recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Veterupristisaurus

*Veterupristisaurus* is known from the holotype specimen MB R 1938, an isolated middle caudal vertebra. Two partially fused posterior middle caudal vertebrae, MB R 2166, from the same locality as the holotype, are referred to this genus and most probably came from the same individual. The anterior caudal vertebra, MB R 1940, may also represent this genus. The holotype was collected in the St (EH) locality of the Tendaguru in German East Africa, from the Middle Dinosaur Member of the Tendaguru Formation, dating to the late Kimmeridgian to earliest Tithonian faunal stage of the Late Jurassic, about 154-150 million years ago. The holotype was originally referred to *Ceratosaurus? roechlingi* by Werner Janensch in 1925.
Trimucrodon

Trimucrodon (meaning "three-pointed tooth") is a genus of herbivorous dinosaur from the Late Jurassic Alcobaça Formation of what is now Portugal. It has been classified as a basal ornithischian, but is a *nomen dubium*: it is a "tooth genus" known only from its teeth. Between 1962 and 1967 German zoologist and paleontologist Georg Krusat uncovered mammal fossils near Porto Dinheiro, Lourinha, in layers of the Camadas de Alcobaça Formation. This rock unit was then seen as dating from the Kimmeridgian stage, around 150 to 155 million years ago. One small tooth was recognised by Richard A. Thulborn as dinosaurian instead of mammalian and in 1973 he described and named it *Trimucrodon cuneatus*; the paper was not published until 1975. The generic name is derived from Latin *tri-* ('three'), + *mucro* ('dagger point'), + Ancient Greek ὀδούς, ὀδών (*odoús, odṓn*, 'tooth'). The specific name means "wedge-shaped" in Latin. The holotype tooth is part of the collection of the Lehrstuhl fur Paläontologie, Freie Universität at Berlin but has no published inventory number. Some other Portuguese teeth from the formation were referred to the species. Thulborn originally classified *Trimucrodon* as a member of the Fabrosauridae. José Ignacio Ruiz-Omeñaca in 2001 placed it within the Heterodontosauridae. However, recent authors have considered it a basal ornthischian of uncertain affiliations.
Taveirosaurus

Taveirosaurus (meaning "Taveiro lizard") is a genus of ornithischian dinosaur that lived in Europe during the Late Cretaceous. The genus is based solely on teeth.From 1968 Miguel Telles Antunes and Giuseppe Manuppella uncovered fossils at the *Cerâmica do Mondego* quarry near Taveiro, a village in Portugal, southwest of Coimbra. Among them were a number of low triangular teeth of a herbivorous dinosaur. In 1991 these were named and described by Telles Antunes and Denise Sigogneau-Russell as the type species *Taveirosaurus costai*. The generic name refers to Taveiro. The specific name honours the Portuguese geologist João Carrington da Costa. The holotype, CENGUNL -TV 10, was found in ancient river clay of the Argilas de Aveiro Formation dating from the Maastrichtian. It consists of one tooth. Nine other teeth were also assigned to the genus, CEGUNL-TV 6–9, 11 and 13–16. Later also some teeth found near Laño in Spain were referred.Having only the teeth to base themselves on, Telles Antunes and Sigogneau originally thought that *Taveirosaurus* belonged to some pachycephalosaurian group. In 1991 they assigned it to the Homalocephalidae, in 1992 to the Pachycephalosauridae. However, they soon rejected this possibility — and *Taveirosaurus* has not been included in this group in recent reviews — in 1995 considering it a member of the Nodosauridae. In 1996 Peter Galton suggested it might have belonged to the Fabrosauridae, pointing out a similarity to the teeth of *Alocodon* and *Trimucrodon*, two other "tooth genera". In 2004 David B. Norman concluded it was a *nomen dubium*.
Thanatotheristes

The holotype specimen of *Thanatotheristes degrootorum* (TMP 2010.5.7) is based on a right maxilla, right jugal, right postorbital, right surangular, right quadrate, right laterosphenoid, left frontal, and both dentaries. The length of the skull has been approximated to be 800 millimetres (31 in). It was smaller than the closely related *Daspletosaurus*, but the holotype individual was not osteologically mature at the time of death. A referred specimen, TMP 2018.016.0001, is based solely on a partial right maxilla from a subadult individual. It was found at the Twelve Mile Coulee in the upper Herronton Sandstone of the Foremost Formation. The specific name honours John and Sandra De Groot, who discovered the type specimen.
Tendaguria

