Dead

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For light metro systems, see Medium-capacity rail system § List of systems.
See also: List of suburban and commuter rail systems, List of tram and light rail transit systems, and List of bus operating companies
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This **list of metro systems** includes electrified rapid transit train systems worldwide. In some parts of the world, metro systems are referred to as *subways*, *U-Bahn* or *undergrounds*. Template:As of, 182 cities in 56 countries around the world host the approximately 180 metro systems that are listed here.

The London Underground first opened as an "underground railway" in 1863 and its first electrified underground line opened in 1890, making it the world's oldest metro system. The New York City Subway has the greatest number of stations. The country with the most metro systems is China, with 40 in operation. The Shanghai Metro has the world's largest metro network.

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## Considerations

The International Association of Public Transport (L'Union Internationale des Transports Publics, or UITP) defines metro systems as urban passenger transport systems, "operated on their own right of way and segregated from general road and pedestrian traffic". The terms heavy rail (mainly in North America) and heavy urban rail are essentially synonymous with the term "metro". Heavy rail systems are also specifically defined as an "electric railway".

The dividing line between metro and other modes of public transport, such as light rail and commuter rail, is not always clear, and while UITP only makes distinctions between "metros" and "light rail", the American Public Transportation Association (APTA) and Federal Transit Administration (FTA) distinguish all three modes. A common way to distinguish metro from light rail is by their separation from other traffic. While light rail systems may share roads or have level crossings, a metro system runs, almost always, on a grade-separated exclusive right-of-way, with no access for pedestrians and other traffic. And in contrast to commuter rail or light rail, metro systems are primarily used for transport within a city, and have higher service frequencies and substantially higher passenger volume capacities. Furthermore, most metro systems do not share tracks with freight trains or inter-city rail services. It is however not relevant whether the system runs on steel wheels or rubber tyres, or if the power supply is from a third rail or overhead line.

The name of the system is not a criterion for inclusion or exclusion. Some cities use metro as a brand name for a transit line with no component of rapid transit whatsoever. Similarly, there are systems branded light rail that meet every criterion for being a rapid transit system. Some systems also incorporate light metro or light rail lines as part of the larger system under a common name. These are listed, but the light rail lines are not counted in the provided network data. Certain transit networks may match the service standards of metro systems, but reach far out of the city and are sometimes known as S-Bahn, suburban, regional or commuter rail. These are not included in this list. Neither are funicular systems, or people movers, such as amusement park, ski resort and airport transport systems.

This list counts metros separately when multiple metros in one city or metropolitan area have separate owners or operating companies. This list expressly does not aim at representing the size and scope of the total rapid transit network of a certain city or metropolitan area. The data of this list should not be used to infer the size of a city's, region's, or country's urban rail transit systems, or to establish a ranking.

## Legend

 File:World metro system cities.png
 File:World Metro systems.svg
City
Primary city served by the metro system.
Country
Sovereign state in which the metro system is located.
Name
The most common English name of the metro system (including a link to the article for that system).
Year opened
The year the metro system was opened for commercial service at metro standards. In other words, parts of the system may be older, but as parts of a former light rail or commuter rail network, so the year that the system obtained metro standards (most notably electrification) is the one listed.
Year of last expansion
The last time the system length or number of stations in the metro system was expanded.
Stations
The number of stations in the metro network, with stations connected by transfer counted as one.
System length
The system length of a metro network is the sum of the lengths of all routes in the rail network in kilometers or miles. Each route is counted only once, regardless of how many lines pass over it, and regardless of whether it is single-track or multi-track, single carriageway or dual carriageway.
Ridership
The number of unique journeys on the metro system every year. There is a major discrepancy between the ridership figures: some metro systems count transferring between lines as multiple journeys, but others do not.
## List

Template:Compact ToC

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Table notes
Template:Note Indicates ridership figures based on the fiscal year rather than the calendar year.

