August 22

DateTemplate:SHORTDESC:Date**August 22** is the 234th day of the year (235th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. 131 days remain until the end of the year.

## Events

* 392 – Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor.
* 851 – Battle of Jengland: Erispoe defeats Charles the Bald near the Breton town of Jengland.
* 1138 – Battle of the Standard between Scotland and England.
* 1485 – The Battle of Bosworth Field, the death of Richard III and the end of the House of Plantagenet.
* 1559 – Bartolomé Carranza, Spanish archbishop, is arrested for heresy.
* 1614 – Fettmilch Uprising: Jews are expelled from Frankfurt, Holy Roman Empire, following the plundering of the Judengasse.
* 1639 – Madras (now Chennai), India, is founded by the British East India Company on a sliver of land bought from local Nayak rulers.
* 1642 – Charles I raises his standard in Nottingham, which marks the beginning of the English Civil War.
* 1654 – Jacob Barsimson arrives in New Amsterdam. He is the first known Jewish immigrant to America.
* 1711 – Britain's Quebec Expedition loses eight ships and almost nine hundred soldiers, sailors and women to rocks at Pointe-aux-Anglais.
* 1717 – Spanish troops land on Sardinia.
* 1770 – James Cook names and lands on Possession Island, and claims the east coast of Australia for Britain as New South Wales.
* 1777 – British forces abandon the Siege of Fort Stanwix after hearing rumors of Continental Army reinforcements.
* 1780 – James Cook's ship HMS *Resolution* returns to England (Cook having been killed on Hawaii during the voyage).
* 1791 – Beginning of the Haitian Slave Revolution in Saint-Domingue, Haiti.
* 1798 – French troops land at Kilcummin, County Mayo, Ireland to aid the rebellion.
* 1827 – José de la Mar becomes President of Peru.
* 1846 – The Second Federal Republic of Mexico is established.
* 1849 – The first air raid in history. Austria launches pilotless balloons against the city of Venice.
* 1851 – The first America's Cup is won by the yacht *America*.
* 1864 – Twelve nations sign the First Geneva Convention, establishing the rules of protection of the victims of armed conflicts.
* 1875 – The Treaty of Saint Petersburg between Japan and Russia is ratified, providing for the exchange of Sakhalin for the Kuril Islands.
* 1894 – Mahatma Gandhi forms the Natal Indian Congress (NIC) in order to fight discrimination against Indian traders in Natal.
* 1902 – Cadillac Motor Company is founded.
* 1902 – Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first President of the United States to make a public appearance in an automobile.
* 1922 – Michael Collins, Commander-in-chief of the Irish Free State Army, is shot dead in an ambush during the Irish Civil War.
* 1934 – Bill Woodfull of Australia becomes the only test cricket captain to twice regain The Ashes.
* 1941 – World War II: German troops begin the Siege of Leningrad.
* 1942 – Brazil declares war on Germany, Japan and Italy.
* 1944 – World War II: Holocaust of Kedros in Crete by German forces.
* 1949 – The Queen Charlotte earthquake is Canada's strongest since the 1700 Cascadia earthquake.
* 1953 – The penal colony on Devil's Island is permanently closed.
* 1962 – The OAS attempts to assassinate French president Charles de Gaulle.
* 1963 – X-15 Flight 91 reaches the highest altitude of the X-15 program (107.96 km (67.08 mi) (354,200 feet)).
* 1966 – Labor movements NFWA and AWOC merge to become the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee (UFWOC), predecessor of the United Farm Workers.
* 1968 – Pope Paul VI arrives in Bogotá, Colombia. It is the first visit of a pope to Latin America.
* 1971 – J. Edgar Hoover and John Mitchell announce the arrest of 20 of the Camden 28.
* 1972 – Rhodesia is expelled by the IOC for its racist policies.
* 1973 – The Congress of Chile votes in favour of a resolution condemning President Salvador Allende's government and demands that he resign or else be unseated through force and new elections.
* 1978 – Nicaraguan Revolution: The FLSN seizes the National Congress of Nicaragua, along with over a thousand hostages.