Tendaguria meaning ("the Tendaguru one") is a genus of herbivorous sauropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of Tanzania.In 1911, German geologist Wilhelm Bornhardt at Nambango in German East Africa discovered two sauropod vertebrae, fifteen kilometers (nine miles) southeast of Tendaguru Hill. These were described by Werner Janensch in 1929 but not named.The finds were formally named by José Fernando Bonaparte, Wolf-Dieter Heinrich and Rupert Wild in 2000. The type species is *Tendaguria tanzaniensis* (/tænˈzeɪniːˈɛnsiːs/) Bonaparte, Heinrich & Wild 2000. The generic name refers to the Tendaguru, the area of the great German palaeontological expeditions between 1909 and 1912. The specific name was "after Tanzania, the country where the holotype was collected". The territory of present Tanzania largely coincides with that of the former German East Africa.The type specimen consists of two syntypes, MB.R.2092.1 (NB4) and MB.R.2092.2 (NB5), probably uncovered in the Upper Saurian Bed (*Obere Dinosauriermergel*), Tendaguru Series, dating from the Late Jurassic Tithonian. The specimens are two anterior dorsal vertebrae, part of the collection of the Berlin's Natural History Museum. They probably belong to the same individual, having been found at a short distance from each other.*Tendaguria* was a large sauropod from the Tendaguru fossil locality. Its length is estimated at about twenty meters (sixty-six feet). The vertebrae are opisthocoelous (convex at the front, hollow behind) and differ from other known sauropods in their very low, almost non-existent neural spines, which are not distinct bodies of bone, do not rise above the surrounding area of the neural arch and are continuous at their rear with the transverse processes, including the epipophyses. Viewed from above, the spines have the form of a low and broad transverse ridge. *Tendaguria* is thus a highly derived or apomorphic sauropod; the axial musculature probably shifted from the neural spines to the dorsal surface of the transverse processes. Other autapomorphies are: a depression in the upper part of the outer side of each prezygapophysis; deep depressions in the front side of the transverse processes combined with shallow depressions in the rear side; the possession of robust epipophyses.Due to its unique morphology, *Tendaguria* defied classification in the original description, where the authors placed it as Sauropoda *incertae sedis*, though also naming a separate Tendaguriidae. It shows a mix of basal and derived traits, indicating a position outside, respectively inside, Neosauropoda. A cervical vertebra referred to *Tendaguria* because of a similar low spine shows some similarities to *Camarasaurus*. In 2014 it was included in a cladogram generated in the redescription of *Diamantinasaurus*, where it was placed as the sister to *Wintonotitan* within Somphospondyli.
Velociraptor

Like Troodon, Velociraptor was smart for a dinosaur. Although its brain was comparatively large [though not as big as Troodon’s], the poodle size Velociraptor was one of the smallest raptor dinosaurs. Like all raptors, it had a long, stiff tail. The tail could not be raised, but it could be moved side to side. Perhaps it functioned like a rudder to help balance a running Velociraptor. Also, like other raptors, Velociraptor had one large, hooked claw on each hand and foot. Its claws were only two inches [5 cm] long, but it was fast killer with sharp little teeth. It hunted in packs and probably fed mostly on small lizards, mammals, and even baby dinosaurs and eggs.
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Texasetes

Texasetes (meaning "Texas resident") is a genus of ankylosaurian dinosaurs from the late Lower Cretaceous of North America. This poorly known genus has been recovered from the Paw Paw Formation (late Albian) near Haslet, Tarrant County, Texas, which has also produced the nodosaurid ankylosaur *Pawpawsaurus*. *Texasetes* is estimated to have been 2.5–3 m (8–10 ft) in length. It was named by Coombs in 1995.The holotype and only known specimen (USNM 337987) consists of portions of the scapulocoracoid and pelvis, elements from the fore and hind limbs, vertebrae, osteoderms, a skull fragment, and one tooth. These remains had been labelled as those of a sauropod in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution, but were many years later recognized as ankylosaurian by M.K. Brett-Surman. They were subsequently studied by ankylosaur expert Walter Preston Coombs, Jr, who named them in 1995 as the type species *Texasetes pleurohalio*. Vickaryous *et al.* (2004) and Coombs (1995) describe *Texasetes* as having a horizontally oriented ilium, an imperforate acetabulum, and "characteristically ankylosaur scapula morphology, including a prominent acromion and prespinous fossa." However, Lee (1996) has questioned whether this material is diagnostic and suggests *Texasetes* is likely a synonym of *Pawpawsaurus*. Coombs assigned the specimen to the family Nodosauridae, but Vickaryous *et al.* consider it Ankylosauria *incertae sedis*.
Mammoth

Mammoths were hairy elephants of the genus *Mammuthus*. They lived in Europe, Asia and North America until 4,500 years ago, and were adapted to cold climate. They were killed off by hunters and mainly climate change. They lived in the Pliocene and Pleistocene. In the Pleistocene, northern Eurasia and North America was covered with ice and tundra. There were a series of ice ages, which allowed the mammoths to spread across the land. Mammoth were hunted by early humans, who used spears, and cut them up with hand axes. Their frozen flesh has been analysed for its DNA sequence.
Tanycolagreus

Tanycolagreus is a genus of coelurosaurian theropod from the Late Jurassic of North America.In 1995 Western Paleontological Laboratories, Inc. uncovered the partial skeleton of a small theropod at the Bone Cabin Quarry West locality, Albany County, Wyoming, from the Salt Wash Member of the Morrison Formation, dating to the Oxfordian-Tithonian. At first the find was considered to be a specimen of *Coelurus* but subsequent study indicated it represented a species new to science, that in 2001 was announced to be named *Tanycolagreus topwilsoni*. It was actually named and described by Kenneth Carpenter, Clifford Miles and Karen Cloward in 2005. The etymology of the generic name *Tanycolagreus*, suggested by Ben Creisler, is based upon the greater length of its forelimbs and hindlimbs compared to *Coelurus*. It is derived from the Greek prefix τανυ~, *tany*~: 'long, stretched out', κῶλον, *kolon*: 'limb' and ἀγρεύς, *agreus*: 'hunter'. The specific name honors George Eugene "Top" Wilson, the father of a benefactor financially supporting the scientific research.The fossil, holotype TPII 2000-09-29, was donated to science by an anonymous benefactor. It is part of the collection of Thanksgiving Point Institute, Inc. and displayed in the North American Museum of Ancient Life at Lehi, Utah. It includes an incomplete skull and mandible (lower jaws) and much of the postcranial skeleton, i.e. the parts behind the head. The skull of *Tanycolagreus* is less well known than its postcranial anatomy, and only the following elements have been found: left nasal, left lacrimal, left premaxilla and one premaxillary tooth, left postorbital, left quadratojugal, incomplete left squamosal, right quadrate, right splenial, left articular, and two cheek teeth. A paratype has been assigned to the species: specimen AMNH 587 consisting of an incomplete hand also collected from Bone Cabin Quarry and originally in 1903 by Henry Fairfield Osborn referred to *Ornitholestes hermanni*. Two other fossils have been referred to *Tanycolagreus*: UUVP 2999, a premaxilla, originally in 1974 referred to *Stokesosaurus clevelandi*, from the Cleveland-Lloyd Quarry of Utah; and USNM 5737, a pair of distal pubes from Colorado earlier in 1920 by Charles Whitney Gilmore referred to *Coelurus*. These specimens are from the later Brushy Basin Member.*Tanycolagreus* is present in stratigraphic zone 2 of the Morrison. Remains possibly referrable to *Stokesosaurus* have been recovered from stratigraphic zone 5 of the Morrison Formation. A life restoration of *Tanycolagreus* is also on display at the North American Museum of Ancient Life, where it is portrayed as preying upon a small ornithischian dinosaur, *Othnielia rex*.
Triceratops vs Pachycephalosaurus

