matplotlib.backend_bases Abstract base classes define the primitives that renderers and graphics contexts must implement to serve as a Matplotlib backend.  RendererBase

An abstract base class to handle drawing/rendering operations.  FigureCanvasBase

The abstraction layer that separates the Figure from the backend specific details like a user interface drawing area.  GraphicsContextBase

An abstract base class that provides color, line styles, etc.  Event

The base class for all of the Matplotlib event handling. Derived classes such as KeyEvent and MouseEvent store the meta data like keys and buttons pressed, x and y locations in pixel and Axes coordinates.  ShowBase

The base class for the Show class of each interactive backend; the 'show' callable is then set to Show.__call__.  ToolContainerBase

The base class for the Toolbar class of each interactive backend.     classmatplotlib.backend_bases.CloseEvent(name, canvas, guiEvent=None)[source]
 
Bases: matplotlib.backend_bases.Event An event triggered by a figure being closed. 
   classmatplotlib.backend_bases.DrawEvent(name, canvas, renderer)[source]
 
Bases: matplotlib.backend_bases.Event An event triggered by a draw operation on the canvas. In most backends, callbacks subscribed to this event will be fired after the rendering is complete but before the screen is updated. Any extra artists drawn to the canvas's renderer will be reflected without an explicit call to blit.  Warning Calling canvas.draw and canvas.blit in these callbacks may not be safe with all backends and may cause infinite recursion.  A DrawEvent has a number of special attributes in addition to those defined by the parent Event class.  Attributes 
 
rendererRendererBase


The renderer for the draw event.     
   classmatplotlib.backend_bases.Event(name, canvas, guiEvent=None)[source]
 
Bases: object A Matplotlib event. The following attributes are defined and shown with their default values. Subclasses may define additional attributes.  Attributes 
 
namestr


The event name.  
canvasFigureCanvasBase


The backend-specific canvas instance generating the event.  guiEvent

The GUI event that triggered the Matplotlib event.     
   classmatplotlib.backend_bases.FigureCanvasBase(figure=None)[source]
 
Bases: object The canvas the figure renders into.  Attributes 
 
figurematplotlib.figure.Figure


A high-level figure instance.       blit(bbox=None)[source]
 
Blit the canvas in bbox (default entire canvas). 
   propertybutton_pick_id

   button_press_event(x, y, button, dblclick=False, guiEvent=None)[source]
 
Callback processing for mouse button press events. Backend derived classes should call this function on any mouse button press. (x, y) are the canvas coords ((0, 0) is lower left). button and key are as defined in MouseEvent. This method will call all functions connected to the 'button_press_event' with a MouseEvent instance. 
   button_release_event(x, y, button, guiEvent=None)[source]
 
Callback processing for mouse button release events. Backend derived classes should call this function on any mouse button release. This method will call all functions connected to the 'button_release_event' with a MouseEvent instance.  Parameters 
 
xfloat


The canvas coordinates where 0=left.  
yfloat


The canvas coordinates where 0=bottom.  guiEvent

The native UI event that generated the Matplotlib event.     
   propertycallbacks

   close_event(guiEvent=None)[source]
 
Pass a CloseEvent to all functions connected to close_event. 
   propertydevice_pixel_ratio
 
The ratio of physical to logical pixels used for the canvas on screen. By default, this is 1, meaning physical and logical pixels are the same size. Subclasses that support High DPI screens may set this property to indicate that said ratio is different. All Matplotlib interaction, unless working directly with the canvas, remains in logical pixels. 
   draw(*args, **kwargs)[source]
 
Render the Figure. It is important that this method actually walk the artist tree even if not output is produced because this will trigger deferred work (like computing limits auto-limits and tick values) that users may want access to before saving to disk. 
   draw_event(renderer)[source]
 
Pass a DrawEvent to all functions connected to draw_event. 
   draw_idle(*args, **kwargs)[source]
 
Request a widget redraw once control returns to the GUI event loop. Even if multiple calls to draw_idle occur before control returns to the GUI event loop, the figure will only be rendered once. Notes Backends may choose to override the method and implement their own strategy to prevent multiple renderings. 
   enter_notify_event(guiEvent=None, xy=None)[source]
 
Callback processing for the mouse cursor entering the canvas. Backend derived classes should call this function when entering canvas.  Parameters 
 guiEvent

The native UI event that generated the Matplotlib event.  
xy(float, float)


The coordinate location of the pointer when the canvas is entered.     
   events=['resize_event', 'draw_event', 'key_press_event', 'key_release_event', 'button_press_event', 'button_release_event', 'scroll_event', 'motion_notify_event', 'pick_event', 'figure_enter_event', 'figure_leave_event', 'axes_enter_event', 'axes_leave_event', 'close_event']

   filetypes={'eps': 'Encapsulated Postscript', 'jpeg': 'Joint Photographic Experts Group', 'jpg': 'Joint Photographic Experts Group', 'pdf': 'Portable Document Format', 'pgf': 'PGF code for LaTeX', 'png': 'Portable Network Graphics', 'ps': 'Postscript', 'raw': 'Raw RGBA bitmap', 'rgba': 'Raw RGBA bitmap', 'svg': 'Scalable Vector Graphics', 'svgz': 'Scalable Vector Graphics', 'tif': 'Tagged Image File Format', 'tiff': 'Tagged Image File Format'}

   fixed_dpi=None

   flush_events()[source]
 
