recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Seizing the Day

**Seizing the Day** is the ninth episode of the third season of ***Spartacus***.

## Synopsis

Spartacus makes a stand against Gellius and Publicola's legions, and with his force has to face them on two sides. Only luck will help them win the day.

## Cast

* **Richard Armitage** as **Spartacus**
* **Hayley Atwell** as **Tresura**
* **Damian Lewis** as **Gannicus**
* **Ben Batt** as **Castus**
* **David Morrissey** as **Cornelius Lentulus Clodianus**
* **Michael McElhatton**as **Gellius Publicola**
Oannus

**Oannus** is a recurring character in the third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was an Assyrian born slave who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Romans.

After the Battle of the Silarus River in 71 BC, Oannus was quickly captured and crucified on the Appian Way, on the orders of Marcus Licinius Crassus.

He was the lover of Annona.

## Background

### Early Life

Oannus worked as a shepherd (*Pastores*) on his masters land in Campania, until he was freed by Spartacus and his army in late 72 BC.
Secutor

The **Secutor** (meaning "follower") was a gladiator fighting style similar to the Murmillo, in that they were well-armored and based around the use of a sword and shield. The style was designed to provide an entertaining match for the Retiarius. Most secutor gladiators were not armed with their traditional sword and shield combo, but instead with a heavy axe.

## Equipment

The Secutor was armed with:

* *Gladius*: Roman short sword.
* *Scutum*: tower shield.
* *Manica* (right arm): cotton or metal segments tied onto the striking arm for protection.
* *Ocrea* (left leg): a leather or metal greave to protect the leg beneath the shield.
* *Secutor Helmet*: a helmet with two small eye-holes, rounded top and neck-protective flanges.

During the time of Spartacus and his slave rebellion, the Secutor was absent a shield and sword, replaced with:

* *Securis*: Roman single-bladed axe.
* *Malleus*: two-handed bludgeoning hammer

## Fighting Technique

The Secutor's 'heavy armed' style meant they would employ similar tactics to the Murmillo, pitting their heavy armor and weapons against more lightly attired and armed foes. Also known as the "chaser" or "pursuer", the men who fought in this style had to be fast. They were also the largest of all Gladiators. The Secutor had wide and heavy shoulders suited for carrying the Scutum and Gladius or a heavier weapon with ease.

The Secutor's unique fish-like helmet design were intended to defend against a Retiarius' weapons; the small eye holes protected against the prongs of a trident, while the smooth crest on top and 'fin' around the back of the neck prevented a net from easily snagging. These claustrophobic helmets limited visibility and had no breathing holes/vents, however, meaning that they needed to win the fight quickly to avoid passing out from fatigue or lack of breath.

Secutors were historically intended to fight the Retiarius only (though the series and other media tend to ignore this and match them against other classes on occasion).
Physpas

**Physpas** is a minor character in the fifth season of ***Spartacus***. He was a Sicilian born slave who later joined Spartacus' rebellion.

In 71 BC, Physpas was captured following the Battle of the Silarus River, and crucified along the Appian Way, on the orders of Marcus Crassus.

## Background

### Early Life

Physpas was born and raised on the island of Sicilia. As a young man, his Dominus had him put to work as a Pastores, and was trained to protect his masters stock from wild animals and thieves.

Around 80 BC, Physpas was sent to Italia to be sold at the port of Ostia Antica. Physpas was sold to a wealthy Roman living in Campania, and again put to work as a *Pastores*.

### Death

Physpas, after being captured by Crassus' troops, was forced to walk towards the Appian Way, where he was crucified, near the town of Abellinium.

## Traits and Skills

* **Combat skill**: As a *Pastores*, Physpas was well trained in hand to hand combat.
Scollus

**Scollus** is a minor character in the second and third seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was a slave from Gaul who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Romans.

He was killed in 72 BC during the Battle of Mount Garganus, under Crixus' command.

## Background

### Early Life

Scollus was born in 107 BC in Gaul, and was enslaved as an adolescent. Like many slaves, he was sold by Cilician pirates. Unbeknownst to him, he was actually sold to Marcus Licinius Crassus, and would be put to work as a pastores on some of Crassus' land in southern Campania.

### Third Servile War

Scollus was hear of Spartacus' victory over Praetor Gaius Claudius Glaber in 73 BC, and made plans to escape and join his growing rebellion.

## Traits and Skills

* **Combat skill**: Scollus was an experienced fighter, having been trained as a pastores
* **Bilingual**: Scollus was fluent in both Gaulish, his native tongue, as well as Latin, allowing him to talk to most of the other rebels.
Tiberius Mirius

**Tiberius Mirius** is a minor character in the fourth season of ***Spartacus***. He was a Roman legionary under the command of Cassius Longinus Varus in 72 BC in Mutina. He killed by the rebel army of Spartacus during that year, during the Battle of Mutina.

## Background

### Death

During the battle, while in formation in a century, Tiberius was struck with an arrow, shot by one of the rebels.
Mothonia

**Mothonia** is a minor character in the third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. She was a Greek born slave who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Roman Republic in 72 BC.

Mothonia was ultimately crucified along the Appian Way in 71 BC, after being captured following the Battle of the Silarus River.
Spartacus (season 5)

The fifth and final season of the *Spartacus televisions series*.

