فهرست موضوعات در آناتومی گری: عصب‌شناسی

فهرست زیر فصل نهم آناتومی گری نسخهٔ ۱۹۱۸ میلادی است

ساختار دستگاه عصبی ()

تار عصبی
 ماده خاکستری و ماده سفید

یاختهٔ گلیال
 یاخته‌های عصبی
 یاخته‌های تک‌قطبی
 یاخته‌های دوقطبی
 یاخته‌های چندقطبی
 یاخته‌های هرمی

یاخته‌های عصبی
 axis-cylinder process یا آسه
 protoplasmic processes یا دارینه
 cyton
 جسم نیسل

یاخته‌های عصبی
 cone of origin
 تار عصبی
 medullated fibers یا کلاژن

medullated fibers یا کلاژن
 white substance of Schwann یا غلاف میلین
 neurolemma, primitive sheath یا nucleated sheath of Schwann
 axis-cylinder
 primitive fibrillae of Schultze
 کراتین (پروتئین)

medullated fibers یا کلاژن
 غلاف میلین یا white matter of Schwann

medullated fibers یا کلاژن
 گره رانویه
 internodal segment
 Ranvier's crosses
 Frommann's lines
 medullary segments یا segments of Lantermann
 neurolemma یا primitive sheath
 فساد والرین

Non-medullated Fibers
 Gray or gelatinous nerve fibers (fibers of Remak)
 ساختار دستگاه عصبی پیرامونی و گانگلیون
 cerebrospinal nerves
 تار عصبی
 دسته عصبی
 epineurium
 perineurium
 endoneurium
 vasomotor fibers
 spheroidal tactile corpuscles یا end bulbs of Krause
 nervi nervorum
 plexus

ساختار دستگاه عصبی پیرامونی و گانگلیون
 دستگاه عصبی سمپاتیک
 sensory nerves یا centripetal nerves یا فیبر عصبی آوران
 centrifugal nerves یا وابران
 Origins and Terminations of عصب محیطی

origins or central terminations و peripheral terminations
 Origins of nerves
 superficial origin یا apparent origin
 deep origin یا real origin
 Peripheral terminations of nerves
 نورون حرکتی
 تماس عصبی-ماهیچه‌ای
 گانگلیون

Neuron theory
 یاخته‌های عصبی
 synapse یا سیناپس (زیست‌شناسی)
 دسته عصبی،  tracts or fiber systems

رشد دستگاه عصبی ()

طناب نخاعی

طناب نخاعی
 Roof-plate of طناب نخاعی
 Floor-plate of طناب نخاعی
 layers
 Ependymal layer
 Marginal layer
 Mantle layer
 Spongioblasts
 germinal cells
 Neuroblasts

Dorsal lamina (Alar lamina)
 Ventral lamina (غشای پایه)
 بطن انتهایی
 Oval bundle
 filum terminale

عصب نخاعی

عصب نخاعی

ganglion ridge (neural crest)
 عصب نخاعی

Brain

Brain

ventral cephalic flexure
 cervical flexure
 pontine flexure

پس‌مغز یا پس‌مغز

پس‌مغز
 isthmus rhombencephali
 مغز پیشاپسین
 Myelencephalon

پیاز مغز
 tractus solitarius
 oval bundle
 rhombic lip

Rhombic grooves
 پل مغز: زیست‌شناسی رشد of:
 مخچه: زیست‌شناسی رشد of:
 Fissura prima (cerebellum)
 Fissura secunda (cerebellum)

Floccular fissure
 post-nodular fissure
 incisura fastigii

مغز میانی

مغز میانی

پیشامغز

پیشامغز

optic vesicles
 optic stalks
 lamina terminalis
 مخ

مغز میانجی

مغز میانجی
 تالاموس

metathalamus
 epithalamus
 posterior commissure
 غده صنوبری (recessus pinealis)
 pars mamillaris hypothalami

مخ

مخ

pars optica hypothalami
 نیم‌کره مغزی
 rhinencephalon
 نوقشر
 external rhinal fissure

corpus striatum
 caudate nucleus
 lentiform nucleus
 نوقشر
 بطن‌های طرفی
 داس مغز

hippocampal fissure
 هیپوکمپوس
 Commissures
  Hippocampal commissure

Commissures
 جسم پینه‌ای
 fornix
 anterior commissures
 septum pellucidum

Fissures and Sulci

central sulcus
 intraparietal sulcus
 cingulate sulcus
 lateral cerebral sulcus (Sylvian fissure)
 Sylvian fossa

زیست‌شناسی رشد of اعصاب مغزی
 tractus solitarius
 oval bundle

طناب نخاعی یا طناب نخاعی ()

طناب نخاعی یا طناب نخاعی
 مخروط انتهایی
 filum terminale
 سخت‌شامه
 epidural cavity
 subdural cavity
 arachnoid

subarachnoid cavity
 نرم‌شامه
 ligamentum denticulatum
 spinal ganglion
 spinal segments (Neuromeres)
 دم اسب (نخاع)
 filum terminale
 filum terminale internum
 filum terminale externum

Enlargements of طناب نخاعی

Enlargements of طناب نخاعی
 cervical enlargement
 lumbar enlargement

Fissures and Sulci

Anterior median fissure (fissura mediana anterior)
 Posterior median sulcus (sulcus medianus posterior)
 posterolateral sulcus
 posterior funiculus
 postero-intermediate sulcus
 fasciculus gracilis (tract of Goll)
 fasciculus cuneatus (tract of Burdach)

antero-lateral region
 anterior funiculus
 lateral funiculus
 Internal ساختار طناب نخاعی

ماده خاکستری

ماده خاکستری (substantia grisea centralis)
 مجرای مرکزی طناب نخاعی
 Anterior column (columna anterior; anterior cornu)
 lateral column (columna lateralis; lateral cornu)
 Posterior column (columna posterior; posterior cornu)
 tract of Lissauer
 substantia gelatinosa of Rolando

Posterior column (columna posterior; posterior cornu)
 ساخت شبکه‌ای
 مجرای مرکزی طناب نخاعی (canalis centralis)
 anterior gray commissure
 posterior gray commissure
 بطن انتهایی
 substantia gelatinosa centralis

association neurons یا intersegmental neurons
 crossed commissural fibers

یاخته‌های عصبی in Anterior column
 antero-medial column

یاخته‌های عصبی in Anterior column
 dorso-medial column
 یاخته‌های عصبی in Lateral column
 lateral nucleus

یاخته‌های عصبی in Lateral column
 preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic system
 یاخته‌های عصبی in Posterior column
 dorsal nucleus (nucleus dorsalis; column of Clarke)
 cervical nucleus
 sacral nucleus
 dorsal spinocerebellar fasciculus (direct cerebellar)
 nerve cells in the substantia gelatinosa of Rolando
 Solitary cells
 posterior basal column

ماده سفید

ماده سفید (substantia alba)

Nerve fasciculi
 فساد والرین
 descending degeneration
 ascending degeneration
 دسته عصبی in anterior funiculus
 Descending fasciculi
 anterior cerebrospinal (fasciculus cerebrospinalis anterior; direct pyramidal tract)

دسته عصبی in anterior funiculus
 Descending fasciculi
 vestibulospinal fasciculus
 tectospinal fasciculus
 Ascending fasciculi
 ventral spinothalamic fasciculus
 anterior proper fasciculus (fasciculus anterior proprius; anterior basis bundle)
 دسته عصبی in lateral funiculus
 Descending fasciculi
 lateral cerebrospinal fasciculus (fasciculus cerebrospinalis lateralis; crossed pyramidal tract)

دسته عصبی in lateral funiculus
 Descending fasciculi
 rubrospinal fasciculus (Monakow) (prepyramidal tract)
 olivospinal fasciculus (Helweg)
 Ascending fasciculi
 dorsal spinocerebellar fasciculus (fasciculus cerebellospinalis; direct cerebellar tract of Flechsig)
 superficial antero-lateral fasciculus (tract of Gowers)
 ventral spinocerebellar fasciculus (Gowers)

