recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Scadule

# 01:45 Foster's

02:45 Batinhas

03:00 The Chickens Escape

03:15 Mickey Mouse

03:30 My Little Pony

03:45 Mini

# 07:00 The Dog and Cat Show

07:10 Timmy Time

07:20 Tom and Jerry
07:25 Om Nom Stories
07:30 Waiting for Gumball

# 07:35 Waiting for Gumball

07:40 Waiting for Gumball

07:45 Spliced
07:50 Wow Wow Wubbzy!

# 18:00 The Powerpuff Girls (2016)

18:12 Breadwinners

18:24 Breadwinners

# 20:00 We Bare Bears

20:30 Foster's

21:00 The Powerpuff Girls

21:30 MGPM

# 23:30 Chowder

June 23

00:00 PJ Masks

00:15 The Amazing World of Gumball

00:30 TinkerBell

00:45 Adventure Time

03:00 Monica's
Crew 03:30 Batinhas
04:00 Bubble Guppies
04:15 SpongeBob SquarePants

04:30 Mini

04:45 Dora the Explorer

05:00 Pintadinha Chicken

05:15 Ni Hao Kai-Lan

05:30 Anabel

05:45 Monica's class

06:00 Waiting of Gumball

# 06:30 Peppa Pig

07:00 About Nom Stories
07:30 Breadwinners

# 13:30 Adventure Time

13:40 Sajnay and Craig

13:50 Breadwinners

# 00:15 Adventure Time

00:30 Clarence

00:45 Monica's class

01:00 Mickey Mouse

01:15 Pica Pau
01:30 Tom and Jerry

# 01:45 The Amazing World of Gumball

02:45 My Little Pony

03:00 Mini

03:15 Moon Show!

03:30 Ni Hao-Kai-Lan

03:45 Pocoyo

# 05:30 Moon Show!

05:45 School for Puppy

06:00 Spongebob Squarepants: The Movie

07:15 The Dog and Cat Show
07:30 The Amazing World of Gumball
08:00 Timmy Time
08:10 Peppa Pig
08:15 Spliced
08:25 Be Cool, Scooby-Doo
08:36 The Tom and Jerry Show
08:45 My Friend Friend
09:00 Billy and Mandy
09:15 The Amazing World of Gumball
09:30 Adventure Time
10:00 Chowder
10:30 Camp Lazlo
10:50 The Powerpuff Girls
11:10 Foster's
11:20 Breadwinners
11:30 MGPM
12:00 Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi
12:30 Adventure Time
12:45 Steven Universe
13:00 The Amazing World of Gumball
14:00 Clarence
14:15 Sajnay and Craig
14:30 Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi
15:00 Chowder
15:30 MGPM
16:00 Foster's
16:30 The Powerpuff Girls (2016)
17:00 The Amazing World of Gumball
17:15 The Powerpuff Girls
17:30 We Bare Bears
18:00 Foster's
18:30 Adventure Time
18:45 Steven Universe
19:00 Clarence
19:30 Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi
19:45 Billy and Mandy
20:00 We Bare Bears
20:30 The Amazing World of Gumball
21:00 Clarence
21:30 Camp Lazlo
22:00 Adventure Time
22:30 Flapjack
23:00 Chowder
23:30 MGPM
00:00 Turma da Monica
00:15 Mickey Mouse
00:30 Pica-Pau
00:45 Tom and Jerry
01:00 Steven Universe
02:00 The Powerpuff Girls (2016)
03:00 Batinhas
03:15 Show da Luna!
03:30 Galinha Pintadinha
03:45 Pocoyo
04:00 Bob Esponja
04:15 My Little Pony
04:30 Wally Gator
04:45 Mini
05:00 Turma da Monica
05:15 Tom and Jerry
05:30 Snoopy
05:45 Pica-Pau
06:00 The Tom and Jerry Show
06:15 Spliced
06:30 Peppa Pig
06:45 Om Nom Stories
07:00 Sidekick
07:30 Night of New
09:00 Weekday Morning
Baindt Abbey

The **Imperial Abbey of Baindt** (German: *Reichskloster Baindt*) was a Cistercian nunnery in Baindt in the district of Ravensburg in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

## Cistercians

The abbey was founded in 1240 by Konrad of Winterstetten in the hamlet of Baind and nuns from the Cistercian abbey of Boos moved in the same year. The first completed monastery wing was consecrated in 1241 and later the same year King Konrad IV declared the abbey free of any vogt (lay advocate), a rare privilege for German abbeys, often subjected to encroachments and abuses by their vogt. In 1376, Baindt was granted imperial immediacy, which gave it the status of an Imperial abbey, although it remained subordinate to the abbot of Salem Abbey in spiritual matters. The abbess was also granted the privilege of lower justice over the then approximately 200 subjects living in Baindt’s small territory. That privilege was confirmed during the first half of the 18th century.

As an Imperial Estate, the abbess had seat and voice in the Imperial Diet as a member of the Swabian bench of prelates. She also had seat and voice in the diet of the Swabian Circle.

The nunnery was decimated during the Black Death and destroyed in 1525 in the German Peasants' War and again in 1643 in the Thirty Years' War. It was rebuilt and refurbished in Baroque style in the 18th century.

The nunnery’s community, which had averaged 25 nuns for much of its history, reached 37 nuns in 1797, its highest number ever. Five years later, it was dissolved and secularized in the course of the German mediatisation. It was converted into an immediate principality and granted as a fief to the Count of Leyden in 1802, then to the Count of Aspermont-Linden in 1803 and, following the mediatisation of Aspermont-Linden in 1806, it was absorbed into Württemberg. The property was sold to private owners in 1812.