## Synopsis

With the Roman Senate now desperate and broken from humiliation from Spartacus' victories, they choose one man, Marcus Licinius Crassus, to defeat Spartacus once and for all

## Cast

### Main Cast

* **Richard Armitage** as **Spartacus**, a Thracian who is condemned to slavery and the arena as a Gladiator for abandoning the Roman army. He goes on to lead the greatest slave rebellion in history, against Rome itself.
* **Damian Lewis** as **Gannicus**, a Gallic gladiator who becomes one of Spartacus' generals in the rebellion
* **Ben Batt** as **Castus**, a Roman gladiator who becomes one of Spartacus' generals in the rebellion
* **Hayley Atwell** as **Tresura**, a Thracian priestess and the wife of Spartacus, who becomes enslaved alongside him, later supporting him in the rebellion and leading to her own religious cult.
Mirontus

**Mirontus** is a recurring character in the third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was a Dacian born slave who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Romans.

After the Battle of the Silarus River in 71 BC, Mirontus was captured and crucified on the Appian Way, on the orders of Marcus Licinius Crassus.
Terentia Varra Prima

**Terentia Varra Prima** was a the eldest daughter of Consul Marcus Terentius Varro Lucullus and his wife, and the elder sister of Terentia Secunda and Terentia Tertulla. Sometime before 86 BC, Terentia and Terentia Secunda both died under unknown circumstances, leaving Tertulla the only survivor, and leaving their father devastated.

During every *Lemuria* Festival, both Tertulla, their mother and their father would honor Terentia Prima and Secunda.

For the rest of her life, Tertulla remembered both of her sisters often, and along with her husband Marcus Licinius Crassus and their son Publius, wished to see them all in the afterlife.
Octavius Addio

**Octavius Aedio** is a Major character in *The Carteians*.

Born the son of an Iberian woman and a Roman soldier in 205 BC, Octavius, among 4,000 others would appeal to the Roman senate, seeking a home within the Republic. Octavius would ultimately settle in the colony of Carteia in Hispania.

## Background

### Early Life

Octavius was born in 205 BC in southern Hispania, several years after the Romans gained absolute dominance over Hispania. His mother named him Octavius Aedio after his father.

In 172 BC, Octavius would meet an expanding group of men who were also born from Iberian mothers and Roman fathers.

In 171 BC, Octavius, and around 4,000 other men travelled to Italy, and met with the Roman senate to ask for Roman citizenship as well as an official home within the Republic.

## Traits and Skills

* **Bilingual**: Octavius was fluent in both Iberian and Latin.
Phatanion

**Phatanion** is a recurring character in the first, second, third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was a Greek born slave and a Gladiator in the Ludus of Lentulus Batiatus.

In 73 BC, Phatanion, along with around seventy other Gladiators, including Spartacus, Crixus, Oenomaus, Gannicus and Castus, escaped from Batiatus' Ludus, joining his growing rebellion against the Roman Republic.

Phatanion was eventually killed in 71 BC during the Battle of the Silarus River.

## Background

### Early Life

Born in central Greece, Phatanion was eventually brought to Italia and sold to the Lanista Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Batiatus, and taken to the city of Capua where he was trained as a *Gladiator*. In the Arena, Phatanion fought as a *Thraex*.

### Third Servile War

In 73 BC, Phatanion had become dissatisfied with the life of a Gladiator, and tired with Batiatus' growing abuse of both him and his fellow Gladiators, leading him to aid Spartacus, Crixus and Oenomaus in escaping the Ludus.

After the defeat of Lentulus and Publicola's combined forces in Lentula, Phatanion helped to capture several fleeing Legionaries, and was present when Spartacus decided to force the captured Legionaries into Gladiatorial combat.

## Traits and Skills

* **Combat skill**: As a *Gladiator*, Phatanion was an incredibly skilled fighter, having survived the rebellion up until the end. His skills as a *Thraex* in the arena allowed him a physical advantage against the Legionaries he fought.
* **Bilingual**: Phatanion was fluent in both his native Greek, as well as Latin, later using both to communicate with the rebels.
Spatha

The **spatha** was a type of straight and long sword, measuring between 0.75 and 1 m (30 and 39 in), in use throughout first millennium AD Europe, and in the territory of the Roman Empire until about 600 AD. Later swords from 600 AD to 1000 AD are recognizable derivatives, though they are not spathae.

The spatha was used in war and in gladiatorial fights. The spatha of literature appears in the Roman Empire in the first century AD as a weapon used by presumably Germanic auxiliaries and gradually became a standard heavy infantry weapon, relegating the gladius to use as a light infantry weapon. The spatha apparently replaced the gladius in the front ranks, giving the infantry more reach when thrusting. While the infantry version had a long point, versions carried by the cavalry had a rounded tip that prevented accidental stabbing of the cavalryman's foot.
Pits of Capua

The **Pits of Capua** was an underground fighting pit located in the city of Capua. It was a smaller version of Capua's arena, and was a more brutal and lawless version of them, implementing *Sine Missione*. Criminals and slaves (usually *Fugitivi*) fought each other in these pits, resulting in most dying. Lanista's would occasionally bring their incompetent Gladiators to these pits, as a way to make Denarii, as well as shame and discipline them for future Games.

## History

Like most fighting pits around the Roman Republic, Capua's pits were an open secret in the city. Magistrates and other officials decided to turn a blind eye to them.

Gladiators who showed incompetence in their training or in the Arena could be brought to these arenas (as an alternative to sending them to a Mine), as a way to both shame them, and to also provide their *Dominus* with coin, usually as a way to reimburse the money spent to purchase them.