The battle begins with Triceratops facing off against Pachycephalosaurus. Pachycephalosaurus roars at him first (Confirmed a male as well, perhaps all dinosaurs in the tournament are males), Triceratops stomps on the ground ready to battle. Pachycephalosaurus charges in at first with Triceratops throwing it. Pachycephalosaurus is pissed. so the Triceratops charges and trying to stab Pachycephalosaurus, But he dodges. and he goes to attack, ramming each shoulder of his enemy. triceratops falls down to the ground, pretending it's dead. Pachycephalosaurus walks off unknown to it, he is still alive and charges. Pachycephalosaurus gets hit by the horns before hitting the ground, which kills it instantly. Triceratops roars in victory.
Therizinosaurus

Therizinosaurus is one of the most mysterious of all dinosaurs. We know its three foot [1 m] long claws ,but we have few other bones of this giant. At first,scientists who found the bones thought they belonged to an ancient form of turtle. Instead,Therizinosaurus was among the last and largest of a strange group of giant plant eaters descended from meat eaters. From related animals,scientists picture Therizinosaurus as a small headed,long necked, and heavyset giant. Its enormous claws would have stretched from eight foot [2.5 m] long arms.
Tarchia

Tarchia is the last and one of the largest known Asian club tailed armoured dinosaurs. It lived in what is now the Gobi desert and weighed nearly 10,000 pounds [4,536 kg]. In Tarchia’s time,the area of the Gobi was dry,but ii was not the entirely desert. There were small streams and lakes as well as sand dunes. In this environment ,Tarchia would have grazed on low growing plants,which it ground down with its small,leaf shaped teeth. Tarchia’s big skull was wider than it was long, and it was covered in bony lumps of may shapes and sizes. As strange as that skull sounds,it was similar to the bumpy skulls of armoured dinosaurs of its time from North America.
Utahraptor

Utahraptor was a huge dinosaur the size of an ice cream truck. And it was probably faster than Tyrannosaurus. Utahraptor had strong jaws full of sharp teeth and powerful legs to jump high and kick hard with enormous, sharp claws on both of its hands and its legs. Utahraptor was an early raptor dinosaur. It was also the largest of all raptors. Scientists thought that his dinosaur hunted in packs, and a discovery in 2015 backed this theory. A block of sandstone found in Utah contained at least six Utahraptor skeletons along with the parts of an iguanodontid, a plant eater. This discovery led scientists to believe that the iguanodontid may have gotten stuck in quicksand where the Utahraptors preyed upon them.
Silvisaurus

A fossil of the species was discovered in the fifties by rancher Warren H. Condray of Wells, KS. He notified senator Frank Carlson who directed him to the chancellor of the University of Kansas, Franklin David Murphy. Murphy sent the preparator of the paleontology of vertebrates department of the natural history museum of the university, Russell R. Camp, to investigate the matter. In July 1955 Camp, with help from Condray, recovered the skeleton of a dinosaur. It was further prepared by Camp and Glenn H. Marihugh. In 1961 the find was described and named by Theodore H. Eaton jr., also from the University of Kansas, as the type species *Silvisaurus condrayi*. The generic name is derived from Latin *silva*, "wood", in reference to the probably densely forested habitat of the animal. The specific name honours Condray. To date, *Silvisaurus* includes only the type species.
Titanoceratops

Titanoceratops (meaning "titanic horn face") is a controversial genus of herbivorous ceratopsian dinosaur. It was a giant chasmosaurine ceratopsian that lived in the Late Cretaceous period (Campanian stage, about 75 million years ago) in what is now New Mexico. *Titanoceratops* was named for its large size, being one of the largest known horned dinosaurs and the type species was named T. ouranos after Uranus (Ouranos), the father of the Greek titans. It was named in 2011 by Nicholas R. Longrich for a specimen previously referred to *Pentaceratops*. Longrich believed that unique features found in the skull reveal it to have been a close relative of *Triceratops*, classified within the subgroup Triceratopsini. However, other researchers have expressed skepticism, and believe "*Titanoceratops*" to simply be an unusually large, old specimen of *Pentaceratops*. The holotype specimen is OMNH 10165, a partial skeleton including a mostly complete skull and jaws, and much of the skeleton. It was found in either the upper Fruitland Formation or the lower Kirtland Formation. The original quarry is lost, so it is not known which formation the fossil was excavated from. The formations are both late Campanian in age. The skull is incomplete, but as currently reconstructed it measures 2.65 meters (8.7 ft) long, making it a candidate for the longest skull of any land animal. With an estimated weight of 6.55 tons (6.45 long tons; 7.22 short tons) and length of 6.8 meters (22.3 ft), *Titanoceratops* was comparable in size with the largest ceratopsians, *Torosaurus* and *Triceratops*, and was likely the largest animal in its ecosystem, if not in North America, at the time.
Tugulusaurus