دسته عصبی in lateral funiculus
 Ascending fasciculi
 lateral spinothalamic fasciculus
 راه نخاعی-تالاموسی یا راه نخاعی-تالاموسی
 spinotectal fasciculus (spino-quadrigeminal system of Mott)
 fasciculus of Lissauer
 lateral proper fasciculus (fasciculus lateralis proprius; lateral basis bundle)
 medial longitudinal fasciculus
 دسته عصبی in Posterior funiculus
 fasciculus gracilis (tract of Goll)

دسته عصبی in Posterior funiculus
 fasciculus cuneatus (tract of Burdach)

دسته عصبی in Posterior funiculus
 Posterior proper fasciculus (Posterior ground bundle, Posterior basis bundle)
 descending fibers occupy different parts at different levels
 Comma-shaped fasciculus
 Dorsal peripheral band
 Oval area of Flechsig
 triangular strand
 Roots of spinal nerves

brain یا مغز ()

Brain (مغز)
 Brain: divisions of:
 Cerebral aqueduct (Aqueduct of Sylvius)

پس‌مغز یا پس‌مغز ()

چادرینه مخچه
 myelencephalon
 مغز پیشاپسین
 isthmus rhombencephali

Myelencephalon

پیاز مغز (spinal bulb)
 Anterior median fissure (fissura mediana anterior; ventral or ventromedian fissure)
 foramen cecum
 pyramidal decussation
 anterior external arcuate fibers
 Posterior median fissure (fissura mediana posterior; dorsal or dorsomedian fissure)

antero-lateral sulcus
 postero-lateral sulcus

Myelencephalon: anterior district of پیاز مغز

pyramid of medulla oblongata (pyramis medullæ oblongatæ)
 pyramidal decussation

medial longitudinal fasciculus

Myelencephalon: lateral district

زیتون (oliva; olivary body)

Myelencephalon: posterior district of پیاز مغز - lower part

fasciculus gracilis
 fasciculus cuneatus
 clava
 nucleus gracilis
 cuneate tubercle
 nucleus cuneatus

tubercle of Rolando (tuber cinereum)

Myelencephalon: posterior district of پیاز مغز - upper part

inferior peduncle
 restiform bodies
 striæ medullares

Myelencephalon: Cerebrospinal دسته عصبی

nucleus ambiguus

fasciculus gracilis
 fasciculus cuneatus

medial nucleus
 lateral nucleus
 lemniscus (fillet)
 decussation of the lemniscus (sensory decussation)

locus cæruleus
 dorsal spinocerebellar fasciculus (fasciculus cerebellospinalis; direct cerebellar tract)
 proper fasciculi (basis bundles)

medial longitudinal fasciculus

Myelencephalon: Gray Substance of پیاز مغز

hypoglossal nucleus
 trigonum hypoglossi
 nucleus ambiguus

dorsal nucleus
 sensory nucleus

dorsal nucleus
 ala cinerea (trigonum vagi)
 nucleus of the cochlear nerve و nucleus of the vestibular nerve
 olivary nuclei
 inferior olivary nucleus
 hilum
 peduncle of the olive
 olivocerebellar fibers
 medial accessory olivary nucleus

olivary nuclei
 dorsal accessory olivary nucleus

Myelencephalon: Inferior peduncle (restiform body)

dorsal spinocerebellar fasciculus
 olivocerebellar fibers
 Internal arcuate fibers
 anterior external arcuate fibers
 nucleus arcuatus

posterior external arcuate fibers

terminal sensory nuclei
 ventral spinocerebellar fasciculus
 مخچه

Myelencephalon: ساخت شبکه‌ای

reticularis alba
 reticularis grisea
 inferior central nucleus (nucleus of Roller)
 nucleus lateralis
 lemniscus
 medial longitudinal fasciculus

fasciculus solitarius

مغز پیشاپسین - پل مغز

پل مغز (pons Varoli)
 tænia pontis
 anterior surface (pars basilaris pontis)
 middle peduncle
 sulcus basilaris
 posterior surface (pars dorsalis pontis)
 basilar part of the pons
 superficial transverse fibers (fibræ pontis superficiales)
 deep transverse fibers (fibræ pontis profundæ)
 longitudinal fasciculi (fasciculi longitudinales)

basilar part of the pons
 nuclei pontis
 Tegmental part of pons

Tegmental part of pons
 trapezoid body
 trapezoid nucleus
 medial longitudinal fasciculus
 pontine nuclei
 superior olivary nucleus (nucleus olivaris superior)
 nuclei of the trigeminal nerve (nuclei n. trigemini)
 motor nucleus
 mesencephalic root
 sensory nucleus
 nucleus of the abducent nerve (nucleus n. abducentis)
 nucleus of the facial nerve (nucleus n. fascialis)
 colliculus facialis

Tegmental part of pons
 pontine nuclei
 nucleus of the cochlear nerve
 lateral cochlear nucleus
 accessory cochlear nucleus
 nuclei of the vestibular nerve
 chief vestibular nucleus
 spinal vestibular nucleus
 nucleus of Deiters
 nucleus of Bechterew
 medial nucleus
 area acustica
 lateral nucleus

مغز پیشاپسین - مخچه

مخچه
 Lobes of مخچه
 کرمینه (مخچه)
 vallecula cerebelli
 superior vermis
 inferior vermis
 posterior cerebellar notch
 anterior cerebellar notch

horizontal sulcus
 upper surface of the cerebellum
 lingula (lingula cerebelli)
 Lobulus Centralis and Alæ (wing)
 lobulus centralis
 precentral fissure
 ala lobuli centralis
 Monticulus و Quadrangular lobules
 monticulus
 postcentral fissure
 quadrangular lobule
 preclival fissure

Monticulus و Quadrangular lobules
 culmen
 clivus
 lobus culminis
 lobus clivi
 Folium vermis و Superior semilunar lobule
 folium vermis (folium cacuminis; cacuminal lobe)
 superior semilunar lobule (lobulus semilunaris superior; postero-superior lobules)
 horizontal sulcus
 lobus semilunaris
 under surface of the cerebellum
 inferior vermis
 sulcus valleculæ
 nodule
 زبان کوچک
 هرم
 tuber vermis
 flocculus
 tonsilla cerebelli
 biventral lobule
 inferior semilunar lobule
 postnodular fissure
 prepyramidal fissure
 postpyramidal fissure
 Nodule و Flocculus
 nodule (nodulus vermis; nodular lobe)

Nodule و Flocculus
 posterior medullary velum
 flocculus
 lobus noduli
 زبان کوچک و Tonsilla
 زبان کوچک (uvula vermis; uvular lobe)
 sulcus valleculæ
 furrowed band
 tonsilla (tonsilla cerebelli; amygdaline nucleus)
 bird's nest (nidus avis)
 lobus uvulæ
 lobus pyramidis
 biventral lobule
 Tuber vermis (tuber valvulæ)
 Inferior semilunar lobule (lobulus semilunaris inferior; postero-superior lobule)
 lobus tuberus (tuberæ lobe)
 ماده سفید
 dentate nucleus
 arbor vitæ
 الیاف پرتابی

الیاف پرتابی
 superior cerebellar peduncles (brachia conjunctiva)

الیاف پرتابی
 ventral spinocerebellar fasciculus
 middle cerebellar peduncles (brachia pontis)
 superior fasciculus
 inferior fasciculus
 deep fasciculus
 inferior cerebellar peduncles (restiform bodies)
 anterior medullary velum (velum medullare anterius; valve of Vieussens; superior medullary velum)

الیاف پرتابی
 posterior medullary velum (velum medullare posterius; inferior medullary velum)
 Fibrae propriae
 commissural fibers
 arcuate fibers (الیاف محدود به هر نیم‌کره)
 ماده خاکستری
 gray substance of the cortex
 Microscopic Appearance of قشر مغز
 cells of Purkinje
 external gray layer
 basket cells

Microscopic Appearance of قشر مغز
 internal rust-colored layer (nuclear layer)

Microscopic Appearance of قشر مغز
 moss fibers
 tendril fibers
 independent centers of gray substance
 nucleus dentatus
 nucleus emboliformis
 nucleus globosus
 nucleus fastigii

بطن چهارم

بطن چهارم (ventriculus quartus)
 Roof or Dorsal Wall
 superior peduncle
 anterior medullary velum
 posterior medullary velum
 taeniae of the fourth ventricle (ligulae)
 obex
 epithelial lining of the ventricle
 tela chorioidea of the fourth ventricle
 taeniae of the fourth ventricle (taenia ventriculi quarti; ligula)

