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CONCLUSIONS | Preoperative local anti-inflammatory therapy helped to increase the one-year complete success rate after trabeculectomy as compared with the controls . |
CONCLUSIONS | The most significant hypotensive effect was noted in the combination-therapy group ( 80 % ) , less significant -- in the steroid and non-steroid monotherapy groups ( 75 % and 65 % correspondingly ) . |
CONCLUSIONS | A negative correlation was noted between the use of nepafenac and dexamethasone and other measures aimed at increasing the hypotensive effect of glaucoma surgery . |
###25899215 | null |
METHODS | Case-control study ; ecological study . |
OBJECTIVE | To examine the efficacy of wearing compression stockings to prevent muscle damage and to maintain running performance during a marathon competition . |
BACKGROUND | Exercise-induced muscle damage has been identified as one of the main causes of the progressive decrease in running and muscular performance found during marathon races . |
METHODS | Thirty-four experienced runners were pair-matched for age , anthropometric data , and best race time in the marathon , and randomly assigned to a control group ( n = 17 ) of runners who wore conventional socks or to a group of runners who wore foot-to-knee graduated compression stockings ( n = 17 ) . |
METHODS | Before and after the race , a sample of venous blood was obtained , and jump height and leg muscle power were measured during a countermovement jump . |
METHODS | Serum myoglobin and creatine kinase concentrations were determined as blood markers of muscle fiber damage . |
RESULTS | Total race time was not different between the control group and the compression stockings group ( 210 23 and 214 22 minutes , respectively ; P = .58 ) . |
RESULTS | Between the control group and the compression stockings group , postrace reductions in leg muscle power ( -19.8 % 17.7 % versus -24.8 % 18.4 % , respectively ; P = .37 ) and jump height ( -25.3 % 14.1 % versus -32.5 % . |
RESULTS | 20.4 % , respectively ; P = .27 ) were similar . |
RESULTS | At the end of the race , there were no differences between the control group and the compression stockings group in serum myoglobin ( 568 347 ngmL ( -1 ) versus 573 270 ngmL ( -1 ) , respectively ; P = .97 ) and creatine kinase concentration ( 390 166 UL ( -1 ) versus 487 227 UL ( -1 ) , respectively ; P = .16 ) . |
CONCLUSIONS | The use of compression stockings did not improve running pace and did not prevent exercise-induced muscle damage during the marathon . |
CONCLUSIONS | Wearing compression stockings during long-distance running events is an ineffective strategy to avoid the deleterious effects of muscle damage on running performance . |
METHODS | Therapy , level 2b . |
###24361853 | null |
BACKGROUND | The relationships of left ventricular ( LV ) longitudinal and circumferential systolic dysfunction with diastolic performance in hypertensive patients have never been compared . |
RESULTS | In 532 asymptomatic hypertensive patients , circumferential function was assessed with the use of midwall fractional shortening ( mFS ) and stress-corrected mFS ( SCmFS ) , whereas longitudinal function was assessed with the use of left atrioventricular plane displacement ( AVPD ) and systolic mitral annulus velocity ( s ' ) . |
RESULTS | Early diastolic annular velocity ( e ' ) and the E/e ' ratio were measured . |
RESULTS | Global longitudinal and circumferential strain were determined in a subset of 210 patients . |
RESULTS | e ' was linearly related to all systolic indexes ( AVPD : R = 0.40 ; s ' : R = 0.39 ; mFS : R = 0.16 ; SCmFS : R = 0.17 ; all P < .0001 ) , but the correlations were stronger with longitudinal indexes than with circumferential ones ( P < .0001 ) . |
RESULTS | E/e ' was nonlinearly related to AVPD ( R = -0.49 ; P < .0001 ) and s ' ( R = -0.34 ; P < .0001 ) and showed no relationship with mFS and SCmFS . |
RESULTS | Longitudinal indexes were superior to circumferential ones in predicting e ' < 8 cm/s , E/e ' < 8 , and E/e ' 13 . |
RESULTS | The effect of LV geometry on LV diastolic function was evident among patients with preserved systolic longitudinal function , but was blunted among patients with impaired longitudinal function . |
RESULTS | In multivariable analyses , only longitudinal indexes remained associated with e ' and E/e ' . |
RESULTS | Analyses using strains provided similar results . |
CONCLUSIONS | In asymptomatic hypertensive subjects , LV diastolic performance is independently associated with longitudinal systolic dysfunction , but not with circumferential systolic dysfunction . |
CONCLUSIONS | Subtle longitudinal systolic impairment plays a role in mediating the effect of LV geometry on diastolic performance . |
CONCLUSIONS | These findings may support the need of critically revising the concept of isolated diastolic dysfunction in these patients . |
###25395709 | null |
BACKGROUND | Multiple Sclerosis ( MS ) is a chronic and disabling disease resulting in disabilities in young and middle-aged persons . |
