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23571102

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellen%20Brown%20Lake

Ellen Brown Lake

Ellen Brown Lake is a lake of Pictou County, in Nova Scotia, Canada. Ellen Brown Lake is in the headwaters of the West Branch of St. Mary's River. The lake lies just north of the Nelson River, a tributary of the St. Mary's. Environment Canada collected water quality data in the lake in 1997. Selected findings were alkalinity 2 mg/L CaCO3, pH 6.29, total nitrogen 0.112 mg/L and total phosphorus 0.0049 mg/L. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References Sources Lakes of Nova Scotia

6899568

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WBCB%20%28AM%29

WBCB (AM)

WBCB is an AM broadcast station licensed to operate on 1490  kHz for Levittown, Pennsylvania, and serving the areas of Bucks County, Pennsylvania and other parts of suburban Philadelphia. Its programming mixes news, talk, music and local sports. WBCB began broadcasting on December 8, 1957 by owner Drew J.T. O'Keefe, who was a Main Line attorney. He owned the station until his death in the late 1980s. The early years were marked by the emergence of soon to be big name personalities like Bill Bircher and Horace Greely McNabb. Since 1992, the station has been owned by local businessman Pasquale T. Deon Jr. and veteran Philadelphia Eagles broadcaster Merrill Reese, who was a WBCB alumnus early in his career. Current personalities Merrill Reese Dan Baker Greg Luzinski Dennis Ostopowicz Ted Efaw, Program Director Chris Ermer Jim Foxwell, Mornings Fearon Derry Pat Wandling, Speak Your Piece Lou Powers Joe LeCompte Brooks Saint Ives Jack Speers Billy Werndl Paul Jolovitz Keith Noonan Alumni personalities Vince Reed, News, for over 40 years. Bruce Bailey, ca. 1971 evening shift from 7p.m.-Midnight Jerry Angert, 1989–1991, GM, PD, Morning Host Steve Bessler, Morning Drive, 1980s Bill Tourot, Overnight DJ, 1982 Tom Richards, Overnight fill-in, 1982 Jim Costanzo, Overnight fill-in, 1982 Paul Baroli Jr, Program Manager, Coffee With Kahuna, for 10 years. Dick Fennessy (Tom Sommers) 1972-1974 Afternoons/Evenings John Brown Evenings and Afternoons 1970s Dan Wing - News Anchor/Sports Director/DJ - 2007-2014 Bill Matter, afternoon drive fill-in, 1979 Al Stewart (Allan Hotlen) Nights "Quick" Karl Rahmer 6p.m.-Midnight Charles A. Hidalgo, On Air Talent, 1984 to 1994 Jim Glogowski - Jimmy G, 1970's and 1980's Speciality shows Monday Night Kickoff Pro Football Report with Merrill Reese The Bull Session with Dan Baker and Greg "The Bull" Luzinski Baseball Insiders with John Brazer and Ricky Bottalico Bill Clement's Hockey World Pro Wrestling Weekly with Fearon Derry Chart Toppers with Fearon Derry Racing Wrap With Skip Clayton The Dennis Ostopowicz Polka Show Sunshine Music Memories with Smilin' Lou Powers Jolly and the Loon External links Radio stations established in 1957 BCB Full service radio stations in the United States

17326690

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%20California%20Proposition%204

2008 California Proposition 4

Proposition 4, or the Abortion Waiting Period and Parental Notification Initiative, also known to its supporters as Sarah's Law, was an initiative state constitutional amendment in the 2008 California general election. The initiative would prohibit abortion for un-emancipated minors until 48 hours after physician notifies minor's parent, legal guardian or, if parental abuse has been reported, an alternative adult family member. Proposition 4 was rejected by voters on November 4, 2008. Specific provisions The proposed initiative, if enacted as a constitutional amendment, would: Provide exceptions for medical emergency or parental waiver. Permit courts to waive notice based on clear and convincing evidence of minor's maturity or best interests. Mandate reporting requirements, including reports from physicians regarding abortions on minors. Authorize monetary damages against physicians for violation. Require minor's consent to abortion, with exceptions. Permit judicial relief if minor's consent is coerced. Fiscal Impact Health and Social Services Costs. Annual costs in the range of $4 million to $5 million for the state and about $2 million for counties, and potential one-time Medi-Cal automation costs unlikely to exceed a few million dollars. Costs to Local Law Enforcement and Courts. Annual costs in the range of $5 million to $6 million per year. Potential Offsetting Savings. Unknown, potential savings to the state in health care and public assistance costs from decreases in sexually transmitted diseases and teen pregnancy. Supporters The Friends of Sarah, the Parental or Alternative Family Member Notification Act. is the official ballot committee. Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger Arguments in favor of Prop. 4 Notable arguments that have been made in favor of Prop. 4 include: 34 other U.S. States have had notification laws in place for as long as 25 years. When a minor obtains an abortion without the knowledge of a family member or guardian, her health can be endangered if health complications arise after the abortion. If a minor becomes pregnant because of sexual violence or predation, a sexual predator may be missed, because the abortion clinic may not report the sexual crime. Donors As of September 27, 2008, the six largest donors to Prop. 4 are: Jim Holman, $1,525,590. (Of this, $1.35 million is listed as a loan.) Don Sebastiani, $530,000. Knights of Columbus, $200,000. Life Legal Defense Foundation, $50,000. The Lenawee Trust, $100,000. The Caster Family Trust, $100,000. Path to ballot and prior attempts at passage The signature-gathering drive to qualify the 2008 Parental Notification petition for the ballot was conducted by petition management firm Bader & Associates, Inc. at a cost of $2,555,000. Proposition 4 represents the third time that California voters will have considered the issue of a parental notification/waiting period for abortion. The two previous, unsuccessful, initiatives were California Proposition 85 (2006) and California Proposition 73 (2005). When Prop 73 lost in 2005, some supporters thought that a similar measure would fare better in a general election. However, Prop 85 did worse. Unlike 85 or 73, Proposition 4 allows an adult relative of the minor seeking an abortion to be notified, if the minor's parents are abusive. Camille Giulio, a spokeswoman for the pro-4 campaign said that the November 2008 election represents a better opportunity for parental notification legislation because: There will be a higher voter turnout in November 2008 than when 85 and 73 were voted on. Socially conservative voters will be motivated to come to the polls to vote in favor of the much higher profile Proposition 8. While at the polls, they are likely to also vote in favor of 4. The two previous campaigns represented narrow defeats in low budget campaigns. Opposition to Prop. 4 The Campaign for Teen Safety is the official ballot committee against the proposition. American Academy of Pediatrics, California District American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, District IX California Academy of Family Physicians California Family Health Council California Nurses Association California School Counselors Association California Teachers Association Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California California NOW Equality California The Let California Ring coalition Arguments against Prop. 4 Notable arguments that have been made against Prop. 4 include: Mandated parental notification laws do not work. No law can mandate family communication. Some teenagers can't go to their parents for fear of being forced to leave their home, abuse, or worse. Prop 4 may force these teens to delay medical care, turn to self-induced abortions, or consider suicide. The reason there are fewer teen pregnancies in states mandating parental notification is that more teenage girls choose to go underground and have unsafe abortions which go unreported. Fear of parents being notified in the event of an abortion is highly unlikely to motivate teens to practice abstinence. This proposition is extremely gender-biased. It is unlikely that any law would mandate the notification of the father's parents. The vote will be biased as those affected by the bill, namely minors, are unable to vote on it. If a teen seeks the support of another adult, her parents would automatically be reported to authorities, and an investigation would ensue. Consultants The No on 4 campaign has hired the Dewey Square Group as a consultant. Donors to opposition As of September 27, some of the top donors to the opposition campaign were: A number of different Planned Parenthood affiliates, including the Los Angeles, Mar Monte, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, Shasta Diablo and Pasadena offices, $4,485,000 California Teachers Association, $450,000. California Family Health Council, $80,000. Committee for a New Economy, $25,000. ACLU, Northern California, $50,000. ACLU, Southern California, $10,000. Susan Orr, $100,000. John Morgridge, $100,000. Lawsuit filed over Prop. 4 language Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California and others filed a lawsuit with the Sacramento County Superior Court in early August to strike out all references to "Sarah" and "Sarah's Law" and "other misleading language in the voter's guide" for Proposition 4. The title "Sarah's Law" refers to the case of 15-year-old "Sarah" who died as a result of an abortion in 1994. Proposition 4's ballot language in the official voter's guide suggests that "Sarah" might have been saved had her parents known about her abortion. Opponents of Proposition 4 argue that "Sarah" was not considered a minor in Texas, where the abortion was performed, and that she already had a child with a man who claimed to be her common-law husband. If this is the case, the proposed law, Proposition 4, would not have helped her, since it wouldn't have applied to her. Based on this reasoning, opponents asked that the references to Sarah be stricken. Judge Michael Kenny of the Sacramento Superior Court ultimately ruled against the opponents, allowing the original proposed ballot language and arguments, including references to Sarah, to stay in the official California voter's pamphlet. Polling information The Field Poll has conducted and released the results of four public opinion polls on Proposition 4, in July, August, September, and October. Mark DiCamillo, director of the polling agency, said he believes the current version is running stronger because Latinos overwhelmingly favor it and are expected to vote in higher-than-usual numbers in November. Newspaper endorsements Editorial boards in favor San Diego Union Tribune Orange County Register Editorial boards opposed Los Angeles Times San Francisco Chronicle Results References Further reading To defeat Obama, conservatives take the initiative Fisher: Anti-abortion ballot measure still a bad idea External links California's official voter guide on Proposition 4 Text of initiative Signature validation progress sheet, from the California Secretary of State. CaliforniaPropositions.org Prop 4 information page California Voter Online guide to Proposition 4 Smart Voter Guide to Proposition 4 Campaign Expenditures for Proposition 4, Parental Notification Supporters Sarah's Law Yes on 4 Parents' Right to Know California Opponents No on Proposition 4 4 Abortion referendums Failed amendments to the Constitution of California Initiatives in the United States United States state abortion legislation Women in California

23571124

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poor%20Butterfly%20%28film%29

Poor Butterfly (film)

Poor Butterfly () is a 1986 Argentine drama film directed by Raúl de la Torre. It was entered into the 1986 Cannes Film Festival. Cast Graciela Borges as Clara Lautaro Murúa Pepe Soriano as Shloime Víctor Laplace as Jose Bibi Andersson as Gertrud Duilio Marzio Cipe Lincovsky as Juana Fernando Fernán Gómez Ana María Picchio as Irma China Zorrilla Cacho Fontana References External links 1986 films 1986 drama films Films directed by Raúl de la Torre Argentine drama films 1980s Spanish-language films 1980s Argentine films

23571128

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little%20Cranberry%20Lake%20%28Digby%29

Little Cranberry Lake (Digby)

Little Cranberry Lake is a lake of Digby District, in Nova Scotia, Canada. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References National Resources Canada Lakes of Nova Scotia

17326705

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San%20Bernardo%2C%20Durango

San Bernardo, Durango

San Bernardo (also, Bernardo) is a town and seat of the municipality of San Bernardo in the state of Durango in Mexico. As of 2010, the town had a population of 700. References Fotos de Fotos de San Bernardo, Durango Populated places in Durango

6899572

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%27d%20Do%20Anything

I'd Do Anything

I'd Do Anything may refer to: I'd Do Anything (2004 TV series), a 2004 American reality series that aired on ESPN I'd Do Anything (2008 TV series), a 2008 talent show-themed television series that aired on the BBC "I'd Do Anything" (Oliver! song), from the musical Oliver! "I'd Do Anything" (Simple Plan song) "I'd Do Anything" (Dead or Alive song)

17326732

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asli

Asli

Asli may refer to: Orang Asli, the indigenous people in Malaysia Aslı, a Turkish feminine given name Asli (surname) Asli Demirguc-Kunt (born 1961), Turkish economist Asli Hassan Abade, Somali pilot

23571134

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake%20Henry%20%28Nova%20Scotia%29

Lake Henry (Nova Scotia)

Lake Henry is a lake in the municipal district of St. Mary's, in Nova Scotia, Canada. See also List of lakes in Nova Scotia References National Resources Canada Henry

23571136

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida%20Stallion%20Stakes

Florida Stallion Stakes

The Florida Stallion Stakes is an American series of Thoroughbred horse races run annually at Calder Race Course in Miami Gardens, Florida. Created in 1982 to benefit the Florida Thoroughbred breeding industry, it is open to two-year-olds sired by a nominated Florida stallion and raced over three months at increasing distances. In order for a horse to run in the Florida Stallion Stakes series, their sire must have been nominated each year for a set fee which makes all of that stallions' foals eligible to participate. Graduated payments are required over a nineteen-month period in order to maintain the foals' eligibility. In 1984, Smile became the first horse to ever win all three legs of the Florida Stallion Stakes. In 2009, due to the rising popularity of the Florida Stallion Stakes, the Florida Thoroughbred Breeders’ and Owners’ Association, in partnership with Florida stallion owners, announced an agreement with the Florida Horsemen’s Benevolent and Protective Association and Churchill Downs Inc., to bring significant changes to juvenile racing at Calder Race Course. One of the biggest changes being made is the scheduling of the races. Traditionally the last leg of both the colt and the filly races have been held very near or on the date of the Breeder's Cup World Championship which often forced trainers to decide between going to the Breeder's Cup and the Florida Stallion Stakes. "The [new] agreement calls for the legs to be scheduled at least three weeks apart, including the time between the final legs and the Breeders’ Cup." Richard Hancock, executive vice president of the FTBOA, hopes that this will encourage Florida trainers to use the races a preparatory events to get their horses ready to compete in the Breeder’s Cup. Florida Stallion Stakes Each race is named in honor of a horse bred in Florida. Two-year-old filly divisions: Desert Vixen Stakes - 6 furlongs in August Susan's Girl Stakes - 7 furlongs in September My Dear Girl Stakes - 8.5 furlongs (11/16 miles) in October Two-year-old colt divisions: Dr. Fager Stakes - 6 furlongs in August Affirmed Stakes - 7 furlongs in September In Reality Stakes - 8.5 furlongs (11/16 miles) in October References The Florida Stallion Stakes at Calder Race Course Flat horse races for two-year-olds Horse races in Florida Recurring sporting events established in 1982 Calder Race Course 1982 establishments in Florida

23571145

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Values%20and%20Virtues

Values and Virtues

Values And Virtues is an EP by former Dum Dums vocalist Josh Doyle. Track listing "High School Soldier" - 3:50 "Ghosts Like You" - 4:18 "Pop Idol" - 2:55 "Waiting For The Payoff" - 4:46 "Concrete Moon" - 4:03 Middletown Bonus Tracks "Middletown" - 3:24 "Two Lines Instead Of One" - 3:36 "This Transcendant Ache" - 3:25 "My Jerusalem" - 3:53 "Waiting For The Payoff (Acoustic)" - 4:18 "Jericho" - 3:24 "Damaged Goods" - 4:17 "Army Of Two (Acoustic)" - 4:08 "Concrete Moon (Acoustic)" - 4:56 Credits Written by Josh Doyle Track 2, 4 & 5 produced by Justin Saunders Track 1 & 3 produced and mixed by Joe Baldridge Track 2, 4 & 5 mixed by John Castelli Mastered by Steve Wilson Artwork & design by Shaun Gordon Vocals & guitar by Josh Doyle Additional guitars by Mark Hamilton, Justin Saunders & Jason Moore Bass by Jordan Hester, Beau Burtnick, Tony Lucido & Josh Fink Drums by Paul Evans, Doy Gardner & Joshua Moore Backing vocals by Jason Moore Cello by Justin Saunders References Josh Doyle albums 2009 EPs

6899574

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harald%20Bosio

Harald Bosio

Harald Bosio (2 January 1906 – 2 December 1980) was an Austrian cross-country skier, ski jumper, and Nordic combined skier who competed in the 1920s and in the 1930s. He was born in Judenburg. Olympic Games Bosio competed in the 1928 Winter Olympics, in the 1932 Winter Olympics, and in the 1936 Winter Olympics. In 1932 he finished 21st in the shorter cross-country skiing event and 29th in the Nordic combined competition. He also participated in the ski jumping event but did not finish. Four years later at the 1936 Winter Olympics he finished 28th in the 18 km cross-country skiing event. As member of the Austrian cross-country relay team he finished eighth in the 4x10 km relay competition. World championships He won a bronze individual medal at the 1933 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Innsbruck. References Harald Bosio's profile at Sports Reference.com Mention of death 1906 births 1980 deaths Austrian male cross-country skiers Austrian male ski jumpers Austrian male Nordic combined skiers Olympic cross-country skiers of Austria Olympic Nordic combined skiers of Austria Olympic ski jumpers of Austria Ski jumpers at the 1928 Winter Olympics Cross-country skiers at the 1932 Winter Olympics Nordic combined skiers at the 1932 Winter Olympics Ski jumpers at the 1932 Winter Olympics Cross-country skiers at the 1936 Winter Olympics FIS Nordic World Ski Championships medalists in Nordic combined People from Judenburg Sportspeople from Styria 20th-century Austrian people

23571148

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atar%20%28disambiguation%29

Atar (disambiguation)

Atar is the Zoroastrian concept for "burning and unburning fire" and "visible and invisible fire". Atar may also refer to: People Atar (name) Places Atar Department Atar International Airport Atar, Mauritania, a city in Mauritania Atar, Padang Ganting, a village in Indonesia Other uses ATAR, an acronym for Australian Tertiary Admission Rank Atelier Technique Aéronautique de Rickenbach ATAR-23 SNECMA Atar Volant SNECMA Atar, a French jet engine AT-AR, a type of Imperial Walker from the Star Wars fictional universe See also Advanced Tactical Airborne Reconnaissance System (ATARS) Attar (disambiguation)

17326743

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Sadler%20%28yacht%20designer%29

David Sadler (yacht designer)

David Sadler (13 February 1921 – 5 March 2014) was a British yacht designer who was responsible for a number of classic production yachts during the period from 1960 to 1980. His designs include the Contessa 26, the Contessa 32, the Sadler 25, the Sadler 29 and the Sadler 32. The Contessa 32 is his most successful design, with over 750 built. References 1921 births 2014 deaths British yacht designers

23571165

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thank%20You%20Pretty%20Baby

Thank You Pretty Baby

"Thank You Pretty Baby" is 1959 R&B/pop hit by Brook Benton. The song was written by Brook Benton and Clyde Otis. Chart performance The single was the second release for Benton as solo artist to reach number one on the R&B charts. It held the top spot for four weeks. "Thank You Pretty Baby" was a successful crossover hit, peaking at number sixteen on the Billboard Hot 100. Cover version The track was covered by Curley Bridges on his 1999 album, Keys to the Blues. References 1959 singles Brook Benton songs Songs written by Clyde Otis 1959 songs Songs written by Brook Benton

23571166

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music%20of%20the%20Spheres%20Society

Music of the Spheres Society

Inspired by the Neoplatonic academies of 16th and 17th-century Italy, which combined discourse with musical presentations, the Music of the Spheres Society was founded in 2001 by its artistic director and violinist, Stephanie Chase, and hornist Ann Ellsworth. Its first concert took place in New York City on November 1, 2001, the proceeds of which were donated to families of firefighters from two nearby stations who were killed at the World Trade Center disaster. The mission of the Society is to promote classical music through innovative chamber music concerts and pre-concert lectures which illuminate music’s historical, philosophical and scientific foundations, in order to give greater context for music to the average audience member. The Music of the Spheres Society features a core group of artists - Stephanie Chase (violin), Hsin-Yun Huang (viola), and Jon Manasse (clarinet) - plus guest artists that include soloists, chamber musicians, and principal members of the Metropolitan Opera Orchestra. Its concerts feature works composed for one to nine performers, dating from the 16th to 21st centuries. Many of the Society's artists specialize in historically informed performance practices or contemporary music. Of a performance by the Society of Messiaen's Quartet for the End of Time, a New York Times critic wrote: "These musicians brought the music vividly to life in every particular. They should be playing it everywhere. They should go on the road with it tomorrow." Concert programs presented by the Society explore the contexts of music and include chamber music master-pieces, lesser-known works, and world or US premieres. Contemporary music performed by the Society has included world premieres and works by Edward Applebaum, John Harbison, Lou Harrison, and Jose Evangelista. Works by less-known composers - such as Juan Arriaga, Johan Kvandal, Leoš Janáček, Jan Dussek, Zdenek Fibich, and Bohuslav Martinu - are programmed alongside composers such as Brahms, Schubert, Mozart, Ravel, Beethoven, and Prokofiev. Since 2001 the Society has presented a series of chamber music concerts in New York City - at venues that include Weill Recital Hall at Carnegie Hall, Merkin Concert Hall, the Society for Ethical Culture - and has been presented by concert organizations that include The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Dallas Chamber Music and Troy (NY) Friends of Music. The Society presents concerts on both original and modern style instruments. Lectures presented by the Society focus primarily on a philosophical, scientific, or historic aspect of music and reveal some of the historic contexts of composed music. Guest lecturers have included music historians, an organologist, a Freudian analyst, music therapists, and ethnomusicologists. “Music of the Spheres” is a term applied to an idea put forth by the Greek scholar Pythagoras (6th century BCE) and his followers, among them Plato and Kepler, that the proportional ratios used to describe musical intervals also refer to those of the physical universe, including the orbiting motion of planets. Pythagoras recognized the innate connection between musical sound, or its “pitch,” and the physical characteristics of an object producing that sound. He is credited with discovering the physical laws of musical sound through his observations that the ratio of mass - as in a vibrating string length sounding an interval - of a fifth is 2:3, that of an octave is 1:2, and that of the fourth is 3:4. Thus, he proved that there is a correlation between the vibrations of sound and the physical world, such as that of numbers and proportion. (See Music and mathematics.) Incorporated in February 2002, the Music of the Spheres Society is a non-profit, 501 c(3) organization. References External links The Music of the Spheres Society official site 2001 establishments in the United States Chamber music groups Musical groups established in 2001 Musical groups from New York City

6899604

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Quest%20of%20the%20Missing%20Map

The Quest of the Missing Map

The Quest of the Missing Map is the nineteenth volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1942 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Mildred Wirt Benson. Plot summary Nancy investigates a small ship cottage at the Chatham estate and discovers a connection between the mysterious occurrences at the cottage and an island where a lost treasure is said to be buried. With one half of a map, Nancy sets out to find a missing twin brother who holds the other half. The mystery becomes dangerous when an assailant hears about the treasure and is determined to push Nancy off the trail. Can she endure this and other grave dangers, and recover in time to solve the mystery? References External links Nancy Drew books 1942 American novels 1942 children's books Grosset & Dunlap books Children's mystery novels

23571183

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malandro%20Records

Malandro Records

Malandro Records was an American record label based in Cincinnati, Ohio, which released albums by Brazilian musicians. Founded by Rick Warm, the label released about 20 albums before it ceased operation. The label's name came from the Portuguese word malandragem, a person who lived a certain type of free lifestyle. All About Jazz called Malandro "the leading U.S. label specializing in contemporary Brazilian music". Discography Recordings c. 1996 – 2001 References American record labels Brazilian record labels Music of Cincinnati

6899608

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDaliakalnis

Žaliakalnis

Žaliakalnis (literally, "the green hill") is an elderate in Lithuania's second largest city, Kaunas. Žaliakalnis is located north of the old town and the city center area, between the Neris and Girstupis valleys. It is one of the largest residential areas in Kaunas, with a population of 38,480 in 2006. History Žaliakalnis became part of Kaunas in 1919, when the city became the temporary capital of Lithuania. Kaunas expanded rapidly and the need for a comprehensive plan became evident by 1922. The Danish engineer M. Frandsen was invited to devise this plan. In Frandsen's plan, Žaliakalnis was to be an important part of Kaunas, where all the city's administrative functions would be located. This part of the concept was not fulfilled, although the neighbourhood quickly became very popular and many modern residences were built. In 1924-1925 alone, more than 300 plots were created and sold. In accordance with the plan, its streets were planted with different species of trees, and space was left for gardens. By 1940, the area was largely built up, and only a few plots remained vacant. Points of interest Žaliakalnis is home to Ąžuolynas Park, containing a stand of centuries-old oak trees. It is the largest stand of urban oaks within Europe, covering 63 hectares. A few sections of the park have been separated into Vytautas Park and Dainų slėnis. The only Zoo in Lithuania is located across the road from Ąžuolynas. A large number of buildings of functionalism architecture, predominant in the interbellum, are still preserved in the elderate. Žaliakalnis was home for some well known Lithuanian writers and artists such as Balys Sruoga, Vincas Krėvė-Mickevičius, Ieva Simonaitytė, Kazys Binkis, Kipras Petrauskas, President Valdas Adamkus grew up here. Now Žaliakalnis is a popular upmarket residential area. Žaliakalnis contains a number of sports facilities and educational institutions: Kaunas University of Technology campus Lithuanian Academy of Physical Education Kaunas Sports Hall S. Darius and S. Girėnas Stadium National Football Academy References City of Kaunas - Elderate of Žaliakalnis External links Website of Kaunas city Neighbourhoods of Kaunas

6899609

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20England%20Music%20Camp

New England Music Camp

The New England Music Camp (NEMC) is a summer camp for music students ages 11–18, located on in Sidney, Maine, on the eastern shore of Messalonskee Lake in the Belgrade Lakes region. It was founded in 1937 on the site of the defunct Eastern Music Camp. The camp has facilities for some 200 campers as well as faculty and staff. It follows a balanced structure of musical training (in the morning) and standard athletic activities (in the afternoon) such as sailing, kayaking, archery, tennis, softball, soccer, volleyball, badminton etc. There are numerous concerts offered free to the public during its seven-week season on site at the Bowl in the Pines or Alumni Hall (respectively, the camp's outdoor and indoor performance venues). Two pops-style concerts are presented for a small fee at the nearby Oakland Performing Arts Center in Oakland. New England Music Camp has many alumni move on to successful careers in music. NEMC alumni have won positions in the New York Philharmonic, the St. Louis Symphony, the Chicago Symphony, the Cleveland Orchestra and the Houston Symphony. Music facilities The Bowl in the Pines The Bowl in the Pines, North America's second largest outdoor amphitheater, is home to concerts by all of NEMC's performing groups every Sunday and on select Saturdays at 3:00 p.m. for the entire camp season. The Symphony Band, Symphony Orchestra, Stage Band, and Jazz Ensemble rehearse on the bowl stage in the mornings. Backstage are several practice rooms, and the percussion, tuba, and bass studios. It is the prettiest place to listen to and play music in. The bowl is also used for the annual talent shows, quad cabin activities, and more. Alumni Hall Alumni Hall is the camp's recital hall located near the entrance to campus. Alumni hall seats over 300 people and hosts faculty recitals Wednesday nights at 8:00 and student honor recitals Friday nights at 7:30. The Concert Band, Concert Orchestra, Treble Choir, and Jazz Band rehearse in Alumni Hall in the mornings. On other nights, alumni hall is used for social functions such as the square dance, all camp movie night, and dual cabin activities. Classrooms and Practice Areas Several other buildings on campus such as the Booth Ensemble Building, the Summer House, and Trustees Hall serve as classrooms for music classes (music theory, orchestral literature, conducting, etc.), sectional rehearsals, and chamber music rehearsals. Numerous practice cabins serve as space for solo practice and private lessons. Recreational facilities The Waterfront The NEMC waterfront consists of a sailing area, a canoe area, and a swimming area. The camp owns seven sailboats and several canoes and kayaks, many of which are used daily in afternoon recreational activities. In addition to being an option for assigned recreation, the swimming area is open to all campers during afternoon free time. The waterfront is run by several counselors and the assistant head counselors, all of whom are certified lifeguards. The Rec Fields The Recreational Fields consist of full soccer and ultimate frisbee fields, a softball field, an archery range, two sand volleyball courts, a weightlifting station, and a basketball court. Three tennis courts are located behind the Lodge across campus, but are still used for afternoon recreation. The rec fields are also used for camper games and all camp olympics, as well as the camper vs. faculty softball game. Dining facilities The Lodge The Lodge is the dining hall, where all students and faculty have breakfast, lunch, and dinner and are told important announcements for the day, such as rehearsal time and other activities. During lunch, mail call takes place in the Lodge. There is a kitchen, the student eating area, a faculty eating area, and a "staff only" upstairs. The Canteen The Canteen sells a wide variety of drinks and snacks and is open for specific hours during the day. In addition, the Canteen also sells souvenirs such as tote bags and New England Music Camp apparel. Housing All cabins at NEMC are organized strictly by age, and most have their own ping pong tables. Two cabins each share a separate shower house located between them. Each cabin also has its own fire pit for cabin cookouts which occur every Monday night. The girls' end of camp is located on the far south side running along the southern border. The boys' end runs from the Bowl to the northern border of campus along the lakefront. References External links Official website Summer camps in Maine Buildings and structures in Kennebec County, Maine