The abbey church of Our Lady became the parish church, to which the remains of the founder were transferred in 1842, after demolition of the claustral buildings had begun in 1841.

The church, now dedicated to St. John the Baptist is home to a depiction of Our Lady of Ludźmierz.

## Franciscans

In 1903 the former gatehouse of the abbey was bought by the Franciscan sisters of Heiligenbronn.
Aurora

**Aurora** is the youngest of the 4 water companies.

## History

It was founded by pioneers seeking to discover new sources of water to escape from the straitjacket of the other guilds. But after some success, the risks involved in the process, and the loss of technical ability, would lead the guild to eventually join the war for the known sources.

## Government

The government is largely controlled by their Technomancers. And lead by the Dowser, the leader of their technomancers. The headquarters of their government is the Source.

### Military

Their military strength is largely dependent on the large number of Technomancers in its ranks, as well as the strategic skills of its new Dowser, Wisdom.

## Culture

The culture presents itself in an almost mystical way, probably due in no small part to its large number of Technomancers. Each of its citizens bears a virtue name that is supposed to describe them.
Vanilla Cupcake v1

**Setup:** Recoil rda with flavor cap. Dual round wire coils @ .25 ohm. Power: 80 Watts.

**Testing:** Cap Vanilla Cupcake at 5%, 70/30 VG/PG, Steeped 8 days.

**Flavor Description:** This is a slightly sweet cupcake with frosting. Depending on how you use it, you can bend this to either be cake dominant or frosting dominant, but at 5% it is pretty well balanced. There is a slight vanilla note to this but it is subtle which makes this flavor so versatile and can definitely benefit from some added vanilla if you want to go that route.

**Off Flavors:** No off flavors that are noteworthy at this percentage.

**Throat Hit:** 3/10 - Not a harsh flavor at all, pretty smooth, comes with a little sting in the back of the throat for me but not unpleasant.

**Uses:** This flavor is pretty versatile. It can be used as a cake flavor at higher percentages to bump up a bakery or as frosting at lower percentages. I use this a lot along side *LA* CCI to help round out that icing flavor.

**Pairings:** Fruits, Creams, other bakeries, Chocolate, Basically anything that goes with cupcakes would be best friends with this flavor.

**Notes:**  This flavor has a medium mouth feel, not as sweet of a flavor as fw yellow cake but is very pleasant and a tad sour. At lower percentages, the cake part of the flavor is easily covered up in a mix and what you are left with is yummy frosting. At 5%, I get equal amounts of cake and frosting which would be nice to add a cakey layer to a bakery recipe.

**Second Opinion:** *I really like when /u/Concreteriver does this so I thought I would add it in*

[https://alltheflavors.com/recipes/16827#rainbow\_sherbet\_from\_scratch\_by\_r08u57 Krucial uses this with ap in his pistachio pound cake recipe to add to the brown outside of the cake
Ro8u57 uses cap vanilla cupcake at a small percentage to add some sweetness and help round out vbic

Example Recipe: https://alltheflavors.com/recipes/20434#nutty\_monkey\_by\_mlnikon

**Source: Reddit**
Double Chocolate (clear)

**RDA/** Velocity

**% Used/** 5

**Coil/** Clapton **W/** 45

**Steep Time/** 3 weeks Wicking/ Full

PG/VG 50/50 Nic% 0

**Mouth Feel -** Heavy on the tongue light on the nose. Moderately dense would give it 5 of 10 with a Very slight throat hit.

**Flavor Properties-** Smooth rich chocolate, halfway between semi-sweet milk chocolate and dark chocolate.

**Relatable Flavors -** Chocolate syrup you put on ice cream with a hint of cocoa powder mixed in.

**Off Flavors -** Almost none of the chalky flavor you get with most chocolates, does have a slight aftertaste.

**Position In The Recipe -** Due to its moderate density I'm thinking top note, could also be used as an accent for other chocolates to move it into the base.

**Pairings -** Other chocolates, creams, tobacco's, dark berries, bakeries, coffee flavors, coconut flavors, and a couple of the spice flavorings.( such as cinnamon or anise for a chocolate black licorice. ) My preferred chocolate at the moment is a 2:1 TFA Double-chocolate clear / HS Australian chocolate

**Source: Reddit**
Marshmallow TFA

**Main Notes:**

TFA Marshmallow is a puffy, airy and sweet in a vanilla kind of way.

**Developement:**

At 2% it's airy, it's puffy and sweet. This is a pretty accurate flavor and a good way to sweeten and lighten some recipes.

At 5% it stays pretty much the same.

Same goes for 10%, except the vanilla shines through more and mutes other flavors.

**Recommended Percentage and Steep:**

I would recommend =<2% for standalone flavor and a short steep (overnight to 3 days).

**Toxicity**

Acetyl Propionyl, Acetoin

**My testing setup:** Griffin RTA, Dual Kanthal Coils reading at 0.5, 30 Watts.

I make 3 10ml bottles (3mg nicotine, 50/50 PG VG) and steep them for 4 weeks. I test them after 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days.

**Source: Reddit**
White Chocolate

**Rda/** velocity

**% Used/** 5

**coil/** Clapton **w/** 45

**Steep time/** 1 week wicking/ full

**Mouth Feel -** smooth and heavy on the tongue, with no throat hit moderately dense I'd give it a 6 out of 10.

**Flavor Properties -** rich and sweet with a smooth buttery flavor. Creamy with a hint of vanilla and that fantastic Sweet Bitter cocoa butter flavor.

