Datasets:

ms_marco

like 81

[ "Average total cholesterol is 205 mg/dL when they're 40 to 49 and 208 mg/dL when they're 50 and above." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "High: ages 0 to 9: 100 mg/dL or higher, ages 10 to 19: 130 mg/dL or higher. The American Heart Association recommends that all adults have their cholesterol checked every four to six years, starting at age 20, which is when cholesterol levels can start to go up. As we age, cholesterol levels tend to rise. Men are generally at a higher risk than women", "Age is a major factor in the amount of cholesterol in your blood. Being older than 45 years old if you're a man and older than 55 if you're a woman is a risk factor for having a cholesterol problem, according to the U.S. government's National Cholesterol Education Program, or NCEP. Men's average total cholesterol is 205 mg/dL when they're 40 to 49 and 208 mg/dL when they're 50 and above. Below age 40, men's average total cholesterol is 185 mg/dL but for women it is 183 mg/dL.", "Cholesterol and Triglyceride Levels. Blood cholesterol is measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL). A deciliter is one-tenth of a liter). NCEP defines a desirable total cholesterol level as less than 200 mg/dL, and levels for most women stay in the healthy or desirable range until middle-age. But between the ages of 45 and 55, women's average total cholesterol rises to almost 220 mg/dL. Between the ages of 55 and 64, those levels average 240 mg/dL. A desirable total cholesterol level for adults without heart disease is less than 200 mg/dL. An HDL cholesterol level of 60 mg/dL and above is considered protective against heart disease, while a level less than 50 mg/dL for women or 40 mg/dL for men is considered a major risk factor for heart disease.", "In the United States, cholesterol levels are calculated in milligrams of cholesterol for each deciliter of blood. A result of under 200 mg per dL (5.2 mmol/L) is ideal. A level somewhere between 200 to 239 mg per dL (5.2 and 6.2 mmol/L) is within the edge line of high-risk class. In that case, your doctor might advise you to develop a preventing low cholesterol diet plan. More than 240 mg per dL (6.3 mmol/L) is the high-risk class. A score below 40 mg per dL (1 mmol/L) for men, and 50 mg per dL (1.3 mmol/L) for women is known to be low. This places you at threat of cardiovascular problems. A normal HDL cholesterol is in between 40 and 49 mg per dL (1 and 1.3 mmol/L) for men.", "Adults. The American Heart Association recommends that all adults have their cholesterol checked every four to six years, starting at age 20, which is when cholesterol levels can start to go up. As we age, cholesterol levels tend to rise. Men are generally at a higher risk than women", "The average, or normal, good cholesterol in men is 42 to 44 mg/dL at all ages; while the average good cholesterol in women is 53 mg/dL before age 30, 57 mg/dL at ages 30 to 39, 58 mg/dL at ages 40 to 49, 60 mg/dL at ages 50 to 59 and 62 mg/dL above 60. Men's average total cholesterol is 205 mg/dL when they're 40 to 49 and 208 mg/dL when they're 50 and above. Below age 40, men's average total cholesterol is 185 mg/dL but for women it is 183 mg/dL.", "LDL levels are therefore the very best gauge of risk of cardiac arrest. A low LDL cholesterol is much better. Lower than 100 mg per dL (2.6 mmol/L) is the ideal. Between 100 and 129 mg per dL (2.6 and 3.3 mmol/L) is close to ideal, while between 130 and 159 mg per dL (3.4 and 4.1 mmol/L) is borderline elevated. A score below 40 mg per dL (1 mmol/L) for men, and 50 mg per dL (1.3 mmol/L) for women is known to be low. This places you at threat of cardiovascular problems. A normal HDL cholesterol is in between 40 and 49 mg per dL (1 and 1.3 mmol/L) for men.", "Total blood (or serum) cholesterol. Your total cholesterol score is calculated using the following equation: HDL + LDL + 20 percent of your triglyceride level. HDL (good) cholesterol. With HDL cholesterol, higher levels are better. Low HDL cholesterol puts you at higher risk for heart disease. But first, you have to know your cholesterol numbers. The American Heart Association recommends all adults age 20 or older have their cholesterol, and other traditional risk factors, checked every four to six years. Your test report will show your cholesterol levels in milligrams per deciliter of blood (mg/dL).", "Total cholesterol above 200 mg/dL is a risk factor, the NCEP reports. Men's average total cholesterol is 205 mg/dL when they're 40 to 49 and 208 mg/dL when they're 50 and above. Below age 40, men's average total cholesterol is 185 mg/dL but for women it is 183 mg/dL." ], "url": [ "http://www.healthline.com/health/high-cholesterol/levels-by-age", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/275091-normal-cholesterol-levels-by-age/", "http://www.healthywomen.org/condition/cholesterol", "http://www.cholesterolmenu.com/cholesterol-levels-chart/", "http://www.healthline.com/health/high-cholesterol/levels-by-age", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/275091-normal-cholesterol-levels-by-age/", "http://www.cholesterolmenu.com/cholesterol-levels-chart/", "http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/Cholesterol/AboutCholesterol/What-Your-Cholesterol-Levels-Mean_UCM_305562_Article.jsp", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/275091-normal-cholesterol-levels-by-age/" ] }

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[ "Latency is physically a consequence of the limited velocity with which any physical interaction can propagate." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The contributors to network latency include: 1 Propagation: This is simply the time it takes for a packet to travel between one place and another at the speed of light. 2 Transmission: The medium itself (whether optical fiber, wireless, or some other) introduces some delay, which varies from one medium to another.", "Computer and operating system latency is the combined delay between an input or command and the desired output. In a computer system, latency is often used to mean any delay or waiting that increases real or perceived response time beyond what is desired.", "In this case, the time in milliseconds is the ping rate (or latency) between my home PC and the Google.com server. The program is telling me that it took an average of 30ms across four runs for my computer to communicate with Google.com.", "Latency is a time interval between the stimulation and response, or, from a more general point of view, as a time delay between the cause and the effect of some physical change in the system being observed. Latency is physically a consequence of the limited velocity with which any physical interaction can propagate.", "Network latency is an expression of how much time it takes for a packet of data to get from one designated point to another. In some environments (for example, AT&T), latency is measured by sending a packet that is returned to the sender; the round-trip time is considered the latency.", "Well, for one thing latency is actually measured in a unit of speed. Ironically, bandwidth isn’t, despite the fact that everyone refers to bandwidth as speed. More seriously, though, the best way to explain the difference is like this (using a pipe as an example): 1 Bandwidth has to do with how wide or narrow a pipe is.", "Internet latency is just a special case of network latency-the Internet is a very large wide-area network (WAN). The same factors as above determine latency on the Internet. However, distances in the transmission medium, the number of hops over equipment and servers are all greater than for smaller networks.", "Network latency, often referred to as lag, is the time delay that happens as data packets transmit from one point to another over a network.", "Network latency is simply defined as the time delay observed as data transmits from one point to another. Usually, to determine this time delay, the origin and destination points are used.", "Mechanical latency is the delay from input into a mechanical system or device to the desired output. This delay is determined by Newtonian physics-based limits of the mechanism (excepting quantum mechanics)." ], "url": [ "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/latency", "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/latency", "http://www.speedtest.net/articles/what-is-ping-what-is-latency/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latency_%28engineering%29", "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/latency", "http://www.plugthingsin.com/internet/speed/latency/", "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/latency", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-network-latency.htm", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-network-latency.htm", "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/latency" ] }

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[ "It is useful in cases of high astigmatism and poor visual acuity." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "RESULTS: The sphere, cylinder and axis components were transformed into a vector representation (Thibos et al., 1997). The mean spherical equivalent (MSE) difference between telescopic refraction (T) and subjective refraction (S) was +0.03D and the 95% limits of agreement were between -0.64D and +0.71D. For cylindrical vector measurement, J 0 (T-S) was 0.00D and the 95% limits of agreement were -0.30D and +0.29D; J 45 (T-S) was -0.01D and the 95% limits of agreement were -0.18D and +0.17D.", "Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is a form of immunotherapy that involves putting drops of allergen extracts under the tongue. Many people refer to this process as “allergy drops,” and it is an alternative treatment for allergy shots. Most studies on SLIT have focused on people with one type of allergy, such as grass or dust mite allergy. People with multiple allergies, such as to molds, pollens, pet dander and dust mite may not be good candidates for SLIT, given the large volume of different allergen extracts that would need to be taken.", "Nocturnal geckos like the tokay have a stenopaic pupil: contracts into a vertical slit composed of a linear array of dots. Some nocturnal lizards have slit pupils, others are round. Lizards, unlike other reptiles, have a choroid body, called the conus papillaris. ", "Wiktionary (0.00 / 0 votes) Rate this definition: slit (Noun). A narrow cut or opening; a slot. slit (Noun). The opening of the vagina. slit (Noun). A derogatory name for a woman, usually a sexually loose woman; a prostitute. slit (Verb). To cut a narrow opening. He slit the bag open and the rice began pouring out. ", "1 At the end of the glans is a small slit or opening, which is where semen and urine exit the body through the urethra. 2 A wrinkled tee shirt with shredded slits of material barely concealed her. Synonyms. 1 At this stage, they'll also check your garments for slits, broken buttons or zippers, and any other irregularities. 2 ", "The subjective refraction performed with the stenopaic slit is a procedure especially useful in cases of high astigmatism and poor visual acuity. The stenopaic slit placed in front of the eye isolates an ocular meridian on which to perform the refraction, independently of the other meridians. Second, it is shown that this representation can be used in the analysis of the optical principles of different subjective refraction procedures such as the stenopaic slit refraction, the Barnes astigmatic decomposition method, and the Jackson cross-cylinder (JCC) procedure.", "Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of slit): jag (a slit in a garment that exposes material of a different color underneath; used in Renaissance clothing). slot (a small slit (as for inserting a coin or depositing mail)). vent (a slit in a garment (as in the back seam of a jacket)). ", "The experiment was conducted by Thomas Young and is known as Young's Double Slit Experiment. This famous experiment is actually a simplification of a series of experiments on light conducted by Young. ", "The modern double-slit experiment is a demonstration that light and matter can display characteristics of both classically defined waves and particles; moreover, it displays the fundamentally probabilistic nature of quantum mechanical phenomena. Furthermore, versions of the experiment that include detectors at the slits find that each detected photon passes through one slit (as would a classical particle), and not through both slits (as would a wave)." ], "url": [ "http://www.aaopt.org/telescopic-refraction-system-stenopaic-slit", "http://www.centralcoastallergy.com/SLIT/slit.html", "http://www.anapsid.org/sight.html", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/slit", "http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/slit", "http://journals.lww.com/optvissci/Fulltext/2001/02000/Subjective_Refraction_Techniques_in_the_Frame_of.11.aspx", "http://www.audioenglish.org/dictionary/slit.htm", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iuv6hY6zsd0", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-slit_experiment" ] }

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[ "757.433.3362" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Branch Health Clinic, Naval Air Station Oceana, parent command Naval Medical Center, Portsmouth, VA. , was established to provide mission support to the fleet and is and located in Virginia Beach, VA. just inside Gate 1 of the Air Station.", "If you have questions or comments about CNATTU Oceana or our staff, or simply need more information contact us at the numbers below. Thanks for visiting and have a great Navy Day! Telephone: 757.433.3362 Fax: 757.433.3166 DSN: 433 NAS Oceana, Bldg 223 Postal Address: 790 D Avenue Virginia Beach, VA 23460-2299.", "First Colonial will turn into Oceana Blvd. Then turn right onto Tomcat Blvd to enter NAS Oceana. Follow Tomcat Blvd and then turn right on D St. D St will turn into 1st St, and the VFA-106 hangar will be directly in front of you. Arriving by Plane to Norfolk International Norfolk International Airport is located 20 miles to the west of", "Leave a reply. For the full NAS Oceana Directory with all the numbers, hours, and locations you need, visit: http://basedirectory.com/navy/nas-oceana-directory.", "**If we are deployed upon your arrival or if the squadron is away from NAS Oceana and the duty office cannot be contacted check in to TPU Norfolk, located in Building J-50 at 1683 Gilbert Street, Naval Station Norfolk. The TPU Quarterdeck phone number is (757) 444-1640.", "Welcome to the Center for Naval Aviation Technical Training Unit Oceana The Center for Naval Aviation Technical Training Unit Oceana’s mission is to provide advanced technical training to Department of Defense personnel in direct support of genuine and emerging fleet requirements. Feel free to browse around this site." ], "url": [ "http://www.med.navy.mil/sites/NMCP2/BranchClinics/OceanaBHC/Pages/Default.aspx", "https://www.netc.navy.mil/centers/cnatt/oceana/", "http://www.public.navy.mil/airfor/vfa106/Pages/About.aspx", "http://nasoceanadirectory.com/", "http://www.public.navy.mil/airfor/vfa31/Pages/About.aspx", "https://www.netc.navy.mil/centers/cnatt/oceana/" ] }

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[ "Southern bluefin tuna, King George whiting, Moreton Bay bug, Mud Crab, Jew Fish, Dhufish (Western Australia) and Yabby.", "Southern bluefin tuna, King George whiting, Moreton Bay bug, Mud Crab, Jew Fish, Dhufish (Western Australia) and Yabby." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Associated with Anzac Day on April 25, the biscuit is a crunchy commemoration of the members of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) who fought in World War I. It's Australian food with a back story. The Anzac biscuit was made by wives during the war and sent to soldiers, because the basic ingredients (rolled oats, flour, sugar, desiccated coconut, golden syrup, butter, bicarbonate of soda and water) were able to keep for a long time, even on long boat journeys. A favorite Australian food, the delectable bite-sized treat is made up of chewy caramel coated in milk chocolate. It's renowned for yellow and blue wrapping scribed with movie trivia, a marketing move that has endeared the treat to DVD groupies and movie goers.", "Before the arrival of the First Fleet of Europeans at Sydney in 1788, indigenous Australians survived off the often unique native flora and fauna of the Australian bush, for between 40,000 and 60,000 years. Hunting of kangaroo, wallaby and emu was common. The Australian Wine Industry is the fourth largest exporter of wine around the world, with 760 million litres a year to a large international export market and contributes $5.5 billion per annum to the nation's economy.", "Australian's food senses were assaulted with a new range of smells, tastes and types of food at the end of the Second World War in 1945. A large influx of Europeans migrated to Australia, especially from the Mediterranean – Italy, Greece, Turkey and Lebanon – as well as from the Baltic states and Russia. The consumption of beer as Australia's most popular alcoholic drink was later overtaken by wine in the 1970s. Wines have a long history in Australia with vines planted to yield grapes for wine in 1791, and exports of Australian wine beginning in 1822.", "Australia has a rich variety of foods and drinks, adopted and adapted since colonisation and developed as part of a multi-cultural society. What was once new and foreign has been transformed with new ingredients and styles into distinctly Australian food. The consumption of beer as Australia's most popular alcoholic drink was later overtaken by wine in the 1970s. Wines have a long history in Australia with vines planted to yield grapes for wine in 1791, and exports of Australian wine beginning in 1822.", "Experience the freedom and creativity of Australia's food and wine culture that helps us produce fresh and innovative flavours and wines that are the envy of the world. Australia's unspoilt landscapes produce an incredibly wide variety of fresh and tantalising produce. The Taste of Tasmania is one of Australia's most popular food festivals. Stallholders use their creativity to present a variety of dishes such as wallaby burritos for those a little more adventurous to the family favourite, freshly cooked fish and chips.", "Meat has always been a large part of the Australian diet, although Australians (like others around the world) began to be concerned about controlling cholesterol and fat in their diet, and decreased their consumption of meat slightly toward the end of the twentieth century. ", "Australian cuisine of the first decade of the 21st century shows the influence of globalisation. Organic and biodynamic foods have become widely available and there has been a revival of interest in bushfoods. The Australian Wine Industry is the fourth largest exporter of wine around the world, with 760 million litres a year to a large international export market and contributes $5.5 billion per annum to the nation's economy.", "Australian cuisine features Australian seafood such as: Southern bluefin tuna, King George whiting, Moreton Bay bug, Mud Crab, Jew Fish, Dhufish (Western Australia) and Yabby. Australia is one of the largest producers of abalone and rock lobster. The Australian Wine Industry is the fourth largest exporter of wine around the world, with 760 million litres a year to a large international export market and contributes $5.5 billion per annum to the nation's economy.", "29. Found commonly in Australian waters including Sydney Harbour, John Dory is a popular fish variety in local cuisine. Battered and fried and served with chips, or pan-fried with herbed oil on a bed of mashed potato with salad, this is a versatile, meaty fish and popular Australian food. A favorite Australian food, the delectable bite-sized treat is made up of chewy caramel coated in milk chocolate. It's renowned for yellow and blue wrapping scribed with movie trivia, a marketing move that has endeared the treat to DVD groupies and movie goers.", "Food. Food and Drink Australia's first settlers brought with them the tastes of 18th century Great Britain. Their familiar dishes such as roast beef and Yorkshire pudding, Irish stew and steamed pudding were, for most of the year, totally unsuitable for the harsh climate and conditions." ], "url": [ "http://travel.cnn.com/sydney/eat/40-foods-australians-call-their-own-651613/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_cuisine", "http://www.australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/austn-food-and-drink", "http://www.australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/austn-food-and-drink", "http://www.australia.com/en/things-to-do/food-and-wine.html", "http://www.foodbycountry.com/Algeria-to-France/Australia.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_cuisine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_cuisine", "http://travel.cnn.com/sydney/eat/40-foods-australians-call-their-own-651613/", "http://www.aussie-info.com/identity/food/" ] }

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[ "Pretext generally refers to a reason for an action which is false, and offered to cover up true motives or intentions. It is a concept sometimes brought up in the context of employment discrimination." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Full Definition of PRETEXT. : a purpose or motive alleged or an appearance assumed in order to cloak the real intention or state of affairs. See pretext defined for English-language learners. See pretext defined for kids. ADVERTISEMENT. ", "Definition of PRETEXTING. : the practice of presenting oneself as someone else in order to obtain private information. ADVERTISEMENT. ", "Wiktionary (0.00 / 0 votes) Rate this definition: pretext (Noun). A false, contrived or assumed purpose; a pretense. The reporter called the company on the pretext of trying to resolve a consumer complaint. ", "pre•text. 1. something put forward to conceal a true purpose or object; ostensible reason; excuse. 2. the misleading appearance or behavior assumed with this intention; subterfuge. praetextum pretext, ornament, n. use of neuter past participle of praetexere to edge with, place in front, pretend. pretext. n. 1. a fictitious reason given in order to conceal the real one. 2. a specious excuse; pretence. [C16: from Latin praetextum disguise, from praetexere to weave in front, disguise; see texture]", "PRETEXT. TheLaw.com Law Dictionary & Black's Law Dictionary 2nd Ed. The reasons assigned to justify an act, which have only the appearance of truth, and which are without foundation; or which if true are not the true reasons for such act. 1 Share on Facebook. 2 Share on Twitter. ", "Pretext Law & Legal Definition. Pretext generally refers to a reason for an action which is false, and offered to cover up true motives or intentions. It is a concept sometimes brought up in the context of employment discrimination. ", "LINK / CITE ADD TO WORD LIST. noun. The definition of a pretext is an excuse or a cover up for the truth. An example of a pretext is a person saying that she is having a small family dinner at home while a group of people are waiting there to surprise her father for his birthday. ", "a pretext to do sth → un pretexte prétexte pour faire. qch on the pretext of → sth pretextant. Prétextant qch he excused himself on the pretext of a → Stomach upset'il s, est excuse excusé pretextant'prétextant. un mal d estomac pretext. n. 1. a fictitious reason given in order to conceal the real one. 2. a specious excuse; pretence. [C16: from Latin praetextum disguise, from praetexere to weave in front, disguise; see texture].", "Noun. 1. pretext-something serving to conceal plans; a fictitious reason that is concocted in order to conceal the real reason. stalking-horse. dissembling, feigning, pretense, pretence-pretending with intention to deceive. pretext. n. 1. a fictitious reason given in order to conceal the real one. 2. a specious excuse; pretence. [C16: from Latin praetextum disguise, from praetexere to weave in front, disguise; see texture]" ], "url": [ "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pretext", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pretexting", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/pretext", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/pretext", "http://dictionary.thelaw.com/pretext/", "http://definitions.uslegal.com/p/pretext/", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/pretext", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/pretext", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/pretext" ] }

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[ "Nostoc is a genus of cyanobacteria found in a variety of environmental niches that forms colonies composed of filaments of moniliform cells in a gelatinous sheath." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Answers. Best Answer: Nostoc is a genus of cyanobacteria (Blue green algae) found in a variety of environmental niches that forms colonies composed of filaments of moniliform cells in a gelatinous sheath. The scientific name is Nostoc (It is the generic name) and it has many species.", "Best Answer: Nostoc is a genus of cyanobacteria (Blue green algae) found in a variety of environmental niches that forms colonies composed of filaments of moniliform cells in a gelatinous sheath. The scientific name is Nostoc (It is the generic name) and it has many species.", "Nostoc is a genus of cyanobacteria found in a variety of environmental niches that forms colonies composed of filaments of moniliform cells in a gelatinous sheath. The name Nostoc was coined by Paracelsus. Nostoc is a member of the family Nostocaceae of the order Hormogonales. Species include: 1 N. azollae. 2 N. caeruleum. 3 N. carneum. 4 N. comminutum. 5 N. commune, Koxianmi (Chinese). 6 N. ellipsosporum. 7 N. flagelliforme. 8 N. linckia.", "Nostoc is a genus of cyanobacteria found in a variety of environmental niches that forms colonies composed of filaments of moniliform cells in a gelatinous sheath. The name Nostoc was coined by Paracelsus. It derives from the ancient Greek word nόsos (νόσος, disease or sickness) . Containing protein and vitamin C, Nostoc species are cultivated and consumed as a foodstuff, primarily in Asia. The N. flagelliforme and N. commune varieties are consumed in China, Japan and Java, N. commune is also consumed in the Andes.", "Nostoc is a member of the family Nostocaceae of the order Hormogonales. Species include: 1 N. azollae. 2 N. caeruleum. 3 N. carneum. 4 N. comminutum. 5 N. commune, Koxianmi (Chinese). 6 N. ellipsosporum. 7 N. flagelliforme. Containing protein and vitamin C, Nostoc species are cultivated and consumed as a foodstuff, primarily in Asia. The N. flagelliforme and N. commune varieties are consumed in China, Japan and Java, N. commune is also consumed in the Andes.", "Nostoc commune is a species of cyanobacterium in the family Nostocaceae. Common names include star jelly, witch's butter, mare's eggs, fah-tsai and facai. It is the type species of the genus Nostoc and is cosmopolitan in distribution. Description [edit]. Nostoc commune is a colonial species of cyanobacterium. It initially forms a small, hollow gelatinous globule which grows and becomes leathery, flattened and convoluted, forming a gelatinous mass with other colonies growing nearby.", "Nostoc. Nostoc is a genus of cyanobacteria found in a variety of environmental niches that forms colonies composed of filaments of moniliform cells in a gelatinous sheath. The name Nostoc was coined by Paracelsus. It derives from the ancient Greek word nόsos (νόσος, disease or sickness) . Nostoc is a member of the family Nostocaceae of the order Hormogonales. Species include: 1 N. azollae. 2 N. caeruleum. 3 N. carneum. 4 N. comminutum. 5 N. commune, Koxianmi (Chinese). 6 N. ellipsosporum. 7 N. flagelliforme. 8 N. linckia." ], "url": [ "https://ph.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100319195505AAHw9Rx", "https://ph.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100319195505AAHw9Rx", "http://www.eol.org/pages/11781/overview", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nostoc", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nostoc", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nostoc_commune", "http://www.eol.org/pages/11781/overview" ] }

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[ "Lamb,lambkin" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Taliah's language of origin is Hebrew. Taliah is a variation of Talia (English, Spanish, Arabic, and Hebrew). Taliah is an infrequently used baby name for girls. It is not listed in the top 1000 names. In 2012, among the group of girl names directly linked to Taliah, Talia was the most commonly used.", "Taliah /tal-i-ah/ [3 sylls.] as a girls' name. Taliah means heaven's dew; lamb. Taliah is an alternate form of Talia (Hebrew, Aramaic): variation of Taliah. Tala is a common surname. (2000 U.S. Census). Displayed below is a comparison of the usage of Taliah and affiliated names. Popular variation forms of Taliah (outside Top 1000) are Tahlia and Talia (#330 last year) . These girl names are at the top of their popularity today (usage of 0.335%).", "Talia /ta-lia/ [3 sylls.] as a girls' name is pronounced TAL-yah. It is of Hebrew and Aramaic origin, and the meaning of Talia is heaven's dew; lamb. Variant of Taliah. Talia is also a short form of Natalia. Actress Talia Shire. Variations. Talia ▲ has 3 variants: Tahlia, Taliah and Talya. Related girl names: Talisa, Tally, Natalie and Thalia. Talia ▲ has 15 more different forms via Natalia: Natala, Natalea, Nataleah, Natalee ▼ , Nataleigh, Natali, Nataliya, Natallie, Nataly ▼ , Natalya ▼ , Natelie, Nathalie ▲ , Natilee, Natilie and Nattilie.", "Meaning of Taliah. Hebrew name. In Hebrew, the name Taliah means-Lamb; lambkin. Also an abbreviation of Natalia.. Other origins for the name Taliah include-Hebrew, Israeli.The name Taliah is most often used as a girl name or female name. Hebrew Name Meaning-Lamb; lambkin. Also an abbreviation of Natalia", "Talia is a very popular first name for females (#1797 out of 4276, Top 42%) and also a very popular surname for both adults and children (#57406 out of 150436, Top 38%). (2000 U.S. Census). Presented below is the birth name popularity of Talia for girls. Variations. Talia ▲ has 3 variants: Tahlia, Taliah and Talya. Related girl names: Talisa, Tally, Natalie and Thalia. Talia ▲ has 15 more different forms via Natalia: Natala, Natalea, Nataleah, Natalee ▼ , Nataleigh, Natali, Nataliya, Natallie, Nataly ▼ , Natalya ▼ , Natelie, Nathalie ▲ , Natilee, Natilie and Nattilie.", "Taliah is generally used as a girl's name. It consists of 6 letters and 3 syllables and is pronounced Ta-li-ah. In the U.S. in 2014, it ranked 1640 in baby name popularity for girls with 130 occurrences. Less than 5 boys were given the name. View the Taliah Name Popularity Page to see how the popularity trend for Taliah has changed since 1880, or to compare the popularity of Taliah to other names.", "Taliah is also an unusual last name for all people. (2000 U.S. Census). Displayed below is a comparison of the usage of Taliah and affiliated names. Popular variation forms of Taliah (outside Top 1000) are Tahlia and Talia (#330 last year) . These girl names are at the top of their popularity today (usage of 0.335%). Talia (#330) is the most chic birth name in this compilation", "Your name is derived from the Greek name, Thalia / Thalía thaleia which 'means'. 'Blooming' talia is A hebrew word 'meaning dew From'. God sometimes that spelling is used as an alternative to The greek spelling so some initial confusion may. arise ", "As a baby girl name, Taliah is currently not a popular baby name in the USA. There are no available USA popularity statistics for the name Taliah for the past 100 years. However, the following chart shows the popularity ranking for the name Taliyah, of which the name Taliah is a variant. USA baby name statistics. Also means blooming in Greek. Form of Talia. It is a female name, suitable for baby girls. Origins. The name Taliah is very likely a(n) Hebrew variant of the name Taliyah. See other suggested Hebrew girl baby names. You might also like to see the other variants of the name Taliyah." ], "url": [ "http://www.babynamespedia.com/meaning/Taliah", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Taliah", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Talia", "http://www.meaning-of-names.com/hebrew-names/taliah.asp", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Talia", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Taliah.html", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Taliah", "http://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/700017/jewish/What-does-the-name-Talia-mean.htm", "http://www.quickbabynames.com/meaning-of-Taliah.html" ] }

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[ "mice tend to come out in the night. During the day time, mice will normally not come out, but if opportunities exist then they surely can." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "It is really hot during the day but it is much cooler during the night so that's why rats stay underground during the hot day and come out during the cooler night.", "Rats and mice are usually active at night and are not likely to gain entry through open doors and windows during the day. The exception might be when they are under real pressure to find food and shelter. Then they may take the risk of venturing out", "Making the world better, one answer at a time. Most definitely. Although mice tend to come out in the night when most of the occupants of the house are asleep or immobile. This allows them to stealthily infiltrate any of your food bags, crumbs etc. During the day time, mice will normally not come out, but if opportunities exist then they surely can.", "Hypothesis. The activity levels of the mice will increase when tested at night, when the lights are off, when compared to during the day when the lights are on. Activity level is defined by number of rotations the mice do in a 10-minute period.", "If you do see a mouse during the day, you have a real problem. They usually only come out at night, and only during daylight, if they are having trouble getting food. The daytime mice you see, are not the aggressive mice in the group, but the ones that have to wait for the big guys to eat first. Take action or move out." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_do_mice_come_out_during_the_day_and_not_at_night", "http://howto.yellow.co.nz/home-garden/pest-control-home-garden/how-to-keep-rats-and-mice-out/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Can_a_mice_come_out_in_the_daytime", "http://www.depts.alverno.edu/nsmt/archive/wiel.htm", "https://meetyourmouse.wordpress.com/" ] }

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[ "It is an analytic procedure used in chemistry to detect the presence of certain elements, primarily metal ions." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A flame test is an analytic procedure used in chemistry to detect the presence of certain elements, primarily metal ions, based on each element's characteristic emission spectrum. The test involves introducing a sample of the element or compound to a hot, non-luminous flame, and observing the color of the flame that results.", "The flame test carried out on a copper halide. The characteristic bluish-green color of the flame is due to the copper. Different flame types of Bunsen Burner depending on air flow through the valve: 1. air valve closed. 2. air valve nearly fully closed. 3. air valve semi-opened. 4. air valve maximally opened. The test involves introducing a sample of the element or compound to a hot, non-luminous flame, and observing the color of the flame that results.", "flame test. flame test, test used in the identification of certain metals. It is based on the observation that light emitted by any element gives a unique spectrum when passed through a spectroscope. When a salt of the metal is introduced into a Bunsen burner flame, the metallic ion produces characteristic color in the flame", "Flame Test Introduction. The flame test is used to visually determine the identity of an unknown metal or metalloid ion based on the characteristic color the salt turns the flame of a Bunsen burner. The heat of the flame excites the electrons of the metals ions, causing them to emit visible light.", "FLAME TESTS This page describes how to do a flame test for a range of metal ions, and briefly describes how the flame colour arises. Flame tests are used to identify the presence of a relatively small number of metal ions in a compound. Not all metal ions give flame colours. For Group 1 compounds, flame tests are usually by far the easiest way of identifying which metal you have got. For other metals, there are usually other easy methods which are more reliable-but the flame test can give a useful hint as to where to look.", "The color of flames in general also depends on temperature; see flame color. The test involves introducing a sample of the element or compound to a hot, non-luminous flame, and observing the color of the flame that results. The idea of the test is that sample atoms evaporate and since they are hot, they emit light when being in flame", "Flame tests are useful because gas excitations produce a signature line emission spectrum for an element. In comparison, incandescence produces a continuous band of light with a peak dependent on the temperature of the hot object. Because each element has an exactly defined line emission spectrum, scientists are able to identify them by the color of flame they produce. For example, copper produces a blue flame, lithium and strontium a red flame, calcium an orange flame, sodium a yellow flame, and barium a green flame.", "Metals change the colour of a flame when they are heated in it. Different metals give different colours to the flame, so flame tests can be used to identify the presence of a particular metal in a sample. This is how you would carry out a typical flame test: 1 dip a clean flame test loop in the sample solution. 2 hold the flame test loop at the edge of a bunsen burner flame. ", "1 A flame test is performed by introducing a sample into the blue flame of a bunsen burner and noting any change in the colour of the flame. 2 Flame tests can be used to detect the presence of some metallic elements in salts. 1 Flame tests can be used to detect the presence of some metallic elements in salts. 2 The heat of the bunsen burner's flame causes electrons in the element to move from their lower energy ground state to a higher energy excited state.", "The Flame Test The flame test is a qualitative test used in chemistry to help determine the identity or possible identity of a metal or metalloid ion found in an ionic compound. If the compound is placed in the flame of a gas burner, there may be a characteristic color given off that is visible to the naked eye. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flame_test", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flame_test", "http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/science/flame-test.html", "http://chemistry.about.com/od/analyticalchemistry/a/flametest.htm", "http://chemguide.co.uk/inorganic/group1/flametests.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flame_test", "http://www.webexhibits.org/causesofcolor/3BA.html", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/edexcel_pre_2011/patterns/forensicsciencerev2.shtml", "http://www.ausetute.com.au/flametest.html", "https://www.soinc.org/sites/default/files/uploaded_files/flametest.pdf" ] }

[]

[ "Fluorspar" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Variety of Yellow / Orange Colors. Jewelry with yellow and golden colored gem stones come in a variety of different shades, including amber, canary, champagne, gold, lemon, mustard, ochre and saffron. Shown below are pictures of some common and uncommon yellow stones including citrine, yellow sapphire, amber and stone canyon jasper. The links below provide more information about a specific gemstone, pictures of jewelry made with the stone, or its corresponding birthstone facts. This page will show you pictures of all the yellow birthstones.", "Yellow Fluorite. Fluorite, also called fluorspar, is a fluorescent (a word derived from its name) stone that comes in a range of colors, including red, green, blue, black and yellow. The yellow gemstones are common enough, but are rather soft, and hence not widely used in jewelry. Beside black, red, green and almost all other colors, tourmaline is also available as yellow stones, though the yellow gems are very rare. The yellow gemstones come from the species of tourmaline called dravite, as well as the more valuable elbaite. The yellow rocks are mined in Brazil and Africa.", "If yellow quartz is called citrine and violet quartz amethyst, green quartz is called prasiolite, also spelled praziolite. Like aventurine, prasiolite — also called vermarine or just green quartz — is a variety of quartz that occurs as green crystals. Beside white, black, red and yellow, precious opal also occurs as green stones, or white/black stones that display a play of color involving green. Green fire against white background is the most common of the precious opals; green against black body tone is much more valuable.", "Yellowstone National Park is called a Super-Volcano, Because of its imense size. It is approx more than 5x the Diameter of Mt St Helens. It is also a Super volcano because of … the MASSIVE caldera of magma caverns only Mere Kilometers below the surface. ", "Yellow is a bright color, and yellow stones in jewelry light up your look with the brilliant glints and touch such as only yellow gemstones can. Yellow gems give the colors beside them that desirable golden highlight, making you look even brighter and glamorous. Beside black, red, green and almost all other colors, tourmaline is also available as yellow stones, though the yellow gems are very rare. The yellow gemstones come from the species of tourmaline called dravite, as well as the more valuable elbaite. The yellow rocks are mined in Brazil and Africa.", "The Yellowstone Caldera is the volcanic caldera and supervolcano located in Yellowstone National Park in the United States, sometimes referred to as the Yellowstone Supervolcano. ", "Pictures of Yellow Gemstones. Jewelry with yellow and golden colored gem stones come in a variety of different shades, including amber, canary, champagne, gold, lemon, mustard, ochre and saffron. Shown below are pictures of some common and uncommon yellow stones including citrine, yellow sapphire, amber and stone canyon jasper. The links below provide more information about a specific gemstone, pictures of jewelry made with the stone, or its corresponding birthstone facts. This page will show you pictures of all the yellow birthstones.", "Best Answer: Yellowstone's name is historically credited to the Native Americans who lived in and around the park area. The name is basically derived from the Yellowstone River. The Yellowstone River has high yellow rock cliffs along its banks in the northern area of the present day park. The Native American Minnetaree tribe called the river Mi tsi a da zi, which means Rock Yellow River.. French fur trappers translated this to Yellow Rock or Yellow Stone.. The Yellowstone Caldera is the volcanic caldera located in Yellowstone National Park in the United States, sometimes referred to as the Yellowstone Supervolcano. The caldera is located in the northwest corner of Wyoming, in which the vast majority of the park is contained" ], "url": [ "http://www.bernardine.com/gemstones/yellow.htm", "http://kamayojewelry.com/gemstone-colors/yellow-gemstone-names/", "http://kamayojewelry.com/gemstone-colors/green-gemstone-names/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_is_yellowstone_called_yellowstone", "http://kamayojewelry.com/gemstone-colors/yellow-gemstone-names/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellowstone_Volcano", "http://www.bernardine.com/gemstones/yellow.htm", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100526184734AAqGyhm" ] }

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[ "It is the body's main immune response to assaults on the body by bacteria and fungi and addition to killing bacteria by phagocytosis (engulfing).", "It destroys bacteria and host tissue during inflammation." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Lower power. Avian Heterophil. Neutrophils represent up to 70% of all leukocytes in the blood stream (in humans there are approximately 4.4 million neutrophils / millilitre of blood) and are distinguished by their irregular multi-lobed nucleus and indistinct granular appearance. Three types of granules are present in neutrophils: 1 Primary granules (azurophilic) are present in all granulocytes and contain myeloperoxidase which creates anti-bacterial compounds, acid hydrolases and defensins.", "Macrophages also stimulate Lymphocytes and other immune cells that react to pathogens as what is called an antigen-presenting cell, also known as a histiocyte. Macrophages are located throughout the bloodstream, and may be fixed or they can be freely motile and capable of amoeboid-like movement. ", "Neutrophils are normally found in the bloodstream and are the most abundant type of phagocyte, constituting 50% to 60% of the total circulating white blood cells. This distinguishes them from the mononuclear agranulocytes. In common parlance, the term polymorphonuclear leukocyte often refers specifically to neutrophil granulocytes, the most abundant of the granulocytes; the other types (eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells) have lower numbers.", "Phagocytosis. Several types of cells in the immune system engulf microorganisms via phagocytosis. 1 Neutrophils. 2 Neutrophils are abundant in the blood, quickly enter tissues, and phagocytize pathogens in acute inflammation. 3 Macrophages. 4 Macrophages are closely related to monocytes in the blood. ", "They ingest bacteria, foreign cells, and damaged and dead cells. (The process of a cell ingesting a microorganism, another cell, or cell fragments is called phagocytosis, and cells that ingest are called phagocytes.). Macrophages secrete substances that attract other white blood cells to the site of the infection. They also help T cells recognize invaders and thus also participate in acquired immunity. ", "Neutrophil elastase (EC 3.4.21.37, leukocyte elastase, ELANE, ELA2, elastase 2, neutrophil, elaszym, serine elastase) is a serine proteinase in the same family as chymotrypsin and has broad substrate specificity. Secreted by neutrophils and macrophages during inflammation, it destroys bacteria and host tissue. ", "Neutrophils. Neutrophils are a kind of white blood cell. Filled with enzymes, they help phagocytic cells kill and digest microorganisms that they have engulfed. Neutrophils are the body's main immune response to assaults on the body by bacteria and fungi. In addition to killing bacteria by phagocytosis (engulfing), the neutrophils also can release a jumble of fibers in the form of a net called a neutrophil extracellular trap (NET). This kills microbes outside of the cell when the neutrophils release proteins in granules.", "The type of cells that have APCs are some lymphocytes, dendritic cells and macrophages. Neutrophils have granulocytes that are phagocytic. Neutrophils and macropages are different because neutrophils do not have APCs. They have a lobed nucleus called polymorphonuclear (PMN's or poly's). They leave the circulatory system to attack pathogens in tissues. Neutrophils are primarily circulating phagocytes recruited from the blood to sites of inflammation during acute events where they phagocytose opsonised organisms and dead cells. Macrophages are derived from blood monocytes and are found resting in the tissues.", "In chemotaxis, the neutrophils recognize chemicals that are produced by bacteria and leave the blood vessels and go into the tissues following the trail of chemicals. When they find a bacteria cell, they completely surround it and digest it (basically tear it appart with chemicals). In addition to killing bacteria by phagocytosis (engulfing), the neutrophils also can release a jumble of fibers in the form of a net called a neutrophil extracellular trap (NET). This kills microbes outside of the cell when the neutrophils release proteins in granules.", "Lymphocytes. Two main types of lymphocytes are B-cells and T-cells. B-cells are characterized by the presence of immunoglobulins on their surface, and upon stimulation with antigen, they are transformed into plasma cells. Plasma cells are then able to secrete antibodies specific to the antigen. Tissue neutrophils are activated by chemoattractants at the site of injury. Neutrophils ingest bacteria by phagocytosis and then release enzymes (such as lysozyme) to destroy the bacteria. Eosinophils. Eosinophils migrate from the marrow through the blood into the extravascular tissue, and they survive there for weeks." ], "url": [ "http://en.wikivet.net/Neutrophils", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_do_macrophages_secrete", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granulocytes", "http://courses.washington.edu/conj/bloodcells/phagocytosis.htm", "http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/immune-disorders/biology-of-the-immune-system/innate-immunity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutrophil_elastase", "http://www.indepthinfo.com/biology/neutrophils.htm", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090329054742AA7olQ7", "http://www.indepthinfo.com/biology/neutrophils.htm", "http://bme.virginia.edu/ley/leukocytes.html" ] }

