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A new article in Nature Geoscience describes an innovative approach employed to derive ice-mass changes from GRACE data. | These external forcings can be natural, such as variations in solar intensity and volcanic eruptions, or caused by humans. | 0 | [
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"Satellite measurements indicate an absence of significant global warming since 1979, the very period that human carbon dioxide emissions have been increasing rapidly. | Venus receives about twice the sunlight that Earth does, which is thought to have contributed to its runaway greenhouse effect. | 0 | [
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The divergence of tree-ring proxies from temperatures after 1960 is openly discussed in the peer-reviewed literature and the last two IPCC assessment reports. | Between then and 2010, the mountain lost 80 percent of its ice — two-thirds of which since another scientific expedition in the 1970s. | 0 | [
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Neither the rate nor the magnitude of the reported late twentieth century surface warming (1979–2000) lay outside normal natural variability. | Simultaneously, the capacity of the atmosphere to carry precipitation increases with temperature so that precipitation, in the form of snowfall, increases in global and regional models. | 0 | [
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According to the study, as carbon levels have risen, the cold air at high altitudes over the tropics has actually grown colder. | Increases in atmospheric concentrations of CO 2 and other long-lived greenhouse gases such as methane, nitrous oxide and ozone have correspondingly strengthened their absorption and emission of infrared radiation, causing the rise in average global temperature since the mid-20th century. | 1 | [
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The long term trend from albedo is of cooling. | The scattering of radiation causes atmospheric cooling, whereas absorption can cause atmospheric warming. | 1 | [
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Polar bear numbers are increasing. | In two areas where harvest levels have been increased based on increased sightings, science-based studies have indicated declining populations, and a third area is considered data-deficient. | 1 | [
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Focusing on a few suggestive emails, taken out of context, merely serves to distract from the wealth of empirical evidence for man-made global warming. | There are generally four types of tropical savanna climates: Distinct wet and dry seasons of relatively equal duration. | 0 | [
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43% of CO2 from commercial aviation was linked to passenger movement in narrowbody aircraft, followed by widebody jets (33%), and regional aircraft (5%). | Winters are cool and wet with December, the coolest month, averaging 40.6 °F (4.8 °C), with 28 annual days with lows that reach the freezing mark, and 2.0 days where the temperature stays at or below freezing all day; the temperature rarely lowers to 20 °F (−7 °C). | 0 | [
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"In fact global warming has stopped and a cooling is beginning. | The ENSO cycle, including both El Niño and La Niña, causes global changes in temperature and rainfall. | 0 | [
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The Petition Project features over 31,000 scientists signing the petition stating "There is no convincing scientific evidence that human release of carbon dioxide will, in the forseeable future, cause catastrophic heating of the Earth's atmosphere ...". | Impacts include the direct effects of extreme weather, leading to injury and loss of life; and indirect effects, such as undernutrition brought on by crop failures. | 0 | [
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“‘The Arctic may be remote, but changes that occur there directly affect us. | Permafrost and clathrates degrade on warming, and thus, large releases of methane from these sources may arise as a result of global warming. | 0 | [
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Rather, global polar bear numbers have been stable or slightly improved.” | "Scientists keep upping their projections for how much the oceans will rise this century". | 0 | [
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Big rooftop solar's plan forces Nevada families who don't have solar panels to pay higher power bills to subsidize rooftop solar. | Households with a smaller number of solar panels would likely see their rates go up under the proposal. | 1 | [
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Humans are small but powerful, and human CO2 emissions are causing global warming. | In his announcement, Obama stated that the plan includes the first standards on carbon dioxide emissions from power plants ever proposed by the Environmental Protection Agency. | 0 | [
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Multiple lines of evidence make it very clear that the rise in atmospheric CO2 is due to human emissions. | During the reshoots in May, the inside of the farm house was painted sepia, and when Dorothy opens the door, it is not Garland, but her stand-in, Bobbie Koshay, wearing a sepia gingham dress, who then backs out of frame; once the camera moves through the door, Garland steps back into frame in her bright blue gingham dress (as noted in DVD extras), and the sepia-painted door briefly tints her with the same color before she emerges from the house's shadow, into the bright glare of the Technicolor lighting. | 0 | [
