recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Elginia mirabilis

Elginia was a pareiasaur; a member of a
group of Late Permian parareptiles which may have grown up to 3 metres.
It was named for the area around Elgin in Scotland, which has yielded
many fossils referred to as the Elgin Reptiles.

Elginia was a dwarf genus of pareiasaur,
only about 60 centimetres long, with fossils found at Elgin in Scotland
and China. The type species, E. mirabilis, is known only from a single
skull, which is about 15 cm long, triangular, coarsely sculptured, and
armed with a number of paired bosses or spines, with the longest pair
growing out of the back of the skull. These spikes were probably used
for display rather than physical combat. The upper jaw bears 12 pairs of
 teeth, each with 9 or 10 cusps.

As with many pareiasaurs, precise phylogenetic placement is uncertain.
Elginia shares with Scutosaurus elaborate cranial ornament, which has
been used to suggest the two were closely related. Elginia has also been
 hypothesized to share a relationship with the more basal taxon
Dolichopareia on the basis of a deeply notched skull table shared with
the latter, however other authors have argued that this association was
based on taphonomic distortion.
Directeur des Opérations

Le **Directeur des Opérations** est le poste le plus haut du Centre de Contrôle des Goules, après le poste de Président du CCG. Depuis 2008, il est occupé par Jenny Shepard, la première femme à avoir pris ces fonctions.

## Missions du Directeur des Opérations

Les missions du Directeur des Opérations sont diverses :

* Gestion du tutorat des Recrues du Centre de Contrôle des Goules
* Promotion de la parité Homme/Femme au sein de l'organisation
* Gestion et déblocage du budget du Centre de Contrôle des Goules
* Responsable de l'enseignement et de la formation à l'Académie

## Historique des Directeurs des OP

Akemi Yamamoto (1989 - 2005)Luciano Ciattocchini (2005 - 2008)Jenny Shepard (2008 - 2019)
Ottoia prolifica

Ottoia
 is a stem-group archaeopriapulid worm known from Cambrian fossils.
Although priapulid-like worms from various Cambrian deposits are often
referred to Ottoia on spurious grounds, the only clear Ottoia
macrofossils come from the Burgess Shale of British Columbia, which was
deposited 508 million years ago. Microfossils extend the record of
Ottoia throughout the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin, from the mid- to
 late- Cambrian.

Ottoia specimens are on average 8 centimeters in length. Both length and
 width show variation with contraction; shorter specimens often being
wider than longer ones. The characteristic proboscis of priapulids is
present at the anterior, attached to the trunk of the animal, proceeded
by the "bursa" at the posterior. The organism's body is bilaterally
symmetrical, however, its anterior displays external radial symmetry.

Ottoia was a burrower that hunted prey with its eversible proboscis. It
also appears to have scavenged on dead organisms such as the arthropod
Sidneyia. The spines on the proboscis of Ottoia have been interpreted as
 teeth used to capture prey. Its mode of life is uncertain, but it is
thought to have been an active burrower, moving through the sediment
after prey, and is believed to have lived within a U-shaped burrow that
it constructed in the substrate

Because of its bottom-living habit and the
location of the Burgess Shale site at the foot of a high limestone reef,
 one may presume the relative immobility of Ottoia placed it in danger
of being carried away and/or buried by any underwater mud avalanche from
 the cliff top. This may explain why it remains one of the more abundant
 specimens of the Burgess Shale fauna.

Because of its bottom-living habit and the
location of the Burgess Shale site at the foot of a high limestone reef,
 one may presume the relative immobility of Ottoia placed it in danger
of being carried away and/or buried by any underwater mud avalanche from
 the cliff top. This may explain why it remains one of the more abundant
 specimens of the Burgess Shale fauna.

At least 1000 Burgess Shale specimens are
known in the UNSM collections alone, in addition to the ROM collections
and hundreds of specimens elsewhere. 677 specimens of Ottoia are known
from the Greater Phyllopod bed, where they comprise 1.29% of the
community. Ottoia has also been reported from Middle Cambrian deposits
in Utah and Spain, Nevada, and various other localities. Nevertheless,
these reports are insecure, and the only verifiable Ottoia macrofossils
herald from the Burgess Shale itself.
Paul's MHA Wiki

## Welcome to the Wiki

Welcome to the wiki! If you want to contribute feel free to, but don't grief as this is actually something I put lots of work into.

## Description

This is a wikia for Paul's MHA, which is a roleplay and alternate version of the popular My Hero Academia anime.

Paul is the original creator of the group, yet is not solely responsible for every creation in it. The story and characters are created through a collaborative effort known as roleplay, where individual people play the roles of certain characters and interact with each other.

The characters, stories and other forms of information accessible within this wiki have been created within the group "My Hero Academia: Hero Course! RP", and "My Hero Academia: The Next Gen! RP" . These are private roleplay groups consisted of several members. Every member of the group has produced at least one character.

The group takes only the basic premise of the heroes, schools and society but does not include any canonical characters or stories from the anime or manga, and should be considered a story of its own and therefore fanon/not canon.
Old-Gen Students

"Old-Gen Students" refers to every notable student from "My Hero Academia: Hero Course! RP". The lists will provide link to every character.

### U.A Students

These are the students of the Japanese prestige hero-academy: U.A. The story is mainly focused on these characters. They are the first characters created and may also be considered the main-protagonists of the original story.