Roof or Dorsal Wall
 Cornucopia of Bochdalek
 obex
 tela chorioidea of the fourth ventricle
 Choroid plexuses
 Openings in the Roof
 medial aperture (foramen Majendii)
 lateral apertures (foramina of Luschka)
 Rhomboid fossa (fossa rhomboidea; "floor" of the fourth ventricle)

Rhomboid fossa (fossa rhomboidea; "floor" of the fourth ventricle)
 calamus scriptorius
 median sulcus
 medial eminence
 sulcus limitans
 colliculus facialis
 trigonum hypoglossi
 nucleus intercalatus
 sulcus limitans

Rhomboid fossa (fossa rhomboidea; "floor" of the fourth ventricle)
 locus cæruleus
 substantia ferruginea
 superior fovea
 inferior fovea
 area acustica
 tuberculum acusticum
 striae medullares
 ala cinerea
 funiculus separans
 ناحیه پوسترما

مغز میانی یا مغز میانی ()

Cerebral peduncles

cerebral peduncles (pedunculus cerebri; crus cerebri)
 interpeduncular fossa
 posterior perforated substance
 interpeduncular ganglion

cerebral peduncles
 Oculomotor sulcus
 lateral sulcus

base (basis pedunculi; crusta or pes)
 cerebrospinal fibers
 frontopontine fibers
 temporopontine fibers
 توده سیاه (intercalatum)
 کلاهک
 ماده خاکستری
 هسته قرمز
 interpeduncular ganglion

ماده سفید
 medial longitudinal fasciculus
 Deiters's nucleus (lateral vestibular nucleus)
 vestibulospinal fasciculus
 ventral longitudinal bundle
 tectospinal fasciculus
 medial lemniscus

central tract of the cranial nerves

thalamic tract of the cranial nerves
 central tract of the trigeminal nerve
 rubrospinal tract (bundle of Monakow)
 lateral lemniscus (lemniscus lateralis)

Corpora quadrigemina

corpora quadrigemina
 pulvinar
 غده صنوبری
 frenulum veli
 brachium
 superior brachium

brachium
 lateral geniculate body
 inferior brachium
 medial geniculate body
 inferior colliculus (colliculus inferior; inferior quadrigeminal body; postgemina)
 superior colliculus (colliculus superior; superior quadrigeminal body; pregemina)
 stratum zonale
 stratum cinereum
 stratum opticum
 stratum lemnisci
 gray-white layers
 fountain decussation of Meynert

Cerebral aqueduct

cerebral aqueduct (aqueductus cerebri; aqueduct of Sylvius)
 ventricle of the mid-brain
 ماده خاکستری اطراف مجرا

nucleus of the trigeminal nerve
 nucleus of the oculomotor nerve
 nucleus of the trochlear nerve

fore-brain یا پیشامغز ()

مغز میانجی/تالاموس

مغز میانجی

تالاموس

مغز میانجی/تالاموس - تالاموس

تالاموس (optic thalamus)
 extremities
 anterior extremity
 posterior extremity
 Pulvinar
 lateral geniculate body
 medial geniculate body
 superior surface
 stratum zonale
 stria terminalis

superior surface
 taenia thalami
 sulcus habenulae
 Trigonum habenulæ
 inferior surface
 subthalamic tegmental region
 substantia innominata of Meynert
 medial surface
 massa intermedia (middle commissure یا gray commissure of brain)
 رویه پهلویی

سازه of تالاموس
 stratum zonale
 lateral medullary lamina
 medial medullary lamina
 connections of تالاموس
 thalamomammillary fasciculus (bundle of Vicq d’Azyr)

تالاموس: stalks of
 anterior stalk
 posterior stalk
 inferior stalk
 parietal stalk

مغز میانجی/تالاموس - Metathalamus

Metathalamus
 geniculate bodies
 medial geniculate body (corpus geniculatum mediale; internal geniculate body; postgeniculatum)
 lateral geniculate body (corpus geniculatum laterale; external geniculate body; pregeniculatum)

Metathalamus
 lower visual centers

مغز میانجی/تالاموس - Epithalamus

Epithalamus (see also Habenula و Habenular nuclei)
 trigonum habenulæ
 ganglion habenulæ
 habenular commissure
 fasciculus retroflexus
 غده صنوبری (corpus pineale; epiphysis)
 stalk of the pineal body
 posterior commissure
 nucleus of the posterior commissure (nucleus of Darkschewitsch)

مغز میانجی/تالاموس - زیرنهنج

زیرنهنج
 subthalamic tegmental region
 stratum dorsale
 zona incerta
 corpus subthalamicum (nucleus of Luys)

greater part of the floor of بطن سوم
 corpora mammillaria (corpus albicantia)
 thalamomammillary fasciculus (bundle of Vicq d'Azyr)
 tuber cinereum
 lamina terminalis
 infundibulum
 basal optic nucleus of Meynert
 eminentia saccularis

greater part of the floor of بطن سوم
 هیپوفیز (هیپوفیز)
 diaphragma sella
 چلیپای نوری (chiasma opticum; optic commissure)
 commissure of Gudden

مغز میانجی/Other

Optic tracts
 lower visual centers
 optic radiations
 higher visual center (cortical visual center)

بطن سوم (ventriculus tertius)
 roof
 choroid plexuses of the third ventricle
 floor

بطن سوم (ventriculus tertius)
 floor
 recessus infundibuli
 anterior boundary
 lamina terminalis
 optic recess
 فرج (عضو)
 interventricular foramen (foramen of Monro)
 posterior boundary
 recessus pinealis
 recessus suprapinealis
 lateral wall
 sulcus of Monro
 massa intermedia
 Interpeduncular fossa

مخ

مخ
 نیم‌کره مغزی

longitudinal cerebral fissure (Fissura longitudinalis)
 داس مغز
 جسم پینه‌ای
 splenium
 genu
 rostrum
 fornix
 نیم‌کره مغزی: سطح (هندسه) of:
 supero-medial border
 infero-lateral border
 superciliary border
 medial occipital border
 medial orbital border
 Poles of cerebral hemispheres
 frontal pole
 occipital pole
 temporal pole
 preoccipital notch

gyri
 Sulci و fissures of نیم‌کره مغزی
 Lateral cerebral fissure (fissura cerebri lateralis; fissure of Sylvius)
 Central sulcus (sulcus centralis; fissure of Rolando; central fissure)

Parietoöccipital fissure (fissura parietoöccipitalis)
 Calcarine fissure (fissura calcarina)
 Cingulate sulcus (sulcus cinguli; callosomarginal fissure)
 Collateral fissure (fissura collateralis)

Sulcus circularis (circuminsular fissure)
 Lobes: of نیم‌کره مغزی

مخ - لوب پیشانی

لوب پیشانی (lobus frontalis)
 precentral sulcus
 superior frontal sulcus و inferior frontal sulcus
 anterior central gyrus (gyrus centralis anterior; ascending frontal convolution; precentral gyre)
 superior frontal gyrus (gyrus frontalis superior; superfrontal gyre)

superior frontal gyrus
 paramedial sulcus
 middle frontal gyrus (gyrus frontalis medius; medifrontal gyre)
 medial frontal sulcus
 inferior frontal gyrus (gyrus frontalis inferior; subfrontal gyre)
 orbital part
 triangular part (cap of Broca)
 basilar part
 gyrus of Broca
 inferior surface یا orbital surface
 orbital sulcus
 medial gyrus
 anterior gyrus
 lateral gyrus
 posterior orbital gyrus
 olfactory sulcus
 straight gyrus
 medial surface
 marginal gyrus
 paracentral lobule

مخ - لوب آهیانه‌ای

لوب آهیانه‌ای (lobus parietalis)
 intraparietal sulcus of Turner
 postcentral sulcus

occipital ramus
 transverse occipital sulcus
 superior parietal lobule
 inferior parietal lobule
 posterior central gyrus (gyrus centralis posterior; ascending parietal convolution; postcentral gyre)
 superior parietal lobule (lobulus parietalis superior)
 arcus parietoöccipitalis
 inferior parietal lobule (lobulus parietalis inferior; subparietal district or lobule)
 subparietal sulcus
 precuneus (quadrate lobe)

