sklearn.feature_extraction.DictVectorizer  
class sklearn.feature_extraction.DictVectorizer(*, dtype=<class 'numpy.float64'>, separator='=', sparse=True, sort=True) [source]
 
Transforms lists of feature-value mappings to vectors. This transformer turns lists of mappings (dict-like objects) of feature names to feature values into Numpy arrays or scipy.sparse matrices for use with scikit-learn estimators. When feature values are strings, this transformer will do a binary one-hot (aka one-of-K) coding: one boolean-valued feature is constructed for each of the possible string values that the feature can take on. For instance, a feature “f” that can take on the values “ham” and “spam” will become two features in the output, one signifying “f=ham”, the other “f=spam”. If a feature value is a sequence or set of strings, this transformer will iterate over the values and will count the occurrences of each string value. However, note that this transformer will only do a binary one-hot encoding when feature values are of type string. If categorical features are represented as numeric values such as int or iterables of strings, the DictVectorizer can be followed by OneHotEncoder to complete binary one-hot encoding. Features that do not occur in a sample (mapping) will have a zero value in the resulting array/matrix. Read more in the User Guide.  Parameters 
 
dtypedtype, default=np.float64 

The type of feature values. Passed to Numpy array/scipy.sparse matrix constructors as the dtype argument.  
separatorstr, default=”=” 

Separator string used when constructing new features for one-hot coding.  
sparsebool, default=True 

Whether transform should produce scipy.sparse matrices.  
sortbool, default=True 

Whether feature_names_ and vocabulary_ should be sorted when fitting.    Attributes 
 
vocabulary_dict 

A dictionary mapping feature names to feature indices.  
feature_names_list 

A list of length n_features containing the feature names (e.g., “f=ham” and “f=spam”).      See also  
FeatureHasher


Performs vectorization using only a hash function.  
sklearn.preprocessing.OrdinalEncoder


Handles nominal/categorical features encoded as columns of arbitrary data types.    Examples >>> from sklearn.feature_extraction import DictVectorizer
>>> v = DictVectorizer(sparse=False)
>>> D = [{'foo': 1, 'bar': 2}, {'foo': 3, 'baz': 1}]
>>> X = v.fit_transform(D)
>>> X
array([[2., 0., 1.],
       [0., 1., 3.]])
>>> v.inverse_transform(X) == [{'bar': 2.0, 'foo': 1.0},
...                            {'baz': 1.0, 'foo': 3.0}]
True
>>> v.transform({'foo': 4, 'unseen_feature': 3})
array([[0., 0., 4.]])
 Methods  
fit(X[, y]) Learn a list of feature name -> indices mappings.  
fit_transform(X[, y]) Learn a list of feature name -> indices mappings and transform X.  
get_feature_names() Returns a list of feature names, ordered by their indices.  
get_params([deep]) Get parameters for this estimator.  
inverse_transform(X[, dict_type]) Transform array or sparse matrix X back to feature mappings.  
restrict(support[, indices]) Restrict the features to those in support using feature selection.  
set_params(**params) Set the parameters of this estimator.  
transform(X) Transform feature->value dicts to array or sparse matrix.    
fit(X, y=None) [source]
 
Learn a list of feature name -> indices mappings.  Parameters 
 
XMapping or iterable over Mappings 

Dict(s) or Mapping(s) from feature names (arbitrary Python objects) to feature values (strings or convertible to dtype).  Changed in version 0.24: Accepts multiple string values for one categorical feature.   
y(ignored) 
  Returns 
 self
   
  
fit_transform(X, y=None) [source]
 
Learn a list of feature name -> indices mappings and transform X. Like fit(X) followed by transform(X), but does not require materializing X in memory.  Parameters 
 
XMapping or iterable over Mappings 

Dict(s) or Mapping(s) from feature names (arbitrary Python objects) to feature values (strings or convertible to dtype).  Changed in version 0.24: Accepts multiple string values for one categorical feature.   
y(ignored) 
  Returns 
 
Xa{array, sparse matrix} 

Feature vectors; always 2-d.     
  
get_feature_names() [source]
 
Returns a list of feature names, ordered by their indices. If one-of-K coding is applied to categorical features, this will include the constructed feature names but not the original ones. 
  
get_params(deep=True) [source]
 
Get parameters for this estimator.  Parameters 
 
deepbool, default=True 

If True, will return the parameters for this estimator and contained subobjects that are estimators.    Returns 
 
paramsdict 

Parameter names mapped to their values.     
  
inverse_transform(X, dict_type=<class 'dict'>) [source]
 
Transform array or sparse matrix X back to feature mappings. X must have been produced by this DictVectorizer’s transform or fit_transform method; it may only have passed through transformers that preserve the number of features and their order. In the case of one-hot/one-of-K coding, the constructed feature names and values are returned rather than the original ones.  Parameters 
 
X{array-like, sparse matrix} of shape (n_samples, n_features) 

Sample matrix.  
dict_typetype, default=dict 

Constructor for feature mappings. Must conform to the collections.Mapping API.    Returns 
 
Dlist of dict_type objects of shape (n_samples,) 

Feature mappings for the samples in X.     
  
restrict(support, indices=False) [source]
 
Restrict the features to those in support using feature selection. This function modifies the estimator in-place.  Parameters 
 
supportarray-like 

Boolean mask or list of indices (as returned by the get_support member of feature selectors).  
indicesbool, default=False 

Whether support is a list of indices.    Returns 
 self
   Examples >>> from sklearn.feature_extraction import DictVectorizer
>>> from sklearn.feature_selection import SelectKBest, chi2
>>> v = DictVectorizer()
>>> D = [{'foo': 1, 'bar': 2}, {'foo': 3, 'baz': 1}]
>>> X = v.fit_transform(D)
>>> support = SelectKBest(chi2, k=2).fit(X, [0, 1])
>>> v.get_feature_names()
['bar', 'baz', 'foo']
>>> v.restrict(support.get_support())
DictVectorizer()
>>> v.get_feature_names()
['bar', 'foo']
 
  
set_params(**params) [source]
 
Set the parameters of this estimator. The method works on simple estimators as well as on nested objects (such as Pipeline). The latter have parameters of the form <component>__<parameter> so that it’s possible to update each component of a nested object.  Parameters 
 
**paramsdict 

Estimator parameters.    Returns 
 
selfestimator instance 

Estimator instance.     
  
transform(X) [source]
 
Transform feature->value dicts to array or sparse matrix. Named features not encountered during fit or fit_transform will be silently ignored.  Parameters 
 
XMapping or iterable over Mappings of shape (n_samples,) 

Dict(s) or Mapping(s) from feature names (arbitrary Python objects) to feature values (strings or convertible to dtype).    Returns 
 
Xa{array, sparse matrix} 

Feature vectors; always 2-d.     
 
 Examples using sklearn.feature_extraction.DictVectorizer
 
  Column Transformer with Heterogeneous Data Sources  

  FeatureHasher and DictVectorizer Comparison