source string | id string | question string | options list | answer string | reasoning string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2601 | proteins, digestive-system
Title: Why do humans cook animal meat Why do humans "need" to cook animal meat?
It seems there's an aspect of safety to it: are other animals (eg, house cats, dogs) not vulnerable to the same diseases we get from modern food processing of meats?
But it also seems there's something else to it... | [
"corn",
"spinach",
"water",
"eggs"
] | A | the breaking down of food into simple substances occurs in the digestive system |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2602 | Suppose A and B are statements of interest. Suppose we want to say in a short sentence that “whenever A is true, B is true, and that when A is false, we do not claim anything about the truth of B”. We use the word “implies” and state for short that “A is true implies B is true”, and mean the truth relations in the trut... | [
"a lizard has warm blood",
"a python has warm blood",
"a robin has warm blood",
"a rock has warm blood"
] | C | a bird is warm-blooded |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2603 | atomic-physics, geophysics, explosions
I think the most interesting diagrams are the ones labeled (e) and (f) - where the explosion happens at great depth. In that case, you get a "tight packing" of the soil above in a way that I think is similar to the mechanism that causes sugar to "settle" if you first fill a bowl ... | [
"deer shiver",
"snakes rattle",
"birds quiver",
"bunkers shake"
] | D | earthquakes cause rock layers to fold on top of each other |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2604 | zoology, ornithology, ethology, behaviour
Title: Crow branch pecking behaviour I was walking through a small park when two crows started cawing at me, and followed me, flying from tree-to-tree as I walked. I speculate that this is a territorial or protective behaviour, but what I found different was the crows were vio... | [
"live longer",
"flourish",
"thrive",
"acquire characteristics"
] | D | an organism 's environment affects that organism 's acquired characteristics |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2605 | [13]:
nutrients = pd.DataFrame(
index=[
"Vitamin A",
"Vitamin B1",
"Vitamin C",
"Calcium",
"Iron",
"Phosphorus",
"Potassium",
"Total fat",
"Carbohydrates",
"Proteins",
]
)
nutrients["DRI"] = [800, 1.1, 80, 800, 14, 700, 2000, 70, 260, 50]
nutrients["Chicken Breast"] = [0, 0.1, 0, 4, 0.40, 210, 370, 0.8, 0, 23.3]
nutri... | [
"dog",
"yogurt",
"cat",
"water"
] | B | dairy is a source of Vitamin D |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2606 | botany, reproduction
Title: Are the seeds in a single capsicum fruit genetically identical? Hopefully not a too-basic question for the venue. I'm a chile pepper growing hobbyist and have spent some time searching around and reading up on pepper (angiosperm) reproduction, but I'm not getting a clear picture of the deta... | [
"a metal lantern",
"a glass lantern",
"a jackolantern",
"a paper lantern"
] | C | seeds may sprout when buried in soil |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2607 | biochemistry, plant-physiology, plant-anatomy
Title: Why do plants store energy as carbohydrates and not as fats? In my introductory biology class, we are learning about biomolecules. The textbook says fats are a more efficient energy store than carbohydrates.
So my question is - why would plants store their energy as... | [
"sand",
"water",
"sunlight",
"carbon dioxide"
] | A | photosynthesis makes food for the plant by converting carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into carbohydrates |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2608 | One can easily pot data as a scattered manner on a graph. It basically depends on the data given to us as to how can it be plotted. For prediction of values in a scattered kind of data we make use of a straight line representing an equation which is not actually displayed on the graph. This straight line is known as li... | [
"the quantity of carp in a pond",
"the thoughts in a person's mind",
"the amount of nothingness in the universe",
"the number of gods in the universe"
] | A | a line graph is used for showing change over time |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2609 | energy, visible-light, photons, sun, interactions
Title: What are the physical processes involved in feeling warm from the sunlight? Suppose a human is lying on a beach. He/she starts to feel warm after exposing his/her skin to the sunlight. I assume that feeling is due to the ability of the human body of "measuring" ... | [
"sit near a fan",
"sit in an igloo",
"sit under an umbrella",
"ride in a truck bed"
] | D | sunlight produces heat |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2610 | species-identification
Title: What is this (water-loving) bug? For some time we've been finding these little fellows in our apartment:
They seem harmless enough, but finding them is a bit... annoying. I found the fellow above in the bathtub, and it's not uncommon to find more than one.
Unfortunately, some started to ... | [
"to attract a mate",
"to swim in deep waters",
"to ward off predators",
"to color the water"
] | C | some hares live in fields |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2611 | combustion
Title: Why is O2 the supporter of combustion? It's there in every high-school textbook: $\ce{O2}$ is the supporter of combustion. Without $\ce{O2}$ combustion cannot take place. Why? And why only $\ce{O2}$? Why not some other element?
And, what happens when a combustible gas burns in air? Say $\ce{H2}$? Ox... | [
"fire extinguishers",
"water",
"smothering",
"candle wax"
] | D | lighting a candle causes that candle to burn |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2612 | hydrology, rivers, dams
Title: Do dams reduce the flow of river downstream? There is a conflict between Egypt and Ethiopia, because the latter wants to build a dam on the Nile river. Citing this article:
[Egypt] fears the Nile dam will reduce its share of the river and leave the
country with dwindling options as it... | [
"drought",
"huge rain storm",
"breakup.",
"party"
] | B | clouds produce rain |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2613 | orbit
Title: Traveling constantly towards West. That is clockwise If I travel against against the Earth's rotation. Say once around the world. I will always see sunrise and never a sunset
Is that accurate? If you travel west so quickly that you go around the world in one day (24 hours) then the sun will remain almost ... | [
"using magic",
"having a picnic",
"time traveling",
"driving flying cars"
] | B | the sun is the source of energy for physical cycles on Earth |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2614 | thermodynamics, visible-light, perpetual-motion
Needless to say, perpetual motion of an untouched body is useless in terms of extraction of mechanical energy.
