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<s>[INST] Is right internal jugular vein recommended for central venous catheterization? [/INST] yes, Because the right IJV has a much wider diameter and runs more superficially than the left IJV, a right-sided approach is more acceptable than a left-sided one for CVC insertion via the IJV. The source for this answer is PMID: 20497014. </s>

<s>[INST] Is pralatrexate synergistic with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib in in vitro and in vivo models of T-cell lymphoid malignancies? [/INST] yes, Collectively, these data suggest that pralatrexate in combination with bortezomib represents a novel and potentially important platform for the treatment of T-cell malignancies. The source for this answer is PMID: 20501616. </s>

<s>[INST] Does angiopoietin-2 interfere with anti-VEGFR2-induced vessel normalization and survival benefit in mice bearing gliomas? [/INST] yes, Cancer treatment regimens combining anti-VEGF and anti-Ang-2 agents may be an effective strategy to improve the efficacy of current anti-VEGF therapies. The source for this answer is PMID: 20501615. </s>

<s>[INST] Is l1 cell adhesion molecule a novel therapeutic target in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma? [/INST] yes, We identified that L1 is expressed in ICC. L1 plays an important role in the tumor progression of ICC by enhancing cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and survival. L1 may represent a novel therapeutic target for ICC. The source for this answer is PMID: 20501614. </s>

<s>[INST] Is mature microRNA sequence polymorphism in MIR196A2 associated with risk and prognosis of head and neck cancer? [/INST] yes, These data demonstrate a role for MIR196A2 genotype in susceptibility and prognosis of HNSCC. The source for this answer is PMID: 20501619. </s>

<s>[INST] Are yKL-40 concentrations elevated in gestational diabetes? [/INST] no, No difference in YKL-40 between GDM and controls suggests similar inflammatory status at the time of measurements. The short duration of metabolic changes during GDM might explain this finding, which is in contrast to results in type 2 diabetes. The source for this answer is PMID: 20486995. </s>

<s>[INST] Are circulating levels of osteopontin closely related to glomerular filtration rate and cardiovascular risk markers in patients with chronic kidney disease? [/INST] yes, There is a close inverse association between GFR and circulating OPN in patients with CKD. Furthermore, OPN plasma levels correlate with established cardiovascular risk markers in patients with CKD. Assessment of renal function is important for the interpretation of OPN levels in patients with atherosclerotic disease. The source for this answer is PMID: 20486990. </s>

<s>[INST] Does fasting serum adiponectin level inversely correlate with metabolic syndrome in peritoneal dialysis patients? [/INST] yes, We observed that PD patients had higher metabolic syndrome than the general population and an inverse association was found between the circulating fasting adiponectin level and metabolic syndrome in PD patients. White blood count and TG were independent predictors of the serum adiponectin level among PD patients. The source for this answer is PMID: 20484901. </s>

<s>[INST] Is rearrangement of MYC associated with poor prognosis in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated in the era of rituximab? [/INST] yes, The presence of a MYC rearrangement is a strongly adverse prognostic factor in CHOP-R-treated patients and can be used in combination with patients' age and IPI to accurately predict clinical outcome. In DLBCL, rearrangement of MYC is rarely found as the sole genetic abnormality and the poor prognosis of these patients is likely to reflect a synergistic effect alongside deregulation of BCL6 or BCL2. The source for this answer is PMID: 20498406. </s>

<s>[INST] Are ophthalmic and facial veins valveless? [/INST] no, This study demonstrates, for the first time, the existence of valves in the superior ophthalmic vein and its two main tributaries. Valves were also seen in the facial vein. It is not the absence of venous valves but the existence of communications between the facial vein and cavernous sinus and the direction of blood flow that is important in the spread of infection from the face. The source for this answer is PMID: 20491800. </s>

<s>[INST] Is single-dose intravenous administration of recombinant human erythropoietin a promising treatment for patients with acute myocardial infarction - randomized controlled pilot trial of EPO/AMI-1 study -? [/INST] yes, EPO administration is a promising treatment for AMI. The source for this answer is PMID: 20501957. </s>

<s>[INST] Does persistent sexual dysfunction impair quality of life after cardiac transplantation? [/INST] yes, After HTx a high prevalence of SD remains among both men and women. Patients with SD had worse general and physical health but not depressive symptoms when compared to those without SD. The contributing factors may be more related to physical rather than psychological causes. The source for this answer is PMID: 20497304. </s>

<s>[INST] Does surgical approach to tumors of the anterior gyrus cinguli? [/INST] yes, The choice of a combined approach to anterior gyrus cinguli tumors is critical to improving the quality of resection in selected cases. We recommend a combined approach in the surgical treatment of large tumors of the perigenual area. The source for this answer is PMID: 20489513. </s>

<s>[INST] Does five-year retrograde transpopliteal angioplasty result compared with antegrade angioplasty? [/INST] yes, PA is safe with comparable success rates and long-term outcomes to an FA. PA is a useful alternative approach for treating occlusive, proximal disease. The source for this answer is PMID: 20501022. </s>