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[ "Proteins derived from plant foods (legumes, seeds, grains, and vegetables) can be complete as well (examples include chickpeas, black beans, pumpkin seeds, cashews, cauliflower, quinoa, pistachios, turnip greens, black-eyed peas, and soy). Most plant foods tend to have less of one or more essential amino acid." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Source of Whey Protein. Twenty percent of the protein in milk is in the form of whey protein, while the remaining 80 percent is from casein. When whey protein is manufactured, the first step is to change milk into curds and whey. Whey protein, a form of protein that is manufactured from milk, is an excellent source of protein for people of all ages.", "Protein is unique because it is the only food source of nitrogen, which is essential to all plant and animal life. Proteins are made up of chains of amino acids. For each protein, there are specific amino acids in a specific amount, and they are joined in a unique order. Incomplete proteins, found in plant foods, such as grains, seeds, nuts, beans and vegetables, provide a varying but limited array of amino acids. A greater variety and amount of incomplete proteins must be consumed to cover all the amino acids needed for protein building.", "Though some vegetable sources of protein contain sufficient values of all essential amino acids, many are lower in one or more essential amino acids than animal sources, especially lysine, and to a lesser extent methionine and threonine. 1 Proteins derived from plant foods (legumes, seeds, grains, and vegetables) can be complete as well (examples include chickpeas, black beans, pumpkin seeds, cashews, cauliflower, quinoa, pistachios, turnip greens, black-eyed peas, and soy). 2 Most plant foods tend to have less of one or more essential amino acid", "Sources of Complete Protein. Animal sources of protein are complete proteins, and some plant foods contain all essential amino acids. Sources of complete animal proteins include milk, yogurt, cheese, meat, poultry, fish, seafood and eggs. Soy protein is a plant-based source of high-quality, complete protein. Grains that contain all essential amino acids and are complete proteins include quinoa and amaranth, according to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.", "Protein foods are classified in two ways: complete and incomplete. Complete proteins, which come from animal sources such as chicken, fish, dairy and soybeans, contain all the essential amino acids that help build your muscle and body tissue. Incomplete proteins, found in plant foods, such as grains, seeds, nuts, beans and vegetables, provide a varying but limited array of amino acids. A greater variety and amount of incomplete proteins must be consumed to cover all the amino acids needed for protein building.", "Main article: Protein (nutrient). A complete protein (or whole protein) is a source of protein that contains an adequate proportion of all nine of the essential amino acids necessary for the dietary needs of humans or other animals. 1 Proteins derived from plant foods (legumes, seeds, grains, and vegetables) can be complete as well (examples include chickpeas, black beans, pumpkin seeds, cashews, cauliflower, quinoa, pistachios, turnip greens, black-eyed peas, and soy). 2 Most plant foods tend to have less of one or more essential amino acid", "Complete proteins are those that contain all essential amino acids in sufficient quantity – these are typically animal-based proteins, but a few plant sources are also considered complete. A few examples are (* indicates plant-based): 1 Meat. 2 Fish. 3 Dairy products (milk, yogurt, whey). 4 Eggs. Complete vs Incomplete Protein Sources. Your body needs 22 different types of amino acids to function properly. Adults can synthesize 13 of those within the body (known as non-essential amino acids), but the other 9 must be obtained from food (known as essential amino acids).", "The use of whey protein as a source of amino acids and its effect on reducing the risks of diseases such as heart disease, cancer and diabetes has been the focus of ongoing research as of 2007. Whey is an abundant source of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), which are used to stimulate protein synthesis. When leucine is ingested in high amounts, such as with whey protein supplementation, there is greater stimulation of protein synthesis, which may speed recovery and adaptation to stress (exercise). Whey protein is the collection of globular proteins isolated from whey. The protein in cow's milk is 20% whey protein and 80% casein protein, whereas the protein in human milk is 60% whey and 40% casein.", "Protein foods are classified in two ways: complete and incomplete. Complete proteins, which come from animal sources such as chicken, fish, dairy and soybeans, contain all the essential amino acids that help build your muscle and body tissue. Food sources of protein include meat, dairy products, eggs, beans, nuts and seeds, whole grains, and vegetables. Most foods include some protein, even if only a little." ], "url": [ "http://www.livestrong.com/article/206284-where-does-whey-protein-come-from/", "http://www.indiadiets.com/foods/food_nutrients/Proteins.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete_protein", "http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/proteins/incomplete-vs-complete-proteins.html", "http://www.indiadiets.com/foods/food_nutrients/Proteins.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete_protein", "http://www.builtlean.com/2012/10/03/complete-vs-incomplete-protein-sources/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whey_protein", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Complete_proteins_are_found_in_foods_that_come_from_what_sources" ] }

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[ "North Atlantic Ocean" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Norwegian Sea (Norwegian: Norskehavet) is a marginal sea in the North Atlantic Ocean, northwest of Norway. It is located between the North Sea (i.e. north of the United Kingdom) and the Greenland Sea and adjoins the North Atlantic Ocean to the west and the Barents Sea to the northeast. The Norwegian Sea is part of the Northern Sea Route for ships from European ports to Asia. The travel distance from Rotterdam to Tokyo is 21,100 km (13,111 mi) via the Suez Canal and only 14,100 km (8,761 mi) through the Norwegian Sea.", "Geologically, Iceland is part of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a ridge along which the oceanic crust spreads and forms new oceanic crust. This part of the mid-ocean ridge is located above a mantle plume, causing Iceland to be subaerial (above the surface of the sea). Iceland is located at the juncture of the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans. The main island is entirely south of the Arctic Circle, which passes through the small Icelandic island of Grimsey grímsey off the main'island s northern. coast", "Iceland (/ˈaɪslaend/ ; ˈaɪslænd: Ísland [island]) ísland ˈistlant Is a nordic island country Between The north atlantic And The. arctic ocean Iceland is located at the juncture of the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans. The main island is entirely south of the Arctic Circle, which passes through the small Icelandic island of Grimsey grímsey off the main'island s northern. coast", "Iceland. Print this map. Print this map. Located in the North Atlantic Ocean, directly east of Greenland, Iceland is Europe's western most country, the second largest island in the North-Atlantic Ocean, and a little over 3 hours flight from London, Paris or Copenhagen.", "Geography. Iceland is an island in the Atlantic Ocean, located near the Arctic Circle, between Greenland and Norway. An island of 103.000 km 2 (40,000 square miles), it is about the same size as Hungary and Portugal, or Kentucky and Virginia. Iceland is the second largest island in Europe, following Great Britain, and the 18th largest island in the world. The coastline is 4,970 km, and Iceland maintains a 200 nautical-miles exclusive economic zone. It takes approximately five hours to fly from New York to Reykjavik, reykjavík and three hours From. london", "Confidence votes 40. Iceland is an island entirely in the North Atlantic Ocean. The most northerly part of Iceland almost reaches the Arctic Ocean, which is separated from the Atlantic Ocean by the Arctic Circle. Atlantic Ocean.", "This makes Iceland one of the most geologically active places on Earth. Iceland is located east of Greenland in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean. Iceland is around 20 million years old, which is rather young geologically speaking. Some of the most active volcanoes in the world are located in Iceland. This is due to Iceland remaining situated on a hotspot. A hotspot is an area under the crust that is relatively hot that receives energy from a thermal plume. Historical volcanism in Iceland provides more information on Iceland's volcanoes and their past eruptions. A detailed map of Iceland lying in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean.", "A small volcanic island located between the Greenland Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean in the Arctic, Iceland is the westernmost European country. ", "Sea ice around Iceland. Ice in the ocean around Iceland has mostly arrived from afar. It comes here from the Denmark strait, which connects the Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean, between Iceland and Greenland. This great cold current transports a lot of ice southwards, both sea ice which is formed in sea water and ice bergs which break off from the glacier of Greenland. Late winter the ice can cover fishing grounds northwest of Iceland.", "Iceland (/ˈaɪslaend/ ; ˈaɪslænd: Ísland [island]) ísland ˈistlant Is a nordic island country Between The north atlantic And The. Arctic ocean it has a 329,100 of 329100 and an 103,000 of 103000 (40,000 2 40000), sq mi making it the most sparsely populated Country. In europe the capital and largest City. is reykjavik reykjavík Iceland is located at the juncture of the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans. The main island is entirely south of the Arctic Circle, which passes through the small Icelandic island of Grimsey grímsey off the main'island s northern. coast" ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_Sea", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland", "http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/europe/is.htm", "http://www.iceland.is/the-big-picture/nature-environment/geography/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Iceland_is_surrounded_by_which_ocean", "http://academic.emporia.edu/aberjame/student/brown3/iceland.htm", "http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/economies/Europe/Iceland.html", "http://en.vedur.is/sea-ice/sea", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" ] }

[]

[ "calcium carbonate" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Lime water most commonly known as Calcium hydroxide solution.It is sparingly soluble in water.It uses as 'lime wash' or 'water wash'. It is made up of two elements which are 'quick lime' and water,through following reaction:", "No. Quicklime is calcium oxide a compound with the formula CaO. Lime water is calcium hydroxide or Ca(OH)2 dissolved in water, producing a very basic solution. Lime, will … form lime water if it is dissolved in water though. Dry calcium hydroxide is known as slaked lime.", "Aragonite and calcite are two minerals formed from calcium carbonate (CaCO. Lime (calcium oxide) is produced by heating limestone or seashells (calcium carbonate). The chemistry of calcium carbonate is similar to that of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate except that calcium carbonate is not soluble in water.", "Adding lime to your garden, lawn or soil. Lime and liming. Lime is strictly defined as a white caustic alkaline substance—quicklime; chemically, calcium oxide (CaO); made by heating chalk or limestone. But in gardening, lime means any calcium-containing material which is capable of correcting soil acidity.", "Lime is ambiguous: Lime as fruit is not a compound but Lime as inorganic mineral is Calcium hydroxide, meaning that it is constituted of three elements: calcium hydrogen and o … xygen.", "Another name for calcium oxide is quicklime. When lime is added to water in a process called slaking, calcium oxide is converted to calcium hydroxide, or slaked lime.. (II) CaO(s) + H. While limestone is insoluble in water, slaked lime is marginally soluble in water." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_elements_does_lime_water_contain", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_elements_does_lime_water_contain", "http://cavemanchemistry.com/oldcave/projects/lime/", "http://www.backyardgardener.com/gardening/addlime.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_elements_does_lime_water_contain", "http://cavemanchemistry.com/oldcave/projects/lime/" ] }

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[ "15 or 16 for girls and 16 or 17 for boys." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Report Abuse. If you're talking about a nose job for cosmetic reasons, most doctors will require you be at least sixteen years old, with your parents' consent. Otherwise, you will wait until you're 18. However, if you need rhinoplasty for medical reasons, then it can be done at any age. If you are a minor, then a parent has to sign their consent. You'll have to find a doctor willing to do the procedure on a minor, however. This won't be difficult in the case of an older teenager, but younger than that and doctors will have more concerns.", "A 12 year old can get a nose job if its a medical condition and is prescribed by a doctor. Otherwise surgeons won't do it until you are 15 or 16 for girls and 16 or 17 f … or boys. If you do a surgery really early then your nose will grow back or maybe be even worse than before. You should wait until you are 18. ", "The nose has to be fully developed for a teenager to get a surgery. If the teenager gets a rhinoplasty at too young of an age then the nose can grow disproportional to how it was reshaped. Apart from the physical aspect of a nose job, the 15 and 16 year old is more mature than a 13 year old. Some doctors will go as early as 14 for boys and 13 for girls, but it's not recommended. You should make the decision of plastic surgery on logic and not purely emotion", "Before getting a nose job, teens and their parents or guardians should talk extensively with the surgeon and weigh all of the risks and benefits. Honest communication between you, your parents, and the surgeon is very important to the success of the operation. ", "Report Abuse. I think you have to be at least 16 with parental consent, because you're mostly done growing by then. Or 18 without parental consent. When you get it the first week you will have to wear a cast/splint and the second your doctor might tape your nose. You will have bruising and swelling the first week but it depends on how much", "Best Answer: You don't have to be a certain age; many teenagers have this procedure. The cost of the nose job depends on whether it is septoplasty (medical problem) or rhinoplasty (purely for appearance). With septoplasty, you will get a significant rebate from Medicare. With rhinoplasty, expect to pay around $7500 plus anethetist costs (approximately $400). Your GP should be able to recommend a cosmetic surgeon, but even so, you should do your homework and make sure that they are fully qualified.", "A 12 year old can get a nose job if its a medical condition and is prescribed by a doctor. Otherwise surgeons won't do it until you are 15 or 16 for girls and 16 or 17 f … or boys. If you do a surgery really early then your nose will grow back or maybe be even worse than before. You should wait until you are 18. ", "If you get one before you have stopped growing for cosmetic reasons alone, you will end up needing another one eventually. My daughter broke her nose in a fall when she was three years old. she will eventually need a nose job so to speak, simply for cosmetic reasons. If you are a minor, then a parent has to sign their consent. You'll have to find a doctor willing to do the procedure on a minor, however. This won't be difficult in the case of an older teenager, but younger than that and doctors will have more concerns.", "how old do you have to be to get a nose job? Nose job cannot be performed until the nose is fully developed usually between 15 and 16 years of age. Dr Simoni believes that a teenager must be the one to desire nose job. Psychological maturity is a must. A teenager needs to understand the nose surgery involves recovery time, discomfort, swelling and a less than pleasing appearance for sometime following nose surgery. It is important that the teenager should have support in their decision to proceed with nose surgery." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100815083800AAETSa4", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_old_do_you_have_to_be_to_get_a_nose_job_if_you_have_a_broken_nose", "http://plasticsurgerystar.com/forum/how-old-do-you-have-to-be-to-get-a-nose-job", "http://www.webmd.com/beauty/nose-job/rhinoplasty-teens", "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20120505034455AAnZRLF", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080220022019AAEWD23", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_old_do_you_have_to_be_to_get_a_nose_job", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100815083800AAETSa4", "http://www.drsimoni.com/how-old-nosejob.htm" ] }

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[ "سر قبیلی صلیب " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "patriarchy. n, pl-chies. 1. (Sociology) a form of social organization in which a male is the head of the family and descent, kinship, and title are traced through the male line. 2. (Sociology) any society governed by such a system. (ˈpeɪ triˌɑr ki). n., pl.", "You have searched the English word Patriarchal meaning in Urdu سر قبیلی صلیب . Patriarchal meaning has been search 833 (eight hundred and thirty-three) times till 9/29/2015. You can also find Patriarchal meaning and Translation in Urdu, Arabic, Hindi, Spanish, French and other languages. English to Urdu.", "You have searched the English word Patriarchy meaning in Urdu بدر شاہی حکومت . Patriarchy meaning has been search 6873 (six thousand eight hundred and seventy-three) times till 10/5/2015. You can also find Patriarchy meaning and Translation in Urdu, Arabic, Hindi, Spanish, French and other languages. English to Urdu.", "1. a. a form of social organization in which the father is the head of the family, clan, or tribe and descent is reckoned in the male line. b. a society based on this social organization. 2. a. an institution or organization in which power is held by and transferred through males.", "Radical feminism is a philosophy emphasizing the patriarchal roots of inequality between men and women, or, more specifically, social dominance of women by men. Radical feminism views patriarchy as dividing rights, privileges and power primarily by gender, and as a result oppressing women and privileging men." ], "url": [ "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/patriarchy", "http://hamariweb.com/dictionaries/urdu-english-dictionary.aspx?eu=patriarchal", "http://www.hamariweb.com/dictionaries/patriarchy_urdu-meanings.aspx", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/patriarchy", "http://womenshistory.about.com/od/feminism/g/radicalfeminism.htm" ] }

[]

[ "$21,840 to $1,560,000" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Deloitte average salary is $69,592, median salary is $62,090 with a salary range from $21,840 to $1,560,000. Deloitte salaries are collected from government agencies and companies. Each salary is associated with a real job position. Deloitte salary statistics is not exclusive and is for reference only.", "The data includes salaries from many Deloitte divisions – including Deloitte Tax LLP and Deloitte Consulting LLP, as well as Deloitte & Touche, the firm’s auditing arm.", "Deloitte Consulting Salary. Deloitte Consulting average salary is $92,041, median salary is $86,000 with a salary range from $36,000 to $1,060,000. Deloitte Consulting salaries are collected from government agencies and companies.", "Deloitte Salary. Deloitte average salary is $69,592, median salary is $62,090 with a salary range from $21,840 to $1,560,000. Deloitte salaries are collected from government agencies and companies. Each salary is associated with a real job position. Deloitte salary statistics is not exclusive and is for reference only." ], "url": [ "http://www.salarylist.com/company/Deloitte-Salary.htm", "http://fusion.net/story/31227/sony-pictures-hack-spreads-to-deloitte-thousands-of-audit-firms-salaries-are-leaked/", "http://www.salarylist.com/company/Deloitte-Consulting-Salary.htm", "http://www.salarylist.com/company/Deloitte-Salary.htm" ] }

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[ "Iceni, Silures, Catuvellauni, Trinovvantes, and Brigantes.", "The early settlers of Britain were called by their tribal names. Some of them were the Iceni, the Silures, the Catuvellauni, the Trinovvantes, and the Brigantes." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The island of Britain was first called Samothea, until Albion came and re-named it after himself. When Albion was defeated, it did not revert to Samothea, but retained the name of Albion, until Brutus arrived and called it Britain. Holinshed's Chronicle (1) is a large six-volume work, written during the Tudor period. It contains a comprehensive history of England, Scotland and Ireland, from the earliest times to shortly before the publication date (first edition 1578, second edition in 1587).", "History. Until 1707, this section deals primarily with English history. England and Wales were formally united in 1536. In 1707, when Great Britain was created by the Act of Union between Scotland and England, English history became part of British history. For the early history of Scotland and Wales, see separate articles", "The Celts were a European cultural group first evident in the 7th or 8th century B.C. The Romans called them Galli and the Greeks called them Keltoi-- both meaning barbarians. Their maximum expansion was in the 3rd to 5th century B.C., when they occupied much of Europe north of the Alps (see maps). ", "For the purposes of this article, Prehistoric Britain is Britain during the period between the first arrival of humans on the land mass now known as Great Britain and the start of recorded British history. Although the first had been built about 1500 BC, hillfort building peaked during the later Iron Age. There are over 2000 Iron Age hillforts known in Britain. By about 350 BC many hillforts went out of use and the remaining ones were reinforced. Pytheas was quoted as writing that the Britons were renowned wheat farmers.", "The construction of the earliest earthwork sites in Britain began during the early Neolithic (c. 4400 BC – 3300 BC) in the form of long barrows used for communal burial and the first causewayed enclosures, sites which have parallels on the continent. Although the first had been built about 1500 BC, hillfort building peaked during the later Iron Age. There are over 2000 Iron Age hillforts known in Britain. By about 350 BC many hillforts went out of use and the remaining ones were reinforced. Pytheas was quoted as writing that the Britons were renowned wheat farmers.", "The early settlers of Britain were called by their tribal names. Some of them were the Iceni, the Silures, the Catuvellauni, the Trinovvantes, and the Brigantes. Romans called Britain Albion, because when they were sailing to Britain they saw the White Cliffs of Dover and they thought that the land behind these cliffs is … white too. 8 people found this useful.", "The Britons were an ancient Celtic people who lived on Great Britain from the Iron Age through the Roman and Sub-Roman periods. They spoke a language that is now known as Common Brittonic. The earliest evidence of the existence of the Britons and their language in historical sources dates to the Iron Age. After the Roman conquest of Britain in the 1st century, a Romano-British culture emerged, and Latin and British Vulgar Latin coexisted with Brittonic. During and after the Roman era, the Britons lived throughout Britain south of the Firth of Forth. Their relationship with the Picts, who lived north of the Firth of Forth, has been the subject of much discussion, though most scholars accept that the Pictish language was related to", "The early Christians were called by different names. 1 Christians-- and when he had found him, he brought him to Antioch. 2 And for an entire year they met with the church and taught considerable numbers; and the disciples were first called Christians in Antioch, (Acts 11:26). 1 Christians-- and when he had found him, he brought him to Antioch. 2 And for an entire year they met with the church and taught considerable numbers; and the disciples were first called Christians in Antioch, (Acts 11:26).", "First peoples. The first 'Britons' were an ethnically mixed group © From the arrival of the first modern humans-who were hunter-gatherers, following the retreating ice of the Ice Age northwards-to the beginning of recorded history is a period of about 100 centuries, or 400 generations. Simon James asks just who were the Britons-and did the Celts ever really exist? Uncover the fascinating ethnic and cultural history of the peoples of Briton, and assess the impact of the many invaders of Britain's shores." ], "url": [ "http://www.annomundi.com/history/samotheans.htm", "http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/world/great-britain-history.html", "http://www.shoreline.edu/faculty/rody/archives/celts/outline2.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistoric_Britain", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistoric_Britain", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_were_the_Early_settlers_of_Britain_before_the_Romans_called", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britons_%28historical%29", "https://carm.org/early-christians-called", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/british_prehistory/peoples_01.shtml" ] }

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[ "There are still many objects with similar size and mass to Pluto jostling around in its orbit And it crashes into many of them and gains mass, it will remain a dwarf planet." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Even though Pluto is a dwarf planet, and no longer officially a planet, it'll still be a fascinating target for study. And that's why NASA has sent their New Horizons spacecraft off to visit it. New Horizons will reach Pluto in July 2015, and it will capture the first closeup images of the (dwarf) planet's surface.", "A planet is a celestial body that (a) is in orbit around the Sun, (b) has sufficient mass for its self-gravity to overcome rigid body forces so that it assumes a hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round) shape, and (c) has cleared the neighbourhood [sic] around its orbit [ref].", "Any object that doesn’t meet this 3rd criteria is considered a dwarf planet. And so, Pluto is a dwarf planet. There are still many objects with similar size and mass to Pluto jostling around in its orbit. And until Pluto crashes into many of them and gains mass, it will remain a dwarf planet. Eris suffers from the same problem.", "Pluto is not a planet because it doesn't meet the necessary requirements needed to be a planet. The requirements are: It needs to be in orbit around the sun --Yes, Pluto does orbit the sun. It needs to have enough gravity to pull itself into a spherical shape -- Pluto has sufficient gravity to have become spherical.", "Since its discovery in 1930, Pluto has been a bit of a puzzle: 1 It's smaller than any other planet -- even smaller than Earth 's moon. 2 It's dense and rocky, like the terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars). 3 However, its nearest neighbors are the gaseous Jovian planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune).", "Even though Pluto is a dwarf planet, and no longer officially a planet, it’ll still be a fascinating target for study. And that’s why NASA has sent their New Horizons spacecraft off to visit it. New Horizons will reach Pluto in July 2015, and capture the first close-up images of the (dwarf) planet’s surface.", "(2) A dwarf planet is a celestial body that (a) is in orbit around the sun, (b) has sufficient mass for its self-gravity to overcome rigid body forces so that it assumes a hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round) shape [2], (c) has not cleared the neighborhood around its orbit, and (d) is not a satellite.", "Pluto, a celestial snowball with a surface of methane ice 3.6 billion miles from the sun, might be making its way back into the solar system fraternity. First discovered and classified as planet in 1930, Pluto was relegated to dwarf-planet status by the International Astronomical Union in 2006.", "Since its discovery in 1930, Pluto has been a bit of a puzzle: 1 It's smaller than any other planet -- even smaller than Earth 's moon. 2 It's dense and rocky, like the terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars). 3 Pluto's orbit is erratic. 4 One of its moons, Charon, is about half Pluto's size." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_is_Pluto_not_a_planet", "http://science.howstuffworks.com/pluto-planet.htm", "http://www.universetoday.com/13573/why-pluto-is-no-longer-a-planet/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_is_Pluto_not_a_planet", "http://science.howstuffworks.com/pluto-planet.htm", "http://www.universetoday.com/13573/why-pluto-is-no-longer-a-planet/", "http://www.space.com/29571-why-pluto-is-a-planet-and-eris-is-too.html", "http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2014/10/02/pluto-planet-solar-system/16578959/", "http://science.howstuffworks.com/pluto-planet.htm" ] }

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[ "Gonococcus." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The scientific name for gonorrhea is gonococcus. Neisseria gonorrheae is the scientific name, its caused by a virus called", "The genus is the first part of a scientific name. Note that the genus is always capitalised. An example: Lemur catta is the scientific name of the Ringtailed lemur and Lemur … is the genus. Another example: Sphyrna zygaena is the scientific name of one species of Hammerhead shark and Sphyrna", "Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) that can infect both men and women. It can cause infections in the genitals, rectum, and throat. It is a very common infection, especially among young people ages 15-24 years.", "Men: Genital itching, painful urination, painful or swollen testicles, discharge from the penis, inflamed rectum, sore and red throat, inflamed eyelids.5. Women: Inflamed rectum, painful urination, vaginal discharge, back and abdominal pain, painful intercourse, bleeding between cycles, nausea or fever.5.", "Gonorrhea, also known as gonnococcal infection, gonococcal urethritis, gonorrhoea and the clap, is a sexually transmitted infection that is caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The usual symptoms in men are a burning sensation with urination and discharge from the penis.", "Gonorrhea: A bacterial infection that is transmitted by sexual contact. Gonorrhea is one of the oldest known sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and it is caused by the Neisseria gonorrhoeae bacteria. Men with gonorrhea may have a yellowish discharge from the penis accompanied by itching and burning.", "Gonorrhea is generally passed through sexual contact of an infected penis or vagina, although it can be passed anally or by mouth. Gonorrhea is a bacterium that grows in warm moist areas of the body, such as the vagina, and reproductive tract of a female (cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes).", "Men have symptoms of burning during urination, white/yellow/green discharge from the penis, or swollen testicles. Women and men can suffer from discharge of the anus, itching, soreness, bleeding, and painful bowel movements. Also, Gonorrhea can get into the throat and cause a sore throat, but usually is asymptomatic." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_scientific_name_for_gonorrhea", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_scientific_name_for_gonorrhea", "http://www.cdc.gov/std/Gonorrhea/STDFact-gonorrhea.htm", "http://www.austincc.edu/microbio/2704q/chlam.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonorrhea", "http://www.medicinenet.com/image-collection/the_clap_gonorrhea_picture/picture.htm", "http://www.austincc.edu/microbio/2993q/ng.htm", "http://www.austincc.edu/microbio/2993q/ng.htm" ] }

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[ "The interglandular tissue is increased in quantity, and is crowded with large round, oval, or polygonal cells, termed decidual cells.", "The interglandular tissue is also increased in quantity, and is crowded with large round, oval, or polygonal cells, termed decidual cells." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "somatic cell, vegetative cell-any of the cells of a plant or animal except the reproductive cells; a cell that does not participate in the production of gametes; somatic cells are produced from preexisting cells; blastema-a mass of undifferentiated cells from which an organ or body part develops. microscopic structure containing nuclear and cytoplasmic material enclosed by a semipermeable membrane and, in plants, a cell wall; the basic structural unit of all organisms. 4. a small group acting as a unit within a larger organization: a local cell of a political party.", "Decidua is the term for the uterine lining (endometrium) during a pregnancy, which forms the maternal part of the placenta. It is formed under the influence of estrogen and forms highly characteristic cells. After ovulation, in mammals, the endometrial lining becomes transformed into a secretory lining in preparation of accepting the embryo. Without implantation, the secretory lining will be absorbed (estrous cycle) or shed (menstrual cycle).", "alveolar cell pneumonocyte; any cell of the walls of the pulmonary alveoli; often restricted to the cells of the alveolar epithelium (squamous alveolar cells and great alveolar cells) and alveolar phagocytes. Unlike prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells have many of their intracellular functions organized within structures called organelles. Some organelles -- notably, the nucleus, which contains the DNA -- are enclosed by intracellular membranes.", "Its leukocyte population is distinct, with the presence of large endometrial granular leukocytes being predominant, while polynuclear leukocytes and B cell s are scant. The large granular lymphocytes (CD56 bright) are called uterine NK cells or uNK cells in mice, and decidual NK cells or dNK cells in humans. After ovulation, in mammals, the endometrial lining becomes transformed into a secretory lining in preparation of accepting the embryo. Without implantation, the secretory lining will be absorbed (estrous cycle) or shed (menstrual cycle).", "The decidua, composed of large pale pink cells, is seen here, along with some tortuous large endometrial glands at the left. The placenta normally implants into the lateral uterine fundus and is supported by a layer of decidualized endometrium. ", "The interglandular tissue is also increased in quantity, and is crowded with large round, oval, or polygonal cells, termed decidual cells. Their enlargement is due to glycogen and lipid accumulation in the cytoplasm allowing these cells to provide a rich source of nutrition for the developing embryo. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Before the fertilized ovum reaches the uterus, the mucous membrane of the body of the uterus undergoes important changes and is then known as the decidua.", "An epithelial cell that secretes a watery fluid containing proteins, glycoproteins, and often antibodies (IgA, IgG, and IgM). Serous cells and mucous cells are the two varieties of secretory cells found in exocrine glands. Unlike prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells have many of their intracellular functions organized within structures called organelles. Some organelles -- notably, the nucleus, which contains the DNA -- are enclosed by intracellular membranes.", "in biology, the unit of structure and function of which all plants and animals are composed. The cell is the smallest unit in the living organism that is capable of integrating the essential life processes. Plant cells. Plant cells are distinguished from other eukaryotic cells by various features. Outside their plasma membrane, plant cells have an extremely rigid cell wall. This cell wall is composed of cellulose and other polymers and is distinct in composition from the cell walls found in fungi or bacterial cells.", "The cell isolates were prepared either by collagenase digestion or mechanically from first-trimester decidual tissue. The decidual DCs comprised approximately 1.7% of CD45+ cells in the isolates and had the phenotype of immature myeloid DCs. No CD1a+ Langerhans cells or CD123+ plasmacytoid DCs were detected. The decidual DCs were DC-SIGN-, DEC-205+, CD40+. Cells with dendritic processes were found scattered through both the decidua basalis (in which trophoblast cells are infiltrating) and the decidua parietalis. They were also visible in endothelial-lined spaces. This is the first study to identify and describe the phenotype and distribution of human decidual DCs." ], "url": [ "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Decidual+cells", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decidua", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Decidual+cells", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decidua", "http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/PLACHTML/PLAC094.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decidual_cells", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Decidual+cells", "http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Decidual+cells", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12826583" ] }

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[ "(12L +j)/j. Add the two numbers that you get, and this is the approximate number of screws you will need for the entire deck" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Estimating Wood and Screws for the Deck Surface. If the width of the boards is a inches and the spacing between them is b inches, then the total length of board needed to surface the top part of the deck is. L(12W + b)/(a + b). (feet). If your value for b = 0, then the formula is simply. 12LW/a (feet). ", "To get the square footage, all you need to do is multiply the length of the room in feet by the width of the room in feet. For example, a 16 foot long by 14 foot wide room has a square footage of 224. So we will multiply 224 by 15 and we get 3,360 lumens. List of the required lumens per sq foot based on the room type: ", "Use the instructions below to help you find the measurements. 1. Measure both the lengths and the heights of the deck that you want to cover. If the area is irregular, fit that area in a rectangle and measure that rectangle for its length and height. Then add the amount into the calculator. 2. ", "2[(12W + d)/(x + d)][(12L + j)/j], and compute the number of screws needed for the frame of the deck with the formula. 4(12L +j)/j. Add the two numbers that you get, and this is the approximate number of screws you will need for the entire deck. You may want to factor in an extra 3%. Next, use the following equation to calculate the total length of deck boards needed to construct the top of the deck, L(12W-x)/(x + d) + L. You can use the simplified form, (12WL + dL)/(x + d). Add up the two numbers found in Steps 3 and 4, and this is the total length of board needed to construct the deck.", "Convert the actual width of the deck board to a decimal and add 0.13 for the 1/8-inch spacing required between the boards. Divide the result by 12 for the decimal portion of one foot. For example, the decimal portion of a foot for a 5 ½-inch deck board with 1/8-inch spacing is 5.63 divided by 12 which is 0.47. Divide the square footage of the deck by the square feet each deck board will cover. In the example above, each deck board will cover 3.8 feet. If a deck is 484 square feet, round the result of 127.4 up to 128 deck boards.", "When planning cost and materials, calculate the number of deck boards required to complete the deck without running out or having a lot left over. The square footage of a deck also plays a role in planning your materials cost for the type of material used for the deck. Divide the square footage of the deck by the square feet each deck board will cover. In the example above, each deck board will cover 3.8 feet. If a deck is 484 square feet, round the result of 127.4 up to 128 deck boards.", "You will require 32 rows of decking boards. Next you need to work out the total lineal metres you will require. Multiply the “number of rows” amount by the length of your deck – again ensuring you allow for the fascia and the overhangs on both sides of the deck. I suggest and recommend allowing 10% for waste. The finial calculation is as follows: “Number of decking board rows” x “length of deck in metres” x “1.1″ (multiplying by 1.1 automatically adds on the 10% waste) = total lineal metres. Using the previous example your calculation would be: 32 x 5 x 1.1 = 176 lineal metres.", "Overview. When planning cost and materials, calculate the number of deck boards required to complete the deck without running out or having a lot left over. The square footage of a deck also plays a role in planning your materials cost for the type of material used for the deck. Step 4. Convert the actual width of the deck board to a decimal and add 0.13 for the 1/8-inch spacing required between the boards. Divide the result by 12 for the decimal portion of one foot. For example, the decimal portion of a foot for a 5 ½-inch deck board with 1/8-inch spacing is 5.63 divided by 12 which is 0.47.", "Multiply the number of joists needed along its length you calculated first by the number of joists needed to make a full length joist along the width of the floor and that will be the total amount of joists needed. On the outside edge along the floors length you will need 2″ X 10″ etc.. " ], "url": [ "http://www.had2know.com/househome/deck-materials-estimate-calculator.html", "http://blog.lightingbylux.com/2014/05/how-to-calculate-lumens-required-for-any-room/", "http://www.calculatorpro.com/calculator/deck-stain-calculator/", "http://www.ehow.com/how_5803526_calculate-materials-needed-_construction-math_.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how_6520272_calculate-deck-boards.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how_6520272_calculate-deck-boards.html", "http://www.howtodecks.com.au/how-to-calculate-decking-board-quantities/", "http://www.gardenguides.com/134411-calculate-deck-boards.html", "http://howtobuildplans.com/?p=26" ] }

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[ "about 2 to 3 months" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "If you're still breastfeeding day and night, it can be up to a year before you have a period. If you're lucky enough to have a baby who sleeps through the night from an early age, your periods will probably return sooner. Your periods could start within three months to eight months.", "Answer by lauryn (194). The length of time it takes a women to get her period after giving birth varies from women to women. For many women it can take about 2 to 3 months before your period returns to normal. If you are nursing than this time frame will last even longer. It could take about 6 months on average.", "If you're not breastfeeding, your period may start again in 6 to 8 weeks after giving birth. If you are breastfeeding, you may not start again for months. Some women don’t have a period again until they stop breastfeeding. It’s possible that you may ovulate (release an egg) before you get your period again.", "If you are breast feeding you may not have a period until after you have finished breast feeding and your milk has dried up.If you aren't breast feeding then depending on how quickly your hormone levels return to normal usually 2-6 months It took me about 6 weeks.", "There's always the chance that you'll get pregnant even before your periods have started again. If you're formula-feeding your baby, you may start your periods again any time between five weeks and three months after giving birth. So you could be fertile just three weeks after having your baby. Learn more about contraception after having a baby. 1 your periods haven't returned properly yet." ], "url": [ "http://www.babycentre.co.uk/x553493/when-will-my-periods-start-after-ive-had-my-baby", "http://snippets.com/how-soon-after-giving-birth-will-i-get-my-period.htm", "http://www.marchofdimes.org/pregnancy/your-body-after-baby-the-first-6-weeks.aspx", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_it_take_to_get_a_period_after_childbirth", "http://www.babycentre.co.uk/x553493/when-will-my-periods-start-after-ive-had-my-baby" ] }

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[ "Therapy" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "treatment. 1. the management and care of a patient; see also care. 2. the combating of a disease or disorder; called also therapy. Schematic of the treatment planning process using occupational therapy as an example. From Pedretti and Early, 2001.", "The thesaurus of synonyms and related words is fully integrated into the dictionary. Click on the thesaurus category heading under the button in an entry to see the synonyms and related words for that meaning.", "Relevance ranks synonyms and suggests the best matches based on how closely a synonym’s sense matches the sense you selected.", "treatment. n. 1. (Medicine) the application of medicines, surgery, psychotherapy, etc, to a patient or to a disease or symptom. 2. the manner of handling or dealing with a person or thing, as in a literary or artistic work.", "1 An example of treatment is when you are given antibiotics for your illness. 2 act, manner, method, etc. of treating, or dealing with, a person, thing, subject in art or literature, etc.", "noun. Treatment is the manner in which something or a disease is cared for or dealt with. 1 An example of treatment is when someone is cared for very well. 2 An example of treatment is when you are given antibiotics for your illness." ], "url": [ "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/treatment", "http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/treatment", "http://www.thesaurus.com/browse/treatment", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/treatment", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/treatment", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/treatment" ] }

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[ "They supervise and provide consultation to management on strategic staffing plans, compensation, benefits, training and development, budget, and labor relations." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Job Duties. HR directors are responsible for the smooth and profitable operation of a company’s human resources department. Typically, they supervise and provide consultation to management on strategic staffing plans, compensation, benefits, training and development, budget, and labor relations.", "They create employment training and organizational development programs. HR Director Job Responsibilities. 1 Providing the safety of the workforce. 2 Developing a superior and efficient workforce. 3 Developing and managing the Human Resource department.", "For this reason, a human resources manager must be well-versed in each of the human resources disciplines – compensation and benefits, training and development, employee relations, and recruitment and selection.", "Human Resources Manager Job Responsibilities: Maintains and enhances the organization's human resources by planning, implementing, and evaluating employee relations and human resources policies, programs, and practices.", "Rising through the ranks of the human resources field to the role of HR director is a solid career goal – and with the right combination of education and experience, it’s an achievable one. Knowledgeable in all aspects of human resources, the HR director can be a valued management position.", "Human Resources Director Job Description. This human resources director sample job description can assist in your creating a job application that will attract job candidates who are qualified for the job. Feel free to revise this job description to meet your specific job duties and job requirements.", "Daily tasks may vary, but a typical HR director supervises staff and reports to the chief executive officer on issues regarding implementation of policies and procedures, safety of the workforce, recruiting and hiring high-performing employees, and labor, legislative and other human resources issues." ], "url": [ "http://www.villanovau.com/resources/hr/hr-director-job-description/", "http://www.jobresponsibilities.org/hr-director-responsibilities.html", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/primary-responsibilities-human-resource-manager-10957.html", "http://hiring.monster.com/hr/hr-best-practices/recruiting-hiring-advice/job-descriptions/human-resources-manager-job-description-sample.aspx", "http://www.villanovau.com/resources/hr/hr-director-job-description/", "http://hiring.monster.com/hr/hr-best-practices/recruiting-hiring-advice/job-descriptions/human-resources-director-job-description.aspx", "http://www.villanovau.com/resources/hr/hr-director-job-description/" ] }

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[ "Pearl" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Spanish Meaning: The name Rita is a Spanish baby name. In Spanish the meaning of the name Rita is: Pearl. American Meaning: The name Rita is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Rita is: Pearl. Persian Meaning: The name Rita is a Persian baby name. In Persian the meaning of the name Rita is: Child of light. Famous Bearer: Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. Greek Meaning: The name Rita is a Greek baby name. In Greek the meaning of the name Rita is: Speaker. Can also be a Pearl.", "It is of Spanish and Greek origin, and the meaning of Rita is pearl. Short form of Margarita, from Margaret. Use in Hindi is from Sanskrit, meaning right. First used as an independent name a few hundred years ago. The Italian Saint Rita (15th century) has roses for her emblem. Actresses Rita Hayworth, Rita Moreno; authors Rita Mae Brown, Rita Dove.", "In Spanish, the name Rita means-from margareta. The name Rita originated as an Spanish name. The name Rita is most often used as a girl name or female name. Spanish Name Meaning-from margareta. Origin-Spain. Global Star Registery-Name a star after someone special!", "Additional information about the name Rita: Rita is a feminine name with two separate origins. It is used by Hindu parents and comes from a Sanskrit name meaning virtuous. However is has also been found for centuries throughout Europe as a pet form of Margarita, the Latin form of Margret." ], "url": [ "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/rita", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Rita", "http://www.meaning-of-names.com/spanish-names/rita.asp", "http://www.babynames.co.uk/meaning_origin_name_Rita.htm" ] }

