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Thing XD 2000 Wiki

**Welcome to the Thing XD 2000 Wiki!**
We're a collaborative community website about Thing XD 2000 that anyone, including you, can build and expand. Wikis like this one depend on readers getting involved and adding content. Click the "ADD NEW PAGE" or "EDIT" button at the top of any page to get started!

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Puertovision (Zedox)

## 1985-1991

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## 2014-2020

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六一共产党中央政治局常务委员会

**六一共产党中央政治局常务委员会**，简称**六共中央政治局常委会**，是六一共产党最高权力机关的常设机关，实际上也是六一人民共和国的最高决策机关，由中央委员会全体会议选举产生。其成员（**六一共产党中央政治局常务委员会委员**，简称**六共中央政治局常委**）是六一共产党和六一人民共和国的最高领导层。目前中央政治局常委由第十二届中央委员会第一次全体会议和第十二届中央委员会第二次全体会议选举产生，由杨文涛、汪韩康钰、李柏煜、胡永平、林凡、邓维仁、常秋实、黄牧凡八位常委组成中央政治局常委会，其中杨文涛和黄牧凡在2007年六共九届一中全会上首次当选，另外五人在2021年六共十二届一中全会上当选常委。

职权
--

六共中央政治局常务委员会从1951年7月一届一中全会开始设立。从三大起，又称六共中央政治局常务委员会，原来的八大书记全部当选政治局常委。此后仍有六共中央书记处，但只是处理日常事务机构或办事机构。

《六一共产党章程》规定中央政治局和它的常务委员会在中央委员会全体会议闭会期间行使中央委员会的职权。虽然并未单独规定常委会的职权，但基于《六一人民共和国宪法》规定六一共产党领导国家，而党的中央委员会是党的最高领导机关，因此中央政治局及其常务委员会，是领导六一共产党与六一人民共和国具有最高权力的日常机构，是党和国家的双重权力核心，其成员包括党、政、军等各方面的最高负责人。

2020年六共十一大之后，六共中央政治局全体委员和常委都要向六共中央总书记述职。

根据《六一共产党中央委员会工作条例》，中央政治局常务委员会贯彻执行全国代表大会和中央委员会的决议、决定，组织实施中央政治局制定的方针政策，行使以下职权：

1. 处理党中央日常工作。
2. 研究讨论关系党和国家事业发展全局的重大问题和事项并提出意见，提交中央政治局审议。
3. 研究决定党和国家工作中的重大问题和事项。
4. 对重大突发性事件作出处置决定和工作部署。
5. 听取中央书记处工作报告和中央纪律检查委员会（国家监察委员会）、全国人大主席团党组、国务院党组、全国政协党组、最高人民法院党组、最高人民检察院党组等的工作汇报。
6. 按照有关规定推荐、提名、任免干部；决定对有关党的领导干部的处理处分事项。

研究决定其他应当由中央政治局常务委员会决定的重大问题和事项。

成员
--

在常委会人选问题上，按照党章，作为六共中央主要负责人的六一共产党中央委员会总书记必须从中央政治局常委中产生，同时位列常委首席，召开并主持常务会议。但按照惯例，历任国务院总理实际上也必定由中央政治局常委担任。其它重要职务的担任者，包括六一人民共和国主席、全国人大主席团主席、中央军委主席、全国政协主席、六共中央书记处排名第一的书记、六共中央纪委书记（除十一届六中全会-十二大召开的短暂时间）、国务院排名第一的副总理，在多数情况下由政治局常委担任。另外，六共九大至六共十二大召开前的党章中曾设有六一共产党中央委员会副书记一职，任此职者皆为六共中央政治局常委。副书记在党内的排名仅次于中央委员会总书记，高于其它非党副书记的常委。十二大通过的党章废除了副书记的设置，还规定六共中央军事委员会主席、六共中央顾问委员会主任和六共中央纪委书记这三个职务的担任者必须从中央政治局常委中产生，六共元老杨文涛除担任总书记和国家主席外和另一位元老黄牧凡分别担任了这几个要职。

## 政治排名与决策机制

六共中央政治局常委是六一共产党和六一人民共和国政府的最高层领导人，级别为“国家级正职”（正国级）。六一人民共和国建国后的政治局常委名单的顺序一般按资历和职位排列，反映其在党和政府的地位，在正式场合的出席名单等很少发生次序更迭，故常有党内第几把手的说法。不过，常委的排名一般由党内资历和地位决定，因此有时候不一定与任职者官职的高低挂钩，人数也不一定是单数，例如在六共十二大选出的八位常委，身为六共中央总书记的杨文涛名列第一，任职中央顾问委员会主任、中央党校校长的黄牧凡排名第二（在部分场合，绝大部分时间是排在第八），任职国务院总理的汪韩康钰排名第二（有时会随着场合的变化而变化，绝大部分时间是排在第二，仅次于中央委员会总书记杨文涛）

中央政治局常务委员会会议一般定期召开（每周一次），遇有重要情况可以随时召开。会议议题由中央委员会总书记确定。中央政治局常务委员会会议应当有半数以上中央政治局常务委员会委员到会方可召开。根据需要，可以安排有关人员列席会议。中央政治局常务委员会会议在决定问题时应当经过充分讨论，涉及多个事项的应当逐项进行讨论和决定。常委会在重大问题表决上采取简单多数制，每个常委的表决权并不因其职务或资历的高低而有所区别。六一共产党第十一届中央政治局常委会委员名单

## 六共第十一届中央政治局常委名单（一中全会-六中全会）

注：由于政治运动影响 黄牧凡于六共十二大召开前夕辞去中央政治局常委职务 此处为六共十一届六中全会召开时的名单
TZR (Zedox)

## 1944

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## 1946

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## 1948

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## 1950

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## 1952

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## 1954

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## 1956

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## 1958

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## 1960

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KarmaFighterz.io Wiki

# **Hi! Welcome to the main island!**

## **I. How to play:**

**1. Summon hostile monsters to collect treasures and weapons. Become the strongest fighter by exploring the environment and the best strategies!**

**2. Basic Controls:**

- W, A, S, D to move.