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Because the collapse of vulnerable parts of the ice sheet could raise the sea level dramatically, the continued existence of the world’s great coastal cities — Miami, New York, Shanghai and many more — is tied to Antarctica’s fate. | However, it is the outflow of the ice from the land to form the ice shelf which causes a rise in global sea level. | 1 | [
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In pushing too hard for the case that global warming is universally bad for everything, the administration’s report undermines the reasonable case for climate action. | They challenged the scientific evidence, argued that global warming would have benefits, warned that concern for global warming was some kind of socialist plot to undermine American capitalism, and asserted that proposed solutions would do more harm than good. | 1 | [
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But it means a chunk of the rise is coming from elsewhere. | If lowercase, the chunk may be safely copied regardless of the extent of modifications to the file. | 1 | [
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Arctic sea ice extent was lower in the past. | Arctic sea ice extent ice hit an all-time low in September 2012, when the ice was determined to cover only 24% of the Arctic Ocean, offsetting the previous low of 29% in 2007. | 1 | [
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If ECS is as low as the Energy Balance literature suggests, it means that the climate models we have been using for decades run too hot and need to be revised. | Ignoring these factors causes lower estimates of climate sensitivity when using radiative forcing and temperature records from the historical period. | 0 | [
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The long term trend from albedo is that of cooling. | Before the Industrial Revolution, naturally occurring amounts of greenhouse gases caused the air near the surface to be warmer by about 33 °C (59 °F) than it would be in their absence. | 0 | [
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The human fingerprint in global warming is evident in multiple lines of empirical evidence - in satellite measurements of outgoing infrared radiation, in surface measurements of downward infrared radiation, in the cooling stratosphere and other metrics. | The last continental glaciation ended 10,000 years ago. | 0 | [
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“‘If you remove the ice shelf, there’s a potential that not just ice-cliff instabilities will start occurring, but a process called marine ice-sheet instabilities,’ says Matthew Wise, a polar scientist at the University of Cambridge. | Record temperature extremes range from −28 °F (−33 °C), on January 19, 1971, to 104 °F (40 °C) on July 4, 1911. | 0 | [
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Greenland on the whole is losing ice, as confirmed by satellite measurement. | The effects of global warming include rising sea levels, regional changes in precipitation, more frequent extreme weather events such as heat waves, and expansion of deserts. | 0 | [
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The effect of this disparity is that thermal radiation escaping to space comes mostly from the cold upper atmosphere, while the surface is maintained at a substantially warmer temperature. | A temperature range of about three degrees Fahrenheit separates the average monthly temperatures of the coolest and hottest months. | 0 | [
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The report, published in the journal Nature Geoscience on September 18, acknowledges that most of the models of warming trends failed to predict the ‘slowdown’ in warming post-2000, resulting in less pronounced warming than predicted and thus more room in the CO2 ‘emissions budget’ for the coming decades. | This large-scale pattern of change is a robust feature present in nearly all of the simulations conducted by the world's climate modeling groups for the 4th Assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and is also evident in observed 20th century precipitation trends. | 0 | [
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Donald Trump "thinks that climate change is a hoax, invented by the Chinese." | Changes in ocean chemistry can have extensive direct and indirect effects on organisms and their habitats. | 0 | [
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Recent modelling data suggests the climate is considerably more sensitive to carbon emissions than previously believed | Climate sensitivity is typically estimated in three ways; by using observations taken during the industrial age, by using temperature and other data from the Earth's past and by modelling the climate system in computers. | 1 | [
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In truth, the overwhelming majority of climate-research funding comes from the federal government and left-wing foundations. | Alterations to the ocean currents, due to increased freshwater inputs from glacier melt, and the potential alterations to thermohaline circulation of the worlds oceans, may affect existing fisheries upon which humans depend as well. | 0 | [
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satellites confirmed measurements from ground stations show a considerable, and naturally-occurring, global brightening from 1983-2001 (Pinker et al., 2005). | On October 24, 2005, Hurricane Wilma struck Collier County as a category-3 hurricane. | 0 | [
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Just 0.7% of the world’s forests are coastal mangroves, yet they store up to 10 times as much carbon per hectare as tropical forests. | Amazonian forests are estimated to have accumulated 0.62 ± 0.37 tons of carbon per hectare per year between 1975 and 1996. | 1 | [
