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pubmed-text-classification-cased

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METHODS	Adverse events were recorded .	Adverse events were recorded.
RESULTS	rhPTH ( 1-34 ) increased lumbar BMD significantly more than did elcatonin at 3 months and 6 months ( 2.38 % vs 0.59 % , P < 0.05 ; 5.51 % vs 1.55 % , P < 0.01 ) , but there were no significant increases of BMD in these two groups at femoral neck .	rhPTH (1-34) increased lumbar BMD significantly more than did elcatonin at 3 months and 6 months (2. 38 % vs 0. 59 %, P < 0. 05 ; 5. 51 % vs 1. 55 %, P < 0. 01), but there were no significant increases of BMD in these two groups at femoral neck.
RESULTS	There were larger mean increases in bone markers in the rhPTH ( 1-34 ) group than in the elcatonin group at 3 months and 6 months ( serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase ( BSAP ) 36.79 % vs 0.31 % ; 92.42 % vs -0.17 % ; urinary N-telopeptide/creatinine ( NTX/Cr ) 48.91 % vs -5.32 % ; 68.82 % vs -10.86 % ) .	There were larger mean increases in bone markers in the rhPTH (1-34) group than in the elcatonin group at 3 months and 6 months (serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP) 36. 79 % vs 0. 31 % ; 92. 42 % vs -0. 17 % ; urinary N-telopeptide/creatinine (NTX/Cr) 48. 91 % vs -5. 32 % ; 68. 82 % vs -10. 86 %).
RESULTS	Both treatments were well tolerated and there were no significant differences detected between the two groups in the proportion of any adverse events and any serious adverse events ( 67.0 % vs 59.0 % ; 0 vs 0 ) .	Both treatments were well tolerated and there were no significant differences detected between the two groups in the proportion of any adverse events and any serious adverse events (67. 0 % vs 59. 0 % ; 0 vs 0).
CONCLUSIONS	rhPTH ( 1-34 ) has more positive effects on bone formation , as shown by the larger increments of lumbar BMD and bone formation markers , than elcatonin , with only mild adverse events and no significant change in the liver , kidney or hematological indices .	rhPTH (1-34) has more positive effects on bone formation, as shown by the larger increments of lumbar BMD and bone formation markers, than elcatonin, with only mild adverse events and no significant change in the liver, kidney or hematological indices.
BACKGROUND	Information regarding prognostic factors and survival in elderly women with metastatic breast cancer treated with tamoxifen is limited .	Information regarding prognostic factors and survival in elderly women with metastatic breast cancer treated with tamoxifen is limited.
METHODS	The data from 4 prospective clinical trials were analyzed , including information on 396 postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer who received tamoxifen as initial therapy for metastatic disease .	The data from 4 prospective clinical trials were analyzed, including information on 396 postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer who received tamoxifen as initial therapy for metastatic disease.
METHODS	Emphasis was placed on 184 elderly patients ( age greater than 65 years ) to characterize the response to therapy , time to progression TTP ) , overall survival ( OS ) , prognostic factors , and treatment-related toxicity .	Emphasis was placed on 184 elderly patients (age greater than 65 years) to characterize the response to therapy, time to progression TTP), overall survival (OS), prognostic factors, and treatment-related toxicity.
RESULTS	Among 363 patients with measurable or evaluable disease , the objective response rates were higher in the elderly patients ( 46 % versus 33 % , P = 0.06 ) ; but age did not achieve significance in a logistic regression analysis ( P = 0.1 ) .	Among 363 patients with measurable or evaluable disease, the objective response rates were higher in the elderly patients (46 % versus 33 %, P = 0. 06) ; but age did not achieve significance in a logistic regression analysis (P = 0. 1).
RESULTS	The median TTP ( 10.5 months versus 6.2 months , log rank P = 0.002 ) and OS ( 35.7 months versus 28.8 months , log rank P = 0.02 ) were superior in the elderly cohort .	The median TTP (10. 5 months versus 6. 2 months, log rank P = 0. 002) and OS (35. 7 months versus 28. 8 months, log rank P = 0. 02) were superior in the elderly cohort.
