英语不规则动词

英语中有大约 200 个不规则动词，如果把前缀派生词也计算在内的话，则会更多。在大多数情况下，不规则动词的不规则性体现在过去式和过去分词上。

通常来说，不规则动词的第三人称单数和现在分词的屈折变化（分别是加 -[e]s 或 -ing 后缀）是规则的，但也有一些例外：如动词 be, have, do, go, say 等。有些情态动词则没有部分屈折形态。

英语中的不规则动词包含了日常生活中最常用的动词。英语中的新词（如外来词）往往遵循一般的屈折变化，除非它们的词根是一个不规则动词（如 housesit 遵循和 sit 一样的不规则屈折变化）。

现代英语中的许多不规则动词由日耳曼语强变化动词派生而来，这些动词往往通过元音变换来体现屈折形式，比如现代英语中 sing-sang-sung。相对的，规则动词在词尾加 -ed 的屈折变化，则是来源于日耳曼语弱变化动词在词尾加齿音（-t 或 -d）的习惯。

有关动词英语中规则动词变位的信息，可参见英语动词条目。

列表 
本列表包含 204 个标签现代英语中常用的不规则动词。罕用的、仅在方言中使用的，或是参古旧的用法不包含在此列表内。通过给基础动词加上前缀形成的大部分动词（如 unbend, understand, mistake 等）也不包含在内。不收录非限定动词（如 clad, sodden 等）。

