CNS Syllabus

2.1.1.2: Fornix & Forniceal Commisure

2.1.1.3: Corticospinal Tracts

2.1.1.4: Corticobulbar Tracts

2.1.1.5: Optic Tract

2.1.1.6: Geniculocalcine Tract

2.1.1.7: Internal Capsule

\*2.1.1.8: Middle Thalamic Radiation

\*2.1.1.9: Spinothalamic Tract & Spinal Lemniscus

\*2.1.1.10: Medial Lemniscus System

\*2.1.1.11: Spinocerebellar Tracts

\*2.1.1.12: Rubrospinal Tract

\*\*2.1.1.13: Anterior, Posterior, Habenular Commissures

\*\*2.1.1.14: Posterior & Inferior Thalamic Radiations

\*\*2.1.1.15: Auditory System: Lateral Meniscus, Inferior Brachium, Auditory Radiation

\*\*2.1.1.16: Association Tracts (Subcortical WM)

\*\*2.1.1.17: Anterior Thalamic Radiation

\*\*2.1.1.18: Trigeminothalamic Tract

\*\*2.1.1.19: Reticular Formation

\*\*2.1.1.20: Reticulospinal Tracts

##### 2.1.2 Grey Matter Nuclei (Non-Cranial Nerve).

2.1.2.1 Caudate Nucleus

2.1.22 Putamen

2.1.2.3: Globus Pallidus

2.1.2.4: Amygdala

##### 2.1.3 Cerebral Cortex

2.1.3.1: Frontal, temporal and occipital poles

2.1.3.2: Frontal, Temporal, Parietal & Occipital Lobes

2.1.3.3: The Gyri

2.1.3.4: Hippocampus & Components

2.1.3.5: Parahippocampal Gyrus & Subiculum

##### 2.1.5 Anatomic Basis of Functional Systems

2.1.5.1: Cortical Motor System

2.1.5.2: Cortical Sensory System

2.1.5.3: Auditory System

2.1.5.4: Visual System

2.1.5.5: Olfactory System

2.1.5.6: Speech: Broca & Wernicke Areas

#### 2.2 The Brainstem

##### 2.2.1 White Matter

2.2.1.1: Cerebral Peduncle

2.2.1.2: Middle Cerebellar Peduncle

2.2.1.3: Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle

2.2.1.4: Pyramid and Pyramical Decussation

2.2.1.5: Superior cerebellar peduncle

##### 2.2.2 Grey Matter Nuclei (Non-Cranial Nerve)

2.2.2.1 Thalamus (lateral and medial genicular bodies)

2.2.2.2: Pineal gland

2.2.2.3: Posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis)

2.2.2.4: Substantia nigra

2.2.2.5: Superior and inferior colliculi

2.2.2.6: Subthalamic nucleus

2.2.2.7: Thalamic Nuclei (Ventral posterior nucleus)

2.2.2.8: Red Nucleus

2.2.2.9: Pontine Nuclei

2.2.2.10: Olivary Nucleus

2.2.2.11: Hypothalamus (Infundibulum/Mammilary Body)

2.2.2.12: Other Thalamic Nuclei

#### 2.3 Ventricular System

##### 2.3.1 Ventricular System

2.3.1.1: Ventricular Anatomy

2.3.1.2: Choroid Plexus

2.3.1.3: Septum Pellucidum, Velum Interpositum

2.3.1.4: Superior medullarly velum

2.3.1.5: Features of the 4th Ventricle Floor

#### 2.5 Pituitary & Related Structures

##### 2.5.1 Pituitary & Related Structures

2.5.1.1: Sella Turcica

2.5.1.2: Cavernous sinus, walls, and contents

2.5.1.3: Neurohypophysis & Stalk

2.5.1.4: Adenohypophysis

2.5.1.5: Pituitary blood supply & Portal System

2.5.1.6: Planum Sphenoidale

\*2.5.1.7: Diaphragma Sellae

\*\*2.5.1.8: ICA Dural Rings

#### 2.6 The Cranial Nerves

##### 2.6.1 Cranial Nerve Systems

2.6.1.1: Olfactory Bulb & Tract

2.6.1.2: Retina, Optic Nerve & Chiasm

2.6.1.3: Oculomotor Nerve & Nucleus, Ciliary Ganglion

2.6.1.4: Trochlear Nucleus & Nerve

2.6.1.5: Trigeminal nuclei, ganglion & roots

2.6.1.6: Abducens nucleus & nerve

2.6.1.7: Facial nucleus & nerve

2.6.1.8: Vestibulocochlear nerve & spiral ganglion

2.6.1.9: Glossopharyngeal Nerve & Ganglia

2.6.1.10: Vagus nerve & Ganglia

2.6.1.11: Accessory nucleus & nerve

2.6.1.12: Hypoglossal nucleus & nerve

\*\*2.6.1.13: Edinger-Westphal Nucleus

\*\*2.6.1.14: Spinal Trigeminal tract Nucleus

\*\*2.6.1.15: Superior salivary nucleus, lacrimal nucleus, facial motor nucleus, facial sensory components

\*\*2.6.1.16: Vestibular nuclei, cochlear nucleus

\*\*2.6.1.17: Inferior salivary nucleus

\*\*2.6.1.18: Motor & Dorsal Nuclei

\*\*2.6.1.19: Multi-nerve nuclei (spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve, nucleus of tractus solitarius, nucleus ambiguus)