* 1978 – The District of Columbia Voting Rights Amendment is passed by the U.S. Congress, although it is never ratified by a sufficient number of states.
* 1981 – Far Eastern Air Transport Flight 103 disintegrates in mid-air and crashes in Sanyi Township, Miaoli County, Taiwan. All 110 people on board are killed.
* 1985 – British Airtours Flight 28M suffers an engine fire during takeoff at Manchester Airport. The pilots abort but due to inefficient evacuation procedures 55 people are killed, mostly from smoke inhalation.
* 1989 – Nolan Ryan strikes out Rickey Henderson to become the first Major League Baseball pitcher to record 5,000 strikeouts.
* 1991 – Iceland is the first nation in the world to recognize the independence of the Baltic states.
* 1992 – FBI sniper Lon Horiuchi shoots and kills Vicki Weaver during an 11-day siege at her home at Ruby Ridge, Idaho.
* 2003 – Alabama Chief Justice Roy Moore is suspended after refusing to comply with a federal court order to remove a rock inscribed with the Ten Commandments from the lobby of the Alabama Supreme Court building.
* 2004 – Versions of *The Scream* and *Madonna*, two paintings by Edvard Munch, are stolen at gunpoint from a museum in Oslo, Norway.
* 2006 – Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise Flight 612 crashes near the Russian border over eastern Ukraine, killing all 170 people on board.
* 2006 – Grigori Perelman is awarded the Fields Medal for his proof of the Poincaré conjecture in mathematics but refuses to accept the medal.
* 2007 – The Texas Rangers defeat the Baltimore Orioles 30–3, the most runs scored by a team in modern Major League Baseball history.
* 2012 – Ethnic clashes over grazing rights for cattle in Kenya's Tana River District result in more than 52 deaths.

## Births

* 1412 – Frederick II, Elector of Saxony (d. 1464)
* 1570 – Franz von Dietrichstein, Roman Catholic archbishop and cardinal (d. 1636)
* 1599 – Agatha Marie of Hanau, German noblewoman (d. 1636)
* 1601 – Georges de Scudéry, French author, poet, and playwright (d. 1667)
* 1624 – Jean Regnault de Segrais, French author and poet (d. 1701)
* 1647 – Denis Papin, French physicist and mathematician, developed pressure cooking (d. 1712)
* 1679 – Pierre Guérin de Tencin, French cardinal (d. 1758)
* 1760 – Pope Leo XII (d. 1829)
* 1764 – Charles Percier, French architect and interior designer (d. 1838)
* 1771 – Henry Maudslay, English engineer (d. 1831)
* 1773 – Aimé Bonpland, French botanist and explorer (d. 1858)
* 1778 – James Kirke Paulding, American poet, playwright, and politician, 11th United States Secretary of the Navy (d. 1860)
* 1788 – Thomas Tredgold, English engineer and author (d. 1829)
* 1800 – William S. Harney, American general (d. 1889)
* 1800 – Samuel David Luzzatto, Italian poet and scholar (d. 1865)
* 1827 – Ezra Butler Eddy, Canadian businessman and politician (d. 1906)
* 1834 – Samuel Pierpont Langley, American physicist and astronomer (d. 1906)
* 1836 – Archibald Willard, American soldier and painter (d. 1918)
* 1844 – George W. De Long, American Naval officer and explorer (d. 1881)
* 1845 – William Lewis Douglas, American businessman and politician, 42nd Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1924)
* 1847 – John Forrest, Australian politician, 1st Premier of Western Australia (d. 1918)
* 1848 – Melville Elijah Stone, American publisher, founded the *Chicago Daily News* (d. 1929)
* 1854 – Milan I of Serbia (d. 1901)
* 1857 – Ned Hanlon, American baseball player and manager (d. 1937)
* 1860 – Paul Gottlieb Nipkow, Polish-German technician and inventor, created the Nipkow disk (d. 1940)
* 1860 – Alfred Ploetz, German physician, biologist, and eugenicist (d. 1940)
* 1862 – Claude Debussy, French pianist and composer (d. 1918)