- G and E to drop and pick up items.

- Z to confirm actions.

- P to spectate. R to split items.

- C to auto use shovel.

- Enter to chat with players.

**3. Tips for new players:**

- **Combat basics:** both short melee and long melee weapons hit several enemies at once. Long-range items deal more damage but only for the target monster.

- **Item descriptions:** when you collect a chest you have to wait a few minutes before opening it. Place the mouse cursor over any item in your inventory to see more information.

- **Tough enemies:** ghosts and flying monsters require specific weapons to be defeated. Try collecting different kinds of items. Modify resources to advance in the game.

- **Hunger and health:** be careful with your hunger bar. You can lose your regeneration or even starve. Always try to carry some food in your backpack, located at the bottom right of your screen.

- **Experience and levels:** earn experience to increase your force by defeating monsters and exploring the game. You can find different rarities of monsters and items.

- **Game progress:** each time you exit the game, your stuff will be saved and reloaded when you log in. Explore and try to discover all the secrets! Stay tuned, and enjoy the game!

**Click here to play game now!**

**Join our discord server.**
Diamonds

Description: Use the Diamond to purchase items in the Mysterious Man shop.

Diamonds are a item that is a key ingredient to the Diamond Set, having a value at 250 each diamond, making it extremely/very valuable for new to intermediate players. Diamonds can be obtainable by:

* Chance to craft them using a rock on the Iron Anvil
* Killing the special boss, giving around 50-70 each time
* KIlling the Diamond Minion which will give 1 or 2 diamonds on death
* Killing the Diamond Golem which will give 25-35 diamonds on death

* Buying a stack using 1 Emerald

Note: You can grind diamonds and exp moderately if you use nukes at a excessive rate on Diamond Golems
Iron

Description: Use the Iron to purchase items in the Explorer's shop.

Iron is a item that has the rarity: Special Item, and has a value of 50. It can come in stacks of 125 and can be used for:

* The Compass
* The Shovel

Iron only has 3 ways to be obtained, being:

* Killing the special boss, dropping 50-70 on death
* Using rocks on the iron ingot for a chance to recieve on
* Killing the secret Eggbot boss
Emerald Hammer/Crossbow

Emerald Hammer

Description: The Emerald Hammer is a long-range melee weapon.

Hits per second: 2

Damage per sec: 437

Knockback Force per sec: 4900

The Emerald hammer is a long range melee weapon that can easily devastate weak/moderate monsters. It is the best craft melee weapon due to its shear damage multiplier if you are a high level, and have any potions that increase damage. It has a value of 500 and requires 10 emeralds and a sledge hammer in order to craft. You need to use the gold anvil to craft it.

Emerald crossbow

Description: The Emerald Crossbow is a long-range melee weapon.

Chance of critical damage: 5%

Hits per second: 4

Damage per sec: 456

Knockback Force per sec: 0

The emerald crossbow is a long rage melee weapon that wreaks havoc on golems of all types easily. The only downside is its knowback force being empty, but makes up for that in damage, especially with the critical damage. It is the sidegrade to the emerald hammer. Obtain this weapons by crafting the Emerald Hammer into a Emerald Crossbow using the gold anvil.
Gold

Description: Use the Gold to fabricate gold items on the Crafting Table.

Gold is a item with the rarity of: Special, and having the value of 50. It can be turned into one of the 4 gold items on the iron anvil:

* Golden toilet paper
* Golden trophy
* Gold Stone

* Gold Coin

Gold can be easily obtained by intermediate players, being able to be obtained by one of the options below

* Possibly craft one using a rock at the iron anvil
* Killing the special boss, dropping 50-70 average on death
* Killing a gold minion, dropping 1-2 gold on death
* Killing a gold golem, dropping 20-35 gold on death
New Animals of the United States Wiki

**Welcome to the New Animals of the United States Wiki!**
We're a collaborative community website about New Animals of the United States that anyone, including you, can build and expand. Wikis like this one depend on readers getting involved and adding content. Click the "ADD NEW PAGE" or "EDIT" button at the top of any page to get started!

## Important articles

PlaceholderA page about your topicPlaceholderA Main CharacterPlaceholderThe First EpisodePlaceholderAn Important LocationPlaceholderA Key EventPlaceholderA Crucial Item

*Need help building out this community?*

* Rules of this wiki
* Getting Started
* How to Contribute
* Managing your new community
* Guides
* All Help articles

You can also be part of the larger Fandom family of communities. Visit Fandom's Community Central!

*Community Founders*: Write a good and paragraph-length description for your welcome section about your topic. Let your readers know what your topic is about and add some general information about it. Then you should visit the admin dashboard for more tips.
Scrapped Costumes

Although there are 20 costumes in Luna's Masked Singer, some costumes were scrapped for various reasons. This is a list of all the scrapped costumes in Luna's Masked Singer.

## Sea Bunny (Season 1)

Luna wanted to put a Sea Bunny in Group C, but realized it would be too hard to make on PowerPoint. She was replaced by Rabbit and might make an appearance in Season 2.

## Grenades (Season 1)

At first Luna thought it would be a good idea to put the Grenades in, but Grenades seemed too violent so they were replaced by Firecracker.

## Thylacine (Season 1 Reboot)

Thylacine was a contestant from the original Season 1. He was going to be put into the reboot but there was a similar costume competing in TMSC, so he got scrapped.
God Experience potions

God Experience Potions

Description: Drink the God's Experience Potion to increase your experience.

