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From Bhagwad Gita => : Kåñëa consciousness for the satisfaction of the Supreme, without
self-satisfaction or self-gratification, are called actions in the mode of
goodness.
TEXT 24
Yatau k-aMaePSauNaa k-MaR Saahªare<a va PauNa" )
i§-YaTae bhul/aYaaSa& Tad]aJaSaMaudaôTaMa( )) 24 ))
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From Bhagwad Gita => : yat tu kämepsunä karma
sähaìkäreëa vä punaù
kriyate bahuläyäsaà
tad räjasam udähåtam
SYNONYMS
yat—that which; tu—but; käma-épsunä—by one with desires for fruitive
results; karma—work; sa-ahaìkäreëa—with ego; vä—or; punaù—again;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : kriyate—is performed; bahula-äyäsam—with great labor; tat—that;
räjasam—in the mode of passion; udähåtam—is said to be.
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
TRANSLATION
But action performed with great effort by one seeking to gratify his desires,
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From Bhagwad Gita => : and enacted from a sense of false ego, is called action in the mode of passion.
TEXT 25
ANaubNDa& +aYa& ih&SaaMaNaPae+Ya c PaaEåzMa( )
Maaehadar>YaTae k-MaR YatataaMaSaMauCYaTae )) 25 ))
anubandhaà kñayaà hiàsäm
anapekñya ca pauruñam
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : mohäd ärabhyate karma
yat tat tämasam ucyate
SYNONYMS
anubandham—of future bondage; kñayam—destruction; hiàsäm—and distress
to others; anapekñya—without considering the consequences; ca—also;
pauruñam—self-sanctioned; mohät—by illusion; ärabhyate—is begun;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : karma—work; yat—which; tat—that; tämasam—in the mode of ignorance;
ucyate—is said to be.
TRANSLATION
That action performed in illusion, in disregard of scriptural injunctions, and
without concern for future bondage or for violence or distress caused to others
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From Bhagwad Gita => : is said to be in the mode of ignorance.
PURPORT
One has to give account of one’s actions to the state or to the agents of the
Supreme Lord called the Yamadütas. Irresponsible work is destructive because
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : it destroys the regulative principles of scriptural injunction. It is often based
on violence and is distressing to other living entities. Such irresponsible work
is carried out in the light of one’s personal experience. This is called illusion.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : And all such illusory work is a product of the mode of ignorance.
TEXT 26
Mau¢-Sa®ae_Nah&vadq Da*TYauTSaahSaMaiNvTa" )
iSaÖyiSaÖyaeiNaRivRk-ar" k-TaaR Saaitvk- oCYaTae )) 26 ))
mukta-saìgo ’nahaà-vädé
dhåty-utsäha-samanvitaù
siddhy-asiddhyor nirvikäraù
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : kartä sättvika ucyate
SYNONYMS
mukta-saìgaù—liberated from all material association; anaham-vädé—without
false ego; dhåti—with determination; utsäha—and great enthusiasm;
samanvitaù—qualified; siddhi—in perfection; asiddhyoù—and failure;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : nirvikäraù—without change; kartä—worker; sättvikaù—in the mode of
goodness; ucyate—is said to be.
TRANSLATION
One who performs his duty without association with the modes of material
nature, without false ego, with great determination and enthusiasm, and
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From Bhagwad Gita => : without wavering in success or failure is said to be a worker in the mode of
goodness.
PURPORT
A person in Kåñëa consciousness is always transcendental to the material
modes of nature. He has no expectations for the result of the work entrusted to
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
him, because he is above false ego and pride. Still, he is always enthusiastic till
the completion of such work. He does not worry about the distress undertaken;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : he is always enthusiastic. He does not care for success or failure; he is equal in
both distress and happiness. Such a worker is situated in the mode of goodness.
TEXT 27
raGaq k-MaRf-l/Pa[ePSaulu/RBDaae ih&SaaTMak-ae_éuic" )
hzRXaaek-aiNvTa" k-TaaR raJaSa" Pairk-IiTaRTa" )) 27 ))
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From Bhagwad Gita => : rägé karma-phala-prepsur
lubdho hiàsätmako ’çuciù
harña-çokänvitaù kartä
räjasaù parikértitaù
SYNONYMS
rägé—very much attached; karma-phala—the fruit of the work;
prepsuù—desiring; lubdhaù—greedy; hiàsä-ätmakaù—always envious;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : açuciù—unclean; harña-çoka-anvitaù—subject to joy and sorrow; kartä—such a
worker; räjasaù—in the mode of passion; parikértitaù—is declared.