RESULTS	In multivariate analysis , age at diagnosis approached statistical significance ( P = 0.055 ) for TTP but was not significant for OS ( P = 0.17 ) .	In multivariate analysis, age at diagnosis approached statistical significance (P = 0. 055) for TTP but was not significant for OS (P = 0. 17).
RESULTS	Among elderly patients , disease free interval ( DFI ) ( greater than 5 years ) , dominant disease site ( soft tissue ) , prior adjuvant chemotherapy , positive estrogen/progesterone receptor ( ER/PgR ) and performance status ( PS ) were independent prognostic factors .	Among elderly patients, disease free interval (DFI) (greater than 5 years), dominant disease site (soft tissue), prior adjuvant chemotherapy, positive estrogen/progesterone receptor (ER/PgR) and performance status (PS) were independent prognostic factors.
RESULTS	Hot flashes were common in both younger and older cohorts ( 25 % versus 33 % , P = 0.14 ) , while anorexia ( 14 % versus 22 % , P = 0.04 ) and mood changes ( 2 % versus 6 % , P = 0.03 ) were more common in the elderly patients .	Hot flashes were common in both younger and older cohorts (25 % versus 33 %, P = 0. 14), while anorexia (14 % versus 22 %, P = 0. 04) and mood changes (2 % versus 6 %, P = 0. 03) were more common in the elderly patients.
CONCLUSIONS	There was no indication that elderly women with metastatic breast cancer treated with tamoxifen have a poorer outcome with regard to response rate , TTP or OS ; in fact , they appeared to have a slightly better prognosis although this was not significant after adjustment for other prognostic factors .	There was no indication that elderly women with metastatic breast cancer treated with tamoxifen have a poorer outcome with regard to response rate, TTP or OS ; in fact, they appeared to have a slightly better prognosis although this was not significant after adjustment for other prognostic factors.
CONCLUSIONS	In elderly patients , DFI , PS , positive ER or PGR , and dominant disease site are independent prognostic factors .	In elderly patients, DFI, PS, positive ER or PGR, and dominant disease site are independent prognostic factors.
OBJECTIVE	To evaluate unattended full polysomnography ( PSG ) recorded in the home by the DigiTrace Home Sleep System ( DHSS ) and to assess the ability to acquire , store and analyze polysomnographic data using the DHSS compared to standard paper PSG .	To evaluate unattended full polysomnography (PSG) recorded in the home by the DigiTrace Home Sleep System (DHSS) and to assess the ability to acquire, store and analyze polysomnographic data using the DHSS compared to standard paper PSG.
METHODS	Part 1 used a prospective , cross-over design .	Part 1 used a prospective, cross-over design.
METHODS	Part 2 consisted of a prospective concurrent collection of polysomnographic data .	Part 2 consisted of a prospective concurrent collection of polysomnographic data.
METHODS	Sleep Disorders Center in a university medical center .	Sleep Disorders Center in a university medical center.
METHODS	All adult patients who required standard clinical PSG as part of their clinical evaluation , regardless of suspected diagnosis , except patients requiring video recording for abnormal behaviors .	All adult patients who required standard clinical PSG as part of their clinical evaluation, regardless of suspected diagnosis, except patients requiring video recording for abnormal behaviors.
RESULTS	The DHSS is a digital recording system with miniature preamplifiers and the capacity to record 18 channels of polysomnographic data , including 4 channels of EEG ( C3-A2 , C4-A1 , C3-O1 and C4-O2 ) , right and left EOG , two channels of chin EMG , ECG naso-oral airflow , respiratory effort ( piezo crystal thoracic and abdominal belts and bilateral interacostal EMG ) , snore microphone , bilateral anterior tibialis EMG , and body-position sensor .	The DHSS is a digital recording system with miniature preamplifiers and the capacity to record 18 channels of polysomnographic data, including 4 channels of EEG (C3-A2, C4-A1, C3-O1 and C4-O2), right and left EOG, two channels of chin EMG, ECG naso-oral airflow, respiratory effort (piezo crystal thoracic and abdominal belts and bilateral interacostal EMG), snore microphone, bilateral anterior tibialis EMG, and body-position sensor.
