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You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Sentence1: pesticides cause pollution.
Sentence2: pollution can harm animals.
Solution: pollution.
Why? The word "pollution" is common to Sentence1 and Sentence2. So, it's a good answer.
New input: Sentence1: a plant requires sunlight for photosynthesis.
Sentence2: Plants require nuclear reactions to grow.
Solution: | plant | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | fs_opt |
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Q: Sentence1: the force of water against the seed coat causes a root to emerge from a seed.
Sentence2: Germination depends on the seed coat.
A: coat
****
Q: Sentence1: infection can cause bodily tissues to swell.
Sentence2: Bacteria can cause bodily tissues to swell.
A: bodily
****
Q: Sentence1: harming an animal species has a negative impact on the population size of that species.
Sentence2: harming dogs has a negative impact on their population size.
A: | harming
****
| NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a context tweet, a question and corresponding answer of given question. Your task is to classify given passage into two categories: (1) "yes" if the given context is useful in answering the question, and (2) "no" if the given context is not useful.
[Q]: Context: Democrat Congresswoman totally fabricated what I said to the wife of a soldier who died in action (and I have proof). Sad!— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) October 18, 2017 Question: what did shia say the light installations do not provide? Answer: an original experience
[A]: no
[Q]: Context: Had a very #healthylunch today. The apple definitely made up for the "mystery mush" #ThanksMichelleObama Hunter Whitney (@huntwhitney4) November 13, 2014 Question: what meal did hunter have? Answer: lunch
[A]: yes
[Q]: Context: "You're born with love, you learn hatred, that was something I learnt that day" - Eto'o on Zaragoza incident #CNNFC CNN Football Club (@CNNFC) March 9, 2015 Question: who was stopped by the cops? Answer: chrisrock
[A]: | no
| NIv2 | task242_tweetqa_classification | fs_opt |
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Sentence1: Tree-ring dating the 1700 Cascadia earthquake.
Sentence2: estimating the age of trees can be used in reviewing earthquake history.
earthquake
Sentence1: harming an animal species causes that animal 's population to decrease.
Sentence2: Wild animal populations have decreased drastically, due to both hunting and loss of habitat.
animal
Sentence1: a plant requires sunlight for photosynthesis.
Sentence2: Plants require nuclear reactions to grow.
| plant
| NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | fs_opt |
Teacher:In this task, you are given a context tweet, a question and corresponding answer of given question. Your task is to classify given passage into two categories: (1) "yes" if the given context is useful in answering the question, and (2) "no" if the given context is not useful.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Context: It was well worth waiting for the clouds to clear over Greenwich tonight! Here's the Wolf Moon - the first full moon of the year and a #supermoon - captured with a small telescope and processed in high colour for mineral reflectance. #startazing @ROGAstronomers Tom Kerss 🎄⛄️🎁 (@tomkerss) January 1, 2018 Question: what date do scores come out? Answer: may 10
Student: | no | NIv2 | task242_tweetqa_classification | zs_opt |
Q: In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
The truth is, Planned Parenthood does not provide mammograms. Planned Parenthood refers women to mammography providers, serving as the middlewoman, if you will.
A: | health-care | NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you will use your knowledge about language (and common sense) to determine what element the marked number refers to. The numbers are marked with two underlines around them, like: _ number _. There are several possible answers, you'll need to choose the proper one. Carefully read the given text, pay special attention to the marked number, think about what (unwritten) information the marked number holds inside, choose the most adequate word(s) from the optional answers. If none of them seems right to you, there's also an option for other. If your answer is "REFERENCE", also write the reference entity, otherwise write the implicit option name. Options to choose from are:
REFERENCE: Some object which is being mentioned in the text before or after the target number. The reference answer has a higher priority than any other. If both Reference and another answer are possible, prioritize the Reference.
YEAR: Describing a calendric year
AGE: Describing someone's age
CURRENCY: Reference to some monetary value e.g dollar, euro etc.
PEOPLE: Describing a single/plural persons
TIME: Describing a time of the day. Usually you can add the word o'clock after those numbers.
OTHER: Some other option, which isn't listed here.
Q: Daniel Tosh: We 'll put an asterisk next to Barry Bonds ' name , sure , as soon as we put _ one _ next to Babe Ruth 's name . Getting to break records before black people were allowed to play ? Excuse me , where is that asterisk ? Why do n't people talk about that ?
A: | REFERENCE asterisk | NIv2 | task304_numeric_fused_head_resolution | zs_opt |
Q: You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Context Word: paint.
Question: PersonX hires PersonY to paint a room in the house, so it's more likely _ is the homeowner.
Answer: PersonX
A: | PersonX hires PersonY to paint a room in the house, so it's more likely _ is the contractor. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | zs_opt |
Definition: Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Input: Sentence1: if seeds stick to the fur of an animal then that seed will be transported by the animal.
Sentence2: Gelatinous coating helps seeds stick to fur and clothing when wet.
Output: | fur | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Problem:Context Word: college.
Question: PersonX had a higher college degree than PersonY, so _ was offered more promotions at work.
Answer: PersonX
Solution: | PersonX had a higher college degree than PersonY, so _ was offered fewer promotions at work. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | zs_opt |
In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
Says Tom Barrett plans to spend $100 million on a trolley that goes barely two miles on the east side of Milwaukee. | city-government | NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | zs_opt |
Instructions: You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Input: Context Word: nails.
Question: The nails were held by PersonX while PersonY swung the hammer, since _ had a steadier hand.
Answer: PersonX
Output: | The nails were held by PersonX while PersonY swung the hammer, since _ had a stronger hand. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | zs_opt |
Two analogies that signify affordances are given in the form "A : B. C : ?". Affordance is the possibility of an action being done on an object, for example book is an affordance of writing. The phrase "A : B" implies that B is an affordance of A. Your task is to replace the question mark (?) with the appropriate affordance of the given action C, following the "A : B" relation. Your answer should be a single object without further explanation.
Q: elect : congressman. climb : ?
A: | tree | NIv2 | task1153_bard_analogical_reasoning_affordance | zs_opt |
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.
"Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
Example: Prompt: See, Arlene? That's why I don't talk to you like that because I'm afraid I'll scare our son.
Response 1: I have 12. Wait, is the key to a success story getting the number to go down?
Response 2: Oh, Dad. Even that wasn't great.
Output: Response 2
Response 2 is correct answer because it agrees with the prompt and continues the conversation in the same context.
New input case for you: Prompt: The urine you're giving us is bagged up, right?
Response 1: Sure. It's in a paper bag, so drink it fast.
Response 2: Oh, no, I remember Eleanor from the time I stayed at a hotel.
Output: | Response 1 | NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | fs_opt |
"Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
Ex Input:
Prompt: Can I have a word with you, son? You're going to inherit all this one day. You have to respect it.
Response 1: Alright. Can I have the Ipad?
Response 2: Larry, we should get back to that mountain. Have we really just been avoiding it?
Ex Output:
Response 1
Ex Input:
Prompt: If you had to guess how many cubic feet of water she sucked up, what would you say?
Response 1: I want to live. I don't want to die alone.
Response 2: You'll think I'm pretentious, but I'm going to say it was 30 cubic feet of water displaced per second by her.
Ex Output:
Response 2
Ex Input:
Prompt: The urine you're giving us is bagged up, right?
Response 1: Sure. It's in a paper bag, so drink it fast.
Response 2: Oh, no, I remember Eleanor from the time I stayed at a hotel.
Ex Output:
| Response 1
| NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | fs_opt |
Q: In this task, you will use your knowledge about language (and common sense) to determine what element the marked number refers to. The numbers are marked with two underlines around them, like: _ number _. There are several possible answers, you'll need to choose the proper one. Carefully read the given text, pay special attention to the marked number, think about what (unwritten) information the marked number holds inside, choose the most adequate word(s) from the optional answers. If none of them seems right to you, there's also an option for other. If your answer is "REFERENCE", also write the reference entity, otherwise write the implicit option name. Options to choose from are:
REFERENCE: Some object which is being mentioned in the text before or after the target number. The reference answer has a higher priority than any other. If both Reference and another answer are possible, prioritize the Reference.