23571195

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Someone%20at%20the%20Door%20%281936%20film%29

Someone at the Door (1936 film)

Someone at the Door is a 1936 British drama film directed by Herbert Brenon and starring Aileen Marson, Billy Milton, Noah Beery, John Irwin and Edward Chapman. A journalist comes up with a scheme to boost his career by inventing a fake murder but soon becomes embroiled in trouble when a real killing takes place. It is based on a successful West End play by Campbell Christie and his wife Dorothy. Plot When penniless Sally (Aileen Marson) inherits a decrepit country manor, formerly her childhood home, she moves in with her younger brother Ronald (Billy Milton). An ambitious young journalist, Ronald comes up with an outlandish scheme to get his first big story. He plans to hide Sally in the house, to fake her death, and then get himself arrested for her murder. When Sally suddenly reappears at his trial, it will prove his innocence, and leave Ronald to supply his paper with an exclusive story. However, the siblings uncover a real mystery when they become mixed up with jewel thieves, whose loot is hidden in their house. Cast Billy Milton as Ronald Martin Aileen Marson as Sally Martin Noah Beery as Harry Kapel Edward Chapman as Price John Irwin as Bill Reid Hermione Gingold as Mrs Appleby Charles Mortimer as Sgt Spedding Edward Dignon as Soames Lawrence Hanray as Poole Jimmy Godden as PC O'Brien Critical reception The Radio Times preferred the film's 1950 remake, "although, in this case, that's not saying much, as the 1950 version of Campbell and Dorothy Christie's old theatrical chestnut wasn't very good either. Contrived only goes part way to describing this creaky thriller"; while Infernal Cinema described the film as "a little like a game of Cluedo come to life," and appreciated, "A short yet entertaining thriller from the thirties," concluding, "Brenon is sometimes under appreciated in the history of cinema, Someone at the Door is a brisk reminder of his talent." References External links 1936 films 1936 drama films Films shot at British International Pictures Studios 1930s English-language films British drama films British black-and-white films British films based on plays 1930s British films

23571200

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick%20Bracey

Frederick Bracey

Frederick Cecil Bracey (20 July 1887 – 28 March 1960) was an English cricketer who played first-class cricket for Derbyshire from 1906 to 1914 Bracey was born at Glossop, Derbyshire. He made his debut for Derbyshire in the 1906 season, in June against Northamptonshire when he only had the chance to bowl seven balls, and was last man in, scoring 1 in his second innings. However he took three wickets in his next match against Warwickshire and continued to play regularly for Derbyshire until 1909 averaging 2 wickets per match. In the 1907 season, he took 5 for 102 against the South Africans, and then in one match against Northamptonshire took 5 for 9 in the first innings and 6 for 36 in the second. In the 1908 season, he took 5 for 66 against Lancashire. He only played half the 1910 season, and did not play at all in 1911. He reappeared for Derbyshire in the 1912 season, maintaining his form and in the 1913 season, he took 6 for 62 against Northamptonshire. In the 1914 season, his performance was considerably down, and the First World War brought a halt to his first-class cricket career. Bracey was a slow left-arm orthodox bowler who took 132 first-class wickets at an average of 23.65 and a best performance of 6-36. He had five 5 wicket innings and one 10 wicket match. He was a left-hand batsman and played 132 innings in 77 first-class matches with an average of 7.20 and a top score of 28. Bracey was also a footballer for Leicester Fosse, Bradford Park Avenue and Rochdale<ref name= Bracey died at Derby at the age of 72. References 1887 births 1960 deaths Derbyshire cricketers English cricketers

20464225

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Basque%20regional%20election

2009 Basque regional election

The 2009 Basque regional election was held on Sunday, 1 March 2009, to elect the 9th Parliament of the Basque Autonomous Community. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election. The election was held simultaneously with a regional election in Galicia. It would be the first time that the elections for two of the Spanish "historical regions"—namely, those comprising Andalusia, Catalonia, Galicia and the Basque Country itself—were held simultaneously. This would evolve into an unwritten convention in subsequent years, with Basque and Galician elections being held concurrently in 2012, 2016 and 2020. The 2009 Basque election was the first one to be held without any major electoral candidacy from the abertzale left, after their previous iterations—the Communist Party of the Basque Homelands (PCTV/EHAK) and Basque Nationalist Action (ANV)—had been outlawed in September 2008 because of their reported ties to ETA and the outlawed Batasuna party. In early February 2009, two political groupings formed by abertzale left members to contest the election, Demokrazia Hiru Milioi (D3M) and Askatasuna ("Freedom"), were barred from contesting the election by both the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court. In response, the abertzale left asked their voters to cast invalid ballots, both in protest to the court rulings and seeking to prevent tactical voting in favour of either Lehendakari Juan José Ibarretxe's Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) or Eusko Alkartasuna (EA). The election resulted in an upset, as Basque nationalist parties lost their parliamentary majority for the first time in 30 years, paving the way for a non-PNV led government. The Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE) under Patxi López gained seven seats to command a 25-strong caucus, the best historical showing of the party in a Basque regional election. The People's Party (PP), which had switched leaders less than a year before the election as former leader María San Gil quit over disagreements with the national leadership of Mariano Rajoy, had a net loss of two seats from 2005. The new Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) party, founded in 2007 by former PSOE member and regional minister Rosa Díez was able to achieve a breakthrough in Álava and have its regional candidate Gorka Maneiro elected. Meanwhile, PNV's previous coalition partners, Eusko Alkartasuna (EA) and Ezker Batua (EB), suffered a harsh electoral downturn with both their leaders losing their seats and resigning in the aftermath of the election. The PSE formed a minority government with López as the first non-PNV lehendakari since 1979 through a confidence and supply agreement with the PP. While both parties had established an uneasy alliance in the Basque Country since the late 1990s despite their overall national rivalry, this would constitute the most relevant agreement reached between both parties at any level of administration. Overview Electoral system The Basque Parliament was the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of the Basque Country, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution of 1978 and the regional Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a lehendakari. Voting for the Parliament was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age, registered in the Basque Country and in full enjoyment of their political rights. The 75 members of the Basque Parliament were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of Álava, Biscay and Gipuzkoa, being allocated a fixed number of 25 seats each to provide for an equal representation of the three provinces in parliament as required under the regional statute of autonomy. This meant that Álava was allocated the same number of seats as Biscay and Gipuzkoa, despite their populations being, as of 1 January 2009: 315,280, 1,154,628 and 704,173, respectively. The use of the D'Hondt method might result in a higher effective threshold, depending on the district magnitude. Election date The term of the Basque Parliament expired four years after the date of its previous election, unless it was dissolved earlier. The election decree was required to be issued no later than the twenty-fifth day prior to the date of expiry of parliament and published on the following day in the Official Gazette of the Basque Country (BOPV), with election day taking place on the fifty-fourth day from publication. The previous election was held on 17 April 2005, which meant that the legislature's term would have expired on 17 April 2009. The election decree was required to be published in the BOPV no later than 24 March 2009, with the election taking place on the fifty-fourth day from publication, setting the latest possible election date for the Parliament on Sunday, 17 May 2009. The lehendakari had the prerogative to dissolve the Basque Parliament at any given time and call a snap election, provided that no motion of no confidence was in process. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a lehendakari within a sixty-day period from the Parliament re-assembly, the Parliament was to be dissolved and a fresh election called. Lehendakari Ibarretxe had been scheduled to announce a snap election for autumn 2008 following his expected failure in holding a proposed referendum on the Basque Country's political status for 25 October 2008, to be averted by the Spanish government. The electoral defeat of the Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) in the 2008 Spanish general election in the region and internal opposition from the PNV leadership to an immediate election delayed the scheduled snap vote to early 2009. Finally on 3 January 2009, Ibarretxe took advantage of Galician president Emilio Pérez Touriño's previous announcement of a Galician election for 1 March to call the Basque election simultaneously, a move which was interpreted by the media and by political parties as intending to caught his political rivals by surprise (particularly, the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) and the People's Party (PP), by forcing them to run two simultaneous election campaigns). Background The Ibarretxe Plan, a major proposal by Lehendakari Juan José Ibarretxe to reform the 1979 Basque Statute of Autonomy and turn the region into an associated state to Spain as a way to ending the ongoing conflict with the paramilitary ETA group, was brought to a standstill following its parliamentary defeat in a vote in the Congress of Deputies on 1 February 2005 and the subsequent electoral setback of Ibarretxe's coalition in the April 2005 regional election. On 22 March 2006, ETA declared a "permanent ceasefire" to allow for a peace process to ensue with the Spanish government under then-Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, but peace talks terminated as a result of the 2006 Madrid–Barajas Airport bombing on 30 December. Later into the legislature on 28 September 2007, Ibarretxe attempted to revive his statute reform plan by announcing a new "right to decide roadmap" which provided for a referendum on the proposal being held by 25 October 2008, whether it was in agreement with the Spanish government or without it. The law establishing the legal framework allowing the Basque government to hold the vote was approved by the Basque Parliament in June 2008, but was subsequently suspended and overturned by the Constitutional Court, which ended up ruling that the law and the proposed referendum were unconstitutional. On 31 August 2006, the leadership of Eusko Alkartasuna (EA) had voted for terminating their electoral alliance with the Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) ahead of the 2007 foral and local elections, after seven years of collaboration; on 10 November 2008, the decision was made irreversible after EA announced its maintainment ahead of the incoming 2009 regional election. The 2007 elections had seen strong gains for the Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE) and a decline for the parties supporting Ibarretxe's government, PNV, EA and Ezker Batua (EB), a situation confirmed one year later in the 2008 Spanish general election in the region as the PSE–EE emerged as the most voted party with 38.1% and 9 out of 18 Congress seats. Concurrently, and in application of the 2002 Law of Political Parties—which allowed the outlawing of parties "whose activity violates democratic principles, particularly when it seeks to deteriorate or destroy the regime of freedoms or prevent or eliminate the democratic system by promoting, justifying or exculpating attacks on the life or integrity of people, legitimizing violence as a method to achieve political objectives or politically supporting the action of terrorist organizations to achieve their purposes of subverting the constitutional order"—the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court barred several parties from contesting elections because of their reported ties to ETA and the outlawed Batasuna party; namely, the Communist Party of the Basque Homelands (PCTV/EHAK), Basque Nationalist Action (ANV), several groupings created specifically to contest the 2007 local elections (such as Abertzale Sozialisten Batasuna and Abertzale Sozialistak) or the 2009 regional election (Demokrazia Hiru Milioi and Askatasuna). Parliamentary composition The Basque Parliament was officially dissolved on 6 January 2009, after the publication of the dissolution decree in the Official Gazette of the Basque Country. The table below shows the composition of the parliamentary groups in the chamber at the time of dissolution. Parties and candidates The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election: Opinion polls The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 38 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Basque Parliament. Results Overall Distribution by constituency Aftermath Invalid votes After Demokrazia Hiru Milioi (D3M) and Askatasuna ("Freedom") were outlawed in February 2009, Basque separatists were asked to cast their vote for D3M, whose ballots would be counted as invalid. According to some sources, the pro-independence Basque left (that were formerly represented by Batasuna and later by EHAK) was surprised by the lower support of their void option. If the void votes are to be counted as the support of this option, it would have obtained the worst results in their history, having received 100,924 void votes, 50,000 less than in the previous regional election and less than half their historical top in the 1998 election. Major electoral analysis has been performed on the results and the issue of the void votes by pro-Basque nationalist and non-Basque nationalist parties alike. It is a frequent misunderstanding that, had the votes for the illegal lists been counted as valid, they would have been entitled to seven seats. Actually, taking into account that the average of "normal" void votes (struck-out names, double-voting, etc.) in the last three Basque regional elections (1998, 2001 and 2005) was about 0.4%, and assuming that all the void votes that could not be accounted for by that statistic alone were cast for a hypothetical unitary abertzale list (instead of for two different lists, Askatasuna and D3M), those ~97,000 votes would have accounted for at most 6 seats. Government formation The election results saw the Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) of Lehendakari Juan José Ibarretxe securing a clear victory with 38.1% of the vote and 30 seats, but it came at the expense of Ibarretxe's erstwhile allies, Eusko Alkartasuna (EA) and Ezker Batua (EB). Together with Aralar, which had seen a remarkable rise of support in absence of electoral competition from other abertzale left parties—a result of their illegalization because of their ties with ETA and Batasuna—the parties in support of Ibarretxe could only muster 36 out of the 75 seats in the Basque Parliament, against 39 of the combined totals for the Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE), the People's Party (PP) and Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD), meaning that for the first time since 1979 the possibility existed for a non-PNV lehendakari to be appointed. Upon learning of the results, PP regional leader Antonio Basagoiti proclaimed his satisfaction and announced his support for Socialist Patxi López as new lehendakari, who had previously announced that he felt "legitimated to lead the change" and would be running for investiture. As the PNV–EA–EB alliance—in government since 2001—was no longer workable, the PNV attempted to figure out a coalition agreement with the PSE to remain in power, mirroring the historical collaboration that the two parties had maintained from 1986 to 1998, and hinting at withdrawing PNV's support to Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero's government in the Cortes Generales if the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) did not back their plan. The PSE rejected supporting a new PNV administration even if Ibarretxe was replaced with a different candidate, conditioning any agreement on Patxi López becoming lehendakari, which the PNV refused. Instead, the PSE proposed the formation of a minority cabinet led by López that could be supported by the PP, ruling out a full-fledged coalition. Concurrently, the PSOE's national leadership supported López's bid and defended the PSE's autonomy to agree on any pact that their local branch deemed fit, despite the PNV's threat of withdrawing their support nationally. Seeking to provide the new government of parliamentary stability, the PSE and the PP—which had been and still were arch-rivals at the national level—reached an unprecedented confidence and supply agreement on 30 March that would see the Basque nationalists ousted from power after 30 years of uninterrupted government. The PNV, which had dubbed any such agreement as "legitimate" but as a "fraud to the electorate" and an "act of political aggression", announced a "harsh" opposition to López's government and vowed to put forth Ibarretxe as their candidate in the investiture session, citing their "right" to head the government as the top-voted party. As part of their agreement, the PSE would support PP's Arantza Quiroga as new president of the Basque Parliament and treat the PP as their "preferred" parliamentary partner, whereas the PP would refrain from moving or supporting any vote of no confidence on the new cabinet. López was elected as new lehendakari on a 39–35 vote in the investiture session held on 5 May 2009, garnering the additional support of the sole legislator from Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD), and was sworn in two days later. Simultaneously, his political defeat led Ibarretxe to announce his farewell from politics altogether, a move which would allow his party to reorganize itself from opposition hands-free and, eventually, lead to the abandonment of Ibarretxe's sovereigntist plans and discourse. Notes References Opinion poll sources Other 2009 in the Basque Country (autonomous community) Basque Country Regional elections in the Basque Country (autonomous community) March 2009 events in Europe

23571212

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campaign%20for%20Social%20Justice

Campaign for Social Justice

The Campaign for Social Justice (CSJ) was an organisation based in Northern Ireland which campaigned for civil rights in that region. The CSJ was inaugurated on 17 January 1964 in Dungannon, County Tyrone, by Patricia McCluskey, who became its first chairwoman, and her husband, local general practitioner Dr Conn McCluskey. The couple had in 1963 established a Homeless Citizens' League to campaign against discrimination in the allocation of public housing. The CSJ was established, according to the founding statement, for "the purpose of bringing the light of publicity to bear on the discrimination which exists in our community against the Catholic section of that community representing more than one-third of the total population". References The Troubles (Northern Ireland) Civil rights organisations in the United Kingdom Political advocacy groups in Northern Ireland Organizations established in 1964 1964 establishments in the United Kingdom

23571216

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forty%20Martyrs%20Cathedral

Forty Martyrs Cathedral

The Forty Martyrs Armenian Cathedral () of Aleppo, Syria, is a 15th-century Armenian Apostolic church located in the old Christian quarter of Jdeydeh. It is significant among the Armenian churches for being one of the oldest active churches in the Armenian diaspora and the city of Aleppo. It is a three-nave basilica church with no dome. Its bell tower of 1912, is considered to be one of the unique samples of the baroque architecture in Aleppo. Armenians in Aleppo The first significant Armenian presence in the city of Aleppo dates to the 1st century BC, when Armenia under Tigranes the Great subjugated Syria, and chose Antioch as one of the four capitals of the short lived Armenian Empire. After 301 AD, when Christianity became the official state religion of Armenia and its population, Aleppo became an important center for Armenian pilgrims on their way to Jerusalem. Yet, the Armenians did not form into an organized community in Aleppo until the Armenian presence grew noticeably during the 11th century at the times of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, when a considerable number of Armenian families and merchants settled in the city creating their own businesses and residences. With the foundation of Armenian schools, churches and later on the prelacy, Armenians presented themselves as a well-organized community during the 14th century. The Armenian population of Aleppo continued to grow as Aleppo was swallowed into the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire had a large indigenous Armenian population in its Eastern Anatolia region, from where some Armenians moved to Aleppo in search of economic opportunity. The Armenian presence in Aleppo grew exponentially after 1915, when it became an immediate haven for refugees of survivors of the Armenian genocide. Tens of thousands of Armenian refugees, likely well over 100,000, settled in Aleppo during this period. By some estimates, Armenians accounted for a quarter of Aleppo's population by the middle of the twentieth century, by which time they had become a respected, upwardly mobile community. Later, as a result of political upheaval in Syria, Armenians began to emigrate to Lebanon and later to Europe, the Americas and Australia, especially in the 1970s and 1980s. Nonetheless, Aleppo remained a center of the worldwide Armenian diaspora, ranging between 50,000 and 70,000 Armenians residents. Tens of thousands of Armenians left during the civil war, and it remains to be seen what will remain of the community when stability returns. History The Armenian church of the Forty Martyrs in Aleppo was mentioned 1476, in the second edition of the book The Exploit of the Holy Bible, written by Father Melikseth in Aleppo. However, the current building of the church was built and completed in 1491 to replace a small chapel in the old Christian cemetery of the Jdeydeh quarter. The church was named in honour of a group of Roman soldiers who faced martyrdom near the city of Sebastia in Lesser Armenia, and were all venerated in Christianity as the Forty Martyrs of Sebaste. At the beginning, the church was of a small size with a capacity of only 100 seats. In 1499-1500, the church went under large-scale renovations. Within 2 years, it was enlarged and a new prelacy building of the Armenian Diocese of Beroea was built in the church yard, funded through the donation of an Armenian elite named Reyis Baron Yesayi. During the following years, Forty Martyrs Cathedral frequently became a temporary seat of many Armenian catholicoi of the Holy See of Cilicia. Until 1579, the cathedral was surrounded with the tombstones of the Armenian cemetery, when the cemetery was moved and only clergymen and the elites of the community were allowed to be buried in the church yard. The Forty Martyrs Cathedral was renovated again in 1616 by the donation of the community leader emir Khoja Bedig Chelebi and the supervision of his brother Khoja Sanos Chelebi. By the end of the same year, the church was reopened with the presence of Catholicos Hovhannes IV of Aintab (Hovhannes 4th Aintabtsi) and Bishop Kachatur Karkaretsi. In 1624, as a result of the growing number of Armenian residents and pilgrims, the Armenian prelacy started to build a quarter near the church, which is still known with its original name "Hokedoun" (Spiritual House). It was designated to serve as a rest-house with 23 large rooms for the Armenian pilgrims on their way to Jerusalem. The Hokedoun was built by the donation of Khoja Gharibjan. The Italian explorer Pietro Della Valle who visited Aleppo in 1625, has described the church as one of the four churches that were built adjacent to each other in one yard with one gate, in the newly created Jdeydeh Christian quarter. The other three churches are the Greek Orthodox Church of the Dormition of Our Lady, the Holy Mother of God Armenian Church (the current Zarehian Treasury) and the old Maronite Church of Saint Elias. Currently, the cathedral has 3 altars, an upper story built in 1874 and a baptismal font placed in 1888. The church never had a belfry until 1912, when a bell tower was erected by the donation of the Syrian-Armenian philanthropist Rizkallah Tahhan from Brazil. During the 2nd half of the 20th century, the interior of the church underwent massive renovations to meet with the requirements of traditional Armenian churches. On 28 May 1991, by the donation of Keledjian brothers from Aleppo, a khachkar-memorial was placed in the churchyard commemorating the victims of the Armenian genocide. On 26 April 2000, the Armenian community of Aleppo marked the 500th anniversary of the first enlargement of the church under the patronage of Catholicos Aram I, during the period of Archbishop Souren Kataroyan. Icons The church is rich for both ancient and modern-day icons, with more than 30 samples: The Mother of God (canvas, 96x118, 1663 by Der-Megerdich) Virgin Mary with Jesus (canvas, 115x145cm, 1669 by an unknown Armenian painter) The Baptism of Jesus (canvas, 66x90cm, from the 17th century) The Worship of the Magi (canvas, 112x134cm, from the 17th century by an unknown Armenian painter) Saint John The Baptist (wood paint, 39x76cm, 1720 by Kevork Anania) Saint Joseph (wood paint, 39x76cm, 1720 by Kevork Anania) Virgin Mary with Jesus (wood paint, 46x126cm, 1729 by Kevork Anania) The Baptism of Jesus Christ (wood paint, 86x105cm, 1756 by Kevork Anania) Virgin Mary surrounded by The Apostles (canvas, 70X80cm, from the late 18th century by an unknown Armenian painter) The Last Judgement, one of the most famous icons of the Aleppine school (canvas, 400x600cm, 1703 by Nehmatallah Hovsep) With the initiative of Archbishop Souren Kataroyan, the majority of the icons were renovated between 1993 and 1996 by the Armenian expert Andranik Antonyan. Church of the Holy Mother of God The old church of the Holy Mother of God was built prior to 1429, at a time when the Armenian community was formed as a significant community in Aleppo with its own clergymen, scholars and the prelacy. This small church has witnessed several renovations, in 1535, 1784, 1849 and 1955 respectively. The church remained active until the beginnings of the 20th century, when it was turned into a library. In 1991, the building was turned into museum and renamed Zarehian Treasury of the Armenian Apostolic Church of Aleppo, in memory of Catholicos Zareh I of the Great House of Cilicia, who had served as archbishop of the diocese of Aleppo before being elected as catholicos. Current status The Forty Martyrs Cathedral is the seat of the Armenian Diocese of Beroea and one of the oldest active churches in the city. It is also one of the oldest functioning churches in the Armenian diaspora. The old building of the prelacy within the churchyard is under renovation to serve as an administrative office. The church complex is also home to the Zarehian Treasury, Haygazian Armenian School, Avetis Aharonian theatre hall and Nikol Aghbalian branch of Hamazkayin Educational and Cultural Society. The current building of the prelacy stands in front of the cathedral. On April 28, 2015, parts of the Forty Martyrs church compound were destroyed in a suspected bombing or artillery attack; the church itself and the bell tower survived the attack. After the last anti-regime rebels left the city in December 2016, renovation works were announced in July 2017. The reconstruction lasted two years, until March 31, 2019, when reconstruction was achieved. The church was reconsecrated by Catholicos Aram I. Gallery See also List of churches in Aleppo Armenian Apostolic Church Echmiadzin List of Armenian Catholicoi of Cilicia Church of the Holy Mother of God (Aleppo) Holy See of Cilicia Armenian Diocese of Beroea References External links Official site of the Armenian Catholicosate of Cilicia Armenian Prelacy of Beroea (Aleppo, Syria) Armenian Apostolic churches in Syria Christian organizations established in the 15th century Churches destroyed by Muslims Cathedrals in Aleppo Jdeydeh quarter Armenian Apostolic cathedrals Churches completed in 1491

23571225

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Williamson

George Williamson

George Williamson may refer to: George Williamson (footballer, born 1925) (1925–1994), English footballer George Williamson (Australian footballer) (1866–1929), Australian rules footballer George Hunt Williamson (1926–1986), UFO contactee George Henry Williamson (1845–1918), British Member of Parliament for Worcester, 1906 George H. Williamson (1872–1936), American architect George M. Williamson (architect) (1892–1979), American architect George Williamson (diplomat) (1829–1882), US ambassador George A. Williamson (born 1938), American politician in the state of Florida George Williamson (academic) (1898–1968), professor of English G. C. Williamson (George Charles Williamson, 1858–1942), British art historian, antiquarian, and author See also George M. Williamson (disambiguation)

23571246

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoravar%20Church

Zoravar Church

Zoravar Church can refer to: Zoravor Surp Astvatsatsin Church, late 17th-century three-nave basilica type church located in Yerevan, Armenia Gharghavank, late 7th-century central-plan aisled tetra-conch (circular) church located just outside Zoravan in the Kotayk Province of Armenia

