双椭圆曲线确定性随机比特生成器

双椭圆曲线确定性随机比特生成器（Dual Elliptic Curve Deterministic Random Bit Generator，Dual_EC_DRBG） ，是一种使用椭圆曲线密码学实现的密码学安全伪随机数生成器（CSPRNG）。该算法自2006年6月左右被公开，尽管受到了大量密码学家们的批评，并被认为存在潜在的后门，但直到2017年被撤销之前，Dual_EC_DRBG在七年的时间内都是NIST SP 800-90A定义的4个（现为3个）标准的CSPRNG之一。

参见 
 密码学安全伪随机数生成器
 随机数生成器攻击
 Crypto AG：一家主要从事通信和信息安全的瑞士公司，该公司长期受美国中央情报局与德国联邦情报局的直接控制，并在其加密机中插入后门。

参考文献

外部链接 
 NIST SP 800-90A - Recommendation for Random Number Generation Using Deterministic Random Bit Generators
 Dual EC DRBG - Collection of Dual_EC_DRBG information, by Daniel J. Bernstein, Tanja Lange, and Ruben Niederhagen.
 On the Practical Exploitability of Dual EC in TLS Implementations - Key research paper by Stephen Checkoway et al.
 The prevalence of kleptographic attacks on discrete-log based cryptosystems - Adam L. Young, Moti Yung (1997)
 United States Patent Application Publication  on the Dual_EC_DRBG backdoor, and ways to negate the backdoor.
 Comments on Dual-EC-DRBG/NIST SP 800-90, Draft December 2005 Kristian Gjøsteen's March 2006 paper concluding that Dual_EC_DRBG is predictable, and therefore insecure.
 A Security Analysis of the NIST SP 800-90 Elliptic Curve Random Number Generator Daniel R. L. Brown and Kristian Gjøsteen's 2007 security analysis of Dual_EC_DRBG. Though at least Brown was aware of the backdoor (from his 2005 patent), the backdoor is not explicitly mentioned. Use of non-backdoored constants and a greater output bit truncation than Dual_EC_DRBG specifies are assumed.
 On the Possibility of a Back Door in the NIST SP800-90 Dual Ec Prng Dan Shumow and Niels Ferguson's presentation, which made the potential backdoor widely known.
 The Many Flaws of Dual_EC_DRBG - Matthew Green's simplified explanation of how and why the backdoor works.
 A few more notes on NSA random number generators - Matthew Green
 Sorry, RSA, I'm just not buying it - Summary and timeline of Dual_EC_DRBG and public knowledge.
 [Cfrg] Dual_EC_DRBG ... [was RE: Requesting removal of CFRG co-chair] A December 2013 email by Daniel R. L. Brown defending Dual_EC_DRBG and the standard process.

已攻破的密码算法
陰謀論
Kleptography
國家標準技術研究所
美国国家安全局
伪随机数生成器