YEAR: Describing a calendric year
AGE: Describing someone's age
CURRENCY: Reference to some monetary value e.g dollar, euro etc.
PEOPLE: Describing a single/plural persons
TIME: Describing a time of the day. Usually you can add the word o'clock after those numbers.
OTHER: Some other option, which isn't listed here.
Det. Phil Fish: He was probably snooping around into our personnel files and came up with something really big .
Capt. Barney Miller: Like what ?
Det. Phil Fish: Like the fact that I cheated on my income tax .
Capt. Barney Miller: When was that ?
Det. Phil Fish: About _ nine _ , ten years ago . I went to a police convention in San Francisco , and I deducted all the expenses for Bernice .
Det. Sgt. Nick Yemana: There 's nothing illegal about that .
Det. Phil Fish: Yes , there is . I did n't take Bernice .
Capt. Barney Miller: Did the I.R.S. find out about it ?
Det. Phil Fish: Yeah , they disallowed it and they took it out the next year .
Capt. Barney Miller: Well , if you 're straight with the government , Kelly ca n't hurt you .
Det. Phil Fish: I 'm not worried about Kelly , I 'm worried about Bernice .
A: | REFERENCE years | NIv2 | task304_numeric_fused_head_resolution | zs_opt |
In this task, you will be given a short story. One sentence from the story is chosen. Consider the events that happen before that sentence, or are likely to have happened before it. Does any of them directly cause it, or simply make it possible? You should write your answer in the form " A >causes/enables> B". Try to use phrases and sentences from the story to compose your answer when possible.
Let me give you an example: story: It was bedtime at our house. Two of the three kids hit the pillow and fall asleep. The third is a trouble maker. For two hours he continues to get out of bed and want to play. Finally he becomes tired and falls asleep.
selected sentence: Finally he becomes tired and falls asleep.
The answer to this example can be: A kid wants to play before sleep >Causes/Enables> A kid eventually falls asleep
Here is why: The selected sentence is about a kid falling sleep, the answer correctly identifices an event causing the sentence to happen.
OK. solve this:
story: All Tim ever wanted to do was be a writer. Throughout high school, he took advanced English classes. He continued in college and started a local school paper. Eventually Tim got into a famous reporting graduate school. After his hard work, he became a national news reporter.
selected sentence: Throughout high school, he took advanced English classes.
Answer: | Tim wants to be a writer >Causes/Enables> Tim takes advanced English classes | NIv2 | task614_glucose_cause_event_detection | fs_opt |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you will be given a short story. One sentence from the story is chosen. Consider the events that happen before that sentence, or are likely to have happened before it. Does any of them directly cause it, or simply make it possible? You should write your answer in the form " A >causes/enables> B". Try to use phrases and sentences from the story to compose your answer when possible.
PROBLEM: story: A few years ago I was teaching my brother how to drive. He was incredibly nervous, which made me nervous as well. I would yell when he would mess up, and make him mess up more. I eventually figured out to stay calm and help him do the same. He is a very accomplished driver now, and I was glad to help.
selected sentence: I eventually figured out to stay calm and help him do the same.
SOLUTION: I stay calm >Causes/Enables> Brother stays calm
PROBLEM: story: John and Sally went camping. The temperature was very low. Sally asked John to start a fire. John began starting a fire. John successfully started a fire.
selected sentence: The temperature was very low.
SOLUTION: The campsite is cold >Causes/Enables> The temperature is low at the campsite
PROBLEM: story: All Tim ever wanted to do was be a writer. Throughout high school, he took advanced English classes. He continued in college and started a local school paper. Eventually Tim got into a famous reporting graduate school. After his hard work, he became a national news reporter.
selected sentence: Throughout high school, he took advanced English classes.
SOLUTION: | Tim wants to be a writer >Causes/Enables> Tim takes advanced English classes
| NIv2 | task614_glucose_cause_event_detection | fs_opt |
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.
In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
Example: Says the Annies List political group supports third-trimester abortions on demand.
Output: abortion
It's a correct subject of the statement because it talks about a political group supporting demans of abortions.
New input case for you: "John McCain said...in December he was surprised there was a subprime mortgage problem."
Output: | economy | NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | fs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you are given a context tweet, a question and corresponding answer of given question. Your task is to classify given passage into two categories: (1) "yes" if the given context is useful in answering the question, and (2) "no" if the given context is not useful.
Context: Robert Kraft says he expects an apology from the NFL if investigation does not "definitively determine" the Patriots tampered w/footballs— Rachel Nichols (@Rachel__Nichols) January 27, 2015 Question: who posted this tweet? Answer: rachel nichols
Output: | yes | NIv2 | task242_tweetqa_classification | zs_opt |
In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
Ex Input:
California Republican gubernatorial hopeful Meg Whitman "contributed to, and campaigned, for" Democratic Sen. Barbara Boxer.
Ex Output:
campaign-finance
Ex Input:
Georgia is one of seven states to lose jobs in 2011 and has lost 8,200 jobs so far.
Ex Output:
jobs
Ex Input:
"John McCain said...in December he was surprised there was a subprime mortgage problem."
Ex Output:
| economy
| NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | fs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
United_States | leaderTitle | President_of_the_United_States
1634:_The_Ram_Rebellion | country | United_States
Output: | 1634 The Ram Rebellion was written in the United States where the leader is known as the President. | NIv2 | task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text | zs_opt |
In this task, you will use your knowledge about language (and common sense) to determine what element the marked number refers to. The numbers are marked with two underlines around them, like: _ number _. There are several possible answers, you'll need to choose the proper one. Carefully read the given text, pay special attention to the marked number, think about what (unwritten) information the marked number holds inside, choose the most adequate word(s) from the optional answers. If none of them seems right to you, there's also an option for other. If your answer is "REFERENCE", also write the reference entity, otherwise write the implicit option name. Options to choose from are:
REFERENCE: Some object which is being mentioned in the text before or after the target number. The reference answer has a higher priority than any other. If both Reference and another answer are possible, prioritize the Reference.
YEAR: Describing a calendric year
AGE: Describing someone's age
CURRENCY: Reference to some monetary value e.g dollar, euro etc.
PEOPLE: Describing a single/plural persons
TIME: Describing a time of the day. Usually you can add the word o'clock after those numbers.
OTHER: Some other option, which isn't listed here.
Let me give you an example: Jess Mastriani: No, I don't want another crooler, thank you very much.
FBI Agent Nicole Scott: But it's good for you. It's got... honeyglaze. Please die for this crooler, Jess.
Jess Mastriani: I've had _ two _ already. Who eats three croolers in a night?
FBI Agent Nicole Scott: Take a look. [Nicole takes a huge bite] Mmmmm, Mmmmm, Mmmmm!
The answer to this example can be: REFERENCE crooler
Here is why: In this example, the number two refers to something that appears in this text. In this example, it refers to the word: crooler.
OK. solve this:
Doug: Hi , I 'd like three hamburgers , one no pickles , one no onions , one fish sandwich , four fries , and four grape sodas .
Honker Burger Cashier: I ca n't understand a word you say .
Doug: Huh ?
Skeeter: Hey , man , let me take care of it . The new kid wants three moo cows , one no cucs , one no sneakers , one wet one , four cubers , and _ four _ from the vine . Do you want anything else ?
Doug: How do you order a salad from the salad bar ?
Skeeter: One salad from the salad bar !
Answer: | OTHER | NIv2 | task304_numeric_fused_head_resolution | fs_opt |
Part 1. Definition
"Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
Part 2. Example
Prompt: See, Arlene? That's why I don't talk to you like that because I'm afraid I'll scare our son.
Response 1: I have 12. Wait, is the key to a success story getting the number to go down?
Response 2: Oh, Dad. Even that wasn't great.
Answer: Response 2
Explanation: Response 2 is correct answer because it agrees with the prompt and continues the conversation in the same context.
Part 3. Exercise
Prompt: I'll take care of it with my bionic arm.
Response 1: It's moving so fast. You've absorbed all the lemonade and you barely moved.
