Dragon Language

*For the alphabet, see Dragon Alphabet.*
The **Dragon Language** or **Dovahzul** ( *Dovah-Zul*, "Dragon-Voice"), the **Dragon Language** or **Dragonish**, is the language used in *The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim* by dragons in shouts, on word walls, in names, etc. It is provided by the Skyrim Game Guide and in-game dialogue translations by Alduin, Paarthurnax, Odahviing, and Durnehviir.

Some may also be found in the books, *Dragon Language: Myth no More* and *Songs of Skyrim*. Additionally, each Dragon Priest's name is a word in the Dragon Language.

## Pronunciation

Some may find the pronunciation of the Dragon Alphabet digraphs "aa," "ah," "ei," "ey," "ii," "ir," "uu," "ur," and "oo" to be confusing.

ur
/ur/

However, assuming that the initial syllables heard in the musical pieces for the game are the standard form, then the language takes on a more Scandinavian sound.

"Aa" and "ah" are both a long, open "a" /aː/; the latter, however, being formed more gutturally (sometimes becoming /ɔː/).

"Oo" is used in the instances where the normal "o" sound /o/ (English "p**o**rt") needs to become long (/oː/), as in the English "d**oo**r." Only "uu" takes on the sound of an English double-"o" (see the above examples).
"ii" would tend to be longer (/ɪː/).

"Ir" and "ur" equate to /ir/ and /ur/, respectively.

Finally, there is a difference between "ei" and "ey": "ei" is pronounced as in German, producing a vowel as in pr**i**ce. "Ey," on the other hand, sounds as in f**a**ce.

Most dragons, in the game, do not roll their "r"s; however, both the main theme and the music in Sovngarde feature them exclusively.

## Grammar

The language has basically the same grammar as English, with the exceptions that it does not have an equivalent to English's apostrophes; it tends to place prepositional phrases earlier in sentences than in English, and does not have tense. To pluralize a word, the final letter is repeated and "e" is added (i.e. "grohiik": wolf; "grohiikke": wolves)

Words are constructed in such a way that, when combined, they form new words. A known construction is "Junnesejer," which means "the kings of the east." "Jun" being king and "Jer" being east. Thus, combining words will allow one to convey an idea or another word. For Example: "moon and eclipse" are not present in the vocabulary, but sun ("krein") and night ("vulon") are. The word is based on which of the words is the first because the first word is prominent. If one were to say "vulonkrein," the prominent word would be "night" while the secondary is "sun," and there would be "moon" (i.e. a light in the night). Vice versa with "kreinvulon," as "sun" is prominent and "night" is secondary, so there would be "eclipse" (darkness where the sun is). With Junnesejer, it means "the kings of the east," but if one were to put it as Jersejun, it would be "East King." "Se" is a conjunction between words that are combined to fill in the particles, but it's just as easily-understood without it.

## Trivia

* The Dragon language's script is similar in appearance to cuneiform, the written language of ancient Mesopotamia.
* The script of the Dragon language also bears resemblance to the script on the obelisk in Star Trek's 3rd-season episode entitled *Paradise Syndrome*.
* The word for thief, *tafiir*, resembles Taffer, a word that appears in the "Thief" series.
* In *The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim*, hostile dragons encountered in the wild will sometimes taunt the player in the Dragon language.*confirmation needed*
* "Dovahsebrom" translates to "Dragon of the North."
* Miraak uses a special four-word phrase to consume the souls of dragons ("zii los dii du" - literally "spirit is mine [to] devour"). This is strange, as most phrases or shouts in Dragon language consist of only three words.
* Paarthurnax appears to use the three word phrase "Drem Yol Lok" as a greeting. This translates to "peace/patience fire sky."
* In *The Elder Scrolls II: Daggerfall*, the language appears and can be used by the Hero as a skill.