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[ "To the heart." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Report Abuse. Arteries transport blood to the body, and Veins transport blood to the heart. Blood goes through the Left and Right Atrium's of the heart, into the pulmonary arteries, back into the right and left ventricles, and into the body. The process is continuously repeated. Veins go into the right side of the heart, to send de-oxygenated blood to the lungs. Arteries come out of the left side of the heart to pump oxygenated blood around the body.", "Report Abuse. Arteries carry oxygenated blood to the body, except for the pulmonary artery which carries de-oxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. Veins carry de-oxygenated blood to the heart, except for the pulmonary vein which carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart. Nicola P · 7 years ago. Thumbs up", "Best Answer: arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body veins carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart with the exception of the pulmonary artery which carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and the pulmonary vein that carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart. Veins carry de-oxygenated blood to the heart, except for the pulmonary vein which", "Arteries. The arteries (red) carry oxygen and nutrients away from your heart, to your body's tissues. The veins (blue) take oxygen-poor blood back to the heart. 1 Arteries begin with the aorta, the large artery leaving the heart. 2 They carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to all of the body's tissues. 3 They branch several times, becoming smaller and smaller as they carry blood further from the heart. 1 These are blood vessels that take oxygen-poor blood back to the heart. 2 Veins become larger and larger as they get closer to the heart. 3 The superior vena cava is the large vein that brings blood from the head and arms to the heart, and the inferior vena cava brings blood from the abdomen and legs in", "Location: The coronary system is comprised of arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules and veins. From the innumerable cardiac capillaries, blood flows back to the cardiac chambers through venules, which in turn coalesce into the cardiac veins. ", "In the circulatory system, veins (from the Latin vena) are blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart. Most veins carry deoxygenated blood from the tissues back to the heart; exceptions are the pulmonary and umbilical veins, both of which carry oxygenated blood to the heart. In contrast to veins, arteries carry blood away from the heart. Veins are less muscular than arteries and are often closer to the skin. There are valves in most veins to prevent backflow.", "The heart is a pumping system which takes in deoxygenated blood through the veins and delivers it to the lungs for oxygenation before pumping it into the various arteries (which provide oxygen and nutrients to body tissues by transporting the blood throughout the body). The right side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the systemic veins and pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation. The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it through the systemic arteries to the tissues of the body.", "Overview. Veins are blood vessels that carry blood from your body's tissues to your heart. Your heart pumps the blood to your lungs to pick up oxygen. The oxygen-rich blood then is pumped to your body through blood vessels called arteries. ", "The pulmonary veins carry relatively oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart. The superior and inferior venae cavae carry relatively deoxygenated blood from the upper and lower systemic circulations, respectively. The portal venous system is a series of veins or venules that directly connect two capillary beds. In contrast to veins, arteries carry blood away from the heart. Veins are less muscular than arteries and are often closer to the skin. There are valves in most veins to prevent backflow." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080225110936AA7eddt", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081216130321AAf7tHy", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081216130321AAf7tHy", "http://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/heart/heart-blood-vessels/how-does-blood-travel-through-body", "http://www.vhlab.umn.edu/atlas/cardiac-veins/index.shtml", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vein", "http://www.innerbody.com/image/cardov.html", "http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/vv/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vein" ] }

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[ "Made of natural wood." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Cage or aviary requirements for multiple budgies are a little different. Always buy a bird cage larger than you think you will need to prevent overcrowding. Crowded conditions can lead to several problems. Aggression is more likely to occur if the less dominant parakeets cannot escape from dominant parakeets. A minimum cage size is 24 by 24 inches with 1/4-inch bar spacing so the budgie cannot fit its head through the bars. Birds spend just about every minute of every day on their feet. Be sure to give your parakeet at least three perches, with at least one made of natural wood.", "Although sometimes difficult to understand, Budgies can also learn to mimic speech. Bird Cages 4 Less has a variety of small bird cages with 1/2” bar spacing just perfect for housing your Budgie or other small Parakeet. ", "Well there are some fairly basic rules to help you with your decision. Firstly you need to make sure the cage is safe for your pet. Then you can think about necessary features such as perches and feed containers. Ease of cleaning is important. And last but not least is how will it accommodate a few special toys. So read on to prepare for your cage buying expedition.", "Intro Edit. This wiki is about budgerigars and how best to raise them. For those of you unsure of what a budgie is, they are adorable little birds who make wonderful companions. They are small, colourful parakeets that are a popular pet around the world. Your bird should be fine on a diet of seed, millet and water, but for optimum nutrition, you should in troduce some kinds of fruit and vegetables, and give them a cuttlebone to eat and sharpen their beaks on (this provides them with calcium). Seeds are high in fat, so they shouldn't take up the whole of a bird's diet.", "Ample perch space, again, guarantees each parakeet its own space. If the plan is for one large community cage, a couple of smaller cages are necessary for emergencies and to house a troublemaking budgie or two. Your parakeet needs a cage that is at least 24 inches by 24 inches. Measure the area where your parakeet will reside to get an idea of the size of cage the area will accommodate. This will keep you bringing home a bird cage only to find that it is too large for the space — or that you could have purchased a larger cage. A minimum cage size is 24 by 24 inches with 1/4-inch bar spacing so the budgie cannot fit its head through the bars. Birds spend just about every minute of every day on their feet. Be sure to give your parakeet at least three perches, with at least one made of natural wood.", "In some countries, it is illegal to house a pet bird in a cage that does not permit it to spread its wings. Wingspans of common pet birds range from approximately 30 cm (12 in) for a budgie and 41 cm (16 in) for a cockatiel up to as much as 91–122 cm (36–48 in) for the larger macaws. Good quality cages designed for pet birds are more suitable. Most parrot cages are made or wrought iron and painted with a non-toxic paint referred to as powder-coating. However, the newest trend in the market is cages made of solid stainless steel.", "4) What type of bird cage should I get for my pet budgie? Pet budgies are quite active, so your budgie needs a spacious bird cage. Opt for a bird cage that is at least 24 inches wide by 24 inches tall with ½- to 1-inch bar spacing. Look for bird cages that are easy to clean and maintain, (e.g. the cage has a pull-out tray, food and water dishes that are accessible from outside the pet bird cage).", "A birdcage (or bird cage) is a cage designed to house birds as pets. Antique (or antique-style) birdcages are often popular as collectors' items or as household decor but most are not suitable for housing live birds, being too small, or of unsafe materials or construction. Good quality cages designed for pet birds are more suitable. Most parrot cages are made or wrought iron and painted with a non-toxic paint referred to as powder-coating. However, the newest trend in the market is cages made of solid stainless steel.", "The standard minimum cage size recommended by bird professionals is 12- by 18- by 18-inches for a single bird. This cage size is fine if your budgie is outside of the cage most of the time, but if you have a cage-confined budgie, it's going to be much too small to keep your bird happy and healthy. For two budgies, 39- by 20- by 32-inches is a recommended size. Your budgie's cage needs to be large enough that your little guy can spread his wings out completely without hitting the sides of the cage, toys or perches. This is the absolute minimum width and length." ], "url": [ "http://www.birdchannel.com/parakeets-budgies/bird-cages-for-budgies.aspx", "http://birdcages4less.com/page/B/CTGY/Parakeet-Budgie-Bird-Cages", "http://www.budgie-info.com/budgie-cages.html", "http://budgielove.wikia.com/wiki/Budgies_Wiki", "http://www.birdchannel.com/parakeets-budgies/bird-cages-for-budgies.aspx", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birdcage", "http://www.birdchannel.com/bird-species/find-the-right-bird/pet-budgie-faq.aspx", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birdcage", "http://pets.thenest.com/size-requirements-budgie-cages-7573.html" ] }

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[ "Butane is a flammable hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C 4 H 10. It is a natural gas perhaps best known for its use as a fuel for refillable and disposable lighters." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Butane is a gaseous compound that is composed of four carbon atoms. It can either be found as the isomer n-butane or in the form of methylpropane or isobutane. This compound has no color and is highly flammable. It also liquefies easily. Butane is also classified as a natural gas and this simply means that it can be sourced through extraction of fossils. By means of liquefaction, this colorless and flammable compound can be sourced or extracted.", "N-Butane. N-Butane, also known as Normal Butane, is a flammable, colorless, mostly nontoxic gas with a natural gas odor. Exposure to 1% of Butane for an interval of 10 minutes will result in a drowsiness feeling, but no other systemic effects. Butane cannot be detected by odor below 0.5% concentration levels. It may cause frostbite if the gas comes in contact with the skin. For more information visit our MSDS database", "Temperature, pressure, and the concentration of the oxidizer also influences flammability limits. Higher temperature or pressure, as well as higher concentration of the oxidizer (primarily oxygen in air), results in lower LFL and higher UFL, hence the gas mixture will be easier to explode. Lower explosive limit (LEL): The lowest concentration (percentage) of a gas or a vapor in air capable of producing a flash of fire in presence of an ignition source (arc, flame, heat). The term is considered by many safety professionals to be the same as the lower flammable limit (LFL).", "Butane is a flammable hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C 4 H 10. It is a natural gas perhaps best known for its use as a fuel for refillable and disposable lighters. Butane's uses can be observed in many sectors of life. It is a reliable source of energy, and can be obtained through the processing of natural gas. Butane serves as fuel for both the disposable and refillable lighter. Butane is used in this item for its high flammability and its low cost to produce. The butane torch is another item that takes advantage of its flammable properties.", "Butane is also used as lighter fuel for a common lighter or butane torch and is sold bottled as a fuel for cooking and camping. In this form it is often mixed with small amounts of hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans which will give the unburned gas an offensive smell easily detected by the human nose. The term may refer to either of two structural isomers, n-butane or isobutane (or methylpropane), or to a mixture of these isomers. In the IUPAC nomenclature, however, butane refers only to the n-butane isomer (which is the isomer with the unbranched structure).", "Butane is a hydrocarbon with a formula of C 4 H 10, which means it contains 4 carbon atoms and 10 hydrogen atoms. This gas is considered an alkane, which means it is a member of the alkanine series, a grouping of . . Butane serves as fuel for both the disposable and refillable lighter. Butane is used in this item for its high flammability and its low cost to produce. The butane torch is another item that takes advantage of its flammable properties.", "When blended with propane and other hydrocarbons, it is referred to commercially as LPG, for liquified petroleum gas. It is used as a petrol component, as a feedstock for the production of base petrochemicals in steam cracking, as fuel for cigarette lighters and as a propellant in aerosol sprays such as deodorants. In addition, butane acts as a blending agent for gasoline at varying levels throughout the year.", "Normal butane is mainly used for gasoline blending, as a fuel gas, either alone or in a mixture with propane, and as a feedstock for the manufacture of ethylene and butadiene, … a key ingredient of synthetic rubber. Isobutane is primarily used by refineries to enhance the octane content of motor gasoline. When blended with propane and other hydrocarbons, it is referred to commercially as LPG, for liquified petroleum gas. It is used as a petrol component, as a feedstock for the production of base petrochemicals in steam cracking, as fuel for cigarette lighters and as a propellant in aerosol sprays such as deodorants." ], "url": [ "http://www.qwhatis.com/what-is-butane/", "http://www.praxairdirect.com/Specialty-Gas-Information-Center/Pure-Gas-Specifications/N-Butane.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flammability_limit", "http://www.creationwiki.org/Butane", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butane", "http://www.creationwiki.org/Butane", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_is_butane_flammable", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Is_butane_flammable" ] }

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[ "The haemoglobin of the red blood cells." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Best Answer: As you breath the oxygen in from the air it is transported round the body by the red blood cells. The cells are full of a compound called HAEMOGLOBIN, which has a strong affinity to oxygen. ", "While carbon dioxide is a metabolic waste product, it plays some important physiological roles as well. This lesson describes how carbon dioxide is transported in our blood, how carbon dioxide is converted into a pH buffer, and how carbon dioxide helps with oxygen transport. In summary, carbon dioxide is a metabolic waste product of ATP synthesis. As our cells produce carbon dioxide, it diffuses into the blood, where it is transported to the lungs for expiration. Some of the carbon dioxide is transported dissolved in the plasma. Some carbon dioxide is transported as carbaminohemoglobin. However, most carbon dioxide is transported as bicarbonate. As blood flows through the tissues, carbon dioxide diffuses into red blood cells, where it is converted into bicarbonate", "Normal hemoglobin can bind a total of: 3 molecules of oxygen, 4 molecules of oxygen, 2 molecule of oxygen, or 1 molecule of oxygen. The majority of oxygen in the blood is transported by ________. dissolution in the blood, binding to hemoglobin, binding to blood plasma, or being carried as bicarbonate ions.", "Confidence votes 8. Oxygen is transported by the haemoglobin of the red blood cells (erythrocytes). The oxygen binds reversibly to the haemoglobin to form oxyhemoglobin. Oxygen may also be dissolved and be transported in the solution form in blood plasma. Carbon dioxide is transported mainly as hydrogencarbonate ions. The process whereby carbon dioxide is converted into the bicarbonate ions occurs in the red blood cells. The reaction is reversible", "Report Abuse. Pretty sure it's (2), bound to hemoglobin. Could be (3), dissolved in red blood cells because red blood cells transport oxygen throughout the body, but I don't think the oxygen is actually dissolved into the cells. sarge927 · 8 years ago. Thumbs up.", "The oxygen that we obligate aerobes need for survival is transported from the lungs to peripheral tissues by the hemoglobin that is densely packed in our red blood cells (erythrocytes). Hemoglobin is the most intensively studied protein in the world, and its structure is known in intimate detail. ", "Vertebrate blood is bright red when its haemoglobin is oxygenated and dark red when it is deoxygenated. Some animals, such as crustaceans and mollusks, use hemocyanin to carry oxygen, instead of hemoglobin. ", "Red blood cells and haemoglobin. Oxygen is one of the substances transported with the assistance of red blood cells. The red blood cells contain a pigment called haemoglobin, each molecule of which binds four oxygen molecules. Oxyhaemoglobin forms. Transport of oxygen in the blood Blood Blood is an 'aqueous body fluid'. In other words it is water containing a whole range of substances. It is contained in a complex network called the vascular system and is pumped around the body by the heart." ], "url": [ "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080105034427AAztxbC", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/carbon-dioxide-transport-in-the-blood.html", "https://www.boundless.com/biology/textbooks/boundless-biology-textbook/the-respiratory-system-39/transport-of-gases-in-human-bodily-fluids-222/transport-of-oxygen-in-the-blood-841-12086/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Which_type_of_blood_transports_oxygen_and_carbon_dioxide", "https://malaysia.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071019095428AAAtpgw", "http://www.dartmouth.edu/%7Erpsmith/Oxygen_Transport.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_transport", "http://www.rsc.org/Education/Teachers/Resources/cfb/transport.htm" ] }

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[ "In vitro diagnostic products are those reagents, instruments, and systems intended for use in diagnosis of disease or other conditions, including a determination of the state of health, in order to cure, mitigate, treat, or prevent disease or its sequelae." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Hoerlein reported the highest incidence of IVD disease (73.1%) in dogs 3 to 6 years of age. Dogs over 7 years of age constituted 21.2% of the reported cases. (28) Table 62-3 is a summary of the incidence of IVD disease by breed during a 5 and 1/2-year period(January 1976 June 1981) at the Purdue Small Animal Clinic. Severe or acute spinal cord compression following a cervical IVD protrusion is treated with 2.0 mg/kg intravenous dosage. This initial therapy is followed by more conservative doses (0.2 mg to 0.4 mg/kg sid or bid) for 2 to 3 days or as needed. More subtle episodes are treated with the conservative dosage initially.", "The IVD gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 15 between positions 14 and 15. More precisely, the IVD gene is located from base pair 40,405,484 to base pair 40,435,947 on chromosome 15. The official name of this gene is “isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase.”. IVD is the gene's official symbol. The IVD gene is also known by other names, listed below. Read more about gene names and symbols on the About page.", "The IVD gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase. This enzyme plays an essential role in processing proteins obtained from the diet. Normally, the body breaks down proteins from food into smaller parts called amino acids. The official name of this gene is “isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase.”. IVD is the gene's official symbol. The IVD gene is also known by other names, listed below. Read more about gene names and symbols on the About page.", "First published: Part of: Medical devices regulation and safety and Medicines, medical devices and blood regulation and safety. Guidance for healthcare professionals covers the use, management and safety of in vitro diagnostic (IVD) devices, including blood glucose meters.", "Definition: In vitro diagnostic products are those reagents, instruments, and systems intended for use in diagnosis of disease or other conditions, including a determination of the state of health, in order to cure, mitigate, treat, or prevent disease or its sequelae. It allows the recipient of an NSE (not substantially equivalent) letter to request a risk-based classification determination to be made for the device. In some cases, this allows a manufacturer to use the De Novo process to submit a 510(k) for a new IVD that would otherwise have to get to market via the PMA process.", "This section provides an overview of how FDA regulates IVDs. It does not operate to bind FDA or the Public. Manufacturers can find detailed information about complying with the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act from the Device Advice: Device Regulation and Guidance section. For more information, see IVD Guidance Documents. It allows the recipient of an NSE (not substantially equivalent) letter to request a risk-based classification determination to be made for the device. In some cases, this allows a manufacturer to use the De Novo process to submit a 510(k) for a new IVD that would otherwise have to get to market via the PMA process.", "in vitro diagnostic. 1. Any device, reagent, material, or system designed for use in the laboratory diagnosis of disease or health status. The term also refers to a general category of entities that are highly and specifically regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and other regulatory bodies. A gene on chromosome 15q14-q15 that encodes isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, a mitochondrial matrix enzyme that catalyses the third step in leucine catabolism. Molecular pathology. Defects in IVD leads to a toxic accumulation of isovaleric acid in the brain or isovaleric acidaemia.", "Intervertebral disk (IVD) disease in the dog is a common clinical disorder manifested by pain, ataxia, paresis, motor paralysis, or sensorimotor paralysis. It occurs most frequently in the chondrodystrophoid dogs but also affects the nonchondrodystrophoid breeds. Severe or acute spinal cord compression following a cervical IVD protrusion is treated with 2.0 mg/kg intravenous dosage. This initial therapy is followed by more conservative doses (0.2 mg to 0.4 mg/kg sid or bid) for 2 to 3 days or as needed. More subtle episodes are treated with the conservative dosage initially.", "At least 25 mutations in the IVD gene have been identified in people with isovaleric acidemia. Some of these mutations disrupt the normal function of the enzyme, while other mutations prevent the cell from producing any functional enzyme. As a result, the body is unable to break down leucine properly. The official name of this gene is “isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase.”. IVD is the gene's official symbol. The IVD gene is also known by other names, listed below. Read more about gene names and symbols on the About page.", "FDA classifies IVD products into Class I, II, or III according to the level of regulatory control that is necessary to assure safety and effectiveness. The classification of an IVD (or other medical device) determines the appropriate premarket process. It allows the recipient of an NSE (not substantially equivalent) letter to request a risk-based classification determination to be made for the device. In some cases, this allows a manufacturer to use the De Novo process to submit a 510(k) for a new IVD that would otherwise have to get to market via the PMA process." ], "url": [ "http://cal.vet.upenn.edu/projects/saortho/chapter_62/62mast.htm", "http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/IVD", "http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/IVD", "https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/in-vitro-diagnostic-ivd-devices-use-safety-and-management", "http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidance/IVDRegulatoryAssistance/ucm123682.htm", "http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidance/IVDRegulatoryAssistance/ucm123682.htm", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/IVD", "http://cal.vet.upenn.edu/projects/saortho/chapter_62/62mast.htm", "http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/IVD", "http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidance/IVDRegulatoryAssistance/ucm123682.htm" ] }

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[ "Puppies can receive the injectable vaccine starting at 6 to 8 weeks of age, followed by a booster between 10 and 12 weeks of age. For adult dogs or puppies older than 16 weeks, the intranasal vaccine can be given once, and the injectable vaccine should be given twice, two to four weeks apart." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Puppies should receive their first canine distemper, canine adenovirus (infectious canine hepatitis) and canine parvovirus at 7-9 weeks of age, then at 12-13 weeks of age, and finally at 16-18 weeks of age to insure they are solidly protected against these diseases. Also, by law, most states require a yearly rabies vaccination even though studies have shown that many of the rabies vaccines we use give us three years of protection. Many veterinarians, myself included, were suspicious that the vaccines we used were giving much longer periods of protection than one year.", "However, this protection only lasts a few weeks so they need regular vaccinations from an early age. Puppies are typically vaccinated at eight and 10 weeks, kittens at nine and 12 weeks, with an initial course of two injections. Your young pet should then be given a booster 12 months after their first vaccination. Rabbits need regular vaccinations too. Find out more about rabbit vaccinations. Older pets need protecting too, as their immunity can decline.", "Which vaccinations should your puppy get? How often does your puppy need to be vaccinated? Do you really have to go back every three weeks for another vaccine? ", "1 For adult dogs or puppies older than 16 weeks, the intranasal vaccine can be given once, and the injectable vaccine should be given twice, two to four weeks apart. 1 Kittens can be vaccinated intranasally as early as 8 weeks of age. 2 Puppies can receive the injectable vaccine starting at 6 to 8 weeks of age, followed by a booster between 10 and 12", "After the initial series of puppy vaccines your pet should get a parvo shot yearly. Your best option is to get the combination vaccine with parvo, distemper and some other stuff all in one because they are all needed yearly. I went to the Vet with my friend, her adult dog was sick. They should be vaccinated with distemper/parvo at 8 and 12 weeks. 16 is optional. They can get one final one at ~1.5 years of age and then every 3 years after that MAX.", "Every day across the country, puppies and kittens, as well as adult dogs are massively vaccinated with multiple viral and bacterial antigens with the hope of enhancing their health and preventing potential future infectious disease. Vaccination titers are blood tests that can document protective immunity in most pets, and we are now finding that viral immunity to most core viruses like parvo and distemper in dogs, as well as panleukopenia in cats can last for many years to the life of the pet.", "A vaccination is sometimes given three to four weeks later, about age 17 to 18 weeks. Most all veterinarians agree the final vaccination in the series should be given after the puppy is 4 months old. Once the puppy series is complete, your dog should received a booster vaccination each year. Most veterinarians recommend that a puppy receive his first parvovirus vaccination when he is 8 weeks old. The second vaccination is given in three to four weeks, about age 11 to 12 weeks. A third vaccination is given in three to four more weeks, about age 14 to 15 weeks.", "Consult with your veterinarian to determine which vaccinations your puppy should receive, and how often. Drs. Foster and Smith prefer to vaccinate puppies with a combination vaccine at six weeks of age initially, with boosters given every three weeks until the puppy is about sixteen weeks of age.", "Report Abuse. They should be vaccinated with distemper/parvo at 8 and 12 weeks. 16 is optional. They can get one final one at ~1.5 years of age and then every 3 years after that MAX. Distemper and parvo are the only vaccinations they absolutely need. The others (lepto, adenovirus, etc) are not strictly necessary", "1 Puppies can receive the injectable vaccine starting at 6 to 8 weeks of age, followed by a booster between 10 and 12 weeks of age. 2 For adult dogs or puppies older than 16 weeks, the intranasal vaccine can be given once, and the injectable vaccine should be given twice, two to four weeks apart. 1 Kittens can be vaccinated intranasally as early as 8 weeks of age. 2 " ], "url": [ "http://www.2ndchance.info/dogvacs.htm", "http://www.rspca.org.uk/adviceandwelfare/pets/general/vaccinating", "http://www.petmd.com/blogs/purelypuppy/lradosta/2012/feb/puppy_vaccinations-12491", "http://www.vetstreet.com/care/bordetella-vaccine-for-dogs-and-cats", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071207203319AAEc2L3", "http://blog.petmeds.com/ask-the-vet/vaccination-schedule-dogs-cats/", "http://pets.thenest.com/dogs-need-parvo-vaccine-5461.html", "http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?c=2+2115&aid=960", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071207203319AAEc2L3", "http://www.vetstreet.com/care/bordetella-vaccine-for-dogs-and-cats" ] }

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[ "$36,900" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The cost of tuition and fees varies by college. There is a wide range of prices, as the table below shows. But you should know that half of all full-time undergraduate students at public and private nonprofit four-year colleges attend institutions that charge tuition and fees of $11,550 or less.", "Tuition for the academic year 2015–2016 is $41,100. Additional costs of attending school — charges for books, supplies and certain school activities — are not included in tuition. Families receiving financial aid for school tuition receive additional financial support to meet these additional costs.", "Question: What are the trends in the cost of college education? Response: For the 2012–13 academic year, annual current dollar prices for undergraduate tuition, room, and board were estimated to be $15,022 at public institutions, $39,173 at private nonprofit institutions, and $23,158 at private for-profit institutions.", "Undergraduate Tuition. Tuition for Menlo College is $36,900 for the 2014/2015 academic year. This is 46% more expensive than the national average private non-profit four year college tuition of $25,224. The cost is $16,266 and 79% more expensive than the average California tuition of $20,634 for 4 year colleges. Tuition ranks 152nd in California amongst 4 year colleges for affordability and is the 30th most expensive 4 year college in the state. Price does not vary by residence.", "It's a discount of your college costs that you do not have to pay back. For example, the average published price of in-state tuition and fees at a four-year public college is $9,139, but the average net price — what the average family really pays — is just $3,030." ], "url": [ "https://bigfuture.collegeboard.org/pay-for-college/college-costs/college-costs-faqs#!", "https://www.menloschool.org/admissions/tuition-and-financial-aid.php", "http://nces.ed.gov/FastFacts/display.asp?id=76", "http://www.collegecalc.org/colleges/california/menlo-college/", "https://bigfuture.collegeboard.org/pay-for-college/college-costs/college-costs-faqs#!" ] }

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[ "100" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Our answer is .1587. About 16% of the population has an IQ score lower than 85. What if the question was like this: In the United States, the average IQ is 100, with a standard deviation of 15.", "Assume that the salaries of elementary school teachers in the United States are normally distributed with a mean of $32,000 and a standard deviation of $3000. If a teacher is selected at random, find the probability that he or she makes more than $36,000. You have one chance out of one quadrillion of scoring 8 standard deviations higher than the mean. iow, IF there were half a BILLION Botswanans in the world, which of course there are NOT, not a SINGLE one of them would have scored 784 and thus demonstrated an IQ of 132.", "Statistical information from Guiding the Gifted Child, 2002. The mean, or average, IQ is 100. Standard deviations, in most cases, are 15 points. The majority of the population, 68.26%, falls within one standard deviation of the mean (IQ 85-115). T his is the intellectual ability range addressed by the standard school age/grade-based curriculum. 2.14% of the population is between the second and third standard deviation below the mean (IQ 55-70), and 2.14% is between the second and third standard deviation above the mean (IQ 130-145).", "Based on millions of results for the most popular IQ tests in the United States, it is thought that the standard deviation of the test scores for the population as a whole is likely to be 16 points, although the standard deviation of IQ scores can vary from test to test. An IQ score of 113 points is at the 79% percentile, meaning that in the United States, this translates into the top 21% of the population. In other words, one in five people have the average IQ of a university student.", "It compares people of the same age or age category and assumes that IQ is normally distributed, that the average (mean) is 100 and that the standard deviation is something like 15 (IQ tests sometimes differ in their standard deviations). About 95% of the sample will be within 2 standard deviations from the mean (3). With the standard deviation and a mean, you can calculate percentiles. Percentiles tell you the percent of people that have a score equal to or lower than a certain score.", "(There would be about 360,000 such individuals in the United States, or about 400,000 in the United States and Canada.) Four Standard Deviations Above the Average (IQ = 182) Approximately 99.997% of our population has an IQ of 181 or below. Only 0.003% or about 1 in 30,000 possesses an IQ of 182 or above. (There would be about 9,000 such individuals in the United States, or about 10,000 in the United States and Canada.) Five Standard Deviations Above the Average (IQ = 212) Approximately 99.9997% of our population has an IQ of 211 or below. Only 0.0000287% or about 1 in 3,500,000 can boast an IQ of 212 or above. Only 2% of the population, or about 1 in every 50 (the entry level for Mensa), has an IQ of 135 or above. Three Standard Deviations Above the Average (IQ = 157) Approximately 99.87% of the public, has an IQ of 156 or below.", "Only 16% of the population, or about 1 in every 6 has an IQ of 116 or above. Two Standard Deviations Above the Average (IQ = 135) Approximately 98% of the public has an IQ of 134 or below. Only 2% of the population, or about 1 in every 50 (the entry level for Mensa), has an IQ of 135 or above. Three Standard Deviations Above the Average (IQ = 157) Approximately 99.87% of the public, has an IQ of 156 or below.", "1 68% of the population will have an IQ score which is one standard deviation away from the mean score of 100 (i.e. 2 IQ scores ranging from 84 to 116 points). 3 95.4% of the population will have an IQ score which is two standard deviations away from the mean (i.e. An IQ score of 113 points is at the 79% percentile, meaning that in the United States, this translates into the top 21% of the population. In other words, one in five people have the average IQ of a university student.", "An IQ score of 115 means performance one standard deviation above the median, a score of 85 performance one standard deviation below the median, and so on. Lewis Terman and other early developers of IQ tests noticed that most child IQ scores come out to approximately the same number by either procedure. Like all current IQ tests, the Wechsler tests report a deviation IQ as the standard score for the full-scale IQ, with the norming sample median raw score defined as IQ 100 and a score one standard deviation higher defined as IQ 115 (and one deviation lower defined as IQ 85).", "By the current deviation IQ definition of IQ test standard scores, about two-thirds of all test-takers obtain scores from 85 to 115, and about 5 percent of the population scores above 125. Like all current IQ tests, the Wechsler tests report a deviation IQ as the standard score for the full-scale IQ, with the norming sample median raw score defined as IQ 100 and a score one standard deviation higher defined as IQ 115 (and one deviation lower defined as IQ 85)." ], "url": [ "http://statisticslectures.com/topics/extrazscores/", "http://fathersmanifesto.net/standarddeviation.htm", "http://presskit.ditd.org/Davidson_Institute_Press_Kit/ditd_IQ_and_Educational_Needs.html", "http://www.iq-brain.com/blog/average-iq-university-students/", "http://www.iqcomparisonsite.com/IQBasics.aspx", "http://hiqnews.megafoundation.org/Definition_of_IQ'.html", "http://hiqnews.megafoundation.org/Definition_of_IQ'.html", "http://www.iq-brain.com/blog/average-iq-university-students/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IQ_classification", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IQ_classification" ] }

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[ "Perseus with the head of Medusa, also known as Cellini’s Persus, is a bronze sculpture." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "(1500 - 1571). Perseus. Benvenuto and welcome to this page about Cellini’s masterpiece, the larger-than-life bronze statue of Perseus with the Head of Medusa in the Loggia di Lanzi in Florence. Cellini was, by his own humble admission, the finest goldsmith, craftsman and sculptor of his day.", "SCULPTURE. Sculpture is considered a masterpiece of Italian Mannerism, and is one of the most famous statues in Florence’s Piazza della Signoria. Located in the Loggia dei Lanzi, it depicts Perseus as he stands on Medusa’s body and holds her head up in the air.", "In the final scene, Perseus stands at the broken statue of Zeus seen at the beginning. Zeus appears and offers to make Perseus a god on Olympus; but he refuses. Zeus notes that Zeus will return one day for revenge when mankind is in fear.", "Hermes said that they were all siblings as Perseus was in fact the son of Zeus, so they would help him in his quest; so Hermes offered him his winged sandals and the sickle that was used by Cronus to castrate Uranus; while Athena gave him her shield, so that Perseus would not have to look straight into Medusa 's eyes.", "Perseus with the head of Medusa, also known as Cellini’s Persus, is a bronze sculpture, considered a masterpiece of Italian Mannerism. Perseus with the head of Medusa, also known as Cellini’s Persus, is a bronze sculpture. It is considered a masterpiece of Italian Mannerism, and is one of the most famous statues in Florence’s Piazza della Signoria. Located in the Loggia dei Lanzi, it depicts Perseus as he stands on Medusa’s body and holds her head up in the air.", "Cellini’s Perseus recalls Donatello’s bronze sculpture Judith and Holofernes (1460), but Cellini takes a step away from the early Renaissance style towards the characteristic titanism of the Italian Mannerism. Cellini’s Perseus also has political meaning, just like the vast majority of the statuary in the piazza." ], "url": [ "http://www.p-synd.com/cellini.htm", "http://www.waymarking.com/waymarks/WMFGDC_Perseus_with_the_head_of_Medusa_Florence_Italy", "http://www.greekmythology.com/Myths/Heroes/Perseus/perseus.html", "http://www.greekmythology.com/Myths/Heroes/Perseus/perseus.html", "http://www.turismo.intoscana.it/site/en/highlights/Benvenuto-Cellini-Perseus-with-the-head-of-Medusa/", "http://www.turismo.intoscana.it/site/en/highlights/Benvenuto-Cellini-Perseus-with-the-head-of-Medusa/" ] }

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[ "Veiled chameleon hatchlings are 2 to 3 inches long, from nose to tail tip. By 8 months old." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Although you can't tell the age of an adult chameleon, there are ways to estimate the ages of babies and juveniles. Different species vary in color and size. The ages of babies and juveniles are estimated by observing their sizes and colorations. Estimate His Age by His Size. Estimate a juvenile chameleon's age using his size as a gauge. Veiled chameleon hatchlings are 2 to 3 inches long, from nose to tail tip. By 8 months old, they've reach adult length. Females measure 8 to 12 inches long, including their tails, and males are 12 to 19 inches long", "A pet chameleon can provide hours of enjoyment. You may wonder about your new pet, including such things as how long you think this chameleon will be a part of your life. Chameleons generally live for three to eight years, depending on their gender and species. Ask a reputable breeder. This is particularly useful if you bought the chameleon at a pet store and the salesperson is uncertain of the age. If you don't know of any breeders in your area, you can locate one using the search function on the Chameleons Online website.", "Their lifespan is about five years. The veiled chameleon is usually around 3 to 4 inches at birth and marked by a light green color, eventually growing to between 8 inches and a foot after a year with much brighter and more varied color patterns. Veiled chameleons live between five and eight years. Ask a reputable breeder. This is particularly useful if you bought the chameleon at a pet store and the salesperson is uncertain of the age. If you don't know of any breeders in your area, you can locate one using the search function on the Chameleons Online website.", "A reputable chameleon breeder who's familiar with your chameleon species may be able to estimate your juvenile pet's age. Most reputable breeders will not sell juvenile chameleons less than 6 weeks old. Estimate His Age by His Size. Estimate a juvenile chameleon's age using his size as a gauge. Veiled chameleon hatchlings are 2 to 3 inches long, from nose to tail tip. By 8 months old, they've reach adult length. Females measure 8 to 12 inches long, including their tails, and males are 12 to 19 inches long", "Do you have the space that is required to house an adult chameleon? The size of the enclosure that you have for your 6-8 week old chameleon, and the size of the enclosure that you will have for your adult chameleon will be significantly different (enclosure sizes vary between species). Typically, a 6-8 week old chameleon can be housed in a 25-35 gallon reptarium (see housing). Not all species of chameleons require the same amount, or type of care. Some require much more time and effort, while others will do just fine with the basic requirements of most reptiles. Some of the easier species to care for are the Veiled Chameleon, Jackson's Chameleon, and Panther Chameleon.", "The Appearance of the Veiled Chameleon. The veiled chameleon is a rather large species of chameleon and can grow as long as 24 inches long! While some veiled chameleons do grow to this length the average size for this species is between 14 and 18 inches long. Due to its prevalence in Yemen, many people often refer to this chameleon as the Yemen", "Veiled Chameleon Size. Adult male veiled chameleons may reach a total length of 2 feet, and females can attain approximately 18 inches, making the veiled chameleon one of the larger chameleon species seen in captivity. Hatchling veiled chameleons are approximately 3 to 4 inches in total length. For adult veiled chameleons, bigger is better as far as their enclosures are concerned. The ideal cage for an adult male veiled chameleon would be a screened enclosure measuring about 2 feet wide by 2 feet long by 4 feet tall. Females can be kept in screened enclosures measuring about 18 inches long by 18 inches deep and 3 feet tall", "The veiled chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus) is a species of chameleon native to the Arabian Peninsula in Yemen and Saudi Arabia. Other common names include cone-head chameleon and Yemen chameleon. The veiled chameleon is an omnivore. It favors insects, and it also eats plant matter, especially as a source of water. The life span is about 5 years for females, and up to 8 years for males. They reach sexual maturity at four to five months." ], "url": [ "http://animals.mom.me/figure-out-age-chameleon-11592.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how_8428423_figure-out-age-chameleon.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how_8428423_figure-out-age-chameleon.html", "http://animals.mom.me/figure-out-age-chameleon-11592.html", "http://www.chameleonsonline.com/tips.php", "http://www.earthsfriends.com/veiled-chameleon/", "http://www.reptilesmagazine.com/Care-Sheets/Lizards/Veiled-Chameleon/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veiled_chameleon" ] }

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[ "They specializes in performing surgical and non-surgical procedures on the mouth, face, and neck." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Your dentist may perform oral surgery or refer you to an oral surgeon, called an oral and maxillofacial surgeon. An oral surgeon is a dentist who has completed a university post-graduate specialty program in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Your dentist or oral surgeon may suggest that you add 1/2 teaspoon of salt to a cup of warm water each time you rinse. Rinse 4 or 5 times a day, for 3 or 4 days. What NOT to do. 1 Do not rinse your mouth within the first 24 hours, even if the bleeding and oozing leave a bad taste in your mouth.", "Call Us: 1-800-SmileGen. (800-764-5343). An oral surgeon, also referred to as an oral-maxillofacial surgeon, is a dental professional who specializes in performing surgical and non-surgical procedures on the mouth, face, and neck. These procedures may include oral surgery, reconstructive surgery, and cosmetic dentistry. Your general dentist will typically refer you to an oral surgeon. At SmileGeneration.com, you can find a list of qualified oral surgeons in your area, view staff bios, read patient reviews, and request your appointment online in minutes.", "No, an oral surgeon and a dental surgeon are not the same. A dental surgeon is simply a dentist. They are trained to do a certain amount of surgery in the mouth, such as removing teeth. But they haven’t studied to do the more complex surgeries which anoral and maxillofacial surgeon performs.", "When your oral surgeon works in collaboration with other dental and medical professionals on your case, it is important that you have the same level of trust and confidence in their professional skills and care as you do in those of your oral surgeon. An oral surgeon is skilled in the following: Removing diseased and impacted teeth and administering anesthesia. An oral surgeon can remove impacted and damaged teeth and provide in-office anesthesia services, including intravenous (IV) sedation and general anesthesia. Placing dental implants.", "Some of the procedures oral and maxillofacials surgeons do are: 1 Removal of teeth. 2 Oral surgeons commonly remove impacted wisdom teeth as well teeth which are broken down and difficult to remove. 3 Orthognathic surgery (jaw surgery). A dental surgeon is simply a dentist. They are trained to do a certain amount of surgery in the mouth, such as removing teeth. But they haven’t studied to do the more complex surgeries which anoral and maxillofacial surgeon performs.", "Oral & Maxillofacial surgery (OMS) specializes in treating many diseases, injuries and defects in the head, neck, face, jaws and the hard and soft tissues of the Oral (mouth) and Maxillofacial (jaws and face) region. It is an internationally recognized surgical specialty. Oral & Maxillofacial (OMF) Surgeons specialise in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases affecting the mouth, jaws, face and neck.", "Education and Training for Oral Surgeons. To be certified as a diplomate of the American Board of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, an oral and maxillofacial surgeon (commonly called an OMFS or oral surgeon) must graduate from an accredited dental school and be licensed in the state in which he/she is practicing. An oral surgeon is skilled in the following: Removing diseased and impacted teeth and administering anesthesia. An oral surgeon can remove impacted and damaged teeth and provide in-office anesthesia services, including intravenous (IV) sedation and general anesthesia. Placing dental implants.", "1 If you are badly injured in an accident, oral surgeons can reconstruct your jaw and implant missing teeth. 2 If you need a bridge or an implant, you'll need an oral surgeon to help you. 3 There is a lot of overlap between oral surgery and other dental specialties. ", "1 Removal of teeth. 2 Oral surgeons commonly remove impacted wisdom teeth as well teeth which are broken down and difficult to remove. 3 Orthognathic surgery (jaw surgery). 4 This surgery can be done to realign the jaws and may be done in conjunction with orthodontic braces. A dental surgeon is simply a dentist. They are trained to do a certain amount of surgery in the mouth, such as removing teeth. But they haven’t studied to do the more complex surgeries which anoral and maxillofacial surgeon performs.", "10 most extreme places on Earth. Oral surgeons, also called maxillofacial surgeons, perform many different dental procedures to correct problems with the teeth, gums, jaw, and face. If it was something to do with the tongue, maybe an oral surgeon would be more capable of handling it. My only suggestion if you are trying to find an oral surgeon is to always get a second opinion if you need some sort of major work done. I know that some people are constrained by what their insurance can cover." ], "url": [ "http://www.cda-adc.ca/en/oral_health/talk/procedures/oral_surgery/", "http://www.smilegeneration.com/What-is-an-Oral-Surgeon.aspx", "http://www.dentabout.com/oral-surgeon/", "http://www.yourdentistryguide.com/oral-surgery/", "http://www.dentabout.com/oral-surgeon/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_and_maxillofacial_surgery", "http://www.yourdentistryguide.com/oral-surgery/", "https://www.humana.com/learning-center/health-and-wellbeing/healthy-living/how-to-prepare-for-oral-surgery", "http://www.dentabout.com/oral-surgeon/", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-does-an-oral-surgeon-do.htm" ] }