Response 2: Absolutely. Now try to make his mouth move and you speak without moving your lips.
Answer: | Response 1 | NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | fs_opt |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you will use your knowledge about language (and common sense) to determine what element the marked number refers to. The numbers are marked with two underlines around them, like: _ number _. There are several possible answers, you'll need to choose the proper one. Carefully read the given text, pay special attention to the marked number, think about what (unwritten) information the marked number holds inside, choose the most adequate word(s) from the optional answers. If none of them seems right to you, there's also an option for other. If your answer is "REFERENCE", also write the reference entity, otherwise write the implicit option name. Options to choose from are:
REFERENCE: Some object which is being mentioned in the text before or after the target number. The reference answer has a higher priority than any other. If both Reference and another answer are possible, prioritize the Reference.
YEAR: Describing a calendric year
AGE: Describing someone's age
CURRENCY: Reference to some monetary value e.g dollar, euro etc.
PEOPLE: Describing a single/plural persons
TIME: Describing a time of the day. Usually you can add the word o'clock after those numbers.
OTHER: Some other option, which isn't listed here.
PROBLEM: Capt. Kirk: The name of the game is called , uh ... fizzbin .
Kalo: Fizzbin ?
Capt. Kirk: Fizzbin . It 's , uh ... not too difficult .
Kalo: Mm - hmm .
Capt. Kirk: Each player gets six cards , except for the dealer , er , the player on the dealer 's right , who , er , gets _ seven _ .
Kalo: On the right ?
Capt. Kirk: Yes . The second card is turned up , except on Tuesday .
Kalo: On Tuesday .
Capt. Kirk: Mm - hmm .
Capt. Kirk: Ooh , look what you got , two jacks . You got a half fizzbin already !
Kalo: Hehe ! I need another jack .
Capt. Kirk: No , no . If you got another jack , why , you 'd have , er , a sralk .
Kalo: A sralk ?
Capt. Kirk: Yes . You 'd be disqualified .
Kalo: Oh .
Capt. Kirk: No , what you need now , is either a king and a deuce , except at night , of course , when you 'd need a queen and a , and a four .
Kalo: Except at night .
Capt. Kirk: Right . Oh , look at that . You 've got another jack !
Capt. Kirk: How
Capt. Kirk: lucky you are ! How wonderful for you . Now , if you did n't get another jack , if you 'd gotten a king , why , then you 'd get another card , except when it 's dark , when you 'd have to give it back .
Kalo: If it were dark on Tuesday .
Capt. Kirk: Yes , but what you 're after is a royal fizzbin , but the odds in getting a royal fizzbin are astron ... Spock , what are the odds in getting a royal fizzbin ?
Spock: I have never computed them , Captain .
Capt. Kirk: Well , they 're astronomical , believe me .
SOLUTION: REFERENCE cards
PROBLEM: Yvonne: I believe in modern parlance , _ one _ might say we are on the run .
Annie: Why ? What have you done ?
Adam: Her .
Yvonne: Adam !
Adam: Oh , right . Sorry miss .
SOLUTION: PEOPLE
PROBLEM: Doug: Hi , I 'd like three hamburgers , one no pickles , one no onions , one fish sandwich , four fries , and four grape sodas .
Honker Burger Cashier: I ca n't understand a word you say .
Doug: Huh ?
Skeeter: Hey , man , let me take care of it . The new kid wants three moo cows , one no cucs , one no sneakers , one wet one , four cubers , and _ four _ from the vine . Do you want anything else ?
Doug: How do you order a salad from the salad bar ?
Skeeter: One salad from the salad bar !
SOLUTION: | OTHER
| NIv2 | task304_numeric_fused_head_resolution | fs_opt |
"Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
--------
Question: Prompt: I'm trying to find an elf costume for my baby.
Response 1: He said it was Don but I think it was Steve Dons.
Response 2: Sir, are you aware that this is a Cracker Barrel?
Answer: Response 2
Question: Prompt: When I woke up, I meditated and I did my affirmations. I didn't watch TV.
Response 1: I said a full rosary, looked out the window for awhile and I had a cup of coffee.
Response 2: It's not called tennis ball, it's called tennis. We don't need a ball!
Answer: Response 1
Question: Prompt: I'll take care of it with my bionic arm.
Response 1: It's moving so fast. You've absorbed all the lemonade and you barely moved.
Response 2: Absolutely. Now try to make his mouth move and you speak without moving your lips.
Answer: | Response 1
| NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | fs_opt |
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.
In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
Example: Says the Annies List political group supports third-trimester abortions on demand.
Output: abortion
It's a correct subject of the statement because it talks about a political group supporting demans of abortions.
New input case for you: The average age of planes in the Qatar Airways fleet is about four years while Delta Air Lines flies planes that are 35 years old.
Output: | transportation | NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
Ex Input:
Rick Scott "was forced to resign as the head of a company that pled guilty to massive amounts of systematic fraud, including 14 felonies, leading to a historic $1.7 billion fine."
Ex Output:
candidates-biography
Ex Input:
Under President Obama, domestic oil production is at an eight-year high.
Ex Output:
energy
Ex Input:
The average age of planes in the Qatar Airways fleet is about four years while Delta Air Lines flies planes that are 35 years old.
Ex Output:
| transportation
| NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | fs_opt |
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
Q: Abilene_Regional_Airport | cityServed | Abilene,_Texas
Abilene,_Texas | isPartOf | Texas
Abilene_Regional_Airport | runwayLength | 2194.0
Abilene,_Texas | isPartOf | Taylor_County,_Texas
Abilene,_Texas | country | United_States
A: | Abilene Regional Airport serves Abilene, Texas which is part of the U.S. in Taylor County. The airport has a runway length of 2,194. | NIv2 | task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text | zs_opt |
Part 1. Definition
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Part 2. Example
Sentence1: pesticides cause pollution.
Sentence2: pollution can harm animals.
Answer: pollution.
Explanation: The word "pollution" is common to Sentence1 and Sentence2. So, it's a good answer.
Part 3. Exercise
Sentence1: Ethologists usually study how animals behave in their natural environment.
Sentence2: animal behaviorists usually study how animals behave in their natural environment.
Answer: | animals | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | fs_opt |
Instructions: In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
Input: Statement: LOAN GUARANTEE COMMITMENT - A binding agreement by a federal agency to make a loan guarantee when specified conditions are fulfilled by the borrower, the lender, or any other party to the guarantee agreement. Choices: 1. There is no chance the Feds will guarantee any type of loan. 2. A loan can be ensured by the Federal government. 3. If the lendee is a veteran, the Federal government may guarantee their loan.
Output: | 1 | NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | zs_opt |
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
--------
Question: Sentence1: condensing causes a liquid to form.
Sentence2: Air carries moisture that causes a liquid to form.
Answer: causes
Question: Sentence1: Sperm had to swim from male to female reproductive organs for fertilization.
Sentence2: If fertilized, the egg implants itself in the uterus.
Answer: fertilization
Question: Sentence1: Ethologists usually study how animals behave in their natural environment.
Sentence2: animal behaviorists usually study how animals behave in their natural environment.
Answer: | animals
| NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | fs_opt |
Q: In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
Commerce Secretary nominee John Bryson appears to endorse world government.
A: | cap-and-trade | NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | zs_opt |
Part 1. Definition
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Part 2. Example
Sentence1: pesticides cause pollution.
Sentence2: pollution can harm animals.
Answer: pollution.
Explanation: The word "pollution" is common to Sentence1 and Sentence2. So, it's a good answer.
Part 3. Exercise
Sentence1: Inside the pancreas are clusters of cells called islets of Langerhans.
Sentence2: Negative feedback controls insulin secretion by the organ that has the islets of Langerhans.
Answer: | Langerhans | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | fs_opt |
In this task, you will be given a short story. One sentence from the story is chosen. Consider the events that happen before that sentence, or are likely to have happened before it. Does any of them directly cause it, or simply make it possible? You should write your answer in the form " A >causes/enables> B". Try to use phrases and sentences from the story to compose your answer when possible.
