recursal/Fanatic-Fandom huggingface dataset:
Cambridge Analytica

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## Who is Cambridge Analytica?

Cambridge Analytica is a British political consulting firm that used information gathered through data tracking to influence potential voters during elections.

## How Did They Obtain the Data?

Most of the data that was used by Cambridge Analytica with obtained through Facebook. Cambridge Analytica was able to access millions of profiles and gather personal information about the users.

## How Did Cambridge Analytica Use This Data?

Cambridge Analytica used the data that was gathered to run targeted ads to millions of potential voters, in hopes of influencing their voting decision. Many fake news stories and ads, which were given to specific users based on their personality types, were run through Facebook to millions of targeted users. These stories had the aim to influence voters into voting for, now president, Donald Trump.

## Why is This a Problem?

All of the information that was gathered on Facebook users was obtained without the users knowledge. This means that many users had their data stolen. The process of tracking and gathering data on users without their consent brings about an ethical debate on the semantic web. While personalization of the internet is a convenient tool, when does the amount of data stored become too much?

## References

* Photo: http://dc.medill.northwestern.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Cambridge-Analytica-1.png
* Chen, A. (2018, March 22). Cambridge Analytica and Our Lives Inside the Surveillance Machine. Retrieved April 13, 2018, from https://www.newyorker.com/tech/elements/cambridge-analytica-and-our-lives-inside-the-surveillance-machine
* Halpern, S. (2018, March 22). Cambridge Analytica, Facebook, and the Revelations of Open Secrets. Retrieved April 13, 2018, from https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/cambridge-analytica-facebook-and-the-revelations-of-open-secrets
* Lapowsky, I. (2018, March 22). Cambridge Analytica Execs Caught Discussing Extortion and Fake News. Retrieved April 13, 2018, from https://www.wired.com/story/cambridge-analytica-execs-caught-discussing-extortion-and-fake-news/
VPN

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## What is a VPN?

A VPN is short for Virtual Private Network, which is a private network that can access a public network. What this means is that a VPN is a private and secure area of the internet that allows for its user to access the open internet while still maintaining their security and privacy.

## VPN for Security

VPNs are often used for security purposes as it allows for the user to maintain anonymous while still accessing the internet. VPNs generally only allow authenticated access through the network, allowing the connection to remain secure.

## Top VPN Providers

* ExpressVPN
* IPVanish
* VyprVPN
* NordVPN
* TunnelBear

## References

1. Athow, D. (2017, October 09). What is a VPN? Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://www.techradar.com/news/what-is-a-vpn
2. Virtual private network. (2018, April 13). Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual\_private\_network
3. Athow, D. (2018, March 23). The best VPN services for 2018. Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://www.techradar.com/vpn/best-vpn
4. https://9to5mac.files.wordpress.com/2017/09/what-is-vpn-how-it-works-need-of-vpn.jpg?quality=82&strip=all&w=1500
User

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## Definition

 A user is person who uses computers for entertainment, work, business, or communication. This definition includes anyone who uses a computer for any reason. The person using the computer is the user.

## References

1. The Use of Computers in Entertainment. (n.d.). Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://www.techwalla.com/articles/the-use-of-computers-in-entertainment
CERN

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## Description

Founded in 1954, the CERN (Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire) laboratory sits astride the Franco-Swiss border near Geneva. It was one of Europe's first joint ventures and now has 22 member states.

At CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, physicists and engineers are probing the fundamental structure of the universe. They use the world's largest and most complex scientific instruments to study the basic constituents of matter, the fundamental particles.

The instruments used at CERN are purpose-built particle accelerators and detectors. Accelerators boost beams of particles to high energies before the beams are made to collide with each other or with stationary targets. Detectors observe and record the results of these collisions. The process gives the physicists clues about how the particles interact, and provides insights into the fundamental laws of nature.

Founded in 1954, the CERN laboratory sits astride the Franco-Swiss
border near Geneva. It was one of Europe's first joint ventures and now
has 22 member states.

## References

1. CERN Accelerating science. (n.d.). Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://home.cern/about
Anonymity

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## Description

A situation in which the name of a person who does something such as write a book or give information is not known or is kept secret. Instead of using their actual names while communicating, people instead choose to use pseudonyms (assumed names) or be anonymously (no name at all). For those individuals and any organizations that may support them, anonymity is critical. It may save the lives of those giving sensitive information.

Anonymity can be defined as the lock of identifiable by other Internet users and the inability to connect information back to an individual's offline identity. On the internet, anonymity allows users to divulge possible serious issues that would otherwise not be mentioned in a world where their identity was known. This allows a form communication that gives whistle blowers a large platform from which to be heard that is also relatively safe. This is creating a more open society where issues that were once difficult to speak about due to possible repercussions are beginning to be addressed without the fear that once kept people from speaking up.