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[ "An ankle rash can be a sign of a relatively minor condition, such as irritant contact dermatitis caused by exposure to poison ivy or poison oak. A rash on the ankles can also be caused by an allergic reaction to a variety of allergens (allergic contact dermatitis), such as grass." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Find a Great Dermatologist Near You. An ankle rash can be a sign of a relatively minor condition, such as irritant contact dermatitis caused by exposure to poison ivy or poison oak. A rash on the ankles can also be caused by an allergic reaction to a variety of allergens (allergic contact dermatitis), such as grass. The texture of an ankle rash can be flat, raised, bumpy or scaly and include flaking off or peeling of skin cells. Ankle rashes can also appear as dots, spots or patches, or they may appear to be solid and continuous.", "If your ankles are red, blotchy and itchy -- you likely have contact dermatitis. Contact refers to your skin touching a substance or allergen, and dermatitis is the inflammatory response that occurs from touching that substance. These symptoms can also be caused by insect bites. Identification. Contact dermatitis develops into a rash of itchy, red skin. Red patches that resemble a burn may be visible on your ankles. A warm sensation and swelling is often present after the ankles come in contact with a substance. The skin on your ankles may blister, ooze and have a dry crust-like appearance", "It's a chronic disease, so if this is the cause of your blotchy skin, it's likely you've had this rash elsewhere. Contact dermatitis is a red itchy rash that occurs when the skin reacts to an irritant such as poison ivy or a new detergent. If you have noticed patchy red skin on your ankles, make sure to record what the rash looks like and what you were doing before it appeared -- even if it was something as benign as sleeping or watching television -- as this information will help your health care provider narrow the field of potential causes.", "Ankle itch: A sensation that causes a desire to scratch the skin of the ankle. See detailed information below for a list of 12 causes of Ankle itch, Symptom Checker, including diseases and drug side effect causes. » Review Causes of Ankle itch: Causes | Symptom Checker ». ", "Skin rash and Swelling. WebMD Symptom Checker helps you find the most common medical conditions indicated by the symptoms skin rash and swelling including Poison ivy, oak, and sumac, Lyme disease, and Sprained ankle. There are 44 conditions associated with skin rash and swelling. The links below will provide you with more detailed information on these medical conditions from the WebMD Symptom Checker and help provide a better understanding of causes and treatment of these related conditions. 1 Poison ivy, oak, and sumac", "Ankle rash: Introduction. Ankle rash: An eruption on the skin of the ankle. See detailed information below for a list of 17 causes of Ankle rash, Symptom Checker, including diseases and drug side effect causes. » Review Causes of Ankle rash: Causes | Symptom Checker ». ", "An ankle rash is an inflammatory reaction of the skin on the ankles. Rashes on the ankle can be caused by a wide variety of mild to serious diseases, disorders and conditions. Ankle rashes can affect a small to large area of one or both ankles at a time, and can occur in all age groups and populations. The texture of an ankle rash can be flat, raised, bumpy or scaly and include flaking off or peeling of skin cells. Ankle rashes can also appear as dots, spots or patches, or they may appear to be solid and continuous.", "Red Skin Blotches on the Ankles. Irritated skin on your ankles can be caused by a variety of issues. Photo Credit phototake/iStock/Getty Images. Red, patchy rashes are a common complaint and can be caused by a variety of issues. The skin can react to both outside and systemic irritants that cause this symptom. If you have noticed patchy red skin on your ankles, make sure to record what the rash looks like and what you were doing before it appeared -- even if it was something as benign as sleeping or watching television -- as this information will help your health care provider narrow the field of potential causes." ], "url": [ "http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/ankle-rash", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/547468-red-blotchy-itchy-skin-on-ankles/", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/303074-red-skin-blotches-on-the-ankles/", "http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/sym/ankle_itch.htm", "http://symptomchecker.webmd.com/multiple-symptoms?symptoms=skin-rash%7Cswelling&symptomids=185%7C5&locations=68%7C60", "http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/sym/ankle_rash.htm", "http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/ankle-rash", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/303074-red-skin-blotches-on-the-ankles/" ] }

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[ "Between the ages of 40 and 58" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "1 The average age of U.S. women at the time of menopause is 51 years. 2 The most common age range at which women experience menopause is 48-55 years. 3 Premature menopause is defines as menopause occurring in a woman younger than 40 years. 4 About 1% of women experience premature menopause.", "The average age for menopause in the United States is 51, according to the National Institute on Aging. Generally, most women experience onset between the ages of 40 and 60. Early menopause usually refers to cases where onset occurs before the age of 40.", "On average, menopause takes place at the age of 51 in the western world. However, some women experience menopause from as early as 35 years of age. Meanwhile others have to wait until 60 in order for their menstrual periods to stop completely.", "Interestingly, 100 years ago, the average age of menopause was 45. However, the average life expectancy for women was 49. Today, the average age has increased to 51, and the average female life expectancy is close to 80.", "The average age of menopause in the United States is 51, but it is considered perfectly normal for a woman to go through it at any time between the ages of 35 and 59, says Lila Schmidt, MD, a reproductive endocrinologist in private practice in San Diego. “Anything above 35 is not premature,” she says.", "Postmenopause follows perimenopause and lasts the rest of your life. The average age of a woman having her last period, menopause, is 51. But, some women have their last period in their forties, and some have it later in their fifties. Smoking can lead to early menopause. So can some types of operations.", "The average age of menopause varies among women. Studies show that many will see signs by age 51. Somewhere between the ages of 40 and 58, though, is when most women will start to experience symptoms of menopause. This stage is called perimenopause." ], "url": [ "http://www.emedicinehealth.com/menopause/article_em.htm", "http://www.healthline.com/health/menopause/causes-early", "https://www.consumerhealthdigest.com/menopause-center/average-age-of-menopause.html", "http://menopause.emedtv.com/menopause/average-age-of-menopause.html", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/menopause/at-what-age-will-you-enter-menopause.aspx", "https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/publication/menopause", "http://menopausechitchat.com/menopause-facts/average-age-of-menopause" ] }

[]

[ "50 grams or 10 teaspoons of sugar." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "take the number of calories you consume daily, and take 20% of this number (the amount of fat calories per day you need). in your case, you should consume 360 fat calori … es. one gram of fat is equal to 9 fat calories, so divide the 360 grams of fat by nine, to give you 40 grams of dat per day.", "By comparison, most women should be getting no more than 6 teaspoons a day, or 100 calories, of added sugar — the sweeteners and syrups that are added to foods during processing, preparation or at the table. For most men, the recommended limit is 9 teaspoons, or 150 calories, the heart group says.", "How much is 10 percent? Well, in a 2000-calorie-a-day diet, 10 percent would be equal to about 50 grams, or 10 teaspoons of sugar. Unfortunately, most Americans consume 30 to 40 teaspoons or more of refined sugar per day. Most of this sugar comes from food products to which sugar has been added, such as soda, candy and baked goods.", "Average daily intake. On average, in 2004, Canadians consumed 110.0 grams of sugar a day, the equivalent of 26 teaspoons. This amounted to 21.4% of their total daily calorie intake. Absolute daily sugar consumption varied substantially with age (Figure 1).", "Sugar Allowance. Because sugar isn’t an essential nutrient, it doesn’t have an official recommendation. However, the American Heart Association set a recommended limit, so you don’t get too many extra calories in your diet. Men shouldn't have more than 9 teaspoons daily, while women shouldn't have more than 6 teaspoons.", "Currently, Western European adults consume an average of 101 grams of sugar per day, while in South America the figure rises to 130 grams. Sugar represents around 16-17% of an adult’s daily energy intake in the United Kingdom and Spain." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_many_grams_of_sugar_should_you_consume_per_day", "http://www.nbcnews.com/id/32543288/ns/health-diet_and_nutrition/t/cut-back-way-back-sugar-says-heart-group/", "http://www.calorieking.com/learnabouts/Sugar-How-Much-Is-Too-Much_OTUz.html", "http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/82-003-x/2011003/article/11540-eng.htm", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/much-sugar-should-someone-consume-day-9919.html", "http://www.euronews.com/2015/03/06/the-who-suggests-we-eat-50g-of-sugar-per-day-but-how-much-is-that-exactly/" ] }

[]

[ "20,000 pounds" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "1 A sugar maple tree that is smaller than 24″ will usually cost $5 to $9 each, while a sugar maple tree that is as large eight feet tall can cost $50 to $65 each. 2 At Porcupine Hollow Farm in W. State Central Lake, Michigan, the following are the different sizes of sugar maple trees offered and their respective costs:", "How much is it? 1 On average, a maple tree can cost as little as $10 for a sapling to as much as $1,500 for a 20 foot tree or larger. 2 The Arbor Day Foundation provides maple trees for as little as $6 to $10.", "1 On average, a maple tree can cost as little as $10 for a sapling to as much as $1,500 for a 20 foot tree or larger. 2 The Arbor Day Foundation provides maple trees for as little as $6 to $10.", "1 This type of maple leaf tree can cost $35 to $70 for a smaller 3 foot tree. 2 The Legacy Sugar Maple is a tree that can resist heat and drought and is often used in lawns as shade and screens. 3 This type of tree is sold for $35 to $60. 4 A Japanese Maple can cost $80 to $125.", "Example: An 80 foot hardwood tree with a 24” diameter has a weight that can exceed 20,000 pounds. A 50-foot pine tree with a 12” diameter has a weight of more than 2000 pounds. These algorithms calculate the total weight of a tree including root. Full size hardwoods can exceed 50 tons." ], "url": [ "http://www.howmuchisit.org/sugar-maple-tree-cost/", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/how-much-does-maple-tree-cost/", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/how-much-does-maple-tree-cost/", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/how-much-does-maple-tree-cost/", "http://temporaryrepair.com/blog/2013/9/19/how-much-does-a-tree-weight" ] }

[]

[ "A person who lives in a single place for a extended period of time (many years)opposed to Nomadic people who move very frequently." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Sedentary activities include sitting, reading, watching television, playing video games, and computer use for much of the day with little or no vigorous physical exercise. A sedentary lifestyle can contribute to many preventable causes of death. Screen time is the amount of time a person spends watching a screen such as a television, computer monitor, or mobile device. It is shown to be a risk factor on its own independent of hard exercise and BMI. The more still, the higher risk of chronic diseases. People that sit still more than 4 hours per day have a 40 percent higher risk than those that sit fewer than 4 hours per day.", "The vocational guidelines for Social Security disability define work activity as medium, light, or sedentary. This is how these work activity levels are defined. 1 Sedentary work means that you are able to sit for up to 6 hours in an 8 hour day and lift up to 10 lbs. occasionally during a day. Social Security medical consultants assign an applicant a residual functional capacity (RFC) level of sedentary, light, or medium work, and then disability claims examiners use the RFC to see if the applicant can be expected to work by using a vocational grid pubished by Social Security.", "Photo: yourdon /Flickr. A sedentary lifestyle is defined by an excessive amount of daily sitting. Be it to watch television, work the computer, or even read, its negative health influences include increased anxiety, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, depression and more. ", "These 10 animal facts will amaze you. A sedentary lifestyle is a mode of living in which a person, an adult or child, does not engage in sufficient physical activity or exercise for what is generally considered healthy living. Post 4. @Cafe41 - I think that a lot of people live a sedentary life because they are so busy. Many people have very demanding jobs in which they have to travel constantly. Although there are gyms in the hotels this type of lifestyle does make it more difficult to maintain a healthy lifestyle.", "The consequences of sedentary lifestyle are obvious. Obesity, heart disease, colon cancer, diabetes and hypertension are linked to sedentary lifestyle. In addition, mood disorders are more common in those with sedentary lifestyle. Substance use and abuse is more common in those who are physically inactive. Overall, reversing a sedentary lifestyle is one of the most rewarding lifestyle changes a person can undertake. Initiation of exercise releases the body s natural opioids; the phenomenon of runner s high is well documented. Plus, becoming active can have nearly immediate reinforcing effects.", "A sedentary lifestyle is a type of lifestyle with no or irregular physical activity. A person who lives a sedentary lifestyle may colloquially be known as a slob or couch potato. It is commonly found in both the developed and developing world. It is shown to be a risk factor on its own independent of hard exercise and BMI. The more still, the higher risk of chronic diseases. People that sit still more than 4 hours per day have a 40 percent higher risk than those that sit fewer than 4 hours per day.", "What is a sedentary man? A sedentary person is someone who lives in a single place for a extended period of time (many years)opposed to Nomadic people who move very frequently. A sedentary lifestyle (which is the context that sedentary is most commonly used in) means an inactive lifestyle. A quiet lifestyle, as opposed to lazy.", "First, you may be wondering what we are referring to when we mention a sedentary lifestyle. A sedentary lifestyle is defined as a type of lifestyle where an individual does not receive regular amounts of physical activity. Overall, sedentary jobs have increased 83% since 1950 and physically active jobs now make up only about 25% of our workforce, which is 50% less than in 1950. Additionally, our average work week is longer. Americans now work 47 hours a week–164 more hours a year than 20 years ago.", "The more active we are the more energy we expend. The energy cost of an activity can be expressed as multiples of metabolic rate (to account for differences in body size) as a metabolic energy equivalent (MET) or physical activity ratio (PAR). " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedentary_lifestyle", "http://www.disabilitysecrets.com/blog/2010/05/social-security-disability-lig.html", "http://www.mnn.com/health/fitness-well-being/stories/a-sedentary-lifestyle-can-harm-you-even-if-you-exercise", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-a-sedentary-lifestyle.htm", "https://www.iaff.org/ET/JobAid/EAP/Sedentary_Lifestyle.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedentary_lifestyle", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_sedentary", "http://www.lifespanfitness.com/workplace/resources/articles/health-risks-of-a-sedentary-lifestyle", "http://www.eufic.org/article/en/artid/A-life-less-sedentary/" ] }

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[ "Per diem latin for per day or for each day is a daily allowance for expenses a specific amount of money an organization gives an individual often an employee per day to cover living expenses when traveling." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "this close working relationship with our clients benefits travelmed usa s local per diem contract staff because it gives them access to immediate real time staffing needs that are more exclusive to other outside agencies ", "what is the federal per diem rate for my area publication 1542 per diem rates provides the rates for all continental u s areas return to top 3 what does per diem cover there is a per diem rate for combined lodging and meal costs and a per diem rate for meal costs alone an employer mayuse either per diem method for reimbursing employee travel expenses a self employed person can only use per diem forthe meal costs return to top 4 ", "a per diem can include part or all of the expenses incurred for example it may exclude accommodation for which reimbursement may be available on presentation of receipts and only cover meals per diem is also used as an adjective and an adverb the per diem committee establishes per diem rates for overseas us areas e g alaska hawaii guam and other non foreign locations and also per diem committee provides world wide per diem rates from gsa for conus and from state department for foreign countries", "the per diem of meals incidental expense m ie allowance must be reduced for all meals provided at a conference training or meeting a copy of the agenda must be attached to the travel expense voucher for per diem rates outside of the country please visit the u s department of state once you have identified the m ie meals and incidentals rate for your area return to the state controller per diem travel page this page on the page below find your m ie rate on the components table to determine the breakdown", "u s pro rata per diem rates can be found at u s general services administration to locate the amount of per diem eligible please follow the gsa link above and follow the below steps choose your travel location on the us map the above link will take you out of the osc website next review the list by city or county once you have identified the m ie meals and incidentals rate for your area return to the state controller per diem travel page this page on the page below find your m ie rate on the components table to determine the breakdown", "per diem breakdown the gsa breaks down business trip per diem rates into two categories the first is lodging and the second is meals and incidental expenses the incidental part of the meals and incidental expenses per diem is $ 5 per day no matter where you travel the daily per diem is further broken down into each meal plus the $ 5 incidental rate tier 1 per diems are $ 7 for breakfast $ 11 for lunch and $ 23 for dinner tier 2 per diems are $ 8 for breakfast $ 12 for lunch and $ 26 for dinner tier 3 provides $ 9 for breakfast $ 13 for lunch and $ 29 for dinner", "2014 per diem rates for federal travelers released gsa to eliminate per diem allocation for conferences today we released the fiscal year fy 2014 travel per diem rates which will take effect on october 1st 2013 each year these rates are set by law for the continental united stat", "april 2007 per diem latin for per day or for each day is a daily allowance for expenses a specific amount of money an organization gives an individual often an employee per day to cover living expenses when traveling for work the per diem committee establishes per diem rates for overseas us areas e g alaska hawaii guam and other non foreign locations and also per diem committee provides world wide per diem rates from gsa for conus and from state department for foreign countries", "meals broken down the daily per diem is further broken down into each meal plus the $ 5 incidental rate tier 1 per diems are $ 7 for breakfast $ 11 for lunch and $ 23 for dinner tier 2 per diems are $ 8 for breakfast $ 12 for lunch and $ 26 for dinner tier 3 provides $ 9 for breakfast $ 13 for lunch and $ 29 for dinner" ], "url": [ "http://www.travelmedusa.com/per_diem", "https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-regs/per_diem_faq_%26_a_v1.pdf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per_diem", "http://www.maine.gov/osc/travel/perdiem.shtml", "http://www.maine.gov/osc/travel/perdiem.shtml", "http://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/average-per-diem-rate-food-business-trip-17325.html", "https://gsablogs.gsa.gov/gsablog/2013/08/30/2014-per-diem-rates-for-federal-travelers-released/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per_diem", "http://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/average-per-diem-rate-food-business-trip-17325.html" ] }

[]

[ "Because he believed that it held too much power without accountability and undermined the rights of state." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The idea continued to be a threat to the American union until the issue was settled in the Civil War which began in 1861. While President Jackson battled the nullifiers, another struggle began. This time, it was Jackson against the Bank of the United States. Congress provided money to establish the Bank of the United States in 1816. It gave the bank a charter to do business for 20 years. The bank was permitted to use the government's money to make loans. ", "Andrew Jackson did not like the National Bank because the bankers would not let poor people borrow money, but they would let wealthy people. (Andrew Jackson was poor.) He thou … ght it was unconstitutional and nothing would get done. 4 people found this useful. J.P. Helm. The Bank of the US was run by the rich people in the Eastern US. It gave preferential treatment to business interests in the East and was not of service to Jackson's people on … the Western frontier.", "Congress reduced the tariff in 1833, defusing the crisis. The Second Bank of the United States was a corporation chartered by Congress to provide a national paper currency and manage the government's finances. Like Thomas Jefferson, Jackson believed such a bank to be dangerous and unconstitutional. In 1832, he vetoed a bill to extend the Bank's charter beyond its scheduled expiration in 1836. Jackson's veto message counterposed the virtuous plain people against the Bank's privileged stockholders. Andrew Jackson, seventh President of the United States, was the dominant actor in American politics between Thomas Jefferson and Abraham Lincoln. Born to obscure parents and orphaned in youth, he was the first self-made man and the first westerner to reach the White House.", "Jackson Vetoes Re-Charter of the Second Bank of the US. Andrew Jackson vetoed the bill re-chartering the Second Bank in July 1832 by arguing that in the form presented to him it was incompatible with “justice,” “sound policy” and the Constitution. Speech on the Bank of the United States veto and its aftermath. Report of a Committee of Directors of the Second Bank of the United States, 1833 (first edition). Political cartoon: A potential Third Bank of the United States provides Jackson and Van Buren an awful affright.", "President Andrew Jackson opposed the Second Bank of the United States because he believed that it held too much power without accountability and undermined the rights of s … tates. Furthermore, it used that power to benefit the old Eastern establishment and shortchanged the farmers on the frontier. The Bank of the US was run by the rich people in the Eastern US. It gave preferential treatment to business interests in the East and was not of service to Jackson's people on … the Western frontier.", "The bank’s charter was unfair, Jackson argued in his veto message, because it gave the bank considerable, almost monopolistic, market power, specifically in the markets that moved financial resources around the country and into and out of other nations. Speech on the Bank of the United States veto and its aftermath. Report of a Committee of Directors of the Second Bank of the United States, 1833 (first edition). Political cartoon: A potential Third Bank of the United States provides Jackson and Van Buren an awful affright.", "Following Jefferson, and contradicting the Supreme Court in McCulloch, Jackson denied the Bank's constitutionality and affirmed his right to judge that question independent of Congress or the courts. Ingeniously, and perversely, he targeted foreign stockholders for special censure. ", "Jackson was not opposed to central banking, per se, but to the Second Bank in particular. No other bill to renew the Bank's charter was presented to Jackson, and so the Second Bank of the United States expired in 1836. Although the Second Bank was not a campaign issue (Biddle actually voted for Jackson), by 1832, four years before the Bank's charter was to expire, political divisions over the Bank had already formed (Ibid). Pro-Bank members of Congress produced a renewal bill for the Bank's charter, but Jackson vetoed it.", "And kill it he did. In 1832, the Bank had to be re-chartered, and because Jackson' … s intentions were known, the Bank became a major election issue. But when the time came, Jackson vetoed the charter and disbanded the bank. The Bank of the US was run by the rich people in the Eastern US. It gave preferential treatment to business interests in the East and was not of service to Jackson's people on … the Western frontier." ], "url": [ "http://www.manythings.org/voa/history/59.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_was_the_bank_unconstitutional_to_Andrew_Jackson", "http://millercenter.org/president/biography/jackson-life-in-brief", "http://www.moaf.org/exhibits/checks_balances/andrew-jackson/broadsheet", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_was_the_bank_unconstitutional_to_Andrew_Jackson", "http://www.moaf.org/exhibits/checks_balances/andrew-jackson/broadsheet", "http://www.neh.gov/humanities/2008/januaryfebruary/feature/king-andrew-and-the-bank", "http://www.let.rug.nl/usa/essays/general/a-brief-history-of-central-banking/second-bank-of-the-united-states-(1816-1836).php", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_was_the_bank_unconstitutional_to_Andrew_Jackson" ] }

[]

[ "Bright meadow" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "I love this name. Well, child actress and former ambassador to (former) Czechoslovakia and an African Country (I forgot the name) is Shirley Temple. -- Lakota_so_italian 1/14/2006. Anne Shirley = Anne of Green Gables is a fictional famous bearer, who named one of her daughters Shirley. Laverne and Shirley was the name of a sitcom in the '70's. It was a spin-off of Happy Days.. -- breakofday 12/16/2005. Dame Shirley Bassey is a Welsh-born singer, perhaps best-known for performing the theme songs to the James Bond films Goldfinger (1964), Diamonds Are Forever (1971), and Moonraker (1979).", "Shirley /shir-ley/ [2 sylls.] as a girls' name is pronounced SURE-lee. It is of Old English origin, and the meaning of Shirley is bright meadow . Place name. Made famous by child actress and American ambassador Shirley Temple-Black. Actress Shirley MacLaine; politician Shirley Chisholm; novelist Shirley Hazzard. ", "Meaning of Shirley. English name. In English, the name Shirley means-bright meadow.The name Shirley originated as an English name. The name Shirley is most often used as a girl name or female name. English Name Meaning-bright meadow. Origin-England. ", "View the Sherly Name Popularity Page to see how the popularity trend for Sherly has changed since 1880, or to compare the popularity of Sherly to other names. Sherly is a variant spelling of Shirley. Sherly falls into the flower name category. ", "View the Shirley Name Popularity Page to see how the popularity trend for Shirley has changed since 1880, or to compare the popularity of Shirley to other names. Variants of the name Shirley include Sherily, Sherl, Sherle, Sherlee, Sherleen, Sherlene, Sherley, Sherli, Sherlie, Sherline, Sherly, Shirlee. ", "Here is the characteristics of Shirley in details. advertisements. Meaning of the name Shirley, analysis of the name Shirley and so much more… What does Shirley mean and its numerology, definition, origin, popularity and very interesting information. Please use the menu below. Quick Menu. 1 Information About The Name Shirley. 2 Prononciation Of Shirley. ", "See other adorable names for boys and girls. Popularity. See worldwide popularity rankings of Shirley as a baby name (outside USA). As a baby girl name, Shirley is currently a popular baby name, with a recent overall USA popularity ranking of 871 out of 1000 (source: 2000s U.S. Census) .", "This unusual surname is of Anglo-Saxon origin, and is a locational name from any of the various places called Shirley in Derbyshire, Hampshire, Surrey and the West Midlands. The placename derives from the Olde English pre 7th Century scir, meaning bright, plus leah, wood, clearing. ", "Meaning of the name-Shirley. Tweet. English Name: Shirley. Hebrew Name: שִׁירְלִי. Meaning: The meaning will be updated soon. For information in Hebrew, click here. The meaning will be updated soon. ", "Meaning of name Shirley. Etymology: From a surname which was originally derived from a place name meaning bright clearing in Old English. Saint : Origin: English. " ], "url": [ "http://www.behindthename.com/name/shirley/comments", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Shirley", "http://www.meaning-of-names.com/english-names/shirley.asp", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Sherly.html", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Shirley.html", "http://www.whatisthemeaningofname.com/what-is-the-meaning-of-the-name-shirley-24910/", "http://www.quickbabynames.com/meaning-of-Shirley.html", "http://www.surnamedb.com/Surname/Shirley", "http://www.allhebrewnames.com/hebnames/en/name_details.seam?nameID=313", "http://www.first-names-meanings.com/names/name-SHIRLEY.html" ] }

[]

[ "60 to 90 days." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "the short answer is it depends many factors determine how long a foreclosure takes in florida this answer may be different depending on which county the lender filed the foreclosure suit and the steps you take within the first 20 days of being served", "by ignoring them if you will probably make the foreclosure process happen even faster how long does foreclosure take with a judicial foreclosure with a judicial foreclosure you will be served a complaint notice if you are more than 60 to 90 days late also hearing will be scheduled at this time at the hearing the judge will decide whether or not the foreclosure can proceed", "states that have a nonjudicial foreclosure can usually complete the foreclosure process in 3 to 6 months if you have a payment that is due on 1 september most mortgages companies will give you a 15 day grace period this means that your payment has to be in by september 15 or you will be charged with a late fee", "the following states currently take an exceptionally long time to complete the foreclosure process as of the first quarter of 2014 new jersey has the longest timeline coming in at 1103 days just over three years" ], "url": [ "http://www.attorneyowens.com/foreclosure/how-long-does-foreclosure-take-in-florida", "http://www.howlongdoes.com/money/how-long-does-foreclosure-take/", "http://www.howlongdoes.com/money/how-long-does-foreclosure-take/", "http://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/states-with-long-foreclosure-timelines.html" ] }

[]

[ "It was a feature of dozens of statutes enacted by the United States federal government between approximately 1930 and 1980, until held unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1983." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In the case of representative governments that divide their executive and legislative functions, legislative veto refers to the power of a legislature, or one house of a bicameral legislature, to nullify an action of the executive authority. In the case of monarchy, legislative veto describes the right of the ruler to nullify the actions of a legislative body, for example, the French monarch's claim to the right to veto actions of the National Assembly at the start of the French Revolution.", "The legislative veto describes features of at least two different forms of government, monarchies and those based on the separation of powers, applied to the authority of the monarch in the first and to the authority of the legislature in the second. In the case of monarchy, legislative veto describes the right of the ruler to nullify the actions of a legislative body, for example, the French monarch's claim to the right to veto actions of the National Assembly at the start of the French Revolution.", "The legislative veto was a feature of dozens of statutes enacted by the United States federal government between approximately 1930 and 1980, until held unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1983. The legislative veto provision found in federal legislation took several forms. Some laws established a veto procedure that required a simple resolution passed by a majority vote of one chamber of Congress. Other laws required a concurrent resolution passed by both the House and the Senate.", "In administrative law, a provision that allows a congressional resolution (passed by a majority of congress, but not signed by the President) to nullify a rulemaking or other action taken by an executive agency. At one time, legislative veto provisions were relatively common, and went along with many congressional delegations of power to administrative agencies (e.g. congress would give the INS power to regulate immigration, but retain the power to overrule any of their decisions by legislative veto).", "Legislative veto. The legislative veto describes features of at least two different forms of government, monarchies and those based on the separation of powers, applied to the authority of the monarch in the first and to the authority of the legislature in the second. In the case of monarchy, legislative veto describes the right of the ruler to nullify the actions of a legislative body, for example, the French monarch's claim to the right to veto actions of the National Assembly at the start of the French Revolution.", "exists and is an alternate of. Merge this question into. Split and merge into it. Answer by Jim.10. Confidence votes 13. A legislative veto is an oversight tool of Congress. It requires that an executive agency have the approval of Congress before it takes a specified action. The US Supreme Court ruled in 1982 that one-house legislative vetoes were unconstitutional. ", "Report Abuse. A legislative veto exists in governments that separate executive (branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the state) and legislative (known by many names, the most common are parliament and congress) functions if actions by the executive can be rejected by the legislative. The legislative veto or congressional veto was first developed in context of the delegation to the Executive of power to reorganize governmental agencies and was first authorized by the Reorganization Act of 1939.", "Federal government [edit]. The legislative veto was first developed in context of the delegation to the president to reorganize governmental agencies and was first authorized by the Legislative Appropriations Act in 1932. The legislative veto provision found in federal legislation took several forms. Some laws established a veto procedure that required a simple resolution passed by a majority vote of one chamber of Congress. Other laws required a concurrent resolution passed by both the House and the Senate.", "Article I, section 7 of the Constitution grants the President the authority to veto legislation passed by Congress. This authority is one of the most significant tools the President can employ to prevent the passage of legislation. The regular veto is a qualified negative veto. The President returns the unsigned legislation to the originating house of Congress within a 10 day period usually with a memorandum of disapproval or a “veto message.” Congress can override the President’s decision if it musters the necessary two–thirds vote of each house." ], "url": [ "http://www.definitions.net/definition/Legislative%20veto", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legislative_veto", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legislative_veto_in_the_United_States", "https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/legislative_veto", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/Legislative%20veto", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_definition_of_a_legislative_veto", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070306184730AAHSjQQ", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legislative_veto_in_the_United_States", "http://history.house.gov/Institution/Presidential-Vetoes/Presidential-Vetoes/" ] }

[]

[ "A concept of consistency of actions, values, methods, measures, principles, expectations, and outcomes." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "I also believe that integrity is the ability to not judge someone else because of their beliefs. I may disagree with you, we can discuss it with civility, and as long as you can respect my beliefs we can be friends and have a beer. If you can't respect me and discuss it with civility, then we's a fighting.", "The Wikipedia page about integrity is useful here. It defines the word this way: a concept of consistency of actions, values, methods, measures, principles, expectations, and outcomes. In ethics, integrity is regarded as the honesty and truthfulness or accuracy of one's actions.", "My Personal definition / opinion of integrity is what insight my moral character consists of being. Honesty, Standing by the principles I believe in. Ethically that guide my actions as leading a Christian life essential and a sound conscience of the thoughts that make up my everyday decisions in life.", "This is an example of how and organization can exercise integrity. It is important to note that a set of core values at an organization is a set of values that everyone can agree upon and rally behind. Make sure you research your department and know the core values and the mission statement.", "Best Answer: Integrity. . One of the words they pretended to teach us in the Army. Integrity to me is not only having a belief, not only having principals, but being able to voice them and face opposition, and fighting for your beliefs.", "Integrity is something that you have through the choices you make. It means always doing what your inner voice tells you is right....even when you can rationalize a thousand other reasons, for doing the opposite.", "Definition: Integrity is one of the fundamental values that employers seek in the employees that they hire. It is the hallmark of a person who demonstrates sound moral and ethical principles at work. A person who has integrity lives his or her values in relationships with coworkers, customers, and stakeholders.", "It is the mission of the University of Oklahoma to create an academic culture that fosters student integrity both in and out of the classroom. Resources found throughout this website can help you to understand this mission, as well as guide you through the academic integrity system." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20060620152813AA0CfaI", "http://english.stackexchange.com/questions/41001/integrity-vs-honesty-whats-the-difference", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080115210842AAsNbMY", "http://www.medpreps.com/job-interviews/how-do-you-define-integrity/", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20060620152813AA0CfaI", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20060620152813AA0CfaI", "http://humanresources.about.com/od/Trust/g/what-is-integrity.htm", "http://integrity.ou.edu/students.html" ] }

[]

[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Because nickel does not easily oxidize, or rust, the metal was adapted as an electroplating material in the 1850s. Electroplating is a process in which metal ions in a chemical solution are attracted to a solid metal electrode. As the ions bind to the surface of the metal they form a uniform, thin coating. The world's 24th most abundant element, nickel is a transition metal, meaning it occupies the middle of the periodic table of elements. This indicates it has chemical properties that enable it to form multiple chemical compounds, some of which are toxic.", "Vegetables usually contain more nickel than do other food items; high levels have been found in legumes, spinach, lettuce and nuts. Certain products, such as baking powder and cocoa powder, have been found to contain excessive amounts of nickel, perhaps related to nickel leaching during the manufacturing process. ", "If intra-oral signs and symptoms are present and a diagnosis of nickel hypersensitivity is established, the nickel titanium archwire should be removed and replaced with a stainless steel archwire which is low in nickel content or preferably a titanium molybdenum alloy (TMA), which does not contain nickel. Extraoral orthodontic appliances such as the outer bows of headgears contain nickel and may also elicit a response on the skin. The sensitisation and allergy to nickel is an increasing concern in orthodontics, especially with the increased prevalence of nickel containing jewellery and oral piercings.", "If it is guaranteed by the supplier to be free of nickel, you can enjoy it for years to come. Surgical Stainless Steel. Although Surgical Stainless Steel does not cause a reaction in many people, it does in fact contain 8% to 12% nickel. This nickel is chemically bound to the other metal that is there, so that, in theory, it does not leech out into the skin. You may or may not have any problems with wearing Surgical Stainless Steel. ", "Jalapeno peppers nutrition facts. Jalapeno peppers are one of the favored varieties of chili peppers used in the North American cuisine, especially in the Southern states, where Tex-Mex cuisine is popular. Just as in other chili peppers, jalapenos too originated in the Mexico. Safety profile. As in other hot chili peppers, jalapenos too contain an active component in them, capsaicin, which gives strong spicy pungent character. Even a few bits may cause severe irritation and fiery sensation in mouth, tongue, and throat.", "Like other peppers, jalapenos are a rich source of vitamin C, with almost 17 milligrams in a small pepper. That is equal to 18 percent of the recommended daily allowance for men and 23 percent for women. ", "Avoid jewelry with nickel, as well as cobalt and white gold, which may contain nickel and trigger allergic reactions. Surgical-grade stainless steel may contain some nickel, but it's generally considered hypoallergenic for most people. Get rid of jewelry that contains nickel or has caused an allergic reaction. ", "There are also vitamins and minerals in one serving of jalapenos jalapeños including14 % of the daily requirement Of Vitamin, a66 % Vitamin, c1 % calcium and4 %. Iron red peppers contain lycopene and have been shown to reduce the risk for certain types of. cancers One cup of sliced raw jalapenos jalapeños is considered to be a serving and contains only 27, calories mostly from carbohydrates and some. Protein there are also vitamins and minerals in one serving of jalapenos jalapeñosincluding 14 % of the daily Requirement Of, vitamina 66 %, vitaminc 1 % calciumand 4. % iron", "The most commonly used orthodontic brackets that do not contain nickel include ceramic brackets produced using polycrystalline alumina, single-crystal sapphire, and zirconia. Other nickel-free alternative brackets include polycarbonate brackets made from plastic polymers, titanium brackets and gold brackets. Extraoral orthodontic appliances such as the outer bows of headgears contain nickel and may also elicit a response on the skin. The sensitisation and allergy to nickel is an increasing concern in orthodontics, especially with the increased prevalence of nickel containing jewellery and oral piercings." ], "url": [ "http://www.dartmouth.edu/~toxmetal/toxic-metals/more-metals/nickel-faq.html", "http://whatallergy.com/2013-06/good-and-bad-food-for-a-nickel-allergy", "http://www.nature.com/bdj/journal/v204/n6/full/bdj.2008.198.html", "http://www.naturallynickelfree.com/NaturallyNickelFree-handmade_jewelry_for_sensitive_skin/Metals_Info.html", "http://www.nutrition-and-you.com/jalapeno-peppers.html", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/health-benefits-jalapeno-peppers-4880.html", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nickel-allergy/basics/prevention/CON-20027616", "http://fsi.colostate.edu/jalapeno-peppers/", "http://www.nature.com/bdj/journal/v204/n6/full/bdj.2008.198.html" ] }

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[ "Radium is a chemical element with symbol Ra and atomic number 88. It is the sixth element in group 2 of the periodic table, also known as the alkaline earth metals.", "Radium is a chemical element with symbol Ra and atomic number 88. It is the sixth element in group 2 of the periodic table, also known as the alkaline earth metals.l" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Radium (Ra) is a naturally occurring radioactive element that is present in varying amounts in rocks and soil within the earth’s crust. Small amounts of radium also can be found in groundwater supplies. Radium can be present in several forms, called isotopes. ", "Radium is a highly radioactive chemical element classified among the alkaline earth metals of the periodic table of elements. This element has several research uses, and historically it was used in a wide range of industries. Radium has an atomic number of 88, and it is identified with the symbol Ra on the periodic table of elements. Radium was previously used commercially, creating opportunities for accidental exposure. Antique watches may contain radium.", "Radium was discovered in 1898 by Marie and Pierre Curie in pitchblende (or uraninite) from North Bohemia. The element was isolated in 1911 by Mme. Curie and Debierne by the electrolysis of a solution of pure radium chloride, employing a mercury cathode. ", "History. Radium was discovered in 1898 by Madame Curie in the pitchblende or uraninite of North Bohemia, where it occurs. There is about 1 g of radium in 7 tons of pitchblende. The element was isolated in 1911 by Mme. ", "History and Uses: Radium was discovered by Marie Sklodowska Curie, a Polish chemist, and Pierre Curie, a French chemist, in 1898. Marie Curie obtained radium from pitchblende, a material that contains uranium, after noticing that unrefined pitchblende was more radioactive than the uranium that was separated from it. Radium's most stable isotope, radium-226, has a half-life of about 1600 years. It decays into radon -222 through alpha decay or into lead -212 by ejecting a carbon -14 nucleus. The Curie, a unit used to describe the activity of a radioactive substance, is based on radium-226.", "Discovery of Radium. Radium was discovered in 1898 in Paris, by Marie S. Curie and her husband Pierre in pitchblende (mainly uranium dioxide, UO 2). If pitchblende contains 50 percent uranium oxides, about eight tons of it is needed to extract 1 gram of radium. ", "Radium, in the form of radium chloride, was discovered by Marie Curie and Pierre Curie in 1898. They extracted the radium compound from uraninite and published the discovery at the French Academy of Sciences five days later. All isotopes of radium are highly radioactive, with the most stable isotope being radium-226, which has a half-life of 1600 years and decays into radon gas. When radium decays, ionizing radiation is a product, which can excite fluorescent chemicals and cause radioluminescence", "Radium is a chemical element with symbol Ra and atomic number 88. It is the sixth element in group 2 of the periodic table, also known as the alkaline earth metals. All isotopes of radium are highly radioactive, with the most stable isotope being radium-226, which has a half-life of 1600 years and decays into radon gas. When radium decays, ionizing radiation is a product, which can excite fluorescent chemicals and cause radioluminescence", "Radium is Latin for radius, or ray. The element was discovered in 1898 by Marie and Pierre Curie in North Bohemia, where it occurs naturally in the pitchblende or uranite. It was first isolate by Marie Curie through the electrolysis of a radium chloride solution, using a mercury cathode. " ], "url": [ "http://www.idph.state.il.us/envhealth/factsheets/radium.htm", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-radium.htm", "http://www.webelements.com/radium/", "http://periodic.lanl.gov/88.shtml", "http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele088.html", "http://www.chemicool.com/elements/radium.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radium", "http://www.chemistry.pomona.edu/Chemistry/periodic_table/Elements/Radium/radium.htm" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The author-date citation in the text must correspond exactly to its full citation in the reference list. 1 Basic form. 2 Include the author's last name and year of publication. 3 Two authors with the same last name. 4 Add a first initial to distinguish between the two. 5 Citation of a specific page or section.", "Notes and bibliography (NB) in Chicago style. The Chicago NB system is often used in the humanities and provides writers with a system for referencing their sources through footnote or endnote citation in their writing and through bibliography pages.", "Notes and Bibliography: Sample Citations. The following examples illustrate citations using the notes and bibliography system. Examples of notes are followed by shortened versions of citations to the same source. For more details and many more examples, see chapter 14 of The Chicago Manual of Style. For examples of the same citations using the author-date system, click on the Author-Date tab above.", "Author-Date: Sample Citations. The following examples illustrate citations using the author-date system. Each example of a reference list entry is accompanied by an example of a corresponding parenthetical citation in the text. For more details and many more examples, see chapter 15 of The Chicago Manual of Style.", "How to reference a Website using the Chicago Manual of Style. The most basic entry for a website consists of the author name(s), page title, website title, web address, and date accessed. Last Name, First Name. “Page Title.” Website Title. Web Address (retrieved Date Accessed)." ], "url": [ "http://www.lib.umd.edu/tl/guides/citing-chicago-ad", "https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/717/01/", "http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html", "http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html", "http://www.bibme.org/citation-guide/chicago/website" ] }