Flush the GUI events for the figure. Interactive backends need to reimplement this method. 
   get_default_filename()[source]
 
Return a string, which includes extension, suitable for use as a default filename. 
   classmethodget_default_filetype()[source]
 
Return the default savefig file format as specified in rcParams["savefig.format"] (default: 'png'). The returned string does not include a period. This method is overridden in backends that only support a single file type. 
   classmethodget_supported_filetypes()[source]
 
Return dict of savefig file formats supported by this backend. 
   classmethodget_supported_filetypes_grouped()[source]
 
Return a dict of savefig file formats supported by this backend, where the keys are a file type name, such as 'Joint Photographic Experts Group', and the values are a list of filename extensions used for that filetype, such as ['jpg', 'jpeg']. 
   get_width_height(*, physical=False)[source]
 
Return the figure width and height in integral points or pixels. When the figure is used on High DPI screens (and the backend supports it), the truncation to integers occurs after scaling by the device pixel ratio.  Parameters 
 
physicalbool, default: False


Whether to return true physical pixels or logical pixels. Physical pixels may be used by backends that support HiDPI, but still configure the canvas using its actual size.    Returns 
 
width, heightint


The size of the figure, in points or pixels, depending on the backend.     
   get_window_title()[source]
 
[Deprecated] Return the title text of the window containing the figure, or None if there is no window (e.g., a PS backend). Notes  Deprecated since version 3.4.  
   grab_mouse(ax)[source]
 
Set the child Axes which is grabbing the mouse events. Usually called by the widgets themselves. It is an error to call this if the mouse is already grabbed by another axes. 
   inaxes(xy)[source]
 
Return the topmost visible Axes containing the point xy.  Parameters 
 
xy(float, float)


(x, y) pixel positions from left/bottom of the canvas.    Returns 
 
Axes or None

The topmost visible axes containing the point, or None if no axes.     
   is_saving()[source]
 
Return whether the renderer is in the process of saving to a file, rather than rendering for an on-screen buffer. 
   key_press_event(key, guiEvent=None)[source]
 
Pass a KeyEvent to all functions connected to key_press_event. 
   key_release_event(key, guiEvent=None)[source]
 
Pass a KeyEvent to all functions connected to key_release_event. 
   leave_notify_event(guiEvent=None)[source]
 
Callback processing for the mouse cursor leaving the canvas. Backend derived classes should call this function when leaving canvas.  Parameters 
 guiEvent

The native UI event that generated the Matplotlib event.     
   motion_notify_event(x, y, guiEvent=None)[source]
 
Callback processing for mouse movement events. Backend derived classes should call this function on any motion-notify-event. This method will call all functions connected to the 'motion_notify_event' with a MouseEvent instance.  Parameters 
 
xfloat


The canvas coordinates where 0=left.  
yfloat


The canvas coordinates where 0=bottom.  guiEvent

The native UI event that generated the Matplotlib event.     
   mpl_connect(s, func)[source]
 
Bind function func to event s.  Parameters 
 
sstr


One of the following events ids:  'button_press_event' 'button_release_event' 'draw_event' 'key_press_event' 'key_release_event' 'motion_notify_event' 'pick_event' 'resize_event' 'scroll_event' 'figure_enter_event', 'figure_leave_event', 'axes_enter_event', 'axes_leave_event' 'close_event'.   
funccallable


The callback function to be executed, which must have the signature: def func(event: Event) -> Any
 For the location events (button and key press/release), if the mouse is over the axes, the inaxes attribute of the event will be set to the Axes the event occurs is over, and additionally, the variables xdata and ydata attributes will be set to the mouse location in data coordinates. See KeyEvent and MouseEvent for more info.    Returns 
 cid

A connection id that can be used with FigureCanvasBase.mpl_disconnect.     Examples def on_press(event):
    print('you pressed', event.button, event.xdata, event.ydata)

cid = canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', on_press)
 
   mpl_disconnect(cid)[source]
 
Disconnect the callback with id cid. Examples cid = canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', on_press)
# ... later
canvas.mpl_disconnect(cid)
 
   new_timer(interval=None, callbacks=None)[source]
 
Create a new backend-specific subclass of Timer. This is useful for getting periodic events through the backend's native event loop. Implemented only for backends with GUIs.  Parameters 
 
intervalint


Timer interval in milliseconds.  
callbackslist[tuple[callable, tuple, dict]]


Sequence of (func, args, kwargs) where func(*args, **kwargs) will be executed by the timer every interval. Callbacks which return False or 0 will be removed from the timer.     Examples >>> timer = fig.canvas.new_timer(callbacks=[(f1, (1,), {'a': 3})])
 
   pick(mouseevent)[source]

   pick_event(mouseevent, artist, **kwargs)[source]
 
Callback processing for pick events. This method will be called by artists who are picked and will fire off PickEvent callbacks registered listeners. Note that artists are not pickable by default (see Artist.set_picker). 
   print_figure(filename, dpi=None, facecolor=None, edgecolor=None, orientation='portrait', format=None, *, bbox_inches=None, pad_inches=None, bbox_extra_artists=None, backend=None, **kwargs)[source]
 