* Johnny Weapon
* Kasai Williams
* Luca Rogue (Deceased)
* Michael 'Mick' Lance
* Naomi Yanase (Formerly)
* Rorland 'Rory' Palmer
* Shindo Oto
* Shinji Denki (Deceased)
* Tachibana Mikoto (Deceased)
* Urahara Shinoko
* Victor Jackson (Formerly)
* Yoshitake Utagawa
* Zara Benson
* Zen Lupin (Deceased)

### K.A Students

These are the students of the American hero-academy: K.A. They were introduced in Part 2, and are secondary
characters to the U.A students for the most part.

* Akira Kishimoto
* Beckett Bryte
* Colban Walker
* Darius Jahin
* Diego Diaz
* Ethan Jones
* Martina Kosh
* Mitchell Sax
* Robin Wells
* Sasha Keys
* Vincent Valentine
* Noah Blake (formerly)

### S.A Students

These are the known students that go to the South African hero-academy: S.A. They were introduced in Part 2, and are secondary characters to the U.A students for the most part.

* Ezra Dune
* Gael Keegan
* Tier Nichego (Previously in U.A)
* Katie Stroke
* Yui Tachibana
* Slade Vibe
* Caspar Wilson
Isotelus rex

Isotelus is a genus of asaphid trilobites from the middle and upper Ordovician period, fairly common in the Northeastern United States, northwest Manitoba, southwestern Quebec and southeastern Ontario. One species, Isotelus rex, is currently the world's largest trilobite ever found as a complete fossil.

A specimen of Isotelus rex, from Churchill, Manitoba,
 is the largest complete trilobite ever found. Discovered by Dave Rudkin
 (Royal Ontario Museum), Robert Elias (University of Manitoba), Graham
Young (Manitoba Museum) and Edward Dobrzanske (Manitoba Museum) in 1999,
 it measures 720 millimetres (28 in) in length, 400 millimetres (16 in)
in maximum width (across the cephalon) and 70 millimetres (3 in) in maximum height (at the posterior midpoint of the cephalon).

A number of species have been described:
• I. aktchokensis Weber, 1948
• I. bradleyi Amati, 2014
• I. copenhagenensis Ross, Jr. & Shaw 1972
• I. frognoensis Owen, 1981
• I. gigas Dekay, 1824
• I. harrisi Raymond, 1905 (synonym I. platymarginatus Raymond, 1910)
• I. iowensis Owen, 1852
• I. kimmswickensis Bradley, 1930
• I. maximus Locke, 1838
• I. megistos Locke, 1842

• Very similar to Homotelus
• "Double" posterior
• Head and tail shields are semi-circular and very similar in shape (isopygus)
• Thorax has 8 segments and a slightly raised middle lobe between the outer pleurae
Ianthasaurus hardestii

Ianthasaurus is an extinct genus of small edaphosaurids from the Late Carboniferous.

It is one of the smallest pelycosaurs known, with an 8 cm skull and a
total body length of 75 cm. Ianthasaurus lacks many of the spectacular
specializations seen in Edaphosaurus. For example, the marginal dentition of Ianthasaurus is similar to that of insectivorous reptiles, with slender conical teeth which are slightly recurved at the tips, and there is a slight development of a caniniform region. The palatal and mandibular dentition is unspecialized, and there are no batteries of teeth for crushing of plant materials. Also unlike Edaphosaurus, Ianthasaurus was lightly built and was probably quite agile. The skull was similar to that of Haptodus, a sphenacodontid, though they were distantly related.

It was named by Robert R. Reisz and David Berman in 1986. It was discovered by them in the Upper Pennsylvanian Rock Lake Shale near Garnett, Kansas.
Dinogorgon rubidgei

Dinogorgon ruled as the reptile-king 280 million years ago. This lizard was the bulkiest beast to ever set claw on land until dinosaurs showed up. Dinogorgon dominated other land animals and feasted on whatever it liked; an open area with grazing animals looked like a buffet line to this predator. Like saber-toothed cats that came later, Dinogorgon had extra-long teeth in its upper jaw, and stabbed them into prey repeatedly to make its kills.

> **The Chase is On:** Dinogorgon stood on long legs, suggesting that the creature could run well. Experts think it leaped onto the backs of victims and stabbed them with its long teeth.
>
>

> **Saber-Toothed Lizard:** Most of Dinogorgon's teeth were long and sharp, but it had a thick upper pair that measured up to six inches in length. These teeth were the same size as T-rex's, and were the fiercest weapons on Earth 250 million years ago.
>
>

Creature Features
 **Sound off:** | die-no-GORE-gun

## King Gorgon the First

Dinogorgon was one of the largest predators to rule on land. Like lions in Africa and meat-eating dinosaurs, scientists consider this reptile the "top prdator" of its day; it was the first time such a dominant animal had stalked the land. With a body that measured 10 feet long and an aggressive attitude, this beast could take down other predators and even crack the armor of a large herbivore known as Scutosaurus. Dinogorgon used stabbing teeth to break through to the plant-eaters' meaty insides.

> **Teamwork:** Some think that Dinogorgon might have hunted in small packs at times. Working together, three or four of these brutes could easily have taken down a Dicynodon, a hippo-sized herbivore, and shared the meat.
>
>

> **Death by Eruption:** The worst natural disaster int he Earth's history happened about 245 million years ago. Scientists think the ground split open over thousands of miles, and burst with lava sprays for thousands of years, killing 95 percent of the living creatures on land.
>
>

The first predators to have the saber-teeth.