## Under construction

The following is a list of new worldwide metro systems that are currently actively under construction. Note that in some cases it is not clear if the system will be considered a full metro system once it begins operational service. Only metro systems under construction are listed where there is no metro systems currently in operation in the same city.

The countries of Bangladesh, Ecuador, Ireland, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, and Vietnam are currently constructing their first ever metro systems.

## Planned

Along With Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Croatia, South Africa, Israel, Kuwait, New Zealand, Mongolia, Sri Lanka, Serbia & Paraguay Will Be Planned Someday

## Non-Metros

Countries That Are Not Metros Similar to Metros

## See also

Template:Div col

* List of suburban and commuter rail systems
* List of airport people mover systems
* List of bus rapid transit systems
* List of automated train systems
* List of funicular railways
* List of monorail systems
* Medium-capacity rail system
* List of premetro systems
* List of rapid transit systems by track gauge
* List of tram and light rail transit systems
* List of town tramway systems
* List of trolleybus systems

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## Sources

### Bibliography

Template:Refbegin

* Template:Cite book
* Template:Cite book
* Template:Cite book
* Template:Cite book
* Template:Cite book

Template:Refend

### Online resources

* Metros: Keeping pace with 21st century cities. International Association of Public Transport (Template:Lang-fr (UITP)) (8 May 2014).
* Taplin, Michael. A world of trams and urban transit. Light Rail Transit Association.
* Schwandl, Robert. UrbanRail.Net.

## External links

* Metro, light rail and tram systems in Europe. European Rail Research Advisory Council & International Association of Public Transport (Template:Lang-fr (UITP)) (2009).
* Public Transportation Fact Book. American Public Transportation Association (APTA) (2014).
* European Metropolitan Transport Authorities (EMTA)
* Metro List at *CityRailTransit.com* website
* *Openstreetmap* subway project

Template:Transport country lists

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2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 A brief history of the Underground – London Underground milestones. Transport for London.
3. ↑ The Metro: an opportunity for sustainable development in large cities. Union Internationale des Transports Publics (UITP) (International Association of Public Transport) (November 2003).
4. ↑ What is the largest metro system in the world? (5 September 2015).
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11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 National Transit Database Glossary. U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Transit Administration (18 October 2013).
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226. ↑ Ferrovia Circumetnea - Tariffe e Orari della Metropolitana.
227. ↑ Metropolitana di Catania, oggi l'inaugurazione della tratta Borgo-Nesima (30 March 2017).
228. ↑ Metropolitana di Catania (11 July 2017).
229. ↑ 229.0 229.1 229.2 229.3 Metropolitana (it). Azienda Mobilità e Trasporti SpA (AMT) (2013).
230. ↑ 230.0 230.1 L'opera che ha fatto di Milano una grande metropoli (it). Metropolitane Milanesi SpA.
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239. ↑ 239.0 239.1 239.2 239.3 Fukuoka Municipal Subway. 一般社団法人 日本地下鉄協会 [Japan Subway Association] (17 June 2018).
240. ↑ 240.00 240.01 240.02 240.03 240.04 240.05 240.06 240.07 240.08 240.09 240.10 240.11 240.12 Subways in Japan. 一般社団法人 日本地下鉄協会 [Japan Subway Association] (2017).
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246. ↑ Error on call to Template:cite web: Parameters **url** and **title** must be specified (ja). 大阪市営交通局 [Osaka Municipal Transportation Bureau].
247. ↑ Your Transportation / Subway. Hokkaido University (1 September 2017).
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267. ↑ Inauguraciones y Ampliaciones en Orden Cronológico Hasta 2000 (es). Metro de la Ciudad de Mexico.
268. ↑ Longitud de las Líneas (KM.) (es). Metro de la Ciudad de Mexico.
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286. ↑ Metrorex history. Metrorex.
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290. ↑ Schwandl, Robert. Kazan.
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367. ↑ SEPTA – Media Guide 7, 11. SEPTA (2013).
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