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20464498

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010%20Saint%20Kitts%20and%20Nevis%20general%20election

2010 Saint Kitts and Nevis general election

General elections were held in Saint Kitts and Nevis on 25 January 2010 for eleven of the fourteen or fifteen seats in the National Assembly. The other three or four members of the National Assembly will be appointed by the Governor-General after the elections. The ruling Saint Kitts and Nevis Labour Party (SKNLP), led by Prime Minister Denzil Douglas, won a fourth term in office. It was opposed in the campaign by the opposition People's Action Movement (PAM), led by Lindsay Grant. Both parties received much of their support from the island of Saint Kitts, which chooses eight of the eleven elected members of the National Assembly. On the neighboring island of Nevis, local parties, including the Nevis Reformation Party (NRP) and the Concerned Citizens' Movement (CCM), vied for three seats in the National Assembly. Support from Nevisian political parties could decide control of the national government in a tight election. The continuing economic crisis was a major issue in the campaign. The national debt of Saint Kitts and Nevis had risen to US$2 billion under the SKNLP government, roughly $50,000 per citizen. Prime Minister Denzil Douglas shrugged off accusations that he had let the debt spiral upward during his fifteen years in office: Background Before the 2010 election, the Labour Party controlled seven of the eight seats allocated to the island of Saint Kitts in the Assembly. The opposition People's Action Movement (PAM) controlled the other Saint Kitts seat. From nearby Nevis, the Concerned Citizens' Movement (CCM) controlled two of Nevis' three seats in the Assembly, while the opposition Nevis Reformation Party (NRP) controlled the other seat. Prime Minister Douglas, speaking to a crowd of approximately 15,000 in Basseterre on 9 January 2010, announced the dates for the upcoming election. He set Nomination Day for 15 January 2010, with the general election to be held on 25 January. Conduct Armed police had to respond to protests alleging voting irregularities in the constituency where the PAM leader Lindsay Grant was up against Glen "Ghost" Phillips of the SKNLP. PAM supporters contended that "outsiders" were being brought into the Half Way Tree Community Centre, seven miles (11 km) from the capital Basseterre, to vote. Elsewhere in the country, voting was reported to be calm "amidst overcast skies following some intermittent morning showers." According to 2022 reporting by the OCCRP, there is evidence that Henley and Partners CEO Christian Kälin helped to finance the campaign of Denzil Douglas. Henley had set up a passport selling scheme in St. Kitts and Nevis during Douglas's tenure. At the same time, Henley entered into at least three agreements with the SCL Group or its affiliated companies to help each other in the Caribbean region. Henley has denied financing the Douglas campaign. However, Douglas stated in an unpublished 2018 interview that Henley did fund his campaign and that the SCL Group was hired to manage the campaign. Henley responded by calling Douglas a liar. Results On Saint Kitts, the SKNLP won six out of the eight seats. The PAM gained a new National Assembly member, Eugene Hamilton, while PAM deputy leader Shawn Richards retained his seat. Prime Minister Denzil Douglas retained his seat for Constituency Six by a margin of 1905 votes to 179. On Nevis, the Concerned Citizens' Movement (CCM) won two seats, with the Nevis Reformation Party (NRP) taking the third. References Saint Kitts Elections in Saint Kitts and Nevis 2010 in Saint Kitts and Nevis

20464517

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hibriten%20High%20School

Hibriten High School

Hibriten High School (HHS) is a comprehensive, four-year high school accredited by the NC Department of Public Instruction and the Southern Colleges and Schools. The school is located at the foot of Hibriten Mountain, the western end of the Brushy Mountains in Lenoir, North Carolina. History Hibriten Academy The Hibriten Academy was founded in 1885 on the Wildwood Road. It was a larger school than most of the ones for that period of time as it had three teachers and students of all ages. The rooms were heated with pot-bellied stoves, and the boy students had to cut the wood to keep the fires going. Water was carried to the rooms in a bucket and the students had their own cup to pour the water into from the bucket. Hibriten Academy was consolidated with Kings Creek High at the end of the 1932 school term. Building and construction of Hibriten High School Following a survey of the schools of Caldwell County in 1963, the State Department of Public Instruction recommended that three of the rural schools—Oak Hill, King's Creek, and Happy Valley—be consolidated. It was also recommended that a new building be constructed on a new site for the consolidated high school. Thirty-five acres of land, located in the Lower Creek section of the county, were purchased at a cost of $37,500. In 1962, an architect was employed for a period of two years to complete plans for the building. Designed in a plan similar to a split-level building, the school consists of three levels and contains departments in science, home economics, English, French, math, social studies, music, physical education, drama, child care center, and vocational studies which include technical drafting, business, introduction to vocations, agriculture, carpentry, graphics, electronics, bricklaying, and the work study programs of industrial cooperative training and distributive education. The building also includes administrative offices for the principal, assistant principal, secretary, guidance suite, visual air room, two first-aid rooms, and a conference room. The cafeteria seats 250 people. Located at the foot of the Hibriten Mountain, the school was given the name of Hibriten High School. Its mascot is a panther, and the school colors are red, black, and white. It is located two miles from the main thoroughfare of the city of Lenoir. The school was officially opened in the fall of 1966 with Kenneth A. Roberts as principal and Ronald Beane as assistant principal. Student enrollment for the 1966-67 school term was 715, with a faculty of 42. The class of 1967 graduated 118 students. Five elementary schools send students to Hibriten High School. The gymnasium and music building were completed in 1972 with the gym seating 1800 people. School bands The Hibriten High School Symphonic Band is the main band of the school. It was established in 1966. As of Spring 2017, the bands (both symphonic and concert bands) have accumulated fifty-three superior ratings (21 consecutive by the symphonic band from 1994 to 2014), with most of them in Grade VI music (the most difficult level). Of note are the band directors who taught at Hibriten and who are now in the North Carolina Bandmaster's Hall of Fame. These include George Kirsten (George Kirsten's sister Dorothy Kirsten sang operatic mezzo-soprano in the NY Metropolitan Opera), and Camilla Graeber. Other HHS Band directors have been honored by the Northwest District of the NC Bandmasters Association including Dennis Carswell, John Craig, and Bill Witcher. School songs The fight song was written by Captain Ralph Ostrom. The alma mater was written by Kathryn Wilson and John Craig. Notable alumni Nick Easton, NFL offensive lineman Bobby McMillon, singer, musician, and storyteller References Public high schools in North Carolina Schools in Caldwell County, North Carolina 1966 establishments in North Carolina

20464520

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Aruban%20general%20election

2009 Aruban general election

General elections were held in Aruba on 25 September 2009. The elections were the seventh to be held for membership of the Estates since autonomy was granted by the Dutch in 1986, and resulted in a victory for the Aruban People's Party, which won 12 of the 21 seats in the Estates. Background Prior to this election the People's Electoral Movement (MEP) were the governing party, holding eleven seats. The main opposition Aruban People's Party (AVP) held eight with the Network of Electoral Democracy and the Aruban Patriotic Movement holding a seat apiece. Electoral system The 21 members of the Estates were elected for a four-year term using proportional representation, carried out in a single nationwide constituency. Each party was allowed to place up to 29 people on their party list. The party or coalition with a majority was allowed to select a Prime Minister. Campaign Eight parties and 167 independents contested the elections. The Aruban Director of the Register of Population and electoral council member Sharline Luidens forbade the press from taking photos inside polling stations during the election. Pre-election polls showed the AVP were expected to win, campaigning to reduce inflation and abolish a tax on local business. The AVP also pledged to address concerns over the island's oil refinery operated by Valero Energy, which had been closed since mid-July 2009 and had provided jobs for around one thousand people, as well as a recent decline in tourists visiting the island. The People's Electoral Movement (MEP) pledged to diversify the economy and reduce debt and living costs. The parties were represented by specific colors during the campaign; the AVP was known as the "green party," the MEP was the "yellow party" and the independent Real Democracy Party was identified as the "red party." Results A turnout of 86% was recorded for the election which proceeded without disruption. Governor Fredis Refunjol and his wife, Clarette, voted at the Sacred Heart School in Savaneta early Friday morning and urged all Arubans to vote as well. Incumbent Prime Minister Nelson Oduber and his wife, Glenda, cast their ballots at the EPB School in Hato, on the edge of Oranjestad. AVP leader Mike Eman voted in the afternoon at the Colegio Arubano, a junior-senior high school, with his wife, Doina, and his brother, Henny Eman, who was Aruba's first Prime Minister. Doina Eman, who is originally from the United States, had recently acquired her Dutch passport and this was the first Aruban election in which she was eligible to vote. Polls closed in Aruba at 7:00 pm local time. Early results began filtering in approximately 8:30 pm. The first results reported in were from the Noord District, which showed a marked support for the AVP. Twelve election precincts in Oranjestad, the capital, were also won by the AVP early in the evening. The AVP, which is identified by the color green, also won eight polling stations in San Nicolas, the site of the recently closed Valero Energy oil refinery. Support declined for Nelson Obuder's MEP party across the island. The MEP, which is known as the "yellow party", captured its traditional stronghold of Santa Cruz, as well as precincts in portions of Savaneta and Paradera. Support for the MEP ultimately dropped from eleven to eight seats in the Estates. The AVP, led by Mike Eman, claimed 48% of the vote and twelve seats in the Estates, making Eman the 5th Prime Minister-Elect of Aruba with an absolute majority of three seats in the 21-seat House. The MEP won 36% of the vote and eight seats, with the final seat being won by the Real Democracy Party. This meant that Nelson Oduber, the demissionary Prime Minister of Aruba, had lost control of the Estates for the first time in eight years. Eman arrived at the AVP party headquarters in Oranjestad, where he was greeted by approximately 2,000 supporters dressed in green, the color of the AVP. The victory was marked by AVP supporters letting off fireworks and unfurling flags in the green livery of the party. In his speech, Eman thanked Aruba's Latino and Haitian communities. The winning party of an Aruban election traditionally celebrates with a parade following the election. Reactions Oduber blamed the MEP's defeat on Dutch interference in Aruba's affairs, in particular referring to a recent announcement that the Dutch authorities would commence an investigation into corruption on the island. Oduber also singled out Valero Energy CEO Bill Klesse, accusing him of taking sides in the election against the MEP by closing the refinery shortly before the election took place. In a speech carried only on Aruban Channel 22, Oduber did not congratulate the winning AVP. Instead, he said that the AVP should work to fulfill its "unreal promise" to Arubans. References External links Aruba Press: AVP Triumphant - Aruba has a New Government Real Democracy Party 2009 campaign site General election Aruba Elections in Aruba

20464528

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testing%2C%20adjusting%2C%20balancing

Testing, adjusting, balancing

In heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC), testing, adjusting and balancing (TAB) are the three major steps used to achieve proper operation of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. TAB usually refers to commercial building construction and the specialized contractors who employ personnel that perform this service. In general, the TAB specialist performs air and hydronic measurements on the HVAC systems and adjusts the flows as required to achieve optimum performance of the building environmental equipment. The balancing is usually based upon the design flow values required by the Mechanical Engineer for the project, and the TAB contractor submits a written report which summarizes the testing and balancing and notes any deficiencies found during the TAB work. Many times facility managers will use a TAB contractor to assist in identifying preexisting or common issues with a facility. While not necessary to be a TAB contractor, many contractors tend to hold professional air balancing certifications. Testing Testing is the use of specialized and calibrated instruments to measure temperatures, pressures, rotational speeds, electrical characteristics, velocities, and air and water quantities for an evaluation of equipment and system performance. Adjusting Adjusting is the final setting of balancing devices such as dampers and valves, adjusting fan speeds and pump impeller sizes, in addition to automatic control devices such as thermostats and pressure controllers to achieve maximum specified system performance and efficiency during normal operation. Balancing Balancing is the methodical regulation of system fluid flows (air or water) through the use of acceptable procedures to achieve the desired or specified design airflow or water flow. When beginning the balance of a system, you must locate the terminal with the least amount of flow in regards to the engineer's drawing. Once the "low" terminal has been located, you can then proceed to adjust all other diffusers/grilles (air) or circuit balancing valves (water) to proportionally match the original "low" terminal. There must be at least one terminal that is wide open to achieve optimum efficiency. Notes Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning

23571416

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jest%C5%99ab%C3%AD%20Lhota

Jestřabí Lhota

Jestřabí Lhota is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants. References Villages in Kolín District

20464542

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arboretum%20de%20Segrez

Arboretum de Segrez

The Arboretum de Segrez is a historic arboretum located within the Domaine de Segrez on Rue Alphonse Lavallée, Saint-Sulpice-de-Favières, Essonne, Île-de-France, France. The arboretum was established in 1857 as a scientific undertaking by Pierre Alphonse Martin Lavallée (1836-1884), a French botanist and horticulturist. It included a herbarium and botanical library, and by 1875 was one of the largest collections of woody plants in the world. After Lavallée's death in 1884, scientific cultivation of the arboretum ceased, but a number of mature specimens can still be seen on the domain's grounds. See also List of botanical gardens in France References Domaine de Segrez Saint-Sulpice-de-Favières: Segrez Arboretum Segrezianum. Icones selectae Arborum et Fruticum in Hortis Segrezianis collectorum. Description et figures des espèces nouvelles, rares ou critiques de l'Arboretum de Segrez. Paris : J.B. Baillière et fils, 1880–1885. Liberty Hyde Bailey, The Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture, The Macmillan Company, 1914, page 347. Conservatoire Jardins Paysages entry (French) Gralon.net entry (French) Segrez, Arboretum de Segrez, Arboretum de

20464547

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%20Murff

Red Murff

John Robert Murff (April 1, 1921 – November 28, 2008) was a relief pitcher in Major League Baseball who played from through for the Milwaukee Braves. Listed at , 195 lb., Murff batted and threw right-handed. He attended Gettysburg College. A native of Burlington, Texas, Murff started his professional baseball career in A and AA ball. On June 8, 1951, while pitching for the Texas City Texans, he threw a no-hitter against the Harlingen Capitals. A year later, he pitched innings of a 20-inning game, in a lost cause against the Texarkana Bears, who defeated the Texans, 3–2. Then, in 1955, he won The Sporting News Minor League Player of the Year Award and was named Texas League Pitcher of the Year after going 27–11 for the Dallas Eagles. Murff entered the majors in 1956 with the Braves as a 35-year-old rookie, having been signed by Milwaukee scout Earle W. Halstead. In a story chronicled in Murff's biography "The Scout", Halstead negotiated with Dick Burnett, owner of the Dallas Eagles in the Texas League, where Murff played. The two sides reached an impasse until Halstead proposed a game of gin rummy with the winner setting the terms of the trade. Halstead won and the Braves paid Burnett $40,000 and three players from the 40 man roster to obtain Murff's contract. In part of two seasons, he posted a 2–2 record with a 4.65 ERA and three saves in 26 appearances, including two starts, giving up 26 earned runs on 56 hits and 18 walks while striking out 31 in innings of work. Following his majors career, Murff coached in the minors and managed the 1960 Jacksonville Braves of the South Atlantic League. As a scout for the New York Mets, he discovered and signed future Hall of Famer pitcher Nolan Ryan and All-Star catcher Jerry Grote. Ryan, later named president of the Texas Rangers, noted his friendship with Murff in his 1999 Hall of Fame induction speech. In the early 1970s, Murff helped start the University of Mary Hardin-Baylor baseball program, and retired to Tyler, Texas in 1991 after serving 34 years as a scout. He was inducted into the Texas Baseball Hall of Fame in 1989 and the Texas Scouts Association Hall of Fame in 1999, and in 1994 the UMHB's ballpark was named in his honour, Red Murff Field. Murff died in a Tyler nursing home at the age of 87. Further reading SABR BioProject BR Bullpen External links , or Baseball Almanac 1921 births 2008 deaths Atlanta Braves scouts Baseball players from Texas Baton Rouge Red Sticks players Gettysburg Bullets baseball players Dallas Eagles players Houston Astros scouts Industriales de Valencia players Jacksonville Braves players Louisville Colonels (minor league) players Major League Baseball pitchers Mary Hardin–Baylor Crusaders baseball coaches Milwaukee Braves players Minor league baseball managers Montreal Expos scouts Nashville Vols players New York Mets scouts Texas City Texans players Tyler East Texans players Wichita Braves players People from Milam County, Texas

23571417

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kbel%20%28Kol%C3%ADn%20District%29

Kbel (Kolín District)

Kbel is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants. Administrative parts The village of Kbílek is an administrative part of Kbel. References Villages in Kolín District

23571418

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004%20Rink%20Hockey%20Men%27s%20B%20World%20Championship

2004 Rink Hockey Men's B World Championship

The 2004 Rink Hockey Men's B World Championship was the 36th edition of the Rink Hockey B World Championship, held from October 16 to 23, in Macau. The champion was Catalonia, that had obtained a FIRS provisional membership few months before the tournament. However, FIRS did not endorse final acceptance of Catalonia for subsequent editions. Format Competition's schedule included 11 countries, divided in two groups, but North Korea withdrew a few days before the opening. Matches All times are Macau local time (UTC+8). Group stage Group A Group B 9th and 10th places 5th place bracket Championship Knockout stage Final standings B Rink Hockey Men's B World Championship Men's B World Championship International sports competitions hosted by Macau Roller hockey in Macau International roller hockey competitions hosted by China

23571419

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kl%C3%A1%C5%A1tern%C3%AD%20Skalice

Klášterní Skalice

Klášterní Skalice is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants. References Villages in Kolín District

17327264

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%E2%80%9310%202.%20Bundesliga

2009–10 2. Bundesliga

The 2009–10 2. Bundesliga was the 36th season of the 2. Bundesliga, the second tier of Germany's football league. The season began on 7 August 2009 and ended on 9 May 2010. A winter break was held between 21 December 2009 and 14 January 2010, though the period has been reduced from six to three weeks. Teams 2008–09 2. Bundesliga champions SC Freiburg and runners-up 1. FSV Mainz 05 were promoted to the 2009–10 Bundesliga. They were replaced by Karlsruher SC and Arminia Bielefeld, who finished 17th and 18th respectively in the 2008–09 Bundesliga season. FC Ingolstadt 04 and SV Wehen-Wiesbaden were relegated to the 2009–10 3. Liga following the 2008–09 season. They were replaced by 2008–09 3. Liga champions 1. FC Union Berlin and runners-up Fortuna Düsseldorf. Two further spots were available through relegation/promotion play-offs. 1. FC Nürnberg gained promotion to the Bundesliga by beating Bundesliga side FC Energie Cottbus 5–0 on aggregate in the Bundesliga play-off, sending the team from the Eastern part of Germany to the second tier of German football. At the bottom end of the table, VfL Osnabrück lost both of their play-off matches against 3. Liga side SC Paderborn 07 and thus were relegated to the 2009–10 3. Liga. Stadiums and locations Several teams moved to different grounds for the 2009–10 season; Alemannia Aachen and Augsburg were relocating to new stadia, replacing their old structures, while FSV Frankfurt and Union Berlin returned to their original home grounds which had undergone renovation. Personnel and sponsorship Managerial changes League table Results Relegation play-offs The 16th-placed Hansa Rostock faced the third-placed 3. Liga team FC Ingolstadt for a two-legged play-off. FC Ingolstadt, as the winner on aggregated score after both matches earned a spot in the 2010–11 2. Bundesliga. The matches took place on 14 and 17 May, with the 3. Liga club playing at home first. Hansa Rostock was relegated to 3. Liga and Ingolstadt was promoted to 2. Bundesliga for the 2010–11 season. Statistics Top goalscorersSource: kicker magazine23 goals Michael Thurk (FC Augsburg)20 goals Marius Ebbers (FC St. Pauli)15 goals Erik Jendrišek (1. FC Kaiserslautern) Christopher Nöthe (Greuther Fürth) Mahir Sağlık (SC Paderborn)14 goals Benjamin Auer (Alemannia Aachen)13 goals Martin Harnik (Fortuna Düsseldorf)12 goals Sami Allagui (Greuther Fürth) Giovanni Federico (Arminia Bielefeld) Emil Jula (Energie Cottbus)Top assistantsSource: kicker magazine12 assists Giovanni Federico (Arminia Bielefeld) Emil Jula (Energie Cottbus) Christian Tiffert (MSV Duisburg)11 assists Alexander Bugera (1. FC Kaiserslautern) Ibrahima Traoré (FC Augsburg)10 assists Marco Christ (Fortuna Düsseldorf) Deniz Naki (FC St. Pauli)9 assists Sami Allagui (Greuther Fürth) Marius Ebbers (FC St. Pauli) Jürgen Gjasula (FSV Frankfurt) Marcel Ndjeng (FC Augsburg) Mahir Sağlık (SC Paderborn)'' References External links Official Bundesliga site 2. Bundesliga @ DFB kicker.de 2. Bundesliga seasons 2009–10 in German football leagues Germany

23571420

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klu%C4%8Dov%20%28Kol%C3%ADn%20District%29

Klučov (Kolín District)

Klučov is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,100 inhabitants. Administrative parts Villages of Lstiboř, Skramníky and Žhery are administrative parts of Klučov. References Villages in Kolín District

23571423

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko%C5%99enice

Kořenice

Kořenice is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants. Administrative parts Villages of Chotouchov and Pučery are administrative parts of Kořenice. References Villages in Kolín District

23571428

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crkvari

Crkvari

Crkvari is a village in north-eastern Slavonia, situated in municipality town of Orahovica, Virovitica-Podravina County, Croatia. Population References CD-rom: "Naselja i stanovništvo RH od 1857-2001. godine", Izdanje Državnog zavoda za statistiku Republike Hrvatske, Zagreb, 2005. Populated places in Virovitica-Podravina County

23571430

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krakovany%20%28Kol%C3%ADn%20District%29

Krakovany (Kolín District)

Krakovany is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 900 inhabitants. Administrative parts The village of Božec is an administrative part of Krakovany. References Villages in Kolín District

23571432

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Tersolo

Charles Tersolo

Charles Tersolo (born 1974 in Rochester, New Hampshire) is a Boston artist and member of the Copley Society of Art. He paints much of his works outdoors, or en plein air in the tradition of Corot, Monet, and American Impressionists such as Childe Hassam. The coloring of his works is closer to the broad palette of the Boston School of painters, who mix American impressionist technique with more traditional coloring and paint application. His largest public work is a Synthetic Impressionist piece of the Harvard Footbridge. This 9 foot by 4.5 feet high painting resides in the lobby of the Harvard Doubletree Hotel. Other public works include a painting of the South End of Boston in the Back Bay Hilton of Boston. Subject matter covered by this artist includes Provincetown, Boston, Paris, the Grand Canyon, Santa Fe, Monument Valley, Valley of the Gods, New York City, San Francisco, Portland, Cape Elizabeth, and Mount Desert Island, Maine, and Portsmouth, New Hampshire. References 20th-century American painters American male painters 21st-century American painters Living people People from Rochester, New Hampshire 1974 births 20th-century American male artists

23571437

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS%20Deltargentino

SS Deltargentino

SS Deltargentino may refer to one of two Type C3-P&C ships built for the United States Maritime Commission by Bethlehem Sparrows Point Shipyard and intended for the Mississippi Shipping Company: (MC hull number 50), designated for transfer to the United States Navy as transport USS J. W. McAndrew (AP-47), but instead went to United States Army as USAT J. W. McAndrew; collided with in 1945; sold for commercial use in 1947; scrapped 1972 (MC hull number 152), transferred to the United States Navy as transport USS Monrovia (AP-64); later converted to an attack transport and redesignated APA-31; scrapped 1968 Ship names

23571438

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WHDO-CD

WHDO-CD

WHDO-CD, virtual channel 38 (UHF digital channel 36), is a low-powered, Class A Mega TV-affiliated television station licensed to Orlando, Florida, United States. The station is owned by Western Pacific Broadcast, LLC. Its transmitter is located near the SR-417 and Florida's Turnpike intersection, along with low-powered Azteca America affiliate WATV-LD and WURF's FM translator W279DI. It previously broadcast programming from Tuff TV until that network ceased operations on August 26, 2018. External links HDO-CD Low-power television stations in the United States

23571440

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christophe%20Veyrier

Christophe Veyrier

Christophe Veyrier (25 June 1637 – 10 June 1689) was a French sculptor, the nephew and follower of Pierre Puget. Veyrier was born in Trets, Bouches-du-Rhône, France. He arrived in Genoa in 1663 and stayed for a number of years, before moving to Rome to live from 1668-70. In 1674 he married the daughter of the sister of Puget's wife. He worked in Aix-en-Provence, then settled in Toulon, where he lived until his death in 1689. In one of his most important commissions, he created religious statues for the Chapel of Corpus Domini in Toulon Cathedral. He also worked at Montpellier. Statues of ancient and mythological subjects are attributed to him, including the white marble relief of the family of Darius displayed at Stowe House in England. The most recent studies attribute to him the statue of the Immaculate Conception in Tivoli Cathedral (according to older literature the statue was formerly attributed to Puget himself). His sculptures are held by the Musée d'Art, Toulon; the Musée Granet, Aix-en-Provence; the Musée du Louvre, Paris; the Victoria and Albert Museum, London; and the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. External links Brief Biography Photos of some of Veyrier's sculptures 17th-century French sculptors French male sculptors Artists from Toulon 1637 births 1689 deaths

23571442

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Fullarton%20Arnott

James Fullarton Arnott

James Fullarton Arnott (29 April 1914 – 22 November 1982) was a Scottish professor, author, and theatrical director. Arnott was born in Glasgow, Scotland, on 29 April 1914. His parents were Hezekiah Merricks Arnott and Susie Willock Fullarton. He attended the Ardrossan Academy. Arnott graduated from the University of Glasgow with a Master of Arts in 1936. He went on to attend Merton College, Oxford, where he received his Master of Letters, and Peterhouse, Cambridge. He also studied at the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama. James Fullarton Arnott died in 1982. Career After teaching at Hull University, Arnott became an assistant lecturer in the English department at the University of Glasgow in 1939. In 1952, he directed a production of Murder in the Cathedral. In 1962, Arnott became a Senior Lecturer at Glasgow. He then directed Shakespeare's comedy Love's Labour's Lost in 1964. That same year he also became an editor of the journal that would later become known as Theatre Research International. In 1966, Arnott became the first Head of the Drama Department at Glasgow. He went on to direct several plays, including the Play of Daniel and Curlew River in 1968 and The Forrigan Reel in 1970. He wrote English Theatrical Literature 1559-1900 in 1970. The University of Glasgow granted Arnott the rank of Reader in 1971 and Professor in 1973. He served as President of the International Federation for Theatre Research from 1975 through 1979. Arnott also served as the Chairman of the Drama Committee of the Scottish Arts Council from 1976 through 1979. He was a member of the Arts Council of Great Britain from 1977 through 1979. From 1980 until his death in 1982, Arnott was a member of the UK National Commission for UNESCO. The University of Glasgow renamed its Chair of Drama the "James Arnott Chair" in 1996. Notes 1914 births 1982 deaths Alumni of the University of Glasgow Alumni of Merton College, Oxford Alumni of Peterhouse, Cambridge Alumni of the Royal Conservatoire of Scotland British theatre directors Scottish theatre directors Scottish scholars and academics Writers from Glasgow

23571452

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS%20Delorleans

SS Delorleans

SS Delorleans may refer to one of two Type C3-P&C ships built for the United States Maritime Commission by Bethlehem Sparrows Point Shipyard and intended for the Mississippi Shipping Company: (MC hull number 49), delivered to Mississippi Shipping in August 1940; acquired by the United States Navy as transport USS Crescent City (AP-40) in June 1941; later converted to an attack transport and redesignated APA-21; served as training ship Golden Bear for the California Maritime Academy; as Artship, she was scrapped in 2012 (MC hull number 151), transferred to the United States Navy as transport USS Calvert (AP-65); later converted to an attack transport and redesignated APA-32; later scrapped Ship names

17327291

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conanicut%20Island%20Light

Conanicut Island Light

Conanicut Island Light (also known as Conanicut Island Lighthouse), built in 1886, is an inactive lighthouse in Jamestown, Rhode Island. The light was built primarily to assist the ferry between Jamestown and Newport, Rhode Island. The lighthouse lies on the northern tip of Conanicut Island in Jamestown. The light was deactivated in 1933 and its lantern was removed. In 1934 it was sold as government surplus and is now a private residence. The lighthouse is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was featured in Wes Anderson's 2012 film Moonrise Kingdom. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Newport County, Rhode Island Notes References Lighthouse pics and info America's Atlantic Coast Lighthouses, Kenneth Kochel, Betken Publications; 2nd ed., 1996. Northeast Lights: Lighthouses and Lightships, Rhode Island to Cape May, New Jersey, Robert Bachand, Sea Sports Publications. 1989. "Conanicut Lighthouse, RI," George Worthylake, The Keeper's Log, Winter 2004. Lighthouses completed in 1886 Lighthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island Lighthouses in Newport County, Rhode Island Buildings and structures in Jamestown, Rhode Island National Register of Historic Places in Newport County, Rhode Island

17327326

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badway%20Green

Badway Green

Badway Green is a piece of common land in the parish of Church Broughton in Derbyshire, England. References Geography of Derbyshire South Derbyshire District

20464549

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Macanese%20legislative%20election

2009 Macanese legislative election

Legislative elections were held in Macau on 20 September 2009. The official campaign began on 5 September, and several candidates received warnings from the Electoral Affairs Commission for having begun campaign activities beforehand. As in 2005, there are 29 seats, only 12 of which are elected by universal suffrage under the highest averages method. The rest are "elected" by the functional "constituencies" or appointed by the Chief Executive. The pro-democracy lists This year, there are four lists advocating universal suffrage and political reforms. In both 2001 and 2005, the New Democratic Macau Association, also referred as the democrats by local media, received the highest number of votes. Due to the divisors (1,2,4,8,...) employed in the highest averages method, they only managed to win 2 seats on both occasions (they would have achieved 3 seats had the original d'Hondt formula been used instead). Because of this, they split into two lists, namely Associação de Próspero Macau Democrático (APMD) and Associação Novo Macau Democrático (ANMD), contesting the election with the same manifesto. Similar strategies have been used by the Democratic Party of Hong Kong in the Hong Kong legislative elections, with mixed successes. APMD is led by Antonio Ng while Au Kam San leads ANMD, which means both lists have outgoing deputies (deputados) as their leading candidates. The democrats campaign for one man one vote for the CE in 2014 (with nominations from the 300-member election committee) and direct election with public nominations in 2019. For the AL, they suggest abolishing all indirectly elected seats in 2013 and the end of appointed seats by the CE in 2017. Agnes Lam, a local writer and an assistant professor of the University of Macau, leads the newly formed Observatório Cívico campaigning for direct election for the chief executive (CE) in 2019 and a directly elected legislative assembly (AL) by 2023. In addition to universal suffrage, Observatório Cívico also campaigns for reforming the electoral system by introducing multiple votes. She has also spoken against self-censorship in the local media and emphasised the importance of freedom of press. Some have questioned her pro-democracy views, with her being vice president of the pro-Beijing Macao Youth Foundation. Associação de Activismo para a Democracia, the most radical list of the four, concentrates on campaigning for universal suffrage for both CE and AL by 2019, but is less concerned about other issues. Their leading candidates were removed by the security during a CCAC (Comissariado Contra a Corrupção) rally for "clean election", which was represented by all 16 lists, after shouting slogans on stage. They only received 654 votes (0.52%) in 2005. Ng Seng Fong's pullout The 4th candidate of Au Kam San's list (Associação Novo Macau Democrático or ANDM), Ng Seng Fong has resigned and pulled out from the election on 16 September. A local Chinese language newspaper revealed that Ng was given a 3-year sentence in July for frauds dating back to 2005. Ng claimed that she herself did not know about the said court case and only found out about it on the internet. It is unclear how the court case carried out without her knowledge given that she commutes from Zhuhai to Macau frequently using her BIR (Macau ID card) to go through the custom. She has now filed an appeal against the decision. The police has launched an investigation into the leaks of these reports. It is claimed that only a handful of officers have access to the said records. The pro-Beijing lists The pro-Beijing lists can be divided into two categories, the ones with links to the business sector (especially the gaming industry) and those with traditionalist backgrounds. This year, they turn their attention to the economic crisis which has hit the gambling industry of Macau particularly badly. União para o Desenvolvimento emphasises on the need to diversify the local economy as well as reforming labour laws. União Macau-Guangdong on the other hand campaigns for greater cooperation between Macau and mainland China. Family reunification for immigrants from mainland China is also a campaign issues for various lists. Some of the pro-Beijing lists include political reform in their manifestos. However, they do not appear to support universal suffrage in the near future. UPP for example suggests the enlargement of election committee which would continue to elect the chief executive indirectly. AACPP and Aliança P’ra Mudança go further by claiming that Macau is "not ready" for universal suffrage. Gaming industry The gaming industry has a strong presence in the election. Casinos in Macau currently employ 50,000 people, it is therefore expected that at least four seats would go to candidates with links to the industry according to a study carried out by Hong Kong Baptist University. Angela Leong, the director of STDM is expected to be re-elected under the list Nova União para Desenvolvimento de Macau. Melinda Chan, the leading candidate for Aliança Pr'a Mudança, has also worked in the gaming and hotel industry. She campaigns against raising tax rates for the casinos and insists that casinos should bare no social responsibilities. Chan Meng Kam, the owner of Golden Dragon casino, together with Ung Choi Kun are running for re-election under the list Associação dos Cidadãos Unidos de Macau. They came second in 2005, but it was later revealed that their list was linked to a vote buying case for which 7 people were sent to prison. The election commission ruled that it is illegal to display campaign materials in casinos. However, the list of Angela Leong has ignored this ruling and continued to display political posters in Grand Lisboa, a casino owned by STDM. Macanese candidates A unified list consisting of mainly candidates with Portuguese descent (Macanese), some born in Macau and others in Portugal, contests in this legislative election, under the name Voz Plural - Gentes de Macau. The list also has Chinese members. The platform calls for the protection of the heritage of Macau in a modern context of multiculturalism. One of the main issue they campaign for is to protect rights of foreign workers in RAEM, in bid to win votes from the sizeable Philippines and Indonesian communities. Voz Plural is the only list which campaigns in roughly equal proportions in Chinese, Portuguese and English (see below). The top two candidates of Nova Esperança, José Pereira Coutinho and Rita Santos, are both Macanese. However, unlike Voz Plural, Nova Esperança concentrates on issues of labour rights and social issues. The outgoing deputy José Pereira Coutinho has proposed, but without success, the trade union bill twice during his time in the assembly so far. Both lists support gradual political reforms and increasing the number of directly elected deputies in AL. However, their programs are less ambitious than the pro-democracy lists. In particular, Voz Plural does not campaign for universal suffrage according to their manifesto, due to a perception that such claim is not realistic for the next 4 years, proposing instead the increase of directly elected members from 12 to 18. Languages There is no restriction on the choice of language used in the campaigns. Traditionally, candidates concentrate on winning votes from the Chinese majority. With the participation of Voz Plural, more efforts are being made to translate manifestos into minority languages this year. For the first time, ANMD (and APMD) will make use of its campaign air time on the Portuguese channel of TDM. União Promotora para o Progresso (UPP) also campaigns in both Chinese and Portuguese. Associação de Apoio à Comunidade e Proximidade do Povo (AACPP), Observatório Cívico and Voz Plural all campaigns in three languages (Chinese, Portuguese and English). AACPP even sends out leaflets in Braille. The use of Portuguese became an important election issue this year. During a debate between the two leading Macanese candidates, Casimiro Pinto and José Pereira Coutinho, organised by Ponto Final, discrimination against monoglot Portuguese was discussed. Apart from Voz Plural, Aliança Pr’a Mudança also supports multilingualism. Their education policies include promoting bilingual (Chinese and Portuguese) teaching in Macau. UPP also supports bilingualism favouring stronger ties with other lusophone trading partners. Controversies UPP's false start União Promotora Para o Progresso (UPP), a list associated to the Kaifong association, has breached election regulations by distributing campaign materials outside the legal campaign period (5 to 18 September). On 20 August, Au Kam San of the ANMD made an official complaint to the electoral commission after UPP distributed leaflets on the street and published campaign advertisements with pictures of the UUP candidates in a local magazine, União Geral das Associações de Moradores de Macau. The said magazine was published with subsidies from Fundação Macau. The democrats accused Fundação Macau of financing "illegal" campaigns using public funds. However, the president of the electoral commission, Vasco Fong, ruled that the actions of UUP were due to ignorance and refused to punish the list. Internet war There have been reports that some candidates received malicious emails containing a virus that would delete all the data of victims' computers. Observatórico Cívico claimed that they received tens of such messages. Many rumours have been spread on various internet forums. Many accusations were made against the democrats on the CTM forums, including claims of Au Kam San's link to Falun Gong. Smears against Kwan Tsui Hang Anonymous posters were displayed throughout the city making false accusations against the outgoing deputy and the leader of União Para o Desenvolvimento, Kwan Tsui Hang. The posters claimed that Kwan was against government's recent cash relief scheme and would rather allocate the funds for corruption purposes. Kwan has denied all such claims. Despite having complained to the election commission, the posters continued to appear on the streets asserting people were making the wrong choice (for electing Kwan). Ballot and Results There are in total 16 lists, down 2 from 2005. In one form or another, 9 lists have contested in the 2005 election. The ballot order was announced on 29 July. The election commissioner delayed the announcement of the final results after recording a large number of spoilt votes. On the first count, there were 6,539 spoilt votes, but 5,467 of them have been validated on the recount. Melinda Chan, the leading candidate of Aliança Pr'a Mudança, immediately filed a complaint against the decision arguing that according to electoral law, a tick should be put inside the designated box for the vote to be valid. On 28 September, the court of last repeal (o Tribunal de Última Instância) ruled in favour of Melinda Chan and concluded that only 41 of the original spoilt votes should be valid. The ruling does not change the overall outcome of the election with the 12 original elected deputies remaining elected, but there is a slight change in the "ranking" of the lists. |- style="text-align:center;" ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" class="unsortable"| ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" class="unsortable"| ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" |Political affiliation ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Popular votes ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |% of Votes ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Change in% of vote ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Seats ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Net changein seats |- | 4 ||style="background-color:;"| || Prosperous Democratic Macau AssociationAssociação de Próspero Macau Democrático (民主昌澳門) | 16,424 || 11.58 || N/A || 2 || +2 |- | 2 ||style="background-color:;"| || New HopeNova Esperança (新希望) | 12,908 || 9.10 || +1.11 || 1 || ±0 |- | 15 ||style="background-color:;"| || New Democratic Macau AssociationAssociação de Próspero Macau Democrático (民主昌澳門) | 11,024 || 7.77 || -11.03 || 1 || -1 |- | 6 ||style="background-color:;"| || Civil WatchObservatório Cívico (公民監察) | 5,329 || 3.76 || N/A || 0 || ±0 |- | 9 ||style="background-color:;"| || Activism for Democracy AssociationAssociação de Activismo para a Democracia (民主起動) | 1,141 || 0.80 || N/A || 0 || ±0 |- | 14 ||style="background-color:;"| || Plural Voices Peoples of MacauVoz Plural Gentes de Macau (齊聲建澳門) | 905 || 0.64 || N/A || 0 || ±0 |- | 11 ||style="background-color:;"| || Democratic Society AllianceAliança da Democracia de Sociedade (社會民主陣線) | 256 || 0.18 || N/A || 0 || ±0 |-style="background-color:#E9E9E9" || || || style="text-align:left;" | Total for Pro-democracy camp | 47,987 || 33.83 || +5.08 || 4 || +1 |- | 7 ||style="background-color:;"| || United Citizens Association of MacauAssociação dos Cidadãos Unidos de Macau (澳門民聯協進會) | 17,014 || 12.00 || -4.58 || 2 || ±0 |- | 10 ||style="background-color:;"| || New Union for Macau's DevelopmentNova União para Desenvolvimento de Macau (澳門發展新連盟) | 14,099 || 9.94 || +0.61 || 1 || ±0 |- | 1 ||style="background-color:;"| || Macau-Guangdong UnionUnião Macau-Guangdong (澳粵同盟) | 10,348 || 7.30 || N/A || 1 || +1 |- | 5 ||style="background-color:;"| || Alliance for ChangeAliança Pr'a Mudança (改革創新聯盟) | 7,857 || 5.54 || N/A || 1 || +1 |- | 3 ||style="background-color:;"| || Union for the Progress and DevelopmentUnião Para o Progresso e Desenvolvimento (同力建設聯盟) | 5,389 || 3.80 || N/A || 0 || ±0 |- | 12 ||style="background-color:;"| || Union for DevelopmentUnião Para O Desenvolvimento (同心協進會) | 22,098 || 14.88 || +1.59 || 2 || ±0 |- | 13 ||style="background-color:;"| || Union for Promoting ProgressUnião Promotora Para o Progresso (群力促進會) | 14,044 || 9.90 || +0.30 || 1 || -1 |- | 16 ||style="background-color:;"| || Association for Helping the Community and Engagement with the PeopleAssociação de Apoio à Comunidade e Proximidade do Povo (親民愛群協會) | 2,334 || 1.65 || -0.71 || 0 || ±0 |- | 8 ||style="background-color:;"| || "Social Justice" TeamEquipa de "Justiça Social" (社會公義) | 1,627 || 1.15 || N/A || 0 || ±0 |-style="background-color:#E9E9E9" || || || style="text-align:left;" | Total for Pro-establishment camp | 93,810 || 66.16 || -5.10 || 8 || -1 |- class="unsortable" !colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Total and Turnout!!style="background-color:#E9E9E9"| 149,006 !!style="background-color:#E9E9E9"| 59.91 !!style="background-color:#E9E9E9"| +1.52 !!style="background-color:#E9E9E9"| 12 !!style="background-color:#E9E9E9"| ±0 |- | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Valid votes || 141,797 || 95.16 | style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | |- | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Invalid votes || 6,498 || 4.36 | style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | |- | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Blank votes || 711 || 0.48 | style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | |- | colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Eligible voters | 248,708 | style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | |- !style="text-align:left;background-color:#E9E9E9" colspan=8|Functional constituencies and appointed members |- | — ||style="background-color:;"| || Macau Business Interest UnionUnião dos Interesses Empresariais de Macau(澳門僱主利益聯會) for business | style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || 4 || ±0 |- | — ||style="background-color:;"| || Employees Association Joint Candidature CommissionComissão Conjunta da Candidatura das Associações de Empregados(僱員團體聯合) for labor | style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || 2 || ±0 |- | — ||style="background-color:;"| || Macau professional Interest UnionUnião dos Interesses Profissionais de Macau(澳門專業利益聯會) for professionals | style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || 2 || ±0 |- | — ||style="background-color:;"| || Excellent Culture and Sports Union AssociationAssociação União Cultural e Desportiva Excelente(優裕文康聯合會) for welfare, culture, education and sport | style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || 2 || ±0 |- | — ||style="background-color:;"| || Members appointed by the Chief Executive | style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || style="background-color:#E9E9E9;" | || 7 || ±0 |} The strategies of the democrats paid off, they managed to increase 1 seat which means there will be 4 pro-democracy deputies (including José Pereira Coutinho) in the new assembly. The traditionalists lost one seat despite both UPP and UPD increased their number of votes. In fact, UPD received the largest number of votes as a single list and saw the largest increase in votes. For the pro-business camp, there remain 5 deputies, 4 of which from the gaming industry. Analysts pointed out that there has not been a huge change in the make up of the AL which continues to be dominated by the pro-Beijing camp. Candidates lists and results Geographical constituencies (12 seats) Voting System: Closed party-list proportional representation with the Highest averages method. Functional constituencies (10 seats) Nominated Members (7 seats) Members appointed by the Chief Executive Fernando Chui Sai On José Chui Sai Peng Ho Sio Kam Tommy LauVeng Seng Dominic Sio Chi Wa Tong Io Cheng Tsui Wai Kwan Vong Hin Fai Turnout 28 polling stations were open from 9am to 9pm. A total of 149,006 (59.91% of registered voters) people voted, a record high. The regional breakdowns are as follows. References External links Official results 2009 elections in China 2009 legislative 2009 in Macau