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[ "Service animals may also be referred to as assistance animals, assist animals, support animals, or helper animals depending on the country and the animal's function,Dogs are the most common service animals, assisting people in many different ways since at least 1927." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Service animals may also be referred to as assistance animals, assist animals, support animals, or helper animals depending on the country and the animal's function. Dogs are the most common service animals, assisting people in many different ways since at least 1927. Other animals such as monkeys, birds, and horses have also been documented. In places of public accommodation in the United States, only dogs (and in some cases miniature horses) are legally considered service animals. It is also legal to train your own service animal in the United States.", "The only animals allowed to serve as service animals are any breed of dog and, in some cases, miniature horses. With respect to Emotional Support Animals, there are no species or breed restictions. Consequently, cats, rabbits, miniature pigs, ferrets, birds, etc. may be ESAs. Other species of animals, whether wild or domestic, trained or untrained, are not service animals for the purposes of this definition. The work or tasks performed by a service animal must be directly related to the handler's disability.", "The law recently to allow dogs only as service animals in March 2011. No birds. Key changes include the following: 1. Only dogs will be recognized as service animals. A company called Avian Fashions is selling attire for birds that identifies them as Service Animals. I wondered if a bird wearing this type of outfit could go anywhere with their owner.", "Not as a seizure alert service animal. Dogs are used by people with epilepsy for a special task: to warn when a seizure is about to come on. Dogs have an amazing sense of smell, and are able to detect chemicals on or in the body's makeup that makes note of when a person is about to have a seizure. Off hand, I can't think of anything useful a bird could do for a person with a seizure disorder, and I have a seizure disorder, an alert/response dog, and train service dogs. Birds are also impractical for public access work because they are so fragile.", "Best Answer: No, a bird cannot legally be a service animal. You could put any kind of outfit or attire on it, have a warehouse of phony service animal certificates for it and hang tons of Avian Fashions service animal tags around its neck....and it would still never be a legitimate or legal service animal. A company called Avian Fashions is selling attire for birds that identifies them as Service Animals. I wondered if a bird wearing this type of outfit could go anywhere with their owner.", "So why do we continue to see a growing number of pets, dogs, cats, birds, and other species, decked out in service animal costumes with their pet parent quick to flash a service animal ID card? There is no government certification for service dogs, and owners aren't required to carry proof of a service dog's training. ", "Service animals are animals that have been trained to perform tasks that assist people with disabilities. In places of public accommodation in the United States, only dogs (and in some cases miniature horses) are legally considered service animals. It is also legal to train your own service animal in the United States.", "A company called Avian Fashions is selling attire for birds that identifies them as Service Animals. I wondered if a bird wearing... show more Although I knew birds could be Emotional Support Animals, I did not think they could qualify as Service Animals. I thought only dogs could qualify as Service Animals. A company called Avian Fashions is selling attire for birds that identifies them as Service Animals. I wondered if a bird wearing this type of outfit could go anywhere with their owner.", "Communicating with others is another aspect of mental health that a parrot service animal can help. Often, it is hard for a person to express emotions appropriately. A parrot, still acting as a focus, can help keep the client from excited outbursts of anger, mania and more. Does anyone under ADA, have the right to claim that the bird is a service animal without first notifing the employer or this need. Can a bird be use when needed as the person sees fit or will the person truly become dependnat in all aspects of life. How does an employer, during an interview find this type of need." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_animal", "http://www.nsarco.com/faq.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20110512094111AAs7aux", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090420020251AAcWxjd", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20110512094111AAs7aux", "http://www.embracepetinsurance.com/other-topics/cats-as-service-animals", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_animal", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20110512094111AAs7aux", "http://aunaturalbirdnotes.blogspot.com/2008/08/of-pampered-parrot-rescue-and-parrot.html" ] }

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[ "Integrity is the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "If you behave consistently and use moral principles, reliability, and trustworthiness as your guiding lights, you can rightfully be described as a person of integrity. It is a description that is earned, and one that should be prized. If you have it, guard and nurture it. ", "Integrity -noun 1. adherence to moral and ethical principles; soundness of moral character; honesty. 2. the state of being whole, entire, or undiminished … : to preserve the integrity of the empire. \\Keeping your integrity would be keeping your good name or maintaining your respectable character. Integrity - 1:soundness 2:adherence to a code of values: utter sincerity, honesty, and candor 3:completeness. Answer 2.", "Full Definition of INTEGRITY. 1. : firm adherence to a code of especially moral or artistic values: incorruptibility. 2. : an unimpaired condition: soundness. 3. : the quality or state of being complete or undivided: completeness. See integrity defined for English-language learners. See integrity defined for kids. ", "Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: To have integrity means that you do the right thing, make the right choices, without anyone watching. :) Basically it means being a genuine good person who doesn't need to succumb to peer pressure and make bad choices or be a jerk. ", "Integrity. Integrity is a concept of consistency of actions, values, methods, measures, principles, expectations, and outcomes. In ethics, integrity is regarded as the honesty and truthfulness or accuracy of one's actions.", "For other uses, see Integrity (disambiguation) . Integrity is the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles; moral uprightness. It is generally a personal choice to uphold oneself to consistent moral and ethical standards. In ethics, integrity is regarded by many people as the honesty and truthfulness or accuracy of one's actions. The word integrity evolved from the Latin adjective integer, meaning whole or complete. In this context, integrity is the inner sense of wholeness deriving from qualities such as honesty and consistency of character.", "Academic integrity essentially means intellectual honesty: honesty in the use of information, in formulating arguments, and in other activities related to the pursuit of knowledge and understanding. ", "Mr Carter's notion of integrity agrees with Islamic teachings, which commands us to do what's right and be proud of it. Having integrity is an important part of our religion. The Arabic word for integrity, nazahah, means doing the right thing regardless of the situation. People who hold this characteristic abstain from doing wicked acts. Integrity is a concept that should be included in every part of our lives", "Answer 1. \\Keeping your integrity would be keeping your good name or maintaining your respectable character. Integrity - 1:soundness 2:adherence to a code of values: utter sincerity, honesty, and candor 3:completeness. Answer 2. Integrity means: 1. Strict adherence to a moral code, reflected in transparent honesty and complete harmony in what one thinks, says, and does" ], "url": [ "http://www.geraldgillis.com/what-does-integrity-mean-to-you/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_%27integrity%27_mean", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/integrity", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20110824220312AA2pU0c", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/integrity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrity", "http://www.american.edu/academics/integrity/", "http://www.thenational.ae/thenationalconversation/news-comment/the-definition-of-integrity-is-important-in-education", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_%27integrity%27_mean" ] }

[]

[ "El Giza, Egypt." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Great Pyramid of Giza (also known as the Pyramid of Khufu or the Pyramid of Cheops) is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza Necropolis bordering what is now El Giza, Egypt. It is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only one to remain largely intact. The Great Pyramid is surrounded by a complex of several buildings including small pyramids. The Pyramid Temple, which stood on the east side of the pyramid and measured 52.2 metres (171 ft) north to south and 40 metres (130 ft) east to west, has almost entirely disappeared apart from the black basalt paving.", "Khufu’s son, Khafre (also known as Chephren). His pyramid, on a nearby site at Giza, appears taller than his father’s, but this is an illu¬sion; it is built on higher ground and was in fact, origi¬nally at 447 .5 feet (136.4 m), 33.5 feet (10.2 m) shorter than the Great Pyramid.", "Khufu, son of Snefru and second ruler of the 4th dynasty (time line) moved the royal necropolis to Giza, north of modern-day Cairo. According to ancient Greek historian Herodotus, Khufu (aka Cheops) enslaved his people to build his pyramid. On the Giza Plateau, Khufu's builders oriented his pyramid almost perfectly north. The largest pyramid ever built, it incorporates about 2.3 million stone blocks, weighing an average of 2.5 to 15 tons each. It is estimated that the workers would have had to set a block every two and a half minutes.", "The largest of the three pyramids at Giza, known as the Great Pyramid, is truly an astonishing work of engineering. It was built over a twenty year period. Some believe that it was built by slaves, but this is not true. His pyramid, on a nearby site at Giza, appears taller than his father’s, but this is an illu¬sion; it is built on higher ground and was in fact, origi¬nally at 447 .5 feet (136.4 m), 33.5 feet (10.2 m) shorter than the Great Pyramid.", "Standing at the base of the Great Pyramid, it is hard to imagine that this monument—which remained the tallest building in the world until early in this century—was built in just under 30 years. It presides over the plateau of Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo, and is the last survivor of the Seven Wonders of the World. ", "Back to Site List. Giza is located west and south of modern Cairo, in the vast desert imagined by the ancient Egyptians to be the land of the dead. Guarded by the Great Sphinx, the plateau is dominated by the massive pyramids of Khufu (Gr. Cheops), Khafre (Gr. Chephren), and Menkaure (Gr. Mycerinus), all of whom ruled Egypt during the 4th Dynasty (c. 2500 BC).", "The united passageway then leads to the burial chamber. The Pyramid of Menkaure: Khafre's son, Menkaure, built the smallest of the 3 main Pyramids on the Giza Plateau. This one was only a mere 65.5m (215ft) tall, nowadays 62m (203ft), with sides of only 105m (344ft) and an angle of 51.3 degrees. ", "1 Khufu’s pyramid, known as the great pyramid of Giza, is the oldest and largest, rising at 481 feet (146 meters). 2 Archaeologists say it was the tallest structure in the world for about 3, 800 years. 3 The relationship between Pi (p) and Phi (F) is expressed in the fundamental proportions of the Great Pyramid. 1 The curvature designed into the faces of the pyramid exactly matches the radius of the earth. 2 Khufu’s pyramid, known as the great pyramid of Giza, is the oldest and largest, rising at 481 feet (146 meters). 3", "The Great Pyramid of Giza stands on the northern edge of the Giza Plateau, located about 10 miles west of Cairo. It is composed of over 2 ½ million blocks of limestone, which weigh from 2 to 70 tons each. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Pyramid_of_Giza", "http://discoveringegypt.com/pyramids-temples-of-egypt/pyramids-of-giza/", "http://www.nationalgeographic.com/pyramids/khufu.html", "http://discoveringegypt.com/pyramids-temples-of-egypt/pyramids-of-giza/", "http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/pyramid/explore/gizahistory.html", "http://www.sca-egypt.org/eng/SITE_GIZA_MP.htm", "http://www.ask-aladdin.com/Pyramids-of-Egypt/pyramids-of-giza.htm", "http://www.ancient-code.com/25-facts-about-the-great-pyramid-of-giza/", "http://www.gizapyramid.com/overview.htm" ] }

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[ "Three months" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "For example, if you're eligible for Medicare when you turn 65, you can sign up during the 7-month period that begins 3 months before the month you turn 65, includes the month you turn 65, and ends 3 months after the month you turn 65. Example. For example, if you're eligible for Medicare when you turn 65, you can sign up during the 7-month period that begins 3 months before the month you turn 65, includes the month you turn 65, and ends 3 months after the month you turn 65. Note.", "When you apply for Social Security benefits you should not apply any sooner than 4 months prior to when you want your retirement benefits to begin. If you are planning to retire at the age of 62, you cannot apply for benefits before you are the age of 61 years and 9 months old. If you are not planning to retire, but have reached the age of 65, you should apply for your Medicare benefits immediately. ", "If you do not live in the U.S. or one of its territories you can also-Contact the nearest U.S. Social Security office, U.S. Embassy or consulate. Reminders: 1 You must be at least 61 years and 9 months old to apply for retirement benefits. 2 If you are already age 62, you may be able to start your benefits in the month you apply. 3 You should apply for benefits no more than four months before the date you want your benefits to start. 1 If you are not getting Social Security and you are not ready to retire, you should still use our online retirement benefit application to sign up for just Medicare three months before your 65th birthday.", "Be aware that Social Security pays a month behind — if you're entitled to a benefit for the month of March, it's paid to you in April. And if you want to start retirement benefits at the earliest possible age, 62, the first payment will arrive two months after the month of your birthday. For example, if your birthday is Feb. 15, your first month of entitlement for benefits will be March, and your first payment will arrive in April. December 27, 2013. En espanol | Español apply three months before you want to start. Collecting be aware That Social security pays a month — behind if'you re entitled to a benefit for the month Of, march'it s paid to you In. april", "In the year you reach your full retirement age, you can earn up to $37,680 between January and your birthday without penalty. Above that amount, your Social Security check will be reduced by about 33 cents for every dollar earned. About 54 percent of current 61-year-olds didn't know that you need to apply 3 months in advance of receiving your first payment, Fidelity found, and 7 percent erroneously believed that the Social Security Administration would contact them to set up payments.", "Social Security recipients younger than their full retirement age who continue to work can earn up to $14,160 without penalty in 2009. (For baby boomers turning 62 in 2009, the full retirement age is 66.) If a worker earns above that amount, he or she will lose 50 cents of every benefit dollar. About 54 percent of current 61-year-olds didn't know that you need to apply 3 months in advance of receiving your first payment, Fidelity found, and 7 percent erroneously believed that the Social Security Administration would contact them to set up payments.", "For more information, go to Applying Online for Retirement Benefits. You can also apply: 1 By phone-Call us at 1-800-772-1213 (TTY 1-800-325-0778), Monday through Friday from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. or. 2 In person-Visit your local Social Security Office. You should apply for retirement benefits three months before you want your payments to start. The easiest and most convenient way to apply for retirement benefits is by using our online application. Apply for Retirement Benefits. We may need to see certain documents in order to pay benefits.", "1 You must be at least 61 years and 9 months old to apply for retirement benefits. 2 If you are already age 62, you may be able to start your benefits in the month you apply. 3 You should apply for benefits no more than four months before the date you want your benefits to start. 1 If you are not getting Social Security and you are not ready to retire, you should still use our online retirement benefit application to sign up for just Medicare three months before your 65th birthday.", "A. You can. Social Security will accept your application for early benefits when you're 61 years 9 months. Regardless of how old you are, the agency generally recommends that you apply three months before you would like the first payment to arrive. See also: How to apply for Social Security benefits online. But I'm afraid that even if you apply in advance with all your paperwork in order, you can't expect to get a check right after your birthday. Community: Share your fears about Social Security.", "If you are already receiving Social Security benefits, you will be automatically enrolled in Medicare. After you receive your Medicare card, you can choose your path (Original Medicare or Medicare Advantage), find the right plan(s), and sign up for coverage. " ], "url": [ "https://www.medicare.gov/sign-up-change-plans/get-parts-a-and-b/when-sign-up-parts-a-and-b/when-sign-up-parts-a-and-b.html", "http://www.todaysseniors.com/wp/social-security/how-far-in-advance-should-you-apply-for-social-security-benefits/", "https://www.ssa.gov/planners/retire/applying8.html", "http://www.aarp.org/work/social-security/question-and-answer/how-far-in-advance-should-i-sign-up-for-social-security.html", "http://money.usnews.com/money/retirement/articles/2008/10/31/answers-to-the-social-security-quiz-", "http://money.usnews.com/money/retirement/articles/2008/10/31/answers-to-the-social-security-quiz-", "https://faq.ssa.gov/link/portal/34011/34019/Article/3734/How-do-I-apply-for-Social-Security-retirement-benefits", "https://www.ssa.gov/planners/retire/applying8.html", "http://www.aarp.org/work/social-security/info-07-2012/when-can-i-apply-social-security-benefits.html", "https://www.mymedicareanswers.com/thread/1423" ] }

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[ "Once you have submitted the form, the financial institution will automatically transfer the money." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Reminder: IRS Form 8606 must be filed for any tax years that you distribute assets from your Traditional IRA if any of your Traditional IRA balances include non-deductible contributions. IRS Form 8606 is used to help you determine the taxable portion of your distribution or conversion. When your Traditional IRA balance consists of deductible and non-deductible contributions, any amount distributed or converted from the Traditional IRA is pro-rated to include a taxable and non-taxable portion of the assets. You may figure the taxable amount by using the following formula: (Total Deductible Contribution/Total IRA Balance) x Distribution/Conversion Amount = Non-Taxable Amount. Let's say you have non-deductible contributions of $8,000 in a Traditional IRA that have grown to $100,000. The taxable amount would be:", "If this is the case, then you can convert your entire Non-deductible IRA to a Roth IRA, and you'll only have to pay tax on the earnings portion. For example, Susan Smith is in a 30% tax bracket this year and she only has one IRA worth $100,000. At a 30% tax rate, she would owe $3,000 in tax to convert the entire $100,000 to Roth. If Smith had no earnings in this IRA, the entire $100,000 (all non-deductible contributions) could be converted with no tax liability.", "Since you never received a tax deduction for these contributions, these non-deductible contribution amounts are not taxed when withdrawn from the IRA account and they are commonly known as basis.. Converting IRAs to Roth IRA. In 2010, Congress eliminated the $100,000 income limit on Roth IRA conversions. At a 30% tax rate, she would owe $3,000 in tax to convert the entire $100,000 to Roth. If Smith had no earnings in this IRA, the entire $100,000 (all non-deductible contributions) could be converted with no tax liability.", "Instructions. Request a conversion from your traditional IRA containing non-deductible contributions to your Roth IRA by completing the Roth IRA conversion form available from your financial institution. Once you have submitted the form, the financial institution will automatically transfer the money. ", "Deductible vs. nondeductible IRA contributions. In 2013, the maximum you can contribute to all of your traditional and Roth IRAs is the lesser of (a) $5,500 or (b) your taxable compensation for the year. If you're 50 or older, the limit is $6,500. You can make contributions to a traditional IRA until age 70-1/2. ", "The IRA consists of $90,000 in non-deductible contributions and $10,000 in earnings. If she decides to convert the entire IRA to Roth, she would only have to pay tax on the earnings portion ($10,000). At a 30% tax rate, she would owe $3,000 in tax to convert the entire $100,000 to Roth. If Smith had no earnings in this IRA, the entire $100,000 (all non-deductible contributions) could be converted with no tax liability.", "You can convert the contributions to a Roth IRA; however, a portion of the amount you convert to the Roth will be subject to income tax. When your Traditional IRA balance consists of deductible and non-deductible contributions, any amount distributed or converted from the Traditional IRA is pro-rated to include a taxable and non-taxable portion of the assets. You may figure the taxable amount by using the following formula: (Total Deductible Contribution/Total IRA Balance) x Distribution/Conversion Amount = Non-Taxable Amount. Let's say you have non-deductible contributions of $8,000 in a Traditional IRA that have grown to $100,000. The taxable amount would be:", "If you decide to convert all $30,000 of your IRA money, then $15,000 (the amount you contributed to the non-deductible IRA on an after-tax basis) would not be taxable since you’ve already paid the tax on that money. ", "For example, if 5% of your non-Roth IRA are non-deductible contributions, then 5% of the conversion amount must be non-deductible contributions, and the rest must come from the deductible contributions, including earnings and rollover contributions. When you make non-deductible contributions to a traditional IRA, you'll have the basis, the amount of non-deductible contributions, reported on Form 8606. When you convert a part or all of your traditional IRA to a Roth IRA, the conversion amount must contain the non-deductible portion proportionally." ], "url": [ "http://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/197.asp", "http://www.investopedia.com/articles/pf/12/roth-ira.asp", "http://www.investopedia.com/articles/pf/12/roth-ira.asp", "http://www.ehow.com/how_6741043_convert-nondeductible-ira-roth.html", "http://www.marketwatch.com/story/backdoor-roth-ira-conversion-tax-free-2013-04-30", "http://www.investopedia.com/articles/pf/12/roth-ira.asp", "http://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/197.asp", "http://www.biblemoneymatters.com/should-you-convert-non-deductible-ira-contributions-to-a-roth-ira/", "https://www.bogleheads.org/wiki/Non-deductible_Traditional_IRA" ] }

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[ "Naturally occurring chemical element found in a variety of foods." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Vegetables. Many green vegetables provide alpha-tocopherol. Spinach is especially rich in the vitamin, with 1 cup providing about 4 milligrams. Turnip greens, broccoli and asparagus also contain vitamin E, with a 1-cup serving of each providing about 2 milligrams. Alpha-tocopherol is an alternative name for vitamin E, which has many important functions in your body. A potent antioxidant, alpha-tocopherol protects you from potentially damaging free radicals, while also boosting your immune system to help you fight off viruses and pathogenic bacteria.", "Flint River Ranch uses tocopherols, a natural antioxidant and Vitamin E source, and human-quality ingredients to slow the oxidation process of fats and oils to ensure its premium pet food products remain fresh as in their initial state. Vitamin E is an antioxidant that retards the oxidation of other vitamins. ", "Vitamin E is widely used as an inexpensive antioxidant in cosmetics and foods. Vitamin E containing products are commonly used in the belief that vitamin E is good for the skin; many cosmetics include it, often labeled as tocopherol acetate, tocopheryl linoleate or tocopheryl nicotinate. Alpha-tocopherol is the form of vitamin E that is preferentially absorbed and accumulated in humans. The measurement of vitamin E activity in international units (IU) was based on fertility enhancement by the prevention of miscarriages in pregnant rats relative to alpha-tocopherol.", "Tocopherol is a naturally occurring chemical element found in a variety of foods. It is commonly called vitamin E in a generic sense, as vitamin E substances are made up of tocopherol and similar elements. The most common form of this element is called alpha-tocopherol. Tocopherol in the form of vitamin E is a regular part of the average diet, with specific recommended dosages available to the public from U.S. science institutions in the form of recommended daily allowance or RDA. Foods that include vitamin E will usually have the RDA printed on the nutritional label.", "Sources of Vitamin E. Food. Numerous foods provide vitamin E. Nuts, seeds, and vegetable oils are among the best sources of alpha-tocopherol, and significant amounts are available in green leafy vegetables and fortified cereals (see Table 2 for a more detailed list) [ 7 ]. At present, the vitamin E content of foods and dietary supplements is listed on labels in international units (IUs), a measure of biological activity rather than quantity. Naturally sourced vitamin E is called d-alpha-tocopherol; the synthetically produced form is dl-alpha-tocopherol.", "The proportion of vitamin E to other tocopherols in a nutrient source varies greatly. For example, the tocopherol content is 96% vitamin E in almonds and 9% vitamin E in poppy seeds. Alpha-tocopherol is the form of vitamin E that is preferentially absorbed and accumulated in humans. The measurement of vitamin E activity in international units (IU) was based on fertility enhancement by the prevention of miscarriages in pregnant rats relative to alpha-tocopherol.", "An assessment of the safety of tocopherols as food additives. Tomassi G, Silano V. This paper is a critical review of data relevant to the safety of tocopherols as food additives. Tocopherols are considered from the standpoint of their chemical-physical properties, occurrence in nature and use in commercial products.", "Food sources. Major sources of α-tocopherol in the American diet include vegetable oils (olive, sunflower, and safflower oils), nuts, whole grains, and green leafy vegetables (Table 2). All eight forms of vitamin E (α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocopherols and tocotrienols) occur naturally in foods but in varying amounts. For more information on the nutrient content of foods, search the USDA food composition database. Often vitamin E-fortified foods contain synthetic α-tocopherol, and the amounts are given as a percentage of the daily value of 30 IU. Throughout this article, amounts of α-tocopherol are expressed in both international units (IU) and milligrams (mg).", "Other nuts, including hazelnuts, pine nuts, peanuts, Brazil nuts and pistachios are also good sources, with between 0.5 and 2 milligrams in a 1-ounce serving. Sunflower seeds are high in alpha-tocopherol as well, providing over 8 milligrams in 1/4 cup. Sprouted seeds provide small amounts of the vitamin, too. Alpha-tocopherol is an alternative name for vitamin E, which has many important functions in your body. A potent antioxidant, alpha-tocopherol protects you from potentially damaging free radicals, while also boosting your immune system to help you fight off viruses and pathogenic bacteria." ], "url": [ "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/foods-high-alphatocopherol-3483.html", "http://www.aplusflintriverranch.com/define-tocopherols.php?win=small", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tocopherol", "http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/healthy-eating/what-is-tocopherol.html", "https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminE-HealthProfessional/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tocopherol", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3542757", "http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/vitamins/vitamin-E", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/foods-high-alphatocopherol-3483.html" ] }

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[ "Church Hill, and Libby Hill Park." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Libby Hill Park. Last Updated: 2009-12-06. 2801 E. Franklin Street, Richmond, VADogwood Dell Event Line: (804) 646-DELL. Located at 28th and E. Franklin Streets, Libby Hill Park is one of the three original parks in Richmond's park system. It was originally called Marshall Square, and the view from Libby Hill Park is said to so closely resemble the view of Richmond on the Thames in England that it gave the city its name.", "History [edit]. Church Hill is known as the site of Virginia's second revolutionary convention, where Patrick Henry gave his Give me liberty or give me death speech in St. John's Episcopal Church, Richmond, Virginia. It is also known for Chimborazo Park, where the largest American Civil War Hospital was located.", "Church Hill, also known as the St. John's Church Historic District, is an Old and Historic District in Richmond, Virginia. This district encompasses the original land plat of the city of Richmond. Church Hill is the eastern terminus of Broad Street, a major east-west thoroughfare in the Richmond Metropolitan Area]].", "Church Hill is known as the site of Virginia's second revolutionary convention, where Patrick Henry gave his Give me liberty or give me death speech in St. John's Episcopal Church, Richmond, Virginia. It is also known for Chimborazo Park, where the largest American Civil War Hospital was located.", "Church Hill, due east of downtown, above Shockoe Valley, where Patrick Henry gave his famous speech at St. John’s Church, which is apparently the highest spot in the city. Union Hill, just north of Church Hill on that same knobby ridgeline, is an old residential neighborhood." ], "url": [ "http://www.richmondgov.com/parks/parkLibbyHill.aspx", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_Hill,_Richmond,_Virginia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_Hill,_Richmond,_Virginia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_Hill,_Richmond,_Virginia", "http://wtvr.com/2012/07/05/holmberg-which-are-the-seven-hills-of-richmond/" ] }

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[ "$75-120/hr", "$75-120/hr" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "For example, you may factor in the cost of a new logo design or a website redesign, which are typically one-time-only items. If your Internet marketing company performs the same tasks month after month with only one or two special tasks or assignments, your yearly costs will range anywhere from $1500 to $15,000. A website's value is drastically different in 2015 than it was even a couple of years ago. The above chart provides a timeline of historical dates compared to web site cost, including the vareage cost to build a website.", "Determining how much a web site should cost is one of the most frequently asked but rarely answered questions in the web design world. Even now, with millions of websites online, there exists no magic formula for calculating either the cost of a new web site or the cost of a redesign. A website's value is drastically different in 2015 than it was even a couple of years ago. The above chart provides a timeline of historical dates compared to web site cost, including the vareage cost to build a website.", "By Scott Clark. Tweet. In our last article we showed you some free online web development tools as well as a free open source shopping cart CMS. In this article we will look at some economical web development tools that, while not free, are well worth the cost to the developer on a tight budget. Every web developer needs some basic software in order to develop and design a website. With the current economy, many developers are in the position where they need to minimize the cost of development tools. To begin with, we will look at some basic software, including an:", "Monthly, you should expect to pay for your website hosting, SEO, other ongoing optimization, any content creation, link building services, and special design projects. This may cost anywhere from $100 to $1000 a month. A website's value is drastically different in 2015 than it was even a couple of years ago. The above chart provides a timeline of historical dates compared to web site cost, including the vareage cost to build a website.", "From our research here is what OTHER COMPANIES CHARGE f or website development: Master level Web Development costs from $75-120/hr. Custom Graphics costs $65-$75/hr. On-Site Digital Photography costs $80+/hr. Maintenance Contracts are negotiated for around $55-$75/hr. Hourly rate for website development costs: $65/hour (USD) Basically, we charge for our time. We have the proper tools and experience to get your job done quickly and professionally. We are a home-based business with low overheads.", "From our research here is what OTHER COMPANIES CHARGE for website development: Master level Web Development costs from $75-120/hr. Custom Graphics costs $65-$75/hr. On-Site Digital Photography costs $80+/hr. Maintenance Contracts are negotiated for around $55-$75/hr. Hourly rate for website development costs: $65/hour (USD) Basically, we charge for our time. We have the proper tools and experience to get your job done quickly and professionally. We are a home-based business with low overheads.", "But you should assume that you’re going to pay at least an additional $100 more than if you were redesigning an existing website. For your budget, you should start with at least $500 as a base cost for building a site from scratch, and $250 if you’re looking at a redesign. Multimedia like Flash and video can be difficult to integrate with a website. And if you’re having the design firm create the multimedia devices the you should be prepared to pay more. You should budget $750 to get some basic Flash or video on the site and another $750 or more to create the multimedia.", "While price varies depending on your needs, we can estimate a general range of costs based on our experience. The days of the $10,000 website are long gone for most businesses. The most costly portions of your website development are usually custom programming and the design layout itself.", "While the cost of a basic website has dropped, the need for more interactivity has helped hold steady the price of a high-end, competitive design. As of 2015, you should expect to pay between $2,250 and $10,000 for a fully functional small business website. A website's value is drastically different in 2015 than it was even a couple of years ago. The above chart provides a timeline of historical dates compared to web site cost, including the vareage cost to build a website.", "Their average web application development cost is around $500K and their staff or contractors' salary is in the six figure plus range. Their proposals are usually based on a lot of fluff with the development rate ranging from $400 - $800 per hour. These types of companies focus on custom development. " ], "url": [ "http://www.webpagefx.com/How-much-should-web-site-cost.html", "http://www.webpagefx.com/How-much-should-web-site-cost.html", "http://www.htmlgoodies.com/beyond/webmaster/toolbox/web-developer-tools-for-low-cost-web-development.html", "http://www.webpagefx.com/How-much-should-web-site-cost.html", "http://www.pacificwebsites.com/website-development-charges.htm", "http://www.pacificwebsites.com/website-development-charges.htm", "http://webdesign.about.com/od/beforeyoustartawebsite/a/how-much-should-a-web-design-cost.htm", "http://www.dotlaunch.com/webestimate", "http://www.webpagefx.com/How-much-should-web-site-cost.html", "http://www.comentum.com/web-development-cost-rate-comparison.html" ] }

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[ "Plc is more or less a small computer with a built-in operating system.", "It is a digital computer used for automation of typically industrial electromechanical processes, such as control of machinery on factory assembly lines, amusement rides, or light fixtures." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A programmable logic controller, PLC, or programmable controller is a digital computer used for automation of typically industrial electromechanical processes, such as control of machinery on factory assembly lines, amusement rides, or light fixtures. PLCs are used in many machines, in many industries. PLCs are designed for multiple arrangements of digital and analog inputs and outputs, extended temperature ranges, immunity to electrical noise, and resistance to vibration and impact. More recently, PLCs are programmed using application software on personal computers, which now represent the logic in graphic form instead of character symbols. The computer is connected to the PLC through Ethernet, RS-232, RS-485, or RS-422 cabling.", "A PLC can be either an unlisted or listed company on the stock exchanges. In the United Kingdom, a public limited company usually must include the words public limited company or the abbreviation PLC or plc at the end and as part of the legal company name.", "A public limited company (legally abbreviated to plc) is a type of public company (publicly held company) under United Kingdom company law, some Commonwealth jurisdictions, and the Republic of Ireland. In the United Kingdom, a public limited company usually must include the words public limited company or the abbreviation PLC or plc at the end and as part of the legal company name.", "DEFINITION of 'Public Limited Company-PLC'. The standard legal designation of a company which has offered shares to the general public and has limited liability. A Public Limited Company's stock can be acquired by anyone and holders are only limited to potentially lose the amount paid for the shares. It is a legal form more commonly used in the U.K. Two or more people are required to form such a company, assuming it has a lawful purpose.", "It is a limited (liability) company whose shares may be freely sold and traded to the public (although a plc may also be privately held, often by another plc), with a minimum share capital of £50,000 and the letters PLC after its name. Similar companies in the United States are called publicly traded companies. In the United Kingdom, a public limited company usually must include the words public limited company or the abbreviation PLC or plc at the end and as part of the legal company name.", "Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is a digital computer used for the automation of various electro-mechanical processes in industries. These controllers are specially designed to survive in harsh situations and shielded from heat, cold, dust, and moisture etc. PLC consists of a microprocessor which is programmed using the computer language. The program is written on a computer and is downloaded to the PLC via cable. These loaded programs are stored in non – volatile memory of the PLC. During the transition of relay control panels to PLC, the hard wired relay logic was exchanged for the program fed by the user", "A Programmable Logic Controller, or PLC for short, is simply a special computer device used for industrial control systems. They are used in many industries such as oil refineries, manufacturing lines, conveyor systems and so on. Where ever there is a need to control devices the PLC provides a flexible way to softwire the components together. The basic units have a CPU (a computer processor) that is dedicated to run one program that monitors a series of different inputs and logically manipulates the outputs for the desired control.", "A Programmable Logic Controller, or PLC, is more or less a small computer with a built-in operating system (OS). This OS is highly specialized to handle incoming events in real time, i.e., at the time of their occurrence. ", "BREAKING DOWN 'Public Limited Company-PLC'. A limited company grants limited liability to its owners and management. Being a public company allows a firm to sell shares to investors this is benificial in raising capital. Only Public Limited Companies may be listed on the London Stock Exchange and will have the suffix PLC on their ticker symbol. A Public Limited Company's stock can be acquired by anyone and holders are only limited to potentially lose the amount paid for the shares. It is a legal form more commonly used in the U.K. Two or more people are required to form such a company, assuming it has a lawful purpose." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_logic_controller", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_limited_company", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_limited_company", "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/plc.asp", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_limited_company", "http://www.engineersgarage.com/articles/plc-programmable-logic-controller", "http://www.plcdev.com/definition_of_a_plc", "https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introductory_PLC_Programming", "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/plc.asp" ] }

[]

[ "between 85° and 90°F" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "July is the hottest month in Providenciales with an average temperature of 30°C (86°F) and the coldest is January at 25°C (77°F) .", "Aside from the idyllic seas and skies, the weather here is a big draw. The average temperature on the Turks and Caicos Islands ranges between 85° and 90°F (29°-32°C) from June to October, sometimes reaching the mid-90s (35°C), especially in the late summer months.", "This report describes the typical weather at the Providenciales International Airport (Providenciales, Turks and Caicos Islands) weather station over the course of an average year. It is based on the historical records from 2010 to 2013.", "The Turks & Caicos Islands enjoy abundant sunshine. Providenciales (Provo), North Caicos and Middle Caicos average 44 to 50 inches (112 - 127cm) of rainfall annually, with Grand Turk, Salt Cay and South Caicos averaging 22 inches (55cm) of rain annually.", "It's Sunny. . . Turks and Caicos weather is sunny, sunny, sunny! The sun shines 350 days a year with an average temperature of 83°F (28°C). An added bonus is that Turks and Caicos weather is generally warmer with less rain and humidity than its Caribbean neighbors. With a Cool Breeze.", "Grand Turk and South Caicos have an annual rainfall of 53 centimeters (21 in.), but as you travel farther west, the average rainfall can increase to as much as 102 centimeters (40 in.). In an average year the Turks and Caicos Islands have 350 days of sunshine.", "Temperatures in Turks and Caicos during the high season average between 80 and 84 degrees Fahrenheit, and rainfall averages at about 1.7 inches, with December being the wettest month of this period." ], "url": [ "http://www.holiday-weather.com/providenciales/averages/", "http://www.frommers.com/destinations/turks-and-caicos/730147", "https://weatherspark.com/averages/32479/Providenciales-Caicos-Islands-Turks-and-Caicos-Islands", "http://www.wherewhenhow.com/turks-caicos-islands/general-information/weather.html", "http://www.turks-and-caicos-beach-vacation.com/turks-and-caicos-weather.html", "http://www.frommers.com/destinations/turks-and-caicos/730147", "http://caribya.com/turks.and.caicos/weather/" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "And part of that convenience is having your purchases delivered to you. FedEx makes it even more convenient by providing ways to receive your packages, even if you can’t be home to sign for them. Here are a few ways you can avoid missing an important delivery for your next online purchase. One option is to request that your package be delivered to a nearby FedEx location for pickup. Just go to fedex.com or call 1.800.GoFedEx while your package is in transit. Then, request ‘Hold at Location’ for a list of convenient FedEx locations in your area where you can pick up your package at your convenience", "For shipments receiving FedEx Ground Multiweight ® pricing, the fee is $12.50 per package up to a maximum of $39.80 per shipment. The money-back guarantee does not apply to these shipments, and we are not liable for failing to complete delivery or meet our scheduled delivery time.U.S. Fees that apply to FedEx Express ® U.S. services may also apply to FedEx Express services from the U.S. to Puerto Rico.For FedEx Express U.S. import shipments, fees vary depending on origin country; however, each fee works the same as for U.S. export.", "http://www.fedex.com/us/customersupport/tracking/signature/. With value-added options from FedEx, you can customize your shipment to your needs. Options include pickup, delivery, C.O.D., customs brokerage, supply chain management and special handling. Here are a few ways you can avoid missing an important delivery for your next online purchase. One option is to request that your package be delivered to a nearby FedEx location for pickup. Just go to fedex.com or call 1.800.GoFedEx while your package is in transit.", "For shipments receiving FedEx Express Multiweight ® pricing, the fee is $12.50 per package up to a maximum of $87.50 per shipment. Address correction is also required if the recipient phone number is omitted for a Rural Delivery (RD) address or a Star Route Assignment (SRA) address in Alaska. Fees that apply to FedEx Express ® U.S. services may also apply to FedEx Express services from the U.S. to Puerto Rico.For FedEx Express U.S. import shipments, fees vary depending on origin country; however, each fee works the same as for U.S. export.", "Login. This guarantee can be suspended or revoked at our sole discretion without prior notice to you. We will, at our option, and upon request, either refund or credit to the applicable invoice only your transportation charges if we deliver a shipment 60 seconds or more after the applicable delivery commitment time. Offer void where prohibited by law.", "First, DO NOT OPEN the package. Take a photograph of the package. Next, call the carrier and tell them that you wish to refuse it. They will either schedule a pickup or provide you with a location to take the package. On the call, make sure you note the reference number for the refusal so that you have records of this. Then they will give you a notification that you have a package up there. UPS and FEDEX, you can call them and they can put on your address that all packages have to be delivered to a person and not left. You can try that with DHL, I don't really know about them. Sabrina.", "The Content on all pages of the FedEx Office website is provided solely for the use of FedEx Office customers to interact with FedEx Office and may not be used by You, or any other person or entity, or for any other purpose. Users do not receive any copyright in or to the Content itself. Failure to contact FedEx Office directly will cause a delay in the processing of any claim and will result in a delay in processing Your claim, which could cause You to lose the ability to receive compensation for loss involving shipping or printing services as provided in these terms and conditions.", "1 Go online. 2 You can schedule pickups for multiple services — FedEx Express ® , FedEx Ground ® and FedEx Freight ® — at the same time. 3 Plus, you automatically receive a pickup history record, so you can check, edit and cancel pickups. 1 Call 1.800.GoFedEx 1.800.463.3339. 2 Call our toll-free customer service number and say schedule a pickup.. 3 You can schedule a FedEx Express pickup for the same day or the next business day.", "FedEx refunds require claims to be submitted in order to reclaim fees paid for late or undelivered shipments. FedEx will not automatically credit your account with any refunds on late deliveries. This means you are losing money if you don’t have a reliable system for package tracking and shipping recovery. ", "Delivery confirmation with electronic signature capture. FedEx Money-Back Guarantee.2 If your shipment misses its final quoted delivery time by 60 seconds or more, you may request a refund or credit of your shipping charges. 1 Requires delivery email sign-up. 2 For details on the FedEx Money-Back Guarantee, see Our Services at fedex.com. " ], "url": [ "http://videocenter.van.fedex.com/learn/signature-required", "http://images.fedex.com/us/services/pdf/Fees_Shipping_Information.pdf", "http://videocenter.van.fedex.com/learn/signature-required", "http://images.fedex.com/us/services/pdf/Fees_Shipping_Information.pdf", "http://www.fedex.com/mx_english/services/moneyback.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20061010053427AAsE6qx", "http://www.fedex.com/us/office/customersupport/terms.html", "https://smallbusiness.fedex.com/scheduling-pickup", "http://www.packagefox.com/blog/how-to-get-fedex-refunds-for-late-packages/", "http://local.fedex.com/sameday/" ] }

[]

[ "In Orthodox Judaism, this procedure is usually done by adoptive parents for adopted boys who are being converted as part of the adoption or by families with young children converting together." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "H. The brit milah (Hebrew: בְּרִית מִילָה ‎, [bʁit miˈla] ; Ashkenazi pronunciation: [bʁis ˈmilə] , covenant of circumcision ; Yiddish pronunciation: bris [bʀɪs]) is a Jewish religious male circumcision ceremony performed by a mohel on the eighth day of a male infant's life. A Milah L'shem giur is a Circumcision for the purpose of conversion. In Orthodox Judaism, this procedure is usually done by adoptive parents for adopted boys who are being converted as part of the adoption or by families with young children converting together.", "Judaism and circumcision. Circumcision is an initiation rite for Jewish newborn babies. This usually takes place in a ceremony called a Brit (or Bris) milah witnessed by family and community members. Milah is Hebrew for Covenant of Circumcision. The ritual is an ancient practice that has been carried out by Jewish parents for more than 3,000 years. Such is the importance of Brit milah that circumcision can take place on the Sabbath or a holy day even though the drawing of blood is not normally allowed on these days under Jewish law.", "The Objective of the Ritual Circumcision Translating Brit Milah as simply circumcision rather than covenant circumcision, erroneously implies that the removal of the foreskin is the most important element of the mitzvah. Circumcision is coupled with the intent to forge a covenant between God and the Jewish people. Today, by performing the act circumcision, Jews perpetuate the covenant and make their children a part of that eternal promise. The Deeper Meaning The fact that the Brit Milah is performed on the eighth day after a boy is born hints to this idea of eternal Jewish continuity.", "The Order of the Ceremony of Brit Milah. The ceremony of Brit Milah takes place in three parts. The first part of the ceremony includes the physical circumcision. The ceremony begins when the kvatterin takes the infant from his mother and brings him to the room where the circumcision will occur. ", "The complete name of the ritual is bris (or brit) milah, with the second word meaning “circumcision” and the first word meaning “covenant.” The circumci­sion ceremony identifies the Jewish child as a member of the covenant with God by virtue of his birth as a Jew into a Jewish family. ", "After you successfully pass your interview by the conversion court, all males come to the second step in the conversion ceremony, brit milah. This is a traditional Jewish ceremony, in which a man’s foreskin is removed, as a sign of the covenant between him and his Creator. If your foreskin was removed in the past, not in a Jewish-halachic context, or you were born without a foreskin, you will instead have a hatafat dam brit.", "Brit milah, which means covenant of circumcision, is a Jewish ritual performed on a baby boy eight days after he is born. A minyan is not required for a bris. The only people who are required to be present are the father, mohel and a sandek, who is the person who holds the baby while the circumcision is performed. Brit Milah is composed of three main parts.", "The Ceremony. The ceremony of brit milah takes place on the eighth day of a baby boy’s life, even if that day falls on Shabbat or a holiday, including Yom Kippur. The only reason the ritual would not be performed is if the child is ill or too weak to safely undergo the procedure. A minyan is not required for a bris. The only people who are required to be present are the father, mohel and a sandek, who is the person who holds the baby while the circumcision is performed. Brit Milah is composed of three main parts.", "Brit Milah, or circumcision, is performed on a Jewish male eight days after he is born. The procedure is performed by a mohel – a person who has mastered the set of Jewish laws regarding circumcision and received extensive practical training. At a Brit Milah, the mohel removes the baby's foreskin and draws blood from the reproductive organ, after which the baby is given a Jewish name. Today, by performing the act circumcision, Jews perpetuate the covenant and make their children a part of that eternal promise. The Deeper Meaning The fact that the Brit Milah is performed on the eighth day after a boy is born hints to this idea of eternal Jewish continuity.", "Kveller Staff. Kveller Staff. The main element of a bris –also called a brit milah –is the removal of the foreskin from an eight-day-old baby boy’s penis. But a bris is actually more than just a snip; it is a ceremony that includes various traditions, rituals, and prayers. Here’s a rundown of the main events. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brit_milah", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/judaism/jewishethics/circumcision_1.shtml", "http://www.aish.com/jl/l/b/What_is_Circumcision.html", "http://cybermintz.com:86/cerimony.html", "http://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/some-meanings-of-brit-milah/", "http://www.itim.org.il/en/brit-milah-for-conversion/", "http://judaism.about.com/od/lifeevents/a/britmilah.htm", "http://judaism.about.com/od/lifeevents/a/britmilah.htm", "http://www.aish.com/jl/l/b/What_is_Circumcision.html", "http://www.kveller.com/article/the-bris-ceremony/" ] }