Consume bonuses:

Experience: 1000000

The God Experience potions, nicknames god pots, are massive potions that give you 1,000,000 exp every click, using up one potion. They have a value of 7950 and its rarity: God Item. God pots can be stacked up to 25, and are mainly used to gain experience when less than lev 18, and beyond that usually used to spawn special or elder bosses. These can be obtained by:

* Killing the Shadow boss, having a high chance to drop some (5-10)
* Killing the Elder boss, granting on average 2 stacks
Chests

There are 5 known chests in the game that all serve a purpose: to reward something at opening when the cooldown has finished.

Common chest:

Rarity: Common, duh

Description: Unlocks after 2 minutes in your inventory. Possible items: Gold Treasures, Wood Helmet, Ghost Helmet, Hemocyanin Blood, Flatulence Sphere and Monster Poop.

Value: 5

The common chest is the first chest that has a rarity of: Common item. It is, as the name and rarity states, a very common and the most common chest. There are 3 known ways to obtain them, including:

* Buying it from the Cowboy's shop
* Getting them from Common which may spawn on death
* Digging it using a shovel at the treasure island

Uncommon chest:

Rarity: Uncommon, duh

Description: Unlocks after 3 minutes in your inventory. Possible items: Gold Treasures, Soldier Helmet, Lava Helmet, Monster Snot, Fearful Explosive and Dragon Pearl.

Value: 20

The uncommon chest is a chest that, which is actually pretty common, the second most common chest of the chain, being able to give items that are slightly useful, such as pearls or gold treasures. There are only 2 ways of obtaining them, including:

* Getting them from "uncommon enemies" which may spawn on death
* Digging it using a shovel at the treasure island

Rare chest:

Rarity: Rare, duh

Description: Unlocks after 4 minutes in your inventory. Possible items: Gold Treasures, Iron Helmet, Life Helmet, Monster Tears, Tinker Octagon and Stone of Life.

Value: 50

The rare chest is a chest that is more of a uncommon then a rare. There are 2 ways of obtaining them, including:

* Dropping from "rare" monsters, with a chance on death
* Digging one up at the treasure island using a shovel

God Chest

Rarity: God, duh

Description: Unlocks after 180 minutes in your inventory.

Guaranteed prize: infinite experience.
Value: 7950

The God Chest is the most valuable chest in the game. The catch, however, is that it doesn't give any items, but instead a single level. There are only 2 ways to obtain it, which is:

* Killing the shadow for a small chance to get it
* Killing the Elder Boss, giving a medium chance to get it.
Amethyst

Description: Use the Amethyst to purchase items in the Explorer's shop.

Amethyst is a item with the rarity: Special Item. They can come in stacks of 125 and have a value of 50. Amethyst is used for many things, including:

* Gambling the Statue Of Shaggy
* Gambling the Statue of Eggman
* Trading one stack or "pack" for 500k exp in attempt to gain a level

Amethyst is used to craft a bunch of things, including:

* The Compass
* The Boat
* Luck Potions
* The Shovel
* The Island Map
* Luck potions
Season 1 (TMS: Luna Edition)

Season 1 of The Masked Singer: Luna Edition premiered on TBA.

## Trivia

* The decision to make this season was made via a poll on The Masked Singer Wiki.
	+ Since the majority of users voted "Yes", this season was able to exist.
* This season has been cancelled due to the creator distancing herself from The Masked Singer Wiki
Golden Items

Golden Items are, well, items that are used to buy golden gear from the Wizards shop. You can achieve one of these items by digging it up or These are the known item's that are golden.

Gold Coin

Rarity: Epic

Description:

Use the Gold Coin to purchase items in the Wizard's shop.

Value: 5

The Gold Coin is a item that you can use to buy the golden helmet. It can come in 5-10 when making or digging it, and can stack up to 1000.

Gold Trophy

Rarity: Epic Item

Description: Use the Gold Trophy to purchase items in the Wizard's shop.

Value: 50

The Gold trophy is a item that you can use to buy the Power Potion or Nuclear Grenade. It can come in 1-2 when making or digging it, and can stack up to 125.

Gold Toilet Paper

Rarity: Epic Item

Description: Use the Gold Toilet Paper to purchase items in the Wizard's shop.

Value: 20

The Gold Toilet Paper is a item that can be used to buy The Gold Sword. It can come in 2-4 when making or digging it and can go to a stack of 250

Gold stone

Rarity: Epic Item

Description: Use the Gold Stone to purchase items in the Wizard's shop.

Value: 10

The Gold stone is a item that can be used to buy The Golden Staff. It can come in 3-4 when digging or crafting it and can go to a stack of 500
Bomxer

**Bomxer** is a common fire elemental doodle dood and he is the first earned dood

Stats
 **Second Attack:** Barrel o' Boom
 **Supa Power:** Super Speed

## No Cap Facts

1. Bomxer's name is Bomber and Boxer combined
2. Bomxer's second attack is named after a Brawl Stars character's attack
3. Bomxer was made on June 8 2021

## Mechanics

One, Two Punch is just Bomxer throwing 2 punches in a straight line

Barrel o' Boom is Bomxer rolling an explosive barrel straight ahead that instantly explodes whenever it hits a wall or an enemy
Shops

There are multiple shops in the game, being 4 in the game, 3 at the spawn island and 1 at the treasure island. They are used to purchase items, each having a level requirement in order to shop from there. Here are the listed shop that are available right now

Cowboy's shop

For sale:

Stale bone. Price: 1 Bloody spine and 25 speed potions

Stinky liver. Price: 1 Junior Bat and 25 hunger potions

Common Chest. Price: 25 Slime Eyeballs and 25 Fresh Brain

Energetic Artifact. Price: 1 Slime Guts and 25 Health Potion

Monster Poop. Price: 1 Cursed Potato and 25 Experience Potions

Explorer's Shop

For Sale:

Compass. Price: 5 Amethyst, 1 Iron, and 1 rope

Boat. Price: 5 Amethyst, 5 Wood Log's, and 1 Rope

Luck Potion. Price: 5 Amethyst, 10 Rage potion's and 1 gold.