The following is multiple choice question (with options) to answer.
What is something that would be unable transfer energy? | [
"a tire",
"copper",
"metal",
"iron"
] | A | wood is an electrical energy insulator |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2615 | weather
Title: Determining cloud cover from observer to near the horizon Does there exist a Clear Sky Chart with the following enhancements?:
1 - Actual Cloud Cover (Offered Visually and not just Colors with a Legend, Over Time/Past & Predictive)
2 - Simulate/Predict Cloud Cover taking into account the direction from ... | [
"rain",
"zero clouds",
"snow",
"big clouds"
] | B | clear weather means sunny weather |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2616 | zoology, pathology, herpetology
Title: How do pet gecko lizards pose a health risk? Does having gecko lizards living in your house pose any health risk? If you're referring to keeping geckos as pets, like all reptiles, amphibians and birds, they come with a small but finite risk of contracting salmonellosis. Having sa... | [
"it is a mammal",
"it is under pressure",
"it is offering egg gifts",
"it is incapable of live birth"
] | D | live birth means developing inside the mother instead of an egg |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2617 | oceanography, geochemistry
Title: Why is NaCl so hyper abundant in the ocean? Why is sodium chloride far and away the most abundant salt dissolved in ocean water? Its two constituent ions do have a very high frequency in the crust of the earth, but they are far from the most common. Chlorine is (according to Wikipedia... | [
"people",
"salty biscuits",
"fires",
"saline liquids"
] | D | the ocean contains large amounts of salt water |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2618 | star, galaxy
If you're on a farm, away from cities, in a place with reasonably low light pollution, and your eyes are good, and you've been sitting in perfect pitch black darkness for at least 30 minutes prior - when you look up you can reasonably expect to see a few thousand objects, mostly stars. Keep looking, and a... | [
"dirtying it",
"air horns",
"candy",
"tables"
] | A | as light pollution increases , seeing the stars will be harder |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2619 | electromagnetism, electrostatics, electricity, electric-circuits
Further, to speed up the ionization of the gap, I would make the trigger spark as big as practical, i.e. the secondary gap has to be sufficiently wide (to increase the ionized volume) and the trigger pulse has to have sufficient voltage and duration to b... | [
"a wool sweater",
"a t shirt",
"a rubber eraser",
"a soda can"
] | D | electrical conduction is when metals conduct electricity through metal |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2620 | newtonian-mechanics, classical-mechanics, rotational-dynamics, friction, centripetal-force
Title: Does a vehicle turning on a banked road need to turn its wheels? A vehicle drives in a circle on a track at constant speed at with radius of curvature $\rho$. The vehicle's acceleration is $$a = \upsilon' T + \kappa (\ups... | [
"vapor of ghosts",
"an oxidizer",
"Pistons Basketball Team",
"orange juice mixture"
] | B | a car engine usually converts gasoline into motion and heat through combustion |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2621 | weather
Yamana and Hayashi (2006) (3) explain that the SLCS are a result of regional atmospheric thermal instability, where the convective available potential energy (CAPE) is high (greater than 2000 Jkg$^{-1}$) and the shear is moderate (greater than 10 ms$^{-1}$, and that the phenomena also coincides with severe loc... | [
"meltdowns",
"convection",
"earthquakes",
"power failures"
] | B | uneven heating causes convection |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2622 | audio, modulation, frequency-modulation, fsk
well, "best" is always a reduction to a single set of optimization parameters (e.g. cost per bit, durability, ...) and isn't ever "universally true".
I can see, for example, that "large" is already a relative term, and for a small office, the optimum solution for backing up... | [
"a really sleety day",
"a really hot day",
"a really clear day",
"a really cloudy day"
] | A | sleet is made of ice |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2623 | WAIT!
S=11!
Because we have 11! ways of arranging the 11 items.
Sorry about that.
5. Hello, sweeetcaroline!
Edit: Plato is absolutely right . . . *blush*
6 red beads, 4 white beads, and 1 blue bead are placed in a line in random order.
What is the probability that no two neighboring beads are the same color?
There... | [
"make more money",
"have stalled income",
"increase profits",
"have more income"
] | B | as the sale of a product decreases , the amount of money made by the person selling that product will decrease |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2624 | newtonian-mechanics, rotational-dynamics, rigid-body-dynamics, gyroscopes, precession
Given that the two gyroscopes are on a rigid rod the tendency to rise will transfer to the center. So yeah: a scale will show a lower weight.
Of course, this does not provide a way to get lift for free: in order to push you need leve... | [
"measure weight",
"hold flowers",
"hear through doors",
"measure volume"
] | D | a graduated cylinder is used to measure volume of an object |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2625 | newtonian-mechanics, history
in 1670 Edme Mariotte had announced his intention to compose a major work on the impact of bodies. Completed and read to the Academy in 1671, it was published in 1673 as Traité de la percussion ou choc des corps. The first comprehensive treatment of the laws of inelastic and elastic impact... | [
"last stand",
"hypothesis",
"hats",
"apple pie"
] | B | hypothesis means scientific guess about the cause and effect of an event |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2626 | rocks, remote-sensing, archaeology, ground-truth
Together, #1, #2, and #3 tell us that it's probably early summer just after the river ice has broken up.
