List of birds of North America

North American animals Wiki list articleTemplate:SHORTDESC:North American animals Wiki list article
The lists of birds in the light blue box below are divided by biological family. The list is based on *The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World* supplemented with checklists from Panama, Greenland, and Bermuda . It includes the birds of Greenland, Canada, the United States (excluding Hawaii), Mexico, Central America, Bermuda, and the West Indies.

Unless otherwise noted, all species listed below are considered to occur regularly in North America as permanent residents, summer or winter residents or visitors, or migrants. The following codes are used to denote certain categories of species:

* (A) = **Accidental** occurrence based on one or two (rarely more) records, and unlikely to occur regularly.

* (E) = **Extinct**; a recent member of the avifauna that no longer exists.

* (Ex) = **Extirpated**; no longer occurs in area of interest, but other populations still exist elsewhere.

* (I) = **Introduced** population established solely as result of direct or indirect human intervention; synonymous with non-native and non-indigenous.

* (OU) = **Origin uncertain**; species which might have arrived in North America either from the wild or with human assistance.

* (H) = **Hypothetical**; species with unconfirmed records though it has enough evidence for inclusion on the list.

Conservation status - IUCN Red List of Threatened Species:

**EX** - Extinct, **EW** - Extinct in the Wild
**CR** - Critically Endangered, **EN** - Endangered, **VU** - Vulnerable
**NT** - Near Threatened, **LC** - Least Concern
(v. 2019, the data is current as of July 25, 2019
and Endangered Species Act:

**E** - endangered, **T** - threatened
**XN**, **XE** - experimental non essential or essential population
**E(S/A)**, **T(S/A)** - endangered or threatened due to similarity of appearance
(including taxa not necessarily found in the USA, the data is current as of March 28, 2014

## Tinamous

**Order**: Tinamiformes   **Family**: Tinamidae

The tinamous are one of the most ancient groups of bird. Although they look similar to other ground-dwelling birds like quail and grouse, they have no close relatives and are classified as a single family, Tinamidae, within their own order, the Tinamiformes. They are related to the ratites (order Struthioniformes), which includes the rheas, emus, and kiwis.

* Highland tinamou, *Nothocercus bonapartei* **LC**
* Great tinamou, *Tinamus major* **NT**
* Little tinamou, *Crypturellus soui* **LC**
* Thicket tinamou, *Crypturellus cinnamomeus* **LC**
* Slaty-breasted tinamou, *Crypturellus boucardi* **LC**
* Choco tinamou, *Crypturellus kerriae* **VU**

## Screamers

**Order**: Anseriformes   **Family**: Anhimidae

The screamers are a small family of birds related to the ducks. They are large, bulky birds, with a small downy head, long legs, and large feet which are only partially webbed. They have large spurs on their wings which are used in fights over mates and in territorial disputes.

* Northern screamer, *Chauna chavaria* (A) **NT**

## Ducks, geese, and waterfowl

**Order**: Anseriformes   **Family**: Anatidae

The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils.

* White-faced whistling-duck, *Dendrocygna viduata* **LC**
* Black-bellied whistling-duck, *Dendrocygna autumnalis* **LC**
* West Indian whistling-duck, *Dendrocygna arborea* **NT**
* Fulvous whistling-duck, *Dendrocygna bicolor* **LC**
* Emperor goose, *Anser canagicus* **NT**
* Snow goose, *Anser caerulescens* **LC**
* Ross's goose, *Anser rossii* **LC**
* Graylag goose, *Anser anser* (A) **LC**
* Greater white-fronted goose, *Anser albifrons* **LC**
* Lesser white-fronted goose, *Anser erythropus* (A) **VU**
* Taiga bean-goose, *Anser fabalis* (A) **LC**
* Tundra bean-goose, *Anser serrirostris* (A) (*A. fabalis*: **LC**)
* Pink-footed goose, *Anser brachyrhynchus* (C) **LC**
* Brant, *Branta bernicla* **LC**
* Barnacle goose, *Branta leucopsis* (C) **LC**
* Cackling goose, *Branta hutchinsii* **LC**
* Canada goose, *Branta canadensis* **LC**
* Mute swan, *Cygnus olor* (I) **LC**
* Trumpeter swan, *Cygnus buccinator* **LC**
* Tundra swan, *Cygnus columbianus* **LC**
* Whooper swan, *Cygnus cygnus* (A) **LC**
* Comb duck, *Sarkidiornis sylvicola* **LC**
* Orinoco goose, *Neochen jubata* (A) **NT**
* Egyptian goose, *Alopochen aegyptiaca*  (I) **LC**
* Common shelduck, *Tadorna tadorna* (A) **LC**
* Ruddy shelduck, *Tadorna ferruginea* (A) **LC**
* Muscovy duck, *Cairina moschata* **LC**
* Wood duck, *Aix sponsa* **LC**
* Baikal teal, *Sibirionetta formosa* (A) **LC**
* Garganey, *Spatula querquedula* (A) **LC**
* Blue-winged teal, *Spatula discors* **LC**
* Cinnamon teal, *Spatula cyanoptera* **LC**
* Northern shoveler, *Spatula clypeata* **LC**
* Gadwall, *Mareca strepera* **LC**
* Falcated duck, *Mareca falcata* (A) **NT**
* Eurasian wigeon, *Mareca penelope* (C) **LC**
* American wigeon, *Mareca americana* **LC**
* Eastern spot-billed duck, *Anas zonorhyncha* (A) **LC**
* Mallard, *Anas platyrhynchos* **LC**
* Mexican duck, *Anas diazi*
* American black duck, *Anas rubripes* **LC**
* Mottled duck, *Anas fulvigula* **LC**
* White-cheeked pintail, *Anas bahamensis* **LC**
* Northern pintail, *Anas acuta* **LC**
* Green-winged teal, *Anas crecca* **LC**
* Canvasback, *Aythya valisineria* **LC**
* Redhead, *Aythya americana* **LC**
* Common pochard, *Aythya ferina* (A) **VU**
* Ring-necked duck, *Aythya collaris* **LC**
* Tufted duck, *Aythya fuligula* **LC**
* Greater scaup, *Aythya marila* **LC**
* Lesser scaup, *Aythya affinis* **LC**
* Steller's eider, *Polysticta stelleri* **VU** **T**
* Spectacled eider, *Somateria fischeri* **NT** **T**
* King eider, *Somateria spectabilis* **LC**
* Common eider, *Somateria mollissima* **NT**
* Harlequin duck, *Histrionicus histrionicus* **LC**
* Labrador duck, *Camptorhynchus labradorius* (E) **EX**
* Surf scoter, *Melanitta perspicillata* **LC**
* Velvet scoter, *Melanitta fusca* (A) **VU**
* White-winged scoter, *Melanitta deglandi* **LC**
* Stejneger's scoter, *Melanitta stejnegeri* **LC**
* Common scoter, *Melanitta nigra* (A) **LC**
* Black scoter, *Melanitta americana* **NT**
* Long-tailed duck, *Clangula hyemalis* **VU**
* Bufflehead, *Bucephala albeola* **LC**
* Common goldeneye, *Bucephala clangula* **LC**
* Barrow's goldeneye, *Bucephala islandica* **LC**
* Smew, *Mergellus albellus* (A) **LC**
* Hooded merganser, *Lophodytes cucullatus* **LC**
* Common merganser, *Mergus merganser* **LC**
* Red-breasted merganser, *Mergus serrator* **LC**
* Masked duck, *Nomonyx dominicus* **LC**
* Ruddy duck, *Oxyura jamaicensis* **LC**

## Guans, chachalacas, and curassows

**Order**: Galliformes   **Family**: Cracidae

The chachalacas, guans and curassows are birds in the family Cracidae. These are large birds, similar in general appearance to turkeys. The guans and curassows live in trees, but the smaller chachalacas are found in more open scrubby habitats. They are generally dull-plumaged, but the curassows and some guans have colorful facial ornaments.

* Plain chachalaca, *Ortalis vetula* **LC**
* Gray-headed chachalaca, *Ortalis cinereiceps* **LC**
* Rufous-vented chachalaca, *Ortalis ruficauda* **LC**
* Rufous-bellied chachalaca, *Ortalis wagleri* **LC**
* West Mexican chachalaca, *Ortalis poliocephala* **LC**
* White-bellied chachalaca, *Ortalis leucogastra* **LC**
* Crested guan, *Penelope purpurascens* **LC**
* Black guan, *Chamaepetes unicolor* **LC**
* Highland guan, *Penelopina nigra* **VU**
* Horned guan, *Oreophasis derbianus* **EN** **E**
* Great curassow, *Crax rubra* **VU**

## Guineafowl

**Order**: Galliformes   **Family**: Numididae

Guineafowl are a group of African, seed-eating, ground-nesting birds that resemble partridges, but with featherless heads and spangled grey plumage.

* Helmeted guineafowl, *Numida meleagris* (I) **LC**

## New World quail

**Order**: Galliformes   **Family**: Odontophoridae

The New World quails are small, plump terrestrial birds only distantly related to the quails of the Old World, but named for their similar appearance and habits.

* Tawny-faced quail, *Rhynchortyx cinctus* **LC**
* Mountain quail, *Oreortyx pictus* **LC**
* Buffy-crowned wood-partridge, *Dendrortyx leucophrys* **LC**
* Long-tailed wood-partridge, *Dendrortyx macroura* **LC**
* Bearded wood-partridge, *Dendrortyx barbatus* **VU**
* Banded quail, *Philortyx fasciatus* **LC**
* Northern bobwhite, *Colinus virginianus* **NT** (Masked bobwhite *C. v. ridgwayi* : **E**)
* Black-throated bobwhite, *Colinus nigrogularis* **LC**
* Crested bobwhite, *Colinus cristatus* **LC**
* Scaled quail, *Callipepla squamata* **LC**
* Elegant quail, *Callipepla douglasii* **LC**
* California quail, *Callipepla californica* **LC**
* Gambel's quail, *Callipepla gambelii* **LC**
* Montezuma quail, *Cyrtonyx montezumae* **LC** (Merriam's Montezuma quail *C. m. merriami*: **E**)
* Ocellated quail, *Cyrtonyx ocellatus* **VU**
* Singing quail, *Dactylortyx thoracicus* **LC**
* Marbled wood-quail, *Odontophorus gujanensis* **NT**
* Black-eared wood-quail, *Odontophorus melanotis* **LC**
* Tacarcuna wood-quail, *Odontophorus dialeucos* **VU**
* Black-breasted wood-quail, *Odontophorus leucolaemus* **LC**
* Spotted wood-quail, *Odontophorus guttatus* **LC**

## Pheasants, grouse, and allies

**Order**: Galliformes   **Family**: Phasianidae

Phasianidae consists of the pheasants and their allies. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump with broad relatively short wings. Many species are gamebirds or have been domesticated as a food source for humans.

* Wild turkey, *Meleagris gallopavo* **LC**
* Ocellated turkey, *Meleagris ocellata* **NT**
* Ruffed grouse, *Bonasa umbellus* **LC**
* Spruce grouse, *Canachites canadensis* **LC**
* Willow ptarmigan, *Lagopus lagopus* **LC**
* Rock ptarmigan, *Lagopus muta* **LC**
* White-tailed ptarmigan, *Lagopus leucura* **LC**
* Greater sage-grouse, *Centrocercus urophasianus* **NT**
* Gunnison sage-grouse, *Centrocercus minimus* **EN**
* Dusky grouse, *Dendragapus obscurus* **LC**
* Sooty grouse, *Dendragapus fuliginosus* **LC**
* Sharp-tailed grouse, *Tympanuchus phasianellus* **LC**
* Greater prairie-chicken, *Tympanuchus cupido* **VU** (Attwater's prairie-chicken *T. c. attwateri*: **E**)
* Lesser prairie-chicken, *Tympanuchus pallidicinctus* **VU**
* Red junglefowl, *Gallus gallus* (I) **LC**
* Gray partridge, *Perdix perdix* (I) **LC**
* Ring-necked pheasant, *Phasianus colchicus* (I) **LC**
* Indian peafowl, *Pavo cristatus* (I) **LC**
* Himalayan snowcock, *Tetraogallus himalayensis* (I) **LC**
* Chukar, *Alectoris chukar* (I) **LC**

## Flamingos

**Order**: Phoenicopteriformes   **Family**: Phoenicopteridae

Flamingos (genus Phoenicopterus monotypic in family Phoenicopteridae) are gregarious wading birds, usually 3 to 5 feet (0.9 to 1.5 m) tall, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly-shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume and, uniquely, are used upside-down.

* Chilean flamingo, *Phoenicopterus chilensis* (I) **LC**
* Greater flamingo, *Phoenicopterus roseus* (OU) **LC**
* American flamingo, *Phoenicopterus ruber* **LC**

## Grebes

**Order**: Podicipediformes   **Family**: Podicipedidae

Grebes are small to medium-sized diving birds. They breed on fresh water, but often visit the sea when migrating and in winter. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers; however, their feet are placed far back on their bodies, making them quite ungainly on land.

* Least grebe, *Tachybaptus dominicus* **LC**
* Pied-billed grebe, *Podilymbus podiceps* **LC**
* Atitlan grebe, *Podilymbus gigas* (E) **EX** **E**
* Horned grebe, *Podiceps auritus* **VU**
* Red-necked grebe, *Podiceps grisegena* **LC**
* Eared grebe, *Podiceps nigricollis* **LC**
* Western grebe, *Aechmophorus occidentalis* **LC**
* Clark's grebe, *Aechmophorus clarkii* **LC**

## Pigeons and doves

**Order**: Columbiformes   **Family**: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.

* Rock pigeon, *Columba livia* (I) **LC**
* Common wood pigeon, *Columba palumbus* (A) **LC**
* Pale-vented pigeon, *Patagioenas cayennensis* **LC**
* Scaled pigeon, *Patagioenas speciosa* **LC**
* Scaly-naped pigeon, *Patagioenas squamosa* **LC**
* White-crowned pigeon, *Patagioenas leucocephala* **NT**
* Red-billed pigeon, *Patagioenas flavirostris* **LC**
* Plain pigeon, *Patagioenas inornata* **NT**
* Band-tailed pigeon, *Patagioenas fasciata* **LC**
* Ring-tailed pigeon, *Patagioenas caribaea* **VU**
* Plumbeous pigeon, *Patagioenas plumbea* **LC**
* Ruddy pigeon, *Patagioenas subvinacea* **VU**
* Short-billed pigeon, *Patagioenas nigrirostris* **LC**
* Dusky pigeon, *Patagioenas goodsoni* **LC**
* Oriental turtle-dove, *Streptopelia orientalis* (A) **LC**
* African collared-dove, *Streptopelia roseogrisea* (I) **LC**
* European turtle-dove, *Streptopelia turtur* (A) **VU**
* Eurasian collared-dove, *Streptopelia decaocto* (I) **LC**
* Spotted dove, *Streptopelia chinensis* (I) **LC**
* Passenger pigeon, *Ectopistes migratorius* (E) **EX**
* Inca dove, *Columbina inca* **LC**
* Common ground dove, *Columbina passerina* **LC**
* Plain-breasted ground dove, *Columbina minuta* **LC**
* Ruddy ground dove, *Columbina talpacoti* **LC**
* Blue ground dove, *Claravis pretiosa* **LC**
* Maroon-chested ground dove, *Claravis mondetoura* **LC**
* Blue-headed quail-dove, *Starnoenas cyanocephala* **EN**
* Crested quail-dove, *Geotrygon versicolor* **NT**
* Ruddy quail-dove, *Geotrygon montana* **LC**
* Violaceous quail-dove, *Geotrygon violacea* **LC**
* Gray-fronted quail-dove, *Geotrygon caniceps* **VU**
* White-fronted quail-dove, *Geotrygon leucometopia* **EN**
* Key West quail-dove, *Geotrygon chrysia* **LC**
* Bridled quail-dove, *Geotrygon mystacea* **LC**
* Olive-backed quail-dove, *Leptotrygon veraguensis* **LC**
* White-tipped dove, *Leptotila verreauxi* **LC**
* Caribbean dove, *Leptotila jamaicensis* **LC**
* Gray-chested dove, *Leptotila cassinii* **LC**
* Gray-headed dove, *Leptotila plumbeiceps* **LC**
* Grenada dove, *Leptotila wellsi* **CR**
* Tuxtla quail-dove, *Zentrygon carrikeri* **EN**
* Buff-fronted quail-dove, *Zentrygon costaricensis* **LC**
* Purplish-backed quail-dove, *Zentrygon lawrencii* **LC**
* White-faced quail-dove, *Zentrygon albifacies* **LC**
* Chiriqui quail-dove, *Zentrygon chiriquensis* **LC**
* Russet-crowned quail-dove, *Zentrygon goldmani* **NT**
* White-winged dove, *Zenaida asiatica* **LC**
* Zenaida dove, *Zenaida aurita* **LC**
* Eared dove, *Zenaida auriculata* **LC**
* Mourning dove, *Zenaida macroura* **LC**
* Socorro dove, *Zenaida graysoni* **EW**

## Sandgrouse

**Order**: Pterocliformes   **Family**: Pteroclidae

Sandgrouse have small, pigeon like heads and necks, but sturdy compact bodies. They have long pointed wings and sometimes tails and a fast direct flight. Flocks fly to watering holes at dawn and dusk. Their legs are feathered down to the toes.

* Chestnut-bellied sandgrouse, *Pterocles exustus* (I) **LC**

## Cuckoos

**Order**: Cuculiformes   **Family**: Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs.

* Greater ani, *Crotophaga major* **LC**
* Smooth-billed ani, *Crotophaga ani* **LC**
* Groove-billed ani, *Crotophaga sulcirostris* **LC**
* Striped cuckoo, *Tapera naevia* **LC**
* Pheasant cuckoo, *Dromococcyx phasianellus* **LC**
* Lesser ground-cuckoo, *Morococcyx erythropygus* **LC**
* Lesser roadrunner, *Geococcyx velox* **LC**
* Greater roadrunner, *Geococcyx californianus* **LC**
* Rufous-vented ground-cuckoo, *Neomorphus geoffroyi* **VU** (ssp. *dulcis*: **E**)
* Common cuckoo, *Cuculus canorus* (A) **LC**
* Oriental cuckoo, *Cuculus optatus* (A) **LC**
* Little cuckoo, *Coccycua minuta* **LC**
* Dwarf cuckoo, *Coccycua pumila* (A) **LC**
* Squirrel cuckoo, *Piaya cayana* **LC**
* Dark-billed cuckoo, *Coccyzus melacoryphus* **LC**
* Yellow-billed cuckoo, *Coccyzus americanus* **LC**
* Pearly-breasted cuckoo, *Coccyzus euleri* (A) **LC**
* Mangrove cuckoo, *Coccyzus minor* **LC**
* Cocos cuckoo, *Coccyzus ferrugineus* **VU**
* Black-billed cuckoo, *Coccyzus erythropthalmus* **LC**
* Gray-capped cuckoo, *Coccyzus lansbergi* **LC**
* Chestnut-bellied cuckoo, *Coccyzus pluvialis* **LC**
* Bay-breasted cuckoo, *Coccyzus rufigularis* **EN**
* Jamaican lizard-cuckoo, *Coccyzus vetula* **LC**
* Puerto Rican lizard-cuckoo, *Coccyzus vieilloti* **LC**
* Great lizard-cuckoo, *Coccyzus merlini* **LC**
* Hispaniolan lizard-cuckoo, *Coccyzus longirostris* **LC**

## Nightjars and allies

**Order**: Caprimulgiformes   **Family**: Caprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is cryptically coloured to resemble bark or leaves.

* Short-tailed nighthawk, *Lurocalis semitorquatus* **LC**
* Lesser nighthawk, *Chordeiles acutipennis* **LC**
* Common nighthawk, *Chordeiles minor* **LC**
* Antillean nighthawk, *Chordeiles gundlachii* **LC**
* Common pauraque, *Nyctidromus albicollis* **LC**
* Common poorwill, *Phalaenoptilus nuttallii* **LC**
* Jamaican pauraque, *Siphonorhis americana* (E?) **CR**
* Least pauraque, *Siphonorhis brewsteri* **NT**
* Eared poorwill, *Nyctiphrynus mcleodii* **LC**
* Yucatan poorwill, *Nyctiphrynus yucatanicus* **LC**
* Ocellated poorwill, *Nyctiphrynus ocellatus* **LC**
* Chuck-will's-widow, *Antrostomus carolinensis* **NT**
* Rufous nightjar, *Antrostomus rufus* **LC**
* Cuban nightjar, *Antrostomus cubanensis* **LC**
* Hispaniolan nightjar, *Antrostomus ekmani* **LC**
* Tawny-collared nightjar, *Antrostomus salvini* **LC**
* Yucatan nightjar, *Antrostomus badius* **LC**
* Buff-collared nightjar, *Antrostomus ridgwayi* **LC**
* Eastern whip-poor-will, *Antrostomus vociferus* **NT**
* Dusky nightjar, *Antrostomus saturatus* **LC**
* Mexican whip-poor-will, *Antrostomus arizonae* **LC**
* Puerto Rican nightjar, *Antrostomus noctitherus* **EN** **E**
* White-tailed nightjar, *Hydropsalis cayennensis* **LC**
* Spot-tailed nightjar, *Hydropsalis maculicaudus* **LC**
* Gray nightjar, *Caprimulgus jotaka* (A) **LC**

## Oilbird

**Order**: Steatornithiformes   **Family**: Steatornithidae

The oilbird is a slim, long-winged bird related to the nightjars. It is nocturnal and a specialist feeder on the fruit of the oil palm.