Tugulusaurus (meaning "Tugulu lizard") is a genus of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur that belongs to the Alvarezsauria. It is known from the Early Cretaceous Tugulu Group in the Urhe area of the People's Republic of China. From 1964 dinosaur fossils were excavated in the Junggar Basin of Xinjiang. In 1973 a number of these were described by paleontologist Dong Zhiming, among them the bones of a small theropod which he named *Tugulusaurus faciles*. The generic name refers to the Tugulu Group. The specific name is derived from Latin *facilis*, here with the meaning of "easily moving", referring to the agility of the animal as indicated by its "delicate bones".The holotype, IVPP V4025 , was found in layers of the Lianmuqin Formation dating from the Barremian–Albian. It consists of a partial skeleton including four partial tail vertebrae, much of the left leg and part of the right, the first fingers of both hands, and a rib. The femur has a length of about 215 millimetres (8.5 in). The left first metacarpal is very short: 26 millimetres (1.0 in). The skeleton represents the only remains of the species that have ever been discovered. *Tugulusaurus* was originally classified by Dong in 1973 as a member of the Ornithomimidae, within the Coelurosauria. In the years that followed, the genus was often considered a *nomen dubium*. However, in 2005 Oliver Rauhut and Xu Xing concluded that it is a valid genus of basal coelurosaurian of unknown affinities. In their cladistic analysis of the newly described taxa *Bannykus* and *Xiyunykus*, Xu et al. (2018) recovered *Tugulusaurus* as a member of Alvarezsauria.
Yutyrannus

*Yutyrannus* (meaning "feathered tyrant") is a genus of proceratosaurid tyrannosauroid dinosaur which contains a single known species, *Yutyrannus huali*. This species lived during the early Cretaceous period in what is now northeastern China. Three fossils of *Yutyrannus huali*—all found in the rock beds of Liaoning Province—are currently the largest-known dinosaur specimens that preserve direct evidence of feathers. In Ark survival evovled, Yutyrannus roars to make its enemy go away
Valdosaurus

In the nineteenth century Reverend William Darwin Fox collected two small thighbones near Cowleaze Chine on the southwest coast of the Isle of Wight. In 1868 he incorrectly suggested these may have come from the same individual that had in 1848 been uncovered for Gideon Mantell as a fossil of *Iguanodon*, and which in 1869 would be named as the new genus *Hypsilophodon*. Regardless, both femora, made part of the collection of the British Museum of Natural History as specimens BMNH R184 and BMNH R185, would be commonly referred to the latter genus.
Tyrannosaurus Rex vs Phuwiangosaurus

The match begins as both T-Rex and Phuwiangosaurus are shown. T-Rex bellows and runs as Phuwiangosaurus lifts its feet up to stamp T-Rex but T-Rex jumps away. It runs again and Phuwiangosaurus whips its tail at T-Rex, who ducks. It tries to move but suddenly pulls its thigh muscle and a flashback is shown from T-Rex's fight with Gastonia, when one runs into T-Rex's thigh. It limps and Phuwiangosaurus jumps and whips its tail at T-Rex, making it fall over. Phuwiangosaurus wraps its tail around T-Rex's leg and pulls it towards the thorned canyon edge. T-Rex looks at the thorns and looks at Phuwiangosaurus, who lifts its feet and tries to stamp on it. But T-Rex puts its feet on Phuwiangosaurus's feet. Phuwiangosaurus pushes harder, making T-Rex roar in agony. Phuwiangosaurus pushes T-Rex more and more, until T-Rex roars as loud as it can. Phuwiangosaurus loses its balance and T-Rex makes it fall. T-Rex gets back up and looks at its injured thigh. It beats its leg to the ground and roars. Phuwiangosaurus gets up and whips its tail towards T-Rex, but T-Rex jumps and bites Phuwiangosaurus's tail. It jumps to the sky making Phuwiangosaurus fall to the ground. T-Rex walks towards it and Phuwiangosaurus looks with worry. T-Rex stomps on Phuwiangosaurus's head and it dies. T-Rex roars in victory.
Udanoceratops

*Udanoceratops* was first named and described by Russian paleontologist Sergei Kurzanov in 1992 and the type species is *Udanoceratops tschizhovi*. The holotype (PIN 3907/11) was collected during the 1980s at the Udan Sayr (also spelled Udyn Sayr or Üüden Sair) locality of the Djadokhta Formation in Ömnögovi Province, dating to the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous period. The generic name is derived from the name of the locality in which the holotype was found (Udan Sayr) and Greek *ceras/κέρας* meaning "horn" and *-ops/ωψ* meaning "face". *Udanoceratops* is best known from the holotype specimen, which represents a large individual comprising a large, relatively well-preserved and almost complete skull, and sparse body remains including vertebrae.
Tazoudasaurus