Despite having few rules, the pits also provided different weaponry to the opponents, including Pugios, Malleus, Vinculum, and Caestus.

### Spartacus

Deinionus, a Thracian slave bought alongside Spartacus, shows incompetence in his Gladiator training, and is brought to Capua's fighting Pits. Deinionus is killed in the pits by its champion Octhyion. Spartacus dedicates the next few days of training to honour him, displaying the Thracian way of fighting. Ucceius, Batiatus' *Lorarius* takes note of this, and later threatens Spartacus with a flogging should he do it again.

Oenomaus, one of Batiatus' most skilled and respective Gladiators, offers to best Octhyion to make up the money spent purchasing Deinionus. Octhyion is bested and killed, with Oenomaus gaining Spartacus' respect.
Pherecedes

**Pherecedes** is a minor character in the third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was a Greek born slave who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Roman Republic.

He was killed in 71 BC during the Battle of Cantenna, under the command of Gannicus and Castus.

## Background

### Early Life

Pherecedes was born in Greece sometime before 100 BC, in the province of Achaea. His parents were both slaves, and as such, Pherecedes was a Verna (a home grown slave). As a child, Pherecedes was sold by his dominus to the Cilician pirates.
Purpura

**Purpura** is a minor character in the second, third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. She was a slave from Thrace who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Romans. After being captured by Marcus Licinius Crassus' troops after the Battle of the Silarus River, Purpura was crucified along the Appian Way, on the orders of Crassus.

She was the sister of Belesa, and was the lover of Psammus, a Greek

## Traits and Skills

* **Bilingual**: Purpura was fluent both in her native Thracian as well as Latin.
Axothea

**Axothea** is a recurring character in the second, third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was a slave from Germania who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Romans. She was killed in 71 BC during the Battle of Mount Camalatrum

## Traits and Skills

* **Bilingual**: Axothea could speak her native Germanic, as well as Latin. In the rebellion she learned to speak various words and phrases in several Celtic languages, Gaulish and Greek.
Arnethius

**Arnethius** is a recurring character in the first, second, third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was a slave from Germania who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Romans.

He was killed in 71 BC during the Battle of Potentia, against the legions of Marcus Licinius Crassus.
Quintus Simo

**Quintus Simo** is a minor character in the fifth season of ***Spartacus***. He was a Roman Legionary and later Centurion.

During the Social War between 91 to 88 BC, He served in

under the command of Marcus Licinius Crassus in the Third Servile War, serving in the *Legio II Licinii Crassi*.

## Biography

### Early Life

Simo was born in Rome in 111 BC, and raised in a Plebeian household. His father Tiberius worked as a craftsman and blacksmith, selling affordable makeshift weaponry, including Gladius' and Pugios to poorer Roman citizens. Quintus was recruited into the Roman army in 93 BC at the age of eighteen. His father was able to afford armour and weaponry for him, from the more professional craftsman of the city.

Quintus was trained for 2 years before being placed into the Legions led by Gaius Marius in the Social War of 91 to 88 BC.

### Third Servile War

In 72 BC, Quintus was conscripted into the *Legio II Licinii Crassi*, one of the two legions bought and formed by Marcus Licinius Crassus out of his own wealth.

## Traits and Skills

* **Combat skill**: Simo had the standard training of a Roman soldier.
Pompeii (film)

***Pompeii*** is a disaster, drama film, taking place within the ***Roman Cinematic Universe***. It is based on the historic eruption that destroyed the city of Pompeii.

## Notes

### Eruption

* Claiming an earthquake is a sign from Vulcan
* Mount Vesuvius erupts, creating massive tremors
* The eruption sends flaming debris raining down upon the city as the populace tries to flee to the harbor.
* A tsunami created by the volcano smashes into the city, destroying the harbour and the outer walls, and smashing several ships.
* Collapsing roads and buildings.
* Milo and Cassia ride off as
* A Pyroclastic Surge races into the city, incinerating everyone it hits.
Murmillo

The **Murmillo** (pl. **murmillones**) was a gladiatorial fighting style that represented the Roman legion. It is the oldest fighting style and the first to use the gladius sword as its primary weapon. The Murmillo is the most popular of all styles because it is classed as "the home town hero"

## History

The murmillo-class gladiator was adopted in the early Imperial period to replace the earlier Gallus, named after the warriors of Gaul. As the Gauls inhabiting Italy had become well-integrated with the Romans by the time of the reign of Augustus, it became undesirable to portray them as enemy outsiders; the Gallus-class gladiator thus had to be retired.

## Equipment

The Murmillo is armed with:

* *Gladius* - Short sword
* *Scutum* - Rectangular shield made of vertically connected wooden boards with a small bronze cupola which protects shield's handle.
* *Balteus* - Leather belt with metal decorations and supplements. Similar to current boxing belts.
* *Manica* - Segmented or scaled arm guard made of leather or some metal alloys. Manica can also be chainmailed.
* *Cassis Crista* - Large helmet with plume or horsehair crest, usually made of bronze, with an ornate 'grill' face visor. Usually based on the broad-rimmed Greek Boeotian helmet.
* *Ocrea* - Shin guard/protectors made of gold, silver or other metals.
* *Fasciae* - Thick soft padding on legs which are used to wear ocreas without having calluses and blisters.