Shovel. Price: 5 Amethyst, 1 Iron, and 1 wood log

Island Map. Price: 5 amethyst, 5 Fabric, and 1 Rope

Wizard's Shop

For Sale:

Power Potion. Price: 75 Gold Trophy's and 3 Stone's of Life

Gold Helmet. Price: 1000 Gold Coin's and 1 Iron Helmet

Nuclear Grenade. Price: 75 Gold Trophy and 3 Monster Pearl's

Gold Staff. Price: 500 Gold Stone and 1 Elder Bat

Gold Sword. Price: 250 Gold Toilet Paper and 1 Iron Sword

Mysterious Man's Shop

For Sale:

Diamond Staff. Price: 125 Diamond's and 1 Gold Staff.

Rock. Price: 50 Diamond's.

Diamond Scythe. Price: 125 Diamond's and 1 Gold Sword.

Diamond. Price: 1 Emerald.

Stone of Life: Price: 3 Emeralds.

Diamond Shield: Price: 125 Diamond's and 25 Rage Potion's.

Monster Poop. Price: 25 Diamond's.

Monster Pearl. Price: 125 Diamond's.

Fire Resistance Potion. Price: 25 Diamond's and 25 Fabric.

Magic Key. Price: 25 Diamond's and 25 Wood Log's.
Hiili

**Hiili** on yksi Minecraftin esineistä.

## Hankkiminen

Hiilimalmi on erittäin yleinen malmi, jota esiintyy suurissa määrin maan alla. Jos tämän malmin hajottaa hakulla, jossa ei ole silkkinen kosketus-lumousta, hiili putoaa. Hiilimalmia ei voi hakata nyrkillä.

## Käyttö

**Craftaus**

->  Soihtu x4
Hiiltä käytetään erittäin yleisesti myös polttoaineena, sillä se voi sulattaa huomattavasti suuremman määrän esineitä/kuutioita kuin esimerkiksi lankku (8).
Emeralds

Description: Use the Emerald to craft the Hammer of Impossibility.

Emeralds are a extremely valuable items (Very valuable for pros and veterans), and can stack up to 10 per stack. One of the diamond items in the Diamond Set is needed to craft one. Emeralds are mostly only crafted, and the only way to obtain emeralds without crafting any of them is by killing the Secret eggbot boss, which will drop 3 on drop.

Emeralds are used for many useful things, all using the Gold Anvil. They including the following:

* Emerald hammer, aka The Hammer Of Impossibility
* The hunger totem
* The veterans boat
* Invincibility potions
* Intangibility totem
Shaman Staff

The Shaman Staff is a healing item that can be used in both the main and off hand

Right clicking while holding the shaman staff and having mana in your inventory will heal 8 health points (4 hearts) and grant regeneration 2 for 5-10 seconds depending on armour level (5 seconds in full diamond/netherite, 10 seconds while naked). Using this effect consumes 2 mana. This effect has a 15 second cooldown

The staff deals similar melee damage to a wooden sword but its strongly recommended not to use this item as a melee weapon as it will waste durability needed for it's healing effect

This item is crafted using orc teeth, found by killing orc fighters and shamans, there is a small chance for shamans to drop a damaged version of this item.

This item can be repaired using orc teeth.

Crafting:
Niall

* 1854
* 1855

19 (Y1855)

20 (Y1856)

29 (Y1865)

33 (Y1869)

64 (Y1900)

74 (Y1910)

94 (Y1930)

99 (Y1935)

114 (Y1950)

141 (Y1977)

164 (Y2000)

1149 (Y2985)

### Physical Scars

Halfway down right arm, gained from fighting Prometheus at Stormwall.Across left side of body, gained after final fight with Durza.

## Magic Information

### Variant

Aether

"I have my 3 Minds. I have Lightning, Fire and Light magic. But what now? Nearly everyone's dead, and it looks hopeless from here. I'm going on to face the most powerful wizard in the entire world. I came into this world 3 years ago, and I've learnt many things. Including when to back down from a battle I cant win. My entire body is screaming at me to go, that I will die in this fight. But this is a fight I wont back down from.

-Niall to Trigno in *"Standing in the Rain"*
Luna's Masked Singer Wiki

**Welcome to the Luna's Masked Singer Wiki!**
The official wiki for the Masked Singer show made by The Overrated Pikachu (otherwise known as Dynamite). Note that this is actually a fan show on the main Masked Singer Wiki

We're a collaborative community website about Luna's Masked Singer that anyone, including you, can build and expand. Wikis like this one depend on readers getting involved and adding content. Click the "ADD NEW PAGE" or "EDIT" button at the top of any page to get started!

## Important articles

PlaceholderA page about your topicPlaceholderA Main CharacterPlaceholderThe First EpisodePlaceholderAn Important LocationPlaceholderA Key EventPlaceholderA Crucial Item

*Need help building out this community?*

* Rules of this wiki
* Getting Started
* How to Contribute
* Managing your new community
* Guides
* All Help articles

You can also be part of the larger Fandom family of communities. Visit Fandom's Community Central!