* 1867 – Maximilian Bircher-Benner, Swiss physician and nutritionist (d. 1939)
* 1867 – Charles Francis Jenkins, American inventor (d. 1934)
* 1868 – Willis R. Whitney, American chemist (d. 1958)
* 1873 – Alexander Bogdanov, Russian physician and philosopher (d. 1928)
* 1874 – Max Scheler, German philosopher and author (d. 1928)
* 1880 – Gorch Fock, German author and poet (d. 1916)
* 1880 – George Herriman, American cartoonist (d. 1944)
* 1881 – James Newland, Australian soldier and policeman (d. 1949)
* 1882 – Raymonde de Laroche, French pilot (d. 1919)
* 1887 – Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk, German jurist and politician, German Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1977)
* 1890 – Cecil Kellaway, South African actor (d. 1973)
* 1891 – Henry Bachtold, Australian soldier and railway engineer (d. 1983)
* 1891 – Jacques Lipchitz, Lithuanian-Italian sculptor (d. 1973)
* 1893 – Wilfred Kitching, English 7th General of The Salvation Army (d. 1977)
* 1893 – Dorothy Parker, American poet, short story writer, critic, and satirist (d. 1967)
* 1893 – Ernest H. Volwiler, American chemist (d. 1992)
* 1895 – László Almásy, Hungarian captain, pilot, and explorer (d. 1951)
* 1895 – Paul Comtois, Canadian lawyer and politician, 21st Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (d. 1966)
* 1896 – Laurence McKinley Gould, American geologist, educator, and polar explorer (d. 1995)
* 1897 – Bill Woodfull, Australian cricketer and educator (d. 1965)
* 1900 – Lisy Fischer, Swiss-born pianist and child prodigy (d. 1999)
* 1902 – Thomas Pelly, American lawyer and politician (d. 1973)
* 1902 – Leni Riefenstahl, German actress, film director and propagandist (d. 2003)
* 1902 – Edward Rowe Snow, American historian and author (d. 1982)
* 1903 – Jerry Iger, American cartoonist, co-founded Eisner & Iger (d. 1990)
* 1904 – Deng Xiaoping, Chinese soldier and politician, 1st Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China (d. 1997)
* 1908 – Henri Cartier-Bresson, French photographer and painter (d. 2004)
* 1908 – Erwin Thiesies, German rugby player and coach (d. 1993)
* 1909 – Julius J. Epstein, American screenwriter and producer (d. 2000)
* 1909 – Mel Hein, American football player and coach (d. 1992)
* 1913 – Leonard Pagliero, English businessman and pilot (d. 2008)
* 1913 – Bruno Pontecorvo, Italian physicist and academic (d. 1993)
* 1914 – Jack Dunphy, American author and playwright (d. 1992)
* 1914 – Connie B. Gay, American businessman, co-founded the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum (d. 1989)
* 1915 – David Dellinger, American activist (d. 2004)
* 1915 – James Hillier, Canadian-American scientist, co-designed the electron microscope (d. 2007)
* 1915 – Edward Szczepanik, Polish economist and politician, 15th Prime Minister of the Polish Republic in Exile (d. 2005)
* 1917 – John Lee Hooker, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2001)
* 1918 – Mary McGrory, American journalist and author (d. 2004)
* 1920 – Ray Bradbury, American science fiction writer and screenwriter (d. 2012)
* 1920 – Denton Cooley, American surgeon and scientist (d. 2016)
* 1921 – Dinos Dimopoulos, Greek director and screenwriter (d. 2003)
* 1921 – Tony Pawson, English cricketer, footballer, and journalist (d. 2012)
* 1922 – Roberto Aizenberg, Argentine painter and sculptor (d. 1996)
* 1922 – Theoni V. Aldredge, Greek-American costume designer (d. 2011)
* 1924 – James Kirkwood, Jr., American playwright and author (d. 1989)
* 1924 – Harishankar Parsai, Indian writer, satirist and humorist (d. 1995)
* 1925 – Honor Blackman, English actress and republican (d. 2020)
* 1926 – Bob Flanigan, American pop singer (d. 2011)
* 1928 – Tinga Seisay, Sierra Leonean academic and diplomat (d.2015)
