United States

## United States of America

* National Flag
* 50 Star (Old)

## Map of State

**The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA),** sometimes known as the **United States (US)** or **America,** is a North American nation. There are **51 states,** a **federal district,** four significant unorganized territories, 326 Indian reservations, and a federal district in the United States. It is the world's third or fourth-largest country in terms of land size, with over 3.8 million square miles. The United States shares land boundaries with *Canada* to the north and Mexico to the south, as well as sea borders with countries such as the *Bahamas,* Cuba, and Russia. It is the world's third most populated country, with a population of more than 331 million people. New York Metropolis is the most populous city and financial hub, while Washington, D.C. is the nation's capital. They also started the Pacific Aerospace League.

**National Anthem:** The Star-Spangled Banner

### World Stage

The United States is a developed country with a quarter of global GDP and the world's second-largest economy by GDP at current market exchange rates. The US is the world's second-largest importer of goods and the third-largest exporter of goods in terms of value. Despite having only 4.2 percent of the world's population, it controls over 30% of global wealth, the highest share of any country. It is the world's second-foremost military power and a leading political, cultural, and scientific force, accounting for more than a third of global military spending, it is the world's second superpower and secondary-leading nation of Earth. In the 2030’s, America helped Mexico deal with their cartels to help end the long-going drug war and to gain another close ally to help fight off Chinese economic dependence. Indonesia has seen improvement over the years thanks to America's help, as they promise to let them join PAL once they have gone to their fullest potential.

##### Synopsis of Space

America was the first nation on the Moon, and though not the first on Mars, America has begun increasing funding for their space agency, **National Aeronautics and Space Administration**, or **NASA** for short, while helping SpaceX continue colonizing Mars through the selling of their equipment. America has a multitude of Mega corps, such as SpaceX on Mars, Meta in the virtual landscape, and Neuralink in Neuroprosthetics. America has always been at the forefront of technology ever since SpaceX landed the first colony on Mars.

Outside of Space, America has been subjected to polarization and inflation, only being saved by digital currency and frequent, four-year elections. Their main rival is China which they are currently in a trade war with, but Russia has become a close second after the invasion of Ukraine and their isolation from the global community. They have worked with the EU and Japan to help boost their space efforts onto Mars.

## History

### Great War

More than two and a half years after the conflict began, the United States entered World War I in April 1917. The majority of American public opinion had expressed a wish to stay out of the conflict. While the country was at peace, large loans were provided to the Entente powers by American banks. The majority of these loans were utilized to purchase weapons, raw supplies, and food from across the Atlantic. Americans were incensed when Germany offered to assist Mexico reclaim territory lost during the Mexican–American War, just as German submarines began sinking American commerce ships in the North Atlantic.

President Wilson requested that Congress declare war on Germany in order to "stop all conflicts" and "make the globe safe for democracy." The United States launched a strong offensive, around November 11, 1918, Germany surrendered after Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated months earlier, effectively ending the war.

### World War II

On September 1, 1939, Germany attacked Poland, starting World War II in Europe. On September 3, the United Kingdom and France declared war on Germany. However, the war for the United States began on December 7, 1941, when Japan launched an attack on the United States after imposing economic embargoes following the Chinese invasion.

##### Pacific War

The Imperial Japanese Navy had the upper hand, capturing the Philippines as well as British and Dutch holdings and threatening Australia, but its key carriers were lost during the Battle of Midway in June 1942, giving the Americans the upper hand. The Pacific War became an exercise in island hopping in order to get aviation bases closer to Japan. General Douglas MacArthur's army, stationed in Australia, pushed slowly across New Guinea to the Philippines, with preparations to assault the Japanese home islands in late 1945. Japan ran out of aviation gasoline and fuel oil when its merchant fleet was wrecked by American submarines, and the US Navy secured territories within bombing range of the Japanese home islands in June 1944. As the US seized Okinawa after great casualties in March 1945, strategic bombardment coordinated by General Curtis Lemay devastated all of Japan's main towns. Japan surrendered after the atomic bombs of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Soviet invasion of Manchuria, and the threat of an invasion of the home islands.

##### European War

The war in Europe featured help to the United Kingdom, its allies, and the Soviet Union, with the United States sending armaments until an invading force could be assembled. US troops were first put to the test in the North African Campaign, and then with British forces in Italy in 1943–45, when US forces, which made up nearly a third of the Allied forces on the ground, were mired down after Italy fell and the Germans seized command. Finally, in June 1944, General Dwight D. Eisenhower led the main invasion of France, (Operation Overlord, D-Day).

Meanwhile, after the Battle of Britain in 1944, the US Army Air Forces and the Royal Air Force participated in an area bombardment of German towns, systematically targeting German transportation networks and synthetic oil refineries, knocking out what was remained of the Luftwaffe. With all sides attacking, it was evident that Germany would lose the war. In May 1945, the Soviets captured Berlin, and the Germans surrendered with Adolf Hitler dead.