* Oilbird, *Steatornis caripensis* **LC**

## Potoos

**Order**: Nyctibiiformes   **Family**: Nyctibiidae

The potoos (sometimes called poor-me-ones) are large near passerine birds related to the nightjars and frogmouths. They are nocturnal insectivores which lack the bristles around the mouth found in the true nightjars.

* Great potoo, *Nyctibius grandis* **LC**
* Common potoo, *Nyctibius griseus* **LC**
* Northern potoo, *Nyctibius jamaicensis* **LC**

## Swifts

**Order**: Apodiformes   **Family**: Apodidae

The swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.

* Black swift, *Cypseloides niger* **VU**
* White-fronted swift, *Cypseloides storeri* **DD**
* White-chinned swift, *Cypseloides cryptus* **LC**
* Spot-fronted swift, *Cypseloides cherriei* **DD**
* Chestnut-collared swift, *Streptoprocne rutila* **LC**
* White-collared swift, *Streptoprocne zonaris* **LC**
* White-naped swift, *Streptoprocne semicollaris* **LC**
* Chimney swift, *Chaetura pelagica* **VU**
* Vaux's swift, *Chaetura vauxi* **LC**
* Chapman's swift, *Chaetura chapmani* (A) **LC**
* Short-tailed swift, *Chaetura brachyura* **LC**
* Sick's swift, *Chaetura meridionalis* (A) **LC**}
* Band-rumped swift, *Chaetura spinicaudus* **LC**
* Costa Rican swift, *Chaetura fumosa* **LC**
* Gray-rumped swift, *Chaetura cinereiventris* **LC**
* Lesser Antillean swift, *Chaetura martinica* **LC**
* White-throated needletail *Hirundapus caudacutus* (A) **LC**
* Common swift, *Apus apus* (A) **LC**
* House swift, *Apus nipalensis* (A) **LC**
* Fork-tailed swift, *Apus pacificus* (A) **LC**
* Alpine swift, *Apus melba* (A) **LC**
* White-throated swift, *Aeronautes saxatalis* **LC**
* Lesser swallow-tailed swift, *Panyptila cayennensis* **LC**
* Great swallow-tailed swift, *Panyptila sanctihieronymi* **LC**
* Antillean palm-swift, *Tachornis phoenicobia* **LC**

## Hummingbirds

**Order**: Apodiformes   **Family**: Trochilidae

Hummingbirds are small birds capable of hovering in mid-air due to the rapid flapping of their wings. They are the only birds that can fly backwards.

* White-necked jacobin, *Florisuga mellivora* **LC**
* White-tipped sicklebill, *Eutoxeres aquila* **LC**
* Bronzy hermit, *Glaucis aeneus* **LC**
* Rufous-breasted hermit, *Glaucis hirsutus* **LC**
* Band-tailed barbthroat, *Threnetes ruckeri* **LC**
* Green hermit, *Phaethornis guy* **LC**
* Mexican hermit, *Phaethornis mexicanus* **LC**
* Long-billed hermit, *Phaethornis longirostris* **LC**
* Pale-bellied hermit, *Phaethornis anthophilus* **LC**
* Stripe-throated hermit, *Phaethornis striigularis* **LC**
* Green-fronted lancebill, *Doryfera ludovicae* **LC**
* Brown violetear, *Colibri delphinae* **LC**
* Mexican violetear, *Colibri thalassinus* **LC**
* Lesser violetear, *Colibri cyanotus*
* Tooth-billed hummingbird, *Androdon aequatorialis* **LC**
* Purple-crowned fairy, *Heliothryx barroti* **LC**
* Ruby-topaz hummingbird, *Chrysolampis mosquitus*  **LC**
* Green-breasted mango, *Anthracothorax prevostii* **LC**
* Black-throated mango, *Anthracothorax nigricollis* **LC**
* Veraguan mango, *Anthracothorax veraguensis* **LC**
* Antillean mango, *Anthracothorax dominicus* **LC**
* Green mango, *Anthracothorax viridis* **LC**
* Jamaican mango, *Anthracothorax mango* **LC**
* Purple-throated carib, *Eulampis jugularis* **LC**
* Green-throated carib, *Eulampis holosericeus* **LC**
* Green thorntail, *Discosura conversii* **LC**
* Short-crested coquette, *Lophornis brachylophus* **CR**
* Rufous-crested coquette, *Lophornis delattrei* **LC**
* Black-crested coquette, *Lophornis helenae* **LC**
* White-crested coquette, *Lophornis adorabilis* **LC**
* Greenish puffleg, *Haplophaedia aureliae* **LC**
* Green-crowned brilliant, *Heliodoxa jacula* **LC**
* Rivoli's hummingbird, *Eugenes fulgens* **LC**
* Talamanca hummingbird, *Eugenes spectabilis*
* Fiery-throated hummingbird, *Panterpe insignis* **LC**
* Long-billed starthroat, *Heliomaster longirostris* **LC**
* Plain-capped starthroat, *Heliomaster constantii* **LC**
* Green-throated mountain-gem, *Lampornis viridipallens* **LC**
* Green-breasted mountain-gem, *Lampornis sybillae* **LC**
* Amethyst-throated hummingbird, *Lampornis amethystinus* **LC**
* Blue-throated hummingbird, *Lampornis clemenciae* **LC**
* White-bellied mountain-gem, *Lampornis hemileucus* **LC**
* Purple-throated mountain-gem, *Lampornis calolaemus* **LC**
* White-throated mountain-gem, *Lampornis castaneoventris* **LC**
* Garnet-throated hummingbird, *Lamprolaima rhami* **LC**
* Magenta-throated woodstar, *Philodice bryantae* **LC**
* Purple-throated woodstar, *Philodice mitchellii* **LC**
* Slender sheartail, *Doricha enicura* **LC**
* Mexican sheartail, *Doricha eliza* **NT**
* Sparkling-tailed hummingbird, *Tilmatura dupontii* **LC**
* Lucifer hummingbird, *Calothorax lucifer* **LC**
* Beautiful hummingbird, *Calothorax pulcher* **LC**
* Ruby-throated hummingbird, *Archilochus colubris* **LC**
* Black-chinned hummingbird, *Archilochus alexandri* **LC**
* Vervain hummingbird, *Mellisuga minima* **LC**
* Bee hummingbird, *Mellisuga helenae* **NT**
* Bahama woodstar, *Nesophlox evelynae* **LC**
* Inagua woodstar, *Nesophlox lyrura* **LC**
* Anna's hummingbird, *Calypte anna* **LC**
* Costa's hummingbird, *Calypte costae* **LC**
* Calliope hummingbird, *Selasphorus calliope* **LC**
* Rufous hummingbird, *Selasphorus rufus* **NT**
* Allen's hummingbird, *Selasphorus sasin* **LC**
* Broad-tailed hummingbird, *Selasphorus platycercus* **LC**
* Bumblebee hummingbird, *Selasphorus heloisa* **LC**
* Wine-throated hummingbird, *Selasphorus ellioti* **LC**
* Volcano hummingbird, *Selasphorus flammula* **LC**
* Scintillant hummingbird, *Selasphorus scintilla* **LC**
* Glow-throated hummingbird, *Selasphorus ardens* **EN**
* Dusky hummingbird, *Phaeoptila sordida* **LC**
* Cuban emerald, *Riccordia ricordii* **LC**
* Brace's emerald, *Riccordia bracei* (E) **EX**
* Hispaniolan emerald, *Riccordia swainsonii* **LC**
* Puerto Rican emerald, *Riccordia maugaeus* **LC**
* Blue-headed hummingbird, *Riccordia bicolor* **LC**
* Broad-billed hummingbird, *Cynanthus latirostris* **LC**
* Golden-crowned emerald, *Cynanthus auriceps* **LC**
* Cozumel emerald, *Cynanthus forficatus* **LC**
* Canivet's emerald, *Cynanthus canivetii* **LC**
* Garden emerald, *Chlorostilbon assimilis* **LC**
* White-eared hummingbird, *Basilinna leucotis* **LC**
* Xantus's hummingbird, *Basilinna xantusii* **LC**
* Wedge-tailed sabrewing, *Pampa curvipennis* **LC**
* Long-tailed sabrewing, *Pampa excellens* **NT**
* Rufous sabrewing, *Pampa rufa* **LC**
* Emerald-chinned hummingbird, *Abeillia abeillei* **LC**
* Violet-headed hummingbird, *Klais guimeti* **LC**
* Antillean crested hummingbird, *Orthorhyncus cristatus* **LC**
* Violet sabrewing, *Campylopterus hemileucurus* **LC**
* Bronze-tailed plumeleteer, *Chalybura urochrysia* **LC**
* White-vented plumeleteer, *Chalybura buffonii* **LC**
* Crowned woodnymph, *Thalurania colombica* **LC**
* Snowcap, *Microchera albocoronata* **LC**
* Coppery-headed emerald, *Microchera cupreiceps* **LC**
* White-tailed emerald, *Microchera chionura* **LC**
* Violet-capped hummingbird, *Goldmania violiceps* **NT**
* Pirre hummingbird, *Goldmania bella* **NT**
* Mexican woodnymph, *Eupherusa ridgwayi* **VU**
* White-tailed hummingbird, *Eupherusa poliocerca* **VU**
* Blue-capped hummingbird, *Eupherusa cyanophrys* **EN**
* Stripe-tailed hummingbird, *Eupherusa eximia* **LC**
* Black-bellied hummingbird, *Eupherusa nigriventris* **LC**
* Scaly-breasted hummingbird, *Phaeochroa cuvierii* **LC**
* Streamertail, *Trochilus polytmus* **LC**
* Violet-crowned hummingbird, *Leucolia violiceps* **LC**
* Green-fronted hummingbird, *Leucolia viridifrons* **LC**
* Azure-crowned hummingbird, *Saucerottia cyanocephala* **LC**
* Blue-vented hummingbird, *Saucerottia hoffmanni*
* Berylline hummingbird, *Saucerottia beryllina* **LC**
* Blue-tailed hummingbird, *Saucerottia cyanura* **LC**
* Snowy-bellied hummingbird, *Saucerottia edward* **LC**
* Cinnamon hummingbird, *Amazilia rutila* **LC**
* Buff-bellied hummingbird, *Amazilia yucatanensis* **LC**
* Rufous-tailed hummingbird, *Amazilia tzacatl* **LC**
* Honduran emerald, *Amazilia luciae* **EN**
* Mangrove hummingbird, *Amazilia boucardi* **EN**
* Amazilia hummingbird, *Amazilis amazilia* (A) **LC**
* Sapphire-throated hummingbird, *Chrysuronia coeruleogularis* **LC**
* Humboldt's sapphire, *Chrysuronia humboldtii* **LC**
* Blue-chested hummingbird, *Polyerata amabilis* **LC**
* Charming hummingbird, *Polyerata decora* **LC**
* White-bellied emerald, *Chlorestes candida* **LC**
* Blue-throated goldentail, *Chlorestes eliciae* **LC**
* Violet-bellied hummingbird, *Chlorestes julie* **LC**

## Rails, gallinules and coots

**Order**: Gruiformes   **Family**: Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots and gallinules. The most typical family members occupy dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers.

* Baillon's crake, *Zapornia pusilla* (H) **LC**
* Colombian crake, *Neocrex colombiana* **DD**
* Paint-billed crake, *Neocrex erythrops* **LC**
* Zapata rail, *Cyanolimnas cerverai* **CR**
* Spotted rail, *Pardirallus maculatus* **LC**
* Uniform crake, *Amaurolimnas concolor* **LC**
* Rufous-necked wood-rail, *Aramides axillaris* **LC**
* Russet-naped wood-rail, *Aramides albiventris* **LC**
* Gray-cowled wood-rail, *Aramides cajaneus* **LC**
* Ridgway's rail, *Rallus obsoletus* **NT** (*Rallus o. obsoletus* *R. o. obsoletus*, *R. o. yumanensis* and *R. o. levipes*: **E**)
* Clapper rail, *Rallus crepitans* **LC**
* Aztec rail, *Rallus tenuirostris* **NT**
* Mangrove rail, *Rallus longirostris* **LC**
* King rail, *Rallus elegans* **NT**
* Virginia rail, *Rallus limicola* **LC**
* Western water-rail, *Rallus aquaticus* (A) **LC**
* Corn crake, *Crex crex* (A) **LC**
* Sora, *Porzana carolina* **LC**
* Spotted crake, *Porzana porzana* (A) **LC**
* Common gallinule, *Gallinula galeata* **LC**
* Common moorhen, *Gallinula chloropus* (A) **LC**
* Eurasian coot, *Fulica atra* (A) **LC**
* American coot, *Fulica americana* **LC**
* Purple gallinule, *Porphyrio martinicus* **LC**
* Azure gallinule, *Porphyrio flavirostris* (A) **LC**
* Purple swamphen, *Porphyrio porphyrio*  (I)
* Ocellated crake, *Micropygia schomburgkii* (A) **LC**
* Yellow rail, *Coturnicops noveboracensis* **LC**
* Yellow-breasted crake, *Hapalocrex flaviventer* **LC**
* Ruddy crake, *Laterallus ruber* **LC**
* White-throated crake, *Laterallus albigularis* **LC**
* Gray-breasted crake, *Laterallus exilis* **LC**
* Black rail, *Laterallus jamaicensis* **EN**

## Finfoots

**Order**: Gruiformes   **Family**: Heliornithidae

Heliornithidae is a small family of tropical birds with webbed lobes on their feet similar to those of grebes and coots.

* Sungrebe, *Heliornis fulica* **LC**

## Limpkin

**Order**: Gruiformes   **Family**: Aramidae

The limpkin is an odd bird that looks like a large rail, but is skeletally closer to the cranes. It is found in marshes with some trees or scrub in the Caribbean, South America and southern Florida.

* Limpkin, *Aramus guarauna* **LC**

## Cranes

**Order**: Gruiformes   **Family**: Gruidae

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".

* Gray crowned crane, *Balearica regulorum* (I) (H) **EN**
* Sarus crane, *Antigone antigone* (I) (H) **VU**
* Sandhill crane, *Antigone canadensis* **LC** (ssp. *nesiotes* and *pulla*: **E**)
* Common crane, *Grus grus* (A) **LC**
* Whooping crane, *Grus americana* **EN** **E** (and **XN**)
* Hooded crane, *Grus monacha* (A) **VU**
* Demoiselle crane, *Grus virgo* (OU) **LC**

## Thick-knees

**Order**: Charadriiformes   **Family**: Burhinidae

The thick-knees are a group of waders found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow-black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats.

* Double-striped thick-knee, *Burhinus bistriatus* **LC**

## Stilts and avocets

**Order**: Charadriiformes   **Family**: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.

* Black-winged stilt, *Himantopus himantopus* (A) **LC**
* Black-necked stilt, *Himantopus mexicanus* **LC** (Hawaiian stilt *H. m. knudseni*: **E**)
* American avocet, *Recurvirostra americana* **LC**

## Oystercatchers

**Order**: Charadriiformes   **Family**: Haematopodidae

The oystercatchers are large, obvious and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs.

* Eurasian oystercatcher, *Haematopus ostralegus* (A) **NT**
* American oystercatcher, *Haematopus palliatus* **LC**
* Black oystercatcher, *Haematopus bachmani* **LC**

## Lapwings and plovers

**Order**: Charadriiformes   **Family**: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.

* Northern lapwing, *Vanellus vanellus* (A) **NT**
* Southern lapwing, *Vanellus chilensis* (A) **LC**
* Black-bellied plover, *Pluvialis squatarola* **LC**
* European golden-plover, *Pluvialis apricaria* (C) **LC**
* American golden-plover, *Pluvialis dominica* **LC**
* Pacific golden-plover, *Pluvialis fulva* **LC**
* Eurasian dotterel, *Charadrius morinellus* (A) **LC**
* Killdeer, *Charadrius vociferus* **LC**
* Common ringed plover, *Charadrius hiaticula* **LC**
* Semipalmated plover, *Charadrius semipalmatus* **LC**
* Piping plover, *Charadrius melodus* **NT** **T** or **E**
* Little ringed plover, *Charadrius dubius* (A) **LC**
* Lesser sand plover, *Charadrius mongolus* (A) **LC**
* Greater sand plover, *Charadrius leschenaultii* (A) **LC**
* Oriental plover, *Charadrius veredus* (A) **LC**
* Wilson's plover, *Charadrius wilsonia* **LC**
* Collared plover, *Charadrius collaris* **LC**
* Mountain plover, *Charadrius montanus* **NT**
* Snowy plover, *Charadrius nivosus* **NT**)

## Jacanas

**Order**: Charadriiformes   **Family**: Jacanidae

The jacanas are a group of waders found worldwide within the tropical zone. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat.

* Northern jacana, *Jacana spinosa* **LC**
* Wattled jacana, *Jacana jacana* **LC**

## Sandpipers and allies

**Order**: Charadriiformes   **Family**: Scolopacidae

Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Different lengths of legs and bills enable multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.

* Upland sandpiper, *Bartramia longicauda* **LC**
* Bristle-thighed curlew, *Numenius tahitiensis* **VU**
* Whimbrel, *Numenius phaeopus* **LC**
* Little curlew, *Numenius minutus* (A) **LC**
* Eskimo curlew, *Numenius borealis* (E?) **CR** **E**
* Long-billed curlew, *Numenius americanus* **LC**
* Far Eastern curlew, *Numenius madagascariensis* (A) **EN**
* Slender-billed curlew, *Numenius tenuirostris* (E?) **CR** **E**
* Eurasian curlew, *Numenius arquata* (A) **NT**
* Bar-tailed godwit, *Limosa lapponica* **NT**
* Black-tailed godwit, *Limosa limosa* (A) **NT**
* Hudsonian godwit, *Limosa haemastica* **LC**
* Marbled godwit, *Limosa fedoa* **LC**
* Ruddy turnstone, *Arenaria interpres* **LC**
* Black turnstone, *Arenaria melanocephala* **LC**
* Great knot, *Calidris tenuirostris* (A) **EN**
* Red knot, *Calidris canutus* **NT**
* Surfbird, *Calidris virgata* **LC**
* Ruff, *Calidris pugnax* **LC**
* Broad-billed sandpiper, *Calidris falcinellus* (A) **LC**
* Sharp-tailed sandpiper, *Calidris acuminata* (A) **LC**
* Stilt sandpiper, *Calidris himantopus* **LC**
* Curlew sandpiper, *Calidris ferruginea* **NT**
* Temminck's stint, *Calidris temminckii* (A) **LC**
* Long-toed stint, *Calidris subminuta* (A) **LC**
* Spoon-billed sandpiper, *Calidris pygmea* (A) **CR**
* Red-necked stint, *Calidris ruficollis* **NT**
* Sanderling, *Calidris alba* **LC**
* Dunlin, *Calidris alpina* **LC**
* Rock sandpiper, *Calidris ptilocnemis* **LC**
* Purple sandpiper, *Calidris maritima* **LC**
* Baird's sandpiper, *Calidris bairdii* **LC**
* Little stint, *Calidris minuta* (A) **LC**
* Least sandpiper, *Calidris minutilla* **LC**
* White-rumped sandpiper, *Calidris fuscicollis* **LC**
* Buff-breasted sandpiper, *Calidris subruficollis* **NT**
* Pectoral sandpiper, *Calidris melanotos* **LC**
* Semipalmated sandpiper, *Calidris pusilla* **NT**
* Western sandpiper, *Calidris mauri* **LC**
* Short-billed dowitcher, *Limnodromus griseus* **LC**
* Long-billed dowitcher, *Limnodromus scolopaceus* **LC**
* Jack snipe, *Lymnocryptes minimus* (A) **LC**
* Eurasian woodcock, *Scolopax rusticola* (A) **LC**
* American woodcock, *Scolopax minor* **LC**
* Solitary snipe, *Gallinago solitaria* (A) **LC**
* Pin-tailed snipe, *Gallinago stenura* (A) **LC**
* Common snipe, *Gallinago gallinago* **LC**
* Wilson's snipe, *Gallinago delicata* **LC**)
* Terek sandpiper, *Xenus cinereus* (A) **LC**
* Common sandpiper, *Actitis hypoleucos* (A) **LC**
* Spotted sandpiper, *Actitis macularius* **LC**
* Green sandpiper, *Tringa ochropus* (A) **LC**
* Solitary sandpiper, *Tringa solitaria* **LC**
* Gray-tailed tattler, *Tringa brevipes* (A) **NT**
* Wandering tattler, *Tringa incana* **LC**
* Lesser yellowlegs, *Tringa flavipes* **LC**
* Willet, *Tringa semipalmata* **LC**
* Spotted redshank, *Tringa erythropus* (A) **LC**
* Common greenshank, *Tringa nebularia* (A) **LC**
* Greater yellowlegs, *Tringa melanoleuca* **LC**
* Common redshank, *Tringa totanus* (A) **LC**
* Wood sandpiper, *Tringa glareola* **LC**
* Marsh sandpiper, *Tringa stagnatilis* (A) **LC**
* Wilson's phalarope, *Phalaropus tricolor* **LC**
* Red-necked phalarope, *Phalaropus lobatus* **LC**
* Red phalarope, *Phalaropus fulicarius* **LC**

## Pratincoles and coursers

**Order**: Charadriiformes   **Family**: Glareolidae

Pratincoles have short legs, very long pointed wings and long forked tails. Their most unusual feature for birds classed as waders is that they typically hunt their insect prey on the wing like swallows, although they can also feed on the ground. Their short bills are an adaptation to aerial feeding.

