympusa he [Herakles] had Halokrates"

- Apollod. Biblioteca 2.7.8
Lusimákhē (Daughter of Priam)

Lusimákhē was one of the daughters of Priam

## Classical Text

"By other women Priam had sons, to wit, Melanippus, Gorgythion, Philaemon, Hippothous, Glaucus, Agathon, Chersidamas, Evagoras, Hippodamas, Mestor, Atas, Doryclus, Lycaon, Dryops, Bias, Chromius, Astygonus, Telestas, Evander, Cebriones, Mylius, Archemachus, Laodocus, Echephron, Idomeneus, Hyperion, Ascanius, Democoon, Aretus, Deiopites, Clonius, Echemmon, Hypirochus, Aegeoneus, Lysithous, Polymedon; and daughters, to wit, Medusa, Medesicaste, Lysimache, and Aristodeme."

- Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 3.12.5
Orthros

Orthros was a two-headed, serpent-tailed dog which guarded the fabulous, red cattle of Geryon on the island of Erytheia. Herakles was sent to fetch the cattle as one of his twelve labors. In order to get to Geryon, Herakles first had to get past his dog Orthros. Herakles shot Orthros with arrows.

## Mythology

Orthros was one of a large brood of monsters spawned the she-dragon Ekhidna. His siblings included the hound Kerberos and the three-headed lion Khimaira. With the latter the produced the Sphinx and the Nemeios Lion.

Orthros' name was derived from the Greek word *orthros* meaning "Twilight". His name also spelt Orthos after *orthos* "the Straight".

## Children

* Sphinx (by Khimaira)
* Nemean Lion (by Khimaira)
Peirênê

Peirênê was the Naiad-nymph of a fountain in the city of Korinthos (Corinth), southern Greece. She was a daughter of the Sikyonian river-god Asopos who was abducted to the site of the town by the god Poseidon. Their, sons Lekhes (Leches) and Kenkhrias (Cenchrias), were the eponymous founders of the city's twin ports--one on each side of the Isthmos.

Peirene's name was derived from the Greek word peirainô meaning "to tie" or "fasten." This might have referred to the important portage-road linking the two ports or was perhaps connected with the story of Bellerophon who yoked the winged-horse Pegasos beside her spring.
Kalligeneia

Kalligeneia (Καλλιγενεια) was the nymph nursemaid of the goddess Demeter and her daughter Persephone. She was worshipped as a goddess of the Eleusinian Mysteries.

Kalligeneia was perhaps the Naiad-nymph of the sacred Kallikhoros spring of Eleusis. Alternatively her name might simply be a title of the earth-goddess Gaia.
Phantes

Phantes is one of the children of King Aigyptos

## Classical Text

"The twelve sons of [Aigyptos and] a Naias Nymphe named Kaliadne drew lots for the daughters of [Danaus and] Polyxô, also a Naias. The sons were named Eurylokhos, Phantes, Peristhenes, Hermos, Dryas, Potamon, Kisseus, Lixos, Imbros, Bromios, Polyktor, and Khthonios; the girls were Autonoe, Theano, Êlektrê, Kleopatra, Eurydike, Glaukippe, Antheleia, Kleodore, Euippe, Eratô, Stygne, and Bryke."

- Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 2.1.5 (Greek mythographer C2nd A.D.)
Philamnos

Philamnos was one of the paneides who were twelve young Panes, goat-legged rustic spirits or gods. The Panes, were, sons of the elder god Pan. They joined Dionysos in his war against the Indians.

## Classical Text

*"Now* [in India] *the hill the summit of which is inhabited by the sages is, according to the account of our travellers, of about the same height as the Akropolis of Athens; and it rises: straight up from the plain, though its natural position equally secures it from attack for the rock surrounds it on all sides. On many parts of this rock you see traces of cloven feet and outlines of beards and of faces, and here and there impressions of backs as of persons who had slipt--and rolled down. For they say that Dionysos, when he was trying to storm the place together with Herakles, ordered the Panes to attack it, thinking that they would be strong enough to take it by assault; but they were thunderstruck by the sages and fell one, one way, and another, another; and the rocks as it were took the print of the various postures in which they fell and failed."*

- Philostratus, Life of Apollonius of Tyana 3. 13 (trans. Conybeare) (Greek biography C1st to C2nd A.D.)
Mimas (Kentauroi Thessalioi)

## Classical Text

And there was the strife of the Lapith spearmen gathered round the prince Caeneus and Dryas and Peirithous, with Hopleus, Exadius, Phalereus, and Prolochus, Mopsus the son of Ampyce of Titaresia, a scion of Ares, and Theseus, the son of Aegeus, like unto the deathless gods. These were of silver, and had armour of gold upon their bodies. And the Centaurs were gathered against them on the other side with Petraeus and Asbolus the diviner, Arctus, and Ureus, and black-haired Mimas, and the two sons of silver, and they had pinetrees of gold in their hands, and they were rushing together as though they were alive and striking at one another hand to hand with spears and with pines.
- *Hesiod, Shield of Herakles 178-190*
Mylinos

Mylinos (Μυλινος) was a little-known giant of the island of Krete (Crete) slain by the god Zeus.