## Anonymity in Online Gaming

The medium in which can enable online gamers to maintain anonymity online while interacting with other gamers is avatar. They enable people to create a desired persona online. When people create an avatar based on themselves, the avatar created tends to be an idealized version of themselves not only in physical, but also in personality traits. Studies have found that our ability to create idealized versions of ourselves is strongly connected to how immersed we become in the game and how much we identify with our avatar

## References

1. Anonymity - definition and synonyms. (n.d.). Retrieved April 12, 2018, from https://www.macmillandictionary.com/us/dictionary/american/anonymity
2. Anonymity. (n.d.). Retrieved April 12, 2018, from https://www.eff.org/issues/anonymity
3. Winkler, S., & Zeadally, S. (2015). An analysis of tools for online anonymity. International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications, 11(4), 436-453.
4. Loftus, G. R., & Loftus, E. F. (1983). Mind at play; The psychology of video games. Basic Books, Inc..
Energie AG-SkisprungArena

## Aigner-Schanze HS90

**Aigner-Schanze** - normalna skocznia narciarska zlokalizowana w austriackiej miejscowości  Hinzenbach.

W 2018 i 2021 roku zorganizowano tutaj zawody w ramach Letniego Pucharu Europy.

## Parametry skoczni

* Punkt konstrukcyjny: 85 m
* Wielkość skoczni (HS): 90 m
* Długość najazdu: 94,9 m
* Nachylenie najazdu: 30°
* Długość progu: 6,4 m
* Nachylenie progu: 10°
* Wysokość progu: 2,13 m
* Nachylenie zeskoku: 32,8°

## Zobacz też

* Hinzenbach
* Letni Puchar Europy

## Przypisy

1. ↑ Konkurs odwołany z powodu pandemii COVID-19.
2. ↑ Konkurs przeniesiony z 23 września.
3. ↑ Z powodu zbyt dużej zmiany profilu skoczni w 2021 roku wszystkie dotychczasowe rekordy zostały zresetowane.
OWL (Web Ontology Language)

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The Web Ontology Language is a sophisticated computer language that helps represent knowledge of things, related things and relationships to other data. OWL is part of the stack of tools used to make the semantic web possibile.

References:

“OWL.” *OWL - Semantic Web Standards*, www.w3.org/OWL/.
Phishing

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## Description

The practice of luring unsuspecting Internet users to a fake Web site by using authentic-looking email with the real organization's logo, in an attempt to steal passwords, financial or personal information, or introduce a virus attack; the creation of a Web site replica for fooling unsuspecting Internet users into submitting personal or financial information or passwords.

## References

1. Phish. (n.d.). Retrieved April 14, 2018, from http://www.dictionary.com/browse/phishing?s=t
2. (n.d.). Retrieved April 15, 2018, from http://www.doncio.navy.mil/CHIPS/ArticleDetails.aspx?ID=6687
Algorithm

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## Description

A set of rules for solving a problem in a finite number of steps, as for finding the greatest common divisor.

## References

1. (n.d.). Retrieved April 06, 2018, from https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-1&biw=1536&bih=727&q=Dictionary
2. File:Evolutionary Algorithm.svg. (n.d.). Retrieved April 05, 2018, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Evolutionary\_Algorithm.svg
Robert Cailiau

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Robert Cailliau (born 26 January 1947) is a Belgian informatics engineer and computer scientist who created the first web browser for the Mac. He also designed the historical logo of the WWW, and organized the first international World WIde Web Conference at CERN in 1994.

## Career

In 1974, Cailliau started working at CERN as a Fellow in the Proton Synchrotron (PS) division, working on the control system of the accelerator. In 1987 he left the PS division to become group leader of Office Computing Systems in the Data Handling division. Then in 1989, Tim Berners-Lee proposed a hypertext system for access to the many forms of documentation at and related to CERN. This became known as the World Wide Web. From September to December 1990, Cailliau and Berners-Lee co-authored a proposal for funding for the project. Cailliau later became a key proponent of the first web browser with Nicola Pellow for the Classic Mac OS operating system called MacWWW.

In 1993 Cailliau called for the first International World Wide Web Conference which was later held at CERN in May 1994. He was a member of the International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee which has organized an annual conference since then.

## Awards

* 1995: ACM Software System Award (with Tim Berners-Lee)
* 1999: Christophe Plantin Prize, Antwerp
* 1999: Dr. Hon. Southern Cross University
* 2000: Dr. Hon. University of Ghent
* 2001: Médaille Genève Reconnaissante (with Tim Berners-Lee)
* 2004: Commander in the Order of King Leopold (awarded by King Albert II of Belgium)
* 2006: Honorary citizenship of the city of Tongeren
* 2008: Gold Medal of the Flemish Academy of Sciences and the Arts
* 2009: Dr. Hon. University of Liège (with Tim Berners-Lee)
* 2010: Ehrenpreis Best of Swiss Web
* 2012: Internet Hall of Fame by the Internet Society

## Reference

1. Robert Cailliau. (2018, April 15). Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert\_Cailliau
Personal Information

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The idea of personal information on the internet can include many different aspects of an individuals life. Personal information can include, but not limited to the following:

* Personal Identifications (social security number, drivers license, etc.)
* Name
* Address
* Phone Numbers
* Emails
* Location
* Healthcare Records
* Personal Finances
* Criminal Justice Records
* Web Searches
* Any information an individual would not want others to see

## References

1. Information privacy. (2018, April 09). Retrieved April 10, 2018, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information\_privacy
2. Identity Theft News. (n.d.). Retrieved April 02, 2018, from https://www.lifelock.com/education/best-id-theft-protection/https://realbusiness.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/iSto
3. Stock Photo: https://realbusiness.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/iStock-168621112-700x524.jpg
Web Extensions

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## What are Web Extensions?