Let me give you an example: story: It was bedtime at our house. Two of the three kids hit the pillow and fall asleep. The third is a trouble maker. For two hours he continues to get out of bed and want to play. Finally he becomes tired and falls asleep.
selected sentence: Finally he becomes tired and falls asleep.
The answer to this example can be: A kid wants to play before sleep >Causes/Enables> A kid eventually falls asleep
Here is why: The selected sentence is about a kid falling sleep, the answer correctly identifices an event causing the sentence to happen.
OK. solve this:
story: Last Tuesday I went to play soccer with my friends. I'm not very good at soccer so my friends made me play goalie. I had a lot of fun being goalie because I could still use my hands. I did a very good job and my friends invited me back next time. I can't wait to play soccer next Tuesday.
selected sentence: I'm not very good at soccer so my friends made me play goalie.
Answer: | I play soccer with my friends >Causes/Enables> my friends make me goalie | NIv2 | task614_glucose_cause_event_detection | fs_opt |
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
--------
Question: Sentence1: Results can be damaging or disastrous.
Sentence2: Lack of immunization can be damaging or disastrous.
Answer: damaging
Question: Sentence1: Bees feed on nectar and pollen.
Sentence2: Plant reproduction often requires bees and nectar.
Answer: Bees
Question: Sentence1: Inside the pancreas are clusters of cells called islets of Langerhans.
Sentence2: Negative feedback controls insulin secretion by the organ that has the islets of Langerhans.
Answer: | Langerhans
| NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | fs_opt |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you will be given a short story. One sentence from the story is chosen. Consider the events that happen before that sentence, or are likely to have happened before it. Does any of them directly cause it, or simply make it possible? You should write your answer in the form " A >causes/enables> B". Try to use phrases and sentences from the story to compose your answer when possible.
PROBLEM: story: Today I have been working on the alphabet with my son. He has learned the first three letters. Today we are working on the fourth and fifth letters. He has been a little frustrated, but he keep on trying. By the end of the day he had learned the new letters.
selected sentence: By the end of the day he had learned the new letters.
SOLUTION: I teach my son >Causes/Enables> My son learns
PROBLEM: story: Will went on a business trip to California. Because he went for business, his wife had to stay at home. While Will was in California, he went to Disneyland. He called his wife to tell her how much fun he had. Will's wife hung up the phone on him.
selected sentence: He called his wife to tell her how much fun he had.
SOLUTION: Will goes on a trip >Causes/Enables> Will calls his wife
PROBLEM: story: Last Tuesday I went to play soccer with my friends. I'm not very good at soccer so my friends made me play goalie. I had a lot of fun being goalie because I could still use my hands. I did a very good job and my friends invited me back next time. I can't wait to play soccer next Tuesday.
selected sentence: I'm not very good at soccer so my friends made me play goalie.
SOLUTION: | I play soccer with my friends >Causes/Enables> my friends make me goalie
| NIv2 | task614_glucose_cause_event_detection | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a context tweet, a question and corresponding answer of given question. Your task is to classify given passage into two categories: (1) "yes" if the given context is useful in answering the question, and (2) "no" if the given context is not useful.
Q: Context: As surfers, we are lucky to spend so much of our time immersed in the ocean. This being so, we are... Kelly Slater (@kellyslater) September 2, 2014 Question: who throws an inbound pass? Answer: aaron gordon
A: | no | NIv2 | task242_tweetqa_classification | zs_opt |
Teacher:Generate an appropriate title for the given text. The generated title must be short and include the main topic of the text. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: By Dan CairnsNewsbeat reporter The Active Denial System (ADS) is a non-lethal weapon designed to disperse violent crowds and repel enemies. It uses a focused invisible beam that causes an "intolerable heating sensation", but only penetrates the skin to the equivalent of three sheets of paper. The discomfort causes whoever it's pointed at to immediately start moving away. They often scream but the US military says the chance of injury from the system is 0.1%. It's already been tested more than 11,000 times on around 700 volunteers. Even reporters have faced the heat-ray. Limit deaths Lt. Col. John Dorrian, a US military spokesperson, says the kit is now in Afghanistan but no decision has yet been made on its use. There's been much talk about the need to keep civilian casualties in Afghanistan to a minimum. The heat ray gun could help. The beam produced by the ADS can travel more than 500m (1,640ft) and is seen as an important new way to limit unnecessary deaths and minimise war zone casualties. Developers also say it could also be adapted to other operations, like fighting drug smuggling at sea and general peacekeeping operations. Research is continuing to make the system smaller, lighter and less expensive, says the Pentagon's Joint Non-Lethal Weapons Program.
Student: | US army heat ray gun in Afghanistan | NIv2 | task1356_xlsum_title_generation | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Sentence1: pesticides cause pollution.
Sentence2: pollution can harm animals.
Solution: pollution.
Why? The word "pollution" is common to Sentence1 and Sentence2. So, it's a good answer.
New input: Sentence1: Organisms cluster around hydrothermal vents in the ocean floor.
Sentence2: vents on the ocean floor are powered by heat.
Solution: | vents | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a context tweet, a question and corresponding answer of given question. Your task is to classify given passage into two categories: (1) "yes" if the given context is useful in answering the question, and (2) "no" if the given context is not useful.
See one example below:
Problem: Context: Our prayers are with the students, educators & families at Independence High School & all the first responders on the scene. #PatriotPride— Doug Ducey (@dougducey) February 12, 2016 Question: at which school were first responders on the scene for? Answer: independence high school
Solution: yes
Explanation: Here, the generated label is 'yes' because the given context is useful in answering the question.
Problem: Context: We have the chance to write this moment in history together. Let's empower people like Bruce all over the world by being loving & not mean.💗— Lady Gaga (@ladygaga) April 24, 2015 Question: who did jimmy fallon replace? Answer: jay
Solution: | no | NIv2 | task242_tweetqa_classification | fs_opt |
Definition: In this task, you will use your knowledge about language (and common sense) to determine what element the marked number refers to. The numbers are marked with two underlines around them, like: _ number _. There are several possible answers, you'll need to choose the proper one. Carefully read the given text, pay special attention to the marked number, think about what (unwritten) information the marked number holds inside, choose the most adequate word(s) from the optional answers. If none of them seems right to you, there's also an option for other. If your answer is "REFERENCE", also write the reference entity, otherwise write the implicit option name. Options to choose from are:
REFERENCE: Some object which is being mentioned in the text before or after the target number. The reference answer has a higher priority than any other. If both Reference and another answer are possible, prioritize the Reference.
YEAR: Describing a calendric year
AGE: Describing someone's age
CURRENCY: Reference to some monetary value e.g dollar, euro etc.
PEOPLE: Describing a single/plural persons
TIME: Describing a time of the day. Usually you can add the word o'clock after those numbers.
OTHER: Some other option, which isn't listed here.
Input: Dilbert: You said you 'd wake me up at _ eight _ .
Dogbert: I also said women are attracted to men shaped like potatoes .
Output: | TIME | NIv2 | task304_numeric_fused_head_resolution | zs_opt |
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Q: Sentence1: uneven heating of the Earth 's surface cause wind.
Sentence2: Chinook winds are warm, dry winds.
A: | wind | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Context word: upset.
Question: PersonX yelled at PersonY because _ was so upset about the news.
Answer: PersonX.
Solution: PersonX comforted at PersonY because _ was so upset about the news.
Why? On replacing the trigger word "yelled" with its antonym "comforted", the answer flips to PersonY which is as per the given instruction. So, this is a valid question.
New input: Context Word: problem.
Question: After PersonX solved the difficult math problem, he showed PersonY the solution. _ was proud of himself.
Answer: PersonX
Solution: | After PersonX solved the difficult math problem, he showed PersonY the solution. _ was proud of him. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | fs_opt |
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Sentence1: Protozoa make humans sick when they become human parasites.
Sentence2: paramecium are single celled animals that make humans sick when they become human parasites.
become
Sentence1: chemical splashing can cause harm to humans.
Sentence2: chemical splashing can cause harm to animals.
cause
Sentence1: Organisms cluster around hydrothermal vents in the ocean floor.