**Trading Card**
 **Defense:** | 5
Coelurosauravus largus

Coelurosauravus had the Wright brothers beat by about 250 million years. This small reptile was the first advanced creature known to be able soar through the skies . It did this by extending ridged wings while jumping from a tree, and could glide for great distances. This ancient reptile lived almost entirely in trees, and chewed up any insects it found crawling on the bark.

Creature Features
 **Sound off:** | SEEL-er-oh-sore-AV-us

> **Head Plate:** This ancient reptile had a bony frill on top of its head, like a miniature Triceratops without horns. The frill was spiked around the edges, and offered protection against an enemy's teeth.
>
>

> **Mmm, Crunchy:** Coelurosaurvus had beak-like jaws that were lined with small but pointy teeth. The creature hunted insects among prehistoic trees and easily crunched through their armor with these weapons.
>
>

Creature Features
 **Sound off:** | SEEL-er-oh-sore-AV-us

## First in Flight

The fossils show it all: Coelurosauravus was the first animal more advanced than an insect that could take to the air. Bony rods conncted by thin layers of skin (like a fish's fin) grew from the reptile's sides. These "wings" were retractable; the reptile jumped from tree branches and unfolded them to catch the breeze and soar from hundreds of feet to a new tree. unlike the similar "wings" of the modern flying lizard, Coelurosauravus' weren't connected to its ribs, and worked separately frm any other muscles in its body.

**Did You Know?**

> **Flight Control:** This creature's long tail made up half of its total body length. While in flight, Coelurosauravus used it to control its glides, steering itself through the air by moving the tail to the right or the left.
>
>

> **Pre-Dino:** Coelurosauravus lived 250 million years ago, about 20 million years before the first dinosaurs showed up. The creature was wiped out in the disaster that killed 90% of all life on Earth.
>
>

### Next Stop...

1. Early in the morning, several Coelurosauravuses cling onto the trunk of a tree, at least a hundred feet above the ground. They spread their wings to help absorb heat so they can get their hunting started for the day.
2. As they charge up with energy from the sun's heat, the reptiles leap and glide on the air. Some take a short flight to nearby trees, but others soar on the wind and land on trees much farther away, on which more tasty insects are crawling.

**Trading Card**
 **Life:** | 100
Ophiacodon major

Ophiacodon (meaning "snake tooth") is an extinct genus of synapsids belonging to the family Ophiacodontidae that lived from the Late Carboniferous to the Early Permian in North America and Europe. The genus was named along with its type species O. mirus by paleontologist Othniel Charles Marsh in 1878 and currently includes five other species. As an ophiacodontid, Ophiacodon is one of the most basal synapsids and is close to the evolutionary line leading to mammals.

Ophiacodon has a large skull with a deep snout. It has the longest skull
 of any early synapsid, reaching up to 50 centimetres (20 in) in one
specimen. The jaws are lined with many small teeth. It was larger than
most other tetrapods
 (four-limbed vertebrates) of its time, ranging from 1.6 to 3 metres
(5.2 to 9.8 ft) in length and 26 to 230 kilograms (57 to 507 lb) in
weight.

Specimens of Ophiacodon vary greatly in size. These
differences in size were once used to distinguish species, but are now
recognized as ontogenetic
 variations related to the ages of individuals. Smaller bones often have
 more poorly developed joint surfaces than larger bones, implying that
they come from juvenile individuals while the larger bones come from
adults. Analysis of the histology
 or microscopic anatomy of bones suggests that differences in size
represent different growth stages rather than different species.

Remains of Ophiacodon have been found in North America and Europe.
• England: Kenilworth - Cisuralian
• France: Lower Permian of Autun
Palaeobiology
Ophiacodon
 most likely lived on land, but paleontologists have sometimes thought
that it was semi-aquatic. An aquatic habitat for Ophiacodon was first
proposed by paleontologist E. C. Case
 in 1907, although he later dismissed the idea. Anatomical features
suggesting that it spent much of its time in the water include broad
claws that seemed to be adaptations for paddling, thin jaws and numerous
 small teeth that seemed to be adapted for eating fish, and weakly
developed bones, which are seen in many other secondarily aquatic
tetrapods. In 1940, paleontologists Alfred Romer and Llewellyn Ivor Priceproposed
 that hindlimbs with a greater length than forelimbs was another aquatic
 adaptation of Ophiacodon, supposedly because the hindlimbs would have
been used to propel it through water. Several of these features are no
longer thought to be evidence of an aquatic lifestyle; for example,
broad claws are seen in most early tetrapods, even those that are known
to have been almost exclusively terrestrial, and the long hindlimbs of
Ophiacodon would not have been an effective means of propulsion because
the feet were still relatively small and had little surface area over
which to form a paddle. Analysis of the vertebrae of Ophiacodon indicate
 that it was most likely terrestrial and spent little time in water. A
paleobiological inference model for the femur likewise suggests a
terrestrial lifestyle for Ophiacodon…
Precambrian worm

The **Precambrian Worms** were a species of giant, fog-dwelling, carnivorous worm from the Precambrian.