**Off Flavors -** a very slight chalky flavor and aftertaste.

**Position in the recipe -** should be versatile depending on what your pairing with. Doesn't have the punch to be a top note unless you're mixing it who did nothing but cream. Should make a great accent and work well in the base.

**Pairings -** other chocolates and creams should work well. The whole list of berries and should pair well with most bakeries, and caramel flavorings.

**Source: Reddit**
Falaise Pocket

The **Falaise Pocket** or **Battle of the Falaise Pocket** (12–21 August 1944) was the decisive engagement of the Battle of Normandy in the Second World War. A pocket was formed around Falaise, Calvados, in which the German Army Group B, with the 7th Army and the Fifth Panzer Army (formerly *Panzergruppe West*) were encircled by the Western Allies. The battle is also referred to as the Battle of the **Falaise Gap** (after the corridor which the Germans sought to maintain to allow their escape), the Chambois Pocket, the Falaise-Chambois Pocket, the Argentan–Falaise Pocket or the Trun–Chambois Gap. The battle resulted in the destruction of most of Army Group B west of the Seine river, which opened the way to Paris and the Franco-German border for the Allied armies.

Following Operation Cobra, the American breakout from the Normandy beachhead, rapid advances were made to the south and southeast by the Third U.S. Army under the command of General George Patton. Despite lacking the resources to defeat the U.S. breakthrough and simultaneous British and Canadian offensives south of Caumont and Caen, Field Marshal Günther von Kluge, the commander of Army Group B, was not permitted by Adolf Hitler to withdraw but was ordered to conduct a counter-offensive at Mortain against the U.S. breakthrough. Four depleted panzer divisions were not enough to defeat the First U.S. Army. Operation Lüttich was a disaster, which drove the Germans deeper into the Allied envelopment.
Elchingen Abbey

**Elchingen Abbey** (German: ***Kloster Elchingen**, **Reichsabtei Elchingen***) was a Benedictine monastery in Oberelchingen (in Elchingen) in Bavaria, Germany, in the diocese of Augsburg.

For much of its history, Elchingen was one of the 40-odd self-ruling imperial abbeys of the Holy Roman Empire and, as such, was a virtually independent state that contained several villages aside from the monastery itself. At the time of its secularisation in 1802, the abbey covered 112 square kilometers and had 4000-4200 subjects.

## History

Dedicated to the Virgin Mary and Saints Peter and Paul, the monastery was founded by the Counts of Dillingen. The abbey was one of the very few that enjoyed Imperial immediacy (independent of the jurisdiction of any lord and answering directly to the Holy Roman Emperor, and thus a territorial principality in its own right). The abbot sat in the Reichstag of the Holy Roman Empire.

Like all the other imperial abbeys, Elchingen lost its independence in the course of the secularisation process in 1802-1803 and the monastery was dissolved. By 1840 the buildings had been almost entirely demolished.

In 1921 the Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate settled on the site.
Baron Clinton

**Baron Clinton** is a title in the Peerage of England. It was created in 1298 for John de Clinton.

## Creation and early history

The peerage of Baron Clinton was created in 1298 for Sir John de Clinton, 1st Baron Clinton, a knight who had served in the Scottish and French wars. The peerage was created by writ, which means that it can descend through both male and female lines. It is thus one of the most ancient English titles still in existence. The first Baron's great-great-great-grandson, the fifth Baron, fought on the Yorkist side in the Wars of the Roses. He was attainted in 1461 but late restored to his title. His great-great-grandson, the ninth Baron, was created **Earl of Lincoln** in 1572. The titles remained united until 1692 upon the death of his great-great-great-grandson, Edward de Clinton, fifth Earl of Lincoln and 13th Baron Clinton. The earldom was inherited by the late Earl's cousin, the sixth Earl (see the Earl of Lincoln for later history of this title) while the barony fell into abeyance between the issue of his two aunts, Lady Margaret Clinton (d. 1688) and Lady Arabella Clinton, the daughters of Theophilus de Clinton, 4th Earl of Lincoln and 12th Baron Clinton.
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor

**Henry IV** (German: *Heinrich IV*; 11 November 1050 – 7 August 1106) ascended to King of the Germans in 1056. From 1084 until his forced abdication in 1105, he was also referred to as the King of the Romans and Holy Roman Emperor. He was the third emperor of the Salian dynasty and one of the most powerful and important figures of the 11th century. His reign was marked by the Investiture Controversy with the Papacy. Several civil wars over his throne took place in both Italy and Germany. He died of illness, soon after defeating his son's army near Visé, in Lorraine, France.

## Biography

In 1056 at Aachen, Henry IV was enthroned as the King of the Germans by Pope Victor II, while his mother, Agnes of Poitou, became regent.In 1062 the young king was kidnapped as a result of the Coup of Kaiserswerth, a conspiracy of German nobles led by Anno II, Archbishop of Cologne. Henry, who was at Kaiserwerth, was persuaded to board a boat on the Rhine; it was immediately unmoored and the king jumped into the river, but he was rescued by one of the conspirators and carried to Cologne. Agnes retired to a convent, and the government was placed in the hands of Anno. His first action was to back Pope Alexander II against the antipope Honorius II, whom Agnes had initially recognized but subsequently left without support. Anno's rule proved unpopular.

