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[ { "id": "22845743_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Flow cytometry of lesional skin enhances the evaluation of cutaneous B-cell lymphomas." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 86 ] ] }, { "id": "22845743_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Cutaneous B-cell lymphoproliferative lesions can pose diagnostic challenges. This study investigates the utlility of flow cytometry in 42 cases of suspected cutaneous B-cell lymphoma. METHODS: All available cases were reviewed [World Health Organization-European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (WHO-EORTC) classification]. Flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction-immunoglobulin H (PCR-IgH) analysis of blood and/or lesional skin were performed on primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (pcBCL, 17 cases), secondary cutaneous BCL (scBCL, 8 cases) and atypical lymphoid hyperplasia (ALH, 17 cases). RESULTS: Flow cytometry of skin detected a B-cell clone in 3/13 cases of ALH, 8/8 cases of pcBCL and 4/4 cases of scBCL, while PCR detected a clone in 3/14 cases of ALH, 4/15 cases of pcBCL and 6/8 cases of scBCL. Of eight cases of pcBCL analyzed by both methods, all eight were positive by flow while only three were positive by PCR. All cases positive by PCR were also positive by flow. Of five cases with both flow and light chain immunohistochemistry, all five showed light chain restriction by flow, while only two were positive by immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSION: Flow cytometry is more sensitive than PCR in detecting B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders (12/12 cases, 100% vs. 10/23 cases, 43%; p < 0.001). Furthermore, flow cytometry complements immunohistochemistry in the detection of light chain restriction." ], "offsets": [ [ 87, 1558 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "22845743_MESH:D016393_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "B-cell lymphomas" ], "offsets": [ [ 69, 85 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016393" } ] }, { "id": "22845743_MESH:D015448_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Cutaneous B-cell lymphoproliferative lesions" ], "offsets": [ [ 99, 143 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015448" } ] }, { "id": "22845743_MESH:D016393_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "B-cell lymphoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 266, 281 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016393" } ] }, { "id": "22845743_MESH:D009369_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 405, 411 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "22845743_MESH:D016393_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "B-cell lymphoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 610, 625 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016393" } ] }, { "id": "22845743_MESH:D006965_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lymphoid hyperplasia" ], "offsets": [ [ 699, 719 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006965" } ] }, { "id": "22845743_B cell_6", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "B-cell" ], "offsets": [ [ 780, 786 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "B cell" } ] }, { "id": "22845743_MESH:D015448_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders" ], "offsets": [ [ 1363, 1399 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015448" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "15546027_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Prevalence and risk factors of erectile dysfunction in three cities of China: a community-based study." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 102 ] ] }, { "id": "15546027_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "AIM: To determine the age-adjusted prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) in 3 big cities of China and to explore its potential sociodemographic, medical and lifestyle correlates. METHODS: A cross-sectional, population-based survey was conducted in three cities of China. Structured questionnaires were administered to 2 226 men, aged 20 - 86 years, by trained interviewers. RESULTS: The age-adjusted prevalence of ED was 28.34 % (mild 15.99 %, moderate 7.14 %, severe 5.21 %). In the men above 40, the prevalence was 40.2 %. Age was positively correlated with ED (P<0.01). Education was negatively correlated with ED (P<0.01). Spouse companionship, living condition were positively correlated with ED (P<0.01). Histories of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia were positively correlated with ED (P<0.01). Cigarette smoking was not correlated with ED (P>0.05), while the cigarette consumption and duration were positively correlated with ED (P<0.01). Alcohol drinking is negatively correlated with ED (P<0.01). The duration of drinking was positively correlated with ED (P<0.01). Weekly alcohol consumption was not correlated with ED (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of ED increased with age. Cardiovascular disease, diabetes and hyperlipidemia were positively correlated with the increased prevalence. Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, such as education, spouse companionship, living condition, cigarette and alcohol consumption or duration also have association with the prevalence of ED." ], "offsets": [ [ 103, 1621 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "15546027_MESH:D007172_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "erectile dysfunction" ], "offsets": [ [ 31, 51 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007172" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_5973_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "age" ], "offsets": [ [ 125, 128 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "5973" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D007172_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "erectile dysfunction" ], "offsets": [ [ 152, 172 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007172" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D007172_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ED" ], "offsets": [ [ 174, 176 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007172" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "men" ], "offsets": [ [ 429, 432 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_5973_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "age" ], "offsets": [ [ 492, 495 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "5973" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D007172_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ED" ], "offsets": [ [ 519, 521 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007172" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "men" ], "offsets": [ [ 589, 592 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_5973_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Age" ], "offsets": [ [ 630, 633 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "5973" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D007172_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ED" ], "offsets": [ [ 665, 667 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007172" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D007172_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ED" ], "offsets": [ [ 719, 721 