TRANSLATION
The worker who is attached to work and the fruits of work, desiring to enjoy
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From Bhagwad Gita => : those fruits, and who is greedy, always envious, impure, and moved by joy and
sorrow, is said to be in the mode of passion.
PURPORT
A person is too much attached to a certain kind of work or to the result
because he has too much attachment for materialism or hearth and home, wife
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From Bhagwad Gita => : and children. Such a person has no desire for higher elevation in life. He is
simply concerned with making this world as materially comfortable as possible.
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : He is generally very greedy, and he thinks that anything attained by him is
permanent and never to be lost. Such a person is envious of others and
prepared to do anything wrong for sense gratification. Therefore such a person
is unclean, and he does not care whether his earning is pure or impure. He is
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From Bhagwad Gita => : very happy if his work is successful and very much distressed when his work is
not successful. Such is the worker in the mode of passion.
TEXT 28
AYau¢-" Pa[ak*-Ta" STaBDa" Xa#=ae NaEZk*-iTak-ae_l/Sa" )
ivzadq dqgaRSaU}aq c k-TaaR TaaMaSa oCYaTae )) 28 ))
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From Bhagwad Gita => : ayuktaù präkåtaù stabdhaù
çaöho naiñkåtiko ’lasaù
viñädé dérgha-sütré ca
kartä tämasa ucyate
SYNONYMS
ayuktaù—not referring to the scriptural injunctions; präkåtaù—materialistic;
stabdhaù—obstinate; çaöhaù—deceitful; naiñkåtikaù—expert in insulting
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From Bhagwad Gita => : others; alasaù—lazy; viñädé—morose; dérgha-sütré—procrastinating; ca—also;
kartä—worker; tämasaù—in the mode of ignorance; ucyate—is said to be.
TRANSLATION
The worker who is always engaged in work against the injunctions of the
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : scripture, who is materialistic, obstinate, cheating and expert in insulting
others, and who is lazy, always morose and procrastinating is said to be a worker
in the mode of ignorance.
PURPORT
In the scriptural injunctions we find what sort of work should be performed
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
and what sort of work should not be performed. Those who do not care for
those injunctions engage in work not to be done, and such persons are
generally materialistic. They work according to the modes of nature, not
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From Bhagwad Gita => : according to the injunctions of the scripture. Such workers are not very gentle,
and generally they are always cunning and expert in insulting others. They are
very lazy; even though they have some duty, they do not do it properly, and
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From Bhagwad Gita => : they put it aside to be done later on. Therefore they appear to be morose. They
procrastinate; anything which can be done in an hour they drag on for years.
Such workers are situated in the mode of ignorance.
TEXT 29
buÖe>aeRd& Da*TaeêEv Gau<aTaiñivDa& é*<au )
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Pa[aeCYaMaaNaMaXaeze<a Pa*Qa¤e-Na DaNaÅYa )) 29 ))
buddher bhedaà dhåteç caiva
guëatas tri-vidhaà çåëu
procyamänam açeñeëa
påthaktvena dhanaïjaya
SYNONYMS
buddheù—of intelligence; bhedam—the differences; dhåteù—of steadiness;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : ca—also; eva—certainly; guëataù—by the modes of material nature;
tri-vidham—of three kinds; çåëu—just hear; procyamänam—as described by
Me; açeñeëa—in detail; påthaktvena—differently; dhanaïjaya—O winner of
wealth.
TRANSLATION
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : O winner of wealth, now please listen as I tell you in detail of the different
kinds of understanding and determination, according to the three modes of
material nature.
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : PURPORT
Now after explaining knowledge, the object of knowledge, and the knower,
in three different divisions according to the modes of material nature, the
Lord is explaining the intelligence and determination of the worker in the
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : same way.