## Trivia

* The Precambrian Worms came from further back in time than any other creatures ever known to have come through the Anomalies.
* Due to their similar physical features, some fans have speculated that the real-life prehistoric worm *Ottoia* was the young of the Precambrian Worms in the Primeverse. But this is unlikely, as Ottoia was an aquatic lifeform, while the Worms appeared to be land-based creatures.
* The worms are near identical to the worms from King Kong movie (2005) which Primeval designer Daren Horley also worked on.
Michelle Gomez

***Michelle Gomez***, née ***Aiko Naruhito***, était une enseignante à l'Université Kamii de Tokyo, où elle enseignait la biologie des Goules ainsi que la mythologie liée au monde des Goules. Il lui arrivait aussi d'intervenir à l'Académie, où sont formées les nouvelles recrues du CCG, dans l'espoir de devenir Inspecteurs de Troisième classe. Elle disparut sans laisser de traces en 2018. Il s'avéra plus tard qu'il s'agissait de l'identité humaine de la Mère-Supérieure du Doute, qui essayait d'en apprendre plus sur l'espèce humaine.

## Naissance, enfance et adolescence

Aiko Naruhito naît dans les années 1960 au Japon d'un père noble, mais ce dernier ne la reconnaît pas comme sa fille. Elle grandit seule avec sa mère, dont elle reçoit une éducation très stricte, n'ayant pas le droit de connaître son prénom ou son nom de famille, ne pouvant que l'appeller "Mère". C'est à l'âge de 5 ans qu'elle découvre sa nature de Goule à l'œil écarlate. Elle fait ses études au Japon, jusqu'à l'âge de 18 ans, où elle décide de s'expatrier en Allemagne, un pays qui disposait d'un centre de recherche très dynamique sur la condition biologique et sociale des Goules, le premier aspect l'intéressant fortement.

## Début de l'exclusion et voyages

En 1991, elle termine sa thèse à l'Université de Freibourg (Allemagne), menée conjointement avec l'Institut de recherche en biologie Goule (*Forschungsinstitut für ghulische Wissenschaft*) de Berlin. Elle l'intitulera *La naissance du phénomène "Goule" - Comment devient-on une Goule?* et recevra plusieurs distinctions et invitations à des conférences pour cette publication.

Elle décide alors de voyager par delà le monde, et atterit en Pologne, où elle fonde un lycée privé intégrant les questions liées aux Goules au programme de différentes matières (notamment en biologie, littérature et sociologie). Elle y restera jusqu'en 1998.

## Publications

* GOMEZ, Michelle, *De l'importance de l'étude de la biologie Goule pour l'espèce humaine*, 2012.
* GOMEZ, Michelle, *Du Kagune à la Quinque: une étude diachronique*, 2005.
* GOMEZ, Michelle, *La naissance du phénomène "Goule" - Comment devient-on une Goule?*, 1991.
Lyrick Studios

**Lyrick Studios** was an American video production and distribution company based in Allen, a Dallas suburb. The company was known for producing and distributing TV-shows, audio products, and children’s books and toys, particularly for their flagship property Barney & Friends.

## Lyrick Studios

### Industry

Family entertainment, children’s programming
Mixopterus kiaeri

Mixopterus is a genus of eurypterid, an
extinct group of aquatic arthropods. Fossils of Mixopterus have been
discovered in deposits from Late Silurian age, and have been referred to
 several different species. Fossils have been recovered from two
continents; Europe and North America.

Mixopterus was a medium-sized predatory eurypterid. The largest species,
 M. simonsoni, reached lengths of 75 cm. It was characterised by a
robust exoskeleton with scattered tubercles or semicircular scales. The
prosoma was subquadrate, protruding antemedially. The chelicerae were
small. The two first pairs of legs of Mixopterus were highly specialized
 and not used for walking, instead being highly developed with long
paired spines.

Locomotion
Eurypterids
 with swimming legs were capable of both walking on the bottom of bodies
 of water or swimming through them. Unlike some highly derived
eurypterines, Mixopterus is not thought to have been a good swimmer and
it likely kept near the bottom. During swimming, the prosomal

Reproduction
Mixopterus
 preserves a long ventro-medially placed genital appendage. Mating in
Mixopterus would likely be similar to that in horseshoe crabs. There is a
 presumed clasping organ on appendage II shaped as a flat and round
lobee with a blade-shaped flat spine behind, overall similar.

Tracks attributed to Mixopterus have been discovered in fossil deposits
in Ringerike, Norway. The tracks, referred to the ichnogenus
Merostomichnites, were made by an arthropod in which only three pairs of
 legs took part in the gait, the last pair being swimming legs. Swimming
 legs that constitute the last limbs of the prosoma are present in
eurypterine eurypterids, out of which the only reasonably large taxa
present in the silurian deposits of Ringerike are Mixopterus kiaeri and
Pterygotus holmi.

Mixopterus contains three valid species,
with some others that historically have been assigned to it being
recovered as outside of the genus. The species currently seen as valid
species of the genus are
Diplocaulus salamandroides

With a head shaped like a stealth bomber and a body like a salamander, Diplocaulus was an unusual creature that roamed ancient waterways even before dinosaurs appeared. The triangular-shaped skull helped this creature race through the water at top speed. An amphibian, this ancestor of modern salamanders could also slog through muddy swamps with its short legs.

> **Bit of a Stretch:** Diplocaulus' most unusual feature is its boomerang-shaped head. Measuring up to 16 inches in width, this would have made the creature hard for many predators to swallow.
>
>

> **Mouth First:** In the front of this creature's head was a thin mouth. It was small, but lined with several rows of sharp teeth that made it easy for Diplocaulus to tear pieaces of flesh from its prey.
>
>

**Creature Features**
 **Sound off:** | DIP-low-CALL-us

## Made for Speed

Diplocaulus' triangular head was more than an obstacle to predators-it helped the creature hunt effectively. Diplocaulus could tilt its wide skull upward while swimming agains the current; this would lift the creature like an airplane and help it accelerate as it closed in on prey at the surface. Doing this at high speed may have sent Diplocaulus clear out of the water.