<s>[INST] Do extranuclear estrogen receptors mediate the neuroprotective effects of estrogen in the rat hippocampus? [/INST] yes, In conclusion, the current study demonstrates that activation of extranuclear ER results in induction of ERK-Akt-CREB-BDNF signaling in the hippocampal CA1 region, which significantly reduces ischemic neuronal injury and preserves cognitive function following GCI. The study adds to a growing literature that suggests that extranuclear ER can have important actions in the brain. The source for this answer is PMID: 20479872. </s>

<s>[INST] Is pandemic influenza ( H1N1 ) 2009 associated with severe disease in India? [/INST] yes, The severity of the H1N1 influenza pandemic is less than that reported for 'Spanish flu 1918' but higher than other pandemics of the 20(th) century. Thus, pandemic influenza should be considered as serious health threat and unprecedented global response seems justified. The source for this answer is PMID: 20479875. </s>

<s>[INST] Do appropriateness of patient transfer with associated orthopaedic injuries to a Level I trauma center? [/INST] yes, A total of 16.5% of transfers were deemed completely inappropriate by the accepting orthopaedic traumatologist. Most transfers, both appropriate and inappropriate, were attributed to either complete lack of orthopaedic coverage or a lack of expertise at the referring center. The source for this answer is PMID: 20502209. </s>

<s>[INST] Is low treatment adherence with antipsychotics associated with relapse in psychotic disorders within six months after discharge? [/INST] yes, The found hazard ratio indicates that the risk of relapse is substantially decreased when a patient is properly adherent to the antipsychotic therapy that was prescribed at the inpatient clinic. The source for this answer is PMID: 20503150. </s>

<s>[INST] Is beta-blocker use at discharge in patients hospitalized for heart failure associated with improved survival? [/INST] yes, Beta-blocker use at the time of discharge was associated with a long-term survival benefit in a diverse cohort of patients hospitalized with HF. The source for this answer is PMID: 20501958. </s>

<s>[INST] Does cloudy apple juice protect against chemical-induced oxidative stress in rat? [/INST] yes, Phytochemicals in commonly consumed apple juice may protect some macromolecules against oxidative insult induced by xenobiotics. The source for this answer is PMID: 20490519. </s>

<s>[INST] Does [ Carbon monoxide inhalation protect against limb ischemia/reperfusion injury ]? [/INST] yes, Inhaling exogenous CO can attenuate limb I/R injury. The source for this answer is PMID: 20476560. </s>

<s>[INST] Do cochlear implant recipients ' hearing sensation as manifested by their maps during pregnancy and postpartum? [/INST] yes, The elevation in T levels might indicate that pregnancy and delivery can result in some temporary reversible changes in hearing sensation manifested by map levels of CI users. The source for this answer is PMID: 20502375. </s>

<s>[INST] Does clinical romberg testing detect vestibular disease? [/INST] no, Our techniques of sharpening and sensitizing tandem Romberg and tandem walking tests were not useful at delineating vestibular disease, and age itself may be a confound that mimics the effects of balance system disease. The source for this answer is PMID: 20502374. </s>

<s>[INST] Does acute pain after total hip arthroplasty predict the development of chronic postsurgical pain 6 months later? [/INST] no, Neither maximum movement-evoked acute pain, nor any other factor measured, predicted the presence of CPSP at 6 months. Further research is needed to identify risk factors for CPSP after total hip arthroplasty. The source for this answer is PMID: 20490573. </s>

<s>[INST] Does varus malalignment negate the structure-modifying benefits of doxycycline in obese women with knee osteoarthritis? [/INST] yes, Varus malalignment negated the slowing of structural progression of medial-compartment OA by doxycycline. To our knowledge, this is the first report documenting that static varus angulation can negate a pharmacologic structure-modifying effect. The source for this answer is PMID: 20493957. </s>

<s>[INST] Are overexpression of CDC25B , CDC25C and phospho-CDC25C ( Ser216 ) in vulvar squamous cell carcinomas associated with malignant features and aggressive cancer phenotypes? [/INST] yes, Our results suggest that CDC25C and phospho-CDC25C (Ser216) play a crucial role and CDC25B a minor role in the pathogenesis and/or progression of vulvar carcinomas. CDC25B, CDC25C and phospho-CDC25C (Ser216) were associated with malignant features and aggressive cancer phenotypes. However, the CDC25s isoforms were not independently correlated to prognosis. The source for this answer is PMID: 20500813. </s>

<s>[INST] Do toll-like receptor 9 polymorphisms influence mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1? [/INST] yes, Overall, results demonstrate a significant correlation between specific genetic variants of the TLR9 gene and risk of MTCT of HIV-1, thus confirming a critical role of innate immunity in perinatal HIV-1 infection. Strategies aimed at modulating innate immunity might be useful for future treatment of pediatric HIV-1 infection and AIDS. The source for this answer is PMID: 20500814. </s>