Render the figure to hardcopy. Set the figure patch face and edge colors. This is useful because some of the GUIs have a gray figure face color background and you'll probably want to override this on hardcopy.  Parameters 
 
filenamestr or path-like or file-like


The file where the figure is saved.  
dpifloat, default: rcParams["savefig.dpi"] (default: 'figure')


The dots per inch to save the figure in.  
facecolorcolor or 'auto', default: rcParams["savefig.facecolor"] (default: 'auto')


The facecolor of the figure. If 'auto', use the current figure facecolor.  
edgecolorcolor or 'auto', default: rcParams["savefig.edgecolor"] (default: 'auto')


The edgecolor of the figure. If 'auto', use the current figure edgecolor.  
orientation{'landscape', 'portrait'}, default: 'portrait'


Only currently applies to PostScript printing.  
formatstr, optional


Force a specific file format. If not given, the format is inferred from the filename extension, and if that fails from rcParams["savefig.format"] (default: 'png').  
bbox_inches'tight' or Bbox, default: rcParams["savefig.bbox"] (default: None)


Bounding box in inches: only the given portion of the figure is saved. If 'tight', try to figure out the tight bbox of the figure.  
pad_inchesfloat, default: rcParams["savefig.pad_inches"] (default: 0.1)


Amount of padding around the figure when bbox_inches is 'tight'.  
bbox_extra_artistslist of Artist, optional


A list of extra artists that will be considered when the tight bbox is calculated.  
backendstr, optional


Use a non-default backend to render the file, e.g. to render a png file with the "cairo" backend rather than the default "agg", or a pdf file with the "pgf" backend rather than the default "pdf". Note that the default backend is normally sufficient. See The builtin backends for a list of valid backends for each file format. Custom backends can be referenced as "module://...".     
   release_mouse(ax)[source]
 
Release the mouse grab held by the Axes ax. Usually called by the widgets. It is ok to call this even if ax doesn't have the mouse grab currently. 
   required_interactive_framework=None

   resize(w, h)[source]
 
UNUSED: Set the canvas size in pixels. Certain backends may implement a similar method internally, but this is not a requirement of, nor is it used by, Matplotlib itself. 
   resize_event()[source]
 
Pass a ResizeEvent to all functions connected to resize_event. 
   scroll_event(x, y, step, guiEvent=None)[source]
 
Callback processing for scroll events. Backend derived classes should call this function on any scroll wheel event. (x, y) are the canvas coords ((0, 0) is lower left). button and key are as defined in MouseEvent. This method will call all functions connected to the 'scroll_event' with a MouseEvent instance. 
   propertyscroll_pick_id

   set_cursor(cursor)[source]
 
Set the current cursor. This may have no effect if the backend does not display anything. If required by the backend, this method should trigger an update in the backend event loop after the cursor is set, as this method may be called e.g. before a long-running task during which the GUI is not updated.  Parameters 
 
cursorCursors


The cursor to display over the canvas. Note: some backends may change the cursor for the entire window.     
   set_window_title(title)[source]
 
[Deprecated] Set the title text of the window containing the figure. Note that this has no effect if there is no window (e.g., a PS backend). Notes  Deprecated since version 3.4.  
   start_event_loop(timeout=0)[source]
 
Start a blocking event loop. Such an event loop is used by interactive functions, such as ginput and waitforbuttonpress, to wait for events. The event loop blocks until a callback function triggers stop_event_loop, or timeout is reached. If timeout is 0 or negative, never timeout. Only interactive backends need to reimplement this method and it relies on flush_events being properly implemented. Interactive backends should implement this in a more native way. 
   stop_event_loop()[source]
 
Stop the current blocking event loop. Interactive backends need to reimplement this to match start_event_loop 
   supports_blit=False

   switch_backends(FigureCanvasClass)[source]
 
Instantiate an instance of FigureCanvasClass This is used for backend switching, e.g., to instantiate a FigureCanvasPS from a FigureCanvasGTK. Note, deep copying is not done, so any changes to one of the instances (e.g., setting figure size or line props), will be reflected in the other 
 
   classmatplotlib.backend_bases.FigureManagerBase(canvas, num)[source]
 
Bases: object A backend-independent abstraction of a figure container and controller. The figure manager is used by pyplot to interact with the window in a backend-independent way. It's an adapter for the real (GUI) framework that represents the visual figure on screen. GUI backends define from this class to translate common operations such as show or resize to the GUI-specific code. Non-GUI backends do not support these operations an can just use the base class. This following basic operations are accessible: Window operations  show destroy full_screen_toggle resize get_window_title set_window_title  Key and mouse button press handling The figure manager sets up default key and mouse button press handling by hooking up the key_press_handler to the matplotlib event system. This ensures the same shortcuts and mouse actions across backends. Other operations Subclasses will have additional attributes and functions to access additional functionality. This is of course backend-specific. For example, most GUI backends have window and toolbar attributes that give access to the native GUI widgets of the respective framework.  Attributes 
 
canvasFigureCanvasBase


The backend-specific canvas instance.  
numint or str


The figure number.  
key_press_handler_idint


The default key handler cid, when using the toolmanager. To disable the default key press handling use: figure.canvas.mpl_disconnect(
    figure.canvas.manager.key_press_handler_id)
  
button_press_handler_idint


The default mouse button handler cid, when using the toolmanager. To disable the default button press handling use: figure.canvas.mpl_disconnect(
    figure.canvas.manager.button_press_handler_id)
       button_press(event)[source]
 