## Style

The Murmillo fighting style was best suited for Gladiators of heavy builds, to help enable them to carry the weight of their shield, sword, helmet and armour. Men who fought as Murmillones were typically taller than most other Gladiators and very muscular and lean. The Murmillo would depend on his strength and endurance to survive the battle against foes who were more suited to attacking, such as the Hoplomachus or Retiarius. A Murmillo's shield, the Roman Scutum, often gave him the defensive advantage, while his gladius gave him the advantage when in close range with his opponent. The Murmillo are also trained to kick their enemies with the thick padding worn around their legs.

The murmillo usually fought the Thraex, the Retiarius and the Hoplomachus, with whom he shared some of the equipment (notably arm guards and all-enclosing helmet, and the dangerous short sword).

## Traditional Opponents

The Murmillo fought all of Rome's enemies but also rival fighting style

* Hoplomachus
* Gallus (Before the peace treaty)
* Retiarius
* Dimachaerus (rarely but several times in series)

## Known Murmillo Gladiators

* Spartacus
* Crixus
Pioplenus

**Pioplenus** is a Recurring character in the first, second, third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was a Sicilian born slave and a Pastores from the hills of Abella who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Romans.

He was killed in late 72 BC during the Battle of Ariminum, fighting against the Legions commanded by Marcus Mummius.

## Background

### Early Life

Pioplenus was born on Sicilia, and was born to slave parents. As a young child, Pioplenus was taken by slavers and brought to the city of Capua, eventually being sold to Gaius Maecenatus, who owned a farm in the hills of Abella. Pioplenus worked as a Pastores along with many other slaves, keeping his masters land a stock safe from thieves and wild animals.
Peiphontus

**Peiphontus** is a recurring character in the second, third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was a slave from Greece who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Romans.

After the Battle of the Silarus River, Peiphontus was captured and crucified along the Appian Way with 6,000 other rebels, on the orders of Marcus Licinius Crassus.
The Carteians

***The Carteians*** is a historical miniseries.

## Plot

Near the south coast of Hispania, an encampment becomes larger overnight. The next morning, Octavius Addio addressed the crowd, claiming they will call to Italia, and travel to Rome to find a new home. They meet with Roman official Gaius Candidanus to seek safe passage to Italia.

## Cast

* TBA as Octavius Addio
* TBA as Titus Calda
* TBA as Gaius Candidanus
* TBA as Gaion
* TBA as Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus
Naqatna

**Naqatna** is a minor character in the second, third and fourth seasons of ***Spartacus***. She was an Assyrian born slave who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Romans.

Throughout the rebellion, Naqatna was one of the many members of a cult led by Spartacus' wife Tresura, but mainly as a way to remain safe. Eventually in 72 BC, Naqatna chose to cross the Alps with a number of other rebels, but would ultimately perish days afterwards.

## Background

### Early Life

Naqatna was born in southern Assyria, and taken into slavery in her childhood. Naqatna was brought to Barium in Apulia and sold to a Roman living in Larinum. For over a decade, Naqatna was used as a house slave and *Concubina* by her Dominus.

### Third Servile War

After hearing of the rebel Gladiator Spartacus and his victory against Praetor Gaius Claudius Glaber at Mount Vesuvius, Naqatna and several other slaves decided to take their chances and flee. Travelling along the Via Traiana, they would eventually find Spartacus' encampment near Beneventum.

#### Death

After escaping Crassus' forces in Campania, and Pompey's forces in Etruria, Naqatna and a small force of surviving rebels decided to take their chances and cross the Alps. Naqatna would ultimately die of Hypothermia on this journey.

## Traits and Skills

* **Combat skill**: During her time in Spartacus' rebellion, Naqatna was trained to use a bow and arrow, later aiding the rebels by firing on Roman Legionaries.
* **Bilingual**: Naqatna was fluent in both her native Akkadian as well as Latin.
Titus Tullitius

**Titus Tullitius** is a minor character in the fifth season of ***Spartacus***. He was a Roman Legionary under the command of Marcus Licinius Crassus, serving in the Legio V Latium.

Following the Battle of Ariminum in 71 BC, Tullitius was among the 500 legionaries involved in Crassus' punishment of decimation, being one of the 50 men to ultimately be executed.
Orsino

**Orsino** is a recurring character in the fourth season of ***Spartacus***. He was a leader of the Cilician pirates. During the Third Servile War, Orsino secured a deal between the pirates and Spartacus to bring a small force of rebels to Sicily, but would ultimately betray the rebellion alongside Heracleo.

Orsino was ultimately killed in 66 BC, when Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus sieged the Cilician city of Coracesium, and crucified after being captured.

## Background

### Early Life

Orsino was born in Cilicia sometime before 100 BC and became a member of the Cilician Pirates as a young adults. He managed many enslavements as a pirates and eventually rose up the ranks to become one of it's leaders alongside Heracleo.

In 72 BC, Orsino, Heracleo and a small band of pirates encountered Spartacus, Gannicus, Castus and a small clutch of men at the coast of Campania. While hostile towards the rebels at first, Orsino quickly realised Spartacus was in need of the pirates' services, not a fight to the death, and ordered his men to stand down. Orsino and Heracles brokered a deal with the rebel leader to bring around 2,000 rebels from the coast of Brundisium to the island of Sicily, in order for the rebels to begin a third slave rebellion on the island, in exchange for Roman denarii.
Quintus Fabius Maximus

**Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus Cunctator** is a recurring character in the first season of ***Hannibal***, and a major character in its second and third seasons. a Roman general and consul. He presented the Fabian strategy, successfully detaining Hannibal and his movements in Italy during the Second Punic War.
Nikonitus

**Nikonitus** is a recurring character in the second, third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was a Thracian born slave who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Romans. He was killed in 71 BC during the Battle of the Silarus River.