TEXT 30
Pa[v*ita& c iNav*ita& c k-aYaaRk-aYaeR >aYaa>aYae )
bNDa& Maae+a& c Yaa veita buiÖ" Saa PaaQaR Saaitvk-I )) 30 ))
pravåttià ca nivåttià ca
käryäkärye bhayäbhaye
bandhaà mokñaà ca yä vetti
buddhiù sä pärtha sättviké
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From Bhagwad Gita => : SYNONYMS
pravåttim—doing; ca—also; nivåttim—not doing; ca—and; kärya—what ought
to be done; akärye—and what ought not to be done; bhaya—fear; abhaye—and
fearlessness; bandham—bondage; mokñam—liberation; ca—and; yä—that
which; vetti—knows; buddhiù—understanding; sä—that; pärtha—O son of
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : Påthä; sättviké—in the mode of goodness.
TRANSLATION
O son of Påthä, that understanding by which one knows what ought to be
done and what ought not to be done, what is to be feared and what is not to be
feared, what is binding and what is liberating, is in the mode of goodness.
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : PURPORT
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
Performing actions in terms of the directions of the scriptures is called
pravåtti, or executing actions that deserve to be performed. And actions which
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From Bhagwad Gita => : are not so directed are not to be performed. One who does not know the
scriptural directions becomes entangled in the actions and reactions of work.
Understanding which discriminates by intelligence is situated in the mode of
goodness.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : TEXT 31
YaYaa DaMaRMaDaMa| c k-aYa| cak-aYaRMaev c )
AYaQaavTPa[JaaNaaiTa buiÖ" Saa PaaQaR raJaSaq )) 31 ))
yayä dharmam adharmaà ca
käryaà cäkäryam eva ca
ayathävat prajänäti
buddhiù sä pärtha räjasé
SYNONYMS
yayä—by which; dharmam—the principles of religion; adharmam—irreligion;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : ca—and; käryam—what ought to be done; ca—also; akäryam—what ought
not to be done; eva—certainly; ca—also; ayathä-vat—imperfectly;
prajänäti—knows; buddhiù—intelligence; sä—that; pärtha—O son of Påthä;
räjasé—in the mode of passion.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : TRANSLATION
O son of Påthä, that understanding which cannot distinguish between
religion and irreligion, between action that should be done and action that
should not be done, is in the mode of passion.
TEXT 32
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : ADaMa| DaMaRiMaiTa Yaa MaNYaTae TaMaSaav*Taa )
SavaRQaaRiNvParqTaa&ê buiÖ" Saa PaaQaR TaaMaSaq )) 32 ))
adharmaà dharmam iti yä
manyate tamasävåtä
sarvärthän viparétäàç ca
buddhiù sä pärtha tämasé
SYNONYMS
adharmam—irreligion; dharmam—religion; iti—thus; yä—which;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : manyate—thinks; tamasä—by illusion; ävåtä—covered; sarva-arthän—all
things; viparétän—in the wrong direction; ca—also; buddhiù—intelligence;
sä—that; pärtha—O son of Påthä; tämasé—in the mode of ignorance.
TRANSLATION
That understanding which considers irreligion to be religion and religion to
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : be irreligion, under the spell of illusion and darkness, and strives always in the
wrong direction, O Pärtha, is in the mode of ignorance.
PURPORT
Intelligence in the mode of ignorance is always working the opposite of the
way it should. It accepts religions which are not actually religions and rejects
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From Bhagwad Gita => : actual religion. Men in ignorance understand a great soul to be a common man
and accept a common man as a great soul. They think truth to be untruth and
accept untruth as truth. In all activities they simply take the wrong path;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : therefore their intelligence is in the mode of ignorance.
TEXT 33
Da*TYaa YaYaa DaarYaTae MaNa"Pa[a<aeiNd]Yai§-Yaa" )
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
YaaeGaeNaaVYai>acair<Yaa Da*iTa" Saa PaaQaR Saaitvk-I )) 33 ))
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From Bhagwad Gita => : dhåtyä yayä dhärayate
manaù-präëendriya-kriyäù
yogenävyabhicäriëyä
dhåtiù sä pärtha sättviké
SYNONYMS
dhåtyä—determination; yayä—by which; dhärayate—one sustains; manaù—of
the mind; präëa—life; indriya—and senses; kriyäù—the activities; yogena—by
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : yoga practice; avyabhicäriëyä—without any break; dhåtiù—determination;
sä—that; pärtha—O son of Påthä; sättviké—in the mode of goodness.