23571264

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haydar%20Zorlu

Haydar Zorlu

Haydar Zorlu (born 4 May 1967 in Karlıova) is a Kurdish-German actor. Filmography Films 1988 Eine türkische Hochzeit 1996 Der Trainer 2001 Nothing Less Than the Best 2003 September 2003 Worst Case 2008 Halbzeit 2008 Belanglos TV 1991-92 Türkei - Land, Leute und Sprache 1993 Sterne des Südens 1993 Tatort 1994 Die Sendung mit der Maus 1997 Ein todsicheres Ding 1998 Tatort 1998 Reise in die Nacht 1998-2008 Die Anrheiner 1999 Ein starkes Team 2003 Die Kumpel 2002 Westentaschenvenus 2003 2003 SOKO 5113 2004 Forsthaus Falkenau 2004-2005 Verschollen 2005 Küstenwache 2006 Esir Kalpler 2006 Ein Fall für zwei 2006 Verschleppt - Kein Weg zurück, Regie: Hansjörg Thurn 2006-2008 Oben Ohne 2009 Oben Ohne - Weihnachts Special "DU HEILIGE NACHT" Theatre 1989 Moritz Jäger in "Die Weber" - Stadttheater Oberhausen 1989 -1991 Ensemblemitglied des Arkadas Theater`s Köln 1995 Agathe, Schlucki, Dieter, Leichi, Kontrolleur u.a. in "Linie 1" - Theater in der Christallerie Wadgassen 1996 Haroon in "Borderline" - Wupper Theater 1996 Naim in "Vermummte" - Wupper Theater / Freies Werkstatt-Theater Köln 2005 Entertainer, Thorndyke, Bürgermeister u.a. in "Die Marx Brothers Radio Show" - Arkadas Theater Köln 2009 Faust, Mephisto, Gretchen u.a. in "Goethes Faust" als Schauspielsolo - Bühne der Kulturen Köln References External links Official Website 1967 births Living people People from Karlıova German people of Turkish descent German male film actors German male stage actors German male television actors Turkish male film actors Turkish male stage actors Turkish male television actors

20464229

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go%20In%20and%20Out%20the%20Window

Go In and Out the Window

"Go In and Out the Window" is a popular song composed by Hall of Fame songwriter Lew Pollack (1895–1946). The song remains popular as a children's music standard. The lyrics of the song were featured in Shirley Jackson's horror novel "The Haunting of Hill House." Melody c. 1762; lyrics "Bear Went" c. 1939 (Linscott); Earliest Date for US version of Go in and Out the Window: 1911; certainly dates back to 19th century. English versions published 1898. External links http://www.bluegrassmessengers.com/go-in-and-out-the-window--version-3-english-1898.aspx Children's songs Songs written by Lew Pollack

17326784

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chase%20Hoyt

Chase Hoyt

Chase Henry Hoyt (born August 29, 1980) is an American film, television, and stage actor. Biography Hoyt was born in Tucson, Arizona to Karen Carol McGurren and Robert Quentin Hoyt. Hoyt attended boarding school at Lawrence Academy in Groton, Massachusetts. In his senior year, because it was mandatory to graduate, Hoyt took his first theater class. After graduating, he returned home, where he attended the University of Arizona, majoring in business. In 2001, Hoyt left college to study theater at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London, England. He was mentored by Greg de Polnay, and appeared in two Shakespearean plays, King John, and All's Well that Ends Well. After his training, He moved to Los Angeles and studied under coach Stephen Book. Hoyt first worked as an extra on the TV shows American Dreams, and Eve (U.S. TV series). He also co-starred on the TV shows, Star Trek: Enterprise, and Numb3rs. While auditioning for a Hallmark movie, he was asked to read for another part, and found himself playing the son of James Gammon in the Hallmark made for TV movie, What I did For Love. Hoyt was in the independent film, Alien 51, opposite Heidi Fleiss. Hoyt has also appeared in numerous short and feature films, including "Out of the Shadows," "Afterlife," and "The Yellow Butterfly," which has won domestic and international awards. Aside from theatrical work, In 2005, Hoyt appeared on the popular show, Fear Factor, where he and his teammate won the competition after eating over one hundred live African stink beetles and leeches, and crashing two Camaros on a Los Angeles race track. Filmography Thule (2010) - Lt. Grady, Co-producer What I Did for Love (2006) - Zeb Ryder Fear Factor (2005) - Contestant/Himself Dr. Chopper (2005) - Reese Numb3rs (2005) - Paparazzi #1 Star Trek: Enterprise (2005) - Starfleet Lieutenant Legion of the Dead (2005) - Justin The Aviator (2004) - Usher Alien 51 (2004) - Doctor Psychobilly Eve (U.S. TV series) (2003) - Lounge Drunk American Dreams (2003) - Lacrosse Captain American Tragedy (2000) - Attorney The Translator (2000) - Dock Boy References Fear Factor Review/interview External links Arizona Daily Star Article What I Did for Love review A Midsummer Night's Dream Award Chase Hoyt Official Website 1980 births American male actors Living people University of Arizona alumni

17326786

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarke%20Street%20Meeting%20House

Clarke Street Meeting House

The Clarke Street Meeting House (also known as the Second Congregational Church Newport County or Central Baptist Church) is an historic former meeting house and Reformed Christian church building at 13-17 Clarke Street in Newport, Rhode Island. Built in 1735, the structure is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. History The meeting house was built in 1735 and served as a worship place for the Second Congregational Church, originally a Calvinist congregation. From 1755 to 1786, Ezra Stiles, a well-known minister who later became president of Yale University, pastored the church and lived in the Ezra Stiles House across the street. During the American Revolutionary War, British forces occupied the meeting house and minister's house for use as a barracks and hospital from 1776 to 1779. After the war, a committee of Second Church members, including William Ellery, Henry Marchant, Robert Stevens and William Channing wrote to John Adams in Europe requesting that he contact Reformed congregations there for assistance in repairing the church due to the British army's damage to the building. Adams responded that he would be unable to help because of differences in European attitudes toward soliciting for funds. Regardless of the difficulties, the building was extensively repaired in 1785. The congregation later left the building and merged with Newport's First Congregational Church to become United Congregational Church to which the building was sold in 1835. In 1847 the Central Baptist Society, which broke off from the Second Baptist Church in Newport, purchased and extensively modified the building. The Central Baptist Church later reunited with the Second Baptist Church and then in the 1940s reunited with the First Baptist Church in Newport to form the United Baptist Church. The church's original steeple blew down in the 1938 hurricane. In 1950 St. Joseph's Church of Newport purchased the meeting house and further renovated the structure. The Clarke Street Meeting House was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1971. Around the 1980s the structure was converted into condominiums. Notable congregants William Vernon, merchant Henry Marchant, U.S. District Judge William Ellery, signer of Declaration of Independence Gallery See also United Congregational Church (disambiguation) National Register of Historic Places listings in Newport County, Rhode Island References Churches completed in 1735 Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island United Church of Christ churches in Rhode Island Churches in Newport, Rhode Island National Register of Historic Places in Newport, Rhode Island 18th-century churches in the United States Historic district contributing properties in Rhode Island

17326791

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alrafidain%20University%20College

Alrafidain University College

Al-Rafidain University College is a private academic institution in higher education of public interest established on November 23, 1988. It was founded by The Iraqi Society for Statistical Sciences. The actual work study started in 1988/1989 and is considered one of the oldest private academic colleges in Iraq. The college awards bachelor's degrees in various scientific disciplines and is subject to the laws, regulations, instructions and regulations of the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research through direct scientific and educational supervision on its various activities. Granted by the college recognized by that ministry. Al-Rafidain University currently includes thirteen medical, engineering and scientific departments. The duration of the study in each stage is four years. The student is awarded a bachelor's degree in engineering and science in his specialization, except for the Department of Dentistry and Pharmacy. The academic system in the college is an annual system consisting of two semesters except for the pharmacy department, which apply the semester system. The certificates granted to the student are approved by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research and other relevant ministries for the purposes of recruitment and studies. The university has a number of different faculties, including 12 medical labs, 25 engineering and scientific laboratories, as well as 60 classrooms and 40 halls in another building. The college also has artistic, cultural and poetry activities as well as annual scientific conferences and seminars as well as sports activities. College Buildings College now has three buildings, the main building located in Palestine Avenue / Baghdad distract, which contains the Deanship of the College and some engineering and scientific departments such as communications engineering and computer technology engineering, the second building located in AL- Banook Avenue / Baghdad district which contains other engineering and scientific departments such as cooling and air conditioning engineering, and the building of the dental hospital in the Cairo Avenue / Baghdad . Faculties The College includes study in: Computer and Communications Computer Engineering Civil Engineering Telecommunications Engineering Law Pathology Business Management Computer Science Administration Accounting Refrigeration and Air Conditioning. Pharmacy Dentistry . College Council The College Council (the highest scientific and administrative authority in the College) is formed according to the Iraqi Universities and Colleges Law. It consist of the dean of the college, the members of the heads of scientific departments, the dean's assistant and a representative of the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research who meets the requirements of the college member and one of the specialized experts chosen by the Council The College is for a period of two years and is renewable once and one representative from the institution of the university who meets the requirements of the faculty. The College Council may summon, when necessary, to attend its sessions, the opinion of which is to use its competency and expertise and has no right to vote. The College Council shall undertake the implementation of the College's scientific and educational policy and shall approve the curriculum and vocabulary of the academic subjects and the granting of certificates and degrees according to the laws and regulations in force. It will organize the scientific research and provide its requirements and the use of lecturers from inside and outside the country See also List of universities in Iraq References External links Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research list of private universities Al Rafidain University College Rafidain Education in Baghdad Educational institutions established in 1988 1988 establishments in Iraq

23571268

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion%20Act%201592

Religion Act 1592

The Religion Act 1592 (35 Eliz. I, c. 1) was an Act of the Parliament of England. The Act imprisoned without bail those over the age of sixteen who failed to attend Church; persuaded others to do the same; denied Queen Elizabeth I's authority in religious matters; and who attended unlawful religious meetings. The Act was cognisable in the Court of High Commission. If, after offending, they did not conform in the next three months, they would be exiled from England forever. The Act fined those who harboured recusants £10 for every month hidden. The Act stated that it would continue no longer than the end of the next session of Parliament. However, the Act was still in effect in 1661, when John Bunyan was tried and convicted for disobedience to it. Towards the end of 1680, during the Exclusion Crisis, Parliament passed a Bill for repealing the Act. However, on the day of the proroguing of Parliament (10 January 1681), when the Bill ought to have been presented to Charles II to sign, he instructed the Clerk of the Crown to withdraw the Bill. As late as 1683 the act was being used against a Quaker meeting in 'Gratious' Street (Gracechurch Street), London. Notes Acts of the Parliament of England concerning religion 1592 in law 1592 in England 1592 in Christianity

23571292

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shek%20Yam%20Estate

Shek Yam Estate

Shek Yam Estate () is a public housing estate in North Kwai Chung, New Territories, Hong Kong. It was the first Government Low Cost Housing Scheme estate in Kwai Chung. It had 8 blocks built in 1968, which were all demolished in the 1990s and 2000s. Ning Fung Court () is a Home Ownership Scheme court in North Kwai Chung, near Shek Yam Estate and Shek Yam East Estate. It has 4 blocks built in 2001. Background The estate was redeveloped into 4 phases. Phase 2 consists of three rental residential blocks, a car park podium and a shopping centre which were completed in 2000. Phase 3 consists of four HOS concord-typed blocks, Ning Fung Court. Phase 1 and Phase 4 were handed over to Leisure and Cultural Services Department to construct a park, Sham Yam Lei Muk Road Park. Phase 5 was the old site of Shek Yam Community Hall and a HOS building, but it was renamed Lai Shek House and changed to rental use. Houses Shek Yam Estate Ning Fung Court Demographics According to the 2016 by-census, Shek Yam Estate had a population of 8,657 while Ning Fung Court had a population of 3,816. Altogether the population amounts to 12,473. Politics Shek Yam Estate and Ning Fung Court are located in Shek Yam constituency of the Kwai Tsing District Council. It was formerly represented by Andrew Wan Siu-kin, who was elected in the 2019 elections until May 2021. Education Shek Yam is in Primary One Admission (POA) School Net 64, which includes multiple aided schools (schools operated independently of the government but funded with government money); none of the schools in the net are government schools. See also Public housing estates in Kwai Chung References Kwai Chung Public housing estates in Hong Kong Residential buildings completed in 1968 Residential buildings completed in 2000 Residential buildings completed in 2006

23571302

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketu%20railway%20station

Ketu railway station

Ketu railway station is a railway station on the Qingzang railway. It serves Ketu and is located 122 km from Xining railway station. See also List of stations on Qingzang railway Railway stations in Qinghai Stations on the Qinghai–Tibet Railway

17326815

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River%20to%20River%20Festival

River to River Festival

The River To River Festival is an annual arts festival held in summer in Lower Manhattan in New York City. The festival presents live art and installations in public spaces and in partnership with institutions in Lower Manhattan. It is presented by the Lower Manhattan Cultural Council. The festival includes dance, visual and performance art, poetry, film, music, theatre, and other events that are free and open to the public. History The River To River stival was founded in 2002 by American Express, The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, the Alliance for Downtown New York, Arts Brookfield, Battery Park City Authority, Lower Manhattan Cultural Council, and South Street Seaport. It was created as an effort to revitalize the Lower Manhattan community after the September 11 attacks by promoting cultural activity and making Lower Manhattan an important experience of New York City's history, art, and commerce. The Lower Manhattan Cultural Council became the lead organizer and producer of the festival in 2011. References Arts festivals in the United States Festivals established in 2002 Festivals in New York City 2002 establishments in New York City

23571309

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Keayne

Robert Keayne

Robert Keayne (1595 – March 23, 1656) was a prominent public figure in 17th-century Boston, Massachusetts. He co-founded the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Massachusetts and served as speaker of the House of the Massachusetts General Court. Keayne was a prosperous London merchant who joined his fellow Puritans in Boston where he built a fortune. He was accused of unfair business practices, and brought before the legislature, the Massachusetts General Court. It found Keayne guilty, fined him, and compelled him to confess his "sins." He proclaimed his innocence, and justified his actions in elaborate detail in his will. It bequeathed £2500 to Boston, to upgrade the infrastructure with an aqueduct, relieve the city's poor, and fund the First Town-House, a grand public meeting place. He attached a condition to the effect that the bequest would become void if there were any legal actions against his estate; there were none. Biography Keayne was born in Windsor, England in 1595. His father, John Keayne, worked as a butcher. While living in London, Keayne held membership in the Honourable Artillery Company and the Merchant Taylor's Company. He also kept notes in his private journal of sermons preached 1627-1628 by John Cotton, John Wilson, Hugh Peters, and John Davenport. In 1617 Keayne married Anne Mansfield; they had a son, Benjamin Keayne, in 1619. Keayne and his family arrived in Boston from London in 1635 on the ship Defence. In Boston, he worked as a tailor, and kept a shop on State Street, "living in apartments overhead, as was the custom in those times." He belonged to the First Church congregation, and kept notes in his private journal of sermons preached by John Wilson, Thomas Cobbet, and John Cotton, who had moved to Boston in 1633. In 1637, he was found guilty and fined 200 pounds by a Puritan court for overcharging customers. By today's capitalistic standards he would have been judged shrewd and successful. At the time, he penitently bewailed "his covetous and corrupt heart," but justified himself at length in his will. In 1638, he helped to establish the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Massachusetts, serving as first captain. He served as town Selectman for several years; and as a representative to the Massachusetts General Court, being appointed House Speaker in 1646. Keayne left a 37-page will, covering a range of topics, which notably left several hundred pounds to establish the First Town-House, a building to "be used by the town and county government and be shared by the military company, with convenience for a market and conduit near by." Remarking on the need for a covered market, he wrote: I having long thought and considered the want of some necessary things of public concernment which may not be only comodious, but very profitable and useful for the Town of Boston, as a market place ... useful for the country people that come with their provisions for the supply of the towne, that they may have a place to sett dry in and warme, both in cold raine and durty weather, and may have a place to leave their corne or any other things safe that they cannot sell, till they come again, which would be both an encouragement to come in and a great means to increase trading in the Towne also. Keayne died in 1656 and is buried in the King's Chapel Burying Ground where a plaque has been affixed to his brick burial vault. Another memorial plaque, placed in 1925, honors Keayne in downtown Boston, on the corner of State and Washington Streets. Each year on the first Monday in June the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company leads a procession to the gravesite, laying a wreath in Keayne's memory. References Further reading Bailyn, Bernard. "The Apologia of Robert Keayne." William and Mary Quarterly (1950): 568-587. in JSTOR Dalzell, Jr. Robert F. The Good Rich and What They Cost Us (Yale University Press, 2013) External links People from colonial Boston Speakers of the Massachusetts House of Representatives American philanthropists 1595 births 1656 deaths 17th century in Boston Burials in Boston People from Windsor, Berkshire Kingdom of England emigrants to Massachusetts Bay Colony 17th-century philanthropists Honourable Artillery Company officers

23571311

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qinghai%20Lake%20railway%20station

Qinghai Lake railway station

Qinghai Lake railway station is a railway station on the Qingzang railway. It serves Qinghai Lake and is located 133 km from Xining railway station. See also List of stations on Qingzang railway Railway stations in Qinghai Stations on the Qinghai–Tibet Railway

17326841

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmerston-Little%20Italy

Palmerston-Little Italy

Palmerston-Little Italy is a neighbourhood in central Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Its boundaries, according to the City of Toronto, are by Bathurst Street to the east, Bloor Street to the north, Dovercourt Road to the west and College Street to the south. It is a mature downtown neighbourhood. Within this official neighbourhood of the City of Toronto are two neighbourhoods, Palmerston and Little Italy and the commercial enclave of Mirvish Village. History In the 1950s and 1960s, the Ontario provincial and Metropolitan Toronto governments proposed running a six-lane north–south expressway to the east of Grace Street. This was an extension of Highway 400 and would have gone from a proposed Crosstown Expressway in the vicinity of Davenport and Dupont, south to the Gardiner Expressway. In the 1960s, opposition to the Spadina, Crosstown and Christie expressway projects led the then City of Toronto to oppose the Christie and Crosstown projects. After the cancellation of the Spadina Expressway by the province, the Crosstown and Christie expressway projects were abandoned as well. Son to Italian immigrants, Johnny Lombardi founded one of the first multilingual radio stations in Canada, CHIN in 1966, in Palmerston–Little Italy. The neighbourhood is primarily residential, consisting mainly of residential side streets full of semi-detached homes, mostly built in the early 20th century. The major streets are Bloor Street to the north, running east–west, a four-lane arterial road commercial in nature. Bloor Street has many commercial storefronts and businesses. To the east is Bathurst Street, running north–south, another four-lane arterial road with mostly residences along both sides. Running east-west is Harbord Street, a four-lane arterial road with a mix of residences and commercial storefronts and restaurants. Also running east–west is College Street a four-lane arterial road with a vibrant commercial strip named Little Italy, one of the original ethnically Italian districts of Toronto. To the west, north–south streets include Ossington Avenue, a four-lane arterial road, mainly residential and Dovercourt Road, a four-lane road, entirely residential. Demographics Total population (2016): 13,826 Major ethnic populations (2016): 78.2% White; 22.5% English, 19.8% Irish, 18.3% Scottish, 17.5% Canadians, 11.7% Italian, 10.3% German, 10.0% Portuguese 2.4% Black 2.8% South Asian 1.7% Latin American (of any race) Total population (2011): 13,746 Major ethnic populations (2011): 77% White; 20.1% English, 17.0% Irish, 15.4% Scottish, 13.5% Canadians, 13.0% Portuguese 2.9% Black 2.6% South Asian 1.9% Latin American (of any race) Total population (2001): 14,740 Major ethnic populations (2001): 77.1% White; 17.6% Portuguese, 16.3% English, 16.2% Canadians, 14.5% Italian, 12.3% Irish, 11.6% Scottish, 10.3% German 2.8% Black 2.8% South Asian 1.7% Latin American (of any race) Landmarks Notable landmarks in the neighbourhood include: Honest Ed's (closed 2016) Bathurst Street Theatre Harbord Street Bridge Mirvish Village Mirvish Village is a commercial enclave on Markham Street, which is one block west of Bathurst Street, and encompasses the two sides of the street and back alleys for one block south of Bloor Street. The entire city block on each side is about to undergo a major transformation. The area that makes up Mirvish Village is made up of a series of former Victorian homes on Markham Street which housed independently owned shops, art studios, cafes, bookstores, boutiques and galleries. Between 1959 and 1963, the late Ed Mirvish of Honest Ed's bought up the east side of the block, immediately south of his store, with the intention of tearing down the houses and building a customer parking lot. Toronto's municipal government refused to issue a building permit; therefore, Mirvish converted the buildings into art studios and galleries with the help of his wife, Anne, a sculptor. Later, he purchased the houses on the other side of the street. His son owned the David Mirvish Gallery, which opened in 1963 as one of Mirvish Village's first shops and which continued for 15 years; along with David Mirvish Books which continued for several more years. A new chapter began with the Honest Ed's / Mirvish Village Proposed Redevelopment project, designed by Vancouver Architect Gregory Henriquez is scheduled to complete construction in 2023. 23 buildings are considered heritage and will be preserved and renovated inside. The retail storefronts will remain small and varied. The heritage buildings on the east side will have both affordable and market rental apartment buildings behind them. A pedestrian marketplace and “Honest Ed’s Alley” are proposed on the east side and a park and daycare will be included on the west side. Honest Ed's was demolished in 2016. Education Secular English-oriented public schools in Palmerston–Little Italy are operated by the Toronto District School Board. In addition to the Toronto District School Board, three other publicly funded school boards operate in Toronto. The publicly funded English-oriented separate schools in Toronto are operated by the Toronto Catholic District School Board. Secular French-oriented public schools are provided by Conseil scolaire Viamonde, whereas French-oriented public separate school are provided by Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir. However, the latter school board does not operate a school in the neighbourhood. Public schools in the area include: Central Commerce Collegiate is located on Shaw Street, built in 1916. Harbord Collegiate Institute is located on Harbord Street, built in 1892. King Edward Public School is a public Junior and Intermediate school on Lippincott Street. King Edward offers Extended French and French Immersion programs that is only available by applying. In order to be eligible for the Gifted Program, students are required to pass an entrance test after grade 3. King Edward offers a wide variety of extra curricular programs, including Band, Basketball Team, Chess Club, Choir, Strings, and Volleyball Team. See also Palmerston Boulevard Italians in Toronto References External links Palmerston-Little Italy neighbourhood profile Neighbourhoods in Toronto

23571315

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Intimate%20Adventures%20of%20a%20London%20Call%20Girl

The Intimate Adventures of a London Call Girl

The Intimate Adventures of a London Call Girl are memoirs of a former London call girl written by Dr. Brooke Magnanti, under the pseudonym Belle de Jour. From the summer of 2003 to the autumn of 2004 Belle charted her day-to-day adventures on and off the field in a web diary. The blogs were then published into the book, in which Belle elaborates on the diary entries and tells of how she became a Call Girl. Synopsis The Intimate Adventures of a London Call Girl begins with Belle de Jour introducing herself as a "whore", then further explaining that she does not mean it metaphorically, and that she literally is a "whore". After the prologue the book begins in a diary format, with Belle explaining the clients she meets and her personal complications that become entwined with her job as a call girl. The average diary entries last little longer than a page and are always titled with the date, which is written in French, for example, the first diary entry reads "Samedi, le 1 Novembre", which translates into Saturday, 1 November. Each chapter is broken apart by the month the diary entries were written in, for example "Novembre" (November). People featured in the book Belle: The writer of The Intimate Adventures of a London Call Girl. The book focuses primarily on Belle's life. N: An ex-boyfriend of Belle's and her good friend. The manager: Belle's madam, an intelligent woman, fluent in German and Arabic. The Boy: Belle's boyfriend, who is aware of her job as a call girl. Adaptation An adaption was created for ITV2 in 2007 called Secret Diary of a Call Girl. The show stars Billie Piper as Belle but also shows her private life and her personal struggles; in the adaptation her real name is Hannah Baxter. The show has since been aired in America by Showtime. Differences Some of the characters in Secret Diary of a Call Girl have different personalities from their literary counterparts. N is described as "the hub of all gossip", whereas Ben in Secret Diary of a Call Girl does not seem to share this trait. The manager is described as rather nice, and Belle appears to have a pleasant enough relationship with her, however Stephanie, Belle's madam in Secret Diary, is a cynical woman who often argues with Belle. The Boy appears to have no television equivalent. The closest character to The Boy would be Alex; however the links between the two are somewhat tenuous. The character of Hannah Baxter, who also goes under the pseudonym Belle, remains very close to the original descriptions of Belle de Jour in the books. References External links Orion Publishing English non-fiction books 2005 non-fiction books Non-fiction books about British prostitution Prostitution in the United Kingdom

23571318

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuole%20railway%20station

Tuole railway station

Tuole Railway Station is a railway station on the Qingzang railway in the People's Republic of China. It serves Tulai and is located 147 km from Xining Railway Station. See also List of stations on Qingzang railway Railway stations in Qinghai Stations on the Qinghai–Tibet Railway

20464233

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998%20Newsweek%20Champions%20Cup%20%E2%80%93%20Singles

1998 Newsweek Champions Cup – Singles

Marcelo Ríos defeated Greg Rusedski in the final, 6–3, 6–7(15–17), 7–6(7–4), 6–4 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 1998 Indian Wells Masters. Michael Chang was the two-time reigning champion, but did not participate this year. Seeds The top eight seeds received a bye into the second round. Draw Finals Top half Section 1 Section 2 Bottom half Section 3 Section 4 Qualifying Seeds Qualifiers Lucky loser Nicolás Lapentti Qualifying draw First qualifier Second qualifier Third qualifier Fourth qualifier Fifth qualifier Sixth qualifier Seventh qualifier References Official results archive (ATP) Official results archive (ITF) Newsweek Champions Cup

23571325

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Bloudy%20Tenent%20of%20Persecution%20for%20Cause%20of%20Conscience

