Ottoman Sultanate

The Ottoman Sultanate is a Puppet State of the German Empire located in Turkey. The Nation is east of the Kingdom of Greece and the Tsardom of Bulgaria, South of the Khanate of Crimea and the Kingdom of Ukraine, Southwest of Soviet Rus and west of the Grand Duchy of Georgia, Duchy of Abkhazia, the Duchy of Armenia and the Indo-Persian Empire. It was once the mighty Ottoman Empire until World War I when they lost all of their territories to the Italian Empire and their master state of Germany in order to defeat them in the war.

## History

### Sick Man of Europe

The 19th century brought great decline to the once prosperous Middle East. An inability to effectively industrialize, constant foreign meddling in its affairs, and a troubling hold on a lot of its provinces meant that the Ottoman Sultanate had fallen back well behind the European powers by 1876. Nonetheless, the Ottomans reformed, and despite the issues these posed on a local level - where tribal issues and a corrupt bureaucracy reigned supreme - light could be seen. Prompted by Mahmud II in the early 19th century and further pursued by the Young Ottomans, radical changes were introduced in the Empire. Land ownership was restructured, the Janissaries eradicated, central rule reestablished in regions such as Mosul and Al-Hasa, and a constitution promulgated. The focus of these reformers was based on the idea of Ottomanism, and attempted to foster a common identity for all its inhabitants besides their local one. It would not be enough. With Abdulhamid II‘s rise to power in 1876, drastic changes would come once again.

Under the pretext of the Russo-Turkish War, the constitution was abolished and the parliament shut down. This period, later to be known as the Hamidian Era, saw a radical centralisation of power under the figure of the Sultan-Caliph. With a constant threat by Christian powers, the Sultan turned towards Pan-Islamism based on the prestige of the Caliphate. Despite enjoying great popularity among the Sunni Muslim population, it would alienate the religious minorities, which the Empire had plenty of. Furthermore, Abdulhamid's absolute rule fostered great discontent amongst a population which became increasingly familiar with Western ideas.

This resistance would consolidate itself in the shape of the “**CUP**”, or “Committee of Union and Progress”. A coup d'état in 1908 made Ottoman politics, long suppressed by the Sultan, burst into the open. Dozens upon dozens of parties would attempt to find a seat within the newly restored parliament as it seemed that Ottoman decline was finally at its end. The united democratic forces would, however, not endure - and quickly split between the decentralists and the centralists. Through a tumultuous 5 years, these two sides would battle for control as the ideals of democracy and freedom of thought they once held so dearly were slowly moved to the sidelines. In 1913, with the Raid on the Sublime Porte, the game was over: The centralist CUP, with significant public figures such as the Three Pashas (Enver, Djemal and Talaat), would eradicate all remaining power of the decentralists and shape the nation in their image. Under great threat by Russians, British and Frenchmen, they ultimately strengthened ties with the German Empire, like Abdulhamid II had done it before.

### World War I

The Ottoman Empire joined the war on the side of Britain and France as they declared war on Italy to get Libya Back from the Italians. The Ottomans and Italians had fierce fighting in North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula.

The Italians had gained aid of Hussein of Hejaz and Ibn Saud who both joined the side of the Italians as to rebel against the Ottomans which led to many campaigns and they even conquered South Arabia which is a bunch of British Colonies. Britain, France, Ottoman and British Commonwealth Forces invade Gallipoli to repel Bulgarian soldiers which failed due to Germans supporting Bulgaria.

Later on the Ottomans with the British and the Russians then plan to invade Persia. The Ottomans desire to get all of Persia and make the Qajar Dynasty as a Puppet State as Britain then gets Southeast Persia and Russia gets Northwest Persia. Unfortunately the operation was discovered by Japan who then overthrew the Qajars and replaced them with Persian Military officer Reza Shah who was a descendant of Cyrus the Great and Tamerlane, after they trained his army and lent him equipment from America and Germany. Reza then led a coup against the Qajars. Reza crowned himself Reza Shah, Emperor of Persia and he decided to create a New Persian Empire.

Reza invaded Oman, The Trucial States, Kuwait, Qatar and Bahrain. The Invasions of the three states were easy because the Ottomans and British were too busy fighting Arab Rebels led by Hussein of Hejaz and Ibn Saud but it was later on handled by the Ottoman Puppet State known as the Emirate of Jabal Shammar, but they lost the invasion as Oman, The Trucial States, Kuwait, Qatar and Bahrain ended up becoming Persian Puppet States. Reza was heading to conquer Zanzibar which made British and Ottoman Soldiers try to stop his forces but they were able to fight them off due to the Japanese training the Persian Forces have received. The British realized that Reza's trying to help the Italians in seizing the Suez Canal so they cut off Britain's connections with India.

The British fought hard with the Ottomans but they had trouble trying to save Zanzibar from the Persians due to the fact they had trouble with German Naval forces in German East Africa. Reza won Zanzibar as a Puppet State as he seized British Islands in the Indian Ocean. The Ottomans because of those losses lost morale and surrendered to the Germans who then turned them into a Puppet State and overthrew the current Sultan Mehmed V and replaced him with his brother Mehmed VI.

### Mehmed VI's reign

After the War Mehmed VI's reign was full of chaos as he was being called a German Puppet and the Empire lost reforms over their country and lost the last remaining territory of their vast Empire as the Germans created the Puppet State of the Kingdom of Kurdistan and the Government officials who were responsible for the Armenian Genocide were being executed for treasonous cruelty against a Christian Minority Group. Sadly in 1926 Mehmed VI died with no male heir so he was replaced by Abdulmejid II who became the New Sultan.

## Government

The Ottoman Sultanate is an Absolute Monarchy with the Sultan in charge of the Empire and ruling like an Autocrat. Other than the Sultan is the President of the Privy Council of the Ottomans who is elected by the Germans. The President of the Privy Council of the Ottomans appoints members of the Privy Council as they elect a Prime Minister appointed by the Sultan. The Prime Minister then appoints members of his cabinet who are elected by the Chamber of Notables who's members are elected into power by Chamber of Deputies who are elected by the People.

#### **Administrative Staff of the Ottoman Sultanate**

* **Sultan:** Abdulmejid II
* **Reichkommissar:** Ahmed Izzet Pasha
* **Prime Minister:** Enver Pasha
* **Foreign Minister:** Tevfik Rüstü Aras
* **Armament Minister:** Zekai Apaydin
* **Minister of Education:** Adile Sultan
* **Minister of Defense:** Sükrü Kaya
* **Minister of Intelligence:** Sükrü Ali Ogel
* **Chief of Staff:** Fevzi Cakmak
* **Chief of Army:** Mehmet Nuri Yamut
* **Chief of Navy:** Mehmet Ali Üngen
* **Chief of Air Force:** Sadi Özbek
* **Chief of Military Police:** Alparslan Türkes

## Military

The Ottoman Army was a large army of Turks and multiple ethnic groups from all Ottoman Territories until they were defeated by the Germans, Italians and Arab rebels. Now they are a bland and normal sized army controlled by German Authorities.

### Army

The Army has 35 Divisions in it's army in which these 35 Divisions are the main force of the Ottoman Military.

### Navy

The Navy is real small with only 6 Destroyers and the *Yavuz Sultan Selim.*

### Air Force

The Air Force consists of 100 Airplanes piloted by 100 Pilots trained by Germany.

## Foreign Relations

* Colonial Relations with the German Empire
* Great Relations with the Tsardom of Bulgaria.
* Bad Relations with the Indo-Persian Empire.