6899615

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20tallest%20structures%20in%20Japan

List of tallest structures in Japan

Japan has more than 270 high-rise buildings above . Unlike other Asian countries with skyscrapers exceeding in height, Japan's skyscrapers are relatively shorter. Construction is difficult due to the high cost of labor and construction material; all buildings above must also be as earthquake-proof as possible and adhere to other strict structural standards. The tallest building in Japan is currently the tall Azabudai Hills Main Tower, located in Azabudai Hills, Tokyo. One new building is set to rise over and surpass Abeno Harukas as Japan's tallest. In 2027, the Torch Tower, to be built at the Tokyo Torch district, will become the new tallest building in Japan. Completed This list ranks Japanese skyscrapers that stand at least tall, based on standard height measurement. This height includes spires and architectural details but does not include antenna masts. An equal sign (=) following a rank indicates the same height between two or more buildings. The "Year" column indicates the year in which a building was completed. Existing partially habitable structures are included for comparison purposes; however, they are not ranked. Under construction This lists buildings and free-standing structures that are under construction in Japan and are planned to rise at least 180 metres (590 ft). Any buildings that have been topped out but are not completed are also included. Proposed This lists buildings that are proposed for construction in Japan and are planned to rise at least 180 metres (591 ft). Timeline of tallest buildings This is a list of buildings that once held the title of tallest building in Japan. From its completion in 1958 and until the opening of the Tokyo Skytree in 2011, Tokyo Tower retained the title of tallest structure in Japan, aside from various guyed masts that were built in the 1960s and 1970s, later dismantled in the 1990s. Tallest structures This list ranks Japanese structures that stand at least 210 metres (689 ft) tall, based on standard height measurement. This height includes spires, architectural details and antenna masts. Demolished or destroyed structures See also List of tallest structures in Tokyo List of tallest structures in Osaka Prefecture List of tallest buildings in Nagoya List of tallest buildings in Asia List of tallest buildings References General Diagram of Japanese skyscrapers at SkyscraperPage.com Specific External links Diagram of skyscrapers at SkyscraperPage.com Tallest buildings Japan

23571476

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred%20County%20Railway

Alfred County Railway

Alfred County Railway is an abandoned narrow gauge railway in South Africa, which runs from the southern transport hub of Port Shepstone on the Indian Ocean, via Izotsha and Paddock for to Harding, KwaZulu-Natal. Background South Africa, rich in natural resources and fertile lands, has many areas that are ideal for agricultural production. However, the steep mountainous terrain between the resource rich areas in the high veld and the coastal ports presented a transport challenge. Before well maintained and reliable access roads had been developed, narrow gauge railways were used extensively by South African farmers to move produce from their large farms to central sorting and packing points on their own land. As a result, entrepreneurial business people created linking railways to transport the produce from the sorting and packing points to the coastal ports. Their choice of gauge was determined by the gauge that was being used in each local area and varied between the early to the later Cape gauge of . Original operations Designed as part of the Natal Government Railways' (NGR) project to transport sugar cane and bananas grown in the agricultural Harding district to Port Shepstone, the NGR commissioned Stoke-on-Trent based Kerr Stuart to build seven Class NG4 4-6-2T tank locomotives, based on the 1907 Class NG3 4-6-2T. The route of the Alfred County Railway had some curves of , but with gradients of up to 3 in 100 / 3% (ruling grade of 1 in 37 / 2.7% for after leaving the coast), the NG4s and their replacements were often double-headed to haul the diverse freight traffic of wood, sugar cane and bananas to Port Shepstone. The line's management decided against purchasing more powerful articulated Garratt locomotives, because their longer wheelbase would make access to the sugar cane fields more difficult. From the mid-1970s, steam was replaced by Class 91-000 diesel-electric locomotives on the SAR's longer routes, which were more powerful. Also, being shorter in chassis length, these diesel-electric locomotives were able to access the growers' farms. Therefore, the SAR decided to transfer the NG G13 and NG G16 Garratts to the Alfred County Railway in Natal. Due to underinvestment, the Alfred County Railway became increasingly unreliable, and was closed to operations by the SAR in 1986. Port Shepstone and Alfred County Railway As South Africa's farmers re-entered the global markets in the late 1980s, the quality of produce going to markets became increasingly important. As handling is a key issue in the retail quality of bananas in particular, the farmers were in favour of reviving the Alfred County Railway, to reduce the amount of handling from banana plantation to port. To raise funds and reduce government expenditure, the Government of South Africa announced it would gradually put into private hands its huge state-owned corporations, including the state electricity corporation, Eskom, and SA Transport Services which owned SAR. The Alfred County Railway was hence chosen as the pilot railway privatisation project. In reality, SAR/Transnet still owned the line, infrastructure and the stock as a nationally strategic asset; while the new Port Shepstone and Alfred County Railway (PSACR) was granted an operational and maintenance lease for a period of 199 years. The company inherited 25 steam locomotives - of which only one, an NG G16, was operational - plus rolling stock. The company announced a business plan expected to win back lucrative business from farmers and timber growers. In March 1988, the PSACR raised funds by offering 1.8 million shares for sale at one rand each. Class NG G16A As part of their development to keep the railway competitive, the PSACR upgraded two of their existing Class NG G16 locomotives. The engineers incorporated developments proposed by L.D. Porta, including GPCS, Lempor exhaust, an improved spark arrestor, lightweight multi-ring articulated piston valves, improved valve events and improved mechanical lubrication. Two locomotives were modified: No. 141 in 1989 and No. 155 in 1990, and reclassified to Class NG G16A. In comparative testing No. 141 gave a fuel saving of 25% compared to a standard SAR Class NG G16 Garratt, and was easily maintained in regular service. Demise to road transport Initially, the venture lost money heavily, but after making profits from year three, the venture decided to try to return to an all-steam powered railway. The tourism based passenger train, the Banana Express, had always been steam powered, while the advantages of power and a short wheelbase meant that PSACR decided to lease SAR 91 Class diesels to provide hauling for commercial freight services. The revived PSACR became Spoornet's second largest customer at Port Shepstone. This was driven by the operations of Kulu Lime and the Natal Portland Cement, plus pulpwood, poplar logs (for matchwood), creosoted telegraph poles, and manufactured wooden items from Harding. North bound inland traffic was general cargo for the farmers, such as maize, fertilizer, salt, cement, farm implements and water tanks and small parcels. The company also revived the Banana Express. In 1991 Spoornet acquired one-million shares in PSACR, equivalent to a 28% shareholding, which gave users greater confidence in the PSACR service. The "Narrow Arrow" piggyback train was introduced for supply to the Port Shepstone pulp mill, where an entire train of 26 narrow gauge wagons was ramped onto a Spoornet train consisting of 13 wagons, having flexible connecting bridges. This eliminated the trans-shipping of timber at Port Shepstone and reduced transfer time from 14 hours to two hours. A further endeavour was the "Timbertainer," an intermodal system where pulpwood could be loaded into an open container at a plantation and taken through to the mill. Plans were in place for a similar initiative for sugar cane shipments. However, by the mid-1990s the effects of transport deregulation began to impact of the profitability of the PSACR as larger, often overloaded, road trucks becoming ever more competitive. Although Spoornet made representations to the government, transport regulations were further relaxed to allow a higher gross vehicle mass (GVM) of , a higher axle load from , together with a 5% overload tolerance: the highest heavy vehicle mass with unlimited access to the roads of any country in the world. As a result, Spoornet began to lose general freight traffic, and PSACR's reliance on trans-shipment increased transport times and costs. The railway began a gradual decline, eventually failing in 2001 when it lost the key Port Shepstone "Narrow Arrow" wood pulping contract, due to unreliability problems resulting from labour relation issues at Spoornet. Suspending freight operations, the line continued to operate the Banana Express, but accumulated huge debts to Spoornet. As a result of these increasing debts, Transnet decided to legally force the venture into bankruptcy in 2004. Banana Express After the termination of the PSACR lease, Patons Country Narrow Gauge Railway (PCNGR) was granted a temporary permit to continue running the Banana Express, from Port Shepstone to Paddock. The company had three locomotives available to it: NGG16 Nos.151 and 127; plus an ex-sugar estate 0-4-0T, SAR NG UVE2. With a 6-hour journey totally devoted to tourism and enabling access to local attractions and businesses, it again became very popular with tourists because of both the scenery and the access to local businesses. Before reaching Shelley Beach the railway traversed several river bridges along the Hibiscus Coast. The train then veered inland and chugged up through banana plantations and cane fields towards Izotsha, passed through lush sub-tropical native forests and rondavel-dotted hillsides, before stopping in Paddock for lunch and then the direct return journey. Although PCNGR had proposals to reopen the line to Harding, in December 2005 Transnet shut the Banana Express, after they decreed a lease did not exist between SAR and PCNGR. On 18 June 2008 a huge storm hit the coast, which resulted in large amounts of flash flooding. This damaged many of the railway's bridges along the Hibiscus Coast so that they were considered to be beyond economic repair, and washed most of the Izotsha rail bridges away. Several steam locomotives and several carriages that were used on the Banana Express are stored at Paddock Hamba Wehelle Express In 2015 a short section of the railway line - between Paddock and Plains - was in use and a limited tourist service was being provided using a light weight carriage and an industrial Hunslet diesel locomotive The service is known as the Hamba Wehelle Express (or Humba Weheli Express) and was operated in conjunction with the Gorgez View Bed and Breakfast/Conference Centre/Coffee Shop at Paddock however by 2016 the service was suspended See also Avontuur Railway Sandstone Estates Welsh Highland Railway South African Class 91-000 Two foot gauge railways in South Africa References External links Press Release re closure of Banana Express Youtube Video of the railway in 1991. Narrow Gauge World Magazine May - June 2010 - Article about this railway 2 ft gauge railways in South Africa Railway lines in South Africa Transport in KwaZulu-Natal 1917 establishments in South Africa

6899623

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern%20Democratic%20Alliance

Southern Democratic Alliance

The Southern Democratic Alliance () is a pro-democracy political organization in Hong Kong. The Alliance was founded on February 1, 2004. Its stated mission is to unite South Asians with local Chinese to build up a colorful Hong Kong. According to the party's chair, James Lung, local media have termed the Alliance the "Rising Sun of South Asians in the city." Specifically emphasizing the need for stronger anti-discrimination legislation, the Alliance has focused on the desires of South Asians, specifically the Nepalese population in Hong Kong. One ally of the party has been the Nepalese spiritual group Heavenly Path. The two groups cosponsored a peace rally on July 1, 2007, which organizers claim drew more than 100 attendees. The party's support for peace and reconciliation, including between mainland China and Taiwan, is at odds with official policy. This and other disagreement may have led to the August 4, 2008 closure of e-Wiki, a collaborative wiki website that hosted articles linking party chairman James Lung to the banned Falun Gong movement and which described his criticism of China's Communist Party. More recently, the Alliance has petitioned for the accommodation of English-dominant minority groups in Hong Kong, asking the Subcommittee on Race Discrimination to make English-language job postings available from the labor department. The Southern Democratic Alliance first fielded candidates in the 2008 Legislative Council elections, in the Kowloon West district. Its nominees were party chairman James Lung and Heavenly Path spiritual leader Sukra Bantawa, an ethnic Nepali. In the September 7, 2008 election, the Alliance received only 591 votes, out of 206,583 cast, or 0.3%. References External links Website of Southern Democratic Alliance Political parties established in 2004 Political parties in Hong Kong

6899628

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VeloBind

VeloBind

VeloBind is a type of book binding often offered at copy and print shops. Velobinding involves punching several small holes along the edge of an unbound book. A strip of plastic with rigid tines is inserted into the holes from the top of the book, and a strip with corresponding holes is placed on the back with the tines protruding through. The book is then placed in a machine that holds the book tightly while the excess length of the tines is cut and the tips melted to seal the bind. The term "VeloBind" is a trademark of the General Binding Corporation, but is regularly used generically to refer to this process, though strip binding is also sometimes used. Though velobinding is intended to be permanent, the binding can be carefully removed using a utility knife or the special cutting tool included with the binding machine. Hardcover books can be created using the VeloBind process. Two adhesive inner covers are bound with the prospective contents. These adhesive pages are applied to the inside of a paperboard hard case, itself decoratively covered and containing an adhesive strip that matches with the spine. Book information can be embossed onto the cover with a contrasting foil. VeloBind hardcovers are often used to preserve theses and dissertations. It is possible to take a soft covered Velo-bound book, remove the old binding and cover, and re-bind it with a hard cover, which may be pre-embossed for more a more impressive appearance. This rapid up-grade was the cause of the short-lived motto "Soft to hard in 30 seconds!" That was first done when the firm was located in Sunnyvale, California. There are a number of different styles of Velobind that are available from GBC. The most common style of Velobind strips have eleven pins that are equally spaced across the spine. This style of strips is used by a hot knife binding machine such as the GBC V800pro, Velobind System 2 or Velobind System Three Pro. All of those machines use a heated knife to permanently weld documents in place. Other styles of Velobind binding strips include four pin reclosable strips and six pin reclosable strips. Four pin Velobind strips are designed for use with either an eleven hole pattern or with a four hole pattern. Six pin strips are designed for use with the personal velobinder which has now been discontinued. Both of these styles of strips allow users to edit their documents by simply snapping the excess portion of the pins into the back of the receiving strip. One other style of GBC Velobind strips is the 111 or One-Eleven binding strips. The style uses a strip with serrated pins. The machine compresses the spine together locking the pages in place and then cuts the excess portion of the pins off to finish the document. The GBC 111 Velobind machine has been discontinued for many years and the supplies for this binding style are becoming difficult to find. References See also Unibind External links Official Site: ACCO/GBC VeloBind products page Bookbinding

17327371

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005%20Lincolnshire%20County%20Council%20election

2005 Lincolnshire County Council election

The 2005 Lincolnshire County Council election was held on Thursday, 5 May 2005, the same day as the general election. The whole council of 77 members was up for election and the election resulted in the Conservative Party retaining control of the council, winning 45 seats. Election result Results by division Alford and Sutton Ancholme Cliff Bardney and Cherry Willingham Bassingham Rural Billinghay and Metheringham Boston Coastal Boston East Boston Fishtoft Boston North West Boston Rural Boston South Boston West Bourne Abbey Bourne Castle Bracebridge Heath and Waddington Branston and Navenby Colsterworth Rural Crowland and Whaplode Deeping St James Donington Rural Folkingham Rural Gainsborough Hill Gainsborough Rural South Gainsborough Trent Grantham Barrowby References 2005 English local elections 2000s in Lincolnshire 2005

6899646

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead-bismuth%20eutectic

Lead-bismuth eutectic

Lead-Bismuth Eutectic or LBE is a eutectic alloy of lead (44.5 at%) and bismuth (55.5 at%) used as a coolant in some nuclear reactors, and is a proposed coolant for the lead-cooled fast reactor, part of the Generation IV reactor initiative. It has a melting point of 123.5 °C/255.3 °F (pure lead melts at 327 °C/621 °F, pure bismuth at 271 °C/520 °F) and a boiling point of 1,670 °C/3,038 °F. Lead-bismuth alloys with between 30% and 75% bismuth all have melting points below 200 °C/392 °F. Alloys with between 48% and 63% bismuth have melting points below 150 °C/302 °F. While lead expands slightly on melting and bismuth contracts slightly on melting, LBE has negligible change in volume on melting. History The Soviet Alfa-class submarines used LBE as a coolant for their nuclear reactors throughout the Cold War. The Russians are the acknowledged experts in lead-bismuth cooled reactors, with OKB Gidropress (the Russian developers of the VVER-type Light-water reactors) having special expertise in their development. The SVBR-75/100, a modern design of this type, is one example of the extensive Russian experience with this technology. Gen4 Energy (formerly Hyperion Power Generation), a United States firm connected with Los Alamos National Laboratory, announced plans in 2008 to design and deploy a uranium nitride fueled small modular reactor cooled by lead-bismuth eutectic for commercial power generation, district heating, and desalinization. The proposed reactor, called the Gen4 Module, is planned as a 70 MWth reactor of the sealed modular type, factory assembled and transported to site for installation, and transported back to factory for refueling. Advantages As compared to sodium-based liquid metal coolants such as liquid sodium or NaK, lead-based coolants have significantly higher boiling points, meaning a reactor can be operated without risk of coolant boiling at much higher temperatures. This improves thermal efficiency and could potentially allow hydrogen production through thermochemical processes. Lead and LBE also do not react readily with water or air, in contrast to sodium and NaK which ignite spontaneously in air and react explosively with water. This means that lead- or LBE-cooled reactors, unlike sodium-cooled designs, would not need an intermediate coolant loop, which reduces the capital investment required for a plant. Both lead and bismuth are also an excellent radiation shield, absorbing gamma radiation while simultaneously being virtually transparent to neutrons. In contrast, sodium forms the potent gamma emitter sodium-24 (half-life 15 hours) following intense neutron radiation, requiring a large radiation shield for the primary cooling loop. As heavy nuclei, lead and bismuth can be used as spallation targets for non-fission neutron production, as in accelerator transmutation of waste (see energy amplifier). Both lead-based and sodium-based coolants have the advantage of relatively high boiling points as compared to water, meaning it is not necessary to pressurise the reactor even at high temperatures. This improves safety as it reduces the probability of a loss of coolant accident (LOCA), and allows for passively safe designs. The thermodynamic cycle (Carnot cycle) is also more efficient with a larger difference of temperature. However, a disadvantage of higher temperatures is also the higher corrosion rate of metallic structural components in LBE due to their increased solubility in liquid LBE with temperature (formation of amalgam) and to liquid metal embrittlement. Limitations Lead and LBE coolant are more corrosive to steel than sodium, and this puts an upper limit on the velocity of coolant flow through the reactor due to safety considerations. Furthermore, the higher melting points of lead and LBE (327 °C and 123.5 °C respectively) may mean that solidification of the coolant may be a greater problem when the reactor is operated at lower temperatures. Finally, upon neutron radiation bismuth-209, the main isotope of bismuth present in LBE coolant, undergoes neutron capture and subsequent beta decay, forming polonium-210, a potent alpha emitter. The presence of radioactive polonium in the coolant would require special precautions to control alpha contamination during refueling of the reactor and handling components in contact with LBE. See also Subcritical reactor (accelerator-driven system) References External links NEA 2015 LBE Handbook Fusible alloys Nuclear reactor coolants Nuclear materials Bismuth

20464555

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EQTEC

EQTEC

EQTEC PLC (formerly REACT Energy PLC and Kedco PLC) is a bioscience energy company operating in the United Kingdom and Ireland which was established in 2005. Stock market listing Kedco floated on the Alternative Investment Market (AIM) of the London Stock Exchange on Monday 20 October 2008. Kedco was admitted to the AIM at 17.5c per share giving the company a market capitalisation of €35 million. Share price since launch spiked at over 30 cent a share before falling over the following months and as of early May 2010 stands at 7 cent a share. The company has made significant losses since its foundation in 2005, however losses have fallen along with revenue since an investment by FBD and entry into the LSE. On 17 February 2010 the company announced that it had "been unable to secure financing on suitable terms" for a development in Newry and that it may have to "pursue alternative means of maintaining adequate cash reserves including management of its working capital position". On 10 May 2010 the company admitted that it had still not been successful in finding alternative funding and announced the appointment of external advisers to assist in this aim. The company was subsequently able to source adequate funding to meet its day to day obligations, however February 2011 saw renewed fears being expressed that the company was about to delist from the AIM. Subsequently the Chief Executive Officer resigned on 31 March 2011. React Energy plc At the company's AGM in November 2013 it was decided to change the company's name from Kedco PLC to REACT Energy PLC to reflect the company's changed business focus. The share price of the company has remained volatile since renaming and trading in the company's shares was briefly suspended in December 2014 amid concerns about the future viability of the company. In 2016, Farmer Business Development plc invested in REACT to keep the project afloat. EQTEC In February 2017, the company was once again renamed, this time to EQTEC PLC. Kedco Kedco operated 2 distinct divisions targeting both Residential and Industrial client bases. The Power division specialises in power generation from sustainable fuel sources with Kedco providing bio-science solutions to industrial clients by converting waste into an energy resource. The Energy division supplied renewable energy heating products within Ireland, primarily to residential customers. Kedco registered with the Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland as Wood Pellet Ireland. Both divisions remained in operation for a period of time, however the company stated in a press release in late 2008 that "Kedco Power constitutes the main part of the company going forward". The company subsequently decided to cease supplying products to the domestic market and since 2012 it has focused exclusively on industrial energy solutions. See also Bioethanol Anaerobic digestion Wood pellets References Renewable energy companies of Europe Renewable energy companies of the United Kingdom Energy companies of the Republic of Ireland Renewable energy in Ireland Companies based in Cork (city) Companies listed on the Alternative Investment Market

17327372

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genaro%20V%C3%A1zquez%20Rojas

Genaro Vázquez Rojas

Genaro Vázquez Rojas (June 10, 1931February 2, 1972) was a Mexican school teacher, organiser, militant, and guerrilla fighter. Civic Associations Guerreran Civic Community Genaro Vázquez Rojas studied law at the National Autonomous University of Mexico () (UNAM), however did not finish. At age 24 he co-founded the Guerreran Civic Community (CCG), while teaching at schools in the slums of the Federal District. The following year in 1958 Vázquez Rojas participated in the Revolutionary Teachers' Movement (MRM) during the strike and seizure of the Secretariat of Public Education. Vázquez Rojas would eventually be fired from his teacher's position and go on to represent coffee, copra, and palm workers before the Department of Agrarian Affairs and Colonization (DAAC). Guerrero Civic Association Between 1958 and 1960, the CCG would transform into the with the stated goals of fighting for land reform and peasant workers. On May 13, 1960, Vázquez Rojas called his first neighborhood meeting in the San Francisco district of Chilpancingo, Guerrero, demanding an investigation of Raul Caballero Aburto, then Governor of Guerrero. On October 30, 1960, the ACG led 5,000 people in protest in a civic stand-in, similar to that of a sit-in, in support of recent demonstrations by students at the state university. Two years later, on December 31, 1962, 3,000 protesters assembled in Iguala, police attacked the demonstrators, 28 people were killed, dozens wounded, and 156 were arrested. The ACG was outlawed following the protests and Vázquez Rojas was accused of killing an agent assigned to watch him. Vázquez Rojas fled to the north-east, where he lay in hiding for four years. Genaro Vázquez Rojas was eventually captured at the offices of the National Liberation Movement () (MLN) on November 9, 1966. On April 22, 1968, the ACG would attack the prison in Iguala and free its captured leader. Following the escape, Vázquez Rojas fled to the hills of the sierra, where he began working on the goals of the ACG on a national level. With the new outlook came a new name, the ACG was reformed into the Guerreran National Civic Association (GNCA). Guerreran National Civic Association The GNCA, inspired by Fidel Castro's 1962 Declaration of Havana and the National Liberation Movement's (MLN) August 1961 program, was created to sustain a prolonged guerrilla struggle. The GNCA aimed to create links to other guerrilla organizations and coordinate revolution not just through Guerrero, but also throughout the country. In December 1971, once the goals of the GNCA had been met, the organization was renamed to the Asociación Cívica Nacional Revolucionaria (ACNR). The ACNR continued to support the guerrilla groups and work toward uniting other radical groups. Asociación Cívica Nacional Revolucionaria The ACNR conducted three guerrilla operations, all taking place between the years of 1969 and 1971. On April 19, 1969 the ACNR organized an assault on the Mexican Commercial Bank, the attack was deemed a failure as the police were able to recover three million stolen pesos and detain the guerrillas who conducted the raid. Due to a mechanical problem with the getaway vehicle, a taxi, the guerrillas were quickly captured and brought to custody. On January 5, 1971, Conaciano Luna Radilla, manager of Commercial Bank of the South, was kidnapped on the highway. A ransom of half a million pesos was requested and received and Conaciano was freed. The final act was taken on November 19, 1971, with the kidnapping of Jaime Castrejón Diez. Diez was the owner of a Coca-Cola concession, proprietor of "Yoli" soft drink factories, Chancellor of University of Guerrero, and ex-mayor of Taxco. The ACNR demanded the release of nine political prisoners, two and a half million pesos, and formal trials of all peasants held in military barracks. The ACNR received a ransom of 500,000 pesos, and the release of the nine political prisoners to Cuba. Diez was released on December 1, 1971. Death The ACNR, operating along the Costa Grande between Acapulco and the Balsas River, drew the ire of the federal government for their actions. In response, they were pursued by army battalions, helicopters, paratroopers, and counter-insurgency technology developed by the United States in Vietnam. On February 2, 1972, Vázquez Rojas was captured by the army after fleeing a car wreck, it is believed he died from his wounds, although local sources in Morelia disputed the official version and claimed that Vázquez was extrajudicially executed by the army. See also Donald Clark Hodges References 1933 births 1972 deaths Mexican communists Mexican educators Mexican rebels Mexican revolutionaries People from Guerrero Mexican guerrillas Socialism in Mexico Military history of Mexico

20464565

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountaineer%20Militia

Mountaineer Militia

Mountaineer Militia was a local anti-government paramilitary group, members of which plotted to blow up an FBI building Clarksburg, West Virginia in 1996. The group also used the name West Virginia Mountaineer Militia, and had ties with another militias from other states. Plot and arrest On October 11, 1996, seven men having connections with the Mountaineer Militia, a local anti-government paramilitary group, were arrested on charges of plotting to blow up the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Criminal Justice Information Services Division in Clarksburg, West Virginia, after a 16-month investigation. The group had even considered the killing United States Senator Jay Rockefeller and Federal Reserve chairman Alan Greenspan in a "holy war" against the "tiranous" U.S. government. While members of the group had been assembling large quantities of explosives and blasting caps, militia leader Floyd Raymond Looker obtained blueprints of the FBI facility from a Clarksburg, West Virginia firefighter. Plastic explosives were confiscated by law enforcement officials at five locations in West Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Ohio. Looker was taken into custody after arranging to sell the blueprints for $50,000 to an undercover FBI agent, whom he believed to be a representative of an international terrorist group. In 1998 Looker was sentenced to 18 years in prison. Two other defendants were sentenced on explosives charges, and the firefighter drew a year in prison for providing blueprints. The charges with those who were judge include conspiracy to manufacture explosives, transport explosives across state lines and place them near the FBI's Criminal Justice Information Services center in Clarksburg. Two of the arrested, Edward Moore and Jack Phillips, were charged for the making and dealing in explosives, including homemade nitroglycerine and C-4. Before the arrests, Moore said to Mr. Looker and the Government informer that he had perfected a homemade rocket-propelled grenade. Also, the authorities said, the group held a training practices in which they detonated an improvised explosive that left a hole two feet wide and four feet deep. Other arrested were James R. Rogers, (40) a firefighter from Clarksburg. He is accused for the providing of 12 photographs of blueprints of the FBI complex, including plans for the underground computer center, with the objective to attack that part of the complex. The group also posted a video on the internet called "America Under Siege," alleging acts authorized by the federal government against its own people. Convictions On March 29, 1998, the leader Floyd "Ray" Looker was convicted and sentenced to 18 years in a federal prison. Looker (57), was among the first to be charged under a 1994 antiterrorism law that makes it a crime to provide material resources to terrorists activities. While Looker pleaded guilty to the conspiracy charges, on several occasions he mentioned that the plans and materials he had couldn't have made the attack successful. James R. Rogers, was sentenced to 10 years. Notes Terrorism in the United States Paramilitary organizations based in the United States Right-wing militia organizations in the United States 1996 in West Virginia 1995 establishments in West Virginia 1990s disestablishments in West Virginia Organizations based in West Virginia

17327377

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchurian%20revival

Manchurian revival

The Manchurian revival of 1908 was a Protestant revival that occurred in churches and mission stations in Manchuria (now Liaoning Province, China). It was the first such revival to gain nationwide publicity in China, as well as international repute. The revival occurred during a series of half-day-long meetings led by Jonathan Goforth, a Canadian Presbyterian missionary with the Canadian Presbyterian Mission, who, along with his wife, Rosalind (Bell-Smith) Goforth, went on to become the foremost missionary revivalist in early 20th-century China and helped to establish revivalism as a major element of missionary work. The effect of the revivals in China reached overseas and contributed to some tension among Christian denominations in the United States, fueling the Fundamentalist–Modernist Controversy in the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America. Beginnings In 1907, the Great Pyongyang revival took place in Pyongyang, Korea that involved more than 1000 people during a series of meetings where there was an emphasis of teaching on the work of the Holy Spirit. This influenced revivals in China, including the Manchurian revival of 1908. Goforth notes a fellow missionary's initial observations of the Manchurian Revival in his book, By My Spirit: Goforth arrived in Manchuria in February, 1908, but according to Goforth's account, he "…had no method. I did not know how to conduct a Revival. I could deliver an address and let the people pray, but that was all." Shenyang Goforth held a series of special meetings at Shenyang (Mukden), with some initial opposition from church leaders, there. After Goforth's address the first morning an elder stood up before all the people and confessed to having embezzled church funds. The effect on the hearers was “instantaneous". One person gave a “piercing cry" then many, now in tears, began spontaneous prayer and confession. For three days these incidents continued. Goforth recorded, That year hundreds of members returned to the church fellowship, many of them confessing that they did not think that they had ever really been converted before. Liaoyang Goforth then traveled to hold a series of meetings at the Liaoyang congregation. He wrote: Guangning Goforth proceeded to Guangning (Kwangning) (near Beizhen, Liaoning) where it was told him by another missionary that, "Reports have come to us of the meetings at Mukden and Liaoyang. I thought I had better tell you, right at the beginning, that you need not expect similar results here." After Goforth had given his sermon, he said to the people: Spontaneous prayers come forth from several individuals at every meeting, followed by more confessions of sin and wrongdoing among church leaders. Goforth wrote: Jinzhou From the very first meeting that Goforth led at Jinzhou (Chinchow) a renewal movement began to develop. Intense prayer and anxiety to get rid of sin characterized the effect on these believer as it had done at the other mission stations. Dr. Walter Phillips, who was present at two of the meetings in Jinzhou, wrote: Xinmin The Christians in Xinmin (Shinminfu) had suffered persecution during the Boxer Rebellion of 1900. 54 of the church had been killed and were considered "martyrs" for dying for their faith at the hands of the Boxers. The survivors had prepared a list, containing 250 names of those who had taken part in the massacre. It was hoped by some that revenge would one day be possible. However, after the revival meetings, the list of names was brought up to the front of the church and torn into pieces and the fragments were trampled under foot. Yingkou Goforth ministered at Yingkou (Newchwang), the final resting-place of Scottish missionary William Chalmers Burns. Burns' impact was still being felt 40 years later among the Christian community of Yingkou. However, the same kind of repentance and prayer broke out, here as Goforth wrote: References Bibliography Rosalind Goforth,Goforth of China; McClelland and Stewart, (1937), Bethany House, 1986. Rosalind Goforth, How I Know God Answers Prayer (1921), Zondervan. Ruth A. Tucker, From Jerusalem to Iriyan Jaya; A Biographical History of Christian Missions; 1983, Zondervan. By My Spirit (1929, 1942, 1964, 1983) Rosalind Goforth, Chinese Diamonds for the King of Kings (1920, 1945) Alvyn Austin, Saving China: Canadian Missionaries in the Middle Kingdom, 1888–1959 (1986), chaps. 2, 6 Daniel H. Bays, Christian Revival in China, 1900–1937 Edith L. Blumhofer and Randall Balmer, eds., Modern Christian Revivals (1993) James Webster, Times of Blessing in Manchuria (1908) "Revival in Manchuria," p. 4; published by the Presbyterian Church in Ireland. Protestantism in China Christian revivals History of Christianity in China

23571480

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommy%20Ryan%20%28Australian%20footballer%29

Tommy Ryan (Australian footballer)