[Deprecated] The default Matplotlib button actions for extra mouse buttons. Notes  Deprecated since version 3.4.  
   destroy()[source]

   full_screen_toggle()[source]

   get_window_title()[source]
 
Return the title text of the window containing the figure, or None if there is no window (e.g., a PS backend). 
   key_press(event)[source]
 
[Deprecated] Implement the default Matplotlib key bindings defined at Navigation keyboard shortcuts. Notes  Deprecated since version 3.4.  
   resize(w, h)[source]
 
For GUI backends, resize the window (in physical pixels). 
   set_window_title(title)[source]
 
Set the title text of the window containing the figure. This has no effect for non-GUI (e.g., PS) backends. 
   show()[source]
 
For GUI backends, show the figure window and redraw. For non-GUI backends, raise an exception, unless running headless (i.e. on Linux with an unset DISPLAY); this exception is converted to a warning in Figure.show. 
 
   classmatplotlib.backend_bases.GraphicsContextBase[source]
 
Bases: object An abstract base class that provides color, line styles, etc.   copy_properties(gc)[source]
 
Copy properties from gc to self. 
   get_alpha()[source]
 
Return the alpha value used for blending - not supported on all backends. 
   get_antialiased()[source]
 
Return whether the object should try to do antialiased rendering. 
   get_capstyle()[source]
 
Return the CapStyle. 
   get_clip_path()[source]
 
Return the clip path in the form (path, transform), where path is a Path instance, and transform is an affine transform to apply to the path before clipping. 
   get_clip_rectangle()[source]
 
Return the clip rectangle as a Bbox instance. 
   get_dashes()[source]
 
Return the dash style as an (offset, dash-list) pair. The dash list is a even-length list that gives the ink on, ink off in points. See p. 107 of to PostScript blue book for more info. Default value is (None, None). 
   get_forced_alpha()[source]
 
Return whether the value given by get_alpha() should be used to override any other alpha-channel values. 
   get_gid()[source]
 
Return the object identifier if one is set, None otherwise. 
   get_hatch()[source]
 
Get the current hatch style. 
   get_hatch_color()[source]
 
Get the hatch color. 
   get_hatch_linewidth()[source]
 
Get the hatch linewidth. 
   get_hatch_path(density=6.0)[source]
 
Return a Path for the current hatch. 
   get_joinstyle()[source]
 
Return the JoinStyle. 
   get_linewidth()[source]
 
Return the line width in points. 
   get_rgb()[source]
 
Return a tuple of three or four floats from 0-1. 
   get_sketch_params()[source]
 
Return the sketch parameters for the artist.  Returns 
 tuple or None


A 3-tuple with the following elements:  
scale: The amplitude of the wiggle perpendicular to the source line. 
length: The length of the wiggle along the line. 
randomness: The scale factor by which the length is shrunken or expanded.  May return None if no sketch parameters were set.     
   get_snap()[source]
 
Return the snap setting, which can be:  True: snap vertices to the nearest pixel center False: leave vertices as-is None: (auto) If the path contains only rectilinear line segments, round to the nearest pixel center  
   get_url()[source]
 
Return a url if one is set, None otherwise. 
   restore()[source]
 
Restore the graphics context from the stack - needed only for backends that save graphics contexts on a stack. 
   set_alpha(alpha)[source]
 
Set the alpha value used for blending - not supported on all backends. If alpha=None (the default), the alpha components of the foreground and fill colors will be used to set their respective transparencies (where applicable); otherwise, alpha will override them. 
   set_antialiased(b)[source]
 
Set whether object should be drawn with antialiased rendering. 
   set_capstyle(cs)[source]
 
Set how to draw endpoints of lines.  Parameters 
 
csCapStyle or {'butt', 'projecting', 'round'}

   
   set_clip_path(path)[source]
 
Set the clip path to a TransformedPath or None. 
   set_clip_rectangle(rectangle)[source]
 
Set the clip rectangle to a Bbox or None. 
   set_dashes(dash_offset, dash_list)[source]
 
Set the dash style for the gc.  Parameters 
 
dash_offsetfloat


The offset (usually 0).  
dash_listarray-like or None


The on-off sequence as points. None specifies a solid line.     Notes See p. 107 of to PostScript blue book for more info. 
   set_foreground(fg, isRGBA=False)[source]
 
Set the foreground color.  Parameters 
 
fgcolor


isRGBAbool


If fg is known to be an (r, g, b, a) tuple, isRGBA can be set to True to improve performance.     
   set_gid(id)[source]
 
Set the id. 
   set_hatch(hatch)[source]
 
Set the hatch style (for fills). 
   set_hatch_color(hatch_color)[source]
 
Set the hatch color. 
   set_joinstyle(js)[source]
 
Set how to draw connections between line segments.  Parameters 
 
jsJoinStyle or {'miter', 'round', 'bevel'}

   
   set_linewidth(w)[source]
 
Set the linewidth in points. 
   set_sketch_params(scale=None, length=None, randomness=None)[source]
 
Set the sketch parameters.  Parameters 
 
scalefloat, optional


The amplitude of the wiggle perpendicular to the source line, in pixels. If scale is None, or not provided, no sketch filter will be provided.  
lengthfloat, default: 128


The length of the wiggle along the line, in pixels.  
randomnessfloat, default: 16