> **Eyes Up:** This amphibian probably spent most of its time at the bottom of a lake or river. Large eyes set close together at the top of Diplocaulus' skull kept watch for prey near the surface.
>
>

> **Slow Crawl:** Diplocaulus' short, stubby legs didn't work well on land, but were enough to help the creature crawl slowly through mud. Webbed feet made this early amphibian better suited for aquatic life.
>
>

**Timeline:**

**Trading Card**
 **Defense:** | 4
Haikouichthys ercaicunensis

Haikouichthys
 is an extinct genus of craniate believed to have lived 525 million
years ago, during the Cambrian explosion of multicellular life.
Haikouichthys had a defined skull and other characteristics that have
led paleontologists to label it a true craniate, and even to be
popularly characterized as one of the earliest fishes. Cladistic
analysis indicates that the animal is probably a basal chordate or a
basal craniate; but it does not possess sufficient features to be
included uncontroversially even in either stem group. It was formally
described in 1999.
Eusthenopteron foordi

Eusthenopteron is a genus of prehistoric sarcopterygian (often called lobe-finned fishes) which has attained an iconic status from its close relationships to tetrapods.
 The name derives from two Greek stems—eustheno- "strength" and -pteron
"wing" and thus "strongly developed fins". Early depictions of this
animal show it emerging onto land; however, paleontologists
 now widely agree that it was a strictly aquatic animal. The genus
Eusthenopteron is known from several species that lived during the Late Devonian period, about 385 million years ago. Eusthenopteron was first described by J. F. Whiteaves in 1881, as part of a large collection of fishes from Miguasha, Quebec.
 Some 2,000 Eusthenopteron specimens have been collected from Miguasha,
 one of which was the object of intensely detailed study and several
papers from the 1940s to the 1990s by paleoichthyologist Erik Jarvik.

Anatomically, Eusthenopteron shares many unique features in common with the earliest-known tetrapods. It shares a similar pattern of skull roofing bones with forms such as Ichthyostega and Acanthostega. Eusthenopteron, like other tetrapodomorph fishes, had internal nostrils, (or a choana) which are one of the defining traits of tetrapodomorphs (including tetrapods). It also had labyrinthodont teeth, characterized by infolded enamel,
 which characterizes all of the earliest known tetrapods as well. Like
other fish-like sarcopterygians, Eusthenopteron possessed a two-part cranium, which hinged at mid-length along an intracranial joint. Eusthenopteron's notoriety comes from the pattern of its fin endoskeleton,
 which bears a distinct humerus, ulna, and radius (in the fore-fin) and
femur, tibia, and fibula (in the pelvic fin). These appendicular long
bones had epiphyseal growth plates that allowed substantial longitudinal
 growth through endochondral ossification, as in tetrapod long bones.
These six appendicular bones also occur in tetrapods and are a
synapomorphy of a large clade of sarcopterygians, possibly
Tetrapodomorpha (the humerus and femur are present in all
sarcoptergyians). Similarly, its elasmoid scales
 lack superficial odontodes composed of dentine and enamel; this loss
appears to be a synapomorphy with more crownward tetrapodomorphs.
The earliest-known fossilised evidence of bone marrow has been found in Eusthenopteron, which may be the origin of bone marrow in tetrapods.
Eusthenopteron differs significantly from some later Carboniferous
 tetrapods in the apparent absence of a recognized larval stage and a
definitive metamorphosis. In even the smallest known specimen of
Eusthenopteron foordi (at 29 mm), the lepidotrichia cover all of the fins, which does not happen until after metamorphosis in genera like Polyodon.
Diictodon galeops

**Diictodon** were a therapsid herbivore, closely related to mammals, from the Permian period.

## Real life

Diictodon lived from approximately 260 to 254 million years ago in what is now Africa and Asia (particularly South Africa),
 and would have shared many features with modern-day mammals. Diictodon
made burrows in the earth of a depth of up to 5 feet (1.5 metres), and
generally nested near flood plains, and they were generally solitary
despite having burrows within close proximity to each other. Diictodon
are believed to have probably fed on desert shrubs and/or roots in their
 burrows. Diictodon had no known rival or predator species in its niche,
 so it is thought that they probably competed with other species for
food.
Santo Prehistoric Bugito

NatureRules1 TV spoof of Santo Bugito.

* Paco - *Meganeuropsis americana*
* Clem - *Sarcoprion edax*
* Burt - *Xenacanthus decheni*
* Lencho - *Rayonnoceras solidiforme*
* Eaton Woode - *Tiktaalik roseae*
* Rosa - *Eusthenopteran foordi*
* Amelia - *Gigantoscorpio willsi*
* Ralph - *Palaeocharinus rhyniensis*
* Johnny - *Petalodus ohioensis*
* Ant Grandkid - *Tyrannonops*
Carcinosoma newlini

Carcinosoma is a genus of eurypterid, an extinct group of aquatic
arthropods. Fossils of Carcinosoma are restricted to deposits of late
Silurian age. Classified as part of the family Carcinosomatidae, which
the genus lends its name to, Carcinosoma contains seven species from
North America and Great Britain. Carcinosomatid eurypterids had unusual
proportions and features compared to other eurypterids, with a broad
abdomen, thin and long tail and spined and forward-facing walking
appendages.

