The Israeli Military Governorate

On 2 September 1971, Anwar el-Sadat ended the United Arab Republic and identified the Egypt as "The Arab Republic of Egypt".

# Operation Shadow Veil

The CIA and Mossad, devised a mission to exploit the Olympic Games of 1972 as a pretext for Israel to take action against Lebanon and Gaza.

CIA Agent Lily Harrison was a woman of many talents, her linguistic prowess among them. Fluent in Arabic, she possessed the charisma needed to infiltrate the Palestinian groups of Lebanon, Syria, and Jordan. Over the course of months, she methodically earned their trust, carefully navigating the tangled web of their grievances.

Her mission, a linchpin in "Operation Shadow Veil," was to manipulate the Palestinians into carrying out a high-profile attack, an act that would rock the world and serve the ulterior motives of the Western powers.

Mossad Double Agent Eyal Cohen, known within the operation as "The Phantom Arms Dealer," was the master of shadows, operating deep within the Palestinian communities. Disguised as an arms dealer sympathetic to their cause, he had cultivated relationships with key figures within the groups. His role was to supply them with weapons, explosives, and logistical support while maintaining a careful watch over their activities.

At the center of "Operation Shadow Veil" were the Palestinians known as Luttif Afif, Yusuf Nazzal, Afif Ahmed Hamid, Khalid Jawad, Ahmed Chic Thaa, Mohammed Safady, Adnan Al-Gashey, and Al-Gashey's cousin, Jamal Al-Gashey. They were individuals with deeply rooted grievances and a growing sense of desperation.

As the plan unfolded, the group, under the clandestine influence of Harrison and Cohen, reached a critical juncture. Their radicalization had reached a point where they saw the 1972 Munich Olympics as an ideal target, a symbol of the Western world's indifference to their suffering. In a meticulously planned operation, they launched an attack on the Olympic Village during the Games, taking athletes hostage and throwing the world into chaos.

The German Olympic Organizing Committee had hoped to discard the military image of the 1936 Summer Olympics, which Adolf Hitler used for propaganda.

At 4:30 am local time on 5 September, as the athletes slept, eight tracksuit-clad members of the Palestine Liberation Organization, carrying duffel bags loaded with AKM assault rifles, pistols, and grenades, once inside, the group used stolen keys to enter two apartments being used by the Israeli team and left with nine hostages.

Luttif Afif demanded the release of 234 Palestinians and non-Arabs jailed in Israel, along with two West German insurgents held by the West German penitentiary system, Andreas Baader and Ulrike Meinhof, who were founders of the West German Red Army Faction.

Israel's response was absolute: there would be no negotiation under any circumstances.

The German authorities, under the leadership of Chancellor Willy Brandt and Minister for the Interior Hans-Dietrich Genscher, rejected Israel's offer to send an Israeli special forces unit to West Germany.

However, German negotiators apparently were able to convince the Palestinians that their demands were being considered. At 4:30 pm, a squad of 38 West German police officers was dispatched to the Olympic Village. Dressed in Olympic sweatsuits their plan was to crawl down from the ventilation shafts and kill the Palestinians.

In the meantime, camera crews filmed the actions of the officers from the German apartments, and broadcast the images live on television. Thus, the Palestinians were able to watch the police prepare to attack. In the end, after the Palestinians threatened to kill two of the hostages, the police retreated.

Kehat Shorr had told the West Germans that the Palestinians would not object to being flown to an Arab country, provided that strict guarantees for their safety were made by the Germans and whichever nation they landed in.

The original West German plan was to offer to transport the Palestinians and the hostages by plane to Fürstenfeldbruck, a NATO airbase. Initially, the perpetrators' plan was to go to Riem, which was the international airport near Munich at the time, but the negotiators convinced them that Fürstenfeldbruck would be more practical.

Realizing that the Palestinians and Israelis had to walk 200 metres through the underground garages to reach the helicopters, the West German police saw another opportunity to ambush them, and placed sharpshooters there.

The members of the crisis team—Schreiber, Genscher, Merk and Schreiber's deputy Georg Wolf—supervised and observed the attempted rescue from the airport control tower. Cooley, Reeve and Groussard all placed Mossad chief Zvi Zamir and Victor Cohen, one of Zamir's senior assistants, at the scene as well, but as observers only.

A Boeing 727 jet was positioned on the tarmac with sixteen West German police inside dressed as flight crew. It was agreed that the Palestinians would inspect the plane. The plan was that the West Germans would overpower them as they boarded, giving the snipers a chance to kill the remaining Palestinians at the helicopters.

However, during the gun battle that followed, hostages, Palestinians and German police officers was killed, three of the remaining Palestinians lay on the ground and were captured by police. Yusuf Nazzal escaped but was tracked down with police dogs 40 minutes later in an airbase parking lot. Cornered and bombarded with tear gas, he was shot dead after a brief gunfight. By around 1:30 am on 6 September, the battle was over.

# Lebanon

With Operation Shadow Veil complete, Lily Harrison now codenamed "Nielsen" arrived in Lebanon under the cover story that she was there to conduct research for a television series on the life of Lady Hester Stanhope.

The plan was to land soldiers from navy ships on the Lebanese coast some of the commandos were to be disguised as women. In addition four Palestinian facilities were to be attacked. To maintain the element of surprise, the apartments of the three targets would have to be breached before the other attacks could begin.