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007172" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D007172_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ED" ], "offsets": [ [ 803, 805 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007172" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D002318_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cardiovascular disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 829, 851 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002318" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D003920_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetes" ], "offsets": [ [ 853, 861 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D006949_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hyperlipidemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 867, 881 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006949" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D007172_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ED" ], "offsets": [ [ 914, 916 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007172" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D007172_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ED" ], "offsets": [ [ 969, 971 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007172" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D007172_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ED" ], "offsets": [ [ 1059, 1061 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007172" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D000438_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Alcohol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1072, 1079 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000438" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D007172_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ED" ], "offsets": [ [ 1119, 1121 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007172" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D007172_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ED" ], "offsets": [ [ 1188, 1190 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007172" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D000438_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "alcohol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1208, 1215 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000438" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D007172_22", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ED" ], "offsets": [ [ 1252, 1254 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007172" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D007172_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ED" ], "offsets": [ [ 1295, 1297 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007172" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_5973_24", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "age" ], "offsets": [ [ 1313, 1316 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "5973" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D002318_25", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Cardiovascular disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 1318, 1340 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002318" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D003920_26", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetes" ], "offsets": [ [ 1342, 1350 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D006949_27", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hyperlipidemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1355, 1369 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006949" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D000438_28", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "alcohol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1541, 1548 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000438" } ] }, { "id": "15546027_MESH:D007172_29", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ED" ], "offsets": [ [ 1618, 1620 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007172" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7206159_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 40 ] ] }, { "id": "7206159_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 41, 41 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "7206159_MESH:D001943_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 26, 39 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35253301_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Assessing rates of parasite coinfection and spatiotemporal strain variation via metabarcoding: insights for the conservation of European Turtle Doves Streptopelia turtur." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 170 ] ] }, { "id": "35253301_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Understanding the frequency, spatiotemporal dynamics and impacts of parasite coinfections is fundamental to developing control measures and predicting disease impacts. The European turtle dove (Streptopelia turtur) is one of Europe's most threatened bird species. High prevalence of infection by the protozoan parasite Trichomonas gallinae has previously been identified, but the role of this and other coinfecting parasites in turtle dove declines remains unclear. Using a high-throughput sequencing approach, we identified seven strains of T. gallinae, including two novel strains, from ITS1/5.8S/ITS2 ribosomal sequences in turtle doves on breeding and wintering grounds, with further intra-strain variation and four novel sub-types revealed by the iron-hydrogenase gene. High spatiotemporal turnover was observed in T. gallinae strain composition, and infection was prevalent in all populations (89-100%). Coinfection by multiple Trichomonas strains was rarer than expected (1% observed compared to 38.6% expected), suggesting either within-host competition, or high mortality of coinfected individuals. In contrast, coinfection by multiple haemosporidians was common (43%), as was coinfection by haemosporidians and T. gallinae (90%), with positive associations between strains of T. gallinae and Leucocytozoon suggesting a mechanism such as parasite-induced immune modulation. We found no evidence for negative associations between coinfections and host body condition. We suggest that longitudinal studies involving the recapture and investigation of infection status of individuals over their lifespan are crucial to understand the epidemiology of coinfections in natural populations." ], "offsets": [ [ 171, 1863 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "35253301_MESH:D060085_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "coinfection" ], "offsets": [ [ 28, 39 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D060085" } ] }, { "id": "35253301_177155_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Streptopelia turtur" ], "offsets": [ [ 150, 169 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "177155" } ] }, { "id": "35253301_MESH:D060085_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "impacts of parasite coinfections" ], "offsets": [ [ 228, 260 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D060085" } ] }, { "id": "35253301_MESH:D014095_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "impacts" ], "offsets": [ [ 330, 337 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014095" } ] }, { "id": "35253301_177155_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Streptopelia turtur" ], "offsets": [ [ 365, 384 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "177155" } ] }, { "id": "35253301_MESH:D007239_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 454, 463 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "35253301_56777_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Trichomonas gallinae" ], "offsets": [ [ 490, 510 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "56777" } ] }, { "id": "35253301_56777_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "T. gallinae" ], "offsets": [ [ 713, 724 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "56777" } ] }, { "id": "35253301_56777_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "T. gallinae" ], "offsets": [ [ 991, 1002 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "56777" } ] }, { "id": "35253301_MESH:D007239_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 1027, 1036 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "35253301_MESH:D060085_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Coinfection" ], "offsets": [ [ 1081, 1092 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D060085" } ] }, { "id": "35253301_MESH:D003643_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mortality" ], "offsets": [ [ 1242, 1251 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "35253301_MESH:D060085_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "coinfection" ], "offsets": [ [ 1292, 1303 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D060085" } ] }, { "id": "35253301_MESH:D060085_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "coinfection" ], "offsets": [ [ 1357, 1368 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D060085" } ] }, { "id": "35253301_56777_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "T. gallinae" ], "offsets": [ [ 1392, 1403 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "56777" } ] }, { "id": "35253301_56777_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "T. gallinae" ], "offsets": [ [ 1457, 1468 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "56777" } ] }, { "id": "35253301_MESH:D007239_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 1729, 1738 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "23782835_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Rescue of vitrified-warmed bovine oocytes with rho-associated coiled-coil kinase inhibitor." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 91 ] ] }, { "id": "23782835_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Cryotolerance of matured bovine oocytes is not fully practical even though a promising vitrification procedure with a ultrarapid cooling rate was applied. The present study was conducted to investigate whether recovery culture of vitrified-warmed bovine oocytes with an inhibitor (Y-27632) of Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (ROCK) can improve the developmental potential after in vitro fertilization (IVF) and in vitro culture. Immediately after warming, almost all oocytes appeared to be morphological normal. Treatment of the postwarming oocytes with 10 muM Y-27632 for 2 h resulted in the significantly higher oocyte survival rate before IVF as well as higher cleavage rate and blastocyst formation rate. Quality analysis of the resultant blastocysts in terms of total cell number and apoptotic cell ratio also showed the positive effect of the Y-27632 treatment. Time-dependent change in mitochondrial activity of the vitrified-warmed oocytes was not influenced by ROCK inhibition during the period of recovery culture. However, the ability of ooplasm to support single-aster formation was improved by the ROCK inhibition. Thus, inhibition of ROCK activity in vitrified-warmed bovine oocytes during a short-term recovery culture can lead to higher developmental competence, probably due to decreased apoptosis and normalized function of the microtubule-organizing center." ], "offsets": [ [ 92, 1470 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "23782835_9913_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "bovine" ], "offsets": [ [ 27, 33 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9913" } ] }, { "id": "23782835_9913_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "bovine" ], "offsets": [ [ 117, 123 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9913" } ] }, { "id": "23782835_9913_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "bovine" ], "offsets": [ [ 339, 345 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9913" } ] }, { "id": "23782835_MESH:C108830_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Y-27632" ], "offsets": [ [ 373, 380 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C108830" } ] }, { "id": "23782835_MESH:C108830_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Y-27632" ], "offsets": [ [ 655, 662 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C108830" } ] }, { "id": "23782835_MESH:C108830_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Y-27632" ], "offsets": [ [ 943, 950 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C108830" } ] }, { "id": "23782835_9913_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "bovine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1276, 1282 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9913" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "4808315_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A study of the client population of the model neighborhood drug abuse program of Detroit (work-in-progress report)." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 115 ] ] }, { "id": "4808315_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 116, 116 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "4808315_MESH:D019966_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "neighborhood drug abuse" ], "offsets": [ [ 46, 69 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019966" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3445388_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Antenatal care in Belfast." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 26 ] ] }, { "id": "3445388_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A questionnaire study of mothers' views of the antenatal care provided in Belfast showed general satisfaction. Retrospective examination of their charts however showed in some cases that insufficient attention was paid to the medical and obstetric history in the selection of type of care made by the women and their doctors. Some women with high risk factors were booked for shared care and some patients at low risk were booked for total hospital care. The reasons for this are unclear.The mothers felt that continuity of care and communication at the health centre were better than at the hospital. Analysis of the number of hospital attendances showed that shared care patients appeared to be making an excessive number of visits to hospital. Many total hospital care patients also admitted that they were attending their general practitioners. There appeared to be marked duplication of effort as a result of poor communication between patient, general practitioner and hospital.Alternative ideas for care are suggested - a more integrated system for sharing antenatal care, and the development of general practitioner units within the specialist obstetric hospital." ], "offsets": [ [ 27, 1198 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "3445388_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 328, 333 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "3445388_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 358, 363 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "3445388_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 424, 432 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "3445388_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 700, 708 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "3445388_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 799, 807 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "3445388_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 968, 975 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9095494_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Coordinator's report: ABH and other glycoconjugates--serology." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 62 ] ] }, { "id": "9095494_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 63, 63 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "9095494_8846_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "ABH" ], "offsets": [ [ 22, 25 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "8846" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "5439888_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Long-term development of chronic pancreatitis (113 cases). I. Study of spontaneous development]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 97 ] ] }, { "id": "5439888_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 98, 98 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "5439888_MESH:D010195_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pancreatitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 34, 46 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010195" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7481731_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Assessment of dermal exposure to chemicals." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 43 ] ] }, { "id": "7481731_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The methods for the dermal exposure assessment vary in their complexity and are in some sense complementary to each other. The most easy-to-use methods involve a pseudo-skin-approach, such as gloves and removal by washing. In some cases generic modelling appears to be possible. The experimental methods can indicate and even quantitate the presence of chemicals on the skin. This enables studies on the occurrence of local effects in relation to the exposure. When the interest is on systemic effects, the dermal exposure is only of interest if it represents the amount that is available for penetration through the skin. This may vary largely between compounds due to the large variation in dermal absorption. When this degree of absorption is not known, the alternate method may be biological monitoring, at least when it is based on a detailed pharmacokinetic knowledge of that compound. The most sophisticated method, applied to study occupational exposures, is formed by a combination of monitoring on clothing (pseudo-skin), hand washing (removal) and biological monitoring. In any case, the assessment of dermal exposure should be based on a sampling strategy that takes into account the distribution of the contamination on the body, the variation in time of the exposure, the duration of the exposure as well as the degree of skin protection afforded by clothing." ], "offsets": [ [ 44, 1417 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "21800589_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Orthogonal projection divergence-based hyperspectral band selection]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 70 ] ] }, { "id": "21800589_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Due to the high data dimensionality of a hyperspectral image, dimensionality reduction algorithm has attracted much attention in hyperspectral image analysis. Band selection algorithm, which selects appropriate bands from the original set of spectral bands, can preserve original information from the data and is useful for image classification and recognition. In the present paper, a novel band selection algorithm based on orthogonal projection divergence (OPD) is proposed, it aims to discriminate the interesting objects from background and noise information, maximize the spectral similarity between different spectral vectors by projecting the original data to feature space. Two HYDICE Washington DC Mall images and an HYMAP Purdue campus image data were experimented, and support vector machine (SVM) classifier was used for classification. The selected band number varies from 5 to 40 in order to study the impacts of different band selection algorithms on different features. For the computation complex, the sequential floating forward search (SFFS) was used to get the appropriate bands. The experiments have proved that our proposed OPD algorithm can outperform other traditional band selection methods such as SAM, ED, SID, and LCMV-BCC for hyperspectral image analysis. It is proven that OPD band selection is effective and robust in hyperspectral remote sensing dimensionality reduction" ], "offsets": [ [ 71, 1474 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "21800589_MESH:D013398_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SID" ], "offsets": [ [ 1305, 1308 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013398" } ] }, { "id": "21800589_11623_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "LCMV" ], "offsets": [ [ 1314, 1318 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "11623" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "12121619_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Establishment of hindbrain segmental identity requires signaling by FGF3 and FGF8." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 82 ] ] }, { "id": "12121619_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The hindbrain (brainstem) of all vertebrates follows a segmental developmental strategy and has been the focus of intense study not only for its intrinsic interest but also as a model for how more complex regions of the brain are patterned. Segmentation ultimately serves to organize the development of neuronal populations and their projections, and regional diversity is achieved through each segment having its own identity. The latter being established through differential expression of a hierarchy of transcription factors, including Hox genes, Krox20, and Kreisler/Valentino. Here we identify a novel signaling center in the zebrafish embryo that arises prior to establishment of segmental patterning and which is located centrally within the hindbrain territory in a region that corresponds to the presumptive rhombomere 4. We show that signaling from this region by two members of the FGF family of secreted proteins, FGF3 and FGF8, is required to establish correct segmental identity throughout the hindbrain and for subsequent neuronal development. Spatiotemporal studies of Fgf expression suggest that this patterning mechanism is conserved during hindbrain development in other vertebrate classes." ], "offsets": [ [ 83, 1293 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "12121619_30549_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "FGF3" ], "offsets": [ [ 68, 72 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "30549" } ] }, { "id": "12121619_30538_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "FGF8" ], "offsets": [ [ 77, 81 