Web extensions, or also referred to as browser extensions are add-ons that increase the functionality of a web browser.

## Using an Extension to Avoid Tracking

One of the most well known web extensions that help users avoid data tracking is called Ghostery. Ghostery is an extension that allows users to block and control what types of data can be tracked as well as choose which companies can track the user.

## References

1. Browser extension. (2018, April 14). Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browser\_extension
2. Ghostery Makes the Web Cleaner, Faster and Safer! (n.d.). Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://www.ghostery.com/
3. https://images.techhive.com/images/article/2014/12/ghostery-100536936-primary.idge.jpg
Data

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## Definition

The quantities, characters, or symbols on which operations are performed by a computer, being stored and transmitted in the form of electrical signals and recorded on magnetic, optical, or mechanical recording media.

## References

1. Data | Definition of data in English by Oxford Dictionaries. (n.d.). Retrieved April 14, 2018, from https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/data
2. File:Data types - en.svg. (n.d.). Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Data\_types\_-\_en.svg
Semantic Web

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## The Semantic Web

The semantic web is a sophisticated,  intelligent web. It serves to be made catered towards the user. It allows data to be linked from source to source. The word semantic means relating to logic. The value of the semantic web is to teach computers what information we are pulling up on the web. Currently computers pull up web pages yet, they don't know what any of the information means. The semantic web allows the web to become smarter and understand this information. That way, the computer can guide the user to other similar web pages. The semantic web allows more accurate web searches. For example, if a pregnant women were to search for a pregnancy test, after this search the semantic web would be able to suggest searches related to pregnancy. This could include suggesting baby clothes, diapers, cribs, etc. This would allow a more personalized browsing experience for every individual. This makes it so no two people would have the same experience on the web. Browsing the web will be more efficient and simple. Users will be able to access information that maybe they wouldn’t have found if it weren’t for the semantic web.

Some of the systems used to help the semantic web are listed below:

**RDF (Resource Description Framework):**The RDF is the data modeling language.All of the semantic webs information is stored within here.

**SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language):**The query Language of the semantic web.

**OWL (Web Ontology Language):**The schema language or knowledge representation language. Owl is used to define concept composability. It allows you to make as many concepts as needed.

## History

The semantic web was named by Tim Berners-Lee. Tim first brought the idea to the public in an article released May 2001. He originally mentioned the idea at the first World Wide Web Conference in 1994. Berners-Lee envisioned a smarter, more productive web. Around May 2006 his idea started to take some ground when he released another article. This article can be found HERE.

## **References:**

1. Introduction to the Semantic Web. (n.d.). Retrieved April 14, 2018
2. Sweeney, P. (2016, August 19). The History of the Semantic Web is the Future of Intelligent Assistants. Retrieved April 14, 2018, from https://medium.com/inventing-intelligent-machines/the-history-of-the-semantic-web-is-the-future-of-intelligent-assistants-da2ed50443be
Companies Tracking Data

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## Top Tech Companies that Track Data

These are the major tech companies that collect and store user's personal data. While many companies claim that the information is used to create a personalized browsing experience, it can be hard to know with whom this information is shared.

* Google
* Facebook
* Amazon
* Microsoft
* Apple

## Top Data Brokers

Data brokers collect and sell user's personal data for profit, often times to marketing firms or any other companies looking for data.

* Acxiom
* Nielsen
* Experian
* Equifax
* Corelogic

## References

1. Patrizio, A. (2017, June 14). Big Data Companies. Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://www.datamation.com/big-data/big-data-companies.html
2. https://static.wixstatic.com/media/9d6350\_60e57b3e3b994d29890df104350a8e78~mv2.png/v1/fill/w\_775,h\_448,al\_c,usm\_0.66\_1.00\_0.01/9d6350\_60e57b3e3b994d29890df104350a8e78~mv2.png
3. Marr, B. (2017, September 07). Where Can You Buy Big Data? Here Are The Biggest Consumer Data Brokers. Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2017/09/07/where-can-you-buy-big-data-here-are-the-biggest-consumer-data-brokers/#40b706b66c27
Eli Pariser

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Eli Pariser is a left-wing political and internet activist, the chief executive of Upworthy, a website for viral content, and he is the board president of MoveOn.org and a co-founder of Avaaz.org.