The education and training of Henry were supervised by Anno, who was called his *magister*, while Adalbert of Hamburg, archbishop of Bremen, was styled Henry's *patronus*. Henry's education seems to have been neglected, and his willful and headstrong nature developed under the conditions of these early years. The malleable Adalbert of Hamburg soon became the confidante of the ruthless Henry. Eventually, during an absence of Anno from Germany, Henry managed to obtain control of his civil duties, leaving Anno with only an ecclesiastical role.
Abundance

**Abundance** is the oldest existing Water Corporation

## History

Abundance is the oldest of the water companies. It was createed just after the Turmoil by the survives of the hydro-engineering corp of the MN (Martian Nations), which managed the development of the planets water resources.

After the great catastrophe, Abundance had a single objective: ensure the survival of all colonists by ensuring the provision of water to as many enclaves as possible. In a way, this meant continuing the MN's mission despite losing contact with the Earth.

But during the long period of chaos that followed the Turmoil, the founders of abundance would little by little come to understand the power the had in the new Martian society. Thus, although they had begun as a neutral structure, Abundance had progressively became an enlightened dictatorship, before transforming into a consortium as despotic as it was monolithic.

Its structure has made it very powerful despite the appearance of rivals against whom it wages a quasi-perpetual war.

## Government

Abundance is a despotic consortium with a hierarchical and militaristic structure that makes it very powerful.
Duchy of Aquitaine

The **Duchy of Aquitaine**  was a historical fiefdom in western, central and southern areas of present-day France to the south of the Loire River, although its extent, as well as its name, fluctuated greatly over the centuries, at times comprising much of what is now southwestern France (Gascony) and central France.

It originated in the 7th century as a duchy under Frankish suzerainty, ultimately a recreation of the Roman provinces of Aquitania Prima and Secunda. As a duchy, it broke up after the conquest of the independent Aquitanian duchy of Waifer, going on to become a sub-kingdom within the Carolingian Empire, eventually subsumed in West Francia after the 843 partition of Verdun. It reappeared as a duchy, and in the High Middle Ages, an enlarged Aquitaine pledged loyalty to the Angevin dynasty, who also happened to reign in England. Their claims in France triggered the Hundred Years' War, in which the kingdom of France emerged victorious in the 1450s, with many incorporated areas coming to be ruled directly by the French kings.
Battle of Machias (1777)

The **Battle of Machias** (August 13–14, 1777) was an amphibious assault on the Massachusetts town of Machias (in present-day eastern Maine) by British forces during the American Revolutionary War. Local militia aided by Indian allies successfully prevented British troops from landing. The raid, led by Commodore Sir George Collier, was executed in an attempt to head off a planned second assault on Fort Cumberland, which had been besieged in November 1776. The British forces landed below Machias, seized a ship, and raided a storehouse.

The result of the raid was disputed. Collier claimed the action was successful in destroying military stores for an attack on Fort Cumberland (although such stores had not been delivered to Machias), while the defenders claimed that they had successfully prevented the capture of Machias and driven off the British.

## Background

The small community of Machias, located in the eastern district of Massachusetts that is now the state of Maine, was a persistent thorn in the side of British naval authorities since the start of the American Revolutionary War. In June 1775, its citizens rose up and seized a small naval vessel, and the community had ever since been a base for privateering.

In 1777, John Allan, an expatriate Nova Scotian, was authorized by the Second Continental Congress to organize an expedition to establish a Patriot presence in the western part of Nova Scotia (present-day New Brunswick). Although Congress authorized him to recruit as many as three thousand men, the Massachusetts government was only prepared to give him a colonel's commission and authority to raise a regiment in eastern Massachusetts to establish a presence in the St. John River valley. Allan based his effort in Machias, and had by June landed some forty men in the area. However, British authorities in Halifax had received some intelligence of Allan's intended mission, and a larger British force arrived at the St. John River on June 23. Men that Allan had left at the settlements near the mouth of the river skirmished with the British but then withdrew upriver. Allan was forced to make a difficult overland journey back to Machias after his small force retreated up the river. He was joined on this journey by a number of sympathetic Maliseet Indians that he had persuaded to join the American cause. In early August the Massachusetts Provisional Congress voted to disband forces recruited for Allan's expedition because of the imminent threat posed by the army of General John Burgoyne in upstate New York.
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor

**Charles V** (24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558) was ruler of both the Spanish Empire from 1516 and the Holy Roman Empire from 1519, as well as of the Habsburg Netherlands from 1506. He voluntarily stepped down from these and other positions by a series of abdications between 1554 and 1556. Through inheritance, he brought together under his rule extensive territories in western, central, and southern Europe, and the Spanish colonies in the Americas and Asia. As a result, his domains spanned nearly four million square kilometers and were the first to be described as "the empire on which the sun never sets".

Charles was the heir of three of Europe's leading dynasties: the Houses of Valois-Burgundy (Netherlands), Habsburg (Holy Roman Empire), and Trastámara (Spain). He inherited the Burgundian Netherlands and the Franche-Comté as heir of the House of Valois-Burgundy. From his own dynasty, the Habsburgs, he inherited Austria and other lands in central Europe. He was also elected to succeed his Habsburg grandfather, Maximilian I, as Holy Roman Emperor, a title held by the Habsburgs since 1440. From the Spanish House of Trastámara, he inherited the crowns of Castile, which was in the process of developing a nascent empire in the Americas and Asia, and Aragon, which included a Mediterranean empire extending to Southern Italy. Charles was the first king to rule Castile and Aragon simultaneously in his own right, and as a result he is sometimes referred to as the first King of Spain. The personal union, under Charles, of the Holy Roman Empire with the Spanish Empire resulted in the closest Europe would come to a universal monarchy since the death of Louis the Pious.
Battle of Rorke's Drift

The **Battle of Rorke's Drift**, also known as the **Defence of Rorke's Drift**, was a battle in the Anglo-Zulu War. The defence of the mission station of Rorke's Drift, under the command of Lieutenant John Chard of the Royal Engineers and Lieutenant Gonville Bromhead, immediately followed the British Army's defeat at the Battle of Isandlwana on 22 January 1879, and continued into the following day, 23 January.