BACKGROUND | In this study , researchers explored the effect of yoga techniques on physical activities and sexual function among some Iranian women with MS. |
METHODS | In this study , 60 Iranian women with multiple sclerosis ( MS ) were placed in two equally divided control and case groups through random selection to assess pre-and post-effects of yoga exercises on their physical activities and sexual satisfaction levels . |
METHODS | Women in case group were offered a series of yoga training and exercises for 3 months , which consisted of 8 sessions per month for 60 to 90 minutes at each session . |
METHODS | Yoga training program included the 3 principles of slow motions ( Hatayoga ) , respiratory exercises ( Pranayama ) and centralization to control mind via meditation , expansion and stasis ( Rajayoga ) . |
METHODS | After 3 months both groups were surveyed using the initial questionnaire to evaluate and compare findings with the base-line data . |
RESULTS | Researchers found significant statistical difference in physical activity and sexual satisfaction levels among the women in case group ( P = 0.001 ) . |
RESULTS | Women in case group showed improvement in physical ability while women in control group manifested exacerbated symptoms . |
CONCLUSIONS | Yoga techniques may improve physical activities and sexual satisfaction function of women with MS. |
###26080882 | null |
OBJECTIVE | To evaluate the safety and efficacy of antiplatelet therapy of ticagrelor on patients suffering from acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention . |
METHODS | In the study , 96 patients suffering from acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction onset within 12 h undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention from May to October in 2013 were randomly divided into ticagrelor group ( n = 48 ) and clopidogrel group ( n = 48 ) by using the method of random number table . |
METHODS | Ticagrelor and clopidogrel antiplatelet treatment were used before and after operation . |
METHODS | Their baseline data , coronary artery disease characteristics , platelet count , adenosine diphosphate ( ADP ) - induced platelet inhibition rate by thrombelastograph after 5 days of treatment , the major adverse cardiovascular events of the follow up for 6 months and bleeding complications were observed and compared in the two groups . |
RESULTS | The differences between the two groups of patients with their baseline data , the features of coronary artery lesions , platelet count before and after 5 days of treatment had no statistical significance ( P > 0.05 ) . |
RESULTS | ADP induced platelet inhibition rate [ ( 80.210.7 ) % ] after 5 days of treatment in ticagrelor group was significantly higher than that in clopidogrel group [ ( 75.312.1 ) % , P < 0.05 ] . |
RESULTS | The two groups of patients were followed up for 6 months , 8 cases of major adverse cardiovascular events occurred in clopidogrel group , 2 cases of major adverse cardiovascular events occurred in ticagrelor group , and there was significant difference between the two groups ( P < 0.05 ) . |
RESULTS | The two groups ( 7 cases of 48 patients in ticagrelor group vs. 3 cases of 48 patients in clopidogrel group ) had no statistically significant difference in bleeding complications ( P > 0.05 ) . |
CONCLUSIONS | Antiplatelet therapy of ticagrelor on patients suffering from acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing emergency PCI has good efficacy and safety . |
###25100336 | null |
OBJECTIVE | To evaluate the image quality , radiation dose and diagnostic accuracy of 80kVp , high-pitch CT pulmonary angiography ( CTPA ) with iterative reconstruction using 20 ml of contrast agent . |
METHODS | One hundred patients with suspected pulmonary embolism ( PE ) were randomly divided into two groups ( n = 50 each ; group A , 100 kVp , 1.2 pitch , 60 ml of contrast medium and filtered back projection algorithm ; group B , 80 kVp , 2.2 pitch , 20 ml of contrast medium and sinogram affirmed iterative reconstruction ) . |
METHODS | Image quality , diagnostic accuracy and radiation dose were evaluated and compared . |
RESULTS | Mean CT numbers of pulmonary arteries in group B were higher than those in group A ( all P < 0.001 ) . |
RESULTS | Contrast-to-noise ratio and signal-to-noise ratio of group B were higher than those of group A ( both P < 0.001 ) . |
RESULTS | There was no significant difference in subjective image quality scores between two groups ( P = 0.807 ) . |
RESULTS | The interobserver agreement was excellent ( k = 0.836 ) . |
RESULTS | There was no significant difference in diagnostic accuracy between the two groups ( P > 0.05 ) . |
RESULTS | Compared with group A , radiation dose of group B was reduced by 50.3 % ( P < 0.001 ) . |
CONCLUSIONS | High-pitch CTPA at 80 kVp can obtain sufficient image quality in normal-weight individuals with 20 ml of contrast agent and half the radiation dose of a conventional CTPA protocol . |