TRANSLATION
O son of Påthä, that determination which is unbreakable, which is sustained
with steadfastness by yoga practice, and which thus controls the activities of the
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : mind, life and senses is determination in the mode of goodness.
PURPORT
Yoga is a means to understand the Supreme Soul. One who is steadily fixed
in the Supreme Soul with determination, concentrating one’s mind, life and
sensory activities on the Supreme, engages in Kåñëa consciousness. That sort
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : of determination is in the mode of goodness. The word avyabhicäriëyä is very
significant, for it indicates that persons who are engaged in Kåñëa
consciousness are never deviated by any other activity.
TEXT 34
YaYaa Tau DaMaRk-aMaaQaaRNDa*TYaa DaarYaTae_JauRNa )
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Pa[Sa®eNa f-l/ak-a¿q Da*iTa" Saa PaaQaR raJaSaq )) 34 ))
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
yayä tu dharma-kämärthän
dhåtyä dhärayate ’rjuna
prasaìgena phaläkäìkñé
dhåtiù sä pärtha räjasé
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : SYNONYMS
yayä—by which; tu—but; dharma—religiosity; käma—sense gratification;
arthän—and economic development; dhåtyä—by determination;
dhärayate—one sustains; arjuna—O Arjuna; prasaìgena—because of
attachment; phala-äkäìkñé—desiring fruitive results; dhåtiù—determination;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : sä—that; pärtha—O son of Påthä; räjasé—in the mode of passion.
TRANSLATION
But that determination by which one holds fast to fruitive results in religion,
economic development and sense gratification is of the nature of passion, O
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : Arjuna.
PURPORT
Any person who is always desirous of fruitive results in religious or
economic activities, whose only desire is sense gratification, and whose mind,
life and senses are thus engaged is in the mode of passion.
TEXT 35
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From Bhagwad Gita => : YaYaa SvPan& >aYa& Xaaek&- ivzad& MadMaev c )
Na ivMauÄiTa duMaeRDaa Da*iTa" Saa PaaQaR TaaMaSaq )) 35 ))
yayä svapnaà bhayaà çokaà
viñädaà madam eva ca
na vimuïcati durmedhä
dhåtiù sä pärtha tämasé
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : SYNONYMS
yayä—by which; svapnam—dreaming; bhayam—fearfulness;
çokam—lamentation; viñädam—moroseness; madam—illusion; eva—certainly;
ca—also; na—never; vimuïcati—one gives up; durmedhä—unintelligent;
dhåtiù—determination; sä—that; pärtha—O son of Påthä; tämasé—in the
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : mode of ignorance.
TRANSLATION
And that determination which cannot go beyond dreaming, fearfulness,
lamentation, moroseness and illusion—such unintelligent determination, O son
of Påthä, is in the mode of darkness.
PURPORT
It should not be concluded that a person in the mode of goodness does not
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From Bhagwad Gita => : dream. Here “dream” means too much sleep. Dreaming is always present; either
in the mode of goodness, passion or ignorance, dreaming is a natural
occurrence. But those who cannot avoid oversleeping, who cannot avoid the
pride of enjoying material objects, who are always dreaming of lording it over
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From Bhagwad Gita => : the material world, and whose life, mind and senses are thus engaged, are
considered to have determination in the mode of ignorance.
TEXT 36
Sau%& iTvdaNaq& i}aivDa& é*<au Mae >arTazR>a )
A>YaaSaad]MaTae Ya}a du"%aNTa& c iNaGaC^iTa )) 36 ))
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From Bhagwad Gita => : sukhaà tv idänéà tri-vidhaà
çåëu me bharatarñabha
abhyäsäd ramate yatra
duùkhäntaà ca nigacchati
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
SYNONYMS
sukham—happiness; tu—but; idäném—now; tri-vidham—of three kinds;
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : çåëu—hear; me—from Me; bharata-åñabha—O best amongst the Bhäratas;
abhyäsät—by practice; ramate—one enjoys; yatra—where; duùkha—of
distress; antam—the end; ca—also; nigacchati—gains.