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the media created the term polar vortex and the cold air proves the ice isn't melting. | This warm air carries heat to the permafrost around the Arctic, and melts it. | 1 | [
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The monetary cost of damages has increased dramatically in recent decades, but that is due to increasing population, wealth and the amount of vulnerable infrastructure. | It is possible that the current cooling trend may be interrupted by an interstadial in about 60,000 years, with the next glacial maximum reached only in about 100,000 years. | 0 | [
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Often the compensatory cooling, known as La Nina, is larger than the El Nino warming.” | La Nina ( / lɑːˈniːnjə / , Spanish pronunciation : [ la ˈniɲa ] ) is a coupled ocean-atmosphere phenomenon that is the colder counterpart of El Nino, as part of the broader El Nino–Southern Oscillation climate pattern. | 1 | [
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In South Florida, we've had nine inches of sea-level rise since the 1920s. | 18 January 2019. | 1 | [
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Global warming leads to much quicker spread of the Zika virus because the increased temperature, "makes mosquitoes mature faster, . . . | Water also dissolves many gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide—the latter giving the fizz of carbonated beverages, sparkling wines and beers. | 0 | [
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There's no empirical evidence for climate change. | Scientific skepticism concerns testing beliefs for reliability, by subjecting them to systematic investigation using the scientific method, to discover empirical evidence for them. | 1 | [
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[T]he overwhelming majority of peer-reviewed studies [find] that CO2 in the atmosphere remained there a short time. | In a September 1985 press conference, Reagan said: "this is a top priority with us ... there's no question about the seriousness of this and the need to find an answer." | 0 | [
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El Niño drove record highs in global temperatures suggesting rise may not be down to man-made emissions. | The OISM website states that "several members of the Institute's staff are also well known for their work on the Petition Project", and that the petition has "more than 31,000" signatures by scientists. | 0 | [
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The two most cited composites are PMOD and ACRIM. | GCMs and global climate models are used for weather forecasting, understanding the climate, and forecasting climate change. | 0 | [
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Evidence is growing that the comparatively cold zone within the Northern Atlantic could be due to a slowdown of this global ocean water circulation. | Additional fresh water flowing into the North Atlantic during a warming cycle may also reduce the global ocean water circulation. | 1 | [
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That humans are causing the rise in atmospheric CO2 is confirmed by multiple isotopic analyses. | The IPCC Second Assessment Report (SAR) of 1996 featured a graph of an early northern hemisphere reconstruction by Raymond S. Bradley and Phil Jones, and noted the 1994 reconstruction by Hughes and Henry F. Diaz questioning how widespread the Medieval Warm Period had been at any one time. | 0 | [
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Which means that if the planet is five degrees warmer at the end of the century, we may have as many as 50 percent more people to feed and 50 percent less grain to give them.” | Firstly, tropical continents are more reflective than open ocean, and so absorb less of the Sun's heat: most absorption of Solar energy on Earth today occurs in tropical oceans. | 0 | [
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When the internal variability is removed from the temperature record, what we find is nearly monotonic, accelerating warming throughout the 20th Century. | This effect results in a negative feedback process that can inhibit further development or lead to weakening. | 0 | [
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Opponents of climate action are getting twice as much airtime as proponents of climate action. | "Scarlet fever, a disease of yore, is making a comeback in parts of the world". | 0 | [
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Their analysis calculates the existential climate-related security risk to Earth through a scenario set 30 years into the future. | The authors of this study believe that the mentioned agricultural crisis will begin to have an effect on the world after 2020, and will become critical after 2050. | 1 | [
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Royal Society embraces skepticism | For example, the mole fraction of carbon dioxide has increased from 280 ppm to 415 ppm, or 120 ppm over modern pre-industrial levels. | 0 | [
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A World Heritage site, it is currently under assault from unusually hot ocean temperatures,” | Potential methane releases from the region, especially through the thawing of permafrost and methane clathrates, may occur. | 0 | [
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Urban and rural regions show the same warming trend. | For example, urban and rural trends are very similar. | 1 | [
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Austria is today seeing its earliest snowfall in history with 30 to 40 centimetres already predicted in the mountains. | This law of neutrality, passed in late October 1955 ( and not the State Treaty itself ), ensured that modern Austria would align with neither NATO nor the Soviet bloc, and is considered one of the reasons for Austria's delayed entry into the European Union in 1995. | 1 | [