Jeremiah "Tommy" Ryan (12 August 1873 – 29 August 1948) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the Melbourne Football Club and St Kilda Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL). Ryan, a rover and forward, came to Melbourne from Richmond City. He had spent 1893, 1895 and 1896 playing in the Victorian Football Association (VFA) for both Carlton and Richmond. On his VFL debut, Ryan kicked five goals as Melbourne defeated St Kilda by 93 points at the MCG. He was the club's leading goal-kicker in their premiership year of 1900 with 24 goals, one of those in the 1900 VFL Grand Final which he played from a forward pocket. References Holmesby, Russell and Main, Jim (2007). The Encyclopedia of AFL Footballers. 7th ed. Melbourne: Bas Publishing. External links Demonwiki profile Blueseum profile 1873 births 1948 deaths Australian rules footballers from Victoria (Australia) Australian Rules footballers: place kick exponents Richmond Football Club (VFA) players Melbourne Football Club players St Kilda Football Club players Melbourne Football Club Premiership players One-time VFL/AFL Premiership players

23571483

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akaflieg%20Stuttgart%20F.1

Akaflieg Stuttgart F.1

The Akaflieg Stuttgart F-1 Fledermaus (Bat) was a glider designed and built in Germany from 1932. Development The 'F.1' was the first glider designed and built at Akaflieg Stuttgart (Akademische Fliegergruppe) using a wind tunnel and innovative thinking. As built, the F.1 had no vertical tail, using rotatable wing-tip panels for roll and yaw control. The fuselage was curved to follow the downwash from the wing and rested solely on a single large skid under the forward fuselage, not having a tail-skid. The completely enclosed cockpit included a hanging control column, to simplify the control run, and airbrakes, for use on the ground, using the cockpit canopy. The F.1 entered its first competition at Rhön in 1933, but the technical committee insisted that the glider be given a conventional vertical tail, despite protests that the F.1 had already flown a 300 km distance task as built. The fliegergruppe acquiesced and built a vertical tail overnight, with the F.1 claiming several prizes during the competition. Specifications (F.1) See also References External links Photo of F 1, D-Fledermaus, flown by K.Baur, Rhön 1934. 1930s German sport aircraft 1930s German sailplanes Glider aircraft Aircraft first flown in 1933 Akaflieg Stuttgart aircraft

23571485

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USAT%20J.%20W.%20McAndrew

USAT J. W. McAndrew

USAT J. W. McAndrew was a Type C3-P&C troop ship for the United States Army during World War II. The ship was built by the Bethlehem Sparrows Point Shipyard of Baltimore in 1940 as SS Deltargentino for the United States Maritime Commission on behalf of the Mississippi Shipping Company in 1940 for operation by its Delta Line. The ship was delivered to Mississippi Shipping in November 1940. Deltargentino was among the ships designated for the Army among the twenty-eight merchant vessels (twenty-one for the Navy and seven to the Army) requisitioned by the Maritime Commission's Division of Emergency Shipping announced on 4 June 1941. The Army acquired Deltargentino in New Orleans on 28 June 1941 giving it the name J. W. McAndrew honoring Major General James William McAndrew. The ship was quickly converted for troop transport and made four voyages between New Orleans and Cristobal, Panama Canal Zone. In November the transport was assigned to the New York Port of Embarkation from which it made trips to Puerto Rico, Jamaica, the Canal Zone, Trinidad, and New Orleans. In late January 1942 the transport left New York for Australia returning in April and then in May transported troops to Iceland and Glasgow. From Glasgow the ship went to Cape Town, South Africa, before returning to New York in August to prepare for the invasion of North Africa 8–16 November 1942. After the landing the transport returned to New York to make regular voyages to African and European ports until May–June 1944 when the ship underwent major repairs. The ship would have been transferred to the Navy and named USS J. W. McAndrew (AP-47) in 1943, but this was cancelled. The major ports served between the North African landings and the end of the war were Oran, Casablanca, Algiers, Gibraltar, Belfast, the Clyde, Naples, Plymouth and Southampton and after the Normandy landings Cherbourg and Le Havre. On 13 March 1945 in convoy during a storm the lost steering and collided with the transport resulting in the loss of 68 troops and one Naval Armed Guardsman. The destroyer escorts Earl K. Olsen and Roche rescued some men from the water. The transport put into Ponta Delgada, Azores for repairs before undergoing hull repairs at Bethlehem, Baltimore during May and June 1945. After repairs the transport made voyages out of the Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation going to Naples in July then making voyages from there and New York to Italian and French ports including Marseille through 1946. J. W. McAndrew was returned to the Maritime Administration (MARAD) on 5 May 1947 as surplus and allocated by MARAD to Farrell Lines for operation by its American South African Line. The line purchased the ship on 22 December 1948 renaming it African Enterprise for operation until 22 September 1960 when the ship was traded in for credit. The ship was laid up in the James River National Defense Reserve Fleet 19 October, withdrawn briefly 28 September to 6 October 1966 for Navy to remove a spare tail shaft. On 9 April 1969 the ship was one of three sold for $191,666.66 as scrap to The Boston Metals Company. The ship was withdrawn from the fleet for scrapping on 8 May 1969. The ship was broken up in Baltimore in February 1972. References Bibliography Type C3-P&C ships of the United States Army Ships built in Sparrows Point, Maryland 1940 ships World War II auxiliary ships of the United States Maritime incidents in March 1945

23571494

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20French%20Revolution%20%28poem%29

The French Revolution (poem)

The French Revolution is a poem written by William Blake in 1791. It was intended to be seven books in length, but only one book survives. In that book, Blake describes the problems of the French monarchy and seeks the destruction of the Bastille in the name of Freedom. Background Blake felt that there was a strong connection between the American and French revolutions and that these revolutions had a universal and historical impact. The French Revolution was intended as a poetic history of these current events in Blake's life and was supposed to be an account of Blake's understanding of the French Revolution described in seven books of poetry first published in 1791. Although Blake was not part of any radical political organizations in England at the time of the French Revolution, his works suggest a connection to revolutionary thought and the poem serves as his involvement in the debate over the merits of the French Revolution. In reaction to the French Revolution and the support of it in England, there was a series of attacks upon the supporters which led to the imprisonment of Joseph Johnson, the printer of French Revolution. This possibly disrupted the completion of the books, as Johnson was just starting to print the first book, and the project was discontinued. The only pages that survived are the original proofs for the first book, which are now in the collection of the Huntington Library. Although it cannot be known why Johnson stopped printing Blake's poem, he did print other works by Blake including For Children and Songs of Innocence. The poem currently appears in only one proof copy, and there are few references to The French Revolution until the 20th century. One of these is from Samuel Palmer, a follower of Blake, who wrote on 10 October 1827 that he wished to find a copy of the poem. The other is from Alexander Gilchrist, an early biographer of Blake, who wrote on 24 November 1860 to John Linnell, a collector of Blake's works, requesting to see the manuscript of The French Revolution. Poem The work is an anapestic iambic septenary poem, a poetic meter unique in Blake's poetry to this poem, that describes the events surrounding the French Revolution. Blake was an early supporter of the American Revolution and believed that it would bring about liberty to the rest of mankind. The French, according to Blake, were stuck in a problematic feudal system that was represented by the Bastille, a prison that kept enemies of the state. As the work continues, he demands that the Bastille be removed and he explains how the American Revolution provoked the French Revolution. The dates spanned in the first book is from May 1789 until July 1789. Although Blake relies on history, he includes characters that are his own, but none of them are characters that he used in his mythological works. The work deals with the symbolism of the Bastille, which the seven towers of the Bastille representing a character type that was repressed by an oppressive government. As the work progresses, a dispute over governmental systems involves many characters including the representative of the feudal system, called Peer, Duke of Burgundy, and the Archbishop of Paris. Themes Within the work, Blake emphasizes the problems of the feudal system and the corruption and decay of the French monarchy and church. The poem operates, according to G. E. Bentley, as a "psychomachia, a war of spirits, of the spirits of freedom and privilege. Some of the noblest rhetoric in the poem defends the ancient bastions of civilization". The language that Blake relies on in the poem is very political, but Blake felt that language in such discussions is replaced by rhetoric. In order to overcome that problem, he attempts to return to an original language. Revolution is a recurring theme in Blake's works. In Blake's America, his views are expressed in the character of Orc. In The French Revolution, the ideas expressed are in direct contrast to those who stood against the French Revolution, including Edmund Burke. He accomplishes this by merging myth with history in order to create an apocalyptic vision that connects with the revolution. Other Romantic poets use apocalyptic imagery, but Blake's interpretation has a strong moral foundation. Like Blake's view of the American Revolution, in America, or the views expressed in Visions of the Daughters of Albion, the politics of the time are incorporated into a greater myth system. Notes References Altizer, Thomas. History as Apocalypse. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1985. Bentley, G. E. The Stranger from Paradise. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003. Bentley, G. E. William Blake: The Critical Heritage. London: Routledge, 1995. Crafton, Lisa. The French Revolution Debate in English Literature and Culture. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1997. Damon, S. Foster. A Blake Dictionary''. Hanover: University Press of New England, 1988. 1791 poems Christian poetry French Revolution Poetry by William Blake Unfinished poems

23571496

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poul%20Schierbeck

Poul Schierbeck

Poul Schierbeck (8 June 1888 – 9 February 1949) was a Danish composer and organist. He was a pupil of Carl Nielsen and Thomas Laub. From 1931 he taught composition and instrumentation at the Royal Danish Academy of Music. His pupils include Axel Borup-Jørgensen, Jørgen Jersild, Leif Kayser, Svend S. Schultz, and Leif Thybo. He composed the music for Carl Theodor Dreyer's movie Day of Wrath, and Dreyer also used his music for the movie The Word. Other works include the opera Fête galante. References External links 1888 births 1949 deaths 20th-century classical composers Danish classical organists Male classical organists Danish classical composers Danish male classical composers Place of birth missing Place of death missing Pupils of Carl Nielsen Burials at Holmen Cemetery 20th-century male musicians

20464572

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne%20Frank%20%28disambiguation%29

Anne Frank (disambiguation)

Anne Frank (1929–1945) was a young Jewish girl and a German-born diarist. Anne Frank may also refer to: Anne Frank: The Biography, a biography of Anne Frank by Melissa Müller Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl, the diary of Anne Frank Anne Frank: The Whole Story, a television mini-series about Anne Frank by Robert Dornhelm 5535 Annefrank, an inner main-belt asteroid See also Ann Frank Lewis (born 1937), American political strategist

17327378

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balla%20et%20ses%20Balladins

Balla et ses Balladins

Balla et ses Balladins (also known as Orchestre du Jardin de Guinée) was a dance-music orchestra formed in Conakry, Guinea in 1962 following the break-up of the Syli Orchestre National, Guinea's first state-sponsored group. Also called the Orchestre du Jardin de Guinée, after the "bar dancing" music venue in Conakry that still exists today, the group made a number of recordings for the state-owned Syliphone label and become one of the first modern dance musical groups in Guinea to use traditional musical instruments and fuse together traditional Guinean folk music with more modern influences. Background The newly independent state of Guinea established a number of music groups, competitions and festivals throughout the country to play the traditional musics of Guinea rather than the European styles that were popular in the colonial period. The government also set up the Syliphone label to record the ensuing music and thus preserve and enhance the culture of the new nation. Balla et ses Balladins were one of the most popular groups arising from these initiatives. Career The group was named after their leader trumpet player Balla Onivogui, who was born in 1938 in Macenta, a small town in south-east Guinea and was a student at a conservatory in Senegal before being recruited to play in the Guinea independence celebrations in 1959. He quickly became a member of the state's leading orchestra, the Syli Orchestre National, who were tasked with working with music groups throughout Guinea to train them to play the traditional musics of the country. In order to expand this programme the government split the orchestra into smaller units, one of which under the leadership of Balla became Balla et ses Balladins and held a residency at the Conakry nightspot Jardin de Guinée. (The other group emerging from the split was the equally renowned Keletigui Et Ses Tambourinis.) Les Balladins made a number of recordings for the state-owned Syliphone label, which was founded in 1968. The group also toured abroad representing Guinea and some members worked as backing musicians for Miriam Makeba when she lived in Guinea in the 1970s. In 1970 Balla had a falling-out with some government officials and was briefly replaced as leader by his friend and trombone player Pivi Moriba, to be restored following the intervention of president Sékou Touré himself. Guinea suffered a series of economic crises in the 1970s and in 1983 the national orchestras were all established as private concerns. In 1984 President Sekou Toure died, and the Syliphone label ended. Balla et ses Balladins continued to play during the Lansana Conte era, and when Balla Onivogui retired in the late 1990s his group recruited new musicians and still performs in Conakry. Balla Onivogui died from a heart attack on 15 March 2011 in Conakry at the age of 75. Discography Tracks on Syliphone compilations The Syliphone Years (2008) Stern's Music Various artist compilations Authenticite - The Syliphone Years (2008) Stern's Music on http://www.sternsmusic.com The Rough Guide To Psychedelic Africa (2012) World Music Network References Guinean musical groups Musical groups established in 1962 Dance music groups Musical groups disestablished in 1984 1962 establishments in Guinea

6899647

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois%20Legault

François Legault

François Legault (; born May 26, 1957) is a Canadian politician serving as the 32nd premier of Quebec since 2018. A member of the Coalition Avenir Québec (CAQ), he has led the party since its founding in 2011. Legault sits as a member of the National Assembly (MNA) for the Lanaudière region riding of L'Assomption. Prior to entering politics, he was the co-founder of the Canadian airline Air Transat. Legault was a MNA from 1998 to 2009—serving in the governments of former premiers Lucien Bouchard and Bernard Landry—as the minister of education from 1998 to 2002 and as the minister of health from 2002 to 2003. He was a member of the Parti Québécois (PQ), first elected in the 1998 Quebec election in the riding of Rousseau. He was re-elected in 2003, 2007, and 2008 but resigned his seat on June 25, 2009. He returned to the legislature following his victory in the 2012 Quebec provincial election as the MNA for L'Assomption, a suburb of Montreal. He was reelected in 2014, 2018 and 2022. Legault is the first premier not to be a member of the Quebec Liberal Party or the Parti Québécois (PQ) since Jean-Jacques Bertrand's 1970 Union Nationale government and the first to serve under at least two monarchs since Maurice Duplessis. Early life and education François Legault was born on May 26, 1957, at the Lachine Hospital and grew up in Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec. His father, Lucien Legault, was a postmaster. His mother, Pauline Schetagne, was a housewife who also worked as a cashier at the local A&P grocery store. Legault has a bachelor's and master's degree in business administration from HEC Montréal. He is also a member of the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants. Business career Legault worked as an administrator for Provigo and an auditor for Ernst & Young until 1984. In 1985, Legault became the director of finance and administration at Nationair Canada and then marketing director at Quebecair. He then co-founded Air Transat in 1986, and was until 1997 its chief executive officer. The airline quickly became one of the largest airline companies in Canada offering charter flights. From 1995 to 1998, Legault sat on the boards of various companies, including Provigo Inc., Culinar, Sico, Technilab Inc. and Bestar Inc., and the Marc-Aurèle Fortin private museum. Political career Parti Québécois After his 1998 election, Legault was appointed by Lucien Bouchard as minister for industry and commerce. He was later named the minister of education. When Bouchard resigned, Legault supported Bernard Landry. Landry appointed Legault as minister of education and later as minister of health and social services. He was re-elected in 2003 while the PQ lost to the Quebec Liberal Party. He remained on the PQ front bench as the critic for economics, economic development, and finances. Legault endorsed Richard Legendre in the 2005 PQ leadership election, which was won by André Boisclair. After his re-election in 2007, Legault was renamed the PQ critic for economic development and finances. Legault was re-elected in the 2008 election but announced on June 25, 2009, that would retire from politics. He was seen by some political analysts at the time as a potential contender in a future leadership election. However, some Liberals thought that he could replace Jean Charest, then premier. Coalition Avenir Québec In February 2011, Legault co-founded with Charles Sirois a new political movement called the "Coalition pour l'avenir du Québec" ("Coalition for the Future of Quebec"). In November 2011 it became an official party under the name Coalition Avenir Québec (CAQ). The CAQ aims to bring together like-minded voters in a single party regardless of their views on Quebec nationalism, Quebec federalism and Quebec autonomism. In a break with his sovereigntist past, Legault promised that a CAQ government would never hold a referendum on sovereignty. Soon after retiring from politics, he became disenchanted with sovereigntism and resigned from the PQ. He concluded that Quebec belongs within Canada but has vowed that a CAQ government would "explore all options" to defend Quebec's interests and demand greater power. The party finished third in the 2012 general election, winning 19 seats and 27.05 percent of the vote. In the 2014 general election, the CAQ finished third again, but increased their seat count to 22. In the 2018 general election on October 1, Legault led the CAQ to a gain of 53 seats for a total of 74, vaulting the CAQ from third place to a majority of 11 and making Legault the premier of Quebec. He is the first premier in 48 years to not hail from the Liberals or Parti Québécois. Legault led the CAQ again in the 2022 general election to a second straight majority. Legault gained 14 seats in the election, expanding his caucus. Premier of Quebec (2018–present) On October 18, 2018, Legault was sworn in as Premier of Quebec, marking the end of nearly 50 years of Liberal and Parti Québécois rule in the province. Religious symbols Having run on the platform during the 2018 election, on March 28, 2019, the Quebec government tabled its long-awaited secularism bill. Bill 21, entitled "An Act respecting the laicity of the State", if made law, would ban public workers in positions of authority from wearing religious symbols. This would include any public employee who carries a weapon, including police officers, courthouse constables, bodyguards, prison guards and wildlife officers, as well as Crown prosecutors, government lawyers and judges, school principals, vice-principals and teachers. The bill invoked notwithstanding clause of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms to prevent it from being overturned by the courts. The bill passed on June 17 by a 73–35 vote, with backing of the Parti Québécois while the Liberals and Quebec Solidaire were opposed. The Coalition Avenir Quebec government also introduced a last-minute amendment toughening the law, making provisions for a minister to verify that it is being obeyed and to demand corrective measures if necessary. Immigration Under Legault CAQ government, he has decreased immigration numbers to 40,000 in 2019, and he has also in 2019 introduced a values test for immigrants. In 2019, during a European Trip to France, Legault said he wants more French and other European immigrants to come to Quebec with the overall immigration numbers cut. In August 2019, Legault said to businesses that they need to boost wages if they want to find workers. this came after some business called for immigration increase. In December 2019, during a meeting with Governor of California Gavin Newsom, Legault declared that all French-Canadians are Catholic. In June 2022, Legault said he's against Multiculturalism. Language In May 2022, The CAQ government of Legault passed Bill 96, with 78 MNAs in favour (from the CAQ and Québec solidaire) and 29 against (from the Liberal Party and Parti Québécois). The bill strengthen the 1970s Charter of the French Language bill. In that same year Legault caused some controversy when he said that Quebec risked being a Louisiana (which used to be French-speaking but no longer) if Quebec doesn't have more control over immigration policy. 2019 apology to Indigenous peoples Legault apologized to First Nations and Inuit in October 2019 for discrimination they suffered in dealing with the state, noting the Province of Quebec had failed in its duty to them. He acknowledged that apologies are but a first step, and more work needs to be done to break down barriers and rectify long-standing problems. COVID-19 response During the 2020 COVID-19 outbreak, Legault organized daily press conferences with Director of Public Health Horacio Arruda and Minister of Health Danielle McCann, starting March 12, to encourage the population to stay home and keep hygiene measures that would help suppress spread of the virus. In May, Canada's chief science adviser, Mona Nemer, criticized Quebec for its lack of testing and tracing strategy. Environmental targets In November 2020, Legault announced the government's plan to tackle climate change, which would involve a ban on the sale of new gas-powered vehicles from 2035 (commercial vehicles and second-hand cars would be exempt). Some experts have said that rather than focusing on electric vehicles, more funds should be committed to public transit and climate change mitigation. Education Under Legault government, They passed Bill 40 on February 8, 2020. This expropriated the province's 60 French school boards, turning them into school service centres. Bill 40 was passed to expropriate school boards that have been running in English style for 175 years. This did not include nine English school boards. But the move is seen as further undermining English-language education in the province. After the Controversy over academic freedom at the University of Ottawa, According to Legault, events like the one at the University of Ottawa are caused by a handful of radical activists who are trying to engage in Censorship. In April 2022, the Legault government tabled Bill 32, a bill on Academic freedom in universities. The bill passed on June 2022. Buy Local initiative Legault and his government has promoted a buy local campaign. His government in early 2020 formed an online directory of local Quebec retailers in a website called  — or Blue Basket. The aim of is to be a local version and a competitor to Amazon to sell Quebec products. As early as November 2019 Legault supported calls for the creation of a Quebec version of Amazon, which his economy minister described as a way to serve nationalist customers. Bibliography Cap sur un Québec gagnant : le projet Saint-Laurent , Montréal, Éditions du Boréal, 2013, 304 p. Personal life Legault married Isabelle Brais on March 7, 1992, in Mont-Saint-Hilaire, Quebec, and has two children. He was raised in the Montreal suburb of Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue. Legault is Catholic. Awards and honours Legault has been a Fellow of the (Order of Chartered Accountants of Québec) since 2000. References External links 1957 births Living people French Quebecers Canadian Roman Catholics Premiers of Quebec Parti Québécois MNAs Coalition Avenir Québec MNAs Quebec political party leaders People from Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec Conservatism in Canada Canadian businesspeople Canadian accountants Canadian economists Canadian financiers HEC Montréal alumni Canadian company founders Canadian airline chief executives Canadian political party founders 21st-century Canadian politicians Members of the Executive Council of Quebec Right-wing politics in Canada Businesspeople from Montreal Critics of multiculturalism

17327394

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmy%20Noether%20bibliography

Emmy Noether bibliography

Emmy Noether was a German mathematician. This article lists the publications upon which her reputation is built (in part). First epoch (1908–1919) Second epoch (1920–1926) In the second epoch, Noether turned her attention to the theory of rings. With her paper Moduln in nichtkommutativen Bereichen, insbesondere aus Differential- und Differenzenausdrücken, Hermann Weyl states, "It is here for the first time that the Emmy Noether appears whom we all know, and who changed the face of algebra by her work." Third epoch (1927–1935) In the third epoch, Emmy Noether focused on non-commutative algebras, and unified much earlier work on the representation theory of groups. References Bibliography . External links List of Emmy Noether's publications by Dr. Cordula Tollmien List of Emmy Noether's publications in the eulogy by Bartel Leendert van der Waerden Partial listing of important works at the Contributions of 20th century Women to Physics at UCLA MacTutor biography of Emmy Noether Abstract algebra Bibliographies by writer Bibliographies of German writers Science bibliographies

23571508

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolci%2C%20Croatia

Dolci, Croatia

Dolci is a village in north-eastern Slavonia, situated in municipality town of Orahovica, Virovitica-Podravina County, Croatia. Population References CD-rom: "Naselja i stanovništvo RH od 1857-2001. godine", Izdanje Državnog zavoda za statistiku Republike Hrvatske, Zagreb, 2005. Populated places in Virovitica-Podravina County

23571516

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swinton%2C%20Scottish%20Borders

Swinton, Scottish Borders

Swinton is a small village in the Scottish Borders. It is in the former county of Berwickshire, around southeast of Duns, and northwest of the Anglo-Scottish border. History Swinton dates to the 11th century or earlier, and is associated with the Swinton family, who took their name from the settlement. In 1769, the village was re-designed and a market was created, now marked by the market cross. A parish church was built and still stands today. In the churchyard, the Swintons have their own burial enclosure. In 1843, the Free Church of Swinton was built, but in the 1900s the spire was removed and it became the local village hall. The main parish church was remodelled in 1910 by Robert Lorimer. Notable people Daniel Laidlaw, recipient of the Victoria Cross Etymology The name of the village is a contraction of Swine Town, a name borne from the large number of wild boar the land was once inhabited by. Swinton House Swinton House, west of the village, dates in its current form to 1800, and was the residence of many of the Swinton family. It was built to replace an earlier house, which was destroyed by fire in the late 18th century. Both the house and the nearby 18th century dovecote are protected as category A listed buildings. References Villages in the Scottish Borders

17327417

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham%20S.%20Luchins

Abraham S. Luchins

Abraham S. Luchins (March 8, 1914 – December 27, 2005) was one of the most important American Gestalt Psychologists and a pioneer of group psychotherapy. He was born in Brooklyn, New York and died in New York. Biography Luchins was a student and staff member of Max Wertheimer, the main originator of Gestalt Psychology. After Max Wertheimer fled to the US and started lecturing at the New School for Social Research, Luchins worked as his assistant and became one of his closest collaborators from 1936 till 1942. (In the 1970s he and his wife Edith Hirsch published a series of transcripts and reports on Wertheimer's advanced seminars and workshops.) He is well known for his research on the role of a mental set (Einstellung effect) in the use of the various water jar refill problems. The idea was to find out, to what extent the successful use of a problem solving strategy has a negative effect when the task cannot be solved by the previous strategy. Other fields of research were group psychotherapy and research methods and strategies. Luchins lectured at Yeshiva University (New York), McGill University (Montreal), the University of Oregon, the University of Miami. From 1962 on he was professor of psychology at the University at Albany, State University of New York and professor emeritus from 1984. In 1993 he became an honorary member of the international Society for Gestalt Theory and its Applications (GTA) - Gesellschaft für Gestalttheorie und ihre Anwendungen (GTA). Main publications Books 1942: Mechanization in problem solving. In: Psychological Monographs 34, APA: Washington. 1959: A Functional Approach To Training In Clinical Psychology. Thomas: Springfield. 1959 (with Edith H. Luchins): Rigidity of Behavior - A Variational Approach to the Effect of Einstellung. University of Oregon Books: Eugene, Oregon. 1964: Group Therapy - A Guide. Random House: New York (Portuguese edition 1970, Spanish edition 1984). 1965 (with E.H. Luchins): Logical Foundations of Mathematics for Behavioral Scientists. Holt, Rinehart: New York. 1969 (with E.H. Luchins): The Search for Factors that Extremize the Autokinetic Effect. Faculty-Student Association: State University of New York at Albany. 1970 (with E.H. Luchins): Wertheimer's Seminars Revisited: Problem Solving And Thinking, Vols. I, II and III, S.U.N.Y., Albany. 1991-1993 (with E.H. Luchins): Max Wertheimer's Life and Background: Source Materials, Volumes I and II. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY. Articles A.S. Luchins & E.H. Luchins (1979): Introduction to the Einstein-Wertheimer Correspondence, Methodology and Science, Special Einstein Issue, 12, 165–202. A.S. Luchins & E.H. Luchins (1982): An Introduction to the Origins of Wertheimer's Gestalt Psychology, Gestalt Theory, 4(3-4), 145–171. A.S. Luchins & E.H. Luchins (1985): Max Wertheimer: His life and work during 1912–1919. Gestalt Theory, 7, 3-28. A.S. Luchins & E.H. Luchins (1986a): Max Wertheimer: 1919–1929. Gestalt Theory, 8, 4-30. A.S. Luchins & E.H. Luchins (1986b): Wertheimer in Frankfurt: 1929–1933. Gestalt Theory, 8, 205–224. A.S. Luchins & E.H. Luchins (1987): Max Wertheimer in America: 1933–1943. Gestalt Theory, 9, 70-101. A.S. Luchins & E.H. Luchins (1988): The Einstein-Wertheimer Correspondence on Geometric Proofs, The Mathematical Intelligencer, 12(2), pp. 35–43. About ASL Obituary by Gerhard Stemberger: Abraham S. Luchins (1914–2005). The American Psychologist, 62(2), 143. References External links The Role of the Social Field in Psychotherapy. By Abraham S. Luchins (1948). On Being Wertheimer's Student; by Abraham S. Luchins (1993) Isomorphism in Gestalt theory - Comparison of Wertheimer's and Koehler's concepts; by Abraham S. Luchins and Edith H. Luchins (1999) Comments on the Concept of Closure by Abraham S. Luchins and Edith H. Luchins Gestalt Psychologists Remarks on Psychoanalysis - compiled and commented by Abraham S. Luchins and Edith H. Luchins Kurt Grelling - Steadfast Scholar in a Time of Madness by Abraham S. Luchins and Edith H. Luchins 20th-century American psychologists Gestalt psychologists American psychology writers American male non-fiction writers American textbook writers 1914 births 2005 deaths The New School faculty Yeshiva University faculty McGill University faculty University of Oregon faculty University of Miami faculty University at Albany, SUNY faculty 20th-century American male writers

23571517

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premiere%20%281938%20film%29

Premiere (1938 film)

Premiere is a 1938 British musical mystery film directed by Walter Summers and starring John Lodge, Judy Kelly, Joan Marion, Hugh Williams. In Paris a leading theatre impresario is murdered on opening night, shortly after replacing his leading lady. A police Inspector in the audience takes over the investigation. The film was shot at Elstree Studios. It was a close remake of the 1937 Austrian film Premiere and re-used a number of musical scenes from the original which were dubbed into English. Cast John Lodge as Inspector Bonnard Judy Kelly as Carmen Daviot Joan Marion as Lydia Lavalle Hugh Williams as Nissen, Rene Edward Chapman as Lohrmann Steven Geray as Frolich Edmund Breon as Morel Wallace Geoffrey as Renoir Geoffrey Sumner as Captain Curry Joss Ambler as Spectator Jack Lambert as Stage manager References Bibliography Wood, Linda. British Films 1927-1939. British Film Institute, 1986. External links 1938 films 1938 mystery films 1938 musical films British musical films British mystery films Films shot at Associated British Studios 1930s English-language films Films directed by Walter Summers Remakes of Austrian films Films set in Paris British black-and-white films 1930s British films

17327421

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakonnet%20Light

Sakonnet Light

Sakonnet Light, built in 1884, is a sparkplug lighthouse near Sakonnet Point, Little Compton, Rhode Island, on the eastern side of the state. The light was deactivated in 1954 after Hurricane Carol and was going to be destroyed, but local citizens protested, and eventually Carl and Carolyn Haffenreffer bought the lighthouse in 1961. Explaining his decision to purchase the lighthouse, Carl Haffenreffer said, "I was afraid someone was going to paint it pink or haul it away for scrap." The lighthouse was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. The Friends of Sakonnet Lighthouse acquired the lighthouse in 1985, and it was reactivated by the United States Coast Guard in 1997. A $1.45 million restoration of the lighthouse it was completed in 2012. The Friends of the Sakonnet Light were awarded the 2012 Rhody Award by the Rhode Island Historical Preservation and Heritage Commission for their work. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Newport County, Rhode Island References External links Friends of Sakonnet Lighthouse. Lighthouse pics and info Lighthouses completed in 1884 Lighthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island Lighthouses in Newport County, Rhode Island Buildings and structures in Little Compton, Rhode Island National Register of Historic Places in Newport County, Rhode Island

17327426

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council%20of%20American%20Maritime%20Museums

Council of American Maritime Museums

The Council of American Maritime Museums (CAMM) was established in 1974 to be a network for professionals working in North American maritime museums. It has a membership of some eighty museums in the United States, Canada, Mexico, and Bermuda. External links Official CAMM website Museum organizations Maritime museums History organizations based in the United States Organizations established in 1974 Maritime history organizations

17327434

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Chapman%20%28disambiguation%29

George Chapman (disambiguation)

George Chapman (c. 1559–1634) was an English dramatist, translator, and poet. George Chapman may also refer to: George Chapman (murderer) (1865–1903), Polish-born English serial killer aka Sverin Antoniovich Klosowski George Chapman (healer) (1921–2006), British trance healer and medium George Chapman (cricketer) (1904–1986), Australian cricketer George Chapman (footballer, born 1886) (1886–?), Scottish footballer with Blackburn Rovers and Rangers George Chapman (footballer, born 1920) (1920–1998), English footballer with Brighton & Hove Albion George Chapman (businessman), businessman from Queensland, Australia George B. Chapman (1925–2016), Georgetown University professor and biologist George W. Chapman (footballer) (1909–1980), Australian rules footballer for St Kilda between 1931 and 1935 George L. Chapman (1909–2003), Australian rules footballer for Fitzroy in 1932 and St Kilda in 1933 George Chapman (party president) (born 1927), New Zealand political leader George Henry Chapman (1832–1882), American Civil War general George W. Chapman (politician), American lawyer and politician from New York George Thomson Chapman (1824–1881), New Zealand merchant, bookseller and publisher George W. Chapman (c. 1900-1970), First National Chief of the Order of the Arrow

6899662

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri%20Mahamariamman%20Temple%2C%20Penang