The scale factor by which the length is shrunken or expanded.     
   set_snap(snap)[source]
 
Set the snap setting which may be:  True: snap vertices to the nearest pixel center False: leave vertices as-is None: (auto) If the path contains only rectilinear line segments, round to the nearest pixel center  
   set_url(url)[source]
 
Set the url for links in compatible backends. 
 
   classmatplotlib.backend_bases.KeyEvent(name, canvas, key, x=0, y=0, guiEvent=None)[source]
 
Bases: matplotlib.backend_bases.LocationEvent A key event (key press, key release). A KeyEvent has a number of special attributes in addition to those defined by the parent Event and LocationEvent classes. Notes Modifier keys will be prefixed to the pressed key and will be in the order "ctrl", "alt", "super". The exception to this rule is when the pressed key is itself a modifier key, therefore "ctrl+alt" and "alt+control" can both be valid key values. Examples def on_key(event):
    print('you pressed', event.key, event.xdata, event.ydata)

cid = fig.canvas.mpl_connect('key_press_event', on_key)
  Attributes 
 
keyNone or str


The key(s) pressed. Could be None, a single case sensitive Unicode character ("g", "G", "#", etc.), a special key ("control", "shift", "f1", "up", etc.) or a combination of the above (e.g., "ctrl+alt+g", "ctrl+alt+G").     
   classmatplotlib.backend_bases.LocationEvent(name, canvas, x, y, guiEvent=None)[source]
 
Bases: matplotlib.backend_bases.Event An event that has a screen location. A LocationEvent has a number of special attributes in addition to those defined by the parent Event class.  Attributes 
 
x, yint or None


Event location in pixels from bottom left of canvas.  
inaxesAxes or None


The Axes instance over which the mouse is, if any.  
xdata, ydatafloat or None


Data coordinates of the mouse within inaxes, or None if the mouse is not over an Axes.       lastevent=None

 
   classmatplotlib.backend_bases.MouseButton(value)[source]
 
Bases: enum.IntEnum An enumeration.   BACK=8[source]

   FORWARD=9[source]

   LEFT=1[source]

   MIDDLE=2[source]

   RIGHT=3[source]

 
   classmatplotlib.backend_bases.MouseEvent(name, canvas, x, y, button=None, key=None, step=0, dblclick=False, guiEvent=None)[source]
 
Bases: matplotlib.backend_bases.LocationEvent A mouse event ('button_press_event', 'button_release_event', 'scroll_event', 'motion_notify_event'). A MouseEvent has a number of special attributes in addition to those defined by the parent Event and LocationEvent classes. Examples def on_press(event):
    print('you pressed', event.button, event.xdata, event.ydata)

cid = fig.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', on_press)
  Attributes 
 
buttonNone or MouseButton or {'up', 'down'}


The button pressed. 'up' and 'down' are used for scroll events. Note that LEFT and RIGHT actually refer to the "primary" and "secondary" buttons, i.e. if the user inverts their left and right buttons ("left-handed setting") then the LEFT button will be the one physically on the right.  
keyNone or str


The key pressed when the mouse event triggered, e.g. 'shift'. See KeyEvent.  Warning This key is currently obtained from the last 'key_press_event' or 'key_release_event' that occurred within the canvas. Thus, if the last change of keyboard state occurred while the canvas did not have focus, this attribute will be wrong.   
stepfloat


The number of scroll steps (positive for 'up', negative for 'down'). This applies only to 'scroll_event' and defaults to 0 otherwise.  
dblclickbool


Whether the event is a double-click. This applies only to 'button_press_event' and is False otherwise. In particular, it's not used in 'button_release_event'.     
   classmatplotlib.backend_bases.NavigationToolbar2(canvas)[source]
 
Bases: object Base class for the navigation cursor, version 2. Backends must implement a canvas that handles connections for 'button_press_event' and 'button_release_event'. See FigureCanvasBase.mpl_connect() for more information. They must also define  save_figure()

save the current figure  
draw_rubberband() (optional)

draw the zoom to rect "rubberband" rectangle  
set_message() (optional)

display message  
set_history_buttons() (optional)

you can change the history back / forward buttons to indicate disabled / enabled state.   and override __init__ to set up the toolbar -- without forgetting to call the base-class init. Typically, __init__ needs to set up toolbar buttons connected to the home, back, forward, pan, zoom, and save_figure methods and using standard icons in the "images" subdirectory of the data path. That's it, we'll do the rest!   back(*args)[source]
 
Move back up the view lim stack. For convenience of being directly connected as a GUI callback, which often get passed additional parameters, this method accepts arbitrary parameters, but does not use them. 
   configure_subplots(*args)[source]

   drag_pan(event)[source]
 
Callback for dragging in pan/zoom mode. 
   drag_zoom(event)[source]
 
Callback for dragging in zoom mode. 
   draw_rubberband(event, x0, y0, x1, y1)[source]
 
Draw a rectangle rubberband to indicate zoom limits. Note that it is not guaranteed that x0 <= x1 and y0 <= y1. 
   forward(*args)[source]
 
Move forward in the view lim stack. For convenience of being directly connected as a GUI callback, which often get passed additional parameters, this method accepts arbitrary parameters, but does not use them. 
   home(*args)[source]
 