* 1928 – Karlheinz Stockhausen, German composer and academic (d. 2007)
* 1929 – Valery Alekseyev, Russian anthropologist and author (d. 1991)
* 1929 – Ulrich Wegener, German police officer and general (d. 2017)
* 1930 – Gylmar dos Santos Neves, Brazilian footballer (d. 2013)
* 1932 – Gerald P. Carr, American engineer, colonel, and astronaut (d. 2020)
* 1933 – Sylva Koscina, Italian actress (d. 1994)
* 1934 – Norman Schwarzkopf, Jr., American general and engineer (d. 2012)
* 1935 – Annie Proulx, American novelist, short story writer, and journalist
* 1936 – Chuck Brown, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2012)
* 1936 – John Callaway, American journalist and producer (d. 2009)
* 1936 – Dale Hawkins, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2010)
* 1936 – Werner Stengel, German roller coaster designer and engineer, designed the Maverick roller coaster
* 1938 – Jean Berkey, American businesswoman and politician (d. 2013)
* 1939 – Valerie Harper, American actress (d. 2019)
* 1939 – Fred Milano, American doo-wop singer (d. 2012)
* 1939 – Carl Yastrzemski, American baseball player
* 1940 – Bill McCartney, American football player and coach, founded Promise Keepers
* 1941 – Bill Parcells, American football player and coach
* 1942 – Uğur Mumcu, Turkish journalist and author (d. 1993)
* 1943 – Alun Michael, Welsh police commissioner and politician, inaugural First Minister of Wales
* 1943 – Masatoshi Shima, Japanese computer scientist and engineer, co-designed the Intel 4004
* 1944 – Roger Cashmore, English physicist and academic
* 1945 – David Chase, American director, producer, and screenwriter
* 1945 – Ron Dante, American singer-songwriter and producer
* 1947 – Donna Jean Godchaux, American singer-songwriter
* 1947 – Cindy Williams, American actress and producer
* 1948 – David Marks, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1949 – Doug Bair, American baseball player and coach
* 1949 – Diana Nyad, American swimmer and author
* 1950 – Ray Burris, American baseball player and coach
* 1950 – Scooter Libby, American lawyer and politician, Chief of Staff to the Vice President of the United States
* 1952 – Peter Laughner, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1977)
* 1953 – Paul Ellering, American weightlifter, wrestler, and manager
* 1955 – Chiranjeevi, Indian film actor, producer and politician
* 1956 – Paul Molitor, American baseball player and coach
* 1956 – Peter Taylor, Australian cricketer
* 1957 – Steve Davis, English snooker player, sportscaster, and author
* 1957 – Holly Dunn, American country music singer-songwriter (d. 2016)
* 1958 – Colm Feore, American-Canadian actor
* 1958 – Stevie Ray, American semi-retired wrestler
* 1958 – Vernon Reid, English-born American guitarist and songwriter
* 1959 – Juan Croucier, Cuban-American singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer
* 1959 – Pia Gjellerup, Danish lawyer and politician, Danish Minister of Finance
* 1959 – Mark Williams, English actor
* 1960 – Holger Gehrke, German footballer and manager
* 1960 – Collin Raye, American country music singer
* 1961 – Andrés Calamaro, Argentine singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
* 1961 – Iain Coucher, English businessman
* 1961 – Roland Orzabal, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
* 1961 – Debbi Peterson, American singer-songwriter and drummer
* 1962 – Stefano Tilli, Italian sprinter
* 1963 – Tori Amos, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer
* 1963 – James DeBarge, American R&B/soul singer
* 1963 – Terry Catledge, American basketball player
* 1964 – Trey Gowdy, American lawyer and U.S. Representative
* 1964 – Mats Wilander, Swedish-American tennis player and coach