He was the lover of Oepytia, who was crucified on the Appian Way with the other captured rebels.

## Background

### Early Life

Nikonitus was born in 113 BC in Western Thrace, and taken into slavery when his village was attacked and plundered by a warring tribe, being sold to Roman slavers.

As a young adult, Nikonitus was sold to a wealthy Roman living in Lucania. After the social war in 82 BC, Nikonitus was among the hundreds of slaves granted to Marcus Licinius Crassus, as part of his reward by Cornelius Sulla.

### Third Servile War

In early 72 BC, Nikonitus, along with a dozen other slaves, travelling northwards until they found Spartacus and his army.

## Traits and Skills

* **Bilingual**: Nikonitus was fluent in his native Thracian as well as Latin.
Publius Pullo

**Publius Pullo** is a recurring character in the fifth season of ***Spartacus***. He was a Roman Centurion under the command of Marcus Licinius Crassus during the Third Servile War.

He was the father of the more famous Centurion, **Titus Pullo**, who later served Gaius Julius Caesar during the Gallic Wars.
Praottius

**Praottius** is a recurring character in the second, third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was a Sicilian born slave who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Roman Republic.

He was killed in 71 BC during the Battle of the Silarus River.

## Traits and Skills

* **Combat skill**: As a *Pastores*, Praottius had been trained and experienced for years in hand to hand combat.
Sitalces

**Sitalces** is a minor character in season 0 of ***Spartacus***. He was a Thracian soldier who later served in the Auxiliary of Cornelius Sulla In the Social War. He fought along two of his friends, Deinionus and Spartokos.

Following the war, Sitalces joined the two in becoming hit-men and bandits. Around 85 BC, Roman scouts tracked the three down. Sitalces was killed, while Deinionus and Spartokos were captured and enslaved.
Thurii Slave Revolt

The **Thurii Slave Revolt** was a minor slave rebellion that took place in the city of Thurii in 60 BC.

## History

Gaius Octavius, before leaving for his appointment as governor of Macedonia, was sent by the senate to put down a growing rebellion of slaves at Thurii. Octavius was able to find several surviving fugitives, all having assumed the identities of Roman citizens killed during Spartacus' siege of the city in 72 BC.

From this success, Octavius took on the name Thurinius, later given to his own son Gaius (who would later become the first Emperor of Rome Augustus)

## Result

* Decisive Roman victory
* All involved rebels executed and crucified.
Pios

**Pios** was a recurring character in the second, third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was a Greek born slave who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Romans.

During the rebellion, Pios was trusted with the task of vetting many slaves who fled to Spartacus' army.

He was ultimately killed in 71 BC during the Battle of the Silarus River, against the Legions of Marcus Licinius Crassus.

## Background

### Early Life

Pios was born in southern Greece sometime before 100 BC. In his youth, Pios was kidnapped and enslaved by the Cilician pirates, and brought to Apulia, where he was sold to a wealthy Roman. For several decades he was put to work on his masters lands as a *Pastores*, tending livestock and protecting it from wild animals and thieves. Pios, along many other slaves around Apulia, took to secretive meetings where they prayed to Dionysus. A optimistic and strong leader, Pios would come to be seen as a leader, where he was often sought for advice by the other slaves.

### First Servile War

After hearing word of the rebel Gladiator Spartacus and his growing rebellion, Pios and his fellow slaves decided to also rebel, killing the guards, finding arms and armour, and burning their Dominus' estate. Traveling along the Via Flaminia for almost a week, they reached the rebel army in southern Campania.

Pios w

## Traits and Skills

* **Bilingual**: Pios was fluent in both his native Greek as well as Latin, later using both to communicate with many rebels. He would also later learn words and phrases in Thracian.
* **Combat skill**: As a *Pastores*, Pios was a skilled fighter, especially in hand to hand combat.
Rudis

A ***Rudis*** (plural ***Rudes***) was a wooden sword (or rod) given to a Gladiator upon receiving their freedom. Alongside palm branches, a *Rudis* was also a reward for their bravery and skill in the arena. As a *Rudis* was also proof of a Gladiators freedom, the *Libertus* would have certainly carried it around with him everywhere he went.

## History

With the *Rudis*, a newly liberated gladiator could seek out other employment. Having known nothing but the life of a Gladiator, the *Libertus* would likely seek employment in their former *Dominus*' *Ludus*, likely as a *Doctore*, a trainer of Gladiators. They could also find employment as a referee in gladiatorial games. Some *Rudiarii* would even remain as Gladiators to continue receiving glory in the arena. To retire from the gladiatorial games altogether, living on the proceeds he had earned as a gladiator.

To work as a bodyguard, and status symbol, of a wealthy Roman. To work in one of the gladiator schools training new gladiators. To work in the arena taking on a role of an arbiter, or referee. To continue working as an elite, sought after and well paid Rudiarius gladiator and continue to receive the adulation from the fans and spectators, opting for fame and glory or death. The Rudiarius were in great demand as they very popular with the public and could be relied on to provide a good 'show'.