Restore the original view. For convenience of being directly connected as a GUI callback, which often get passed additional parameters, this method accepts arbitrary parameters, but does not use them. 
   mouse_move(event)[source]

   pan(*args)[source]
 
Toggle the pan/zoom tool. Pan with left button, zoom with right. 
   press_pan(event)[source]
 
Callback for mouse button press in pan/zoom mode. 
   press_zoom(event)[source]
 
Callback for mouse button press in zoom to rect mode. 
   push_current()[source]
 
Push the current view limits and position onto the stack. 
   release_pan(event)[source]
 
Callback for mouse button release in pan/zoom mode. 
   release_zoom(event)[source]
 
Callback for mouse button release in zoom to rect mode. 
   remove_rubberband()[source]
 
Remove the rubberband. 
   save_figure(*args)[source]
 
Save the current figure. 
   set_cursor(cursor)[source]
 
[Deprecated] Set the current cursor to one of the Cursors enums values. If required by the backend, this method should trigger an update in the backend event loop after the cursor is set, as this method may be called e.g. before a long-running task during which the GUI is not updated. Notes  Deprecated since version 3.5.  
   set_history_buttons()[source]
 
Enable or disable the back/forward button. 
   set_message(s)[source]
 
Display a message on toolbar or in status bar. 
   toolitems=(('Home', 'Reset original view', 'home', 'home'), ('Back', 'Back to previous view', 'back', 'back'), ('Forward', 'Forward to next view', 'forward', 'forward'), (None, None, None, None), ('Pan', 'Left button pans, Right button zooms\nx/y fixes axis, CTRL fixes aspect', 'move', 'pan'), ('Zoom', 'Zoom to rectangle\nx/y fixes axis', 'zoom_to_rect', 'zoom'), ('Subplots', 'Configure subplots', 'subplots', 'configure_subplots'), (None, None, None, None), ('Save', 'Save the figure', 'filesave', 'save_figure'))

   update()[source]
 
Reset the axes stack. 
   zoom(*args)[source]
 
Toggle zoom to rect mode. 
 
   exceptionmatplotlib.backend_bases.NonGuiException[source]
 
Bases: Exception Raised when trying show a figure in a non-GUI backend. 
   classmatplotlib.backend_bases.PickEvent(name, canvas, mouseevent, artist, guiEvent=None, **kwargs)[source]
 
Bases: matplotlib.backend_bases.Event A pick event. This event is fired when the user picks a location on the canvas sufficiently close to an artist that has been made pickable with Artist.set_picker. A PickEvent has a number of special attributes in addition to those defined by the parent Event class. Examples Bind a function on_pick() to pick events, that prints the coordinates of the picked data point: ax.plot(np.rand(100), 'o', picker=5)  # 5 points tolerance

def on_pick(event):
    line = event.artist
    xdata, ydata = line.get_data()
    ind = event.ind
    print('on pick line:', np.array([xdata[ind], ydata[ind]]).T)

cid = fig.canvas.mpl_connect('pick_event', on_pick)
  Attributes 
 
mouseeventMouseEvent


The mouse event that generated the pick.  
artistmatplotlib.artist.Artist


The picked artist. Note that artists are not pickable by default (see Artist.set_picker).  other

Additional attributes may be present depending on the type of the picked object; e.g., a Line2D pick may define different extra attributes than a PatchCollection pick.     
   classmatplotlib.backend_bases.RendererBase[source]
 
Bases: object An abstract base class to handle drawing/rendering operations. The following methods must be implemented in the backend for full functionality (though just implementing draw_path() alone would give a highly capable backend):  draw_path() draw_image() draw_gouraud_triangle()  The following methods should be implemented in the backend for optimization reasons:  draw_text() draw_markers() draw_path_collection() draw_quad_mesh()    close_group(s)[source]
 
Close a grouping element with label s. Only used by the SVG renderer. 
   draw_gouraud_triangle(gc, points, colors, transform)[source]
 
Draw a Gouraud-shaded triangle.  Parameters 
 
gcGraphicsContextBase


The graphics context.  
points(3, 2) array-like


Array of (x, y) points for the triangle.  
colors(3, 4) array-like


RGBA colors for each point of the triangle.  
transformmatplotlib.transforms.Transform


An affine transform to apply to the points.     
   draw_gouraud_triangles(gc, triangles_array, colors_array, transform)[source]
 
Draw a series of Gouraud triangles.  Parameters 
 
points(N, 3, 2) array-like


Array of N (x, y) points for the triangles.  
colors(N, 3, 4) array-like


Array of N RGBA colors for each point of the triangles.  
transformmatplotlib.transforms.Transform


An affine transform to apply to the points.     
   draw_image(gc, x, y, im, transform=None)[source]
 
Draw an RGBA image.  Parameters 
 
gcGraphicsContextBase


A graphics context with clipping information.  
xscalar


The distance in physical units (i.e., dots or pixels) from the left hand side of the canvas.  
yscalar


The distance in physical units (i.e., dots or pixels) from the bottom side of the canvas.  
im(N, M, 4) array-like of np.uint8


An array of RGBA pixels.  
transformmatplotlib.transforms.Affine2DBase


If and only if the concrete backend is written such that option_scale_image() returns True, an affine transformation (i.e., an Affine2DBase) may be passed to draw_image(). The translation vector of the transformation is given in physical units (i.e., dots or pixels). Note that the transformation does not override x and y, and has to be applied before translating the result by x and y (this can be accomplished by adding x and y to the translation vector defined by transform).     
   draw_markers(gc, marker_path, marker_trans, path, trans, rgbFace=None)[source]
 