*Community Founders*: Write a good and paragraph-length description for your welcome section about your topic. Let your readers know what your topic is about and add some general information about it. Then you should visit the admin dashboard for more tips.
Baby Duck Plushie

* Front
* Pair
* Detail
* Label
* Cuddle

Baby Duck Plushie is a plush of Baby Duck.

## Description

This is the description in the shop section of the Kurzgesagt website.

Contrary to popular belief, puppies and kittens aren’t actually the cutest of the animal babies. Recent, very reputable studies have found that ducklings are far superior in cuteness to any furry baby animal. Just look at it! Lucky for you, this fluffy duckling is looking for a new home. So add it to your cart to bring superior cuteness to your life.
YouTube House

The house for the YouTube Channel

## General Information

YouTube House is what appears to be a planet in space. It is only shown in the YouTube section of the Kurzgesagt website. It also appears to be the house for everything that is on YouTube. This is where they do their research, test stuff, and make videos.

## Look

it is an earthy planet, but instead of green grass and leaves, they are purple. Some plants are also blue plants, and pink fungi. The houses are yellow, with an exception of one red house. It looks very small, unless it is not to scale. There is a huge flower near the planet, with a house.

## Location

The YouTube House probably lives in the Solar System, with another planet, the Agency House.
Io

## General information

Io, or Jupiter I, is the closest and third largest of the four Galilean moons of Jupiter. Slightly larger than the Moon, Io is the fourth largest moon in the Solar System. It was discovered in 1610 by Galileo Galilei and was named after the mythological character Io, a priestess of Hera who became one of Zeus's lovers.

With over 400 active volcanoes, Io is the most geologically active object in the Solar System. This is because of the gravity between Jupiter and the other Galilean moons, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto. Io's surface is also scattered with more than 100 mountains that have been raised by the intense compression of the crust. Some of these peaks are taller than Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth's surface. Unlike most moons in the outer Solar System, which are mostly composed of water ice, Io is primarily composed of silicate rock surrounding a molten iron or iron sulfide core.
Season 1 (Reboot)

Season 1 of the reboot of Luna's Masked Singer premiered on the 8th of August, 2021.

## Trivia

This is the first season to:

- Feature a contestant from another version of the official show (Tori Kelly as Tinamou)

- To have contestants using motorized wheelchairs (TBA as Slug and Sooz Kempner as Volcano)

- To have a non-competing costume (TBA as Cluelien)

- To have wildcard contestants.

* This season lasts longer than the original.
Saturn

## General information

Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second largest planet in our solar system. Saturn is known for its large rings. While not being the only planet in the solar system with rings, Saturn has the most complex and visible rings. As of June 8, 2023, Saturn has 146 moons in its orbit, with others continually awaiting confirmation of their discovery and official naming, making it the planet with the most moons in the system.

Scientists believe the rings of the planet formed during the Jurassic Ages of Earth, or around 65 million years ago. The planet is named for the Roman god of agriculture and wealth, who was also the father of Jupiter.

Saturn is nine times wider than Earth, and has a radius of 36,183.7 miles.

### Explorations

Multiple spacecrafts have travelled to or past Jupiter.

* Pioneer 11
* Voyager 1
* Voyager 2
* Ulysses
* Cassini-Hyugens

### Moons

* Titan
* Enceladus
* Mimas
* Iapetus
* Dione
* Tethys
* Pan
* Rhea
* Epimetheus
* Hyperion
* Phoebe
* Daphnis
* Pallene
* Narvi
* Janus
* Erriapus
* Ijiraq
* Kiviuq
* Telesto
* Methone
* Pandora
* Paaliaq
* Albiorix
* Mundilfari
* Bebhionn
* Hati
* Aegaeon
* Anthe
* Ymir
* Fenrir
* Bestla
* Polydeuces
* Fornjot
* Aegir
* Hyrrokkin
* Loge
* Jarnsaxa
* Farbauti
* Bergelmir
* Tarvos
* Siarnaq
* Skathi
* Thrymr
* Suttungr
* Prometheus
* Atlas
* Calypso
* S/2006 S 1
* Greip
* S/2007 S 2
* Saturn LVIII
Lactose

* 1
* 2

## General Information

Not to be confused with Lactase, Lactose is hot pink, and a heart shape. The only video with Lactose is "Milk. White Poison or Healthy Drink?" The narrator of Kurzgesagt nicknamed it "Milk-Sugar." It is in milk, and is killed by Lactase

## Look(s)

Lactose is pink and hot pink. There also seems to be very light mint and baby blue lactose, seen in the distance at 1:43-1:54. Each and every lactose is a heart shape, with Pink Lactose being a wider heart, and very light mint and baby blue being very round.
Is Meat Really that Bad?

* Love
* Hate

## General Information

Is Meat Really that Bad? is Kurzgesagt – In a Nutshell's 151st video. The video discusses the reasons for our infatuation with meat, the meat production sector, and how it affects global temperatures. On November 30, 2021, it was uploaded to the English channel.

One major source of emissions is food. Two sixths of all greenhouse gas emissions caused by humans are related to food production. In terms of emissions, the worst food is meat, particularly beef. However, the subject is difficult to study and the truth is nuanced.

### Description

The first 1,000 people to use this link will get a 1 month free trial of Skillshare:

https://skl.sh/kurzgesagtinanutshell1...

Sources & further reading:
https://sites.google.com/view/sources...

Food is arguably the best thing about being alive. No other bodily pleasure is enjoyed multiple times every day and never gets old. It is an expression of culture, our parents' love and a means of celebration or comfort. That’s why it hits a special nerve when we are told we should change what and how we eat to fight rapid climate change. One of the most delicious foods, meat, gets the worst press. It doesn’t help that the topic is really hard to properly research yourself and debates get emotional quickly. But clearly science can give us an answer!

