Danny

## Annotated Bibliography

Changing Minds. (2016). *Character types*.
Retrieved from Changing Minds.Org:
http://changingminds.org/disciplines/storytelling/characters/character\_types.htm

This resource provided an excellent
framework for Characterizations in the Family overview section. This source
lists dozens of character types sorted by Sympathetic, Unsympathetic, Neutral,
and Ambiguous with full descriptions listed for each character type. This
source was useful in further defining the roles that the supporting characters
played in Tangles. It wasn’t possible to fit every character into the character
roles listed on this site, meaning that it was likely missing some character
types. This site is devoted to providing comprehensive insights across a
variety of topics with succinct definitions and key terms listed across the
disciplines covered. The site does not advertise, and funds operations through
donations. The storytelling discipline section of this site is among the most
complete with over 250 pages dedicated to everything that has to do with storytelling.
This page is just one of those 250. The information from this source was only
used to populate the Family Characterizations section.

Cleave, R. V.
(2016). *Memoir Writing For Dummies.* Retrieved from Dummies.com:
http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/memoir-writing-for-dummies-cheat-sheet.html

The team at For Dummies (a series
of simplified guides published by John Wiley & Sons) created a section of
their site devoted to Memoir Writing for Dummies. This source is an excerpt
from their larger book, and provides a number of beginner-level insights
related to memoir characteristics. The section entitled ‘reader expectations
for a memoir’ was used for the wiki analysis of Outstanding Scenes. This
section is ambiguous as ‘outstanding’ scenes are open to interpretation. Prior
to starting this section, the definition for Outstanding Scenes is taken from
the For Dummies excerpt and placed on the Wiki with a link source. Working from
the Vivid Scenes definition, we are able to specifically define many crucial
moments of the memoir. One major limitation of this source is that the content
is only an excerpt from the larger book on memoir writing, meaning that the
definitions are limited and likely summarized. The material is authored by Ryan
Van Cleave, an award winning American Poet, editor, and creative writing
teacher.

Krishna, S. (2014,
October 1). *SWAPNA KRISHNA*. Retrieved from Panels.net:
http://panels.net/2014/10/01/my-kryptonite-the-thing-about-graphic-memoirs/

This article written by Swapna
Krishna details several graphic memoirs and the use of colour (or the lack of
colour) across a number of memoirs. The article explains the effect and outcome
of using different colours, and how readers respond to these elements of a
memoir. Krishna explains that memoirs with a lack of colour are indicative of imperfect
thoughts or feelings on a topic. This knowledge enabled me to assess the deeper
meaning behind frames that used blackouts and whiteouts to illustrate despair and
reflection. Krishna is the managing editor for Panels.net, and regularly reads
and reflects on graphic memoirs and colour. One major weakness of this article
is the use of personal opinions across the memoir points. In my analysis, I saw
things differently from Krishna, and this influenced my original opinions about
the work. There were very few relevant sources that explained colour, and this
source also discussed Tangles. As a result of seeing this information, I had to
be careful not to use any of Krishna’s ideas in my analysis.

Leavitt, S. (2010).
*Tangles.* Calgary: Freehand Books.

This is the source for the graphic
memoir Tangles. Several frames were scanned and cropped into the Wiki for
reference purposes and support in illustrating many of the points across site. This
source appears across every page in the Technical analysis, as do scanned
frames. This source was crucial to the analysis, as the images helped better
explain the analysis points. There are no weaknesses to note.

ReadWriteThink.com.
(n.d.). *Graphic Novel/Comics Terms and Concepts*. Retrieved from Read
Write Think:
http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/lesson\_images/lesson1102/terms.pdf

This source was used extensively in
the Images section of the Technical analysis, as the PDF provides several
examples of literary terms and concepts for analyzing a graphic novel or comic.
Many of the headings from this PDF appeared in the Images section, such as
Text, Effects, and Faces. This source also helped with brainstorming new ideas
for the Images analysis of Tangles. The source – ReadWriteThink – provides classroom
support material and professional development classes for lecturers, making the
information on the PDF relevant and valuable, as well as trustworthy. One major
weaknesses of the PDF was the limited depth available. The PDF largely served
as a jumping off point for other ideas in the analysis. The PDF is authored by
the website rather than any particular author, this means there is a chance that
other authors may hold different views related to the ‘terms’ cited.

Shaw, A. (2011,
July 6). *An Introduction to Graphic Novels: Sequences*. Retrieved from
CloudSpace:
http://www.cloudscapecomics.com/2011/07/06/an-introduction-to-graphic-novels-sequences/

This source provided the details
needed to complete the Action section of the Technical analysis. Anise Shaw
explains 5 types of graphic novel sequence design, and they include moment to
moment; action to action; subject to subject; scene to scene; and aspect to
aspect. Although these five types were not specifically used in the technical
analysis, they greatly informed the scope of ‘action’ when defining different
stories in Tangles. The lessons were originally posted on Epidigm.net, but the
ideas were reformatted to serve CloudScape – an online community for comic book
lovers in BC. Most importantly, one of the more abstract points in the Action
analysis - Disconnected Scenes – was a direct result of the ideas covered in
this article, and my own interpretation of the meaning. This article has few
weaknesses, and covers the core concepts quite well. Examples for each of the
sequence sections may have helped bolster the article.

Turner, T. (2008,
July 23). *The 8 Methods Of Characterization Powerpoint*. Retrieved from
SlideShare:
http://www.slideshare.net/es99.trish.turner/the-8-methods-of-characterization-powerpoint

This source is a slide share
presentation that covers 8 types of characterizations and brief explanations of
each. These 8 categories of characterization were used extensively in the analysis
of Mariam’s development – the main topic of the memoir. The 8 characterizations
were not used directly, instead, many were combined into groups that were
easier to explain in depth. This is one major weakness of this source. The list
of 8 characterizations have a lot of overlap, and would lead someone to make
the same analysis several times for the same character. This is the primary
reason for the groupings done in our analysis. The source itself has over a
hundred thousand views, making it a very attractive source for many users in
the past. Another weakness of this source is the author, who is largely
unknown. This does introduce some risk that the opinions are inaccurate, or
that the list of characterizations is incomplete. For this reason, the resource
was used only for the characterizations, not the deeper explanations behind
each.