Tazoudasaurus is a genus of vulcanodontid sauropod dinosaurs hailing from the Early Jurassic, located in the High Atlas Mountains of Morocco in North Africa. Along with *Ohmdenosaurus* is one of the two formally described sauropods from the Toarcian of the northern hemisphere.The remains, consisting of a partial adult skeleton and associated partial juvenile skeleton found in continental detrital sediments of the Toarcian aged Azilal Formation, were described by Ronan Allain *et al.* in early 2004. The generic name derives from one of the localities, Tazouda, while the specific descriptor is a latinization of the Berber term for "slender" due to the animal's small size for a sauropod. Its fossil was found alongside that of *Berberosaurus* and an indeterminate Large Theropod.*Tazoudasaurus*, a small sauropod at 11 meters (36 feet) long, is characterized by rather primitive features such as the prosauropod-like mandible with spatulate and denticle-bearing teeth, lack of a U-shaped mandibular symphysis as other more derived sauropods. Teeth wear in V-shaped marks indicates tooth occlusion, suggesting that vulcanodontids processed food orally when feeding. The frontal and the parietal are incomplete, the former being broken anteriorly and the latter posteriorly. The neck is flexible with elongate vertebrae that lack true pleurocoels while dorsal and caudal vertebrae series tend to be more rigid. *T. naimi* bears the most complete fossil skeleton for Early Jurassic sauropod remains found to date due to the scarcity of exposed strata of that age.This sauropod is most closely related to *Vulcanodon*, differing only in caudal vertebrae features while it also possesses characters that place it outside Eusauropoda.
Timurlengia

In 2004,Russian researchers found the braincase of a small meat eating dinosaur in the desert of Central Asia. the fossil sat unidentified for several years until a team of Russian, American and British scientists realized the bone belonged to a small cousin of Tyrannosaurus. They named it Timurlengia. Timurlengia was just one quarter the size and one tenth the weight of Tyrannosaurus. Tyrannosaurs began as small meat eaters more than 145 million years ago and slowly grew larger until the giant Tyrannosaurus appeared 80 million years later. The discovery of Timurlengia fills in a 20 million year gap in the understanding of Tyrannosaurus’s history. The braincase fossil indicates Timurlengia had an unusually large brain and excellent senses of smell,sight and hearing.
Nodosaurus

This nodosaurid ankylosaur was about 4 to 6 meters (13 to 20 feet) long. It was an ornithischian dinosaur with bony dermal plates covering the top of its body, and it may have had spikes along its side as well. The dermal plates were arranged in bands along its body, with narrow bands over the ribs alternating with wider plates in between. These wider plates were covered in regularly arranged bony nodules, which give the animal its scientific name. In 2010 Paul estimated its length at 6 meters (20 feet) and its weight at 3.5 tons (3.85 short tons).
Titanoboa

Titanoboa (meaning "Titanic Boa") is an extinct genus of very large genus of snake that lived in La Guajira in northeastern Colombia during the Paleocene epoch around 60–58 million years ago.

The giant snake lived during the Middle to Late Paleocene epoch, a 10-million-year period immediately following the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event.

The only known species is *Titanoboa cerrejonensis*, the largest snake ever discovered, which supplanted the previous record holder, Gigantophis.
Tylocephale

Tylocephale (meaning "swollen head") is a genus of pachycephalosaurid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous period. It was a herbivorous dinosaur estimated to have been about 2 m (6.6 ft) in length. It had the tallest dome of any known pachycephalosaur. *Tylocephale* lived during the Campanian stage, around 74 million years ago. It was discovered in the Khulsan locality of the Barun Goyot Formation, Mongolia. Pachycephalosaurids evolved in Asia and then migrated into North America, thus it is likely that *Tylocephale* migrated back into Asia. It is closely related to *Prenocephale*.
Turiasaurus

Turiasaurus meaning ("Turia lizard") is a genus of sauropod dinosaurs. It is known from a single fossil specimen representing the species Turiasaurus riodevensis, found in the Kimmeridgian Villar del Arzobispo Formation of Teruel, Spain. *Turiasaurus* is believed to be the largest dinosaur ever found in Europe, and is among the largest dinosaurs known. It was originally estimated at 36–39 metres (118–128 ft) in length and with a weight of 40 to 48 tonnes, the combined weight of six or seven adult male elephants. More recent estimates suggest a length of 21–30 metres (69–98 ft) in length, but a comparable weight of 30 - 50 tonnes. The length of its skull is 70 centimetres, which is not too large. According to the paleontologist Luis Alcalá, this is because a larger head might have caused *Turiasaurus* to break its neck. Phylogenetic analysis shows that *Turiasaurus* lies outside of the Neosauropoda division and belongs to a new clade, Turiasauria, together with *Losillasaurus* and *Galveosaurus*. Fragmentary remains of this animal, including an articulated left forelimb (holotype), skull fragments, teeth, vertebrae and ribs, have been found in terrestrial deposits of the Villar del Arzobispo Formation of Riodeva (Teruel Province, Spain). A forelimb from Portugal. is now seen as *Zby atlanticus*. The type species, *Turiasaurus riodevensis*, was formally described by Royo-Torres, Cobos & Alcala, in 2006. In the early 2010s, excavations were made east of Madrid that uncovered the most complete fossil of such creatures in the whole world.
Yanchuanosaurus