Sentence2: vents on the ocean floor are powered by heat.
| vents
| NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a context tweet, a question and corresponding answer of given question. Your task is to classify given passage into two categories: (1) "yes" if the given context is useful in answering the question, and (2) "no" if the given context is not useful.
Q: Context: Few people could get diagnosed with cancer and immediately think of others instead of themselves.Julia Louis-Dreyfus is such a powerhouse. Adam Best (@adamcbest) September 28, 2017 Question: what is iggy azalea ready with? Answer: her music
A: no
****
Q: Context: The media at the school that lost 16 pupils n 2 teachers in #GermanWingsCrash. Cold n rain matches the mood @CNN Paul Devitt (@cameramanCNN) March 25, 2015 Question: who are on the edge of their seats? Answer: survivors and family members of victims
A: no
****
Q: Context: We have the chance to write this moment in history together. Let's empower people like Bruce all over the world by being loving & not mean.💗— Lady Gaga (@ladygaga) April 24, 2015 Question: who did jimmy fallon replace? Answer: jay
A: | no
****
| NIv2 | task242_tweetqa_classification | fs_opt |
Teacher:You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Context Word: abusive.
Question: Growing up PersonX was treated different then PersonY and scared of getting close to others, _ had a abusive childhood.
Answer: PersonX
Student: | Growing up PersonX was treated different then PersonY and scared of getting close to others, _ had a not so abusive childhood. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | zs_opt |
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Q: Sentence1: Water is made up of H2O molecules.
Sentence2: h2o is essential for all life on Earth.
A: | H2O | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | zs_opt |
You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Context Word: screenplay.
Question: The screenplay and team PersonX put together decides to go with PersonY as the lead actor. Therefore, _ is a screenwriter.
Answer: PersonX
The screenplay and team PersonX put together decides to go with PersonY as the lead actor. Therefore, _ is an actor.
Context Word: eggs.
Question: PersonX eats a lot more eggs and cheese than PersonY because _ follows a carnivore diet.
Answer: PersonX
PersonX eats a lot more eggs and cheese than PersonY because _ follows a vegan diet.
Context Word: problem.
Question: After PersonX solved the difficult math problem, he showed PersonY the solution. _ was proud of himself.
Answer: PersonX
| After PersonX solved the difficult math problem, he showed PersonY the solution. _ was proud of him.
| NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | fs_opt |
In this task, you will be given a short story. One sentence from the story is chosen. Consider the events that happen before that sentence, or are likely to have happened before it. Does any of them directly cause it, or simply make it possible? You should write your answer in the form " A >causes/enables> B". Try to use phrases and sentences from the story to compose your answer when possible.
Let me give you an example: story: It was bedtime at our house. Two of the three kids hit the pillow and fall asleep. The third is a trouble maker. For two hours he continues to get out of bed and want to play. Finally he becomes tired and falls asleep.
selected sentence: Finally he becomes tired and falls asleep.
The answer to this example can be: A kid wants to play before sleep >Causes/Enables> A kid eventually falls asleep
Here is why: The selected sentence is about a kid falling sleep, the answer correctly identifices an event causing the sentence to happen.
OK. solve this:
story: Tabitha woke up late to work one morning. She rushed around and got dressed. She called ahead letting her boss know she was on her way. Tabitha pulled in to her work and noticed she forgot to fix her hair. She quickly matted it down and told everyone she was having a bad day.
selected sentence: She rushed around and got dressed.
Answer: | Tabitha wakes up late >Causes/Enables> Tabitha rushes | NIv2 | task614_glucose_cause_event_detection | fs_opt |
Teacher: In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
Says the Annies List political group supports third-trimester abortions on demand.
Solution: abortion
Reason: It's a correct subject of the statement because it talks about a political group supporting demans of abortions.
Now, solve this instance: "I didn't campaign on a public option."
Student: | elections | NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | fs_opt |
"Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
Example input: Prompt: See, Arlene? That's why I don't talk to you like that because I'm afraid I'll scare our son.
Response 1: I have 12. Wait, is the key to a success story getting the number to go down?
Response 2: Oh, Dad. Even that wasn't great.
Example output: Response 2
Example explanation: Response 2 is correct answer because it agrees with the prompt and continues the conversation in the same context.
Q: Prompt: From now on, we'll wrap all of our presents in saran wrap. There will be no more surprises.
Response 1: That sounds like a great idea. Thank you, Fred. You've warmed our hearts.
Response 2: Yeah, the court reporter couldn't figure out what he was saying, so everything was invalid. It was a landmark case, I guess.
A: | Response 1 | NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | fs_opt |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you will be given a short story. One sentence from the story is chosen. Consider the events that happen before that sentence, or are likely to have happened before it. Does any of them directly cause it, or simply make it possible? You should write your answer in the form " A >causes/enables> B". Try to use phrases and sentences from the story to compose your answer when possible.
PROBLEM: story: One day I came across a tea house. I had never been to a tea house, so I decide to see what it was like. When I stepped through the doorway I couldn't believe my eyes! There were so many types of tea I wanted to try them all. I bought a pot of tea and ever since then I have gone back every day.
selected sentence: I bought a pot of tea and ever since then I have gone back every day.
SOLUTION: I come across a tea house one day >Causes/Enables> I buy a pot of tea
PROBLEM: story: Tom wanted an apple from his apple tree. There was a beautiful one right at the top of the tree. He tried to climb the tree but couldn't reach the apple. He found a long stick that he used to knock it down. The apple fell and hit him on the head.
selected sentence: He tried to climb the tree but couldn't reach the apple.
SOLUTION: Tom climbs a tree >Causes/Enables> Tom can't reach the apple
PROBLEM: story: Tabitha woke up late to work one morning. She rushed around and got dressed. She called ahead letting her boss know she was on her way. Tabitha pulled in to her work and noticed she forgot to fix her hair. She quickly matted it down and told everyone she was having a bad day.
selected sentence: She rushed around and got dressed.
SOLUTION: | Tabitha wakes up late >Causes/Enables> Tabitha rushes
| NIv2 | task614_glucose_cause_event_detection | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
Input: Consider Input: These 60 acres (the Atlanta Braves want to build a stadium on) have produced zero SPLOST money for parks and recreation, have produced zero money for education.
Output: baseball
Input: Consider Input: "We reduced abortion. We increased adoptions by 135 percent."
Output: abortion
Input: Consider Input: "I didn't campaign on a public option."
| Output: elections
| NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | fs_opt |
"Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
Example Input: Prompt: Alright, one the count of three I'll pry the door open.
Response 1: I want to thank you right now and tomorrow!
Response 2: OK, Mike. One, two, three.
Example Output: Response 2
Example Input: Prompt: Everyone prepare. It's a rogue wave.
Response 1: You look you're ready to have fun. Your eyes look very positive. Both of them.
Response 2: Oh honey, get the camera!
Example Output: Response 2
Example Input: Prompt: From now on, we'll wrap all of our presents in saran wrap. There will be no more surprises.
Response 1: That sounds like a great idea. Thank you, Fred. You've warmed our hearts.
Response 2: Yeah, the court reporter couldn't figure out what he was saying, so everything was invalid. It was a landmark case, I guess.
Example Output: | Response 1
| NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a context tweet, a question and corresponding answer of given question. Your task is to classify given passage into two categories: (1) "yes" if the given context is useful in answering the question, and (2) "no" if the given context is not useful.
Example input: Context: Our prayers are with the students, educators & families at Independence High School & all the first responders on the scene. #PatriotPride— Doug Ducey (@dougducey) February 12, 2016 Question: at which school were first responders on the scene for? Answer: independence high school
Example output: yes
Example explanation: Here, the generated label is 'yes' because the given context is useful in answering the question.
Q: Context: A black day... @albertocontador abandons @letour after a crash on the descent #TDF Tinkoff Saxo (@tinkoff_saxo) July 14, 2014 Question: why did alberto contador abandon the letour? Answer: a crash
A: | yes | NIv2 | task242_tweetqa_classification | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a context tweet, a question and corresponding answer of given question. Your task is to classify given passage into two categories: (1) "yes" if the given context is useful in answering the question, and (2) "no" if the given context is not useful.