Draw a marker at each of path's vertices (excluding control points). This provides a fallback implementation of draw_markers that makes multiple calls to draw_path(). Some backends may want to override this method in order to draw the marker only once and reuse it multiple times.  Parameters 
 
gcGraphicsContextBase


The graphics context.  
marker_transmatplotlib.transforms.Transform


An affine transform applied to the marker.  
transmatplotlib.transforms.Transform


An affine transform applied to the path.     
   draw_path(gc, path, transform, rgbFace=None)[source]
 
Draw a Path instance using the given affine transform. 
   draw_path_collection(gc, master_transform, paths, all_transforms, offsets, offsetTrans, facecolors, edgecolors, linewidths, linestyles, antialiaseds, urls, offset_position)[source]
 
Draw a collection of paths selecting drawing properties from the lists facecolors, edgecolors, linewidths, linestyles and antialiaseds. offsets is a list of offsets to apply to each of the paths. The offsets in offsets are first transformed by offsetTrans before being applied. offset_position is unused now, but the argument is kept for backwards compatibility. This provides a fallback implementation of draw_path_collection() that makes multiple calls to draw_path(). Some backends may want to override this in order to render each set of path data only once, and then reference that path multiple times with the different offsets, colors, styles etc. The generator methods _iter_collection_raw_paths() and _iter_collection() are provided to help with (and standardize) the implementation across backends. It is highly recommended to use those generators, so that changes to the behavior of draw_path_collection() can be made globally. 
   draw_quad_mesh(gc, master_transform, meshWidth, meshHeight, coordinates, offsets, offsetTrans, facecolors, antialiased, edgecolors)[source]
 
Fallback implementation of draw_quad_mesh() that generates paths and then calls draw_path_collection(). 
   draw_tex(gc, x, y, s, prop, angle, *, mtext=None)[source]

   draw_text(gc, x, y, s, prop, angle, ismath=False, mtext=None)[source]
 
Draw the text instance.  Parameters 
 
gcGraphicsContextBase


The graphics context.  
xfloat


The x location of the text in display coords.  
yfloat


The y location of the text baseline in display coords.  
sstr


The text string.  
propmatplotlib.font_manager.FontProperties


The font properties.  
anglefloat


The rotation angle in degrees anti-clockwise.  
mtextmatplotlib.text.Text


The original text object to be rendered.     Notes Note for backend implementers: When you are trying to determine if you have gotten your bounding box right (which is what enables the text layout/alignment to work properly), it helps to change the line in text.py: if 0: bbox_artist(self, renderer)
 to if 1, and then the actual bounding box will be plotted along with your text. 
   flipy()[source]
 
Return whether y values increase from top to bottom. Note that this only affects drawing of texts and images. 
   get_canvas_width_height()[source]
 
Return the canvas width and height in display coords. 
   get_image_magnification()[source]
 
Get the factor by which to magnify images passed to draw_image(). Allows a backend to have images at a different resolution to other artists. 
   get_texmanager()[source]
 
Return the TexManager instance. 
   get_text_width_height_descent(s, prop, ismath)[source]
 
Get the width, height, and descent (offset from the bottom to the baseline), in display coords, of the string s with FontProperties prop. 
   new_gc()[source]
 
Return an instance of a GraphicsContextBase. 
   open_group(s, gid=None)[source]
 
Open a grouping element with label s and gid (if set) as id. Only used by the SVG renderer. 
   option_image_nocomposite()[source]
 
Return whether image composition by Matplotlib should be skipped. Raster backends should usually return False (letting the C-level rasterizer take care of image composition); vector backends should usually return not rcParams["image.composite_image"]. 
   option_scale_image()[source]
 
Return whether arbitrary affine transformations in draw_image() are supported (True for most vector backends). 
   points_to_pixels(points)[source]
 
Convert points to display units. You need to override this function (unless your backend doesn't have a dpi, e.g., postscript or svg). Some imaging systems assume some value for pixels per inch: points to pixels = points * pixels_per_inch/72 * dpi/72
  Parameters 
 
pointsfloat or array-like


a float or a numpy array of float    Returns 
 Points converted to pixels
   
   start_filter()[source]
 
Switch to a temporary renderer for image filtering effects. Currently only supported by the agg renderer. 
   start_rasterizing()[source]
 
Switch to the raster renderer. Used by MixedModeRenderer. 
   stop_filter(filter_func)[source]
 
Switch back to the original renderer. The contents of the temporary renderer is processed with the filter_func and is drawn on the original renderer as an image. Currently only supported by the agg renderer. 
   stop_rasterizing()[source]
 
Switch back to the vector renderer and draw the contents of the raster renderer as an image on the vector renderer. Used by MixedModeRenderer. 
 
   classmatplotlib.backend_bases.ResizeEvent(name, canvas)[source]
 
Bases: matplotlib.backend_bases.Event An event triggered by a canvas resize. A ResizeEvent has a number of special attributes in addition to those defined by the parent Event class.  Attributes 
 
widthint


Width of the canvas in pixels.  
heightint


Height of the canvas in pixels.     
   classmatplotlib.backend_bases.ShowBase[source]
 