[]

[ "A commune in the Loire department in central France, in the Gier valley.", "It is a commune in the Loire department in central France, in the Gier valley." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "English Meaning: The name Lorette is an English baby name. In English the meaning of the name Lorette is: or Lora referring to the laurel tree or sweet bay tree symbolic of honor and victory. SoulUrge Number: 7. People with this name have a deep inner need for quiet, and a desire to understand and analyze the world they live in, and to learn the deeper truths. People with this name are excited by change, adventure, and excitement. They are dynamic, visionary and versatile, able to make constructive use of freedom.", "Lorette is a commune in the Loire department in central France, in the Gier valley. The region was developed in the 19th century for coal mining. In 1830 the Jackson brothers (Freres Frères) jackson built a steel works At assailly in what is now the north Of. lorette", "A word of advice; don't ever, ever move to Lorette, unless you need a location that is quiet, yet close enough to the city. Citizen of Lorette #1: Fuck, man, I wanna go do something fun.. Citizen of Lorette #2: We live in goddamn Lorette, and neither of us have our driver's license yet. Lorette. A small village in Manitoba, Canada. Still exists for the sole purpose of being close enough to Winnipeg, but far enough away to not be part of the murder capital of the country.", "Lorette is a somewhat popular first name for women (#3367 out of 4276, Top 79%) and an even more popular last name for both adults and children (#49159 out of 150436, Top 33%). (2000 U.S. Census). Laura (#318 a year ago) , Lorie, Lori, Lorine, Lorna, Lorrie, Lorri, Loretta, Lorene, Laurette, Lauretta, Lollie, Lora, Lorena, Loren and Lorenza are the popular varying forms of Lorette (not ranked) .", "Lorette /lor-ette/ [2 sylls.] as a name for girls is of Latin and Italian derivation, and the meaning of Lorette is the bay, or laurel plant. Lorette is an alternate form of Laura (Latin). Laura (#318 a year ago) , Lorie, Lori, Lorine, Lorna, Lorrie, Lorri, Loretta, Lorene, Laurette, Lauretta, Lollie, Lora, Lorena, Loren and Lorenza are the popular varying forms of Lorette (not ranked) .", "Lorette is generally used as a girl's name. It consists of 7 letters and 2 syllables and is pronounced Lo-rette. In the U.S. in 2014 less than 5 girls were given the name. Less than 5 boys were given the name. View the Lorette Name Popularity Page to see how the popularity trend for Lorette has changed since 1880, or to compare the popularity of Lorette to other names. English names generally consist of a given name, middle name and family name. Many English speaking countries have fairly flexible naming laws. This allows the multicultural families that live in these countries to merge the naming conventions of their faiths or previous nationalities with their current homeland.", "Origin of LORETTE. French, from Notre Dame de Lorette, section of Paris. This word doesn't usually appear in our free dictionary, but the definition from our premium Unabridged Dictionary is offered here on a limited basis. Note that some information is displayed differently in the Unabridged", "Geography [edit]. Lorette lies in the valley of the Gier, a coal mining region, on the south bank of the Giers just east of La Grand-Croix. The region was developed in the 19th century for coal mining. In 1830 the Jackson brothers (Freres Frères) jackson built a steel works At assailly in what is now the north Of. lorette" ], "url": [ "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/lorette", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorette,_Loire", "http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Lorette", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Lorette", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Lorette", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Lorette.html", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/lorette", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorette,_Loire" ] }

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[ "The bone marrow contains hematopoietic stem cells, which give rise to the three classes of blood cells that are found in the circulation: white blood cells (leukocytes), red blood cells (erythrocytes) and platelets." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is the infusion of bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cells into a patient’s bloodstream. In adults, the bones of the hip and chest contain the greatest amount of bone marrow and stem cells. Stem cells that leave the bone marrow and circulate into the bloodstream are called peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) .", "Harrison et al. write that short-term blood-progenitor cells in a mouse may restore hematopoiesis for three to four months [ 36 ]. The longevity of short-term stem cells for humans is not firmly established. A true stem cell, capable of self-renewal, must be able to renew itself for the entire lifespan of an organism. The gold standard for proving that a cell derived from mouse bone marrow is indeed an HSC is still based on the same proof described above and used in mice many years ago. That is, the cells are injected into a mouse that has received a dose of irradiation sufficient to kill its own blood-producing cells.", "Foci of hematopoietic tissue form in the embryonic mesenchyma and, later, in the liver (where red and white blood cells are formed) and thymus (where lymphocytes are formed). Still later, hematopoiesis shifts to the bone marrow, and lymphocytes begin to develop in the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes. ", "Hematopoietic stem cell transplants are now routinely used to treat patients with cancers and other disorders of the blood and immune systems. Recently, researchers have observed in animal studies that hematopoietic stem cells appear to be able to form other kinds of cells, such as muscle, blood vessels, and bone. The gold standard for proving that a cell derived from mouse bone marrow is indeed an HSC is still based on the same proof described above and used in mice many years ago. That is, the cells are injected into a mouse that has received a dose of irradiation sufficient to kill its own blood-producing cells.", "The two types of bone marrow are red marrow (Latin: medulla ossium rubra), which consists mainly of hematopoietic tissue, and yellow marrow (Latin: medulla ossium flava), which is mainly made up of fat cells. In humans, red blood cells are produced by cores of bone marrow in the heads of long bones in a process known as hematopoiesis. On average, bone marrow constitutes 4% of the total body mass of humans; in an adult weighing 65 kilograms (143 lb), bone marrow typically accounts for approximately 2.6 kilograms (5.7 lb).", "The hematopoietic component of bone marrow produces approximately 500 billion blood cells per day, which use the bone marrow vasculature as a conduit to the body's systemic circulation. Bone marrow is also a key component of the lymphatic system, producing the lymphocytes that support the body's immune system. In humans, red blood cells are produced by cores of bone marrow in the heads of long bones in a process known as hematopoiesis. On average, bone marrow constitutes 4% of the total body mass of humans; in an adult weighing 65 kilograms (143 lb), bone marrow typically accounts for approximately 2.6 kilograms (5.7 lb).", "Bone marrow is the flexible tissue in the interior of bones. In humans, red blood cells are produced by cores of bone marrow in the heads of long bones in a process known as hematopoiesis. On average, bone marrow constitutes 4% of the total body mass of humans; in an adult weighing 65 kilograms (143 lb), bone marrow typically accounts for approximately 2.6 kilograms (5.7 lb).", "Bone marrow is the soft, sponge-like tissue that fills the hollow center of bones. There are two types of bone marrow: red marrow and yellow marrow. Red Marrow-Consisting mainly of hematopoietic tissue, or tissue involved in the formation of red blood cells, all bone marrow is red at birth. About 50% of red marrow converts to yellow marrow over time.", "In addition, the bone marrow contains hematopoietic stem cells, which give rise to the three classes of blood cells that are found in the circulation: white blood cells (leukocytes), red blood cells (erythrocytes), and platelets (thrombocytes). In humans, red blood cells are produced by cores of bone marrow in the heads of long bones in a process known as hematopoiesis. On average, bone marrow constitutes 4% of the total body mass of humans; in an adult weighing 65 kilograms (143 lb), bone marrow typically accounts for approximately 2.6 kilograms (5.7 lb).", "The bone marrow has two types of stem cells: mesenchymal and hematopoietic. Red bone marrow consists of a delicate, highly vascular fibrous tissue containing hematopoietic stem cells, which are blood-forming stem cells. There are two types of bone marrow: red bone marrow (also known as myeloid tissue) and yellow bone marrow (fatty tissue). 1. Both types of bone marrow are highly vascular and enriched with numerous blood vessels and capillaries. 2. The bone marrow makes more than 200 billion new blood cells every day." ], "url": [ "http://www.mozobil.com/patient/what_are_stem_cells", "http://stemcells.nih.gov/info/scireport/pages/chapter5.aspx", "http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/hematopoietic", "http://stemcells.nih.gov/info/scireport/pages/chapter5.aspx", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_marrow", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_marrow", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_marrow", "http://www.conversantbio.com/blog/bid/373179/An-Introduction-to-Normal-Bone-Marrow", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_marrow", "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/285666.php" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The cities of Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada, and Niagara Falls, New York, U.S.A., are connected by two international bridges. The Rainbow Bridge, just downriver from the falls, affords the closest view of the falls and is open to non-commercial vehicle traffic and pedestrians. Niagara Falls (/naɪˈaeɡrə/ , Naɪˈæɡrə: Cayuga gahnawehtaˀ Or) tgahnawęhtaˀ is the collective name for three waterfalls that straddle the international border Between canada and The United; states more, specifically between the province Of ontario and the state Of New. York they form the southern end of The Niagara. gorge", "Niagara Falls (/naɪˈaeɡrə/ naɪˈæɡrə-NY-ag) ra is A canadian city on the western bank of The Niagara river in The Golden horseshoe region Of Southern, ontario with a population 82,997 82997 at the 2011. Census the municipality was incorporated on 12 june. 1903 Niagara Falls and Niagara Falls, New York are linked to major highways in Canada and the United States respectively, with the Queen Elizabeth Way acting as a major artery between Toronto and Buffalo, New York.", "Follow the signs to find parking on the Canadian side of Niagara Falls, and you’ll find yourself driving far, far away. The walk from the parking lot to the falls can be quite long depending on how busy it is. Also, if you park in Canada, expect to pay somewhere around $20.00. Make it an all-day event. You can see Niagara Falls for free in both the U.S. and Canada, and you can take the Maid of the Mist (the under-the-falls boat) from both sides as well, but if you want to experience Niagara Falls from as many angles as possible from one country, then visit from the United States side.", "Skyline of Niagara Falls, Canada, as seen from Niagara Falls State Park across the river in the United States. Niagara Falls (/naɪˈaeɡrə/ naɪˈæɡrə-NY-ag) ra is A canadian city on the western bank of The Niagara river in The Golden horseshoe region Of Southern, ontario with a population 82,997 82997 at the 2011. census Niagara Falls and Niagara Falls, New York are linked to major highways in Canada and the United States respectively, with the Queen Elizabeth Way acting as a major artery between Toronto and Buffalo, New York.", "Niagara Falls is in the City of Niagara Falls in the Province of Ontario, near the United States border at Niagara Falls, NY. This is northeast of Buffalo, NY. It is at the ea … stern end of Lake Erie, which is where the water for the falls comes from, down the Niagara River. + 3 others found this useful. Justin Rose. 1 4 Places to Visit in Canada Before You Die From coast to coast to coast, there are amazing places to visit in Canada.", "Niagara Falls consists of two waterfalls on the Niagara River, which marks the border between New York and Ontario, Canada: the American Falls, located on the American side of the border, and the Canadian or Horseshoe Falls located on the Canadian side. In addition, some of the water is diverted to provide power for the United States and Canada, making Niagara Falls the largest source of electric power in the world. The Horseshoe Falls are 170 feet high. The brink of the falls is approximately 2,500 feet from one side to the other.", "Located on the Niagara River, which drains Lake Erie into Lake Ontario, the combined falls form the highest flow rate of any waterfall in the world, with a vertical drop of more than 165 feet (50 m). Niagara Falls (/naɪˈaeɡrə/ , Naɪˈæɡrə: Cayuga gahnawehtaˀ Or) tgahnawęhtaˀ is the collective name for three waterfalls that straddle the international border Between canada and The United; states more, specifically between the province Of ontario and the state Of New. York they form the southern end of The Niagara. gorge", "Niagara Falls Facts. Niagara Falls, city in the Regional Municipality of Niagara, southeastern Ontario, Canada, a port on the Niagara River opposite Niagara Falls, New York. The city overlooks the Horseshoe, or Canadian, Falls cataract of Niagara Falls; the crescent-shaped cataract is 54 M (177 ft) high and carries nine times more water than its United States counterpart.", "There are two casinos on the Canadian side of Niagara Falls, the Niagara Fallsview Casino Resort and Casino Niagara. The former is situated in the Fallsview Tourist Area, alongside many of the area's hotels, whilst the latter is adjacent to Clifton Hill, on Falls Avenue, a major tourist promenade. Niagara Falls (/naɪˈaeɡrə/ , Naɪˈæɡrə: Cayuga gahnawehtaˀ Or) tgahnawęhtaˀ is the collective name for three waterfalls that straddle the international border Between canada and The United; states more, specifically between the province Of ontario and the state Of New. York they form the southern end of The Niagara. gorge" ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niagara_Falls", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niagara_Falls,_Ontario", "http://kaleidoscopicwandering.com/2011/09/12/niagara-falls-united-states-niagara-falls-canada/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niagara_Falls,_Ontario", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_part_of_Canada_is_Niagara_Falls_in", "http://www.history.com/topics/niagara-falls", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niagara_Falls", "https://www.niagarafalls.ca/living/about-niagara-falls/facts.aspx", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niagara_Falls" ] }

[]

[ "A regulatory sequence is a segment of a nucleic acid molecule which is capable of increasing or decreasing the expression of specific genes within an organism." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product. These products are often proteins, but in non-protein coding genes such as ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes or transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, the product is a functional RNA. Generation of RNA from DNA is known as transcription. In other word transcription is the process of creating a complementary RNA copy of a sequence of DNA. During transcription, a DNA sequence is read by RNA polymerase, which produces a complementary, antiparallel RNA strand.", "Gene regulatory protein. (Science: molecular biology) Any protein that interacts with dna sequences of a gene and controls its transcription. Please contribute to this project, if you have more information about this term feel free to edit this page. ", "Eukaryotic promoter regulatory sequences typically bind proteins called transcription factors which are involved in the formation of the transcriptional complex. An example is the E-box (sequence CACGTG), which binds transcription factors in the basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family (e.g. BMAL1-Clock, cMyc). Generation of RNA from DNA is known as transcription. In other word transcription is the process of creating a complementary RNA copy of a sequence of DNA. During transcription, a DNA sequence is read by RNA polymerase, which produces a complementary, antiparallel RNA strand.", "A regulator gene, regulator, or regulatory gene is a gene involved in controlling the expression of one or more other genes. Regulator genes can be located within an operon, adjacent to it, or far away from it. Other regulatory genes code for activator proteins. An activator binds to a site on the DNA molecule and causes an increase in transcription of a nearby gene. In prokaryotes, a well-known example of an activator protein is the catabolite activator protein or CAP, which is involved in positive control of the lac operon", "A regulatory sequence is a segment of a nucleic acid molecule which is capable of increasing or decreasing the expression of specific genes within an organism. Regulation of gene expression is an essential feature of all living organisms and viruses. Regulatory sequence controls when expression occurs for the multiple protein coding regions (red). Promoter, operator and enhancer regions (yellow) regulate the transcription of the gene into an mRNA. The mRNA untranslated regions (blue) regulate translation into the final protein products.", "Regulator gene. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. A regulator gene, regulator, or regulatory gene is a gene involved in controlling the expression of one or more other genes. A regulator gene may encode a protein, or it may work at the level of RNA, as in the case of genes encoding microRNAs. In prokaryotes, regulator genes often code for repressor proteins. Repressor proteins bind to operators or promoters, preventing RNA polymerase from transcribing RNA. Regulator genes can be located within an operon, adjacent to it, or far away from it. Other regulatory genes code for activator proteins. An activator binds to a site on the DNA molecule and causes an increase in transcription of a nearby gene. In prokaryotes, a well-known example of an activator protein is the catabolite activator protein or CAP, which is involved in positive control of the lac operon", "enhancer. Enhancer sequences are regulatory DNA sequences that, when bound by specific proteins called transcription factors, enhance the transcription of an associated gene. Enhancer sequences act upon genes on the same DNA molecule; however, enhancer sequences can be located thousands of base pairs away from the transcription start site of the gene being regulated.", "Regulatory sequence controls when and where expression occurs for the protein coding region (red). Promoter and enhancer regions (yellow) regulate the transcription of the gene into a pre-mRNA which is modified to add a 5' cap and poly-A tail (grey) and remove introns. Regulatory sequence controls when expression occurs for the multiple protein coding regions (red). Promoter, operator and enhancer regions (yellow) regulate the transcription of the gene into an mRNA. The mRNA untranslated regions (blue) regulate translation into the final protein products.", "Regulatory gene. Definition. noun, plural: regulatory genes. A gene that is involved in the production of a substance that controls or regulates the expression of one or more genes, such as the gene that codes for a repressor protein that inhibits the activity of an operator gene. Supplement. The repressor protein binds to operator gene, which consequently prevents the production of a specific enzyme. When that enzyme is needed again, a specific regulatory metabolite inhibits the repressor so that the enzyme is produced. Also called: 1 regulator." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/An_Introduction_to_Molecular_Biology/Gene_Expression", "http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Gene_regulatory_protein", "https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/An_Introduction_to_Molecular_Biology/Gene_Expression", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulator_gene", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulatory_sequence", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulator_gene", "http://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/enhancer-163", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulatory_sequence", "http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Regulatory_gene" ] }

[]

[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "A large bowl of mirin. Mirin (味醂 or みりん) is an essential condiment used in Japanese cuisine. It is a type of rice wine similar to sake, but with a lower alcohol content and higher sugar content. The sugar content is a complex carbohydrate formed naturally via the fermentation process; it is not refined sugar.", "However, many Hanafis regard them as haram or makrooh. While Jafari fiqh considers shrimp and prawn as halal, crab and non-scaled sea creatures (such as eel) are haram. Mirin is a Japanese condiment that has low alcoholic content, and is sometimes used in making Sushi rice. So ask the Sushi chef if they are using it or not, and if they do use it ask if it's the alcoholic version. Meat is less commonly associated with Sushi, but it isn't unheard of. ", "No Follow. When a recipe calls for mirin, the Japanese sweet rice wine, you need a combination of acidic and sweet flavors. Add between 1 and 2 tablespoons of sugar to 1/2 cup of white wine, vermouth, or dry sherry to replace 1/2 cup of mirin. Chicken Skewers with Soy-Mirin Marinade is one of our top-rated Asian recipes that uses mirin. And for more information on Japanese ingredients, see The Japanese Pantry", "For sushi to be halal, “mirin” rice wine, a major ingredient in Japanese cuisine, must be omitted. Currently, at least five Japanese restaurants and other food outlets in Singapore have been certified halal by MUIS. Most of them received the certification last year. ", "Substitute: You can use sake and sugar for mirin if you need. The basic ratio of sake and sugar is 3 to 1. It's good to use 1 Tbsp of sake and 1 tsp of sugar for 1 Tbsp of mirin. Adjust the amount of sugar, depending on your preference. About Mirin: Mirin is a Japanese condiment which contains about 14% alcohol. To make mirin, steamed mochi-gome (glutinous rice), kome-koji (cultured rice), and shochu (distilled alcoholic beverage) are mixed and fermented for about 2 months.", "Sushi is made with sushi rice — white, short-grained, Japanese rice mixed with a dressing made of rice vinegar, sugar, and salt. Commonly sake (酒) (pronounced: sa-ki), a traditional Japanese rice wine, or mirin (みりん), a sweet Japanese cooking wine, are added to the sushi rice. Sushi rice is served topped with fresh fish, seafood, egg, fresh vegetables or pickles and served alongside slices of tender pickled ginger, wasabi paste and soy sauce. Sake is a traditional Japanese rice wine. Its color is clear to white. Sake has an alcohol content of 18-20%, compared to an alcohol content of 12% for typical grape wines. Mirin is a rice wine similar to sake, but very sweet. Mirin has an alcohol content of 14%. When called for, the typical sushi rice recipe uses ¼ cup of sake or mirin. Mirin and sake are stirred to the rice after cooking", "/ Edit Post. Email. Mirin is sweet rice wine, used primarily to flavor Japanese dishes. A recent discussion on Chowhound noted that aji-mirin is the more commonly available sweetened product, easy to find in Asian groceries and some supermarkets. And while paulj thinks Kikkoman aji-mirin resembles flavored corn syrup, it's fine for many recipes." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirin", "http://islam.stackexchange.com/questions/5732/is-eating-sushi-halal-or-haram", "http://www.myrecipes.com/how-to/cooking-questions/mirin-substitutes", "http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2006/02/10/national/japanese-food-gets-an-islamic-makeover/", "http://japanesefood.about.com/od/saucecondiment/p/mirinprofile.htm", "http://spotlighthalal.blogspot.com/2009/01/spotlight-halal-sushi.html", "http://www.chowhound.com/food-news/126677/cooking-with-mirin/" ] }

[]

[ "Group A and group B." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Most of these species are referred to as a group – viridans streptococci. They are also sometimes referred to as “green strep” owing to the color of blood agar surrounding the colonies. Many different species comprise the", "Strep is short for Streptococcus, a type of bacteria. There are two types: group A and group B. Group A strep causes. 1 Strep throat-a sore, red throat, sometimes with white spots on the tonsils. 2 Scarlet fever-an illness that follows strep throat. 3 It causes a red rash on the body. 4 Impetigo-a skin infection.", "Michael Melia, M.D. Streptococcus species is a topic covered in the Johns Hopkins Antibiotic (ABX) Guide. To view the entire topic, please sign in or purchase a subscription. Johns Hopkins Guides provide diagnosis, management, and treatment guidance for infectious diseases, diabetes, and psychiatric conditions.", "1 The streptococci are a very heterogeneous group of bacteria. 2 Some members are a part of our normal flora while others are potent pathogens. 3 The primary pathogens are S. pyogenes and S. pneumoniae but other species can be opportunistic.", "Streptococcus Genus Characteristics Many members of the Streptococcus genus are normal flora to the mouth, nose, and throat. The genus Streptococcus is a complex group causing a wide range of diseases such as: rheumatic fever, impetigo, pharyngitis, laryngitis, toxic shock syndrome, scarlet fever, and endocarditis. Streptococci are often classified based on hemolysis which can be seen by their reaction on blood agar.", "Group B streptococcus (GBS) has only one species, i.e., S. agalactiae, but is subclassified into 7 capsular serotypes, namely: Ia, Ib, II, III, IV, V, and VI. Type III is most commonly associated with neonatal disease while Ia and Ib with adult diseases (25, 91). GABS is discussed elsewhere in this textbook.", "Groups A and B are the most common and devastating human pathogens. Group A Streptococcus bacteria causes disease ranging from streptococcal sore throat (strep throat) to necrotizing fasciitis (flesh-eating disease)." ], "url": [ "http://infectionnet.org/notes/streptococci/", "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/streptococcalinfections.html", "http://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540525/all/Streptococcus_species", "http://myplace.frontier.com/~dffix/medmicro/strep.htm", "http://biolabs.tmcc.edu/Micro%20Web/Strep.pdf", "http://www.antimicrobe.org/b241.asp", "https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Streptococcus" ] }

[]

[ "Hebrew" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Almost every highway and street sign is in English as well as Hebrew (and Arabic), and English language newspapers, magazine and books are available everywhere. Hebrew, the language of the Bible, and Arabic are the official languages of the State of Israel. Hebrew (and Arabic too) is written from right to left. It was less than a century and a half ago that Hebrew was still considered a language solely for prayer and completely obsolete on a day-to-day basis.", "By Ariela Pelaia. Hebrew is the official language of the State of Israel. It is a Semitic language spoken by the Jewish people and one of the world’s oldest living languages. There are 22 letters in the Hebrew alphabet and the language is read from right to left.", "Languages in Israel. Hebrew, the language of the Bible, and Arabic are the official languages of the State of Israel. Hebrew (and Arabic too) is written from right to left. It was less than a century and a half ago that Hebrew was still considered a language solely for prayer and completely obsolete on a day-to-day basis.", "Israel's official languages are Hebrew and Arabic. 70% of the population speaks Hebrew. English is very widely taught and spoken as a second language. Israel is a melting pot of Jews from all over the world, so many more languages are spoken, including Farsi, Russian, Amharic (Ethiopian), and Yiddish; a small number also speak Ladino (Judeo-Spanish).", "Today Hebrew is spoken by some 5 million people mainly in Israel, where it is an official language along with Arabic. and a further 2 million people speak the language in Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Palestinian West Bank and Gaza, Panama, the UK and USA.", "When most people think of the language of Israel, if they do not mistakenly think that the language spoken is Israeli, they know that the Hebrew language is the majority language. Nonetheless, Hebrew is not the only language spoken in Israel." ], "url": [ "http://www.goisrael.com/Tourism_Eng/Tourist%20Information/Discover%20Israel/Pages/Languages.aspx", "http://judaism.about.com/od/jewishhistory/a/Hebrew-Language-Origins-History.htm", "http://www.goisrael.com/Tourism_Eng/Tourist%20Information/Discover%20Israel/Pages/Languages.aspx", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_languages_are_spoken_in_Israel", "http://www.omniglot.com/writing/hebrew.htm", "http://www.hebrewtoday.com/content/languages-spoken-israel-besides-hebrew-language" ] }

[]

[ "Vomiting" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "If your baby has bile-stained vomiting, click here-bile is bright green. More information on what causes bile-stained vomit and what to do about it. If your baby has tummy pain, click here-Information on Intussusception-babies get bouts of crying and drawing up the legs.", "Throwing up is usually no cause for alarm. But in some cases it can signal a serious health problem. Here's how to tell when your toddler's vomiting needs immediate medical attention — and how to deal with vomiting that doesn't need a doctor's care. Call 911 immediately if:", "1 A little blood in the vomit is usually nothing to worry about, as the force of vomiting can cause tiny tears in the blood vessels lining the esophagus. 2 Your toddler's vomit may also be tinged with red if he's swallowed blood from a cut in his mouth or a nosebleed within the last six hours.", "Call Your Pediatrician When: 1 Toddler vomiting has been for more than 24 hours. 2 For some illnesses, this is perfectly normal, but check with your doctor just to be sure. 3 Signs of becoming dehydrated, including decreased urination, dry lips and mouth, crying without tears, lethargy, and dark yellow urine.", "If he continues to vomit, possible causes include: 1 Viral or Bacterial Infection: A stomach bug or other intestinal illness is the most likely reason. 2 If a virus or bacteria have infected your toddler's stomach lining or intestines, he may also have diarrhea, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, and fever.", "This gives your child’s stomach a chance to recover. Replacing fluids. Dehydration can be a problem when your child is vomiting. Begin replacing fluids after your child has not vomited for 30 to 60 minutes.", "1 The vomit contains blood. 2 A little blood in the vomit is usually nothing to worry about, as the force of vomiting can cause tiny tears in the blood vessels lining the esophagus. 3 Your toddler's vomit may also be tinged with red if he's swallowed blood from a cut in his mouth or a nosebleed within the last six hours.", "1 If a virus or bacteria have infected your toddler's stomach lining or intestines, he may also have diarrhea, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, and fever. 2 The vomiting usually stops within 12 to 24 hours. 3 Acid Reflux In Toddlers: Acid reflux is common in toddlers.", "When your child vomits (throws up), it’s normal to be concerned or worried. But vomiting is usually not due to a major health problem. Vomiting is most often caused by viral infection or food poisoning. It usually lasts only a day or two.", "Call your toddler's doctor if: 1 Your child has been vomiting for more than 24 hours. 2 For some illnesses, this is perfectly normal, but check with the doctor to be sure." ], "url": [ "http://www.baby-medical-questions-and-answers.com/infant-vomiting.html", "http://www.babycenter.com/0_vomiting-in-toddlers_11395.bc", "http://www.babycenter.com/0_vomiting-in-toddlers_11395.bc", "http://www.toddlers-are-fun.com/toddler-vomiting.html", "http://www.toddlers-are-fun.com/toddler-vomiting.html", "http://www.fairview.org/healthlibrary/Article/89539", "http://www.babycenter.com/0_vomiting-in-toddlers_11395.bc", "http://www.toddlers-are-fun.com/toddler-vomiting.html", "http://www.fairview.org/healthlibrary/Article/89539", "http://www.babycenter.com/0_vomiting-in-toddlers_11395.bc" ] }

[]

[ "Herding Group" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "General Appearance. The first impression of a good German Shepherd Dog is that of a strong, agile, well muscled animal, alert and full of life. It is well balanced, with harmonious development of the forequarter and hindquarter. The dog is longer than tall, deep-bodied, and presents an outline of smooth curves rather than angles. ", "[ˈʃɛːfɐˌhʊnt]) is a breed of large-sized working dog that originated in Germany. The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language, sometimes abbreviated as GSD , and was also formerly known as the Alsatian and Alsatian Wolf Dog in Britain. The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899. As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep", "We're so confident in our World Class Gunbil German shepherds breeding program that we offer a WORRY FREE FIVE YEAR genetic HEALTH and TEMPERAMENT GUARANTEE ! In the event that the guarantee is honored, Gunbil German Shepherds will provide another dog of the same quality, age, gender (of choice) and value. ", "10. Enroll your German Shepherd puppy in a basic or puppy obedience class. Typically, as puppies are first learning commands, one adult family member will be responsible for training. Later, when the puppy is consistent and understands the basics, other members of the family can participate in formal training. Although any German Shepherd dog is trainable, they are very strong and powerful animals. If you start out with a puppy, you have the opportunity to shape and mold its personality and develop your relationship early. 1 If you happen to get an older dog, adult dogs can still be trained effectively.", "That is why the German Shepherd Dog Club of Minneapolis and St. Paul is offering a Puppy Foundation Class. Core components of the class are: socialization, basic manners training, and educating owners on how to properly develop a young GSD into a confident, well adjusted adult. Most handlers in the advanced class have exhibited German Shepherd Dogs in a dog show. Please bring your German Shepherd Dog, a show collar, a lead (4-6 foot, leather preferred), bait (treats to reward your dog), and wear comfortable clothing and shoes (No Heels!), as you will be running with your dog.", "German Shepherd. World Class Canine is proud to present our genuine German Shepherd sales and breeding program. At World Class Canine we only supply and breed exceptional military grade working German Shepherd dogs that possess rock solid nerves and exceptional working drives. It is rare for a client to bring in a German Shepherd (that wasn't breed here) that possesses the drives and solid nerves required for serious protection or, patrol work. By rare I mean, your chances of winning the lotto or, finding a decent working GSD in the newspaper are about even.", "German Shepherds are powerful and third most intelligent dogs in the world. 75% of police dogs are German Shepherds. German Shepherds have extremely powerful bite force an … d have defined pointed ears (non-cropped) and thick fur which is usually tan with a black sadle and dark snout. German shepherds are fierce and loyal guard dogs but gentle and caring family dogs that will stay by your side through thick and thin.", "Begin your training attempts with a German Shepherd puppy when it is around 8 weeks old. Although any German Shepherd dog is trainable, they are very strong and powerful animals. If you start out with a puppy, you have the opportunity to shape and mold its personality and develop your relationship early. 1 If you happen to get an older dog, adult dogs can still be trained effectively.", "The German Shepherd dog/puppy is a pack animal. They need you to be the leader of the pack, providing structure and guidance. You must provide an environment of trust-through training and repeitition, with appropriate verbal and non-verbal commands. THE KEY TO TRAINING IS CONSISTENCY & PRACTICE ... ", "These rare genuine working German Shepherds are truly the upper echelon of the German Shepherd breed. Purchasing a World Class Canine German Shepherd is truly a step back into time, prior to over-breeding and Americanization of the typical GSD. It is rare for a client to bring in a German Shepherd (that wasn't breed here) that possesses the drives and solid nerves required for serious protection or, patrol work. By rare I mean, your chances of winning the lotto or, finding a decent working GSD in the newspaper are about even." ], "url": [ "http://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/german-shepherd-dog/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Shepherd_Dog", "http://www.worldclassgsd.com/price.html", "http://www.wikihow.com/Train-a-German-Shepherd", "http://gsdcmsp.org/training.html", "http://www.worldclasscanine.com/German_Shepherd.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_class_is_a_German_Shepherd", "http://www.wikihow.com/Train-a-German-Shepherd", "http://gsdca.org/german-shepherd-dogs/training-puppy-tips", "http://www.worldclasscanine.com/German_Shepherd.html" ] }

[]

[ "£14,250.", "£78,335" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "This is what usually happens if the employee wins their case. This is split into the Basic Award and the Compensatory Award. The maximum an employee can be awarded in compensation for unfair dismissal is £ 92,585 - the maximum amounts under the Basic Award and Compensatory Award combined. ", "Further, there is no upper limit on the compensation that can be awarded for discrimination claims under the Equality Act 2010. In practice. In reality, in 2011 / 2012, the median award for unfair dismissal claims was £4,560. Therefore, many compensatory awards are unlikely to be affected by the new limit. However, the government considered there to be ‘broad support’ for a cap linking the maximum potential award to an individual’s own salary.", "The time limit for lodging a claim for unfair dismissal at a Tribunal is three months, less one day, from the effective date of termination of the contract of employment. This time limit is strictly applied. Certain dismissals are automatically unfair in which case the employee just has to show that the dismissal was for one of the following reasons: 1 Membership (or non membership) of a trade union or for trade union activities. 2 Health and safety.", "The maximum payout for unfair dismissal at tribunal will be capped at one year’s salary, as part of a raft of measures aimed at making it easier to dismiss underperforming staff, the Government announced. The Government has announced further measures to cut red tape for business. There are no plans to change the maximum payout, the Business Department said. In reality, the typical payout for unfair dismissal is only round £5,000, according to BIS, with only one in 350 people receiving an award worth more than their own salary.", "Posted on: 29 Jun, 2012 | Contact: The high-income threshold for determining eligibility to make unfair dismissal claims will rise from $118,100 to $123,300 from 1 July this year. The high-income threshold amount is calculated and indexed annually; it will change again in 2013. ", "New limit for unfair dismissal compensatory award. The unfair dismissal compensatory award is usually subject to an upper limit, currently £74,200. For dismissals taking effect on or after 29 July 2013, however, a new cap will apply, being the lower of £74,200 or one year’s salary. In practice. In reality, in 2011 / 2012, the median award for unfair dismissal claims was £4,560. Therefore, many compensatory awards are unlikely to be affected by the new limit. However, the government considered there to be ‘broad support’ for a cap linking the maximum potential award to an individual’s own salary.", "Employees with 12 months' service have the right to claim unfair dismissal if the dismissal was not carried out fairly. The remedies for unfair dismissal are a basic award and a compensatory award, reinstatement or re-engagement. Basic award. The basic award is calculated as follows (subject to a maximum of 20 years' service): 1 1.5 weeks' pay for each complete year of service after reaching the age of 41; In rare cases, a 100% reduction may be awarded. It is also possible for the tribunal to reduce the amount of the compensation awarded to take into account the employee's behaviour if that behaviour has contributed to the dismissal.", "For example, the cap on unfair dismissal awards of 12 months or the statutory cap, whichever is the lower, and the new settlement agreements procedure.. The Institute of Directors, however, said the Government could have gone further by reducing the overall maximum compensation limit from £72,400 down signficantly. There are no plans to change the maximum payout, the Business Department said. In reality, the typical payout for unfair dismissal is only round £5,000, according to BIS, with only one in 350 people receiving an award worth more than their own salary.", "The tribunal will need to identify an appropriate cut-off point for compensation if you have not secured any new employment as at the hearing date. The maximum amount that you can be awarded as compensation for Unfair Dismissal is presently the statutory cap of £78,335, or 52 weeks gross salary-whichever is the lower. This is in addition to the basic award which can be ordered by the Tribunal of up to a maximum of £14,250. These figures are correct as at 2015. If there is a dismissal, the onus is on an employer to show that the reason (or if more than one, then the principal reason), for dismissing an employee falls into one of the categories set out in the Employment Rights Act 1996. These categories are as follows:", "New compensation limits for dismissals set for 2013. New compensation limits have been set by the Government for unfair dismissals and will come into force from February 2013. The limit on compensation for unfair dismissal will be raised to £74,200 from £72,300. The minimum compensation for individuals excluded or expelled from a union and not admitted or re-admitted by the date of a tribunal application has risen to £8,400 from £8,100. The new rates apply to cases in which the events leading to a claim happen on or after 1" ], "url": [ "http://www.compactlaw.co.uk/free-legal-information/employment-law/compensation-for-unfair-dismissal.html", "http://www.brodies.com/node/2071", "http://www.thompsonstradeunionlaw.co.uk/information-and-resources/unfair-dismissal-redundancy.htm", "http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/jobs/9809254/Unfair-dismissal-payout-capped-at-one-years-salary.html", "http://cornwalls.com.au/sharing-knowledge/legal-updates/high-income-threshold-for-unfair-dismissals-increased-from-1-july.aspx", "http://www.brodies.com/node/2071", "http://www.out-law.com/topics/employment/termination/what-are-employees-entitled-to-receive-for-unfair-dismissal/", "http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/jobs/9809254/Unfair-dismissal-payout-capped-at-one-years-salary.html", "http://www.landaulaw.co.uk/unfair-dismissal/", "http://www.acas.org.uk/index.aspx?articleid=4074" ] }

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[ "Three to six months.", "Same as H1B visa between three to six months." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The H1B processing time varies because all cases are different. Generally it takes between three to six months to process an H-1B visa. You must wait at least two weeks after you send in your application for a receipt from the USCIS and another two weeks before you call the USCIS to check the status. ", "7. Wait for the H1B petition to be processed. Processing times vary depending upon service center and the visa. It could be a few months wait. If the H1B employer can show a substantial need for the employee, USCIS might approve the petition sooner. There is no set timeframe for a visa to be processed by the USCIS when filed through Regular Processing (it can take anywhere from 1 month to 6 months) Below is an outline for the Regular H1B visa Processing method. H1B Visa - ' Regular' Application Process: 1", "H1B Visa Application Process-H1B Regular Processing H1B visa applications can be filed by US employers one of 2 methods: - H1B Regular Processing, or-H1B Premium Processing The difference is that H1B Premium Processing is a faster method to obtain an H1B visa. There is no set timeframe for a visa to be processed by the USCIS when filed through Regular Processing (it can take anywhere from 1 month to 6 months) Below is an outline for the Regular H1B visa Processing method. H1B Visa - ' Regular' Application Process: 1", "Family of (Spouse and unmarried children under 21) of an H1 visa holder is eligible to get H-4 visas to live in US. There is no additional qualification required for H4 visa. The duration of H4 visa is the same as H1B visa of the principal. H4 visa holders are not allowed work in US and are also not eligible to get a Social Security Number. H1 Visa holders can get drivers license and get and tax payer id for tax purpose. H4 visa holders can apply for other nonimmigrant such as the F-1 (student Visa). H4 Visa applicants can apply for employment, get H1B visa and legally work in US. H4 visa can be obtained at local US consulate office in applicant’s home country. If the applicant (H4 Visa applicant) is already in the US, then H-4 visa can be obtained by filing Form I-539. (TOP)", "H1B Visa Premium Processing. As the name suggests, the Premium Processing Service allows a faster processing time after the H1 visa petition is received. The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS, formerly the INS) guarantee that it will process the visa petition within 15 days under this service. ", "The H1B visa classification permits a foreign national to work in the United States for a temporary period. It is available for offers of employment that are in a specialty occupation*. A person may hold H1B status for a maximum of six years, and it may be issued in increments of up to three years by the USCIS. ", "However, if that office is taking longer than the visa processing time goal (including H1B processing) to handle the visa form type in question, you will see the filing date (e.g., April 10, 2003) of the last case that was processed on the date the chart was last updated. ", "If you're a worker with legal nonimmigrant status, you can apply for dependent visas for your children and spouse so they can join you for as long as your visa is valid. A dependent visa, also called an H-4 visa, can be applied for any time after your H-1B petition is approved. Read on to learn the procedure for applying for a dependent visa from outside the US, and applying for an extension from inside the US. In order to apply for the H-4 visa, you will need the following documents: 1 A copy of the H-1B approval form (form I-797). 2 A marriage certificate or birth certificate showing the relationship between the H-1B holder and child or spouse." ], "url": [ "http://faq.visapro.com/H1B-Visa-FAQ6.asp", "http://www.h1base.com/visa/work/h1b%20visa%20application%20regular%20process/ref/1166/", "http://www.h1base.com/visa/work/h1b%20visa%20application%20regular%20process/ref/1166/", "http://www.usavisastore.com/immigration/migrate-to-usa/h4-dependent-visa/2832", "http://www.path2usa.com/h1b-visa-premium-processing", "http://www.murthy.com/worker/h1b-visa-status/", "http://www.h1bvisa.info/usa_visa_2011_and_h1b_processing_time_california_center_and_premium_processing", "http://www.wikihow.com/Apply-For-a-Dependent-Visa" ] }