The most elite of the retired gladiators were dubbed *Summa Rudis. The summa rudis officials wore white tunics with purple borders (*clavi*), and served as technical experts to ensure that the gladiators fought bravely, skillfully, and according to the rules. They carried batons and whips with which they pointed out illegal movements. Ultimately the *Summa Rudis* officials could stop a game if a Gladiator was going to be too seriously wounded, compel gladiators to fight on, or defer the decision to the *Editor*.*

**Retired Gladiators who became *Summa Rudis* evidently achieved fame and wealth in their second careers as officials of the combats.**

***The Roman poet Martial wrote of a circumstance in which two gladiators named Verus and Priscus fought to a stalemate, and both received rudes and palms as a reward for their bravery and skill.***

****In TBA, Emperor Tiberius put on celebratory games in honor of his grandfather, Drusus, at which he induced some retired gladiators to appear by paying each of them a hundred thousand sesterces.****

***Known Rudes
-----------******### In the SPQRverse******### Historical******* Verus
* Priscus
* Aelius
* Thelonicus (a *retiarius*)***
Possidia

**Possidia** is a minor character in the third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. She was a Sicilian born slave who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Romans.

In 71 BC, Possidia was captured by Roman troops, and ultimately crucified on the Appian Way, on the orders of Marcus Licinius Crassus.
Oenomaus

**Oenomaus** is a major character in the first and second seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was a gladiator from Germania who became a rebel leader and general for Spartacus, but died early during the rebellion. He survived the battle at Mount Vesuvius, helped to liberate the mines of Lucania and later helped take over the city of Thurii, but was gravely wounded and died during the siege.

## Background

### Early Life

Oenomaus was born into a Germanic tribe. He was eventually taken into slavery during a battle against the Romans, and brought to Italy, where he was sold to Lanista Quintus Lentulus Batiatus, and put into his Ludus to be trained as a Gladiator.

Over the years, Oenomaus became one of Batiatus greater Gladiators, winning many victories in the arena. He and another Gladiator, Crixus, would form an alliance inside the Ludus, with both leading their own faction.

In 85 BC, Deinionus, an incompetent recruit from the Ludus was taken to Capua's fighting pits, and was easily killed. Oenomaus agreed to fight against Deinionus' killer, Octhyion, in order to repay some of the money Batiatus had lost purchasing him. After a lengthy fight, Oenomaus killed Octhyion, gaining the respect of Spartacus, another recruit.

### Third Servile War

In 73 BC, he helped Spartacus, Crixus and the other gladiators escape the ludus, fighting his way out, and leading multiple attacks in Capua, eventually making it out of the city and towards Mount Vesuvius.

Months following Spartacus' victory over Glaber, Varinius, Cossinius and Furius, Spartacus had been entrusting Oenomaus to carry out numerous raids on supply wagons on Roman roads, both to collect food, armour and weaponry from the Romans.

### Death

In 72 BC, Oenomaus was involved with the Siege of Thurii. While storming through the city, Oenomaus was taken by surprise by several Roman guards.

### Legacy

Following the Funeral Games of Crixus, Spartacus and his entire army stood before a fire, cremating the head of Crixus, which had been found on the battlefield. Along with thousands of names, Oenomaus was honoured by Spartacus alongside Crixus.

## Traits and Skills

* **Combat skill**: Oenomaus was a incredibly skilled gladiator, having survived many battles and skirmishes against Roman soldiers and mercenaries.
* **Trilingual**: Other than Gaulish, his native tongue, Oenomaus was also fluent in both Latin and Germanic, allowing him to communicate with most rebels in Spartacus' rebellion.
* **Leadership**: During the rebellion, Oenomaus was third in command, with only Crixus and Spartacus himself above him in command. As such, Spartacus entrusted Oenomaus with many rebel factions, often putting him in charge of many small supply runs and raids.

## Personality

While a brave and inspiring leader, Oenomaus often attacked first and thought second, which ultimately led to his death in 72 BC.

## Appearance

Oenomaus was tall and stocky, with the built of a Gladiator. During the rebellion, he grew a beard and grew his hair out.
Publius Armius

**Publius Armius** is minor character in the third season of ***Spartacus***. He was a Roman Legionary under the command of Lucius Gellius Publicola in the Third Servile War. After the Battle of Picenum, Armius was captured by the rebels, and later forced to fight to the death against 600 other captured Legionaries
Roman Cinematic Universe

The **Roman Cinematic Universe** is a extended universe of films and television series based on Roman history, from the beginnings and ends of the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic and Roman Empire respectively.

## TV series

* *Hannibal (TV series)*
* *Spartacus (TV series)*
	+ S1 **●** S2 **●** S3 **●** S4 **●** S5
* *Caesar (TV series)*
* *Triumvirate (TV series)*
* *Augustus (TV series)*
* *Cleopatra (TV series)*
* Caligula (TV series)
* Nero (TV series)
* Aurelius (TV series)
Mount Vesuvius

**Mount Vesuvius** is a volcano in the Gulf of Naples, Italy. It is best known for its eruption in in AD 79 that caused the destruction of the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. The cities were abandoned and forgotten until a chance discovery in the 18th century. It is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted in the last hundred years, although it is currently innactive.
During the start of the Third Servile War, Spartacus and his small rebel force used an abandoned temple at the base of the mountain for training.
Claudius Glaber managed to overwhelm the rebels and drove them to the top of the mountain, planning to starve them towards surrendering.
Quintus Calatius

**Quintus Calatius** is a minor character in the fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was a Roman legionary under the command of consul Gellius Publicola in 72 BC, and later Marcus Licinius Crassus in 71 BC.

