Osean Federation

The **Osean Federation**, commonly referred to simply as **Osea**, is a country spanning the continent of Osea. It consists of 60 states, a federal district, and 12 autonomous regions. It is the world's largest country by both land and total area, and shares land borders with Belka, Perbla, Sapin, and Ustio, as well as maritime borders with the Adamas Islands and Wellow. With a population of over 1.1 billion people, it is also the most populous country in the world. The country's capital and largest city is Oured, which is also the world's largest city. Other major urban centers include Eaglin City, November City, Alexandria, Cabo Romano, and Colcastra.

The first paleo-aboriginal settlers in Osea migrated from western Usea 20,000 years ago and settled across the eastern half of the continent before crossing the Waldreich-Emperor range to settle the western half at the end of the third and last ice age around 12,000 years ago. Aboriginal Oseans lived primarily as hunter-gatherers, with some agricultural communities and highly-advanced societies developing later on at the turn of the first millennium. The first permanent non-aboriginal settlement of the Osean continent occurred with the First Landing of persecuted Emmerian polytheists from the Anean Empire in 512 AD. Following the collapse of the Empire thirty years afterward, colonial settlement of the Osean continent expanded greatly, first from the Anean continent and later from the Usean and Verusan continents beginning in the 10th century, with colonial Eruseans and Central Useans especially instrumental in the formulation of Osean culture. By 1700 AD, the number of native Oseans had been nearly totally reduced, with the remaining natives living in the secluded northeastern plains and tropical rainforests of the southern half of the continent. The modern Osean Federation emerged from the Republic of Nassau, which itself emerged from the Nassavian Revolution (1841) against the monarchy of Nassau and the Principality of Belka, who had crowned their own prince as King of Nassau. Over the following years, Nassau waged a series of wars (1856-1898) against its immediate neighbors, gradually annexing and incorporating their territories to become the South Osean Federation, the immediate precursor of the modern nation, before waging the final Tripartite War (1891-1898) against Belka and the Northern League that would lead to the creation of the Osean Federation in 1899.

At its formation in 1899, the Osean Federation was already the world's largest economy and foremost military power, and would demonstrate its primacy in a number of wars fought early into its existence, namely the Sapino War (1901-1902), the First Osean War (1905-1910), the Cahokian War (1915-1917) and the Wellow War (1918-1920), all of which were decisively won except for the First Osean War. Though the federation experienced significant growing pains as a result of the Federalist Rising (1910), the Great Bannion Flood (1918), the Great Depression (1929-1939), and several political scandals, the early Osean government proved stable, and would go on to lead the country to a decisive victory in the larger Second Osean War (1939-1946), annexing a large swath of territory in the east and northeast. Following the end of the war, the Osean Federation entered into a Cold War with the Union of Yuktobanian Republics, a communist state. During the Cold War, Osea and Yuktobania engaged in an intense ideological conflict that included indirect proxy actions but never direct military confrontation, as well as a superweapon arms race, though the accelerated development of advanced weapons also had peaceful outcomes, such as spurring on the Space Race that saw Osea land on Mars. The Cold War also saw sweeping political, economic, and constitutional reforms undertaken by a series of progressive presidents at home, aimed at preventing a socialist revolution through appeasement. The Cold War came to an end with the Belkan War (1995-1996) and the establishment of friendly relations between Osea and Yuktobania, however lingering tensions nevertheless led to the Pacific War (2010-2011). Tensions on the Usean continent also spurred on the Continental War (2003-2005) and the Lighthouse War (2019), both conflicts that Osea played a leading role in as the most powerful state of two separate alliances.

The Osean Federation is a federal republic with three separate branches of government, including a bicameral legislature. It is a liberal democracy with a strong and globally-influential market economy, and ranks highly in international measures of human rights, quality of life, income and wealth, economic competitiveness, and education. The Osean government offers strong social security, universal healthcare, environmental protections, tuition-free college and university education, and in some states, universal basic income. However, Osea ranks poorly on incarceration, social mobility, and high levels of income inequality. Internationally, the Osean Federation is a great power, possessing the world's largest economy by both nominal GDP and purchasing power parity, as well as the world's most common and reliable reserve currency, the Osean dollar. As a global leader in manufacturing, scientific research, and technological development, it is the world's largest importer and second-largest exporter, behind only Yuktobania. Osea possesses the world's largest military, with over 1.9 million standing personnel and 2.5 million reservists and state guards, and is the world's largest military spender, accounting for more than 35% of global annual military spending. Osea is a founding and leading member of the Assembly of Nations, the International Union, the World Bank, the World Trade Organization, the International Economic Assistance Fund, the Osean Community, the G7, and the G15, among other international organizations.