<s>[INST] Does orally administered doxycycline accumulate in synovial fluid compared to plasma? [/INST] yes, Orally administered doxycycline distributes easily into synovial fluid with a penetration factor of 4.6. Terminal half-life of the drug in synovial fluid was longer than in the plasma, indicating possible accumulation in this compartment. Further in vivo studies are warranted to define a medication protocol prior to routine clinical use of doxycycline for the treatment of OA. The source for this answer is PMID: 20486976. </s>

<s>[INST] Does endothelial cell-derived endothelin-1 promote cardiac fibrosis in diabetic hearts through stimulation of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition? [/INST] yes, These results provide new insights suggesting that diabetes mellitus-induced cardiac fibrosis is associated with the emergence of fibroblasts from endothelial cells and that this endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition process is stimulated by ET-1. Targeting endothelial cell-derived ET-1 might be beneficial in the prevention of diabetic cardiomyopathy. The source for this answer is PMID: 20497976. </s>

<s>[INST] Does fetal growth restriction result in remodeled and less efficient hearts in children? [/INST] yes, These findings suggest that FGR induces primary cardiac and vascular changes that could explain the increased predisposition to cardiovascular disease in adult life. If these results are confirmed, the impact of strategies with beneficial effects on cardiac remodeling should be explored in children with FGR. The source for this answer is PMID: 20497977. </s>

<s>[INST] Does eGb761 protect motoneurons against avulsion-induced oxidative stress in rats? [/INST] yes, Intraperitoneal administration of EGb761 after root avulsion of the brachial plexus exerted protective effects by decreasing the level of NO in spinal cord and serum and the activity of cNOS and iNOS, easing the delayed motoneurons death. EGb761 should be considered in the treatment of brachial plexus nerve injuries. The source for this answer is PMID: 20497551. </s>

<s>[INST] Is the lid margin an underestimated structure for preservation of ocular surface health and development of dry eye disease? [/INST] yes, The margin of the eyelid is an important but currently underestimated structure in the maintenance of the preocular tear film and of the utmost importance for the preservation of ocular surface integrity and in the development of dry eye disease. The source for this answer is PMID: 20502031. </s>

<s>[INST] Does n-acetylcysteine attenuate iodine contrast agent-induced nephropathy in 5/6-nephrectomized rats? [/INST] yes, The results of the present study demonstrate that iodine contrast agent-induced nephropathy in 5/6-Nx rats is significantly attenuated by intravenous pretreatment with NAC. The source for this answer is PMID: 20502036. </s>

<s>[INST] Is tau hyperphosphorylation associated with memory impairment after exposure to 1.5 % isoflurane without temperature maintenance in rats? [/INST] yes, Our results indicate that tau phosphorylation is not a direct result of anaesthesia per se, but it is due to anaesthesia-induced hypothermia and this leads to the inhibition of phosphatase activity as well as tau hyperphosphorylation. Tau hyperphosphorylation is associated with the observed deficits in spatial learning and memory following anaesthesia in hypothermic rats. The source for this answer is PMID: 20485178. </s>

<s>[INST] Is level of improvement determined by PODCI related to parental satisfaction after single-event multilevel surgery in children with cerebral palsy? [/INST] yes, Although changes in sports/physical activity subscale were relatively small, they were found to affect parental satisfaction with SEMS significantly. These indicate that clinicians and researchers should pay attention to sports and physical activities in patients with cerebral palsy. The source for this answer is PMID: 20502242. </s>

<s>[INST] Does targeting the Transforming Growth Factor-beta pathway inhibit human basal-like breast cancer metastasis? [/INST] yes, In aggregate, these studies support the notion that TGF-beta plays an important role in both bone-and lung metastases of basal-like breast cancer, and that inhibiting TGF-beta signaling results in a therapeutic effect independently of the tissue-tropism of the metastatic cells. Targeting the TGF-beta pathway holds promise as a novel therapeutic approach for metastatic basal-like breast cancer. The source for this answer is PMID: 20504320. </s>

<s>[INST] Are cardiovascular risk factors associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in high functioning older adults? [/INST] yes, Subclinical atherosclerosis is common in high functioning older adults and is associated with the classic CVRFs. Controlling these factors could be helpful in reducing atherosclerosis in older patients. The source for this answer is PMID: 20478672. </s>

<s>[INST] Do ultrasound biomicroscopy imaging of sclerotomy in children with cataract undergoing 25-gauge sutureless pars plana anterior vitrectomy? [/INST] yes, UBM imaging on pediatric cataract eyes showed that healing of a 25-gauge sclerotomy was rapid and no leakage or vitreous incarceration from the scleral wound was found. The source for this answer is PMID: 20491045. </s>

