NeXT Computer System

The **NeXT Computer System**, or **NeXT Computer**, is a workstation that was developed, marketed, and sold by  NeXT Inc. It was introduced in October 1988 as the company's first and flagship product, at a price of US$6500, aimed at the higher-education market. It was designed around the Motorola 68030 CPU and 68882 floating-point coprocessor, with a clock speed of 25 MHz. Its NeXTSTEP operating system is based on the Mach and BSD-derived Unix, with a proprietary GUI using a Display PostScript-based back end. The enclosure consists of a 1-foot (305 mm) die-cast magnesium cube-shaped black case, which led to the machine being informally referred to as "**The Cube**", **Cube 030**, or **NeXT Cube**.

In 1990, the NeXT Computer was succeeded by the Motorola 68040-based NeXTcube and NeXTstation, faster models in the same cube form factor and new pizza-box design, respectively.

## Launch

The NeXT Computer was launched in October 1988 at a lavish invitation-only event, "NeXT Introduction – the Introduction to the NeXT Generation of Computers for Education" at the Louise M. Davies Symphony Hall in San Francisco, California. The next day, selected educators and software developers were invited to attend—for a $100 registration fee—the first public technical overview of the NeXT computer at an event called "The NeXT Day" at the San Francisco Hilton. It gave those interested in developing NeXT software an insight into the system's software architecture and object-oriented programming. Steve Jobs was the luncheon's speaker.

## Reception

In 1989, *BYTE* magazine listed the NeXT Computer among the "Excellence" winners of the BYTE Awards, stating that it showed "what can be done when a personal computer is designed as a system, and not a collection of hardware elements". Citing as "truly innovative" the optical drive, DSP and object-oriented programming environment, it concluded that "the NeXT Computer is worth every penny of its $6,500 market price". It was, however, not a significant commercial success, failing to reach the level of high-volume sales like the Apple II, Commodore 64, Macintosh, or Microsoft Windows PCs. The workstations were sold to universities, financial institutions, and government agencies.

## Legacy

A NeXT Computer and its object-oriented development tools and libraries were used by Tim Berners-Lee and Robert Cailliau at CERN to develop the world's first web server (CERN httpd) and web browser (WorldWideWeb).

The NeXT platform was used by Jesse Tayler at Paget Press to develop the first electronic app store, the Electronic AppWrapper in the early 1990s. Issue #3 was first demonstrated to Steve Jobs at NeXTWorld Expo 1993.

Pioneering PC games *Doom*, *Doom II*, and *Quake* (with respective level editors) were developed by id Software on NeXT machines. *Doom* engine games such as *Heretic*, *Hexen*, and *Strife* were also developed on NeXT hardware using id's tools.

NeXT technology provisioned the first online food delivery system called CyberSlice, using GIS based geolocation, on which Steve Jobs performed the first online order of pizza with tomato and basil. CyberSlice was curated into the Inventions of the 20th Century, Computer Science at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington DC.

## References

1. ↑ "The BYTE Awards", January 1989, p. 327.
2. ↑ NeXT Computer | Science Museum Group Collection (en).
3. ↑ Apple-NeXT Merger Birthday!.
4. ↑ CyberSlice, Incorporated. Smithsonian Institution.
5. ↑ AppStorey talks with Steve Green about Steve Jobs, The Smithsonian and how a pizza with basil became the first food delivered via the web (en) (June 6, 2019).
6. ↑ PMQ Pizza Magazine (June 3, 2019). How Steve Jobs Made Pizza History.

## External links

* NeXT Cube at Low End Mac
* NeXT Cube at Old-Computers.ocm
* Next Computer by John Miranda
* NeXT Computer at the Apple Wiki
* NeXT Computer at Wikipedia

### Articles

* The NeXT Computer by Tom Thompson and Nick Baran, *Byte*. 1988-11.