The tooth-like features in the left image are simply erosional remnants sticking out of the riverbank. They could be bedrock (not likely), ice wedges, unmelted perm... | [
"glaciers",
"mountains",
"rainstorms",
"years"
] | D | the Grand Canyon was formed by the Colorado River flowing over long periods of time |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2627 | agriculture
The primary cereals for making bread are wheat and rye, while barley and oats may be mixed in. Historically significant portions of the rural population of Europe were sustained by cereal-based food in the form of gruel and porridge rather than by bread, especially prior to the introduction of the potato. ... | [
"butter",
"top soil",
"water",
"corn"
] | D | as the use of a crop increases , the amount of crops planted will increase |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2628 | ecology, population-dynamics, ecosystem, antipredator-adaptation, predation
I would also like to talk about other things that might be of interest in your model (two of them need you to allow evolutionary processes in your model):
1) lineage selection: predators that eat too much end up disappearing because they cause... | [
"decomposer",
"consumer",
"producer",
"trader"
] | C | In the food chain process a green plant has the role of producer |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2629 | zoology, psychology
Title: Fear in elephants It has been noted that elephants trained for war, as was done occasionally in earlier times, have still shown a tendency to panic in battle much more often when compared to a war horse trained for the same purpose. However, is this due to an innate quality of elephant beha... | [
"it's afraid another horse will win a competition",
"a cold front is moving in",
"it gets a movie role",
"the sun comes out"
] | B | cool temperatures cause animals to shiver |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2630 | meteorology, climate-change, gas, pollution
Title: Regarding various types of atmospheric pollution Does all the car pollution (from about 150 million cars at least in the U.S. and a lot more in all of North America and the rest of the world) all the smoke-stack pollution of various factories and all the Airline pollu... | [
"raises temps",
"dries up",
"melts away",
"cools earth"
] | A | as the amount of polluting gasses in the atmoshere increases , the atmospheric temperature will increase |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2631 | A. 1
B. 2
C. 4
D. 5
E. 6
After 17 trips, the worker has carried 17 x 4 = 68 jugs.
From those 68 jugs, 68/7 = 9 cartons have been filled, with 5 extra jugs remaining. So, the worker needs one more trip to carry 2 more jugs to fill the partially filled carton with those 2 jugs.
_________________
# Scott Woodbury-Stew... | [
"winter boots",
"thermal underwear",
"tan shorts",
"snowsuits"
] | C | a desert environment is usually hot in temperature |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2632 | c++, game, c++17, qt
void setCountOfNeighbourMines(int count);
[[nodiscard]] int countOfNeighbourMines() const;
[[nodiscard]] bool hasMine() const;
[[nodiscard]] bool hasQuestionmark() const;
[[nodiscard]] bool isCovered() const;
[[nodiscard]] bool isFLagged() const;
[[nodiscard]] bool isPress... | [
"a circuit was closed",
"a circuit was destroyed",
"the electricity cut out",
"lightning struck the house"
] | A | pushing a button sometimes completes a circuit |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2633 | waves, electromagnetic-radiation, acoustics, interference, noise
It's two different things that are kind of analogous. I can't say it's impossible but it looks difficult.
The following is multiple choice question (with options) to answer.
Magnets in ear pieces convert sound waves into | [
"ear aches",
"radio stations",
"Brain cancer",
"direct current"
] | D | telephones convert sound energy into electrical energy |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2634 | zoology, digestive-system, pets
Title: Is it safe to feed an adult fire salamander with slime maggots? As a reminder, maggots feed of a flesh, while fire salamander consumes his prey alive, without killing it.
Can it happen that the maggot will start eating the salamander from the inside? Although I am afraid I don't ... | [
"extinct",
"bipedal",
"cold blooded",
"warm blooded"
] | C | an amphibian is cold-blooded |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2635 | rust
We can now remove Clone, but need to accept an owned ParamType rather than a reference (as in your new code) since we need an owned value to insert into the cache.
The following is multiple choice question (with options) to answer.
Which of the following is the most replaceable? | [
"the energy captured by a windmill",
"the oil from the earth",
"the iron from the earth",
"the energy provided by natural hydrogen"
] | A | a renewable resource can be replaced |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2636 | everyday-life
Title: Strange pattern on car windows
A couple of days ago I was in a friend's car, and I noticed this pattern on the windows; I took a picture of the sun through the window to make it clearly visible.
The night before had been quite cold, but I don't think that the temperature went below $0$ °C, even ... | [
"how loud a baby is",
"how wet an area got",
"how sad a puppy is",
"how bad a skunk smells"
] | B | as the amount of rainfall increases in an area , the amount of available water in that area will increase |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2637 | classical-mechanics, energy, electricity
Title: Can we imagine having a computer keyboard that recharges itself through mechanical utilization? Silly question here.
I have a debate with my father, and while I am decent at high school level physics, both he and I cannot determinate through calculus which of us is wrong... | [
"The Sun",
"Grass",
"A Dyson",
"A lake"
] | C | electric devices require electrical energy to function |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2638 | optics, microscopy, fluorescence
$$\rho = \frac{2\,\sqrt{2}\,\lambda}{\pi\,\eta}\approx \frac{0.9\,\lambda}{\eta}\tag{6}$$
The following is multiple choice question (with options) to answer.