مخ - لوب پس‌سری

لوب پس‌سری (lobus occipitalis)
 transverse occipital sulcus
 lateral occipital sulcus
 lingual gyrus
 fusiform gyrus (occipitotemporal convolution)

مخ - لوب گیجگاهی

لوب گیجگاهی (lobus temporalis)

transverse temporal gyri
 superior temporal sulcus
 parallel sulcus
 middle temporal sulcus
 superior temporal gyrus
 middle temporal gyrus
 inferior temporal gyrus
 inferior temporal sulcus
 fusiform gyrus

مخ - Insula

Insula (island of Reil; central lobe)
 opercula of the insula
 orbital operculum
 circular sulcus

مخ - Limbic lobe

Limbic lobe
 cingulate gyrus (gyrus cinguli; callosal convolution)
 callosal fissure
 Isthmus of cingulate gyrus

hippocampal gyrus (gyrus hippocampi)
 cingulum
 uncus
 incisura temporalis
 Hippocampal fissure (fissura hippocampi; dentate fissure)

مخ - Rhinencephalon

Rhinencephalon
 پیاز بویایی (lobus olfactorius)
 پیاز بویایی (bulbus olfactorius)
 olfactory tract (tractus olfactorius)
 lateral stria

پیاز بویایی (lobus olfactorius)
 olfactory tract (tractus olfactorius)
 medial stria
 intermediate stria
 سه‌گوشه بویایی (trigonum olfactorium)
 parolfactory area of Broca (area parolfactoria)
 anterior perforated substance (substantia perforata anterior)
 fissure prima
 Uncus
 subcallosal gyrus (gyrus subcallosus; peduncle of the corpus callosum)
 supracallosal gyrus (indusium griseum; gyrus epicallosus)
 fasciola cinerea
 fascia dentata hippocampi (gyrus dentatus)
 fimbriodentate fissure
 band of Giacomini

مخ - Interior of the Cerebral Hemispheres

centrum ovale minus
 puncta vasculosa
 جسم پینه‌ای
 labia cerebri

callosal fissure
 centrum ovale majus
 جسم پینه‌ای
 Genu of corpus callosum
 Rostrum of corpus callosum
  Splenium  of جسم پینه‌ای

جسم پینه‌ای
 supracallosal gyrus
 forceps anterior
 forceps posterior
 tapetum
 Ventricles
 بطن‌های طرفی (ventriculus lateralis)
 septum pellucidum
 interventricular foramen
 اپندیموسیت
 cornua
 central part (pars centralis ventriculi lateralis; درون‌خانه)

Ventricles
 anterior cornu (cornu anterius; anterior horn; precornu)

Ventricles
 rostrum
 posterior cornu (cornu posterius; postcornu)
 calcar avis (hippocampus minor)
 bulb of the posterior cornu
 inferior cornu (cornu inferior; descending horn; middle horn; medicornu)

هیپوکمپوس (hippocampus major)

هیپوکمپوس (hippocampus major)
 pes hippocampi
 alveus
 collateral eminence (eminentia collateralis)
 trigonum collaterale
 corpus striatum
 caudate nucleus (nucleus caudatus; caudatum)

lentiform nucleus (nucleus lentiformis; lenticular nucleus; lenticula)
 medullary laminæ
 پوسته (مغز)

globus pallidus
 corticostriate fibers
 ansa lentiformis
 claustrum
 capsula extrema (band of Baillarger)
 nucleus amygdalæ (amygdala)

کپسول داخلی (capsula interna)
 genu
 geniculate fibers
 cerebrospinal fibers

کپسول داخلی (capsula interna)
 corona radiata
 external capsule (capsula externa)
 substantia innominata of Meynert
 ansa lentiformis
 stria terminalis (tænia semicircularis)

terminal vein (vein of the corpus striatum)
 lamina affixa
 Fornix
 Columns of fornix
 crura
 body (corpus fornicis)
 psalterium (lyra)
 hippocampal commissure
 ventricle of the fornix (ventricle of Verga)
 columns (columna fornicis; anterior pillars; fornicolumns)

thalamomammillary fasciculus (bundle of Vicq d’Azyr)

olfactory fasciculus
 crura (crus fornicis; posterior pillars)
 alveus
 fimbria hippocampi
 fascia dentata hippocampi (dentate gyrus)
 fimbriodentate fissure
 Interventricular foramen (foramen of Monro)
 بافت رابط قدامی (precommissure)
 Septum pellucidum (septum lucidum)
 cavity of the septum pellucidum (cavum septi pellucidi; pseudocele; fifth ventricle)
 Choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle (plexus chorioideus ventriculus lateralis; paraplexus)

tela chorioidea of the third ventricle
 choroidal fissure
 tela chorioidea of the third ventricle (tela chorioidea ventriculi tertii; velum interpositum)

transverse fissure of the brain
 internal cerebral veins (venæ Galeni)
 great cerebral vein (vena magna Galeni)

مخ - Structure of the Cerebral Hemispheres

قشر مغز
 ماده سفید

ماده سفید
 الیاف پرتابی
 Transverse fibers یا commissural fibers
 الیاف محدود به هر نیم‌کره
 short association fibers
 long association fibers
 uncinate fasciculus
 cingulum

ماده سفید
 الیاف محدود به هر نیم‌کره
 long association fibers
 superior longitudinal fasciculus
 inferior longitudinal fasciculus
 perpendicular fasciculus
 occipitofrontal fasciculus

ماده سفید
 الیاف محدود به هر نیم‌کره
 long association fibers
 fornix
 gray substance of the hemisphere
 Structure of the Cerebral Cortex
 outer band of Baillarger یا band of Gennari
 inner band of Baillarger
 یاخته‌های عصبی
 giant cells of Betz
 cells of Golgi
 cells of Martinotti

Nerve Fibers
 Tangential fibers of قشر مغز
 plexus of Exner
 Band of Bechterew
 Band of Gennari
 Radial fibers of قشر مغز

Special Types of Cerebral Cortex
 Visual area of cerebral cortex
 Visuosensory area
 Visuopsychic area
 Motor areas of cerebral cortex

Special Types of Cerebral Cortex
 پیاز بویایی
 glomeruli
 Mitral cells

Composition and central connections of عصب نخاعی ()

typical عصب نخاعی
 somatic sensory fibers
 sympathetic afferent fibers یا sensory fibers
 somatic motor fibers
 sympathetic efferent fibers یا preganglionic fibers

Intrinsic spinal reflex paths

Sensory pathways از طناب نخاعی to Brain
 conscious muscle sense
 unconscious muscle sense

Sensory pathways از طناب نخاعی به Brain
 گیرنده درد
 impulses of temperature

Sensory pathways از طناب نخاعی to Brain
 tactile discrimination
 touch fibers
 ventral spinothalamic fasciculus
 superficial antero-lateral fasciculus (tract of Gowers)
 spinotectal fasciculus
 spino-olivary fasciculus (olivospinal; bulbospinal,  Helweg's bundle )
 دستگاه عصبی سمپاتیک فیبر عصبی آوران (visceral afferent; viscero-sensory; splanchnic afferent)
 دستگاه عصبی سمپاتیک وابران (splanchnic motor; viscero-motor; preganglionic fibers)

Composition and central connections of اعصاب مغزی ()

عصب زیرزبانی (XII cranial)
 عصب اکسسوری (XI cranial)
 عصب واگ (X cranial)
 somatic sensory fibers

عصب واگ (X cranial)
 sympathetic afferent fibers
 Taste fibers
 Somatic motor fibers
 Sympathetic efferent fibers
 عصب زبانی حلقی (IX cranial)
 somatic sensory fibers

عصب زبانی حلقی (IX cranial)
 Sympathetic afferent fibers
 Taste fibers
 Somatic motor fibers
 Sympathetic efferent fibers (motor and secretory fibers)
 عصب دهلیزی حلزونی (VIII cranial)
 عصب شنوایی
 cochlear nucleus
 striæ medullares

عصب دهلیزی حلزونی (VIII cranial)
 trapezoid body
 cochlear nucleus
 acoustic tubercle
 superior olivary nucleus
 nucleus of the trapezoid body

عصب دهلیزی حلزونی (VIII cranial)
 lateral preolivary nucleus یا semilunar nucleus
 mesial preolivary nucleus
 lateral lemniscus (lateral fillet)
 fillet of Reil
 lower and upper nuclei of lateral lemniscus
 inferior colliculi (lower or posterior quadrigeminal bodies)
 medial geniculate body
 commissure of Gudden