The reality is, well, it’s complicated. Let’s take a look at three climate arguments against meat that are used a lot and see what happens.

Show more/less
### Video Explanation

The food is excellent. But food also contributes significantly to emissions. In terms of emissions, the worst food is meat, particularly beef. Our diets have an impact on climate change. It is impossible to feed everyone on the planet without emitting. Of all emissions produced by humans, 26% come from the food industry. Potatoes create 150 times less CO2 than meat, which produces 71 kg per kilogram. One kilogram of beef, however, would probably keep you alive longer than one kilogram of potatoes. Thus, meat is still necessary in our diets.

Purchasing locally has less of an effect on food emissions than the kind of food you eat. Purchasing locally only makes up 2% of the emissions from beef, even if you want to eliminate transportation-related emissions. Additionally, 1 kg of avocados sent from Brazil to Europe emits 0.3 kg of CO2, compared to at least 18 kg of CO2 from local butcher beef.

Even though cows graze on terrain that humans are unable to utilize for agriculture, such as grasslands, grass alone cannot maintain all cows, and only 13 percent of meat output comes from them. Growing crops and feeding them to the cows is the only method to meet the demand for meat. Additionally, the land these crops occupy causes deforestation. Thus, this is only ineffective.

### Characters

* Category:Birds
* Earth (character)
Lactase

Lactase is spiky, yellow, and blue

## General Information

not to be confused with lactose, lactase is in the human body, and is made to destroy lactose, making them enemies. The video states that slowly, there is less of it when a person grows up, and some don't have it, making them lactose intolerant. It is only in the video, "Milk. White Poison or Healthy Drink?"

## Look

It is cone-shaped with a pointy needle at the bottom. It is yellow with a blue overlay at the head. It's eyes are oval, and is horizontal, which is odd, because everything else's eyes are vertical.

## Abilities

They can attack, but specifically attack lactose. In the video, it says it does this so babies can digest milk without having trouble with lactase. They go in groups of 3-5.
Dinge Erklärt – Kurzgesagt

## Associates

* Tim Urban, Template:Aka Wait But Why
* Jake Roper, Template:Aka Vsauce3
* Derek Muller, Template:Aka Veritasium
* CGP Grey

## General Information

Dinge Erklärt – Kurzgesagt is the German version of Kurzgesagt – In a Nutshell, reuploading most of the original videos in the German language.

### Subscribers

Dinge Erklärt – Kurzgesagt has 1.59 million views.

### Views

Dinge Erklärt – Kurzgesagt has 152,664,445 million views.

### Owner

The owner of Dinge Erklärt – Kurzgesagt is Philipp Dettmer.

## History

Dinge Erklärt – Kurzgesagt was made in January 16, 2014 to reupload the original English videos to translated German versions.
Variola Virus

An image of a Variola Virus

## General Information

Variola is a virus that is responsible for smallpox, a contagious virus that gives fever and rashes.

## Look

It is oval shaped with tentacles. It is purple in color with lime eyes and dots, as well as teal lips and dots. Their teeth are orange.

## History

Even though the Variola Virus has unknown origins, it is presumed to exist for at least 3,000 years. The first writing of a disease like smallpox was found in ancient China.

### Spread

It is presumed that the Variola Virus's smallpox was spread due to exploration and growth of civilization.
Mochi

The Kurzgesagt Organization has been working on developing a space shuttle capable of transporting members of the organization to Mars and other planets in the solar system. The space shuttle will be equipped with advanced capabilities for interstellar travel, allowing it to journey through space and explore uncharted worlds. It will be stocked with supplies and equipment to ensure the survival of the crew, and will have the capability to carry out scientific research and study of the planets that it visits. The space shuttle will be the cornerstone of the Kurzgesagt organization's extraterrestrial exploration program, and will pave the way for future missions and discoveries.

## Mochi

* Real Life
* Website

## Kurzgesagt info

### Avatar colors

∎ #332B45
 ∎ #474154
 ∎ #F5D5C6
 ∎ #F7E5D7
 ∎ #FFFFFF

## Bird info

### Bird colors

∎ #FCB09B
 ∎ #EF5931
 ∎ #ffffff

## General Information

Mochi is a pug that is part of the team. He is the newest team member, shown on May 12, 2016, on Twitter. It was captioned as, "Please meet our newest team member – Mochi. He'll do very important work but first he needs to think really hard." with an image of him sleeping near the computer.

### Appearance

Mochi is a cream-colored pug. Mochi has somewhat long, robust, straight legs that are well-set underneath. He has a rather relaxed posture. His feet are little, his toes are neatly divided, his ankles are powerful, and his nails are black. An underbite is typically the consequence of the lower teeth protruding farther than the top teeth.
Philip Laibacher

* Real life
* Website

Philip Laibacheris the Chief Creative Director of Kurzgesagt - In a Nutshell. He is a graphic designer from Munich, Germany.

He studied at College for Applied Sciences Germany from 2009 to 2014. He received a Bachelor of Arts in Design and Visual Communication in 2014.

## Career

### Early Career

In September 2011, Philip worked as an intern at Dudes Factory GmbH in Berlin, Germany. He worked there until April 2012. At the same time, he also worked freelance as a Graphic Designer until April 2015.

### Joining the Channel

He started working with Kurzgesagt in February 2015 as an illustrator until December 2015. Starting January 2016, he worked as the Head of Illustration for 2 years until September 2019. Later, he became the Creative Director of Kurzgesagt until September 2021. Afterwards, he became the Chief Creative Director.
Duck Mug

* Sides
* Front

## General Information

Duck mug is a mug with Duck and Baby Duck.

## Description

This is the description in the shop section of the Kurzgesagt Website.