A microscope creates clarity by | [
"levitation",
"acceleration",
"decomposition",
"augmentation"
] | D | magnifying makes seeing small things easier through using a microscope |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2639 | There is a concept of $$C\setminus B = \{x\in C$$ but where $$x \not \in B\}$$. As we know that $$x\not \in B$$ that if $$x\in C$$ then we must have $$x\in C\setminus B$$. But $$C\setminus B$$ certainly doesn't have to be empty!
So that doesn't follow at all!
But now we have proven both $$x ∈ C$$ and $$x \not \in C$$... | [
"switching from a truck to a moped will save gas",
"switching from a moped to a truck will save gas",
"switching from a car to an SUV will save gas",
"switching from a car to a truck will save gas"
] | A | as mileage per galon of gasoline increases , the amount of gasoline used will decrease |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2640 | atmospheric-chemistry
But some researchers have argued it does make a notable contribution in the lower atmosphere, but indirectly. There doesn't appear to be a consensus on how big this effect is (and the Wikipedia reference is old and obsolete). The argument for ozone being a notable contributor is based on the foll... | [
"bricks",
"bovine farts",
"rocks",
"oxygen"
] | B | pollution is when humans pollute the environment with pollutants |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2641 | = ",Count[Drop[branches,gen],_Real,\[Infinity]]/4" "" ""Length = ",SetAccuracy[Count[Drop[branches,gen],_Real,\[Infinity]]/4*(Norm[{{pt1[[1]],0.5},{0,0}}]^gen),3]}],18],Gray],{2.3,-1.8}]},{Inset[Style[Text@TraditionalForm@Style[Row[{"Polynomial Trees by Bernat Espigulé"}],18],Gray, Opacity[0.4]],{2.3,-2}]}},P... | [
"rocks",
"hack berries",
"thin air",
"water lilies"
] | B | a berry contains seeds |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2642 | ecology, measurement, visualization, species-distribution
Sorry for the long-winded explanation. Any thoughts? The problem of how to infer species distributions from scattered species occurrences is common in ecology, and there exists a number of methods to construct distribution maps. As a start, you should have a lo... | [
"bird eggs",
"human eggs",
"fish eggs",
"crocodile eggs"
] | B | if an animal hatches from an egg then that animal is born |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2643 | thermodynamics, energy, temperature
The higher the temperature of the room, the quicker it cools too, so typically, I would think leaving the oven closed would be beneficial in the long term. You're keeping the heat around for longer.
One (potentially) good thing about opening the oven door is that it directs more of... | [
"some shoes",
"death",
"some shelter",
"some candy"
] | C | shelter is used for protection by animals against weather |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2644 | evolution, biochemistry, mitochondria
Title: Is there any advantage of having mitochondria for aerobic respiration? If we consider the pathway of breakdown of glucose which includes glycolysis, the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain, all these processes takes place in some prokaryotes and eukaryotes. ... | [
"ridiculous",
"respiration",
"breathing",
"retirement"
] | B | cellular respiration is when a cell converts from oxygen and carbohydrates into carbon dioxide, water, and energy |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2645 | solar-system, coordinate, stellar-astrophysics
Can you see either in the sky now. Do they look the same? If yes you are in the same hemisphere you normally live in. If they look strange - upside down. You are in the hemisphere opposite to where you normally live.
You've just spent the rest of the night looking at the ... | [
"that is a new phenomenon",
"that is expected due to the axis",
"that is very scary",
"that is rare and unusual"
] | B | the Earth revolving around the sun causes stars to appear in different areas in the sky at different times of year |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2646 | fusion, renewable-energy
An energy "breakthrough" would be a loaded development. We already use lots of energy, and if we found it economic to use more we probably would. The last breakthrough shift in our ability to exploit energy resources rocketed the entire planet into a new geological era, the Anthropocene. We... | [
"gasoline",
"coal",
"plastics",
"light from stars"
] | D | alternative fuel is usually a renewable resource |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2647 | # Conditional Probability of rainfall
1. Apr 26, 2012
### TranscendArcu
1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known data
3. The attempt at a solution
a) P(Pickwick has no umbrella | it rains) = $\frac{\frac{1}{3}\frac{1}{3}}{\frac{1}{2}} = \frac{2}{9}$, which is the answer according to my answer key.
b... | [
"altercation",
"precipitation",
"condensation",
"evaporation"
] | B | evaporation causes amount of water to decrease |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2648 | mass, velocity, weight
Wind stroke and area of existing large flying birds (and Haast Eagles) are approximately optimum for the load.
Modern materials will allow flying-related swept area per mass to be as good as or better than nature has achieved in these large birds.
This violates the usual cube-squared law that ... | [
"eating a goldfish cracker",
"building a small house",
"circling way up there",
"leaving home at night"
] | C | as the weight of an animal decreases , that animal will fly more easily |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2649 | star, planet, telescope, light, space
Title: How do I know what I'll be able to see? So I live in a suburb in Victoria, Australia. Less than an hour away from the city and I guess there is a bit of light pollution because from my backyard I can probably only see about 15 - 20 stars (probably less), I'm wondering what ... | [
"a freshly printed magazine",
"a dirty old sneaker",
"a paper towel tube",
"a lengthened glass tube"
] | D | a telescope is used for observing stars |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2650 | energy-efficiency, thermal-insulation
greater if the window is bigger
less as temperature difference get smaller
Radiative heat transfer
The main factor that is of consideration here is the solar radiation. There are three types of radiation:
Direct radiation: the direct rays of the sun. (this is zero on a cloudy d... | [
"a daffodil with curled leaves",
"small plant with tiny leaves",
"a plant with wide, smooth leaves",
"a daisy with thin, short leaves"
] | C | sunlight contains ultraviolet light |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2651 | The first one gives the minimum volume, so you don't want that. Take the second.