## External links

* Thuum.org - an unofficial Dragon Language lexicon
* Game Informer - Skyrim's Dragon Shouts, pg 1
* Game Informer - Skyrim's Dragon Shouts, pg 2
* Game Informer - Skyrim's Dragon Shouts
* Game Informer - Translating the Cover

## Appearances

* *The Elder Scrolls II: Daggerfall*
* *The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim*
	+ *The Elder Scrolls V: Dawnguard*
	+ *The Elder Scrolls V: Dragonborn*
* *The Elder Scrolls VI: Invasion*
	+ *The Elder Scrolls VI: Underworld*
	+ *The Elder Scrolls VI: Akavir*
* *The Elder Scrolls Online*
	+ Template:Elsweyr
	+ Template:Dragonhold

## References

1. ↑ Events of *Daggerfall*
2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24 2.25 2.26 2.27 2.28 2.29 2.30 2.31 2.32 2.33 2.34 2.35 2.36 2.37 2.38 2.39 2.40 2.41 2.42 2.43 2.44 2.45 2.46 2.47 2.48 2.49 2.50 2.51 2.52 2.53 2.54 2.55 2.56 2.57 2.58 2.59 2.60 2.61 2.62 2.63 2.64 Dialogue with Paarthurnax
3. ↑ 3.000 3.001 3.002 3.003 3.004 3.005 3.006 3.007 3.008 3.009 3.010 3.011 3.012 3.013 3.014 3.015 3.016 3.017 3.018 3.019 3.020 3.021 3.022 3.023 3.024 3.025 3.026 3.027 3.028 3.029 3.030 3.031 3.032 3.033 3.034 3.035 3.036 3.037 3.038 3.039 3.040 3.041 3.042 3.043 3.044 3.045 3.046 3.047 3.048 3.049 3.050 3.051 3.052 3.053 3.054 3.055 3.056 3.057 3.058 3.059 3.060 3.061 3.062 3.063 3.064 3.065 3.066 3.067 3.068 3.069 3.070 3.071 3.072 3.073 3.074 3.075 3.076 3.077 3.078 3.079 3.080 3.081 3.082 3.083 3.084 3.085 3.086 3.087 3.088 3.089 3.090 3.091 3.092 3.093 3.094 3.095 3.096 3.097 3.098 3.099 3.100 3.101 3.102 3.103 3.104 3.105 3.106 3.107 3.108 3.109 3.110 3.111 3.112 3.113 3.114 3.115 3.116 3.117 3.118 3.119 3.120 3.121 3.122 3.123 3.124 3.125 3.126 3.127 3.128 3.129 3.130 3.131 3.132 3.133 3.134 3.135 3.136 3.137 3.138 3.139 3.140 3.141 3.142 3.143 3.144 3.145 3.146 3.147 3.148 3.149 3.150 3.151 3.152 3.153 3.154 3.155 3.156 3.157 3.158 3.159 3.160 3.161 3.162 3.163 3.164 3.165 3.166 3.167 3.168 3.169 3.170 3.171 3.172 3.173 3.174 3.175 3.176 3.177 3.178 3.179 3.180 3.181 3.182 3.183 3.184 3.185 3.186 3.187 3.188 3.189 3.190 3.191 3.192 3.193 3.194 3.195 3.196 3.197 3.198 3.199 3.200 3.201 3.202 3.203 3.204 3.205 3.206 3.207 3.208 3.209 3.210 3.211 3.212 3.213 3.214 3.215 3.216 3.217 3.218 3.219 3.220 3.221 3.222 3.223 3.224 3.225 3.226 3.227 3.228 3.229 3.230 3.231 3.232 3.233 3.234 3.235 3.236 3.237 3.238 3.239 3.240 3.241 3.242 3.243 3.244 3.245 3.246 3.247 3.248 3.249 3.250 3.251 3.252 3.253 3.254 3.255 3.256 3.257 3.258 3.259 3.260 3.261 3.262 3.263 3.264 3.265 3.266 3.267 3.268 3.269 3.270 3.271 3.272 3.273 3.274 3.275 3.276 3.277 3.278 3.279 3.280 3.281 3.282 3.283 3.284 3.285 3.286 3.287 3.288 3.289 3.290 3.291 3.292 3.293 3.294 3.295 3.296 3.297 3.298 3.299 3.300 3.301 3.302 3.303 3.304 3.305 3.306 3.307 3.308 3.309 3.310 3.311 3.312 3.313 3.314 3.315 3.316 3.317 3.318 3.319 3.320 3.321 3.322 3.323 3.324 3.325 3.326 3.327 3.328 