Carcinosoma was among the largest eurypterids, with isolated fossil
remains consisting of a 12.7 centimeters long metastoma of the species
C. punctatum indicating a full length of 2.2 meters. Fossil prosomal
appendages referred to the species could possibly increase this estimate
 to an overall length of around 2.5 meters. This massive size makes C.
punctatum the largest of all known carcinosomatoid eurypterids and it
rivals the largest pterygotid eurypterids, such as the 2.5-meter long
Jaekelopterus.

Carcinosoma was first described under the name Eurysoma by British
American geologist and paleobotanist Edward Waller Claypole in 1890, who
 named the type species of the new genus E. newlini in honor of a C. E.
Newlin who had collected the fossils. The Eurysoma specimens had been
discovered in deposits of Early Pridoli age in the Kokomo Formation of
Indiana alongside several other eurypterid specimens, all of which at
the time were referred to Eurypterus lacustris.

The walking legs of Carcinosoma were turned forward, which also directed
 the large spines on the appendages forward. In C. newlini, these flat
and forward-facing legs are thought to have been used to create a trap
to capture prey in. The strong structures seen in C. newlini are not
reflected in other carcinosomatids. For instance, the appendages of
Eusarcana were much more weakly developed and would not have served as
an effective weapon.

As the opisthosoma of Carcinosoma wasn't as streamlined as that of more
active eurypterids and on account of its unique telson morphology, it is
 believed that Carcinosoma was not a very active swimmer. It is unlikely
 to have been well adapted to a completely nektonic lifestyle and is
more likely to have been nektobenthic. The flat metasoma of Carcinosoma
was probably used as at least partially as aid when swimming, suggested
by the pretelson being slightly expanded in comparison to other eurypterid.
Rex

## Trivia

Rex's "voice" was based on the sounds of a Racoon with element of Frog added to give the chirping/barking noices.

As the series continues, Rex's wings become more bat-like, starting as rounded sails and then progressing into folding wings similar to a bat's. Some fans have suggested that they change as he gets older.
Acanthoclymenia forcipifer

Acanthoclymenia is genus of
ammonoid cephalopods belonging to the Acanthoclymeniidae family. Species
 belonging to this genus lived in middle and late Devonian. Its fossils
were found in Europe, Asia, north Africa, North America and Australia.
Species of this genus had discoidal shells with flattened venter.

## Species and distribution

* *Acanthoclymenia neapolitana* Clarke, 1898: ca 383.7 - 376.1 mya of USA (New York) and Australia.
* *Acanthoclymenia forcipifer* Sandberger & Sandberger, 1851: ca 378.7 - 376.9 mya of Algeria, Germany, Great Britain Kazakhstan and China (Guangxi and Guizhou).
* *Acanthoclymenia genundewa* Clarke, 1899: ca 383.3 - 382.7 mya of USA (New York) and Poland.
* *Acanthoclymenia planorbis* Sandberger & Sandberger, 1851: ca 377.5 - 376.9 mya of USA (New York).

There were more finds of this genus, but without valid description:

* *Acanthoclymenia aff. genundewa* Clarke, 1898: ca 378.7 - 376.9 mya of USA (West Virginia) and Russia (Southern Timan).
* *Acanthoclymenia aff. neapolitana* Clarke, 1898: ca 383.7 - 376.1 mya of Australia.
* *Acanthoclymenia n.sp. juv.* Becker et al. 2000: ca 378.7 - 377.5 mya of Russia (Southern Timan).
Arthropleura armata

**Arthropleura** was a giant relative of centipedes and millipedes that lived in Great Britain and North America during the Carboniferous
 period. It is the largest known land invertebrate of all time, and grew
 so large because of the high concentration of oxygen in Carboniferous Earth's atmosphere.

## Real life

Arthropleura (name meaning "*Jointed Ribs*") was an arthropod
 genus and ancestor of modern day centipedes and millipedes, and one of
the largest known land invertebrates of all time. It lived from 323 to
299 million years ago, during the upper Carboniferous period, in what is
 now Scotland and northeast North America.
 Arthropleura is thought to have been a herbivore, and it could move and
 swerve very quickly among its habitat's forest floor and around
obstacles.

Due to the Carboniferous atmosphere's higher oxygen concentration
 and Arthropleura's lack of predators, it was able to grow larger than
modern arthropods, being between 0.3 and 2.6 metres (1 and 8.5 feet)
long. Arthropleura died out at the end of the Carboniferous period due to destruction of the Carboniferous rainforests to desertification and arid climate.

## Trivia

* Arthropleura was the first venomous creature in *Primeval*.

## Errors

* Arthropleura was not believed to be venomous by any means, since it presumably had no enemies and ate dead plant matter.
Platyhystrix rugosus

Platyhystrix (meaning "flat porcupine") was a temnospondyl amphibian with a distinctive sail along its back, similar to the unrelated synapsids, Dimetrodon and Edaphosaurus. It lived during the boundary between the latest Carboniferous and earliest Permian periods in Texas, about 300 million years ago.

Platyhystrix may have been preyed upon by larger temnospondyls such as Eryops,
 or by larger carnivorous reptiles, which were becoming more common and
diverse in the drier climate of the Permian. The skull was large and
strongly built, with a frog-like face. Platyhystrix had a compact body,
reaching 1 metre (3.3 ft) long including the tail, and its short, sturdy
 legs indicate a mainly terrestrial life.