Yanchuanosaurus is an extinct genus of metriacanthosaurid theropod dinosaur that lived in China from the Middle to Late Jurassic periods (Bathonian to Oxfordian stages), and was similar in size and appearance to its North American and European relative, *Allosaurus*. *Yangchuanosaurus* hails from the Upper Shaximiao Formation and was the largest predator in a landscape that included the sauropods *Mamenchisaurus* and *Omeisaurus* and the stegosaurs *Chialingosaurus*, *Tuojiangosaurus* and *Chungkingosaurus*. This theropod was named after the area in which was discovered, Yongchuan, in China. The type specimen of *Y. shangyouensis* had a skull 82 centimeters (2.69 ft) long, and its total body length was estimated at about 8 meters (26 ft). Another specimen, assigned to the new species *Y. magnus*, was even larger, with a skull length of 1.11 meters (3.6 ft). It may have been up to 10.8 meters (35 ft) long, and weighed as much as 3.4 metric tons (3.7 short tons). Gregory S. Paul suggested that these are the same species and gave a length of 11 meters (36 feet) and a weight of 3 metric tons (3.3 short tons). There was a bony ridge on its nose and multiple hornlets and ridges, similar to *Ceratosaurus*.
Tarascosaurus

Tarascosaurus ("Tarasque lizard") is a genus of abelisaurid, theropod dinosaur from Late Cretaceous of France.After having in 1988 identified an upper jaw bone found near Pourcieux as belonging to a member of the Abelisauridae, French paleontologist Éric Buffetaut reviewed the known remains of larger theropods found in the Late Cretaceous of Europe concluding they all were of abelisaurid affinity. Most of these fossils, earlier named as *Megalosaurus pannoniensis*, *Megalosaurus hungaricus* and *Megalosaurus lonzeensis*, he considered to be *nomina dubia* because of the paucity of the material. However, when in the collection of the University of Lyon he discovered some theropod bones once excavated by an unknown collector at an escarpment of a place named *Lambeau du Beausset*, in the "syncline of Le Beausset" (in French: *synclinal du Beausset*), Buffetaut and Jean Le Loeuff named and described these in 1991 as the type species *Tarascosaurus salluvicus*. The generic name is derived from the *Tarasque* or *Tarasca*, a devouring monster from Occitan and Spanish folklore. The specific name refers to the Salluvii, a Gallic tribe in Antiquity inhabiting the area near Marseilles.The holotype **PSL 330201** was found in the Fuvelian Beds, dating from the lower Campanian. It consists of the upper part of a thigh bone, 22 centimetres (8.7 in) long. PSL 330202, consisting of two dorsal vertebrae, was made a paratype; these bones may belong to the same individual. Referred was PSL 330203, a damaged tail vertebra. The femur, with an undamaged length estimated at 35 centimetres (14 in), indicates a body length of two and a half to three metres. Some fossils from Spain were also referred to the genus, such as specimen FSL 330202, which was estimated to be 3.1 meters long, 90 kg, and 98 cm high at the hips, making *Tarascosaurus* one of the smallest abelisaurids.In 2003 Oliver Rauhut concluded that *Tarascosaurus* itself was also a *nomen dubium* because the material was not diagnostic.*Tarascosaurus* was placed in the Abelisauridae in 1991. It was then seen as the only known abelisaurid from the Northern Hemisphere apart from *Betasuchus* of the Maastrichtian of the Netherlands. However, in 2003 Ronan Allain *et al*. concluded that the type lacked any uniquely abelisaurid traits.
Theiophytalia

Theiophytalia is a genus of herbivorous iguanodontian dinosaur from the lower Cretaceous period (Aptian-Albian stage, about 112 million years ago) of Colorado, USA. It contains a single species, T. kerri. Detailed comparisons by Brill and Carpenter (2006) also showed that the skull differed in a number of key features from that of *Camptosaurus*, namely: a longer, heavier, and more rugose snout; a wider dorsal process on the maxilla; a proportionally smaller antorbital fenestra; and stouter quadrate, with a bulbous articulation for the lower jaw. Compare the skull image with that of *Camptosaurus*. Therefore, they put it into its own genus and species. The holotype and only known specimen, YPM 1887, is a partial skull that was referred by O.C. Marsh (affirmed by Gilmore, 1909), to whom the skull was given in 1886, as that of *Camptosaurus amplus*. Gilmore used the skull to reconstruct the skull of *Camptosaurus* assuming that it came from the Morrison Formation. However, microscopic comparisons of thin-sections of the Mesozoic formations in the Garden of the Gods showed that the specimen actually came from the Lytle Member of the Purgatoire Formation; therefore, the skull was Early Cretaceous in age. The generic name is, from Greek, θειος, *theios*: "divine" + Greek φυταλία, *phytalia*: "garden", or "garden of the gods". Garden of the Gods is a park in Colorado Springs, Colorado, where a skull, the only fossil of the genus yet to be discovered, was found in 1878. The specific name *kerri* honors James Hutchinson Kerr, who found the specimen.The article describing the find classified *Theiophytalia* as intermediate in derivation between *Camptosaurus* and *Iguanodon*. The type species is *Theiophytalia kerri*. In 2010 and 2011 cladistic analyses of McDonald and colleagues, *Theiophytalia* has been recovered as a basal member of the Styracosterna and its closest relative was *Hippodraco*.
Triceratops vs Carnotaurus