Sri Mahamariamman Temple, Penang

Built in 1833, the Arulmigu Sri Mahamariamman Temple in George Town is the oldest Hindu temple in Penang, Malaysia, and features sculptures of gods and goddesses over its main entrance and facade. It is located at Queen Street, George Town. It is also known as Mariamman Temple or Queen Street Indian Temple. Throughout the years, the Sri Mahamariamman temple has also been known by several names: Sri Muthu Mariamman Temple, Sri Arulmigu Mahamariamman Temple, Sri Mariamman Temple. All these names refer to the same temple. The temple is open daily from 6.30 am - 12.00 noon and 4.30 pm - 9.00 pm. It became a place of worship as early as 1801 and became a temple in 1833. It has stood at the same place for more than 200 years. Temple site The temple is in central Georgetown on Lebuh Queen (Queen Street) and the back entrance is on Jalan Masjid Kapitan Keling (Pitt Street), in between Lebuh Pasar and Lebuh Chulia. Located in Penang's Little India, in the capital city of Georgetown, the Sri Maha Mariamman temple reflects the city's rich cultural heritage. Visitation to this temple is limited to morning and evening. Temple opens starts from morning 6 am till 12 pm and evening from 5 pm till 9 pm. The temples closes after the prayers are performed at 12 pm and 9 pm respectively. Daily there will be Pujas (prayers), mornings 7.30 am and evening 6.30 pm. Prayers are usually conducted by the temple priests in these times and visitors may observe these prayer sessions taking place. If you wish to enter the Sri Mahamariamman temple, it would be polite to ask permission from any of the priests and please remember to remove your shoes before entering the temple grounds. Daily Poojas Darshan (meaning open to the public) hours are from 6 am to 9 pm. Temple is closed from 12:15 pm and reopened at 4:30 pm and closed at 9:15 pm. The temple priests perform the puja (rituals) during festivals and on a daily basis. Abishegam or Thirumanjanam is anointment of the idol with oils, sandalwood paste, milk, unguents and the like and then bathing it with water in an act of ritual purification. The most prominent abishegams are conducted at the ceremonies to mark the hours of the day. These are four in number - the Kaala Santhi, early in the morning, the Ucchikālam, in the afternoon, the Sāyaratchai, in the evening and the Ardha Jāmam, at night, immediately prior to the temple being closed for the day. Each ritual comprises four steps: abishegam (sacred bath), alangaram (decoration), naivethanam (food offering) and deepa aradanai (waving of lamps) all the deities. After the abishegam, it is the practice to dress the idols of the deities, in an act called alangaram, in one of several guises. The worship is held with religious instructions in the Vedas (Sanskrit sacred texts) and Thirumurai (Tamil sacred texts) read by priests. These hours are marked by the tolling of the bell of the temple amidst music with nadaswaram (pipe instrument) and thavil (percussion instrument). Devotees are able to perform archanai by the priest thereafter. Abishegam (6 am) Kaala Santhi (7.30 am) Abishegam (11.45 am) Utchikkalam Pooja (12 pm) Abishegam (5.30 am) Sāyaratchai (6.30 pm) Abishegam (8.45 am) Ardha Jāmam (9 pm) Please note that on festivals and special occasions, Abishegam and Poojas start earlier than the scheduled time History The tropical island of Penang lies in the Indian Ocean, just off the north-west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Penang's rapid growth as a trading hub in the early 19th century, especially in commodities such as nutmegs, cloves, and pepper, attracted traders from Europe, America, Arabia, India as well as China. Each then established communities and adopted lifestyles similar to their homeland. It was during that time that the Tamil Indians arrived in the island's bustling harbour, and established their own ‘Little India’ community in the city. The early Indian settlers, who came to this island to toil and trade, established an abode for mother, so that her presence could be felt as their guardian deity and guide in their times of trials and tribulations. Dating back as early as 1801, the Sri Mahamariamman Temple is recognised as an elaborate and spiritual place of worship. Like most Indian temples in Penang, the Penang Sri Mahamariamman began as a small and simple shrine. Not much is known about the early days of the temple or of the persons who founded it. The land was granted in 1801 by the British to Betty Lingam Chetty, who was then the Kapitan (Headman, Kepala or Community Leader) of the Tamils and South Indians. This is confirmed by another grant written in 1831. But, as to how the temple came to be built on this land or who founded it, there is no information. Caption James Low confirms the existence of a temple in Georgetown in 1835. That the Mariamman temple was founded in 1833 is first mentioned in a notice of 'Kumbabishegam' (consecration ceremony) held one hundred years later in 1933. But except for the date, not much else has been said about its founding in that document. Built originally as a shrine, it was later that the Indian community found a need for a proper temple ground for worshipping, to accommodate the ever-increasing Indian community presence on the island. This was done to ensure that the Indian community, which includes the merchants, labourers and sepoys, are settled in one particular area, for ease of managing the group. The majority of the people who lived around the temple were waterfront workers who were the backbone of the Penang port. These Indian stevedores were organised in groups called kootam – a member of a kootam is a kootakadai, and heading each kootam is a thandal. Together, the Indian community numbered about 2000 workers and they inhabited the area bounded by Lebuh Queen, Lebuh King, Lebuh Penang, Lebuh Pasar and Lebuh Gereja, an area collectively known as Ellammuchanthi in Tamil, or Simpang Lelong in Malay. The Sri Mahamariamman shrine was enlarged into a temple in 1833. Since this was when it became a proper temple, 1833 is taken as the year that it was founded. At the time of its founding, it was known as the Sri Muthu Mariamman Temple. It was only in 1980 that it became known by its present name, Sri Arulmigu Mahamariamman Temple, although the name is often written as Sri Mariamman Temple, Mahamariamman Temple and so on. From its inception, the temple provided an important place of worship for early Indian immigrants and is now an important cultural and national heritage. In those days, it was done to ensure the Indian community, which includes the early working settlers like merchants and labourers are settled in one area to ease managing them. By 1833, the shrine through the efforts of the Indian settlers, turned to a temple and was renovated to its present form a hundred years later. According to a document of civil suit brought before the courts in 1904, the names of five trustees who looked after the temple from 1892 till 1904 are Veerasamy, Murugan Chettiyar, Govindasamy Pillai, Veleritta Taver and Meyappah. The temple came under The Mohamedan and Hindu Endowments Board in 1906. From then onwards the temple has been administrated by the management committee appointed by the Endowment Board. It appears that from the beginning of the Endowments Board's administration, a few temples and other institutions have been clustered and left under the care of this management committee: Arulmigu Sri Balathandayuthapani Temple in Waterfall (Hilltop), the Arulmigu Sri Ganesha Temple in Waterfall, the Arulmigu Sri Mahamariamman Temple in Queen Street, Hindu Cemetery and Cremation Ground in Batu Lanchang and a Hindu Funeral Rites Ground in Jalan Air Itam. From 1967 onwards, the board is known as the Hindu Endowments Board, which is currently managing this temple. Hindu Mahajana Sangam The Hindu Mahajana Sangam () which was formed in 1935, has had close association with this temple and other temples under the care of the same management. Before 1935, it was known as Kootakkadai (). Many members have served in both institutions. They have also been associated with the temple's formation, renovation and maintenance. The festivals conducted by the Hindu Mahajana Sangam such as Chitraparuvam, Vijayadhsami and Aatakavadi during Thaipoosam is associated with this temple. First Kumbabishegam (1933) It was in 1933 that the temple acquired the present form and structure. In that year the temple was extensively renovated. According to the notice of the consecration ceremony, the foundation stone for the new structure was laid by Mr. V. Natesam Pillay, JP. The Sri Muthu Mariamman temple having become too small and too decayed, the Hindu gentlemen of Penang, with their initiative and perseverance, have bought up two buildings to the north of the temple, expanded the presence space and formed a temple in accordance with the Siva agamas a sanctum, Arthamandapam (antechamber), Mahamandapam (hall), prakaram (circumambient), vimanam (dome), surrounding walls and Rajagopuram (entrance tower). These renovations were carried out by a management committee consisting of S. Ekamparam Pillai, C. Subbaraya Pillay, S. P. Natesam Pillay, P. Kalimuthu Vandayar, K. V. Karuppiah Thandal and M. R. Raju. The consecration ceremony was held on Sunday, 12 June 1933. Second Kumbabishegam (1958) It is also known that further repairs were done in 1958 and a consecration ceremony, albeit on a small scale was carried out under the leadership of Mr. Doraisamy Thevar JP PJK who was the chairman of the temple management committee. Third Kumbabishegam (1980) Since 1958, no repairs or renovations were done to the temple. This caused some serious decay to the structures and sculptures. From 1978 till 1980, extensive renovation was done. A sculptor from the Academy of Sculptors in Mahapalipuram, Chennai and two assistant sculptors were brought from India to restore the structure. Although the basic form of the 1933 structure had been retained, many new areas have been added. A new hall 31 feet × 27 feet, suitable for small religious functions, has been added and over this, another story has been added for administrative offices. While most of the sculptures have been preserved, some new ones have also been added, the statues of the nine forms of Sakthi now surround the outer walls of the sanctum. The inner walls of the sanctum, antechamber and the flooring of the whole temple have been changed. The entire temple has been repainted. The smaller shrines of Visvanathar, Visalatchi, Chandikeswarar and Bairavar have domes of their own which have been gold plated. Within the sanctum, a new statue of Mahamariamman, towering over the main deity, has been formed. At the feet of the main deity, a Sri Chakram has also been erected. A Vishnu Dhurga idol was newly installed. The temple's name which was known as Sri Muthu Mariamman Temple till then was changed to Arulmigu Sri Mahamariamman Temple. The consecration ceremony was held on Sunday, 14 December 1980. Fourth Kumbabishegam (1998) The present renovation was begun in mid-1997. While basically preserving the existing temple structure, some minor modifications were made such as replacing of tiles in the sanctum and the whole temple flooring, replacing the peedam in the sanctum, replacing the Komugi, a new Ganesha, Visveswarar, Rahu and Kethu icons, new Navagraha peedam, new flag post with concrete base, statues of Bala Ganesha and Bala Murugan, Ashta Lakshmi 8 statues and two lion statues on the left and right of the temple main entrance. The Bairavar shrine is moved to the north-east corner, facing south. The consecration ceremony was held on Thursday, 3 September 1998. Fifth Kumbabishegam (2016) The present renovation was begun in end of 2013. The ceremony took place from 14th till 15 November 2013, involved the removing of the deities from the main shrines to a temporary site (balaalayam) within the temple and was the beginning of the many rituals to prepare for the consecration ceremony. The process was divided into five stages. After procuring connection of all necessary services to the site, the first stage of the project, breaking the wall and floor tiles commenced. This was followed by the reinforced concrete work to the foundations, slabs, columns and so forth. Construction activities continued with the erection of roof steel frames. Electrical and plumbing conduits. A team of artisans arrived from India and commenced work on the shrines. Another batch of additional artisans arrived from India to accelerate the pace of construction in order to meet the consecration ceremony deadline. While basically preserving the existing temple structure, the inner walls of the sanctum, antechamber and the flooring of the whole temple have been changed. The entire temple has been repainted. New icons replacing the older ones are Thatchinamoorthy, Visalatchi, Chandikeswarar, Bairavar and Navagraham are installed. Nandhi and bali peedam icons installed facing east towards Visveswarar shrine are added. A gold plated new flag post with granite concrete base is added along with Kodimara Pillayar icon facing east are installed. Statues of Ganesha and Murugan statues on the left and right of the outer wall of temple main entrance. The wooden framework on the century-old ceiling known as ‘Raasi Kattam’ (the 12 zodiac signs planets carved on the wood) is also restored. The Bairavar shrine is moved back to its original location on the left-hand side of the main entrance, facing west. The consecration ceremony was held on Sunday, 10 July 2016. Architecture Built in the south Indian Dravidian style, the temple most outstanding feature is the impressive gopuram (tower). Rising above the entrance, it features Hindu deities, soldiers and floral decorations. On the entrance of Penang Sri Mariamman Temple, you get to see a 23.5 feet tall sculptured tower or Gopuram. Also, the 38 statues of Gods and Goddesses and 4 swans featuring the Hindu Goddess Mahamariamman in Her many incarnations such as Meenatchi, Kamatchi, Visalatchi, Bhuvaneswari surrounds the colourful four-tiered crown. It is topped with five small kalasams. With subsequent renovations carried out over the years by Hindus artisans and sculptors from India and locals, from makeshift huts to heavily ornate and brightly shining with diamonds and precious stones, Penang Sri Mahariamman Temple is a sight to behold. The interiors of the temples are heavily sculptured with deities of Lord Ganesha is in the left pillar and Lord Muruga, his brother, is on the right pillar. The eight female figures adorning the pillars inside the temple are of Ashta Lakshmi (Goddess of Wealth). On the left wall there are sculptures of the Nadaraja and Sivakami in dancing posture of the cosmic dance. Nine statues of goddesses (9 types of Sakthi) can be seen on the walls surrounding the inner shrine of Penang Sri Mahamariamman Temple. The primary deity Goddess Mahamariamman is seated at the moolastanam (sanctum) of the karuvarai (sanctum sanctorum). The temple has an artha mandapam (antechamber), mukha mandapam, mahamandapam (hall), prakaram (circumambient), vasantha mandapam (festive hall) and kodi maram (flag post). The signs of the zodiac are carved in wood on the ceiling. The dome or vimanam of the temple is on a base 12.5 feet square and has a height of 27.25 feet. This is in three sections and contains 20 statues of gods and goddesses and 12 lions. Its kalasam is 3.5 feet and is gold plated. The back entrance tower is 10.5 feet high and contains 13 statues of gods and goddesses and 4 lions and a swan with partially human form. Once every 12 years, in keeping with Hindu tradition, the temple is reconsecrated. Previous consecrations are in 1933, 1958, 1980, 1998 and 2016. The Deity Mariamman is popularly worshipped by overseas Indians, especially Tamils because she is looked upon as their protector. She is the Goddess of disease, rain and protection and is associated with enormous powers in the physical realm, particularly destructive, and protects her devotees from unholy or demonic events. Historians claimed that the worship of Mariamman or Korravai/Kotravai started as a tribal religion of the Dravidians. Mariamman is a manifestation of the goddess - Parvati, an incarnation embodying Mother Earth with all her terrifying force. In the Hindu pantheon, however, the original mother form of the Maha Sakthi is the Primal Source of All Energy - from where everything - all matter and energy comes. The Sakthi is credited with the creation of Brahma, Vishnu and Siva, the three main gods of creation, sustenance and destruction. The word Mariamman comes from two words: Mari meaning power and amman meaning mother. Maha stands for great. So this Mahamariamman temple tells you, it houses the great powerful mother. And some Indians considers Sri Mariamman to be the mother of Lord Ganesha and Lord Muruga. So to many locals, when asks which temple they are going, some simply said "Amman Temple". Mahamariamman, the primary deity is seated at the moolastanam (sanctum) of the karuvarai (sanctum sanctorum) facing east. Ganesha and Subramaniyaswami are installed at the artha mandapam (antechamber) facing east. There is a surrounding circumambulatory path. At the mukha mandapam we may find the vahana (mythical mount/vehicle) of the Goddess which is lion, the bali peedam (sacrificial altar) and the kodi maram (flag post) is also found facing west towards Mahamariamman. Stone carvings of the cosmic dance of Lord Nadaraja and His consort Goddess Sivakami are found at the wall facing south at the vasantha mandapam (festive hall). Shrines for sub deities facing east are Lord Visveswarar and Goddess Visalatchi are installed at the left and right side of the sanctum sanctorum respectively. The shrine of Lord Chandikeswarar is facing south towards the sanctum sanctorum. The shrine of Lord Bairavar is found at the northeast corner facing west. Lord Thatchinamoorthy facing south and Vishnu Dhurga facing north are installed at the outer wall of the sanctum sanctorum. The Navagraham (nine planets) are found at the northeast corner of the temple. Housed within its ornately decorated interior is the priceless panchaloha (an alloy of five metals: gold, silver, copper, zinc and tin) statue of Lord Ganesha, Lord Subramaniyaswami and Mahamariamman embellished with gold, silver, diamonds and emeralds. The priceless Goddess Mahamariamman's statue is paraded on a wooden chariot during the Vijayadashami day on the end of the Navarathiri festival. The priceless Lord Subramaniaswamy's statue figures prominently in the annual Chithra Pournami festival when it is borne on a wooden chariot through the city streets to the Arulmigu Sri Balathandayuthapani Hilltop temple in Waterfall, Penang. Festivals The temple is particularly packed on Navarathiri, Chithra Pournami, Deepavali and Thaipusam with thousands of devotees eager to offer their prayers on the holy days. In the year 2008, there was a big celebration commemorating the temple's 175th anniversary. Navarathiri The most auspicious event for the temple is the Navarathiri festival. The festival begins with the lion flag-raising ceremony and ends with a procession where the Panchaloha () deity of Mahamariamman is paraded in a decorated wooden chariot through the streets of Little India. Navarathiri is nine nights vegetarian festival. According to the Hindu Puranas, the festival is held to commemorate the victory of Goddess Adi Parashakti over the demon king Mahishasuran. It was stated that the evil king ill-treated the people that they turned to the goddess, who is the consort of Lord Shiva, to save them. Goddess Adi Parasakthi fought a battle for nine days and ultimately destroyed him on the 10th day, which is known as Vijayadashami. Various Indian organisations and communities would sponsor the prayers for each nights. On the Final tenth day of the celebration, Vijayadashami is celebrated by Hindu Mahajana Sangam. The sangam organised the chariot procession for many years from Queen Street, Sri Mahamariamman Temple to Dhoby Ghaut. The festival celebration is concluded after shooting of arrows from the chariot in the evening in the Dhoby Ghaut. The chariot returns to the temple at about midnight the same day. Since the late 1970s, the organisation of the chariot procession had been taken over from the sangam by the Temple committee and the Hindu Endowments Board. The chariot procession is now confined to Fort Cornwallis area, nearby the Kedah Pier Muneeswarar Temple in the Esplanade. However, the sangam still continues to celebrate the annual Navarathiri festival's final tenth day Vijayadashami Ubayam every year without fail. Chithra Pournami (Chitraparuvam) The Hindu Mahajana Sangam, with notable among the festivals, the annual Chitraparuvam Festival which is celebrated in the Tamil month of Chithirai (April/May) every year, is organised with a chariot procession of the panchaloha deity of Lord Subramaniyaswami from Queen Street Sri Mahamariamman Temple. It is the day of the first full moon of the first Tamil month. In early years, the festival starts with special pooja and ubayam for the Hindu Mahajana Sangam “Koota Kadai” in Queen Street Mahamariamman Temple, the chariot procession commences in the early morning 7.00 am and reached Waterfall Dewan Mahatma Gandhi (Gandhiji Ashram) in the afternoon, the deity then carried and placed in the ashram until the return journey of the chariot to Queen Street Sri Mahamariamman temple in the evening of the same day. Since the early 1970s this festival is celebrated for three days. The deity of Lord Subramaiyaswami is brought in procession from the Queen Street Sri Mahamariamman temple passing through many street and roads before reaching the Waterfall Arulmigu Sri Ganesha temple. The deity is carried up to the Hilltop Arulmigu Sri Balathadayuthapani Temple. On the second day is the Chitraparuvam Festival where the deity is taken in procession around the hilltop temple compound in the evening. On the third day evening, the deity is carried down and placed on the chariot procession journey back to the Queen Street Sri Mahamariamman temple. In 1992, the Hindu Mahajana Sangam imported a new chariot from India, for the annual Chitraparuvam Festival celebration to replace the old chariot which was found to be not road worthy and in a decaying condition. On the first day, the chariot passes through Queen Street, Chulia Street, Chulia Street Ghaut, Victoria Street, Prangin Road Ghaut, C. Y. Choy Road, Magazine Road, Dato Keramat Road, Western Road and Waterfall Road before reaching the Ganesar Temple. The chariot stops at Kamatchi Amman Temple, Sivan Temple and Muneeswarar Temple along the way. Then the Lord Subramaniyaswami is carried up to the Sri Balathandayuthapani Temple at the hilltop. On the return journey, the Lord Subramaniyaswami is carried down and the chariot passes through Waterfall Road, Gottlieb Road, Tunku Abdul Rahman Road, Macalister Road, Anson Road, Burma Road, Transfer Road, Sri Bahari Road, Penang Road, Kimberley Street, Carnarvon Street, Chulia Street, Pitt Street, Church Street, Queen Street, China Street, King Street, Light Street, Penang Street, Chulia Street, King Street, China Street, Beach Street, Market Street and Queen Street before reaching the Sri Mahamariamman Temple. The chariot stops at Balathandayuthapani Temple, Meenatchi Sundaraeswarar Temple, ISKCON Centre, Muneeswarar Temple and Kunj Bihari Temple along the way. Thaipusam Celebrated on the Tamil month of Thai (January/February). Although it is celebrated in the Waterfall Arulmigu Balathandayuthapani Temple, Penang, Sri Mahamriamman temple is not left behind as there are religious activities associated with this festival. Atta Kavadi The Hindu Mahajana Sangam members carry a traditional kavadi weighing approximately 80 kilos known as Atta Kavadi since 1927 from Queen Street Sri Mahamariamman temple in the evening to Dewan Mahatma Gandhi in the Arulmigu Balathandayuthapani Temple, Penang compound with traditional Nadhaswaram accompanying the Atta Kavadi. A late-night dinner is served in the Dewan Mahatma Gandhi after the arrival of the Atta Kavadi. In the early years, the arrival of the Atta Kavadi signified the conclusion of the annual Thaipusam festival celebration for the day and devotees are not expected to carry any kavadi after the Atta Kavadi reaches the Waterfall temple compound. Kuthirai Vahanam The Penang Nattukottai Chettiar community hold prayers in this temple prior to the Thaipusam festival. This function is called the Kuthirai Vahanam (Horse Car) held on in the Tamil month of Markazhi (December/January). The prayers would start 10 days earlier where there would be ubayams on these days. On the tenth day, the decorated panchaloha deity of the Mahamariamman which carries a Vel would be placed on the Horse Car. The procession begins from Queen Street at the evening, displaying the Vel passing through various streets and roads and end up at Queen Street Sri Mahamariamman temple around midnight. Golden Chariot A RM3mil golden chariot hit the streets on the eve of Thaipusam on 8 February 2017. The 1.6-tonne golden chariot measuring 4.3m-high and 4m-wide will feature two golden horses in the front with several statues adorning the kalasam (tower). The chariot bearing Lord Muruga's vel (spear) will move on rubberised wheels pulled by devotees. The inner frame of the chariot was made in Karaikudi and shipped to Penang, where it was assembled. The golden chariot's journey will be from the Arulmigu Sri Maha Mariamman Temple in Queen Street to the Arulmigu Sri Ganesha Temple in Jalan Kebun Bunga. The chariot would be placed at the Sri Ganesha Temple for two days, on Thaipusam eve and on Thaipusam day. An 18-day pooja (special prayers) session will be conducted for The 0.9m-tall golden vel at Queen Street Maha Mariamman Temple. This depicts the story goes that the vel was created by Lord Shiva's consort Parasakthi who is also Lord Murugan's mother. Parasakthi appeared in 18 forms before merging into a single indestructible vel which was handed to Lord Murugan during the Poosa natchathiram on Pournami Day (full moon) in the month of Thai (January to February). After receiving a blessing from the Lord's mother, the vel will be sent back to Lord Murugan on the golden chariot on Thaipusam eve. The golden chariot successfully completed its first trial run for Thaipusam in on 2 February 2017 about two hours through George Town in the presence of a large throng of devotees seeing it for the first time. The chariot went 3 km along Jalan Kebun Bunga, Lorong Air Terjun, Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Macalister, Jalan Residensi and Jalan Utama before returning to the temple. Maha Sivarathri The Maha Shivaratri is dedicated to the Lord Visveswarar where the devotees would observe the prayers, all-day fasting and an all night long vigil. Celebrated every year on the 13th night/14th day in the Krishna Paksha (waning moon) of the Tamil month of Maasi (February/March) that is, the night before and day of the new moon. Abishegam (ceremonial bath) is conducted at 10 pm, 12 midnight, 2 am and 4 am respectively. Pujas would commence at 11 pm, 1 am, 3 am and 5 am respectively. Throughout the night devotes would chant and hymns of the devotional songs. Pournami Monthly full moon of every month is observed where prayers are done for Lord Visvanathar. Special abishegam, prayers and puja would be conducted at 12 pm followed by vegetarian lunch that would be served. Durga Puja Weekly Rahukaalam puja is conducted on every Tuesdays between 3.30 pm and 4.30 pm for Vishnu Dhurga amman. Abishekam (ceremonial bath) is conducted by the temple priest for the goddess. Devotees which mainly consists of ladies, would sing hymns and chant praise of the goddess. The goddess would be decorated with flowers and mainly with garlands of limes. Lighting lamps made of limes is a major ritual in these prayers. On these special days, devotees will be vegetarians for the day. Young ladies wanting to marry will come to offer prayers asking from the "mother" for a good husband. Married ladies will pray for a successful marriage. Pradhosham Pradhosham is a bimonthly occasion on the thirteenth day of every fortnight in Hindu calendar. The auspicious 3 hour period, 1.5 hours before and after the sunset is one of the optimum time for worship of Lord Shiva. The fast or vow performed during the period is called Pradhosam Nonbu. It is done during the evening twilight or sandhya kala on the Thrayodashi of both lunar fortnights (Shukla and Krishna Paksha). These are the 13th tithi, or lunar days, from the New Moon (Amavasya) and Full Moon (Poornima). Special abishekam (ritual bathing) for Lord Visveswarar, Lord Visalatchi and Nandi is done and then decorated with Rudraksha, Vibhuti and vilva leaves. Aadi Puja The Tamil month of Aadi (July/August) is considered an auspicious one for prayers for Amman. Sangabishegam (conch ceremonial bath) is done in the evenings on every Friday for Mahamariamman and every Tuesday for Vishnu Durga. Aaadi Pooram is also celebrated. Ladies would carry pots containing turmeric powder diluted with water as an offering for the abishegam of Mahamariamman. Bhairavar Pooja On every Thei Pirai Ashtami which is the 8th day of the fading moon (waning moon), special poojas and homam are conducted for Lord Bhairavar. The rituals begin in the evening with the Maha Kala Bhairavar Homam. It is believed that participation in this homam will protect us from evil and black deeds. The homam or the yagna is followed by special abishekam (ritual bathing) for Lord Bhairava. Punuku () or Civetone a kind of natural scent is offered to the deity. You can also find deities offering eleven Ellu Deepam () or Seseme light, considered sacred to Lord Bhairavar. At the end, Bitter gourd Rice and Vadai is given as Prasadham. See also Hindu Mahajana Sangam List of Hindu temples in Malaysia References External links Mariamman temples Hindu temples in Malaysia Religious buildings and structures in Penang Tourist attractions in George Town, Penang

6899688

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protium%20%28plant%29

Protium (plant)

Protium is a genus of more than 140 species of flowering plants in the family Burseraceae. It is native to the Neotropics (where around 175 species have been found), Madagascar, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and southern Asia from Pakistan east to Vietnam. The genus had been included in Bursera, but is distinct, being most closely related to Crepidospermum and Tetragastris. The species are usually small or medium-sized trees, but some can be large, up to tall. In their native range, some species are grown for timber, used as firewood, as medicinal plants, for their fruit, their resin (Copal) or in other cultural contexts. Selected species Protium almecega March. Protium apiculatum Sw. Protium aracouchini Protium asperum Protium attenuatum Protium connarifolium Protium copal Protium correae Protium decandrum Protium elegans Protium gigantium Protium guianense Protium hebetatum Daly Protium heptaphyllum Mart. Protium icicariba (= Icica icicariba) Protium inconforme Protium obtusifolium (Lam.) Marchand (= Dammara graveolens) Protium panamense Protium pittieri Protium serratum Protium widgrenii Engl. Uses Caranna, medicinal gum References Flora of Pakistan (treats species in the genus Bursera) Burseraceae genera Taxa named by Nicolaas Laurens Burman

6899692

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tachytrope

Tachytrope

A tachytrope is a curve in which the law of the velocity is given. It was first used by American mathematician Benjamin Peirce in A System of Analytic Mechanics, first published in 1855. References Sources Velocity

23571520

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiele%20people

Tiele people

The Tiele (, Mongolian *Tegreg "[People of the] Carts"), also transliterated as Dili (), Chile (), Zhile (), Tele (), also named Gaoche or Gaoju (, "High Carts"), were a tribal confederation of Turkic ethnic origins living to the north of China proper and in Central Asia, emerging after the disintegration of the confederacy of the Xiongnu. Chinese sources associate them with the earlier Dingling (). Chile and Gaoche The name "Chile" and "Gaoche" first appear in Chinese records during the campaigns of Former Yan and Dai in 357 and 363 respectively. However, the protagonists were also addressed as "Dingling" in the records of the Southern Dynasties. The name Gaoche ("high cart") was a nickname given by the Chinese. Book of Jin, compiled by Fang Xuanling et al., listed Chile as the fifth of 19 Southern Xiongnu tribes (種). By the time of the Rouran domination, the Gaoche comprised six tribes and twelve clans (姓). One group known as the Eastern Gaoche (东部高车) probably dwelled from the Onon River to Lake Baikal (巳尼陂). However, their relationship with the rest of the Gaoche and its tribal components is unclear. Mythological origin The Book of Wei preserved the Gaoche's origin myth. Rouran Domination In 391 the Rouran chief, Heduohan (曷多汗) was killed by the Tuoba Northern Wei. Heduohan's brother Shelun raided several tribal dependencies of the Tuoba in retaliation, but reportedly suffered a serious defeat in 399, and was forced to flee westward. Here Shelun defeated the Hulu (斛律) tribe and subjugated them. With the aid of a Hulu named Chiluohou (叱洛侯), Shelun conquered most of the Gaoche tribes and proclaimed himself Kaghan of the Rouran on March 11, 402. Many Gaoche, such as Chiluohou, were promoted to establish better control. During the reign of Shelun and his successor Datan, the Rouran pushed as far as the Issyk Kul, where they defeated the Wusun and drove them to the south. In the east they raided the Northern Wei before they were defeated on June 16, 429. Afterwards, as many as 1.5 million Gaoche were said to have been captured and settled to areas adjacent to the capital Pingcheng in the south. After this settlement they were called the Western Chile (西部敕勒), including a section of the Ordos Desert south of the Yellow River known as the Hexi Chile (河西敕勒), the Eastern Chile (东部敕勒), between Wuzhou (武周) and the capital suburbs, and the Northern Chile (北部敕勒), to the north and around the borders. The greater part of the latter two possibly fled back to the steppe and were not heard of after 524 and 445 respectively. The Western Chile (mainly the Hulu and Tiele related to Fufuluo's Qifuli (泣伏利) clan) being caused by a horse race, by which south and north were eventually assimilated. With the loss of numerous subjects and vital resources, the Rouran went into a temporary decline. However, in 460 they launched new campaigns in the west, destroying the remnant of Northern Liang. During a campaign against Khotan in 470, the king wrote in his supplicatory letter to the Toba Emperor that all of the statelets in the west had submitted to the Rouran. In 472, Yucheng attacked Northern Wei across the western border. By the time of his death in 485, Yucheng had restored the Kaghanate to a status even more powerful than the times of Datan. During these wars, a southwestern Gaoche tribal group known as the Fufuluo united twelve clans and rebelled, but were defeated by the Rouran. They escaped and established a state northwest of Gaochang in 487. From then on, little is known about the rest of the Gaoche until the Göktürks. Fufuluo The Fufuluo (副伏罗) were a Gaoche tribe of twelve clans, dwelling close to the Gaochang kingdom (likely by the Tuin River of the Govi-Altai range. Early on a Fufuluo clan known as the Yizhan (which had lived there since the mid 2nd century) allied with the Touba. In 481, the Fufuluo began to interfere with the Gaochang and deposed one of their kings. The Fufuluo were then subjugated by the Rouran Khaganate. After the death of the Rouran ruler Yucheng in 485 CE, his belligerent son Dulun fought more wars against the Touba Northern Wei. After a disagreement, A-Fuzhiluo betrayed him, and in 487, together with his younger cousin Qiongqi (穷奇), they managed their clans of over 100,000 yurts to escape from the pursuing armies, led by Dulun and his uncle Nagai by defeating them. After they settled, he founded a statelet (also known as the A-Fuzhiluo kingdom) under the title of Ulu Beglik (候娄匐勒, based on an interpretation of Shiratori Kurakichi and Pulleyblank). Like the later Qibi and Xueyantuo in 605, the Fufuluo divided their rule between north and south at Dzungaria. The Fufuluo allied with the Northern Wei in 490 and fought against the Rouran until 541 when they were dispersed by them. Shortly after the death of Dulun in 492, several important cities on the eastern route were taken by Fufuluo, separating the Rouran from the west. With the elimination of Rouran influence, the Hephthalites, kindred steppe nomads, for the first time extended their domain as far as Karashahr, where Qiongqi was killed and his son Mietu (弥俄突) was taken hostage. After 507, the Hephthalites uninterruptedly sent eighteen embassies with gifts (朝献/朝贡) to the Chinese courts (twelve to Northern Wei, three to Liang Dynasty, two to Western Wei and one to Northern Zhou), as opposed to only one in 456. Like Peroz I and his son Kavadh I earlier in the west, the Hephthalites helped Mietu. He returned to his realm and Biliyan (跋利延), the successor of A-Fuzhiluo, was overthrown by his tribesmen, while shortly paying tribute to the Touba. In 508, Yujiulü Futu attacked the Fufuluo and gained a victory, but was killed by Mietu on his course back. Later in 516, l, son of Futu, defeated Mietu, and in reprisal had him towed to death by a horse. The Fufuluo went for several years into exile under the refuge of the Hephthalites. In 520, Chounu was repulsed by his younger brother Yifu (伊匐) who restored the realm. After his defeat, Chounu returned to the east, where he was killed in a coup in which the ruling clan of Yujiulu (郁久闾) was split into two factions. In 521, the Fufuluo penetrated into the Rouran territory, but were finally repulsed by 524. Thereafter, the Fufuluo suffered a series of defeats from Anagui before being annihilated in 541. During the final decade, they helped the Eastern Wei to fight the Western Wei in a civil war. After defeat, the nobility surrendered to them. Rulers of Gaoche Tiele Emergence of the Tiele The term Tiele appeared in Chinese literature from the 6th Century to 8th Century, and most scholars agree that Tiele is simply different Chinese characters used to describe the same Turkic word as Chile, although some scholars disagree on what the specific original Turkic word may be: Tölöš ~ Töliš, Türk, or Tegreg ~ Tägräg. The name "Tiele" was first interpreted as "Tölis" by Édouard Chavannes and Vilhelm Thomsen, but this was pointed out as inaccurate in 1937 by Cen Zhongmian, as Tölis applied to the Turkic title of official (突利失 Tulishi) in the east that also came to be attached to the Xueyantuo qaghan. Some scholars (Haneda, Onogawa, Geng, etc.) proposed that Tiele, Dili, Dingling, Chile, Tele, & Tujue all transliterated underlying Türk; however, Golden proposed that Dili, Dingling, Chile, Tele, & Tiele transliterated Tegrek while Tujue transliterated Türküt, plural of Türk. The appelation Türük (Old Turkic: 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰰) ~ Türk (OT: 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰚) (whence Middle Chinese 突厥 *dwət-kuɑt > *tɦut-kyat > standard Chinese: Tūjué) was initially reserved exclusively for the Göktürks by Chinese, Tibetans, and even the Turkic-speaking Uyghurs. In contrast, medieval Muslim writers, including Turkic speakers like Ottoman historian Mustafa Âlî and explorer Evliya Çelebi as well as Timurid scientist Ulugh Beg, often viewed Inner Asian tribes, "as forming a single entity regardless of their linguistic affiliation" commonly used Turk as a generic name for Inner Asians (whether Turkic- or Mongolic-speaking). Only in modern era do modern historians use Turks to refer to all peoples speaking Turkic languages, differentiated from non-Turkic speakers. In 546 the remainder of the Fufuluo, now called Tiele, rebelled and were defeated by Bumin Khan at Dzungaria. Around 250,000 of them were then incorporated into his army. In 552, Bumin Khan sent his army and defeated Anagui just north of the Chinese border. Two years before his death, he eliminated the remnants of the Rouran to the north and subjugated the Tiele. According to Suishu, the Tiele consisted of over 40 tribes divided into seven locations: The original manuscript contains no punctuation, so different scholars read and reconstruct the ethonyms differently. The Tiele were a large tribal group, however it is unlikely they would have been under a unified leadership. References of the tribes in the remote areas west of the Pamir Mountains were sparse and mentioned only in passing, some tribes like the Alans were probably erroneously added. By the end of the 6th century nothing more was known about them. Those tribes in the eastern areas (north of China and near Lake Baikal), such as the Guligan (骨利干), Duolange (多览葛) Xijie (奚结) and Baixi (白霫) were being rewarded afterward, though a few like the Fuluo (覆罗), Mengchen (蒙陈) and Turuhe (吐如纥) disappeared. Fuluo (覆羅) were possibly linked to the 伏利(具) Fuli(-ju) in Book of Sui, the 匐利(羽) Fuli(-yu) in Tanghuiyao and the Bökli-Çöligil (𐰋𐰇𐰚𐰲𐰃:𐰲𐰇𐰠𐰏𐰠) on Kul Tigin inscription. According to some researchers (Onogawa, 1940; Duan, 1988; Lung, 2011; Davis, 2008; Tang, 2009; etc.), the Göktürks' leading Ashina clan were descended from the Tiele tribe by ancestral lineage. Like the Göktürks, the Tiele were probably one of many nomadic Turkic peoples on the steppe. However, Lee & Kuang (2017) state that Chinese histories did not describe the Ashina-led Göktürks as descending from the Dingling or belonging to the Tiele confederation. The Tiele were ruled by the Göktürks during the mid 6th century and early 7th century. Many of their tribal chiefs were expelled and some were killed during this period. When Göktürks' power peaked, at least 15 Tiele tribes were named: Tiele allied themselves in a rebellion against the Göktürks during the turmoil between 599 and 603. This might have already started as early as in 582, when rumor was spread about a revolt in the north when a raiding campaign led Ishbara Qaghan away from the capital. Among the rivals of Ishbara in the west was Tardu, son of Istämi. He allied with Apa Khan, a qaghan at the northern Dzungaria and Khovd River, and declared himself independent. In 587 Baga Khan, heir of Ishbara, captured Apa with the help of the Chinese but died the next year on a campaign in the west. Later on, Dulan took over his reign and in 599 he, together with Tardu, launched a civil war against his son Qimin, who sided with the Chinese. However, he was unsuccessful and was assassinated during his battles with the Chinese. His partner Tardu took over and launched a revolt against the Qaghanate. In 603 he was revolted against by the Tiele tribes, provoked by the Chinese, and fled to the Tuyuhun. Earlier, when Apa was captured, Nili took over from him, but he died after the defeat of Tardu in the east. His son Heshana Khan succeeded him in the Western Qaghanate, levying heavy taxes on the Tiele. To prevent a revolt he gathered several hundreds of chiefs and murdered them. In 605 an alliance among the Tiele under the Qibi (契苾) and Xueyantuo (薛延陀) tribes was formed to overthrow him. They captured most of the Dzungaria and defeated his occupying army, taking several important cities, including Kumul, Karashahr and Gaochang, pushing Heshana Khan further west to the lower Ili River by 607. After victory, the Qibi chief Geleng (哥楞) was proclaimed as the qaghan by the tribes and the Xueyantuo chief Yiedie Khan as subordinate qaghan. At the same year Geleng allied with the Chinese to defeat the Tuyuhun to resolve a conflict at Dunhuang. In 611, Shekui, a qaghan from Tashkent and grandson of Tardu, attacked Chuluo and forced him to escape to China. The return of Shekui marked the end of the rebellion, although exactly when the rebels were put down is uncertain. One Chinese account indicated that the Gaochang kingdom still remained under their vassal until the year 612. They were most likely subdued after this year as Shekui restored order in the Western Qaghanate. Failure to put down these uprisings led to a fatal division within the Gökturks ruling Ashina clan. Under the leadership of Zhenzhu Khan in 628, grandson of Yishibo, the Xueyantuo made their crossing over the Altai, and quickly founded a confederation with the rest of the Tiele at the east. The Xueyantuo founded a short-lived Qaghanate over the steppe under Zhenzhu Khan, his son Duomi Khan and nephew Yitewushi Khan, the last of which eventually surrendered to the Chinese. Chinese subjugation Shortly after 646, the Uyghur and the rest of the twelve Tiele chiefs (and subsequently the far-away Guligan and Dubo) arrived at the Chinese court. They were bestowed either with the title of commander-in-chief (都督 dudu) or prefect (刺史 ) under the loose control (羁縻 jimi) of the northern protectorate or "pacificed north" (安北府), whose seat and name changed at certain times. The Uyghur were prominent among the Tiele tribes next to the Xueyantuo. Their name first appeared in 390 as Yuanhe (袁纥). Under the leadership of Pusa (菩萨), son of chief Tejian (特健), the Uyghur co-operated with the Xueyantuo to make a stand against the Eastern Qaghanate. Soon after his death, his successor Tumidu (吐迷度) formed a new alliance with the Chinese and turned against his former ally. Thereafter, Tumidu was granted a Chinese title like the rest of the Tiele chiefs, and carried the title of qaghan among the other tribes, who now annually donated furs to the Chinese to fulfill their tax obligations. In 648, Tumidu was murdered by his nephew Wuhe (乌纥) and another tribesman named Juluobo (俱罗勃). Both were sons-in-law of the Chebi Khan, the ruler of the Eastern Qaghanate at the northern Altai, who now held hegemony over the surrounding tribes, including the Qarluq. This alerted the Chinese, and Wuhe was assassinated by a ruse upon receiving his uncle's position from the Chinese deputy in the north. Later Juluobo was detained by the Chinese. On November 17, Porun (婆闰) was granted his fathers title. Since their submission, the Tiele (mainly the Uyghur) had participated in several campaigns under Chinese leadership. Under the command of Ashina Sheer (阿史那社尔), Yuan Lichen (元礼臣), Gao Kan (高侃), Liang Jianfang (梁建方), Cheng Zhijie (程知节), Su Ding Fang and Xiao Siya (萧嗣业) this resulted in the capture of Chebi Khan in 650 and the end of the Western Qaghanate in 657, except for a last campaign at Goguryeo which probably killed Porun. During those campaigns, visits would be paid to restrain the tribes. In 658 such a visit was repelled, a revolt broke out in 660 starting with the Sijie (思结), Bayegu (拔野古), Pugu (仆骨) and Tongluo (同罗), and it was joined by the other 5 tribes later. The reason for this revolt is unclear, perhaps due to the Chinese repression of the surrounding tribes during the campaigns. Two years later the revolts were suppressed by the Chinese at the upper Selenge River around Khangai. The battle was short, and a massacre was said to be committed by the two leading commanders. According to one exaggerated account from Tang Huiyao around 900,000 surrendered tribesmen were slaughtered, though it is certain that a large number of them were captured. After the event, a message was sent to the north to appease the restless Tiele. In 669 similar unsuccessful revolts had been made by the Xueyantuo, but the details of these are vague. The last revolt was mentioned in 686, led by the Pugu and Tongluo to join with the Ashina clan, who had formed the Second Turkic Khaganate under Ilterish Qaghan in 682. They were immediately suppressed by an army dispatched from Juyan. A number of them were moved to that region along with the seat of the protectorate under the jurisdiction of Ganzhou. Earlier during the rebellion contacts between the northern protectorate and the Chinese capital were cut off, and the only way to pass was through the area of Suzhou. Rise of the Uyghur Khaganate After the disintegration of the Eastern Qaghanate in 630, many Göktürk nobles were resettled either at the Chinese border or in the capital. Some went on to participate in frontier campaigns for the Chinese. In 679 a major rebellion was led by three Göktürk nobles. Among them, Ashina Nishufu (阿史那泥熟匐), a direct descendant of Illig, was chosen as their qaghan. They were quickly subdued by the Chinese and their leader was betrayed and killed by his own troops. The rest of the Göktürks managed to escape and allied themselves with Ashina Funian (阿史那伏念) for a new rebellion. Funian declared himself qaghan in 681, but his revolt did not succeed and more than fifty participants were executed on November 16 at the Chinese capital. The remaining rebellious Göktürks formed the Second Turkic Eastern Qaghanate under Ilteris Sad and his 5,000 supporters. They were mostly active in the southern region bordering China at mount Čoγay (总材山). Over the decade they held countless raids across the Chinese border. Exactly when or how the Tiele came under their subjection is unclear. However, during this period, a number of pro-Chinese Tiele groups who had earlier cooperated with the Chinese against them, such as Uyghur, Qibi, Sijie and Hun (浑), escaped into the Hexi Corridor and eventually resettled to Liangzhou. According to the Tonyukuk and Kültigin Orkhon script, the Göktürks made five out of forty-seven attacks on the Tiele who were led by Ilteris. Among them, four seem to have been mere raids while the last attack could be seen as their re-subjection on the northern steppe. The estimated date for the Tiele submission to the Göktürks would be around 687, probably without much resistance. The establishment of a second Göktürk capital at the foot of the sacred mountain Ötüken (於都斤山) brought unrest to the Tiele tribes. After the Uyghur chief was killed, they were recruited for their annual raiding campaigns over the Chinese border after 694. These raids were halted in 708, as the Chinese constructed fortifications along the Ordos. Raids continued elsewhere as Qapagan turned his attention to the west and the Turgesh and Qarluq tribes between 708 and 715. By this time, some of the Tiele had escaped into China and were settled in Lingzhou and elsewhere, while others like the Bayegu had revolted in 707. These revolts continued until 716 and Qapagan, on his way back from suppressing revolts by the Uyghur, Tongluo, Baixi, Bayegu and Pugu, was ambushed and killed by a Bayegu tribesman named Xiezhilue (颉质略) on July 22. In conclusion, not all tribes were involved in the revolts. Two of the northernmost tribal allies, the Guligan and Dubo (都播) did not participate in any of the revolts. Soon, Bilge Khan took over the reign and together with Tonyukuk, began to appease the subjected Tiele. Tonyukuk was born in China and was considered a wise statesman in both Turkic and Chinese accounts. Meanwhile, a friendly relationship was built with the Chinese. Till the end of the Second Eastern Qaghanate only one raid in 720 was made on the Chinese border. Bilge Khan started to call for a return of the former members of the Tiele tribes who had settled in China. He had risen in status among the tribal chiefs, especially the Uyghur within the Qaghanate. During this period, many Tiele had betrayed the local Chinese authorities and fled to the north, in particular the five communities around Liang, Ling, Xia, Feng, and Bingzhou, while minor insurgencies had occurred throughout the process. Among the returning Tiele tribes was the Uyghur, specifically the Yaoluoge, who had escaped into China until 727. The Yaoluoge consisted one of nine clans of Uyghur, and had dominated probably for six generations since the fall of Xueyantuo. After Bilge Khan was poisoned, there were factional struggles within the ruling clan. Within a few years, an alliance was established between the Basmyl (拔悉蜜), Uyghur and Qarluq. They overthrew the Göktürks and killed the qaghan. Most of the heirs were killed subsequently. At the same time the Basmyl chief, who was approved as qaghan, was overthrown by the allies. In 745 the exiled qaghan of the Göktürks was killed by a Uyghur chief named Qutlugh Boyla, son of Hushu (护输). He founded the new Uyghur Qaghanate under the title of Qutlugh Bilge Köl Qaghan. The name "Tiele", and the "nine allies (of Tiele)" (九姓) or Toquz Oguz (based on the interpretation of scholar Cen Zhongmian in the late 1950s) is not mentioned afterwards, and was probably replaced by the name Huihu (Uyghur) in historic records. From then on the Uyghur consisted of seven former Tiele tribes and two new tribes, while eight former Tiele tribal names had now disappeared. References Primary sources Sima Guang (1985). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.27). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. . Sima Guang (1986). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.30). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. . Sima Guang (1987). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.38). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. . Sima Guang (1987). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.41). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. . Sima Guang (1987). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.42). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. . Sima Guang (1988). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.46). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. . Sima Guang (1988). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.47). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. . Sima Guang (1988). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.48). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. . Sima Guang (1989). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.50). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. . Secondary sources Duan, Lianqin (1988). "Dingling, Gaoju and Tiele". Shanghai: Shanghai People's Press. . Li, Jihe (2003). "A Research on Migration of Northwestern Minorities Between pre-Qin to Sui and Tang". Beijing: Nationalities Press. . Lu, Simian [1934] (1996). "A History of Ethnic Groups in China". Beijing: Oriental Press. . Pulleyblank, Edwin G (2002). "Central Asia and Non-Chinese Peoples of Ancient China". Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing. . Trever, Camilla (1932). "Excavations in Northern Mongolia (1924–1925)". Leningrad: J. Fedorov Printing House. OCLC 2566311. Shen, Youliang (1998). "A Research on Northern Ethnic Groups and Regimes". Beijing: Central Nationalities University Press. . Suribadalaha (1986). "New Studies of the Origins of the Mongols". Beijing: Nationalities Press. OCLC 19390448. Wang, Xiaofu (1992). "Political Relationship Between the Chinese, Tibetan and Arab". Beijing: Peking University Press. . Xue, Zongzheng (1992). "A History of Turks". Beijing: Chinese Social Sciences Press. . Zhang, Bibo, and Dong, Guoyao (2001). "Cultural History of Ancient Northern Ethnic Groups in China". Harbin: Heilongjiang People's Press. . The Peoples of the West, University of Washington, from the Weilue, by Yu Huan Turkic peoples of Asia Ethnic groups in Chinese history History of Central Asia