* 1965 – Wendy Botha, South African-Australian surfer
* 1965 – David Reimer, Canadian victim of a botched circumcision and transgender reassignment surgery (d. 2004)
* 1966 – GZA, American rapper and producer
* 1966 – Rob Witschge, Dutch footballer and manager
* 1967 – Ty Burrell, American actor and comedian
* 1967 – Paul Colman, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1967 – Alfred Gough, American screenwriter and producer
* 1967 – Layne Staley, American singer-songwriter (d. 2002)
* 1968 – Casper Christensen, Danish comedian, actor, and screenwriter
* 1968 – Rich Lowry, American writer and magazine editor (*National Review*)
* 1968 – Aleksandr Mostovoi, Russian footballer
* 1968 – Elisabeth Murdoch, Australian businesswoman
* 1968 – Horst Skoff, Austrian tennis player (d. 2008)
* 1970 – Charlie Connelly, English author and broadcaster
* 1970 – Giada De Laurentiis, Italian-American chef and author
* 1970 – Tímea Nagy, Hungarian fencer
* 1971 – Craig Finn, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1972 – Okkert Brits, South African pole vaulter
* 1972 – Paul Doucette, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and drummer
* 1972 – Steve Kline, American baseball player and coach
* 1972 – Max Wilson, German-Brazilian race car driver
* 1973 – Roslina Bakar, Malaysian sport shooter
* 1973 – Howie Dorough, American singer-songwriter and dancer
* 1973 – Kristen Wiig, American actress, comedian, and screenwriter
* 1973 – Eurelijus Žukauskas, Lithuanian basketball player
* 1974 – Cory Gardner, American politician
* 1974 – Agustín Pichot, Argentinian rugby player
* 1975 – Clint Bolton, Australian footballer
* 1975 – Rodrigo Santoro, Brazilian actor
* 1976 – Marius Bezykornovas, Lithuanian footballer
* 1976 – Bryn Davies, American bassist, cellist, and pianist
* 1976 – Laurent Hernu, French decathlete
* 1976 – Randy Wolf, American baseball player
* 1977 – Heiðar Helguson, Icelandic footballer
* 1977 – Keren Cytter, Israeli visual artist and writer
* 1978 – James Corden, English actor, comedian, writer, and television presenter
* 1978 – Ioannis Gagaloudis, Greek basketball player
* 1979 – Matt Walters, American football player
* 1980 – Roland Benschneider, German footballer
* 1980 – Nicolas Macrozonaris, Canadian sprinter
* 1980 – Seiko Yamamoto, Japanese wrestler
* 1981 – Alex Holmes, American football player
* 1981 – Jang Hyun-kyu, South Korean footballer (d. 2012)
* 1981 – Christina Obergföll, German athlete
* 1983 – Theo Bos, Dutch cyclist
* 1983 – Jahri Evans, American football player
* 1984 – Lee Camp, English footballer
* 1984 – Lawrence Quaye, Ghanaian-Qatari footballer
* 1985 – Luke Russert, American journalist
* 1985 – Jey Uso, Samoan-American wrestler
* 1985 – Jimmy Uso, Samoan-American wrestler
* 1986 – Stephen Ireland, Irish footballer
* 1986 – Neville, English wrestler
* 1986 – Tokushōryū Makoto, Japanese sumo wrestler
* 1987 – Leonardo Moracci, Italian footballer
* 1987 – Apollo Crews, American wrestler
* 1989 – Giacomo Bonaventura, Italian footballer
* 1990 – Randall Cobb, American football player
* 1990 – Drew Hutchison, American baseball player
* 1990 – Robbie Rochow, Australian rugby league player
* 1991 – Federico Macheda, Italian footballer
* 1991 – Brayden Schenn, Canadian ice hockey player
* 1992 – Ema Burgić Bucko, Bosnian tennis player
* 1994 – Olli Määttä, Finnish ice hockey player
* 1995 – Dua Lipa, English singer-songwriter
* 1996 – Jessica-Jane Applegate, British Paralympic swimmer

## Deaths

* 408 – Stilicho, Roman general (b. 359)
* 1155 – Emperor Konoe of Japan (b. 1139)
* 1241 – Pope Gregory IX, (b. 1143)
* 1280 – Pope Nicholas III (b. 1225)
* 1304 – John II, Count of Holland (b. 1247)
* 1338 – William II, Duke of Athens (b. 1312)