It is one of the most important things in the universe. It is the fuel of society – the very thing that keeps us going and lets us reach for the stars. We are, of course, talking about coffee! And what better way to enjoy your morning cup of coffee\* than in a beautiful duck mug. Designed with love by us. Enjoy!\*Also suitable for other hot beverages like tea and even cold ones like water.
Kurzgesagt Intro

## General Information

The Kurzgesagt intro debuted in The History and Future of Everything--Time. It has had three variations, all looking similar.

## Design

### First Version

It first started with The Earth, being revolved with Duck, a praying mantis, robot, International Space Station, and a microscope. It then showed a label spelling out the syllables of Kurzgesagt to the beat of the music.

### Second Version

The second version started with some cells, slowly faring away, showing atoms, then baby duck, and then showing the earth, with it saying "KURZGESAGT -IN A NUTSHELL-." with an indigo shadow.

### Third Version

The only difference was that the font changed, and it was now written as "kurzgesagt in a nutshell," with all being lowercase.

### Fourth Version

The fourth version started with the Milky Way Galaxy, inspecting it to find the Solar System. Once we are in the Solar System, we zoom to The Earth. The ending part of the intro is the same and is unchanged.

### Final Version

It starts with a light, which moves away to show a forest with many things appearing, with a monkey holding something, depending on the video. It then very quickly moves to a volcano that erupts. We go in the lava and see the unchanged ending of the intro.
Ant Explorer Notebook

## General Information

Ant Explorer Notebook is a notebook used to write, formally and/or informally.

## Look

It shows deep inside of a tree, with ants working.

In each one, there is orange text, saying, ""ANT EXPLORER NOTEBOOK,"

## Description

This is the description in the shop section of the Kurzgesagt website.

Ants are cool. You know it. We know it. So it was only a matter of time before we would dedicate a notebook to those amazing little creatures. And we gave it our all: the notebook cover illustration hints at the beautiful and complex world that is hidden beneath our feet and is topped off with shiny gold lettering. Inside, 4 carefully crafted infographic pages will teach you everything you need to know about ants. And finally: this notebook features uniquely ruled pages to inspire your creativity – whether you’re drawing or just jotting down your grocery list, it will be a f-ant-astic experience.
Gacrux

## Kurzgesagt

### **First appearance**

The Largest Star in the Universe – Size Comparison

### **Latest appearance**

The Largest Black Hole in the Universe - Size Comparison

## General Information

Inside the Southern Cross constellation Crux, the third-brightest star is Gacrux. Its Bayer name is Gamma Crucis, which may sometimes be shortened to γ Cru or Gamma Cru, which is Latinized from γ Crucis. It is now the 26th brightest star in the night sky with an apparent visual magnitude of +1.63. Within one degree to the north of this star is a line that connects the two "Pointers," Alpha Centauri and Beta Centauri. Its distance from the Sun is determined by using parallax data taken during the Hipparcos mission to be 88.6 light-years (27.2 parsecs). It is the closest red giant star of the M class to the Sun.

### Properties

Gacrux is classified as an M3.5 III star in the MK system. It is most likely on the red giant branch rather than the asymptotic giant branch, having evolved from the main sequence to become a red giant star. The star has expanded to 120 times the radius of the Sun at this point, although only being 50% more massive than the Sun[6]. Out of its enlarged outer envelope, it is emitting light that is around 760 times brighter than the Sun. Gacrux is a reddish-orange object with an effective temperature of 3,689 K, which is consistent with its spectral categorization. It has many periods and is a semi-regular variable.

Barium enrichment of the star's atmosphere is typically attributed to material transfer from a more developed partner. This companion will usually go on to become a white dwarf. But as of yet, no such buddy has been found. Binoculars may be used to view a companion star with a magnitude of +6.4 that is located around 2 arcminutes distant and at a position angle of 128° from the primary star. That being said, it is only an optical partner, located around 400 light years away from Earth.
Immune

## General Information

Immune is a book, and the 2nd book from Philipp Dettmer to teach about the immune system in a simplistic, but beautifully drawn matter.

## Description

This description is from Prh.

A gorgeously illustrated deep dive into the immune system that will forever change how you think about your body, from the creator of the popular science YouTube channel Kurzgesagt—In a Nutshell

**“Through wonderful analogies and a genius for clarifying complex ideas, *Immune* is a truly brilliant introduction to the human body’s vast system for fighting infections and other threats.”—John Green, #1 *New York Times* bestselling author of *The Fault in Our Stars***

You wake up and feel a tickle in your throat. Your head hurts. You’re mildly annoyed as you get the kids ready for school and dress for work yourself. Meanwhile, an epic war is being fought, just below your skin. Millions are fighting and dying for you to be able to complain as you head out the door.

So what, exactly, *is* your immune system?

Second only to the human brain in its complexity, it is one of the oldest and most critical facets of life on Earth. Without it, you would die within days. In *Immune*, Philipp Dettmer, the brains behind the most popular science channel on YouTube, takes readers on a journey through the fortress of the human body and its defenses. There is a constant battle of staggering scale raging within us, full of stories of invasion, strategy, defeat, and noble self-sacrifice. In fact, in the time you’ve been reading this, your immune system has probably identified and eradicated a cancer cell that started to grow in your body.

Each chapter delves into an element of the immune system, including defenses like antibodies and inflammation as well as threats like bacteria, allergies, and cancer, as Dettmer reveals why boosting your immune system is actually nonsense, how parasites sneak their way past your body’s defenses, how viruses work, and what goes on in your wounds when you cut yourself.

Enlivened by engaging graphics and immersive descriptions, *Immune* turns one of the most intricate, interconnected, and confusing subjects—immunology—into a gripping adventure through an astonishing alien landscape. *Immune* is a vital and remarkably fun crash course in what is arguably, and increasingly, the most important system in the body.