6899695

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marlboro%20Cup%20Invitational%20Handicap

Marlboro Cup Invitational Handicap

The Marlboro Cup Invitational Handicap was a Thoroughbred horse race first run in September 1973 at Belmont Park in Elmont, New York. A Grade 1 race for horses 3 years old and up, it was raced over a distance of miles on a dirt track. The race came into existence as a result of the huge popularity of Secretariat, who in 1973 became the first U.S. Triple Crown champion in twenty-five years. Such was the drawing power of Secretariat that CBS television readily agreed to broadcast the race nationally, a rare occurrence at the time for a non-Triple Crown or traditional "classic" event (such as the Travers Stakes). Originally conceived as a match race with Secretariat's stablemate and 1972 Kentucky Derby winner Riva Ridge, it was changed to an invitational race that brought together the top horses 3 years of age and older. In the inaugural race, Secretariat set a world record time for miles on dirt while winning by lengths on a track officially rated as being only "good". The race became a very important annual event and 1978 marked the first of only two times in racing history that two American Triple Crown winners met in a single race, with Seattle Slew, the 1977 champion, defeating the 1978 champion Affirmed by three lengths. (The two met again in that year's edition of the Jockey Club Gold Cup; Seattle Slew lost by a nose to Exceller, while Affirmed finished up the track due to a slipped saddle.) For many years the Marlboro Cup was part of Belmont Park's Fall Championship meet and the track's owner, the New York Racing Association, created a Fall Championship Series consisting of the Woodward Stakes, followed by the Marlboro Cup, and then the Jockey Club Gold Cup. In 1984, Slew o' Gold became the first horse to win the Fall Series for which he received a $1,000,000 bonus. CBS and later NBC continued to broadcast the Marlboro into the 1980s. The advent of the Breeders' Cup races in 1984 marked the beginning of the end for the Marlboro Cup. In 1987, the 15th edition of the race attracted just five horses and was picked up for broadcast on cable television only. Records Speed record: 1:45.40 @ 1-1/8 miles: Secretariat (1973) (new stakes, track, and world record) 2:00.00 @ 1-1/4 miles: Turkoman (1986) Most wins: No horse won this race more than once. Most wins by a jockey: 3 – Jacinto Vásquez (1977, 1982, 1983) Most wins by a trainer: 2 – MacKenzie Miller (1980, 1987) Most wins by an owner: 2 – Rokeby Stables (1980, 1987) Winners External link Secretariat's 1973 Marlboro Cup References Discontinued horse races Horse races in the United States Belmont Park Recurring sporting events established in 1973 Recurring sporting events disestablished in 1987 1973 establishments in New York (state) 1987 disestablishments in New York (state)

6899696

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative%20Heroes

Relative Heroes

Relative Heroes was a limited comic book series published by DC Comics in six issues, from March 2000 through October 2000. It revolved around a family of orphaned children who become superheroes. The team first appears in Relative Heroes #1 (March 2000), by Devin K. Grayson and Yvel Guichet. History After their parents are killed in a traffic accident, the super-powered Weinberg children travel across country to Metropolis in order to find Superman. The children are hunted by three superpowered D.E.O. operatives named Girth, Napalm & Kittyhawk. The D.E.O. eventually capture the kids and reveal to Cameron that he and Chloe were never in fact human or metahuman, and that Cameron is actually a member of a race of alien shapeshifters known as the "Es". Members Joel Aaron Weinberg (Houston) - No superhuman talents. Aviva Joby Weinberg (Temper) - Aviva possessed powers to generate electricity. Damara Sinclaire (Allure) - Charmed by the god Eryx with mystic pheromones and other powers of persuasion in return for her hand in marriage. Tyson Gilford (Blindside) - Adopted African-American brother who believes he is the grandson of the Invisible Hood, Tyson can become invisible at will. Cameron Begay (Omni) - Adopted brother who like Synch of Generation X, can mimic the powers of others. Member of an alien race known as the "Es". Chloe - Cameron's plant. Member of an alien race known as the "Es". External links Cosmic Teams: Relative Heroes Religion of Comic Book Characters: Houston Religion of Comic Book Characters: Temper Gay League profiles: Houston DC Comics titles DC Comics extraterrestrial superheroes DC Comics superhero teams Superheroes who are adopted

6899697

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%2BC%20Development%20and%20Cooperation

D+C Development and Cooperation

D+C Development and Cooperation is a monthly English language journal funded by Germany’s Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development. It claims is to provide a credible forum of debate involving government, civil society, and academia at an international level. All articles are available online. D+C is the identical twin of "E+Z Entwicklung und Zusammenarbeit", the leading German language publication on global development issues. D+C and E+Z share the same content. Their total circulation was 24.000 in July 2006. References External links Official site English-language magazines Political magazines published in Germany Monthly magazines published in Germany Magazines with year of establishment missing

6899698

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evangeline%20Trail

Evangeline Trail

The Evangeline Trail is a scenic roadway in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. It is located in the western part of the province, bringing visitors to the Minas Basin, the Annapolis Valley and the Gulf of Maine. The route connects Mount Uniacke in Hants County with Yarmouth at the Bay Ferries terminal where ferries connect to Maine in the United States. The route measures . Name The route is named after the principal character in the epic poem Evangeline by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. The region from Yarmouth to Halifax via the Annapolis Valley was first connected by the Dominion Atlantic Railway, which is credited with instigating the province's nascent tourism industry during the early 20th century; the DAR was titled "The Land of Evangeline Route" and the Evangeline Trail pays homage to this transport predecessor. Communities include Lower Sackville Mount Uniacke Windsor Hantsport Wolfville New Minas Kentville Berwick Aylesford Kingston Middleton Lawrencetown Bridgetown Annapolis Royal Digby Weymouth Church Point Meteghan Yarmouth Parks Oaklawn Farm Zoo Annapolis Royal Historic Gardens Museums Uniacke Estate Museum Shand House Museum Fort Edward National Historic Site Halliburton House Museum Grand Pre National Historic Site Randall House Museum Greenwood Military Museum MacDonald Museum North Hills Museum Fort Anne National Historic Site Habitation at Port-Royal St. Mary's Church (Church Point) Firefighters' Museum of Nova Scotia Yarmouth County Museum Highways Trunk 1 Highway 101 External links Evangeline Trail Literary inspiration. Westworld Alberta Roads in Hants County, Nova Scotia Roads in Kings County, Nova Scotia Roads in Annapolis County, Nova Scotia Roads in Digby County, Nova Scotia Roads in Yarmouth County Scenic travelways in Nova Scotia

6899706

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Roth%20%28musician%29

Peter Roth (musician)

Peter Roth (Hebrew: פיטר רוט; born on September 17, 1974) is an Israeli singer and record producer, and a member of the Israeli rock band Monica Sex. Biography Roth was born in Bat Yam to a musician couple. His father, a member in an Israeli army band, taught Peter to play the guitar at a young age. Roth played basketball in high school, but he wasn't tall enough to be good at it; he then took music lessons instead. Roth was a member of a few teenage bands, in which he met Shachar Even-Tzur. In the middle of the 90s, Roth joined Monica Sex, which already included Even-Tzur, Yahaly Sobol and Yossi Khamami. The band had many performances in Tel Aviv, garnered a following, and signed a contract with Hed Artzi. In 1995 the band released the album Ptzaim Veneshikot (Wounds and Kisses), which sold a few tens of thousands of copies. In 1996 the band moved to New York City. After a year and half they disbanded. Roth came back to Israel and worked as a guitarist in bands of other artists, such as Eviatar Banai, Maor Cohen and Yahaly Sobol. He was also member of the bands HaZvuvim (The Flies) and Malkat HaPlakat (Queen of the Placard) and started to work as a producer. In 2001, Monica Sex reunited and recorded the album Yehasim Ptuhim (Open Relationships). In 2003 the band worked with Shalom Hanoch, and later that year released its third album, Haiot Mahmad (Pets). Roth started to work on a solo album in 2003 along with Dan Toren. He also worked with Arik Einstein, Izhar Ashdot and Maor Cohen. In 2005, Roth released a single from his album Hi Ohevet (She Loves). By the end of that year, he had released the self-titled album, which won the ACUM Prize. In 2006 he released the album Regaim (Moments) with Arik Einstein. Discography Monica Sex Ptzaim VeNeshikot (Wounds and Kisses) – 1995 Yehasim Ptuhim (Open Relationships) – 2001 Haiot Mahmad (Pets) – 2003 Mangina (Melody) – 2011 Miktzoim Hofshiim (Liberal Professions) – 2014 Laila Hadash (New Night) – 2019 Other Solo Album: Peter Roth – 2005 With Arik Einstein: Regaim (Moments) – 2006 Solo Album: Shar Chizik (Singing Chizik) – 2010 Solo Album: Singelim (Singles) – 2020 References External links 1974 births Living people People from Bat Yam 20th-century Israeli male singers Israeli record producers Israeli people of Romanian-Jewish descent 21st-century Israeli male singers

6899708

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape%20Cod%20Commission

Cape Cod Commission

The Cape Cod Commission is a regional planning authority and department of Barnstable County. It was created in 1990 by an Act of the Massachusetts General Court and confirmed by a majority of county voters. In the wake of an unprecedented growth boom in the 1980s, the Cape Cod Commission Act found that the region known as Cape Cod (a geographic region largely co-extensive with Barnstable County) possesses unique natural, coastal, historical, cultural and other values which are threatened by uncoordinated or inappropriate uses of the region's land and other resources. The Commission was established as a regional planning and regulatory agency to prepare and implement a regional land use policy plan for all of Cape Cod, review and regulate Developments of Regional Impact, and recommend designation of certain areas as Districts of Critical Planning Concern. It is funded by the Cape Cod Environmental Protection Fund. Commission composition The Commission is made up of 19 members representing each of Barnstable County's 15 towns as well as the County Commissioners, minorities, Native Americans, and a governor's appointee. The members are citizen volunteers who guide a professional staff to plan for Cape Cod's future growth, provide technical assistance to towns, review and vote on major developments and act as the Commission's liaison to their communities. Commission planners and technical staff have expertise in a wide variety of areas including: landscape architecture, land use planning, economic development, affordable housing, historic preservation, wetland and wildlife resources, water resources, coastal resources, waste management, transportation planning, and computer mapping. The Commission's work is divided into three major areas: planning and community development, technical services, and regulation. References External links . (Various documents). Barnstable County website Government of Barnstable County, Massachusetts Land management in the United States Environment of Massachusetts

6899717

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom%20Morgan%20%28musician%29

Tom Morgan (musician)

Thomas Martin Morgan (born 3 March 1970) is an Australian musician and songwriter. He fronts the 1990s indie pop group, Smudge (1991–present). He has written or co-written (with Evan Dando) songs for Boston power pop group, the Lemonheads. Morgan's other bands include Sneeze (1991–present), The Givegoods, Godstar (1991–95), Tofu Kok and Bambino Koresh (ca. 2012). He married Argentine-Spanish musician, Leticia Nischang (Sneeze, Bambino Koresh). As of September 2010, Morgan and Nischang were living in Maitland. On 4 March 2013 Morgan issued his solo album, Orange Syringe, with Nischang providing backing vocals. Discography Orange Syringe (4 March 2013) Fire Records (FIRECD292, FV292LP) Local Knowledge (2001) Lake Midgeon (LMD001) References External links An Interview with Tom Morgan at Oz Music Project, archived here Interview with Tom Morgan at evandando.co.uk (December 2005) 1970 births Living people People from Maitland, New South Wales Australian singer-songwriters 21st-century Australian singers

23571523

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20City%20of%20Toronto%20inside%20and%20outside%20workers%20strike

2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike

The 2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike (also known as the 2009 Toronto strike) was a legal strike action that was undertaken by the Toronto Civic Employees Union Local 416 and CUPE Local 79, two locals of the Canadian Union of Public Employees in the city of Toronto. It involved approximately 24,000 city employees. Background On June 22 at midnight Toronto municipal workers belonging to 2 separate unions (CUPE Local 416 - representing the outside workers, and CUPE Local 79 - representing the inside workers) went on strike following six months negotiating with the municipality over contract renewal. Issues The union said that the main issue for the strike were requests, from the city, for concessions from the union in the new contract. According to the CBC, the main issues were regard changes to job security, seniority and the banking of sick days. The previous contract allowed some union members to bank unused sick days and cash them out upon retirement. The city proposed contract was to disallow the practise. CUPE Local 79 President, Ann Dembinski was quoted as saying "This is about getting a fair deal similar to what everyone else got. Everyone else was able to negotiate a collective agreement without huge takeaways. These are huge concessions. No other City of Toronto workforce has had to negotiate any concessions in order to get a collective agreement." Services affected Union members from Local 416 and Local 79 work in various departments within the city and the work stoppage affected many of their services, including: Garbage Collection - from single detached dwellings, low-rise residential dwellings and some small commercial businesses. (exception: former city of Etobicoke which contracted out services before amalgamation). Parks and Recreation - including city run pools and recreation facilities, grass cutting in parks and summer programmes. Toronto Island ferries halted for visitors and residents. City run daycare facilities. Municipal Licensing - including building permits, signage permits, taxi cab licenses and burlesque licenses. Marriage licenses were not affected. Public Health - including regular health inspections of restaurants, public pools, city beaches, city run health clinics and dental offices. Toronto EMS - Ambulance service running at 75% capacity with priority calls unaffected. Water Supply/Water Treatment Animal Services Garbage collection The cessation of garbage collection was one of the more noticeable effects of the labour disruption. Four days into the strike the city announced 19 temporary garbage drop off locations for residential waste. This decision proved controversial in the neighbourhoods containing the sites as residents expressed concerns about pesticide and rodenticide spraying, as well as odour and leaching caused by the piles of garbage. Junk removal entrepreneurs took the opportunity to increase their customer base, specifically because plenty of residents were left without options to deal with their garbage. Final resolution On July 27, after extensions to a union-imposed midnight deadline to reach an agreement, CUPE local 416 President Mark Ferguson announced that the union had "the basis for a deal" with the City of Toronto. Ferguson exhorted the city to turn its attention to resolving outstanding issues with the city's inside workers represented by 416's sister local, local 79. The final vote by the council on the agreement put forward by the mayor resulted in 21 "yes" votes, 18 "no" votes, and 6 absences. See also 2009 City of Windsor inside and outside workers strike Mayor David Miller References External links City of Toronto's Labour dispute homepage City Of Toronto Inside And Outside Workers Strike, 2009 Labour disputes in Ontario Canadian Union of Public Employees City Of Toronto Inside And Outside Workers Strike, 2009

6899718

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazeau%20River

Brazeau River

The Brazeau River is a river in western Alberta, Canada. It is a major tributary of the North Saskatchewan River. The river was named for Joseph Brazeau, a linguist associated with the Palliser Expedition. Course The river originates in the heights of the Canadian Rockies from Brazeau Lake (which is fed by creeks that flow from Coronet Glacier and the Queen Elizabeth Ranges) and flows east through the Rocky Mountains foothills until it merges into the North Saskatchewan River between Drayton Valley and Rocky Mountain House at Brazeau Forks. The upper course runs eastwards from Jasper National Park into Brazeau Canyon Wildland Provincial Park. The O'Chiese First Nation is established at the confluence with Nordegg River. The total length of the river is . The river, and various other local geographic features, were named after Joseph Brazeau, a Missouri-born fur trader working for the Hudson's Bay Company in the area between 1852 and 1864. Hydroelectric development The Brazeau River has long been seen as a potential site for hydroelectric power generation. The earliest scheme to harness the power of the river was hatched in 1913 and involved a dam and storage on Brazeau Lake. The potential power generation was estimated at 5,000 to 10,000 kilovolt-amperes, and power would have been transmitted to Edmonton and Calgary, both roughly from the generator (this was a relatively ambitious plan: long-distance transmission was not common at the time). The plan was scuttled after the discovery of a large underflow at Brazeau Lake, precluding its use as a storage facility. The Brazeau Reservoir was created on the lower course through the construction of the Brazeau Dam. Its hydroelectric power plant is Alberta's largest, with a capacity of 355 megawatts and an annual production of about 394,000 megawatt hours of electrical energy. An unusual feature of this hydroelectric development, commissioned in 1965, is a pump system capable of lifting water from the reservoir into the long canal leading to the power plant so that it can operate at low reservoir water levels. Tributaries Boulder Creek Four Point Creek Brazeau Lake John-John Creek Upper Longview Lake Job Creek Whisker Creek, Whisker Lakes, Job Lake, Leah Lake, Samson Lake Isaac Creek Race Creek Southesk River Southesk Lake Thistle Creek Chimney Creek Marshybank Creek Marshybank Lake Canyon Creek Moosehound Creek Cardinal River Blackstone River Elk River Nordegg River See also Geography of Alberta List of Alberta rivers References External links Rivers of Alberta North Saskatchewan River

6899722

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikolahi

Ikolahi

Ikolahi is a village in Khanna tehsil in Ludhiana district of Punjab State, India. It is located 39 km to the east of District headquarters Ludhiana. 7 km from Khanna. 68 km from State capital Chandigarh Ikolahi Pin code is 141401 and postal head office is Khanna. Libra (2 km), Bhamadi (2 km), Daudpur (2 km), Rasulra (2 km), Chakohi (3 km) are the nearby villages to Ikolahi. Caste Factor In Ikolahi village, most of the villagers are from Jatt caste. Schedule Caste (SC) constitutes 41.36% of total population in Ikolahi village. Work Profile In Ikolahi village out of total population, 732 were engaged in work activities. 90.71% of workers describe their work as Main Work (Employment or Earning more than 6 Months) while 9.29% were involved in Marginal activity providing livelihood for less than 6 months. Of 732 workers engaged in Main Work, 147 were cultivators (owner or co-owner) while 50 were Agricultural labourer. Population The Ikolahi village has population of 1874 of which 984 are males while 890 are females as per Population Census 2011. In Ikolahi village population of children with age 0-6 is 205 which makes up 10.94% of total population of village. Average Sex Ratio of Ikolahi village is 904 which is higher than Punjab state average of 895. Child Sex Ratio for the Ikolahi as per census is 864, higher than Punjab average of 846. Ikolahi village has higher literacy rate compared to Punjab. In 2011, literacy rate of Ikolahi village was 78.85% compared to 75.84% of Punjab. In Ikolahi Male literacy stands at 82.95% while female literacy rate was 74.34%. Panchyat As per constitution of India and Panchyati Raaj Act, Ikolahi village is administrated by Sarpanch (Head of Village) S. BIR SINGH Education Delhi public school khanna (DPS khanna) is located in Ikolahi. It is a branch of Delhi Public School. It offers full 12th grade tuition for students. Ikolahi has a government school up to 8th grade. This school also has a play yard. Additionally, within Ikolahi there is also Gurukul public school, which is up to 10th class. There are many scientific amenities and cultural activities for students at Gurukul public school. External links http://wikimapia.org/12376999/IKOLAHI-ਇਕੋਲਾਹੀ http://villagemap.in/punjab/ludhiana/khanna/795500.html Villages in Ludhiana district

20464588

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Queensland%20state%20election

2009 Queensland state election

The 2009 Queensland state election was held on 21 March 2009 to elect all 89 members of the Legislative Assembly, a unicameral parliament. The election saw the incumbent Labor government led by Premier Anna Bligh defeat the Liberal National Party of Queensland led by Opposition Leader Lawrence Springborg, and gain a fifth consecutive term in office for her party. Bligh thus became the first female Premier of any Australian State elected in her own right. The 2009 election marked the eighth consecutive victory of Labor in a general election since 1989, although it was out of office between 1996 and 1998 as a direct result of the 1996 Mundingburra by-election. Key dates Results | colspan=7 |* The two-party preferred summary is an estimate by Antony Green using a methodology by Malcolm Mackerras. |} Seats changing hands ¶ Ronan Lee was elected as a member of the Labor Party in 2006, but he defected to the Greens in 2008. One of the gains by the Liberal Nationals was the defeat of the Minister for Sustainability, Climate Change and Innovation Andrew McNamara (Hervey Bay). The Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Education, Training and the Arts, Bonny Barry (Aspley), was also defeated. Date The previous state election was held on 9 September 2006 to elect the 89 members of the Legislative Assembly. In Queensland, for the government to serve a full-term, an election will be held approximately three years following the previous election. In Queensland, Section 80 of the Electoral Act 1992 states that an election must be held on a Saturday; and that the election campaign must run for a minimum of 26 or a maximum of 56 days following the issue of the writs. Five to seven days following the issue of the writs, the electoral roll is closed, which gives voters a final opportunity to enrol or to notify the Electoral Commission of Queensland of any changes in their place of residence. Legislative Assembly The Labor Party, led by Premier Anna Bligh, and the LNP, led by Opposition Leader Lawrence Springborg, were the two main parties in Queensland at the election. It was the first election contested by the LNP following its creation with the merger of the National and Liberal parties. At the previous election, Labor won 59 seats, the Nationals won 17 seats, the Liberals won eight seats, One Nation won one seat, and independents won four seats. Former Labor MP Ronan Lee joined the Greens in 2008, thus becoming their parliamentary leader. Lee lost his seat at the election. A redistribution saw Labor notionally pick up three seats. Therefore, the LNP notionally needed to pick up 22 seats rather than 20 seats to form a majority government, which equated to an unchanged uniform 8.3 percent two party preferred swing. Former Premier Peter Beattie resigned in September 2007, which triggered the October 2007 Brisbane Central by-election. Parties contesting the election † Contested 2006 elections as Liberal Party (49 seats) and National Party (40) seats. Both the Australian Labor Party and the Greens contested all 89 seats. This was the first Queensland state election in which the Greens contested every seat. The LNP contested every seat except Gladstone (held by an Independent), which they avoided for strategic reasons. A total of 397 candidates contested the election—the largest number of candidates to contest a Queensland election since 1998. Post-election pendulum Polling Newspoll polling was conducted via random telephone number selection in city and country areas. Sampling sizes usually consist of around 1000 electors, with the declared margin of error at around ±3 percent. See also Candidates of the Queensland state election, 2009 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 2006–2009 Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 2009–2012 References External links Electoral Commission Queensland 2009 Queensland election - Antony Green ABC 2009 elections in Australia Elections in Queensland 2000s in Queensland March 2009 events in Australia

6899732

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pull%20My%20Daisy%20%28poem%29

Pull My Daisy (poem)

"Pull My Daisy" is a poem by Allen Ginsberg, Jack Kerouac and Neal Cassady. It was written in the late 1940s in a similar way to the Surrealist “exquisite corpse” game, with one person writing the first line, the other writing the second, and so on sequentially with each person only being shown the line before. It provided the title for the film Pull My Daisy, which was narrated by Kerouac, and featured Ginsberg and other writers, artists and actors of the Beat Generation. It was based on an event in the life of Cassady. The poem also featured in a jazz composition by David Amram, which appeared in the opening of the film. "Pull My Daisy" can be found published in various forms in Kerouac's Scattered Poems and Ginsberg's Collected Poems. References Poetry by Allen Ginsberg Beat poetry American poems Poetry by Jack Kerouac

6899733

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Household%20Saints

Household Saints

Household Saints is a 1993 film starring Tracey Ullman, Vincent D'Onofrio and Lili Taylor. It is based on the novel by Francine Prose and directed by Nancy Savoca. The film explores the lives of three generations of Italian-American women over the course of the latter half of the 20th century. The film's executive producer is Jonathan Demme, a long-time friend of Savoca's, and her first real employer in the world of film. Plot The film follows the courtship and marriage of Catherine Falconetti to local butcher Joseph Santangelo, as well as Catherine's relationship with her overbearing Old World mother-in-law, Carmela. The film also focuses on Catherine and Joseph's daughter Teresa, a devout Catholic more similar to her superstitious grandmother than her modernized and secularized parents. As a child and young adult, Terersa puts herself through a series of trials so that she might one day be canonized as a saint. Teresa's teenage fantasy to become a nun is strained after starting a relationship with a marriage-minded young man. The film explores both family dynamics over the course of time as well as, on a larger level, the relationship between religious faith in miracles and modernity. Cast Tracey Ullman as Catherine Falconetti Vincent D'Onofrio as Joseph Santangelo Lili Taylor as Teresa Carmela Santangelo Rachael Bella as young Teresa Judith Malina as Carmela Santangelo Michael Rispoli as Nicky Falconetti Victor Argo as Lino Falconetti Michael Imperioli as Leonard Villanova Ileana Douglas as Evelyn Santangelo Joe Grifasi as Frank Manzone Production Nancy Savoca cast many favorite New York City actors for the film which was shot in DeLaurentis/Carolco (now EUE Screen Gems) Studios in Wilmington, North Carolina. The film reunited Lili Taylor with Savoca, with whom she'd previously worked on Dogfight, and Vincent D'Onofrio, with whom she'd appeared in 1988's Mystic Pizza. Tracey Ullman and Vincent D'Onofrio, as Lili Taylor's screen parents, are only eight years older than she is. Reception Critical reception On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, Household Saints has an approval rating of 54% based on 13 reviews. Roger Ebert gave the film four out of four stars and called it a "warm-hearted jewel of a movie" with many scenes that rang true to his Catholic upbringing. He added Savoca "wants to show how, in only three generations, an Italian family that is comfortable with the mystical turns into an American family that is threatened by it. And she wants to explore the possibilities of sainthood in these secular days. That she sees great humor in her subject is perfect; it is always easier to find the truth through laughter." Accolades The film made The New York Times' Best Films of 1993 list. It was nominated for a Independent Spirit Award for Best Screenplay by Nancy Savoca and Richard Guay. Lili Taylor won an Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Female. Home media Although the film was met with critical success on release, it has only been released on VHS and has yet to be released on DVD. References External links 1993 films 1993 comedy films American comedy films Films about Catholicism Films shot in North Carolina Films based on American novels Films directed by Nancy Savoca 1993 independent films American independent films 1990s English-language films 1990s American films Films about Italian-American culture Films about mother–daughter relationships Films set in the 1950s Films set in the 1970s Films set in New York City Films set in the Bronx

17327458

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309%20in%20Scottish%20football