* 1350 – Philip VI of France (b. 1293)
* 1358 – Isabella of France (b. 1295)
* 1425 – Eleanor, Princess of Asturias (b. 1423)
* 1456 – Vladislav II of Wallachia
* 1485 – Richard III of England (b. 1452)
* 1485 – James Harrington, Yorkist knight
* 1485 – John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk (b. 1430)
* 1485 – Richard Ratcliffe, supporter of Richard III
* 1485 – William Brandon, supporter of Henry VII (b. 1426)
* 1532 – William Warham, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1450)
* 1545 – Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk, English politician and husband of Mary Tudor (b. c. 1484)
* 1553 – John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland, English admiral and politician, Lord President of the Council (b. 1504)
* 1572 – Thomas Percy, 7th Earl of Northumberland, English leader of the Rising of the North (b. 1528)
* 1584 – Jan Kochanowski, Polish poet and playwright (b. 1530)
* 1599 – Luca Marenzio, Italian singer-songwriter (b. 1553)
* 1607 – Bartholomew Gosnold, English lawyer and explorer, founded the London Company (b. 1572)
* 1652 – Jacob De la Gardie, Estonian-Swedish soldier and politician, Lord High Constable of Sweden (b. 1583)
* 1664 – Maria Cunitz, Polish astronomer and author (b. 1610)
* 1680 – John George II, Elector of Saxony (b. 1613)
* 1681 – Philippe Delano, Dutch Plymouth Colony settler (b. 1602)
* 1701 – John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath, English soldier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1628)
* 1711 – Louis François, duc de Boufflers, French general (b. 1644)
* 1752 – William Whiston, English mathematician, historian, and theologian (b. 1667)
* 1773 – George Lyttelton, 1st Baron Lyttelton, English poet and politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1709)
* 1793 – Louis de Noailles, French general (b. 1713)
* 1797 – Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser, French-Austrian field marshal (b. 1724)
* 1806 – Jean-Honoré Fragonard, French painter and illustrator (b. 1732)
* 1818 – Warren Hastings, English lawyer and politician, 1st Governor-General of Bengal (b. 1732)
* 1828 – Franz Joseph Gall, Austrian neuroanatomist and physiologist (b. 1758)
* 1850 – Nikolaus Lenau, Romanian-Austrian poet and author (b. 1802)
* 1861 – Xianfeng, Emperor of China (b. 1831)
* 1888 – Ágoston Trefort, Hungarian jurist and politician, Hungarian Minister of Education (b. 1817)
* 1891 – Jan Neruda, Czech journalist, author, and poet (b. 1834)
* 1903 – Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, English academic and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1830)
* 1904 – Kate Chopin, American novelist and poet (b. 1850)
* 1909 – Henry Radcliffe Crocker, English dermatologist and author (b. 1846)
* 1914 – Giacomo Radini-Tedeschi, Italian bishop and academic (b. 1859)
* 1918 – Korbinian Brodmann, German neurologist and academic (b. 1868)
* 1920 – Anders Zorn, Swedish artist (b. 1860)
* 1922 – Michael Collins, Irish rebel, counter-intelligence and military tactician, and politician; 2nd Irish Minister of Finance (b. 1890)
* 1926 – Charles William Eliot, American academic (b. 1834)
* 1933 – Alexandros Kontoulis, Greek general and diplomat (b. 1858)
* 1940 – Oliver Lodge, English physicist and academic (b. 1851)
* 1940 – Gerald Strickland, 1st Baron Strickland, Maltese lawyer and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Malta (b. 1861)
* 1942 – Michel Fokine, Russian dancer and choreographer (b. 1880)
* 1946 – Döme Sztójay, Hungarian general and politician, 35th Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1883)
* 1950 – Kirk Bryan, American geologist and academic (b. 1888)
* 1951 – Jack Bickell, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1884)