3.329 3.330 3.331 3.332 3.333 3.334 3.335 3.336 3.337 3.338 3.339 3.340 3.341 3.342 3.343 3.344 3.345 3.346 3.347 3.348 3.349 3.350 3.351 3.352 3.353 3.354 3.355 3.356 3.357 3.358 3.359 3.360 3.361 3.362 3.363 3.364 3.365 3.366 3.367 3.368 3.369 3.370 3.371 3.372 3.373 3.374 3.375 3.376 3.377 3.378 3.379 3.380 3.381 3.382 3.383 3.384 3.385 3.386 3.387 3.388 3.389 3.390 3.391 3.392 3.393 3.394 3.395 3.396 3.397 3.398 3.399 *The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim Game Guide*
4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 4.23 4.24 4.25 4.26 4.27 4.28 4.29 4.30 4.31 4.32 4.33 4.34 4.35 4.36 4.37 4.38 4.39 4.40 4.41 4.42 4.43 4.44 Dialogue with Odahviing
5. ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 Creation Kit data
6. ↑ 6.000 6.001 6.002 6.003 6.004 6.005 6.006 6.007 6.008 6.009 6.010 6.011 6.012 6.013 6.014 6.015 6.016 6.017 6.018 6.019 6.020 6.021 6.022 6.023 6.024 6.025 6.026 6.027 6.028 6.029 6.030 6.031 6.032 6.033 6.034 6.035 6.036 6.037 6.038 6.039 6.040 6.041 6.042 6.043 6.044 6.045 6.046 6.047 6.048 6.049 6.050 6.051 6.052 6.053 6.054 6.055 6.056 6.057 6.058 6.059 6.060 6.061 6.062 6.063 6.064 6.065 6.066 6.067 6.068 6.069 6.070 6.071 6.072 6.073 6.074 6.075 6.076 6.077 6.078 6.079 6.080 6.081 6.082 6.083 6.084 6.085 6.086 6.087 6.088 6.089 6.090 6.091 6.092 6.093 6.094 6.095 6.096 6.097 6.098 6.099 6.100 6.101 6.102 6.103 6.104 6.105 6.106 *Songs of Skyrim*
7. ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 7.16 7.17 7.18 7.19 7.20 7.21 7.22 7.23 7.24 7.25 7.26 7.27 7.28 7.29 7.30 7.31 7.32 7.33 7.34 7.35 7.36 7.37 7.38 7.39 7.40 7.41 7.42 7.43 7.44 7.45 7.46 7.47 7.48 7.49 7.50 7.51 7.52 7.53 7.54 7.55 7.56 7.57 7.58 7.59 7.60 7.61 7.62 7.63 7.64 7.65 7.66 7.67 7.68 *Dragon Language: Myth no More*
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Dialogue with Esbern
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 Dragon dialogue during "Alduin's Bane"
10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 Dialogue with Alduin
11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 11.8 11.9 Dialogue with Durnehviir
12. ↑ 12.00 12.01 12.02 12.03 12.04 12.05 12.06 12.07 12.08 12.09 12.10 12.11 12.12 12.13 12.14 12.15 Dialogue with Arngeir during "The Horn of Jurgen Windcaller"
13. ↑ Dialogue with Borri
14. ↑ Quote of Nahkriin
15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Durnehviir's unique Soul Cairn Summon Shout
16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 Summon Durnehviir Shout
17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 Drain Vitality Shout
18. ↑ Bend Will Shout
19. ↑ *Guide to Judhofkiin*
20. ↑ Quotes of Draugr
21. ↑ "Mindoraan" and "Vo-" word meanings

**Notice**: The following are unlicensed references. They are not copyrighted by a ZeniMax Media company, but can still be considered part of *The Elder Scrolls* lore and are included for completeness.
1. ↑ Game Informer