The Bloudy Tenent of Persecution for Cause of Conscience

The Bloudy Tenent of Persecution, for Cause of Conscience, Discussed in a Conference between Truth and Peace is a 1644 book about government force written by Roger Williams, the founder of Providence Plantations in New England and the co-founder of the First Baptist Church in America. Tenent is an obsolete variant of tenet, and the book argues for a "wall of separation" between church and state and for state toleration of various Christian denominations, including Catholicism, and also "paganish, Jewish, Turkish or anti-Christian consciences and worships." The book takes the form of a dialogue between Truth and Peace and is a response to correspondence by Boston minister John Cotton regarding Cotton's support for state enforcement of religious uniformity in Massachusetts Bay Colony. Williams argues that Christianity requires the existence of a separate civil authority which may not generally infringe upon liberty of conscience, which Williams interpreted to be a God-given right. Impact The 1644 text is considered one of Williams' best-developed arguments, even though it was written under presumably rushed conditions and is stylistically difficult. Many of the original copies of The Bloudy Tenent were burned by order of a Parliamentary faction offended by his view of government. John Cotton responded to the book by defending his positions in The Bloudy Tenent, Washed, and Made White in the Bloud of the Lamb. Upon his return to London in 1652, Williams published a defense of his positions and responded to Cotton in The Bloudy Tenent Yet More Bloudy by Mr. Cotton's Endeavour to Wash it White in the Blood of the Lamb; of Whose Precious Blood, Spilt in the Bloud of his Servants; and of the Blood of Millions Spilt in Former and Later Wars for Conscience Sake, That Most Bloody Tenent of Persecution for Cause of Conscience, upon, a Second Tryal Is Found More Apparently and More Notoriously Guilty, etc. (London, 1652). The Bloudy Tenent has been cited as a philosophical source for John Locke, the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, and several writings of Thomas Jefferson regarding religious freedom. Biblical support for preventing governmental interference in religious matters In the Bloudy Tenent and other writings, Williams interpreted many passages in the Old and New Testaments as limiting governmental interference in any religious matters, and therefore opposing the traditional Puritan exegesis which supported using state force in some religious matters: Williams believed that historic Israel was a unique covenant kingdom and the kings should be interpreted using typology. Therefore, the covenant kings were not appropriate government models for New Testament Christians, who believed that the Old Testament covenant had been fulfilled through Christ, as the ultimate king. Accordingly, Williams asserted that the more informative Old Testament examples of civil government were good non-covenant kings such as Artaxerxes, a pagan who gave the Hebrews freedom to worship in but did not compel any kind of worship. For examples of bad kings, Williams mentioned Nebuchadnezzar in the Book of Daniel who oppressively forced the Jews (including Daniel, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego) to worship the state god or face death. Williams also used the example of Naboth's unjust execution in as an example of a bad civil government abusing its religious power. Williams interpreted the Parable of the Tares in the to support toleration of all of the "weeds", because civil persecution often inadvertently hurts the "wheat" (believers) too. He specifically defined the "weeds" as heretics who were clearly not Christians, such as Paul before his conversion, and not simply people with minor theological differences, as the Puritans asserted. Ultimately, he argued, it is God's duty to judge, not man's. Williams cited the legitimate role of government in as applying only to enforcement of the second table of the Ten Commandments—that is, the last five commandments involving hurting other people. He further cited Paul's letters in , , and to explain how to use "spiritual weapons" rather than physical ones in dealing with unbelievers. Williams interpreted to support the use of spiritual weapons rather than civil weapons, and pointed out that Christ's letters in these chapters were written to and applied to churches, not to civil governments. Williams interpreted 's Beast of Revelation prophecy as representing all state churches that used governmental force to coerce political goals in the name of Christianity, including those in Europe and Massachusetts. See also Roger Williams A Key into the Language of America Christian debate on persecution and toleration References External links The Bloody Tenent of Persecution (1867 reprint) (accessed July 10, 2009, on Google Books) Text of book Roger Williams, Richard Groves, [https://books.google.com/books?id=YC-Oy0hswEkC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_navlinks_s The bloudy tenent of persecution for cause of conscience: discussed in a conference between truth and peace : who, in all tender affection, present to the High Court of Parliament, (as the result of their discourse) these, (among other passages) of highest consideration] (Mercer University Press, 2001)0865547661, 9780865547667 (accessible on Google Books, July 28, 2009) 1644 books 17th-century Christian texts History books about the United States History of religion in the United States Rhode Island culture Separation of church and state in the United States

23571329

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McIlwraith%2C%20McEacharn%20%26%20Co

McIlwraith, McEacharn & Co

McIlwraith, McEacharn & Co was an Australian shipping company. History McIlwraith, McEacharn & Co (MMC) was founded in 1875 in London by Scottish sea captains, Andrew McIlwraith and Malcolm McEacharn. In 1876 it began operating ships to take British migrants to the Australia under contract to the Government of Queensland. In 1891, it relocated it headquarters to Melbourne. MMC built up a coal bunkering businesses, had a shareholding in Mount Morgan Mine and had associations with Burns Philp and Castlemaine Perkins. In 1958, MMC became a shareholder in bulk carrier operator Bulkships in partnership with the Adelaide Steamship Company. In May 1993, MMC was sold to Cyprus Mining Company. References 1875 establishments in England Companies based in Melbourne Companies formerly listed on the Australian Securities Exchange Defunct shipping companies of Australia Transport companies established in 1875

23571330

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganzihe%20railway%20station

Ganzihe railway station

Ganzihe railway station is a railway station on the Qinghai–Tibet Railway. It serves Ganzihe and is located 162 km from Xining railway station. See also List of stations on Qinghai–Tibet railway Railway stations in Qinghai Stations on the Qinghai–Tibet Railway

23571335

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haergai%20railway%20station

Haergai railway station

Haergai railway station is a railway station on the Qinghai–Tibet Railway. It serves Hairag and is located 177 km from Xining railway station. See also List of stations on Qinghai–Tibet railway Railway stations in Qinghai Stations on the Qinghai–Tibet Railway

20464254

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Andorran%20parliamentary%20election

2009 Andorran parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Andorra on 26 April 2009, the fourth under the 1993 Constitution. The elections were held at the end of the normal four-year term of the General Council (Consell General, Andorra's parliament), but also following months of intense pressure from Co-Prince Nicolas Sarkozy to change the country's banking secrecy laws. The Social Democratic Party led by Jaume Bartumeu was the clear winner, with 45.03% of votes for its national list, followed by the "Reformist Coalition" led by the Liberal Party of Andorra (32.34%) and the new Andorra for Change party (18.86%). The Social Democrats hold fourteen seats in the General Council, against eleven for the Liberals and three for Andorra for Change. The electorate, restricted to Andorran citizens, was 20,298 voters out of a population of about 85,000. There were 114 candidates for 28 seats, more than one candidate for every 200 voters. Turnout was 75.3%. Issues The main issue in the elections is the possible changes required to Andorra's economic model to facilitate its international relations. On 11 March 2009, three weeks before the 2009 G-20 London Summit, the Head of Government Albert Pintat made a unilateral declaration in Paris promising to improve the exchange of information (for tax purposes) about non-residents who hold bank accounts in Andorra. He committed the incoming government to drafting changes to the banking secrecy laws by 1 September 2009, which would then be passed by the General Council before 15 November 2009. He also announced that he would not be leading the Liberal Party of Andorra in the elections so as to devote his time to negotiating tax treaties with other countries, starting with France. Such agreements would also abolish the punitive customs duties which France and Spain impose on Andorran exports (33% and 25% respectively). The Liberal Party and the Social Democratic Party have agreed to cooperate in the drafting of the new legislation. The negotiation of tax treaties is complicated by the present tax structure of Andorra. The state is funded mostly by indirect taxation, such as levies on water supplies and telecommunications, and by fees for administrative permits. The Social Democratic Party proposes the introduction of income tax and value added tax, albeit at low rates, whereas the Liberal Party prefers keeping changes to the tax system to a minimum. Andorra for Change rejects any changes whatsoever to the current system. A third issue is the relationship Andorra should have with the European Economic Area (EEA): at present, Andorra has a limited set of bilateral agreements with the European Union in the fields of economic, social, and cultural cooperation, signed in June 2004. The Social Democratic Party favours expanding these into a fully fledged association agreement; the Liberal Party is more reticent, but has promised to cooperate in any discussions. Electoral system Twenty-eight "general councillors" were elected on 26 April 2009, based on party lists (closed list system): two general councillors from each of the seven parishes, elected from the list with most votes in each parish; fourteen general councillors elected from national lists using the largest remainder method of proportional representation. The parish lists and the national list are independent of one another: the same person cannot appear on both the national list and on a parish list, and voters cast two separate ballots (there is no requirement to vote for the same party for both lists). Party lists Results References "Law 28/2007": Llei 28/2007, del 22 de novembre, qualificada de modificació de la Llei qualificada del règim electoral i del referèndum. External links Official site on the 2009 parliamentary elections from the Government of Andorra El Periòdic d'Andorra , daily newspaper Diari d'Andorra, daily newspaper Homepages for party lists Reformist Coalition Social Democratic Party Andorra for Change National Union of Progress Greens of Andorra Parliamentary Andorra Parliamentary elections in Andorra General Council (Andorra) April 2009 events in Europe

17326871

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%20Tamworth%20Borough%20Council%20election

2008 Tamworth Borough Council election

The 2008 Tamworth Borough Council election took place on 1 May 2008 to elect members of Tamworth Borough Council in Staffordshire, England. One third of the council was up for election and the Conservative Party stayed in overall control of the council. After the election, the composition of the council was: Conservative 24 Labour 5 Independent 1 Background Before the election the Conservatives held 23 seats, Labour had 6 and there was 1 independent councillor. 10 seats were being contested, with the Conservatives defending 8 and Labour 2. Among the councillors defending seats were the former Conservative council leader Ron Cook in Spittal ward and the Mayoress Mary Oates in Wilnecote. Labour would have needed to gain every Conservative seat that was being contested in order to deprive the Conservatives of a majority. Election result The results in Tamworth were one of the first local election results to be declared and saw just one seat change hands. The Conservative party gained Galscote ward from the Labour to hold 24 seats, compared to 5 for Labour. Galscote was taken by Conservative, Nicola Annandale, who was the fiancee of the leader of the council Jeremy Oates. Overall turnout was 29.97%. The Conservative leader of the council Jeremy Oates said that voters were "fed up of party politics and have voted on the delivery of services". However the Labour Member of Parliament for Tamworth, Brian Jenkins said that people had wanted "to give the Government a kicking" and that the election had been "all about national issues". Ward results References 2008 2008 English local elections 2000s in Staffordshire

23571343

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkaido%20Colliery%20and%20Railway%20Company

Hokkaido Colliery and Railway Company

was a company engaged in coal mining, railway operation and shipping in Hokkaidō, Japan. The company was established in 1889 when the state-owned and Horonai Railway were sold to the company. The company developed coal mines and transported coal to consumers by its own railways and a fleet of steamships. The railway of the company was nationalized on October 1, 1906 under the Railway Nationalization Act. At this time the company was renamed , which continued mining until 1995 and is in business of coal importing from Russia as of 2014. Railway List of lines and stations As of September 30, 1906 Muroran – Temiya The Muroran–Iwamizawa section and the Iwamizawa–Otaru section are part of the Muroran Main Line and the Hakodate Main Line respectively today. The remaining Otaru–Temiya section became the Temiya Line, which was closed in 1985. Iwamizawa – Utashinai The Iwamizawa–Sunagawa section is the part of the Hakodate Main Line today. The remaining part became the Utashinai Line, which was closed in 1988. Iwamizawa – Ikushunbetsu This section later became a part of the Horonai Line, which was closed in 1987. Horonaibuto – Horonai This section later became a part of the Horonai Line, which was closed in 1987. Oiwake – Yūbari The section from Oiwake to Shin-Yubari (Momijiyama) is a part of the Sekishō Line (Main section) today while the remainder became the Yubari Branch Line which closed in 2019. Sunagawa – Sorachigawa The company leased this section to Japanese Government Railways. This section is a part of the Hakodate Main Line today. Nationalization As the Railway Nationalization Act was promulgated, on October 1, 1906, the company's railway (207 miles 51 chains), rolling stock (1,940), steamship (1), personnel (3,673) and other goods and contracts were transferred to the government of Japan, in exchange of 30,997,100 yen worth of government bond. References External links Hokkaido Colliery & Steamship Co., Ltd. Coal companies of Japan Economic history of Japan Defunct railway companies of Japan Rail transport in Hokkaido Railway companies established in 1889 Railway companies disestablished in 1906 Japanese companies established in 1889

23571345

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaitanya%20Mangala

Chaitanya Mangala

The Chaitanya Mangala () (c.16th century) of Lochana Dasa is an important hagiographical work on the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Sri Krishna Chaitanya - Chaitanya Mahaprabhu in Bengali. This work of Lochana Dasa or Lochananda Dasa is influenced by the Sanskrit Kadacha of Murari Gupta. The complete text is divided into four sections: the Sutra Khanda, the Adi Khanda, the Madhya Khanda and the Shesh Khanda. As this work was written for the purpose of singing only, it is not further sub-divided into chapters. Contents The Chaitanya Mangala comprises about 11000 verses. The Sutra Khanda has around 1800 verses, the Adi Khanda has about 3300 verses, the Madhya Khanda consists nearly 4300 verses and the Shesh Khanda comprises about 1600 verses. The Sutrakhanda is a prelude to the Krishna's appearance as the Gauranga avatar in Nabadwip, which describes the events which led to this incarnation. The Adi Khanda narrates the early life of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu up to his trip to Gaya. The Madhya Khanda describes events in Mahaprabhu's later life up to his meeting with Sarvabahuma Bhattacharya. The Shesh Khanda narrates his pilgrimages to southern and northern India. Some manuscripts also consist a description of the last part of the Mahaprabhu's life till his disappearance. See also Chaitanya Mahaprabhu Chaitanya Bhagavata Notes Bengali-language literature 16th-century Indian books

20464260

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldenstriped%20soapfish

Goldenstriped soapfish

The goldenstriped soapfish (Grammistes sexlineatus), also known as the lined soapfish, golden-striped bass, radio fish, sixline soapfish, six-lined perch or white-lined rock cod, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, related to the groupers and classified within the subfamily Epinephelinae of the family Serranidae. It has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution. Description Grammistes sexlineatus is a middle sized fish, which can grow to a maximum length of 30 cm. Its background body color is dark brown with a maximum of six white to yellow horizontal lines. The number of lines depends on the maturity of the fish. Juveniles have white to yellow dots on a dark background until an approximate size of 17.5 mm. Thereafter, the points gradually become lines. At a length of 5 cm, these soap fish have three horizontal lines. Only from 8 cm long that the soapfish gets the six distinctive horizontal lines. Note that in adult specimens close to the maximum size, these lines tend to sever to form small strokes and points. Distribution and habitat The six lined soapfish is widespread throughout the tropical and subtropical waters of the Indo-Pacific area from the eastern coast of Africa to the oceanic islands of the Pacific Ocean, including Hawaii and the Red Sea as well as from southern Japan to northern New Zealand. This soapfish occurs in coastal rocky and coral reefs from shallow to 40–50 meters depth. Biology Individuals are generally solitary in their reef habitat. They usually stay hidden in crevices, and are most active at night. Like other fish in the subfamily Grammistinae, this species produces a toxin from the skin. The toxins in the skin secretions are known as grammistins. These secretions resemble lathered soap and are the basis for the common name of Soap Fish. This is not caught as a food fish because the flesh reportedly has a bitter, unpleasant taste. Taxonomy The goldenstriped soapfish was first formally described as Perca sixlineata in 1792 by the Swedish naturalist Carl Peter Thunberg (1743-1828) with the type locality given as the East Indies or Japan. References External links goldenstriped soapfish Fish of the Indian Ocean Fish of the Pacific Ocean goldenstriped soapfish

20464277

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Comorian%20legislative%20election

2009 Comorian legislative election

Parliamentary elections were held in the Comoros on 6 December 2009, with a second round on 20 December. The elections were originally scheduled for July 2009, but were postponed until after a constitutional referendum was held in May 2009. They were then scheduled to take place on 29 November, but were delayed again. The result was a victory for the Baobab Movement, a coalition supporting President Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi. Electoral system The elections were held using the two-round system with 24 single-member constituencies. The remaining nine seats in the Assembly of the Union were filled by appointees from the assemblies of the autonomous islands of the Comoros, Grande Comore, Mohéli and Anjouan, with each island selecting three members. Campaign Most candidates supporting President Sambi campaigned as the Baobab coalition, named after their identifying symbol, the Baobab tree. Results References Comoros 2009 in the Comoros Elections in the Comoros Election and referendum articles with incomplete results

17326881

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sadler%2025

Sadler 25

The Sadler 25 is a 7.42-meter (24 ft 4 in) fiberglass sailing yacht, designed in 1974 by David Sadler of Great Britain as an evolution of his earlier Contessa 26 which was in turn an evolution of the Nordic Folkboat. Although both the Folkboat and the Contessa 25 had relatively narrow long keel hulls, Sadler's new design utilised a wider hull to give more form stability and the (then) new finkeel together with a skeg-mounted rudder. Built between 1974 and 1981, the Sadler 25 was normally rigged as a masthead sloop, and was offered with the option of deep or shallow fin keels, twin bilge keels or a centre plate. In its deep-fin configuration, the Sadler 25 was a successful cruiser-racer which quickly became popular in yacht clubs throughout the U.K., and completed Round Britain and Trans-Atlantic voyages. The Sadler 25 is widely regarded as one of the classic late-20th-century production yachts, and many examples are still giving faithful service both cruising and racing. Specifications LOA: 7.42 m (24 ft 4 in) LWL: 5.84 m (19 ft 2 in) Beam: 2.67 m (8 ft 9 in) Draft (fin keel): 1.42 m (4 ft 8 in) Draft (shallow fin): 1.16 m (3 ft 10 in) Draft (bilge keel): 0.99 m (3 ft 3 in) Draft (centre plate): 0.7 m/1.5 m Displacement: 1814 kg (4000 lb) Ballast Ratio: 47% References Sailing yachts 1970s sailboat type designs

17326897

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiverton%20Four%20Corners%20Historic%20District

Tiverton Four Corners Historic District

Tiverton Four Corners Historic District encompasses the main village center of Tiverton, Rhode Island. The district extends along Main Road north and south from its junction with East Road and Puncatest Neck Road, or West Road. The area consists of sixteen historic buildings, predominantly 18th and early 19th-century houses, as well as the 1868 Union Public Library, mill-related resources at the Mill Pond which was situated just southeast of the main intersection, and the A. P. White Store. Originally inhabited by the Pocasset tribe, John Clarke and William Coddington – who in 1637 had purchased Aquidneck Island across the Sakonnet River from present-day Tiverton from the Narragansett tribe – also obtained from the Wampanoags use of land on the eastern side of the water. Land grants were made by Plymouth Colony as early as 1659, but formal development of the area did not begin until around 1679. After Plymouth Colony was absorbed by Massachusetts, the freemen of the area agitated for separation from it and to be joined to the Colony of Rhode Island. The dispute was not settled until 1746. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. Gallery See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Newport County, Rhode Island References External links Tiverton Historical Society, Chace-Cory House Tiverton, Rhode Island Historic districts in Newport County, Rhode Island Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island

20464316

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avisauridae

Avisauridae

Avisauridae is a family of extinct enantiornithine dinosaurs from the Cretaceous period, distinguished by several features of their ankle bones. Depending on the definition used, Avisauridae is either a broad and widespread group of advanced enantiornithines (following Cau & Arduini, 2008), or a small family within that group, restricted to species from the Late Cretaceous of North and South America (following Chiappe, 1992). Description Avisaurids were among the largest and last enantiornithines to have lived, although they are also among the most poorly preserved. The majority of them are known primarily from fossilized tarsometatarsal bones, the part of a bird's leg formed by fused metatarsals (the bones which comprise the foot in humans). As a result, members of this family are distinguished from other enantiornithines exclusively by features of the tarsometatarsal and pedal phalanges (toe bones). Unlike in some prehistoric birds, avisaurid tarsometatarsals were not completely fused, with the distal (outer) parts of the metatarsals being separate from each other. The proximal (near) half of metatarsal III (the long bone in the middle of the tarsometatarsus) is convex from the front. The inside edge of this bone's trochlea (toe joint) has a bony tab which points downward, known as a plantar projection. The innermost bone of the tarsometatarsus, metatarsal I, is small, laterally compressed (flattened from side-to-side), and J-shaped from the side. It is connected to a reversed hallux sporting a very large and curved claw. Chiappe and Calvo (1994) found that the Avisauridae shared adaptations of the foot — including a fully reversed and distally placed hallux with a large claw — that indicated the ability to perch in trees. They argued that an arboreal habit was most likely for all of the Avisauridae. History and classification Avisauridae was erected as a family by Michael Brett-Surman and Gregory S. Paul in 1985. At that time the family consisted of a few fossils that they believed belonged to small non-avian dinosaurs. They doubted that these fossils belonged to birds due to the presence of several features of the tarsometatarsus. In Avisaurus (the only avisaurid known at that time), only the proximal parts of the metatarsals were fused, the proximal part of metatarsal III was wide, and the hypotarsus (a wide ridge extending down the back of the tarsometatarsus) was poorly developed. However, Chiappe later reassigned the Avisauridae to the class Aves (which is equivalent to the clade Avialae in modern usage) and the subclass Enantiornithes in 1992. He noted that the features used to exclude avisaurids from birds are in fact present in some early birds such as Archaeopteryx, as well as various Cretaceous bird groups. Avisaurids also had a thin metatarsal IV (the outermost long bone of the tarsometatarsus) and a bony knob on the front of metatarsal II (the most innermost long bone of the tarsometatarsus) for the insertion of M. tibialis cranialis (the muscle which flexes the ankle, also known as the M. tibialis anticus or M. tibialis anterior), both believed to be enantiornithean features. Chiappe in 1993 defined the family as the common ancestor of Neuquenornis volans and Avisaurus archibaldi plus all its descendants. In 2008, the family was given a broader definition courtesy of Cau and Arduini. They redefined the group as Avisaurus archibaldi and all genera more closely related to it than to either Longipteryx, Gobipteryx or Sinornis. Matt Martyniuk gave the name Avisauroidea to this group, although the erection of that name has been criticized by Cau. Under this broader definition, several other enantiornitheans, such as Enantiophoenix, would qualify as members of the family. Nevertheless, enantiornithean taxonomy is notably difficult to resolve, and some analyses on enantiornitheans have not resolved the family. However, this may be due to such analyses focusing on early Cretaceous enantiornitheans (which are numerous and well-preserved) rather than fragmentary late Cretaceous taxa, such as most avisaurids. The following is a cladogram based on Cau and Arduini (2008): References Cretaceous birds Prehistoric dinosaur families

17326903

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry%20Granville%20Sharpe

Henry Granville Sharpe

Henry Granville Sharpe (April 30, 1858 – July 13, 1947) was the 24th Quartermaster General of the United States Army from 1916 to 1918. Early life Sharpe was born in Kingston, New York, in 1858, and was the son of Civil War veteran Brevet Major General George H. Sharpe and his wife, Caroline Hone (Hasbrouck) Sharpe. Both of his parents were descendants of the Hasbrouck family; his maternal grandfather was Congressman and Rutgers University president Abraham Bruyn Hasbrouck; his paternal great-grandfather was Congressman Abraham Joseph Hasbrouck. His sister, Katherine Lawrence Hasbrouck, married Congressman Ira Davenport, and his brother Severyn Bruyn Sharpe was the Ulster County judge in 1898. He is also a descendant of Louis DuBois. He attended the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, graduating in 1880. Career Sharpe served on frontier duty with the 4th Infantry Regiment (United States) at Fort Laramie, Wyoming for the next year and a half. Following a six months' leave of absence, he submitted his resignation from the Army to take effect June 1, 1882. About fifteen months later on September 12, 1883, Sharpe was reappointed to the Army as a commissary of subsistence with the rank of Captain and assigned to temporary duty at New York City. He was then stationed at West Point 1884 to 1889. From 1889 to 1898, he served as a commissary officer at various locations to include Washington, Oregon and the St. Louis Depot. He was promoted to the rank of Major on November 13, 1895. He transferred from St. Louis to Boston on March 15, 1897, but assumed his duties there only after he had purchased and distributed supplies for the relief of sufferers from the Mississippi flood at St. Louis, Missouri and at Cairo, Illinois. When war with Spain was imminent in April 1898, he was appointed chief commissary of the First Army Corps, and deployed with the Corps to Puerto Rico. There he was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel and appointed an assistant commissary general of subsistence. He remained on duty in Puerto Rico until December 21, 1898. For a short time, he was assigned to the Chicago Depot as purchasing commissary general, but in September 1899 he was ordered to Washington to act as assistant to the Commissary General of Subsistence. This assignment lasted until the spring of 1902. He was then sent to Manila as chief commissary of the Division of the Philippines. By that time he been promoted to the rank of Colonel and was the senior officer in the Subsistence Department. On October 3, 1900, he was elected as a hereditary companion of the New York Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States by right of his father's service in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Sharpe's tour of duty in the Philippines lasted until he was again recalled to Washington to act as assistant to the Commissary General of Subsistence. He served in this capacity from June 22, 1904, to October 8, 1905. He was commissioned Commissary General of Subsistence with the rank of Brigadier General on October 12, 1905, and was reappointed for a second four-year detail in 1909. In the summer of 1907, he sailed to Europe at his own expense to investigate the supply departments of the British, French, and German armies. He visited the schools for bakers and cooks maintained by those armies. The data he obtained on the use of rolling kitchens in the French and German armies materially assisted in the development of similar equipment suitable for the U.S. Army. Upon his return to Washington in September 1907, General Sharpe submitted recommendations to the War Department urging the establishment of a supply corps. While these were not adopted, they undoubtedly proved helpful when the subject of consolidating the Quartermaster, Subsistence, and Pay Departments into one agency was being considered four years later. Sharpe was so enthusiastic about establishing a consolidated supply corps that Quartermaster General James B. Aleshire called him the father of consolidation. Many of Sharpe's friends recommended that he be selected to head the newly created Quartermaster Corps in 1912. But when his classmate, General Aleshire, was appointed, Sharpe accepted a subordinate post in the Corps and worked devotedly to prove the value of consolidation. When ill health brought General Aleshire's retirement four years later, General Sharpe was appointed to succeed him as Quartermaster General on September 16, 1916. This was approximately seven months before the United States declared war against Germany. World War I The Quartermaster Corps and the War Department generally were unprepared for World War I. The supply bureaus within the Quartermaster Corps were eager to procure and ship as quickly as possible the enormous quantities of supplies for which they were responsible. However, their uncoordinated procurement resulted in excessive and unbalanced railway shipments that overtaxed port facilities and finally developed into a serious congestion of the railroad system in the winter of 1917–18. By that time shortages in clothing, hospital equipment, and other supplies were causing hardships in Army camps, and it was charged by some that the lack of adequate clothing and shelter was responsible for an epidemic of pneumonia sweeping through the camps. General Sharpe was held responsible by many for a large share of the supply crisis that had developed. These developments stirred a widespread uneasiness that led to a Congressional hearing on the conduct of the war. In the end the General Staff took complete control of supplies and the Office of the Director of Purchase and Storage in the Purchase, Storage, and Traffic Division was erected on the foundation of the Quartermaster Corps. On December 15, 1917, a War Council was formed consisting of the Secretary of War, the Assistant Secretary of War, the Quartermaster General, the Chief of Artillery, the Chief of Ordnance, the Judge Advocate General, and the Chief of Staff. The War Council was to oversee and coordinate all matters of supply and to plan for the more effective use of the military power of the nation. While serving on the Council, General Sharpe was required to delegate all his administrative duties to an acting chief Quartermaster designated by the Secretary of War. In June 1918, General Sharpe was relieved from duty with the War Council and assigned to the command of the Southeastern Department. The following month he was appointed a Major General in the line of the Army, with rank from July 12 and officially ceased to be Quartermaster General. General Sharpe requested retirement on May 1, 1920, he was then 62. Retirement and death In his later years, he lived in Providence, Rhode Island, where he died at the age of 89, on July 13, 1947. He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery. General Sharpe was a Companion of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States by right of his father's service in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Legacy General Sharpe was inducted into the Quartermaster Hall of Fame in 1989. References External links 1858 births 1947 deaths Burials at Arlington National Cemetery United States Military Academy alumni United States Army generals of World War I United States Army generals American military personnel of the Spanish–American War Quartermasters General of the United States Army Commissary General of Subsistence (United States Army)