2008–09 in Scottish football

The 2008–09 season was the 112th season of competitive football in Scotland. Overview Hamilton Academical competed in the Scottish Premier League for the first time, their first season in the top-flight since the 1988–89 season, after being promoted as First Division champions the previous season. Gretna were due to play in the First Division after being relegated from the SPL. However, on 29 May 2008, they were demoted to the Third Division due to their failure to guarantee that they would fulfill their fixtures. Gretna resigned from the SFL on 3 June 2008 with the club's administrators warning of the threat of liquidation, creating an opening in the Third Division for a new SFL member. Following Gretna's demise a new club, Gretna 2008 was formed, they were given a place in the East of Scotland League, filling the gap left by Annan Athletic. Ross County competed in the First Division after being promoted as Second Division champions. Airdrie United were also promoted into the First Division, filling Gretna's space, as they were the losing play-off finalists. Stirling Albion competed in the Second Division after being relegated from the First Division as the bottom team. East Fife and Arbroath competed in the Second Division after being promoted as Third Division champions and Second Division play-off winners, respectively. Stranraer were also promoted into the Second Division, filling the empty space following Gretna's relegation, as they were the losing play-off finalists. Berwick Rangers and Cowdenbeath competed in the Third Division after being relegated from the Second Division as the bottom team and through the Second Division play-offs, respectively. Annan Athletic competed in the Third Division after being admitted to the SFL. They replaced Gretna, who resigned their league status on 3 June. St Mirren moved into their new 8,000 seater stadium, New St Mirren Park, on 31 January 2009. Notable events 2008 3 July – Annan Athletic, formerly of the East of Scotland League were admitted to the SFL, beating Cove Rangers, Edinburgh City, Preston Athletic and Spartans. They replaced Gretna, who resigned their league status on 3 June. 6 July – The first competitive match involving a Scottish team was played by Hibernian in the 2008 Intertoto Cup, they lost 2–0 to Elfsborg. 11 July – Gretna 2008, founded by the supporters of the bankrupt Gretna, join the East of Scotland League First Division. 26 July – Competitive domestic competition got under way with the first fixtures of the 2008–09 Challenge Cup. 2 August – The Scottish Football League begins with the playing of the first fixtures in the First and Second divisions. 8 August – Former SPL members and Scottish Cup finalists Gretna F.C. are formally liquidated by the club's administrators. 9 August – The first matches of the 2008–09 Scottish Premier League take place. 13 November – A consortium led by Berwick Rangers Supporters Club agreed a deal to take over the club. Following a poor run of form, manager Allan McGonigal resigned at the same time saying "I made up my mind that when the current directors left I would move on." 16 November – The 2008–09 Challenge Cup was won by Airdrie United who defeated Ross County 3–2 on penalties following a 2–2 draw after extra time, the winning penalty was scored by Marc Smyth. 4 December – Scotland fail in their attempt to have the match against Norway moved to October 2009, the match was to go ahead on 12 August 2009. 13 December – Celtic drew 1–1 with Heart of Midlothian at Celtic Park which was followed by a reported dressing-room argument between Celtic manager Gordon Strachan and player Aiden McGeady. This led to Strachan banning the player without pay for two weeks, after initially saying he would contest the sanction McGeady accepted the punishment and later returned to the team. 2009 3 January – St Mirren drew 0–0 with Motherwell in their last game at Love Street before they moved to New St Mirren Park. 28 January – Shares in Berwick Rangers were transferred to complete the deal which handed control to a consortium led by Berwick Rangers Supporters Trust. 31 January – St Mirren drew 1–1 with Kilmarnock in their first match at their new stadium. 14 February – The Scottish Premier League agreed to the Scottish Football Association's request to delay the start of the SPL season by a week to give the Scotland national team extra time to prepare for the match against Norway. 25 February – Former First Minister and former East Fife player Henry McLeish was appointed to chair a review of Scottish football. 15 March – Celtic won the 2008–09 League cup beating Rangers 2–0 after extra time in the final thanks to a goal from Darren O'Dea and an Aiden McGeady penalty. 4 April – Stranraer were relegated to the Third Division after being beaten 3–0 by Raith Rovers. 2 May – St Johnstone won promotion to the Scottish Premier League as First Division champions following a 3–1 win over Greenock Morton. The Second Division title and promotion to the First Division was won by Raith Rovers, following a 1–0 win over Queen's Park at Hampden Park. Clyde were relegated from the First Division despite beating Dundee 2–0. 9 May – The Third Division title was won by Dumbarton after they beat Annan Athletic 3–1, they therefore gained promotion to the second Division. 17 May – Queen's Park were relegated from the Second Division after a 2–1 aggregate loss to Stenhousemuir in their Second Division play-off Semi-final. 23 May – Falkirk beat Inverness Caledonian Thistle 1–0 to stay in the SPL and relegate Inverness to the First Division on goal difference. Stenhousemuir won promotion to the Second Division as Second Division play-off winners, they beat Cowdenbeath 5–4 on penalties. 24 May – Rangers are crowned Scottish champions after beating Dundee United 3–0, Celtic drew 0–0 with Heart of Midlothian so Rangers won by 4 points. Airdrie United are relegated to the Second Division and Ayr United are promoted to the First after Ayr won the First Division play-off Final 3–2 on aggregate. 30 May – Rangers won the 2008–09 Scottish Cup beating Falkirk 1–0 in the final thanks to a goal from substitute Nacho Novo just after half-time. Transfer deals Managerial changes League Competitions Scottish Premier League Scottish First Division Scottish Second Division Scottish Third Division Other honours Cup honours Non-league honours Senior Junior West Region East Region North Region Individual honours PFA Scotland awards Celtic midfielder Scott Brown was named Players' Player of the Year after winning the most votes from his fellow players. He was named on the shortlist along with three other Old Firm players, Celtic defender Gary Caldwell and Rangers midfielder's Steven Davis and Pedro Mendes. The Young Player of the Year award was awarded to James McCarthy who was named on the shortlist along with; Heart of Midlothian winger Andrew Driver, Hibernian striker Steven Fletcher and fellow Hamilton Academical midfielder James McArthur. SFWA awards Scottish clubs in Europe Summary Celtic Rangers Motherwell Queen of the South Hibernian Scotland national team Summary Scotland began the season with a friendly against Northern Ireland. Northern Ireland were denied a victory by substitute goalkeeper Allan McGregor who saved a David Healy penalty after he brought down Warren Feeney inside the area. The draw meant that Scotland had yet to win under George Burley after three matches. The 2010 World Cup qualification campaign began against Macedonia. Scotland faced an early free-kick after Macedonia striker Goran Maznov fell theatrically on the edge of the penalty area as he was challenged by stand-in captain Stephen McManus. Craig Gordon was able to tip the resulting shot onto the post, but Ilčo Naumoski followed up to score five minutes into George Burley's first competitive match. Both teams had opportunities and Scotland were denied what appeared to be a clear penalty after James McFadden was brought down but the referee waved away the appeals and booked the striker for his protests. Scotland recovered from their opening defeat with a 2–1 victory away to Iceland in what was Burley's first win as manager. Kirk Broadfoot scored on his debut and James McFadden scored from a penalty, Iceland got back into the match after captain McManus handled in the box and Eiður Guðjohnsen scored from the resulting penalty. Scotland held out for the win despite having to play the last 13 minutes down to ten men. Scotland drew 0–0 at home to Norway despite debutant striker Chris Iwelumo being presented with an open goal opportunity from just three yards, with the ball being crossed by Gary Naysmith from the left to the right side of the goal where Iwelumo is standing, he connects with the ball but somehow manages to put the ball wide of the left post. The draw left Scotland top of Group Nine but with just four points from three games, with the Netherlands having played just one. They next played a friendly against Argentina in Diego Maradona's first match as Argentina manager, Maxi Rodríguez scored the winning goal for the Argentines in a 1–0 win. The Netherlands beat Scotland comfortably with goals from Klaas-Jan Huntelaar, Robin van Persie and Dirk Kuyt, depleted by injuries Burley was forced to field an inexperienced side Ross McCormack making his debut started along with Christophe Berra and Allan McGregor, who were making their first competitive starts. Scotland were denied a chance to get back into the match at 2–0 down when referee Massimo Busacca (who was suspended by his home federation) disallowed a seemingly perfectly good Gary Caldwell goal, minutes later the Netherlands were awarded a penalty from which Kuyt scored. Ross McCormack and Steven Fletcher both scored their first international goals in a 2–1 win over Iceland, McCormack opened the scoring after 39 minutes firing high into the net from an Alan Hutton cross, Indridi Sigurdsson levelled for the visitors after Pálmi Rafn Pálmason hit the post, Scotland though regrouped and after 65 minutes were awarded a debatable corner which McCormack took, the ball was headed into the danger area by McManus and Fletcher headed into the net. Scotland had gained seven points from five matches and occupied second spot in Group nine, three points clear of Iceland, four matches between the other teams and Scotland retained second position having played less matches than all other teams in the group meaning they were in prime position for second place with Holland already guaranteed first, However, only the second placed teams from eight of the nine qualifying groups would go into the play-offs. Results Deaths 17 July – George Niven, 79, Rangers and Partick Thistle goalkeeper. 27 July – Bob Crampsey, 78, broadcaster and writer who contributed to sports programming on BBC Scotland, STV and Radio Clyde. 28 August – Bobby Cummings, 72, Aberdeen player. 31 August – Jamie Dolan, 39, Motherwell, Dundee United, Dunfermline Athletic, Livingston, Forfar Athletic and Partick Thistle player. 4 September – Tommy Johnston, 81, Kilmarnock player. 25 September – Jimmy Sirrel, 86, Celtic player. 2 October – John Sjoberg, 67, Leicester City player. 15 October – Eddie Thompson, 67, Dundee United chairman. 25 October – Ian McColl, 81, Rangers defender; Scotland manager. 27 October – Andy Young, 83, Raith Rovers and Celtic player. 3 November – Brooks Mileson, 60, Gretna owner. 4 November – Paddy Buckley, 83, St Johnstone, Aberdeen and Scotland player. 5 November – Ian Anderson, 54, Dundee and St Johnstone player. 27 November – Gil Heron, 87, first black player to play for Celtic. 6 December – John Cumming, 78, Hearts and Scotland player. 26 December – George Miller, 69, Dunfermline, Hearts and Falkirk player; Hamilton and Dunfermline manager. 28 December – Willie Clark, 90, Hibernian and St Johnstone defender. 6 January – Charlie Thomson, 78, Clyde goalkeeper. 7 January – Alfie Conn, Sr., 82, Hearts and Raith Rovers player; Gala Fairydean and Raith Rovers manager. Part of the Terrible Trio forward line. 2 March – Andy Bowman, 74, Hearts, Hamilton Academical and Hawick Royal Albert player. 28 March – Hughie Kelly, 85, Blackpool and Scotland player. 22 April – Billy Smith, 78, Aberdeen defender. 3 May – Bobby Campbell, 86, Falkirk and Scotland player; Dumbarton manager. 25 May – Billy Baxter, 70, Scottish defender who mostly played for Ipswich Town. 7 June – Willie Kilmarnock, 87, Motherwell and Airdrie player. 7 June – Gordon Lennon, 26, Stenhousemuir, Albion Rovers and Dumbarton player. Notes and references Seasons in Scottish football

20464593

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamelan%20Council

Gamelan Council

The Gamelan Council – Asia-Pacific Public Health, Microfinance, and Development Centre (Gamelan Council) is an international non-governmental, non-profit initiative addressing the public health, microfinance, and international development needs of communities in, on, and around the Pacific Rim. For these purposes, the Gamelan Council views the Asia-Pacific region quite broadly in line with APEC; the jurisdictions covered are claimed to account for approximately 65% of the world's population. The Council's activities, which include conducting research, making investments, and providing education and advice, are centrally coordinated. History The Gamelan Council is an offshoot of the Global Consulting Group (GCG), a non-profit, non-partisan consulting firm created under the aegis of Global Student Response (GSR) and focused on supporting international development efforts which has since been disbanded. As GCG's efforts became more geographically focused on the Asia-Pacific region and thematically focused on public health and microfinance developmental issues, the Gamelan Council formed to focus specifically on these areas. The name of the organization is a combination of the Indonesian word referring to a music ensemble, 'Gamelan', and an English word referring to a Native American, community-fostering ritual, 'Council' (the same term used to refer commonly to a group of individuals providing advice and counsel). These two terms capture the Gamelan Council's goal of harmoniously unifying the arrays of forces and ideas affecting the areas on which the Gamelan Council focuses its efforts. Jurisdictions addressed The Gamelan Council operates predominantly in 73 states and territories on, near, and around the Pacific Rim, including every jurisdiction with a coastline on the Pacific Ocean and several other, significant population centres adjacent to or closely linked to the Pacific Rim (e.g., India, Nepal, and Pakistan). In 2010, the Gamelan Council also commenced pilot projects in both (a) Central Asia (i.e., Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan) and (b) South America (i.e., Paraguay, Uruguay, Guyana, and Suriname) which complement its other activities centered on the Pacific Rim. These jurisdictions are divided into three main geographic groups and are listed below, organized generally by geography (i.e., Americas from north to south; Asia from west to north and then south; and Oceania from west to east): Key activities The Gamelan Council focuses on three main sets of activities addressing public health, microfinance, and international development issues. These include (a) research (e.g., conducting targeted studies of trends in the public health, microfinance, and international development sectors); (b) investment (e.g., raising capital to support successful Asia-Pacific microfinance providers and assisting entrepreneurs developing new technologies addressing public health needs throughout the Asia-Pacific region); and (c) education and advice (e.g., developing seminars, providing consulting services to social entrepreneurs, and coordinating conferences on public health, microfinance, and international development in the Asia-Pacific region). See also Microfinance International Development Epidemiology Non-governmental organization Social entrepreneurship APEC Notes External links Gamelan Council – Asia-Pacific Microfinance, Public Health & Development Centre Organizations established in 2005 International economic organizations International organizations based in Asia International organizations based in Oceania International organizations based in Laos Microfinance organizations International development agencies International finance institutions Public health organizations International medical and health organizations

6899739

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosicles%20%28sculptor%29

Sosicles (sculptor)

Sosicles (Ancient Greek: Σωσικλῆς) was a Roman sculptor in the mid 2nd century AD. He worked as copyist of ancient Greek masterpieces. He is known from his signature shown on a marble plinth from Tusculum and the column of a marble statue of a wounded Amazon (originally in the collection of Alessandro Albani, Inv. D19; now in the Capitoline Museums, Inv. MC 0651). The marble statue is one of the three Amazon statue types. References Künstlerlexikon der Antike II (2004) 411 s.v. Sosikles (R. Vollkommer). Hans von Steuben: Die Amazone des Polyklet, in: Polykletforschungen, ed. by Herbert Beck and Dieter Bol, Berlin 1993, pp. 73-102. External links The Three Amazons William Smith - The Ancient Library AJA Online Hellenistic sculptors

6899740

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kfarfakoud

Kfarfakoud

Kfarfakoud (Kfarfakud or Kafarfakoud كفرفاقود) is a village in the Chouf district of Lebanon that lies between the valleys of the coastal Lebanese chain of mountains. The name Kfarfakoud (as the names of other villages of Lebanon) has its origins in Syriac-aramaic language (kfar: land; fakoud: governor, landowner). Historically it is thought that the village was located in the "Khalwat" part of mount Kfarhammil (كفرحمل) and was destroyed totally by an earthquake in the 6th century AD and was rebuilt in its new place. A well known legend is that of Ajouz Lkhair (عجوز الخير) the only person who survived the disaster. The neighborhood of the village is almost all green; it has an oak forest at the eastern side. Altitude: 450m Population: 2200 Main Families: Amaneddine, Nasr, Kamaldine, Zahreddine Practiced religion: Druze. References External links kfarfakoud.com Kfar Faqoud, Localiban Populated places in Chouf District

6899744

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomoko%20Ninomiya

Tomoko Ninomiya

is a Japanese manga artist, based in Saitama Prefecture, Japan. In 1989, she made her debut with London Doubt Boys. She is best known for her series Nodame Cantabile, which received the 2004 Kodansha Manga Award for shōjo manga. Nodame Cantabile has been adapted for television as both live-action dramas broadcast in 2006, 2008 and 2014 and as of 2016, 3 anime seasons. Selected works (1991–1995), 10 volumes, rereleased in 5 bunkoban volumes (1994–2001), 11 volumes, rereleased in 6 bunkoban volumes (1995–1996), 1 volume (1995), 1 volume (1999), 1 volume (1998–2001), 4 volumes (2001–2009), 24 volumes (2011–2015) (2011–2016) References 1969 births Japanese female comics artists Living people Women manga artists Manga artists from Saitama Prefecture Winner of Kodansha Manga Award (Shōjo) Female comics writers

6899752

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warren%20Bradley

Warren Bradley

Warren Bradley may refer to: Warren Bradley (footballer) (1933–2007), English footballer Warren Bradley (politician), former leader of Liverpool City Council Warren Ives Bradley (1847–1868), American author who wrote as Glance Gaylord

6899761

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Perfect

Peter Perfect

Peter Perfect may refer to: Peter Perfect in the Turbo Terrific, a character in the cartoon Wacky Races Peter Brock, Australian motor racer Peter Gregg (racing driver), U.S. motor racer Peter Ishkhans, judge on the makeover reality series Tease See also Perfect Peter, a character in the Horrid Henry stories & TV series

6899763

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Secret%20in%20the%20Old%20Attic

The Secret in the Old Attic

The Secret in the Old Attic is the twenty-first volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1944 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Mildred Wirt Benson. Plot Summary- 1944 edition Nancy searches for clues to missing music manuscripts written by the late soldier Philip March. March's daughter and his father, living together on the family estate, are rapidly running out of money, and believe some of Philip's music is being sold and played on the radio. Nancy goes to his estate, Pleasant Hedges, to investigate, with the assistance of her good friends, Bess and George. They search the estate, for clues, and also find valuable antiques that they sell for Mr. March so he can get some money in the meantime. Also, her father's client, Mr. Booker, solicits her aid in his investigation of a rival company, the Dight plant, which seems to be manufacturing silk cloth using his patented methods. And what is Bushy Trott, manic scientist, doing at the Dight plant? There is also a subplot in the original text in which Nancy is confused as to why Ned hasn't asked her out to a dance. It turns out that Diane Dight, daughter of the owner of the Dight plant, intercepts his communication asking Nancy out so that she can date Ned and another boy, also involved in the mystery, can date Nancy. At the end, Nancy is imprisoned in a room with a black widow spider, about to give her a deadly bite. But Ned and Effie Schnieder, the maid, rescue her just in time. Nancy and Ned figure out how they were tricked, and make up. Nancy continues trying to solve both mysteries, discovering hidden songs in the process. The resolution of both cases are quite climactic. 1970 revision The revised version, still in print, is a condensed version of the original story, which has 20 chapters instead of 25. The story is largely similar to the original, with Mr. March looking for his son's songs that were composed but never published, so he can sell them for money to raise his granddaughter, Susan. Nancy helps find the missing music and another part introduces that Nancy goes to a factory that she thinks is copying a formula for silk. At the end Nancy, is about to be bitten by a black widow spider but she is saved by Ned Nickerson. The revised text does include Diane Dight, but does not have the romantic subplot of the original edition. Artwork Collectors of the series seem to greatly enjoy the original art by Russell H. Tandy, which depicts Nancy among highly Gothic elements, by candlelight, in the old attic. In 1962, Rudy Nappi gave Nancy a modern flip hairstyle and changed the color to red, and altered her shirtwaist wrap dress to a generic red sailor-style dress for the cover art. In 1970, Nappi updated his art, employing a shadowy apple green color motif and Gothic elements, including the skeletal hand, to showcase Nancy, looking very much like Barbara Eden in a coatfront shift, with a candle. This cover plays heavily on the spooky elements popular during the "Dark Shadows" era. Television A reference to the book is made in the pilot episode of the Nancy Drew television series. Nancy searched through her family's attic to discover a bloody dress inside a trunk. The visual of Nancy opening the trunk to find the dress looks strikingly similar to the cover of the novel. References Nancy Drew books 1944 American novels 1944 children's books 1970 American novels 1970 children's books Grosset & Dunlap books Children's mystery novels

20464628

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bad%20Brains%20discography

Bad Brains discography

This is a comprehensive discography of Bad Brains, a Washington, D.C.-based hardcore punk band that also plays reggae and uses styles of funk and heavy metal into their music. To date, the band has released nine full-length studio albums (including an instrumental dub album), four EPs, four live recordings, one compilation album, one demo album, and more than a dozen singles. Studio albums Live albums Compilation albums Demo albums Extended plays Singles Music videos Other appearances Let Them Eat Jellybeans! (Alternative Tentacles LP, 1981) featured the 45 version of "Pay to Cum" New York Thrash (ROIR cassette, 1982) featured the songs "Regulator" and "Big Takeover" from Bad Brains Rat Music for Rat People (CD Presents, 1982) (Songs "How Low Can a Punk Get?" and "You") Pump Up the Volume Motion Picture Soundtrack (1990) (Song "Kick Out the Jams" with Henry Rollins) H.R. appeared on the song "Without Jah, Nothin'" by P.O.D., track 13 on the 2001 album Satellite. H.R. also appeared on the song "New Sun" on Long Beach Dub All-Stars' debut album Right Back (1999). The band contributed the music of "Re-Ignition" to a remix of Lil Jon's "Real Nigga Roll Call". "I Against I" appeared in the video game Matt Hoffman's Pro BMX 2 as well as EA's Skate. "Soul Craft" was featured in the video game Backyard Wrestling 2. "Banned in D.C." appeared in the video game Tony Hawk's Proving Ground. "Banned in D.C." also appeared in the video game Saints Row. "Right Brigade" appeared in the video game Grand Theft Auto IV. A considerable part of the punk documentary American Hardcore (2006) is devoted to Bad Brains. H.R. and Darryl Jenifer contributed to "Riya" on rapper Ill Bill's album The Hour of Reprisal. "Re-Ignition" is heavily sampled on drum and bass producer Hive's "Ultrasonic Sound." References External links Entry at 45cat.com Punk rock group discographies Reggae discographies Discographies of American artists Discography Heavy metal group discographies

17327466

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czechs%20in%20the%20United%20Kingdom

Czechs in the United Kingdom

Czechs in the United Kingdom refers to the phenomenon of Czech people migrating to the United Kingdom from the Czech Republic or from the political entities that preceded it, such as Czechoslovakia. There are some people in the UK who were either born in the Czech lands or have Czech ancestry, some of whom descended from Jewish refugees (e.g. Kindertransport) who arrived during World War II. Population The 2001 UK Census recorded 12,220 Czech-born people resident in the UK. With the accession of the Czech Republic to the European Union in May 2004, Czechs gained the right to live and work elsewhere in the EU, and large numbers moved to the UK for work, although there has been substantial return migration. The Office for National Statistics estimates that 45,000 Czech-born immigrants were resident in the UK in 2013. The 2011 UK Census recorded 34,615 Czech-born residents in England, 1,256 in Wales, 2,245 in Scotland, and 662 in Northern Ireland. The figure for Scotland includes people who specified that they were born in Czechoslovakia, but the figures for England, Wales and Northern Ireland do not. 1,279 people in England, 39 in Wales and 16 in Northern Ireland are recorded as having been born in Czechoslovakia without specifying the Czech Republic or Slovakia. Notable people with Czech ancestry Milan Baroš, footballer Roman Bednář, footballer Patrik Berger, footballer Georgina Bouzova, actress Alf Dubs, Baron Dubs, politician Petr Čech, footballer Josef Franc, motorcycle speedway rider Vera Fusek, actress Eva Hayman, Holocaust survivor, diarist and nurse Anna Hájková, historian Eva Jiřičná, architect Jan Kaplický, architect Jan Kavan, diplomat and politician Čeněk Kottnauer, chess master Karel Kuttelwascher, fighter pilot Sir Frank William Lampl, Life President of Bovis Lend Lease Miroslav Liskutin, fighter pilot WW2 Herbert Lom, actor Dan Luger, English rugby union player Ivan Margolius, author, architect and propagator of Czech culture and technology Jan Pinkava, animator, film director Hana Maria Pravda, actress Dominic Raab, politician Karel Reisz, film director Tom Stoppard, screenwriter, playwright See also Demographics of the Czech Republic Czech people White Other Czech Republic–United Kingdom relations Czech Americans References External links www.pohyby.co.uk - Czech and Slovak community portal in the UK - more than 24000 members Czech and Slovak Club in London British Czech and Slovak Association Czech Centre London Czech Radio London United Kingdom United Kingdom Immigration to the United Kingdom by country of origin Czech Republic–United Kingdom relations

6899772

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth%20Stonehouse

Ruth Stonehouse

Ruth Stonehouse (September 28, 1892 – May 12, 1941) was an actress and film director during the silent film era. Her stage career started at the age of eight as a dancer in Arizona shows. Early life Ruth Stonehouse was born to James Wesley Stonehouse and Georgia C. Worster on September 28, 1892, in Denver, Colorado. Her father was the founder of Stonehouse Signs Inc. According to the 1900 Census for Laurence Town, Teller County, Colorado, she lived with her father, James, a sign writer, and her grandmother, Eda Stonehouse, along with her sister, Hazel, who was a year younger. By 1910, she was living with her mother, Georgia Stonehouse, a stenographer, and her sister, Hazel, in Chicago, Illinois. Curiously, her mother lists herself as a widow on the 1910 Census, while James Stonehouse can be found residing in Arizona. Film career Stonehouse worked for Triangle Film Corporation and Universal Pictures during a career which extended from 1911 until 1928. A few years prior in 1907, she was a founding member of Essanay Film Manufacturing Company. She also signed on to work on Cyrus J. Williams' productions. Having experience here helped Stonehouse begin her directing career later on as she moved to different stations. Her androgynous appearance was most apparent in the role of Nancy Glenn and in the 1917 motion picture, The Edge of the Law. She performed in comedies and dramas such as the patriotic film Doing Her Bit (1917), which was directed by Jack Conway. In 1917, Stonehouse directed the films Daredevil Dan, A Walloping Time, The Winning Pair, A Limb of Satan, Puppy Love, and Tacky Sue's Romance. These movies were one-reel orphan asylum pictures, the first of which was entitled Mary Ann. Personal life Stonehouse owned a cabin in Santa Anita Canyon in the Sierra Madre Mountains. Here she entertained men and women of prominence in the film world, cooking culinary masterpieces which her friends deemed superior to most chefs. Stonehouse was a fan of the Owen Magnetic Auto and promoted it in newspapers. Stonehouse was an avid gardener who grew fibrous-rooted begonias, pleromas, fuchsias, cinerias, and hyacinths. Her home, located at 204 North Rossmore Avenue in Los Angeles, California, was an adaptation of a Spanish design that was situated well to the front of a large lot. She was an active worker in the Children's Home Society for twenty-five years and also a member of the Garden Club of California. Death Stonehouse died in Hollywood, California of a cerebral hemorrhage on May 12, 1941, at the age of 48. She was listed as Mrs. Felix Hughes in her obituary. Her funeral services were conducted from Wee Kirk o' the Heather. She was interred in a mausoleum at Forest Lawn Memorial Park. Selected filmography Mr. Wise, Investigator (1911) *short When Soul Meets Soul (1913) *short The Spy's Defeat (1913) short with Francis X. Bushman Blood Will Tell (1914) short with Bushman Ashes of Hope (1914, Essanay) short with Bushman The Masked Wrestler (1914) *short No. 28, Diplomat (1914) *short The Slim Princess (1915) with Wallace Beery The Romance of an American Duchess (1915) The Papered Door (1915) *short The Alster Case (1915) The Gilded Cage (1915) The Adventures of Peg o' the Ring (1916) *serial A Phantom Husband (1917) The Edge of the Law (1917) Love Aflame (1917) Follow the Girl (1917) The Saintly Sinner (1917) Fighting for Love (1917) Rosalind at Redgate (1919) *short The Master Mystery (1919) The Masked Rider (1919) The Four-Flusher (1919, Metro Pictures) The Red Viper (1919 Tyrad Pictures) Parlor, Bedroom and Bath (1920 Metro Pictures) The Hope (1920 Metro Pictures) Are All Men Alike? (1920 Metro Pictures) The Land of Jazz (1920 Fox Film Corporation) Cinderella's Twin (1920 Metro Pictures) I Am Guilty (1921 Associated Producers) Don't Call Me Little Girl (1921 Paramount Pictures) The Wolver (1921 Pathe Exchange) (*short) Mother o' Dreams (1921 Pathe Exchange) (*short) Lorraine of the Timberlands (1921 Pathe Exchange) (*short) The Honor of Rameriz (1921 Pathe Exchange) (*short) The Spirit of the Lake (1921 Pathe Exchange) (*short) The Heart of Doreon (1921 Pathe Exchange) (*short) The Flash (1923 Russell Productions) Flames of Passion (1923 Independent Pictures) Lights Out (1923 Film Booking Offices of America; FBO) The Way of the Transgressor (1923 Independent Pictures) A Girl of the Limberlost (1924 Film Booking Office of America; FBO) Broken Barriers (1924 Metro-Goldwyn) Straight Through (1925 Universal Pictures) A Two-Fisted Sheriff (1925 Arrow Film Corp.) Fifth Avenue Models (1925 Universal Pictures) The Fugitive (1925 Arrow Film Corp.) Blood and Steel (1925 Independent Pictures) The Scarlet West (1925 First National) Ermine and Rhinestones (1925 Jans Film Service) False Pride (1925 Astor Pictures) The Wives of the Prophet (1926 Lee-Bradford) Broken Homes (1926 Astor Pictures) The Ladybird (1927 First Division Pictures) Poor Girls (1927 Columbia Pictures) The Satin Woman (1927 Lumas Film Corp.) The Ape (1928 Collwyn Pictures Corp.) The Devil's Cage'' (1928 Chadwick Pictures) References Notes Citations Further reading 1900 United States Federal Census, Precinct 39, Teller, Colorado; Roll T623_130; Page: 7B; Enumeration District: 136. External links Ruth Stonehouse at the Women Film Pioneers Project American film actresses American silent film actresses American women film directors 20th-century American women writers Actresses from Denver 1892 births 1941 deaths Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale) 20th-century American actresses American film directors Women film pioneers

17327479

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VT-27

VT-27

VT-27 is a primary training squadron of the United States Navy. One of just five Navy primary training squadrons, VT-27 is one of two located on the Texas Coastal Bend. History Trainin Squadron 27 was initially established on July 11, 1951 as Advanced Training Unit-B at Naval Air Station, Corpus Christi. The command moved to Naval Air Station, Kingsville in 1952 and again to Naval Air Station, New Iberia, Louisiana in 1960. It was there the squadron was redesignated VT-27 in July of that year and about that time that the Grumman S2F-1T Tracker was put into service as a multi-engine trainer. In September 1962 the 1962 United States Tri-Service aircraft designation system changed the Tracker's designation to TS-2A. In July 1964, the "Boomers" were returned to Naval Air Station, Corpus Christi where they continue to be an important part of the community. In 1973, the squadron began a transition to the role of a primary training squadron with the arrival on 1 August of the first T-28B Trojan. By 1 October 1973, the last Grumman TS-2A Tracker had departed, signifying the end of the advanced training role and the completion of the transition to primary training. In August 1983, the squadron took delivery of the first T-34C Turbo Mentor aircraft. From March 1984, when the last T-28B ever used for naval flight training departed, to June 2013, the T-34C was the mainstay of the Navy and Marine Corps primary flight training program. In June 2013 VT-27 transitioned from T-34C to the T-6B Texan II. The "Boomers" average well over 11,000 training missions a year, and more than 70 sorties per training day. Squadron aircraft S2F-1T / TS-2A Tracker T-28B Trojan T-34C Turbo Mentor T-6B Texan II Squadron bases Naval Air Station Corpus Christi, Texas Naval Air Station Kingsville, Texas Naval Air Station New Iberia, Louisiana Training wing Training Air Wing Four, Corpus Christi, Texas See also History of the United States Navy List of United States Navy aircraft squadrons List of inactive United States Navy aircraft squadrons References VT-27 U.S. Navy website Training squadrons of the United States Navy

17327485

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castle%20of%20Leiria

Castle of Leiria

The Castle of Leiria () is a medieval castle in the civil parish of Leiria, Pousos, Barreira e Cortes, municipality of Leiria, district of Leiria. History The castle of Leiria was built by D. Afonso Henriques for the purpose of creating a line of defense against the Arabs. In 1142 he reinforced the defense of the castle after regaining Leiria. D. Sancho I ordered erection of the walls of the castle in 1195. In 1324 D. Dinis ordered construction of the keep (Tower of Menagem) which was completed only during the reign of D. Afonso IV. In the early 16th century D. Manuel ordered a sacristy to be built between the main chapel and the bell tower. Throughout the centuries the castle gradually lost its military value. It was badly damaged during the French invasion. At the end of the 19th century restoration of the castle started in 1915 by the initiative of Liga dos Amigos do Castelo. The restoration project was directed by Ernesto Korrodi between 1921 and 1933, and then by Baltazar de Vastro. The castle hosted important events as the meetings of the first courts called by D. Afonso III; became the residence of D. Denis and Queen Elizabeth; transformed into a meeting venue for the new court in the reign of D. Ferdinand I and the marriage of D. João I's son D. Afonso was celebrated in this castle as well. It has been listed as a National monument since 1910. The castle was damaged by the 1969 earthquake. Architecture The present configuration of the castle of Leiria was influenced by the 4 major construction periods: the 12th century's Romanesque, the 14th century's Gothic Dionysus, the early 15th century's Gothic Johannine and the restoration trends of late 19th and early 20th century. The shape of the castle is irregular polygonal with solid walls and towers. Paços Reais (Royal Palace), the Church of Nossa Senhora da Pena, Menagem Tower, the former Collegiate space, and medieval barns are located inside the complex. The castle has 4 floors; the lower two floors are hardly seen from outside and are intended for domestic services. There is a large loggia with eight arches of twin capitals. The loggia has the panorama over the city and was used as a place for leisure and socializing. The loggia is accessed through a room called Royal Hall or Noble Hall which has a total area of 130 square meters used for receptions by monarchs. Stonemasonry, brick and concrete were used in the construction. Gallery See also Castles in Portugal Castle of Alcobaça Castle of Alfeizerão References External links Leiria Castle (Municipality of Leiria) Leiria Leiria Buildings and structures in Leiria National monuments in Leiria District

20464629

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Botswana%20general%20election

2009 Botswana general election

General elections were held in Botswana on 16 October 2009, alongside local elections, with early voting in 26 polling stations abroad taking place 3 October. The result was a tenth successive victory for the Botswana Democratic Party, which won 45 of the 57 elected seats in the National Assembly. Electoral system The 57 directly-elected members of the National Assembly were elected in single-member constituencies. A further four members were elected from a list nominated by the President, whilst the President and Attorney General became ex officio members. Campaign The ruling BDP was suffering from internal problems leading up to the election, with President Ian Khama threatening to expel party leader and former cabinet minister Daniel Kwelagobe, who also led the rival Barata-Phathi faction within the BDP. Although Khama and Kwelagobe eventually reconciled, stability within the BDP remained in question. The BDP campaign focused on its record in government, including education, training and economic development. Botswana National Front leader Otsweletse Moupo did not contest the elections after losing the party's primary elections for his Gaborone West North seat. It was speculated that he would stand for election in Gaborone South, but Moupo ultimately declined to run. The BNF campaign centred around creating a strong civil society and improving social welfare and housing. The Botswana Congress Party (BCP) and the Botswana Alliance Movement (BAM) formed an electoral alliance and supported each other's candidates. BCP leader Gilson Saleshando stood for election in Selebi-Phikwe West, a constituency held prior to the election by BDP candidate Kavis Kario. The alliance's campaign included a pledge to stop the economic downturn. The Botswana People's Party (BPP) campaign focused on agricultural development and manufacturing, whilst the MELS Movement of Botswana (MELS) promised to fight the exploitation of the population. A total of 177 candidates contested the elections; 57 from the BDP, 48 from the BNF, 46 from the BCP-BAM alliance (42 from the BCP and 4 from the BAM), 6 from the BPP, 4 from MELS, one from the Botswana Tlhoko Tiro Organisation and 15 independents. Opinion polls Very few scientific opinion polls were taken prior to the election, preventing accurate measures of public sentiment. Conduct Early voting was planned for police and polling officers on 29 September, as they would be unable to vote on election day. However, because of a printing error at the Johannesburg-based printer that was responsible for printing the ballot papers, early voting could not proceed as planned; ballot numbers, which should be unique to counter election fraud, were sometimes repeated on the ballots for local elections. As a result Police officers and polling officers had to vote on 16 October, along with the general public. For officers stationed far away from the place they are registered to vote, this presented serious problems. The BCP threatened legal action against the Independent Electoral Commission. Election turnout was reported to be high with polling station opening times being extending to cope with large queues. Election observers stated that the overall process ran smoothly, although in some instance people had been unable to vote. The Southern African Development Community noted that the elections were "credible, peaceful, free and fair", but raised concerns about the "slow polling process". Results Nehemiah Modubule, MP for Lobatse, won re-election running as an independent, having been elected in 2004 as a BNF candidate. Aftermath The BDP held a victory rally in Gaborone on 18 October, and President Khama was sworn in for his first full term on 20 October. See also List of members of the National Assembly of Botswana 2009–2014 References Botswana 2009 in Botswana Elections in Botswana

20464638

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th%20Light%20Dragoons

19th Light Dragoons

The 19th Light Dragoons was a cavalry regiment of the British Army created in 1781 for service in British India. The regiment served in India until 1806, and in North America during the War of 1812, and was disbanded in Britain in 1821. History Great Britain On 25 April 1779 warrants were issued to raise three regiments of light dragoons, the 19th, 20th and 21st, to address potential French aggression during the American Revolutionary War. The 19th was made up of drafts from the 1st and 2nd Dragoon Guards and the 4th and 10th Dragoons. The 19th did not see overseas service and was disbanded in June 1783. India The regiment was raised by Colonel Sir John Burgoyne (a cousin of General John Burgoyne) as the 23rd Regiment of Light Dragoons on 24 September 1781 for service in India. There had been no European cavalry to that date in India, and successive commanders there had called upon the regular British Army to supply a cavalry unit. The regiment arrived at Fort St. George, Madras in 1782 and became the first British cavalry regiment to serve in India. In 1786, the regiment was renumbered as the 19th Regiment of Light Dragoons. The 19th played a major role in the Anglo-Mysore Wars and Anglo-Maratha Wars. Their first campaign was against Tipu Sultan of Mysore from 1790 to 1792. After defeating Tipu, the 19th were on garrison duty until 1799 when war broke out with Tipu again. This time, the Sultan was killed during the Siege of Seringapatam in May 1799. In 1800, the 19th fought Dhondia Wagh's rebel army and in 1803, led by Major-General Arthur Wellesley (who later became the Duke of Wellington), they participated in the Battle of Assaye in September 1803. In this battle, the outnumbered British troops defeated a Maratha army and the regiment was subsequently awarded the battle honour of "Assaye" and presented with an honorary colour. The 19th Light Dragoons then spent time garrisoning various British outposts. They were stationed at Cheyloor in 1802, at Arcot in 1803, in Bombay in 1804, and at Arcot again from 1805 to 1806. The regiment was summoned to Vellore on the night of 10 July 1806 to rescue the 69th Regiment of Foot who had been the victims of a revolt by Indian sepoys. North America The regiment embarked for England on 20 October 1806, and remained in Britain until the outbreak of the war with the United States in 1812. The 19th were one of three British regular cavalry units that served in North America during the War of 1812, and the only one to serve in Canada. (The 14th Light Dragoons served on campaign in New Orleans but had no horses, The 6th Inniskilling Dragoons served on the East coast of the United States.) The regiment's first three squadrons arrived at Quebec City in May 1813 and were mounted on horses procured in Lower Canada. Two squadrons were sent to Upper Canada where they were involved in the blockade and re-capture of Fort George, and the destruction of Black Rock and Buffalo in New York State. Elements of the two squadrons participated in Colonel Thomas Pearson's delaying action against Brigadier General Winfield Scott's brigade during the American invasion of 1814. They subsequently fought at the Battle of Chippawa in July 1814, the Battle of Lundy's Lane later in the month and the Siege of Fort Erie in August 1814. Another troop pursued American raiders who had struck at Battle of Malcolm's Mills in November 1814. For these actions, the regiment earned the battle honour of "Niagara". The other squadron had been stationed south of Montreal at The Halfway house (Saint Luc area as well as Fort Lennox and The Block houses along the Lacolle border) and participated in the Battle of Plattsburgh in September 1814. In the autumn of 1814, the two squadrons serving on the Niagara rejoined the other squadron. The regiment served south of Montreal until the end of the war. They were sent back to England in August 1816. Disbandment The 19th Light Dragoons were re-equipped as lancers in September 1816 and renamed the 19th Lancers. The regiment remained in Britain until it was disbanded on 10 September 1821 due to reductions in size of the British Army. In 1862, the 19th Hussars were created and given permission to inherit the battle honours of the 19th Light Dragoons. Regimental Colonels Colonels of the regiment were: 23rd Regiment of (Light) Dragoons (1781) 1781–1785: Sir John Burgoyne, Bt. 19th Regiment of (Light) Dragoons (1786) 1786–1814: Gen. Sir William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe, KB 1814–1815: Gen. Sir William Payne, Bt. 19th Regiment of (Light) Dragoons (Lancers) (1816) 1815–?1821: Gen. Sir John Ormsby Vandeleur, GCB 1821: Regiment disbanded Notes References External links 19th Light Dragoons in the War of 1812 Uniforms of the 19th Light Dragoons 19th Light Dragoons at FIBIS 19th Light Dragoons re-enactment group Cavalry regiments of the British Army Light Dragoons Dragoons 19th Light Dragoons officers 1781 establishments in Great Britain 1821 disestablishments in the United Kingdom Military units and formations established in 1781 Military units and formations disestablished in 1821 British military units and formations of the War of 1812

17327501

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists%20of%20habeas%20petitions%20filed%20on%20behalf%20of%20War%20on%20Terror%20detainees

Lists of habeas petitions filed on behalf of War on Terror detainees

The United States has published multiple lists of the habeas corpus petitions filed on behalf of detainees apprehended in the course of its War on Terror. It was the position of the Bush Presidency that none of these detainees were entitled to have writs of habeas corpus considered by the US Justice system. But some jurists differed. And several habeas corpus cases have been considered by the United States Supreme Court, or are scheduled to be considered by the Supreme Court. Habeas petitions for detainees who have been repatriated The Bush Presidency argued that Guantanamo detainees who have been repatriated from Guantanamo should have their cases dismissed as moot. The determination that these detainees were "enemy combatants" remain in effect. See also Guantanamo Bay attorneys Guantanamo military commissions OARDEC References External links United States habeas corpus case law

20464663

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Bowers%20%28bishop%29

John Bowers (bishop)