The match begins during the night as we see the new arena and pans on both sides of it then zooms in on it and it's shown that huge brambles are forming a circle. Soon Triceratops and Carnotaurus are walking on the ledges until they reach the edge. Triceratops bellows and jumps into the arena and so does Carnotaurus as it roars and jumps into the arena. Both dinosaurs stare at each other and Triceratops bellows and starts charging towards Carnotaurus. Carnotaurus roars then runs towards the ceratopsian, the carnivore spins to try to hit the trike with its tail but the ceratopsian jumps over it. Soon the Triceratops notices that the Carnotaurus ran and jumps towards it, the ceratopsian jumps as well and see both dinosaurs in the air. The herbivore makes its move but the carnivore dodges it, spins around then bites on the herbivore's tail and throws the trike down. Carnotaurus falls back and rams the Triceratops with its head causing the trike to hit one of the brambles. The herbivore roars in pain and sees the carnivore running towards it, luckily the Triceratops dodges the carnivore's attack, and the herbivore seems to be struggling. We see the abelisaur roar and runs towards the ceratopsian, however the Triceratops stands on its hind legs, then turns around and is now standing with its front legs and gets its tail in position. As the Carnotaurus approaches, the Triceratops swipes its tail but the carno ducks down, yet as the carno moves its head up, the trike moves back, using its hind legs which smacks the carno's head. This causes the trike to jump back, over the carno and charges towards the carnivore and manages to use its horns to inflict an injury on the abelisaur. The Triceratops then turns around and both dinosaurs stare at each other, then both roar and run towards each other and jump into the air. While they're in the air, the Carnotaurus bites down on one of the Triceratops' horns, causing them to do flip back and both fall back down. The carnivore manages to land on its feet while the herbivore lands on its side. The Carnotaurus then runs towards the Triceratops which was trying to stand up then bites down on one of the trike's horns and starts running, dragging the Triceratops as the Carnotaurus is shown to try to ram the herbivore with the brambles. However, the Triceratops manages to use its front legs which releases the Carnotaurus' grip on it, the trike the turns around and using its back legs it kicks the Carnotaurus toward the brambles injuring it. Finally the Triceratops runs in, turns around and jumps towards the Carnotaurus, resulting in the carnivore's body to be even more severely injured, then the Triceratops jumps off and the Carnotaurus roars in pain as it then drops dead from its injuries. The Triceratops has won and walks away from its opponent's corpse and the fight has concluded.
Tianyuraptor

Tianyuraptor is a genus of short-armed dromaeosaurid dinosaur ('running lizard'; a type of small dinosaur considered to be closely related to birds) that lived during the Early Cretaceous, about 122 million years ago. Its remains have been found in western Liaoning, China. It was similar to other dromaeosaurids found in Liaoning, with the exception of being somewhat more primitive. The type specimen, formally named in 2009, shows features not seen in previously known Northern Hemisphere (Laurasian) dromaeosaurids, but present in Southern Hemisphere (Gondwanan) species and early birds. Because of this, the scientists who first studied *Tianyuraptor* described it as a "transitional species", bridging the gap between northern and southern types of dromaeosaurid. *Tianyuraptor* also differs from previously known dromaeosaurids in that it possesses a relatively small furcula ("wishbone"), and unusually short forelimbs.
Titanoboa vs Arctodus Simus

The Titanoboa was holding a Macrauchenia but the arctodus simuses bumped into him. Then the arctodus simuses bumped into themselves. But the two arctodus simuses again started fighting. Arctodus 1 threw arctodus 2 into the titanoboa. Arctodus 2 hit the arctodus 1 in head. The titanoboa wanted to hit them but they dodged. They both threw each other. Arctodus 2 kicked arctodus 1 into the titanoboa. Titanoboa waked up and hit arctodus 2. Titanoboa coiled around the bear and threw him. Then he attacked arctodus 1. The bears were now serious about the snake. The titanoboa tried to attack them but they dodged. Titanoboa tried to attack arctodus 1 but he was opening and closing the snake's mouth. Arctodus 2 tried to attack Titanoboa but he dodged. Arctodus 1 kicked the other towards Titanoboa and the bear holded the snake. Titanoboa attacked arctodus 1. He hit the arctodus 2 to the ground 3 times. Then he hit the bear on the other. Arctodus 2 opens and closes the snake's mouth. Arctodus 1 hit him. He now threw the arctodus 1 away. Arctodus 2 held the snake's tail. The snake threw him to the ground. Arctodus 1 crashed the snake's head with a rock. The snake threw him to the ground but the Titanoboa may have not won as it was most likely a draw.
Titanoceratops vs Hylaeosaurus

The battle begins with both the Titanoceratops and the Hylaeosaurus wandering into the savannah and bellowing at each other. The Titanoceratops charges toward the Hylaeosaurus, but the nodosaurid stands its ground. As the Titanoceratops is about to hit it, the Hylaeosaurus jumps out of the way, dodging the attack. The Hylaeosaurus whips its spiky tail at the ceratopsian, but the Titanoceratops blocks the attack with its crest and the nodosaur gets knocked out of the way. When the Hylaeosaurus stops spinning and comes to a halt, the Titanoceratops goes in for an overhead strike. However, the Hylaeosaurus dodges the attack a bit causing it to have two scars inflicted on the side of it's neck. When the Titanoceratops tries another charge attack, the Hylaeosaurus tries out a new attack. The Hylaeosaurus jumps into the air and curls into a ball, hitting its target and leaving a few scars on the Titanoceratops's side. Both the ceratopsian and the nodosaurid glare at each other and roar, sprinting at each other. The Hylaeosaurus tries the same tactic as before. However, this time, the Titanoceratops was prepared and used its frill and forward-bending horns to block the attack. The Titanoceratops then flings the Hylaeosaurus into the the air. The Hylaeosaurus successfully lands the fall and tries a new attack. When the Titanoceratops is about in for an attack, the Hylaeosaurus curls into a ball again, but also jumps into the air and spins, leaving a bunch of scars on the Titanoceratops's other side. The Titanoceratops roars out in pain and looks at the Hylaeosaurus, who is about to do the same attack. The Titanoceratops roars at the nodosaurid and runs straight at it. They both leap at each other and do the same attack causing them to drill through each others sides and land on the ground. The Titanoceratops collapses on the ground, seemingly defeated. The Hylaeosaurus stands for a little bit but blood gushes out of its scars making it fall down. The Titanoceratops struggles to get up with the amount of scars it has but it manages to do so. Seeing the downed Hylaeosaurus struggling to get up a perfect oppurtunity to end the fight, the Titanoceratops charges forward. Because of its wounds, the Hylaeosaurus can't get up fast enough to avoid the Titanoceratops ramming its horns into the Hylaeosaurus's underbelly and being flung into the air, laying on its back lifelessly. The Titanoceratops roars out in victory, panting heavily and having a bunch of scars around its body.
Composaurus