### 1950s and 2030s

(Unfinished Article), US is pretty powerful though Basically.

## Government, Politics and Geography

### Government

The United States of America is a federal republic made up of 51 states, the District of Columbia (Washington, DC), 15 territories, and several Indian reservations. The United States Constitution, the world's longest continuously used written constitution, gives the federal government its authority. Despite the fact that federal law replaces state law in the case of an express or implied conflict (known as "federal preemption" in legal language), each state is regarded a sovereign in its own right, with its own constitution and government, and substantial autonomy within the federation.

State residents have the right to vote for federal representatives, senators, and the President of the United States. The Republicans and Democrats are the two major political parties in the United States, and they dominate American politics at all levels. Smaller "third parties," as they are known in America, are rarely competitive in elections at any level, and the Democrats and Republicans have won every presidential election since 1848. The Republican and Democratic dominance results in a severely criticized and sometimes corrupt system in which critical reform is all too often stymied by bipartisan point scoring and impasse.

### Politics (Elections)

The presidential election in the United States is one of the most frequent and long-running in the world. In the United States, presidential elections are held every four years. The November election is preceded by a six-month period from January to June during which each of the 50 states, five overseas territories, and Washington, D.C. vote twice: once for the Republican nominee and again for the Democratic nominee. In November, one of these two presidential nominees will be elected.

### Geography

The contiguous United States, sometimes known as the "Lower 48," is bordered on the east by the Atlantic Ocean and on the west by the Pacific Ocean, with majority of the population concentrated on the two coasts. To the north, it has land borders with Canada, while to the south, it shares land boundaries with Mexico. Russia, Cuba, and the Bahamas all have marine boundaries with the United States. The United Kingdom, Samoa, and Haiti all share marine boundaries if the Insular Areas and Minor Outlying Islands are included.

There are three primary mountain ranges in the United States. The Appalachians are the oldest, followed by the Sierras and Cascades. The highest point in the Appalachian Mountains is 6,684 feet above sea level in North Carolina. The Rockies, which range for at least 3000 miles and are the highest in North America, are far taller. After the polar ice caps, the Great Lakes are the world's second-largest bodies of freshwater.

Death Valley is the lowest point on the continental United States (282 feet below sea level) and one of the hottest regions on the planet. The Florida Everglades are a pristine "river of grass" made up of tropical rainforests and grassland that are home to alligators and crocodiles that may grow to be 20 feet long.

#### US States

1. Alabama
2. Alaska
3. Arizona
4. Arkansas
5. California
6. Colorado
7. Connecticut
8. Delaware
9. Florida
10. Georgia
11. Hawaii
12. Idaho
13. Illinois
14. Indiana
15. Iowa
16. Kansas
17. Kentucky
18. Louisiana
19. Maine
20. Maryland
21. Massachusetts
22. Michigan
23. Minnesota
24. Mississippi
25. Missouri
26. Montana
27. Nebraska
28. Nevada
29. New Hampshire
30. New Jersey
31. New Mexico
32. New York
33. North Carolina
34. North Dakota
35. Ohio
36. Oklahoma
37. Oregon
38. Pennsylvania
39. Puerto Rico
40. Rhode Island
41. South Carolina
42. South Dakota
43. Tennessee
44. Texas
45. Utah
46. Vermont
47. Virginia
48. Washington
49. West Virginia
50. Wisconsin
51. Wyoming

#### Territories

* American Samoa
* Guam
* Northern Mariana Islands
* U.S. Virgin Islands

## Economy

The United States is a developed country with a market economy and has the world's largest nominal GDP and net wealth. It has the second-largest by purchasing power parity (PPP) behind China. It had the world's ninth-highest per capita GDP (nominal) and the fifteenth-highest per capita GDP (PPP) in 2021. The United States has the most technologically powerful and innovative economy in the world. Its firms are at or near the forefront in technological advances, especially in artificial intelligence, computers, pharmaceuticals, and medical, aerospace, and military equipment. The U.S. dollar is the currency most used in international transactions and is the world's foremost reserve currency, backed by its economy, its military, the petrodollar system and its linked eurodollar and large U.S. treasuries market. Several countries use it as their official currency and in others it is the *de facto* currency. The largest U.S. trading partners are China, the European Union, Canada, Mexico, India, Japan, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and Taiwan. The U.S. is the world's largest importer and the second-largest exporter. It has free trade agreements with several countries, including the USMCA, Australia, South Korea, Switzerland, Israel and several others that are in effect or under negotiation.