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "30538" } ] }, { "id": "12121619_368241_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Krox20" ], "offsets": [ [ 634, 640 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "368241" } ] }, { "id": "12121619_30210_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Kreisler" ], "offsets": [ [ 646, 654 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "30210" } ] }, { "id": "12121619_30210_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Valentino" ], "offsets": [ [ 655, 664 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "30210" } ] }, { "id": "12121619_7955_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "zebrafish" ], "offsets": [ [ 715, 724 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "7955" } ] }, { "id": "12121619_30549_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "FGF3" ], "offsets": [ [ 1010, 1014 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "30549" } ] }, { "id": "12121619_30538_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "FGF8" ], "offsets": [ [ 1019, 1023 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "30538" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "14714071_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Prevention of thrombus formation with glyprolines on various models of prethrombotic state and thrombosis in rats." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 114 ] ] }, { "id": "14714071_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Peroral administration of peptide Pro-Gly-Pro to 10-11-month-old rats with modeled prethrombotic state normalized functions of the anticoagulation system and produced a potent antiplatelet effect. Peroral administration of Pro-Gly peptide before provocation of thrombin generation and thrombus formation prevented death of animals from thrombosis. Experiments on rats with venous thrombosis induced by stasis and administration of thrombin showed that pretreatment with Pro-Gly peptide decreased the weight of formed thrombi." ], "offsets": [ [ 115, 640 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "14714071_MESH:D013927_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "thrombus" ], "offsets": [ [ 14, 22 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013927" } ] }, { "id": "14714071_-_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glyprolines" ], "offsets": [ [ 38, 49 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "14714071_MESH:D013927_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "thrombosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 95, 105 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013927" } ] }, { "id": "14714071_10116_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 109, 113 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "14714071_tmVar:p|Allele|G,P|10;VariantGroup:1;CorrespondingGene:2147_4", "type": "ProteinMutation", "text": [ "Gly-Pro to 10" ], "offsets": [ [ 153, 166 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:p|Allele|G,P|10;VariantGroup:1;CorrespondingGene:2147" } ] }, { "id": "14714071_10116_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 180, 184 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "14714071_tmVar:p|SUB|P||G;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:2147_6", "type": "ProteinMutation", "text": [ "Pro-Gly" ], "offsets": [ [ 338, 345 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:p|SUB|P||G;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:2147" } ] }, { "id": "14714071_29251_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "thrombin" ], "offsets": [ [ 376, 384 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "29251" } ] }, { "id": "14714071_MESH:D013927_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "thrombus" ], "offsets": [ [ 400, 408 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013927" } ] }, { "id": "14714071_MESH:D013927_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "thrombosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 451, 461 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013927" } ] }, { "id": "14714071_10116_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 478, 482 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "14714071_MESH:D020246_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "venous thrombosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 488, 505 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020246" } ] }, { "id": "14714071_29251_12", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "thrombin" ], "offsets": [ [ 546, 554 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "29251" } ] }, { "id": "14714071_tmVar:p|SUB|P||G;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:2147_13", "type": "ProteinMutation", "text": [ "Pro-Gly" ], "offsets": [ [ 585, 592 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:p|SUB|P||G;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:2147" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7436212_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Carbenicillin and pseudomembranous enterocolitis." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 49 ] ] }, { "id": "7436212_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 50, 50 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "7436212_MESH:D002228_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Carbenicillin" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 13 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002228" } ] }, { "id": "7436212_MESH:D004761_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pseudomembranous enterocolitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 18, 48 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004761" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9563104_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Analysis of aging and degeneration of the human intervertebral disc. Comparison of surgical specimens with normal controls." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 123 ] ] }, { "id": "9563104_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "STUDY DESIGN: A prospective analysis of 33 control and 39 surgical human lumbar disc specimens from the anulus was undertaken to assess disc cell extracellular matrix production and cell function. The authors of this study analyzed immunohistochemical distributions of Types I, II, III and VI collagen, in situ localization of apoptotic disc cells, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase localization. OBJECTIVES: To quantify the incidence of apoptotic cell death in the anulus; examine the collagen distribution in the pericellular, territorial, and interterritorial matrix; examine matrix cell degeneration; and compare diseased tissue with normal tissue from control individuals. SUMMARY OF THE BACKGROUND DATA: Previous studies of disc histopathology have focused on extracellular matrix morphology and on biochemical synthetic and degenerative changes, but little is understood about the cell populations within the disc that are responsible for these changes. METHODS: In this study light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, enzyme histochemistry, and in situ hybridization were used to examine 33 patient and 39 control specimens of human anulus obtained either via surgical procedures or from donors to the Cooperative Human Tissue Network. RESULTS: The high incidence of apoptotic cell death was significantly greater in the control group (73.1 +/- 5.1% [mean +/- SEM]; n = 20) than among surgical specimens (53.5 +/- 5.6%; n = 