CONCLUSIONS | CTPA is feasible at 80 kVp using only 20 ml of contrast agent . |
CONCLUSIONS | High-pitch CTPA at 80 kVp has an effective dose under 1 mSv . |
CONCLUSIONS | This CTPA protocol can obtain sufficient image quality in normal-weight individuals . |
###25267532 | null |
BACKGROUND | Families express a need for guidance in helping their loved ones with anorexia nervosa ( AN ) . |
BACKGROUND | Guided self-help interventions can offer support to caregivers . |
METHODS | One hundred seventy-eight adult AN patients and their caregivers were recruited from 15 UK treatment centres . |
METHODS | Families were randomized to carers ' assessment , skills and information sharing ( C ) intervention + treatment as usual ( TAU ) or TAU alone . |
METHODS | Feedback forms were sent at 6months post-discharge and , if not returned , at 12months . |
METHODS | One hundred two ( 57 % ) patient forms ( n = 50TAU ; n = 52C ) and 115 ( 65 % ) caregiver forms ( n = 60TAU ; n = 55C ) were returned . |
METHODS | Two researchers coded data blind , using thematic analysis . |
RESULTS | ( i ) Caregivers and patients express a need for post-discharge support . |
RESULTS | ( ii ) Patients identify helpful and unhelpful support strategies , useful for developing future interventions . |
RESULTS | ( iii ) Patients could identify positive caregiver behaviour changes targeted in intervention . |
RESULTS | ( iv ) Guided self-help may benefit caregiver and sufferer , post-discharge . |
CONCLUSIONS | Caregiver interventions can be a useful tool that will improve the cost effectiveness of inpatient treatment by enhancing the well-being of caregivers and patients . |
###24799513 | null |
BACKGROUND | Cardiac mortality and electrophysiological dysfunction both increase with age . |
BACKGROUND | Heart rate variability ( HRV ) provides indices of autonomic function and electrophysiology that are associated with cardiac risk . |
BACKGROUND | How habitual physical activity among older adults prospectively relates to HRV , including nonlinear indices of erratic sinus patterns , is not established . |
BACKGROUND | We hypothesized that increasing the levels of both total leisure-time activity and walking would be prospectively associated with more favorable time-domain , frequency-domain , and nonlinear HRV measures in older adults . |
RESULTS | We evaluated serial longitudinal measures of both physical activity and 24-hour Holter HRV over 5 years among 985 older US adults in the community-based Cardiovascular Health Study . |
RESULTS | After multivariable adjustment , greater total leisure-time activity , walking distance , and walking pace were each prospectively associated with specific , more favorable HRV indices , including higher 24-hour standard deviation of all normal-to-normal intervals ( Ptrend = 0.009 , 0.02 , 0.06 , respectively ) and ultralow-frequency power ( Ptrend = 0.02 , 0.008 , 0.16 , respectively ) . |
RESULTS | Greater walking pace was also associated with a higher short-term fractal scaling exponent ( Ptrend = 0.003 ) and lower Poincar ratio ( Ptrend = 0.02 ) , markers of less erratic sinus patterns . |
CONCLUSIONS | Greater total leisure-time activity , and walking alone , as well , were prospectively associated with more favorable and specific indices of autonomic function in older adults , including several suggestive of more normal circadian fluctuations and less erratic sinoatrial firing . |
CONCLUSIONS | Our results suggest potential mechanisms that might contribute to lower cardiovascular mortality with habitual physical activity later in life . |
###24573358 | null |
OBJECTIVE | Our aim was to compare anatomical and functional outcome between vaginal colposuspension and transvaginal mesh . |
METHODS | This was a prospective randomized controlled trial in a teaching hospital . |
METHODS | Sixty-eight women with stage 3 anterior vaginal wall prolapse according to the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification ( POP-Q ) system were assessed , randomized , and analyzed . |
METHODS | Patients were randomized to anterior colporrhaphy with vaginal colposuspension ( n = 35 ) or transvaginal mesh ( n = 33 ) . |
METHODS | Primary outcome was objective cure rate of the anterior vaginal wall , defined as POP-Q 1 at 2years . |
METHODS | Secondary outcomes were functional results , quality-of-life ( QoL ) scores , mesh-related morbidity , and onset of urinary incontinence . |
RESULTS | The anatomical result for point Ba was significantly better at 2years in the mesh group ( -2.8 cm ) than in the colposuspension group ( -2.4 cm ) ( p = 0.02 ) . |
RESULTS | Concerning POP-Q stages , the anatomical success rate at 2years was 84.4 % for colposuspension and 100 % for mesh ( p = 0.05 ) . |
RESULTS | There were 5 anatomic recurrences ( 15.6 % ) in the colposuspension group . |
RESULTS | The erosion rate was 6 % ( n = 2 ) . |
RESULTS | No significant difference was noted regarding minor complications . |