Just over 150 British and colonial troops successfully defended the garrison against an intense assault by 3,000 to 4,000 Zulu warriors. The massive but piecemeal Zulu attacks on Rorke's Drift came very close to defeating the tiny garrison but were ultimately repelled. Eleven Victoria Crosses were awarded to the defenders, along with a number of other decorations and honours.

## Prelude

Rorke's Drift, known as *kwaJimu* ("Jim's Land") in the Zulu language, was a mission station and the former trading post of James Rorke, an Irish merchant. It was located near a drift, or ford, on the Buffalo (Mzinyathi) River, which at the time formed the border between the British colony of Natal and the Zulu Kingdom. On 9 January 1879, the British No. 3 (Centre) Column, under Lord Chelmsford, arrived and encamped at the drift.
Duchy of Głogów

The **Duchy of Głogów** or **Duchy of Glogau** was one of the Duchies of Silesia ruled by the Silesian Piasts. Its capital was Głogów in Lower Silesia.

## History

In 1177, under the rule of Konrad Spindleshanks, the youngest son of High Duke Władysław II the Exile of Poland, the town of Głogów had already become the capital of a duchy in its own right. However when Konrad died between 1180 and 1190, his duchy was again inherited by his elder brother Bolesław I the Tall, Duke of Wrocław. After the death of Bolesław's grandson Duke Henry II the Pious at the 1241 Battle of Legnica his sons in 1248 divided the Lower Silesian Duchy of Wrocław among themselves. Konrad I, a child when his father died, claimed his rights too and in 1251 and received the northern Głogów territory from his elder brother Bolesław II the Bald, then Duke of Legnica.
Battle of Austerlitz

The **Battle of Austerlitz** (2 December 1805/11 Frimaire An XIV FRC), also known as the **Battle of the Three Emperors**, was one of the most important and decisive engagements of the Napoleonic Wars. In what is widely regarded as the greatest victory achieved by Napoleon, the *Grande Armée* of France defeated a larger Russian and Austrian army led by Tsar Alexander I and Holy Roman Emperor Francis II. The battle occurred near the town of Austerlitz in the Austrian Empire (modern-day Slavkov u Brna in the Czech Republic). Austerlitz brought the War of the Third Coalition to a rapid end, with the Treaty of Pressburg signed by the Austrians later in the month. The battle is often cited as a tactical masterpiece, in the same league as other historic engagements like Cannae or Arbela.
Battle of Elands River (1900)

The **Battle of Elands River** was an engagement of the Second Boer War that took place between 4 and 16 August 1900 in western Transvaal. The battle was fought by the Elands River between a force of 2,000 to 3,000 Boers who attacked a garrison of 500 Australian, Rhodesian, Canadian and British soldiers, who were stationed at Brakfontein Drift near the Elands River to act as a garrison for a British supply dump. Over the course of 13 days, the garrison was heavily shelled and attacked with small arms. Outnumbered and surrounded, the garrison was asked to surrender, but refused. The siege was subsequently lifted when the garrison was relieved by a 10,000-strong column led by Lord Kitchener.

## Background

In December 1899, the fighting in South Africa moved into a second stage. The earlier phase of the campaign had been characterised by the British Army's use of large-scale conventional infantry forces which suffered heavy casualties in engagements with highly mobile Boer forces. In response, the British launched a series of counter-offensives that managed to secure the main population centres in South Africa, divorcing the Boers from their supply base. In response, the Boers began a guerrilla warfare campaign. Operating in small groups, Boer commandos attacked columns of troops and supply lines, carrying out sniping, ambushing and launching raids on isolated garrisons and supply depots.

Following the lifting of the siege of Mafeking, to supply forces operating in the area and to serve as a way point on the route between Rustenburg and Zeerust, the British had situated a supply dump near Brakfontein Drift along the Elands River, about 35 kilometres (22 mi) west of Pretoria. By mid-1900, the supplies that were located at Elands River included over 1,500 horses, mules or cattle, a quantity of ammunition, food and other equipment worth over 100,000 pounds, and over 100 wagons. As the supplies were vulnerable to Boer raids, a garrison, spread across several positions, had been established.
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File:Placeholder
Cream Soda Type

***Summary***
What I get from this one is... nothing really... very disappointing. I tried at 5% and am thinking maybe that's too low for it (based on ELR values), but it does seem to darken my wick and gunk my coils, so I'm not particularly inclined to use it any higher or at all. Zero effervesence (which I was really hoping for), very slight vanilla maybe, a mild sweet-creaminess. I don't see this flavoring offering anything that other flavors don't already do better. Bummer.