* 1953 – Jim Tabor, American baseball player (b. 1916)
* 1958 – Roger Martin du Gard, French novelist and paleographer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881)
* 1960 – Johannes Sikkar, Estonian soldier and politician, Prime Minister of Estonia in exile (b. 1897)
* 1963 – William Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield, English businessman and philanthropist, founded Morris Motors (b. 1877)
* 1967 – Gregory Goodwin Pincus, American biologist and academic, co-created the birth-control pill (b. 1903)
* 1970 – Vladimir Propp, Russian philologist and scholar (b. 1895)
* 1974 – Jacob Bronowski, Polish-English mathematician, biologist, and author (b. 1908)
* 1976 – Gina Bachauer, Greek pianist and composer (b. 1913)
* 1976 – Juscelino Kubitschek, Brazilian physician and politician, 21st President of Brazil (b. 1902)
* 1977 – Sebastian Cabot, English actor (b. 1918)
* 1977 – Chunseong, Korean monk, philosopher and writer (b. 1891)
* 1978 – Jomo Kenyatta, Kenyan journalist and politician, 1st President of Kenya (b. 1894)
* 1979 – James T. Farrell, American novelist, short-story writer, and poet (b. 1904)
* 1980 – James Smith McDonnell, American pilot, engineer, and businessman, founded McDonnell Aircraft (b. 1899)
* 1981 – Vicente Manansala, Filipino painter (b. 1910)
* 1985 – Charles Gibson (historian), Historian of Mexico and its Indians, President of the American Historical Association (b. 1920)
* 1986 – Celâl Bayar, Turkish lawyer and politician, 3rd President of Turkey (b. 1883)
* 1987 – Joseph P. Lash, American author and journalist (b. 1909)
* 1989 – Robert Grondelaers, Belgian cyclist (b. 1933)
* 1989 – Huey P. Newton, American activist, co-founded the Black Panther Party (b. 1942)
* 1991 – Colleen Dewhurst, Canadian-American actress (b. 1924)
* 1991 – Boris Pugo, Russian soldier and politician, Soviet Minister of Interior (b. 1937)
* 1994 – Gilles Groulx, Canadian director and screenwriter (b. 1931)
* 1994 – Allan Houser, American sculptor and painter (b. 1914)
* 1995 – Johnny Carey, Irish footballer and manager (b. 1919)
* 1996 – Erwin Komenda, Austrian car designer and engineer (b. 1904)
* 2000 – Abulfaz Elchibey, 2nd President of Azerbaijan (b. 1938)
* 2003 – Arnold Gerschwiler, Swiss figure skater and coach (b. 1914)
* 2004 – Konstantin Aseev, Russian chess player and trainer (b. 1960)
* 2004 – Angus Bethune, Australian soldier and politician, 33rd Premier of Tasmania (b. 1908)
* 2004 – Daniel Petrie, Canadian director and producer (b. 1920)
* 2005 – Luc Ferrari, French-Italian director and composer (b. 1929)
* 2005 – Ernest Kirkendall, American chemist and metallurgist (b. 1914)
* 2007 – Grace Paley, American short story writer and poet (b. 1922)
* 2008 – Gladys Powers, English-Canadian soldier (b. 1899)
* 2009 - Muriel Duckworth, Canadian pacifist, feminist, and activist (b. 1908)
* 2009 – Elmer Kelton, American journalist and author (b. 1926)
* 2010 – Stjepan Bobek, Croatian footballer and manager (b. 1923)
* 2011 – Nick Ashford, American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1942)
* 2011 – Jack Layton, Canadian academic and politician (b. 1950)
* 2011 – Casey Ribicoff, American philanthropist (b. 1922)
* 2012 – Nina Bawden, English author (b. 1925)
* 2012 – Paul Shan Kuo-hsi, Chinese cardinal (b. 1923)
* 2012 – Jeffrey Stone, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1926)
* 2013 – Paul Poberezny, American pilot and businessman, founded the Experimental Aircraft Association (b. 1921)
* 2013 – Andrea Servi, Italian footballer (b. 1984)
* 2014 – U. R. Ananthamurthy, Indian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1932)
* 2014 – Emmanuel Kriaras, Greek lexicographer and philologist (b. 1906)