RESULTS	In part 1,77 DHSS home recordings were evaluated .	In part 1, 77 DHSS home recordings were evaluated.
RESULTS	No recordings were lost due to equipment failure and each parameter was scorable in greater than 95 % of all epochs .	No recordings were lost due to equipment failure and each parameter was scorable in greater than 95 % of all epochs.
RESULTS	Most of the subjective assessments by questionnaire following each study revealed no difference between the two testing situations .	Most of the subjective assessments by questionnaire following each study revealed no difference between the two testing situations.
RESULTS	However , patients reported more sleep time and a better overall test experience in the lab .	However, patients reported more sleep time and a better overall test experience in the lab.
RESULTS	Assessments of sleep quality and morning alertness compared to usual were rated higher in the lab .	Assessments of sleep quality and morning alertness compared to usual were rated higher in the lab.
RESULTS	After completing both studies , more patients preferred the lab study ( p < .01 ) , mostly because of minor inconveniences and apprehension regarding acquisition of data during the home study .	After completing both studies, more patients preferred the lab study (p <. 01), mostly because of minor inconveniences and apprehension regarding acquisition of data during the home study.
RESULTS	There was no difference in the assessment of which test most accurately represented their sleep .	There was no difference in the assessment of which test most accurately represented their sleep.
RESULTS	In Part 2 , the DHSS recorded concurrently with paper PSG in the laboratory in 16 patients .	In Part 2, the DHSS recorded concurrently with paper PSG in the laboratory in 16 patients.
RESULTS	The results show no significant differences for any parameter and strong positive correlations for all parameters .	The results show no significant differences for any parameter and strong positive correlations for all parameters.
CONCLUSIONS	Using the DHSS , unattended full PSG can be performed in the home with reliable and high quality recordings .	Using the DHSS, unattended full PSG can be performed in the home with reliable and high quality recordings.
CONCLUSIONS	Full PSG can be extended to a larger patient population , because it is no longer limited by the number of beds , and there is a reduction in cost due to elimination of overnight staff and facility cost .	Full PSG can be extended to a larger patient population, because it is no longer limited by the number of beds, and there is a reduction in cost due to elimination of overnight staff and facility cost.
BACKGROUND	PPIs are widely used in peptic diseases , and this paper is to investigate the kinetic characteristics of a new PPI ilaprazole in Chinese healthy subjects and the association with CYP3A5 and CYP2C19 polymorphisms .	PPIs are widely used in peptic diseases, and this paper is to investigate the kinetic characteristics of a new PPI ilaprazole in Chinese healthy subjects and the association with CYP3A5 and CYP2C19 polymorphisms.
METHODS	21 subjects were selected and treated with 10mg ilaprazole according to their CYP3A5 * 3 genotypes ( including 7 of CYP3A5 * 1 / * 1 , 7 of * 1 / * 3 , and 7 of * 3 / * 3 ) .	21 subjects were selected and treated with 10mg ilaprazole according to their CYP3A5 * 3 genotypes (including 7 of CYP3A5 * 1 / * 1, 7 of * 1 / * 3, and 7 of * 3 / * 3).
METHODS	The plasma concentrations of ilaprazole and its metabolites were monitored by LC-MS/MS method .	The plasma concentrations of ilaprazole and its metabolites were monitored by LC-MS/MS method.