TRANSLATION
O best of the Bhäratas, now please hear from Me about the three kinds of
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : happiness by which the conditioned soul enjoys, and by which he sometimes
comes to the end of all distress.
PURPORT
A conditioned soul tries to enjoy material happiness again and again. Thus
he chews the chewed. But sometimes, in the course of such enjoyment, he
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : becomes relieved from material entanglement by association with a great soul.
In other words, a conditioned soul is always engaged in some type of sense
gratification, but when he understands by good association that it is only a
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : repetition of the same thing, and he is awakened to his real Kåñëa
consciousness, he is sometimes relieved from such repetitive so-called
happiness.
TEXT 37
YatadGa]e ivziMav Pair<aaMae_Ma*TaaePaMaMa( )
TaTSau%& Saaitvk&- Pa[ae¢-MaaTMabuiÖPa[SaadJaMa( )) 37 ))
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From Bhagwad Gita => : yat tad agre viñam iva
pariëäme ’måtopamam
tat sukhaà sättvikaà proktam
ätma-buddhi-prasäda-jam
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
SYNONYMS
yat—which; tat—that; agre—in the beginning; viñam iva—like poison;
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : pariëäme—at the end; amåta—nectar; upamam—compared to; tat—that;
sukham—happiness; sättvikam—in the mode of goodness; proktam—is said;
ätma—in the self; buddhi—of intelligence; prasäda-jam—born of the
satisfaction.
TRANSLATION
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : That which in the beginning may be just like poison but at the end is just
like nectar and which awakens one to self-realization is said to be happiness in
the mode of goodness.
PURPORT
In the pursuit of self-realization, one has to follow many rules and
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : regulations to control the mind and the senses and to concentrate the mind on
the self. All these procedures are very difficult, bitter like poison, but if one is
successful in following the regulations and comes to the transcendental
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : position, he begins to drink real nectar, and he enjoys life.
TEXT 38
ivzYaeiNd]YaSa&YaaeGaaÛtadGa]e_Ma*TaaePaMaMa( )
Pair<aaMae ivziMav TaTSau%& raJaSa& SMa*TaMa( )) 38 ))
viñayendriya-saàyogäd
yat tad agre ’måtopamam
pariëäme viñam iva
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : tat sukhaà räjasaà småtam
SYNONYMS
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
viñaya—of the objects of the senses; indriya—and the senses; saàyogät—from
the combination; yat—which; tat—that; agre—in the beginning;
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : amåta-upamam—just like nectar; pariëäme—at the end; viñam iva—like
poison; tat—that; sukham—happiness; räjasam—in the mode of passion;
småtam—is considered.
TRANSLATION
That happiness which is derived from contact of the senses with their objects
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : and which appears like nectar at first but poison at the end is said to be of the
nature of passion.
PURPORT
A young man and a young woman meet, and the senses drive the young
man to see her, to touch her and to have sexual intercourse. In the beginning
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : this may be very pleasing to the senses, but at the end, or after some time, it
becomes just like poison. They are separated or there is divorce, there is
lamentation, there is sorrow, etc. Such happiness is always in the mode of
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : passion. Happiness derived from a combination of the senses and the sense
objects is always a cause of distress and should be avoided by all means.
TEXT 39
YadGa]e caNaubNDae c Sau%& MaaehNaMaaTMaNa" )
iNad]al/SYaPa[MaadaeTQa& TataaMaSaMaudaôTaMa( )) 39 ))
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : yad agre cänubandhe ca
sukhaà mohanam ätmanaù
nidrälasya-pramädotthaà
tat tämasam udähåtam
SYNONYMS
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
yat—that which; agre—in the beginning; ca—also; anubandhe—at the end;
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : ca—also; sukham—happiness; mohanam—illusory; ätmanaù—of the self;
nidrä—sleep; älasya—laziness; pramäda—and illusion; uttham—produced of;
tat—that; tämasam—in the mode of ignorance; udähåtam—is said to be.
TRANSLATION
And that happiness which is blind to self-realization, which is delusion from
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : beginning to end and which arises from sleep, laziness and illusion is said to be
of the nature of ignorance.