Example Input: Context: I believed in her then, I believe in her now. @HillaryClinton #mypresident Me and @ambertamblyn stumping in 2008 America Ferrera (@AmericaFerrera) April 12, 2015 Question: what makes a difference Answer: points
Example Output: no
Example Input: Context: Democrat Congresswoman totally fabricated what I said to the wife of a soldier who died in action (and I have proof). Sad!— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) October 18, 2017 Question: what did shia say the light installations do not provide? Answer: an original experience
Example Output: no
Example Input: Context: A black day... @albertocontador abandons @letour after a crash on the descent #TDF Tinkoff Saxo (@tinkoff_saxo) July 14, 2014 Question: why did alberto contador abandon the letour? Answer: a crash
Example Output: | yes
| NIv2 | task242_tweetqa_classification | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a context tweet, a question and corresponding answer of given question. Your task is to classify given passage into two categories: (1) "yes" if the given context is useful in answering the question, and (2) "no" if the given context is not useful.
Problem:Context: Just tried watching Saturday Night Live - unwatchable! Totally biased, not funny and the Baldwin impersonation just can't get any worse. Sad— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) December 4, 2016 Question: who needs to be protected from bullying and mockery? Answer: all children, including barron trump.
Solution: | no | NIv2 | task242_tweetqa_classification | zs_opt |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
Statement: yeah that was that was bad news we're still try i set out a whole bunch of crepe myrtles and stuff and of course it killed th em Choices: 1. The crepe myrtles I had put outside were killed. 2. The crepe myrtles I had outside survived. 3. All the plants in my garden died from it.
| 2 | NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | zs_opt |
In this task, you will use your knowledge about language (and common sense) to determine what element the marked number refers to. The numbers are marked with two underlines around them, like: _ number _. There are several possible answers, you'll need to choose the proper one. Carefully read the given text, pay special attention to the marked number, think about what (unwritten) information the marked number holds inside, choose the most adequate word(s) from the optional answers. If none of them seems right to you, there's also an option for other. If your answer is "REFERENCE", also write the reference entity, otherwise write the implicit option name. Options to choose from are:
REFERENCE: Some object which is being mentioned in the text before or after the target number. The reference answer has a higher priority than any other. If both Reference and another answer are possible, prioritize the Reference.
YEAR: Describing a calendric year
AGE: Describing someone's age
CURRENCY: Reference to some monetary value e.g dollar, euro etc.
PEOPLE: Describing a single/plural persons
TIME: Describing a time of the day. Usually you can add the word o'clock after those numbers.
OTHER: Some other option, which isn't listed here.
Q: Ludwig Von Drake: For ten years I had followed them , and you know what happens to kids after ten years ? They become teenagers ! One day your kids are asking for hot cereal and the next they 're asking for hotrods . From quart of milk to gallons of gas in _ one _ . The only chance I had to rest and assemble my notes was when they had their car parked .
A: | REFERENCE day | NIv2 | task304_numeric_fused_head_resolution | zs_opt |
Q: You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Context Word: water.
Question: PersonX swam faster than PersonY so _ outpaced them in their swimming match at the water front.
Answer: PersonX
A: | PersonX swam faster than PersonY so _ fell behind them in their swimming match at the water front. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | zs_opt |
In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
Example input: Statement: Next to the MGM Grand you will find M and M World, four stories of merchandise and memorabilia dedicated to the candy that doesn't melt in your hand. Choices: 1. The candy has many fans who love its attractions. 2. There's four stories of memorabilia dedicated to a candy. 3. That particular candy melts and becomes difficult to eat.
Example output: 3
Example explanation: It is said in the statement that the candy doesn't melt in your hand, but the sentence in choice 3 disagrees with it.
Q: Statement: The theater has ceased to be the place where Americans explore issues of the kind raised by Death of a Salesman . But Miller's failure is ultimately his own. Choices: 1. The theater is no longer where Americans go to think about important issues. 2. People still go to the theater to explore deep issues. 3. Miller's plays are widely read.
A: | 2 | NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | fs_opt |
Instructions: You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Input: Context Word: evict.
Question: PersonX wanted to evict PersonY from the property because _ is a concerned landlord.
Answer: PersonX
Output: | PersonX wanted to evict PersonY from the property because _ is a sloppy tenant. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | zs_opt |
In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
Example Input: Statement: and just the things that they have to uh you know Spring break's a big deal and and uh he was telling me that he had to be on the scene of an accident where five teenagers all of the them drunk uh collided head on and every single one of them died three in one car and two in another and Choices: 1. He was telling me he had to be at the accident. 2. He wasn't at the accident. 3. He was telling me the accident scarred him for life.
Example Output: 2
Example Input: Statement: Going on well. Choices: 1. Things are progressing fine. 2. Going on badly. 3. Things are progressing quickly and orderly.
Example Output: 2
Example Input: Statement: The theater has ceased to be the place where Americans explore issues of the kind raised by Death of a Salesman . But Miller's failure is ultimately his own. Choices: 1. The theater is no longer where Americans go to think about important issues. 2. People still go to the theater to explore deep issues. 3. Miller's plays are widely read.
Example Output: | 2
| NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | fs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Sentence1: Science is the study of the natural world through experience and experiment.
Sentence2: science is often done in a lab.
Output: | Science | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | zs_opt |
Teacher:"Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Prompt: I'll take some island coffee.
Response 1: OK, we can boil these rocks to make it. Anybody got a lighter?
Response 2: Every single day in Narnia? What's the earliest trick you can remember?
Student: | Response 1 | NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | zs_opt |
Definition: In this task, you are given a context tweet, a question and corresponding answer of given question. Your task is to classify given passage into two categories: (1) "yes" if the given context is useful in answering the question, and (2) "no" if the given context is not useful.
Input: Context: "Serial" host Sarah Koenig will speak to a standing room only crowd at Schwab Auditorium in five minutes. Onward State (@OnwardState) January 27, 2015 Question: what was being seen? Answer: funny things.
Output: | no | NIv2 | task242_tweetqa_classification | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: "Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
Q: Prompt: You'll have to forgive me, Jeremy Northam. I am unfamiliar with your work.
Response 1: Well, they give you a hard time for being taller than everyone else.
Response 2: Sir, we are exactly the same, because I am unfamiliar with your profession, the sport of basketball.
A: | Response 2 | NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | zs_opt |
In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
Let me give you an example: Says the Annies List political group supports third-trimester abortions on demand.
The answer to this example can be: abortion
Here is why: It's a correct subject of the statement because it talks about a political group supporting demans of abortions.
OK. solve this:
Says this House processed and approved as many bills as previous Legislatures.
Answer: | government-efficiency | NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | fs_opt |
"Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
Prompt: OK. It's open. Now we just have to walk up about 100 God damn stairs.
Response 1: Sure thing, Bernie. Mystery beer again, or do you want the beer you always want, but you just specifically would not like me to name it?
Response 2: I've practiced at home on a ladder. I shouldn't get too tired. | Response 2 | NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | zs_opt |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
PROBLEM: For the past eight years, Gov. Carcieri and Mrs. Carcieri would host the lighting of the State House Christmas tree.
SOLUTION: religion
PROBLEM: Under President Obama, domestic oil production is at an eight-year high.
SOLUTION: energy
PROBLEM: Says this House processed and approved as many bills as previous Legislatures.
SOLUTION: | government-efficiency
| NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | fs_opt |
Teacher:In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Says U.S. Senate rival Tammy Baldwin supports a tax increase that President Obama says would cost middle-class families $3,000 per year.
Student: | congress | NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
Q: Statement: To find out how fast an amount saved can double, divide the interest rate into 72. Choices: 1. If you divide the interest rate into 72, you can see how quickly a saved amount can double. 2. The interest rate should be divided into 36 to see how fast the saved amount can double. 3. Employer matching contributions make the amount double even more quickly.
A: | 2 | NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
See one example below:
Problem: Says the Annies List political group supports third-trimester abortions on demand.
Solution: abortion
Explanation: It's a correct subject of the statement because it talks about a political group supporting demans of abortions.
Problem: The vast majority of people in this country are keeping their (health insurance) plan.