<s>[INST] Does inhibition of the PI3K-Akt pathway suppress sFlt1 expression in human placental hypoxia models in vitro? [/INST] yes, Inhibition of the PI3K-Akt pathway may be a useful therapeutic approach, if it were to decrease sFlt1 secretion without inhibiting VEGF or PlGF secretion. This pathway provides a potential target for a new treatment strategy in patients with pre-eclampsia. The source for this answer is PMID: 20488538. </s>

<s>[INST] Does proteomics reveal a core molecular response of Pseudomonas putida F1 to acute chromate challenge? [/INST] yes, Comparative analysis indicated that the core molecular response to chromate, irrespective of the nutritional conditions tested, comprised seven up-regulated proteins belonging to six different functional categories including transcription, inorganic ion transport/metabolism, and amino acid transport/metabolism. These proteins might potentially serve as indicators of chromate stress in natural microbial communities. The source for this answer is PMID: 20482812. </s>

<s>[INST] Are basophils recruited to inflamed lungs and exacerbate memory Th2 responses in mice and humans? [/INST] yes, Basophils may worsen Th2 inflammatory disorders through direct interactions with pathogenic CD4 T cells as well as by enhancing DC-induced Th2 cell development. The source for this answer is PMID: 23205591. </s>

<s>[INST] Do [ Value of high-frequency stimulation ABR in the diagnosis and treatment of posterior circulation ischemia ]? [/INST] yes, High-frequency stimulation ABR can be used to facilitate the diagnosis and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of posterior circulation ischemia. The source for this answer is PMID: 23213748. </s>

<s>[INST] Is apolipoprotein B/AI ratio independently associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in nondiabetic subjects? [/INST] yes, The ApoB/AI ratio was associated with the prevalence of NAFLD in nondiabetic subjects and was independent of obesity and other metabolic components. This result suggests that NAFLD may provide additional information for atherosclerosis progression and CV risks. The source for this answer is PMID: 23215811. </s>

<s>[INST] Does selective infection of antigen-specific B lymphocytes by Salmonella mediate bacterial survival and systemic spreading of infection? [/INST] yes, This is a first example of a pathogenic bacterium that abuses the antigen-specific cells of the adaptive immune system for systemic spreading for dissemination of infection. The source for this answer is PMID: 23209805. </s>

<s>[INST] Is the delay in the development of experimental colitis from isomaltosyloligosaccharides in rats dependent on the degree of polymerization? [/INST] yes, Our study provided evidence that the physiological effects of α-glucosaccharides on colitis depend on their DP, linkage type, and digestibility. The source for this answer is PMID: 23209802. </s>

<s>[INST] Do macrophages facilitate coal tar pitch extract-induced tumorigenic transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells mediated by NF-κB? [/INST] yes, The presence of macrophages facilitated CTPE-induced tumorigenic transformation of BEAS-2B cells, which may be mediated by NF-κB. The source for this answer is PMID: 23227270. </s>

<s>[INST] Does sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibition prevent oxidative stress in the kidney of diabetic rats? [/INST] yes, The inhibition of SGLT2 by phlorizin prevents the hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in kidney of diabetic rats, suggesting a prooxidative mechanism related to SGLT2 activity. The source for this answer is PMID: 23227274. </s>

<s>[INST] Is kidney biopsy a sensitive tool for retrospective diagnosis of PLA2R-related membranous nephropathy? [/INST] yes, In case of delayed serum sampling, assessment of PLA2R antigen in biopsy specimens is more sensitive than the serological test for the diagnosis of PLA2R-related MN which can be established retrospectively. The source for this answer is PMID: 23223223. </s>

<s>[INST] Are raised liver enzymes in newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes associated with weight and lipids , but not glycaemic control? [/INST] yes, In a well-defined population of newly diagnosed people with T2DM, there is a high incidence of abnormal ALT levels, which is associated with features of the metabolic syndrome (obesity and lipid abnormalities), but not glycemic control. The source for this answer is PMID: 23226654. </s>

<s>[INST] Is re-resection for isolated local recurrence of pancreatic cancer feasible , safe , and associated with encouraging survival? [/INST] yes, Resection for isolated local recurrence of pancreatic cancer is feasible, safe, and associated with favorable survival outcome. This concept warrants further evaluation in other institutions and in randomized controlled trials. The source for this answer is PMID: 23233235. </s>

<s>[INST] Does a novel combination of withaferin A and sorafenib show synergistic efficacy against both papillary and anaplastic thyroid cancers? [/INST] yes, Combination therapy with sorafenib + withaferin showed synergistic efficacy in papillary and anaplastic cancers in vitro with significant induction of apoptosis. This combination achieved potent anticancer activity with lower overall doses of sorafenib, indicating a potential strategy to decrease sorafenib toxicity in future translational studies. The source for this answer is PMID: 23231932. </s>

<s>[INST] Does vitamin D deficiency increase the rate of postoperative hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy? [/INST] no, Despite VDD being common in patients undergoing thyroidectomy, our results do not suggest that this increases the rate of hypocalcemia. Thus, preoperative evaluation/repletion of VDD is unlikely to reduce post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia rates. The source for this answer is PMID: 23231931. </s>