* Collared pratincole, *Glareola pratincola* (A) **LC**
* Oriental pratincole, *Glareola maldivarum* (A) **LC**

## Skuas and jaegers

**Order**: Charadriiformes   **Family**: Stercorariidae

Skuas are in general medium to large birds, typically with gray or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They have longish bills with hooked tips and webbed feet with sharp claws. They look like large dark gulls, but have a fleshy cere above the upper mandible. They are strong, acrobatic fliers.

* Great skua, *Stercorarius skua* **LC**
* South polar skua, *Stercorarius maccormicki* **LC**
* Pomarine jaeger, *Stercorarius pomarinus* **LC**
* Parasitic jaeger, *Stercorarius parasiticus* **LC**
* Long-tailed jaeger, *Stercorarius longicaudus* **LC**

## Auks, murres and puffins

**Order**: Charadriiformes   **Family**: Alcidae

Alcids are superficially similar to penguins due to their black-and-white colors, their upright posture and some of their habits, however they are only distantly related to the penguins and are able to fly. Auks live on the open sea, only deliberately coming ashore to nest.

* Dovekie, *Alle alle* **LC**
* Common murre, *Uria aalge* **LC**
* Thick-billed murre, *Uria lomvia* **LC**
* Razorbill, *Alca torda* **NT**
* Great auk, *Pinguinus impennis* (E) **EX**
* Black guillemot, *Cepphus grylle* **LC**
* Pigeon guillemot, *Cepphus columba* **LC**
* Long-billed murrelet, *Brachyramphus perdix* **NT**
* Marbled murrelet, *Brachyramphus marmoratus* **EN** **T**
* Kittlitz's murrelet, *Brachyramphus brevirostris* **NT**
* Scripps's murrelet, *Synthliboramphus scrippsi* **VU**
* Guadalupe murrelet, *Synthliboramphus hypoleucus* **EN**
* Craveri's murrelet, *Synthliboramphus craveri* **VU**
* Ancient murrelet, *Synthliboramphus antiquus* **LC**
* Cassin's auklet, *Ptychoramphus aleuticus* **NT**
* Parakeet auklet, *Aethia psittacula* **LC**
* Least auklet, *Aethia pusilla* **LC**
* Whiskered auklet, *Aethia pygmaea* **LC**
* Crested auklet, *Aethia cristatella* **LC**
* Rhinoceros auklet, *Cerorhinca monocerata* **LC**
* Atlantic puffin, *Fratercula arctica* **VU**
* Horned puffin, *Fratercula corniculata* **LC**
* Tufted puffin, *Fratercula cirrhata* **LC**

## Gulls, terns, and skimmers

**Order**: Charadriiformes   **Family**: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds and includes gulls, terns, kittiwakes and skimmers. Gulls are typically gray or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. Terns are a group of generally medium to large seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years. Skimmers are a small family of tropical tern-like birds. They have an elongated lower mandible which they use to feed by flying low over the water surface and skimming the water for small fish.

* Swallow-tailed gull, *Creagrus furcatus* (A) **LC**
* Black-legged kittiwake, *Rissa tridactyla* **VU**
* Red-legged kittiwake, *Rissa brevirostris* **VU**
* Ivory gull, *Pagophila eburnea* **NT**
* Sabine's gull, *Xema sabini* **LC**
* Bonaparte's gull, *Chroicocephalus philadelphia* **LC**
* Gray-hooded gull, *Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus* (A) **LC**
* Black-headed gull, *Chroicocephalus ridibundus* **LC**
* Little gull, *Hydrocoloeus minutus* **LC**
* Ross's gull, *Rhodostethia rosea* **LC**
* Gray gull, *Leucophaeus modestus* (A) **LC**
* Laughing gull, *Leucophaeus atricilla* **LC**
* Franklin's gull, *Leucophaeus pipixcan* **LC**
* Pallas's gull, *Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus* (A) **LC**
* Belcher's gull, *Larus belcheri* (A) **LC**
* Black-tailed gull, *Larus crassirostris* (A) **LC**
* Heermann's gull, *Larus heermanni* **NT**
* Common gull, *Larus canus* **LC**
* Short-billed gull, *Larus brachyrhynchus*
* Ring-billed gull, *Larus delawarensis* **LC**
* Western gull, *Larus occidentalis* **LC**
* Yellow-footed gull, *Larus livens* **LC**
* California gull, *Larus californicus* **LC**
* Herring gullLarus argentatus ***LC**)*
* Yellow-legged gull, *Larus cachinnans* (A) **LC**
* Iceland gull, *Larus glaucoides* **LC**)
* Lesser black-backed gull, *Larus fuscus* **LC**
* Slaty-backed gull, *Larus schistisagus* **LC**
* Glaucous-winged gull, *Larus glaucescens* **LC**
* Glaucous gull, *Larus hyperboreus* **LC**
* Great black-backed gull, *Larus marinus* **LC**
* Kelp gull, *Larus dominicanus* **LC**
* Brown noddy, *Anous stolidus* **LC**
* Black noddy, *Anous minutus* **LC**
* White tern, *Gygis alba* **LC**
* Sooty tern, *Onychoprion fuscatus* **LC**
* Bridled tern, *Onychoprion anaethetus* **LC**
* Aleutian tern, *Onychoprion aleuticus* **VU**
* Least tern, *Sternula antillarum* **LC** **E** (California least tern *S. a. browni*: **E**)
* Yellow-billed tern, *Sternula superciliaris* **LC**
* Large-billed tern, *Phaetusa simplex* (A) **LC**
* Gull-billed tern, *Gelochelidon nilotica* **LC**
* Caspian tern, *Hydroprogne caspia* **LC**
* Inca tern, *Larosterna inca* (A) **NT**
* Black tern, *Chlidonias niger* **LC**
* White-winged tern, *Chlidonias leucopterus* (A) **LC**
* Whiskered tern, *Chlidonias hybridus* (A) **LC**
* Roseate tern, *Sterna dougallii* **LC** (ssp. *dougallii*: **E** or **T**
* Common tern, *Sterna hirundo* **LC**
* Arctic tern, *Sterna paradisaea* **LC**
* Forster's tern, *Sterna forsteri* **LC**
* Royal tern, *Thalasseus maximus* **LC**
* Sandwich tern, *Thalasseus sandvicensis* **LC**
* Elegant tern, *Thalasseus elegans* **NT**
* Black skimmer, *Rynchops niger* **LC**

## Sunbittern

**Order**: Eurypygiformes   **Family**: Eurypygidae

The sunbittern is a bittern-like bird of tropical regions of the Americas and the sole member of the family Eurypygidae (sometimes spelled Eurypigidae) and genus *Eurypyga*.

* Sunbittern, *Eurypyga helias* **LC**

## Tropicbirds

**Order**: Phaethontiformes   **Family**: Phaethontidae

Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans which have exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their heads and long wings have black markings.

* White-tailed tropicbird, *Phaethon lepturus* **LC**
* Red-billed tropicbird, *Phaethon aethereus* **LC**
* Red-tailed tropicbird, *Phaethon rubricauda* **LC**

## Penguins

**Order**: Sphenisciformes   **Family**: Spheniscidae

The penguins are a group of aquatic, flightless birds living almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere. Most penguins feed on krill, fish, squid, and other forms of sealife caught while swimming underwater.

* Humboldt penguin, *Spheniscus humboldti* (A) **VU**
* Magellanic penguin, *Spheniscus magellanicus* (A) **LC**
* Galapagos penguin, *Spheniscus mendiculus* (A) **EN**

## Loons

**Order**: Gaviiformes   **Family**: Gaviidae

Loons are aquatic birds the size of a large duck, to which they are unrelated. Their plumage is largely gray or black, and they have spear-shaped bills. Loons swim well and fly adequately, but, because their legs are placed towards the rear of the body, are almost helpless on land.

* Red-throated loon, *Gavia stellata* **LC**
* Arctic loon, *Gavia arctica* **LC**
* Pacific loon, *Gavia pacifica* **LC**
* Common loon, *Gavia immer* **LC**
* Yellow-billed loon, *Gavia adamsii* **NT**

## Albatrosses

**Order**: Procellariiformes   **Family**: Diomedeidae

The albatrosses are amongst the largest of flying birds, and the great albatrosses from the genus *Diomedea* have the largest wingspans of any extant birds.

* Yellow-nosed albatross, *Thalassarche chlororhynchos* (C) **EN**
* White-capped albatross, *Thalassarche cauta* **NT**
* Chatham albatross, *Thalassarche eremita* (A) **VU**
* Salvin's albatross, *Thalassarche salvini* (A) **VU**
* Black-browed albatross, *Thalassarche melanophris* (A) **LC**
* Light-mantled albatross, *Phoebetria palpebrata* (A) **NT**
* Wandering albatross, *Diomedea exulans* (A) **VU**
* Laysan albatross, *Phoebastria immutabilis* **NT**
* Black-footed albatross, *Phoebastria nigripes* **NT**
* Waved albatross, *Phoebastria irrorata* (A) **CR**
* Short-tailed albatross, *Phoebastria albatrus* **VU** **E**

## Southern storm-petrels

**Order**: Procellariiformes   **Family**: Oceanitidae

The southern storm-petrels are the smallest seabirds, relatives of the petrels, feeding on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like. Until 2018, this family's three species were included with the other storm-petrels in family Hydrobatidae.

* Wilson's storm-petrel, *Oceanites oceanicus* **LC**
* White-faced storm-petrel, *Pelagodroma marina* **LC**
* Black-bellied storm-petrel, *Fregetta tropica* (A) **LC**

## Northern storm-petrels

**Order**: Procellariiformes   **Family**: Hydrobatidae

Though the members of this family are similar in many respects to the southern storm-petrels, including their general appearance and habits, there are enough genetic differences to warrant their placement in a separate family.

* European storm-petrel, *Hydrobates pelagicus* (A) **LC**
* Fork-tailed storm-petrel, *Hydrobates furcatus* **LC**
* Ringed storm-petrel, *Hydrobates hornbyi* (A) **NT**
* Swinhoe's storm-petrel, *Hydrobates monorhis* (A) **NT**
* Leach's storm-petrel, *Hydrobates leucorhous* **VU**
* Townsend's storm-petrel, *Hydrobates socorroensis* **EN**
* Ainley's storm-petrel, *Hydrobates cheimomnestes* **VU**
* Ashy storm-petrel, *Hydrobates homochroa* **EN**
* Band-rumped storm-petrel, *Hydrobates castro* **LC**
* Wedge-rumped storm-petrel, *Hydrobates tethys* (C) **LC**
* Black storm-petrel, *Hydrobates melania* **LC**
* Guadalupe storm-petrel, *Hydrobates macrodactylus* (E) **CR**
* Markham's storm-petrel, *Hydrobates markhami* (A) **NT**
* Tristram's storm-petrel, *Hydrobates tristrami* (A) **LC**
* Least storm-petrel, *Hydrobates microsoma* **LC**

## Shearwaters and petrels

**Order**: Procellariiformes   **Family**: Procellariidae

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterized by united nostrils with medium septum and a long outer functional primary.

* Northern fulmar, *Fulmarus glacialis* **LC**
* Gray-faced petrel, *Pterodroma gouldi* (A) **LC**
* Providence petrel, *Pterodroma solandri* (A) **VU**
* Kermadec petrel, *Pterodroma neglecta* (A) **LC**
* Trindade petrel, *Pterodroma arminjoniana* **VU**
* Herald petrel, *Pterodroma heraldica* (A) **VU**
* Murphy's petrel, *Pterodroma ultima* **LC**
* Mottled petrel, *Pterodroma inexpectata* **NT**
* Bermuda petrel, *Pterodroma cahow* **EN** **E**
* Jamaican petrel, *Pterodoma caribbea* (E?) **CR**
* Black-capped petrel, *Pterodroma hasitata* **EN**
* Juan Fernandez petrel, *Pterodroma externa* (A) **VU**
* Galapagos petrel, *Pterodroma phaeopygia* (A) **CR**
* Hawaiian petrel *Pterodroma sandwichensis* (C) **EN**
* Fea's petrel *Pterodroma feae* **NT**
* Zino's petrel, *Pterodroma madeira* (A) **EN**
* Cook's petrel, *Pterodroma cookii* **VU**
* Stejneger's petrel, *Pterodroma longirostris* (C) **VU**
* Tahiti petrel,  *Pseudobulweria rostrata* (A) **NT**
* Bulwer's petrel, *Bulweria bulwerii* (A) **LC**
* White-chinned petrel, *Procellaria aequinoctialis* (A) **VU**
* Parkinson's petrel, *Procellaria parkinsoni* **VU**
* Streaked shearwater, *Calonectris leucomelas* (C) **NT**
* Cory's shearwater, *Calonectris diomedea* **LC**
* Cape Verde shearwater, *Calonectris edwardsii* (A) **NT**
* Wedge-tailed shearwater, *Ardenna pacifica* (C) **LC**}
* Buller's shearwater, *Ardenna bulleri* **VU**
* Short-tailed shearwater, *Ardenna tenuirostris* **LC**
* Sooty shearwater, *Ardenna grisea* **NT**
* Great shearwater, *Ardenna gravis* **LC**
* Pink-footed shearwater, *Ardenna creatopus* **VU**
* Flesh-footed shearwater, *Ardenna carneipes* **NT**
* Christmas shearwater, *Puffinus nativitatis* (A) **LC**
* Galapagos shearwater, *Puffinus subalaris* (A) **LC**
* Manx shearwater, *Puffinus puffinus* **LC**
* Townsend's shearwater, *Puffinus auricularis* (A) **CR**
* Newell's shearwater *Puffinus newelli* **CR**
* Black-vented shearwater, *Puffinus opisthomelas* **NT**
* Audubon's shearwater, *Puffinus lherminieri* **LC**
* Barolo shearwater, *Puffinus baroli* (A)

## Storks

**Order**: Ciconiiformes   **Family**: Ciconiidae

Storks are large, heavy, long-legged, long-necked wading birds with long stout bills and wide wingspans. They lack the powder down that other wading birds such as herons, spoonbills and ibises use to clean off fish slime. Storks lack a pharynx and are mute.

* White stork, *Ciconia cionia* (A) **LC**
* Maguari stork, *Ciconia maguari* (A) **LC**
* Jabiru, *Jabiru mycteria* **LC**
* Wood stork, *Mycteria americana* **LC** **E**

## Frigatebirds

**Order**: Suliformes   **Family**: Fregatidae

Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black or black and white, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have colored inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.

* Lesser frigatebird, *Fregata ariel* (A) **LC**
* Magnificent frigatebird, *Fregata magnificens* **LC**
* Great frigatebird, *Fregata minor* **LC**

## Boobies and gannets

**Order**: Suliformes   **Family**: Sulidae

The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish.

* Masked booby, *Sula dactylatra* **LC**
* Nazca booby, *Sula granti* **LC**
* Blue-footed booby, *Sula nebouxii* **LC**
* Peruvian booby, *Sula variegata* (A) **LC**
* Brown booby, *Sula leucogaster* **LC**
* Red-footed booby, *Sula sula* **LC**
* Northern gannet, *Morus bassanus* **LC**

## Darters

**Order**: Suliformes   **Family**: Anhingidae

Darters or anhingas are cormorant-like water birds with very long necks and long, straight beaks. They are fish eaters which often swim with only their neck above the water.

* Anhinga, *Anhinga anhinga* **LC**
* African darter, *Anhinga rufa* (OU) **LC**

## Cormorants and shags

**Order**: Suliformes   **Family**: Phalacrocoracidae

Cormorants are medium-to-large aquatic birds, usually with mainly dark plumage and areas of colored skin on the face. The bill is long, thin and sharply hooked. Their feet are four-toed and webbed.

* Brandt's cormorant, *Urile penicillatus* **LC**
* Red-faced cormorant, *Urile urile* **LC**
* Pelagic cormorant, *Urile pelagicus* **LC**
* Great cormorant, *Phalacrocorax carbo* **LC**
* Double-crested cormorant, *Nannopterum auritum* **LC**
* Neotropic cormorant, *Nannopterum brasilianum* **LC**
* Guanay cormorant, *Leucocarbo bougainvilliorum*  (A) **NT**

## Pelicans

**Order**: Pelecaniformes   **Family**: Pelecanidae

Pelicans are very large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. Like other birds in the order Pelecaniformes, they have four webbed toes.

* American white pelican, *Pelecanus erythrorhynchos* **LC**
* Brown pelican, *Pelecanus occidentalis* **LC**
* Great white pelican, *Pelecanus onocrotalus* (A) **LC**
* Pink-backed pelican, *Pelecanus rufescens* (OU) **LC**
* Peruvian pelican, *Pelecanus thagus* (A) **NT**

## Herons, egrets, and bitterns

**Order**: Pelecaniformes   **Family**: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the herons, egrets and bitterns. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more secretive. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises and spoonbills.

* Pinnated bittern, *Botaurus pinnatus* **LC**
* American bittern, *Botaurus lentiginosus* **LC**
* Eurasian bittern, *Botaurus stellaris* (H) **LC**
* Yellow bittern, *Ixobrychus sinensis* (A) **LC**
* Least bittern, *Ixobrychus exilis* **LC**
* Little bittern, *Ixobrychus minutus* (A) **LC**
* Rufescent tiger-heron, *Tigrisoma lineatum* **LC**
* Fasciated tiger-heron, *Tigrisoma fasciatum* **LC**
* Bare-throated tiger-heron, *Tigrisoma mexicanum* **LC**
* Great blue heron, *Ardea herodias* **LC**
* Gray heron, *Ardea cinerea* (A) **LC**
* Cocoi heron, *Ardea cocoi* **LC**
* Purple heron, *Ardea purpurea* (A) **LC**
* Great egret, *Ardea alba* **LC**
* Intermediate egret, *Ardea intermedia* (A) **LC**
* Whistling heron, *Syrigma sibilatrix* (A) **LC**
* Chinese egret, *Egretta eulophotes* (A) **VU** **E**
* Little egret, *Egretta garzetta* (C) **LC**
* Western reef-heron, *Egretta gularis* (A) **LC**
* Snowy egret, *Egretta thula* **LC**
* Little blue heron, *Egretta caerulea* **LC**
* Tricolored heron, *Egretta tricolor* **LC**
* Reddish egret, *Egretta rufescens* **NT**
* Cattle egret, *Bubulcus ibis* **LC**
* Chinese pond-heron, *Ardeola bacchus* (A) **LC**
* Squacco heron, *Ardeola ralloides* (A) **LC**
* Green heron, *Butorides virescens* **LC**
* Striated heron, *Butorides striata* **LC**
* Agami heron, *Agamia agami* **VU**
* Capped heron, *Pilherodius pileatus* **LC**
* Black-crowned night-heron, *Nycticorax nycticorax* **LC**
* Yellow-crowned night-heron, *Nyctanassa violacea* **LC**
* Boat-billed heron, *Cochlearius cochlearius* **LC**

## Ibises and spoonbills

**Order**: Pelecaniformes   **Family**: Threskiornithidae

Members of this family have long, broad wings, are strong fliers and, rather surprisingly, given their size and weight, very capable soarers. The body tends to be elongated, the neck more so, with rather long legs. The bill is also long, decurved in the case of the ibises, straight and distinctively flattened in the spoonbills.

* White ibis, *Eudocimus albus* **LC**
* Scarlet ibis, *Eudocimus ruber* **LC**
* Glossy ibis, *Plegadis falcinellus* **LC**
* White-faced ibis, *Plegadis chihi* **LC**
* Green ibis, *Mesembrinibis cayennensis* **LC**
* Bare-faced ibis, *Phimosus infuscatus* (A) **LC**
* Buff-necked ibis, *Theristicus caudatus* (A) **LC**
* African sacred ibis, *Threskiornis aethiopicus* (I) **LC**
* Eurasian spoonbill, *Platalea leucorodia* (A) **LC**
* Roseate spoonbill, *Platalea ajaja* **LC**

## New World vultures

**Order**: Cathartiformes   **Family**: Cathartidae

The New World vultures are not closely related to Old World vultures, but superficially resemble them because of convergent evolution. Like the Old World vultures, they are scavengers. However, unlike Old World vultures, which find carcasses by sight, New World vultures have a good sense of smell with which they locate carcasses.

* California condor, *Gymnogyps californianus* **CR** **E** (and **XN**)
* King vulture, *Sarcoramphus papa* **LC**
* Black vulture, *Coragyps atratus* **LC**
* Turkey vulture, *Cathartes aura* **LC**
* Lesser yellow-headed vulture, *Cathartes burrovianus* **LC**

## Osprey

**Order**: Accipitriformes   **Family**: Pandionidae

Pandionidae is a family of fish-eating birds of prey, possessing a very large, powerful hooked beak for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight. The family is monotypic.

* Osprey, *Pandion haliaetus* **LC**

## Hawks, eagles, and kites

**Order**: Accipitriformes   **Family**: Accipitridae

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey, which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have very large powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight.