-
Thank you Jerry. :) Cheers! You get the right answer, because you actually gave me two value and described them really nice! I could follow the process very easily! – user31113 Apr 7 '13 at 11:46
You're welcome! – Jerry Apr 7 '13 at 11:... | [
"ice",
"play doh",
"food",
"car exhaust"
] | D | Matter in the gas phase has variable volume |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2652 | thermodynamics, electricity, temperature
I'm not defending either model but merely showing how different dependencies can arise from various assumptions and idealizations.
More generally, we could write the heat equation as
$$k\frac{\partial^2 T}{\partial x^2}+\frac{I^2\rho}{(\pi r^2)^2}-\frac{2[h(T-T_\infty)+\sigma\e... | [
"a penny",
"grass",
"a wood block",
"cotton"
] | A | a thermal conductor is made of materials that conduct thermal energy |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2653 | ecology
Title: Statement about Tropical Rainforests I made a statement about tropical rainforests, and I want to know if it's somewhat true or not:
The soil in tropical rainforests is not exceptionally fertile, because it contains few minerals. The reason that a tropical rainforest has a huge amount of vegetation is b... | [
"a jungle",
"the arctic",
"a forest",
"a rain forest"
] | B | cold environments contain few organisms |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2654 | everyday-chemistry, cleaning, minerals
Once you've got the crystal to the cleanliness you're happy with, you can polish it with powdered polish and a cloth, given time.
If instead of nice, angular crystals you're just trying to produce something like a smooth, rounded stone, after cleaning with water you can use a ser... | [
"where thunder was heard",
"where water has flowed for years",
"where wind has blown for days",
"where the human population is the highest"
] | B | contact between rocks over long periods of time causes rocks to smooth |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2655 | experimental-physics, speed-of-light, neutrinos, faster-than-light
Title: Light vs neutrino speed comparison in a real tunnel Given current accuracy of the techniques, is it possible to identify a real, existing tunnel (stright I think) to make the direct comparison of the speed of light and of neutrinos?
The hypoteti... | [
"there is water in use",
"Thomas Edison's work is in use",
"there is sunlight in use",
"there is petrol in use"
] | B | a light bulb requires electrical energy to produce light |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2656 | energy, visible-light, photons, sun, interactions
Title: What are the physical processes involved in feeling warm from the sunlight? Suppose a human is lying on a beach. He/she starts to feel warm after exposing his/her skin to the sunlight. I assume that feeling is due to the ability of the human body of "measuring" ... | [
"a piece of gum",
"a slurpy at the cafeteria",
"an ice cream cone",
"a large metamorphic rock"
] | D | extreme heat and pressure metamorphose rock into metamorphic rock |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2657 | condensed-matter, pressure, temperature
$$\alpha = \frac{1}{V}\left(\frac{\partial V}{\partial T}\right)_P $$
Therefore the result is:
$$\left(\frac{\partial T}{\partial P}\right)_S = \frac{T V\alpha}{C_P}$$
In terms of the specific heat capacity (per unit mass) $c_P$ this is:
$$\left(\frac{\partial T}{\partial P}\rig... | [
"will freeze your digits",
"will lead to scalded fingers",
"will heal any sores or wounds",
"will lead to frostbite"
] | B | if liquid is boiling then that liquid is hot |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2658 | life, replication
Title: What is the name of the smallest self-replicating thing? Some time last year, I found an article on Wikipedia about the smallest something to be able to reproduce.
I don't remember exactly what it was, but I am fairly certain that after the initial discovery another of the previous organism (... | [
"reptile",
"dog",
"plant",
"invisible"
] | A | as temperature in the environment increases , the body temperature of a reptile in that environment will increase |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2659 | climate-change, glaciology, ice-sheets
Title: Can ice caps reform if they disappear? Excuse my ignorance. I'm under the impression that there are various types of ice at the poles, but I don't know the difference or the significance of each type, so, in terms of whatever is actually melting in these areas as a result ... | [
"desolate",
"A magical place",
"A city",
"A watermelon"
] | A | the arctic environment is white in color from being covered in snow |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2660 | newtonian-mechanics, conservation-laws
So generally the plate will move : it could translate and also rotate. Constraining forces (and torques) would be needed to keep it in place. If it is released it will move.
The following is multiple choice question (with options) to answer.
If a thing is going to consume someth... | [
"nursing",
"birthing",
"perusing",
"grazing"
] | C | An example of hunting is an otter cracking open clams with a rock |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2661 | plant-physiology
Title: Would a plant survive if it was watered using hard-water? Hard water is water with high mineral/salt content. I'm told that a potted plant watered with a salt solution dries out sooner or later. Is this true?
If so, would a plant survive if watered using hard-water? It would depend on the con... | [
"glass",
"dampness",
"cat food",
"poison"
] | B | a plant requires water to grow |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2662 | remote-sensing, forest
Title: How is tree age estimated? I am trying to study about forest biomass and carbon amount of forest.