Mylinos is similar to the Kretan giant Olympos. Both appear to be related to Kronos, father of Zeus. His name means "millstone" from the Greek word *mylinos*. The millstone might symbolise the slow revolution of time which grinds down all things, similar to the all-devouring Titan Kronos of standard Greek myth.

## Classical Text

"He [Zeus] slew the Gigantes and their followers, Mylinos in Krete and Typhon in Phrygia."
- Diodorus Siculus, Library of History 5. 71. 2 (Greek historian C1st B.C.)
Pantariste

**Pantariste** (Πανταρίστη) was an Amazon who fought on Hippolyte's side against Herakles and his troops.

A black-figure vase painting of the 6th century BCE depicts Pantariste defeating the Greek warrior Timiades. The same painting features two other similar "Greek hero vs. Amazon" fighting scenes: Herakles about to kill Andromache; and Telamon attacking Ainippe.
Meda

## Classical Text

[1.5.2] The eponymoi22 – this is the name given to them – are Hippothoon son of Poseidon and Alope daughter of Cercyon, Antiochus, one of the children of Heracles borne to him by Meda daughter of Phylas, thirdly, Ajax son of Telamon, and to the Athenians belongs Leos, who is said to have given up his daughters, at the command of the oracle, for the safety of the commonwealth. Among the eponymoi is Erechtheus, who conquered the Eleusinians in battle, and killed their general, Immaradus the son of Eumolpus. There is Aegeus also and Oeneus the bastard son of Pandion, and Acamas, one of the children of Theseus.

- Pausanias, Description of Greece

[10.10.1] X. On the base below the wooden horse is an inscription which says that the statues were dedicated from a tithe of the spoils taken in the engagement at Marathon. They represent Athena, Apollo, and Miltiades, one of the generals. Of those called heroes there are Erechtheus, Cecrops, Pandion, Leos, Antiochus, son of Heracles by Meda, daughter of Phylas, as well as Aegeus and Acamas, one of the sons of Theseus. These heroes gave names, in obedience to a Delphic oracle, to tribes at Athens. Codrus however, the son of Melanthus, Theseus, and Neleus, these are not givers of names to tribes.

- Pausanias, Description of Greece
Melisseus

Melisseus was the rustic demi-god (*daimon*) of honey and the art of beekeeping. He was one of the Kouretes (Curetes) or Euboian Korybantes (Corybantes).

Melisseus was closely identified with the Euboian god Aristaios (Aristaeus) who was also the reputed discoverer of honey and a Korybantic nurse of the god Dionysos. Melisseus might also be related to the Titan-god Astraios (Astraeus) (Starry One) for the ancient Greeks believed that amber-coloured (*êlektron* or *soukinos*) honey-sap (*melissa*) was star-fall (*astron*) which the bees collected from flowers and trees.
Menestheus

**Menestheus** (Μενεσθεύς) was a legendary king of Athens during the Trojan War, son of Peteus, grandson of Orneus, and great-grandson of Erechtheus, one of the early kings of Athens. He was set up as king by the twins Castor and Polydeuces when Theseus travelled to the Underworld after abducting their sister, Helen, and exiled Theseus from the city after his return.

Menestheus was one of the suitors of Helen of Troy, and when the Trojan War started he brought "fifty black ships" to Troy. In the *Iliad* it is noted that no one could arrange chariots and shield-bearing warriors in battle orders better than Menestheus, and that only Nestor could vie with him in that respect. In Herodotus, he is referred to as 'the best man to go to Troy and to draw up and marshal the troops' (7.161.3) by the Athenian sent to request aid from Gelon, the dictator of Syracuse.

Yet, further he is characterised as not valiant. When Agamemnon was reviewing his troops he found Menestheus in the back rows seemingly avoiding action. Later when Sarpedon attacked the portion of the Greek wall that he was in charge of, Menestheus shivered and had to call on Telamonian Ajax and Teucer for aid. Menestheus was one of the warriors in the Trojan Horse. After Troy was sacked, he sailed to Mimas, then to Melos where he became king.