## Career

In 2001, Pariser raised over 30 million dollars to help Democratic and Progressive political candidates with their races. He was the Executive Director of MoveOn.org from 2004 to 2008 and since 2008 has been the sitting Board President of the same organization.

Pariser noticed that based on a user's past Internet search history, the results of search engine queries would be such that liberal leaning individuals would receive different results than those that are conservative leaning. This discover led to Pariser defining the term filter bubble, a danger that people do not get exposed to viewpoints different from their own.

## Writings

Eli Pariser, *The Filter Bubble: What the Internet Is Hiding from You*, Penguin Press (New York, May 2011)

## Reference

1.    Eli Pariser. (2018, April 14). Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eli\_Pariser

2.    "*Bianca Bosker (2011-03-07). "Facebook, Google Giving Us Information Junk Food, Eli Pariser Warns". Huffpost Tech. Retrieved 2018-03-29. When it comes to content, Google and Facebook are offering us too much candy, and not enough carrots.*

3.     *"First Monday: What's on tap this month on TV and in movies and books: The Filter Bubble by Eli Pariser". USA Today. 2011. Retrieved 2018-03-29. Pariser explains that feeding us only what is familiar and comfortable to us closes us off to new ideas, subjects and important information.*
Sword Art Online: Memory Defrag вики

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Private Browsing

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## What are Private Browsers?

Private browsers are internet browsers that do not record the history, cookies, or allow tracking of the users internet activity. Many different browsers offer private browsing modes such as Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Tor.

## Truly Private Browsing

Tor is a browser that does not allow websites to view any personal information about the user as well as data tracking analysis on websites. This browsing allows for the user to anonymously view the web without any worry of being tracked, which provides the user with complete data privacy.

## Popular Private Browsers

Many of the popular internet browsers offer private modes that allow for the user to view the internet without a data trail. Google Chrome offers a "incognito" mode which provides the user with the ability to not store the history, cookies, or any information filled out in forms while browsing the internet. Mozilla Firefox also offers a similar feature called private browsing which has many of the same features as Chrome with one added benefit, tracking protection. Firefox's private mode offers users the opportunity to avoid data tracking by companies while they browse the internet.

## References

1. Privacy mode. (2018, April 14). Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy\_mode
2. Inc. (n.d.). Tor. Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://www.torproject.org/
3. How private browsing works - Android. (n.d.). Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://support.google.com/chrome/answer/7440301
4. Firefox. (n.d.). Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/private-browsing-use-firefox-without-history
5. https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1006/1\*tNNEGGuZ-uB2i7HHFvUDfQ.jpeg
Search Engine

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## Definition

A Search Engine is used to look through all of the information that is on the World Wide Web and find specific data. The results of the searches are most often returned in a lined list with the most relevant pages to the search at the top and least relevant at the bottom. Information returned may be a mix of images, web pages, and other types of files.

## History

The first search engine that was well documented was named Archie and debuted in September 1990. Before 1993, the World Wide Web was entirely indexed (recorded) by hand. There was a list of web-servers edited by Tim Berners-Lee and hosted on the CERN web-server. The company Google retains a snapshot of the list from 1992, but as more web servers went online and the World Wide Web started to grow the central list could not keep up.

   The first search engine to use a crawler based algorithm was developed in 1994 and was titled Webcrawler. The new engine allowed users to search any word on any page hosted on the World Wide Web. This advancement in search algorithms led to the development of the major search engines of Yahoo and Google which refined the search abilities and still use them in some form today.

## **References:**

1. Barysevich, A. (2017, October 05). How to Build Links for Bing vs. Google. Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://www.searchenginejournal.com/build-links-bing-vs-google/215581/
2. Web search engine. (2018, April 13). Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web\_search\_engine
3. Kimmons, J. (n.d.). Search Engines Defined. Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://www.thebalance.com/search-engine-2867354
World Wide Web

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## Description

In 1989, Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web . He wrote the first web browser computer program in 1990 while employed at CERN in Switzerland. The first release of the Web browser outside of CERN was in 1991. It was first released to other research institutions starting in January 1991 and then to the general public on the Internet in August 1991.

Billions of people everyday interact with the World Wide Web. The creation of the World Wide Web has led to an era know as the age of information where information on nearly any subject can be accessed in mere seconds on the internet. Web pages, where information is stored on the internet, mostly contain formatted text documents. However, they may also include images, video, audio, and software components.

## Security

According to web giant Google, as many as one in ten websites may contain malicious coding. As the use of the internet has grown throughout the years, so too has its utilization as a tool for criminal activities. Attacks such as cross-site scripting (XSS) that became popular with the introduction of JavaScript, were exacerbated to some degree by Web 2.0 and Ajax web design that favors the use of scripts. Another popular malicious activity is known as phishing and it accounts for over a billions dollars a year in losses to targeted internet users.