\*\*2.6.1.20: Mesencephalic Ganglion

\*\*2.6.1.21: Trigeminothalamic Tract

##### 2.6.2 Organisation of Cranial Nerve Nuclei

2.6.2.1: Somatic Motor Efferent (XII, IV, VI, III)

2.6.2.2: Brachiomotor Efferent (Motor VII, Motor V)

2.6.2.3: Somatic Sensory (Sensory V)

2.6.2.4: Vestibular and cochlear nuclei

\*\*2.6.2.5: Brachiomotor Efferent Part 2 (Nucleus Ambiguus)

\*\*2.6.2.6: Somatic Sensory Part 2 (Mesencephalic, Spinal)

\*\*2.6.2.7: Visceral Sensory (Nucleus of Tractus Solitarius)

\*\*2.6.2.8: Visceral Motor Efferent (Dorsal nucleus of vagus, salivary, lacrimal, Edinger-Westphal)

#### 2.7 The Meninges

##### 2.7.1 The Meninges

2.7.1.1: Pia, Arachnoid, Dura Mater

2.7.1.2: Falx Cerebri

2.7.1.3: Tentorium Cerebelli

2.7.1.4: Falx Cerebelli

2.7.1.5: Middle Meningeal Artery

2.7.1.6: Subarachnoid, Subdural and Extradural Space

2.7.1.7: Meningeal Innervation + Supply

#### 2.8 The Cerebellum

##### 2.8.1 The Cerebellum

2.8.1.1: Neocerebellum

2.8.1.2: Vermis

2.8.1.3: Cerebellar Tonsils

2.8.1.4: Dentate Nuclei

2.8.1.5: Superior, middle and inferior peduncles

2.8.1.6: Superior and inferior medullary velum

#### 2.9 Vascular Supply to the Brain

##### 2.9.1 Arterial Supply

2.9.1.1: ICA

2.9.1.2: Opthalmic Artery

2.9.1.3: Circle of Willis Configuration + Variants

2.9.1.4: MCA

2.9.1.5: ACA

2.9.1.6: AComA

2.9.1.7: PCA

2.9.1.8: Vertebral & Basilar

2.9.1.9: PComA

2.9.1.10: SCA, AICA, PICA

2.9.1.11: Arterial Territories + Variations

2.9.1.12: Extradural ICA Branches

\*\*2.9.1.13: Anterior Choroidal Artery

\*\*2.9.1.14: Anterolateral & Anteromedial perforating arteries (including artery of Heubner)

\*\*2.9.1.15: Intracranial-Extracranial Anastomoses (Opthal/Facial, Inferolatera/Maxillary)

\*\*2.9.1.16: Posterolateral perforating arteries

\*\*2.9.1.17: Posteromedial perforating arteries

\*\*2.9.1.18: Basilar and vertebral perforators

##### 2.9.2 Venous Supply

2.9.2.1: Opthalmic Vein

2.9.2.2: Internal cerebral vein

2.9.2.3: Basal Vein of Rosenthal

2.9.2.4: Great Cerebral Vein of Galen

2.9.2.5: Venous Sinuses

2.9.2.6: Venous Territories

\*2.9.2.7: Thalamostriate Vein

\*2.9.2.8: Septal Vein

\*2.9.2.9: Anterior Cerebral Vein

\*2.9.2.10: Deep middle cerebral vein

\*2.9.2.11: Cortical Veins

\*2.9.2.12: Superior anastomotic vein of Trolard

\*2.9.2.13: Inferior anastomic vein of Labbe

\*2.9.2.14: Superficial middle cerebral vein

#### 2.10 The Spinal Cord

##### 2.10.1 Spinal Cord Structure

2.10.1.1 Craniocervical junction

2.10.1.2: Cervical enlargement

2.10.1.3: Cervical Cord

2.10.1.4: Thoracic Cord

2.10.1.5: Lumbar Enlargement

2.10.1.6: Conus Medullaris

2.10.1.7: Filum Terminale

2.10.1.8: Cauda Equina

##### 2.10.2 Spinal Grey Matter

2.10.2.1 Anterior horn and motor neurons

2.10.2.2: Posterior horn and sensory neurons

2.10.2.3: Dorsal root ganglion

2.10.2.4: Central canal

2.10.2.5: Lateral horn and autonomic neurons

2.10.2.6: Laminae of gray matter

##### 2.10.3 Spinal White Matter Tracts

2.10.3.1: Anterolateral Columns (Corticospinal/MLF/Spinothalmic)

2.10.3.2: Lateral Columns (Corticospinal/Corticorubral/Spinocerebellar)

2.10.3.3: Dorsal Columns (Fasciulus and nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus)

2.10.3.4: Reticulospinal Tract

2.10.3.5: Ventral white commissure

\*\*2.10.3.6: All other tracts

##### 2.10.4 Spinal CSF Spaces & Coverings

2.10.4.1: Ventral Nerve Roots

2.10.4.2: Dorsal Nerve Roots

2.10.4.3: Denticulate Ligament

##### 2.10.5 Functional Anatomical Systems of the Cord

2.10.5.1: Lumbar Enlargement

2.10.5.2: Pain and Temperature

2.10.5.3: Vibration and Proprioception

2.10.5.4: Thoracic Autonomic Outflow

2.10.5.5: Sacral Autonomic Outflow

##### 2.10.6 Spinal Vascular Supply

2.10.6.1: Anterior spinal artery

2.10.6.2: Posterior spinal artery

2.10.6.3: Spinal segmental reinforcing arteries (Especially Adamkiewicz)

2.10.6.4: Spinal Venous Plexus

2.10.6.5: Spinal Segmental Veins