I thought maybe it was my flavoring since I picked it up at my local B&M on a whim, but it appears -- based on the batch number -- that it may have been bottled 12/4/15

**On the Nose**
Ethyl Alcohol. Very dark in color.

**Usage**
*Stand alone*: 5-10%.

***In a mix*****:** Don't... ok 3-5%?

**Throat**
None.

**Pairings**
Perhaps Creams, Vanillas, Fruits.

**Avoid**
This Flavoring

**Steep**
Didn't notice any difference at shake-n-vape, 3 days, 1 week.

**Recipe Ideas**
Only thing I can think of is maybe an italian soda, but there are better options out there.

*Please if your opinion differs, or you have another review for this post it in the comments. Will help the master list with multiple reviews in one spot.*

**Source: Reddit**
Lanercost Chronicle

The ***Lanercost Chronicle*** is a northern English history covering the years 1201 to 1346. It covers the Wars of Scottish Independence, but it is also highly digressive and as such provides insights into English life in the thirteenth century as well as Scottish life. It includes Robert the Bruce.

A G Little concluded that the chronicle is basically a Franciscan chronicle, which has been adapted, abbreviated, and interpolated at the Augustinian Lanercost Priory. He was able to identify the Chronicle up to 1297 as a version of a lost chronicle of 'Richard of Durham'; after that he believed a different author (with a keen interest in siege equipment and operations)[3] to be responsible, whom he suspected to have been 'Thomas of Otterburn' whose chronicle is mentioned in the Scalachronica. The second author, says Little "resembles the first only in being a Franciscan and a patriotic hater of the Scots" but an additional similarity is that they are both North-country men. Where most other chroniclers are unclear on the geography of the Borders, the Lanercost Chronicle gives the name of the farmstead at which the Scots reached Tynedale in 1346.

The oldest surviving manuscript of the original Latin text is British Library Cotton Claudius D. vii. An edition of the Latin was published from it in 1839 as *Chronicon de Lanercost*, for the Bannatyne Club and the Maitland Club, and a translation of part of it published in 1913 by Sir Herbert Maxwell.
Operation Hasty

**Operation Hasty** was a mission behind German lines in Italy, during the Second World War. The operation was carried out in June 1944, by a small force of 60 men drawn from the 2nd Independent Parachute Brigade.

Their objective was to land behind German positions in the Abruzzo region near Trasacco and interdict supply lines and the movement of troops as they withdrew from Sora to Avezzano. The operation had mixed fortunes, the Germans responded in force, using a brigade of troops to hunt down the parachutists and a division was held in reserve instead of moving to the front. However the British parachutists were almost immediately after landing attacked and had to evade the German searchers. Little over a week later, when the mission ended less than half the force returned safely to British lines.

## Background

The 1st Airborne Division landed in Italy in September 1943, during Operation Slapstick. By the end of the year the majority of the division had been withdrawn to England, for operations in Northern Europe. Leaving the 2nd Parachute Brigade behind as an independent formation. Without a dedicated air force transport aircraft formation, opportunities for parachute operations were limited and the brigade was used in a ground role as normal infantry, taking part in fighting in the Moro River Campaign and the Battle of Monte Cassino.

In May 1944, the brigade was withdrawn to a rest area near Salerno, and three officers and 57 men, were selected to carry out Operation Hasty. The mission was planned by the commander of the British Eighth Army Lieutenant-General Oliver Leese. The objective was to disrupt the Germans from carrying out the destruction of bridges, and other infrastructure as they withdrew from Sora to Avezzano in the Abruzzo region of Italy to the Pisa–Rimini section of the Gothic line. During the planning stage it had been originally intended to use a complete battalion for the mission, but Brigadier Pritchard in command of the brigade decided to use a smaller unit and at the same time attempt to convince the Germans a larger force was being deployed by dropping dummy parachutists. The smaller detachment commanded by Captain Fitzroy-Smith was drawn from the 6th (Royal Welch) Parachute Battalion, supported by medics from the 127th (Parachute) Field Ambulance and signallers from the Brigade Signals Company.
Battle of Ivry

The **Battle of Ivry** was fought on 14 March 1590, during the French Wars of Religion. The battle was a decisive victory for Henry IV of France, leading Huguenot and English forces against the Catholic League by the Duc de Mayenne and Spanish forces under the Count of Egmont. Henry's forces were victorious and he went on to lay siege to Paris.

The battle occurred on the plain of Épieds, Eure near Ivry (later renamed Ivry-la-Bataille), Normandy. Ivry-la-Bataille is located on the Eure River and about thirty miles west of Paris, at the boundary between the Île-de-France and the Beauce regions.

## Prelude

Henry IV had moved rapidly to besiege Dreux, a town controlled by the League. As Mayenne followed intending to raise the siege, Henry withdrew but stayed within sight. He deployed his army on the plain of Saint André between the towns of Nonancourt and Ivry. Henry had been reinforced by English troops sent in support by Queen Elizabeth I.

* Henry had 12,000 foot soldiers (including English and Swiss) and 3,000 men on horseback.
* The army of the Catholic League led by the Duke of Mayenne in command. had 13,000 foot soldiers and 4,000 cavalry which consisted of citizens led by priests and rebellious nobles, assortment of German and Swiss mercenaries under Appenzell and the troopers of the Guise family. Included in this force were 2,000 Spanish pikemen and cavalry had been brought over from Flanders under Philip, Count of Egmont,

## The battle

At first light on 14 March 1590, the two armies engaged.

Before the battle, the king famously spurred his troops:

"Companions! If you today run at risk with me, I will also run at risk with you; I will be victorious or die. God is with us. Look at his and our enemies. Look at your king. Hold your ranks, I beg of you; and if the heat of battle makes you leave them, think also of rallying back: therein lies the key to victory. You will find it among those three trees that you can see over there on your right side. If you lose your ensigns, cornets or flags, do never lose sight of my panache; you will always find it on the road to honour and victory."