Vestibular nerve (vestibular root, VIII cranial)
 dorsal vestibular nucleus (medial or principal nucleus)
 inferior vestibular nucleus
 lateral vestibular nucleus (Deiters's nucleus)

Vestibular nerve (vestibular root, VIII cranial)
 superior vestibular nucleus (Bechterew's nucleus)
 عصب چهره‌ای (VII cranial)
 somatic sensory fibers
 sympathetic afferent fibers
 Taste fibers
 Somatic motor fibers
 Sympathetic efferent fibers (preganglionic fibers)
 superior salivatory nucleus
 عصب ابدوسنس (VI cranial)

عصب ابدوسنس (VI cranial)
 corticopontine fibers
 عصب سه‌قلو (V cranial)
 motor nucleus
 terminal sensory nucleus
 main sensory nucleus
 nucleus of the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve
 main sensory nucleus
 tractus spinalis
 nucleus of the tractus spinalis

عصب سه‌قلو (V cranial)
 central path of the trigeminal (trigeminothalamic tract)
 mesencephalic root (descending root of the trigeminal)
 عصب قرقره‌ای (IV cranial)
 trochlear nucleus
 عصب حرکتی چشمی (III cranial)
 oculomotor nucleus

عصب بینایی or Nerve of Sight (II cranial)

عصب بینایی or Nerve of Sight (II cranial)
 primary visual centers
 lateral geniculate body
 superior colliculus
 stratum zonale
 stratum cinereum

عصب بینایی or Nerve of Sight (II cranial)
 stratum opticum
 lateral lemniscus
 tectospinal fasciculus
 عصب بویایی (I cranial) or nerves of smell

عصب بویایی (I cranial) or nerves of smell
 lateral olfactory striæ
 medial olfactory striæ
 pars olfactoria
 intermediate olfactory striæ
 tractus olfactomesencephalicus (basal olfactory bundle of Wallenburg)
 fasciculus mammillo-tegmentalis (mammillo-tegmental bundle of Gudden)

fasciculus retroflexus of Meynert
 interpeduncular ganglion
 tegmental bundle of Gudden
 cingulum
 dentate gyrus
 هاگینه
 medial longitudinal striæ (nerves of Lancisi)
 lateral longitudinal striæ
 gyrus subcallosus and anterior perforated substance (diagonal band of Broca)

olfactory projection fibers
 alveus
 fornix
 hippocampal commissure (ventral psalterium or lyre)
 bundle of Vicq d'Azyr (mammillo-thalamic fasciculus)
 amygdaloid nucleus and tænia semicircularis (stria terminalis)

Pathways از brain to طناب نخاعی ()

Motor tract
 geniculate fibers
 cerebrospinal fibers
 decussation of the pyramids
 lateral cerebrospinal fasciculus (crossed pyramidal tract)
 anterior cerebrospinal fasciculus (direct pyramidal tract)
 نورون حرکتی فوقانی
 نورون حرکتی تحتانی
 rubrospinal fasciculus

Tectospinal fasciculus

vestibulospinal fasciculus (part of anterior marginal fasciculus یا Loewenthal's tract)
 pontospinal fasciculus (Bechterew)

شامگان of brain و طناب نخاعی ()

سخت‌شامه
 cranial dura mater (dura mater encephali; dura of the brain)

processes of سخت‌شامه
 داس مغز

processes of سخت‌شامه
 چادرینه مخچه
 Incisura tentorii
 داس مخچه
 چادر زین

Structure
 Endosteal layer of سخت‌شامه
 Meningeal layer of سخت‌شامه
 سرخرگ of سخت‌شامه
 سیاهرگ of سخت‌شامه
 عصب محیطی of سخت‌شامه
 spinal dura mater (dura mater spinalis; spinal dura)
 Subdural cavity
 فضای اپیدورال

spinal dura mater (dura mater spinalis; spinal dura)
 Structure
 سخت‌شامه: سازه of:
 Arachnoid (عنکبوتیه)
 Cranial arachnoid (Arachnoidea encephali)
 Spinal arachnoid (Arachnoidea spinalis)
 سازه of Arachnoid
  Subarachnoid cavity  ( Cavum subarachnoideale ,  Subarachnoid space )
 Subarachnoid cisternæ (Cisternæ subarachnoidales)
 Cisterna cerebellomedullaris (Cisterna magna)
 Cisterna pontis
 Cisterna interpeduncularis (Cisterna basalis)

Subarachnoid cisternæ (Cisternæ subarachnoidales)
 Cisterna chiasmatis
 Cisterna fossae cerebri lateralis
 Cisterna venae magnae cerebri
 openings
 Foramina of Majendie
  Foramina of Luschka 
 Subarachnoid septum
 Ligamentum denticulatum
 مایع مغزی-نخاعی

Arachnoid villi (Granulationes arachnoideales, Arachnoid granulations, Glandulæ Pacchioni, Pacchionian glands)
 نرم‌شامه

نرم‌شامه
 Cranial pia mater
 Spinal pia mater
 Linea splendens
 Ligamentum denticulatum
 Filum terminale
 Central ligament of medulla spinalis

ligamentum denticulatum (dentate ligament)

مایع مغزی-نخاعی ()

راه هرمی: شاره
 Dentate fissure: رباط (لیگامان)
 رباط (لیگامان) یا رباط (لیگامان): dentate

اعصاب مغزی () 

 اعصاب مغزی (Nervi cerebrales, اعصاب مغزیs)
 Nuclei: of origin of نورون حرکتی

عصب بویایی ()

عصب بویایی (Nervi olfactorii, first nerve)

عصب بینایی ()

عصب بینایی (عصب بینایی, Second nerve)
 Visual center

چلیپای نوری
 Decussation of عصب بینایی
 Commissure of Gudden

Optic tract

عصب حرکتی چشمی ()

عصب حرکتی چشمی (عصب حرکتی چشمی, Third nerve)
 Nucleus of oculomotor nerve

عصب قرقره‌ای ()

عصب قرقره‌ای (عصب قرقره‌ای, Fourth nerve)

عصب سه‌قلو ()

عصب سه‌قلو (عصب سه‌قلو, عصب سه‌قلو، عصب سه‌قلو)
 Semilunar ganglion (ganglion semilunare, Gasserian ganglion)
 Cavum Meckelii

Ophthalmic nerve

Ophthalmic nerve (Nervus ophthalmicus)
 Lacrimal nerve (Nervus lacrimalis)
 Frontal nerve (Nervus frontalis)

Frontal nerve
 Supratrochlear nerve (Nervus supratrochlearis)
 Supraorbital nerve (Nervus supraorbitalis)
 Nasociliary nerve (Nervus nasociliaris, Nasal nerve)
 Long root of ciliary ganglion (Radix longa ganglii ciliaris)
 Long ciliary nerves (Nervi ciliares longi)
 Infratrochlear nerve (Nervus infratrochlearis)
 Ethmoidal branches (Nervi ethmoidales)
 Ciliary ganglion (ophthalmic ganglion یا lenticular ganglion)
 Ciliary nerves

Short ciliary nerves

Maxillary nerve

Maxillary nerve (Nervus maxillaris, superior maxillary nerve)
 In the Cranium
 Middle meningeal nerve (Nervus meningeus medius, meningeal branch, dural branch)
 In the Pterygopalatine Fossa
 Zygomatic nerve (Nervus zygomaticus; Temporomalar nerve; Orbital nerve)

In Pterygopalatine fossa
 Zygomatic nerve (Nervus zygomaticus; Temporomalar nerve; Orbital nerve)
 Zygomaticotemporal branch
 Zygomaticofacial branch
 Sphenopalatine nerves (Nervi sphenopalatini)
 Posterior superior alveolar branches (Nervus rami alveolares superiores posteriores, posterior superior dental branches)

In Infraorbital canal
 Middle superior alveolar branch (ramus alveolaris superior medius; middle superior dental branch)
 Anterior superior alveolar branch (ramus alveolaris superior anteriores; Nervus ramus alveolaris superior anteriores, anterior superior dental branch, Anterior superior dental nerve)
 nasal branch
 On صورت
 Inferior palpebral branches (rami palpebrales inferiores; palpebral branches)
 External nasal branches (rami nasales externi, Nervus nasales externi)
 Superior labial branches (rami labiales superiores, Nervus labialis superiores, labial branches)
 Infraorbital plexus
 Sphenopalatine ganglion (ganglion of Meckel)