23571375

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan%20Winton

Alan Winton

Alan Peter Winton (born 4 September 1958) is the Bishop of Thetford in the Church of England Diocese of Norwich. Education and family Winton was born on 4 September 1958 in London, England. He was educated at Sheffield University, whence he was awarded his Bachelor of Arts (BA Hons) honours degree in Biblical Studies in 1983. He then studied for and received his Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) from that university in 1987, then trained for the ministry at Lincoln Theological College. Winton married in 1982, and they have two children; his wife is also a priest. Ordained ministry Winton was made a deacon at Petertide 1991 (29 June), by Jim Thompson, Bishop of Stepney, at St Paul's Cathedral, and ordained a priest the Petertide following (29 June 1992), by Brian Masters, Bishop of Edmonton, at All Hallows, Gospel Oak; his first (title) post was as assistant curate (1991–1995) of Christ Church Southgate, London. His first post of responsibility was priest in charge of St Paul's Walden with Preston, Hertfordshire (1995–1999), during which time he was simultaneously Continuing Ministerial Education (CME) Officer for that diocese. Finally (before his appointment to the episcopate) he served in Welwyn, first as Rector (1999–2005) of St Mary the Virgin, Welwyn, and of St Michael, Welwyn, with St Peter, Ayot St Peter; then as Team Rector (2005–2009) of the new Welwyn Team Ministry. During the latter part of that appointment, from 2007, he was also an honorary canon of St Albans Abbey. In 2009, he was appointed to become Bishop of Thetford, one of the two suffragan bishops in the Diocese of Norwich. He was consecrated as bishop by Rowan Williams, Archbishop of Canterbury, on 29 September 2009 (Michaelmas), at St Paul's Cathedral. In November 2022, it was announced that he would retire in April 2023. Styles The Reverend Doctor Alan Winton (1991–2007) The Reverend Canon Doctor Alan Winton (2007–2009) The Right Reverend Doctor Alan Winton (2009–present) Notes References 1958 births Alumni of the University of Sheffield 21st-century Church of England bishops Bishops of Thetford Living people Alumni of Lincoln Theological College

20464325

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%20Snow

Don Snow

Don Snow (born 13 January 1957 in London) is a British vocalist and multi-instrumentalist, who plays the Hammond organ, piano, guitar, bass guitar, drums and saxophone. He is primarily known for his work with the new wave bands Squeeze, the Sinceros and the Catch, as well as Procol Harum. He has also frequently toured with Van Morrison and has played the Hammond organ and piano on three of his albums. Career He started his career in 1978 as an original member of the new wave/power pop outfit the Sinceros, who were signed to Epic Records and released a string of successful albums. Around this time, he also played with Lene Lovich and Bill Nelson, before he joined Squeeze in 1982, replacing Paul Carrack. At this time, he recorded with drummer Chris Whitten as the Catch, releasing the single "25 Years" which reached number 3 on the German charts, sold half a million copies and stayed on the charts for 40 weeks. He also recorded with artists such as Judie Tzuke, Tracey Ullman, Nik Kershaw, ABC and Sheila Walsh. In 1987, he joined Tina Turner for her Break Every Rule World Tour and recorded the album Live in Europe. He also recorded with Roger Daltrey, Tom Jones, Jimmy Somerville, Chris Eaton, Holly Johnson, Boy George, Jaki Graham and Gary Moore. On 11 June 1988, Snow played the first Nelson Mandela benefit at the Wembley Arena along with Al Green, Joe Cocker, Natalie Cole, Jonathan Butler, Freddie Jackson, and Ashford & Simpson. In 1990, Snow played with the John Lennon tribute band in Liverpool, before he re-joined Squeeze in 1991 for touring. In 1992, after appearing on records by Tina Turner, Judie Tzuke, Thomas Anders and Heartland, he played keyboards for Procol Harum and later played for Van Morrison. He joined Squeeze for the third time in 1995 and played with Morrison again in 1998. Since 2000, he has recorded releases with Kylie Minogue, Melanie C, Joe Cocker, Mark Owen, Michael Ball, released several solo albums and recently produced Alexis Cunningham. In December 1992, he changed his name to Jonn Savannah. He now lives in Medford, New Jersey. Discography Album credits 1978 – Lene Lovich – Stateless 1979 – The Sinceros – The Sound of Sunbathing 1979 – The Barron Knights – Tell the World to Laugh 1979 – Peter C. Johnson – Peter C. Johnson 1980 – Johnny Logan – Save Me 1980 – The Vibrators – Batteries Included 1981 – The Sinceros – Pet Rock 1981 – The Quick – Ship to Shore 1981 – The Sinceros – 2nd Debut 1981 – Fingerprintz – Beat Noir 1982 – Jona Lewie – Heart Skips Beat 1982 – Judie Tzuke – Shoot the Moon 1982 – Squeeze – Sweets from a Stranger 1982 – Fern Kinney – All It Takes Love to Know Love 1983 – Wendy & the Rocketts – Dazed for Days 1983 – Bianca – Where the Beat Meets the Street 1983 – Judie Tzuke – Ritmo 1983 – Tracey Ullman – They Don't Know 1984 – The Catch – Balance on Wires 1984 – Nik Kershaw – The Riddle 1984 – Nik Kershaw – Human Racing 1984 – Tracey Ullman – You Caught Me Out 1984 – Tin Tin – Kiss Me 1984 – Paul Da Vinci – Work So Hard 1985 – ABC – How to be a Zillionaire! 1985 – Gianni Morandi – Uno So Mille 1985 – Sheila Walsh – Shadowlands 1987 – The Catch – Walk the Water 1987 – Roger Daltrey – Can't Wait to See the Movie 1987 – Model – Model 1987 – Chris Eaton – Vision 1988 – Tina Turner – Live in Europe 1989 – Holly Johnson – Blast 1989 – Jimmy Somerville – Ready My Lips 1989 – Tom Jones – At This Moment 1989 – Gary Moore – Wild Frontier 1989 – Jaki Graham – From Now On 1989 – Baby Ford – Beach Bump 1991 – Thomas Anders – Whispers 1991 – Tina Turner – Simply the Best 1991 – Judie Tzuke – Left Hand Talking 1991 – Heartland – Heartland 1991 – This Picture – A Violent Impression 1992 – Judie Tzuke – I Can Read Books 1993 – Van Morrison – Too Long in Exile 1994 – Van Morrison – A Night in San Francisco 1994 – Hanne Boel – Misty Paradise 1994 – Gregory Gray – Euroflake in Silverlake 1995 – Brian Kennedy – Intuition 1995 – Martyn Joseph – Martyn Joseph 1995 – Jimmy Somerville – Dare to Love 1995 – Van Morrison – Days Like This 1996 – Ray Charles – Strong Love Affair 1996 – Squeeze – Ridiculous 1996 – Right Said Fred – Smashing! 1996 – Judie Tzuke – Under the Angels 1997 – The Vibrators – Demos & Raities 1999 – Joe Cocker – No Ordinary World 1999 – Ashley Maher – The Blessed Rain 1999 – Siggi – Siggi 1999 – Emmet Swimming – Big Night Without You 2000 – Kylie Minogue – Light Years 2000 – Ruth – Ruth 2001 – Russell Watson – The Voice 2001 – Steve Balsamo – All I Am 2003 – Melanie C – Reason 2003 – American Idol – Season 2 2003 – Ruben Studdard – Superstar 2003 – Sandi Russell – Incascedent 2004 – American Idol – Season 3 2004 – Mark Owen – In Your Own Time 2005 – Bernie Armstrong – The Face of Christ 2006 – Heavy Little Elephants – Heavy Little Elephants 2006 – Michael Ball – One Voice 2007 – Pawnshop Roses – Let It Roll 2009 – Carsie Blanton – Carsie Blanton 2009 – Alcaz – On Se Dit Tout 2010 – Alexis Cunningham – Wonderlust 2011 – Alexis Cunningham – Love at the End of the World 2014 – Die Fantastischen Vier (feat. Jonn Savannah) – 25 References External links Official website Don Snow' Fan page at procolharum.com 1945 births Living people English male singers English multi-instrumentalists English record producers English new wave musicians Procol Harum members Squeeze (band) members English expatriates in the United States People from Medford, New Jersey The Vibrators members The Sinceros members

17326905

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis%2C%20Count%20of%20Vermandois

Louis, Count of Vermandois

Louis de Bourbon, Légitimé de France, Count of Vermandois, born Louis de La Blaume Le Blanc, also known as Louis de/of Vermandois (2 October 1667 – 18 November 1683) was a French nobleman, illegitimate but legitimised son of Louis XIV, King of France by his mistress, Louise de La Vallière. He died exiled and disgraced at the age of 16, unmarried and without issue. Early life Louis de La Blaume Le Blanc was born on 2 October 1667 at the Castle of Saint-Germain-en-Laye on 2 October 1667 to Louise de La Blaume Le Blanc de La Vallière, Mademoiselle de La Vallière (1644–1710). His father was his unmarried mother's long-time lover, Louis XIV, King of France (1638–1715). Her parents had been in an extramarital affair for about 6 years by then, but their relationship was nearing its end. They had had 4 children together, only one of whom, the already legitimised Marie-Anne de Bourbon, Mademoiselle de Blois (1666–1739) was still alive when La Blaume Le Blanc was born. He was named after his father. At the age of 2, in 1669, La Blaume Le Blanc was legitimised, given the surname de Bourbon (of Bourbon), as opposed to the surname de France (of France) bore by his legitimate half-siblings. He was also created Count of Vermandois (comte de Vermandois) and appointed Admiral of France (Amiral de France). Life with the Orléans family In 1674, when Vermandois was 7 years old, his mother entered a Carmelite convent in Paris, and from then on, saw very little of her. He was entrusted to the care of his aunt (the wife of his paternal uncle, Philippe I, Duke of Orléans [1640–1701]), born Princess Elizabeth Charlotte "Liselotte" of the Palatinate (1652–1722), known as court as Madame or Madame Palatine. He lived with the Orléans family in the Palais-Royal in Paris, and became close with his aunt, despite her well-known disdain for the king's "bastards". The Duke of Orléans was infamous for being effeminate and practicing le vice italien ("the Italian vice"), being homosexual or bisexual. He had children from both of his arranged marriages but had many male (and possibly also some female) lovers before and during them. One of these lovers was Philippe of Lorraine (1643–1702), known as the Chevalier de Lorraine ("Knight of Lorraine"), a man described as having an attractive face and a sharp mind, but also being "insinuating, brutal and devoid of scruple", as well as being "as greedy as a vulture". The young count became involved with the knight and his circle, which included among others François-Louis, Prince of La Roche-sur-Yon (later titular king of Poland and prince of Conti; 1644–1709). He joined a secret group of young aristocrats called La Sainte Congregation des Glorieux Pédérastes ("Holy Congregation of Glorious Pederasts"). When the king learned of his son's involvement with the duke's circles, he exiled the Chevalier de Lorraine and several other members of the "congregation". He reprimanded his son and decided to send him away from the royal court. It was suggested that 15-year-old Vermandois should be married as soon as possible to cover up the scandal, possibly to 6-year-old Louise-Bénédicte de Bourbon, Mademoiselle d'Enghien (1676–1753), the daughter of Henri-Jules, Duke of Enghien (later Prince of Condé; 1643–1709). Exile and death In June 1682, Vermandois was exiled to Normandy. Hoping to mend the relationship between father and son, his aunt Madame suggested that he be sent as a soldier to Flanders, then under French occupation. Agreeing with his sister-in-law, the king sent his son to the Siege of Kortrijk, where Vermandois soon fell ill. He was advised by a doctor that he should return to Lille and recover, but, desperate for his father's love, he remained on the battlefield. He died in Flanders on 18 November 1683, and was buried in the Arras Cathedral. His aunt and sister greatly mourned his death, while his father reportedly did not shed a tear. His mother, by then a Carmelite nun under the name of Sœur Louise de la Miséricordie ("Sister Louise of Grace"), was still obsessed with the sin of her affair with the king and said upon hearing the news of his son's death, "I ought to weep for his birth far more than his death". It was later suggested that he might have been the Man in the Iron Mask, which could not be true as the unidentified prisoner died in 1703. Ancestry References Sources |- |- 1667 births 1683 deaths Illegitimate children of Louis XIV People from Saint-Germain-en-Laye 17th-century French military personnel Admirals of France French nobility Counts of Vermandois French exiles Man in the Iron Mask LGBT people from France 17th-century LGBT people LGBT nobility LGBT military personnel Sons of kings

17326949

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry%20Sharpe

Henry Sharpe

Henry Sharpe may refer to: Henry Granville Sharpe (1858–1947), US Army officer Henry Sharpe (priest) (fl. 1620s), Anglican priest in Ireland Henry A. Sharpe (1848–1919), Justice of the Alabama Supreme Court

20464326

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenfell%20Centre

Grenfell Centre

Grenfell Centre, also known as The Black Stump, is a high rise office building located at 25 Grenfell Street in the Adelaide city centre. It is the ninth tallest building in Adelaide, South Australia, with a height of . It was the tallest building in the city until surpassed by the Telstra House in 1987. It has 26 floors and was completed in 1973. In the 1980s, the building's foyer and interior were refurbished. A ten-metre antenna was attached in 1980 and upgraded with digital transmitters in 2003, increasing the height a metre further. In 2007, the building was redeveloped, and two frameless glass cubes were constructed at the entrance of the building. This redevelopment earned it the Royal Australian Institute of Architects Commercial Architecture Award of Commendation. , Oracle uses the building; over the last few years, the company logo has been displayed at the top. Its nickname, "black stump", in reference to the building's appearance, is also a colloquial Australian phrase. See also List of tallest buildings in Adelaide References Skyscrapers in Adelaide Buildings and structures in Adelaide Skyscraper office buildings in Australia Office buildings completed in 1973

17326956

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Localhost%20%28disambiguation%29

Localhost (disambiguation)

localhost may refer to: localhost, the loopback device IP address .localhost, a reserved top-level domain name Localhost (software), facilitates access to a peer-to-peer virtual file system via the BitTorrent protocol

17326970

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rick%20Metsger

Rick Metsger

Richard Thomas Metsger (born August 16, 1951) served in the Oregon State Senate from 1999 to 2011. President Barack Obama nominated Rick Metsger to serve on the Board of the National Credit Union Administration on May 16, 2013. The U.S. Senate confirmed Mr. Metsger on August 1, 2013, and he took the oath of office on August 23, 2013. He served as the ninth NCUA Board Chairman from May 1, 2016, through January 22, 2017. Prior to his political career, Metsger was a sportscaster, teacher, and served on the board of directors of a credit union in Portland, Oregon. Vice Chairman of the NCUA Board (Aug 4, 2014 - May 2016) President Barack Obama nominated Metsger to serve on the Board of the National Credit Union Administration on May 16, 2013. The United States Senate confirmed Metsger on August 1, 2013. After he took the oath of office on August 23, 2013, Metsger shared his vision "for NCUA to be recognized as an agency that manages its own fiscal house well, proposes regulatory action that is effectively targeted to achieve the desired outcome without placing unnecessary burdens on the credit unions themselves and, above all, maintains the confidence and trust the American public places in their local credit union." On September 18, 2014, the NCUA Board designated Board Member Metsger as Vice Chairman of NCUA, pursuant to the requirements of NCUA's rules. On Jan. 1, 2014, NCUA Board Chairman Debbie Matz appointed Metsger as NCUA's representative on the Board of NeighborWorks America, one of the nation's preeminent affordable housing and community development organizations. He succeeded former NCUA Board Member Gigi Hyland, who left the NCUA Board October 5, 2012. Metsger's term continues through August 2, 2017. During his tenure as Vice Chairman, Metsger has focused on modernizing regulations and the federal credit union charter to provide credit unions with greater flexibility to innovate and grow as well as regulatory relief. Metsger led the agency's efforts to update its regulations concerning fixed assets and credit unions' fields-of-membership regulation. Chairman of the NCUA Board (May 2, 2016 - January 22, 2017) Metsger was appointed chairman of the NCUA Board effective May 1, 2016 by President Barack Obama. As NCUA Board Chairman, Metsger heads the independent agency that charters, regulates, and supervises more than 3,700 federal credit unions. NCUA also operates the National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund, which protects the accounts of millions of Americans at more than 5,800 federally insured credit unions. Metsger succeeds Board Chairman Debbie Matz, whose tenure ended April 30, 2016. Early life and career Metsger was born in Portland, Oregon, where he attended elementary school. He graduated from Centennial High School in Gresham. In 1972, he earned a bachelor's degree in communication from Lewis & Clark College, where he also earned a master's degree in teaching in 1975. Metsger taught at Sam Barlow High School in Gresham from 1973 to 1976 and was an assistant basketball coach at Lewis & Clark during that same time. From 1993 to 2001, he served on the board of directors of the Portland Teachers Credit Union. Sports anchor In 1977, Metsger was hired as a sportscaster for Portland television station KOIN, eventually working his way up to sports anchor and sports director. In the early 1990s, Metsger was moved to a combination news and sports role. In August 1992, hours after completing an investigative report about leaking nuclear waste tanks at the Hanford Site, Metsger was fired from the station. The report aired three weeks later (narrated by another reporter), and later won the Best Investigative Reporting award from the Oregon Associated Press Broadcasters Association. Political career In 1998, Metsger sought his first political office, running as a Democrat for the Oregon State Senate in the 14th state senate district (later renumbered the 26th due to redistricting). He was unopposed in the Democratic primary, and in the general election; he defeated former Oregon House member Jerry Grisham, who had defeated incumbent Ken Baker in the Republican primary. Metsger was re-elected in 2002 and 2006. In 2008, he became a candidate for Oregon Secretary of State, running to succeed incumbent Bill Bradbury, but lost the Democratic primary to Kate Brown. Metsger sought the Democratic nomination for Oregon State Treasurer in the special election to replace Ben Westlund, but lost to fellow Democrat Ted Wheeler. During Metsger's 12 years in the Oregon State Senate, he chaired the Business and Transportation Committee and served on committees with jurisdiction in the areas of education, revenue, the judiciary, human services and consumer protection. Metsger sponsored laws that expanded state-chartered credit unions' field of membership, refunded millions of dollars to consumers, combated predatory payday lending, and created the largest public transportation investment in the state's history. Metsger left the Legislature in 2011. After his departure, Metsger owned and managed his own strategic communications consulting firm focused on the areas of financial services, capital construction, energy and transportation. See also Oregon state elections, 2008 References Democratic Party Oregon state senators Living people 1951 births American sports announcers Television anchors from Portland, Oregon People from Gresham, Oregon Lewis & Clark College alumni 21st-century American politicians

23571378

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Members%20of%20the%20Victorian%20Legislative%20Assembly%2C%201856%E2%80%931859

Members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly, 1856–1859

This is a list of members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly from the elections of 23 September – 24 October 1856 to those of 26 August – 26 September 1859. The Assembly was created in 1856. Note the "Term in Office" refers to that members term(s) in the Assembly, not necessarily for that electorate. Notes O'Shanassy won both Melbourne and Kilmore districts, deciding to represent the latter he resigned from Melbourne. The by-election for Melbourne in January 1857 was won by Henry Langlands. Baragwanath resigned in December 1857, replaced by John Everard in an January 1858 by-election. Cameron resigned in March 1857, replaced by John Wood in an April 1857 by-election. Childers resigned in February 1857, replaced by John Findlay in a July 1857 by-election. Clarke resigned in August 1858, replaced by Robert Anderson in an October 1858 by-election. Fellows resigned in May 1858, replaced by John Crews in a May 1858 by-election. Fyfe resigned in November 1857, replaced by George Board in a February 1858 by-election Goodman resigned in January 1858, replaced by William Forlonge in a January 1858 by-election. Forlonge resigned in January 1859, replaced in turn by William Nicholson in a January 1859 by-election Greeves resigned in March 1857, replaced by Richard Heales in a March 1857 by-election Griffith resigned in February 1858, replaced by William Mollison in an April 1858 by-election Haines left Parliament around November 1858, replaced by John Bell in a January 1859 by-election. King resigned in September 1857, replaced by John Johnson in a November 1857 by-election McDougall resigned in August 1857, replaced by Joseph Wilkie in an August 1857 by-election Palmer resigned in July 1857, replaced by Richard Davies Ireland in an August 1857 by-election Pasley resigned in July 1857, replaced by Sidney Ricardo in a July 1857 by-election. Pyke resigned in February 1857, replaced by Robert Sitwell in a March 1857 by-election Read resigned in February 1858, replaced by James Harrison in an April 1858 by-election Rutherford resigned in July 1857, replaced by Theodore Hancock in a July 1857 by-election Sargood resigned in December 1857, replaced by Henry Chapman in a January 1858 by-election. Sladen resigned in March 1857, replaced by Alexander Thomson in December 1857 Stawell resigned in February 1857, replaced by James Service in March 1857 Were resigned in February 1857, replaced by Charles Ebden in a March 1857 by-election References Members of the Parliament of Victoria by term 19th-century Australian politicians

17326979

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DePauw%20Avenue%20Historic%20District

DePauw Avenue Historic District

The DePauw Avenue Historic District is a national historic district just northeast of downtown New Albany, Indiana, across the Ohio River from Louisville, Kentucky. The district consists mostly of Depauw Avenue from Vincennes Street in the west to Aebersold Drive to the east, and includes portions of the 1200 block of Beechwood Avenue and two residences on Vance Street. New Albany High School is located on the southern edge of the district. Depauw Avenue is named for New Albany's Depauw family. Washington C. DePauw, a wealthy New Albany banker, was the original owner of the land. He made the bulk of his money from the American Glass Works, which by 1890 produced two thirds of the plate glass in the United States. His summer estate was what became Depauw Avenue. His son Charles Depauw started developing the land, but the first buildings were constructed after Charles died, leaving it to his widow Letitia. The district began as a neighborhood for upper-class residents, and quickly became a preferred place to live in New Albany. The initial four properties were built between 1906 and 1908, an additional four in 1911, and the bulk of the remainder built in the 1920s. Construction slowed during the Great Depression, and then concluded in the 1940s. Of the seventy-one primary buildings in the district, sixty-eight are considered to contribute to the historic integrity of the district, with fifteen contributing outbuildings. Architectural styles are a mix of Colonial Revival, Craftsman/Bungalow (of which 39 of the district's 68 domiciles are), Dutch Colonial Revival, Queen Anne, and Tudor Revival. Residences on the eastern side of the district are long and are affected by the creekbed that runs by the district. In 1994 an architectural study determined that DePauw Avenue could eventually achieve National Register status. In 2006 the Indiana Department of Natural Resources gave a grant of $6,150 to the city of New Albany to prepare DePauw Avenue, Cedar Bough Place Historic District, and the Shelby Place Historic District for registration on the National Register of Historic Places. (Depauw Avenue has an architectural style similar to Shelby Place's, but contains mostly larger domiciles, showing more architectural diversity.) All three neighborhoods were placed on the National Register on March 19, 2008. References Historic districts in New Albany, Indiana Buildings and structures in Floyd County, Indiana National Register of Historic Places in Floyd County, Indiana Populated places established in 1906 1906 establishments in Indiana Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Indiana

17327009

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland%20Route%20189

Maryland Route 189

Maryland Route 189 (MD 189) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland. Known as Falls Road, the highway runs from MD 190 in Potomac to Great Falls Road and Maryland Avenue in Rockville. MD 189 connects Rockville with Potomac and the Great Falls of the Potomac River in southwestern Montgomery County. The highway was constructed from Rockville to Potomac by the early 1920s and extended toward Great Falls in the early 1930s. MD 189 was expanded to a divided highway around its newly-constructed interchange with Interstate 270 (I-270) in the late 1980s. The highway was truncated at both ends in the late 1990s. Route description MD 189 begins at an intersection with MD 190 (River Road) in the village center of Potomac. Falls Road continues south as a county highway to MacArthur Boulevard and the entrance to the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park, which includes the Great Falls of the Potomac. MD 189 heads north as a two-lane undivided road that passes through several sharp curves between the Bullis School to the southeast and the Falls Road Golf Course to the northwest. The highway meets the western end of Montrose Road shortly before entering the city of Rockville. MD 189 expands to a four-lane divided highway ahead of its intersection with Wootton Parkway. The highway continues through a single-point urban interchange with I-270 (Eisenhower Memorial Highway) shortly before reaching its northern terminus at a four-way intersection with Great Falls Road, Maryland Avenue, and Potomac Valley Road. Great Falls Road (formerly a direct continuation of Falls Road, now a left turn at the intersection) heads north toward the west end of downtown Rockville and Maryland Avenue heads northeast directly toward downtown. History MD 189 was paved as an macadam road from Montgomery Avenue (now MD 28) in Rockville to Potomac by 1921. The highway was extended as a concrete road from Potomac to what is now MacArthur Boulevard near Great Falls in 1930. MD 189 did not originally have an interchange with Washington National Pike (now I-270). The highway's single-point urban interchange with I-270 was built in 1988. As part of that project, MD 189 was expanded to a four-lane divided highway from south of Wootton Parkway to Maryland Avenue. The latter intersection was placed in its present form at that time, replacing the seamless transition from Falls Road to Great Falls Road just north of I-270. MD 189 was rolled back from Great Falls to its present southern terminus in Potomac in 1999. The highway was removed from Great Falls Road in Rockville in 2000. Major intersections See also References External links MDRoads: MD 189 Maryland Route 189 189

17327014

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Television%20Preview

Television Preview

Television Preview (also known as "New TV Preview") is a market research company that purports to test pilots of new television shows while actually looking for audience's reactions to commercials presented in a "home-like" atmosphere between breaks in these shows. Based in Evansville, Indiana, Television Preview is a division of RSC the Quality Measurement Company, a member of the ArsGroup. The preview offer is considered a scam because, even though Television Preview takes no money from viewers, the company is not associated with any actual television producers and the "pilots" they preview are years old. Viewers are instead asked to rate the commercials they see. Also, under the guise of selecting prizes they'd like to win in a drawing, viewers choose their "favorites" from pages of pictures of consumer products. The process Television Preview randomly sends out invitations and tickets to specific screenings, usually held in hotel conference rooms. The invitation contains text, such as that shown below, insinuating that the viewer will help decide what will be featured on television's next fall lineup: Instead, viewers are shown old television pilots that were never picked up. They are asked to give a thumbs-up or thumbs-down style rating, and then fill out pages of questionnaires about their purchasing preferences, brands they like, products they are likely to use, and so forth. The programs The programs can vary from screening to screening, but most often they seem to be two shows: a 1997 drama called Soulmates featuring Kim Raver, and a comedy called City starring Valerie Harper. City was a short-lived show from 1990. Audience members are either told that Valerie Harper is looking to make a comeback, and wants viewers to judge her likability, or that screenwriter Paul Haggis, who wrote the show, wants to retool it for next fall, but needs viewer's opinions on its feasibility first. Other attendees have reported being shown the pilot of Dads, a comedy show from 1997 starring C. Thomas Howell and Steven Eckholdt. Associated companies Within a few business days after the viewings, most participants receive phone calls come from a California based company called "Datascension", in which participants are asked additional questions about the presentation. The company has been known to make frequent, repeated calls, in the event no one at the participant's number answers, or if they reach an answering machine. References External links Television Preview's official site Datascension's website American television commercials Companies based in Evansville, Indiana Confidence tricks Market research companies of the United States