PURPORT
One who takes pleasure in laziness and in sleep is certainly in the mode of
darkness, ignorance, and one who has no idea how to act and how not to act is
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : also in the mode of ignorance. For the person in the mode of ignorance,
everything is illusion. There is no happiness either in the beginning or at the
end. For the person in the mode of passion there might be some kind of
ephemeral happiness in the beginning and at the end distress, but for the
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : person in the mode of ignorance there is only distress both in the beginning
and at the end.
TEXT 40
Na TadiSTa Pa*iQaVYaa& va idiv devezu va PauNa" )
Satv& Pa[k*-iTaJaEMauR¢&- Yadei>a" SYaaiT}ai>aGauR<aE" )) 40 ))
na tad asti påthivyäà vä
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : divi deveñu vä punaù
sattvaà prakåti-jair muktaà
yad ebhiù syät tribhir guëaiù
SYNONYMS
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
na—not; tat—that; asti—there is; påthivyäm—on the earth; vä—or; divi—in
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : the higher planetary system; deveñu—amongst the demigods; vä—or;
punaù—again; sattvam—existence; prakåti-jaiù—born of material nature;
muktam—liberated; yat—that; ebhiù—from the influence of these; syät—is;
tribhiù—three; guëaiù—modes of material nature.
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : TRANSLATION
There is no being existing, either here or among the demigods in the higher
planetary systems, which is freed from these three modes born of material
nature.
PURPORT
The Lord here summarizes the total influence of the three modes of
|
From Bhagwad Gita => : material nature all over the universe.
TEXT 41
b]aø<a+ai}aYaivXaa& éUd]a<aa& c ParNTaPa )
k-MaaRi<a Pa[iv>a¢-aiNa Sv>aavPa[>avEGauR<aE" )) 41 ))
brähmaëa-kñatriya-viçäà
çüdräëäà ca parantapa
karmäëi pravibhaktäni
svabhäva-prabhavair guëaiù
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From Bhagwad Gita => : SYNONYMS
brähmaëa—of the brähmaëas; kñatriya—the kñatriyas; viçäm—and the
vaiçyas; çüdräëäm—of the çüdras; ca—and; parantapa—O subduer of the
enemies; karmäëi—the activities; pravibhaktäni—are divided; svabhäva—their
own nature; prabhavaiù—born of; guëaiù—by the modes of material nature.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
TRANSLATION
Brähmaëas, kñatriyas, vaiçyas and çüdras are distinguished by the qualities
born of their own natures in accordance with the material modes, O chastiser of
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From Bhagwad Gita => : the enemy.
TEXT 42
XaMaae dMaSTaPa" XaaEc& +aaiNTaraJaRvMaev c )
jaNa& ivjaNaMaaiSTaKYa& b]øk-MaR Sv>aavJaMa( )) 42 ))
çamo damas tapaù çaucaà
kñäntir ärjavam eva ca
jïänaà vijïänam ästikyaà
brahma-karma svabhäva-jam
SYNONYMS
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From Bhagwad Gita => : çamaù—peacefulness; damaù—self-control; tapaù—austerity; çaucam—purity;
kñäntiù—tolerance; ärjavam—honesty; eva—certainly; ca—and;
jïänam—knowledge; vijïänam—wisdom; ästikyam—religiousness; brahma—of
a brähmaëa; karma—duty; svabhäva-jam—born of his own nature.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : TRANSLATION
Peacefulness, self-control, austerity, purity, tolerance, honesty, knowledge,
wisdom and religiousness—these are the natural qualities by which the
brähmaëas work.
TEXT 43
XaaEYa| TaeJaae Da*iTadaR+Ya& YauÖe caPYaPal/aYaNaMa( )
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From Bhagwad Gita => : Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
daNaMaqìr>aavê +aa}a& k-MaR Sv>aavJaMa( )) 43 ))
çauryaà tejo dhåtir däkñyaà
yuddhe cäpy apaläyanam
dänam éçvara-bhävaç ca
kñätraà karma svabhäva-jam
SYNONYMS
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From Bhagwad Gita => : çauryam—heroism; tejaù—power; dhåtiù—determination;
däkñyam—resourcefulness; yuddhe—in battle; ca—and; api—also;
apaläyanam—not fleeing; dänam—generosity; éçvara—of leadership;
bhävaù—the nature; ca—and; kñätram—of a kñatriya; karma—duty;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : svabhäva-jam—born of his own nature.