When Menestheus died, Athens passed back to the family of Theseus, with Theseus' youngest son Demophon ascending to the throne.
Pelops

**Pelops** (Πέλοψ) whose name means "dark eyes" or "dark face", was a son of Agamemnon and Kassandra. This Pelops, carrying the ancestral name (after his great-grandfather Pelops, king of Pisa) and his twin brother Teledamus (destined to have been "far-ruling"), the very emblems of the Pelopides, were murdered in their infancy by the usurper Aigisthos.
Lysides

## Classical Text

SONS AND DAUGHTERS OF PRIAM TO THE NUMBER OF LV: Hector, Deiphobus, Cebriones, Polydorus, Helenus, Alexander, Hipposidus, Antinous, Agathon, Dius, Mestor, Lysides, Polymedon, Ascanius, Chirodamas, Evagoras, Dryops, Astynomus, Polymelus, Laodice, Ethionome, Phegea, Henicea, Demnosia, Cassandra, Philomela, Polites, Troilus, Palaemon, Brissonius, Gorgythion, Protodamas, Aretus, Dolon, Chromius, Eresus, Chrysolaus, Demosthea, Doryclus, Hippasus, Hyperochus, Lysianassa, Iliona, Nereis, Evander, Proneos, Archemachus, Ilagus, Axion, Binates, Hippothous, Deiopites, Medusa, Hero, Creusa.

- Hyginus, Fabulae 90
Peristhenis

Peristhenis is one of the fifty sons of King Aigyptos

## Classical Text

"The twelve sons of [Aigyptos and] a Naias Nymphe named Kaliadne drew lots for the daughters of [Danaus and] Polyxô, also a Naias. The sons were named Eurylokhos, Phantes, Peristhenes, Hermos, Dryas, Potamon, Kisseus, Lixos, Imbros, Bromios, Polyktor, and Khthonios; the girls were Autonoe, Theano, Êlektrê, Kleopatra, Eurydike, Glaukippe, Antheleia, Kleodore, Euippe, Eratô, Stygne, and Bryke."

- Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 2.1.5 (Greek mythographer C2nd A.D.)
One Of The Greatest Sources For Greek Mythology Wiki

A Compilation Of Characters, Creatures, Places and Myths Pertaining To Greek Mythology Covering Both Large & Small Aspects

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Klanis

## Classical Text

On one side Thetis, whom a god had hoped to win, is being borne upon the back of a Tyrrhene fish to the bridal chamber of Peleus; the dolphin is speeding over the sea; she herself is sitting with her veil drawn down over her eyes, and is sorrowing that Achilles shall not be born greater than Jupiter. Panope and her sister Doto and Galatea with bare shoulders, revelling in the waves, escort her toward the caverns; Cyclops from the Sicilian shore calls Galatea back. Opposite to this is a fire and a bed of green leaves, a banquet and wines, and in the midst of the sea-gods the son of Aeacus with his wife; they have drunk, and now Chiron is touching the lyre. On the other side is Pholoe and Rhoetus mad with much wine, and the strife that broke out over the Atracian maid. Bowls and tables are flying, altars of the gods and cups, the marvellous work of ancient craftsmen. Here may one recognise Peleus, lord of the spear, and here Aeson raging with his sword. Monychus is toiling beneath the weight of his conqueror Nestor, mounted on his unwilling back; Clanis is sealing death to Actor with a blazing oak tree; Nessus the black centaur is bleeding, and in the midst of all Hippasus leaning against he coverlets is burying his head in an empty golden goblet.
- *Valerius Flaccus, Argonautica 1.130 - 1.148*
Oizys

Oizys (Οιζυς) known in Roman mythology as Miseria was the personified spirit of misery and woe, distress and suffering. She was one of the malevolent children of Nyx.

## Classical Text

*"And Nyx bare hateful Moros and black Ker and Thanatos, and she bare Hypnos and the tribe of Oneiroi. And again the goddess murky Nyx, though she lay with none, bare Momos (and painful Oizys (Misery)..."*
- Hesiod, Theogony 211 ff (Greek epic C8th or C7th B.C.)
Nephelê (Wife of Athamas)

Nephelê was the cloud-nymph and the first wife of Lord Athamas of Athamantia in Boiotia (central Greece). When Athamas' second wife Ino plotted to have Nephelê's children sacrificed to the gods, she sent the golden-fleeced Ram to carry them away to safety.

Nephelê was one of the Okeanides which were sometimes portrayed as clouds.