## References

1. World Wide Web. (2018, April 15). Retrieved April 12, 2018, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World\_Wide\_Web
2. n.d.). Retrieved April 11, 2018, from https://www.w3.org/Help/#webinternet
Kiviuq (moon)

## Kiviuq

D-type

Kiviuq is a prograde irregular satellite of Saturn. It was discovered by Brett J. Gladman in 2000, and given the temporary designation **S/2000 S 5**. It was named after Kiviuq, a hero of Inuit mythology.

Kiviuq is about 16 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Saturn at an average distance of 11.1 million kilometres in 450 days. It is a member of the Inuit group of irregular satellites. It is light red, and the Kiviupian (Kiviuqan) infrared spectrum is very similar to the Inuit-group satellites Siarnaq and Paaliaq, supporting the thesis of a possible common origin of the Inuit group in the break-up of a larger body.

Kiviuq is believed to be in Kozai resonance, cyclically reducing its orbital inclination while increasing the eccentricity and vice versa.

## Exploration

On 30 August 2010, the ISS camera of the Cassini–Huygens spacecraft took light-curve data from a distance of 9.3 million km. With these data, the rotation period was measured to 21 hours and 49 minutes.

## In the Timeline

### **Space Travel (1969)**

In Space Travel a ship is tested by travelling to and landing on various planets and moons within the Solar System. Saturn was one such planet that was used in the testing process so it is probable that some of its moons were used as well.

## Notes

* This page was originally taken from Wikipedia. Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiviuq\_(moon)
Cheeseburger Wiki

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## Group 7 Project

We are working on this wiki as a group project for a class at Oswego State University in upstate NY.

## Our Goal

The Goal of our wiki is to build the viewers knowledge on the past, present and future of the web and internet technology. Helping people understand security on the web is also essential.
JavaScript

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* Data Privacy
* Tracking
* Anonymity
* World Wide Web

## Description

JavaScript is one of the three core technologies of the World Wide Web which also includes HTML and CSS. JavaScript is used to make dynamic webpages interactive and provide online programs, including video games. Most website on the internet use some form of JavaScript on their sites, and all modern web browsers support it without the need for plug-ins by means of a built-in JavaScript engine. Each of the many JavaScript engines represent a different implementation of JavaScript, all based on the ECMAScript specification, with some engines not supporting it fully, and with many engines supporting additional features beyond ECMA.

## References

1. Java. (2018, April 15). Retrieved April 15, 2018, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java
2. Severance, C. (2012, February 01). JavaScript: Designing a Language in 10 Days. Retrieved April 14, 2018, from https://www.computer.org/csdl/mags/co/2012/02/mco2012020007-abs.html
Super Mario Bros. 1

Super Mario Bros. 1 is one of the most popular games to speedrun. It was released in the year 1985 for the NES. The WR has switched hands many times. The categories, "Any% All-Stars & Warpless All-Stars" are where you play the Super Mario All-Stars version of the game. However, the original is more popular to speedrun than the all-stars version.

## Cover

### Moderators:

nickj109, roopert83, Bismuth, somewes, andrewg, mav6771, Kosmic, SuperSonic, RoyLT, goofychocobo, scalpel, eddiecatgaming, ImDangerous20, xeroxfiend, jscarbo, GTAce99, Tecate, Validusername16, Niftski, Kriller37, Sawyer0622

### Platforms:

NES, SNES, WiiVC, GBA, 3DSVC, FDS, WiiUVC, NESClassic, Switch, SNESClassic

### Categories:

Any%, Warpless, Minus World Ending, Any% All-Stars, Warpless All-Stars

## Tricks

Pipe Jumps: https://giphy.com/gifs/8vqFcbfrN0V73Jnfci

Wrong Warp: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U5B9rcL98ao
Despina (moon)

## Despina

Despina as seen by Voyager 2 (smeared horizontally)

Despina, also known as Neptune V, is the third-closest inner satellite of Neptune. It is named after Greek mythological character Despoina, a nymph who was a daughter of Poseidon and Demeter.

Despina was discovered in late July 1989 from the images taken by the Voyager 2 probe. It was given the temporary designation S/1989 N 3. The discovery was announced (IAUC 4824) on August 2, 1989, but the text only talks of "10 frames taken over 5 days", giving a discovery date of sometime before July 28. The name was given on 16 September 1991.

Despina is irregularly shaped and shows no sign of any geological modification. It is likely that it is a rubble pile re-accreted from fragments of Neptune's original satellites, which were smashed up by perturbations from Triton soon after that moon's capture into a very eccentric initial orbit.

Despina's orbit lies close to but outside of the orbit of Thalassa and just inside the Le Verrier ring. As it is also below Neptune's synchronous orbit radius, it is slowly spiralling inward due to tidal deceleration and may eventually impact Neptune's atmosphere, or break up into a planetary ring upon passing its Roche limit due to tidal stretching.

The diameter of Despina is approximately 150 kilometres (93 mi).

## In the Timeline

### **Space Travel (1969)**

In Space Travel a ship is tested by travelling to and landing on various planets and moons within the Solar System. Neptune was one such planet used in the testing process so it is probable that some of its moons were used as well.