17327020

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisenhower%20House

Eisenhower House

Eisenhower House, formerly known as the Commandant's Residence or Quarters Number One of Fort Adams, is a historic house that is part of Fort Adams State Park in Newport, Rhode Island. History The building was built by George C. Mason & Son in 1873. Its first inhabitant was General Henry Jackson Hunt. Dwight D. Eisenhower used the house as his summer residence during his presidency in 1958 and 1960. Initially, in 1958, the President was living at the Naval War College on Coasters Harbor Island. However, with his passion for golf, he moved to this location as it was close to the Newport Country Club. It then became the "Eisenhower House" and the Summer White House. Today The Eisenhower House became part of Fort Adams State Park after the U.S. Navy transferred Fort Adams to the State of Rhode Island in 1964. The residence was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. It is used for weddings and other social events. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Newport County, Rhode Island List of residences of presidents of the United States References External links Rules for use/renting Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island Houses completed in 1873 Houses in Newport, Rhode Island National Register of Historic Places in Newport, Rhode Island Historic district contributing properties in Rhode Island 1873 establishments in Rhode Island

20464345

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010%20Mauritian%20general%20election

2010 Mauritian general election

General elections were held in Mauritius on 5 May 2010. The coalition comprising Mauritius Labour Party under Navin Ramgoolam, the Militant Socialist Movement under Pravind Jugnauth and the Mauritian Social Democrat Party under Xavier Luc Duval, won a majority with 41 seats in the parliament. The Mauritian Militant Movement-led coalition under Paul Berenger finished second with 18 seats. The Mauritian Solidarity Front won one seat and the Rodrigues Movement won the two remaining seats. The elections were the ninth to be held since independence from the United Kingdom in 1968. The Mauritius Labour Party, the Mauritian Social Democrat Party (PMSD) and the Militant Socialist Movement (MSM) formed an electoral coalition called Alliance de L'Avenir () for this election. Ramgoolam, the alliance leader, allotted 35 seats to his own party to compete for the 60 seats on the island, whereas the MSM was given 18 and the PMSD 7. Before the election, it appeared that Berenger might gain back the PM's post that he held from 2003 to 2005; he was the first prime minister since independence that was not of South Asian origin. Berenger led his own alliance of parties, known as the Alliance du Coeur (), a reference to the official logo of the Mauritian Militant Movement, by far the biggest party in that alliance. Parties based in Rodrigues compete for the two remaining seats, with the Rodrigues People's Organisation and the Rodrigues Movement being the main parties there. During the election, 62 seats in the National Assembly of Mauritius were contested with a further 8 seats to be designated by the electoral commission under a complex formula designed to keep a balance of ethnic groups in the parliament. The candidates must declare which ethnic group (Hindu, Muslim, Chinese or "general population") they belong to in order to run for a seat. In 2010, 104 of the candidates refused to do so, resulting in them being disqualified, leaving 529 candidates for the seats. Around 130 foreign observers, including some from the African Union and the Southern African Development Community, were present to monitor the voting process. Around 900,000 people were eligible to vote in the election. The main issues debated were economic and constitutional reform, fraud, corruption, drug trafficking and ethnicity. Paul Berenger accused the incumbent government of abusing the state-owned television station, the Mauritius Broadcasting Corporation, to influence voters. He also accused his political opponents of using communalism and of negatively drawing attention to his minority Franco-Mauritian ancestry to swing voters against him. The Alliance de l'Avenir obtained 49.31% of the total votes and 41 seats whereas the Alliance du Coeur seized 42.36% of votes and 18 seats. The remaining parties and independent candidates obtained 8.14% of the votes. From the 62 seats, only ten women were elected. After the Alliance de L'Avenir was declared winner of the poll, its leader, Navin Ramgoolam, mentioned that he would govern in the interest of every Mauritian so that no one would be left behind. He added that the priorities of his government were the improvement of road infrastructures, the security of the people, education, health and youth development. Paul Berenger, who conceded defeat after the election, said that members of his party would continue their fight for a better Mauritius. He claimed that this election had not been free and fair, attributing the defeat of his alliance to numerous factors including biased coverage of the election by the state-owned television station, more financial resources by his political opponents, communalism and the electoral system. However, he would be prepared to work with the government for electoral reform, especially because his alliance had obtained only 18 of the 62 seats despite seizing 43% of popular votes. On May 7, 2010, the Electoral Supervisory Commission made their decision on the non-elected candidates to occupy the 8 additional seats in the National Assembly based on the religious and ethnic declarations of the candidates not elected, a system referred to as the 'Best Loser system'. Exceptionally, instead of 8, only 7 candidates were designated. Per the normal procedure, 4 best loser seats are allotted to candidates not elected but having obtained the highest percentage of votes as a member of a political party. However, they had to be of an appropriate religion or ethnic to maintain a balance in the parliament. 4 other seats are to be allotted so as not to change the result of the election. The Alliance de L'Avenir was allotted 4 additional seats whereas the Alliance du Coeur obtained 2 additional seats. Whereas the Electoral Supervisory Commission had no problem in attributing one seat to one candidate of the Rodrigues People's Organisation, they had difficulty in choosing a candidate for the 8th seat, which normally has to be a Sino-Mauritian of one of the two other successful parties in this election. But given neither the Mauritian Solidarity Front nor the Rodrigues Movement had candidates of this community during this election, no candidate was named for the 8th additional seat. Observers from the African Union for this election declared that the Best Loser system is problematic for the national unity of the country though it can reinforce social cohesion. They also considered the 2010 Mauritian general elections to have been 'free and transparent'. Results References Elections in Mauritius Mauritius General election

17327032

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaff%20on%20the%20Wind

Chaff on the Wind

Chaff on the Wind (1986) is a novel by Ebou Dibba. Set in the Gambia during the 1930s, it was published by Macmillan of London. Plot summary Two young men, Dinding and Pateh, travel by ship from a rural village to the main city. Pateh is outgoing and reckless, with an eye for the ladies. Dinding is socially cautious, but sensible and possessing of business acumen. In the city, Dinding meets a young man, older than himself but not yet middle-aged, named James. James is a Christian and a very serious person. He becomes a major influence on Dinding. Pateh gets a job on the loading docks, and seduces a young girl named Isatou. Pateh is fond of fine and showy clothes. To maintain his clothing budget and his schedule with the ladies, Pateh begins working as a smuggler. Later, Isatou marries Charles, an old man who had never married before. He is the cousin of a Signare. Isatou does not feel close to Charles. After their marriage, Isatou finds herself pregnant with Pateh's child. The pair chooses to flee to Senegal. Dingding continues to prosper in business, and Pateh goes to work for Dinding. Pateh and Isatou become parents. While the child is still an infant, a French colonial policeman confronts Pateh with evidence of Pateh's criminal activities. Pateh sets the evidence on fire. During a fight with the policeman, the officer strikes a mortal blow. Pateh dies with his family by his side. 1986 novels Novels set in the Gambia Gambian novels Fiction set in the 1930s Macmillan Publishers books

17327035

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine%20B%C3%A9cl%C3%A8re

Antoine Béclère

Antoine Louis Gustave Béclère (17 March 1856, Paris - 24 February 1939), virologist, immunologist, was a pioneer in radiology. In 1897 he created the first laboratory of radiology in Paris. References French virologists French immunologists 1856 births 1939 deaths

17327090

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberta%20Heart%20Institute

Alberta Heart Institute

Alberta Heart Institute may refer to: Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Canada Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Canada

17327112

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics

Greek diacritics

Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacritics. Polytonic orthography () is the standard system for Ancient Greek and Medieval Greek. The acute accent (´), the circumflex (ˆ), and the grave accent (`) indicate different kinds of pitch accent. The rough breathing (῾) indicates the presence of the sound before a letter, while the smooth breathing (᾿) indicates the absence of . Since in Modern Greek the pitch accent has been replaced by a dynamic accent (stress), and was lost, most polytonic diacritics have no phonetic significance, and merely reveal the underlying Ancient Greek etymology. Monotonic orthography () is the standard system for Modern Greek. It retains two diacritics: a single accent or tonos (΄) that indicates stress, and the diaeresis ( ¨ ), which usually indicates a hiatus but occasionally indicates a diphthong: compare modern Greek (, "lamb chops"), with a diphthong, and (, "little children") with a simple vowel. A tonos and a diaeresis can be combined on a single vowel to indicate a stressed vowel after a hiatus, as in the verb (, "to feed"). Although it is not a diacritic, the hypodiastole (comma) has in a similar way the function of a sound-changing diacritic in a handful of Greek words, principally distinguishing (, "whatever") from (, "that"). History The original Greek alphabet did not have diacritics. The Greek alphabet is attested since the 8th century BC, and until 403 BC, variations of the Greek alphabet—which exclusively used what are now known as capitals—were used in different cities and areas. From 403 on, the Athenians decided to employ a version of the Ionian alphabet. With the spread of Koine Greek, a continuation of the Attic dialect, the Ionic alphabet superseded the other alphabets, known as epichoric, with varying degrees of speed. The Ionian alphabet, however, also only consisted of capitals. Introduction of breathings The rough and smooth breathings were introduced in classical times in order to represent the presence or absence of an in Attic Greek, which had adopted a form of the alphabet in which the letter Η (eta) was no longer available for this purpose as it was used to represent the long vowel . Introduction of accents During the Hellenistic period (3rd century BC), Aristophanes of Byzantium introduced the breathings—marks of aspiration (the aspiration however being already noted on certain inscriptions, not by means of diacritics but by regular letters or modified letters)—and the accents, of which the use started to spread, to become standard in the Middle Ages. It was not until the 2nd century AD that accents and breathings appeared sporadically in papyri. The need for the diacritics arose from the gradual divergence between spelling and pronunciation. Uncial script The majuscule, i.e., a system where text is written entirely in capital letters, was used until the 8th century, when the minuscule polytonic supplanted it. Grave accent rule By the Byzantine period, the modern rule which turns an acute accent (oxeia) on the last syllable into a grave accent (bareia)—except before a punctuation sign or an enclitic—had been firmly established. Certain authors have argued that the grave originally denoted the absence of accent; the modern rule is, in their view, a purely orthographic convention. Originally, certain proclitic words lost their accent before another word and received the grave, and later this was generalized to all words in the orthography. Others—drawing on, for instance, evidence from ancient Greek music—consider that the grave was "linguistically real" and expressed a word-final modification of the acute pitch. Stress accent In the later development of the language, the ancient pitch accent was replaced by an intensity or stress accent, making the three types of accent identical, and the sound became silent. Simplification At the beginning of the 20th century (official since the 1960s), the grave was replaced by the acute, and the iota subscript and the breathings on the rho were abolished, except in printed texts. Greek typewriters from that era did not have keys for the grave accent or the iota subscript, and these diacritics were also not taught in primary schools where instruction was in Demotic Greek. Official adoption of monotonic system Following the official adoption of the demotic form of the language, the monotonic orthography was imposed by law in 1982. The latter uses only the acute accent (or sometimes a vertical bar, intentionally distinct from any of the traditional accents) and diaeresis and omits the breathings. This simplification has been criticized on the grounds that polytonic orthography provides a cultural link to the past. Modern use of polytonic system Some individuals, institutions, and publishers continue to prefer the polytonic system (with or without grave accent), though an official reintroduction of the polytonic system does not seem probable. The Greek Orthodox church, the daily newspaper Estia, as well as books written in Katharevousa continue to use the polytonic orthography. Though the polytonic system was not used in Classical Greece, these critics argue that modern Greek, as a continuation of Byzantine and post-medieval Greek, should continue their writing conventions. Some textbooks of Ancient Greek for foreigners have retained the breathings, but dropped all the accents in order to simplify the task for the learner. Description Polytonic Greek uses many different diacritics in several categories. At the time of Ancient Greek, each of these marked a significant distinction in pronunciation. Monotonic orthography for Modern Greek uses only two diacritics, the tonos and diaeresis (sometimes used in combination) that have significance in pronunciation. Initial is no longer pronounced, and so the rough and smooth breathings are no longer necessary. The unique pitch patterns of the three accents have disappeared, and only a stress accent remains. The iota subscript was a diacritic invented to mark an etymological vowel that was no longer pronounced, so it was dispensed with as well. The transliteration of Greek names follows Latin transliteration of Ancient Greek; modern transliteration is different, and does not distinguish many letters and digraphs that have merged by iotacism. Accents The accents (, singular: ) are placed on an accented vowel or on the last of the two vowels of a diphthong (ά, but αί) and indicated pitch patterns in Ancient Greek. The precise nature of the patterns is not certain, but the general nature of each is known. The acute accent ( or "high") '' marked high pitch on a short vowel or rising pitch on a long vowel. The acute is also used on the first of two (or occasionally three) successive vowels in Modern Greek to indicate that they are pronounced together as a stressed diphthong. The grave accent ( or "low", modern varia) '' marked normal or low pitch. The grave was originally written on all unaccented syllables. By the Byzantine period it was only used to replace the acute at the end of a word if another accented word follows immediately without punctuation. The circumflex () '' marked high and falling pitch within one syllable. In distinction to the angled Latin circumflex, the Greek circumflex is printed in the form of either a tilde () or an inverted breve (). It was also known as "high-low" or "acute-grave", and its original form ( ) was from a combining of the acute and grave diacritics. Because of its compound nature, it only appeared on long vowels or diphthongs. Breathings The breathings were written over a vowel or ρ. The rough breathing (; Latin )—''—indicates a voiceless glottal fricative () before the vowel in Ancient Greek. In Greek grammar, this is known as aspiration. This is different from aspiration in phonetics, which applies to consonants, not vowels. Rho (Ρρ) at the beginning of a word always takes rough breathing, probably marking unvoiced pronunciation. In Latin, this was transcribed as rh. Upsilon (Υυ) at the beginning of a word always takes rough breathing. Thus, words from Greek begin with hy-, never with y-. The smooth breathing (; Latin )—''—marked the absence of . A double rho in the middle of a word was originally written with smooth breathing on the first rho and rough breathing on the second one (). In Latin, this was transcribed as rrh (diarrhoea or diarrhea). Coronis The coronis () marks a vowel contracted by crasis. It was formerly an apostrophe placed after the contracted vowel, but is now placed over the vowel and is identical to the smooth breathing. Unlike the smooth breathing, it often occurs inside a word. Subscript The iota subscript ()—''—is placed under the long vowels ᾱ, η, and ω to mark the ancient long diphthongs ᾱι, ηι, and ωι, in which the ι is no longer pronounced. Adscript Next to a capital, the iota subscript is usually written as a lower-case letter (Αι), in which case it is called iota adscript (). Diaeresis In Ancient Greek, the diaeresis ( or ) – – appears on the letters and to show that a pair of vowel letters is pronounced separately, rather than as a diphthong or as a digraph for a simple vowel. In Modern Greek, the diaeresis usually indicates that two successive vowels are pronounced separately (as in , "I trick, mock"), but occasionally, it marks vowels that are pronounced together as an unstressed diphthong rather than as a digraph (as in , "I boycott"). The distinction between two separate vowels and an unstressed diphthong is not always clear, although two separate vowels are far more common. The diaeresis can be combined with the acute, grave and circumflex but never with breathings, since the letter with the diaeresis cannot be the first vowel of the word. In Modern Greek, the combination of the acute and diaeresis indicates a stressed vowel after a hiatus. Vowel length In textbooks and dictionaries of Ancient Greek, the macron—''—and breve—''—are often used over , , and to indicate that they are long or short, respectively. Nonstandard diacritics Caron In some modern non-standard orthographies of Greek dialects, such as Cypriot Greek and Griko, a caron (ˇ) may be used on some consonants to show a palatalized pronunciation. They are not encoded as precombined characters in Unicode, so they are typed by adding the to the Greek letter. Latin diacritics on Greek letters may not be supported by many fonts, and as a fall-back a caron may be replaced by an iota ⟨ι⟩ following the consonant. Examples of Greek letters with a combining caron and their pronunciation: ζ̌ , κ̌ or , λ̌ , ν̌ , ξ̌ , π̌ , σ̌ ς̌ , τ̌ , τζ̌ or , τσ̌ τς̌ or , ψ̌ . Dot above A dot diacritic was used above some consonants and vowels in Karamanli Turkish, which was written with the Greek alphabet. Position in letters Diacritics are written above lower-case letters and at the upper left of capital letters. In the case of a digraph, the second vowel takes the diacritics. A breathing diacritic is written to the left of an acute or grave accent but below a circumflex. Accents are written above a diaeresis or between its two dots. Diacritics are only written on capital letters if they are at the beginning of a word with the exception of the diaeresis, which is always written. Diacritics can be found above capital letters in medieval texts. Examples Computer encoding There have been problems in representing polytonic Greek on computers, and in displaying polytonic Greek on computer screens and printouts, but these have largely been overcome by the advent of Unicode and appropriate fonts. IETF language tag The IETF language tags have registered subtag codes for the different orthographies: for monotonic Greek. for polytonic Greek. Unicode While the tónos of monotonic orthography looks similar to the oxeîa of polytonic orthography in most fonts, Unicode has historically separate symbols for letters with these diacritics. For example, the monotonic "Greek small letter alpha with tónos" is at U+03AC, while the polytonic "Greek small letter alpha with oxeîa" is at U+1F71. The monotonic and polytonic accent however have been de jure equivalent since 1986, and accordingly the oxeîa diacritic in Unicode decomposes canonically to the monotonic tónos—both are underlyingly treated as equivalent to the multiscript acute accent, U+0301, since letters with oxia decompose to letters with tonos, which decompose in turn to base letter plus multiscript acute accent. For example: U+1F71 GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH OXIA ➔ U+03AC GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH TONOS ➔ U+03B1 GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA, U+0301 COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT. Below are the accented characters provided in Unicode. In the uppercase letters, the iota adscript may appear as subscript depending on font. Upper case Lower case See also Acute accent Voiceless glottal fricative Diaeresis – Synaeresis Greek language Koine Greek phonology Modern Greek grammar Greek alphabet Greek language question Greek ligatures Greek braille Greek minuscule Textual criticism Aristarchian symbols Obelism Dagger (typography) Greek numerals Attic numerals Isopsephy Ancient Greek Musical Notation Byzantine Musical Symbols References Further reading Panayotakis is critical of the adoption of monotonic, and also provides a useful historical sketch. See also: . External links General information: Accentuation history and tutorial Citizens' Movement for the Reintroduction of the Polytonic System, in Greek and English How the law to abandon polytonic orthography was passed in the Greek parliament, in Greek Greek polytonic to monotonic converter (free online tool) Program that converts (correct) written monotonic texts into polytonic texts Polytonic Greek fonts: Greek Font Society public domain polytonic fonts Public domain Greek polytonic unicode fonts Athena, public domain polytonic Greek font How-to guides for polytonic keyboard layouts: Google Docs guide for Linux Covers installation of layouts, use of dead-keys etc. Updated to 2010. Diacritics Diacritics Diacritics Diacritics Orthographies by language Orthography Spelling reform Keyboard layouts

20464385

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob%20Eichholtz

Jacob Eichholtz

Jacob Eichholtz (1776–1842) was an early American painter, known primarily for his portraits in the Romantic Victorian tradition. Born in Lancaster, Pennsylvania in a family of prosperous Pennsylvania Germans, he spent most of his professional life in Philadelphia. A coppersmith by trade, he turned to painting and achieved both recognition and success despite being mainly self-taught as an artist. He is known to have painted over 800 portraits over the course of 35 years. Hundreds of his works are housed in art museums, historical societies, and private collections throughout the United States. Early life He was born to Leonard and Catharine Eichholtz, who owned and run the Bull's Head Tavern on East King Street in Lancaster; his father took part in the American Revolutionary War. At age 11, Jacob with his brothers attended the English School at Franklin College in Lancaster where he learned the three Rs — reading, 'riting and 'rithmetic. He also took lessons from a sign painter since his parents noticed his inclination to draw, but eventually he was apprenticed as a coppersmith. After his apprenticeship ended, he started as a tinsmith working with sheet iron. By 1805, Eichholtz opened his own shop in Lancaster where he, "mended sugar boxes, tinned copper kettles, and made coffee pots, wash basins, lanterns, stills, and funnels." Eichholtz married Catharine Hatz Michael (1770–1817), a young widow with two children; they had four children of their own, Caroline, Catharine Maria, Rubens Mayer, and Margaret Amelia. In 1818, he married Catharine Trissler of Lancaster, and they had nine children, Edward, Anna Maria, Elizabeth Susanna, Benjamin West, Angelica Kauffman, Rebecca, Henry, Robert Lindsay, and Lavallyn Barry. From tinsmith to painter From 1808 to 1812, Eichholtz hired several workers to work in the shop, and devoted most of his time to offering his fellow Lancastrians, at first, painted tinware, and then, small profile portraits on wood panels, in order to diversify his business and satisfy his passion for drawing. After developing his abilities as profile painter and gaining enough clients to sustain his family, Eichholtz decided to make painting his main vocation. In 1808, Eichholtz advertised that he "executes Portraits and Profile paintings" in the Lancaster's Intelligencer and Weekly Advertiser. In his own words, "I commenced the coppersmith business on my own account, with pretty good luck; still the more agreeable love of painting continually haunted me." Two already established painters, James Peale and Thomas Sully, influenced Eichholtz. In 1808, James Peale visited Lancaster and became acquainted with Eichholtz, who commissioned Peale his portrait. Thomas Sully befriended Eichholtz when he was visiting Lancaster on business and accepted his invitation to work in his painting room. At that time, Sully was not impressed by Eichholtz's attempts in painting calling them hideous; however, he left him his brushes as a gift before leaving Lancaster. Later, Sully wrote that he was surprised and gratified to see how much Eichholtz's painting skills improved, and that, "Eichholtz would have made a first-rate painter had he began early in life with the usual advantages." During the winter of 1811–1812, Eichholtz traveled to Boston where he spent several weeks at the studio of Gilbert Stuart copying his works under Stuart's supervision. Stuart encouraged Eichholtz to continue painting. In 1815, Eichholtz sold his business and turned to painting. In 1820, he visited Baltimore to fulfill portrait commissions; he also worked in Pittsburgh and Delaware. In 1823, Eichholtz moved to Philadelphia where he, as he later wrote, faced both, "an incessant practice of ten years, and constant employment." He was exhibiting with the Society of Artists at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. Later life and death Eichholtz relocated back to Lancaster in 1830 where he died in 1842. He and his family were originally interred at Holy Trinity Lutheran Church on South Duke Street in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. In the early 1850s, Holy Trinity Church sought to expand its churchyard, so the church relocated the majority of gravestones and the remains to the new Woodward Hill Cemetery, Lot 33 of Area B, including the remains of Eichholtz and his family. Eichholtz was reburied in the same grave together with both of his wives and their children. By 2014, Eichholtz's gravestone, which was made of marble, had deteriorated due to age and acid rain, rendering the inscription illegible. Local historians have called for the restoration of his headstone, as well as the installation of a brass plaque at the grave site to mark his achievements. Recognition For decades the artistic legacy of Jacob Eichholtz was overlooked. As time passed, a reassessment of the significance of his achievements took place and "his portraits of Thaddeus Stevens and James Buchanan are generally accepted as the best that were done of these statesmen." Gallery References Further reading Hensel, W. U. Jacob Eichholtz, Painter: Some "loose Leaves" from the Ledger of an Early Lancaster Artist. An Address Delivered at the Opening of an Exposition of the Evolution of Portraiture in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, Under the Auspices of the Lancaster County Historical Society and the Iris Club. Lancaster, Pa: Press of the Brecht printing Co, 1912. Rebecca Beal papers, 1949-1982, Eichholtz's great-granddaughter, The Smithsonian Archives of American Art Milley, John Calvin. Jacob Eichholtz, 1776–1842, Pennsylvania Portraitist. Master's thesis, University of Delaware, 1960. External links Thomas R. Ryan. Jacob Eichholtz (1776-1842), Lancaster County Historical Society List of Jacob Eichholtz Portrait Subjects 1776 births 1842 deaths 18th-century American painters 18th-century American male artists American male painters 19th-century American painters American portrait painters Artists from Lancaster, Pennsylvania Artists from Philadelphia Burials at Woodward Hill Cemetery 19th-century American male artists

20464397

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Mexican%20legislative%20election

2009 Mexican legislative election

Legislative elections were held in Mexico on 5 July 2009. Voters elected 500 new deputies (300 by their respective constituencies, 200 by proportional representation) to sit in the Chamber of Deputies for the 61st Congress. Opinion polls Opinion polling, by pollster Demotecnia, that was taken less than a month before the election showed the Institutional Revolutionary Party with 36%, the National Action Party with 31%, and the Party of the Democratic Revolution with 16%. Voto en blanco A none of the above movement, dubbed "voto en blanco", or "blank vote", had arisen in response to the perceived corruption of the three major parties running in this election. Starting as a small group on blogs and YouTube, the movement had expanded its ranks, with politicians and intellectuals, such as Jose Antonio Crespo, supporting the movement. Pollster Demotecnia showed that 3% of the people would be willing to boycott the elections in response to the "voto en blanco" movement. Opposition to the movement came from organizations such as the Federal Electoral Institute, a government institute who seeks to expand voter participation, who claimed that the response to an unsatisfactory democracy is not to have fewer people vote but to have more people involved in the electoral process. Results References Mexico Legislative election Legislative elections in Mexico July 2009 events in Mexico

17327122

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan%20God%C3%ADnez

Juan Godínez

Juan Godíñez (1517 - 1571) Conquistador Juan Godínez, was born in the city of Úbeda, Spain. He came to the Americas in 1532. After coming to Peru, he campaigned with Diego de Almagro in Chile. He later served in Peru in the subjugation of Manco Inca, and in the expeditions of the captains Pedro de Candia and Diego de Rojas. Afterward, he returned to Chile in 1540 with Pedro de Valdivia serving in the wars of the Conquest of Chile until the arrival of García Hurtado de Mendoza. He was captain of cavalry during the campaign against Lautaro in 1556 where, after the Battle of Peteroa, his company pursued the retreating Mapuche and destroyed a detachment of Lautaro's army near the Maule River. In 1557 his command defending Santiago joined that of the Governor Francisco de Villagra to destroy Lautaro's army in the Battle of Mataquito. He then served in the army of García Hurtado de Mendoza in his campaign during the Arauco War in southern Chile. He was an encomendero of Choapa. He was a regidor of Santiago, Chile in 1550, 1554 and 1556. He married Catalina de la Cueva in 1557 and had eight children. His mestiza daughter, Leonor Godínez, married Don Juan Hurtado, notary public of Serena and Santiago. He died in 1571. References Sources Jerónimo de Vivar, Crónica y relación copiosa y verdadera de los reinos de Chile (Chronicle and abundant and true relation of the kingdoms of Chile) ARTEHISTORIA REVISTA DIGITAL; Crónicas de América (on line in Spanish) de Góngora Marmolejo, Alonso, Historia de Todas las Cosas que han Acaecido en el Reino de Chile y de los que lo han gobernado (1536-1575) (History of All the Things that Have happened in the Kingdom of Chile and of those that have governed it (1536-1575)), University of Chile: Document Collections in complete texts: Cronicles (on line in Spanish) XXII. De cómo vino de el audiencia de lo reyes proveído Villagra por corregidor de todo el reino, y de lo que hizo José Toribio Medina, Colección de documentos inéditos para la historia de Chile, Vols. 6-7, IV.— Información de senidos de Alonso López de la Eaigada, vecino de la ciudad de Santiago de Chile. (Archivo de Indias, Patronato, 1-5-34/18), Vols. 6-7 published by Impr. y Encuadernacido Barcelona; v.8-30 by Impr. Elzeviriana., 1901. Mariño de Lobera, Pedro, Crónica del Reino de Chile, escrita por el capitán Pedro Mariño de Lobera....reducido a nuevo método y estilo por el Padre Bartolomé de Escobar. Edición digital a partir de Crónicas del Reino de Chile Madrid, Atlas, 1960, pp. 227-562, (Biblioteca de Autores Españoles ; 569-575). Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes (on line in Spanish) Capítulo LIV: Cómo el capitán Lautaro fué sobre la ciudad de Santiago con un copioso ejército y tuvo dos batallas con los capitanes Diego Cano y Pedro de Villagrán Capítulo LV: De la batalla que el general Francisco de Villagrán y los capitanes Alonso de Escobar y Juan Gudines dieron a Lautaro, donde perdió la vida, en el valle de Mataquito Diego Barros Arana, Historia general de Chile, Tomo Primero José Toribio Medina, Diccionario Biográfico Colonial de Chile, Imprenta Elzeviriana, Santiago, 1906, Juan Godíñez pg. 348. Spanish conquistadors Spanish generals Encomenderos Viceroyalty of Peru people Captaincy General of Chile Colonial Peru 1571 deaths 1517 births 16th-century Peruvian people