Compsosaurus (meaning "elegant lizard") is an extinct genus of phytosaur, a crocodile-like reptile that lived during the Triassic. Its fossils have been found in North Carolina. The type species, Compososaurus, was named by American paleontologist Joseph Leidy in 1856, although other sources say 1857. *Compsosaurus* may have been the same animal as the related *Belodon*.
Vallibonavenatrix

During the late 1980s and early 1990s, amateur fossil collector Juan Cano Forner was recovering bones from various localities in Els Ports Natural Park, located in the Province of Castellón, Spain. In one of these—the Santa Águeda locality in the town of Vallibona—he excavated numerous vertebrate remains dating to the Mesozoic era, among which were dinosaur fossils. Forner housed these fossils in a private collection at Sant Mateu, which the Generalitat Valenciana acknowledged as a museographic collection in 1994. In 2007, the Spanish palaeontologist Fernando Gómez-Fernández and colleagues published a provisional description on the pelvis of a theropod from Forner's collection. Further fossils from the same specimen included a cervical (neck) vertebra, six dorsal (back) vertebrae, an almost complete sacrum, fragments of neurapophyses, four caudal (tail) vertebrae, ten partial ribs and rib fragments, three incomplete chevrons, an almost complete left ilium (main hip bone), fragments of the ventral part of a right ilium, incomplete right and left ischia (lower and rearmost hip bone), and a fragment interpreted as belonging to the proximal part of a pubis (pubic bone).
Ziapelta

*Ziapelta* is an extinct genus of ankylosaurid. Its fossils have been found in the Hunter Wash and De-na-zin members of the Kirtland Formation of Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) New Mexico. It was named in 2014, in a research paper lead by ankylosaur researcher Victoria Arbour. There is a single species in the genus, *Ziapelta sanjuanensis.* The genus is named after the Zia sun symbol, a stylized sun with four groups of rays, having religious significance to the Zia people of New Mexico, and the iconic symbol on the state flag of New Mexico, and *pelta* (Latin), a small shield, in reference to the osteoderms found on all ankylosaurids. The specific name is in reference to San Juan County and the San Juan basin, where the fossils were found. Multiple specimens have been described to date, though the fossils are mostly from the front part of the animal.
Tsaagan

Tsaagan (meaning "white") is a genus of dromaeosaurid dinosaur from the Djadokhta Formation of the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. The holotype of *Tsagaan* was discovered in 1996 and first identified as a specimen of *Velociraptor*. After a CAT-scan in May 1998 it was concluded that it represented a new genus. In December 2006 its type species was named and described by Mark Norell, James Clark, Alan Turner, Peter Makovicky, Rinchen Barsbold and Timothy Rowe. The species name, *Tsaagan mangas*, should be read as a whole with the generic name qualifying the specific epithet, and is derived from the Mongolian words for "white monster" (цагаан мангас), although with an accidental misspelling of the word Tsagaan. The holotype specimen, **IGM 100/1015'*, was found near Xanadu in Ömnögovi Province in layers of the Djadokhta Formation dating to the Campanian, about 75 million years ago. It consists of a well-preserved skull and series of ten neck vertebrae as well as a damaged left shoulder girdle. It is the only specimen found of* Tsaagan *and belonged to an adult individual.* Tsaagan *was a medium-sized dromaeosaurid. In 2010 Gregory S. Paul estimated its length at 2 metres (6.6 ft), its weight at 15 kilograms (33 lb). The skull in general appearance resembles that of* Velociraptor *but differs from it in many details. It is more robust and smooth on top; unique derived traits, autapomorphies, include long paroccipital processes and basipterygoids at the back of the skull and a jugal touching the squamosal.* Tsaagan *is a member of the group Dromaeosauridae. A cladistic analysis by Norell* et al. *originally indicated it was more precisely a member of the Velociraptorinae. In 2010 an analysis showed it was closely related to* Linheraptor*; subsequently Senter (2011) and Turner, Makovicky and Norell (2012) argued that* Linheraptor exquisitus *is in fact a junior synonym of* Tsaagan mangas*. Xu, Pittman* et al*. (2015) reject this synonymy by responding to the counterarguments proposed using new and existing details of* Linheraptor**s anatomy. *Tsaagan* represents the only dromaeosaurid remains (other than isolated teeth) known from the Ukhaa Tolgod region, though another dromaeosaurid, *Velociraptor*, is known from the same formation. Animals that may have shared the same habitat with *Tsaagan* include *Protoceratops*, *Shuvuuia*, the small mammal *Zalambdalestes*, the multituberculate mammal *Kryptobaatar*, as well as several lizards and two yet-undescribed species of troodontid and dromaeosaurid. Below are the results for the Eudromaeosauria phylogeny based on the phylogenetic analysis performed by Currie and Evans in 2019.