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[ "12 hours to 3 days" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The incubation period for pink eye is defined as the period between transmission and the beginning of symptoms. Once the virus or bacterium enters the eye, symptoms do not begin immediately. For a viral infection, the incubation period is generally 12 hours to three days. For pink eye caused by a bacterial infection, symptoms generally start one to three days after transmission.", "For someone with pink eye caused by a virus, the person can be contagious for up to 14 days from the time that symptoms first appear. Keep in mind that just because you or your child was given an antibiotic, this does not necessarily mean that it is bacterial conjunctivitis. ", "Please Share! When pink eye is caused by certain bacteria or viruses, the infected person can be contagious for several days to several weeks or more. Fortunately, people do not appear to be contagious during the incubation period the time between when they are exposed and when pink eye symptoms begin. Schools and day care centers often require a child diagnosed with pink eye to stay home until the condition is resolved.", "The incubation period for pink eye will vary, depending on whether it is caused by bacteria or a virus and the specific type. For a viral infection, generally 12 hours to three days later, signs and/or symptoms of pink eye will appear. Incubation Period for Pink Eye: An Overview. Pink eye is the layman's term for conjunctivitis. Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva, which is a clear, thin piece of tissue that covers the whites of the eyes and the inner eyelids. There are several reasons why the conjunctiva can become inflamed.", "1. Pink eye caused by virus or bacteria is highly contagious, but during the incubation period for pink eye, it is not contagious. Bacterial conjunctivitis becomes contagious when the symptoms start to appear and continue for 24 hours after an antibiotic is given. Incubation Period for Pink Eye. Conjunctivitis is also referred to as red eye and is quite common. It is also called infectious conjunctivitis. The front of the eye is covered with a thin tissue layer which gets red and inflamed.", "Incubation period for pink eye caused by virus is around 12 hours to 3 days and a person can go back to work or school when the symptoms improve. That would be in 3 to 5 days. For bacterial infection, the person can go back to work 24 hours after antibiotic has been administered and symptoms start improving. Incubation Period for Pink Eye. Conjunctivitis is also referred to as red eye and is quite common. It is also called infectious conjunctivitis. The front of the eye is covered with a thin tissue layer which gets red and inflamed.", "The incubation period for pink eye can range from a couple of days to a couple of weeks. More Info: Conjunctivitis, more commonly referred to as pink eye, can be caused by a variety of factors. The incubation period, that is the span of time that elapses between a person coming in contact with the infection and the symptoms ultimately appearing, depend upon what has caused the infection. " ], "url": [ "http://pinkeyetreatmentinfo.com/learn-more-about-pink-eye-incubation-period/", "http://kids.emedtv.com/pink-eye/pink-eye-incubation-period-p2.html", "http://www.allaboutvision.com/faq/pinkeye-contagious.htm", "http://kids.emedtv.com/pink-eye/pink-eye-incubation-period.html", "http://www.newhealthadvisor.com/Incubation-Period-for-Pink-Eye.html", "http://www.newhealthadvisor.com/Incubation-Period-for-Pink-Eye.html", "http://www.sophisticatededge.com/incubation-period-for-pink-eye.html" ] }

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[ "The vacuole" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "An active cell constantly produces waste products. cytoplasm, organelles called lysosomes contain chemicals. (enzymes) that digest wastes and worn-out cell parts. These. chemicals also break down food. These organelles are found primarily in animal cells. Cells require a continuous supply of energy. The cell wall is a rigid structure outside the cell membrane that. supports and protects the cell (for plants, fungi, and some. protists and bacteria). The cell wall is made of tough cellulose fibers and other. materials made by the cell. Note: fungal cell walls contain chitin. instead of cellulose.", "The vacuole is the organelle that stores food, water, and waste. They're are present in both plant and animal cells, but are more prominent in plant cells. The central vacuole, an organelle that a plant cell has that an animal cell doesn't have, stores food, water, and wastes. The central vacuole also supports the plant cell's st … ructure when full. The vacuole (in both plants and animals) has the same function but isn't big enough to support the cell's structure", "Plastids are double membrane bound organelles. It is in plastids that plants make and store food. Plastids are found in the cytoplasm and there are two main types: Leucoplasts-colorless organelles which store starch or other plant nutrients. (example-starch stored in a potato). Chromoplasts-contain different colored pigments. The most important type of chromoplast is the chloroplast, which contains the green pigment chlorophyll. This is important in the process of photosynthesis.", "Question and answer. Which organelle is used as temporary storage for water, waste products, food, and other cellular material? Vacuole is used as temporary storage for water, waste products, food, [ and other cellular material. ]. ", "Vacuole (12)  A sac of fluid surrounded by a membrane  FUNCTION-stores food, enzymes, and other materials for the cell. Some store waste products.  Plant Cells have one LARGE vacuole that contains water and other substances. ", "Cell Parts and Organelle Functions -. The cell membrane (or plasma Membrane) is a structure that forms the outer boundary of the cell and allows only certain materials to move into and out of the cell. Food, oxygen and water move into the cell through the membrane. Waste products also leave through the membrane. The cell wall is a rigid structure outside the cell membrane that. supports and protects the cell (for plants, fungi, and some. protists and bacteria). The cell wall is made of tough cellulose fibers and other. materials made by the cell. Note: fungal cell walls contain chitin. instead of cellulose.", "Cell Membrane The cell membrane protects the cell and regulates what substances enter and leave the cell. Vacuole Most mature plant cells have one large vacuole. This sac within the cytoplasm stores water, food, waste products, and other materials. Chloroplasts These organelles capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell. Golgi BodyRibosomesMitochondrionCytoplasm Plant Cell sx05_LEP_L_ch2.fm Page 64 Monday, September 27, 2004 11:53 AM Vacuole Some animal cells have vacuoles that store food, water, waste, and other materials. Golgi Body The Golgi bodies receive materials from the endoplasmic reticulum and send them to other parts of the cell. They also release materials outside the cell. Cytoplasm The cytoplasm includes a gel-like fluid in which many different organelles are found." ], "url": [ "http://salem.k12.va.us/staff/jwright/CellPartsandOrganelleFunctions.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/In_which_organelle_is_used_to_store_food_water_and_waste", "http://www.edu.pe.ca/gray/class_pages/rcfleming/cells/notes.htm", "http://www.weegy.com/?ConversationId=3ZPZO21B", "http://thebiologywebsite.com/documents/NTK_99_Cell_Organelle_Coloring.pdf", "http://salem.k12.va.us/staff/jwright/CellPartsandOrganelleFunctions.htm", "http://mrsbader.com/pdf/8-1-Cells/PlantandAnimalCells.pdf" ] }

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[ "Located in British Columbia, Canada, is the largest Pacific island east of New Zealand." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "View north to Washington State, from Rocky Butte, Oregon. Mount St. Helens, the Columbia River, Government Island (running through center of image), and the Interstate 205 Bridge are all in this view looking north from Rocky Butte. Columbia River and Government Island complex, looking upstream, as seen from Rocky Butte. View of the Columbia River, with Government Island (left on river) and McGuire Island (center of river). McGuire Island is part of the Government Island complex. Image taken June 15, 2005.", "The downstream tip of Government Island (downstream of the Interstate 205 Bridge) is Lemon Island, and two smaller islands are on the north side of Lemon Island. The larger (0.8-miles in length) is referred to as Tri-Club Island, and the smaller is unnamed. Columbia River and Government Island complex, looking upstream, as seen from Rocky Butte. View of the Columbia River, with Government Island (left on river) and McGuire Island (center of river). McGuire Island is part of the Government Island complex. Image taken June 15, 2005.", "Vancouver Island is separated from mainland British Columbia by the Strait of Georgia and Queen Charlotte Strait, and from Washington by the Juan De Fuca Strait. Vancouver Island, located in British Columbia, Canada, is the largest Pacific island east of New Zealand. While the city of Vancouver stands on the North American mainland, Victoria, the capital city of British Columbia, is located on the island. Along with most of the southern Gulf Islands, plus various minor islands offshore from its southern end, the southern part of Vancouver Island is the only part of British Columbia (and of Western Canada) that lies south of the 49th Parallel.", "Three miles downstream lies Hayden Island and just upstream is Lady Island. Government Island lies between the Portland International Airport on the Oregon shore and Vancouver, Washington, on the northern shore. The Interstate 205 bridge crosses Government Island and connects the two shores. Columbia River and Government Island complex, looking upstream, as seen from Rocky Butte. View of the Columbia River, with Government Island (left on river) and McGuire Island (center of river). McGuire Island is part of the Government Island complex. Image taken June 15, 2005.", "Government Island, a historic 18th and 19th century quarry site provided Aquia sandstone for the construction of the U.S. Capitol and the White House and other historic buildings in Washington, D.C. Today this 17-acre park is a historic scenic nature preserve and archaeological site. Located in the middle of Stafford I-95 exit 140, Visit the quarry where the U.S. Government's most famous buildings were born.", "Most of the island is owned by the Port of Portland. The Port acquired the entire island (as well as adjacent Lemon Island and McGuire Island) in 1969 in order to expand nearby Portland International Airport. (Although there is a city controlled locked gate in the 205 fence.) Government Island is known for its great blue heron colony and the Government Island State Recreation Area (primitive camping, beaches).", "Map of Government Island. Government Island is a 1,760-acre (7 km 2) island in the Columbia River north of Portland, in Multnomah County, in the U.S. state of Oregon. Though Interstate 205 passes over it on the Glenn L. Jackson Memorial Bridge, access to the island is only by boat. (Although there is a city controlled locked gate in the 205 fence.) Government Island is known for its great blue heron colony and the Government Island State Recreation Area (primitive camping, beaches).", "Downstream side of the Interstate-205 Bridge as seen from Marine Drive, Oregon. Government Island is to the left and the Oregon banks of the Columbia River are to the right. Mount Hood, Oregon, is in the background. Columbia River and Government Island complex, looking upstream, as seen from Rocky Butte. View of the Columbia River, with Government Island (left on river) and McGuire Island (center of river). McGuire Island is part of the Government Island complex. Image taken June 15, 2005." ], "url": [ "http://columbiariverimages.com/Regions/Places/government_island.html", "http://columbiariverimages.com/Regions/Places/government_island.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancouver_Island", "http://columbiariverimages.com/Regions/Places/government_island.html", "http://tourstaffordva.com/things-to-do/details/government-island", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_Island_(Oregon)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_Island_(Oregon)", "http://columbiariverimages.com/Regions/Places/government_island.html" ] }

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[ "Efferent nerves carry nerve impulses from your brain to parts of your body and The nerves responsible for sensing a stimulus and sending information about the stimulus to your central nervous system are called afferent neurons.", "It is a long process (projection) extending far from the nerve cell body that carries nerve impulses from sensory receptors or sense organs toward the central nervous system." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The opposite direction of neural activity is afferent conduction. In the nervous system there is a closed loop system of sensation, decision, and reactions. This process is carried out through the activity of afferent neurons (sensory neurons), interneurons, and efferent neurons (motor neurons). The motor nerves are efferent nerves involved in muscular control. In the peripheral nervous system, an efferent nerve fiber is the nerve fiber (axon) of an efferent neuron (motor neuron).", "(April 2014). In the peripheral nervous system, an afferent nerve fiber is the nerve fiber (axon) of an afferent neuron (sensory neuron). It is a long process (projection) extending far from the nerve cell body that carries nerve impulses from sensory receptors or sense organs toward the central nervous system. This process is carried out through the activity of afferent neurons (sensory neurons), interneurons, and efferent neurons (motor neurons). A touch or painful stimulus, for example, creates a sensation in the brain only after information about the stimulus travels there via afferent nerve pathways.", "Afferent and efferent neurons are the two types of nerve fibers that perform these functions. We do a comparison between the two. Before we proceed to the comparison between afferent vs. efferent neurons, it is imperative that we gain some insight into the processing of impulses by the nervous system. Afferent neurons are connected to efferent neurons via multipolar neurons called interneurons. Interneurons are also called relay, association, or local circuit neurons. Similar to efferent neurons, the cell bodies of interneurons are located inside the central", "The neuron is a single nerve cell, and you have billions of them. There are three basic types of neurons: association, afferent, and efferent. The association neurons comprise the central nervous system (CNS) that is the brain and spinal cord. The afferent neurons are also known as the sensory neurons: they bring the stimuli from the sensors (e.g., skin, eyes, ears) to the CNS.", "The opposite direction of neural activity is efferent conduction. In the nervous system there is a closed loop system of sensation, decision, and reactions. This process is carried out through the activity of afferent neurons (sensory neurons), interneurons, and efferent neurons (motor neurons). A touch or painful stimulus, for example, creates a sensation in the brain only after information about the stimulus travels there via afferent nerve pathways.", "There are many types of neurons in your body that help you see, smell, hear, and move. In this lesson you'll learn more about afferent, efferent, sensory, and motor neurons. Test your knowledge at the end with a quiz. When you first smelled the sock, you were able to send signals up to your brain which registered inside of the brain as a certain type of smell. The nerves responsible for sensing a stimulus and sending information about the stimulus to your central nervous system are called afferent neurons.", "They carry nerve impulses from your sensory organs, like your eyes, to your brain, or your central nervous system (CNS). When your eyes see something shiny on the ground, your afferent nerves tell your brain what your eyes see. In contrast, efferent nerves carry nerve impulses from your brain to parts of your body. So, when you see something shiny on the ground, your brain tells you to pick it up and look at it. Efferent = Exiting, the nerves impulses are exiting your brain. Afferent = the opposite", "Therefore, afferent and efferent neurons use a neuron which forms a connection between two or more neurons that we synonymously call an interneuron or association neuron. This is the most abundant type of neuron in your body. When you first smelled the sock, you were able to send signals up to your brain which registered inside of the brain as a certain type of smell. The nerves responsible for sensing a stimulus and sending information about the stimulus to your central nervous system are called afferent neurons.", "Afferent neurons' somas are located in the ganglia of the peripheral nervous system, and the axons of these cells travel from ganglion to ganglion and lead back to the spinal cord. The majority of these are unipolar neurons in that they have a single axon leaving the cell body and is sent towards the sensory organ. This process is carried out through the activity of afferent neurons (sensory neurons), interneurons, and efferent neurons (motor neurons). A touch or painful stimulus, for example, creates a sensation in the brain only after information about the stimulus travels there via afferent nerve pathways." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efferent_nerve_fiber", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afferent_nerve", "http://www.buzzle.com/articles/afferent-vs-efferent.html", "http://www.saylor.org/site/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/TLBrink_PSYCH04.pdf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afferent_nerve", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/types-of-neurons-sensory-afferent-motor-efferent-more.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_function_of_afferent_nerves", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/types-of-neurons-sensory-afferent-motor-efferent-more.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afferent_nerve" ] }

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[ "Phylum an animal" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "porifera means pore bearing sponges are covered with tiny pores on the outside called ostia 2 ostia lead to an internal system of canals which leads to one or more larger holes called oscula which are the openings to the out side ostia are surrounded by donut shaped cells called porocytes the life of a sponge elephant ear sponge 2006 richard ling the word sponge for most of us relates to the scrubbing sponge or a bath sponge it is easy to forget that there is much more to sponges than the scrubbing and bath the sponges are living animals that live in the water", "sponges are classified in the phylum porifera a word that comes from the latin words porus pore and ferre bear meaning pore bearer this is a reference to the numerous holes pores on the sponge s surface sponges do not have tissues or organs like some animals do but they have specialized cells to perform necessary functions these cells each have a job some are in charge of digestion some reproduction some bringing in water so the sponge can filter feed and some for getting rid of wastes", "sponges are the simplest form of multi cellular animals they are very diverse and come in a large variety of colours shapes and structural complexities they range in heights of 1 200cm and in diameters of 1 150cm they have partially differentiated tissues and not true tissues sponges don t have internal organs they don t have muscles a nervous system or a circulatory system their walls are lined with many small pores called ostia that allow water flow into the sponge the structure of a sponge is simple one end is attached to a solid such as a rock while the other end called the osculum is open to the environment sponges are able to get microorganisms such as algae and bacteria for food through openings", "unlike the cells of most other animals the cells of sponges do not form into various organs like kidney liver or nerves sponge cells are totipotent dawkins 2004 the totipotent cells could give rise to reproductive cells or other types of cells of the organism the life of a sponge elephant ear sponge 2006 richard ling the word sponge for most of us relates to the scrubbing sponge or a bath sponge it is easy to forget that there is much more to sponges than the scrubbing and bath the sponges are living animals that live in the water", "the skeleton or structure of sponges is formed by spicules which are made of silica a glass like material or calcareous calcium or calcium carbonate materials and spongin a protein that supports the spicules sponge species may be most readily identified by examining their spicules under a microscope sponges do not have tissues or organs like some animals do but they have specialized cells to perform necessary functions these cells each have a job some are in charge of digestion some reproduction some bringing in water so the sponge can filter feed and some for getting rid of wastes", "porifera the cells sponges have a cellular grade of organization they do not possess any structures that can be considered organs for instance sponges do not have stomachs or kidneys instead sponge cells of various types are responsible for bodily functions the day to day activities that sustain life many of the most common types of cells are illustrated below in a cartoon view of the wall of a poriferan", "the phylum porifera consists of the sponges to make it into the porifera phylum an animal must have no true tissue some contain spicules a skeletal element and all contain choanocysts a type of cell which move water through the porous bodies of poriferas porifera also have totipotent cells which have the cabalitity of changing into whatever type of cell is needed by the organism ", "reproduction by sponges is by both sexual and asexual means asexual reproduction is by means of external buds some species also form internal buds called gemmules which can survive extremely unfavorable conditions that cause the rest of the sponge to die sexual reproduction takes place in the mesohyl other characteristics of sponges include a system of pores also called ostia and canals through which water passes water movement is driven by the beating of flagellae which are located on specialized cells called choanocytes collar cells" ], "url": [ "http://tolweb.org/treehouses/?treehouse_id=4291", "http://marinelife.about.com/od/invertebrates/p/Sponges.htm", "http://www.tolweb.org/treehouses/?treehouse_id=3431", "http://tolweb.org/treehouses/?treehouse_id=4291", "http://marinelife.about.com/od/invertebrates/p/Sponges.htm", "http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/porifera/pororg.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_the_phylum_name_porifera_mean", "http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Porifera/" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Re: Mack Tuna: *Eating Qualities. This might be common knowledge but a good way of bleeding tuna is by taking a sharp knife and making a vertical cut just behind the pectoral fins. the blood comes rushing out if done strait away. Speak up if so as I have your gloves. We filleted a mack tuna that a "matt" hit at fishrock at SWR. Nice fish but when we filleted it the flesh was blood black and really didnt look inviting. We didnt bleed it so that would prob be a major factor. Befor we go out again matt can you fix your inside leg seem.", "Nutrition. A 3-ounce serving of chunk light tuna canned in water contains 99 calories, 22 grams of protein and 0.7 grams of fat, making it a good choice for people looking for a low-fat protein source. This is 44 percent of the daily value for protein for people following a 2,000-calorie diet. ", "Ask any bodybuilder or fitness-lover what he or she thinks of canned tuna and there's a good chance that you'll get this answer: Canned tuna is a time-saving miracle food, said with eyes full of wonder and happiness. Of course, you have to like tuna to eat canned tuna. As far as meal-in-a-can foods go, tuna is bland. ", "Re: Mack Tuna: *Eating Qualities. Most of the time when people tell you something tastes crap, it's just them having a wank about how much they know. I was told the 3 kilo Bonito I once bought from the co-op wouldn't even impress my cat. It was beautiful. Speak up if so as I have your gloves. We filleted a mack tuna that a "matt" hit at fishrock at SWR. Nice fish but when we filleted it the flesh was blood black and really didnt look inviting. We didnt bleed it so that would prob be a major factor. Befor we go out again matt can you fix your inside leg seem.", "Haven't tried this with mack tuna, but have done it with tailor which has a similar soft oily flesh and came out pretty good. Usually eat it as a starter or snack before main meal. I usually just eyeball the ingredients, but below is an approximation for one fillet off the fish you are holding. Of course that means you have lot of leftover tuna. #Which is just perfect as snapper bait ... #8-). Last, I'm a great believer in making sure ingredients go together. #Dipping mack tuna in beer batter and deep frying it might make sense (maybe) but it's definitely not going to taste like snapper.", "Canned tuna is inexpensive and packed with protein. The fish is mild in flavor and versatile enough to include in a variety of nutritious recipes. Opt for tuna canned in water, and a serving contains less than 1 gram of fat and only about 100 calories. You'll also get a good dose iron and potassium as well. While you shouldn't eat tuna every day because of its mercury content, you can still safely enjoy canned tuna as a regular part of your healthy eating plan. Omega-3 Fatty Acids. The small amount of fat present in canned light tuna is mostly the healthy unsaturated kind, including omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids support a healthy brain and promote proper growth and development.", "#That makes the meat a lot more like beef than fish. #Mack tuna are even richer than most tuna so they have a strong taste if not bled. Second, because they are such speedsters, mack tuna have lots of interior support such as tendons and blood cavities. #The only part I consider worth eating is the large muscle along the back that doesn't have any tendons in it. Of course that means you have lot of leftover tuna. #Which is just perfect as snapper bait ... #8-). Last, I'm a great believer in making sure ingredients go together. #Dipping mack tuna in beer batter and deep frying it might make sense (maybe) but it's definitely not going to taste like snapper.", "The only time I have ever eaten mack tuna was at the Mackerel Islands one year when a Greek friend baked one up with garlic and vegetables – it tasted pretty good too, given that it looked so bloody and uninviting when he prepared it. Most readers will have eaten mack tuna in its canned form. Mack tuna are members of the very important family Scombridae that includes all mackerel, tuna and bonito. Size. The Australian all-tackle game fishing record stands at 11.8 kilos, taken in Queensland back in 1973. The West Australian record is a bit smaller at 8.9 kilos taken off Exmouth in 1995 by Geoff Moyle.", "Although the mack tuna schools tend to contain larger fish, the star record for striped tuna is about 2kg heavier. Mack tuna are a northern species and are most common from Carnarvon north although Kalbarri does play host to many schools quite close to shore. Those stripes on top of the back make the Mack Tuna look very much like a mackerel in the water. Striped Tuna. Striped tuna certainly look blue rather than green and have prominent horizontal stripes along the body." ], "url": [ "http://www.spearfishing.com.au/sf-forum/threads/5619-Mack-Tuna-nbsp-Eating-Qualities", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/health-advantages-eating-tuna-5706.html", "http://www.bodybuilding.com/fun/8-ways-to-prepare-tuna.html", "http://www.spearfishing.com.au/sf-forum/threads/5619-Mack-Tuna-nbsp-Eating-Qualities", "http://ausfish.com.au/vforum/archive/index.php/t-100870.html", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/canned-tuna-good-you-4257.html", "http://ausfish.com.au/vforum/archive/index.php/t-100870.html", "http://www.westernangler.com.au/fishing-info/fish-guide/196-mackerel-tuna", "http://www.fishingwa.com/species/tuna-striped-and-mackerel/" ] }

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[ "The total amount of money that a company pays to its employees." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Answer. Arrears payroll means employees are paid approximately two weeks after the end of a pay cycle. Employees are paid for the 1st-15th of each month at the end of that month. Then employees are paid for the 16th-31st of each month in the middle of the following month (15th or 16th). ", "In business, payroll governs all the forms of compensation that a company uses. At its most basic form, payroll is made of wages and salaries, but a company must account not only for taxes and incentive plans, but a number of fees and costs about which the employee may not be completely aware. Elements. Gross payroll is made out of several elements. The major component is the main form of compensation, given in either a wage or a salary. But many employees also receive money from bonuses, overtime, pay for time off and time sick and payment allowances for tools and services they need to buy.", "Payroll taxes are taxes imposed on employers or employees, and are usually calculated as a percentage of the salaries that employers pay their staff. Payroll taxes generally fall into two categories: deductions from an employee’s wages, and taxes paid by the employer based on the employee's wages. ", "Definition. Gross payroll is the total amount of money designated for a particular employee or for all employees in the business, depending on how the term is being used. The goal is to provide a maximum figure that can be easily examined by managers, payroll employees and analysts. Elements. Gross payroll is made out of several elements. The major component is the main form of compensation, given in either a wage or a salary. But many employees also receive money from bonuses, overtime, pay for time off and time sick and payment allowances for tools and services they need to buy.", "DEFINITION of 'Payroll'. The sum total of all compensation that a business must pay to its employees for a set period of time or on a given date. Payroll is usually managed by the accounting department of a business. Small-business payrolls may be handled directly by the owner or an associate. Payroll can also refer to the list of employees of a business and the amount of compensation that is due to each of them. Payroll is a major expense for most businesses and is almost always deductible as such. Payroll can differ from one pay period to another due to overtime, sick pay and other variables", "• PAYROLL (noun). The noun PAYROLL has 3 senses: 1. a list of employees and their salaries. 2. the total amount of money paid in wages. 3. the department that determines the amounts of wage or salary due to each employee. Familiarity information: PAYROLL used as a noun is uncommon.", "Gross payroll is the total amount of money designated for a particular employee or for all employees in the business, depending on how the term is being used. Elements. Gross payroll is made out of several elements. The major component is the main form of compensation, given in either a wage or a salary. But many employees also receive money from bonuses, overtime, pay for time off and time sick and payment allowances for tools and services they need to buy.", "A payroll is a company's list of its employees, but the term is commonly used to refer to: 1 the total amount of money that a company pays to its employees. 2 a company's records of its employees' salaries and wages, bonuses, and withheld taxes. 1 the total amount of money that a company pays to its employees. 2 a company's records of its employees' salaries and wages, bonuses, and withheld taxes. 3 the company's department that calculates and pays these." ], "url": [ "http://humanresources.ext.wvu.edu/payroll_process/payroll_faqs/arrears", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/gross-payroll-mean-24171.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payroll_tax", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/gross-payroll-mean-24171.html", "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/payroll.asp", "http://www.audioenglish.org/dictionary/payroll.htm", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/gross-payroll-mean-24171.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payroll" ] }

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[ "$56.44 – $111.32 per hour." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "On average, general surgeons can earn anywhere between $69,000 and $348,000 a year. The average salary for an orthopedic surgeon is between $122,000 and $549,000 per year. 1 million for 6 months It depends on the number of customers (patients) and how much profit they average per customer.", "more than $50 an hour....depending on the type of surgeon. a surgeon makes $189,000 a year on average. that averages out to $517 a day or $21.58 an hour of he works 24/7 365 days a year. or if he/she works only week days they would make $724 a day or$31.21 an hour.", "General surgeon salary and wage in USA. Based on percentiles, the median yearly salary for 90th percentile of surgeons has been around $419,139. Similarly, about 75th percentile of surgeons received $367,032, 25th percentile of them received $271,246 while 10th percentile received $236,145 per year.", "Average Pay. According to the ongoing Allied Physicians Salary Survey, plastic surgeons earn anywhere from $237,000 (entry-level) to $820,000 (top earners) per year. Additionally, Salary.com lists a median salary of $321,017 as of 2010 for reconstructive plastic surgeons.", "The median hourly wage for a general surgeon ranges from between $56.44 – $111.32 per hour. Some of the best paying states for general surgeons are New York $300,000, Houston $264,000, Miami $255,000, Los Angeles $287,000 and Seattle $280,000. general surgeon salary.", "Average orthopedic surgeon salary. The median expected salary for an orthopedic surgeon in the United States is about $412,453 per annum while an average hourly wage based on the size of work setting and medical experience ranges from $26,00 to $204,50 per hour.", "General surgeon salary in UK. The average and median salaries for general surgeons in the UK is about £65,000 per year. A general surgeon’s salary varies based on one’s age such as the one in 20s earns up to £48,750, one in 30s earns about £63,700, in 40s and in 50s earns about £75,400.", "According to percentiles, the median salary for 90th percentile of orthopedic surgeons has been around $686,289 per year. Similarly, about 75th percentile of orthopedic surgeons received about $555,789, 25th percentile of them received $324,032 while 10th percentile received $243,530 per year." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_do_surgeons_earn_hourly", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_do_surgeons_earn_hourly", "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/physicians/general-surgeon-salary", "http://www.ehow.com/info_8037455_much-plastic-surgeon-make-hour.html", "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/physicians/general-surgeon-salary", "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/physicians/orthopedic-surgeon-salary", "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/physicians/general-surgeon-salary", "http://www.healthcare-salaries.com/physicians/orthopedic-surgeon-salary" ] }

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[ "A rash is an inflammatory reaction of the skin" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A rash is a noticeable change in the texture or color of the skin. The skin may become itchy, bumpy, chapped, scaly, or otherwise irritated. Rashes are caused by a wide range of conditions, including allergies, medication, cosmetics, and various diseases. Other types of rashes include: 1 eczema: a common rash for people with asthma or allergies. 2 The rash is often reddish and itchy, with a scaly texture. 3 bug bites: tick bites are of particular concern, as they can transmit disease. 4 psoriasis: a scaly, itchy, red rash that forms along the scalp and joint", "A rash means some change has affected the skin. Rashes are generally caused by skin irritation, which can have many causes. A rash is generally a minor problem that may go away with home treatment. In some cases a rash does not go away or the skin may become so irritated that medical care is needed. In adults and older children, rashes are often caused by contact with a substance that irritates the skin (contact dermatitis).", "Rash facts. 1 Rash is not a specific diagnosis. 2 Common rashes include eczema, poison ivy, hives, and heat rash. 3 Infections that cause rashes may be fungal, bacterial, parasitic, or viral. 4 Over-the-counter products may be helpful treatments for many skin rashes. 5 Rashes lasting more than a few days that are unexplained should be evaluated by a doctor. Rash facts. 1 Rash is not a specific diagnosis. 2 Instead it means skin inflammation and discoloration that changes the way the skin looks. 3 Common rashes include eczema, poison ivy, hives, and heat rash. 4 Infections that cause rashes may be fungal, bacterial, parasitic, or viral", "Rash. A person with a generalized rash has a rash that covers most of the body, or has a rash in several locations on the body. A person with a localized rash has a rash that is present in only one location on the body. Common causes of generalized rash include viral infections and allergic reactions. Common causes of localized rash include skin sensitivity and bacterial infections. ", "Heat rash (prickly heat) is a red or pink rash usually found on body areas covered by clothing. It can develop when the sweat ducts become blocked and swell and often leads to discomfort and itching. Heat rash is most common in babies, but it may affect adults in hot, humid climates. Heat rash looks like dots or tiny pimples. In young children, heat rash can appear on the head, neck, and shoulders. The rash areas can get irritated by clothing or scratching, and, in rare cases, a secondary skin infection may develop.", "The word rash means a change in the color and texture of skin that usually causes an outbreak of red patches or bumps on the skin. In common usage of the term, a rash can refer to many different skin conditions. A rash can be caused, directly or indirectly, by a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection. Doctors use specific terms to describe rashes. A macular rash refers to flat, small red patches on the skin, while a papular rash refers to small raised red bumps. If both rash symptoms and signs are present, a rash is called maculopapular.", "A rash is an inflammatory reaction of the skin. Rashes can be caused by a wide variety of mild to serious diseases, disorders and conditions. Rashes can affect a small area of the skin or the full body and occur in all age groups and populations. Rashes vary greatly in appearance, extent and severity, depending on the underlying cause. Rashes can be red, white, purple or silver in color, and raised, bumpy or flat in texture.", "A rash may be localized in one part of the body, or affect all the skin. Rashes may cause the skin to change color, itch, become warm, bumpy, chapped, dry, cracked or blistered, swell, and may be painful. The causes, and therefore treatments for rashes, vary widely. For example, the rash in measles is an erythematous, morbilliform, maculopapular rash that begins a few days after the fever starts. It classically starts at the head, and spreads downwards." ], "url": [ "http://www.healthline.com/health/rashes", "http://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/tc/rash-age-12-and-older-topic-overview", "http://www.medicinenet.com/rash/article.htm", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/symptom-checker/rash", "http://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/tc/heat-rash-topic-overview", "http://www.medicinenet.com/rash/symptoms.htm", "http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/rash", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rash" ] }

[]

[ "Great Rift Valley" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The most daunting landform in both East Africa and the entirety of Africa is Mt. Kilimanjaro. Kilimanjaro is actually comprised of three volcanic peaks, the highest of which exceeds 19,000 ft.", "Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest peak in Africa at 19,340 feet. Other major peaks in East Africa include Mount Kenya (17,058 feet) and Rwenzori Range (6,761 feet). The Ethiopian Highlands is a region of plateaus and mountains that cover parts of Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Somalia.", "It is sometimes called the Roof of Africa for its height and large area. Great Rift Valley: A dramatic depression on the earth's surface, approximately 4,000 miles (6,400 km) in length, extends from the Red Sea area near Jordan in the Middle East, south to the African country of Mozambique.", "The Great Rift Valley also helped to create other major landforms such as Lake Victoria, Lake Tangynika, and Victoria Falls which is a part of the Zambezi River. Another interesting feature of East Africa is the elevation. In the Ethiopian Highlands, elevations can reach 13,000 feet.", "Dividing these highlands is the Great Rift Valley. In East Africa, where it forms two arms (eastern and western), the Great Rift Valley has a series of lakes on its floor and all around it.", "Lakes and Rivers. Located in and around the Great Rift Valley are several major lakes. Lake Victoria is the largest in surface area, the second-largest lake on Earth and the source of the Nile River. Lake Tanganyika is notable for its depth. At 4,823 feet is the second-deepest lake on Earth.", "Landforms. The Great Rift Valley is like a jagged scar on the face of Africa. It extends from South Africa, along the eastern region, and up to the Arabian Peninsula. The Great Rift Valley is a long line of escarpments that have been created by two tectonic plates drifting apart.", "The Great Rift Valley is like a jagged scar on the face of Africa. It extends from South Africa, along the eastern region, and up to the Arabian Peninsula. The Great Rift Valley is a long line of escarpments that have been created by two tectonic plates drifting apart.", "The Great Rift Valley is a series of rifts and valleys running from north to south across the whole of East Africa. The African continent is gradually splitting in two along these fault lines." ], "url": [ "https://easternafrica.wordpress.com/landforms/", "http://www.ehow.com/facts_5474316_major-landforms-east-africa.html", "http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/aflnd.htm", "https://easternafrica.wordpress.com/landforms/", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070604165119AA4ygAq", "http://www.ehow.com/facts_5474316_major-landforms-east-africa.html", "https://easternafrica.wordpress.com/landforms/", "https://easternafrica.wordpress.com/landforms/", "http://www.ehow.com/facts_5474316_major-landforms-east-africa.html" ] }

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[ "0.4 to 4.0 mIU/L" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Clinical chemists and doctors decided decades ago that healthy people with normal functioning thyroid glands have TSH levels within a range of 0.450 to 4.500 mIU/L (and some labs go as high as 5.000mIU/L). In clinical shorthand, the diagnostic range is rounded out to 0.4-4.0.", "Normal ranges of a T3 level needs to be 3-8. The normal levels for the T4 need to be 4-11. When levels are beyond 8 to 11, this is considered an overactive thyroid, also known as hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism simply means the body is creating too much of these hormones.", "Speaking roughly, normal levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) are in the range of 0.4 to 4.0 mIU/L. However, each laboratory and test manufacturer identifies its own normal TSH range. This is based on the test, the equipment being used, and the patients being tested.", "If you go by TSH normal ranges your score is normal, however TSH alone does not give a full picture of thyroid health. Insist on testing for Free T4, Free T3, Reverse T3, thyroid antibodies, ferritin and D3 as the first step. One test is just not enough to get a full picture.", "Results. A thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) blood test is used to check for thyroid gland problems. The normal values listed here-called a reference range-are just a guide. These ranges vary from lab to lab, and your lab may have a different range for what's normal.", "The range for normal values is 100 to 200 nanograms per deciliter, according to Medline Plus. Greater-than-normal values may be due to hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer or high levels of a protein that carries T3 in the blood. Lower-than-normal values may indicate hypothyroidism, starvation or a long illness." ], "url": [ "http://renegadehealth.com/blog/2014/07/25/thyroid-hormone-testing-whats-the-best-tsh-level", "http://www.progressivehealth.com/t3-t4-normal-levels.htm", "http://answers.webmd.com/answers/1198024/what-are-normal-tsh-levels", "http://hypothyroidmom.com/is-your-thyroid-doctor-using-the-old-tsh-lab-standards/", "http://www.webmd.com/women/thyroid-stimulating-hormone-tsh?page=2", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/138050-normal-range-thyroid-level/" ] }

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[ "Preheat oven to 375 degrees F. Coat a large cast iron pan with a nonstick butter spray. Rinse fish and pat dry; place on the cast iron pan. Season each fillet with salt, cracked pepper, lime zest and lime juice. Add fish to the pan.Place a pat of butter on each fillet and cook in the oven for 8 to 12 minutes." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 If desired, you can add other seasonings to the tilapia at this time, as well. 2 Flavors that complement the taste of lemon include onion, garlic, parsley, dill, basil, and oregano. 3 For concentrated powders like garlic powder or onion powder, use no more than 1/4 tsp (1.25 ml). 1 You do not need to add the tomato, but the benefit of cooking tilapia in foil packets is that you cook vegetables with the fish while infusing the fillets with the flavor. 2 You can also layer chopped green onion, chopped sweet onion, or chopped bell peppers over the fish.", "5. Broil the tilapia fillets for 4 to 6 minutes, flipping once. Place the pan on the top rack of the oven, no further than 4 inches (10 cm) from the top heating element. At the 2 or 3 minute mark, flip the fillets and continue broiling. 1 Use a fish spatula or other flat, heat-resistant spatula to turn the fish. 1 You do not need to add the tomato, but the benefit of cooking tilapia in foil packets is that you cook vegetables with the fish while infusing the fillets with the flavor. 2 You can also layer chopped green onion, chopped sweet onion, or chopped bell peppers over the fish.", "1 Place the tilapia fillets in the bottom of the baking dish and dot with butter. 2 Season with Old Bay seasoning and garlic salt. 3 Top each one with a slice or two of lemon. 4 Arrange the frozen mixed vegetables around the fish, and season lightly with salt and pepper. 1 Preheat the oven to 375 degrees F (190 degrees F). 2 Grease a 9x13 inch baking dish. 3 Place the tilapia fillets in the bottom of the baking dish and dot with butter. 4", "Place the baking dish on the center rack in the oven and cook the fish for 15 to 18 minutes. When the fish is cooked, it should flake apart easily when prodded with the tines of a fork. Step 7. Remove the baking dish from the oven and allow the fish to rest for about five minutes before plating and serving it. ", "Preheat oven to 375 degrees F. Coat a large cast iron pan with a nonstick butter spray. Rinse fish and pat dry; place on the cast iron pan. Season each fillet with salt, cracked pepper, lime zest and lime juice. Add fish to the pan. Place a pat of butter on each fillet and cook in the oven for 8 to 12 minutes. ", "1 Grease a 9x13 inch baking dish. 2 Place the tilapia fillets in the bottom of the baking dish and dot with butter. 3 Season with Old Bay seasoning and garlic salt. 4 Top each one with a slice or two of lemon. 5 Arrange the frozen mixed vegetables around the fish, and season lightly with salt and pepper. 1 Preheat the oven to 375 degrees F (190 degrees F). 2 Grease a 9x13 inch baking dish. 3 Place the tilapia fillets in the bottom of the baking dish and dot with butter. 4", "Step 5. Set your oven to 325 degrees F, preheat and then bake the tilapia fillets, uncovered, for about 10 minutes. When your fish is ready, it will flake easily with a fork. TIPS: For additional flavor, slice a fresh lemon into wedges and serve with your baked tilapia. Mix together 1 tsp. dill weed, ¾ tsp. paprika and ¼ tsp. black pepper in a small bowl. Depending on your seasoning preference, this amount can season up to 1 lb. of tilapia fillets. Sprinkle the amount you prefer over each fillet and spray lightly with vegetable oil spray.", "Mix together the lemon juice, butter, and black pepper. Combine the ingredients in a small dish. 1 You can also add other seasonings, like chopped herbs or onion powder, if desired. 2 Use no more than 1/4 tsp (1.25 ml) concentrated powders, 1 tsp (5 ml) dried herbs, or 1 Tbsp (15 ml) fresh herbs. 1 You do not need to add the tomato, but the benefit of cooking tilapia in foil packets is that you cook vegetables with the fish while infusing the fillets with the flavor. 2 You can also layer chopped green onion, chopped sweet onion, or chopped bell peppers over the fish.", "1 Place fillets in baking dish. 2 Pour lemon juice over fillets, then drizzle butter on top. 3 Sprinkle with garlic, parsley, and pepper. 4 Bake in preheated oven until the fish is white and flakes when pulled apart with a fork, about 30 minutes. 1 Pour lemon juice over fillets, then drizzle butter on top. 2 Sprinkle with garlic, parsley, and pepper. 3 Bake in preheated oven until the fish is white and flakes when pulled apart with a fork, about 30 minutes." ], "url": [ "http://www.wikihow.com/Cook-Tilapia-in-the-Oven", "http://www.wikihow.com/Cook-Tilapia-in-the-Oven", "http://allrecipes.com/recipe/70163/easy-baked-tilapia/", "http://motherhood.modernmom.com/cook-tilapia-filets-oven-7441.html", "http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/bobby-deen/bobbys-baked-tilapia-recipe.html", "http://allrecipes.com/recipe/70163/easy-baked-tilapia/", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/434680-how-to-bake-tilapia-in-oven/", "http://www.wikihow.com/Cook-Tilapia-in-the-Oven", "http://allrecipes.com/recipe/89261/lemon-garlic-tilapia/" ] }