Sphenopalatine ganglion (ganglion of Meckel)
 Greater superficial petrosal nerve (Nervus petrosus superficialis major, Large superficial petrosal nerve)
 Deep petrosal nerve (Nervus petrosus profundus, Large deep petrosal nerve)
 Nerve of pterygoid canal (Nervus canalis pterygoidei, Vidian nerve)

Branches of Distribution
 orbital branches (rami orbitales; ascending branches)
 palatine nerves (nn. palatini; descending branches)
 anterior palatine nerve (n. palatinus anterior)
 middle palatine nerve (n. palatinus medius)
 posterior palatine nerve (n. palatinus posterior)
 posterior superior nasal branches (rami nasales posteriores superiores)
 nasopalatine nerve
 pharyngeal nerve (pterygopalatine nerve)

Mandibular nerve

mandibular nerve (n. mandibularis; inferior maxillary nerve)

Nervus spinosus 
 Internal pterygoid nerve (n. pterygoideus internus)
 anterior and smaller division of the mandibular nerve
 Masseteric nerve (Nervus massetericus)

anterior and smaller division of the mandibular nerve
 Deep temporal nerves (nn. temporales profundi)
 Buccinator nerve (n. buccinatorus; long buccal nerve)
 External pterygoid nerve (n. pterygoideus externus)
 posterior and larger division of the mandibular nerve
 Auriculotemporal nerve (n. auriculotemporalis)
 anterior auricular branches (nn. auriculares anteriores)
 branches to the external acoustic meatus (n. meatus auditorii externi)
 مفصل
 parotid branches (rami parotidei)
 superficial temporal branch (rami temporales superficiales)
 Lingual nerve (n. lingualis)

posterior and larger division of the mandibular nerve
 Inferior alveolar nerve (n. alveolaris inferior; inferior dental nerve)
 Mylohyoid nerve (n. mylohyoideus)

posterior and larger division of the mandibular nerve
 Inferior alveolar nerve (n. alveolaris inferior; inferior dental nerve)
 dental branches
 inferior dental plexus
 incisive branch
 عصب چانه‌ای (n. mentalis)
 Otic ganglion (ganglion oticum)

Submaxillary ganglion (ganglion submaxillare)

عصب ابدوسنس ()

عصب ابدوسنس (عصب ابدوسنس، عصب ابدوسنس)

cavernous sinus
 superior orbital fissure
 مدار (سیاره): relation of عصب محیطی in:

عصب چهره‌ای ()

عصب چهره‌ای (عصب چهره‌ای، عصب چهره‌ای)
 nervus intermedius (pars intermedii of Wrisberg)

motor root
 sensory root
 Geniculum of عصب چهره‌ای
 Genicular ganglion of عصب چهره‌ای
 Parotid plexus

greater superficial petrosal nerve (large superficial petrosal nerve)

With facial canal
 Nerve to the stapedius (n. stapedius; tympanic branch)
 Chorda tympani nerve
 iter chordae posterius
 iter chordae anterius

At its exit from stylomastoid foramen
 Posterior auricular nerve (n. auricularis posterior)
 auricular branch
 occipital branch
 Digastric branch (ramus digastricus)
 Stylohyoid branch (ramus stylohyoideus)
 On صورت
 Temporal branches (rami temporales)
 Zygomatic branches (rami zygomatici; malar branches)
 Buccal branches (rami buccales; infraorbital branches)
 superficial branches
 deep branches
 infraorbital plexus
 Mandibular branch (ramus marginalis mandibulæ)
 Cervical branch (ramus colli)

عصب دهلیزی حلزونی ()

عصب دهلیزی حلزونی (Eighth nerve)

عصب شنوایی
 accessory nucleus
 tuberculum acusticum
 striæ medullares (striæ acusticæ)
 lateral lemniscus
 nucleus of the lateral lemniscus
 Vestibular nerve
 ganglion of Scarpa

عصب زبانی حلقی ()

عصب زبانی حلقی (Nervus glossopharyngeus, Ninth nerve)

sensory fibers
 taste fibers
 Fasciculus solitarius
 somatic sensory fibers
 somatic motor fibers
 nucleus ambiguus
 sympathetic efferent fibers

گانگلیون
 Superior ganglion (ganglion superius; jugular ganglion)
  Petrous ganglion  (ganglion petrosum; inferior ganglion)

Branches of Distribution
 Tympanic nerve (n. tympanicus; nerve of Jacobson)
 Tympanic plexus
  Carotid branches  (n. caroticotympanicus superior and n. caroticotympanicus inferior)
 Pharyngeal branches (rami pharyngei)
 Pharyngeal plexus
  Muscular branch  (ramus stylopharyngeus)
 Tonsillar branches (rami tonsillares)
 Lingual branches (rami linguales)

عصب واگ ()

عصب واگ (Nervus vagus, عصب واگ; عصب واگ)
 Jugular ganglion (ganglion of the root)
 Ganglion nodosum (ganglion of the trunk)
 Posterior pulmonary plexus
 Esophageal plexus

Ganglion nodosum (ganglion of the trunk; inferior ganglion)
 In Jugular fossa
 Meningeal branch (ramus meningeus; dural branch)
 Auricular branch (ramus auricularis; nerve of Arnold)
 In گردن
 Pharyngeal branch (ramus pharyngeus)

In گردن
 Pharyngeal branch (ramus pharyngeus)
 Pharyngeal plexus
 Superior laryngeal nerve (n. laryngeus superior)
 external branch (ramus externus) - external laryngeal nerve
 internal branch (ramus internus) - internal laryngeal nerve
 Recurrent nerve (n. recurrens; inferior or recurrent laryngeal nerve)
 Superior cardiac branches (rami cardiaci superiores; cervical cardiac branches)
 upper branches
 lower branch
 In سینه
 Inferior cardiac branches (rami cardiaci inferiores; thoracic cardiac branches)

In سینه
 Anterior bronchial branches (rami bronchiales anteriores; anterior or ventral pulmonary branches)
 Anterior pulmonary plexus
 Posterior bronchial branches (rami bronchiales posteriores; posterior or dorsal pulmonary branches)
 posterior pulmonary plexus
 Esophageal branches (rami æsophagei)
 esophageal plexus
 In شکم
 Gastric branches (rami gastrici)
 posterior gastric plexus
 anterior gastric plexus
 Celiac branches (rami cæliaci)
 Hepatic branches (rami hepatici)

عصب اکسسوری ()

عصب اکسسوری (عصب اکسسوری،  Eleventh nerve; عصب اکسسوری)
 Cranial Part (ramus internus; accessory portion)
 Spinal Part (ramus externus; spinal portion)

عصب زیرزبانی ()

عصب زیرزبانی (عصب زیرزبانی, Twelfth nerve)

: عصب زیرزبانی 
 Meningeal branches (dural branches)
 Descending ramus (ramus descendens; descendens hypoglossi)
 ansa hypoglossi
 Thyrohyoid branch (ramus thyreohyoideus)
 ماهیچه

: اعصاب 
 Nervus ramus descendens
 Nervus thyreohyoideus

عصب نخاعی ()

: عصب نخاعی 
 عصب نخاعی (عصب نخاعی)
 first cervical nerve (suboccipital nerve)
 Nerve roots
 Anterior root (radix anterior; ventral root)
 Posterior root (radix posterior; dorsal root)

Spinal ganglia (ganglion spinale)

دم اسب (نخاع)

عصب نخاعی
 gray ramus communicans
 white ramus communicans
 somatic fibers
 سامانه عصبی خودگردان (splanchnic fibers)

cells of Dogiel
 meningeal branch

posterior divisions ()

posterior divisions (Rami Posteriores)
 عصب نخاعی (Nn. Cervicales)