Harrison selected the private beach of the Sands Hotel as the landing site since access was restricted to guests and it was close to the hotel's parking lot, where the commandos could be picked up by Mossad agents. Brigadier General Emmanuel Shaked, the commander of the IDF's infantry and paratrooper forces, was placed in overall command of the operation.

On April 9, 1973, eight Israeli Navy missile boats departed from Haifa naval base, carrying 75 soldiers - 21 Sayeret Matkal commandos, 34 Shayetet 13 naval commandos, and 20 soldiers of the Paratroopers Brigade's Sayeret Tzanhanim unit - and 19 Zodiac speedboats on board. They dropped anchor twelve miles off the coast of Beirut. Meanwhile, one of the Mossad operatives at the Sands Hotel met with Harrison, who confirmed that the three targets were at home, and this information was radioed to the attacking force, after which the operation began.

The commandos entered the buildings unchallenged, reaching the apartments of their targets, they placed explosive charges at their doors and the explosive charges blew the apartment doors open, after which the commandos gunned down their targets.

Security forces from a nearby police station responded rapidly and the Israelis were soon engaged in a firefight, the Israeli commandos held off the Lebanese security forces with automatic fire killing three of its four occupants. The Mossad agents arrived with the rented cars, and the commandos piled in and made their getaway, leaving behind chaos. While driving to the beach, they encountered a Lebanese Army armoured personnel carrier (APC) as it scanned the shore. They were not confronted and continued on to the beach, where the commandos and drivers abandoned the cars and returned to the missile boats in Zodiacs.

At the same time, a force consisting mainly of Sayeret Tzanhanim paratroopers raided a multi-story building that housed militants of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). And a third force of Shayetet 13 naval commandos landed in north Beirut and destroyed a small Fatah explosives workshop, while another paratroop unit raided and destroyed the PLO's main garage, located just south of Sidon.

Three attacks quickly followed the Lebanon operation. Zaiad Muchasi, the replacement for Hussein Al Bashir in Cyprus, was killed by a bomb in his Athens hotel room on April 11.

Mossad agents killed Mohammad Boudia on June 28, 1973, in Paris by a pressure-activated bomb packed with heavy nuts and bolts placed under his car seat.

# The Yom Kippur War

On October 6, 1973, the Arab coalition jointly launched a attack against Israel on the Jewish holy day of Yom Kippur, determent to end the israeli government of USA.

Egyptian forces crossed the Suez Canal in Operation Badr and advanced into the Sinai Peninsula, the Syrians launched a coordinated attack in the Golan Heights. After three days of heavy fighting, Israel halted the Egyptian offensive, resulting in a military stalemate on that front, and pushed the Syrians back to the pre-war ceasefire lines.

The Israeli military then launched a four-day-long counter-offensive deep into Syria, and within a week Israeli artillery began to shell the outskirts of the Syrian capital of Damascus. Egyptian forces meanwhile pushed for two strategic mountain passes deeper within the Sinai Peninsula but were repulsed, and Israeli forces counter-attacked by crossing the Suez Canal into Egypt and advancing towards Suez City.

### 17 October 1973

Prime Minister Golda Meir and her “kitchen cabinet” made the decision on the night of 8 October.  The Israelis assembled 13 twenty-kiloton atomic bombs. The Jericho missiles at Hirbat Zachariah and the nuclear strike F-4s at Tel Nof were armed and prepared for action against Syrian and Egyptian targets.

On 11 October, a counterattack on the Golan broke the back of Syria's offensive, and on 15 and 16 October, Israel launched a surprise crossing of the Suez Canal into Africa.  Soon the Israelis encircled the Egyptian Third Army and it was faced with annihilation on the east bank of the Suez Canal, with no protective forces remaining between the Israeli Army and Cairo.

The first U.S. flights arrived on 14 October. Israeli commandos flew to Fort Benning, Georgia to train with the new American TOW anti-tank missiles and return with a C-130 Hercules aircraft full of them in time for the decisive Golan battle.  American commanders in Germany depleted their stocks of missiles, at that time only shared with the British and West Germans, and sent them forward to Israel.

Israeli military General David Stern was determinant to launch the atomic bombs in response to the escalating conflict, Stern believed that such a move would guarantee Israel's survival at any cost. However, Harrison's orders came directly from the CIA's leader, Director William Mitchell, Harrison's mission was to prevent General Stern from launching the nuclear bombs, as doing so would potentially spark World War III.

Under the cover of darkness on the night of October 17, 1973, General Stern was in talks with Israeli government and was demanding permission to launch atomic bombs in Cairo, In a desperate act to stop him, Harrison took a shot that ended the general's life, preventing the launch of the nuclear bombs.

However she was shot dead by a nearby military man who had witnessed the confrontation. This soldier, deeply shaken by the events he had witnessed, took it upon himself to contact the first Israeli general in the chain of command. General Moshe Dayan, and shared the dramatic events that had transpired, General Dayan, knowing the gravity of the situation, quickly relayed the information to Prime Minister Golda Meir.

Under the immense pressure of international scrutiny and the growing awareness of the potential consequences, Prime Minister Meir made the momentous decision to agree to a cease-fire. This decision relieved the pressure on the Egyptian Third Army and ended the conflict before it could escalate further, preventing the spark of World War III and averting a nuclear catastrophe of unprecedented proportions.

The war ended on 25 October with Israel successfully repelling Egyptian and Syrian forces.