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[ "$45" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Ohio Cosmetology License Renewal. Ohio licenses must be renewed January 31 every odd-numbered year. It costs $45 to renew your license, and the board requires at least 8 hours of cosmetology continuing education classes. If the renewal is late, it's $90. If you get an independent contractor's license, the license is $60 if renewed on time, $105 if late. The original cost of the independent contractor's license is $75", "Online renewal for Tax Consulting Firms is available until July 31, 2015. You may begin the online renewal process if you have received your renewal notice including the User ID and Password. Use the Ohio E-License Center link to the left. Beginning October 1, 2015, late fees will be accessed (After postmark of July 31, 2015). Online renewal for certified public accountants (CPAs) and public accountants (PAs) is available until December 31, 2015. You may begin the online renewal process if you have received your renewal notice including the User ID and Password. Use the Ohio E-License Center.", "Ohio Cosmetology License Renewal. Ohio licenses must be renewed January 31 every odd numbered year. It costs $45 to renew your license and the board requires at least 8 hours of cosmetology continuing education classes. If you try to renew late it will cost $90. If you get an independent contractors license the license is $60 if renewed on time, $105 if late. Below are the requirements on how to get a Ohio cosmetology license, renew your license or if you need to transfer your cosmetology license in Ohio to a different state. If you have questions or issues about these requirements for cosmetology, you can contact the Ohio state board of cosmetology.", "We only renew Washington state licenses. To renew your license in another state, please contact the licensing board in that state for instructions. See the NIC website for a list of U.S. licensing boards. After you renew. You can expect to get your new license: 1 If you renewed online: Within 14 business days. 2 If you renewed by mail: Up to 30 days.", "Late renewals. 1 If your renewal is late, you’ll be charged a $110 late renewal fee. 2 If your license has been expired for more than 1 year, it has been canceled and you must re-apply and take all the necessary exams. After you renew. You can expect to get your new license: 1 If you renewed online: Within 14 business days. 2 If you renewed by mail: Up to 30 days.", "Must be at least 16 years of age and must have at least a 10th grade education. Ohio licenses must be renewed January 31 every odd numbered year. It costs $45 to renew your license and the board requires at least 8 hours of cosmetology continuing education classes. If you try to renew late it will cost $90. If you get an independent contractors license the license is $60 if renewed on time, $105 if late. Below are the requirements on how to get a Ohio cosmetology license, renew your license or if you need to transfer your cosmetology license in Ohio to a different state. If you have questions or issues about these requirements for cosmetology, you can contact the Ohio state board of cosmetology.", "- If renewing via paper form, you must also submit Form R4000. - If you transition this license to the barbering equivalent the current cosmetology license will expire and you will be issued a new license upon completion of renewal. - Your license status must be in good standing before being placed on Inactive Status. If you missed the 2011 renewal, you must have completed the 2011 Continuing Education requirements and pay the $25 late fee before you can be placed on Inactive Status. - The 2013 renewal fee is prorated to $41 for", "May 2014 PERSONAL LICENSE RENEWAL Mail this form and a separate check or money order (do not send cash) with the applicable fee for each renewal to the address above. Make payable to the Board of Barbering & Cosmetology (Incomplete forms will not be processed). ", "You can meet the requirements through online renewal or via paper form. - If renewing via paper form, you must also submit Form R4000.- If you transition this license to the barbering equivalent the current cosmetology license will expire and you will be issued a new license upon completion of renewal. - Your license status must be in good standing before being placed on Inactive Status. If you missed the 2011 renewal, you must have completed the 2011 Continuing Education requirements and pay the $25 late fee before you can be placed on Inactive Status. - The 2013 renewal fee is prorated to $41 for" ], "url": [ "http://www.beautyschoolsdirectory.com/faq/license_oh.php", "http://acc.ohio.gov/Licensing/LicenseRenewal.aspx", "http://www.boardofcosmetology.net/ohio-cosmetology-license-cl35", "http://www.dol.wa.gov/business/cosmetology/renew_cosmetologist.html", "http://www.dol.wa.gov/business/cosmetology/renew_cosmetologist.html", "http://www.boardofcosmetology.net/ohio-cosmetology-license-cl35", "http://www.dsps.wi.gov/Licenses-Permits/CosmetologyPractitioner/COSPrenewal", "http://www.barbercosmo.ca.gov/forms_pubs/forms/lic_ren.pdf", "http://www.dsps.wi.gov/Licenses-Permits/CosmetologyPractitioner/COSPrenewal" ] }

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[ "John found over 50 ounces of gold and very large nuggets in one day on McKilrevie Bench." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Young Master. Parker Schnabel is a miner and member of the Schnabel family. Parker's net-worth is about 10,000,000.00 $US. Parker is the spitting image of someone who is strikingly similar in appearance to his grandfather when his grandpa was a teen. In season 2. He has worked at the Big Nugget Mine for many years, under the direction and order of his grandfather, John Schnabel. During the Hoffman's second season, Parker was given the mine when John decided to step down.", "Big Nugget Mine Edit. 91 year old John had been the boss of the mine, when in 2011 (season 2), he gave it to his 17 year old grandson Parker Schnabel. John was around to help his grandson with the mine. In season 4, John resumed running the mine. John found over 50 ounces of gold and very large nuggets in one day on McKilrevie Bench. Early life Edit. John was born in 1920. He lived in Kansas, the son of a wheat farmer. When he became a teen, the country was mired in the Great Depression, and the family had lost the farm. He was raised in southern Oregon. At the age of 17, John chopped off his big toe while he was logging.", "John Richard Schneider was born April 8, 1960, in Mt. Kisco, New York, to Shirley and John Schneider III, a pilot and U.S. Air Force veteran. His parents divorced when he was two. John began acting at the age of eight. He was in many plays in New York. He and his mother moved to Atlanta, Georgia, when he was fourteen. ", "A force to be reckoned with, this year Tony has an audacious plan to resurrect a 75-year-old gold-mining dredge and drag it clanking and screeching into the 21st century. Tony has spent one million dollars buying the dredge and believes it has the potential to mine up to $1.5m in gold in just one season. ", "HOMETOWN: Haines, AK. Gold fever is in Parker's blood. Ever since he can remember, Parker's beloved Grandpa Schnabel has been running the family gold mine, Big Nugget. Since Parker's feet could reach the pedals, he's been operating heavy machinery and learning the trade.", "By season Edit. In season 2. He has worked at the Big Nugget Mine for many years, under the direction and order of his grandfather, John Schnabel. During the Hoffman's second season, Parker was given the mine when John decided to step down.", "Schnabel is a German surname meaning beak . Notable people with the surname include: 1 Artur Schnabel (1882–1951), Polish-Austrian classical pianist and composer, husband of Therese Schnabel. 2 Charles Schnabel (1895–1974), American agricultural chemist. 3 Enrico Schnabel (born 1974), German rower. 1 Artur Schnabel (1882–1951), Polish-Austrian classical pianist and composer, husband of Therese Schnabel. 2 Charles Schnabel (1895–1974), American agricultural chemist.", "$5 Million. Tony Beets net worth and salary: Tony Beets is an Dutch-Canadian miner and reality telvison personality who has a net worth of $5 million dollars. Born in Wijdenes, Netherlands, Tony Beets worked for his family for many years, and then relocated to Canada to seek better career opportunities. " ], "url": [ "http://goldrush.wikia.com/wiki/Parker_Schnabel", "http://goldrush.wikia.com/wiki/John_Schnabel", "http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0773884/bio", "http://www.discovery.com/tv-shows/gold-rush/bios/tony-beets/", "http://www.discovery.com/tv-shows/gold-rush/bios/parker-schnabel-bio/", "http://goldrush.wikia.com/wiki/Parker_Schnabel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schnabel", "http://www.celebritynetworth.com/richest-businessmen/business-executives/tony-beets-net-worth/" ] }

[]

[ "December 2, 1970" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Environment Agency (EA) is a non-departmental public body, established in 1996 and sponsored by the United Kingdom government 's Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA), with responsibilities relating to the protection and enhancement of the environment in England (and until 2013 also Wales). The Environment Agency's remit covers the whole of England, about 13 million hectares of land, 22,000 miles (35,000 km) of river and 3,100 miles (5,000 km) of coastline seawards to the three-mile limit which includes 2 million hectares of coastal waters.", "In 1990, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) identified the byproducts of wood preserving processes as hazardous waste and began regulating the industry in 1991. The hazardous waste K-list from the Environmental Protection Agency identifies source-specific wastes. It lists wastes from specific industries including pesticide manufac … turing and petroleum refining.", "RTImages/Shutterstock. It's one of those facts that sweeps you back into an alien, almost unrecognizable era. On July 9, 1970, Republican President Richard Nixon announced to Congress his plans to create the Environmental Protection Agency and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. By the end of that year, both agencies were a reality. ", "The EPA was proposed by President Richard Nixon and began operation on December 2, 1970, after Nixon signed an executive order. The order establishing the EPA was ratified by committee hearings in the House and Senate. The agency is led by its Administrator, who is appointed by the president and approved by Congress. In 1970, President Richard Nixon proposed an executive reorganization that would consolidate many of the federal government's environmental responsibilities under one agency, a new Environmental Protection Agency. That reorganization proposal was reviewed and passed by the House and Senate.", "The agency has approximately 15,193 full-time employees and engages many more people on a contractual basis. More than half of EPA human resources are engineers, scientists, and environmental protection specialists; other groups include legal, public affairs, financial, and information technologists. In 1970, President Richard Nixon proposed an executive reorganization that would consolidate many of the federal government's environmental responsibilities under one agency, a new Environmental Protection Agency. That reorganization proposal was reviewed and passed by the House and Senate.", "Nixon recognized that such federal legislation needed the attention of an exclusive agency. By the summer of 1970, he submitted Reorganization Plan Number Three to Congress, which called for a single entity to govern the United States' environmental policy [ EPA ]. The EPA inherited environmental charges that had been arbitrarily assigned to other governmental departments. With the reassignment of environmental programs and the formation of a comprehensive agency to deal with them, the U.S. was well on its way to effective environmental policy. In the next section, we'll learn about some well-known EPA programs.", "The current administrator is Gina McCarthy. The EPA is not a Cabinet department, but the administrator is normally given cabinet rank. The EPA has its headquarters in Washington, D.C. , regional offices for each of the agency's ten regions, and 27 laboratories. The agency conducts environmental assessment, research, and education. In 1970, President Richard Nixon proposed an executive reorganization that would consolidate many of the federal government's environmental responsibilities under one agency, a new Environmental Protection Agency. That reorganization proposal was reviewed and passed by the House and Senate.", "The Environment Agency's stated purpose is, to protect or enhance the environment, taken as a whole so as to promote the objective of achieving sustainable development (taken from the Environment Act 1995, section 4). Protection of the environment relates to threats such as flood and pollution. The Environment Agency's remit covers the whole of England, about 13 million hectares of land, 22,000 miles (35,000 km) of river and 3,100 miles (5,000 km) of coastline seawards to the three-mile limit which includes 2 million hectares of coastal waters.", "About ENERGY STAR. ENERGY STAR is a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) voluntary program that helps businesses and individuals save money and protect our climate through superior energy efficiency. The ENERGY STAR program was established by EPA in 1992, under the authority of the Clean Air Act Section 103(g). " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environment_Agency", "http://www.answers.com/Q/When_did_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency_begin_regulating_the_wood_preserving_industry", "http://www.motherjones.com/environment/2014/08/republicans-environment-hate-polarization", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency", "http://people.howstuffworks.com/epa1.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environment_Agency", "https://www.energystar.gov/about/" ] }

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[ "A traditional Scottish sausage made from a sheep’s stomach stuffed with diced sheep’s liver, lungs and heart, oatmeal, onion, suet and seasoning." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Ingredients. Haggis is a traditional Scottish sausage made from a sheep’s stomach stuffed with diced sheep’s liver, lungs and heart, oatmeal, onion, suet and seasoning. Most haggis is part-cooked before being sold and needs to be simmered in boiling water for one to two hours. You can also buy vegetarian haggis based on beans.", "A Haggis is a very old Scottish dish, which combines meats, spices and oatmeal to create a very rich, unusual, but none the less delicious feast. The factual and historic description of Haggis is sometimes off-putting to people who have not tried it.", "Throw it in a Ziploc bag for goodness sake. Haggis is often served with neeps and tatties which would be rutabagas and potatoes to you and me. Interestingly enough it is also often served with a dram or rather Scottish whiskey.", "They may not even know what, exactly, it is. Haggis is a type of sausage, popular in several parts of the U.K., but mostly Scotland. Haggis traditionally contains sheep’s pluck (lungs, liver and heart), onions, oatmeal, spices and mutton fat, boiled in a sheep’s stomach. That’s the real thing, which you may not have in the States because the sale of lung was banned in this country in 1971.", "Haggis recipes. Haggis is a traditional Scottish sausage made from a sheep’s stomach stuffed with diced sheep’s liver, lungs and heart, oatmeal, onion, suet and seasoning. Most haggis is part-cooked before being sold and needs to be simmered in boiling water for one to two hours. You can also buy vegetarian haggis based on beans." ], "url": [ "http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/haggis", "http://www.epspipeband.ca/performances-local/burns-dinner/to-a-haggis/", "http://ezinearticles.com/?What-Exactly-is-Haggis?&id=1413528", "http://resto.newcity.com/2015/01/21/the-offal-truth-about-haggis-its-awfully-good/", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/haggis" ] }

[]

[ "Approximately 30 hours" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Get help from a doctor now ›. Fluconazole: Peak plasma concentrations in fasted normal volunteers occur between 1 and 2 hours with a terminal plasma elimination half-life of approximately 30 hours (range: 20 to 50 hours) after oral administration. If you wait 5 half-lives it will all be gone. ...Read more.", "It will stay in your body for over a week. If you have taken only one dosage, then diflucan will stay in your system for about 30 hours to three to four days. It is difficult to state the exact time period, but that is how long it might take infection to clear up with a single dose if the infection is mild.", "Fluconazole is a very expensive drug. Taking fluconazole for a long period of time can lead to yeast infections (such as thrush, vaginitis, or severe candida infection of the throat, see Fact Sheet 501) that are resistant to fluconazole. These resistant infections can only be...", "I would always take Diflucan. It is a pill that your doctor gives you and you take it once and it lasts up to seven days in your system. That has worked the best for me. Also they told me to eat yogurt when taking other antibiotics. I would always get a bladder infection that would turn into a yeast infection.", "Fluconazole: Peak plasma concentrations in fasted normal volunteers occur between 1 and 2 hours with a terminal plasma elimination half-life of approximately 30 hours (range: 20 to 50 hours) after oral administration. If you wait 5 half-lives it will all be gone. ...Read more." ], "url": [ "https://www.healthtap.com/topics/how-long-does-fluconazole-stay-in-your-system", "http://www.rocketswag.com/health/drugs/d/diflucan/How-Long-Does-Diflucan-Last-In-The-Body.html", "http://www.thebody.com/h/how-long-does-fluconazole-stay-in-your-system.html/", "http://healthquestions.medhelp.org/how-long-does-diflucan-stay-in-your-system", "https://www.healthtap.com/topics/how-long-does-fluconazole-stay-in-your-system" ] }

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[ "Ecosystem" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Print. a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area is called a... ", "Answers. Relevance. Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: A population is a group of members of the same species living together in a particular place. A community is a group of organisms of different species living together in the same place. An ecosystem is a group of organisms of different species living together in the same place and interacting with the abiotic parts of their environment. A biosphere is the sum of all living organisms on the earth, whether they are living on it, within it, or above it. Therefore, the answer you want is B, community. ", "William Cyrus. 12.1k Karma. 1. A group of organisms of the identical species which live in the particular area is known as an ecosystem. A term ecosystem refers towards the combined physical as well as biological components of the environment. 1. A group of individual of the same spieces are called population. Population interact with the non-living world around them called ecosystem. A group of dolphins are called pod, bees-swarm, birds-flock and so on.", "All the different populations that live together in an area make up a community. Smallest to Largest. Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem. In addition to a community of different species, an ecosystem includes abiotic factors. All living and nonliving things that interact in a particular area make up an ecosystem. The place where an organism lives and that provides the things the organism needs is called its habitat. Needs include food, water, and shelter.", "•A ___________________ is a group of organisms, all of the same species, that live in a specific area. •Populations of organisms, do not experience ___________________ growth. Rather, the graph of a growing population starts out slowly, then begins to resemble a ___________________ curve. ", "population A group of organisms of the same species that live in a specific geographical area and interbreed is called a population. In the field of sociology, pop … ulation pertains to a collection of human beings. What do you call a group of organisms of a single species that live in the same area at the same time? A group of organisms of the same species is called a population. A group of different species living together is called a community. Edit. Share to: Aaron McClellan", "Several populations of organisms living together in one area is called an ecosystem. Added: Actually, several populations of organisms living together in one area is called … a community. 3 people found this useful. Group of populations living in an area plus the e … nvironment around them is called ecosystem. + 23 others found this useful. Rochelle Navarrete. 1 Cheap Valentines Day Getaways Many romantic escapes can be expensive because they often focus on luxurious accommodations in high-end areas.", "An ecosystem contains one or more communities of living organisms. A community is all the organisms living together in a certain area. Each community has species of animals, plants and other organisms that live together.All the organisms of one species in a community are called a population. To describe a community you need to know the kinds of populations that are present. You need to know the size of the population.", "Group of one species living together is called population. Group of populations living in an area is called community. Group of populations living in an area plus the e … nvironment around them is called ecosystem. + 23 others found this useful. Rochelle Navarrete. 1 Cheap Valentines Day Getaways Many romantic escapes can be expensive because they often focus on luxurious accommodations in high-end areas." ], "url": [ "http://funnelbrain.com/c-416116-group-organisms-same-species-live-same-area-called.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070525120850AAkA6QV", "http://answers.tutorvista.com/1093318/organisms-of-same-species-living-together-is-called.html", "http://www.perued.net/pages/uploaded_files/Chapter%201%20Environmental%20Science.doc", "http://images.pcmac.org/SiSFiles/Schools/AL/EscambiaCounty/FlomatonHigh/Uploads/DocumentsCategories/Documents/NOTES%20Ch%204-5.doc", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_do_a_group_of_organisms_of_the_same_species_that_live_in_a_certain_area_form", "http://www.answers.com/Q/All_organisms_that_live_together_in_an_area", "http://www2.mcdaniel.edu/Biology/PGclass/animal/madelweb%20page/plant_an_animal_interPG1.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/All_organisms_that_live_together_in_an_area" ] }

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[ "Dante, Petrarch, Boccaccio, Machiavelli and Ariosto.", "Dante, Petrarch, Boccaccio, Machiavelli and Ariosto are notable examples of Italian Renaissance writers." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Humanist ideas are reflected in works of Renaissance literature. The most famous writer of the time, William Shakespeare, wrote 37 plays between 1590 and 1613. His plays reflect the ideas of individualism and the unconquerable human spirit, and most of them are still performed today. ", "The earliest Renaissance literature appeared in Italy in the 14th century; Dante, Petrarch, Boccaccio, Machiavelli and Ariosto are notable examples of Italian Renaissance writers. From Italy the influence of the Renaissance spread at different times to other countries and continued to spread around Europe through the 17th century. The English Renaissance and the Renaissance in Scotland date from the late 15th century to the early", "He was considered the greatest humanist of the north and helped to spread humanism and the Renaissance movement to northern Europe. He is also famous for his book Praise of Folly. Paracelsus (1493 - 1541) - Paracelsus was a Swiss scientist and botanist who helped to make many advances in medicine. ", "This is a good example of the Renaissance legacy around me because William Shakespeare was known for his literature and plays like Romeo & Juliet during the renaissance. Literature My second item is a book by the famous. 14th century writer, Francis Petrach. This. ", "Renaissance Literature. The Renaissance in Europe was in one sense an awakening from the long slumber of the Dark Ages. What had been a stagnant, even backsliding kind of society re-invested in the promise of material and spiritual gain. The single greatest innovation of the Renaissance era was the printing press, put into service around 1440 by Johannes Gutenberg. Rudimentary presses had existed for a long time, but Gutenberg’s design maximized printing efficiency in a way that changed the world of arts, letters, and ideas forever.", "This is a great example of Renaissance legacy around me because William Shakespeare was known for his literature and plays like Romeo and Juliet Literature has been very important over the years! One famous book that was written by Francis Petrarch, who was a fourteenth century writer. Four of today's biggest achievements! The Renaissance Legacy around Me Renaissance Art Literature Architecture Inventions Today one of the biggest Renaissance Art's is some of Shakespeare play's.", "In northern Europe the scholarly writings of Erasmus, the plays of Shakespeare, the poems of Edmund Spenser and the writings of Sir Philip Sidney may be considered Renaissance in character. From Italy the influence of the Renaissance spread at different times to other countries and continued to spread around Europe through the 17th century. The English Renaissance and the Renaissance in Scotland date from the late 15th century to the early", "The literature of the Renaissance was written within the general movement of the Renaissance which arose in 14th century to the late 17th century.Italy and continued until the 16th century while being diffused into the western world. From Italy the influence of the Renaissance spread at different times to other countries and continued to spread around Europe through the 17th century. The English Renaissance and the Renaissance in Scotland date from the late 15th century to the early", "Italian literature is literature written in the Italian language, particularly within Italy. It may also refer to literature written by Italians or in Italy in other languages spoken in Italy, often languages that are closely related to modern Italian. The ideas behind the French Revolution of 1789 gave a special direction to Italian literature in the second half of the 18th century. Love of liberty and desire for equality created a literature aimed at national object.", "The creation of the printing press (using movable type) by Johannes Gutenberg in the 1450s encouraged authors to write in their local vernacular rather than in Greek or Latin classical languages, widening the reading audience and promoting the spread of Renaissance ideas. From Italy the influence of the Renaissance spread at different times to other countries and continued to spread around Europe through the 17th century. The English Renaissance and the Renaissance in Scotland date from the late 15th century to the early" ], "url": [ "http://regentsprep.org/Regents/global/themes/goldenages/ren.cfm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance_literature", "http://www.ducksters.com/history/renaissance_famous_people.php", "https://prezi.com/du0a4qkkd5pj/the-renaissance-legacy-around-me/", "http://www.online-literature.com/periods/renaissance.php", "https://prezi.com/kig6vlcrfe-p/0403-renaissance-legacy-around-me/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance_literature", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance_literature", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_literature", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance_literature" ] }

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[ "One etymology derives Yemen from yamin, meaning on the right side, as the south is on the right when facing the sunrise. Another derives Yemen from yumn, meaning felicity, as much of the country is fertile." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Nicknames for Yemen: | Edit. Share what you know! Meanings and history of the name Yemen: | Edit. The name Yemen is not of certain origin but probably derives from the Arabic word meaning south, signifying its location on the Arabian Peninsula.", "Between the 12th century BC and the 6th century AD, it was dominated by six successive civilizations which rivaled each other, or were allied with each other and controlled the lucrative spice trade: Ma'in, Qataban, Hadhramaut, Awsan, Saba and Himyar. Islam arrived in AD 630, and Yemen became part of the Muslim realm. The Sulayhid dynasty was founded in the northern highlands around 1040. At the time, Yemen was ruled by different local dynasties. In 1060, Ali ibn Mohammed Al-Sulayhi conquered Zabid and killed its ruler Al-Najah, founder of the Najahid dynasty, whose sons were forced to flee to Dahlak.", "Yemen (/ˈjɛmən/ ; Arabic: اليَمَن ‎ al-Yaman), officially known as the Republic of Yemen (الجمهورية اليمنية al-Jumhūrīyah al-Yamanīyah), is an Arab country in Southwest Asia, occupying the southwestern to southern end of the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the north, the Red Sea to the west, the Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea to the south, and Oman to the east. Although Yemen's constitutionally stated capital is the city of Sana'a, the city has been under rebel control since February 2015.", "country S Arabia bordering on Red Sea & Gulf of Aden; a republic formed 1990 by merger of Yemen Arab Republic (∗ Sanaa) with People's Democratic Republic of Yemen or Southern Yemen (∗ Aden) ∗ Sanaa area 203,849 square miles (527,969 square kilometers), pop 19,700,000. ", "From 1958 to 1961, North Yemen was federated with Egypt and Syria in the United Arab States. Imam Ahmad’s son Badr assumed power after Ahmad’s death but was deposed one week later by army officers, led by Colonel Abdallah al Sallal, who took control of Sanaa and created the YAR. Former North Yemen: By the sixteenth century and again in the nineteenth century, northern Yemen was controlled in the cities by the Ottoman Empire and in tribal areas by the Zaydi imam’s suzerainty.", "Yemen is a developing country. Under the rule of President Ali Abdullah Saleh, Yemen was described as a kleptocracy. According to the 2009 international corruption Perception Index by Transparency International, Yemen ranked 164 out of 182 countries surveyed. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the north, the Red Sea to the west, the Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea to the south, and Oman to the east. Although Yemen's constitutionally stated capital is the city of Sana'a, the city has been under rebel control since February 2015.", "Medieval History. Yemen, no matter how it is defined or what its current political structure, has always controlled the southwestern tip of the Arabian Peninsula—the Babel Mandeb, choke point to and from the Red Sea. Former North Yemen: By the sixteenth century and again in the nineteenth century, northern Yemen was controlled in the cities by the Ottoman Empire and in tribal areas by the Zaydi imam’s suzerainty.", "Southern Arabia, especially Yemen is often referred to as Arabia Felix, or the Happy Arabia. This name is a Latin translation from Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, a 1st century AD book by an anonymous Greek writer, who coined the original phrase “Eudaemon Arabia” when describing the port of Aden. There are different theories about the source of Yemen's Arabic name, Al Yaman. The early Muslims living around Mecca divided their lands into those lying northward, or shaman, and those lying to the south, or yamanan.", "One etymology derives Yemen from yamin, meaning on the right side, as the south is on the right when facing the sunrise. Another derives Yemen from yumn, meaning felicity, as much of the country is fertile. The Romans called it Arabia Felix (Happy Arabia) as opposed to Arabia Deserta (Deserted Arabia). It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the north, the Red Sea to the west, the Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea to the south, and Oman to the east. Although Yemen's constitutionally stated capital is the city of Sana'a, the city has been under rebel control since February 2015.", "On 30 November 1967, the state of South Yemen was formed, comprising Aden and the former Protectorate of South Arabia. This socialist state was later officially known as the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen and a programme of nationalisation was begun. The Sulayhid dynasty was founded in the northern highlands around 1040. At the time, Yemen was ruled by different local dynasties. In 1060, Ali ibn Mohammed Al-Sulayhi conquered Zabid and killed its ruler Al-Najah, founder of the Najahid dynasty, whose sons were forced to flee to Dahlak." ], "url": [ "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/girl/yemen", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Yemen", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemen", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Yemen", "http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/History/Yemen-history.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemen", "http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/History/Yemen-history.htm", "http://www.yemeni-dreams.com/history.php", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemen", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Yemen" ] }

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[ "61% - 72% of its initial cost." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Just keep in mind that this type of renovation doesn't come cheap. Even a minor kitchen remodel averages $19,588, according to Remodeling magazine's annual Cost vs. Value report, though homeowners can expect to recoup 72% of the cost at resale. ", "Costs, materials and best practices for the example Small Kitchen Remodeling project will help you answer these questions. Use this information to develop a budget, bid requirements, hiring contracts and a project plan. Actual returns vary widely and are affected by the range of home prices in your neighborhood, the overall condition of your home and sensible design choices. A good quality Small Kitchen Remodeling project in the right neighborhoods can return 61% - 72% of its initial cost.", "The cost of remodeling a kitchen can vary widely depending on the size and scope of your project, with the national average coming in around $17,000 and most homeowners spending between $12,000 and $19,000. This guide can help estimate your costs and give you a starting point for various upgrades and services. The average cost of having new countertops installed is $3,401, but it is important to realize how much this can vary from project to project. The price will be dependent on the size of your kitchen, the simplicity of the layout and the materials used.", "1 These are averages; actual costs may be higher or lower. 2 In contrast, DoItYourself.com estimates that the cost of a typical kitchen remodel can start around $5,000 with some do-it-yourself work included, and averages $15,000-$26,000. 1 The cost of remodeling a kitchen depends on the current layout, size and condition of the room, as well as the quality of replacement products chosen.", "1. Decide how much you want to spend, and stick to it. Setting a budget for your kitchen remodel and staying within it sounds so obvious and simple, but it's harder than you think. The average cost of an upscale kitchen remodel is more than $80,000, but three factors should determine whether you want to spend that much. The first is how much you can afford to spend. Take a look at your finances to determine this number. The second is how long you plan to stay in your house. If you are planning on selling the home within five years, then your kitchen renovation should be viewed as an improvement on a real estate investment.", "How much did your kitchen renovation cost, and where did you spend it? According to Today, the average cost for a kitchen remodel is $15,000 to $20,000 — without the appliances. Costs can be driven by location, size of the kitchen, and the quality of appliances. You can opt for less expensive IKEA cabinets, or have them built by hand to be completely custom to your kitchen. You can also do demolition and much of the installation yourself, or contract everything out. So, we're curiou", "1 In contrast, DoItYourself.com estimates that the cost of a typical kitchen remodel can start around $5,000 with some do-it-yourself work included, and averages $15,000-$26,000. 1 The cost of remodeling a kitchen depends on the current layout, size and condition of the room, as well as the quality of replacement products chosen.", "When you're working with a $15,000 to $30,000 kitchen remodel budget, you can leave more work to the professionals instead of doing much of it yourself. This might include refinishing or refacing your countertops, painting the walls and ceilings, installing new lighting and rewiring some electrical work. For example, cabinets take up almost 30 percent of the kitchen remodel budget, but you can save by investing in stock kitchen cabinets rather than custom cabinets. Also, you can do some of the installation and replacement yourself. You can also break up the projects over time so you can save for one project at a time." ], "url": [ "http://www.kiplinger.com/slideshow/real-estate/T029-S001-5-kitchen-renovations-for-about-25-000-or-less/index.html", "http://www.homewyse.com/projects/remodel_a_small_kitchen.html", "http://www.improvenet.com/r/costs-and-prices/kitchen-remodel-cost-estimator", "http://home.costhelper.com/remodel-kitchen.html", "http://www.hgtv.com/design/rooms/kitchens/10-steps-to-budgeting-for-your-kitchen-remodel", "http://www.thekitchn.com/how-much-did-your-kitchen-reno-149500", "http://home.costhelper.com/remodel-kitchen.html", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/kitchens/remodel-a-kitchen/" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 The seizure may begin with an aura or simple partial seizure or they begin with a complex partial that continues and changes into the secondary generalized seizure. 2 The secondary generalized part begins usually with stiffening of the muscles. 3 Air being forced past the vocal cords causes a cry or groan. 1 These seizures generally last 1 to 3 minutes. 2 A tonic-clonic seizure that lasts longer than 5 minutes is a medical emergency. 3 It may be difficult to distinguish these seizures from primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures, especially if they occur during sleep or are not seen by anyone else.", "Generalized epilepsy is primary because the epilepsy is the originally diagnosed condition itself, as opposed to secondary epilepsy, which occurs as a symptom of a diagnosed condition. Generalized seizures can be either absence seizures, myoclonic seizures, clonic seizures, tonic-clonic seizures or atonic seizures.", "1 Epilepsy is a brain disorder in which clusters of nerve cells, or neurons, in the brain sometimes signal abnormally causing strange sensations, emotions, and behavior, or sometimes convulsions, muscle spasms, and loss of consciousness. 2 Epilepsy is not contagious and is not caused by mental illness or mental retardation. 1 Epilepsy is not contagious and is not caused by mental illness or mental retardation. 2 Sometimes severe seizure can cause brain damage, but most seizures do not seem to have a detrimental effect on the brain. 3 Epilepsy has many possible causes, from illness to brain damage to abnormal brain development.", "1 These seizures are called secondary generalized because they start in one area and spread to both sides of the brain. 2 They usually last 1 to 3 minutes, but it may take a lot longer for a person to recover. 1 These seizures generally last 1 to 3 minutes. 2 A tonic-clonic seizure that lasts longer than 5 minutes is a medical emergency. 3 It may be difficult to distinguish these seizures from primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures, especially if they occur during sleep or are not seen by anyone else.", "Practice Essentials. Epilepsy is defined as a brain disorder characterized by an enduring predisposition to generate epileptic seizures and by the neurobiologic, cognitive, psychological, and social consequences of this condition. ", "ADVERTISEMENT. 1 These seizures are called secondary generalized because they start in one area and spread to both sides of the brain. 2 They usually last 1 to 3 minutes, but it may take a lot longer for a person to recover. 3 A secondary tonic clonic seizure lasting longer than 5 minutes is a medical emergency. 1 These seizures generally last 1 to 3 minutes. 2 A tonic-clonic seizure that lasts longer than 5 minutes is a medical emergency. 3 It may be difficult to distinguish these seizures from primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures, especially if they occur during sleep or are not seen by anyone else.", "A. Epilepsy is the occurrence of sporadic electrical storms in the brain commonly called seizures. These storms cause behavioral manifestations (such as staring) or involuntary movements (such as grand mal seizures). There are several types of epilepsy, each with different causes, symptoms, and treatments. ", "Seizures are episodes of altered brain function that cause motor, cognitive, and sensory changes thought to result from changes in excitability in neurons. A Seizure Disorder (also called Epileptic Disorder) is a tendency toward recurrent seizure activity without evidence of a reversible metabolic cause. Provoked And Unprovoked Seizures: Unprovoked Seizures (also known as Primary Seizures or Idiopathic Seizures) are those seizures that have no determined cause. Multiple episodes of unprovoked seizures are considered a seizure disorder.", "Generalized epilepsy, also known as primary generalized epilepsy or idiopathic epilepsy, is a form of epilepsy characterised by generalised seizures with no apparent cause. Generalized seizures can be either absence seizures, myoclonic seizures, clonic seizures, tonic-clonic seizures or atonic seizures.", "Generalized seizures, as opposed to partial seizures, are a type of seizure that impairs consciousness and distorts the electrical activity of the whole or a larger portion of the brain (which can be seen, for example, on electroencephalography, EEG). Generalized seizures can be either absence seizures, myoclonic seizures, clonic seizures, tonic-clonic seizures or atonic seizures." ], "url": [ "http://www.epilepsy.com/learn/types-seizures/secondarily-generalized-seizures", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalised_epilepsy", "http://www.medicinenet.com/seizure/article.htm", "http://www.epilepsy.com/learn/types-seizures/secondarily-generalized-seizures", "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1184846-overview", "http://www.epilepsy.com/learn/types-seizures/secondarily-generalized-seizures", "http://www.webmd.com/epilepsy/guide/types-epilepsy", "http://www.bandbacktogether.com/epilepsy-resources/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalised_epilepsy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalised_epilepsy" ] }

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[ "1-3 days" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Digestion time varies between individuals and between men and women. After you eat, it takes about six to eight hours for food to pass through your stomach and small intestine. Food then enters your large intestine (colon) for further digestion, absorption of water and, finally, elimination of undigested food.", "It usually takes from 24 to 72 hours for healthy people to completely digest food and eliminate waste products. The first stop for food is the esophagus, which moves food from the back of the throat to the stomach. About six to eight hours after eating, food passes through the stomach and small intestine.", "Report an error. Digestion time varies depending on the individual. For most healthy adults, it's usually between 24 and 72 hours. After you eat, it takes about six to eight hours for food to pass through your stomach and small intestine. Food then enters your large intestine (colon) for further digestion and absorption of water. Elimination of undigested food residue through the large intestine usually begins after a total of 24 hours.", "To further elaborate the hours of digestion from small intestine where the real digestion happens, the size of small intestine is normally ranging from 18-21 feet long and may take 3-6 hours for the chemical elements from food pass all the way though the blood stream to absorb the nutrients.", "However, the normal range of digestion will take 24 to 72 hours. Now, let us have insight on how it takes to digest from the moment we ingest food up to the last process of digestion.", "Meat may stay in the intestines for 24-72 hours and still depend on its type. Likewise, red meat in particular takes 1-3 days to complete the digestion process because of fat content and high protein, according to Lisa Cicciarello Andrews of University of Cincinnati.", "Your body can digest most food in less time it takes hotshot celebrities to get engaged: about 4-12 hours. Fruits are the fastest travelers on the intestinal interstate, with meats driving like an oversized load in the right lane (they can take 2-3 days to be excreted or even longer as it rots inside your intestine)." ], "url": [ "http://www.mayoclinic.org/digestive-system/expert-answers/FAQ-20058340", "http://www.delawareonline.com/story/news/health/2014/05/12/wondering-long-take-food-digest/9007573/", "http://www.thesudburystar.com/2012/05/24/how-long-does-it-take-to-digest-food-food", "http://thealkalinediet.org/blog/how-long-does-it-take-to-digest-meat", "http://thealkalinediet.org/blog/how-long-does-it-take-to-digest-meat", "http://thealkalinediet.org/blog/how-long-does-it-take-to-digest-meat", "https://www.sharecare.com/health/digestive-health/how-long-to-digest-food" ] }

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[ "Anytime Fitness prices will depend on the kind of membership you apply for and where, although the cost is usually $30 to $36 with a $50 activation fee." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Anytime Fitness Prices. Anytime Fitness is a health fitness center, with 1,935 clubs in the United States and 474 more around the world. With more than a million members, Fitness operates in several countries including Canada, Japan, Australia, the UK, Qatar, New Zealand, Spain and many other countries.", "We fit your busy schedule and on-the-go lifestyle. With your membership, you can work out when it’s best for you—day or night! Our clubs are open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year. At Anytime Fitness you hold the key, literally. Access to our clubs is protected by our state-of-the-art security system and will only be granted with the proper key. Once inside, you have full use of cutting-edge strength training and cardio equipment.", "Anytime Fitness Membership Fees and Benefits. Anytime Fitness prices will depend on the kind of membership you apply for and where, although the cost is usually $30 to $36 with a $50 activation fee. However, in other clubs the membership fee is $44 for a single monthly membership and $39 for a 12 month membership.", "1 Monthly fees average $35 to $40 for a single membership, but can be as low as $20 depending on age, location and whether customers are willing to sign an extended contract. 2 Many health clubs also charge an average enrollment fee of $40, but some can charge more than $100." ], "url": [ "http://www.gymmembershipfees.com/anytime-fitness-prices/", "https://www.anytimefitness.com/membership/", "http://www.gymmembershipfees.com/anytime-fitness-prices/", "http://fitness.costhelper.com/fitness-club.html" ] }

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[ "Between 90-120 meters." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "What is the length and width of a football pitch? 77 metres long 66 wide is acceptable, but this can vary widely, as FIFA rules indicate a variance between 100-130 yards long, and 50-100 yards wide.", "An American football field is 109.728 meters long (120 yards) by 48.768 meters wide (53 1/3 yards).", "A maximum size football pitch is 120 x 90 metres. This is an area of 10 800 square metres; one hectare is 10 000 square metres. So a full size pitch could be 1.08 ha.", "The dimensions are specified in Law 1 of the official FIFA Laws of the Game. According to FIFA rules, the standard length of a football pitch should be between 90-120 meters (100-131 yards) while its width is from 45-90 meters (49-100 yards). Football fields used in international matches have similar measurement to the league pitches.", "Soccer is played on a rectangular field, traditionally called a pitch, which must be between 100 and 130 yards long and 50 to 100 yards wide.. 91–119 m. Soccer.. The World Book Encyclopedia.", "Depending on the age and skill level of the players, the field can range from 100 to 130 yards (91 to 119 meters) in length and 50 to 100 yards (46 to 91 meters) in width. At either end, there is a goal, a goal area enclosed in the larger penalty area.", "Best Answer: The largest size of a full football pitch is 90m wide by 120m long.", "Find out the size details of a football pitch. Did you know that not all pitches are the same size? The length of a pitch must be between 100 yards (90m) and 130 yards (120m) and the width not less than 50 yards (45m) and not more than 100 yards (90m)." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_length_of_a_full_size_football_pitch", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_many_meters_long_is_a_football_pitch", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_length_of_a_full_size_football_pitch", "http://www.football-bible.com/soccer-info/field-dimensions-markings.html", "http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2002/JenniferYu.shtml", "http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2002/JenniferYu.shtml", "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080422101933AAXFvi5", "http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/rules_and_equipment/4200666.stm" ] }

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