## Websites to Buy it

* Amazon
* Barnes & Nobles
* Books a Million
* Bookshop.org
* IndieBound
* Apple
Duck Plushie

* Front
* Stare
* Label
* Duck plush with Mochi

## Description

This is the description in the shop section of the Kurzgesagt website.

This is Duck. Your new companion! Duck would love to explore the endless universe with you. Please take good care of it: give it a cool name, hug it tight and watch lots of kurzgesagt videos together.
Beta Centauri

* Aa
* Ab
* B

## Kurzgesagt

### **First appearance**

The Largest Star in the Universe – Size Comparison

### **Latest appearance**

The Largest Star in the Universe – Size Comparison

## Kurzgesagt

### **First appearance**

The Largest Star in the Universe – Size Comparison

### **Latest appearance**

The Largest Star in the Universe – Size Comparison

## General Information

Beta Centauri, β Centauri, or Hadar, is a star system consisting of three main-sequence stars. They are 390 light-years away from Earth.

Being a three star system, the magnitudes of the three of 0.61 makes it one of the brightest stars in the night sky.

Two of the stars has 10 times the mass of the Sun, and also shine 20,000 times more.

Two of the stars are 10 times more massive than the Sun, and are 20,000 times more luminous. Their temperatures are around 25,000 degrees Celsius. A common thing in all three stars is that they are blue in color.

In 1935, Beta Centauri B was discovered. Later, in 1967, Beta Centauri Aa was discovered, and in 1999 it was revealed it is part of a binary system with Beta Centauri Ab.

## Spectral Class

The three stars in the system have the same properties of a B1-type star, which make them all the same spectral type. Aa and Ab have a stellar classification of B1 III. The luminosity class III means that they are at the end of their main-sequence stage and are now evolving into giants.
Deimos

## General Information

Deimos is Mars's smaller and more distant natural satellite, its counterpart being Phobos. Deimos orbits Mars every 30.3 hours and has a typical radius of 6.2 kilometers. Deimos is located far further from Mars than Phobos, the second moon of Mars, at 23,460 kilometers. It takes its name from the Greek deity Deimos, who personified fear and horror in antiquity.

### History

On August 12, 1877, at around 07:48 UTC, Asaph Hall III made the discovery of Deimos at the US Naval Observatory in Washington, D.C. It was Hall's special hunt for Martian moons that led him to locate Phobos shortly after.

The moon bears the name Deimos, a mythological character from Greek mythology that stands for fear. Scholar Henry Madan proposed the term, drawing on a passage in Book XV of the Iliad where the Greek equivalent of the Roman deity Mars, Ares, calls forth the gods of Fear (Phobos) and Dread (Deimos).

### Properties

Deimos is significantly non-spherical, with triaxial dimensions of 16.1 km 11.8 km 10.2 km (10.0 mi 7.3 mi 6.3 mi), equivalent to a mean diameter of 12.5 kilometers, making it approximately 57% the size of Phobos. Similar to carbonaceous chondrite meteorites and C-type asteroids, Deimos is made of a high-carbonaceous rock composition. Although it has craters, the surface is significantly smoother than Phobos' due to regolith partially covering the craters. With a density of only 1.471 g/cm3, the regolith is judged by radar to be very porous.

Deimos has an escape velocity of 5.6 m/s.[6] A human being might potentially jump vertically to reach this velocity.(26]In [27] Deimos has an apparent magnitude of 12.45.
Duck & Friends Shirt

* Ware
* 2nd Ware
* Front
* Print
* Label
* Neck label

## General Information

Duck & Friends shirt is a shirt with Duck and a lot of other birds going through a journey.

## Description

This is the description in the shop section of the Kurzgesagt website.

Welcome to the colorful world of kurzgesagt. Everyone is invited! Quickly, let’s go outside experience all the beauty of nature and learn everything we can about the world – before our short existence on this planet ends. Life is great!
Duck and Bird Socks

* Front
* With Shoes
* Package
* Shoes
* Detail

## General Information

Duck and Bird Socks are socks with designs of Duck, Baby Duck and other birds.

## Description

This is the description in the shop section of the Kurzgesagt website.

These socks were designed with love and manufactured with care – and now their sole purpose is to make your feet look pretty (get it? sole?). Wear these cute birdies every day to any event, at home to complement your cozy outfit or with your suit to show the world you mean business.
Steve Taylor

* Real Life
* Profile

## General Information

Steve Taylor is the voice actor and journalist of Kurzgesagt and is the voice of every episode.

## Life

### Education

Steve was in the John Hampden Grammar School for A-Levels Literature, Languages, and Geography from 1982 to 1988.

He later entered the University of Bristol for Joint Honours in German and Russian Literature, B.A.Russian Language and Literature from 1988 to 1992.

### Career

Steve Taylor was a news producer at DW-TV from 1998 to 2009.

He also started one of his current careers as the owner of Voice-Pool in 2000.

Steve also became a VoiceOver speaker in 2000.

### Joining the Channel

In 2013, Steve Taylor became the voice actor and journalist of Kurzgesagt - In a Nutshell.
Kurzgesagt Vol. 1 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)

The image cover for the album

## General Information

Kurzgesagt Vol. 1 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is an album with 13 songs. Each song is a soundtrack recollection of videos. It was released on December 31, 2014. The artist is Epic Mountain

## Look

The album cover is the earth cut in 1/4 to show the inside of The Earth. In the distance, there a faint of comets falling either on The Earth, or just moving around. In the bottom right corner, there is text saying Vol. 1. In the opposite side, it shows the artist, Epic Mountain. On top of the artist, it says "KURZGESAGT In a Nutshell" with a blue shadow, the same color of the rest of the text.