Platyhystrix appeared
 rather unusual: the dorsal vertebrae were extraordinarily lengthened,
and in life they probably formed a skin-covered sail. This structure was
 possibly for thermal regulation, as in other animals of similar
appearance, such as the pelycosaurs Dimetrodon and Edaphosaurus. The back of Platyhystrix was also covered with thick hard plates, similar to those of its near relative, Cacops.
Estemmenosuchus uralensis

**Estemmenosuchus** is a omnivorous Therapsid
 from middle Permian Russia. Roughly 2–3 m in length, it was a
herbivore. It had rounded, smoothly interlocking teeth with which it
cropped the Permian vegetation, and a series of strange bumps and
outcroppings on its head - the scientists believe that it used them in
fights for females and territory. Estemmenosuchus was either a
semi-aquatic animal like the modern hippopotamus, or fully terrestrial,
like a rhinoceros.
Dicynodon huenei

Dicynodon ("Two Dog-teeth") is a type of
dicynodont therapsid that flourished during the Late Permian period.
Like all dicynodonts, it was herbivorous. This animal was toothless,
except for prominent tusks, hence the name. It probably cropped
vegetation with a horny beak, much like a tortoise, while the tusks may
have been used for digging up roots and tubers.

*Dicynodon* was a medium-sized and advanced member of the
Dicynodont group. It had an average length of 1.2 metres (3.9 ft),
although size differed among species. Its fossil remains have been found
 in sediments of latest Permian age in South Africa and Tanzania.

The type species is *Dicynodon lacerticeps*
 Owen, 1845. A large number of species have since been placed in this
genus, some of which turned out to be synonyms of other species, others
have been moved to different genera.

Two species of *Dicynodon* are currently recognized: the type species *D. lacerticeps* from South Africa and the species *D. angielczyki* from Tanzania. Since the genus was first named, over 160 species have been assigned to *Dicynodon*. A 2011 study of the genus found 11 of these species to be valid, although most are now assigned to other dicynodont genera. Below is a list of all species that have ever been assigned to *Dicynodon*.
 Since their naming, most have been considered as synonymous with other
dicynodont species. Names in bold are still referable to *Dicynodon*.
Mattel Television

**Mattel Television** (formally **HiT Entertainment** from 1989-2016 & **Mattel Creations** 2016-2019) is a British-American entertainment company owned by Mattel and originally established in 1982 as **Henson International Television**. HiT is known for creating globally successful brands including including Thomas & Friends, Bob the Builder and several other British television series.

## Mattel Television

### Subsidiaries

Gullane Entertainment Lyrick Studios

Prism Art & Design Limited.

The Pygos Group

Hot Animation

HiT Toy Company

### Divisions

Gullane (Thomas) Limited.LyonsPartnership. L.P.
Dunkleosteus terrelli

Four hundred million years ago, long before the dinosaurs walked the
Earth, Dunkleosteus was at the top of the world's food chain. One of the
 first jawed animals on the planet, this prehistoric armored fish
attacked its prey with bone-crunching ferocity.

> **Muscle Man:**
>
>
>  This fish's body was bulky and extremely muscular. It needed the muscle
>  power to propel itself through the water when it attacked prey.
>
>
>
>

> **Bone Head:** Dunkleosteus' skull was made of several pieces of thick bone, giving it an armored plating that no other creature could break through.
>
>

>
> Did You Know?
> -------------
>
>
> Dunkleosteus swam alongside the coelacanth, a species of fish that has survived into modern times.
>
>

{| class="article-table"

**Creature Features**

## B.T. (Before Teeth)

Dunkleosteus didn't really have "teeth," but jagged extensions of its
 jawbone. A first step in the evolution of teeth, the bones continually
grew and stayed sharp as the fish used them to bite through prey. Thick
and fang-like in the front, they could easily chop a large victim in
half. In back the "teeth" were wide and a little smoother, like molars,
and used for grinding food.

> **Protective Eyewear:** To keep them safe, dunkleosteus' eyes were set inside four pieces of thick bone that formed a circular shield.
>
>

> **Widemouth:**
>
>
>  Each jawbone was connected to the skull by a set of hinges, allowing
> Dunkleosteus to swing open both the upper and lower jaws in a huge gape.
>
>
>
>

### It's a Snap

1. Seeing a primitive ray-like fish swimming nearby. Dunkleosteus turns its massive body around in pursuit of the meal.
2. Closing its sharp jawbones together, it not only rips a chunk out of the victim's body, but severs it in half for an instant kill.

Trading Card
powerful fish in the Devonian seas. Instead of teeth, this predator had
blades of solid bone that could slice and crush just about any creature
 **Defense:** | 6
Prionosuchus plummeri

Prionosuchus is an extinct genus of large temnospondyl. A single species, P. plummeri, is recognized from the early Permian period (some time between 299 and 272 million years ago). Its fossils have been found in what is now northeastern Brazil.

The fragmentary remains of this animal have been found in the Pedra do
Fogo Formation in the Parnaíba Basin of Northeastern Brazil, and it was
described by L.I. Price in 1948. The incomplete skull of the holotype
 specimen has been estimated to be 50 centimetres (20 in) long. Several
 more fragmentary specimens have been found. One very fragmentary but
very large specimen (BMNH R12005) appears to have come from an
individual nearly three times the size of most other specimens, and may
have had a skull that measured up to 1.6 metres (5.2 ft) long. Based on
 related species, the total body length of this specimen has been
estimated at about 9 metres (30 ft), making it the largest known species
 of temnospondyl. The average mass of an adult Prionosuchus is estimated
 at over 2,000 kilograms (4,400 lb).