Solution: | health-care | NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | fs_opt |
Q: In this task, you will be given a short story. One sentence from the story is chosen. Consider the events that happen before that sentence, or are likely to have happened before it. Does any of them directly cause it, or simply make it possible? You should write your answer in the form " A >causes/enables> B". Try to use phrases and sentences from the story to compose your answer when possible.
story: My friend and I went shoe shopping. She has very small feet and I have large feet. We wanted to buy shoes at the same store. A pair of red shoes fit me, and also fit my friend. We ended up buying the same shoes in different sizes.
selected sentence: My friend and I went shoe shopping.
A: | My friend and I wanted shoes from the same store. >Causes/Enables> My friend and I shopped for shoes | NIv2 | task614_glucose_cause_event_detection | zs_opt |
Teacher:In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: The Obama administration increased the deportation of illegal immigrants convicted of crimes by 70 percent.
Student: | immigration | NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
Problem:1634:_The_Bavarian_Crisis | ISBN_number | "978-1-4165-4253-7"
1634:_The_Bavarian_Crisis | author | "Virginia DeMarce and Eric Flint"
Solution: | 1634: The Bavarian Crisis, written by Virginia DeMarce and Eric Flint, can be located by it's ISBN number "978-1-4165-4253-7". | NIv2 | task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text | zs_opt |
In this task, you will be given a short story. One sentence from the story is chosen. Consider the events that happen before that sentence, or are likely to have happened before it. Does any of them directly cause it, or simply make it possible? You should write your answer in the form " A >causes/enables> B". Try to use phrases and sentences from the story to compose your answer when possible.
One example is below.
Q: story: It was bedtime at our house. Two of the three kids hit the pillow and fall asleep. The third is a trouble maker. For two hours he continues to get out of bed and want to play. Finally he becomes tired and falls asleep.
selected sentence: Finally he becomes tired and falls asleep.
A: A kid wants to play before sleep >Causes/Enables> A kid eventually falls asleep
Rationale: The selected sentence is about a kid falling sleep, the answer correctly identifices an event causing the sentence to happen.
Q: story: Nancy had an uncle who was very sick. She went to visit him to say her final goodbye. With a tear in her eye she told him how much she cared. Later on he passed away peacefully. Nancy was sad but knew he was no longer in pain.
selected sentence: With a tear in her eye she told him how much she cared.
A: | Nancy's uncle is dying >Causes/Enables> Nancy tells her uncle how much she cares | NIv2 | task614_glucose_cause_event_detection | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
Q: Says Peyton Manning struggles in cold weather games.
A: sports
****
Q: [W]e see Americas prison population exploding, with America having a greater percentage of its people behind bars than any other nation in the world!
A: criminal-justice
****
Q: The vast majority of people in this country are keeping their (health insurance) plan.
A: | health-care
****
| NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | fs_opt |
Definition: You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
Input: AIDS_(journal) | firstPublicationYear | 1987
Output: | AIDS (journal) was first published in 1987. | NIv2 | task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text | zs_opt |
You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Context Word: stress.
Question: PersonX felt a lot of stress while taking care of PersonY, because _ really cared about their friend's health.
Answer: PersonX | PersonX felt a lot less stress while being taken care of by PersonY, because _ really cared about their friend's health. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
Atlanta | isPartOf | "Georgia"
Output: | Atlanta is part of Georgia. | NIv2 | task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
"Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
Prompt: Spencer, I don't know if I'm gonna make it. I'm so seasick.
Response 1: Marlene, I need you to just bear down and just get through this. This is our honey moon and we wanted to see some whales, and this is the way to do it.
Response 2: Luckily whatever it takes is just standing there and maybe shutting up.
Output: | Response 1 | NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | zs_opt |
instruction:
In this task, you will be given a short story. One sentence from the story is chosen. Consider the events that happen before that sentence, or are likely to have happened before it. Does any of them directly cause it, or simply make it possible? You should write your answer in the form " A >causes/enables> B". Try to use phrases and sentences from the story to compose your answer when possible.
question:
story: Tom and Tim were yelling at each other. They both got ear aches from the noise. The pain was bad. They both made a promise. They would never yell at each other like that again.
selected sentence: Tom and Tim were yelling at each other.
answer:
Tom and Tim decide to yell >Causes/Enables> Tom and Tim yell
question:
story: Megan was waiting at the bus stop to go to school. It was raining and she was wearing her boots and raincoat. Suddenly, a car sped by and went through a puddle. The water splashed so high and even soaked Megan on the sidewalk. The bus showed up and she had to go to school all wet.
selected sentence: It was raining and she was wearing her boots and raincoat.
answer:
Megan puts on her boots >Causes/Enables> Megan is wearing boots
question:
story: Nancy had an uncle who was very sick. She went to visit him to say her final goodbye. With a tear in her eye she told him how much she cared. Later on he passed away peacefully. Nancy was sad but knew he was no longer in pain.
selected sentence: With a tear in her eye she told him how much she cared.
answer:
| Nancy's uncle is dying >Causes/Enables> Nancy tells her uncle how much she cares
| NIv2 | task614_glucose_cause_event_detection | fs_opt |
Definition: In this task, you are given a context tweet, a question and corresponding answer of given question. Your task is to classify given passage into two categories: (1) "yes" if the given context is useful in answering the question, and (2) "no" if the given context is not useful.
Input: Context: Adrian Wojnarowski @WojVerticalNBASources on @TheVertical: IU's OG Anunoby - projected 1st round NBA pick - will undergo knee surgery, out for season. , 6:20:38 PM Question: what type of surgery did og have? Answer: knee
Output: | yes | NIv2 | task242_tweetqa_classification | zs_opt |
Part 1. Definition
In this task, you will be given a short story. One sentence from the story is chosen. Consider the events that happen before that sentence, or are likely to have happened before it. Does any of them directly cause it, or simply make it possible? You should write your answer in the form " A >causes/enables> B". Try to use phrases and sentences from the story to compose your answer when possible.
Part 2. Example
story: It was bedtime at our house. Two of the three kids hit the pillow and fall asleep. The third is a trouble maker. For two hours he continues to get out of bed and want to play. Finally he becomes tired and falls asleep.
selected sentence: Finally he becomes tired and falls asleep.
Answer: A kid wants to play before sleep >Causes/Enables> A kid eventually falls asleep
Explanation: The selected sentence is about a kid falling sleep, the answer correctly identifices an event causing the sentence to happen.
Part 3. Exercise
story: Maya did not like to travel. Her parents took her on a long-distance vacation. Maya complained the whole way. Once there, Maya met other children her age to play and laugh with. Soon, Maya decided she actually likes to travel.
selected sentence: Maya complained the whole way.
Answer: | Maya does not like to travel >Causes/Enables> Maya complains the whole way | NIv2 | task614_glucose_cause_event_detection | fs_opt |
Teacher:You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Context Word: spondylosis.
Question: PersonX asked PersonY for a ride home from the hospital after _ had surgery for spondylosis.
Answer: PersonX
Student: | PersonX gave PersonY a ride home from the hospital after _ had surgery for spondylosis. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | zs_opt |
In this task, you will be given a short story. One sentence from the story is chosen. Consider the events that happen before that sentence, or are likely to have happened before it. Does any of them directly cause it, or simply make it possible? You should write your answer in the form " A >causes/enables> B". Try to use phrases and sentences from the story to compose your answer when possible.
--------
Question: story: My aunt was on the way home from work Tuesday. She had to take the bus because her car is broken. It was fairly full and she had nowhere to sit. A stranger offered her his seat. She took it and thanked him kindly.
selected sentence: My aunt was on the way home from work Tuesday.
Answer: My aunt finishes work >Causes/Enables> My aunt is on her way home
Question: story: Mike wanted to start his own business. All his friends told him not too and that it was a bad idea. Mike was told that most business fail within the first months. Mike still believed in himself and did it anyway. Now over a year later Mike's business is very successful.
selected sentence: Now over a year later Mike's business is very successful.