## Family

### Children

Phrixos
Helle
Makistos
Melanippe (Amazon)

An Amazon, sister of Hippolyte, Penthesileia and Antiope.  Herakles captured her and demanded Hippolyte's girdle in exchange for her freedom. Hippolyte complied and Herakles let her go.  Some say that it was Melanippe whom Theseus abducted and married.  Yet others relate that she was killed by Telamon.
Peisênor

## Classical Text

"Victorious, then rushed he upon Evagrus, and Corythus and Dryas. First of these was youthful Corythus, whose cheeks were then just covered with soft down. When he fell dead, Evagrus cried, `What glory do you get, killing a boy?’ But Rhoetus did not give him time for uttering one word more. He pushed the red hot stake into the foeman's mouth, while he still spoke, and down into his lungs. He then pursued the savage Dryas, while whirling the red fire fast about his head; but not with like success, for, while he still rejoiced in killings, Dryas turned and pierced him with a stake where neck and shoulder meet. Rhoetus groaned and with a great effort pulled the stake out from the bone, then fled away, drenched in his blood. And Orneus followed him. Lycabas fled, and Medon with a wound in his right shoulder. Thaumas and Pisenor and Mermerus fled with them. Mermerus, who used to excell all others in a race, ran slowly, crippled by a recent wound. Pholus and Melaneus ran for their lives and with them Abas, hunter of wild boars and Asbolus, the augur, who in vain had urged his friends to shun that hapless fight. As Nessus joined the rout, he said to him, `You need not flee, for you shall be reserved a victim for the bow of Hercules!’ But neither Lycidas, Eurynomus nor Areos, nor Imbreus had escaped from death: for all of these the strong right hand of Dryas pierced, as they confronted him. Crenaeus there received a wound in front. Although he turned in flight, as he looked back, a heavy javelin between his eyes pierced through him, where his nose and forehead joined."
- Ovid, Metamorphoses 12.290-12.315 (Roman epic C1st B.C. to C1st A.D.)
Persês (Child of Helios)

Persês (Πέρσης) was the brother of Aiêtēs, Kirkê and Pasiphaê (which makes him a son of Helios, presumably by Perse the Oceanid). He usurped the throne of Kolkhis from his brother, but was subsequently slain by Medea, his paternal niece. He is not to be confused with the Titan known as Persês, who is known for fathering Hekatê.
Lyssa

Lyssa (Λυσσα) was the goddess or personified spirit (daimona) of mad rage, fury, crazed frenzy and, in animals, rabies. The Athenians spelt her name Lytta.

Lyssa was a figure of Athenian tragedy. In Aeschylus she appears as an agent of Dionysos sent to drive the Minyades mad, and in Euripides she is sent by Hera to inflict Herakles with madness. Greek vase-painting depicts her standing beside Aktaion (Actaeon) as he is torn apart by his maddened hounds. In this scene she appears as a women dressed in a short skirt and crowned with a dog's-head cap representing the madness of rabies.

Lyssa was closley related to the Maniai (Maniae), the goddesses of mania and madness.
Khrysaôr

Khrysaôr's name means "golden-blade"

was a son of the Gorgon Medousa who, together with his twin-brother Pegasos, was born from the bloody neck-stump of his beheaded mother.

Khrysaôr was usually described as a giant but, at times, may have been envisaged as a winged-boar.

## Trivia

As Khrysaôr means "golden-blade" this could be a sword, tusks, or, as in the case Demeter's title Khrysaoros, a reference to golden blades of wheat.
Marôn

Marôn was the rustic Seilenos god of Maroneia in Thrake--one of the finest wine-producing regions in the ancient world. He was also the charioteer of the god Dionysos.

Maron first appears in Homer's *Odyssey* as a priest of Apollon in Maroneia where he presents Odysseus with a gift of his finest wines. Euripides later describes him as a son of Dionysos and pupil of Seilenos.

In late Hellenistic and Roman art Maron is often confounded with Seilenos or portrayed as one of three elderly Seilenoi in the retinue of Dionysos.

His name was derived from the word *marôn* which means "whitish-grey"--an adjective used to describe the color of an ass's hide. He was, of course, also the eponym of the region of Maroneia.
Nestor

In Greek mythology, **Nestor of Gerenia** (Greek: Νέστωρ Γερήνιος) was the son of Neleus and Khlotris and the King of Pylos. He became king after Herakles killed Neleus and all of Nestor's siblings. His wife was either Neleus or Khlotris ;

### Children

Peisistratus
Thrasymedes
Pisidike
Polykaste
Perseus
Stratikhus
Aretus
Ekhephron
Antilokhus.
Molios

**Molios** is the Gigante opponent of the sun Titan, Helios. Molios was slain after fierce fighting on the Isle of Aiaia. From his blood sprung the magical Moly Plant which could make those who eat it invulnerable to death by heroes. As only a god and a hero combined could killed this would have made the other Gigantes unable to be killed. When Zeus learned of this plant, he ordered Eos, Helios and Selênê not to shine light (thus preventing Gaia or the Gigantes from getting finding it) until Zeus had the chance to harvest all of the Moly Plant himself and then he had Athênê summon Herakles.