* 2014 – Pete Ladygo, American football player and coach (b. 1928)
* 2014 – Noella Leduc, American baseball player (b. 1933)
* 2014 – John Sperling, American businessman, founded the University of Phoenix (b. 1921)
* 2014 – John S. Waugh, American chemist and academic (b. 1929)
* 2015 – Arthur Morris, Australian cricketer and journalist (b. 1922)
* 2015 – Ieng Thirith, Cambodian academic and politician (b. 1932)
* 2015 – Eric Thompson, English race car driver and book dealer (b. 1919)
* 2016 – S. R. Nathan, 6th President of Singapore (b. 1924)
* 2016 – Toots Thielemans, Belgian and American jazz musician (b. 1922)
* 2017 – Michael J. C. Gordon, British Computer scientist (b. 1948)
* 2018 – Ed King, American musician (b. 1949)
* 2018 – Krishna Reddy Indian printmaker, sculptor and teacher (b. 1925)

## Holidays and observances

* Christian feast day:
	+ Fabrizio
	+ Guinefort
	+ Immaculate Heart of Mary (Roman Catholic calendar of 1960)
	+ Queenship of Mary
	+ Symphorian and Timotheus
	+ August 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
* Earliest day on which National Heroes' Day (Philippines) can fall, while August 28 is the latest; celebrated on the fourth Monday in August.
* Flag Day (Russia)
* Madras Day (Chennai and Tamil Nadu, India)
* End of Filseta feast in Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church

## References

1. ↑ "The Battle of the Standard (The Battle of Northallerton)". *Historic UK*. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
2. ↑ Pictet, Jean S. (1951), "The New Geneva Conventions for the Protection of War Victims", *The American Journal of International Law*, **45** (3): 462–475, doi:10.2307/2194544, JSTOR 2194544
3. ↑ Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-222 B-2603 Miao-Li". *aviation-safety.net*. Retrieved 16 August 2019.
4. ↑ Gottfried Opitz. *Neue Deutsche Biographie* (in German). p. 568.
5. ↑ John McClintock (1981). *Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature*. Baker Book House. ISBN 978-0-8010-6123-3.
6. ↑ Template:Australian Dictionary of Biography
7. ↑ Willerson, JT (6 January 2017). "Denton Arthur Cooley, MD". *Circulation Research*. **120** (1): 17–19. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.310451. PMID 28057783.
8. ↑ Whitmore, Greg (6 April 2020). "Honor Blackman – a life in pictures". *The Guardian*. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
9. ↑ "David Reimer and John Money Gender Reassignment Controversy: The John/Joan Case - The Embryo Project Encyclopedia". *embryo.asu.edu*.
10. ↑ "Tímea Nagy". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
11. ↑ "Results". *2002.thecgf.com*. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
12. ↑ "APPLEGATE Jessica-Jane". *Paralympic.org*.
13. ↑ "Nicholas III | pope". *Encyclopedia Britannica*. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
14. ↑ "Richard III | Biography & Facts". *Encyclopedia Britannica*. Retrieved 26 June 2020.
15. ↑ Barker, George Fisher Russell (1893). "Lyttelton, George (1709-1773)". In Lee, Sidney (ed.). *Dictionary of National Biography*. **34**. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
16. ↑ "Franz Joseph Gall | German anatomist and physiologist". *Encyclopedia Britannica*. Retrieved 24 January 2020.
17. ↑ "Peace activist Muriel Duckworth dies at 100". *CBC News*. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
18. ↑ "Notable Deaths in 2018". *Reuters News/Pictures*. 23 August 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
19. ↑ "Notable Deaths 2018". *The New York Times Obituaries*. Retrieved 12 September 2018.

## External links

* "On This Day". BBC.
* *The New York Times*: On This Day
* "Historical Events on August 22". OnThisDay.com.
* "Today in Canadian History". Canada Channel.