Answer: Mike starts a business >Causes/Enables> Mike's business is successful
Question: story: Maya did not like to travel. Her parents took her on a long-distance vacation. Maya complained the whole way. Once there, Maya met other children her age to play and laugh with. Soon, Maya decided she actually likes to travel.
selected sentence: Maya complained the whole way.
Answer: | Maya does not like to travel >Causes/Enables> Maya complains the whole way
| NIv2 | task614_glucose_cause_event_detection | fs_opt |
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Let me give you an example: Sentence1: pesticides cause pollution.
Sentence2: pollution can harm animals.
The answer to this example can be: pollution.
Here is why: The word "pollution" is common to Sentence1 and Sentence2. So, it's a good answer.
OK. solve this:
Sentence1: a light bulb requires electrical energy to produce light.
Sentence2: Additional track lighting brightens the overall space.
Answer: | light | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | fs_opt |
Teacher:You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Anaheim,_California | isPartOf | California
Student: | Anaheim is part of California. | NIv2 | task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
President Obama's own director of national intelligence, Admiral Blair, put it this way: 'High-value information came from interrogations in which those methods were used and provided a deeper understanding of the al-Qaida organization that was attacking this country.'
Output: | military | NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you will use your knowledge about language (and common sense) to determine what element the marked number refers to. The numbers are marked with two underlines around them, like: _ number _. There are several possible answers, you'll need to choose the proper one. Carefully read the given text, pay special attention to the marked number, think about what (unwritten) information the marked number holds inside, choose the most adequate word(s) from the optional answers. If none of them seems right to you, there's also an option for other. If your answer is "REFERENCE", also write the reference entity, otherwise write the implicit option name. Options to choose from are:
REFERENCE: Some object which is being mentioned in the text before or after the target number. The reference answer has a higher priority than any other. If both Reference and another answer are possible, prioritize the Reference.
YEAR: Describing a calendric year
AGE: Describing someone's age
CURRENCY: Reference to some monetary value e.g dollar, euro etc.
PEOPLE: Describing a single/plural persons
TIME: Describing a time of the day. Usually you can add the word o'clock after those numbers.
OTHER: Some other option, which isn't listed here.
Narrator: In the spring of _ 1882 _ , a stage headed for Denver crawled over the Colorado Mountains carrying a fortune in pure silver ingots . One of the passengers carried a similar fortune in bank notes . This traveler , whom Lady Luck had smiled upon , was Bat Masterson , the man who became a legend in his own time .
Output: | YEAR | NIv2 | task304_numeric_fused_head_resolution | zs_opt |
"Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
One example is below.
Q: Prompt: See, Arlene? That's why I don't talk to you like that because I'm afraid I'll scare our son.
Response 1: I have 12. Wait, is the key to a success story getting the number to go down?
Response 2: Oh, Dad. Even that wasn't great.
A: Response 2
Rationale: Response 2 is correct answer because it agrees with the prompt and continues the conversation in the same context.
Q: Prompt: I don't know if I can stand to get out of the car.
Response 1: Thank you. I had to get out of that assembly. This guy is dying up there. He doesn't know what he's doing. I think he's not completely out of rehab yet.
Response 2: It's OK, I can help you. C'mon, get up here. Just lean against the car.
A: | Response 2 | NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | fs_opt |
TASK DEFINITION: Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
PROBLEM: Sentence1: Blood pH may become unbalanced if the rate of breathing is too fast or too slow.
Sentence2: If Someone Is Hyperventilating Hyperventilation is caused by breathing too deeply, too fast.
SOLUTION: breathing
PROBLEM: Sentence1: if an animal lives under ground then that animal will be protected from a wild fire.
Sentence2: animals that live under ground in California will be protected from some natural disasters.
SOLUTION: animal
PROBLEM: Sentence1: a light bulb requires electrical energy to produce light.
Sentence2: Additional track lighting brightens the overall space.
SOLUTION: | light
| NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | fs_opt |
instruction:
"Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
question:
Prompt: What if we split up when we get to the mall? I'd like to go to Sears.
Response 1: Oh, man, it's Mr. King Taco himself!
Response 2: I like to go to the boy store.
answer:
Response 2
question:
Prompt: Unmarried means I live somewhere else and don't see you very often.
Response 1: So, no biggie. You never really liked your father, anyway.
Response 2: Right, what we need to do to defeat his legion of terra cotta seven foot women.
answer:
Response 1
question:
Prompt: I don't know if I can stand to get out of the car.
Response 1: Thank you. I had to get out of that assembly. This guy is dying up there. He doesn't know what he's doing. I think he's not completely out of rehab yet.
Response 2: It's OK, I can help you. C'mon, get up here. Just lean against the car.
answer:
| Response 2
| NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | fs_opt |
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
Example: Amsterdam_Airport_Schiphol | runwayName | "09/27 'Buitenveldertbaan'"
Example solution: Amsterdam Airport Schipol runway name is 09/27 Buitenvelderbaan.
Example explanation: The simplest form of input is a single triple. Here the text describes the relationship in natural language.
Problem: Andrews_County_Airport | location | Texas
Texas | language | Spanish_language
Texas | capital | Austin,_Texas
Texas | demonym | Texan
| Solution: Andrews County Airport is located in Texas where the inhabitants have the demonym Texan. One of the languages spoken in Texas is Spanish and Austin is the capital. | NIv2 | task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you will use your knowledge about language (and common sense) to determine what element the marked number refers to. The numbers are marked with two underlines around them, like: _ number _. There are several possible answers, you'll need to choose the proper one. Carefully read the given text, pay special attention to the marked number, think about what (unwritten) information the marked number holds inside, choose the most adequate word(s) from the optional answers. If none of them seems right to you, there's also an option for other. If your answer is "REFERENCE", also write the reference entity, otherwise write the implicit option name. Options to choose from are:
REFERENCE: Some object which is being mentioned in the text before or after the target number. The reference answer has a higher priority than any other. If both Reference and another answer are possible, prioritize the Reference.
YEAR: Describing a calendric year
AGE: Describing someone's age
CURRENCY: Reference to some monetary value e.g dollar, euro etc.
PEOPLE: Describing a single/plural persons
TIME: Describing a time of the day. Usually you can add the word o'clock after those numbers.
OTHER: Some other option, which isn't listed here.
Problem:Eva Rojas: You 're late . I was told an 8:00 departure .
Dirk Pitt: What ?
Al Giordino: I never said _ 8 _ .
Dirk Pitt: I said 9 .
Eva Rojas: Well , it 's after 10 .
Dirk Pitt: Well who said 8 ?
Solution: | TIME | NIv2 | task304_numeric_fused_head_resolution | zs_opt |
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
[Q]: Ireland | largestCity | Dublin
[A]: The largest city in Ireland is Dublin.
[Q]: English_language | spokenIn | Great_Britain
United_States | language | English_language
A_Wizard_of_Mars | country | United_States
United_States | ethnicGroup | Native_Americans_in_the_United_States
[A]: A Wizard of Mars was written in the United States where the main language is English (originated in Great Britain). Natives Americans are an ethnic group of the US.
[Q]: Andrews_County_Airport | location | Texas
Texas | language | Spanish_language
Texas | capital | Austin,_Texas
Texas | demonym | Texan
[A]: | Andrews County Airport is located in Texas where the inhabitants have the demonym Texan. One of the languages spoken in Texas is Spanish and Austin is the capital.
| NIv2 | task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text | fs_opt |
Teacher:You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Adare_Manor | country | Republic_of_Ireland
Republic_of_Ireland | leaderName | Enda_Kenny
Republic_of_Ireland | language | Irish_language
Student: | Adare Manor is in the Irish speaking Republic of Ireland, where the leader is Enda Kenny. | NIv2 | task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text | zs_opt |
Two analogies that signify affordances are given in the form "A : B. C : ?". Affordance is the possibility of an action being done on an object, for example book is an affordance of writing. The phrase "A : B" implies that B is an affordance of A. Your task is to replace the question mark (?) with the appropriate affordance of the given action C, following the "A : B" relation. Your answer should be a single object without further explanation.
give : gift. climb : ? | tree | NIv2 | task1153_bard_analogical_reasoning_affordance | zs_opt |