First of all, I studied some papers, they mentioned that age of forest is related to the biomass. So, How do we measure the age of tree? What are the practical ways used to estimate tree age?... | [
"by counting its branches",
"by counting its round inner markings",
"by counting its leaves",
"by counting its roots"
] | B | a tree growing a tree-growth ring occurs once per year |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2663 | zoology
From Scripture's research: “. . . a live frog can actually be boiled without a
movement if the water is heated slowly enough; in one experiment, the
temperature was raised at the rate of 0.002 degrees Celsius per
second, and the frog was found dead at the end of 2.5 hours without
having moved."
Accord... | [
"The frog was getting burned by a heat lamp",
"The water in the tank had dried up.",
"the frog was unable to regulate its body temperature without an external heat source",
"The frog was using too much ice in its drinks"
] | C | if an organism becomes too hot then that organism may die |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2664 | # Thread: physics tourist & bear problem
1. ## physics tourist & bear problem
another easy one i think:
A tourist being chased by an angry bear is running in a straight line toward his car at a speed of 3.5 m/s. The car is a distance d away. The bear is 27 m behind the tourist and running at 6.0 m/s. The tourist rea... | [
"they are killers",
"they only eat",
"they never kill",
"they are docile"
] | A | lizards eat insects |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2665 | astronomy, everyday-life, popular-science, climate-science
Title: Why is the summer, in the temperate latitudes, in average, hotter that the spring? It is common knowledge that the transition from the Spring to the Summer season occurs in the Summer Solstice when the "Sun reaches its highest excursion relative to the ... | [
"the moon has different phases",
"the earth is revolving",
"solar flares appear in cycles",
"the earth is in a different place in its orbit"
] | D | Earth orbiting the Sun causes seasons to change |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2666 | food, nutrition, energy-metabolism
Title: What are the bare minimum nutrients required to survive as a human? I am trying to determine the bare minimum nutritional requirements to survive as a human, ignoring energy (caloric) requirements. Another way to ask this question is: What elements can humans not live without?... | [
"birds",
"computers",
"dirt",
"metals"
] | A | an animal requires enough nutrients to maintain good health |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2667 | quantum-mechanics, quantum-information, superposition
When the compass needle points north, that is like a qubit being in the state $\lvert 0\rangle$, and when the compass needle points east, that is like a qubit being in the state $\lvert 1\rangle$. But a compass needle can also point northeast. The direction northea... | [
"head south",
"head towards water",
"head forward",
"head north"
] | B | when the needle of a compass lines up with Earth 's magnetic poles , the needle points north |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2668 | classical-mechanics, soft-question
Title: Physics of a fixed wheel moving on a flat surface held at distance from a center point Ok, so my boss is trying to make a car turntable. In essence, he has a two boards that sit atop a rotating ring. He wants to put two wheels at the end of each board (8 wheels total). He thin... | [
"helically ridged pins",
"tape",
"glue",
"gum"
] | A | a bicycle contains screws |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2669 | image, mathematics, svg
Beyond that feel free to move things around, change the stroke, change the margins, or change the proportions. But do try to remember that this is a code review. While I am certain that any number of people could draw a better visualization by hand or GImP, this uses SVG for that purpose. So... | [
"Making glass into a birdhouse",
"Holding another person's hand",
"Watching a bird fly",
"Watching a show on TV"
] | A | tearing an object changes that object 's shape |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2670 | human-biology, sleep
Title: Why do people look different after a long sleep? What happens during a long sleep that makes people look odd when they have just woken up? Why doesn't the same phenomenon occur in the case of a person who lies down for an extended period of time, but stays awake? I've noticed that some nigh... | [
"shoe size",
"physical state",
"tan lines",
"hair color"
] | B | rest has a positive impact on a health |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2671 | everyday-chemistry, water, crystallography
Spin-off question:
I heard (not sure where) that each snowflake assumes a unique shape. How true is this?
Now, as I understand it, all processes proceed so as to maximize the "randomness" of its constituent particles. (Oversimplified version of the Second Law of Thermodynami... | [
"pools condense",
"pools dissolve",
"pools evaporate",
"pools transpire"
] | C | evaporation is a stage in the water cycle process |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2672 | ## Property #2
The next symmetric property will require a little more finesse. Now, I don't claim that this is the easiest or most intuitive way to prove this but it does work and it is the one that I came up with. Besides, if you have a better way then it will still be good to see an alternative as that seems to broa... | [
"miniscule",
"minute",
"puny",
"ginormous"
] | D | if an object is close then that object will appear large |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2673 | human-biology, biophysics, skin, light, uv
Title: Can UV radiation be safe for the skin? It is well known that UV radiation can damage the DNA and generally harm our skin.
We also know that UV radiation helps on the production of melanin and Vitamin D.
From what I could find, the DNA absorption spectrum goes to almost... | [
"emotions",
"anger",
"feelings",
"squishy bits"
] | D | skin is used for protecting the body from harmful substances |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2674 | electromagnetism
Title: Region of most and least intense magnetic field
It's a unmagnetized iron screw placed in the north pole of a U shaped magnet. I believe the region of least intense magnetic field is at the far left of the board. From what I understand the screw becomes magnetized and it's south pole is where i... | [
"a grocery store",
"a gymnasium",
"a scrap yard",
"an office"
] | C | electromagnets can be powered by electricity |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2675 | sensors, computer-vision, kinect
What good resources on the internet give you a good introduction on 3D scanning concepts (theoretically and programmatically)? I will be using C++ and OpenCV (I already worked with both a lot) and/or the API provided with the chosen camera (if applies).