With an elongated and
tapered snout, numerous sharp teeth, long body, short legs, and a tail
adapted for swimming, its general appearance was very similar to a
modern gharial or gar,
 and it probably had a similar lifestyle as an ambush aquatic predator
feeding on fish and other aquatic animals. A study on the closely
related Archegosaurus shows that it had a heat balance, gas exchange, osmoregulation, and digestion more similar to that of fish than modern aquatic amphibians; the same probably applied to Prionosuchus as well.

Prionosuchus has been classified as an archegosaurian by Carroll. The genus is monotypic with P. plummeri being the only species described. The archegosaurs were a group of temnospondyli that occupied the ecological niche of crocodiles and alligators during the Permian, and of which the European genus Archegosaurus
 is typical. The group became extinct at the end of the Permian and the
niche was subsequently filled by other, new temnospondyls, later joined
by reptiles such as the phytosaurs in the Triassic period.

Cox and Hutchinson re-evaluated Prionosuchus in 1991 and synonymized it with the genus Platyoposaurus
 from Russia. On the basis of this study, the Pedra do Fogo Formation
was reevaluated to be of Middle to Late Permian age. However, studies
based on plants and pollens indicate that this formation is actually
early Permian in age, making Prionosuchus not contemporary with
Platyoposaurus. More recent research in 2015 rejects the later Permian
 date.

Prionosuchus
 lived in a humid and tropical environment as indicated by the petrified
 forest of the Pedra do Fogo formation in which the fossil has been
found. The strata composed of siltstones, shales and limestones were deposited in lagoonal and fluvial environments. Other animals discovered in the same rocks include fish (primitive sharks, palaeoniscids, and lungfishes) and amphibians.
Hylonomus lyelli

Hylonomus is an extinct genus of reptile that lived 312 million years ago during the Late Carboniferous period. It is the earliest unquestionable reptile (Westlothiana is older, but in fact it may have been an amphibian, and Casineria is rather fragmentary). The only species is the type species Hylonomus lyelli.

Hylonomus was 20–25 centimetres (8–10 in) long (including the tail).
Most of them are 20 cm long and probably would have looked rather
similar to modern lizards. It had small sharp teeth and it likely ate small invertebrates such as millipedes or early insects.

Fossils of Hylonomus have been found in the remains of fossilized club moss stumps in the Joggins Formation, Joggins, Nova Scotia,
 Canada. It is supposed that, after harsh weather, the club mosses would
 crash down, with the stumps eventually rotting and hollowing out. Small
 animals such as Hylonomus, seeking shelter, would enter and become
trapped, starving to death. An alternative hypothesis is that the
animals made their nests in the hollow tree stumps.

Fossils of the basal pelycosaur Archaeothyris and the basal diapsid Petrolacosaurus are also found in the same region of Nova Scotia, although from a higher stratum, dated approximately 6 million years later.

Fossilized footprints found in New Brunswick have been attributed to Hylonomus, at an estimated age of 315 million years.

This animal was discovered by John William Dawson in the mid-19th century. The species' name was given it by Dawson's teacher, the geologist Sir Charles Lyell.
 While it has traditionally been included in the group Protothyrididae,
later studies have shown that it is probably more closely related to diapsids.
Yeah Wiki

## Welcome to the Wiki

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Cladoselache clarki

One of the first sharks to swim in the sea, Cladoselache looked quite different from the killer "jaws" sharks we know today. Its body was shaped like a cigar with a wide tail, and its teeth were far from the vicious killing tools of the modern great white shark. Still, Cladoselache was a good hunter. Fast and agile in the water, it could snag prey with its teeth and swallow the victim whole.

Creature Features
 **Sound off:** | CLAD-oh-sell-AKH-ee

> **Fast & Flexible:** Cladoselache's tail was shaped like a wide "V," and it body was long, thin and flexible. This was design wasn't as streamlined as modern sharks' bodies. but it was good enough to allow the ancient fish to chase prey at high speeds and make sharp turns in the water.
>
>

> **Nearly Naked:** This fish didn't have the tooth-like scales that armor a modern shark's body, but it did have some protection. Short spikes grew in front of its dorsal fins, which would have stabbed into the mouths of attackers.
>
>

## Jaws, Past and Present

Cladoselache's jaws looked and worked much differently from those of today's sharks. The ancient fish's hinged jaws weren't recessed under its snout, as they are with modern sharks. Plus, Cladoselache's teeth were shaped much differently. Each of the creature's chompers had three prongs, with the biggest in the middle. These teeth weren't sharp, so the shark couldn't bite chunks of flesh from its victims' bodies. Instead, Cladoselache used its teeth to grab onto its prey, then swallowed them whole.

> **No Sense:** This shark's brain and nasal cavities were small for the size of its body. Experts think this means that Cladoselache's sense of smell wasn't good, and it lacked the keen sense that today's sharks have. This beast probably hunted by sight only.
>
>

> **Run Away!** Beyond hunting, Cladoselache had a good reason to be a fast swimmer. It shared the Devonian oceans with 20-fot predator called Dunkleosteus. This beast had the deadliest jaws in the sea, but Cladoselache could have out swam it in most chases.
>
>

Timeline:

Trading Card
 **Defense:** | 3