The nation's economy is fueled by abundant natural resources, a well-developed infrastructure, and high productivity. It has the seventh-highest total-estimated value of natural resources, valued at Int$ **44.98** trillion In 219`. Americans have the highest average household and employee income among OECD member states. In 2013, they had the sixth-highest median household income, down from fourth-highest in 2010.

US Current GDP now as of 2030 sits at $40.25 trillion

## Military

The United States of Americas's military is the most powerfull military but not largest, only behind China.

The armed forces of the United States of America are known as the US Armed Forces. [10] The Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, Space Force, and Coast Guard are the six branches of the armed services. [11] [12] The president of the United States is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, and military strategy is developed in collaboration with the Department of Defense (DoD) and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), both federal executive agencies. The United States has eight uniformed services, including the six military forces. [13]

In terms of manpower, the United States Armed Forces are one of the largest military forces in the world. They assemble their team from a huge number of paid volunteers. Conscription has not been utilized since 1973, despite the fact that it has been employed in the past. The Selective Service System preserves the capacity to conscript males, and all male citizens and residents of the United States between the ages of 18 and 25 must register with the service.

## Space Colonies

### Martian

#### John LeClair

Consisting of two separate colony's, LeClair and John, these two colonies each host around 100-150 people each, with 80% being scientists, 15% mechanics, 3% doctors and 2% psychologists. Meant for research and observation, The people who live here don't leave the confines of their settlement, instead opting for to send drones out to collect their materials needed for research.

### Lunar

#### New Armstrong

A colony rushed and landed in 2038, New Armstrong is a colony with many scientists on board, and a arrange of non-permeant construction crew on a semi-monthly basis. New Armstrong researches how weapons work in space and has been expanding ever since it's landing.

## Culture and Society

The United States is made up of many diverse ethnic groups and its culture varies greatly across the vast area of the country and even within cities - a city like New York will have dozens, if not hundreds, of different ethnicities represented within a neighborhood. Despite this difference, there exists a strong sense of national identity and certain predominant cultural traits.

Generally, Americans tend to believe strongly in personal responsibility and that an individual determines his or her own success or failure, but it is important to note that there are many exceptions and that a nation as diverse as the United States has literally thousands of distinct cultural traditions. One will find South Carolina in the South to be different culturally from New Hampshire in New England.

### Holidays

There are a number of official and/or cultural holidays in the United States that visitors should be aware of. It's worth noting that holidays that fall on Mondays or Fridays are typically viewed as weekend activities. (A weekend is made up of two days: Saturday and Sunday.) Federal holidays – those observed by the federal government, state and municipal governments, and banks — are bolded italicized. If a federal holiday with a set calendar date falls on a weekend (such as Independence Day), federal, state, and municipal government offices will be closed on the next non-weekend day. Several government holidays, including Memorial Day and Labor Day, have been honored on a certain Monday rather than a fixed date since the early 1970s for the explicit goal of saving money.

Due to the number of major holidays in close proximity to each other, many Americans refer to the period between Thanksgiving in late November and New Year's Day as simply "the holidays." School and work vacations are commonly taken during this periods:

* **New Year's Day** (1 January) — most non-retail businesses closed; parades; brunches and football parties.
* **Martin Luther King Day** (third Monday in January) — many government offices and banks closed; speeches, especially on African-American history and culture.
* **Chinese New Year** (January/February — varies based on the Chinese lunar calendar) — Chinese cultural celebration. Airfare within the U.S. may be reasonable at this time of the year but if planning to fly from the U.S. to China, Taiwan, Japan, Vietnam, Korea and anywhere in that part of the world the seats may be limited and fares higher so plan accordingly.
* **Super Bowl Sunday** (usually the first Sunday in February) — The Super Bowl is the annual championship game of the NFL (National Football League) American football league and the most-watched sporting event of the year; supermarkets, bars, restaurants and electronics stores are very busy; big football-watching parties everywhere. Those with the extra money to burn DO travel to the host city where the Super Bowl is happening to attend the game live. This makes travel to that city even more hectic with a limited availability of airline seats, hotel rooms, rental cars and parking spaces at much higher than usual prices. The host city varies annually so plan accordingly if planning to be in the host city on Super Bowl Sunday.
* **Valentine's Day** (14 February) — private celebration of romance and love. Most restaurants are crowded; finer restaurants may require reservations made well in advance.
* ***Presidents Day*** (third Monday in February; officially **Washington's Birthday**) — many government offices and banks closed; many stores have sales.
* **St. Patrick's Day** (17 March) — Irish-themed parades and parties. Expect bars to be crowded. They will often feature themed drink specials. The wearing of green or a green accessory is common.
* **Easter** (a Sunday in March or April) — Christian religious observances. Depending on location, many restaurants, including franchised outlets of major national chains, may close. Major retailers generally open; smaller shops may or may not close.
* **Passover** (varies based on the Jewish calendar, eight days around Easter) — Jewish religious observance.
* **Cinco de Mayo** (5 May) — A minor holiday in most of Mexico often incorrectly assumed to be Mexican independence day which is really September the 16th, but nevertheless a major cultural celebration for Mexican-Americans. As with St. Patrick's Day, expect bars to be crowded, frequently with themed drink specials.
* ***Memorial Day*** (last Monday in May) — most non-retail businesses closed; some patriotic observances; trips to beaches and parks; beginning of the *traditional beginning of summer tourism season* which means jacked up summer prices for rooms and airfare to some places.
* ***Independence Day / Fourth of July*** (4 July) — most non-retail businesses closed; airports and highways crowded; patriotic parades and concerts, cookouts and trips to beaches and parks, fireworks at dusk.
* ***Labor Day*** (first Monday in September) — most non-retail businesses closed; cookouts and trips to beaches and parks; many stores have sales; last day of the *traditional ending of summer tourism season* which means a better time to plan for travel to or within the U.S. in many places.
* **Rosh Hashanah** and **Yom Kippur** (varies based on the Jewish calendar, September or early October) — Jewish religious observances.
* ***Columbus Day*** (second Monday in October) — many government offices and banks closed; some stores have sales. Columbus Day can be controversial, especially among Native Americans, and is not as widely observed as it was in the past.
* **Halloween** (31 October) — trick-or-treating, parades, and costume parties.
* ***Veterans Day*** (11 November) — government offices and banks closed; some patriotic observances.
* ***Thanksgiving Day*** (fourth Thursday in November, date varies annually) — almost all businesses closed, *including grocery stores and many restaurants*; family dinners. Airports and highways are very crowded the days before and after, but are frequently "empty" on the day itself. The next day, known as "Black Friday," major Christmas shopping traditionally begins. Many non-retail employees are given Friday off or take it as a holiday. If planning to fly within the U.S. during the week of the Thanksgiving holiday and the weekend after plan accordingly as the airfares are higher than normal.
* **Hanukkah / Chanukah** (varies based on the Jewish calendar, eight days usually in December) — Jewish religious observance, often culturally associated with Christmas.
* **Christmas Eve** (24 December)the evening or day before Christmas Day. The mythical character Santa Claus comes during that night to deliver presents.
* ***Christmas*** (25 December) — almost all businesses, *grocery stores, and many restaurants* closed the evening before and all day. Similar to Thanksgiving, airports and highways are very crowded the days before and after, but are frequently "empty" on the day itself. Families and close friends exchange gifts; Christian religious observances. If planning to fly within the U.S. and internationally around the Christmas holiday and the week between Christmas and New Years Day, plan accordingly as the airfares are higher than normal. Flying on Christmas Day can be cheap compared to other days.
* **Kwanzaa** (26 December-1 January) — African-American cultural observance culminating in gift giving and the feast of Ya Imani, with focus on the values of Unity, Self-Determination, Collective Work and Responsibility, Co-operative\_economics, Purpose, Creativity, and Faith.
* **New Year's Eve** (31 December) — many restaurants and bars open late; lots of parties, especially in big cities.

## Major Cities

### New York - 10 million

New York City comprises 5 boroughs sitting where the Hudson River meets the Atlantic Ocean. At its core is Manhattan, a densely populated borough that’s among the world’s major commercial, financial and cultural centers. Its iconic sites include skyscrapers such as the Empire State Building and sprawling Central Park. Broadway theater is staged in neon-lit Times Square.

### Los Angeles - 6.515 million

Los Angeles is a sprawling Southern California city and the center of the nation’s film and television industry. Near its iconic Hollywood sign, studios such as Paramount Pictures, Universal and Warner Brothers offer behind-the-scenes tours. On Hollywood Boulevard, TCL Chinese Theatre displays celebrities’ hand- and footprints, the Walk of Fame honors thousands of luminaries and vendors sell maps to stars’ homes.

### Chicago - 3.95 million

Some of the many things Chicago is famous for are: **Chicago-style hot dogs, Chicago-style (deep dish) pizza, Maxwell Street Polish Sausage, jazz music, and 1920s gangsters, for example Al Capone**. Chicago is also known for architecture, for example the Sears Tower and museums. It is also known for its loyal sports fans.

### Washington D.C. - 1.6 million

Although not much Populated, one reason can be because, Washington, DC, is the U.S. capital, and is a compact city on the Potomac River, bordering the states of Maryland and Virginia. It’s defined by imposing neoclassical monuments and buildings – including the iconic ones that house the federal government’s 3 branches: the Capitol, White House and Supreme Court. It's also home to iconic museums and performing-arts venues such as the Kennedy Center.

## References

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United\_States
2. https://www.britannica.com/place/United-States
3. https://wikitravel.org/en/United\_States\_of\_America