<s>[INST] Does honokiol induce cytotoxic and cytostatic effects in malignant melanoma cancer cells? [/INST] yes, Honokiol is highly effective in inhibiting melanoma cancer cells by attenuating AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin and Notch signaling. These studies warrant further clinical evaluation for honokiol alone or with present chemotherapeutic regimens for the treatment of melanomas. The source for this answer is PMID: 23231930. </s>

<s>[INST] Does restraint status improve the predictive value of motor vehicle crash criteria for pediatric trauma team activation? [/INST] yes, Improper restraint is an independent predictor of necessitating TTA in this single-institution study. The source for this answer is PMID: 23231935. </s>

<s>[INST] Is the L-Arginine-asymmetric dimethylarginine ratio an independent predictor of mortality in dilated cardiomyopathy? [/INST] yes, DCM patients with unfavourable L-arginine-ADMA ratio are at increased risk for death. The source for this answer is PMID: 23207078. </s>

<s>[INST] Are elevated fibrinogen levels associated with risk of pulmonary embolism , but not with deep venous thrombosis? [/INST] yes, Elevated plasma fibrinogen levels are associated with increased risk of PE in combination with DVT but not with DVT alone. Elevated fibrinogen levels per se may not be causally associated with PE or DVT. Limitations include imprecise definitions of PE and DVT. The source for this answer is PMID: 23220916. </s>

<s>[INST] Do intermittent hypoxia and stem cell implants preserve breathing capacity in a rodent model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? [/INST] yes, AIH-induced respiratory plasticity and stem cell therapy have complementary translational potential to treat breathing deficits in patients with ALS. The source for this answer is PMID: 23220913. </s>

<s>[INST] Is reduced microRNA-150 associated with poor survival in pulmonary arterial hypertension? [/INST] yes, Reduced circulating miR-150 levels are associated with poor survival in PAH. The source for this answer is PMID: 23220912. </s>

<s>[INST] Does vitamin A supplementation in early life affect later response to an obesogenic diet in rats? [/INST] yes, Vitamin A intake in the early stages of postnatal life favors subsequent HF diet-induced adiposity gain through mechanisms that may relate to changes in adipose tissue development, likely mediated by RA. The source for this answer is PMID: 23207406. </s>

<s>[INST] Is endoscopic ultrasound assessment of lesions of the ampulla of Vater of particular value in low-grade dysplasia? [/INST] yes, Endoscopic ultrasound increases the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis of ampullary lesions and is particularly useful in patients with LGD because it permits safe endoscopic management. Patients with HGD must be reviewed carefully and considered for pancreatoduodenectomy. The source for this answer is PMID: 23216775. </s>

<s>[INST] Does the expression of cholesterol metabolism genes in monocytes from HIV-infected subjects suggest intracellular cholesterol accumulation? [/INST] yes, In vivo, increased monocyte ABCA1 expression in untreated HIV-infected patients and normalization of ABCA1 expression with virological suppression by ART supports direct HIV-induced impairment of cholesterol efflux previously demonstrated in vitro. However, decreased expression of cholesterol sensing, uptake, and synthesis genes in both untreated and treated HIV infection suggests that both HIV and ART affect monocyte cholesterol metabolism in a pattern consistent with accumulation of intramonocyte cholesterol. The source for this answer is PMID: 23204179. </s>

<s>[INST] Is proline required for male gametophyte development in Arabidopsis? [/INST] yes, Our data show that the development of the male gametophyte carrying mutations in both P5CS1 and P5CS2 is severely compromised, and indicate that proline is required for pollen development and transmission. The source for this answer is PMID: 23234543. </s>

<s>[INST] Is childhood enuresis associated with shorter intravaginal ejaculatory latency time in healthy men? [/INST] yes, We found that intravaginal ejaculatory latency time in men with a history of monosymptomatic enuresis is significantly shorter than that of controls. We have also shown that there is a strong negative correlation between having a history of monosymptomatic enuresis and intravaginal ejaculatory latency time. The source for this answer is PMID: 23228384. </s>

<s>[INST] Does impulsive action but not impulsive choice determine problem gambling severity? [/INST] yes, These results suggest that, whereas abnormal impulsive choice characterizes all problem gamblers, pathological gamblers' impairments in impulsive action may represent an important developmental pathway of pathological gambling. The source for this answer is PMID: 23209796. </s>

<s>[INST] Do calcium ions released from mineral trioxide aggregate convert the differentiation pathway of C2C12 cells into osteoblast lineage? [/INST] yes, Our study showed that MTA converted the differentiation pathway of C2C12 cells into osteoblast and/or chondroblast lineages as a result of elution components such as calcium ions from MTA. The source for this answer is PMID: 23228260. </s>