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There is no single continuous satellite measurement of Total Solar Irradiance (TSI). | Their report also states that due to global warming the number of future hurricanes will "either decrease or remain essentially unchanged" overall, but the ones that do form will likely be stronger, with fiercer winds and heavier rains. | 0 | [
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Most people expect this year will see a record low in the Arctic’s summer sea-ice cover. | The law on carbon tax, also known as the Carbon Pricing Act, was passed on 20 March 2018. | 0 | [
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By 2100 the seas will rise another 6 inches or so—a far cry from Al Gore’s alarming numbers | The heat needed to raise an average temperature increase of the entire world ocean by 0.01 °C would increase the atmospheric temperature by approximately 10 °C. | 0 | [
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'The UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change misled the press and public into believing that thousands of scientists backed its claims on manmade global warming, according to Mike Hulme, a prominent climate scientist and IPCC insider. | The curve shown in graphs of these reconstructions is widely known as the hockey stick graph because of the sharp increase in temperatures during the last century. | 0 | [
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The extreme cycles of dry and wet weather appear to have been intensifying over the last three decades. | Disease tends to intensify under the same conditions that unemployment and economic difficulties arise : prolonged, cold, dry seasons. | 1 | [
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While geologists have studied events in the past similar to what appears to be happening today, scientists are largely unsure of what lies ahead. | Around much of Earth, deglaciation during the last 100 years has been accelerating as a result of climate change, partly brought on by anthropogenic changes to greenhouse gases. | 0 | [
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The EPA director under Obama said the Clean Power Initiative would have no effect on man-made CO2 emissions. | In 2014, President Barack Obama proposed a series of Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA ) regulations, known as the Clean Power Plan that would reduce carbon pollution from coal-fired power plants. | 1 | [
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In the sugarcane region of El Salvador, as much as one-fifth of the population has chronic kidney disease, including over a quarter of the men, the presumed result of dehydration from working the fields they were able to comfortably harvest as recently as two decades ago. | Only when the amount of functioning kidney tissue is greatly diminished does one develop chronic kidney disease. | 1 | [
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This means the jet stream meanders more, with big loops bringing warm air to the frozen north and cold air into warmer southern climes.” | CO 2 absorbs and emits infrared radiation at wavelengths of 4.26 µm (asymmetric stretching vibrational mode) and 14.99 µm (bending vibrational mode) and consequently is a greenhouse gas that plays a significant role in influencing Earth's surface temperature through the greenhouse effect. | 0 | [
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It appears, for the entire tropics, the observed outgoing radiation fluxes increase with the increase in sea surface temperatures ( SSTs ). | However, over time the term has evolved and now refers to the warm and negative phase of the El Nino–Southern Oscillation and is the warming of the ocean surface or above-average sea surface temperatures in either the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. | 1 | [
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Venus is not hot because of a runaway greenhouse. | A related concept is the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions, which is the globally averaged surface temperature change per unit of CO 2 emitted. | 0 | [
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Surface temperatures can show short-term cooling when heat is exchanged between the atmosphere and the ocean, which has a much greater heat capacity than the air. | Scientists have found evidence that increased evaporation could result in more extreme weather as global warming progresses. | 0 | [
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The rate of warming according to the data is much slower than the models used by the IPCC | published on 10 February 2005 used a wavelet transform technique to reconstruct Northern Hemisphere temperatures over the last 2,000 years, combining low-resolution proxy data such as lake and ocean sediments for century-scale or longer changes, with tree ring proxies only used for annual to decadal resolution. | 0 | [
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While there are minor errors in An Inconvenient Truth, the main truths presented - evidence to show mankind is causing global warming and its various impacts is consistent with peer reviewed science. | Increased temperatures may allow herbivores to expand further into alpine regions, significant impacting the composition of alpine herbfields. | 0 | [
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Early estimates of ocean heat from the Argo showed a cooling bias due to pressure sensor issues. | Ocean heat content can be estimated using temperature measurements obtained by a Nansen bottle, an ARGO float, or ocean acoustic tomography. | 1 | [