* Pearl kite, *Gampsonyx swainsonii* **LC**
* White-tailed kite, *Elanus leucurus* **LC**
* Hook-billed kite, *Chondrohierax uncinatus* **LC** (*C. u. mirus* and Cuban kite *C. (u.) wilsonii*: **E**)
* Gray-headed kite, *Leptodon cayanensis* **LC**
* Swallow-tailed kite, *Elanoides forficatus* **LC**
* Crested eagle, *Morphnus guianensis* **NT**
* Harpy eagle, *Harpia harpyja* **NT** **E**
* Golden eagle, *Aquila chrysaetos* **LC**
* Black hawk-eagle, *Spizaetus tyrannus* **LC**
* Black-and-white hawk-eagle, *Spizaetus melanoleucus* **LC**
* Ornate hawk-eagle, *Spizaetus ornatus* **NT**
* Double-toothed kite, *Harpagus bidentatus* **LC**
* Northern harrier, *Circus hudsonius* **LC**
* Long-winged harrier, *Circus buffoni* **LC**
* Western marsh harrier, *Circus aeruginosus* (A) **LC**
* Gray-bellied hawk, *Accipiter poliogaster* (A) **NT**
* Tiny hawk, *Accipiter superciliosus* **LC**
* Chinese sparrowhawk, *Accipiter soloensis* (A) **LC**
* Sharp-shinned hawk, *Accipiter striatus* **LC** (Accipiter striatus venator *A. s. venator*: **E**
* Cooper's hawk, *Accipiter cooperii* **LC**
* Gundlach's hawk, *Accipiter gundlachi* **EN**
* Bicolored hawk, *Accipiter bicolor* **LC**
* Northern goshawk, *Accipiter gentilis* **LC**
* Eurasian sparrowhawk, *Accipiter nisus* (A) **LC**
* Bald eagle, *Haliaeetus leucocephalus* **LC**
* White-tailed eagle, *Haliaeetus albicilla* (C) **LC** (ssp. *groenlandicus*: **E**)
* Steller's sea-eagle, *Haliaeetus pelagicus* (C) **VU**
* Booted eagle, *Hieraaetus pennatus* (A) **LC**
* Mississippi kite, *Ictinia mississippiensis* **LC**
* Plumbeous kite, *Ictinia plumbea* **LC**
* Black-collared hawk, *Busarellus nigricollis* **LC**
* Crane hawk, *Geranospiza caerulescens* **LC**
* Snail kite, *Rostrhamus sociabilis* **LC** (ssp. *plumbeus*: **E**)
* Slender-billed kite, *Helicolestes hamatus* **LC**
* Plumbeous hawk, *Cryptoleucopteryx plumbea*  **VU**
* Common black hawk, *Buteogallus anthracinus* **LC**
* Cuban black hawk, *Buteogallus gundlachii* **NT**
* Savanna hawk, *Buteogallus meridionalis* **LC**
* Great black hawk, *Buteogallus urubitinga* **LC**
* Solitary eagle, *Buteogallus solitarius* **NT**
* Barred hawk, *Morphnarchus princeps* **LC**
* Roadside hawk, *Rupornis magnirostris* **LC**
* Harris's hawk, *Parabuteo unicinctus* **LC**
* White-tailed hawk, *Geranoaetus albicaudatus* **LC**
* White hawk, *Pseudastur albicollis* **LC**
* Semiplumbeous hawk, *Leucopternis semiplumbeus* **LC**
* Gray hawk, *Buteo plagiatus* (*B. nitidus*: **LC**)
* Gray-lined hawk, *Buteo nitidus* **LC**
* Red-shouldered hawk, *Buteo lineatus* **LC**
* Ridgway's hawk, *Buteo ridgwayi* **CR**
* Broad-winged hawk, *Buteo platypterus* **LC** (ssp. *brunnescens*: **E**)
* Short-tailed hawk, *Buteo brachyurus* **LC**
* Swainson's hawk, *Buteo swainsoni* **LC**
* Zone-tailed hawk, *Buteo albonotatus* **LC**
* Red-tailed hawk, *Buteo jamaicensis* **LC**
* Rough-legged hawk, *Buteo lagopus* **LC**
* Ferruginous hawk, *Buteo regalis* **LC**
* Long-legged buzzard, *Buteo rufinus* (A) **LC**

## Barn-owls

**Order**: Strigiformes   **Family**: Tytonidae

Barn-owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.

* Barn owl, *Tyto alba* **LC**
* Ashy-faced owl, *Tyto glaucops* **LC**

## Owls

**Order**: Strigiformes   **Family**: Strigidae

Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.

* Oriental scops-owl, *Otus sunia* (A) **LC**
* Flammulated owl, *Psiloscops flammeolus* **LC**
* Puerto Rican owl, *Gymnasio nudipes* **LC**
* Whiskered screech-owl, *Megascops trichopsis* **LC**
* Bare-shanked screech-owl, *Megascops clarkii* **LC**
* Tropical screech-owl, *Megascops choliba* **LC**
* Bearded screech-owl, *Megascops barbarus* **VU**
* Pacific screech-owl, *Megascops cooperi* **LC**
* Western screech-owl, *Megascops kennicottii* **LC**
* Eastern screech-owl, *Megascops asio* **LC**
* Balsas screech-owl, *Megascops seductus* **NT**
* Middle American screech-owl, *Megascops guatemalae* **LC**
* Choco screech-owl, *Megascops centralis*
* Bare-legged owl, *Margarobyas lawrencii* **LC**
* Crested owl, *Lophostrix cristata* **LC**
* Spectacled owl, *Pulsatrix perspicillata* **LC**
* Great horned owl, *Bubo virginianus* **LC**
* Snowy owl, *Bubo scandiacus* **VU**
* Northern hawk owl, *Surnia ulula* **LC**
* Northern pygmy-owl, *Glaucidium gnoma* **LC**
* Costa Rican pygmy-owl, *Glaucidium costaricanum* **LC**
* Central American pygmy-owl, *Glaucidium griseiceps* **LC**
* Tamaulipas pygmy-owl, *Glaucidium sanchezi* **NT**
* Colima pygmy-owl, *Glaucidium palmarum* **LC**
* Ferruginous pygmy-owl, *Glaucidium brasilianum* **LC**
* Cuban pygmy-owl, *Glaucidium siju* **LC**
* Elf owl, *Micrathene whitneyi* **LC**
* Burrowing owl, *Athene cunicularia* **LC**
* Mottled owl, *Ciccaba virgata* **LC**
* Black-and-white owl, *Ciccaba nigrolineata* **LC**
* Spotted owl, *Strix occidentalis* **NT** (Mexican spotted owl *S. o. lucida* and northern spotted owl *S. o. caurina*: **T**)
* Barred owl, *Strix varia* **LC**
* Cinereous owl, *Strix sartorii*
* Fulvous owl, *Strix fulvescens* **LC**
* Great gray owl, *Strix nebulosa* **LC**
* Long-eared owl, *Asio otus* **LC**
* Stygian owl, *Asio stygius* **LC**
* Short-eared owl, *Asio flammeus* **LC**
* Striped owl, *Asio clamator* **LC**
* Jamaican owl, *Asio grammicus* **LC**
* Boreal owl, *Aegolius funereus* **LC**
* Northern saw-whet owl, *Aegolius acadicus* **LC**
* Bermuda saw-whet owl, *Aegolius gradyi* (E) **EX**
* Unspotted saw-whet owl, *Aegolius ridgwayi* **LC**
* Northern boobook, *Ninox japonica* (A)

## Trogons

**Order**: Trogoniformes   **Family**: Trogonidae

Trogons are residents of tropical forests worldwide and have soft, often colorful, feathers with distinctive male and female plumage. They have compact bodies with long tails and short necks.

* Cuban trogon, *Priotelus temnurus* **LC**
* Hispaniolan trogon, *Priotelus roseigaster* **LC**
* Lattice-tailed trogon, *Trogon clathratus* **LC**
* Slaty-tailed trogon, *Trogon massena* **LC**
* Black-tailed trogon, *Trogon melanurus* **LC**
* Black-headed trogon, *Trogon melanocephalus* **LC**
* Citreoline trogon, *Trogon citreolus* **LC**
* White-tailed trogon, *Trogon chionurus* **LC**
* Baird's trogon, *Trogon bairdii* **NT**
* Gartered trogon, *Trogon caligatus* **LC**
* Black-throated trogon, *Trogon rufus* **LC**
* Elegant trogon, *Trogon elegans* **LC**
* Mountain trogon, *Trogon mexicanus* **LC**
* Collared trogon, *Trogon collaris* **LC**
* Eared quetzal, *Euptilotis neoxenus* **LC**
* Golden-headed quetzal, *Pharomachrus auriceps* **LC**
* Resplendent quetzal, *Pharomachrus mocinno* **NT** **E**

## Hoopoes

**Order**: Upupiformes   **Family**: Upupidae

This black, white and pink bird is quite unmistakable, especially in its erratic flight, which is like that of a giant butterfly. There are three members of its family. The song is a trisyllabic *oop-oop-oop*, which gives rise to its English and scientific names.

* Eurasian hoopoe, *Upupa epops* (A) **LC**

## Todies

**Order**: Coraciiformes   **Family**: Todidae

Todies are a group of small near passerine forest species endemic to the Caribbean. These birds have colorful plumage and resemble small kingfishers, but have flattened bills with serrated edges. They eat small prey such as insects and lizards.

* Cuban tody, *Todus multicolor* **LC**
* Broad-billed tody, *Todus subulatus* **LC**
* Narrow-billed tody, *Todus angustirostris* **LC**
* Jamaican tody, *Todus todus* **LC**
* Puerto Rican tody, *Todus mexicanus* **LC**

## Motmots

**Order**: Coraciiformes   **Family**: Motmotidae

The motmots have colorful plumage and long, graduated tails which they display by waggling back and forth. In most of the species, the barbs near the ends of the two longest (central) tail feathers are weak and fall off, leaving a length of bare shaft and creating a racket-shaped tail.

* Tody motmot, *Hylomanes momotula* **LC**
* Blue-throated motmot, *Aspatha gularis* **LC**
* Russet-crowned motmot, *Momotus mexicanus* **LC**
* Blue-capped motmot, *Momotus coeruliceps* **LC**
* Lesson's motmot, *Momotus lessonii* **LC**
* Whooping motmot, *Momotus subrufescens* **LC**
* Rufous motmot, *Baryphthengus martii* **LC**
* Keel-billed motmot, *Electron carinatum* **VU**
* Broad-billed motmot, *Electron platyrhynchum* **LC**
* Turquoise-browed motmot, *Eumomota superciliosa* **LC**

## Kingfishers

**Order**: Coraciiformes   **Family**: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs and stubby tails.

* Common kingfisher, *Alcedo atthis* (OU) **LC**
* Ringed kingfisher, *Megaceryle torquata* **LC**
* Belted kingfisher, *Megaceryle alcyon* **LC**
* Amazon kingfisher, *Chloroceryle amazona* **LC**
* American pygmy kingfisher, *Chloroceryle aenea* **LC**
* Green kingfisher, *Chloroceryle americana* **LC**
* Green-and-rufous kingfisher, *Chloroceryle inda* **LC**

## Bee-eaters

**Order**: Coraciiformes   **Family**: Meropidae

The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. They are characterized by richly colored plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colorful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar.

* European bee-eater, *Merops apiaster* (A) **LC**

## Puffbirds

**Order**: Piciformes   **Family**: Bucconidae

The puffbirds are related to the jacamars and have the same range, but lack the iridescent colors of that family. They are mainly brown, rufous, or gray, with large heads and flattened bills with hooked tips. The loose abundant plumage and short tails makes them look stout and puffy, giving rise to the English common name of the family.

* Barred puffbird, *Nystalus radiatus* **LC**
* White-necked puffbird, *Notharchus hyperrhynchus* **LC**
* Black-breasted puffbird, *Notharchus pectoralis* **LC**
* Pied puffbird, *Notharchus tectus* **LC**
* White-whiskered puffbird, *Malacoptila panamensis* **LC**
* Lanceolated monklet, *Micromonacha lanceolata* **LC**
* Gray-cheeked nunlet, *Nonnula frontalis* **LC**
* Russet-throated puffbird, *Hypnelus ruficollis* **LC**
* White-fronted nunbird, *Monasa morphoeus* **LC**

## Jacamars

**Order**: Piciformes   **Family**: Galbulidae

The jacamars are near passerine birds from tropical South America, with a range that extends up to Mexico. They feed on insects caught on the wing, and are glossy, elegant birds with long bills and tails. In appearance and behavior they resemble the Old World bee-eaters, although they are more closely related to puffbirds.

* Dusky-backed jacamar, *Brachygalba salmoni* **LC**
* Rufous-tailed jacamar, *Galbula ruficauda* **LC**
* Great jacamar, *Jacamerops aureus* **LC**

## New World barbets

**Order**: Piciformes   **Family**: Capitonidae

The barbets are plump birds, with short necks and large heads. They get their name from the bristles which fringe their heavy bills. Most species are brightly colored.

* Spot-crowned barbet, *Capito maculicoronatus* **LC**
* Red-headed barbet, *Eubucco bourcierii* **LC**

## Toucan-barbets

**Order**: Piciformes   **Family**: Semnornithidae

The toucan-barbets are birds of montane forests in the Neotropics. They are highly social and non-migratory.

* Prong-billed barbet, *Semnornis frantzii* **LC**

## Toucans

**Order**: Piciformes   **Family**: Ramphastidae

Toucans are near passerine birds from the Neotropics. They are brightly marked and have enormous, colorful bills which in some species amount to half their body length.

* Northern emerald-toucanet, *Aulacorhynchus prasinus* **LC**
* Collared aracari, *Pteroglossus torquatus* **LC**
* Fiery-billed aracari, *Pteroglossus frantzii* **LC**
* Yellow-eared toucanet, *Selenidera spectabilis* **LC**
* Keel-billed toucan, *Ramphastos sulfuratus* **LC**
* Yellow-throated toucan, *Ramphastos ambiguus* **NT**
* Channel-billed toucan, *Ramphastos vitellinus* **VU**

## Woodpeckers

**Order**: Piciformes   **Family**: Picidae

Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.

* Eurasian wryneck, *Jynx torquilla* (A) **LC**
* Olivaceous piculet, *Picumnus olivaceus* **LC**
* Antillean piculet, *Nesoctites micromegas* **LC**
* Lewis's woodpecker, *Melanerpes lewis* **LC**
* Guadeloupe woodpecker, *Melanerpes herminieri* **LC**
* Puerto Rican woodpecker, *Melanerpes portoricensis* **LC**
* Red-headed woodpecker, *Melanerpes erythrocephalus* **LC**
* Acorn woodpecker, *Melanerpes formicivorus* **LC**
* Golden-naped woodpecker, *Melanerpes chrysauchen* **LC**
* Black-cheeked woodpecker, *Melanerpes pucherani* **LC**
* Hispaniolan woodpecker, *Melanerpes striatus* **LC**
* Jamaican woodpecker, *Melanerpes radiolatus* **LC**
* Golden-cheeked woodpecker, *Melanerpes chrysogenys* **LC**
* Gray-breasted woodpecker, *Melanerpes hypopolius* **LC**
* Yucatan woodpecker, *Melanerpes pygmaeus* **LC**
* Red-crowned woodpecker, *Melanerpes rubricapillus* **LC**
* Gila woodpecker, *Melanerpes uropygialis* **LC**
* Hoffmann's woodpecker, *Melanerpes hoffmannii* **LC**
* Golden-fronted woodpecker, *Melanerpes aurifrons* **LC**
* Red-bellied woodpecker, *Melanerpes carolinus* **LC**
* West Indian woodpecker, *Melanerpes superciliaris* **LC**
* Williamson's sapsucker, *Sphyrapicus thyroideus* **LC**
* Yellow-bellied sapsucker, *Sphyrapicus varius* **LC**
* Red-naped sapsucker, *Sphyrapicus nuchalis* **LC**
* Red-breasted sapsucker, *Sphyrapicus ruber* **LC**
* Cuban green woodpecker, *Xiphidiopicus percussus* **LC**
* American three-toed woodpecker, *Picoides dorsalis* **LC**
* Black-backed woodpecker, *Picoides arcticus* **LC**
* Great spotted woodpecker, *Dendrocopos major* (A) **LC**
* Downy woodpecker, *Dryobates pubescens* **LC**
* Nuttall's woodpecker, *Dryobates nuttallii* **LC**
* Ladder-backed woodpecker, *Dryobates scalaris* **LC**
* Red-cockaded woodpecker, *Dryobates borealis* **NT** **E**
* Hairy woodpecker, *Dryobates villosus* **LC**
* White-headed woodpecker, *Dryobates albolarvatus* **LC**
* Smoky-brown woodpecker, *Dryobates fumigatus* **LC**
* Arizona woodpecker, *Dryobates arizonae* **LC**
* Strickland's woodpecker, *Dryobates stricklandi* **LC**
* Red-rumped woodpecker, *Dryobates kirkii* **LC**
* Rufous-winged woodpecker, *Piculus simplex* **LC**
* Stripe-cheeked woodpecker, *Piculus callopterus* **LC**
* Golden-green woodpecker, *Piculus chrysochloros* **LC**
* Golden-olive woodpecker, *Colaptes rubiginosus* **LC**
* Gray-crowned woodpecker, *Colaptes auricularis* **LC**
* Spot-breasted woodpecker, *Colaptes punctigula* **LC**
* Northern flicker, *Colaptes auratus* **LC**
* Gilded flicker, *Colaptes chrysoides* **LC**
* Fernandina's flicker, *Colaptes fernandinae* **VU**
* Cinnamon woodpecker, *Celeus loricatus* **LC**
* Chestnut-colored woodpecker, *Celeus castaneus* **LC**
* Lineated woodpecker, *Dryocopus lineatus* **LC**
* Pileated woodpecker, *Dryocopus pileatus* **LC**
* Crimson-bellied woodpecker, *Campephilus haematogaster* **LC**
* Crimson-crested woodpecker, *Campephilus melanoleucos* **LC**
* Pale-billed woodpecker, *Campephilus guatemalensis* **LC**
* Ivory-billed woodpecker, *Campephilus principalis* (E?) **CR** **E**
* Imperial woodpecker, *Campephilus imperialis* (E?) **CR** **E**

## Falcons and caracaras

**Order**: Falconiformes   **Family**: Falconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey, notably the falcons and caracaras. They differ from hawks, eagles and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.

* Laughing falcon, *Herpetotheres cachinnans* **LC**
* Barred forest-falcon, *Micrastur ruficollis* **LC**
* Slaty-backed forest-falcon, *Micrastur mirandollei* **LC**
* Collared forest-falcon, *Micrastur semitorquatus* **LC**
* Red-throated caracara, *Ibycter americanus* **LC**
* Crested caracara, *Caracara plancus* **LC**
* Guadalupe caracara, *Caracara lutosa* (E) **EX**
* Yellow-headed caracara, *Milvago chimachima* **LC**
* Eurasian kestrel, *Falco tinnunculus* (C) **LC**
* American kestrel, *Falco sparverius* **LC**
* Red-footed falcon, *Falco vespertinus* (A) **NT**
* Merlin, *Falco columbarius* **LC**
* Eurasian hobby, *Falco subbuteo* (A) **LC**
* Aplomado falcon, *Falco femoralis* **LC** (ssp. *septentrionalis*: **E** and **XN**)
* Bat falcon, *Falco rufigularis* **LC**
* Orange-breasted falcon, *Falco deiroleucus* **NT**
* Gyrfalcon, *Falco rusticolus* **LC**
* Peregrine falcon, *Falco peregrinus* **LC** (ssp. *peregrinus*: **E**)
* Prairie falcon, *Falco mexicanus* **LC**

## Cockatoos

**Order:** Psittaciformes   **Family:** Cacatuidae

Cockatoos share many features with true parrots (family Psittacidae) including the characteristic curved beak shape and a zygodactyl foot, with two forward toes and two backwards toes. They differ, however in a number of characteristics, including the movable headcrest, and their lack of the Dyck texture feather composition, which gives many parrots their iridescent colors. Cockatoos are also, on average, larger than the true parrots.

* White cockatoo, *Cacatua alba* (I) **EN**

## African and New World parrots

* **Order**: Psittaciformes   **Family**: Psittacidae

Parrots are small to large birds with a characteristic curved beak. Their upper mandibles have slight mobility in the joint with the skull and they have a generally erect stance. All parrots are zygodactyl, having the four toes on each foot placed two at the front and two to the back.