عصب نخاعی (Nn. Cervicales)
 posterior division of second cervical nerve
 medial branch (ramus medialis; internal branch)
 greater occipital nerve (n. occipitalis major; great occipital nerve)
 lateral branch (ramus lateralis; external branch)
 posterior division of third cervical nerve
 medial branch
 third occipital nerve
 lateral branch
 posterior cervical plexus
 posterior divisions of the lower five عصب نخاعی
 medial branches
 lateral branches
 عصب نخاعی (Nn. Thoracales)
 medial branches (ramus medialis; internal branch)
 upper six عصب نخاعی
 lower six عصب نخاعی
 lateral branches (ramus lateralis; external branch)

Lumbar nerves (Nn. Lumbales)
 medial branches
 lateral branches
 عصب نخاعی (Nn. Sacrales)
 upper three عصب نخاعی
 medial branches
 lateral branches
 lower two عصب نخاعی

عصب نخاعی (N. Coccygeus)

anterior divisions ()

anterior divisions (Rami Anteriores)
 عصب نخاعی (Nn. Cervicales)
 anterior division of the first (suboccipital nerve)
 upper four cervical nerves
 شبکه گردنی (plexus cervicalis)

Superficial Branches of شبکه گردنی

Smaller occipital nerve (n. occipitalïs minor; small occipital nerve)
 auricular branch
 Great auricular nerve (n. auricularis magnus)

Great auricular nerve
 anterior branch (ramus anterior; facial branch)
 posterior branch (ramus posterior; mastoid branch)
 Cutaneous cervical (n. cutaneus colli; superficial or transverse cervical nerve)
 ascending branches (rami superiores)

Cutaneous cervical
 descending branches (rami inferiores)
 Supraclavicular nerves (nn. supraclaviculares; descending branches)
 anterior supraclavicular nerves (nn. supraclaviculares anteriores; suprasternal nerves)
 middle supraclavicular nerves (nn. supraclaviculares medii; supraclavicular nerves)
 posterior supraclavicular nerves (nn. supraclaviculares posteriores; supra-acromial nerves)

Deep Branches of شبکه گردنی. INTERNAL SERIES

Communicating branches
 ماهیچه
 Communicantes cervicales (communicantes hypoglossi)
 descendens cervicalis
 ansa hypoglossi
 عصب فرنیک (n. phrenicus; internal respiratory nerve of Bell)

phrenic ganglion

Deep Branches of شبکه گردنی. EXTERNAL SERIES

Communicating branches
 ماهیچه

شبکه بازویی

شبکه بازویی (plexus brachialis)

lateral cord
 medial cord
 posterior cord

Supraclavicular Branches

Dorsal scapular nerve (n. dorsalis scapulæ; nerve to the Rhomboidei; posterior scapular nerve)
 Suprascapular nerve (n. suprascapularis)

Nerve to the subclavius (n. subclavius)
 Long thoracic nerve (n. thoracalis longus; external respiratory nerve of Bell; posterior thoracic nerve)

Infraclavicular branches

Lateral cord: عصب ماهیچه‌ای پوستی (5, 6, 7 C), Lateral anterior thoracic (5, 6, 7 C), عصب میانی (6, 7 C)
 Medial cord: Medial anterior thoracic (8 C, 1 T), Medial antibrachial cutaneous, Medial brachial cutaneous, عصب زند زیرین، عصب میانی،  Upper subscapular (5, 6 C), Lower subscapular (5, 6 C.)
 Posterior cord: Thoracodorsal (5, 6, 7 C.), Axillary (5, 6 C.), Radial (6, 7, 8 C, 1 T.)
 Anterior thoracic nerves (nn. thoracales anteriores)
 lateral anterior thoracic (fasciculus lateralis)
 medial anterior thoracic (fasciculus medialis)
 Subscapular nerves (nn. subscapulares)

Subscapular nerves
 upper subscapular (short subscapular)
 lower subscapular
 Thoracodorsal nerve (n. thoracodorsalis; middle or long subscapular nerve)
 عصب زیربغلی (n. axillaris; circumflex nerve)
 anterior branch of axillary nerve (upper branch)
 posterior branch of axillary nerve (lower branch)
 lateral brachial cutaneous nerve

عصب ماهیچه‌ای پوستی (n. musculocutaneus)

lateral antibrachial cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus antibrachii cutaneous lateralis; branch of musculocutaneous nerve)

Medial antibrachial cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus antibrachii medialis; internal cutaneous nerve)
 Medial brachial cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus brachii medialis; lesser internal cutaneous nerve; nerve of Wrisberg)

عصب میانی

عصب میانی (n. medianus)
 In ساعد
 muscular branches (rami musculares)
 volar interosseous nerve (n. interosseus volaris; anterior interosseous nerve)
 palmar branch (ramus cutaneus palmaris n. mediani)
 In the palm of دست
 proper volar digital nerves
 common volar digital nerves

عصب زند زیرین

عصب زند زیرین (n. ulnaris)

articular branches to the elbow-joint
 muscular branches of ulnar nerve (rami musculares)
 palmar cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve
 dorsal branch of ulnar nerve (ramus dorsalis manus)
 volar branch of ulnar nerve (ramus volaris manus)
 superficial branch of ulnar nerve (ramus superficialis [n. ulnaris])

deep branch of ulnar nerve (ramus profundus)

عصب شعاعی

عصب شعاعی (n. radialis; musculospiral nerve)
 Muscular branches of the radial nerve (rami musculares)
 ulnar collateral nerve
 Cutaneous branches of the radial nerve
 posterior brachial cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus brachii posterior; internal cutaneous branch of musculospiral)

عصب شعاعی
 Cutaneous branches of the radial nerve
 dorsal antibrachial cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus antibrachii dorsalis; external cutaneous branch of musculospiral)
 Superficial branch of the radial nerve (ramus superficialis radial nerve)
 Deep branch of the radial nerve (n. interosseus dorsalis; dorsal or posterior interosseous nerve)
 dorsal interosseous nerve

عصب نخاعی ()

anterior divisions of the thoracic nerves (rami anteriores; ventral divisions)

First thoracic nerve
 first intercostal nerve
 Upper thoracic nerves (nn. intercostales)
 thoracic intercostal nerves
 Lateral cutaneous branches (rami cutanei laterales)

Intercostobrachial nerve

Lower thoracic nerves
 thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves
 anterior cutaneous branches
 lateral cutaneous branches
 twelfth thoracic nerve
 lateral cutaneous branch

lumbosacral plexus ()

lumbosacral plexus (Plexus Lumbosacralis)
 Lumbar nerves (Nn. Lumbales)
 anterior divisions of the lumbar nerves (rami anteriores)
 lumbosacral trunk

Furcal nerve (Nervus furcalis)

شبکه کمری

شبکه کمری

Iliohypogastric nerve (n. iliohypogastricus)

Iliohypogastric nerve (n. iliohypogastricus)
 lateral cutaneous branch (ramus cutaneus lateralis; iliac branch)
 anterior cutaneous branch (ramus cutaneus anterior; hypogastric branch)

Ilioinguinal nerve (n. ilioinguinalis)

Genitofemoral nerve (n. genitofemoralis; genitocrural nerve)
 external spermatic nerve (n. spermaticus externus; genital branch of genitofemoral)
 lumboinguinal nerve (n. lumboinguinalis; femoral or crural branch of genitofemoral)
 عصب پوستی خارجی ران (n. cutaneus femoralis lateralis; external cutaneous nerve)
 patellar plexus
 عصب سدادی (n. obturatorius)

عصب سدادی (n. obturatorius)
 anterior branch (ramus anterior)
 posterior branch (ramus posterior)

عصب سدادی (n. obturatorius)
 articular branch for the knee-joint
 Accessory obturator nerve (n. obturatorius accessorius)
 عصب رانی (n. femoralis; anterior crural nerve)
 intermediate cutaneous nerve (ramus cutaneus anterior; middle cutaneous nerve)
 medial cutaneous nerve (ramus cutaneus anterior; internal cutaneous nerve)

عصب رانی (n. femoralis; anterior crural nerve)
 medial cutaneous nerve (ramus cutaneus anterior; internal cutaneous nerve)
 subsartorial plexus
 ماهیچه (rami musculares)
 nerve to the Pectineus
 nerve to the Sartorius
 Saphenous nerve (n. saphenus; long or internal saphenous nerve)
 infrapatellar branch
 plexus patellæ
 articular branch to the hip-joint
 articular branches to the knee-joint

sacral و عصب نخاعیs ()