TRANSLATION
Heroism, power, determination, resourcefulness, courage in battle,
generosity and leadership are the natural qualities of work for the kñatriyas.
TEXT 44
k*-izGaaer+Yavai<aJYa& vEXYak-MaR Sv>aavJaMa( )
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From Bhagwad Gita => : PaircYaaRTMak&- k-MaR éUd]SYaaiPa Sv>aavJaMa( )) 44 ))
kåñi-go-rakñya-väëijyaà
vaiçya-karma svabhäva-jam
paricaryätmakaà karma
çüdrasyäpi svabhäva-jam
SYNONYMS
kåñi—plowing; go—of cows; rakñya—protection; väëijyam—trade; vaiçya—of a
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From Bhagwad Gita => : vaiçya; karma—duty; svabhäva-jam—born of his own nature;
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
paricaryä—service; ätmakam—consisting of; karma—duty; çüdrasya—of the
çüdra; api—also; svabhäva-jam—born of his own nature.
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From Bhagwad Gita => : TRANSLATION
Farming, cow protection and business are the natural work for the vaiçyas,
and for the çüdras there is labor and service to others.
TEXT 45
Sve Sve k-MaR<Yai>arTa" Sa&iSaiÖ& l/>aTae Nar" )
Svk-MaRiNarTa" iSaiÖ& YaQaa ivNdiTa TaC^*<au )) 45 ))
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From Bhagwad Gita => : sve sve karmaëy abhirataù
saàsiddhià labhate naraù
sva-karma-nirataù siddhià
yathä vindati tac chåëu
SYNONYMS
sve sve—each his own; karmaëi—work; abhirataù—following;
saàsiddhim—perfection; labhate—achieves; naraù—a man; sva-karma—in his
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From Bhagwad Gita => : own duty; nirataù—engaged; siddhim—perfection; yathä—as; vindati—attains;
tat—that; çåëu—listen.
TRANSLATION
By following his qualities of work, every man can become perfect. Now
please hear from Me how this can be done.
TEXT 46
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From Bhagwad Gita => : YaTa" Pa[v*ita>aURTaaNaa& YaeNa SavRiMad& TaTaMa( )
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
Svk-MaR<aa TaMa>YaCYaR iSaiÖ& ivNdiTa MaaNav" )) 46 ))
yataù pravåttir bhütänäà
yena sarvam idaà tatam
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From Bhagwad Gita => : sva-karmaëä tam abhyarcya
siddhià vindati mänavaù
SYNONYMS
yataù—from whom; pravåttiù—the emanation; bhütänäm—of all living
entities; yena—by whom; sarvam—all; idam—this; tatam—is pervaded;
sva-karmaëä—by his own duties; tam—Him; abhyarcya—by worshiping;
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From Bhagwad Gita => : siddhim—perfection; vindati—achieves; mänavaù—a man.
TRANSLATION
By worship of the Lord, who is the source of all beings and who is
all-pervading, a man can attain perfection through performing his own work.
PURPORT
As stated in the Fifteenth Chapter, all living beings are fragmental parts
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From Bhagwad Gita => : and parcels of the Supreme Lord. Thus the Supreme Lord is the beginning of
all living entities. This is confirmed in the Vedänta-sütra—janmädy asya yataù
[SB 1.1.1]. The Supreme Lord is therefore the beginning of life of every living
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From Bhagwad Gita => : entity. And as stated in the Seventh Chapter of Bhagavad-gétä, the Supreme
Lord, by His two energies, His external energy and internal energy, is
all-pervading. Therefore one should worship the Supreme Lord with His
energies. Generally the Vaiñëava devotees worship the Supreme Lord with His
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From Bhagwad Gita => : internal energy. His external energy is a perverted reflection of the internal
energy. The external energy is a background, but the Supreme Lord by the
expansion of His plenary portion as Paramätmä is situated everywhere. He is
the Supersoul of all demigods, all human beings, all animals, everywhere. One
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From Bhagwad Gita => : should therefore know that as part and parcel of the Supreme Lord one has his
Copyright © 1998 The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust Int'l. All Rights Reserved.
duty to render service unto the Supreme. Everyone should be engaged in
devotional service to the Lord in full Kåñëa consciousness. That is
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