Bursa

Geografi

Bursa terletak di lereng timur laut Gunung Uludağ di selatan wilayah Marmara. Ia merupakan ibu kota bagi Provinsi Bursa bersempadan dengan Laut Marmara dan Yalova di utara; Kocaeli dan Sakarya di timur laut; Bilecik di timur; dan Kütahya dan Balıkesir di selatan.

Transportation

Bursa has a metro (Bursaray), tram and bus system for inner-city public transport, while taxi cabs are also available. Bursa's Yenişehir Airport is 20 mi (32 km) away from the city center. The citizens of Bursa also prefer Istanbul's airports such as Atatürk International Airport and Sabiha Gökçen International Airport for flights to foreign countries, due to Istanbul's vicinity to Bursa. There are numerous daily bus and ferry services between the two cities. Prices of bus tickets can be seen in Otobusbileti
The 8.8 km (5.5 mi) long Bursa Uludağ Gondola (Bahasa Turki: Teleferik) connects Bursa with the ski resort areas 1,870 m (6,140 ft) high on the mountain Uludağ.

Pendidikan

Bursa mempunyai dua buah universiti awam dan sebuah universiti swasta. Universiti Uludağ yang ditubuhkan pada tahun 1975, merupakan institusi pendidikan tinggi tertua di kota ini. Ia mulanya dikenali sebagai Universiti Bursa sebelum dinamakan semula sebagai Universiti Uludağ pada tahun 1982. Universiti ini mempunyai seramai 47,000 pelajar dan merupakan salah sebuah universiti terbesar di Turki. Universiti Teknikal Bursa adalah universiti awam kedua di Bursa dan ditubuhkan pada tahun 2010, serta memulakan sesi akademik bermula pada tahun akademik 2011–2012.
Universiti swasta pertama di Bursa adalah Universiti Orhangazi Bursa, yang mana memulakan tahun akademik pada 2012–2013. Universiti Perdagangan Istanbul mula membuka program siswazah di kota ini pada tahun 2013.

Sports

The city has one professional football club, Bursaspor, which competes in the Turkish Super League, the top-tier of Turkish football. Bursaspor has won its first league title in the 2009–10 Turkish Super League season, becoming the second Anatolian club to ever win the league title after Trabzonspor. Bursaspor is today considered one of the five biggest football clubs in Turkey along with Galatasaray, Fenerbahçe, Beşiktaş and Trabzonspor.
The city had a professional basketball team in the Turkish Basketball League, Tofaş S.K., which was among the most successful teams; until it stopped participating in the league following a decision by the automobile manufacturer Tofaş, its sponsor and parent company.

Ulu Cami (Grand Mosque)

Ulu Cami is the largest mosque in Bursa and a landmark of early Ottoman architecture, which carried many elements from the Seljuk architecture. Ordered by Sultan Bayezid I, the mosque was designed and built by architect Ali Neccar in 1396–1400. It is a large and rectangular building, with a total of twenty domes that are arranged in four rows of five, and are supported by 12 columns. Supposedly the twenty domes were built instead of the twenty separate mosques which Sultan Bayezid I had promised for winning the Battle of Nicopolis in 1396. The mosque has two minarets.
Inside the mosque there are 192 monumental wall inscriptions written by the famous calligraphers of that period. There is also a fountain (şadırvan) where worshipers can perform ritual ablutions before prayer; the dome over the şadırvan is capped by a skylight which creates a soft, serene light below; thus playing an important role in the illumination of the large building.
The horizontally spacious and dimly lit interior is designed to feel peaceful and contemplative. The subdivisions of space formed by multiple domes and pillars create a sense of privacy and even intimacy. This atmosphere contrasts with the later Ottoman mosques (see for example the works of Suleiman the Magnificent's chief architect Mimar Sinan.) The mosques that were built after the conquest of Constantinople (Istanbul) by the Ottoman Turks in 1453, and influenced by the design of the 6th century Byzantine basilica of Hagia Sophia, had increasingly elevated and large central domes, which create a vertical emphasis that is intended to be more overwhelming; in order to convey the divine power of Allah, the majesty of the Ottoman Sultan, and the governmental authority of the Ottoman State.

Tempat tarikan

A brief list of places of interest in and around Bursa is presented below. For a longer list, see places of interest in Bursa.