## Background

### Third Servile War

In 72 BC, Quintus was conscripted into the four new legions raised by the Roman senate. Quintus was placed into a century led by Centurion Lucius Fabinius, under Gellius' command. Gellius took his two legions eastwards to Apulia, where he soon met Crixus and his separate army in the Garganus Mountains. The two armies met in open battle in these mountains, resulting in defeat for the rebels along with Crixus himself.

Quintus, having survived the battle against Crixus, marched south towards Clodianus' position. With a combined force, the two consuls engaged in battle together against Spartacus, only to be defeated once again.

Following both Gellius and Clodianus' defeats by Spartacus, Quintus marched back towards Latium with the remainder of the four legions.

Eventually, Marcus Licinius Crassus was granted command of the remaining legions, as well as purchasing two more legions out of his own wealth.
Titus Calda

**Titus Calda** is a supporting character in ***The Carteians***. He was an Iberian who, in 171 BC would unite with 4,000 other unacknowledged sons of Roman Legionaries of the Second Punic War.

## Background

### Early Life

Titus was born the son of Caldia, an Iberian woman, and a Roman Legionary that his mother only remembered as Titus. Taking on the name Calda after his mother, Titus would find others who were fathered by unknown Roman Legionaries during the Second Punic War. He would befriend Octavius Addio, and the two would be chosen to lead.

## Traits and Skills

* **Bilingual**: Titus was fluent in both Iberian and Latin.
Phialius

**Phialius** is a minor character in the fifth season of *Spartacus*. He was a Greek freedman, and a former slave of Lucius Ennius Hirrius, and after he was freed, he became known as **Lucius Ennius Phialius**

## Background

### Early Life

Phialius was born in Greece and enslaved as an adolescent. He became the slave of a Roman in Campania named Lucius Ennius Hirrius.
Theleria

**Theleria** is a recurring character in the second, third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. She was a Greek born slave who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Roman Republic.

She was killed in 71 BC during the Battle of Mount Cantenna, under Gannicus and Castus' command.

## Traits and Skills

* **Combat skill**: During the rebellion, Theleria learned to fight with a bow and arrow.
* **Bilingual**: Theleria was fluent in both Greek and Latin.
Porrontus

**Porrontus** is a minor character in the third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was a slave from Illyria who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Romans.

He was killed in 71 BC during the Battle of the Silarus River.

## Traits and Skills

* **Bilingual**: Porrontus was fluent in his native Illyrian language as well as Latin.
Spartacus (season 1)

The first season of the ***Spartacus** television series**.* The series is inspired by the historical figure Spartacus, and takes place in 73 BC, during the early months of the slave rebellion known as the Third Servile War.

The first season succeeds the origin season, and is followed by the second season chronologically.

## Synopsis

*Weeks following the mass breakout of Gladiators from the ludus of Lentulus Batiatus, the senate must act fast to eliminate the potential threat, sending Praetor Gaius Claudius Glaber to handle Spartacus and his growing rebellion.*

## Cast

### Main Cast

* **Richard Armitage** as **Spartacus**, a Thracian who is condemned to slavery and the arena as a Gladiator for abandoning the Roman army. He goes on to lead the greatest slave rebellion in history, against Rome itself.
* **Travis Fimmel** as **Crixus**, a Gallic gladiator who becomes one of Spartacus' closest friends and generals in the rebellion.
* **Rhys Ifans** as **Oenomaus**, a Germanic gladiator who becomes one of Spartacus' closest friends and generals.
* **Damian Lewis** as **Gannicus**, a Gallic gladiator who becomes one of Spartacus' generals in the rebellion
* **Ben Batt** as **Castus**, a Roman gladiator who becomes one of Spartacus' generals in the rebellion
* **Hayley Atwell** as **Tresura**, a Thracian priestess and the wife of Spartacus, who becomes enslaved alongside him, later supporting him in the rebellion and leading to her own religious cult.

### Supporting Cast

* **Jonny Lee Miller** as **Carbo**, a former Roman legionary and gladiator of Batiatus who joins the rebellion.
* N/A as **Rabanus**, a gladiator under Gannicus' command
* N/A as **Drapaes**, a gladiator under Spartacus' command
* N/A as **Furudix**, a gladiator under Crixus' command
* N/A as **Lugurix**, a gladiator under Crixus' command
Thitheia's Cult

During the **Third Servile War**, Thitheia, the wife of the rebel leader Spartacus, used her own influence as a priestess of the god Dionysus, to lead a powerful following inside the rebel army that helped to deify Spartacus as a god, or as a demigod.

## History

Following their escape from the Ludus of Lentulus Batiatus, Thitheia returned to her religious duties as a priestess of Dionysus. After defeating the Praetor Gaius Claudius Glaber at Mount Vesuvius in late 73 BC, Thitheia began to collect her own following inside the rebel ranks as they swelled with tens of thousands of escaped slaves. Many of these followers were non-combatants, including women and children, with very few being active combatants. While Spartacus, his generals, and the other Gladiators began training the recruits, Tresura used his victories against Rome as propaganda, that Spartacus was the chosen one of Dionysus, and that he would lead any followers of Spartacus to victory and freedom.

