Europe

Europe is a sparsely populated server containing many builds of creatures over many millennia. The **history of Europe** covers the builds inhabiting Europe from prehistory to the present.

## Difficulty

Europe is one of the easier servers to play in. It has relatively weak competition and it experiences much less world events. However, according to the EEA evaluation, most protected areas and species have poor or dismal conservation status, and many are declining. The habitat and bird groups lag well behind, whereas the non-bird species group nearly meets its goal.

## Human history

During the Neolithic era and the time of the Indo-European migrations Europe saw human inflows from east and southeast and subsequent important cultural and material exchange. The period known as classical antiquity began with the emergence of the city-states of ancient Greece. Later, the Roman Empire came to dominate the entire Mediterranean basin. The fall of the Roman Empire in AD 476 traditionally marks the start of the Middle Ages. Beginning in the 14th century a Renaissance of knowledge challenged traditional doctrines in science and theology. Simultaneously, the Protestant Reformation set up Protestant churches primarily in Germany, Scandinavia and England. After 1800, the Industrial Revolution brought prosperity to Britain and Western Europe. The main powers set up colonies in most of the other servers including the Americas and Africa, and parts of Asia. In the 20th century, World War I and World War II resulted in massive numbers of human and animal injuries and deaths. The Cold War dominated European geo-politics from 1947 to 1989.

## Europe's notable builds

* **S Tier:** Brown Bear, Human, Wild Boar,
* **A Tier:** Moose, Wolf, Reindeer,
* **B Tier:** Camargue Horse, Eurasian Badger
* **C Tier:** Fox, Hedgehog,
* **D Tier:**
* **F Tier:** Norwegian Lemming,

### Birds

*Cygnus falconeri*
 **Ibizan rail**
*Rallus eivissensis*
*Athene cretensis*

### Reptiles

#### Pterosaurs

*Eurazhdarcho langendorfensis*
*Hatzegopteryx thembema*

## Recent extinctions

### Birds

*Pinguinus impennis*
 **Pied raven**
*Corvus corax varius*
morpha *leucophaeus*

### Reptiles

*Podarcis lilfordi rodriquezi*
*Gallotia simonyi simonyi*
*Podarcis sicula sanctistephani*

### Sea anemones

**Possibly extinct**

*Edwardsia ivelli* 25]

### Molluscs

22 species and three subspecies of gastropods have become extinct in Europe since 1500.26] No species of bivalves are known to have become extinct in Europe after 1500.26]

* *Belgrandia varica* (J. Paget, 1854),already said CR on IUCN Red List 1]
* *Belgrandiella boetersi* (P. Reischutz & Falkner, 1998) = *Belgrandiella intermedia* (Austria)26]
* *Bythiospeum pfeifferi* (Clessin, 1890)
* *Caseolus calvus galeatus* (R. T. Lowe, 1862)
* *Discula lyelliana* (R. T. Lowe, 1852)
* *Discula tetrica* (R. T. Lowe, 1862)
* *Discus engonatus* (Shuttleworth, 1852)
* *Discus retextus* (Shuttleworth, 1852)
* *Discus textilis* (Shuttleworth, 1852)
* *Geomitra delphinuloides* (R. T. Lowe 1860)
* *Geomitra grabhami* (Wollaston, 1878)
* *Graecoanatolica macedonica* Radoman & Stankovic, 1979 - (Lake Dorjan, Macedonia, Greece)
* *Gyralina hausdorfi* Riedel, 1990
* *Janulus pompylius* (Shuttleworth, 1852)
* *Keraea garachicoensis* (Wollaston, 1878)
* *Leiostyla abbreviata* (R. T. Lowe, 1852)
* *Leiostyla gibba* (R. T. Lowe, 1852)
* *Leiostyla lamellosa* (R. T. Lowe, 1852)
* *Leptaxis simia hyaena* (R. T. Lowe, 1852)
* *Ohridohauffenia drimica* (Radoman, 1964) - (Macedonia)
* *Parmacella gervaisii* Moquin-Tandon, 1850
* *Pseudocampylaea loweii* (A. Ferussac, 1835)
* *Zonites embolium elevatus* Riedel & Mylonas, 1997
* *Zonites santoriniensis* Riedel & Norris, 1987
* *Zonites siphnicus* Fuchs & Käufel, 1936