* Painted parakeet, *Pyrrhura picta* **LC**
* Sulphur-winged parakeet, *Pyrrhura hoffmanni* **LC**
* Monk parakeet, *Myiopsitta monachus* (I) **LC**
* Carolina parakeet, *Conuropsis carolinensis* (E) **EX**
* Olive-throated parakeet, *Eupsittula nana* **NT**
* Orange-fronted parakeet, *Eupsittula canicularis* **LC**
* Brown-throated parakeet, *Eupsittula pertinax* **EN**
* Nanday parakeet, *Aratinga nenday* (I) **LC**
* Blue-and-yellow macaw, *Ara ararauna* **LC**
* Chestnut-fronted macaw, *Ara severus* **LC**
* Cuban macaw, *Ara tricolor* (E) **EX**
* Scarlet macaw, *Ara macao* **LC**
* Red-and-green macaw, *Ara chloropterus* **LC**
* Military macaw, *Ara militaris* **VU**
* Great green macaw, *Ara ambiguus* **EN**
* Red-bellied macaw, *Orthopsittaca manilatus* **LC**
* Green parakeet, *Psittacara holochlorus* **LC**
* Socorro parakeet, *Psittacara brevipes*
* Pacific parakeet, *Psittacara strenuus*
* Crimson-fronted parakeet, *Psittacara finschi* **LC**
* Cuban parakeet, *Psittacara euops* **VU**
* Puerto Rican parakeet, *Psittacara maugei* (E) **EX**
* Hispaniolan parakeet, *Psittacara chloropterus* **VU**
* Mitred parakeet, *Psittacara mitratus* (I) **LC**
* Thick-billed parrot, *Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha* **EN** **E**
* Maroon-fronted parrot, *Rhynchopsitta terrisi* **EN**
* Barred parakeet, *Bolborhynchus lineola* **LC**
* Mexican parrotlet, *Forpus cyanopygius* **NT**
* Green-rumped parrotlet, *Forpus passerinus* **LC**
* Spectacled parrotlet, *Forpus conspicillatus* **LC**
* Orange-chinned parakeet, *Brotogeris jugularis* **LC**
* White-winged parakeet, *Brotogeris versicolurus* (I) **LC**
* Yellow-chevroned parakeet, *Brotogeris chiriri* (I) **LC**
* Lilac-tailed parrotlet, *Touit batavicus* **LC**
* Red-fronted parrotlet, *Touit costaricensis* **VU**
* Blue-fronted parrotlet, *Touit dilectissimus* **LC**
* Scarlet-shouldered parrotlet, *Touit huetii* **VU**
* Brown-hooded parrot, *Pyrilia haematotis* **LC**
* Saffron-headed parrot, *Pyrilia pyrilia* **NT**
* Blue-headed parrot, *Pionus menstruus* **LC**
* White-crowned parrot, *Pionus senilis* **LC**
* White-fronted parrot, *Amazona albifrons* **LC**
* Yellow-lored parrot, *Amazona xantholora* **LC**
* Cuban parrot, *Amazona leucocephala* **NT** **E**
* Yellow-billed parrot, *Amazona collaria* **VU**
* Hispaniolan parrot, *Amazona ventralis* **VU**
* Puerto Rican parrot, *Amazona vittata* **CR** **E**
* Black-billed parrot, *Amazona agilis* **VU**
* Red-crowned parrot, *Amazona viridigenalis* **EN**
* Lilac-crowned parrot, *Amazona finschi* **EN**
* Red-lored parrot, *Amazona autumnalis* **LC**
* Mealy parrot, *Amazona farinosa* **LC**
* Yellow-headed parrot, *Amazona oratrix* **EN**
* Yellow-naped parrot, *Amazona auropalliata* **EN**
* Yellow-crowned parrot, *Amazona ochrocephala* **LC**
* Red-necked parrot, *Amazona arausiaca* **VU** **E**
* St. Lucia parrot, *Amazona versicolor* **VU** **E**
* St. Vincent parrot, *Amazona guildingii* **VU** **E**
* Orange-winged parrot, *Amazona amazonica* **LC**
* Imperial parrot, *Amazona imperialis* **CR** **E**

## Old World parrots

**Order**: Psittaciformes   **Family**: Psittaculidae

Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet. Many parrots are vividly colored, and some are multi-colored. In size they range from 8 cm (3.1 in) to 1 m (3.3 ft) in length. Old World parrots are found from Africa east across south and southeast Asia and Oceania to Australia and New Zealand.

* Rose-ringed parakeet, *Psittacula krameri* (I) **LC**
* Rosy-faced lovebird, *Agapornis roseicollis* (I) **LC**

## Sapayoa

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Sapayoidae

The sapayoa is the only member of its family, and is found in the lowland rainforests of Panama and north-western South America. It is usually seen in pairs or mixed-species flocks.

* Sapayoa, *Sapayoa aenigma* **LC**

## Typical antbirds

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Thamnophilidae

The antbirds are a large family of small passerine birds of subtropical and tropical Central and South America. They are forest birds which tend to feed on insects at or near the ground. A sizable minority of them specialize in following columns of army ants to eat small invertebrates that leave their hiding places to flee from the ants. Many species lack bright color, with brown, black, and white being the dominant tones.

* Fasciated antshrike, *Cymbilaimus lineatus* **LC**
* Great antshrike, *Taraba major* **LC**
* Barred antshrike, *Thamnophilus doliatus* **LC**
* Black antshrike, *Thamnophilus nigriceps* **LC**
* Black-hooded antshrike, *Thamnophilus bridgesi* **LC**
* Black-crowned antshrike, *Thamnophilus atrinucha* **LC**
* Spiny-faced antshrike, *Xenornis setifrons* **VU**
* Russet antshrike, *Thamnistes anabatinus* **LC**
* Plain antvireo, *Dysithamnus mentalis* **LC**
* Streak-crowned antvireo, *Dysithamnus striaticeps* **LC**
* Spot-crowned antvireo, *Dysithamnus puncticeps* **LC**
* Moustached antwren, *Myrmotherula ignota* **LC**
* Pacific antwren, *Myrmotherula pacifica* **LC**
* White-flanked antwren, *Myrmotherula axillaris* **LC**
* Slaty antwren, *Myrmotherula schisticolor* **LC**
* Checker-throated stipplethroat, *Epinecrophylla fulviventris* **LC**
* Rufous-winged antwren, *Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus* **LC**
* Dot-winged antwren, *Microrhopias quixensis* **LC**
* White-fringed antwren, *Formicivora grisea* **LC**
* Rufous-rumped antwren, *Euchrepomis callinota* **LC**
* Dusky antbird, *Cercomacroides tyrannina* **LC**
* Jet antbird, *Cercomacra nigricans* **LC**
* Bare-crowned antbird, *Gymnocichla nudiceps* **LC**
* White-bellied antbird, *Myrmeciza longipes* **LC**
* Zeledon's antbird, *Myrmeciza zeledoni* **LC**
* Chestnut-backed antbird, *Poliocrania exsul* **LC**
* Dull-mantled antbird, *Sipia laemosticta* **LC**
* Spotted antbird, *Hylophylax naevioides* **LC**
* Wing-banded antbird, *Myrmornis torquata* **LC**
* Bicolored antbird, *Gymnopithys leucaspis* **LC**
* Ocellated antbird, *Phaenostictus mcleannani* **LC**

## Gnateaters

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Conopophagidae

The members of this small family are found across northern South America and into Central America. They are forest birds, usually seen on the ground or in the low understory.

* Black-crowned antpitta, *Pittasoma michleri* **LC**

## Antpittas

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Grallariidae

Antpittas resemble the true pittas with strong, longish legs, very short tails, and stout bills.

* Scaled antpitta, *Grallaria guatimalensis* **LC**
* Streak-chested antpitta, *Hylopezus perspicillatus* **LC**
* Thicket antpitta, *Hylopezus dives* **LC**
* Ochre-breasted antpitta, *Grallaricula flavirostris* **NT**

## Tapaculos

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Rhinocryptidae

The tapaculos are small suboscine passeriform birds with numerous species in South and Central America. They are terrestrial species that fly only poorly on their short wings. They have strong legs, well-suited to their habitat of grassland or forest undergrowth. The tail is cocked and pointed towards the head.

* Tacarcuna tapaculo, *Scytalopus panamensis* **VU**
* Choco tapaculo, *Scytalopus chocoensis* **LC**
* Silvery-fronted tapaculo, *Scytalopus argentifrons* **LC**

## Antthrushes

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Formicariidae

Antthrushes resemble small rails with strong, longish legs, very short tails, and stout bills.

* Mayan antthrush, *Formicarius moniliger* **LC**
* Black-faced antthrush, *Formicarius analis* **LC**
* Black-headed antthrush, *Formicarius nigricapillus* **LC**
* Rufous-breasted antthrush, *Formicarius rufipectus* **LC**

## Ovenbirds and woodcreepers

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Furnariidae

Ovenbirds comprise a large family of small sub-oscine passerine bird species found in Central and South America. They are a diverse group of insectivores which gets its name from the elaborate "oven-like" clay nests built by some species, although others build stick nests or nest in tunnels or clefts in rock. The woodcreepers are brownish birds which maintain an upright vertical posture supported by their stiff tail vanes. They feed mainly on insects taken from tree trunks.

* Tawny-throated leaftosser, *Sclerurus mexicanus* **LC**
* Gray-throated leaftosser, *Sclerurus albigularis* **NT**
* Scaly-throated leaftosser, *Sclerurus guatemalensis* **LC**
* Olivaceous woodcreeper, *Sittasomus griseicapillus* **LC**
* Long-tailed woodcreeper, *Deconychura longicauda* **LC**
* Ruddy woodcreeper, *Dendrocincla homochroa* **LC**
* Tawny-winged woodcreeper, *Dendrocincla anabatina* **LC**
* Plain-brown woodcreeper, *Dendrocincla fuliginosa* **LC**
* Wedge-billed woodcreeper, *Glyphorynchus spirurus* **LC**
* Northern barred-woodcreeper, *Dendrocolaptes sanctithomae* **LC**
* Black-banded woodcreeper, *Dendrocolaptes picumnus* **LC**
* Strong-billed woodcreeper, *Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus* **LC**
* Cocoa woodcreeper, *Xiphorhynchus susurrans* **LC**
* Ivory-billed woodcreeper, *Xiphorhynchus flavigaster* **LC**
* Black-striped woodcreeper, *Xiphorhynchus lachrymosus* **LC**
* Spotted woodcreeper, *Xiphorhynchus erythropygius* **LC**
* Straight-billed woodcreeper, *Dendroplex picus* **LC**
* Red-billed scythebill, *Campylorhamphus trochilirostris* **LC**
* Brown-billed scythebill, *Campylorhamphus pusillus* **LC**
* White-striped woodcreeper, *Lepidocolaptes leucogaster* **LC**
* Streak-headed woodcreeper, *Lepidocolaptes souleyetii* **LC**
* Spot-crowned woodcreeper, *Lepidocolaptes affinis* **LC**
* Plain xenops, *Xenops minutus* **LC**
* Streaked xenops, *Xenops rutilans* **LC**
* Buffy tuftedcheek, *Pseudocolaptes lawrencii* **LC**
* Sharp-tailed streamcreeper, *Lochmias nematura* **LC**
* Slaty-winged foliage-gleaner, *Philydor fuscipenne* **LC**
* Buff-fronted foliage-gleaner, *Dendroma rufa* **LC**
* Scaly-throated foliage-gleaner, *Anabacerthia variegaticeps* **LC**
* Lineated foliage-gleaner, *Syndactyla subalaris* **LC**
* Ruddy foliage-gleaner, *Clibanornis rubiginosus* **LC**
* Streak-breasted treehunter, *Thripadectes rufobrunneus* **LC**
* Buff-throated foliage-gleaner, *Automolus ochrolaemus* **LC**
* Chiriqui foliage-gleaner, *Automolus exsertus*
* Striped woodhaunter, *Automolus subulatus* **LC**
* Spotted barbtail, *Premnoplex brunnescens* **LC**
* Beautiful treerunner, *Margarornis bellulus* **NT**
* Ruddy treerunner, *Margarornis rubiginosus* **LC**
* Double-banded graytail, *Xenerpestes minlosi* **LC**
* Red-faced spinetail, *Cranioleuca erythrops* **LC**
* Coiba spinetail, *Cranioleuca dissita* **NT**
* Pale-breasted spinetail, *Synallaxis albescens* **LC**
* Slaty spinetail, *Synallaxis brachyura* **LC**
* Rufous-breasted spinetail, *Synallaxis erythrothorax* **LC**

## Manakins

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Pipridae

The manakins are a family of subtropical and tropical mainland Central and South America, and Trinidad and Tobago. They are compact forest birds, the males typically being brightly colored, although the females of most species are duller and usually green-plumaged. Manakins feed on small fruits, berries, and insects.

* Lance-tailed manakin, *Chiroxiphia lanceolata* **LC**
* Long-tailed manakin, *Chiroxiphia linearis* **LC**
* White-ruffed manakin, *Corapipo altera* **LC**
* Green manakin, *Cryptopipo holochlora* **LC**
* Blue-crowned manakin, *Lepidothrix coronata* **LC**
* White-collared manakin, *Manacus candei* **LC**
* Orange-collared manakin, *Manacus aurantiacus* **LC**
* Golden-collared manakin, *Manacus vitellinus* **LC**
* White-crowned manakin, *Pseudopipra pipra* **LC**
* Red-capped manakin, *Ceratopipra mentalis* **LC**
* Golden-headed manakin, *Ceratopipra erythrocephala* **LC**

## Cotingas

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Cotingidae

The cotingas are birds of forests or forest edges in tropical Central and South America. Comparatively little is known about this diverse group, although all have broad bills with hooked tips, rounded wings, and strong legs. The males of many of the species are brightly colored or decorated with plumes or wattles.

* Purple-throated fruitcrow, *Querula purpurata* **LC**
* Bare-necked umbrellabird, *Cephalopterus glabricollis* **EN**
* Lovely cotinga, *Cotinga amabilis* **LC**
* Turquoise cotinga, *Cotinga ridgwayi* **VU**
* Blue cotinga, *Cotinga nattererii* **LC**
* Rufous piha, *Lipaugus unirufus* **LC**
* Three-wattled bellbird, *Procnias tricarunculatus* **VU**
* Black-tipped cotinga, *Carpodectes hopkei* **LC**
* Yellow-billed cotinga, *Carpodectes antoniae* **EN**
* Snowy cotinga, *Carpodectes nitidus* **LC**

## Tityras and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Tityridae

Tityridae are suboscine passerine birds found in forest and woodland in the Neotropics. The species in this family were formerly spread over the families Tyrannidae, Pipridae, and Cotingidae. They are small to medium-sized birds. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, have plain coloring.

* Northern schiffornis, *Schiffornis veraepacis* **LC**
* Russet-winged schiffornis, *Schiffornis stenorhyncha* **LC**
* Speckled mourner, *Laniocera rufescens* **LC**
* Masked tityra, *Tityra semifasciata* **LC**
* Black-crowned tityra, *Tityra inquisitor* **LC**
* Barred becard, *Pachyramphus versicolor* **LC**
* Cinereous becard, *Pachyramphus rufus* **LC**
* Cinnamon becard, *Pachyramphus cinnamomeus* **LC**
* White-winged becard, *Pachyramphus polychopterus* **LC**
* Black-and-white becard, *Pachyramphus albogriseus* **LC**
* Gray-collared becard, *Pachyramphus major* **LC**
* Rose-throated becard, *Pachyramphus aglaiae* **LC**
* One-colored becard, *Pachyramphus homochrous* **LC**
* Jamaican becard, *Pachyramphus niger* **LC**

## Sharpbill

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Oxyruncidae

The sharpbill is a small bird of dense forests in Central and South America. It feeds mostly on fruit but also eats insects.

* Sharpbill, *Oxyruncus cristatus* **LC**

## Royal flycatcher and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Onychorhynchidae

The members of this small family, created in 2018, were formerly considered to be tyrant flycatchers, family Tyrannidae.

* Royal flycatcher, *Onychorhynchus coronatus* **LC**
* Ruddy-tailed flycatcher, *Terenotriccus erythrurus* **LC**
* Tawny-breasted flycatcher, *Myiobius villosus* **LC**
* Sulphur-rumped flycatcher, *Myiobius sulphureipygius* **LC**
* Black-tailed flycatcher, *Myiobius atricaudus* **LC**

## Tyrant flycatchers

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Tyrannidae

Tyrant flycatchers are Passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America. They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust and have stronger bills. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, are rather plain. As the name implies, most are insectivorous.

* Gray-headed piprites, *Piprites griseiceps* **LC**
* Stub-tailed spadebill, *Platyrinchus cancrominus* **LC**
* White-throated spadebill, *Platyrinchus mystaceus* **LC**
* Golden-crowned spadebill, *Platyrinchus coronatus* **LC**
* Olive-striped flycatcher, *Mionectes olivaceus* **LC**
* Ochre-bellied flycatcher, *Mionectes oleagineus* **LC**
* Sepia-capped flycatcher, *Leptopogon amaurocephalus* **LC**
* Slaty-capped flycatcher, *Leptopogon superciliaris* **LC**
* Yellow-green tyrannulet, *Phylloscartes flavovirens* **LC**
* Rufous-browed tyrannulet, *Phylloscartes superciliaris* **LC**
* Bronze-olive pygmy-tyrant, *Pseudotriccus pelzelni* **LC**
* Black-capped pygmy-tyrant, *Myiornis atricapillus* **LC**
* Scale-crested pygmy-tyrant, *Lophotriccus pileatus* **LC**
* Pale-eyed pygmy-tyrant, *Lophotriccus pilaris* **LC**
* Northern bentbill, *Oncostoma cinereigulare* **LC**
* Southern bentbill, *Oncostoma olivaceum* **LC**
* Slate-headed tody-flycatcher, *Poecilotriccus sylvia* **LC**
* Common tody-flycatcher, *Todirostrum cinereum* **LC**
* Black-headed tody-flycatcher, *Todirostrum nigriceps* **LC**
* Brownish twistwing, *Cnipodectes subbrunneus* **LC**
* Eye-ringed flatbill, *Rhynchocyclus brevirostris* **LC**
* Olivaceous flatbill, *Rhynchocyclus olivaceus* **LC**
* Yellow-olive flycatcher, *Tolmomyias sulphurescens* **LC**
* Yellow-margined flycatcher, *Tolmomyias assimilis* **LC**
* Yellow-breasted flycatcher, *Tolmomyias flaviventris* **LC**
* Yellow-bellied tyrannulet, *Ornithion semiflavum* **LC**
* Brown-capped tyrannulet, *Ornithion brunneicapillus* **LC**
* Northern beardless-tyrannulet, *Camptostoma imberbe* **LC**
* Southern beardless-tyrannulet, *Camptostoma obsoletum* **LC**
* Cocos flycatcher, *Nesotriccus ridgwayi* **VU**
* Mouse-colored tyrannulet, *Nesotriccus murinus* **LC**
* Yellow tyrannulet, *Capsiempis flaveola* **LC**
* Yellow-crowned tyrannulet, *Tyrannulus elatus* **LC**
* Forest elaenia, *Myiopagis gaimardii* **LC**
* Gray elaenia, *Myiopagis caniceps* **LC**
* Jamaican elaenia, *Myiopagis cotta* **LC**
* Greenish elaenia, *Myiopagis viridicata* **LC**
* Caribbean elaenia, *Elaenia martinica* **LC**
* Yellow-bellied elaenia, *Elaenia flavogaster* **LC**
* White-crested elaenia, *Elaenia albiceps* (A) **LC**
* Lesser elaenia, *Elaenia chiriquensis* **LC**
* Mountain elaenia, *Elaenia frantzii* **LC**
* Greater Antillean elaenia, *Elaenia fallax* **LC**
* Torrent tyrannulet, *Serpophaga cinerea* **LC**
* Rough-legged tyrannulet, *Phyllomyias burmeisteri* **LC**
* Sooty-headed tyrannulet, *Phyllomyias griseiceps* **LC**
* Guatemalan tyrannulet, *Zimmerius vilissimus* **LC**
* Mistletoe tyrannulet, *Zimmerius parvus* **LC**
* Bright-rumped attila, *Attila spadiceus* **LC**
* Choco sirystes, *Sirystes albogriseus* **LC**
* Rufous mourner, *Rhytipterna holerythra* **LC**
* Yucatan flycatcher, *Myiarchus yucatanensis* **LC**
* Sad flycatcher, *Myiarchus barbirostris* **LC**
* Dusky-capped flycatcher, *Myiarchus tuberculifer* **LC**
* Panama flycatcher, *Myiarchus panamensis* **LC**
* Ash-throated flycatcher, *Myiarchus cinerascens* **LC**
* Nutting's flycatcher, *Myiarchus nuttingi* **LC**
* Great crested flycatcher, *Myiarchus crinitus* **LC**
* Brown-crested flycatcher, *Myiarchus tyrannulus* **LC**
* Grenada flycatcher, *Myiarchus nugator* **LC**
* Rufous-tailed flycatcher, *Myiarchus validus* **LC**
* La Sagra's flycatcher, *Myiarchus sagrae* **LC**
* Stolid flycatcher, *Myiarchus stolidus* **LC**
* Puerto Rican flycatcher, *Myiarchus antillarum* **LC**
* Lesser Antillean flycatcher, *Myiarchus oberi* **LC**
* Flammulated flycatcher, *Ramphotrigon flammulatum* **LC**
* Lesser kiskadee, *Pitangus lictor* **LC**
* Great kiskadee, *Pitangus sulphuratus* **LC**
* Cattle tyrant, *Machetornis rixosa* **LC**
* Boat-billed flycatcher, *Megarynchus pitangua* **LC**
* Rusty-margined flycatcher, *Myiozetetes cayanensis* **LC**
* Social flycatcher, *Myiozetetes similis* **LC**
* Gray-capped flycatcher, *Myiozetetes granadensis* **LC**
* White-ringed flycatcher, *Conopias albovittatus* **LC**
* Golden-bellied flycatcher, *Myiodynastes hemichrysus* **LC**
* Golden-crowned flycatcher, *Myiodynastes chrysocephalus* **LC**
* Streaked flycatcher, *Myiodynastes maculatus* **LC**
* Sulphur-bellied flycatcher, *Myiodynastes luteiventris* **LC**
* Piratic flycatcher, *Legatus leucophaius* **LC**
* Variegated flycatcher, *Empidonomus varius* (A) **LC**
* Crowned slaty flycatcher, *Empidonomus aurantioatrocristatus* (A) **LC**
* Tropical kingbird, *Tyrannus melancholicus* **LC**
* Couch's kingbird, *Tyrannus couchii* **LC**
* Cassin's kingbird, *Tyrannus vociferans* **LC**
* Thick-billed kingbird, *Tyrannus crassirostris* **LC**
* Western kingbird, *Tyrannus verticalis* **LC**
* Eastern kingbird, *Tyrannus tyrannus* **LC**
* Gray kingbird, *Tyrannus dominicensis* **LC**
* Loggerhead kingbird, *Tyrannus caudifasciatus* **LC**
* Giant kingbird, *Tyrannus cubensis* **EN**
* Scissor-tailed flycatcher, *Tyrannus forficatus* **LC**
* Fork-tailed flycatcher, *Tyrannus savana* **LC**
* Bran-colored flycatcher, *Myiophobus fasciatus* **LC**
* Euler's flycatcher, *Lathrotriccus euleri* **LC** (ssp. *johnstonei*: **E**)
* Tawny-chested flycatcher, *Aphanotriccus capitalis* **VU**
* Black-billed flycatcher, *Aphanotriccus audax* **NT**
* Belted flycatcher, *Xenotriccus callizonus* **LC**
* Pileated flycatcher, *Xenotriccus mexicanus* **LC**
* Tufted flycatcher, *Mitrephanes phaeocercus* **LC**
* Olive-sided flycatcher, *Contopus cooperi* **NT**
* Greater pewee, *Contopus pertinax* **LC**
* Dark pewee, *Contopus lugubris* **LC**
* Ochraceous pewee, *Contopus ochraceus* **LC**
* Western wood-pewee, *Contopus sordidulus* **LC**
* Eastern wood-pewee, *Contopus virens* **LC**
* Tropical pewee, *Contopus cinereus* **LC**
* Cuban pewee, *Contopus caribaeus* **LC**
* Jamaican pewee, *Contopus pallidus* **LC**
* Hispaniolan pewee, *Contopus hispaniolensis* **LC**
* Lesser Antillean pewee, *Contopus latirostris* **LC**
* Yellow-bellied flycatcher, *Empidonax flaviventris* **LC**
* Acadian flycatcher, *Empidonax virescens* **LC**
* Alder flycatcher, *Empidonax alnorum* **LC**
* Willow flycatcher, *Empidonax traillii* **LC** (ssp. *extimus*: **E**)
* White-throated flycatcher, *Empidonax albigularis* **LC**
* Least flycatcher, *Empidonax minimus* **LC**
* Hammond's flycatcher, *Empidonax hammondii* **LC**
* Gray flycatcher, *Empidonax wrightii* **LC**
* Dusky flycatcher, *Empidonax oberholseri* **LC**
* Pine flycatcher, *Empidonax affinis* **LC**
* Pacific-slope flycatcher, *Empidonax difficilis* **LC**
* Cordilleran flycatcher, *Empidonax occidentalis* **LC**
* Yellowish flycatcher, *Empidonax flavescens* **LC**
* Buff-breasted flycatcher, *Empidonax fulvifrons* **LC**
* Black-capped flycatcher, *Empidonax atriceps* **LC**
* Black phoebe, *Sayornis nigricans* **LC**
* Eastern phoebe, *Sayornis phoebe* **LC**
* Say's phoebe, *Sayornis saya* **LC**
* Vermilion flycatcher, *Pyrocephalus rubinus* **LC**
* Pied water-tyrant, *Fluvicola pica* **LC**
* Northern scrub-flycatcher, *Sublegatus arenarum* **LC**
* Long-tailed tyrant, *Colonia colonus* **LC**