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It also concludes that current northern hemisphere surface air temperatures are significantly higher than during the peak of the Medieval Warm Period (MWP). | In November 2017, a second warning to humanity signed by 15,364 scientists from 184 countries stated that "the current trajectory of potentially catastrophic climate change due to rising greenhouse gases from burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and agricultural production – particularly from farming ruminants for meat consumption" is "especially troubling". | 0 | [
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More importantly, the OISM list only contains 39 scientists who specialise in climate science. | Crudely extrapolating, the petition supporters include a core of about 200 climate researchers – a respectable number, though rather a small fraction of the climatological community. | 1 | [
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More than half of the 44 studies selected for publication found that raised levels of CO2 had little or no impact on marine life, including crabs, limpets, sea urchins and sponges | More recently, anthropogenic activities have steadily increased the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere; about 30–40% of the added CO2 is absorbed by the oceans, forming carbonic acid and lowering the pH ( now below 8.1 ) through a process called ocean acidification. | 1 | [
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the U.S. is shattering high temperature records far more frequently than it is shattering low temperature records. | The lowest recorded temperature was 27 °F ( −3 °C ) on December 11, 1932. | 1 | [
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Ancient natural cycles are irrelevant for attributing recent global warming to humans. | If a day takes years, the temperature differential between the day and night side will be pronounced, and problems similar to those noted with extreme orbital eccentricity will come to the fore. | 0 | [
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temperature under the ice is fixed at -2C. Thus elevated winter air temperatures | Almost all of India is flood-prone, and extreme precipitation events, such as flash floods and torrential rains, have become increasingly common in central India over the past several decades, coinciding with rising temperatures. | 0 | [
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From 1970 until 1998 there was a warming period that raised temperatures by about 0.7 F that helped spawn the global warming alarmist movement. | The feedback due to water vapor is a major factor in determining how much warming would be expected to occur with increased atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide, and all existing computer models assume positive feedback — that is, that as the climate warms, the amount of water vapour held in the atmosphere will increase, leading to further warming. | 0 | [
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Over the past eight years, the United States has reduced our total carbon pollution more than any other nation on Earth. | The Science and Technology Select Committee inquiry reported on 31 March 2010 that it had found that "the scientific reputation of Professor Jones and CRU remains intact". | 0 | [
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While there has been a mean rise of a little more than 3mm per year worldwide since the 1990s, in the last decade, the NOAA Virginia Key tide gauge just south of Miami Beach has measured a 9mm rise annually.” | Between 1993 and 2017, the global mean sea level rose on average by 3.1 ± 0.3 mm per year, with an acceleration detected as well. | 1 | [
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We didn't have global warming during the Industrial Revolution | After an initial warming due to emissions of greenhouse gases, the atmosphere will hold more water. | 0 | [
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[South Australia] has the most expensive electricity in the world. | Gross increases are mostly attributed to increased population and property values in vulnerable coastal areas; though there was also an increase in frequency of weather-related events like heavy rainfalls since the 1950s. | 0 | [
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Heatwaves occur in any climate, but we know that heatwaves are becoming much more likely due to climate change. | Just as on land, heat waves in the ocean occur more due to climate change, with harmful effects found on a wide range of organisms such as corals, kelp, and seabirds. | 1 | [
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Carbon emissions are declining in most rich nations and have been declining in Britain, Germany, and France since the mid-1970s | While recently a suggests a significant revision of methane IPCC formula. | 0 | [
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Ice cap is disappearing far more rapidly than previously estimated, and is part of a long-term trend, new research shows | However, the long-term trend is for the plant life on land to die off altogether as most of the remaining carbon in the atmosphere becomes sequestered in the Earth. | 1 | [
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Our evolving dynamic planet has survived[ … ] mass extinctions | The Holocene extinction event is an ongoing mass extinction associated with humanity's expansion across the globe over the past few thousand years. | 1 | [
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The iris hypothesis has not withstood the test of time - subsequent research | "Antarctic ice shelf disintegration triggered by sea ice loss and ocean swell". | 0 | [