完整的列表请参见英语不规则动词列表。每个单词的发音及释义，请参见维基词典。

a- : for abide, arise, awake, see bide, rise, wake 
be (am, is, are) – was, were – been
be- : for become, befall, beset, etc. see come, fall, set, etc. 
bear – bore – borne [spelt born in passive and adjectival uses relating to birth]
beat – beat – beaten
beget – begot – begot(ten) [Biblical past tense: begat]
begin – began – begun
bend – bent – bent
bet – bet – bet [past tense and participle also sometimes betted]
beware – [defective]
bid – bid – bid [as in an auction]
bid – bade/bid – bidden/bid [meaning "request"]
bide – bided/bode – bided/bidden [but abide mostly uses the regular forms only]
bind – bound – bound
bite – bit – bitten
bleed – bled – bled
blow – blew – blown
break – broke – broken
breed – bred – bred
bring – brought – brought
build – built – built
burn – burnt/burned – burnt/burned
burst – burst – burst
buy – bought – bought
can – could [defective]
cast – cast – cast [prefixed forms broadcast, forecast, etc. sometimes take -ed]
catch – caught – caught
choose – chose – chosen
clad – clad/cladded – clad/cladded [clad is also sometimes used as past form of clothe]
cleave – clove/cleft – cloven/cleft [but regular when meaning "adhere"]
cling – clung – clung
come – came – come
cost – cost – cost [but regular when meaning "calculate the cost of"]
creep – crept/creeped – crept/creeped
crow – crowed/crew – crowed [crew normally used only of a cock's crowing]
cut – cut – cut
dare – regular except for possible third person singular present dare
deal – dealt – dealt
dig – dug – dug
dive – dived/dove – dived [the form dove is chiefly American]
do (does ) – did – done
drag – dragged/drug – dragged/drug [the form drug is chiefly dialectal]
draw – drew – drawn
dream – dreamed/dreamt – dreamed/dreamt
drink – drank – drunk
drive – drove – driven
dwell – dwelt/dwelled – dwelt/dwelled
eat – ate – eaten
fall – fell – fallen
feed – fed – fed
feel – felt – felt
fight – fought – fought
find – found – found
fit – fit/fitted – fit/fitted
flee – fled – fled
fling – flung – flung
fly – flew – flown [the form flied is common in the baseball sense]
for(e)- : for forgo, foresee, etc. see go, see, etc. 
forbid – forbade/forbid – forbidden
forget – forgot – forgotten
forsake – forsook – forsaken
freeze – froze – frozen
get – got – gotten/got [past participle got in British English, gotten in American, but see have got]
gild – gilded/gilt – gilded/gilt
give – gave – given
go – went – gone [see also have been]
grind – ground – ground
grow – grew – grown
hang – hung/hanged – hung/hanged [the form hanged is more common in the sense of execution by hanging]
have (has) – had – had
hear – heard – heard
hew – hewed – hewn/hewed
hide – hid – hidden
hit – hit – hit
hoist – hoist/hoisted – hoist/hoisted
hold – held – held
hurt – hurt – hurt
in- : for inlay, input, etc. see lay, put, etc. 
inter- : for interlay, interweave, etc. see lay, weave, etc. 
keep – kept – kept
kneel – knelt/kneeled – knelt/kneeled
knit – knit/knitted – knit/knitted
know – knew – known
lay – laid – laid
lead – led – led
lean – leaned/leant – leaned/leant
leap – leaped/leapt – leaped/leapt
learn – learned/learnt – learned/learnt
leave – left – left
lend – lent – lent
let – let – let
lie – lay – lain [but regular when meaning "tell an untruth"]
light – lit/lighted – lit/lighted
lose – lost – lost
make – made – made
may – might [defective]
mean – meant – meant
meet – met – met
mis- : for misspeak, mistake, etc. see speak, take, etc. 
mow – mowed – mowed/mown
must – [defective]
need – regular except for possible third person singular present need
off- : for offset see set, etc.
ought – [defective]
out- : for outbid, output, etc. see bid, put, etc.
over- : for overbid, overdo, etc. see bid, do, etc.
pay – paid – paid [but sometimes spelt regularly when meaning "let out" (rope etc.)]
plead – pleaded/pled – pleaded/pled
pre- : for prepay, preset, etc. see pay, set, etc.
prove – proved – proved/proven
put – put – put
quit – quit – quit
re- : for redo, remake, etc. see do, make, etc.
read  – read  – read 
rend – rent – rent
rid – rid/ridded – rid/ridded/ridden
ride – rode – ridden
ring – rang – rung
rise – rose – risen
run – ran – run
saw – sawed – sawn/sawed
say (says ) – said – said
see – saw – seen
seek – sought – sought
sell – sold – sold
send – sent – sent
set – set – set
sew – sewed – sewn/sewed
shake – shook – shaken
shall – should [defective]
shear – sheared/shore – shorn/sheared
shed – shed – shed
shine – shone/shined – shone/shined
shit – shat/shit/shitted – shat/shit/shitted
shoe – shoed/shod – shoed/shod
shoot – shot – shot
show – showed – shown/showed
shrink – shrank/shrunk – shrunk
shrive – shrove – shriven 
shut – shut – shut
sing – sang – sung
sink – sank – sunk
sit – sat – sat
slay – slew/slayed – slain/slayed
sleep – slept – slept
slide – slid – slid
sling – slung – slung
slink – slunk – slunk
slit – slit – slit
smell – smelled/smelt – smelled/smelt
smite – smote – smitten
sneak – sneaked/snuck – sneaked/snuck [snuck is chiefly American, is regarded as informal and is only cited from 1887]
sow – sowed – sown/sowed
speak – spoke – spoken
speed – sped/speeded – sped/speeded
spell – spelled/spelt – spelled/spelt
spend – spent – spent
spill – spilled/spilt – spilled/spilt
spin – spun – spun
spit – spat/spit – spat/spit [the form spit rather than spat is common in America]
split – split – split
spoil – spoiled/spoilt – spoiled/spoilt
spread – spread – spread
spring – sprang/sprung – sprung
stand – stood – stood
stave – staved/stove – staved/stove
steal – stole – stolen
stick – stuck – stuck
sting – stung – stung
stink – stank – stunk
strew – strewed – strewn/strewed
stride – strode – stridden/strode
strike – struck – struck/stricken
string – strung – strung
strive – strove/strived – striven/strived
swear – swore – sworn
sweat – sweated/sweat – sweated/sweat
sweep – swept – swept
swell – swelled – swollen/swelled
swim – swam – swum
swing – swung – swung
take – took – taken
teach – taught – taught
tear – tore – torn
tell – told – told
think – thought – thought
throw – threw – thrown
thrust – thrust/thrusted – thrust/thrusted
tread – trod – trodden/trod
un- : for unbend, unweave, etc. see bend, weave, etc.
under- : for underlie, undergo, understand, etc. see lie, go, stand, etc.
up- : for upset see set, etc.
wake – woke – woken
wear – wore – worn
weave – wove – woven
wed – wed/wedded – wed/wedded
weep – wept – wept
wet – wet/wetted – wet/wetted
will – would [defective]
win – won – won
wind – wound – wound [but regular in the meanings connected with air and breath]
with- : for withdraw, withhold, withstand, see draw, hold, stand
wring – wrang/wrung – wrung
write – wrote – written

引用来源

外部链接 
  维基词典：英语不规则动词表

英語語法