Datasets:

rajpurkar
/

squad

	---
	annotations_creators:
	- crowdsourced
	language_creators:
	- crowdsourced
	- found
	language:
	- en
	license: cc-by-sa-4.0
	multilinguality:
	- monolingual
	size_categories:
	- 10K<n<100K
	source_datasets:
	- extended\|wikipedia
	task_categories:
	- question-answering
	task_ids:
	- extractive-qa
	paperswithcode_id: squad
	pretty_name: SQuAD
	dataset_info:
	config_name: plain_text
	features:
	- name: id
	dtype: string
	- name: title
	dtype: string
	- name: context
	dtype: string
	- name: question
	dtype: string
	- name: answers
	sequence:
	- name: text
	dtype: string
	- name: answer_start
	dtype: int32
	splits:
	- name: train
	num_bytes: 79346108
	num_examples: 87599
	- name: validation
	num_bytes: 10472984
	num_examples: 10570
	download_size: 16278203
	dataset_size: 89819092
	configs:
	- config_name: plain_text
	data_files:
	- split: train
	path: plain_text/train-*
	- split: validation
	path: plain_text/validation-*
	default: true
	train-eval-index:
	- config: plain_text
	task: question-answering
	task_id: extractive_question_answering
	splits:
	train_split: train
	eval_split: validation
	col_mapping:
	question: question
	context: context
	answers:
	text: text
	answer_start: answer_start
	metrics:
	- type: squad
	name: SQuAD
	---

	# Dataset Card for SQuAD

	## Table of Contents
	- [Dataset Card for "squad"](#dataset-card-for-squad)
	- [Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)
	- [Dataset Description](#dataset-description)
	- [Dataset Summary](#dataset-summary)
	- [Supported Tasks and Leaderboards](#supported-tasks-and-leaderboards)
	- [Languages](#languages)
	- [Dataset Structure](#dataset-structure)
	- [Data Instances](#data-instances)
	- [plain_text](#plain_text)
	- [Data Fields](#data-fields)
	- [plain_text](#plain_text-1)
	- [Data Splits](#data-splits)
	- [Dataset Creation](#dataset-creation)
	- [Curation Rationale](#curation-rationale)
	- [Source Data](#source-data)
	- [Initial Data Collection and Normalization](#initial-data-collection-and-normalization)
	- [Who are the source language producers?](#who-are-the-source-language-producers)
	- [Annotations](#annotations)
	- [Annotation process](#annotation-process)
	- [Who are the annotators?](#who-are-the-annotators)
	- [Personal and Sensitive Information](#personal-and-sensitive-information)
	- [Considerations for Using the Data](#considerations-for-using-the-data)
	- [Social Impact of Dataset](#social-impact-of-dataset)
	- [Discussion of Biases](#discussion-of-biases)
	- [Other Known Limitations](#other-known-limitations)
	- [Additional Information](#additional-information)
	- [Dataset Curators](#dataset-curators)
	- [Licensing Information](#licensing-information)
	- [Citation Information](#citation-information)
	- [Contributions](#contributions)

	## Dataset Description

	- Homepage: https://rajpurkar.github.io/SQuAD-explorer/
	- Repository: [More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
	- Paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/1606.05250
	- Point of Contact: [More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)

	### Dataset Summary

	Stanford Question Answering Dataset (SQuAD) is a reading comprehension dataset, consisting of questions posed by crowdworkers on a set of Wikipedia articles, where the answer to every question is a segment of text, or span, from the corresponding reading passage, or the question might be unanswerable.

	SQuAD 1.1 contains 100,000+ question-answer pairs on 500+ articles.

	### Supported Tasks and Leaderboards

	Question Answering.

	### Languages

	English (`en`).

	## Dataset Structure

	### Data Instances

	#### plain_text

	- Size of downloaded dataset files: 35.14 MB
	- Size of the generated dataset: 89.92 MB
	- Total amount of disk used: 125.06 MB

	An example of 'train' looks as follows.
	```
	{
	"answers": {
	"answer_start": [1],
	"text": ["This is a test text"]
	},
	"context": "This is a test context.",
	"id": "1",
	"question": "Is this a test?",
	"title": "train test"
	}
	```

	### Data Fields

	The data fields are the same among all splits.

	#### plain_text
	- `id`: a `string` feature.
	- `title`: a `string` feature.
	- `context`: a `string` feature.
	- `question`: a `string` feature.
	- `answers`: a dictionary feature containing:
	- `text`: a `string` feature.
	- `answer_start`: a `int32` feature.

	### Data Splits

	\| name \|train\|validation\|
	\|----------\|----:\|---------:\|
	\|plain_text\|87599\| 10570\|

	## Dataset Creation

	### Curation Rationale

	[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)

	### Source Data

	#### Initial Data Collection and Normalization

	[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)

	#### Who are the source language producers?

	[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)

	### Annotations

	#### Annotation process

	[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)

	#### Who are the annotators?

	[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)

	### Personal and Sensitive Information

	[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)

	## Considerations for Using the Data

	### Social Impact of Dataset

	[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)

	### Discussion of Biases

	[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)

	### Other Known Limitations

	[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)

	## Additional Information

	### Dataset Curators

	[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)

	### Licensing Information

	The dataset is distributed under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license.

	### Citation Information

	```
	@inproceedings{rajpurkar-etal-2016-squad,
	title = "{SQ}u{AD}: 100,000+ Questions for Machine Comprehension of Text",
	author = "Rajpurkar, Pranav and
	Zhang, Jian and
	Lopyrev, Konstantin and
	Liang, Percy",
	editor = "Su, Jian and
	Duh, Kevin and
	Carreras, Xavier",
	booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2016 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
	month = nov,
	year = "2016",
	address = "Austin, Texas",
	publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
	url = "https://aclanthology.org/D16-1264",
	doi = "10.18653/v1/D16-1264",
	pages = "2383--2392",
	eprint={1606.05250},
	archivePrefix={arXiv},
	primaryClass={cs.CL},
	}
	```


	### Contributions

	Thanks to [@lewtun](https://github.com/lewtun), [@albertvillanova](https://github.com/albertvillanova), [@patrickvonplaten](https://github.com/patrickvonplaten), [@thomwolf](https://github.com/thomwolf) for adding this dataset.