17327124

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vamaj

Vamaj

Vamaj is a small village situated near Kadi (a town known for its oil industry) and Kalol. Its Panchayat code is 162352. It is also famous for Shri Vamaj Tirth, a temple belonging to the Jain religion. The idol of Dada Adishvar in the temple belongs to the times of king Samprati References Villages in Mehsana district

17327234

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee%20International

Lee International

Lee Electric (Lighting) Ltd was incorporated as a business in 1961 by John and Benny Lee, two film lighting electricians. Lee Electric was primarily involved in the rental of lighting equipment for commercial and documentary productions, as all principal film and television studios were at the time equipped with their own lighting equipment. From 1961 to 1985 Although the lighting rental market grew throughout the 1960s, largely due to the impact of commercial television, the market was dominated by a single manufacturer of lighting equipment, Mole-Richardson (England) Ltd, which was also the largest rental house. Lee Electric was founded as SunBurst Lighting by electrical engineer Bill Burst in 1961. In 1967 Lee Electric started to purchase lighting equipment from the Italian manufacturer, Ianiro, which was itself attempting to establish a foothold in the international market. In addition, Lee Filters was formed to design, market and, from 1974, to manufacture lighting filters. Also in 1967, BBC2 began to transmit in colour, with BBC1 and ITV following in 1969. The introduction of colour broadcasts entailed a substantial increase in the amount of lighting needed in studios as well as on location. With a major increase in the amount of equipment available to it as a result of purchasing Ianiro equipment, Lee Electric was able to tender for and to win a five-year contract with the BBC for the supply of lighting equipment for U.K. television outside broadcasts. The contract, which was retained by Lee Electric for many more years necessitated further substantial investment in equipment and established Lee Electric's leading reputation and position in the lighting rental market. The contract was gained from Mole Richardson (England) Ltd, which was ultimately acquired by Lee Electric in 1975, and subsequently extended to 1990. In 1968, Lee Electric purchased a site in North Kensington, which was converted to provide premises for the lighting equipment rental business and a three-stage film studio. Lee Electric was able to compete with the major U.K. studios because it offered its stages on a 'four wall' basis, that is without the requirement to use the studio's labour and equipment. Significant feature films made at the Kensington studios included A Touch of Class (1973) and The Who rock opera, Tommy (1975). In the same year Lee Electric acquired Telefilm Lighting Services Ltd, a competitor, thereby further increasing the quantity of equipment that Lee Electric could provide and expanding its range of marketing contracts. To enhance the services offered to the television companies, Lee Scaffolding Ltd was formed in 1969 to hire scaffolding for rigging lighting equipment for television outside broadcasts. Stagemate Ltd was also established to provide scaffolding to film production companies. Lee Electric (Northern) Ltd was formed in 1972, primarily to service the lighting requirements of the BBC in the North of U.K. It then became a major rental house in its own right. In 1974, Lee Enterprises Ltd was formed to act as a bulk buyer of consumable items, principally for the rest of the Lee Group but also as a wholesaler to third parties. In 1975 Joe Dunton Cameras Ltd was formed to provide a camera rental service to the film industry. In 1977, Lee Electric moved to Lee International Film Studios, Wembley (later known as Fountain Studios). Over the two year following the studios acquisition, Lee Electric completely refurbished and refitted these studios for film and television productions and commercials. By 1979, Lee Electric had established working relationships with a number of U.S. film production companies whose lighting requirements outside of the U.S.A were serviced by Lee Electric and who used Wembley Studios. In that year Lee Electric took the strategic step of opening a lighting rental house in New York City. The establishment of Lee Lighting America was coupled with the acquisition of Belden, a New York-based distributor and selling agent for film and television equipment, which had been the exclusive U.S. distributor for Lee Filters since 1976. In January, 1986 a second rental house was opened in Los Angeles. In August 1984, Lee Electric acquired the Shepperton Film Studios complex. In October 1984, a new holding Company, Media Technology International PLC, was formed to acquire Lee Filters and Joe Dunton Cameras and admission was obtained to the Unlisted Securities Market on the London Stock Exchange. At that time, Lee Electric and John and Benny Lee owned in aggregate 59.3 per cent. of MTI's issued share capital. It was considered that the allied but self-contained activities of Lee Filters and Joe Dunton Cameras could be more successfully developed under its own management and with direct access to the capital markets. In June, 1984, Joe Dunton Cameras had established a subsidiary in the U.S.A. In June 1985, Lee Electric acquired Colortran, a U.S. manufacturer of lighting products, with a U.K. branch in Norfolk. Its products included advanced computerised dimming control systems and specialist lights for theatres and architectural applications. Through this acquisition the Lee Group secured an international network of distributors and agents. In November 1985, MTI acquired Mitchell Camera Corporation, which was based in Los Angeles and was one of the oldest manufacturers of film cameras. The acquisition reduced the Lee Group's interest in MTI to 53.9%, which was further reduced to 29.9 per cent. As part of the reorganisation that took place prior to the Offer for Sale. Lee International was formed in May 1985, and is now the holding company for the Lee Group. In November 1985, Lee International made a recommended cash offer for a listed company, Humphries Holdings PLC, which rents lighting equipment in Europe, manufactures low voltage lighting, operates music recording studios and duplicated video tapes. The offer was declared unconditional on 5 December 1985 at which date it had been accepted in respect of shares representing 94.2% of the issued share capital. Financials 1981-1987 Geographical Analysis 1985 profit include £450,000 exceptional item largely due from an insurance claim for rental assets destroyed in a fire at Pinewood Studios, over their book value. 1981-1985 Class of Business Analysis 1986-1987 Class of Business Analysis Associated company figures are for Lee's investment income from Media Technology International PLC Acquisition of Colortran In June 1985 Lee announced that it had completed the takeover of Colortran, a film and television lighting equipment manufacturer with operations in Burbank California USA and Thetford England. In a deal reported to be worth around £3.7 million, Lee paid £850,000 in cash and the rest was to service Colortran's existing debt finance. Lee bought 85 per cent. of Colortran whilst Ken Boyda Colortran's UK chief executive retained a 15 per cent. stake, Lee later acquired this outstanding 15 per cent. in December 1985 in exchange for shares. In contracts dated 16 May 1985, Lee acquired 85% of the issued share capital of Colortran Holdings Inc from its US parent company Forward Technology Industries Inc. for cash sums of $601,800 and £345,950. Lee also contracted through Colortran to buy of land with office and factory buildings at Thetford Norfolk England for £460,000 cash. The manufacturing business was renamed Lee Colortran and saw the factory at Thetford refurbished whilst Lee International's site at Kearsley, Bolton became the northern England manufacturing base for Lee Colortran where a factory also undertook research and development of new electronic lighting control equipment. In North America was leased for office space, factory and warehousing, split between two sites in Burbank California. Acquisition of Humphries Holdings PLC Lee announced in October 1985 that it had agreed a cash offer to acquire rental and services group Humphries Holdings PLC, valuing it at £2.5 million. The offer of 33.5 pence per ordinary share was accepted by majority shareholder BET plc, holding 75% of Humphries issued share capital. Lee's offer was a 20 per cent premium over Humphries recent mid market share price of 28 pence. Humphries made an attributable loss of £2.46 million to the year ending March 1985 on turnover of £14.22 million. Operating under the Mole-Richardson name Humphries ran two European film and television lighting rental houses located in France and Spain. The French subsidiary also manufactured low voltage lighting for architectural and display purposes, many of its low voltage lights being installed in shops; hotels; banks and numerous other buildings. Mole-Richardson had a showroom in Whitfield Street London selling their low voltage lights. Humphries had recently closed and sold off its film laboratory interests however it retained a video duplication operation based in London. Humphries also ran CTS Recording Studios a sound and music recording studio based in Wembley. Two consequences of the Humphries takeover were firstly to delay the imminent public flotation of Lee International PLC, allowing Lee time to prepare and publish its offer document to include the Humphries acquisition figures. Secondly the acquisition of Humphries brought about a significant change in the makeup of the Lee International board of directors, bringing in John Davey and Colin Wills in the non-executive positions of chairman and director respectively. The appointment of these two senior executives to board of Lee, who both had a long track record of working in executive roles for quoted companies, would significantly enhance the Lee boardroom. Lee's finance director David Mindel was quoted in the 25 October 1985, issue of Broadcast periodical commenting on the acquisition. "We had to choose between buying Humphries Holdings when the opportunity occurred or postponing our flotation plans, really, there was no choice, Humphries is too good an opportunity to pass up. Its figures will be included in Lee results when we go public next spring." Acquisition of Panavision Lee International PLC announced on 3 September 1987 that it had made an offer of $100 million (£61 million) for Panavision, the Hollywood manufacturer and renter of motion picture cameras and lenses. At that time it was estimated Panavision had a stock of some 700 movie cameras only available for rental from Panavision offices or through agents. Panavision estimated that its cameras were used on 35% of worldwide feature film production. In 1986 it had a turnover of $29.07 million and made a pre–tax profit of $2.5 million. Simultaneously, Lee's management were organising a buyout of Lee International PLC, worth £198 million to take the company private just 18 months after its £85 million flotation in April 1986, which valued Lee's shares at £1.80. Lee International's shareholders were offered £3.60 a share in cash or one ordinary share in a new holding company called Westward Communications Ltd for every Lee share held. Lee's shares rose sharply on the news gaining 68p to finish at £3.38 on the day. The Financial Times reported in October 1987, that virtually all the non-management shareholders in Lee International had accepted the cash offer of £3.60 accounting for 32.7 per cent of Lee shares. Lee International PLC had 55,108,720 ordinary shares in issue as stated in their 1987 Annual Report, of this figure John Lee owned 14,102,892 and his brother Benny slightly more with 14,137,892. Lee's financial director, David J Mindel owned 1,374,797 shares with other senior management holding a total of 824,318 Lee shares. This gave Lee's management control over 30,438,901, just over 55% of the voting shares in the company. The Westward buy-out was formulated after the London Stock Exchange voiced concern about Panavision's short independent life, having only recently been bought by its management in 1985 from Warner Communications, and its comparable size to Lee International, the purchase of the camera company would represent around 30 per cent of the two names joining forces. Lee's purchase of Panavision looked thwarted from the very beginning; instigated by the London Stock Exchange, Lee's management were forced into buying back stock that had sold for £1.80 in a stock market flotation in April 1986, only 18 months earlier and it now was faced with the prospect of paying £3.60 for these shares facilitated by the new buy-out vehicle Westward Communications Ltd. Arguments were made that Lee was paying twice over for Panavision. Westward's purchase of both Lee and Panavision would cost a staggering $340 million, this was almost twice the estimated assets of the combined group. Finance for the two deals was provided by Citicorp Industrial Credit and another $10 million from parties connected with Lee's management. Westward intended to seek a US listing for its shares within 18 months of the deal that was struck in September 1987 and a return to the London market would be considered too. It was estimated at the time that Westward would have a market value in the region of £400 million. Lee was purchasing Panavision from Frederick W "Ted" Field's Interscope Communications Inc. The purchase price of $100 million cash with Lee assuming Panavision's $47 million debt was substantially higher than the $52.5 million Field paid Warner Communications for the company back in 1984. Lee's takeover of Panavision was hit by two significant events that impacted heavily on their acquisition. Firstly, within eight weeks of the Panavision purchase world stock markets suffered what is now known as Black Monday, where stock markets crashed on 19 October 1987, throughout the world. The following global financial crisis put paid to plans for Westward Communications seeking a public listing on the New York Stock Exchange within 18 months of the deal. Secondly, 1988 saw the Writers Guild of America on strike for close on 22 weeks, from 7 March through 7 August. The strike affected the making of many American television series and to a lesser extent Hollywood movie production. Panavision's revenue experienced a major downturn during this time, a report in the Los Angeles Times in August 1988 estimated Panavision sales had fallen 20% that year primarily due to the five-month writers strike. Financial Crisis By early 1988, Lee International, with its heavy debt burden, had hit serious financial difficulties. It was in default on the $340 million loan, having insufficient cash to the meet interest payments. In August, 1988 a spokesman for Citicorp, which led a syndicate of 17 international banks to fund both Lee's purchase of Panavision and buyout vehicle Westward Communications Ltd, announced that the Lee group of companies was indeed in crisis. Further news emerged around this time that brothers John and Benny Lee, who founded the company in the early 1960s, had resigned as directors of the group's parent company even though they remained majority shareholders. Within weeks of these developments US based Warburg Pincus Capital LP, a private equity company, was approached by Citicorp to engage in restructuring Lee's debt. Warburg stepped in investing $60 million in a new company Lee Panavision International Inc, which assumed Westward's $340 million debt. Under the deal, Lee Panavision International would acquire all Lee Group assets except for the UK lighting operation Lee Lighting Ltd. However, Lee Panavision International had an option to purchase Lee Lighting exercisable at any time until 17 December 1990, furthermore Lee Panavision entered into a management agreement of Lee Lighting. In December 1988, Warburg Pincus appointed William C Scott as chairman, president and CEO of Lee Panavision International Inc. Scott finally succeeded in taking the Panavision Inc. public in 1996 and remained with Lee Panavision until his resignation in January 1999. Companies based in the London Borough of Brent Business services companies established in 1961

23571388

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garena

Garena

Garena is a Singaporean game developer and publisher of free online games. It is the digital entertainment arm of parent company Sea Ltd, which was formerly named Garena. The company distributes game titles on Garena+ in various countries across Southeast Asia and Taiwan, including the multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) games League of Legends and Heroes of Newerth, the online football (soccer) game FIFA Online 3, the first-person shooter game Point Blank, the mobile MOBA game Arena of Valor and the mobile racing game Speed Drifters. In 2017, it released Garena Free Fire, which had over 150 million daily active users globally as of May 2021. History Game developments In November 2011, Garena announced its publishing rights for the team-based shooter game, Firefall, in Southeast Asia and Taiwan. In December 2011, Garena announced their collaboration with online games developer, Changyou, to publish and operate the popular 3D martial arts game, Duke of Mount Deer, in Taiwan. The game was the first MMORPG game available through Garena+. The game combines a classic Chinese story with the latest 3D rendering technology and cinematic quality graphics. Duke of Mount Deer was created by several top online-gaming experts from China and South Korea and has gained much popularity in China. The same month, the "Dominion" game mode for Garena's League of Legends players in Singapore and Malaysia. In 2012, it launched its first product, Garena+, an online game and social platform for people to discover, download and play online games. In 2014, the World Startup Report valued Garena as a 1 billion internet company and ranked it as the largest internet company in Singapore. Recent updates In March 2015, the Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan (OTPP), one of the largest pension funds in the world, invested in Garena, valuing the company at over US$2.5 billion. In May 2017, Garena was renamed to Sea Limited. However, Garena was retained as a brand name of Sea Limited (aka Sea Group). In October 2017, Sea Limited filed for an initial public offering on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and aimed to raise US$1 billion. Before the IPO, Tencent was the major shareholder of Sea Limited, for around 20% of outstanding shares and is currently at 18.7%. It was followed by Blue Dolphins Venture, established by Forrest Li, for 15%. Li personally owned 20% shares, and Chief Technology Officer, Gang Ye, 10%. In January 2021, Garena acquired Vancouver-based Phoenix Labs, the developers of Dauntless. The acquisition did not affect the operations of Phoenix Labs or Dauntless, but helped Garena expand its international presence. As of the second quarter of 2021, Garena recorded 725 million active users, 45% more than the year prior, while the number of paid users grew 85% year-on-year, reaching 92 million. The outlook for Garena is expected to decline in 2022, after reports in March 2022 suggested that Garena will post US$2.9 to US$3.1 billion in bookings for the year, down from US$4.6 billion in 2021. The muted forecast would be Garena's first decline in business ever. The ban imposed on its Free Fire title in India across both Google Play and Apple app stores has been cited as a contributory factor. Products Garena+ is an online game and social platform that has an interface similar to instant messaging platforms. Garena+ allows gamers to develop buddy lists, chat with friends online and check on game progress and achievements. Gamers can create their own unique identity by customizing their avatar or changing their names. Gamers are also able to form groups or clans, and chat with multiple gamers simultaneously through public or private channels through Garena+. Garena+ users use a virtual currency, Shells. Other products include BeeTalk, TalkTalk. Events and tournaments In May 2012, Garena launched the Garena Premier League (GPL), a six-month-long online professional gaming league with more than 100 matches to be played. The first season of GPL is a League of Legends competition which comprises six professional teams. The teams are Bangkok Titans (Thailand), Kuala Lumpur Hunters (Malaysia), Manila Eagles (Philippines), Saigon Jokers (Vietnam), Taipei Assassins (Taiwan) and Singapore Sentinels (Singapore), which represent top players from respective countries. GPL matches are captured and broadcast online along with commentaries, which are available for viewers to watch on the GPL official website. In January 2013, Garena announced the second season of the Garena Premier League, which would start on 4 January 2013. Garena Premier League 2013 includes two new teams from Taiwan and Vietnam, bringing the total number of teams to eight. The teams are: AHQ, Saigon Fantastic Five, Bangkok Titans, Kuala Lumpur Hunters, Manila Eagles, Saigon Jokers, Taipei Assassins and Singapore Sentinels. In November 2014, the Garena e-Sports Stadium, a dedicated venue for esports, opened in Neihu District, Taipei. The studio was built partially to accommodate the beginning of the League of Legends Masters Series, the top-level Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macau LoL league that was spin-off of the GPL. In January 2015, Garena launched Iron Solari League, a women's League of Legends tournament in the Philippines. It is a monthly event organized in the second half of each month. It aims to encourage participation by under-represented groups and is open to all those who self-identify as female. Besides competitive tournaments, Garena also organizes events to cater to users to meet and connect offline. This includes the annual Garena Carnival held in Singapore and Malaysia. Controversies On 3 February 2015, Garena eSports announced limitations on the number of gay and transgender people participating in a women-only League of Legends tournament, due to concerns that LGBT participants might have an "unfair advantage". This led to gamers questioning the decision, while League of Legends developer Riot Games responded that "LGBT players are welcome at official LoL tourneys". On 4 February 2015, Garena apologized and subsequently removed the restrictions. Published games Garena provides a platform for game titles such as Defense of the Ancients and Age of Empires, and also publishes games, like multiplayer online battle arena games League of Legends, Heroes of Newerth, Free Fire, Call of Duty and Black Shot for players in the region. Garena-published games: See also List of game companies in Singapore References External links Official website (Indonesian) Official website (Taiwan) 2009 establishments in Singapore Android (operating system) games Companies of Singapore iOS games Mass media companies established in 2009 Multiplayer video game services Singaporean brands Singaporean social networking websites Video game companies established in 2009

20464429

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Dawson%20%28musician%29

John Dawson (musician)

John Collins Dawson IV (June 16, 1945 – July 21, 2009), nicknamed "Marmaduke", was an American musician, singer, and songwriter. He was best known as the leader and co-founder of the country rock band the New Riders of the Purple Sage. He sang lead vocals on most of the band’s songs. Musical career John Dawson was born in Chicago. His family moved to California in 1952. The son of a Los Altos Hills, California filmmaker, he took guitar lessons from a teacher and friend from the Peninsula School in Menlo Park, California. For high school he attended the Millbrook School near Millbrook, New York. While at Millbrook, he took courses in music theory & history and sang in the glee club. Dawson's musical career began in the mid-1960s folk music scene in the San Francisco Bay Area. There he met fellow guitarist David Nelson, and was part of the rotating lineup of Mother McCree's Uptown Jug Champions, a jug band that included Jerry Garcia and several other future members of the Grateful Dead. Dawson was also heavily influenced by the Bakersfield sound genre of country music. After a stint at Occidental College, Dawson remained in the Los Angeles metropolitan area for several years. By 1969, Dawson had returned to Los Altos Hills to attend courses at Foothill College. Along with Nelson, he also contributed to the sessions for Aoxomoxoa, the Grateful Dead's third studio album. He also began to write a number of country rock songs, a development coinciding with Garcia's newfound interest in playing pedal steel guitar. Joined by Nelson, they formed the New Riders of the Purple Sage. The New Riders became the opening act for the Grateful Dead, and their original lineup included three Grateful Dead members — Garcia on pedal steel, Phil Lesh on bass, and Mickey Hart on drums. Within a year, Dave Torbert replaced Lesh and Spencer Dryden replaced Hart in the New Riders lineup, with Garcia continuing to play in both bands. In 1970 and 1971, the New Riders and the Grateful Dead performed many concerts together. In November 1971, Buddy Cage replaced Jerry Garcia as the New Riders' pedal steel player, allowing NRPS to tour independently of the Dead. During this same period, Dawson continued to appear as a guest musician on Grateful Dead studio albums, including Workingman's Dead (1970) and American Beauty (1970). With Jerry Garcia and Robert Hunter, he co-wrote the song "Friend of the Devil". In the years that followed, Dawson and Nelson led a gradually evolving lineup of musicians in the New Riders of the Purple Sage, playing their psychedelic influenced brand of country rock and releasing a number of studio and live albums. Songwriting duties were generally divided between Dawson (who grew gradually less prolific before enjoying a resurgence on the band's final studio album) and a succession of three bassists: Torbert, Skip Battin (best known for his work with the Clarence White-era Byrds) and Roger McGuinn Band veteran Stephen A. Love. In 1982, David Nelson and Buddy Cage left the band. John Dawson and the New Riders carried on without them, taking on more of a bluegrass influence with the addition of multi-instrumentalist Rusty Gauthier and singer/guitarist Gary Vogensen ( https://garyvogensen.com) to the group. NRPS continued to tour intermittently and released the occasional album. Then, in 1997, Dawson retired from the music business, moved to Mexico, and became an English teacher, and the New Riders disbanded. In 2005, David Nelson and Buddy Cage revived the New Riders of the Purple Sage, without Dawson's participation but with his agreement and moral support. Subsequently Dawson made several guest appearances at New Riders concerts. Dawson died in Mexico of stomach cancer on July 21, 2009. Notes References 1945 births 2009 deaths American expatriates in Mexico American rock guitarists American male guitarists Deaths from cancer in Mexico Deaths from stomach cancer 20th-century American guitarists New Riders of the Purple Sage members 20th-century American male musicians Musicians from Chicago

17327236

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secnidazole

Secnidazole

Secnidazole (trade names Flagentyl, Sindose, Secnil, Solosec) is a nitroimidazole anti-infective. Effectiveness in the treatment of dientamoebiasis has been reported. It has also been tested against Atopobium vaginae. In the United States, secnidazole is FDA approved for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis in adult women. References Further reading Nitroimidazole antibiotics Antiprotozoal agents

23571397

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C5%99e%C5%BEany%20I

Břežany I

Břežany I is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants. The Roman numeral in the name serves to distinguish it from the nearby municipality of the same name, Břežany II. Administrative parts The village of Chocenice is an administrative part of Břežany I. References Villages in Kolín District

23571398

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C5%99e%C5%BEany%20II

Břežany II

Břežany II is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 900 inhabitants. The Roman numeral in the name serves to distinguish it from the nearby municipality of the same name, Břežany I. References Villages in Kolín District

23571400

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%ADrkvice%20%28Kol%C3%ADn%20District%29

Církvice (Kolín District)

Církvice is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants. References Villages in Kolín District

23571401

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dob%C5%99ichov

Dobřichov

Dobřichov is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 800 inhabitants. References Villages in Kolín District

23571402

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doln%C3%AD%20Chvatliny

Dolní Chvatliny

Dolní Chvatliny is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants. Dolní Chvatliny is located southwest of Kolín and east of Prague. Administrative parts Villages of Horní Chvatliny and Mančice are administrative parts of Dolní Chvatliny. History The first written mention of Chvatliny, when Dolní Chvatliny and Horní Chvatliny have not yet been distinguished, is from 1250. References Villages in Kolín District

20464442

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Portuguese%20legislative%20election