To aid her, the elderly rebel Thenus told stories of the previous two rebellions on Sicily decades prior, with him being a survivor of the First rebellion.

A short time before the Battle of Brundisium, Thenus passed away from ill health. After the rebellion was defeated by Marcus Licinius Crassus, Tresura, Angania, Digananus and Thessela survived, removing their brands and taking on the identities of several Roman citizens of Thurii who had been slaughtered by Gannicus' men in 72 BC. The other survivors were either crucified with Crassus' other captured rebels, or executed in Etruria by Pompey as he returned from Hispania.

## Known Followers

* **Thitheia**
* **Thenus**: A survivor of the First Servile War on Sicilia.
* Desella: Killed trying to escape after the Battle of the Silarus River.
* Pios: Killed during the Battle of the Silarus River.
* Naqatna: Died in 72 BC while attempting to cross the Alps.
* Glynnos: Killed during the Battle of the Silarus River
* Nocynia: Died in 72 BC while attempting to cross the Alps.
* Pothinus: Crucified
* Aphesbia: Crucified
* Barrabus: Crucified
* Ibanatha: Crucified
* Ephimia: Crucified
* Niqmana: Crucified
* Sebbia: Crucified
* Idonia: Crucified
* Valurnia: Roman noblewoman from Thurii who was captured and branded by the rebels, bearing the mark of her own husband, making her a slave and rebel. Crucified

### Survived

* Digananus: Survived and settled in Thurii
* Thessela: Survived and settled in Thurii
* Angania: Survived and settled in Thurii
* Angania: Survived and settled in Thurii
* Alioppe: Joined to keep her son Lucianus safe from other rebels, who was an illegitimate son of Crassus. Survived and settled in Thurii. Lucianus would eventually take on the name of Gnaeus Gennius Vallus.
Synetius

**Synetius** is a recurring character in the first, second, third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was a Gladiator from Dacia who later escaped from the ludus of Lentulus Batiatus along with Spartacus, Crixus and the other gladiators, and joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Roman Republic.

Synetius was killed in 71 BC during the Battle of Cantenna, under the command of Gannicus and Castus.

## Traits and Skills

* **Combat skill**: Synetus was an incredibly skilled fighter, being a gladiator. He was able to take on several opponents at once.
Publius Pimio

**Publius Pimio** is a minor character in the fifth season of ***Spartacus***. He was a Roman legionary under the command of Marcus Licinius Crassus during the Third Servile War, serving in the Fourth Cohort of the *Legio I Licinii Crassi*.

Pimio would remain in the Legion during Crassus' campaign against the Parthians, but would ultimately be killed in 53 BC during the Battle of Carrhae.
Ophytius

**Ophytius** is a minor character in the first, second and third seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was a slave from Thrace who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Romans. He was killed during the Battle of Mount Garganus in 72 BC, under Crixus' command.

## Traits and Skills

* **Bilingual**: Ophytius was fluent in Thracian and Latin, using both to communicate with the rebels.
Lytemius

**Lytemius** is a recurring character in the second, third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was a slave from Sicily who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Romans. He was killed in 71 BC during the Battle of Ariminum.

## Background

### Early Life

Lytemius was born in Sicily in 103 BC, and taken into slavery as an adolescent. Lytemius would eventually be sold to a wealthy Roman in Lucania, and put to work as a pastors, defending his masters stock from thieves. He continued this work for a number of years, until in early 72 BC, he decided to flee from his dominos and head east, eventually finding Spartacus and his army.

### Death

Lytemius had been waiting for weeks for the rebels' next challenge to arrive, knowing that the Romans would stop at nothing now to finish the rebellion.
Nyxos

**Nyxos** is a recurring character in the second, third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was a Thracian born slave who later joined Spartacus' rebellion against the Roman Republic.

After the Battle of the Silarus River, Nyxos was captured and crucified along the Appian Way, on the orders of Marcus Licinius Crassus.
Titus Marminius

**Titus Marminius** is a recurring character in the fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. He was a Roman Centurion under the command of consul Cassius Longinus Varus in Mutina, and later under Marcus Licinius Crassus during the Third Servile War.

## Background

### Early Life

Marminius was born in Rome in 108 BC, into a plebeian family that was descended from a Germanic freedman. Marminius joined the Roman army in 90 BC at the age of eighteen. In 77 BC, at the age of thirty one, Marminius was promoted to the rank of Centurion, later being enlisted into the service of Consul Cassius Longinus Varus in 73 BC, serving him while the latter served as the governor of Cisalpine Gaul.

### Third Servile War

In 72 BC, while still serving Varus, Marminius heard word of the rebel Spartacus and his slave army marching towards Mutina, planning to cross the Alps.

Marminius commanded his century of soldiers during the Battle of Mutina, losing a number of his own men before being forced to retreat. On his return to Rome, Varus ordered his forces to camp outside Rome on the Field of Mars. Marminius would receive word that the senate had passed on military power and command of the legions to Marcus Licinius Crassus, richest man in the Republic.
Naolitia

**Naolitia** is a Minor character in the second, third, fourth and fifth seasons of ***Spartacus***. She was a Sardinian born slave who later joined Spartacus' slave rebellion against Rome.

Following Spartacus' defeat during the Battle of the Silarus River, Naolitia fled north under the command of Spartacus' final rebel general Antoninus, and was eventually killed while trying to flee from Pompey and his returning legions in Etruria.