John Phillips Allcot Bowers (15 May 1854 – 6 January 1926) was Bishop of Thetford in the Church of England in 1903–1926. John Bowers was born in Portsea, Portsmouth, Hampshire and educated at Magdalen School and St John's College, Cambridge. His first post after ordination was as a Curate at Coggeshall. From 1882 to 1903 he was Domestic Chaplain to the Bishop of Gloucester and went on to be Diocesan Missioner and a Residentiary Canon at Gloucester Cathedral (1890–1902). In January 1902, he was appointed Archdeacon of Gloucester before his appointment as Bishop of Thetford and Archdeacon of Lynn in 1903 which refers to Kings Lynn. A prominent Freemason, he died in Norwich. References 1854 births People educated at Magdalen College School, Oxford Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge Archdeacons of Gloucester Bishops of Thetford Archdeacons of Lynn 1926 deaths 20th-century Church of England bishops

20464665

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boltyansky

Boltyansky

Boltyansky, Boltyanski or Boltyanskii (Russian: Болтянский) is a Russian masculine surname; its feminine counterpart is Boltyanskaya. It may refer to Natella Boltyanskaya (born 1965), Russian journalist, singer-songwriter, poet and radio host Vladimir Boltyansky (1925–2019), Russian mathematician Russian-language surnames

20464676

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Tunisian%20general%20election

2009 Tunisian general election

General elections were held in Tunisia on 25 October 2009. Results released on 26 October 2009 indicated a substantial victory for incumbent President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, who won the reelection for a fifth five-year term, and the governing Constitutional Democratic Rally. It was the last election contested under the Ben Ali regime, prior to the Tunisian Revolution. Observers The African Union sent a team of election observers to cover the election. The delegation was led by Benjamin Bounkoulou who described the election as "free and fair". However, a spokesperson from the United States State Department indicated that Tunisia did not allow international monitoring of elections, but the U.S. was still committed to working with the president of Tunisia and its government. There also were reports of mistreatment of an opposition candidate. Results President The Interior Ministry released the official results for the election on Monday 26 October 2009. Voter turnout was recorded at 89.40% with 4,447,388 of Tunisia's 5.3 million registered voters participating. In the presidential race, incumbent president Zine El Abidine Ben Ali won 89.62% of the vote. His nearest rivals were Mohamed Bouchiha with 5.01% of the vote and Ahmed Inoubli with 3.80%, and Ahmed Brahum with 1.57%. Parliament In the Chamber of Deputies election, the Democratic Constitutional Rally, which had governed continuously from Tunisia's independence from France in 1956 until the Tunisian Revolution, won 84.59% of the vote and 161 seats. The Movement of Socialist Democrats won 16 seats with 4.63% of the vote, the Popular Unity Party won 12 seats and 3.39% of votes, The Unionist Democratic Union won 9 seats with 2.56%. The remaining 16 seats were divided between the Social Liberal Party, who won eight seats, the Green Party for Progress, who won six and the Movement Ettajdid who won two seats. References External links Presidential and Legislative Elections in Tunisia - 2009 Media Ben Ali reelected with 89 per cent - Radio France Internationale Unsurprising victory for Ben Ali - Radio France Internationale Final results give President Ben Ali a fifth term - France 24 Ben Ali wins unsurprising landslide in presidential election - France 24 Tunisia Elections in Tunisia 2009 in Tunisia Presidential elections in Tunisia October 2009 events in Africa

17327513

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjellgren%20Kaminsky%20Architecture

Kjellgren Kaminsky Architecture

Kjellgren Kaminsky Architecture is an architecture firm based in Göteborg, Sweden. It works with architecture in its broadest meaning ranging from furniture to city planning, from theory to practice. In 2007, it won the international architect competition for a new dancehall/restaurant in Falsterbo (southern part of Sweden), which was inaugurated in 2009. The project won the Skånes Arkitekturpris. In 2021, Fredrik Kjellgren left the office, which was later run by Joakim Kaminsky under the name Kaminsky Arkitektur. Publications Ecological Architecture, Chris van Uffelen (ed.), Braun, 2009, p. 48-49 Desire, The shape of things to come, R. Klanten, S. Ehmann, A. Kupetz, S. Moreno, A. Mollard (ed.), Gestalten, 2008 Notes and references Carlsson, David Worlds first passive museum David Report, Accessed April 10, 2008 Bright, Christopher Swedish Prefab Dwell, Accessed May 19, 2008 Passive Houses Tropolism, Accessed Mars 05, 2008 Pirate Chair Designerblog, Accessed Mars 24, 2008 Kjellgren Kaminsky设计Passive Houses Interior Design, Accessed April 7, 2008 ArchDaily , September 24, 2011 Arkitektur, November 3, 2011 External links Kjellgren Kaminsky Architecture website Swedish Association of Architects website Hägring, the award winning proposal Architecture firms of Sweden Companies based in Gothenburg

17327553

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diego%20Capusotto

Diego Capusotto

Diego Esteban Capusotto (born 21 September 1961) is an Argentine television presenter, actor, and comedian who is noted for his participation in television shows such as Cha Cha Cha, Todo por dos pesos and Peter Capusotto y sus videos. Biography Capusotto was born on 21 September 1961 in Castelar, Buenos Aires Province, and moved to the Villa Luro neighborhood of Buenos Aires when he was seven, where he lived for three decades. At 25, he began to study acting at the Arlequines Theater. He has starred in several movies. The first, Zapada, una comedia beat (1999), was not released commercially. He followed up with Mataperros (2001), India Pravile (2003), Soy tu aventura (2003), Dos ilusiones (2004) and Regresados (2007), also known as D-Graduated. His most recent film was Pajaros Volando (2010). His television career began in 1992 with De la cabeza, a series in which he worked with actors and comedians such as Alfredo Casero, Fabio Posca, Mex Urtizberea, and Fabio Alberti. After the program was killed off by a falling out between Posca and the other actors, Capusotto teamed up with Casero and Alberti in a new comedy project, Cha Cha Cha, which was broadcast intermittently between 1992 and 1997. Capusotto and Alberti would team up again, in 1998, on the cast of the television series, Delikatessen, starring Horacio Fontova, and again in 1999 when the program Todo por dos pesos (99 Cent Store) made its debut: this program would finally establish Capusotto as an icon of Argentine comedy. For this series, in which he established some of his best and most famous characters such as "Irma Jusid", "El Hombre Bobo", and "Peter Conchas", Capusotto received the Martin Fierro Award for Comedy Performance in 2001. Todo por dos pesos went off the air in 2002. In 2003, Capusotto played a mentally ill person in the series Sol negro, produced by Sebastián Ortega and with performances by Rodrigo de la Serna and Carlos Belloso, among others. On 24 March 2004, Capusotto returned to the theater together with Fabio Alberti to present the comedy show Una noche en Carlos Paz, written by Pedro Saborido and directed by Néstor Montalbano, where they continued the shtick of Todo por dos pesos. The show was followed by Qué noche Bariloche, which premiered in 2006. Up to the age of 17, Capusotto wanted to play football: Capusotto was always involved with music, but he never wanted to make a career of it: Capusotto co-wrote and starred in the comedy plays Una noche en Carlos Paz ("A Night in Carlos Paz") and Qué noche Bariloche ("What a Night, Bariloche!"). In 2006, the television show Peter Capusotto y sus videos (Peter Capusotto and his videos), created and starring Capusotto, debuted on Rock&Pop TV (later airing on Televisión Pública, and currently airing on TBS). The humoristic program (which features rarely seen rock music videos) consists in Capusotto parodying the different facets of the rock-and-roll lifestyle in various sketches, and taking rock personalities and stereotypes for an intertwining critique of several aspects of the Argentine society and culture, with "Luis Almirante Brown (Artaud for millions)", "Pomelo, ídolo de rock" ("Pomelo, rock idol") and "Perón y rock" as some of the highlights. The program has become a cult hit, and video clips from the show are frequently viewed on YouTube. On 17 December 2007, after Peter Capusotto y sus videos was nominated for the Clarín Awards, Capusotto received awards in the Musical Performance and Best Comedy Program categories. On 2 July 2008, at the Martín Fierro Awards he received the award for Best Comedy Performance for Peter Capusotto and his videos. On 2009, he again received a Martín Fierro Award for Best Comedy Performance for Peter Capusotto and his videos. 2012 saw the release of Peter Capusotto y sus 3 Dimensiones ("Peter Capusotto and his Three Dimensions"), a movie based on the television show, which was quite successful at the box office. Personal life Capusotto is married to María Laura, with whom he has two daughters: Elisa, and Eva (named after Eva Perón). He is a fan of the Racing Club soccer team. He currently resides in the Barracas, Buenos Aires. He had two brothers, but both are deceased. Selected filmography Television De la cabeza ("Crazy") Cha cha cha Delikatessen Todo por dos pesos ("99 cent store") Tiempo Final ("Final time") Sol Negro ("Black sun") Peter Capusotto y sus videos ("Peter Capusotto and his videos") Film Tiempo de Descuento (time's running out) [short film] Zapada, una comedia beat (Zapada, a Beat comedy) Mataperros (thug) India Pravile Soy tu aventura (I'm your adventure) Dos ilusiones (two dreams/illusions) Regresados (known as D-Graduated internationally) Pájaros Volando (Birds Flying) Peter Capusotto y sus Tres Dimensiones (Peter Capusotto and his Three Dimensions) Kryptonita 27, El club de los malditos Awards 2013 Tato award as best comical work. 2011 Konex award - Merit Diploma as one of the 5 best TV actor of the decade in Argentina. Nominations 2013 Martín Fierro Awards Best work in humor References External links Official site Youtube channel Diego Capusotto on Cinenacional.com Interview with Diego Capusotto Interview with Diego Capusotto for Sudestada Magazine Article about Diego Capusotto and his comedy Arlequines Theater 2001 interview 1961 births 20th-century Argentine male actors 20th-century comedians 21st-century Argentine male actors 21st-century comedians Argentine male comedians Argentine male film actors Argentine male stage actors Living people People from Morón Partido

17327565

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakestone%20Moor

Bakestone Moor

Bakestone Moor is an area of settlement in Derbyshire, England. It is located on the west side of Whitwell. Geography of Derbyshire Bolsover District

17327582

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Congress%20of%20Maritime%20Museums

International Congress of Maritime Museums

The International Congress of Maritime Museums (ICMM) is the world's only international network of maritime museums, associations, and individuals devoted to maritime heritage, founded in 1972. It has 120+ members of every size across thirty-five countries and six continents. It convenes biennial congresses hosted by different member museums around the world, publishes a monthly newsletter, and offers resources on its website on subjects including maritime archaeology, historic vessels and maritime curatorship. External links Official Website of ICMM Museum associations and consortia Maritime history events History organizations Maritime museums Maritime history organizations Organizations established in 1972

20464688

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiao-Gang%20Wen

Xiao-Gang Wen

Xiao-Gang Wen (; born November 26, 1961) is a Chinese-American physicist. He is a Cecil and Ida Green Professor of Physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Distinguished Visiting Research Chair at the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics. His expertise is in condensed matter theory in strongly correlated electronic systems. In Oct. 2016, he was awarded the Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize. He is the author of a book in advanced quantum many-body theory entitled Quantum Field Theory of Many-body Systems: From the Origin of Sound to an Origin of Light and Electrons (Oxford University Press, 2004). Early life and education Wen attended the University of Science and Technology of China and earned a B.S. in Physics in 1982. In 1982, Wen came to the US for graduate school via the CUSPEA program, which was organized by Prof. T. D. Lee. He attended Princeton University, from which be attained an M.A. in Physics in 1983 and a Ph.D in Physics in 1987. Work Wen studied superstring theory under theoretical physicist Edward Witten at Princeton University where he received his Ph.D. degree in 1987. He later switched his research field to condensed matter physics while working with theoretical physicists Robert Schrieffer, Frank Wilczek, Anthony Zee in Institute for Theoretical Physics, UC Santa Barbara (1987–1989). Wen introduced the notion of topological order (1989) and quantum order (2002), to describe a new class of matter states. This opens up a new research direction in condensed matter physics. He found that states with topological order contain non-trivial boundary excitations and developed chiral Luttinger theory for the boundary states (1990). The boundary states can become ideal conduction channel which may lead to device application of topological phases. He proposed the simplest topological order — Z2 topological order (1990), which turns out to be the topological order in the toric code. He also proposed a special class of topological order: non-Abelian quantum Hall states. They contain emergent particles with non-Abelian statistics which generalizes the well known Bose and Fermi statistics. Non-Abelian particles may allow us to perform fault tolerant quantum computations. With Michael Levin, he found that string-net condensations can give rise to a large class of topological orders (2005). In particular, string-net condensation provides a unified origin of photons, electrons, and other elementary particles (2003). It unifies two fundamental phenomena: gauge interactions and Fermi statistics. He pointed out that topological order is nothing but the pattern of long range entanglements. This led to a notion of symmetry protected topological (SPT) order (short-range entangled states with symmetry) and its description by group cohomology of the symmetry group (2011). The notion of SPT order generalizes the notion of topological insulator to interacting cases. He also proposed the SU(2) gauge theory of high temperature superconductors (1996). Professional record Professor, MIT, 2000–present Isaac Newton Research Chair, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, 2012–2014 Associate professor, MIT, 1995—2000 Assistant professor, MIT, 1991—1995 Five-year member of IAS, 1989—1991 Member of ITP, UC Santa Barbara, 1987—1989 Honors A.P. Sloan Foundation fellow (1992) Overseas Chinese Physics Association outstanding young researcher award (1994) Changjiang professor, Center for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University (2000—2004) Fellow of American Physical Society (2002) Cecil and Ida Green Professor of Physics, MIT (2004—present) Distinguished Moore Scholar, Caltech (2006) Distinguished Research Chair, Perimeter Institute (2009) Isaac Newton Chair, Perimeter Institute (announced Sep 2011) 2017 Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize (announced Oct. 2016) Member of National Academy of Sciences (2018) 2018 Dirac Medal of the ICTP Selected publications See also Topological order String-net Topological entanglement entropy References External links http://dao.mit.edu/~wen http://physics.stackexchange.com/users/9444/xiao-gang-wen 1961 births Living people 21st-century American physicists Chinese emigrants to the United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science faculty Princeton University alumni Theoretical physicists University of Science and Technology of China alumni Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences Physicists from Shaanxi People from Xi'an Educators from Shaanxi Sloan Research Fellows Fellows of the American Physical Society Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize winners

6899779

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah

Asiatic cheetah

The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a critically endangered cheetah subspecies currently only surviving in Iran. It once occurred from the Arabian Peninsula and the Near East to the Caspian region, Transcaucasus, Kyzylkum Desert and northern South Asia, but was extirpated in these regions during the 20th century. The Asiatic cheetah diverged from the cheetah population in Africa between 32,000 and 67,000 years ago. The Asiatic cheetah survives in protected areas in the eastern-central arid region of Iran, where the human population density is very low. Between December 2011 and November 2013, 84 individuals were sighted in 14 different protected areas, and 82 individuals were identified from camera trap photographs. In December 2017, fewer than 50 individuals were thought to be remaining in three subpopulations that are scattered over in Iran's central plateau. As of January 2022, the Iranian Department of Environment estimates that only 12 Asiatic cheetahs, 9 males, and 3 females, are left in Iran. In order to raise international awareness for the conservation of the Asiatic cheetah, an illustration was used on the jerseys of the Iran national football team at the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Taxonomy Felis venatica was proposed by Edward Griffith in 1821 and based on a sketch of a maneless cheetah from India. Griffith's description was published in Le Règne Animal with the help of Griffith's assistant Charles Hamilton Smith in 1827. Acinonyx raddei was proposed by Max Hilzheimer in 1913 for the cheetah population in Central Asia, the Trans-Caspian cheetah. Hilzheimer's type specimen originated in Merv, Turkmenistan. Evolution Results of a five-year phylogeographic study on cheetah subspecies indicate that Asiatic and African cheetah populations separated between 32,000 and 67,000 years ago and are genetically distinct. Samples of 94 cheetahs for extracting mitochondrial DNA were collected in nine countries from wild, seized and captive individuals and from museum specimen. The population in Iran is considered autochthonous monophyletic and the last remaining representative of the Asiatic subspecies. Mitochondrial DNA fragments of an Indian and a Southeast African cheetah museum specimens showed that they genetically diverged about 72,000 years ago. Characteristics The Asiatic cheetah has a buff-to-light fawn-coloured fur that is paler on the sides, on the front of the muzzle, below the eyes and inner legs. Small black spots are arranged in lines on the head and nape, but irregularly scattered on body, legs, paws and tail. The tail tip has black stripes. The coat and mane are shorter than of African cheetah subspecies. The head and body of an adult Asiatic cheetah measure about with a long tail. It weighs about . They exhibit sexual dimorphism; males are slightly larger than the females. The cheetah is the fastest land animal in the world. It was previously thought that the body temperature of a cheetah increases during a hunt due to high metabolic activity. In a short period of time during a chase, a cheetah may produce 60 times more heat than at rest, with much of the heat, produced from glycolysis, stored to possibly raise the body temperature. The claim was supported by data from experiments in which two cheetahs ran on a treadmill for minutes on end but contradicted by studies in natural settings, which indicate that body temperature stays relatively the same during a hunt. A 2013 study suggested stress hyperthermia and a slight increase in body temperature after a hunt. The cheetah's nervousness after a hunt may induce stress hyperthermia, which involves high sympathetic nervous activity and raises the body temperature. After a hunt, the risk of another predator taking its kill is great, and the cheetah is on high alert and stressed. The increased sympathetic activity prepares the cheetah's body to run when another predator approaches. In the 2013 study, even the cheetah that did not chase the prey experienced an increase in body temperature once the prey was caught, showing increased sympathetic activity. Distribution and habitat The cheetah thrives in open lands, small plains, semi-desert areas, and other open habitats where prey is available. The Asiatic cheetah mainly inhabits the desert areas around Dasht-e Kavir in the eastern half of Iran, including parts of the Kerman, Khorasan, Semnan, Yazd, Tehran, and Markazi provinces. Most live in five protected areas, viz Kavir National Park, Touran National Park, Bafq Protected Area, Dar-e Anjir Wildlife Refuge, and Naybandan Wildlife Reserve. During the 1970s, the Asiatic cheetah population in Iran was estimated to number about 200 individuals in 11 protected areas. By the end of the 1990s, the population was estimated at 50 to 100 individuals. During camera-trapping surveys conducted across 18 protected areas between 2001 and 2012, a total of 82 individuals in 15–17 families were recorded and identified. Of these, only six individuals were recorded for more than three years. In this period, 42 cheetahs died due to poaching, in road accidents and due to natural causes. Populations are fragmented and known to survive in the Semnan, North Khorasan, South Khorasan, Yazd, Esfahan, and Kerman Provinces. In summer 2018, a female cheetah and four cubs were sighted in Touran Wildlife Refuge Iran's Semnan province. Former range The Asiatic cheetah once ranged from the Arabian Peninsula and Near East to Iran, the Caucasus, Central Asia, Afghanistan and Pakistan to India. It is considered regionally extinct in all of its former range, with the only known surviving population being Iran. In Iraq, the cheetah was still recorded in the desert west of Basrah in 1926. The last record was published in 1991, and it was a cheetah that had been killed by a car. In the Sinai peninsula, a sighting of two cheetahs was reported in 1946. In the Arabian Peninsula, it used to occur in the northern and southeastern fringes and had been reported in both Saudi Arabia and Kuwait before 1974. Two cheetahs were killed in the northern Saudi Ha'il Region in 1973. In Yemen, the last known cheetah was sighted in Wadi Mitan in 1963, near the international border with Oman. In Oman's Dhofar Mountains, a cheetah was shot near Jibjat in 1977. In Central Asia, uncontrolled hunting of cheetahs and their prey, severe winters and conversion of grassland to areas used for agriculture contributed to the population's decline. By the early 20th century, the range in Central Asia had decreased significantly. By the 1930s, cheetahs were confined to the Ustyurt plateau and Mangyshlak Peninsula in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, and to the foothills of the Kopet Dag mountains and a region in the south of Turkmenistan bordering Iran and Afghanistan. The last known sightings in the area were in 1957 between the Tejen and Murghab Rivers, in July 1983 in the Ustyurt plateau, and in November 1984 in the Kopet Dag. Officers of the Badhyz State Nature Reserve did not sight a cheetah in this area until 2014; the border fence between Iran and Turkmenistan might impede dispersal. The cheetah population in Afghanistan decreased to the extent that it has been considered extinct since the 1950s. Two skins were sighted in markets in the country, one in 1971, and another in 2006, the latter reportedly from Samangan Province. In India, the cheetah occurred in Rajputana, Punjab, Sind, and south of the Ganges from Bengal to the northern part of the Deccan Plateau. It was also present in the Kaimur District, Darrah and other desert regions of Rajasthan and parts of Gujarat and Central India. Akbar the Great was introduced to cheetahs around the mid-16th century and used them for coursing blackbucks, chinkaras and antelopes. He allegedly possessed 1,000 cheetahs during his reign but this figure might be exaggerated since there is no evidence of housing facilities for so many animals, nor of facilities to provide them with sufficient meat every day. Trapping of adult cheetahs, who had already learned hunting skills from wild mothers, for assisting in royal hunts is said to be another major cause of the species' rapid decline in India, as there is only one record of a litter ever born to captive animals. By the beginning of the 20th century, wild Asiatic cheetahs sightings were rare in India, so much so that between 1918 and 1945, Indian princes imported cheetahs from Africa for coursing. Three of India's last cheetahs were shot by the Maharajah of Surguja in 1948. A female was sighted in 1951 in Koriya district, northwestern Chhattisgarh. Ecology and behaviour Most sightings of cheetahs in the Miandasht Wildlife Refuge between January 2003 and March 2006 occurred during the day and near watercourses. These observations suggest that they are most active when their prey is. Camera-trapping data obtained between 2009 and 2011 indicate that some cheetahs travel long distances. A female was recorded in two protected areas that are about apart and intersected by railway and two highways. Her three male siblings and a different adult male were recorded in three reserves, indicating that they have large home ranges. Diet The Asiatic cheetah preys on medium-sized herbivores including chinkara, goitered gazelle, wild sheep, wild goat and cape hare. In Khar Turan National Park, cheetahs use a wide range of habitats, but prefer areas close to water sources. This habitat overlaps to 61% with wild sheep, 36% with onager, and 30% with gazelle. In India, prey was formerly abundant. Before its extinction in the country, the cheetah fed on the blackbuck, the chinkara, and sometimes the chital and the nilgai. Reproduction Evidence of females successfully raising cubs is very rare. A few observations in Iran indicate that they give birth throughout the year to one to four cubs. In April 2003, four cubs found in a den had still closed eyes. In November 2004, a cub was recorded by a camera-trap that was about 6–8 months old. Breeding success depends on availability of prey. In October 2013, a female with four cubs were filmed in Khar Turan National Park. In December 2014, four cheetahs were sighted and photographed by camera traps in the same national park. In January 2015, three other adult Asiatic cheetahs and a female with her cub were sighted in Miandasht Wildlife Refuge. Eleven cheetahs were also sighted at the time, and another four a month later. In July 2015, five adult cheetahs and three cubs were spotted in Khar Turan National Park. Threats The Asiatic cheetah has been listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List since 1996. Following the Iranian Revolution of 1979, wildlife conservation was interrupted for several years. Manoeuvres with armed vehicles were carried in steppes, and local people hunted cheetahs and prey species unchecked. The gazelle population declined in many areas, and cheetahs retreated to remote mountainous habitats. Reduced gazelle numbers, persecution, land-use change, habitat degradation and fragmentation, and desertification contributed to the decline of the cheetah population. The cheetah is affected by loss of prey as a result of antelope hunting and overgrazing from introduced livestock. Its prey was pushed out as herders entered game reserves with their herds. A herder pursued a female cheetah with two cubs on his motorbike, until one of the cubs was so exhausted that it collapsed. He caught and kept it chained in his home for two weeks, until it was rescued by officers of the Iranian Department of Environment. Mining development and road construction near reserves also threaten the population. Coal, copper, and iron have been mined in cheetah habitat in three different regions in central and eastern Iran. It is estimated that the two regions for coal (Nayband) and iron (Bafq) have the largest cheetah population outside protected areas. Mining itself is not a direct threat to the population; road construction and the resulting traffic have made the cheetah accessible to humans, including poachers. The Iranian border regions to Afghanistan and Pakistan, viz the Baluchistan Province, are major passages for armed outlaws and opium smugglers who are active in the central and western regions of Iran, and pass through cheetah habitat. Uncontrolled hunting throughout the desert cannot be effectively controlled by the governments of the three countries. Conflict between livestock herders and cheetahs is also threatening the population outside protected areas. Several herders killed cheetahs to prevent livestock loss, or for trophies, trade and fun. Some herders are accompanied by large mastiff-type dogs into protected areas. These dogs killed five cheetahs between 2013 and 2016. Between 2007 and 2011, six cheetahs, 13 predators and 12 Persian gazelles died in Yazd Province following collisions with vehicles on a transit road. At least 11 Asiatic cheetahs were killed in road accidents between 2001 and 2014. The road network in Iran constitutes a very high risk for the small population as it impedes connectivity between population units. Efforts to stop the construction of a road through the core of the Bafq Protected Area were unsuccessful. Between 1987 and 2018, 56 cheetahs died in Iran because of humans; 26 were killed by herders or their dogs. Conservation efforts In September 2001, the project "Conservation of the Asiatic Cheetah and its Associated Biota" was launched by the Iranian Department of Environment in cooperation with the United Nations Development Programme's Global Environment Facility, the Wildlife Conservation Society, the IUCN Cat Specialist Group, the Cheetah Conservation Fund and the Iranian Cheetah Society. Personnel of Wildlife Conservation Society and the Iranian Department of Environment started radio-collaring Asiatic cheetahs in February 2007. The cats' movements are monitored using GPS collars. International sanctions have made some projects, such as obtaining camera traps, difficult. A few orphaned cubs have been raised in captivity, such as Marita who died at the age of nine years in 2003. Beginning in 2006, the day of his death, 31 August, became the Cheetah Conservation Day, used to inform the public about conservation programs. In 2014, the Iranian national football team announced that their 2014 FIFA World Cup and 2015 AFC Asian Cup kits are imprinted with pictures of the Asiatic cheetah in order to bring attention to conservation efforts. In February 2015, Iran launched a search engine, Yooz, that features a cheetah as logo. In May 2015, the Iranian Department of Environment announced plans to quintuple the penalty for poaching a cheetah to 100 million tomans (around US$2800 as of February 2022). In September 2015, Meraj Airlines introduced the new livery of Iranian Cheetah to support its conservation efforts. Iranian officials have discussed constructing wildlife crossings to reduce the number of deaths in traffic accidents. In 2014, an Asiatic cheetah was cloned for the first time by scientists from the University of Buenos Aires. The embryo was not born. In captivity In February 2010, photos of an Asiatic cheetah in a "Semi-Captive Breeding and Research Center of Iranian Cheetah" in Iran's Semnan province were published. Another news report stated that the centre is home to about ten Asiatic cheetahs in a semi-wild environment protected by wire fencing all around. In January 2008, a male cub aged about 7–8 months was recovered from a sheep herder and brought into captivity. Wildlife officials in Miandasht Wildlife Refuge and the Turan National Park have raised a few orphaned cubs. In December 2015, it was reported that 18 Asiatic cheetah cubs had recently been born at Pardisan Park. In 2022 an Asiatic cheetah has given birth to three male cubs in a facility in Iran. This is the first known reproduction of the subspecies in captivity. Re-introduction proposals The Asiatic cheetah whose long history on the Indian subcontinent gave the Sanskrit-derived vernacular name "cheetah" to the species Acinonyx jubatus, also had a gradual history of habitat loss there. In Punjab, before the thorn forests were cleared and extensively utilized for agriculture and human settlement, they were intermixed with open grasslands grazed by large herds of blackbuck; these coexisted with their main natural predator the Asiatic cheetah. The blackbuck, no longer extant in Punjab, is severely endangered in India. Later, more habitat loss, prey depletion, and trophy hunting were to lead to the extinction of the Asiatic cheetah in India by the early 1950s. The debate over whether cheetah reintroduction is compatible with the stated aims of wildlife conservation, started soon after extinction was confirmed. In 1955, the former State Wildlife Board of Andhra Pradesh proposed the reintroduction of the Asiatic cheetah in two districts of the state, on an experimental basis. In 1965, the pros and cons of reintroduction were critically discussed by M. Krishnan in a newspaper article. In 1984, Divyabhanusinh was asked to write a paper on the prospect of cheetah reintroduction in India for the Ministry of Environment and Forests. This paper was subsequently sent to the Cat Specialist Group of Species Survival Commission of the IUCN, where it sparked international interest. In the 1970s, India's Department of Environment formally wrote to the Iranian government to request Asiatic cheetahs in use for reintroduction and apparently received a positive response. The talks were stalled after the Shah of Iran was deposed in the Iranian Revolution, and the negotiations never progressed. In August 2009, Jairam Ramesh, the then-Minister of Environment, rekindled the talks with Iran for sharing a few of their animals. Iran had always been hesitant to commit to the idea, given the very low numbers present in the country. It is said that Iran wanted an Asiatic lion in exchange for a cheetah, and that India was not willing to export any of its lions. The plan to source cheetahs from Iran was eventually dropped in 2010. Proposals for the introduction of African cheetahs were made by the Indian government in 2009, but disallowed by India's supreme court. The court reversed its decision in early 2020, allowing the import of a small number on an experimental basis for testing long-term adaptation. On 17 September 2022, five female and three male Southeast African cheetahs between ages four and six, a gift of the government of Namibia, were released in a small quarantined enclosure within the Kuno National Park in the state of Madhya Pradesh. The cheetahs, all fitted with radio collars, will remain in the quarantined enclosure for a month, whereupon initially the males and later the females will be released into the park. The scientific reaction to the translocation has been mixed. Adrian Tordiffe, a wildlife veterinary pharmacologist at the University of Pretoria who is an enthusiast considers India to provide "protected space" for the fragmented and threatened population of the world's cheetahs. K. Ullas Karanth, one of India's foremost tiger experts has been critical of the effort, considering it to be a "PR exercise," which given India's realities involves "high mortalities," and requires a continual import of African cheetahs. See also Wildlife of Iran Northeast African cheetah Northwest African cheetah Southeast African cheetah East African cheetah American cheetahs (Miracinonyx) Cheetah Conservation Fund References External links The Persian Cheetah Spotted big cat in Turkmenistan Asiatic cheetah embryos cloned at Royan Institute Asiatic cheetah Felids of Asia Fauna of South Asia Fauna of Western Asia Fauna of Iran Critically endangered fauna of Asia Species endangered by habitat loss Species endangered by habitat fragmentation Asiatic cheetah Asiatic cheetah

20464725

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W.%20Adams

W. Adams

W Adams was the first manager of Shrewsbury Town F.C. He managed the club for seven years, between 1 May 1905 and 31 May 1912, during which period the club moved from Copthorne barracks ground to the Gay Meadow site. He was also manager during the then-record attendance for a Shrewsbury Town match of 5,000 against Wellington Town. External links W Adams at League Managers Association Shrewsbury Town F.C. managers 20th-century deaths 19th-century births English football managers

6899782

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Clue%20in%20the%20Crumbling%20Wall

The Clue in the Crumbling Wall

The Clue in the Crumbling Wall is the twenty-second volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1945 under Carolyn Keene, a pseudonym of the ghostwriter Mildred Wirt Benson. Plot Nancy and her friends work to find an inheritance concealed in the walls of an old mansion before it can be discovered and stolen by an unscrupulous and crude man. Covers The original art, by R. H. Tandy shows Nancy (in a shirtwaist dress), Bess and George removing a box that they have found while hiding from two men were "hacking" away at the stone walls of a garden walkway. Bess is depicted with very dark blonde-light brown hair, and all three girls are in feminine clothing, contrary to what the text of the book describes (riding pants/slacks and casual blouses with sturdy boots/shoes). Nancy is depicted in the same dress in the frontispiece. The cover was updated with revised art in 1962 to show the same scene, with all three girls again in dresses or skirts, and Nancy's hair changed to Titian red. In this cover, the men are on the other side of the wall. The frontispiece was not updated in this edition. The story was revised for a 1973 edition with new art showing a montage of Heath Castle, the male vandals, and a perplexed and puzzled Nancy. The art work of the 1973 edition included a frontispiece and the internal illustrations that were described as crude and lacking in detail, according to adult critics and collectors. Nancy Drew books 1945 American novels 1945 children's books Grosset & Dunlap books Children's mystery novels

20464727

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTV%20Classic%20%28Italian%20TV%20channel%29

MTV Classic (Italian TV channel)

MTV Classic was an Italian pay television channel that centred its programming schedule to former music video hits from the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s. The channel was based on the Videomusic library. It was launched on 2007 as MTV Gold, and was rebranded as MTV Classic on 10 January 2011. It was closed down on 31 July 2015, along with MTV Hits. External links MTV.it 2007 establishments in Italy 2015 disestablishments in Italy MTV channels Defunct television channels in Italy Italian-language television stations Music organisations based in Italy Music television channels Telecom Italia Media Television channels and stations established in 2007 Television channels and stations disestablished in 2015