شبکه خاجی (plexus sacralis)
 Nerve to the Quadratus femoris and Gemellus inferior

Nerve to the Obturator internus and Gemellus superior

Nerve to the Piriformis
 Superior gluteal nerve (n. glutæus superior)
 Inferior gluteal nerve (n. glutæus inferior)
 Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus femoralis posterior; small sciatic nerve)

Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus femoralis posterior; small sciatic nerve)
 gluteal branches (nn. clunium inferiores)
 perineal branches (rami perineales)
 inferior pudendal (long scrotal nerve)
 branches to the back of the thigh and leg
 عصب سیاتیک (n. ischiadicus; great sciatic nerve)

عصب درشت نیی

عصب درشت نیی (n. tibialis; internal popliteal nerve)

عصب درشت نیی (n. tibialis; internal popliteal nerve)
 مفصل (rami articulares)
 ماهیچه (rami musculares)
 medial sural cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus suræ medialis; n. communicans tibialis)

عصب درشت نیی (n. tibialis; internal popliteal nerve)
 sural nerve (n. suralis; short saphenous nerve)
 lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve
 medial calcaneal branches (rami calcanei mediales; internal calcaneal branches)
 medial plantar nerve (n. plantaris medialis; internal plantar nerve)
 cutaneous branches
 ماهیچه
 مفصل
 proper digital nerve of the great toe (nn. digitales plantares proprii; plantar digital branches)
 three common digital nerves (nn. digitales plantares communes)
 Lateral plantar nerve (n. plantaris lateralis; external plantar nerve)

عصب نازک‌نیی مشترک

عصب نازک‌نیی مشترک (n. peronæus communis; external popliteal nerve; peroneal nerve)
 lateral sural cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus suræ lateralis; lateral cutaneous branch)
 peroneal anastomotic (n. communicans fibularis)

Deep peroneal nerve (n. peronæus profundus; anterior tibial nerve)
 ماهیچه
 articular branch
 lateral terminal branch (external or tarsal branch)
 interosseous branches
 medial terminal branch (internal branch)
 dorsal digital nerves (nn. digitales dorsales hallucis lateralis et digiti secundi medialis)
 interosseous branch

Superficial peroneal nerve (n. peronæus superficialis; عصب ماهیچه‌ای پوستی)
 medial dorsal cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus dorsalis medialis; internal dorsal cutaneous branch)
 intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus dorsalis intermedius; external dorsal cutaneous branch)
 dorsal digital branches

Pudendal plexus

Pudendal plexus (plexus pudendus)

Perforating cutaneous nerve (n. clunium inferior medialis)
 عصب میاندوراه (n. pudendus; internal pudic nerve)

Alcock’s canal
 dorsal nerve of the penis یا چوچوله
 inferior hemorrhoidal nerve (n. hæmorrhoidalis inferior)
 perineal nerve (n. perinei)
 posterior scrotal branches (or labial) (nn. scrotales (or labiales) posteriores
 ماهیچه
 nerve to the bulb
 dorsal nerve of the penis (n. dorsalis penis)
 Anococcygeal nerves (nn. anococcygei)

دستگاه عصبی سمپاتیک ()

دستگاه عصبی سمپاتیک

preganglionic fibers

cranial sympathetics
 Sympathetic efferent fibers of عصب حرکتی چشمی
 Sympathetic efferent fibers of عصب چهره‌ای

cranial sympathetics
 Sympathetic afferent fibers of عصب زبانی حلقی
 Sympathetic efferent fibers of عصب واگ

cranial sympathetics
 Sympathetic afferent fibers of عصب واگ
 Sacral sympathetics
 Sacral sympathetic efferent fibers

Sacral sympathetics
 Afferent sympathetic fibers
 Thoracolumbar sympathetics
 thoracolumbar sympathetic fibers
 vasoconstrictor fibers

Thoracolumbar sympathetics
 central ganglia
 prevertebral plexuses
 sympathetic trunks (truncus sympathicus; gangliated cord)
 ganglion impar
 Connections with عصب نخاعی
 gray and white rami communicantes

Thoracolumbar sympathetics
 three great gangliated plexuses (collateral ganglia)
 cardiac plexus
 solar plexus یا epigastric plexus
 hypogastric plexus

سر portion of دستگاه عصبی سمپاتیک ()

internal carotid nerve
 internal carotid plexus (plexus caroticus internus; carotid plexus)
 carotid ganglion
 deep petrosal

caroticotympanic
 cavernous plexus (plexus cavernosus)
 filaments of connection
 terminal filaments

گردن portion of دستگاه عصبی سمپاتیک ()

superior cervical ganglion (ganglion cervicale superius)
 Inferior branch
 Lateral branches (external branches)
 Medial branches (internal branches)
 laryngopharyngeal branches (rami laryngopharyngei)

superior cervical ganglion (ganglion cervicale superius)
 pharyngeal plexus
 superior cardiac nerve (n. cardiacus superior)
 Anterior branches (nn. carotici externi)
 external petrosal nerve
 middle cervical ganglion (ganglion cervicale medium)
 Middle cardiac nerve (n. cardiacus medius; great cardiac nerve)

inferior cervical ganglion (ganglion cervicale inferius)

inferior cervical ganglion (ganglion cervicale inferius)
 ansa subclavia (Vieussenii)
 inferior cardiac nerve (n. cardiacus inferior)
 offsets to bloodvessels

سینه portion of دستگاه عصبی سمپاتیک ()

branches from the upper five ganglia
 branches from the lower seven ganglia
 greater splanchnic nerve (n. splanchnicus major; great splanchnic nerve)
 ganglion splanchnicum
 lesser splanchnic nerve (n. splanchnicus minor)
 lowest splanchnic nerve (n. splanchnicus imus; least splanchnic nerve)

شکم portion of دستگاه عصبی سمپاتیک ()

Pars Abdominalis S. Sympathici; Lumbar portion of  Gangliated cord

لگن خاصره portion of دستگاه عصبی سمپاتیک ()

ganglion impar
 branches of distribution
 glomus coccygeum (coccygeal body)

great plexuses of دستگاه عصبی سمپاتیک ()

Cardiac plexus (Plexus Cardiacus)
 superficial part of the cardiac plexus
 cardiac ganglion of Wrisberg
 deep part of the cardiac plexus

Cardiac plexus (Plexus Cardiacus)
 Posterior coronary plexus (plexus coronarius posterior; left coronary plexus)
 Anterior coronary plexus (plexus coronarius anterior; right coronary plexus)
 Celiac plexus (Plexus Cœliacus; Solar plexus)
 Celiac ganglia (ganglia cæliaca; semilunar ganglia)
 aorticorenal ganglion
 phrenic plexus (plexus phrenicus)

Celiac plexus (Plexus Cœliacus; Solar plexus)
 ganglion phrenicum
 hepatic plexus (plexus hepaticus)
 inferior gastric plexus
 lienal plexus (plexus lienalis; splenic plexus)

Celiac plexus (Plexus Cœliacus; Solar plexus)
 superior gastric plexus (plexus gastricus superior; gastric plexus یا coronary plexus)
 suprarenal plexus (plexus suprarenalis)
 renal plexus (plexus renalis)
 spermatic plexus (plexus spermaticus) / ovarian plexus (plexus arteriæ ovaricæ)
 superior mesenteric plexus (plexus mesentericus superior)
 ganglion mesentericum superius
 abdominal aortic plexus (plexus aorticus abdominalis; aortic plexus)
 inferior mesenteric plexus (plexus mesentericus inferior)
 left colic
 sigmoid plexuses
 superior hemorrhoidal plexus
 Hypogastric plexus (Plexus Hypogastricus)
 Pelvic plexuses

Hypogastric plexus (Plexus Hypogastricus)
 Middle hemorrhoidal plexus (plexus hæmorrhoidalis medius)
 Vesical plexus (plexus vesicalis)
 Prostatic plexus (plexus prostaticus)

Hypogastric plexus (Plexus Hypogastricus)
 جسم غاری (nn. cavernosi penis minores; small cavernous nerves)
 جسم غاری (n. cavernosus penis major; large cavernous plexus)
 Vaginal plexus
 Uterine plexus

جستارهای وابسته 
 فهرست تصویرها و موضوعات آناتومی گری
 List of images in Gray's Anatomy: IX. Neurology
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