The action began with a few deadly cannon volleys from the six pieces of the royal artillery, which was under the command of the master, La Guiche. The cavalry of the two sides then clashed with a dreadful force. The Duke of Mayenne followed up with the mercenary troops of the Guelders and Almaine across the open field. The mercenaries, who were mostly sympathetic to the Protestant cause, fired in the air and put their spears in rest.
Annals of St Neots

The ***Annals of St Neots*** is a Latin chronicle compiled and written at Bury St Edmunds in the English county of Suffolk between *c*. 1120 and *c*. 1140. It covers the history of Britain, extending from its invasion by Julius Caesar (60 B.C.) to the making of Normandy in 914. Like the *Anglo-Saxon Chronicle*, it is chiefly concerned with Anglo-Saxon history, but it differs from it in adopting a distinct East Anglian perspective on certain events and weaving a significant amount of Frankish history into its narrative.

## Manuscript

Contrary to what the modern title may suggest, the work was not compiled at St Neots (Huntingdonshire). It owes its present title to antiquary John Leland, who in the 1540s – at the time of the dissolution – discovered the sole surviving manuscript at St Neots Priory. Palaeographical analysis has shown that two hands using Late Caroline script were at work, Scribe A for the first quire (pp. 1–18) and Scribe B for the remaining part. The script is typical of the first half of the 12th century and both hands have been detected in other manuscripts from Bury St Edmunds. According to Dumville, the evidence suggests then that the manuscript was compiled at Bury St Edmunds between *c*. 1120 and *c*. 1140.

After Leland's discovery, the manuscript passed into the possession of Matthew Parker (d. 1575), Archbishop of Canterbury, who supplied various annotations. Later, the dean of the college, Thomas Neville, donated the manuscript to Trinity College, Cambridge, where it is preserved up to this day, under the shelfmark R.7.28. It is bound together with several unrelated documents, forming the first 74 leaves of the compilation.
Battle at the Yadkin River

A battle at the crossing of the Yadkin River took place on May 9, 1771 just prior to the Battle of Alamance. Governor William Tryon had dispatched Gen. Hugh Waddell to raise militia in Rowan and Mecklenburg counties for the purpose of capturing a force of Regulators under Benjamin Merrill known to be operating in the area.

Waddell reached Salisbury and attempted to march north, but was hampered when a large supply of gunpowder and firearms being brought by wagon from Charleston was captured and blown up by Regulators. With little ammunition, Waddell hoped to link up with Tryon's militia but instead found his path blocked at the crossing of the Yadkin River by Merrill and a large force of Regulators and he was forced to turn back to Salisbury. The majority of his militiamen, many of whom sympathized with the Regulators, surrendered. However, the advance of a much larger force from the East under William Tryon intervened and Merrill was forced to turn to meet the new threat, arriving too late to play a role in the Battle of Alamance a week later. Waddell's remaining force would link up with Tryon's victorious troops at Reedy Creek on June 4.
Philip, Count of Egmont

**Philip, Count of Egmont** (1558 – Ivry March 14, 1590) was the fifth Count of Egmont, prince of Gavere and 12th and last Lord of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam.

He was the eldest son and successor of Lamoral, Count of Egmont, who was beheaded by the Spanish in 1568 in Brussels.

William of Orange was his guardian, and the first years of his military career, Philip fought in the army of the Dutch rebels. He was present in the lost Battle of Gembloux in 1578.
But in 1579, Philip broke off all contact with William of Orange and offered his services to King Philip II of Spain, for whom he reconquered several cities. For this he was made a Knight in the Order of the Golden Fleece.
He was killed in 1590 in the Battle of Ivry against the new King Henry IV of France.

Philip had married on September 27, 1579 with Marie of Horne. They had no children.
He was succeeded by his younger brother Lamoral.
Siege of Paris (845)

The **Siege of Paris** and the **Sack of Paris** of 845 was the culmination of a Viking invasion of the kingdom of the West Franks. The Viking forces were led by a Norse chieftain named "Reginherus", or Ragnar, who traditionally has been identified with the legendary saga character Ragnar Lodbrok. Ragnar's fleet of 120 Viking ships, carrying thousands of men, entered the Seine in March and proceeded to sail up the river. The West Frankish king Charles the Bald assembled a smaller army in response, but as the Vikings defeated one division, comprising half of the army, the remaining forces retreated. The Vikings reached Paris at the end of the month, during Easter. After plundering and occupying the city, the Vikings withdrew when they had been paid a ransom of 7,000 French livres (2,570 kilograms (83,000 ozt)) of silver and gold from Charles the Bald.
Battle of Devil's Hole

The **Battle of Devil's Hole**, also known as the **Devil's Hole Massacre**, was fought near Niagara Gorge in present-day New York state on September 14, 1763, between a detachment of the British 80th Regiment of Light Armed Foot and about 300 Seneca warriors during Pontiac's Rebellion (1763–1766). The Seneca warriors killed 81 British soldiers and wounded 8 before the British managed to retreat.

## Background

As early as 1757, Seneca in the Niagara Falls area had complained to the French about losing control of the long portage along an area of the Niagara River, which French traders were trying to improve for wagons. They resented the Europeans trying to take over their traditional territory and displace them from their work.

After the Seven Years' War, the British took over this area near the Great Lakes. John Stedman improved the former portage trail so that it could accommodate oxen and wagons, and hired teams and escorts to carry goods through. Formerly up to 300 Seneca men had worked as porters on what they thought of as their portage.