<s>[INST] Is high leukocyte count associated with peripheral vascular dysfunction in individuals with low cardiovascular risk? [/INST] yes, The highest quintile of leukocyte count is independently associated with vascular dysfunction in individuals with low CV risk. This suggests that subclinical inflammation affects vascular function. Leukocyte count may be useful for personalized risk stratification. . The source for this answer is PMID: 23220800. </s>

<s>[INST] Does mild passive focal cooling prevent epileptic seizures after head injury in rats? [/INST] yes, These findings demonstrate potent and persistent prevention and modification of epileptic seizures after head injury with a cooling protocol that is neuroprotective, compatible with the care of head injury patients, and conveniently implemented. The required cooling can be delivered passively without Peltier cells or electrical power. The source for this answer is PMID: 23225633. </s>

<s>[INST] Does neuroticism modify the association of vision impairment and cognition among community-dwelling older adults? [/INST] yes, In older persons, neuroticism modifies the association between vision impairment and cognitive function level. The source for this answer is PMID: 23221773. </s>

<s>[INST] Does actin stabilization by jasplakinolide affect the function of bone marrow-derived late endothelial progenitor cells? [/INST] yes, A moderate concentration of jasplakinolide results in an accumulation of actin filaments, enhancing the apoptosis induced by cytokine deprivation, and impairing the proliferation and function of late EPCs both in vitro and in vivo. NO donor reverses these impairments, suggesting the role of NO-related mechanisms in jasplakinolide-induced EPC downregulation. Actin cytoskeleton may thus play a pivotal role in regulating late EPC function. The source for this answer is PMID: 23226422. </s>

<s>[INST] Are lower doses of sublingual Zolpidem more effective than oral Zolpidem to anticipate sleep onset in healthy volunteers? [/INST] yes, Sublingual Zolpidem, both 5 and 10mg, induced faster sleep initiation than 10mg oral Zolpidem. A subjective perception of earlier sleep onset was reported by subjects using SL 10mg. The source for this answer is PMID: 23218533. </s>

<s>[INST] Are genetic variants in the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus associated with the IgG index in multiple sclerosis? [/INST] yes, The extent of intrathecal IgG in MS is influenced by the IGHC locus. No association with susceptibility to MS was found. Therefore GM haplotypes might affect intrathecal IgG synthesis independently of the underlying disease. The source for this answer is PMID: 23225573. </s>

<s>[INST] Is pretreatment data highly predictive of liver chemistry signals in clinical trials? [/INST] yes, It is possible to predict which patients are at a higher risk of developing liver chemistry signals using pretreatment (baseline) data. Derived knowledge from such predictions may allow proactive and targeted risk management, and the type of analysis described here could help determine whether new biomarkers offer improved performance over established ones. The source for this answer is PMID: 23226004. </s>

<s>[INST] Does limited margins using modern radiotherapy techniques increase marginal failure rate of glioblastoma? [/INST] no, Modern treatment techniques including use of concurrent temozolmide, limited CTV margin size, and IMRT have not greatly changed the patterns of failure of GBM. The source for this answer is PMID: 23211224. </s>

<s>[INST] Does [ Perforated punctum plug in treatment lacrimal punctal stenosis ]? [/INST] yes, Punctal plug insertion presents a simple, less invasive, effective and safe method to treat epiphora due to punctal stenosis. The source for this answer is PMID: 23214486. </s>

<s>[INST] Do [ Sub-internal limiting membrane haemorrhage treated by pars plana vitrectomy ]? [/INST] yes, Sub-internal limiting membrane haemorrhage affect younger patients in working-age population. These patients need rapid visual recovery. Surgical treatment of sub-internal limiting membrane haemorrhages by pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling is a safe and effective method, which facilitates a quick return to patients` previous working activities and social standard. The source for this answer is PMID: 23214484. </s>

<s>[INST] Does indomethacin serve as a potential inhibitor of protein phosphatases? [/INST] yes, The results of the present study indicate that indomethacin inhibits PP1, PP2A, and PTP1B, possibly through its direct binding and that the inhibitory effect of indomethacin on PP1 could cause indirect CaMKII activation. This may represent the novel indomethacin action. The source for this answer is PMID: 23221421. </s>

<s>[INST] Do high-dimensional immunomonitoring models of HIV-1-specific CD8 T-cell responses accurately identify subjects achieving spontaneous viral control? [/INST] yes, Immune monitoring models integrating multiple functions of HIV-1-specific CD8 T cells distinguish controllers from subjects with progressive HIV-1 infection. This strategy may have important applications in predictive model development and immune monitoring of HIV-1 vaccine trials. The source for this answer is PMID: 23233659. </s>

<s>[INST] Is daily 500 mg valacyclovir effective for prevention of Varicella zoster virus reactivation in patients with multiple myeloma treated with bortezomib? [/INST] yes, Valacyclovir at a dose of 500 mg daily appears to be effective at preventing VZV reactivation and was well-tolerated by patients with MM who received bortezomib. The source for this answer is PMID: 23225448. </s>