RESULTS	The C ( max ) , AUC ( ( 0-6 ) ) , AUC ( ( 0-48 ) ) and AUC ( ( 0-infinity ) ) of ilaprazole were all significantly different across the 3 CYP3A5 genotypes ( including 4 of CYP3A5 * 1 / * 1 , 4 of * 1 / * 3 , 3 of * 3 / * 3 ; P < 0.05 ) in CYP2C19 wild-type subjects ( CYP2C19 wt/wts ) , similar variety of C ( max ) and AUC ( ( 0-6 ) ) among CYP3A5 genotypes ( including 3 of CYP3A5 * 1 / * 1 , 3 of * 1 / * 3 , 4 of * 3 / * 3 ; P < 0.05 ) were also observed in CYP2C19 heterozygous subjects ( CYP2C19 wt/mts ) .	The C (max), AUC ((0-6)), AUC ((0-48)) and AUC ((0-infinity)) of ilaprazole were all significantly different across the 3 CYP3A5 genotypes (including 4 of CYP3A5 * 1 / * 1, 4 of * 1 / * 3, 3 of * 3 / * 3 ; P < 0. 05) in CYP2C19 wild-type subjects (CYP2C19 wt/wts), similar variety of C (max) and AUC ((0-6)) among CYP3A5 genotypes (including 3 of CYP3A5 * 1 / * 1, 3 of * 1 / * 3, 4 of * 3 / * 3 ; P < 0. 05) were also observed in CYP2C19 heterozygous subjects (CYP2C19 wt/mts).
RESULTS	The sulfoxidation metabolic index ( measure of collective CYP3A activity ) indicates that the CYP3A5 * 1 / * 1 , ( high-expressers ) , * 1 / * 3 , ( low-expressers ) , and * 3 / * 3 ( no-expressers ) groups have medium , lowest and highest activities on ilaprazole metabolism , inconsistent with genotype-based CYP3A5 enzymatic activity .	The sulfoxidation metabolic index (measure of collective CYP3A activity) indicates that the CYP3A5 * 1 / * 1, (high-expressers), * 1 / * 3, (low-expressers), and * 3 / * 3 (no-expressers) groups have medium, lowest and highest activities on ilaprazole metabolism, inconsistent with genotype-based CYP3A5 enzymatic activity.
RESULTS	Further analysis showed no correlation between ilaprazole metabolism and CYP2C19 genotypes , evidenced by that the AUC ( ( 0-infinity ) ) of ilaprazole from either CYP3A5 * 1 / * 1 or CYP3A5 * 1 / * 3 groups was much higher in CYP2C19 wt/wts ( n = 4 ) than that in CYP2C19 wt/mts ( n = 3 ) ( P < 0.001 ) , but the C ( max ) and AUC ( ( 0-6 ) ) of ilaprazole from CYP3A5 * 3 / * 3 groups , were significantly lower in CYP2C19 wt/wts ( n = 3 ) compared to CYP2C19 wt/mts ( n = 4 ) ( P < 0.01 ) .	Further analysis showed no correlation between ilaprazole metabolism and CYP2C19 genotypes, evidenced by that the AUC ((0-infinity)) of ilaprazole from either CYP3A5 * 1 / * 1 or CYP3A5 * 1 / * 3 groups was much higher in CYP2C19 wt/wts (n = 4) than that in CYP2C19 wt/mts (n = 3) (P < 0. 001), but the C (max) and AUC ((0-6)) of ilaprazole from CYP3A5 * 3 / * 3 groups, were significantly lower in CYP2C19 wt/wts (n = 3) compared to CYP2C19 wt/mts (n = 4) (P < 0. 01).
CONCLUSIONS	There was no demonstrated relationship between ilaprazole metabolism and CYP3A5 polymorphisms .	There was no demonstrated relationship between ilaprazole metabolism and CYP3A5 polymorphisms.
OBJECTIVE	Gd-DTPA is a well-characterized , safe contrast agent frequently used in magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) of the central nervous system .	Gd-DTPA is a well-characterized, safe contrast agent frequently used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the central nervous system.