Discontent rose among many Native American tribes in the Great Lakes area, who wanted to get rid of the British colonists before more encroached on their lands. In Pontiac's Rebellion, beginning in 1763, several tribes in the Great Lakes and Northwest area cooperated in rising up against the British. In the New York colony, Sir William Johnson, the Superintendent of Indian Affairs, had long advocated fair treatment of Native Americans but was only partially successful. He wrote, "Our people in general are ill calculated to maintain friendship with the Indians. They despise those in peace whom they fear to meet in war."
Battle of Westport

The **Battle of Westport**, sometimes referred to as the "**Gettysburg of the West,**" was fought on October 23, 1864, in modern Kansas City, Missouri, during the American Civil War. Union forces under Major General Samuel R. Curtis decisively defeated an outnumbered Confederate force under Major General Sterling Price. This engagement was the turning point of Price's Missouri Expedition, forcing his army to retreat. The battle ended the last major Confederate offensive west of the Mississippi River, and for the remainder of the war the United States Army maintained solid control over most of Missouri. This battle was one of the largest to be fought west of the Mississippi River, with over 30,000 men engaged.

## Westport

Westport (now a part of Kansas City, Missouri) had already established its place in history by the time Union and Confederate forces clashed there in 1864. John Calvin McCoy, known as the "Father of Kansas City", had laid out the town, and pioneers traveling along the Oregon, California and Santa Fe Trails all passed through it on their way West. Westport gradually replaced nearby Independence as the "jumping-off point" for the Westward trails, contributing to the growth of the town.

During the Civil War, nearby Kansas City (known then as the Town of Kansas) served as headquarters for the Federal "District of the Border" and was garrisoned by a sizable contingent of Union troops. While its own municipal star was beginning to fade in favor of its northern neighbor, Westport was still of some importance in the region. As it turned out, however, the decision to fight here would be the result of a chain of events that had little to do with any strategic importance attached to the town itself.

## Price's Raid begins

In September 1864, Sterling Price led his Army of Missouri into Missouri, with the hope of capturing the state for the South and turning the Northern people against Abraham Lincoln in the presidential election of 1864. Major General William S. Rosecrans, commanding the Federal Department of the Missouri, began assembling troops to repel the invasion. Rosecrans's cavalry under Major General Alfred Pleasonton set out in pursuit of Price's force, accompanied by a large detachment of infantry from the Army of the Tennessee under Andrew J. Smith. After his defeat at the Battle of Ft. Davidson, Price realized that St. Louis was far too heavily fortified for his rather small force (12,000 men), so he turned west to threaten Jefferson City. After light skirmishing there, Price again decided that this target was also too heavily fortified and moved further west towards Fort Leavenworth. As he marched on, disease and desertion coupled with battlefield losses to whittle Price's force down to 8,500 men.
Federico II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua

**Federico II of Gonzaga** (May 17, 1500 – August 28, 1540) was the ruler of the Italian city of Mantua (first as Marquis, later as Duke) from 1519 until his death. He was also Marquis of Montferrat from 1536.

## Biography

He was a son of his predecessor Francesco II Gonzaga, Marquess of Mantua and Isabella d'Este. Federico Gonzaga was crowned Marquis Mantua on 3 April 1519, initially under the regency of his mother and his uncles Sigismondo and Giovanni Gonzaga. He received the imperial investiture from emperor Charles V on April 7, 1521.

Despite his poor military experience, Pope Leo X named him Gonfalonier and Captain General of the Church (commander in chief of the Papal Army), though a clause allowed Frederick to avoid fighting against the Empire, to which Mantua had always traditionally been an ally. Frederick therefore did not intervene when the Imperial troops passed through his lands in 1527, indirectly causing the subsequent Sack of Rome.

Frederick had signed a marriage contract with the heir to the Marquisate of Monteferrat, Maria Palaeologina, with the aim of acquiring that land; its marquess Boniface IV of Montferrat was in poor health. But when Boniface seemed to recover, he set up an alleged plot on the part of Maria against Frederick's mistress, Isabella Boschetti: this was sufficient to have the Pope cancel the nuptial contract. Frederick then signed another marriage contract with Charles V's third cousin, Julia of Aragon. In lieu of this move, in 1530 he was granted the ducal title, whereby their dynasty became Dukes of Mantua. However, when Boniface died by a fall from horse on March 25 of that year, Frederick paid 50,000 ducats to Charles in exchange for the annulment of the contract, and pushed the pope for the restoration of his earlier marriage agreement. When Maria also died, he was able to marry her sister Margaret on November 16, 1531. At the death of the last legitimate male heir of the Palaiologos family, Giovanni Giorgio (1533), the marquisate of Montferrat passed to the Gonzaga, who held it until the 18th century.

Frederick commissioned the Palazzo Te, designed and decorated by Giulio Romano, as his summer palace just outside Mantua.

Having suffered long from syphilis, which he had inherited from his father, he died in 1540 at his villa at Marmirolo. His son Francesco briefly held the title of 2nd Duke of Mantua before dying in his teens; the second son, Gugliemo, became 3rd Duke of Mantua as well as Duke of Montferrat and carried on the line.

## Family and issue

* Eleonora Gonzaga.
* Anna Gonzaga.
* Francesco III Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua (March 10, 1533 - February 22, 1550).
* Isabella Gonzaga. Married Francesco Ferdinando d'Ávalos.
* Guglielmo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua (April 24, 1538 - August 14, 1587). Married Archduchess Eleanor of Austria
* Louis Gonzaga, Duke of Nevers (October 22, 1539 - October 23, 1595). Father of Charles I, Duke of Mantua.
* Cardinal Federico Gonzaga (1540 - February 21, 1565).