<s>[INST] Does diabetes accelerate retinal ganglion cell dysfunction in mice lacking sigma receptor 1? [/INST] yes, This is the first report showing unequivocally that the neuroprotective effects of (+)-PTZ require σR1. σR1 KO mice show normal retinal structure and function at young ages; however, when subjected to the chronic stress of diabetes, there is an acceleration of retinal functional deficits in σR1 KO mice such that ganglion cell dysfunction is observed at a much earlier age than nondiabetic σR1 KO mice. The data support the hypothesis that σR1 plays a key role in modulating retinal stress and may be an important target for retinal disease. The source for this answer is PMID: 23233788. </s>

<s>[INST] Does electroacupuncture suppress mechanical allodynia and nuclear factor κ B signaling in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats? [/INST] yes, These data indicate that EA produced an analgesic effect, which might be mediated at least in a part by inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway in primary sensory neurons in rats with diabetes. The source for this answer is PMID: 23230847. </s>

<s>[INST] Are childhood ADHD symptoms associated with lifetime and current illicit substance-use disorders and in-site health risk behaviors in a representative sample of Latino prison inmates? [/INST] yes, Our results provide further evidence on the association of drug dependence and ADHD symptoms, and their overrepresentation among prison inmates. The source for this answer is PMID: 23212598. </s>

<s>[INST] Does surgical resection improve the survival of selected hepatocellular carcinoma patients in Barcelona clinic liver cancer stage C? [/INST] yes, Surgical resection resulted in excellent outcomes. Although sorafenib is currently recommended, oncologists should endeavour to select optimal candidates for surgical resection to gain more survival benefit. The source for this answer is PMID: 23218990. </s>

<s>[INST] Is amylin-induced downregulation of hippocampal neurogenesis attenuated by leptin in a STAT3/AMPK/ERK-dependent manner in mice? [/INST] yes, Our data suggest that amylin in pharmacological concentrations may have a neurotoxic effect whereas leptin in physiological and pharmacological concentrations has a protective effect counteracting amylin-decreased hippocampal neurogenesis via STAT3/AMPK/ERK signalling in mouse H19-7 HN cell lines. Overall, our data support a novel role for leptin and amylin in the processes of mouse hippocampal neurogenesis and provide new insights into the mechanisms of neurogenic regulation. The source for this answer is PMID: 23224631. </s>

<s>[INST] Is pleural fluid protein inversely correlated with age in uncomplicated parapneumonic pleural effusions? [/INST] yes, Our study shows that age may be a confounding factor in the differential diagnosis of transudative and exudative pleural effusions. Clinicians should be aware of this finding especially when dealing with elders. The source for this answer is PMID: 23219739. </s>

<s>[INST] Are serum levels of advanced glycation end products ( AGEs ) independently correlated with circulating levels of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 ( DPP-4 ) in humans? [/INST] yes, The present study reveals that serum levels of DPP-4 are independently associated with various metabolic parameters in a general population. AGEs may up-regulate cellular DPP-4 expression and subsequently increase circulating levels of DPP-4 in humans. The source for this answer is PMID: 23219738. </s>

<s>[INST] Do n-3 fatty acids modulate adipose tissue inflammation and oxidative stress? [/INST] yes, This review summarizes the evidence for beneficial effects of n-3 PUFAs on adipose tissue inflammation and oxidative stress. More studies are necessary to investigate the mechanisms underlying these effects and to relate this topic to human health. The source for this answer is PMID: 23222801. </s>

<s>[INST] Are plant growth strategies remodeled by spaceflight? [/INST] yes, Skewing and waving, thought to be gravity dependent phenomena, occur in spaceflight plants. In the presence of an orienting light source, phenotypic trends in skewing are gravity independent, and the general patterns of directional root growth typified by a given genotype in unit gravity are recapitulated on orbit, although overall growth patterns on orbit are less uniform. Skewing appears independent of axial orientation on the ISS - suggesting that other tropisms (such as for oxygen and temperature) do not influence skewing. An aspect of the spaceflight environment also retards the rate of early Arabidopsis growth. The source for this answer is PMID: 23217113. </s>

<s>[INST] Does adaptive mixed reality rehabilitation improve quality of reaching movements more than traditional reaching therapy following stroke? [/INST] yes, AMRR may be useful in improving both functionality and the kinematics of reaching. Further study is needed to determine if AMRR therapy induces long-term changes in movement quality that foster better functional recovery. The source for this answer is PMID: 23213076. </s>

<s>[INST] Does starvation-induced activation of ATM/Chk2/p53 signaling sensitize cancer cells to cisplatin? [/INST] yes, In normal cells, serum starvation in vitro induces a cell cycle arrest and protects from CDDP induced toxicity. In contrast, proliferation of cancer cells is only moderately reduced by serum starvation whereas CDDP toxicity is enhanced. The combination of CDDP treatment with short term food starvation improved outcome in vivo. Therefore, starvation has the potential to enhance the therapeutic index of cisplatin-based therapy. The source for this answer is PMID: 23211021. </s>