2009 Portuguese legislative election

The 2009 Portuguese legislative election was held on 27 September, to renew all 230 members of the Assembly of the Republic. The Socialist Party, led by incumbent Prime Minister José Sócrates, won the largest number of seats, but didn't repeat the overall majority they gained in 2005. The Socialist Party of Prime Minister José Sócrates came in first despite losing 9% of the vote and 24 seats. In these elections there were approximately 9.5 million Portuguese at home and abroad called to determine the 230 seats in the Assembleia da República and 18th constitutional government in Portugal after 1976. The Socialists won the election with a clear lead over the conservative Social Democrats, with big gains for the People's Party and for the Left Bloc. The election took place during the regular end of the previous four-year legislative period. From 2005 to 2009 ruled by the Socialist Party (PS), led by José Sócrates, with an absolute majority. The opinion polls at the beginning of the official election campaign on 12 September 2009, showed a too close to call race between the Socialists and the conservative Social Democrats, but just days before the election the Socialists increased their lead over the Social Democrats. A total of 13 parties and two coalitions competed in this election. Focus of the campaign was the impact of global economic, the financial crisis and the construction of new infrastructure projects, including the high-speed rail link Lisbon-Madrid and Lisbon-Porto-Vigo, and the new Lisbon airport. Neither of the two major parties won an absolute majority in the Assembly of the Republic, so, the future prime minister had to form a coalition, or at least rely on other parties to govern. In that case, José Sócrates was in a better position than Manuela Ferreira Leite, since the Portuguese left won by 54.23% of the vote and 128 seats, against 39.54% and 102 deputies to the right. On 12 October, José Sócrates was invited by President Aníbal Cavaco Silva to form government. The new cabinet was announced on 22 October and sworn in on 26 October. Voter turnout was one of the lowest in Portuguese election history, as 59.7% of the electorate cast a ballot. Background In the February 2005 early elections, the Socialists, under the leadership of José Sócrates, won 45% of the votes and 121 MPs, the 1st time the Socialists won a majority and the 1st time a single party won a majority since Cavaco Silva's PSD victory in 1991. The PSD suffered a heavy defeat, achieving their worst results since 1983, and faced with this failure, the then PSD leader and outgoing Prime Minister, Pedro Santana Lopes, resigned from the leadership and called an election for party chair. During the first months in his government, Sócrates raised taxes to cut the deficit and initiated a policy of strict budgetary rigor. At the same time, he faced a very harsh summer with Wildfires across the country. That same October, the Socialists suffered a heavy defeat in the 2005 local elections, winning just 108 cities, a drop of 4, against the PSD's 158 mayoral holds. The PS was also unable to retake control of Lisbon and Porto. In January 2006, a new president was elected. Aníbal Cavaco Silva, PM between 1985 and 1995, became the first center-right candidate to win a presidential election, although only just. The PS candidate, former PM and President Mário Soares polled a disappointing third place with just 14% of the votes. In 2007, a referendum for the legalization of abortion was held. After the failure of the 1998 referendum, the Yes side prevailed winning 59% of the votes against the No's 41%, making abortion legal in Portugal. While the deficit reduction had been successful, and with the economy growing above 2% of GDP, the government faced heavy opposition for its policies, particularly from teachers unions. In March 2008, more than 100,000 teachers protested in Lisbon against Sócrates and his Education minister, Maria de Lurdes Rodrigues. Entering 2009, Portugal was strongly hit by the effects of the financial crisis that was shaking the global economy, and, therefore, the country entered in a recession. As a result, the government adopted stimulus measures that worsened the public finances and increased the deficit and the debt. In the European elections of June 7, 2009, the PSD stunned pundits by winning a European election for the first time since 1989, with 31.7% of the votes. The Socialists suffered a huge defeat, winning just 26% of the votes, a drop of 18%. Leadership changes PSD 2005 leadership election In the party's congress in April 2005, Luís Marques Mendes became party leader winning 56% of the delegates, against the 44% of his rival, Luís Filipe Menezes. The results were the following: |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" ! align="center" colspan=2 style="width: 60px"|Candidate ! align="center" style="width: 50px"|Votes ! align="center" style="width: 50px"|% |- |bgcolor=orange| | align=left | Luís Marques Mendes | align=right | 497 | align=right | 56.6 |- |bgcolor=orange| | align=left | Luís Filipe Menezes | align=right | 381 | align=right | 43.4 |- |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" | colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Turnout | align=right | 878 | align=center | |- | colspan="4" align=left|Source: |} CDS–PP 2005 leadership election CDS–PP leader Paulo Portas, resigned from the leadership following the disappointing result of the party in the 2005 elections saying that "in no civilized country in the world, the difference between Trotskyists and Christian Democrats is one percent", referring to the result of the BE. A snap leadership congress was called to elect a new leader. Two candidates were in the ballot: Telmo Correia, the preferred candidate of Paulo Portas, and José Ribeiro e Castro, more critical of Portas. Ribeiro e Castro was easily elected and the results were the following: |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" ! align="center" colspan=2 style="width: 60px"|Candidate ! align="center" style="width: 50px"|Votes ! align="center" style="width: 50px"|% |- |bgcolor=| | align=left | José Ribeiro e Castro | align=right | 492 | align=right | 56.0 |- |bgcolor=| | align=left | Telmo Correia | align=right | 387 | align=right | 44.0 |- |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" | colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Turnout | align=right | 879 | align=center | |- | colspan="4" align=left|Source: |} CDS–PP 2007 leadership election In April 2007, former CDS–PP leader Paulo Portas challenged the then party leader, José Ribeiro e Castro, for the leadership and was elected for his former job by a landslide. The results were the following: |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" ! align="center" colspan=2 style="width: 60px"|Candidate ! align="center" style="width: 50px"|Votes ! align="center" style="width: 50px"|% |- |bgcolor=| | align=left | Paulo Portas | align=right | 5,642 | align=right | 74.6 |- |bgcolor=| | align=left | José Ribeiro e Castro | align=right | 1,883 | align=right | 24.9 |- | colspan=2 align=left | Blank/Invalid ballots | align=right | 38 | align=right | 0.5 |- |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" | colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Turnout | align=right | 7,563 | align=center | |- | colspan="4" align=left|Source: |} PSD 2007 leadership election In the Social Democratic Party, incumbent leader Luís Marques Mendes was being very criticized for his opposition strategy and was left weakened after the PSD disappointing result in the 2007 Lisbon mayoral by-election, where the PSD polled 3rd with less than 16% of the votes. Marques Mendes called a snap leadership election and was challenged by his rival in the 2005 PSD congress, Luís Filipe Menezes. Menezes easily defeated Marques Mendes. The results were the following: |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" ! align="center" colspan=2 style="width: 60px"|Candidate ! align="center" style="width: 50px"|Votes ! align="center" style="width: 50px"|% |- |bgcolor=orange| | align=left | Luís Filipe Menezes | align=right | 21,101 | align=right | 53.6 |- |bgcolor=orange| | align=left | Luís Marques Mendes | align=right | 16,973 | align=right | 43.1 |- | colspan=2 align=left | Blank/Invalid ballots | align=right | 1,279 | align=right | 3.3 |- |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" | colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Turnout | align=right | 39,353 | align=right | 62.42 |- | colspan="4" align=left|Source: |} PSD 2008 leadership election The then PSD leader, Luís Filipe Menezes, elected in September 2007, resigned after just 6 months in the job. In the following leadership elections, held in May 2008, Manuela Ferreira Leite became the first woman to lead a major party in Portugal, winning 38% of the votes, against the 31% of Pedro Passos Coelho and the 30% of Pedro Santana Lopes. The results were the following: |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" ! align="center" colspan=2 style="width: 60px"|Candidate ! align="center" style="width: 50px"|Votes ! align="center" style="width: 50px"|% |- |bgcolor=orange| | align=left | Manuela Ferreira Leite | align=right | 17,278 | align=right | 37.9 |- |bgcolor=orange| | align=left | Pedro Passos Coelho | align=right | 14,160 | align=right | 31.1 |- |bgcolor=orange| | align=left | Pedro Santana Lopes | align=right | 13,495 | align=right | 29.6 |- |bgcolor=orange| | align=left | Patinha Antão | align=right | 308 | align=right | 0.7 |- | colspan=2 align=left | Blank/Invalid ballots | align=right | 351 | align=right | 0.8 |- |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" | colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Turnout | align=right| 45,592 | align=right | 59.13 |- | colspan="4" align=left|Source: |} Electoral system The Assembly of the Republic has 230 members elected to four-year terms. Governments do not require absolute majority support of the Assembly to hold office, as even if the number of opposers of government is larger than that of the supporters, the number of opposers still needs to be equal or greater than 116 (absolute majority) for both the Government's Programme to be rejected or for a motion of no confidence to be approved. The number of seats assigned to each district depends on the district magnitude. The use of the d'Hondt method makes for a higher effective threshold than certain other allocation methods such as the Hare quota or Sainte-Laguë method, which are more generous to small parties. For these elections, and compared with the 2005 elections, the MPs distributed by districts were the following: Parties The table below lists the parties represented in the Assembly of the Republic during the 10th legislature (2005–2009) and that also partook in the election: Campaign period Party slogans Candidates' debates Opinion polling Results National summary |- | colspan=11| |- ! rowspan="2" colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;" alignleft|Parties ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Votes ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |% ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |±pp swing ! colspan="5" style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" |MPs ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |MPs %/votes % |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" |2005 ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" |2009 ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |± ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |% ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |± |- | |2,077,238||36.56||8.4||121||97||24||42.17||10.4||1.15 |- | |1,653,665||29.11||0.3||71||81||10||35.22||4.3||1.21 |- | |592,778||10.43||3.1||12||21||9||9.13||3.9||0.88 |- | |557,306||9.81||3.4||8||16||8||6.96||3.5||0.71 |- | |446,279||7.86||0.3||14||15||1||6.52||0.4||0.83 |- | |52,761||0.93||0.1||0||0||0||0.00||0.0||0.0 |- | |25,949||0.46||||||0||||0.00||||0.0 |- | |21,876||0.38||0.3||0||0||0||0.00||0.0||0.0 |- | |16,924||0.30||||||0||||0.00||||0.0 |- | |15,262||0.27||||2||0||2||0.00||0.9||0.0 |- | style="width:10px;background-color:#013220;text-align:center;" | | style="text-align:left;" |Ecology and Humanism Front |12,405||0.22||||||0||||0.00||||0.0 |- | |11,503||0.20||0.0||0||0||0||0.00||0.0||0.0 |- | style="width:10px;background-color:#000080;text-align:center;" | | style="text-align:left;" |Portugal Pro-Life |8,461||0.15||||||0||||0.00||||0.0 |- |style="width: 10px" bgcolor=#CC0033 align="center" | |align=left|Labour |4,974||0.09||||||0||||0.00||||0.0 |- | |4,632||0.08||0.0||0||0||0||0.00||0.0||0.0 |- | |3,265||0.06||||2||0||2||0.00||0.9||0.0 |- |colspan=2 style="text-align:left;background-color:#E9E9E9"|Total valid |width="65" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|5,505,278 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|96.91 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|0.2 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|230 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|230 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|0 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|100.00 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|0.0 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|— |- |colspan=2|Blank ballots |99,086||1.74||0.1||colspan=6 rowspan=4| |- |colspan=2|Invalid ballots |76,894||1.35||0.2 |- |colspan=2 style="text-align:left;background-color:#E9E9E9"|Total |width="65" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|5,681,258 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"|100.00 |width="40" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"| |- |colspan=2|Registered voters/turnout ||9,519,921||59.68||4.6 |- | colspan=11 style="text-align:left;" | Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições Distribution by constituency |- class="unsortable" !rowspan=2|Constituency!!%!!S!!%!!S!!%!!S!!%!!S!!%!!S !rowspan=2|TotalS |- class="unsortable" style="text-align:center;" !colspan=2 | PS !colspan=2 | PSD !colspan=2 | CDS–PP !colspan=2 | BE !colspan=2 | CDU |- | style="text-align:left;" | Azores | style="background:; color:white;"|39.7 | 3 | 35.7 | 2 | 10.3 | - | 7.3 | - | 2.2 | - | 5 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Aveiro | 33.8 | 6 | style="background:; color:white;"|34.6 | 7 | 13.0 | 2 | 9.0 | 1 | 3.8 | - | 16 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Beja | style="background:; color:white;"|34.9 | 2 | 14.6 | - | 5.7 | - | 10.0 | - | 29.1 | 1 | 3 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Braga | style="background:; color:white;"|41.7 | 9 | 30.8 | 6 | 9.7 | 2 | 7.8 | 1 | 4.6 | 1 | 19 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Bragança | 33.0 | 1 | style="background:; color:white;"|40.6 | 2 | 12.6 | - | 6.2 | - | 2.4 | - | 3 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Castelo Branco | style="background:; color:white;"|41.0 | 2 | 29.8 | 2 | 8.4 | - | 9.1 | - | 5.1 | - | 4 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Coimbra | style="background:; color:white;"|38.0 | 4 | 30.6 | 4 | 8.8 | 1 | 10.8 | 1 | 5.7 | - | 10 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Évora | style="background:; color:white;"|35.0 | 1 | 19.0 | 1 | 6.4 | - | 11.1 | - | 22.3 | 1 | 3 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Faro | style="background:; color:white;"|31.9 | 3 | 26.2 | 3 | 10.7 | 1 | 15.3 | 1 | 7.8 | - | 8 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Guarda | style="background:; color:white;"|36.0 | 2 | 35.6 | 2 | 11.2 | - | 7.6 | - | 3.3 | - | 4 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Leiria | 30.1 | 4 | style="background:; color:white;"|34.9 | 4 | 12.6 | 1 | 9.5 | 1 | 5.1 | - | 10 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Lisbon | style="background:; color:white;"|36.4 | 19 | 25.1 | 13 | 11.0 | 5 | 10.8 | 5 | 9.9 | 5 | 47 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Madeira | 19.4 | 1 | style="background:; color:white;"|48.1 | 4 | 11.1 | 1 | 6.2 | - | 4.2 | - | 6 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Portalegre | style="background:; color:white;"|38.3 | 1 | 23.8 | 1 | 8.0 | - | 10.8 | - | 12.9 | - | 2 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Porto | style="background:; color:white;"|41.8 | 18 | 29.2 | 12 | 9.3 | 4 | 9.2 | 3 | 5.7 | 2 | 39 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Santarém | style="background:; color:white;"|33.7 | 4 | 27.0 | 3 | 11.2 | 1 | 11.8 | 1 | 9.2 | 1 | 10 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Setúbal | style="background:; color:white;"|34.0 | 7 | 16.4 | 3 | 9.1 | 1 | 14.0 | 2 | 20.1 | 4 | 17 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Viana do Castelo | style="background:; color:white;"|36.3 | 3 | 31.3 | 2 | 13.6 | 1 | 8.6 | - | 4.2 | - | 6 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Vila Real | 36.1 | 2 | style="background:; color:white;"|41.1 | 3 | 10.1 | - | 5.5 | - | 2.9 | - | 5 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Viseu | 34.7 | 4 | style="background:; color:white;"|37.5 | 4 | 13.4 | 1 | 6.5 | - | 2.9 | - | 9 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Europe | style="background:; color:white;"|43.3 | 1 | 23.8 | 1 | 4.7 | - | 4.7 | - | 4.4 | - | 2 |- | style="text-align:left;" | Outside Europe | 22.0 | - | style="background:; color:white;"|54.5 | 2 | 3.2 | - | 2.0 | - | 1.0 | - | 2 |- |- class="unsortable" style="background:#E9E9E9" | style="text-align:left;" | Total | style="background:; color:white;"|36.6 | 97 | 29.1 | 81 | 10.4 | 21 | 9.8 | 16 | 7.9 | 15 | 230 |- | colspan=12 style="text-align:left;" | Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições Maps Notes References External links Preliminary results of the 2009 election Portuguese Electoral Commission See also Politics of Portugal List of political parties in Portugal Elections in Portugal 2009 elections in Portugal 2009 legislative September 2009 events in Europe

23571404

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese%20submarine%20I-31

Japanese submarine I-31

The Japanese submarine I-31 was one of 20 Type B cruiser submarines of the B1 sub-class built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during the 1940s. Design and description The Type B submarines were derived from the earlier KD6 sub-class of the and were equipped with an aircraft to enhance their scouting ability. They displaced surfaced and submerged. The submarines were long, had a beam of and a draft of . They had a diving depth of . For surface running, the boats were powered by two diesel engines, each driving one propeller shaft. When submerged each propeller was driven by a electric motor. They could reach on the surface and underwater. On the surface, the B1s had a range of at ; submerged, they had a range of at . The boats were armed with six internal bow torpedo tubes and carried a total of 17 torpedoes. They were also armed with a single /40 deck gun and two single mounts for Type 96 anti-aircraft guns. In the Type Bs, the aircraft hangar was faired into the base of the conning tower. A single catapult was positioned on the forward deck. Career November 1942 I-31 was spotted doing doing reconnaissance with its seaplane off Suva, Fiji. On 12 May 1943 I-31 torpedoed attacked the USS Pennsylvania and the USS Santa Fe (CL-60) nine miles northeast of Holtz Bay, all missed. On 12 May 1943, near Holtz Bay, Attu, her periscope was sighted by American destroyers, and , who immediately opened fire. I-31 dove quickly but not before Edwards scored hits. The destroyers quickly made sonar contact and began a series of depth charge attacks until, after surviving for 10 hours, she was sunk by Frazier on 13 May. Notes References External links 1941 ships 1943 in Alaska World War II submarines of Japan Japanese submarines lost during World War II Ships built by Yokosuka Naval Arsenal Ships of the Aleutian Islands campaign Shipwrecks of the Alaska coast Type B1 submarines World War II shipwrecks in the Pacific Ocean Maritime incidents in May 1943

17327260

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309%202.%20Bundesliga

2008–09 2. Bundesliga

The 2008–09 2. Bundesliga was the 35th season of the 2. Bundesliga, the second tier of Germany's football league. The season began on 15 August 2008 and ended on 24 May 2009. SC Freiburg were the first team to win promotion to Bundesliga 2009–10 after securing the 2. Bundesliga championship on 10 May 2009. 1. FSV Mainz 05 were also directly promoted as runners-up after a 4–0 home victory over Rot-Weiß Oberhausen. 1. FC Nürnberg defeated Bundesliga sides Energie Cottbus in a two-legged playoff for one spot in 2009–10 Bundesliga and thus earned promotion as well. Changes from 2007–08 Starting with the 2008–09 season, only two teams are promoted automatically. Two-leg relegation playoffs between the third last team of the Bundesliga and the third team of the 2. Bundesliga at the end of the regular season will be reintroduced. Likewise, instead of formerly four teams only the two bottom teams are relegated to the new 3. Liga automatically. The third last team plays a two-leg playoff against the third team of the third tier over the remaining place in the 2. Bundesliga. Teams Movement between Bundesliga and 2. Bundesliga Borussia Mönchengladbach, TSG 1899 Hoffenheim and 1. FC Köln were promoted to Bundesliga after finishing 1st through third in 2. Bundesliga in 2007–08. They were replaced by 1. FC Nürnberg, Hansa Rostock and MSV Duisburg, which were relegated at the end of the 2007–08 Bundesliga season. Movement between 2. Bundesliga and third-level divisions Kickers Offenbach, Erzgebirge Aue, FC Carl Zeiss Jena and SC Paderborn 07 were relegated to the newly formed 3. Liga following the 2007–08 season due to finishing 15th through 18th. They were replaced by the champions and runners-up of both divisions of the 2007–08 Regionalliga. Rot Weiss Ahlen and Rot-Weiss Oberhausen earned promotion in the Regionalliga Nord while FSV Frankfurt and FC Ingolstadt 04 were promoted from the Regionalliga Süd. Stadiums and locations Personnel and sponsoring Managerial changes League table Results Relegation play-offs VfL Osnabrück as 16th-placed team had to face third-placed 3. Liga team SC Paderborn 07 for a two-legged playoff. Paderborn won both matches on an aggregated score of 2–0 and thus secured promotion to 2. Bundesliga 2009–10, while Osnabrück were relegated to 3. Liga 2009–10. Top goalscorers 16 goals Benjamin Auer (Alemannia Aachen) Cédric Makiadi (MSV Duisburg) Marek Mintál (1. FC Nürnberg) 15 goals Sami Allagui (SpVgg Greuther Fürth) Benjamin Lauth (1860 Munich) 14 goals Aristide Bancé (1. FSV Mainz 05) Erik Jendrišek (1. FC Kaiserslautern) Dorge Kouemaha (MSV Duisburg) Michael Thurk (FC Augsburg) 13 goals Mohammadou Idrissou (SC Freiburg) Lars Toborg (Rot Weiss Ahlen) Source:www.kicker.de References External links Official Bundesliga site 2. Bundesliga @ DFB Kicker.de 2. Bundesliga seasons 2008–09 in German football leagues Germany

23571405

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom%C3%A1novice

Dománovice

Dománovice is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants. References Villages in Kolín District

23571406

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doubrav%C4%8Dice

Doubravčice

Doubravčice is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,100 inhabitants. References Villages in Kolín District

23571409

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drahobudice

Drahobudice

Drahobudice is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants. References Villages in Kolín District

20464485

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Best%20Of%20%28Sash%21%20album%29

The Best Of (Sash! album)

The Best Of is a greatest hits album by German DJ Sash!. It was released by Hard2Beat on 20 October 2008. It's a double album, including all of Sash!'s celebrated hits (on the first disc) and 12 remixes from four different songs (on the second disc). Track listing Disc one Encore Une Fois (Blunt Radio Edit) featuring Sabine Ohmes from It's My Life – The Album Ecuador featuring Adrian Rodriguez from It's My Life – The Album Stay featuring La Trec from It's My Life – The Album La Primavera featuring Patrizia Salvatore from Life Goes On Mysterious Times featuring Tina Cousins* from Life Goes On Move Mania featuring Shannon from Life Goes On Colour the World featuring Dr. Alban & Inka Auhagen from Life Goes On Adelante featuring Adrian Rodriguez and Peter Faulhammer from Trilenium Just Around the Hill (Dance Radio Edit) featuring Tina Cousins* from Trilenium With My Own Eyes featuring Inka Auhagen from Trilenium Ganbareh featuring Mikio from S4!Sash! Run featuring Boy George from S4!Sash! I Believe featuring TJ Davis from S4!Sash! It's My Life (The Very First Single) from It's My Life – The Album Raindrops (Encore Une Fois) (Kindervater Edit) featuring Stunt Raindrops (Encore Une Fois) (Fonzerelli Re-Work) featuring Stunt Just Around the Hill featuring Tina Cousins from Trilenium Disc two Ecuador (Javi Mula & Joan Reyes Remix) Ecuador (Will Bailey & Calvertron Remix) Ecuador (Bad Behaviour Remix) Stay (Cedric Gervais Vocal Remix) Stay (Fonzerelli Re-Work) Stay (Bass Slammers Remix) La Primavera (Static Shokx Remix) La Primavera (Twocker's Popcorn Remix) La Primavera (3Style Remix) Mysterious Times (7th Heaven Remix) Mysterious Times (Spencer & Hill Remix) Mysterious Times (Sound Selektaz Club Mix) This is a slightly different edit of the song. Personnel SASH! – producer Tokapi – producer Written by: Ralf Kappmeier, Thomas Alisson, Sascha Lappessen Features/Vocals by: Sabine Ohmes, Rodriguez, La Trec, Patrizia, Tina Cousins, Shannon, Dr. Alban, Inka, Peter Faulhammer, Boy George, T.J. Davis, Sarah Brightman, Stunt Remixes by: Kindevater, Fonzerelli, Javi Mula, Joan Reyes, Will Bailey, Calvertron, Bad Behaviour, Cedric Gervais, Bass Clammers, Static Shokx, Twocker, 3 Style, 7th Heaven, Spencer & Hill, Sound Selekataz Chart performance The album reached No. 39 in the top 40 of the UK Albums chart in 2008. 300,000 copies sold in less than three months in the UK and achieved platinum status. Notes There is also an Extended Edition of the album, containing extended versions of the first 13 tracks of the first disc. This edition was only available from the iTunes Store. References Sash! compilation albums 2008 greatest hits albums Dance Nation (record label) compilation albums

23571410

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landgericht

Landgericht

Landgericht may refer to: Landgericht (Germany), a mid-level court in the present-day judicial system of Germany For example, Landgericht Berlin Landgericht Bremen Landgericht (medieval), a regional magistracy in the Holy Roman Empire

23571411

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grunta

Grunta

Grunta is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 90 inhabitants. References Villages in Kolín District

23571412

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrade%C5%A1%C3%ADn

Hradešín

Hradešín is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants. References Villages in Kolín District

23571413

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chotutice

Chotutice

Chotutice is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants. History The first written mention of Chotutice is from 1100. References Villages in Kolín District

20464491

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1920%20Horncastle%20by-election

1920 Horncastle by-election

The 1920 Horncastle by-election was a parliamentary by-election held for the British House of Commons constituency of Horncastle in Lincolnshire on 25 February 1920. The seat had become vacant when the sitting Coalition Unionist Member of Parliament, William Weigall, who had held the seat since 1911, resigned upon being appointed Governor of South Australia. Candidates The Unionists, as representatives of the Liberal-Conservative Coalition government of David Lloyd George had as their candidate, Stafford Hotchkin (1876-1953), a farmer, former soldier, Sheriff of Rutland and a local Justice of the Peace. The Liberals were represented by Samuel Pattinson (1870-1942), a local businessman and sometime Alderman of Lincolnshire County Council. William Holmes stood for the Labour Party. The "Coupon" revisited Hotchkin quickly received the endorsement of both the prime minister and the leader of the Conservative Party, Bonar Law. In his letter to Hotchkin, Lloyd George emphasised the need to resuscitate and develop British agriculture in which task he said Hotchkin as a ‘practical farmer’ would be able to help the government. Bonar-Law stressed the continuing need for parties to work together in the national interest in difficult times. In effect Hotchkin was receiving the equivalent of the government ‘coupon’ which had been issued at the 1918 general election. Issues Agriculture Agriculture dominated the election in this rural constituency. Labour had hopes of picking up the votes of the agricultural workers who were members of the National Union of Agricultural Workers, but William Holmes was reported as alienating potential supporters by making speeches about revolution and bloodshed. It was expected that the Liberals would gain land workers’ votes put off by the apparent extremism of Holmes’ electioneering. While the Coalition government was losing popularity across the country, it was reported that Hotchkin was a strong local candidate who knew about farming from a practical point of view. In the post-war environment, the availability and price of food and of animal feed were also issues. All the candidates strongly supported the encouragement and development of small holdings. Hotchkin was a sometime Chairman of the Lindsey Small Holdings Committee Government influence A related concern was government influence over private life and business, through over-regulation and bureaucracy, as well as examples of waste and extravagance from an administration in far away London. This theme was taken up by the Liberal, who also attacked Labour for their plans for nationalisation. Result The declaration of the poll did not take place until 9 March 1920 because of the government’s continuing to keep in force a wartime regulation delaying the announcement of election results. By this time news of H H Asquith's by-election win in Paisley had become known and this encouraged the Liberals to hope for a good result at Horncastle. In the event, however, the seat was held for the Coalition by Hotchkin with a majority of 1,413 over Pattinson, with Labour in third place. Turnout was 77.1% as opposed to 68.2% at the previous general election, which had been a straight fight between Unionist Coalitionist and Liberal candidates. Candidates’ reaction All three candidates were able to draw a positive conclusion from the result. Hotchkin was clearly gratified to have won and credited his success to a combination of popular satisfaction with the Coalition government and his status as a local man. Pattinson blamed his lack of success on the intervention of a Labour candidate, splitting the anti-coalition vote and presumably hoping Labour’s third place would discourage them from standing a candidate at future elections. Holmes said he had done well, coming late into the contest a perfect stranger to the constituency and was pleased to have established a solid Labour movement there. Hotchkin took his seat in the House of Commons on Friday 12 March 1920. He served as MP for Horncastle until 1922 when Pattison won the seat at that year’s general election. Aftermath The intervention of the Labour party was not viewed as a success as they chose not to contest the seat at the 1922 general election. At this election, the new Unionist MP retired and Pattinson gained the seat for the Liberals. Labour avoided running a candidate again until 1929 when their candidate took enough votes off the Liberals to allow the Unionists to win again. References 1920 elections in the United Kingdom 1920 in England By-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom in Lincolnshire constituencies

23571414

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cho%C5%A5ovice

Choťovice

Choťovice is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants. References Villages in Kolín District

23571415

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chr%C3%A1%C5%A1%C5%A5any%20%28Kol%C3%ADn%20District%29

Chrášťany (Kolín District)

Chrášťany is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 700 inhabitants. Administrative parts Villages of Bylany and Chotouň are administrative parts of Chrášťany. Notable people Procopius of Sázava (?–1053), saint; born in Chotouň according to legend References Villages in Kolín District