## Notes

* This page was originally taken from Wikipedia. Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despina\_(moon)
Ryga

**Ryga** (łot. *Rīga*) – stolica i największe miasto Łotwy, reprezentant Krajów bałtyckich. Zwycięzca Turnieju Czterech Skoczni 2018, trzeci zawodnik Letniego Pucharu Europy 2019 oraz Baltic Tour 2019. Drużynowy wicemistrz Europy z Val di Fiemme 2019. Zwycięzca Baltic Tour 2022. Trzecia w klasyfikacji Letniego Pucharu Europy 2022. Indywidualny i drużynowy brązowy medalista Mistrzostw Krajów bałtyckich 2022. Drużynowy brązowy medalista Mistrzostw Europy 2023.

## Mistrzostwa Europy

### Indywidualnie

 2021 |  Zakopane | -
 2023 |  Liberec | -

## Mistrzostwa Europy w lotach

### Indywidualnie

 2020 |  Harrachov | -
 2022 |  Bad Mitterndorf | -

### Miejsca w poszczególnych konkursach indywidualnych Pucharu Europy

Stan na 28 grudnia 2023 po konkursie w  Garmisch-Partenkirchen.

## Przypisy

1. ↑ Skład drużyny: Kraków, Ryga, Tallinn, Warszawa.
2. ↑ Skład drużyny: Warszawa, Windawa, Ryga, Tallinn.
3. ↑ Skład drużyny: Tallinn, Ryga, Wilno, Warszawa.
4. ↑ Skład drużyny: Warszawa, Ryga, Kraków, Tallinn.
5. ↑ ex aqueo z Zagrzebiem.
6. ↑ Skład drużyny: Lipawa, Windawa, Rzeżyca, Ryga.
7. ↑ Skład drużyny: Lipawa, Rzeżyca, Windawa, Ryga.
Data Privacy

## Navigation

* Home
* Semantic Web
* Web Versions
* Tim Berners-Lee
* Search Engine
* Filter Bubbles
* **Data Privacy**
* Tracking
* Anonymity
* World Wide Web

## What is Data Privacy?

The notion of data privacy, as it regards to the web, is about what personal information is accessible over the internet. With the push for a more personalized internet, it is a common practice for many companies to gather information, through the use of tracking. While the idea of an internet that is unique to different users is exciting, the sheer about of information that is needed to achieve this is alarming.

Data privacy is all about how personal information is handled and disseminated across the web. The amount of information a person may be comfortable sharing can be dependent upon the individual. The more information an individual is willing the share, the more it opens them up to potential theft.

## Current Data Privacy Issues

A current hot topic within the media is about invasion of privacy issues and companies that are collecting and potentially selling users data without their knowledge. This can be seen in the data breaches of Facebook and the use of personal information by Cambridge Analytica.

## A Day for Data Privacy

With the growth of the internet more and more data is being made available, so much so that there is now a Data Privacy Day.

## References

1. What Is Data Privacy and Why Is it Important? (2017, August 23). Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://www.lifelock.com/education/what-is-data-privacy-and-why-is-it-important/
2. Information privacy. (2018, April 14). Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information\_privacy
Sponde

Sponde, also known as Jupiter XXXVI, is a natural satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2001, and given the temporary designation S/2001 J 5.

Sponde is about 2 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 24,253 Mm in 771.604 days, at an inclination of 154° to the ecliptic (156° to Jupiter's equator), in a retrograde direction and with an eccentricity of 0.443.

It was named in August 2003 after one of the Horae (Hours), which presided over the seventh hour (libations poured after lunch). The Hours, goddesses of the time of day but also of the seasons, were daughters of Zeus (Jupiter) and Themis.

It belongs to the Pasiphae group, irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at distances ranging between 22.8 and 24.1 Gm, and with inclinations ranging between 144.5° and 158.3°.

## In the Timeline

### **Space Travel (1969)**

In Space Travel a ship is tested by travelling to and landing on various planets and moons within the Solar System. Jupiter was one such planet used in the testing process so it is probable that some of its moons were used as well.
Bianca (moon)

## Bianca

Bianca, moon of Uranus

Bianca is an inner satellite of Uranus. It was discovered from the images taken by Voyager 2 on January 23, 1986, and was given the temporary designation S/1986 U 9. It was named after the sister of Katherine in Shakespeare's play The Taming of the Shrew. It is also designated Uranus VIII.

Bianca belongs to Portia Group of satellites, which also includes Cressida, Desdemona, Juliet, Portia, Rosalind, Cupid, Belinda and Perdita. These satellites have similar orbits and photometric properties. Other than its orbit, radius of 27 km, and geometric albedo of 0.08 virtually nothing is known about it.

At the Voyager 2 images Bianca appears as an elongated object, the major axis pointing towards Uranus. The ratio of axes of the Bianca's prolate spheroid is 0.7 ± 0.2. Its surface is grey in colour.