## Shrikes

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Laniidae

Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A shrike's beak is hooked, like that of a typical bird of prey.

* Brown shrike, *Lanius cristatus* (A) **LC**
* Red-backed shrike, *Lanius collurio* (A) **LC**
* Loggerhead shrike, *Lanius ludovicianus* **NT** (ssp. *mearnsi*: **E**)
* Northern shrike, *Lanius excubitor* **LC**

## Vireos, shrike-babblers, and erpornis

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Vireonidae

The vireos are a group of small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are typically greenish in color and resemble wood warblers apart from their heavier bills.

* Rufous-browed peppershrike, *Cyclarhis gujanensis* **LC**
* Scrub greenlet, *Hylophilus flavipes* **LC**
* Chestnut-sided shrike-vireo, *Vireolanius melitophrys* **LC**
* Green shrike-vireo, *Vireolanius pulchellus* **LC**
* Yellow-browed shrike-vireo, *Vireolanius eximius* **LC**
* Tawny-crowned greenlet, *Tunchiornis ochraceiceps* **LC**
* Lesser greenlet, *Pachysylvia decurtata* **LC**
* Golden-fronted greenlet, *Pachysylvia aurantiifrons* **LC**
* Golden vireo, *Vireo hypochryseus* **LC**
* Blue Mountain vireo, *Vireo osburni* **NT**
* Slaty vireo, *Vireo brevipennis* **LC**
* Black-capped vireo, *Vireo atricapilla* **NT** **E**
* Dwarf vireo, *Vireo nelsoni* **LC**
* White-eyed vireo, *Vireo griseus* **LC**
* Thick-billed vireo, *Vireo crassirostris* **LC**
* Mangrove vireo, *Vireo pallens* **LC**
* Cozumel vireo, *Vireo bairdi* **NT**
* San Andres vireo, *Vireo caribaeus* **VU**
* Jamaican vireo, *Vireo modestus* **LC**
* Cuban vireo, *Vireo gundlachii* **LC**
* Puerto Rican vireo, *Vireo latimeri* **LC**
* Flat-billed vireo, *Vireo nanus* **LC**
* Bell's vireo, *Vireo bellii* **LC** (Least Bell's vireo *V. b. pusillus*: **E**)
* Gray vireo, *Vireo vicinior* **LC**
* Hutton's vireo, *Vireo huttoni* **LC**
* Yellow-throated vireo, *Vireo flavifrons* **LC**
* Yellow-winged vireo, *Vireo carmioli* **LC**
* Cassin's vireo, *Vireo cassinii* **LC**
* Blue-headed vireo, *Vireo solitarius* **LC**
* Plumbeous vireo, *Vireo plumbeus* **LC**
* Philadelphia vireo, *Vireo philadelphicus* **LC**
* Warbling vireo, *Vireo gilvus* **LC**
* Brown-capped vireo, *Vireo leucophrys* **LC**
* Red-eyed vireo, *Vireo olivaceus* **LC**
* Yellow-green vireo, *Vireo flavoviridis* **LC**
* Black-whiskered vireo, *Vireo altiloquus* **LC**
* Yucatan vireo, *Vireo magister* **LC**

## Crows, jays, and magpies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Corvidae

The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.

* Canada jay, *Perisoreus canadensis* **LC**
* White-throated jay, *Cyanolyca mirabilis* **VU**
* Dwarf jay, *Cyanolyca nana* **NT**
* Black-throated jay, *Cyanolyca pumilo* **LC**
* Silvery-throated jay, *Cyanolyca argentigula* **LC**
* Azure-hooded jay, *Cyanolyca cucullata* **LC**
* Black-throated magpie-jay, *Calocitta colliei* **LC**
* White-throated magpie-jay, *Calocitta formosa* **LC**
* Brown jay, *Psilorhinus morio* **LC**
* Tufted jay, *Cyanocorax dickeyi* **NT**
* Black-chested jay, *Cyanocorax affinis* **LC**
* Green jay, *Cyanocorax yncas* **LC**
* Bushy-crested jay, *Cyanocorax melanocyaneus* **LC**
* San Blas jay, *Cyanocorax sanblasianus* **LC**
* Yucatan jay, *Cyanocorax yucatanicus* **LC**
* Purplish-backed jay, *Cyanocorax beecheii* **LC**
* Pinyon jay, *Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus* **VU**
* Steller's jay, *Cyanocitta stelleri* **LC**
* Blue jay, *Cyanocitta cristata* **LC**
* Florida scrub-jay, *Aphelocoma coerulescens* **VU** **T**
* Island scrub-jay, *Aphelocoma insularis* **VU**
* California scrub-jay, *Aphelocoma californica* **LC**
* Woodhouse's scrub-jay, *Aphelocoma woodhouseii*
* Transvolcanic jay, *Aphelocoma ultramarina* **LC**
* Mexican jay, *Aphelocoma wollweberi* **LC**
* Unicolored jay, *Aphelocoma unicolor* **LC**
* Clark's nutcracker, *Nucifraga columbiana* **LC**
* Black-billed magpie, *Pica hudsonia* **LC**
* Yellow-billed magpie, *Pica nuttalli* **VU**
* Eurasian jackdaw, *Corvus monedula* (A) **LC**
* Rook, *Corvus frugilegus* (A) **LC**
* American crow, *Corvus brachyrhynchos* **LC**
* Palm crow, *Corvus palmarum* **LC**
* Cuban crow, *Corvus nasicus* **LC**
* White-necked crow, *Corvus leucognaphalus* **VU** **E**
* Hooded crow, *Corvus cornix* (A)
* Jamaican crow, *Corvus jamaicensis* **LC**
* Carrion crow, *Corvus corone* (A) **LC**
* Tamaulipas crow, *Corvus imparatus* **LC**
* Sinaloa crow, *Corvus sinaloae* **LC**
* House crow, *Corvus splendens* (A) **LC**
* Fish crow, *Corvus ossifragus* **LC**
* Chihuahuan raven, *Corvus cryptoleucus* **LC**
* Common raven, *Corvus corax* **LC**

## Larks

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Alaudidae

Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.

* Eurasian skylark, *Alauda arvensis* **LC**
* Horned lark, *Eremophila alpestris* **LC** (*E. a. strigata* **T**)

## Swallows

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Hirundinidae

The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.

* Bank swallow, *Riparia riparia* **LC**
* Tree swallow, *Tachycineta bicolor* **LC**
* Bahama swallow, *Tachycineta cyaneoviridis* **EN**
* Violet-green swallow, *Tachycineta thalassina* **LC**
* Golden swallow, *Tachycineta euchrysea* **VU**
* Mangrove swallow, *Tachycineta albilinea* **LC**
* Black-capped swallow, *Atticora pileata* **LC**
* White-thighed swallow, *Atticora tibialis* **LC**
* Blue-and-white swallow, *Pygochelidon cyanoleuca* **LC**
* Northern rough-winged swallow, *Stelgidopteryx serripennis* **LC**
* Southern rough-winged swallow, *Stelgidopteryx ruficollis* **LC**
* Brown-chested martin, *Progne tapera* **LC**
* Purple martin, *Progne subis* **LC**
* Southern martin, *Progne elegans* **LC**
* Gray-breasted martin, *Progne chalybea* **LC**
* Sinaloa martin, *Progne sinaloae* **VU**
* Cuban martin, *Progne cryptoleuca* **LC**
* Caribbean martin, *Progne dominicensis* **LC**
* Barn swallow, *Hirundo rustica* **LC**
* Common house-martin, *Delichon urbicum* (A) **LC**
* Cliff swallow, *Petrochelidon pyrrhonota* **LC**
* Cave swallow, *Petrochelidon fulva* **LC**

## Tits, chickadees, and titmice

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Paridae

The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects.

* Carolina chickadee, *Poecile carolinensis* **LC**
* Black-capped chickadee, *Poecile atricapillus* **LC**
* Mountain chickadee, *Poecile gambeli* **LC**
* Mexican chickadee, *Poecile sclateri* **LC**
* Chestnut-backed chickadee, *Poecile rufescens* **LC**
* Boreal chickadee, *Poecile hudsonicus* **LC**
* Gray-headed chickadee, *Poecile cinctus* **LC**
* Bridled titmouse, *Baeolophus wollweberi* **LC**
* Oak titmouse, *Baeolophus inornatus* **LC**
* Juniper titmouse, *Baeolophus ridgwayi* **LC**
* Tufted titmouse, *Baeolophus bicolor* **LC**
* Black-crested titmouse, *Baeolophus atricristatus* **LC**

## Penduline-tits

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Remizidae

The penduline-tits are a family of small passerine birds, related to the true tits. The verdin is the only North American representative of its family.

* Verdin, *Auriparus flaviceps* **LC**

## Long-tailed tits

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Aegithalidae

The long-tailed tits are a family of small passerine birds. Their plumage is typically dull gray or brown in color. There is only one North American representative of this primarily Palearctic family.

* Bushtit, *Psaltriparus minimus* **LC**

## Nuthatches

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Sittidae

Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails and powerful bills and feet.

* Red-breasted nuthatch, *Sitta canadensis* **LC**
* White-breasted nuthatch, *Sitta carolinensis* **LC**
* Pygmy nuthatch, *Sitta pygmaea* **LC**
* Brown-headed nuthatch, *Sitta pusilla* **LC**
* Bahama nuthatch, *Sitta insularis* **CR**

## Treecreepers

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Certhiidae

Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees.

* Brown creeper, *Certhia americana* **LC**

## Wrens

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Troglodytidae

Wrens are small and inconspicuous birds, except for their loud songs. They have short wings and thin down-turned bills. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous.

* Rock wren, *Salpinctes obsoletus* **LC**
* Nightingale wren, *Microcerculus philomela* **LC**
* Scaly-breasted wren, *Microcerculus marginatus* **LC**
* Canyon wren, *Catherpes mexicanus* **LC**
* Sumichrast's wren, *Hylorchilus sumichrasti* **NT**
* Nava's wren, *Hylorchilus navai* **VU**
* Zapata wren, *Ferminia cerverai* **EN**
* House wren, *Troglodytes aedon* **LC** (Guadeloupe wren *T. a. guadeloupensis* and Saint Lucia wren *T. a. mesoleucus*: **E**)
* Socorro wren, *Troglodytes sissonii* **NT**
* Clarión wren, *Troglodytes tanneri* **VU**
* Rufous-browed wren, *Troglodytes rufociliatus* **LC**
* Ochraceous wren, *Troglodytes ochraceus* **LC**
* Pacific wren, *Troglodytes pacificus* **LC**
* Winter wren, *Troglodytes hiemalis* **LC**
* Timberline wren, *Thryorchilus browni* **LC**
* Sedge wren, *Cistothorus stellaris* **LC**
* Grass wren, *Cistothorus platensis* **LC**
* Marsh wren, *Cistothorus palustris* **LC**
* Carolina wren, *Thryothorus ludovicianus* **LC**
* Bewick's wren, *Thryomanes bewickii* **LC**
* White-headed wren, *Campylorhynchus albobrunneus* **LC**
* Band-backed wren, *Campylorhynchus zonatus* **LC**
* Gray-barred wren, *Campylorhynchus megalopterus* **LC**
* Giant wren, *Campylorhynchus chiapensis* **LC**
* Bicolored wren, *Campylorhynchus griseus* **LC**
* Rufous-naped wren, *Campylorhynchus rufinucha* **LC**
* Spotted wren, *Campylorhynchus gularis* **LC**
* Boucard's wren, *Campylorhynchus jocosus* **LC**
* Yucatan wren, *Campylorhynchus yucatanicus* **NT**
* Cactus wren, *Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus* **LC**
* Sooty-headed wren, *Pheugopedius spadix* **LC**
* Black-throated wren, *Pheugopedius atrogularis* **LC**
* Rufous-breasted wren, *Pheugopedius rutilus* **LC**
* Spot-breasted wren, *Pheugopedius maculipectus* **LC**
* Happy wren, *Pheugopedius felix* **LC**
* Black-bellied wren, *Pheugopedius fasciatoventris* **LC**
* Rufous-and-white wren, *Thryophilus rufalbus* **LC**
* Sinaloa wren *Thryophilus sinaloa* **LC**
* Banded wren, *Thryophilus pleurostictus* **LC**
* Stripe-throated wren, *Cantorchilus leucopogon* **LC**
* Stripe-breasted wren, *Cantorchilus thoracicus* **LC**
* Cabanis's wren, *Cantorchilus modestus* **LC**
* Canebrake wren, *Cantorchilus zeledoni* **LC**
* Isthmian wren, *Cantorchilus elutus*
* Bay wren, *Cantorchilus nigricapillus* **LC**
* Riverside wren, *Cantorchilus semibadius* **LC**
* Buff-breasted wren, *Cantorchilus leucotis* **LC**
* White-bellied wren, *Uropsila leucogastra* **LC**
* White-breasted wood-wren, *Henicorhina leucosticta* **LC**
* Gray-breasted wood-wren, *Henicorhina leucophrys* **LC**
* Song wren, *Cyphorhinus phaeocephalus* **LC**

## Gnatcatchers

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Polioptilidae

These dainty birds resemble Old World warblers in their build and habits, moving restlessly through the foliage seeking insects. The gnatcatchers and gnatwrens are mainly soft bluish gray in color and have the typical insectivore's long sharp bill. They are birds of fairly open woodland or scrub, which nest in bushes or trees.

* Tawny-faced gnatwren, *Microbates cinereiventris* **LC**
* Long-billed gnatwren, *Ramphocaenus melanurus* **LC**
* Blue-gray gnatcatcher, *Polioptila caerulea* **LC**
* Cuban gnatcatcher, *Polioptila lembeyei* **LC**
* California gnatcatcher, *Polioptila californica* **LC** (ssp. *californica*: **T**)
* Black-tailed gnatcatcher, *Polioptila melanura* **LC**
* Black-capped gnatcatcher, *Polioptila nigriceps* **LC**
* White-lored gnatcatcher, *Polioptila albiloris* **LC**
* Yucatan gnatcatcher, *Polioptila albiventris*
* White-browed gnatcatcher, *Polioptila bilineata*
* Slate-throated gnatcatcher, *Polioptila schistaceigula* **LC**

## Dippers

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Cinclidae

They are named for their bobbing or dipping movements. They are unique among passerines for their ability to dive and swim underwater.

* American dipper, *Cinclus mexicanus* **LC**

## Bulbuls

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Pycnonotidae

The bulbuls are a family of medium-sized passerine songbirds native to Africa and tropical Asia. These are noisy and gregarious birds with often beautiful striking songs.

* Red-whiskered bulbul *Pycnonotus jocosus* (I) **LC**

## Kinglets

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Regulidae

The kinglets are a small family of birds which resemble the titmice. They are very small insectivorous birds in the genus *Regulus*. The adults have colored crowns, giving rise to their name.

* Golden-crowned kinglet, *Regulus satrapa* **LC**
* Ruby-crowned kinglet, *Corthylio calendula* **LC**

## Leaf warblers

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Phylloscopidae

Leaf warblers are a family of small insectivorous birds found mostly in Eurasia and ranging into Wallacea and Africa. The Arctic warbler breeds east into Alaska. The species are of various sizes, often green-plumaged above and yellow below, or more subdued with grayish-green to grayish-brown colors.

* Willow warbler, *Phylloscopus trochilus* (A) **LC**
* Common chiffchaff, *Phylloscopus collybita* (A) **LC**
* Wood warbler, *Phylloscopus sibilatrix* (A) **LC**
* Dusky warbler, *Phylloscopus fuscatus* (A) **LC**
* Pallas's leaf warbler, *Phylloscopus proregulus* (A) **LC**
* Yellow-browed warbler, *Phylloscopus inornatus* (A) **LC**
* Arctic warbler, *Phylloscopus borealis* **LC**
* Kamchatka leaf warbler, *Phylloscopus examinandus* (A) **LC**

## Sylviid warblers, parrotbills, and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Sylviidae

The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. They mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent, Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs.

* Eurasian blackcap, *Sylvia atricapilla* (A) **LC**
* Lesser whitethroat, *Sylvia curruca* (A) **LC**
* Wrentit, *Chamaea fasciata* **LC**

## Reed warblers and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Acrocephalidae

The members of this family are usually rather large for "warblers". Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa.

* Thick-billed warbler, *Arundinax aedon* (A) **LC**
* Sedge warbler, *Acrocephalus schoenobaenus* (A) **LC**
* Blyth's reed warbler, *Acrocephalus dumetorum* (A) **LC**

## Donacobius

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Donacobiidae

The black-capped donacobius is found in wet habitats from Panama across northern South America and east of the Andes to Argentina and Paraguay

* Black-capped donacobius, *Donacobius atricapilla* **LC**

## Grassbirds and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Locustellidae

Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over.

* Middendorff's grasshopper warbler, *Helopsaltes ochotensis* (A) **LC**
* Pallas's grasshopper warbler, *Helopsaltes certhiola* (A) **LC**
* Lanceolated warbler, *Locustella lanceolata* (A) **LC**
* River warbler, *Locustella fluviatilis* (A) **LC**

## Old World flycatchers

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Muscicapidae

This a large family of small passerine birds found mostly in the Old World. All but two of the species below occur in North America only as vagrants. The appearance of these birds is highly varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls.

* Gray-streaked flycatcher, *Muscicapa griseisticta* (A) **LC**
* Asian brown flycatcher, *Muscicapa dauurica* (A) **LC**
* Spotted flycatcher, *Muscicapa striata* (A) **LC**
* Dark-sided flycatcher, *Muscicapa sibirica* (A) **LC**
* European robin, *Erithacus rubecula* (A) **LC**
* Siberian blue robin, *Larvivora cyane* (A) **LC**
* Rufous-tailed robin, *Larvivora sibilans* (A) **LC**
* Bluethroat, *Cyanecula svecica* **LC**
* Siberian rubythroat, *Calliope calliope* (A) **LC**
* Red-flanked bluetail, *Tarsiger cyanurus* (A) **LC**
* Narcissus flycatcher, *Ficedula narcissina* (A) **LC**
* Mugimaki flycatcher, *Ficedula mugimaki* (A) **LC**
* Taiga flycatcher, *Ficedula albicilla* (A) **LC**
* Common redstart, *Phoenicurus phoenicurus* (A) **LC**
* Stonechat, *Saxicola torquatus*  (A) **LC**
* Northern wheatear, *Oenanthe oenanthe* **LC**
* Pied wheatear, *Oenanthe pleschanka* (A) **LC**

## Thrushes and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Turdidae

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly but not exclusively in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.