Should you have a static camera ... | [
"a dense forest nook",
"a lush green meadow",
"a sparsely populated forest",
"an open sahara desert"
] | A | a dense forest environment is often dark in color |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2676 | metabolism, human-anatomy, pharmacology, liver
For drugs introduced through an injection, for example, metabolism occurs throughout the circulatory system and in the liver. Remember that it's all the same blood supply, but the first-pass effect just refers to the blood that goes to the liver before entering the system... | [
"The brain",
"The feet",
"The stomach area",
"The chest"
] | D | the circulatory system carries oxygen from the digestive and respiratory systems to the rest of the body |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2677 | newtonian-mechanics, estimation
Would the rock have created a seismic event of its own (if so, how large)?
Would the rock have created a crater? The energy of the rock at the time of hitting the earth is mgh.
No rock we know of is going to be able to survive this collision with out breaking into pieces.
Non the less i... | [
"broken apart",
"eaten",
"evaporated",
"stolen"
] | A | breaking apart rocks can cause debris |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2678 | magnetic-fields, ferromagnetism
Title: Technical Term for Material That is Only Magnetic Next to A Magnet I was wondering what the technical term is for some metal(like a refrigerator door) that is not magnetic on its own like neodymium but when there is a magnet in its vicinity, it attracts to the magnet. Neodymium h... | [
"nail",
"washing machine",
"traffic cone",
"refrigerator"
] | C | iron is always magnetic |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2679 | Best Japanese Brown Rice, Air Fryer Burgers And Fries, østfold University College Vacancies, Band T-shirts Walmart, How To Become An Anglican Priest, Too Much Fennel Taste, Porter Cable Circular Saw Cordless, Utmb My Chart, Iams Large Breed Dog Food Nutrition Facts,
The following is multiple choice question (with opti... | [
"leafy greens and steak",
"only that which inhabits the sea",
"only steaks or burgers",
"only that which grows from the ground"
] | A | omnivores eat plants |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2680 | energy, electromagnetic-radiation, radio
And why is it that one can pick up the radio frequency over the radio's own self-induced frequency?
I think you mean how is a radio able to transmit and receive at the same time. That's a complicated question but most simple radios can't. They're either transmitting or recei... | [
"radiation",
"human contact",
"energy",
"water"
] | B | a radio is used for communication |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2681 | geophysics, earthquakes, plate-tectonics, geography
Title: Why is the Ring of Fire there? The Ring of Fire goes through the places that have the most earthquakes. Why is the Ring of Fire there, not somewhere else?
Any help would be appreciated! This question is very similar to: Why does the "Ring of Fire" pretty much... | [
"Honolulu",
"los angelos",
"kansas",
"texas"
] | A | an island is formed by lava cooling on the ocean floor over time |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2682 | There is a concept of $$C\setminus B = \{x\in C$$ but where $$x \not \in B\}$$. As we know that $$x\not \in B$$ that if $$x\in C$$ then we must have $$x\in C\setminus B$$. But $$C\setminus B$$ certainly doesn't have to be empty!
So that doesn't follow at all!
But now we have proven both $$x ∈ C$$ and $$x \not \in C$$... | [
"gut flora can make you more healthy",
"bacteria is always bad",
"bacteria in your brain helps digest food",
"gut bacteria always makes you sick"
] | A | bacteria can help digest food in humans |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2683 | tropical-cyclone, barometric-pressure
Also, a figure from Stull showing the difference in temperature within the hurricane core relative to surroundings:
That perhaps makes it more sensible that the warmer core air cannot continue subsiding down to the near-sea surface low at base of the core, where the air is very m... | [
"winning a prize",
"sunshine",
"a full moon",
"getting wet"
] | D | as air pressure decreases , the chance of rain will increase |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2684 | energy-efficiency, thermal-insulation
greater if the window is bigger
less as temperature difference get smaller
Radiative heat transfer
The main factor that is of consideration here is the solar radiation. There are three types of radiation:
Direct radiation: the direct rays of the sun. (this is zero on a cloudy d... | [
"an opaque bandana",
"a short haircut",
"transparent baseball cap",
"a sunny smile"
] | A | the sun is located directly overhead at noon |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2685 | newtonian-mechanics, estimation
Would the rock have created a seismic event of its own (if so, how large)?
Would the rock have created a crater? The energy of the rock at the time of hitting the earth is mgh.
No rock we know of is going to be able to survive this collision with out breaking into pieces.
Non the less i... | [
"glass",
"mechanically weathered",
"garden compost",
"grits"
] | B | mechanical weathering is when rocks are broken down by mechanical means |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2686 | volcanology, volcanic-hazard
In any case, if you do manage to reach the last eruption site, don't walk on the lava flow crust in the hope to see some active lava. I did it with a group of visiting volcanologists, guided by local volcanologists who had been in the field every day for six months. They knew the site very... | [
"top of iceberg",
"a cloud",
"a space station",
"an island"
] | D | magma is found below the ground |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2687 | planet, natural-satellites, nomenclature
Title: Is the satellite of a small star in a binary solar system a moon or a planet? What exaclty distinguishes a moon from a planet?