6899785

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trevor%20Philips

Trevor Philips

Trevor Philips is a fictional character and one of the three playable protagonists, alongside Michael De Santa and Franklin Clinton, of Grand Theft Auto V, the seventh main title in the Grand Theft Auto series developed by Rockstar Games. He also appears in the game's multiplayer component, Grand Theft Auto Online. A career criminal and former bank robber, Trevor leads his own organisation, Trevor Philips Enterprises, and comes into conflict with various rival gangs and criminal syndicates as he attempts to secure control of the drugs and weapons trade in the fictional Blaine County, San Andreas. He is played by actor Steven Ogg, who provided the voice and motion capture for the character. Rockstar based Trevor's appearance on Ogg's physical appearance, while his personality was inspired by Charles Bronson. Grand Theft Auto V co-writer Dan Houser described Trevor as purely driven by desire and resentment. To make players care for the character, the designers gave the character more emotions. Trevor is shown to care about people very close to him, despite his antisocial behavior and psychotic derangement. Trevor is considered one of the most controversial characters in video game history. The general attention given to Trevor by critics was mostly very positive, although some reviewers felt that his violent personality and actions negatively affected the game's narrative. His design and personality have drawn comparisons to other influential video game and film characters. Many reviewers have called Trevor a likeable and believable character, and felt that he is one of the few protagonists in the Grand Theft Auto series that would willingly execute popular player actions, such as murder and violence. Character design Grand Theft Auto V co-writer Dan Houser explained that Trevor "appeared to pretty much out of nowhere as the embodiment of another side of criminality [...] If Michael was meant to be the idea of some version of criminal control [...] what about the guy who didn't do that?" He later described Trevor as "the person who's driven purely by desire, resentment, no thought for tomorrow whatsoever, completely id rather than ego-driven." He stated that Trevor "kills without remorse, like a true psychopath, but very sentimental for the right reasons when it suits him." Rockstar drew upon game protagonist archetypes while scripting the characters; Trevor was considered to embody insanity. Houser said the team characterised Michael and Trevor as juxtapositions of each other. He said, "Michael is like the criminal who wants to compartmentalise and be a good guy some of the time and Trevor is the maniac who isn't a hypocrite". He said that having three lead characters would help move the game's plot into more original territory than its predecessors, which traditionally followed a single protagonist rising through the ranks of a criminal underworld. Steven Ogg was cast as Trevor. During the initial audition process, Ogg noticed an on-set chemistry between him and Ned Luke (who portrayed Michael), which he felt helped secure them the roles. Ogg said, "When [Luke] and I went in the room together we immediately had something". While the actors knew their auditions were for Rockstar Games, it was when they signed contracts that they learned they would be involved in a Grand Theft Auto title. Ogg felt Trevor's characterisation developed over time. He said, "Nuances and character traits that began to appearhis walk, his manner of speech, his reactions, definitely informed his development throughout the game". Ogg cites Tom Hardy's portrayal of English criminal Charles Bronson in the 2008 biopic Bronson as a strong stylistic influence. He opined that while Trevor embodies the violent, psychopathic Grand Theft Auto anti-hero archetype, he wanted to evoke player sympathy to Trevor's story. "To elicit other emotions was tough, and it was the biggest challenge and it's something that meant a lot to me", Ogg explained. The actors began working on the game in 2010. Their performances were mostly recorded using motion capture technology. Dialogue for scenes with characters seated in vehicles was recorded in studios. Because the actors had their dialogue and movements recorded on-set, they considered their performances were no different from those of film or television roles. Their dialogue was scripted so that it did not allow the actors to ad-lib; however they sometimes made small changes to the performance with approval from the directors. Appearances Grand Theft Auto V Trevor was born in Canada, just north of the border of the United States. He grew up with a physically abusive father and an emotionally abusive mother. Trevor loved planes, and at some point entered the military as a pilot, but was quickly forced to leave after being reproved in a psychological evaluation. Later on, Trevor committed crimes, the first one being a small robbery that landed him in jail for six months. Due to good behavior, he was out in four. He would continue his criminal ways, including using his piloting skills to become a smuggler. Trevor met Michael Townley in 1993 and they realised that they wanted to earn money by performing large heists, so they joined forces and became successful in doing so over the following years. Their partnership began to strain after Michael married a stripper named Amanda and started a family with her. Despite this, Trevor grew close to Michael's children, who came to see him as their uncle. In 2004, during a heist in Ludendorff, North Yankton, Michael and mutual accomplice Brad Snider are shot by police while Trevor escapes. While on the run, Trevor is led to believe that Michael died and Brad was sent to jail. Trevor eventually settles in Sandy Shores, a small town in Blaine County, San Andreas, where he establishes a small criminal enterprise that smuggles weapons and manufactures methamphetamine, which he hopes will grow into a large empire. Due to raging abandonment issues, Trevor surrounds himself with two loyal friends that he kidnapped and brainwashed from their previous lives named "Nervous" Ron Jakowski and Wade Hebert. Trevor enters an uneasy truce with his competitors in Sandy Shores, including the Lost Motorcycle Club led by Johnny Klebitz, the Varrios Los Aztecas gang, and the O'Neil Brothers. In 2013, Trevor finds out that Michael faked his death, and is so spooked and enraged that he breaks the truce and kills most of his competition in one outburst of violence, a deadly streak that continues when a potential game-changing deal with a group of triads falls through. He later drives to Los Santos, taking over the apartment and ruining the life of Wade's cousin Floyd, and reunites with Michael, who took on the surname "De Santa" and is supposedly living in witness protection. Though Michael is reluctant to have Trevor back in his life again, he eventually introduces him to Franklin Clinton, after which the two perform heists again, this time including Franklin. Trevor is determined to rob anything guarded by Merryweather Security Consulting, a private security firm that he dislikes, but he often fails. When corrupt Federal Investigation Bureau (FIB) agents Dave Norton and Steve Haines contact Michael after he breaks his agreement with them by committing heists again, they force him to carry out a number of operations alongside Trevor and Franklin to undermine the rival International Affairs Agency (IAA). Steve later introduces the trio to Devin Weston, a billionaire investor who hires them to steal a number of rare cars, but ultimately cheats them out of their money. During this time, Trevor begins to bond with Franklin, as they carry out several jobs together without Michael, some of which involve Franklin's friend Lamar Davis, whom Trevor also befriends. Later, after not getting paid for a job, Trevor kidnaps Patricia, the wife of drug kingpin Martin Madrazo. Due to her kind maternal nature and his own abandonment issues, Trevor falls in love with her and only returns her after much demanding from Michael. However, the two stay in contact until the end of the game. Trevor eventually discovers that the Ludendorff heist from nine years prior was a set up planned by Michael and Dave, meant to allow the former to retire and escape from Trevor, and that Brad was not arrested, but rather killed and buried in Michael's fake grave. Feeling betrayed, Trevor vows to kill Michael, but later comes to his and Dave's aid when they are betrayed by Steve, because he needs Michael alive for one last heist. When that heist is successful, Trevor is so pleased that he lifts the death vow but still hates Michael. Near the end of the game, Franklin is approached separately by Dave and Steve, who contend that Trevor is a liability, and by Devin, who seeks revenge against Michael for an earlier incident. This leaves Franklin with three choices: kill Trevor, kill Michael, or try to save them both in a suicide mission. If the first option is chosen, Franklin meets up with Trevor, before chasing him to an oil plant, where Michael arrives and causes Trevor to crash into an oil tank. With Trevor covered in oil, either Franklin or Michael shoot the oil, setting Trevor alight and killing him. After the mission, Trevor's cut of the final heist is equally split between Michael and Franklin, who are both affected by Trevor's death and decide to end their partnership, but remain friends. Ron, Lamar, and Michael's son Jimmy are also upset by Trevor's death: the former threatens Michael for his involvement and tells him that the business he and Trevor had built is over; Lamar asks Franklin if he knows how it happened, and the latter lies that Trevor was killed by government agents; and Jimmy is shocked to learn that Michael was involved, but the latter assures him that Trevor was dangerous. If the second option is chosen, Franklin calls Trevor to help him kill Michael, but he refuses and cuts his ties with Franklin, saying he is tired of being surrounded by traitors. If Franklin meets with Trevor afterward, the latter accuses him of killing Michael, and warns him to stay away. Trevor is also called by Jimmy, but does not know what to say to comfort him because he was never close to his own father. If the third option is chosen, Trevor and Michael put their differences aside to help Franklin survive an onslaught by the FIB and Merryweather, before splitting up to eliminate their remaining enemies; Trevor assassinates Steve and kidnaps Devin so that the trio may kill him together. Afterward, Trevor reconciles with Michael and they agree to stop working together, but remain allies. Trevor can continue to hang out with Michael and Franklin, during which he eventually admits that he over-reacted after learning the truth about Brad, and refers to himself and Michael as friends. Grand Theft Auto Online Trevor is a main character in Grand Theft Auto Online, the online multiplayer mode of Grand Theft Auto V, set several months before the single-player story. He provides missions to the player after they reach Rank 13 and steal Trevor's rolling meth lab during a job. When the player arrives at his trailer, Trevor demands compensation for the stolen meth lab and has them complete several jobs, which generally consist of stealing drugs from rivals, mainly the Lost MC, and killing the dealers. Trevor later plays a major role in the 2015 Heists update, where he masterminds one of the heists featured in the update. This "heist" consists of the theft of drugs from various gangs, including the Lost, the O'Neil Brothers, the Los Santos Vagos, and the Ballas, which Trevor plans to sell for a large profit. After all drug shipments are collected, Trevor and the players deliver them to the deal's location, whereupon Trevor gives the players their cut in advance and they leave. When the buyer arrives, Trevor quickly realizes that the deal is a sting operation, at which point he is ambushed by the Drug Observation Agency (DOA), but manages to escape, albeit without the drugs. Although Trevor makes no further appearances in the game, he is mentioned by Ron in the 2017 update Smuggler's Run, which is set in 2017, a few years after the single-player story. Ron, after being abandoned by Trevor, contacts the player to start their own smuggling operation, and when they meet, the former briefly talks about Trevor, saying he has "gone Vinewood" and has become a guru and lifestyle coach; this confirms Trevor is still alive after the events of Grand Theft Auto V. Furthermore, the 2019 update, The Diamond Casino & Resort, includes a mention of the events of "The Third Way," implying that both Trevor and Michael canonically survive the events of the single-player story. Cultural impact Reception Trevor's character was met with generally positive feedback following the release of Grand Theft Auto V. Edge singled out Trevor as the stand-out of the three protagonists, which they owed to his volatile personality. Like Edge, Caroline Petit of GameSpot considered Trevor "a truly horrible, terrifying, psychotic human being—and a terrific character." Eurogamers Tom Bramwell, however, felt that Trevor undermined the other characters because he was a "shallow and unconvincing" sensationalised anti-hero, and that "his antics derail[ed] the narrative" and overshadowed the character development of Michael and Franklin. Xav de Matos of Joystiq found all three characters unlikable to the extent that they had an alienating effect on the story, noting that "though each character has a valid motivation for his journey, it's difficult to want them to succeed." He also felt that the ambivalence between Trevor and Michael was a tired device by the conclusion of the story as it became a "seemingly endless cycle" of conflict between them. Lucas Sullivan of GamesRadar praised Trevor for being the first character in the series that "makes sense". He stated that, upon their first playthrough of a Grand Theft Auto game, most players "carjacked some poor schlub, then started doing 90mph on the sidewalk, mowing over civilians", as opposed to playing peacefully. "Trevor's existence isn't a commentary on any group of people–he's just the first logical fit to the way people have been playing GTA games for the past decade," he said. Sullivan concluded that Trevor is one of the few protagonists in Grand Theft Auto that would willingly execute popular player actions, such as murder and violence. Andy Corrigan of IGN compared Trevor to Heath Ledger's Joker in the 2008 film The Dark Knight. Corrigan felt that Trevor is the only character in Grand Theft Auto V not trying to fake his persona, stating "Trevor absolutely knows that he's a monster but just doesn't care. He enjoys causing misery and harm, lives for it and embraces it and – much like Heath Ledger's Joker – he exists purely for unadulterated anarchy." He also felt that Trevor's only reasoning for hurting people and messing everything up around him is simply because it's just too much fun not to. Corrigan concluded saying that it's clear that the world through the eyes of Trevor is already royally broken and he sees no harm in messing it up some more, hence the reason for Trevor's actions. Trevor was named Best Character for the Official Xbox Magazine Game of the Year Awards 2013. The character was nominated for Character of the Year at VGX, Best New Character from Hardcore Gamer, and Best Character from Destructoid. Steven Ogg was also nominated for his work as Trevor from VGX, The Telegraph, and the 10th British Academy Video Games Awards. Controversies The mission "By the Book" from Grand Theft Auto V was criticised for its depiction of torture. In the mission, Trevor interrogates Ferdinand "Mr. K" Kerimov for information about a suspected Azerbaijani fugitive who poses a threat to the FIB (the game's version of the FBI). Trevor uses torture equipment on the restrained man, which players select from a table. Once Mr. K provides the FIB with the information, Trevor is asked to kill him, but instead drives him to the airport, providing him an opportunity to escape. While driving Kerimov, Trevor monologues about the ineffectiveness of torture, pointing out Kerimov's readiness to supply the FIB with the information without being tortured, and expressing that torture is used as a power play "to assert ourselves". Reviewers echoed that while the mission served as political commentary on the use of torture by the United States government, its use of torture was in poor taste. GameSpots Petit felt that placing the torture scene in context with the monologue created a hypocrisy in the mission's function as a commentary device, and IGNs Keza MacDonald felt it "pushed the boundaries of taste". In an editorial, Bramwell discussed whether the political commentary was overshadowed by the violent content, comparing the mission to Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2s "No Russian" controversy. He considered the sequence lacking enough context to justify its violence and summarised its function as "flawed". Labour MP Keith Vaz expressed concern that underage players could be exposed to the mission. Keith Best of Freedom from Torture said the torturer role-play "crossed a line". Tom Chick defended the torture sequence, and wrote that unlike the "No Russian" mission or the 2012 film Zero Dark Thirty, the underlying political commentary on torture in "By the Book" necessitated the violent content. References Missions Fictional alcohol abusers Fictional assassins in video games Fictional aviators Fictional bank robbers Fictional pansexuals Fictional businesspeople in video games Fictional Canadian people Fictional cannabis users Fictional cannibals Fictional career criminals Fictional characters from California Fictional characters with psychiatric disorders Fictional crime bosses Fictional criminals in video games Fictional drug dealers Fictional gangsters Fictional immigrants to the United States Fictional kidnappers Fictional mass murderers Fictional methamphetamine users Fictional military personnel in video games Fictional outlaws Fictional professional thieves Fictional rampage and spree killers Fictional Royal Canadian Air Force personnel Fictional soldiers in video games Fictional torturers and interrogators Fictional torturers Grand Theft Auto characters Grand Theft Auto V LGBT characters in video games Male characters in video games Video game characters introduced in 2013 Video game mascots Video game protagonists

20464734

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colin%20Lynch

Colin Lynch

Colin Lynch (born 1973 in Lissycasey, County Clare) is an Irish sportsperson. He plays hurling and Gaelic football with his local clubs Kilmaley and Lissycasey, and was a member of the Clare senior inter-county hurling team from 1997 until 2008. Playing career Club Colin played for Éire Óg ever before he played for Kilmaley. Lynch plays his club hurling with his local club Kilmaley and has enjoyed much success. In 1998 Lynch lined out in his first county senior championship final. The famous St. Joseph's Doora-Barefield club provided the opposition, however, Kilmayley still came up short and Lynch ended up on the defeated side. The following year Kilmaley were back in the junior hurling decider. Clonlara were the opponents on that occasion, however, for the second time Lynch's side faced defeat. 2004 saw Kilmaley finally break the barrier at senior level when they lined out against St. Joseph's in the senior championship decider. Lynch's side triumphed that day to collect their first senior county title since 1985. Lynch also played Gaelic football with his local club Lissycasey and enjoyed much success. He won a county intermediate championship winners' medal in 1994, however, success at senior level was slow in coming. After defeat in senior county finals in 1998 and 2006, Lynch won a county senior championship winners' medal in 2007, following a five-point victory over Éire Óg. Inter-county Lynch first came to prominence on the inter-county scene as a member of the Clare senior team in 1994. He was included on the senior panel that year, however, it would be another few years before he secured a definite place on the starting fifteen. Lynch made his debut in a Munster Championship quarter-final against Kerry in 1997. Clare had an easy win that day. A subsequent victory over Cork gave Lynch the chance to line out in his first Munster final. Tipperary were the opponents on that occasion and an exciting game was expected. Both sets of players did not disappoint. Clare led by five points at half-time, however, Tipp fought back in the second-half. In one of the best games of the decade Clare defeated Tipperary by 1–18 to 0–18. It was Lynch's first Munster winners' medal and Clare's first ever victory over Tipperary in the provincial decider. Clare were now hot favourites to reclaim the All-Ireland title. They showed their class against Kilkenny in the subsequent All-Ireland semi-final, thus booking their place in the All-Ireland final. The introduction of the so-called 'back-door system' saw Tipperary provide the opposition in that game. For the second time that year both sides served up a classic. Clare had the upper-hand for much of the game, however, Tipp remained close behind. Liam Cahill and Eugene O'Neill scored two goals for Tipp in the last ten minutes to set up an exciting finish. A draw looked likely, however, a classic late point from Jamesie O'Connor secured a narrow 0–20 to 2–13 victory for Clare. It was Lynch's first All-Ireland winners' medal. In winning the 1997 All-Ireland title Clare beat Cork, Kilkenny and Tipperary (twice) – the so-called big three of hurling. In doing so they became only the second team ever, along with Waterford in 1959, to achieve this. In 1998 Clare were the hot favourites to retain their All-Ireland title. All was going to plan, however, Lynch's side drew with Waterford in the Munster final. The replay was one of the most controversial games of hurling ever played. Before the sliotar was had even been thrown in, Lynch was pulling recklessly across Peter Queally and Tony Browne. A melee ensued two minutes into the game and Lynch punched Browne. Brian Lohan and Michael White were red-carded for also fighting, however, Lynch escaped being sent to the line. The rest of the game was played in an extremely bad spirit and Clare emerged the victors by 2–16 to 0–10. It was Lynch's second Munster winners' medal, however, the game was subject to much media discussion over the following week. The Munster Council later suspended Lynch for three months. He was a huge loss for the subsequent three-game All-Ireland semi-final saga with Offaly, a marathon run of games which Clare eventually lost, thus surrendering an All-Ireland title which they had been hot favourites to retain. The following few seasons proved difficult for Lynch and for Clare. In spite of the team going into decline, Clare still qualified for the Munster final again in 1999. By now the 'hurling revolution' of the 1990s was drawing to a close as the 'old order' returned. Cork provided the opposition on that occasion, however, Clare were still the favourites going into the game. An exciting contest unfolded with Cork's Joe Deane scoring a key goal after an excellent pass from Seánie McGrath. A score line of 1–15 to 0–14 gave Cork the victory and saw Clare surrender their provincial title for the first time since 1996. Lynch's side, however, still had a chance to reclaim the All-Ireland title via the 'back-door'. A defeat of Galway in a replay set up an All-Ireland semi-final meeting with Kilkenny. Clare were now on a downward spiral as Kilkenny secured a 2–14 to 1–13 victory thanks to D.J. Carey. The next few seasons saw Clare exit the provincial championship at an early stage, while manager Ger Loughnane also departed. In 2002 Clare exited the Munster race at the first hurdle, however, the newly expanded qualifiers system saw Lynch's side record subsequent victories over Dublin, Wexford, Galway and Waterford to reach the All-Ireland final. It was Lynch's second appearance in the championship decider. Kilkenny were the opposition and there was no doubt in the pundits' minds that there would be anything but a victory for 'the Cats'. Henry Shefflin and D.J. Carey combined to score 2–13, while Clare's forwards missed two easy goal chances. At the full-time whistle Kilkenny were the champions by 2–20 to 0–19. Lynch's side faced early defeats in the provincial championships of 2003 and 2004. The team regrouped in the latter year and forced reigning champions Kilkenny to a draw in the All-Ireland quarter-final. 'The Cats' went on to win the replay with five points to spare. Provincial defeat was Clare's lot again in 2005, however, Lynch's side reached the All-Ireland semi-final via the qualifiers. Cork were the opponents that day and found life difficult with a primed Clare team countering their every attack. 'The Rebels' fell behind by seven points at the start of the second-half. A huge performance by Cork turned this deficit around and Lynch's side eventually went on to lose the game by 0–16 to 0–15. Lynch had a chance to level the game with seconds left, however, his shot went wide. Clare reached the All-Ireland semi-final again in 2006, this time with Kilkenny providing the opposition. After a reasonably good performance Clare fell short again as 'the Cats' went on to win the game and later take the All-Ireland title. In 2008 Clare ended their first-round bogey in Munster and reached the final of the competition for the first time since 1999. A resurgent Tipperary provided the opposition on that occasion and an exciting game was expected, however, Tipperary were much too strong for 'the Banner' county. The game was far from a classic as Lynch's side eventually lost by 2–21 to 0–19. This defeat was not the end of the road, as Clare later lined out against Cork in the All-Ireland quarter-final. Clare were the favourites against a Cork side that was seen as past its prime. The team justified their favourites tag as Cork trailed by eight points at half-time. The second half was a different story as Cork took control. At the long whistle Lynch's side were defeated by 2–19 to 2–17. This defeat marked the end for Lynch as he announced his retirement from inter-county hurling just before the start of the 2009 championship. Championship Appearances Scores and results list Clare's tally first. Honours Kilmaley Clare Senior Hurling Championship: Winner (1): 2004 Runner-up (1): 1998 Clare Junior Hurling Championship: Winner (2): 2001, 2006 Runner-up (2): 1999, 1996 Lissycasey Clare Senior Football Championship: Winner (1): 2007 Runner-up (2): 1998, 2006 Clare Intermediate Football Championship: Winner (1): 1994 Clare Junior Football Championship: Winner (1): 1992 Clare All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship: Winner (1): 1997 Runner-up (1): 2002 Munster Senior Hurling Championship: Winner (2): 1997, 1998 Runner-up (1): 1999, 2008 All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship: Winner (1): 1993 Munster Junior Hurling Championship: Winner (1): 1993 National Hurling League: Winner (0): Runner-up (2): 2001, 2005 Munster Railway Cup: Winner (1): 1997 Runner-up (1): 2004 References Teams 1974 births Living people Dual players Kilmaley hurlers Lissycasey Gaelic footballers Clare inter-county hurlers Munster inter-provincial hurlers All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship winners

17327583

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demet%20Akal%C4%B1n

Demet Akalın

Demet Akalın (born 23 April 1972) is a Turkish singer and former model. Due to the popular songs she has released since the middle of the 2000s, she has become one of the most recognizable names of Turkish pop music. Akalın, who was born in Gölcük, Kocaeli, initially decided to pursue a career in modeling and started working as a model for Neşe Erberk's agency. She also acted in a number of motion picture films and television series in the 1990s. Simultaneously with modeling, she started singing in the casinos, and released her first studio album, Sebebim in 1996 which was not successful. With the release of the album Banane in 2004, she became well-known in Turkey. The album's lead single, "Aşkın Açamadığı Kapı", earned Akalın a Turkey Music Award for the Song of the Year. Kusursuz 19 (2006) received a gold certification from Mü-Yap and with the success of Dans Et (2008), she became one of the influential figures of Turkish pop music. Her album Pırlanta was the best-selling album in Turkey in 2015. Many of her songs, including "Afedersin", "Mucize", "Toz Pembe" and "Hayalet", have been number-one hits in Turkey. Other songs such as "Tecrübe", "Çanta", "Olacak Olacak", "Sabıka", "İlahi Adalet" and "Ders Olsun" have ranked among the top 5 on Turkey's music charts. Akalın, who is considered by music critics to have created her own style, has frequently appeared on the cover of magazines and has been the subject of numerous tabloid reports. From 2007 to 2018, she was in an on and off feud with Hande Yener, and their arguments were covered in the tabloids from time to time. After her marriages to Oğuz Kayhan in 2006 and Önder Bekensir in 2010 ended in divorce, she married Okan Kurt in 2012 and the couple's first child Hira was born in 2014. The couple divorced in 2018. To this day, she has won two Golden Butterfly Awards and four Kral Turkey Music Awards, and has received numerous other awards and nominations. Life and career 1972–96: Early life and career beginnings Demet Akalın was born on 23 April 1972 to Ali and Şenay Akalın in Gölcük, Kocaeli. Her paternal family has Laz ancestry, while her maternal grandmother, Iffet Hanim (1912-2011), was of Tatar descent and her maternal grandfather was of Bosniak descent. She attended primary and secondary schools in Gölcük and eventually got enrolled in Gölcük Barbaros Hayrettin Lisesi. With the help of her mother, she took modeling courses with Yaşar Alptekin. She subsequently joined Neşe Erberk's modeling agency. Meanwhile, she acted in a number of movies and TV series including Günlerden Pazar (1992), Tele Anahtar (1994) and Sensiz Olmaz (1994). She also appeared in a TV movie titled Hayatın Anlamı alongside Ece Sükan. 1996–2005: Sebebim, Unuttum and Banane While continuing her modeling career, Akalın started to sing at casinos as well. In September 1996, her first studio album Sebebim (My Reason) was released by Elenor Plak. The songs were a mix of pop and Arabesque. Naim Dilmener wrote in his review for Hürriyet that Akalın was still inexperienced and her shaky vocals made the album poorly received. The album's lead single, titled "Sebebim", was written by Seda Akay and Niran Ünsal, for which a music video was released. Two other music videos were made for the songs "Asla Affedilmez" and "Sakın Vazgeçme". In 1998 Akalın got a role as Deniz in one episode of Kanal D's TV series Sibel. In June 2000 her first EP Yalan Sevdan was released by Şahin Özer Müzik. A music video was made for the EP's song "Senin Anan Güzel mi?", which became Akalın's first hit in Turkey and Sırma Karasu of Habertürk later praised the song as one of the earliest examples of modern Turkish pop music. Akalın's second studio album Unuttum (I've Forgotten) was produced by Peker Müzik and released in June 2003. All of the new songs in the album were written by Ersay Üner and three music videos were made for the album's lead single, "Unuttum", as well as the songs "Gazete" and "Allahından Bul". In December 2004, her third album Banane (I Don't Care) was released by Seyhan Müzik. The songs on this album were written by Serdar Ortaç and Yıldız Tilbe. The album sold 40,000 copies and eight music videos were made for the songs "Bittim", "Aşkın Açamadığı Kapı", "Banane", "Vuracak", "Bir Anda Sevmiştim", "Tamamdır", "Pembe Dizi" and "Adam Gibi", the second of which was chosen as the Song of the Year at the 12th Turkey Music Awards. Critics drew similarities between "Banane"'s music vido and Madonna's short film "Star" made in 2002 for BMW. Akalın's future husband, Oğuz Kayhan, appeared in the music video for "Pembe Dizi". 2006–09: Kusursuz 19 and Dans Et Akalın wrote a few songs for her fourth studio album Kusursuz 19 (The Perfect 19) which was produced by Seyhan Müzik and released in June 2006. The album was released with high hopes to make Akalın a solid figure of Turkish pop music as, in Akalın's words, "Hande Yener was a bit distressed because her new tape was very European, and Gülşen was having problems due to her troubled relationship with her producer. As they are dealing with their problems and losing blood, I will take my place in the music market with my new album." The album sold 147,000 copies, got a gold certification from Mü-Yap and its lead single "Afedersin" became a number-one hit on Türkçe Top 20. Separate music videos were also made for the songs "Herkes Hakettiği Gibi Yaşıyor", "Mantık Evliliği" and "Alçak". Akalın received the award for Best Female Artist at the 13th Turkey Music Awards and "Afedersin" was chosen as the Best Song of the Year. In July 2006, she married restaurant owner Oğuz Kayhan and the couple got divorced in November. Akalın later stated that they were divorced because they had fallen in disagreement about having children. Akalın did not intend to release any new works for a period of time, but at the request of her fans, she eventually released the single "Tatil" in June. Meanwhile, she got into a feud with Hande Yener. Yener had said: "I do western music, so I can not compete with those who make fantasy music. What Demet does is not similar to my style." to which Akalın responded by saying: "If she does not like me, why is she after my works? It is obvious that she takes all the works that I don't like or refuse to do for herself." Yener subsequently took a case to the court asking for 50,000 on the grounds that Akalın had insulted her and attacked her verbally, but the court said that they did not find any insult in Akalın's words. The feud continued when Yener said: "Demet? She's a grocery singer. What she does is 'grocery music'. No doubt. The likes of her are the followers of Serdar Ortaç." Akalın responded by saying: "Oh, she does electronic music? It's more likely that she's been electrocuted." and won 10,000 in the court in a case against Yener. Hürriyet chose the phrase 'grocery music' as one of the core words of 2007 and Sırma Karasu from Habertürk described the grocery music debate as one of the breaking points of Turkish pop music. After this point, the feud between the two continued on numerous occasions. Akalın's fifth studio album Dans Et (Dance) was produced by Seyhan Müzik and released in March 2008 with Ersay Üner writing and composing most of the songs. By the end of the year it sold 128,000 copies in Turkey and received a gold certification from Mü-Yap. Critics reacted negatively to slow-paced songs but praised the dance songs. The lead single "Mucize" ranked number one on Billboard Türkiyes Türkçe Top 20 for seven weeks. After making a music video for "Mucize", separate music videos were released for the songs "Bebek", "Gururum" and "Dans Et". "Bebek" became the third most-played song on radio in Turkey in 2008. At a concert in Bodrum in May 2008 Akalın said to a group of audience: "Bro, are you all from Diyarbakır? From the mountain side? I didn't understand where you came from. You're just looking like morons. One gives a round of applause or something." These words made her subject to a large number of reactions. She responded by saying: "The words I have said were a joke at my own friends from Diyarbakır who had come to see my performance. If the joke I made with all my sincerity towards my friends has been misunderstood, I apologize to all my fans from Diyarbakır." The criticism continued and seven businessmen from Diyarbakır accused Akalın of "publicly denouncing a section of society based on social class, sex, and regional difference". In 2010, the court decided to postpone the announcement of the judgment and, as a precautionary measure, the singer was ordered to write the words of the İstiklal Marşı on a page and make a five-page comment on the anthem. In April 2009, Akalın released the single "Toz Pembe", which ranked number one on Türkçe Top 20. While the song was favorably received by some critics, it was considered by some as a replay of the singer's previous works. 2010–14: Zirve, Giderli 16 and Rekor In January 2010, Akalın married the businessman Önder Bekensir, but just like her first marriage this one also ended after a few months. In July, the couple applied to the court on the grounds of severe disagreement and they divorced over the course of 20 minutes. In April, she released her sixth studio album Zirve (Peak), which sold 83,000 copies and made her the eighth best-selling artist in Turkey in 2010. She later jokingly said that this album was full of "grocery songs to the bottom". Critics noted that the album contained "flat pop music rant" and was mostly commercial. The albums's lead single, "Tecrübe", ranked number two on Turkey's music charts. The first music video for the song was directed by Teoman Topçu, who spent 40,000 for its preparation, but as some drew similarities between the clip and Corenell's music video for "Keep on Jumpin'", Akalın set the video aside and worked with Tamer Aydoğdu on a second video clip for the song. Five other music videos were made for the songs "Evli, Mutlu, Çocuklu", "Çanta", "Bozuyorum Yeminimi", "Umutsuz Vaka" and "Olacak Olacak". Akalın's former husband appeared in the music video for "Evli, Mutlu, Çocuklu" and Tan Taşçı appeared in the music video for "Çanta", which was directed by Akalın herself. "Çanta" and "Olacak Olacak" ranked third and fourth on Turkey's official music charts. On 3 August 2010, Akalın performed for the first time at the Cemil Topuzlu Open-Air Theatre, and Murat Dalkılıç made an appearance on the stage as well. In May 2011 Akalın began preparations for her new studio album and in summer she released her second EP Aşk, followed by the newly recorded song "Ben de Özledim" together with Ferdi Tayfur. Three months before that she had collaborated with Fettah Can on the song "Yanan Ateşi Söndürdük". Her EP sold 40,000 copies and one of its songs, "Sabıka", ranked among the top five on Turkey's music charts. In July, she performed at the 52nd International Nasrettin Teachers Memorial and Humor Days in Akşehir, Konya, and said to the district governor Ahmet Katırcı: "You covered your ears with your hands for an hour. Are you disturbed, 'uncle'? You're making me lose my concentration." These words resulted in a backlash from the district governor. Katırcı said that he had covered his ears as he was suffering from vertigo and accused Akalın of being disrespectful saying: "A professional artist, who has been on stage for many years, should know that she should not address a person who has come to see her performance as 'uncle'." Next month, Akalın's house in Beykoz was robbed and 100,000 cash and some jewelry were stolen. Akalın later sued the robbers for 600,000, five of whom were sent to prison. In October, she got a role as a supporting actress on TNT's TV series Yıldız Masalı and the next month her duet with Alişan, "Melekler İmza Topluyor", was released. In March 2012, she played in a commercial for Morhipo together with Hande Yener. As to why they accepted the advertising offer, Akalın said: "They paid us a lot, we could not say no!" In the same month, she was featured on Erdem Kınay's album Proje, performing the songs "Rota" and "Emanet". The next month she married her third husband Okan Kurt. In May, her concert in Nicosia was cut short because of a protest during which plastic bottles were thrown at the stage, and the reason for this action was stated to be due to the comments she had made in Diyarbakır back in 2008. After a while Akalın posted a message on Twitter and said: "Killers of an unborn baby! All my curses be upon those who bothered me." hinting that she had had a miscarriage due to the criticism that she had faced in the press. Her seventh studio album Giderli 16 (Break Up 16) was released in November 2012 and sold 69,000 copies in Turkey, becoming the ninth best-selling album of the year. The critics stated that Akalın had continued to repeat the style of her previous works in this album and that she was making commercial-like music to sell out the album. Ersay Üner was featured on the lead single "Yılan". The song "Türkan", which was written as a tribute to Türkan Şoray, was chosen as the Best Song at the Turkey Music Awards and the 40th Golden Butterfly Awards. After these two songs, new music videos for "Giderli Şarkılar", "Yıkıl Karşımdan" (feat. Gökhan Özen), "Kalbindeki İmza", "Sepet", "Nasip Değilmiş" (duet with Özcan Deniz) and "Felaket" were released. From March to June 2013, Akalın served as a judge on Popstar 2013 for 13 episodes together with Bülent Ersoy, Orhan Gencebay and Serdar Ortaç. After learning that she was pregnant, she canceled ten concerts in Europe at the end of the year from which she was supposed to earn 410,000. In February 2014, Akalın gave birth to her first child, a daughter named Hira, in Istanbul, and two months later her eighth studio album Rekor (Record) was released by Seyhan Müzik. The album sold 89,000 copies, becoming the number-one best-selling album in Turkey. Akalın recorded different music videos for the songs "İlahi Adalet", "Rekor", "Koltuk", "Nefsi Müdafaa" and "Yeminim Var". Out of these songs, the first one ranked second on Turkey's official music chart, and singer Gökhan Özen was the featuring artist on the fourth one. Music critic Yavuz Hakan Tok wrote that Akalın, who claimed that she did not have any concerns over the success of this album, was in fact trying to maintain her current popularity with the release of Rekor. Tok found this album's potential of becoming a hit low compared to Akalın's previous albums. In October, she was the guest judge at Show TV's Bu Tarz Benim. In the same month, she stopped working with Seyhan Müzik, the production company with which she had worked since 2004. 2015–present: Pırlanta, Rakipsiz and Ateş In December 2014, Akalın signed a 750,000 contract with DMC to produce a new album. In the early months of 2015 she started working on her ninth studio album; meanwhile she was featured on Emrah Karaduman's song "İntikam" and Sinan Akçıl's song "Vazgeçilmezim". In June, her new album Pırlanta (Diamond) was released, and its lead single "Ders Olsun" ranked second on Turkey's official music chart. The album itself became the best-selling album in Turkey, and sold 105,000 copies, receiving a gold certification from DMC. Following "Ders Olsun", new music videos were released for the songs "Gölge", "Çalkala", "Beş Yıl", "Pırlanta" and "Şerefime Namusuma". In the same year in August, Akalın took part in the first season of TV8's singing competition Rising Star Türkiye as a judge alongside Gülben Ergen, Fuat Güner and Mustafa Sandal. In February 2016, Akalın was cast in a supporting role together with her husband in Osman Pazarlama. In November, her tenth studio album Rakipsiz (Unrivaled) was released and its lead single, "Hayalet", became a number-one hit on the official music chart for two weeks. On 11 September 2018, Akalın and her husband Okan Kurt divorced due to "irreconcilable differences". Their daughter's custody was given to Akalın. Akalın's house was reportedly being under the threat of confiscation due to the debts of Martaş Logistics, a company run by her husband's family. The couple later reconciled in late November 2018, but are not legally married. By the end of the year, Akalın and fellow singer Hande Yener reconciled after an 11-year feud which made them the subject of many tabloid news. Akalın's eleventh studio album, Ateş (Fire), was released by DMC on 18 April 2019. The album's first music video, "N'apıyorsan Yap", was released on 19 April 2019, four days prior to the album's release on digital platforms. It was followed by music videos for the songs "Ağlar O Deli", "Esiyor" and "Yekten". In December 2020, Akalın launched her own cosmetic collection under the name DA. Philanthropy Demet Akalın donated 50,000 and 10,000 to Mehmetçik Foundation in 2016 and 2017 respectively. In 2019, she donated proceeds from her concert at the Cemil Topuzlu Open-Air Theatre to the same charity. In December 2019, Akalın together with Hande Yener and producer Polat Yağcı had a meeting with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. Prevention of child abuse and violence against women were among the discussed topics during the meeting. Discography Sebebim (1996) Unuttum (2003) Banane (2004) Kusursuz 19 (2006) Dans Et (2008) Zirve (2010) Giderli 16 (2012) Rekor (2014) Pırlanta (2015) Rakipsiz (2016) Ateş (2019) Filmography Films Günlerden Pazar (1992) Sensiz Olmaz (1994) Tele Anahtar (1994) Osman Pazarlama (2016) TV series Sibel (1998) En İyi Arkadaşım (2006) Television programs As judge Popstar 2013 (2013) Bu Tarz Benim (2014) (guest judge) Rising Star Türkiye (2015) As presenter Daha Ne Olsun (2007) (presented together with Alişan) Evlilik Hayatı (2010) (presented together with Önder Bekensir) Demet ve Alişan ile Sabah Sabah (2020–2021) (presented together with Alişan) Gelinim Mutfakta (2021) Commercials References External links Demet Akalın on Spotify 1972 births 21st-century Turkish singers 21st-century Turkish women singers Golden Butterfly Award winners Living people People from Gölcük Turkish dance musicians Turkish female models Turkish people of Tatar descent Turkish people of Laz descent Turkish people of Bosniak descent Turkish pop singers Turkish women singers

6899789

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas%20Girard

Nicolas Girard

Nicolas Girard (born June 5, 1972 in Montreal, Quebec) is a politician in Quebec, Canada, and former member of the National Assembly of Quebec. He was elected to the National Assembly in a by-election as a Parti Québécois member on September 20, 2004 in riding of Gouin in the Montreal region. Student activism Girard was involved in politics in his teens, notably on the Parti Québécois (PQ) Youth Association in the riding of La Prairie. As a student of Collège Édouard-Montpetit, Girard was involved in the Parti Québécois local cell. He was then elected president of the student college association. He fought against budget cuts made by the Canadian federal government. During the 1995 Quebec referendum, he founded a student organization supporting the yes side. He gave several speeches along with PQ leader, Jacques Parizeau. Girard has a bachelor's degree in political sciences at the Université de Montréal and did studies for the master's degree in industrial relations. During his stay at the Université de Montréal, he was elected leader of student association - Fédération des associations étudiantes du campus de l'Université de Montréal (FAÉCUM). He is a former student activist, notably organizing student rallies against former minister Lloyd Axworthy's cuts in education. He then became the president-elect of the Federation des associations étudiantes du campus de l'Université de Montréal (FAECUM). FAECUM supported the yes side during the 1995 Quebec referendum. Early political career Upon graduation, Girard was hired by the Parti Québécois as a communication advisor. He later worked for several ministers, including François Legault, André Boisclair and Sylvain Simard as a press secretary. At the 2003 provincial election, he was appointed as the deputy communication director for the campaign. Following the PQ's defeat, he was hired by the Confédération des syndicats nationaux (CSN), as a communication specialist. He also joined Pauline Marois's organization as an advisor, in her attempt to quickly replace Bernard Landry. 2004 by-election In 2004, following André Boisclair's resignation, he ran for the PQ in the Gouin riding. In the candidate selection process, he was backed by Pauline Marois and defeated high-profile Bloc Québécois vice-president, Dominique Ollivier, who was supported by Bernard Bigras, Gilles Duceppe and Louise Harel. He won his selection at the third round by a one-vote margin. Political career 2004 - 2007 Early after his election, he left Marois' organization to back Bernard Landry who was gaining support in order to get a decent confidence score at a mandatory PQ internal vote. In 2005, Bernard Landry resigned after gaining only 75% of his party support, Girard then convinced André Boisclair to make a bid for the PQ leadership, which he won. Since, Girard's political career has been on the fast-track. Boisclair appointed him the PQ critics in social services and as the chief strategist for the upcoming provincial election. Girard then appointed long-time friend, Pierre-Luc Paquette, as PQ's general manager. It is said that Girard would play a leading role in an eventual Boisclair government. General election 2007 Girard was re-appointed the PQ's candidate in the Gouin riding in 2007. He faced Françoise David, the leader of Quebec Solidaire, a left wing political party. His electoral office was occupied by FRAPRU, a social lobby supporting more public funded housing, police were forced to evacuate the illegal protesters. He was re-elected with almost 40% of the vote, however the PQ finished in third position. Defeat and AMT appointment Girard was defeated in the September 4, 2012 Quebec general election. On September 25, 2012, he was appointed president and CEO of the Agence métropolitaine de transport (AMT), which coordinates regional transportation in the Montreal area. He was removed from the position by Premier Philippe Couillard in August 2015, resulting in PQ claims that it was because he was a sovereignist. His large severance pay also created controversy. Electoral record (partial) * Result compared to Action démocratique * Result compared to UFP |- |Liberal |Edith Keays |align="right"|3,645 |align="right"|24.32 |align="right"|-5.88 |- |- |- |- |Independent |Régent Millette |align="right"|33 |align="right"|0.22 |align="right"|– |- |} References 1972 births French Quebecers Living people Parti Québécois MNAs Politicians from Montreal Université de Montréal alumni 21st-century Canadian politicians

17327598

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamyaw

Bamyaw

Bamyaw is a village in Chipwi Township in Myitkyina District in the Kachin State of north-eastern Burma. References Populated places in Kachin State Chipwi Township