Bases: matplotlib.backend_bases._Backend Simple base class to generate a show() function in backends. Subclass must override mainloop() method. 
   classmatplotlib.backend_bases.TimerBase(interval=None, callbacks=None)[source]
 
Bases: object A base class for providing timer events, useful for things animations. Backends need to implement a few specific methods in order to use their own timing mechanisms so that the timer events are integrated into their event loops. Subclasses must override the following methods:  
_timer_start: Backend-specific code for starting the timer. 
_timer_stop: Backend-specific code for stopping the timer.  Subclasses may additionally override the following methods:  
_timer_set_single_shot: Code for setting the timer to single shot operating mode, if supported by the timer object. If not, the Timer class itself will store the flag and the _on_timer method should be overridden to support such behavior. 
_timer_set_interval: Code for setting the interval on the timer, if there is a method for doing so on the timer object. 
_on_timer: The internal function that any timer object should call, which will handle the task of running all callbacks that have been set.   Parameters 
 
intervalint, default: 1000ms


The time between timer events in milliseconds. Will be stored as timer.interval.  
callbackslist[tuple[callable, tuple, dict]]


List of (func, args, kwargs) tuples that will be called upon timer events. This list is accessible as timer.callbacks and can be manipulated directly, or the functions add_callback and remove_callback can be used.       add_callback(func, *args, **kwargs)[source]
 
Register func to be called by timer when the event fires. Any additional arguments provided will be passed to func. This function returns func, which makes it possible to use it as a decorator. 
   propertyinterval
 
The time between timer events, in milliseconds. 
   remove_callback(func, *args, **kwargs)[source]
 
Remove func from list of callbacks. args and kwargs are optional and used to distinguish between copies of the same function registered to be called with different arguments. This behavior is deprecated. In the future, *args, **kwargs won't be considered anymore; to keep a specific callback removable by itself, pass it to add_callback as a functools.partial object. 
   propertysingle_shot
 
Whether this timer should stop after a single run. 
   start(interval=None)[source]
 
Start the timer object.  Parameters 
 
intervalint, optional


Timer interval in milliseconds; overrides a previously set interval if provided.     
   stop()[source]
 
Stop the timer. 
 
   classmatplotlib.backend_bases.ToolContainerBase(toolmanager)[source]
 
Bases: object Base class for all tool containers, e.g. toolbars.  Attributes 
 
toolmanagerToolManager


The tools with which this ToolContainer wants to communicate.       add_tool(tool, group, position=- 1)[source]
 
Add a tool to this container.  Parameters 
 
tooltool_like


The tool to add, see ToolManager.get_tool.  
groupstr


The name of the group to add this tool to.  
positionint, default: -1


The position within the group to place this tool.     
   add_toolitem(name, group, position, image, description, toggle)[source]
 
Add a toolitem to the container. This method must be implemented per backend. The callback associated with the button click event, must be exactly self.trigger_tool(name).  Parameters 
 
namestr


Name of the tool to add, this gets used as the tool's ID and as the default label of the buttons.  
groupstr


Name of the group that this tool belongs to.  
positionint


Position of the tool within its group, if -1 it goes at the end.  
imagestr


Filename of the image for the button or None.  
descriptionstr


Description of the tool, used for the tooltips.  
togglebool


 
True : The button is a toggle (change the pressed/unpressed state between consecutive clicks). 
False : The button is a normal button (returns to unpressed state after release).      
   remove_toolitem(name)[source]
 
Remove a toolitem from the ToolContainer. This method must get implemented per backend. Called when ToolManager emits a tool_removed_event.  Parameters 
 
namestr


Name of the tool to remove.     
   set_message(s)[source]
 
Display a message on the toolbar.  Parameters 
 
sstr


Message text.     
   toggle_toolitem(name, toggled)[source]
 
Toggle the toolitem without firing event.  Parameters 
 
namestr


Id of the tool to toggle.  
toggledbool


Whether to set this tool as toggled or not.     
   trigger_tool(name)[source]
 
Trigger the tool.  Parameters 
 
namestr


Name (id) of the tool triggered from within the container.     
 
   matplotlib.backend_bases.button_press_handler(event, canvas=None, toolbar=None)[source]
 
The default Matplotlib button actions for extra mouse buttons. Parameters are as for key_press_handler, except that event is a MouseEvent. 
   matplotlib.backend_bases.get_registered_canvas_class(format)[source]
 
Return the registered default canvas for given file format. Handles deferred import of required backend. 
   matplotlib.backend_bases.key_press_handler(event, canvas=None, toolbar=None)[source]
 
Implement the default Matplotlib key bindings for the canvas and toolbar described at Navigation keyboard shortcuts.  Parameters 
 
eventKeyEvent


A key press/release event.  
canvasFigureCanvasBase, default: event.canvas


The backend-specific canvas instance. This parameter is kept for back-compatibility, but, if set, should always be equal to event.canvas.  
toolbarNavigationToolbar2, default: event.canvas.toolbar


The navigation cursor toolbar. This parameter is kept for back-compatibility, but, if set, should always be equal to event.canvas.toolbar.     
   matplotlib.backend_bases.register_backend(format, backend, description=None)[source]
 
Register a backend for saving to a given file format.  Parameters 
 
formatstr


File extension  
backendmodule string or canvas class


Backend for handling file output  
descriptionstr, default: ""


Description of the file type.