## In the Timeline

### **Space Travel (1969)**

In Space Travel a ship is tested by travelling to and landing on various planets and moons within the Solar System. Uranus was one such planet used in the testing process so it is probable that some of its moons were used as well.

## Notes

* This page was originally taken from Wikipedia. Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bianca\_(moon)
Prospero (moon)

## Prospero

Discovery image of Prospero

Matthew J. Holman

Jean-Marc Petit

Hans Scholl

Prospero is a relatively small retrograde irregular satellite of Uranus discovered on 18 July 1999 by the astrophysicist Matthew Holman and his team, and given the provisional designation S/1999 U 3. Confirmed as Uranus XVIII it was named after the sorcerer Prospero in William Shakespeare's play The Tempest.

The orbital parameters suggest that it may belong to the same dynamic cluster as Sycorax and Setebos, suggesting common origin. However, this suggestion does not appear to be supported by the observed colours. The satellite appears neutral (grey) in visible light (colour indices B-V=0.80, R-V=0.39), similar to Setebos but different from Sycorax (which is light red).

## In the Timeline

### **Space Travel (1969)**

In Space Travel a ship is tested by travelling to and landing on various planets and moons within the Solar System. Uranus was one such planet used in the testing process so it is probable that some of its moons were used as well.

## Notes

* This page was originally taken from Wikipedia. Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prospero\_(moon)
Trinculo (moon)

## Trinculo

Dan Milisavljevic

Brett J. Gladman

Trinculo is a retrograde irregular satellite of Uranus. It was discovered by a group of astronomers led by Holman, et al. on 13 August 2001, and given the temporary designation S/2001 U 1.

Confirmed as Uranus XXI, it was named after the drunken jester Trinculo in William Shakespeare's play The Tempest.

## In the Timeline

### **Space Travel (1969)**

In Space Travel a ship is tested by travelling to and landing on various planets and moons within the Solar System. Uranus was one such planet used in the testing process so it is probable that some of its moons were used as well.

## Notes

* This page was originally taken from Wikipedia. Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trinculo\_(moon)
Siarnaq

Siarnaq, or Saturn XXIX, is a prograde irregular satellite of Saturn. It was discovered by Brett J. Gladman, et al. in 2000, and given the temporary designation S/2000 S 3. Named after the giant Siarnaq of Inuit mythology, it is the largest member of the Inuit group of irregular satellites.

Siarnaq is thought to be about 40 kilometres in diameter. It orbits Saturn at an average distance of 17.5 Gm in 895 days. The rotation period was measured by the Cassini spacecraft to approximately 10 hours and 9 minutes; this is the shortest rotation period of all prograde irregular moons of Saturn.

It is light red in colour, and the Siarnaupian (Siarnaqan) spectrum in the infrared is very similar to the Inuit-group satellites Paaliaq and Kiviuq, supporting the thesis of a possible common origin in the break-up of a larger body.

Siarnaq has been found to be in a secular resonance with Saturn, involving the precession of its periapsis and that of the planet. The studies of these resonances are key to understand the capture mechanism for the irregular satellites and, assuming a common origin of a given dynamical group in the break-up of a single body, to explain today’s dispersion of the orbital elements.

## In the Timeline

### **Space Travel (1969)**

In Space Travel a ship is tested by travelling to and landing on various planets and moons within the Solar System. Saturn was one such planet that was used in the testing process so it is probable that some of its moons were used as well.

## Notes

* This page was originally taken from Wikipedia. Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siarnaq
Jupiter LX

Jupiter LX, originally known as **S/2003 J 3**, is a natural satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2003.

Jupiter LX is about 2 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 19,622 Mm in 561.518 days, at an inclination of 146° to the ecliptic (146° to Jupiter's equator), in a retrograde direction and with an eccentricity of 0.2507.

It belongs to the Ananke group, retrograde irregular moons that orbit Jupiter between 19.3 and 22.7 Gm, at inclinations of roughly 150°.

The moon was lost following its discovery in 2003. It was recovered in 2017 and given its permanent designation that year.

## In the Timeline

### **Space Travel (1969)**

In Space Travel, a ship is tested by travelling to and landing on various planets and moons in the Solar System. Jupiter was one such planet used in the testing process so it is probable that some of its moons were as well.

## Notes

* This page was originally taken from Wikipedia. Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupiter\_LX
Web Versions

## Navigation

* Home
* Semantic Web
* **Web Versions**
* Tim Berners-Lee
* Search Engine
* Filter Bubbles
* Data Privacy
* Tracking
* Anonymity
* World Wide Web

 What are the different versions of the Web?

The different versions of the web are different stages the World Wide Web has or will become in its existence. These different stages identify key factors of the webs evolution over time and how the browsing experiences differs from stage to stage.

## Web 1.0

The first stage of the World Wide Web is called Web 1.0. For the most part Web 1.0 is the earliest stage of the World Wide Web when web pages were just connected using hyperlinks. These sites were static and were not intractable at the time. There is no clear time when Web 1.0 ended and Web 2.0 began, but as web pages became for interactive and shifted toward social media platforms this is when Web 2.0 began. This was due to improvements to the internet such as broadband internet, better browsers, AJAX and the mass development of widgets.