In a binary solar system that has a large star in the center and a smaller star - among some planets - orbiting that large star, and the smaller... | [
"H2O",
"rocks",
"dust",
"footprints"
] | A | the moon does not contain water |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2688 | Suppose A and B are statements of interest. Suppose we want to say in a short sentence that “whenever A is true, B is true, and that when A is false, we do not claim anything about the truth of B”. We use the word “implies” and state for short that “A is true implies B is true”, and mean the truth relations in the trut... | [
"a phone's brain controls its body",
"a rock's brain controls its body",
"a sloth's brain controls its body",
"a bacteria's brain controls its body"
] | C | an animal 's brain controls that animal |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2689 | energy, work, statics
With no "lossy" forces eg friction acting the body will overshoot the position $x=0$ and undergo oscillatory motion about that position.
If friction does act then the amplitude of oscillation of the body will decrease with time until the body eventually stops at position $x=0$.
The following i... | [
"stony plates",
"giants",
"large dinosaurs",
"huge wolves"
] | A | tectonic plates being pushed together causes earthquakes |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2690 | wasps
Title: Can wasps see under moonlight? It appears that the best time to attack a wasp nest is in the middle of the night. Their venom might terrorize us (my five-day old sting remains swollen and is starting to have red bumps in an area the size of a tennis ball), but at least our eyesight is superior. If we atta... | [
"falling down",
"making memories",
"flicking a lighter",
"sleeping quietly"
] | C | fire gives off light |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2691 | pathology, skin, infection
Title: What counts as a 'breach of the skin' for infections(like rabies) that spread via wounds? I've been looking at several sources on how the virus spreads and they all mention that the skin has to be broken, but does it mean broken to the naked eye?
A minor scratch where the skin appears... | [
"after they were born",
"at the time of delivery",
"at the time of conception",
"at the time of fetus development"
] | A | a scar is an acquired characteristic |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2692 | thermodynamics, thermal-conductivity
Indeed, $1kg$ of silver would feel much closer to body temperature than $1kg$ of diamond (that's alot of diamond!) despite diamond having a higher heat capacity.
The following is multiple choice question (with options) to answer.
Which would feel hotter? | [
"a stove on the fingertips",
"a stove on the butt",
"a fridge on the butt",
"a fridge on the fingertips"
] | A | if an object is hot then the surfaces of that object are hot |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2693 | newtonian-mechanics, energy-conservation, momentum, conservation-laws
So the answer is that regardless of the current motion of $M$ it is always possible to shoot $m$ at $M$ such that it transfers all its kinetic energy to $M$ and thus the maximum amount is 100%.
The following is multiple choice question (with option... | [
"a beach ball",
"a tossed balloon",
"a sleeping person",
"a thrown racquetballl"
] | D | as an object moves , the kinetic energy of that object will increase |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2694 | microbiology, bacteriology, ecology, environment, freshwater-biology
Title: Does rainwater contain many fewer micro-organisms than river water? From watching many documentaries on micro-organisms, I can tell water typically contains quite a lot of them.
But what about rainwater? (before it hits the ground). I know not... | [
"fills",
"grows",
"drains",
"overflows"
] | C | as available water in an environment decreases , the amount of available food in that environment will decrease |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2695 | thermodynamics, energy, energy-conservation, phase-transition, physical-chemistry
Title: Why is Energy change occurring during the reaction at constant temperature and constant volume given by internal energy change? When volume and temperature are kept constant, shouldn't internal energy remain constant (as it's a st... | [
"acceleration resistance",
"appearance",
"temperature",
"mass amount"
] | D | heat can change the state of matter |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2696 | cosmology, string-theory, quantum-gravity, theory-of-everything, poincare-recurrence
The timescale is vastly longer than anything we have a chance to experimentally test. Each 10 billion years or so, the linear distances between galaxies double and the density of normal matter decreases by an order of magnitude. In hu... | [
"under five full seconds",
"an hour and a half",
"more than a day",
"less than a minute"
] | D | an earthquake usually occurs over a period of 10 to 30 seconds |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2697 | evolution
///
Why not have a switch between the two hemispheres to give the hand currently being used the fine motor skill located in the other hemisphere? (from comment)
I see. In my answer I only talked about one aspect. The brain doesn't have to learn skills for each hand completely independently. For example imagi... | [
"may be very uncomfortable at first",
"take very little time",
"are without learning from others and past experiences",
"are without goals and commitment"
] | A | skills are learned characteristics |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2698 | mycology, microscopy, parasitology
Cross sections of leaves (hold between two thin pieces of polystyrene or cork and slice gently with a new single-edge razor blade or craft knife). . These will show the internal structure of the leaves - veins (xylem, phloem), cells etc. You can also use clear nailpolish to paint on ... | [
"keep water available for predators",
"keep the ongoing hydration",
"stay moist for warm weather",
"creation of toxins in the cells"
] | C | moist means high in moisture |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2699 | entomology, ethology, habitat
Title: Preferred criteria for new bee colony location As a human I want a house with a roof, indoor plumbing, bug free, and make my wife happy. I don't want to drive too far to work, and it has to be well-suited for offspring.
What are the criteria that define a "good spot" for a new loc... | [
"foxhounds",
"rusty knives",
"creeping buttercup",
"blackberry smartphones"
] | C | bees convert nectar into honey |
OpenBookQA | OpenBookQA-2700 | evolution, biochemistry, plant-physiology, plant-anatomy, life
Title: Plants without bacteria? is it theoretically possible? I know from school, that all live on the Earth need bacteria as low-level "machines" that break down/extract/convert/produce chemical elements and combinations, other high-level organisms needed... | [
"roses",
"deer",
"rainbows",
"water buffalo"
] | A | animal cells can not perform photosynthesis |
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