Anfal genocide

* "From Halabja to Ghouta" by Sabrîna Azad https://www.mangalmedia.net/english/from-halabja-to-ghouta [EN]

### **Related Pages**

* The Assads are anti-communists
* Saddam was anti-communist
* Syrian genocides

### **News Articles**

* "Chemical attacks on Iran: When the US looked the other way" by Ted Regencia https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/4/19/chemical-attacks-on-iran-when-the-us-looked-the-other-way [EN] (Qatari state-owned media with anti-Saudi geopolitics)
* "Chemical attacks: How the nightmare of 1988 still haunts an Iraqi town" by Thea Pedersen https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/chemical-attacks-how-nightmare-1988-still-haunts-iraqi-town [EN]
* "HDP calls for parliamentary recognition of Halabja Massacre as Kurdish Genocide" http://www.agos.com.tr/en/article/10905/hdp-calls-for-parliamentary-recognition-of-halabja-massacre-as-kurdish-genocide [EN]
* "Iran's Chemical Ali survivors still bear scars" by Alistair Lyon https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-iraq-chemical/irans-chemical-ali-survivors-still-bear-scars-idUSBLA84491620080709 [EN]
* "Survivors of the Anfal Kurdish genocide long for closure" by Dana Taib Menmy https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2021/4/14/hold-survivors-of-the-anfal-kurdish-genocide-long-for-closure [EN]
* "Syria gas attack evokes flashbacks of death for survivors of Halabja massacre" by Fazel Hawramy https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/apr/09/syria-gas-attack-halabja-massacre-iraq [EN]
* "An ally of Syria, Iran also bears scars from chemical weapons attacks — by Iraq" by Jason Rezaian https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle\_east/an-ally-of-syria-iran-also-bears-scars-from-chemical-weapons-attacks--by-iraq/2013/09/12/2d2eaa6e-1b8b-11e3-80ac-96205cacb45a\_story.html [EN] (archived: https://archive.ph/EYlFG)
* "شهادات متأخرة: هجوم غوطة دمشق يوقظ جراح أهالي حلبجة" https://www.alsumaria.tv/news/83743/live-testimonies-al-ghouta-chemical-attack-awakens/ [AR]

### **Magazine Articles**

* "Iran Still Haunted and Influenced By Chemical Weapons Attacks" by Robin Wright https://world.time.com/2014/01/20/iran-still-haunted-and-influenced-by-chemical-weapons-attacks/ [EN]

### **Encyclopedia**

* "Anfal campaign" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anfal\_campaign [EN]
* "Iran–Iraq War" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Iraq\_War [EN]
* "Iraqi chemical attacks against Iran"' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraqi\_chemical\_attacks\_against\_Iran [EN]
* "Halabja chrmical attack" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halabja\_chemical\_attack [EN]
* "Chemical bombing of Sardasht" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical\_bombing\_of\_Sardasht [EN]

### **Books**

* "Saddam Hussein: The Politics of Revenge" by Said K. Aburish https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=08F8AC7089B0EF244B1D97F81E16223C [PDF, 5MB, EN]
* "Saddam Hussein: A Political Biography" by Efraim Karsh and Inari Rautsi https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=DE479C6706EEC57FF221BD101EC36216 [EPUB, 595kb, EN]; https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=396114B6E05F14E211CC86F96E9998C3 [PDF, 18MB, EN]

### **Websites**

* "Habalja Victims Society" https://www.halabjavictimssociety.org/ [EN]
* "The Story of Anfal - Kurdistan Memory Programme" https://kurdistanmemoryprogramme.com/story-of-anfal/ [EN]

### **Archived**

* https://archive.ph/xevIQ [EN] - victims of the 1987 chemical attacks on Sardasht, Iran show solidarity with victims of Khan Sheikhoun
* https://archive.ph/g7Cdm [EN] - Iranian foreign minister Javad Zarifcondemns Assad's chemical attacks