## Web 2.0

The second stage is Web 2.0, which focuses on user-generated content, usability, and interoperability. In short this means the beginning of sites such as Facebook, blogs, wikis, etc., where individuals contribute to the content of the web page. Web 2.0 is easier for users to use to where most individuals can use the internet even if they aren't an expert. Also websites can work well with other products, systems, and devices.

## Web 3.0

Web 3.0 is the next step in the evolution of the World Wide Web. A component of this next stage is the Semantic Web. In general, this means that searching the web will be easier and more akin to the user. Search engines will be smarter using an artificial intelligence which will be able to understand the context rather than comparing keywords. The way we interact with web pages may change drastically. Time will tell what technological advances will be invented and how it changes they way we use the World Wide Web.

## References

1. Web 1.0 vs Web 2.0 vs Web 3.0 vs Web 4.0 vs Web 5.0 – A bird's eye on the evolution and definition. (2014, November 29). Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://flatworldbusiness.wordpress.com/flat-education/previously/web-1-0-vs-web-2-0-vs-web-3-0-a-bird-eye-on-the-definition/
2. Web 2.0. (2018, April 13). Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web\_2.0
3. What is Web 1.0? - Definition from Techopedia. (n.d.). Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://www.techopedia.com/definition/27960/web-10
4. Nations, D. (n.d.). What in the World Is "Web 3.0" and Is It Even Here Yet? Retrieved April 16, 2018, from https://www.lifewire.com/what-is-web-3-0-3486623
Ijiraq (moon)

## Ijiraq

Animated discovery image of Ijiraq

Ijiraq, or Saturn XXII (22), is a small prograde irregular satellite of Saturn. It was discovered by the team of Brett Gladman, John J. Kavelaars, et al. in 2000, and given the temporary designation S/2000 S 6. It was named in 2003 after the ijiraq, a creature in Inuit mythology.

## Orbit

Ijiraq orbits Saturn at an average distance of 11.1 Gm in 451 days on an orbit very similar to Kiviuq's. Ijiraq is believed to be in Kozai resonance: its orbit is cyclically reducing the inclination while increasing the eccentricity and vice versa. The orbital argument of pericenter oscillates around 90° with an amplitude of 60°.

## Physical Characteristics

While Ijiraq is a member of the Inuit group of irregular satellites, recent observations revealed that it is distinctively redder than Paaliaq, Siarnaq and Kiviuq. Its spectral slope (a measure of body reflectance in function of the wavelength) is twice as steep as that of other Inuit-group satellites (20% per 100 nm), typical for red trans-Neptunian objects like Sedna but unknown for irregular satellites. In addition, the Ijiraupian (Ijiraqan) spectrum lacks the weak absorption near 0.7 μm, attributed to a possible water hydration, found in the other three.

## Name

Ijiraq was named in 2003 after the ijiraq, a creature of Inuit mythology.

Kavelaars, an astronomer at McMaster University, suggested this name to help astronomical nomenclature to get out of its Greco-Romano-Renaissance rut. He spent several months trying to find names that were both multi-cultural and Canadian, consulting Amerindian scholars without finding a name that seemed appropriate. In March 2001, he was reading an Inuit tale to his children and had a revelation. The ijiraq plays at hide-and-seek, which is what these small moons of Saturn do: they are hard to find, and cold like the Canadian arctic (the team of discoverers includes Canadians, Norwegians and Icelanders—nordicity is their common trait). Kavelaars contacted the author of the tale, Michael Kusugak, to get his assent, and the latter also suggested the names for Kiviuq and 90377 Sedna.

## In the Timeline

### **Space Travel (1969)**

In Space Travel a ship is tested by travelling to and landing on various planets and moons within the Solar System. Saturn was one such planet that was used in the testing process so it is probable that some of its moons were used as well.

## Notes

* This page was originally taken from Wikipedia. Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijiraq\_(moon)
Narvi (moon)

Narvi, or Saturn XXXI (31), is a natural satellite of Saturn. It was discovered by a team of astronomers led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2003, and given the temporary designation S/2003 S 1.

## Description

Narvi is about 7 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Saturn at an average distance of 19,371,000 km in 1006.541 days, at an inclination of 137° to the ecliptic (109° to Saturn's equator), in a retrograde direction and with an eccentricity of 0.320.

## Naming

It was named in January 2005 after Narfi, a giant in Norse mythology. The name was approved by the IAU Working Group on Planetary System Nomenclature on 21 January 2005.

## In the Timeline

### **Space Travel (1969)**

In Space Travel a ship is tested by travelling to and landing on various planets and moons within the Solar System. Saturn was one such planet used in the testing process so it is probable that some of its moons were used as well.

## Notes

* This page was originally taken from Wikipedia. Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narvi\_(moon)