* Eastern bluebird, *Sialia sialis* **LC**
* Western bluebird, *Sialia mexicana* **LC**
* Mountain bluebird, *Sialia currucoides* **LC**
* Townsend's solitaire, *Myadestes townsendi* **LC**
* Brown-backed solitaire, *Myadestes occidentalis* **LC**
* Cuban solitaire, *Myadestes elisabeth* **NT**
* Rufous-throated solitaire, *Myadestes genibarbis* **LC**
* Black-faced solitaire, *Myadestes melanops* **LC**
* Varied solitaire, *Myadestes coloratus* **LC**
* Slate-colored solitaire, *Myadestes unicolor* **LC**
* White's thrush, *Zoothera aurea* (A) **LC**
* Black-billed nightingale-thrush, *Catharus gracilirostris* **LC**
* Orange-billed nightingale-thrush, *Catharus aurantiirostris* **LC**
* Slaty-backed nightingale-thrush, *Catharus fuscater* **LC**
* Russet nightingale-thrush, *Catharus occidentalis* **LC**
* Ruddy-capped nightingale-thrush, *Catharus frantzii* **LC**
* Black-headed nightingale-thrush, *Catharus mexicanus* **LC**
* Yellow-throated nightingale-thrush, *Catharus dryas* **LC**
* Veery, *Catharus fuscescens* **LC**
* Gray-cheeked thrush, *Catharus minimus* **LC**
* Bicknell's thrush, *Catharus bicknelli* **VU**
* Swainson's thrush, *Catharus ustulatus* **LC**
* Hermit thrush, *Catharus guttatus* **LC**
* Wood thrush, *Hylocichla mustelina* **NT**
* Mistle Thrush, *Turdus viscivorus* (A) **LC**
* Eurasian blackbird, *Turdus merula* (A) **LC**
* Eyebrowed thrush, *Turdus obscurus* **LC**
* Dusky thrush, *Turdus naumanni* (A) **LC**
* Fieldfare, *Turdus pilaris* **LC**
* Redwing, *Turdus iliacus* **NT**
* Song thrush, *Turdus philomelos* (A) **LC**
* Sooty thrush, *Turdus nigrescens* **LC**
* Black thrush, *Turdus infuscatus* **LC**
* Mountain thrush, *Turdus plebejus* **LC**
* Cocoa thrush, *Turdus fumigatus* **LC**
* Pale-vented thrush, *Turdus obsoletus* **LC**
* Clay-colored thrush, *Turdus grayi* **LC**
* Spectacled thrush, *Turdus nudigenis* **LC**
* White-eyed thrush, *Turdus jamaicensis* **LC**
* White-throated thrush, *Turdus assimilis* **LC**
* Rufous-backed robin, *Turdus rufopalliatus* **LC**
* Rufous-collared robin, *Turdus rufitorques* **LC**
* American robin, *Turdus migratorius* **LC**
* La Selle thrush, *Turdus swalesi* **VU**
* White-chinned thrush, *Turdus aurantius* **LC**
* Grand Cayman thrush, *Turdus ravidus* (E) **EX**
* Red-legged thrush, *Turdus plumbeus* **LC**
* Forest thrush, *Cichlherminia lherminieri* **NT** (ssp. *sanctaeluciae*: **E**)
* Varied thrush, *Ixoreus naevius* **LC**
* Aztec thrush, *Ridgwayia pinicola* **LC**

## Mockingbirds and thrashers

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Mimidae

The mimids are a family of passerine birds which includes thrashers, mockingbirds, tremblers and the New World catbirds. These birds are notable for their vocalization, especially their remarkable ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. The species tend towards dull grays and browns in their appearance.

* Blue mockingbird, *Melanotis caerulescens* **LC**
* Blue-and-white mockingbird, *Melanotis hypoleucus* **LC**
* Black catbird, *Melanoptila glabrirostris* **NT**
* Gray catbird, *Dumetella carolinensis* **LC**
* White-breasted thrasher, *Ramphocinclus brachyurus* **EN** **E**
* Scaly-breasted thrasher, *Allenia fusca* **LC**
* Pearly-eyed thrasher, *Margarops fuscatus* **LC**
* Brown trembler, *Cinclocerthia ruficauda* **LC** (ssp. *gutturalis*: **E**)
* Gray trembler, *Cinclocerthia gutturalis* **LC**
* Curve-billed thrasher, *Toxostoma curvirostre* **LC**
* Ocellated thrasher, *Toxostoma ocellatum* **LC**
* Brown thrasher, *Toxostoma rufum* **LC**
* Long-billed thrasher, *Toxostoma longirostre* **LC**
* Cozumel thrasher, *Toxostoma guttatum* **CR**
* Bendire's thrasher, *Toxostoma bendirei* **VU**
* Gray thrasher, *Toxostoma cinereum* **LC**
* California thrasher, *Toxostoma redivivum* **LC**
* LeConte's thrasher, *Toxostoma lecontei* **LC**
* Crissal thrasher, *Toxostoma crissale* **LC**
* Sage thrasher, *Oreoscoptes montanus* **LC**
* Bahama mockingbird, *Mimus gundlachii* **LC**
* Socorro mockingbird, *Mimus graysoni* **CR** **E**
* Tropical mockingbird, *Mimus gilvus* **LC**
* Northern mockingbird, *Mimus polyglottos* **LC**

## Starlings

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Sturnidae

Starlings and mynas are small to medium-sized Old World passerine birds with strong feet. Their flight is strong and direct and most are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country, and they eat insects and fruit. The plumage of several species is dark with a metallic sheen.

* European starling, *Sturnus vulgaris* (I) **LC**
* Common myna, *Acridotheres tristis* (I) **LC**

## Waxwings

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Bombycillidae

The waxwings are a group of birds with soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and cedar waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter.

* Bohemian waxwing, *Bombycilla garrulus* **LC**
* Cedar waxwing, *Bombycilla cedrorum* **LC**

## Silky-flycatchers

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Ptiliogonatidae

The silky-flycatchers are a small family of passerine birds which occur mainly in Central America. They are related to waxwings, and like that group, have soft silky plumage, usually gray or pale-yellow.

* Black-and-yellow silky-flycatcher, *Phainoptila melanoxantha* **LC**
* Gray silky-flycatcher, *Ptiliogonys cinereus* **LC**
* Long-tailed silky-flycatcher, *Ptiliogonys caudatus* **LC**
* Phainopepla, *Phainopepla nitens* **LC**

## Palmchat

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Dulidae

The palmchat is the only member of its family. Its name indicates its strong association with palms for feeding, roosting, and nesting.

* Palmchat, *Dulus dominicus* **LC**

## Olive warbler

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Peucedramidae

The olive warbler is the only representative of its family. It was formally classified with the Parulidae, but DNA studies warrant its classification in a distinct family.

* Olive warbler, *Peucedramus taeniatus* **LC**

## Accentors

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Prunellidae

The accentors are small, fairly drab birds with thin sharp bills superficially similar, but unrelated to, sparrows. They are endemic to the Palearctic and only appear in North America as a vagrant.

* Siberian accentor, *Prunella montanella* (A) **LC**

## Weavers and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Ploceidae

The weavers are small passerine birds related to the finches. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly colored, usually in red or yellow and black, though some species show variation in color only in the breeding season.

* Village weaver, *Ploceus cucullatus* (I) **LC**
* Northern red bishop, *Euplectes franciscanus* (I) **LC**
* Yellow-crowned bishop, *Euplectes afer* (I) **LC**

## Indigobirds

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Viduidae

The indigobirds are finch-like species which usually have black or indigo predominating in their plumage. All are brood parasites, which lay their eggs in the nests of estrildid finches

* Pin-tailed whydah, *Vidua macroura* (I) **LC**

## Waxbills and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Estrildidae

The estrildid finches are small passerine birds native to the Old World tropics. They are gregarious and often colonial seed eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have wide variation in plumage colors and patterns.

* Orange-cheeked waxbill, *Estrilda melpoda* (I) **LC**
* Black-rumped waxbill, *Estrilda troglodytes* (I) **LC**
* Common waxbill, *Estrilda astrild* (I) **LC**
* Red avadavat, *Amandava amandava* (I) **LC**
* Bronze mannikin, *Spermestes cucullata* (I) **LC**
* Indian silverbill, *Euodice malabarica* (I) **LC**
* African silverbill, *Euodice cantans* (I) **LC**
* Java sparrow, *Padda oryzivora* (I) **EN**
* Scaly-breasted munia, *Lonchura punctulata* (I) **LC**
* Tricolored munia, *Lonchura malacca* (I) **LC**
* Chestnut munia, *Lonchura atricapilla* (I) **LC**

## Old World sparrows

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Passeridae

Old World sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small plump brownish or grayish birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects.

* House sparrow, *Passer domesticus* (I) **LC**
* Eurasian tree sparrow, *Passer montanus* (I) **LC**

## Wagtails and pipits

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Motacillidae

Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country.

* Eastern yellow wagtail, *Motacilla tschutschensis* **LC**
* Citrine wagtail, *Motacilla citreola* (A) **LC**
* Gray wagtail, *Motacilla cinerea* (A) **LC**
* White wagtail, *Motacilla alba* **LC**
* Tree pipit, *Anthus trivialis* (A) **LC**
* Olive-backed pipit, *Anthus hodgsoni* (A) **LC**
* Pechora pipit, *Anthus gustavi* (A) **LC**
* Red-throated pipit, *Anthus cervinus* **LC**
* American pipit, *Anthus rubescens* **LC**
* Meadow pipit, *Anthus pratensis* **NT**
* Sprague's pipit, *Anthus spragueii* **VU**
* Yellowish pipit, *Anthus lutescens* **LC**

## Finches, euphonias, and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Fringillidae

Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.

* Common chaffinch, *Fringilla coelebs* (A) **LC**
* Brambling, *Fringilla montifringilla* **LC**
* Yellow-collared chlorophonia, *Chlorophonia flavirostris* (A) **LC**
* Blue-crowned chlorophonia, *Chlorophonia occipitalis* **LC**
* Golden-browed chlorophonia, *Chlorophonia callophrys* **LC**
* Jamaican euphonia, *Euphonia jamaica* **LC**
* Scrub euphonia, *Euphonia affinis* **LC**
* West Mexican euphonia, *Euphonia godmani*
* Yellow-crowned euphonia, *Euphonia luteicapilla* **LC**
* Thick-billed euphonia, *Euphonia laniirostris* **LC**
* Yellow-throated euphonia, *Euphonia hirundinacea* **LC**
* Fulvous-vented euphonia, *Euphonia fulvicrissa* **LC**
* Spot-crowned euphonia, *Euphonia imitans* **LC**
* Olive-backed euphonia, *Euphonia gouldi* **LC**
* White-vented euphonia, *Euphonia minuta* **LC**
* Tawny-capped euphonia, *Euphonia anneae* **LC**
* Orange-bellied euphonia, *Euphonia xanthogaster* **LC**
* Antillean euphonia, *Chlorophonia musica* **LC**
* Elegant euphonia, *Chlorophonia elegantissima* **LC**
* Hooded grosbeak, *Coccothraustes abeillei* **LC**
* Evening grosbeak, *Coccothraustes vespertinus* **VU**
* Hawfinch, *Coccothraustes coccothraustes* (A) **LC**
* Common rosefinch, *Carpodacus erythrinus* **LC**
* Pallas's rosefinch, *Carpodacus roseus* (A) **LC**
* Pine grosbeak, *Pinicola enucleator* **LC**
* Eurasian bullfinch, *Pyrrhula pyrrhula* (A) **LC**
* Asian rosy-finch, (A) *Leucosticte arctoa* **LC**
* Gray-crowned rosy-finch, *Leucosticte tephrocotis* **LC**
* Black rosy-finch, *Leucosticte atrata* **EN**
* Brown-capped rosy-finch, *Leucosticte australis* **EN**
* House finch, *Haemorhous mexicanus* **LC**
* Purple finch, *Haemorhous purpureus* **LC**
* Cassin's finch, *Haemorhous cassinii* **LC**
* Oriental greenfinch, *Chloris sinica* (A) **LC**
* Yellow-fronted canary, *Crithagra mozambicus* (I) **LC**
* Common redpoll, *Acanthis flammea* **LC**
* Lesser redpoll, *Acanthis cabaret* (A)
* Hoary redpoll, *Acanthis hornemanni*
* Red crossbill, *Loxia curvirostra* **LC**
* Cassia crossbill, *Loxia sinesciuris*
* Hispaniolan crossbill, *Loxia megaplaga* **EN**
* White-winged crossbill, *Loxia leucoptera* **LC**
* European goldfinch, *Carduelis carduelis* (I) **LC**
* Eurasian siskin, *Spinus spinus* (A) **LC**
* Pine siskin, *Spinus pinus* **LC**
* Black-capped siskin, *Spinus atriceps* **LC**
* Black-headed siskin, *Spinus notata* **LC**
* Yellow-bellied siskin, *Spinus xanthogastra* **LC**
* Red siskin, *Spinus cucullata* (I) **EN** **E**
* Antillean siskin, *Spinus dominicensis* **LC**
* Lesser goldfinch, *Spinus psaltria* **LC**
* Lawrence's goldfinch, *Spinus lawrencei* **LC**
* American goldfinch, *Spinus tristis* **LC**
* Island canary, *Serinus canaria* (I) **LC**

## Longspurs and snow buntings

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Calcariidae

The Calcariidae are a group of passerine birds that have been traditionally grouped with the Emberizeridae (New World sparrows), but differ in a number of respects and are usually found in open grassy areas.

* Lapland longspur, *Calcarius lapponicus* **LC**
* Chestnut-collared longspur, *Calcarius ornatus* **VU**
* Smith's longspur, *Calcarius pictus* **LC**
* Thick-billed longspur, *Rhynchophanes mccownii* **LC**
* Snow bunting, *Plectrophenax nivalis* **LC**
* McKay's bunting, *Plectrophenax hyperboreus* **NT**

## Thrush-tanager

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Rhodinocichlidae

This species was historically placed in family Thraupidae. It was placed in its own family in 2017.

* Rosy thrush-tanager, *Rhodinocichla rosea* **LC**

## Old World buntings

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Emberizidae

Emberizidae is a family of passerine birds containing a single genus. Until 2017, the New World sparrows (Passerellidae) were also considered part of this family.

* Pine bunting, *Emberiza leucocephalos* (A) **LC**
* Yellow-browed bunting, *Emberiza chrysophrys* (A) **LC**
* Little bunting, *Emberiza pusilla* (A) **LC**
* Rustic bunting, *Emberiza rustica* **VU**
* Yellow-throated bunting, *Emberiza elegans* (A) **LC**
* Yellow-breasted bunting, *Emberiza aureola* (A) **CR**
* Gray bunting, *Emberiza variabilis* (A) **LC**
* Pallas's bunting, *Emberiza pallasi* (A) **LC**
* Reed bunting, *Emberiza schoeniclus* (A) **LC**

## New World sparrows

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Passerellidae

Until 2017, these species were considered part of the family Emberizidae. Most of the species are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many of these have distinctive head patterns.

* Yellow-throated chlorospingus, *Chlorospingus flavigularis* **LC**
* Ashy-throated chlorospingus, *Chlorospingus canigularis* **LC**
* Sooty-capped chlorospingus, *Chlorospingus pileatus* **LC**
* Common chlorospingus, *Chlorospingus flavopectus* **LC**
* Tacarcuna chlorospingus, *Chlorospingus tacarcunae* **LC**
* Pirre chlorospingus, *Chlorospingus inornatus* **LC**
* Rufous-winged sparrow, *Peucaea carpalis* **LC**
* Cinnamon-tailed sparrow, *Peucaea sumichrasti* **NT**
* Stripe-headed sparrow, *Peucaea ruficauda* **LC**
* Black-chested sparrow, *Peucaea humeralis* **LC**
* Bridled sparrow, *Peucaea mystacalis* **LC**
* Botteri's sparrow, *Peucaea botterii* **LC**
* Cassin's sparrow, *Peucaea cassinii* **LC**
* Bachman's sparrow, *Peucaea aestivalis* **NT**
* Grasshopper sparrow, *Ammodramus savannarum* **LC** (ssp. *floridanus*: **E**)
* Olive sparrow, *Arremonops rufivirgatus* **LC**
* Green-backed sparrow, *Arremonops chloronotus* **LC**
* Black-striped sparrow, *Arremonops conirostris* **LC**
* Five-striped sparrow, *Amphispizopsis quinquestriata* **LC**
* Black-throated sparrow, *Amphispiza bilineata* **LC**
* Lark sparrow, *Chondestes grammacus* **LC**
* Lark bunting, *Calamospiza melanocorys* **LC**
* Chipping sparrow, *Spizella passerina* **LC**
* Clay-colored sparrow, *Spizella pallida* **LC**
* Black-chinned sparrow, *Spizella atrogularis* **LC**
* Field sparrow, *Spizella pusilla* **LC**
* Brewer's sparrow, *Spizella breweri* **LC**
* Worthen's sparrow, *Spizella wortheni* **EN**
* Costa Rican brushfinch, *Arremon costaricensis* **LC**
* Black-headed brushfinch, *Arremon atricapillus* **LC**
* Orange-billed sparrow, *Arremon aurantiirostris* **LC**
* Green-striped brushfinch, *Arremon virenticeps* **LC**
* Chestnut-capped brushfinch *Arremon brunneinucha* **LC**
* Sooty-faced finch, *Arremon crassirostris* **LC**
* Fox sparrow, *Passerella iliaca* **LC**
* American tree sparrow, *Spizelloides arborea* **LC**
* Volcano junco, *Junco vulcani* **LC**
* Guadalupe junco, *Junco insularis* **EN**
* Dark-eyed junco, *Junco hyemalis* **LC**
* Yellow-eyed junco, *Junco phaeonotus* **LC**
* Baird's junco, *Junco bairdi* **NT**
* Rufous-collared sparrow, *Zonotrichia capensis* **LC**
* White-crowned sparrow, *Zonotrichia leucophrys* **LC**
* Golden-crowned sparrow, *Zonotrichia atricapilla* **LC**
* Harris's sparrow, *Zonotrichia querula* **NT**
* White-throated sparrow, *Zonotrichia albicollis* **LC**
* Sagebrush sparrow, *Artemisiospiza nevadensis* **LC**
* Bell's sparrow, *Artemisiospiza belli* **LC** (ssp. *clementeae*: **T**)
* Striped sparrow, *Oriturus superciliosus* **LC**
* Vesper sparrow, *Pooecetes gramineus* **LC**
* Le Conte's sparrow, *Ammospiza leconteii* **LC**
* Seaside sparrow, *Ammospiza maritima* **LC** (Cape Sable seaside sparrow *A. m. mirabilis*: **E**)
* Nelson's sparrow, *Ammospiza nelsoni* **LC**
* Saltmarsh sparrow, *Ammospiza caudacuta* **EN**
* Baird's sparrow, *Centronyx bairdii* **LC**
* Henslow's sparrow, *Centronyx henslowii* **LC**
* Savannah sparrow, *Passerculus sandwichensis* **LC**
* Sierra Madre sparrow, *Xenospiza baileyi* **EN**
* Song sparrow, *Melospiza melodia* **LC**
* Lincoln's sparrow, *Melospiza lincolnii* **LC**
* Swamp sparrow, *Melospiza georgiana* **LC**
* Large-footed finch, *Pezopetes capitalis* **LC**
* Zapata sparrow, *Torreornis inexpectata* **VU**
* Rusty-crowned ground-sparrow, *Melozone kieneri* **LC**
* Canyon towhee, *Melozone fusca* **LC**
* White-throated towhee, *Melozone albicollis* **LC**
* Abert's towhee, *Melozone aberti* **LC**
* California towhee, *Melozone crissalis* **LC** (ssp. *eremophilus*: **T**)
* White-eared ground-sparrow, *Melozone leucotis* **LC**
* White-faced ground-sparrow, *Melozone biarcuata*
* Cabanis's ground-sparrow, *Melozone cabanisi*
* Rusty sparrow, *Aimophila rufescens* **LC**
* Rufous-crowned sparrow, *Aimophila ruficeps* **LC**
* Oaxaca sparrow, *Aimophila notosticta* **LC**
* Green-tailed towhee, *Pipilo chlorurus* **LC**
* Spotted towhee, *Pipilo maculatus* **LC**
* Eastern towhee, *Pipilo erythrophthalmus* **LC**
* Collared towhee, *Pipilo ocai* **LC**
* Rufous-capped brushfinch, *Atlapetes pileatus* **LC**
* White-naped brushfinch, *Atlapetes albinucha* **LC**
* Yellow-thighed brushfinch, *Atlapetes tibialis* **LC**
* Yellow-green brushfinch, *Atlapetes luteoviridis* **VU**

## Chat-tanagers

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Calyptophilidae

These two species were formerly classified as tanagers (family Thraupidae) but were placed in their own family in 2017.