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The heat extremes were especially pervasive in the Arctic, with temperatures in the fall running 20 to 30 degrees Fahrenheit above normal across large stretches of the Arctic Ocean. | [1] In their latest study (September 20, 2007) NASA researchers have confirmed that Antarctic snow is melting farther inland from the coast over time, melting at higher altitudes than ever and increasingly melting on Antarctica's largest ice shelf. | 0 | [
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Internal variability can only account for small amounts of warming and cooling over periods of decades, and scientific studies have consistently shown that it cannot account for the global warming over the past century. | Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent global warming and related climate changes on Earth. | 1 | [
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Venus very likely underwent a runaway or ‘moist’ greenhouse phase earlier in its history, and today is kept hot by a dense CO2 atmosphere. | In two areas where harvest levels have been increased based on increased sightings, science-based studies have indicated declining populations, and a third area is considered data-deficient. | 0 | [
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The benefits of a price on carbon outweigh the costs several times over. | Successful adaptation is easier if there are substantial emission reductions. | 0 | [
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according, again, to the official figures—during this past 10 years, if anything, mean global temperature, average world temperature, has slightly declined. | Currently, surface temperatures are rising by about 0.2 °C per decade. | 1 | [
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“But the differences between NOAA and NASA aren’t that significant, Schmidt further argued, in the context of the bigger picture. | Water, fat, and other substances in the food absorb energy from the microwaves in a process called dielectric heating. | 0 | [
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There is no question whatsoever that the CO2 increase is human-caused. | The sharp acceleration in CO 2 emissions since 2000 to more than a 3% increase per year ( more than 2 ppm per year ) from 1.1% per year during the 1990s is attributable to the lapse of formerly declining trends in carbon intensity of both developing and developed nations. | 1 | [
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But his results are evidence that the actual climate sensitivity is about 3°C for a doubling of atmospheric CO2. | A planet's outgoing longwave radiation is limited by this evaporated water, which is an effective greenhouse gas and blocks additional infrared radiation as it accumulates in the atmosphere. | 0 | [
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“The worldwide temperature record has been changed. | During this period of time, little to no ice was present on Earth with a smaller difference in temperature from the equator to the poles. | 0 | [
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the temperature increase in the second half of the 20th century could have taken place in steps driven by major ENSO events ( Jens Raunsø Jensen ) | IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary 2014, p. 124 : Global warming refers to the gradual increase, observed or projected, in global surface temperature, as one of the consequences of radiative forcing caused by anthropogenic emissions. | 1 | [
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One of the main areas of contention is the existence of two strange climate episodes known as The Medieval Warm Period (MWP) and the Little Ice Age. | damaging Australia's Great Barrier Reef) and by water acidification from combustion monoxides. | 0 | [
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Climate change is due to cosmic rays. | "U.S. Report Confirms 2016 Was The Hottest Year On Record". | 0 | [
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the bushfires [in Australia] were caused by arsonists and a series of lightning strikes, not 'climate change' | Also, a report by the Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research stated that around three million years ago, levels of carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere were similar to today’s levels which increased temperature by two to three degrees Celsius and melted one third of Antarctica’s ice sheets. | 0 | [
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Extreme weather events are being made more frequent and worse by global warming. | Climate change caused by human activities that emit greenhouse gases into the air is expected to affect the frequency of extreme weather events such as drought, extreme temperatures, flooding, high winds, and severe storms. | 1 | [
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Numerous case studies on both regional and global scales have determined that renewable energy, if properly implemented, can provide baseload power. | Estimates for providing clean water and sanitation for the whole population of all continents have been as high as US$200 billion. | 0 | [
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The sun has not warmed since 1970 and so cannot be driving global warming. | It is a major aspect of climate change, and has been demonstrated by the instrumental temperature record which shows global warming of around 1 °C since the pre-industrial period, although the bulk of this ( 0.9°C ) has occurred since 1970. | 1 | [
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