<s>[INST] Is congenital cataract screening in maternity wards effective : evaluation of the Paediatric Cataract Register of Sweden? [/INST] yes, Eye screening in maternity wards is effective. Clear Swedish directives are to be preferred. The source for this answer is PMID: 23205674. </s>

<s>[INST] Do cortical encoding of timbre changes in cochlear implant users? [/INST] yes, Our electrophysiological results were consistent with prior behavioral results that CI users' performance in timbre perception was significantly poorer than that in NH listeners. Our results may suggest that timbre information is poorly registered in the auditory cortex of CI users and the capability of automatic detection of timbre changes is degraded in CI users. Although there are some limitations of the MMN in CI users, along with other objective auditory evoked potential tools, the MMN may be a useful objective tool to indicate the extent of sound registration in auditory cortex in the future efforts of improving CI design and speech strategy. The source for this answer is PMID: 23231816. </s>

<s>[INST] Do day of surgery urine cultures identify urogynecologic patients at increased risk for postoperative urinary tract infection? [/INST] yes, Nearly a tenth of urogynecologic patients had positive day of surgery cultures. Patients with a positive day of surgery culture had an increased risk (29.6%) of postoperative urinary tract infection within 6 weeks of surgery. These findings highlight an opportunity to identify and treat patients with positive day of surgery cultures and reduce the incidence of postoperative urinary tract infections. The source for this answer is PMID: 23219547. </s>

<s>[INST] Do [ Effect of Kang'ai injection on hepatic fibrosis in rats ]? [/INST] yes, Kang'ai injection could inhibit the formation of DEN-induced liver fibrosis. The source for this answer is PMID: 23234152. </s>

<s>[INST] Does suppression subtractive hybridization reveal transcript profiling of Chlorella under heterotrophy to photoautotrophy transition? [/INST] yes, The data presented here offer the first insights into the molecular foundation underlying the diverse microalgal trophic niche. In addition, the results can be used as a reference for unraveling candidate genes associated with the transition of Chlorella from heterotrophy to photoautotrophy, which holds great potential for further improving its lipid and nutrient production. The source for this answer is PMID: 23209737. </s>

<s>[INST] Does artemisia leaf extract induce apoptosis in human endometriotic cells through regulation of the p38 and NFκB pathways? [/INST] yes, These results indicate that APE is a potential anti-endometriotic agent, acting to induce apoptosis of endometrial cells through the modulation of the p38 and NFκB pathways. The source for this answer is PMID: 23228915. </s>

<s>[INST] Do platelets express and release osteocalcin and co-localize in human calcified atherosclerotic plaques? [/INST] yes, Given the active role played by platelets in the atherosclerotic process, the involvement of OC release from platelets in atherosclerotic lesions and the impact of genetic and cardiovascular risk factors in mediating bone-marrow preconditioning should be investigated further. The source for this answer is PMID: 23206207. </s>

<s>[INST] Is normalization of free light chain kappa/lambda ratio a robust prognostic indicator of favorable outcome in patients with multiple myeloma? [/INST] yes, This study demonstrated the significance of obtaining normal sFLC ratio independent of other clinical variables. Analysis of sFLC ratio could identify the favorable group of patients as well as immunofixation test and support the inclusion of sFLC ratio as part of the response criteria for MM. The source for this answer is PMID: 23210517. </s>

<s>[INST] Is suppression of Toll-like receptor 4 activation by caffeic acid phenethyl ester mediated by interference of LPS binding to MD2? [/INST] yes, Our results show a novel mechanism for anti-inflammatory activity of CAPE to prevent TLR4 activation by interfering with interaction between ligand (LPS) and receptor complex (TLR4/MD2). These further provide beneficial information for the development of therapeutic strategies to prevent chronic inflammatory diseases. The source for this answer is PMID: 23231684. </s>

<s>[INST] Is laparoscopic internal fixation a viable alternative option for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion? [/INST] yes, Laparoscopic internal fixation of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis catheter significantly reduces migration rates without any addition of complications. Also, laparoscopic technique did not incur patient morbidity or mortality despite the requirement for general endotracheal anesthesia and longer operation time. Therefore, internal fixation can be afforded safely in patients with previous abdominal surgery as either a salvage or preventive measure in patients with repeated catheter migration. The source for this answer is PMID: 23230557. </s>

<s>[INST] Does low effect-site concentration of propofol target-controlled infusion reduce the risk of hypotension during endoscopy in a Taiwanese population? [/INST] yes, A low Ce of propofol TCI (1.5-2.5 μg/mL) achieved adequate anesthesia, reduced the risk of hypotension, and attained a high satisfaction rate in a Taiwanese population undergoing diagnostic painless endoscopy. The source for this answer is PMID: 23216875. </s>