* Western chat-tanager, *Calyptophilus tertius* **VU**
* Eastern chat-tanager, *Calyptophilus frugivorus* **NT**

## Hispaniolan tanagers

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Phaenicophilidae

The members of this small family were formerly classified as tanagers and New World warblers (family Parulidae) but were placed in their own family in 2017.

* Black-crowned palm-tanager, *Phaenicophilus palmarum* **LC**
* Gray-crowned palm-tanager, *Phaenicophilus poliocephalus* **NT**
* White-winged warbler, *Xenoligea montana* **VU**
* Green-tailed warbler, *Microligea palustris* **LC**

## Puerto Rican tanager

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Nesospingidae

This species was formerly classified as a tanager (family Thraupidae) but was placed in its own family in 2017.

* Puerto Rican tanager, *Nesospingus speculiferus* **LC**

## Spindalises

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Spindalidae

The members of this small family are native to the Greater Antilles. They were formerly classified as tanagers but were placed in their own family in 2017.

* Western spindalis, *Spindalis zena* **LC**
* Jamaican spindalis, *Spindalis nigricephala* **LC**
* Hispaniolan spindalis, *Spindalis dominicensis* **LC**
* Puerto Rican spindalis, *Spindalis portoricensis* **LC**

## Wrenthrush

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Zeledoniidae

Despite its name, this species is neither a wren nor a thrush, and is not closely related to either family. It was moved from the wood-warblers (Parulidae) and placed in its own family in 2017.

* Wrenthrush, *Zeledonia coronata* **LC**

## Cuban warblers

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Teretistridae

These two species were formerly placed in the New World warblers (Parulidae) but were moved to their own family in 2017.

* Yellow-headed warbler, *Teretistris fernandinae* **LC**
* Oriente warbler, *Teretistris fornsi* **LC**

## Yellow-breasted chat

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Icteriidae

This species was historically placed in the wood-warblers but nonetheless most authorities were unsure if it belonged there. It was placed in its own family in 2017.

* Yellow-breasted chat, *Icteria virens* **LC**

## Troupials and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Icteridae

The icterids are a group of small to medium-sized, often colorful passerine birds restricted to the New World and include the grackles, New World blackbirds and New World orioles. Most species have black as a predominant plumage color, often enlivened by yellow, orange or red.

* Yellow-headed blackbird, *Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus* **LC**
* Bobolink, *Dolichonyx oryzivorus* **LC**
* Eastern meadowlark, *Sturnella magna* **NT**
* Western meadowlark, *Sturnella neglecta* **LC**
* Red-breasted meadowlark, *Leistes militaris* **LC**
* Yellow-billed cacique, *Amblycercus holosericeus* **LC**
* Yellow-winged cacique, *Cassiculus melanicterus* **LC**
* Crested oropendola, *Psarocolius decumanus* **LC**
* Chestnut-headed oropendola, *Psarocolius wagleri* **LC**
* Montezuma oropendola, *Psarocolius montezuma* **LC**
* Black oropendola, *Psarocolius guatimozinus* **LC**
* Scarlet-rumped cacique, *Cacicus uropygialis* **LC**
* Yellow-rumped cacique, *Cacicus cela* **LC**
* Bahama oriole, *Icterus northropi* **CR**
* Cuban oriole, *Icterus melanopsis* **LC**
* Hispaniolan oriole, *Icterus dominicensis* **LC**
* Puerto Rican oriole, *Icterus portoricensis* **LC**
* St. Lucia oriole, *Icterus laudabilis* **NT**
* Montserrat oriole, *Icterus oberi* **VU**
* Martinique oriole, *Icterus bonana* **VU**
* Black-vented oriole, *Icterus wagleri* **LC**
* Bar-winged oriole, *Icterus maculialatus* **LC**
* Black-cowled oriole, *Icterus prosthemelas* **LC**
* Orchard oriole, *Icterus spurius* **LC**
* Hooded oriole, *Icterus cucullatus* **LC**
* Yellow-backed oriole, *Icterus chrysater* **LC**
* Orange-crowned oriole, *Icterus auricapillus* **LC**
* Yellow-tailed oriole, *Icterus mesomelas* **LC**
* Venezuelan troupial, *Icterus icterus* **LC** (I)
* Streak-backed oriole, *Icterus pustulatus* **LC**
* Bullock's oriole, *Icterus bullockii* **LC**
* Orange oriole, *Icterus auratus* **LC**
* Jamaican oriole, *Icterus leucopteryx* **LC**
* Spot-breasted oriole, *Icterus pectoralis* (I) **LC**
* Altamira oriole, *Icterus gularis* **LC**
* Audubon's oriole, *Icterus graduacauda* **LC**
* Baltimore oriole, *Icterus galbula* **LC**
* Black-backed oriole, *Icterus abeillei* **LC**
* Scott's oriole, *Icterus parisorum* **LC**
* Jamaican blackbird, *Nesopsar nigerrimus* **EN**
* Red-winged blackbird, *Agelaius phoeniceus* **LC**
* Red-shouldered blackbird, *Agelaius assimilis* **LC**
* Tricolored blackbird, *Agelaius tricolor* **EN**
* Tawny-shouldered blackbird, *Agelaius humeralis* **LC**
* Yellow-shouldered blackbird, *Agelaius xanthomus* **EN** **E**
* Shiny cowbird, *Molothrus bonariensis* **LC**
* Bronzed cowbird, *Molothrus aeneus* **LC**
* Brown-headed cowbird, *Molothrus ater* **LC**
* Giant cowbird, *Molothrus oryzivorus* **LC**
* Melodious blackbird, *Dives dives* **LC**
* Cuban blackbird, *Ptiloxena atroviolacea* **LC**
* Rusty blackbird, *Euphagus carolinus* **VU**
* Brewer's blackbird, *Euphagus cyanocephalus* **LC**
* Common grackle, *Quiscalus quiscula* **NT**
* Boat-tailed grackle, *Quiscalus major* **LC**
* Great-tailed grackle, *Quiscalus mexicanus* **LC**
* Slender-billed grackle, *Quiscalus palustris* (E) **EX** **E**
* Nicaraguan grackle, *Quiscalus nicaraguensis* **LC**
* Greater Antillean grackle, *Quiscalus niger* **LC**
* Carib grackle, *Quiscalus lugubris* **LC**}
* Yellow-hooded blackbird, *Chrysomus icterocephalus* **LC**

## New World warblers

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Parulidae

The wood warblers are a group of small often colorful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some are more terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores. In August 2011, the North American Committee of the AOS changed their classification of many of the wood warblers. Since this list is based on the AOS classification, changes to scientific names are updated here.

* Ovenbird, *Seiurus aurocapilla* **LC**
* Worm-eating warbler, *Helmitheros vermivorus* **LC**
* Louisiana waterthrush, *Parkesia motacilla* **LC**
* Northern waterthrush, *Parkesia noveboracensis* **LC**
* Bachman's warbler, *Vermivora bachmanii* (E?) **CR** **E**
* Golden-winged warbler, *Vermivora chrysoptera* **NT**
* Blue-winged warbler, *Vermivora cyanoptera* **LC**
* Black-and-white warbler, *Mniotilta varia* **LC**
* Prothonotary warbler, *Protonotaria citrea* **LC**
* Swainson's warbler, *Limnothlypis swainsonii* **LC**
* Crescent-chested warbler, *Oreothlypis superciliosa* **LC**
* Flame-throated warbler, *Oreothlypis gutturalis* **LC**
* Tennessee warbler, *Leiothlypis peregrina* **LC**
* Orange-crowned warbler, *Leiothlypis celata* **LC**
* Colima warbler, *Leiothlypis crissalis* **LC**
* Lucy's warbler, *Leiothlypis luciae* **LC**
* Nashville warbler, *Leiothlypis ruficapilla* **LC**
* Virginia's warbler, *Leiothlypis virginiae* **LC**
* Semper's warbler, *Leucopeza semperi* **CR** **E**
* Connecticut warbler, *Oporornis agilis* **LC**
* Gray-crowned yellowthroat, *Geothlypis poliocephala* **LC**
* MacGillivray's warbler, *Geothlypis tolmiei* **LC**
* Mourning warbler, *Geothlypis philadelphia* **LC**
* Kentucky warbler, *Geothlypis formosa* **LC**
* Olive-crowned yellowthroat, *Geothlypis semiflava* **LC**
* Black-polled yellowthroat, *Geothlypis speciosa* **EN**
* Belding's yellowthroat, *Geothlypis beldingi* **VU**
* Bahama yellowthroat, *Geothlypis rostrata* **LC**
* Altamira yellowthroat, *Geothlypis flavovelata* **VU**
* Common yellowthroat, *Geothlypis trichas* **LC**
* Hooded yellowthroat, *Geothlypis nelsoni* **LC**
* Whistling warbler, *Catharopeza bishopi* **EN**
* Plumbeous warbler, *Setophaga plumbea* **LC**
* Elfin-woods warbler, *Setophaga angelae* **EN**
* Arrowhead warbler, *Setophaga pharetra* **LC**
* Hooded warbler, *Setophaga citrina* **LC**
* American redstart, *Setophaga ruticilla* **LC**
* Kirtland's warbler, *Setophaga kirtlandii* **NT** **E**
* Cape May warbler, *Setophaga tigrina* **LC**
* Cerulean warbler, *Setophaga cerulea* **NT**
* Northern parula, *Setophaga americana* **LC**
* Tropical parula, *Setophaga pitiayumi* **LC**
* Magnolia warbler, *Setophaga magnolia* **LC**
* Bay-breasted warbler, *Setophaga castanea* **LC**
* Blackburnian warbler, *Setophaga fusca* **LC**
* Yellow warbler, *Setophaga petechia* **LC** (ssp. *petechia*: **E**)
* Chestnut-sided warbler, *Setophaga pensylvanica* **LC**
* Blackpoll warbler, *Setophaga striata* **NT**
* Black-throated blue warbler, *Setophaga caerulescens* **LC**
* Palm warbler, *Setophaga palmarum* **LC**
* Olive-capped warbler, *Setophaga pityophila* **LC**
* Pine warbler, *Setophaga pinus* **LC**
* Yellow-rumped warbler, *Setophaga coronata* **LC**
* Yellow-throated warbler, *Setophaga dominica* **LC**
* Bahama warbler, *Setophaga flavescens* **NT**
* Vitelline warbler, *Setophaga vitellina* **NT**
* Prairie warbler, *Setophaga discolor* **LC**
* Adelaide's warbler, *Setophaga adelaidae* **LC**
* Barbuda warbler, *Setophaga subita* **NT**
* St. Lucia warbler, *Setophaga delicata* **LC**
* Grace's warbler, *Setophaga graciae* **LC**
* Black-throated gray warbler, *Setophaga nigrescens* **LC**
* Townsend's warbler, *Setophaga townsendi* **LC**
* Hermit warbler, *Setophaga occidentalis* **LC**
* Golden-cheeked warbler, *Setophaga chrysoparia* **EN** **E**
* Black-throated green warbler, *Setophaga virens* **LC**
* Buff-rumped warbler, *Myiothlypis fulvicauda* **LC**
* Fan-tailed warbler, *Basileuterus lachrymosus* **LC**
* Rufous-capped warbler, *Basileuterus rufifrons* **LC**
* Chestnut-capped warbler, *Basileuterus delattrii*
* Black-cheeked warbler, *Basileuterus melanogenys* **LC**
* Pirre warbler, *Basileuterus ignotus* **VU**
* Golden-browed warbler, *Basileuterus belli* **LC**
* Golden-crowned warbler, *Basileuterus culicivorus* **LC**
* Costa Rican warbler, *Basileuterus melanotis*
* Tacarcuna warbler, *Basileuterus tacarcunae*
* Canada warbler, *Cardellina canadensis* **LC**
* Wilson's warbler, *Cardellina pusilla* **LC**
* Red-faced warbler, *Cardellina rubrifrons* **LC**
* Red warbler, *Cardellina rubra* **LC**
* Pink-headed warbler, *Cardellina versicolor* **VU**
* Painted redstart, *Myioborus pictus* **LC**
* Slate-throated redstart, *Myioborus miniatus* **LC**
* Collared redstart, *Myioborus torquatus* **LC**

## Mitrospingid tanagers

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Mitrospingidae

The members of this small family were previously included in Thraupidae ("true" tanagers). They were placed in this new family in 2017.

* Dusky-faced tanager, *Mitrospingus cassinii* **LC**

## Cardinals and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Cardinalidae

The cardinals are a family of robust, seed-eating birds with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages.

* Rose-throated tanager, *Piranga roseogularis* **LC**
* Hepatic tanager, *Piranga flava* **LC**
* Summer tanager, *Piranga rubra* **LC**
* Scarlet tanager, *Piranga olivacea* **LC**
* Western tanager, *Piranga ludoviciana* **LC**
* Flame-colored tanager, *Piranga bidentata* **LC**
* White-winged tanager, *Piranga leucoptera* **LC**
* Red-headed tanager, *Piranga erythrocephala* **LC**
* Red-crowned ant-tanager, *Habia rubica* **LC**
* Red-throated ant-tanager, *Habia fuscicauda* **LC**
* Black-cheeked ant-tanager, *Habia atrimaxillaris* **EN**
* Carmiol's tanager, *Chlorothraupis carmioli*
* Lemon-spectacled tanager, *Chlorothraupis olivacea* **LC**
* Black-faced grosbeak, *Caryothraustes poliogaster* **LC**
* Yellow-green grosbeak, *Caryothraustes canadensis* **LC**
* Crimson-collared grosbeak, *Rhodothraupis celaeno* **LC**
* Northern cardinal, *Cardinalis cardinalis* **LC**
* Pyrrhuloxia, *Cardinalis sinuatus* **LC**
* Yellow grosbeak, *Pheucticus chrysopeplus* **LC**
* Black-thighed grosbeak, *Pheucticus tibialis* **LC**
* Rose-breasted grosbeak, *Pheucticus ludovicianus* **LC**
* Black-headed grosbeak, *Pheucticus melanocephalus* **LC**
* Red-breasted chat, *Granatellus venustus* **LC**
* Gray-throated chat, *Granatellus sallaei* **LC**
* Blue seedeater, *Amaurospiza concolor* **LC**
* Blue-black grosbeak, *Cyanoloxia cyanoides* **LC**
* Blue bunting, *Cyanocompsa parellina* **LC**
* Blue grosbeak, *Passerina caerulea* **LC**
* Lazuli bunting, *Passerina amoena* **LC**
* Indigo bunting, *Passerina cyanea* **LC**
* Rose-bellied bunting, *Passerina rositae* **NT**
* Orange-breasted bunting, *Passerina leclancherii* **LC**
* Varied bunting, *Passerina versicolor* **LC**
* Painted bunting, *Passerina ciris* **LC**
* Dickcissel, *Spiza americana* **LC**

## Tanagers and allies

**Order**: Passeriformes   **Family**: Thraupidae

The tanagers are a large group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World, mainly in the tropics. Many species are brightly colored. They are seed eaters, but their preference tends towards fruit and nectar. Most have short, rounded wings.

* Blue-and-gold tanager, *Bangsia arcaei* **NT**
* Speckled tanager, *Ixothraupis guttata* **LC**
* Gray-and-gold tanager, *Poecilostreptus palmeri* **LC**
* Azure-rumped tanager, *Poecilostreptus cabanisi* **EN**
* Blue-gray tanager, *Thraupis episcopus* **LC**
* Yellow-winged tanager, *Thraupis abbas* **LC**
* Palm tanager *Thraupis palmarum* **LC**
* Golden-hooded tanager, *Stilpnia larvata* **LC**
* Lesser Antillean tanager, *Stilpnia cucullata* **LC**
* Green-naped tanager, *Tangara fucosa* **NT**
* Spangle-cheeked tanager, *Tangara dowii* **LC**
* Plain-colored tanager, *Tangara inornata* **LC**
* Rufous-winged tanager, *Tangara lavinia* **LC**
* Bay-headed tanager, *Tangara gyrola* **LC**
* Emerald tanager, *Tangara florida* **LC**
* Silver-throated tanager, *Tangara icterocephala* **LC**
* White-eared conebill, *Conirostrum leucogenys* **LC**
* Saffron finch, *Sicalis flaveola* (I) **LC**
* Grassland yellow-finch, *Sicalis luteola* **LC**
* Slaty finch, *Haplospiza rustica* **LC**
* Peg-billed finch, *Acanthidops bairdi* **LC**
* Cinnamon-bellied flowerpiercer, *Diglossa baritula* **LC**
* Slaty flowerpiercer, *Diglossa plumbea* **LC**
* Green honeycreeper, *Chlorophanes spiza* **LC**
* Black-and-yellow tanager, *Chrysothlypis chrysomelas* **LC**
* Sulphur-rumped tanager, *Heterospingus rubrifrons* **LC**
* Scarlet-browed tanager, *Heterospingus xanthopygius* **LC**
* Yellow-backed tanager, *Hemithraupis flavicollis* **LC**
* Blue-black grassquit, *Volatinia jacarina* **LC**
* Gray-headed tanager, *Eucometis penicillata* **LC**
* White-shouldered tanager, *Loriotus luctuosus* **LC**
* Tawny-crested tanager, *Tachyphonus delatrii* **LC**
* White-lined tanager, *Tachyphonus rufus* **LC**
* Black-throated shrike-tanager, *Lanio aurantius* **LC**
* White-throated shrike-tanager, *Lanio leucothorax* **LC**
* Crimson-collared tanager, *Ramphocelus sanguinolentus* **LC**
* Flame-rumped tanager, *Ramphocelus flammigerus* **LC**
* Scarlet-rumped tanager, *Ramphocelus passerinii* **LC**
* Crimson-backed tanager, *Ramphocelus dimidiatus* **LC**
* Swallow tanager, *Tersina viridis* **LC**
* Shining honeycreeper, *Cyanerpes lucidus* **LC**
* Purple honeycreeper, *Cyanerpes caeruleus* **LC**
* Red-legged honeycreeper, *Cyanerpes cyaneus* **LC**
* Scarlet-thighed dacnis, *Dacnis venusta* **LC**
* Blue dacnis, *Dacnis cayana* **LC**
* Viridian dacnis, *Dacnis viguieri* **LC**
* Bananaquit, *Coereba flaveola* **LC**
* Yellow-faced grassquit, *Tiaris olivaceus* **LC**
* Orangequit, *Euneornis campestris* **LC**
* Puerto Rican bullfinch, *Melopyrrha portoricensis* **LC**
* St. Kitts bullfinch, *Melopyrrha grandis*
* Cuban bullfinch, *Melopyrrha nigra* **LC**
* Greater Antillean bullfinch, *Melopyrrha violacea* **LC**
* Yellow-shouldered grassquit, *Loxipasser anoxanthus* **LC**
* Cuban grassquit, *Phonipara canora* **LC**
* Lesser Antillean bullfinch, *Loxigilla noctis* **LC**
* Barbados bullfinch, *Loxigilla barbadensis* **LC**
* Black-faced grassquit, *Melanospiza bicolor* **LC**
* St. Lucia black finch, *Melanospiza richardsoni* **EN**
* Cocos finch, *Pinaroloxias inornata* **VU**
* Lined seedeater, *Sporophila lineola* **LC**
* Thick-billed seed-finch, *Sporophila funerea* **LC**
* Large-billed seed-finch, *Sporophila crassirostris* **LC**
* Nicaraguan seed-finch, *Sporophila nuttingi* **LC**
* Variable seedeater, *Sporophila corvina* **LC**
* Slate-colored seedeater, *Sporophila schistacea* **LC**
* Cinnamon-rumped seedeater, *Sporophila torqueola* **LC**
* Morelet's seedeater, *Sporophila morelleti* **LC**
* Yellow-bellied seedeater, *Sporophila nigricollis* **LC**
* Ruddy-breasted seedeater, *Sporophila minuta* **LC**
* Wedge-tailed grass-finch, *Emberizoides herbicola* **LC**
* Black-headed saltator, *Saltator atriceps* **LC**
* Buff-throated saltator, *Saltator maximus* **LC**
* Slate-colored grosbeak, *Saltator grossus* **LC**
* Lesser Antillean saltator, *Saltator albicollis* **LC**
* Grayish saltator, *Saltator coerulescens* **LC**
* Streaked saltator, *Saltator striatipectus* **LC**

## See also

* Lists of birds by region
* List of mammals of North America
* List of North American reptiles
* List of North American amphibians

## References

1. ↑ Lepage, Denis. "Bird Checklists of the World - North America". Avibase. Retrieved August 25, 2021.
2. ↑ Szabo, Ildiko, Kimberly Walters, James Rourke, and Darren E. Irwin. First record of house swift (*Apus nipalensis*) in the Americas. *The Wilson Journal of Ornithology* 129(2):411-416, 2017
3. ↑ BirdLife International (2013). "*Spheniscus humboldti*". *IUCN Red List of Threatened Species*. **2013**. Retrieved 26 November 2013. old-form url
4. ↑ BirdLife International (2018). "*Pterodroma caribbaea*". *IUCN Red List of Threatened Species*. **2018**: e.T22698097A132625182. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22698097A132625182.en .
5. ↑ BirdLife International (2016). "*Ciconia ciconia*". *IUCN Red List of Threatened Species*. **2016**: e.T22697691A86248677. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
6. ↑ BirdLife International (2012). "*Corvus corone*". *IUCN Red List of Threatened Species*. **2012**. Retrieved 26 November 2013. old-form url

## External links

* Guide to North American Birds - National Audubon Society