20; P < 0.001); this was probably a result of the significantly greater average age in the control population (57.2 +/- 3.1 years) compared with that in the patient population (44.3 +/- 3.2 years; P < 0.001). Immunohistochemistry yielded findings that led to an expanded appreciation of the greatly modified extracellular domains that surrounded disc cells during aging and degeneration in both study groups. Enzyme histochemistry revealed the presence of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity in human disc cells. CONCLUSIONS: These findings reveal that there is a high incidence of apoptosis in the intervertebral disc. Surviving cells are not synthetically inactive but are, rather, producing inappropriate matrix products during aging and degeneration. In certain instances it appears that the matrix surrounding the cell may form an isolation barrier, which may influence individual cell activity and intercellular communication. These results point to the need to 1) more fully understand the cause of disc cell death via apoptosis and to determine whether this programmed cell death can be reversed or halted, and 2) more fully understand the dynamic relation between disc cells and the surrounding extracellular matrix, which they produce and remodel. The factors regulating extracellular matrix-disc cell homeostasis in the disc are unknown, as is the relation between extracellular matrix and disc cell functional modulation. The morphologic findings of this study suggest that these issues are important considerations in disc cell biology. The identification of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity in disc cells allows for a new area of study of disc extracellular matrix remodelling. In summary, these new perspectives provide new parameters with which to assess disc cell health and function." ], "offsets": [ [ 124, 3382 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "9563104_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 42, 47 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9563104_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 191, 196 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9563104_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1227, 1234 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9563104_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 1263, 1268 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9563104_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Human" ], "offsets": [ [ 1350, 1355 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9563104_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1717, 1724 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9563104_MESH:C029768_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "tartrate" ], "offsets": [ [ 2016, 2024 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C029768" } ] }, { "id": "9563104_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 2064, 2069 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "2980525_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Evaluation of a 99Tcm bound brain scanning agent for single photon emission computed tomography." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 96 ] ] }, { "id": "2980525_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "D,L HM-PAO-99Tcm (PAO) is a lipophilic tracer complex which is avidly taken up by the brain. We have compared the regional distribution of PAO with regional cerebral blood flow (CBF). CBF was measured by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) by Tomomatic 64 after 133Xe inhalation in 41 patients. With the same SPECT the distribution of PAO was measured after intravenous injection. High resolution (HR) and low resolution (LR) studies were performed yielding a resolution of 6-10 mm (HR) and 15-20 mm (LR). PAO images showed close resemblance to 133Xe CBF tomograms. Only 20 per cent of the (decay corrected) brain counts were lost during 24 hours." ], "offsets": [ [ 97, 759 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "2980525_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 397, 405 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "29537986_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "First in human: imaging guided bioresorbable magnesium scaffolds in acute myocardial infarction." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 96 ] ] }, { "id": "29537986_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 97, 97 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "29537986_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 9, 14 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29537986_MESH:D008274_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "magnesium" ], "offsets": [ [ 45, 54 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008274" } ] }, { "id": "29537986_MESH:D009203_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myocardial infarction" ], "offsets": [ [ 74, 95 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009203" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6590730_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Vital root resection in maxillary molar teeth: a longitudinal study." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 68 ] ] }, { "id": "6590730_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 69, 69 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "12213779_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "GAZE: a generic framework for the integration of gene-prediction data by dynamic programming." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 93 ] ] }, { "id": "12213779_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "We describe a method (implemented in a program, GAZE) for assembling arbitrary evidence for individual gene components (features) into predictions of complete gene structures. Our system is generic in that both the features themselves, and the model of gene structure against which potential assemblies are validated and scored, are external to the system and supplied by the user. GAZE uses a dynamic programming algorithm to obtain the highest scoring gene structure according to the model and posterior probabilities that each input feature is part of a gene. A novel pruning strategy ensures that the algorithm has a run-time effectively linear in sequence length. To demonstrate the flexibility of our system in the incorporation of additional evidence into the gene prediction process, we show how it can be used to both represent nonstandard gene structures (in the form of trans-spliced genes in Caenorhabditis elegans), and make use of similarity information (in the form of Expressed Sequence Tag alignments), while requiring no change to the underlying software. GAZE is available at http://www.sanger.ac.uk/Software/analysis/GAZE." ], "offsets": [ [ 94, 1236 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "12213779_6239_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Caenorhabditis elegans" ], "offsets": [ [ 998, 1020 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "6239" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "34064878_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The Using of Concrete Wash Water from Ready Mixed Concrete Plants in Cement Systems." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 84 ] ] }, { "id": "34064878_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Concrete plants accumulate large amounts of concrete wash water. This water, which pH is highly alkaline, has a negative impact on the environment. Its reuse in fresh concrete slightly reduces its mechanical properties. The combination of concrete wash water and zeolitic by-product led to an increase of 4.6% in the compressive strength at 7 days hydration and up to 30% at 28 days hydration. The same combination led to the denser microstructure compared to the samples made with concrete wash water. This could be explained by the pozzolanic reaction of the zeolitic by-product. The complex chemical reactions of cement, zeolitic by-product, and fines presented in the concrete wash water occurred. Therefore, it was suggested the reusing method of concrete wash water together with zeolitic by-product in the fresh concrete mixtures by substituting some amount of tap water with concrete wash water. In this way, the consumption of tap water is possible to reduce in cement systems." ], "offsets": [ [ 85, 1071 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "34064878_MESH:D014867_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Water" ], "offsets": [ [ 27, 32 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "34064878_MESH:D014867_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 143, 148 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "34064878_MESH:D014867_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 155, 160 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "34064878_MESH:D014867_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 338, 343 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "34064878_MESH:D014867_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 581, 586 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "34064878_MESH:D014867_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 771, 776 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "34064878_MESH:D014867_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 851, 856 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "34064878_MESH:D014867_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 957, 962 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "34064878_MESH:D014867_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 982, 987 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "34064878_MESH:D014867_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 1025, 1030 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "21924581_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Malignant pleural mesothelioma presenting with a spontaneous hydropneumothorax: a report of 2 cases." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 100 ] ] }, { "id": "21924581_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) originates in the mesothelial cells that line the pleural cavities. Most patients initially experience the insidious onset of chest pain or shortness of breath and have a history of asbestos exposure. It rarely presents as spontaneous pneumothorax. We report here two cases where malignant pleural mesothelioma presented with a spontaneous hydropneumothorax and was only discovered following surgery. We emphasise the need for a chest CT-scan preoperatively in older patients presenting with a secondary pneumo/hydropneumothorax." ], "offsets": [ [ 101, 667 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "21924581_MESH:C562839_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Malignant pleural mesothelioma" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 30 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C562839" } ] }, { "id": "21924581_MESH:D006872_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hydropneumothorax" ], "offsets": [ [ 61, 78 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006872" } ] }, { "id": "21924581_MESH:C562839_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Malignant pleural mesothelioma" ], "offsets": [ [ 101, 131 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C562839" } ] }, { "id": "21924581_MESH:C562839_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "MPM" ], "offsets": [ [ 133, 136 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C562839" } ] }, { "id": "21924581_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 211, 219 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "21924581_MESH:D002637_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "chest pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 264, 274 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002637" } ] }, { "id": "21924581_MESH:D004417_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "shortness of breath" ], "offsets": [ [ 278, 297 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004417" } ] }, { "id": "21924581_MESH:D001194_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "asbestos" ], "offsets": [ [ 320, 328 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001194" } ] }, { "id": "21924581_MESH:D011030_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pneumothorax" ], "offsets": [ [ 373, 385 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011030" } ] }, { "id": "21924581_MESH:D008654_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pleural mesothelioma" ], "offsets": [ [ 428, 448 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008654" } ] }, { "id": "21924581_MESH:D006872_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hydropneumothorax" ], "offsets": [ [ 478, 495 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006872" } ] }, { "id": "21924581_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 605, 613 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "21924581_MESH:D006872_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pneumo/hydropneumothorax" ], "offsets": [ [ 642, 666 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006872" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7989413_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Aneurysm of the hepatic artery treated by embolization]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 57 ] ] }, { "id": "7989413_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The hepatic artery aneurysm represent 16 to 20% of visceral artery aneurysms. The man of 40 years of age is often affected. This aneurysm is often asymptomatic. The rupture menace its evolution and justify the treatment. Echo-doppler-color constitute a non invasive exam of choice for diagnosis. Embolisation has a more extent indications. A case is reported of an aneurysm of the hepatic artery treated with embolisation with review of the literature." ], "offsets": [ [ 58, 510 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "7989413_MESH:D002532_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Aneurysm of the hepatic artery" ], "offsets": [ [ 1, 31 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002532" } ] }, { "id": "7989413_MESH:D002532_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hepatic artery aneurysm" ], "offsets": [ [ 62, 85 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002532" } ] }, { "id": "7989413_MESH:D002532_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "visceral artery aneurysms" ], "offsets": [ [ 109, 134 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002532" } ] }, { "id": "7989413_MESH:D000783_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "aneurysm" ], "offsets": [ [ 187, 195 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000783" } ] }, { "id": "7989413_MESH:D002532_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "aneurysm of the hepatic artery" ], "offsets": [ [ 423, 453 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002532" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "1274159_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Design of a district veterinary pharmacy]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 43 ] ] }, { "id": "1274159_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 44, 44 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "28989248_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Potential Antitumor Effects of Pomegranates and Its Ingredients." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 64 ] ] }, { "id": "28989248_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The treatment based on plant or plant derivatives is a promising strategy in the killing of cancers cells. Moreover, wide-ranging finding has established that medicinal plant and its ingredient modulate several cells signaling pathways or inhibiting the carcinogenesis process. In this vista, pomegranates fruits, seeds and peels illustrate cancer preventive role seems to be due to rich source of antioxidant and other valuable ingredients. Furthermore, anti-tumour activities of pomegranates have been evidences through the modulation of cell signaling pathways including transcription factor, apoptosis and angiogenesis. In this review article, anti-tumor activity of pomegranates and its components or its different type of extracts are described to understand the mechanism of action of pomegranates in cancer therapy." ], "offsets": [ [ 65, 888 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "28989248_MESH:D009369_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancers" ], "offsets": [ [ 157, 164 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "28989248_MESH:D009369_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 406, 412 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "28989248_MESH:D009369_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumour" ], "offsets": [ [ 525, 531 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "28989248_MESH:D009369_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 718, 723 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "28989248_MESH:D009369_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 873, 879 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "29652318_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Pulmonary metastases: classification and the need for staging?]" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 64 ] ] }, { "id": "29652318_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "AIM: To analyze pulmonary metastases classifications which are used in Russian and foreign literature at present time. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It is proposed the variant of pulmonary metastases staging depending on quantitative and regional prevalence of the process. RESULTS: The development of pulmonary metastases classification is advisable to determine homogeneous subgroups of patients with metastatic lesion for prospective randomized trials in order to obtain objective results about the results of surgical or other local treatment of patients with intrapulmonary metastases." ], "offsets": [ [ 65, 647 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "29652318_MESH:D009362_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Pulmonary metastases" ], "offsets": [ [ 1, 21 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009362" } ] }, { "id": "29652318_MESH:D009362_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pulmonary metastases" ], "offsets": [ [ 81, 101 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009362" } ] }, { "id": "29652318_MESH:D009362_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pulmonary metastases" ], "offsets": [ [ 236, 256 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009362" } ] }, { "id": "29652318_MESH:D009362_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pulmonary metastases" ], "offsets": [ [ 359, 379 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009362" } ] }, { "id": "29652318_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 446, 454 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29652318_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 607, 615 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29652318_MESH:D009362_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "metastases" ], "offsets": [ [ 636, 646 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009362" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31498953_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Do individuals with Angelman syndrome have a maladaptive behavior?" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 66 ] ] }, { "id": "31498953_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 67, 67 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "31498953_MESH:D017204_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Angelman syndrome" ], "offsets": [ [ 20, 37 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017204" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "34673397_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Fluorescence-activated droplet sorting of PET degrading microorganisms." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 71 ] ] }, { "id": "34673397_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Enzymes that can decompose synthetic plastics such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) are urgently needed. Still, a bottleneck remains due to a lack of techniques for detecting and sorting environmental microorganisms with vast diversity and abundance. Here, we developed a fluorescence-activated droplet sorting (FADS) pipeline for high-throughput screening of PET-degrading microorganisms or enzymes (PETases). The pipeline comprises three steps: generation and incubation of droplets encapsulating single cells, picoinjection of fluorescein dibenzoate (FDBz) as the fluorogenic probe, and screening of droplets to obtain PET-degrading cells. We characterized critical factors associated with this method, including specificity and sensitivity for discriminating PETase from other enzymes. We then optimized its performance and compatibility with environmental samples. The system was used to screen a wastewater sample from a PET textile mill. We successfully obtained PET-degrading species from nine different genera. Moreover, two putative PETases from isolates Kineococcus endophyticus Un-5 and Staphylococcus epidermidis Un-C2-8 were genetically derived, heterologously expressed, and preliminarily validated for PET-degrading activities. We speculate that the FADS pipeline can be widely adopted to discover new plastic-degrading microorganisms and enzymes in various environments and may be utilized in the directed evolution of degrading enzymes using synthetic biology." ], "offsets": [ [ 72, 1553 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "34673397_MESH:D010969_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "plastics" ], "offsets": [ [ 109, 117 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010969" } ] }, { "id": "34673397_MESH:D011093_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polyethylene terephthalate" ], "offsets": [ [ 126, 152 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011093" } ] }, { "id": "34673397_1275957_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "environmental" ], "offsets": [ [ 262, 275 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1275957" } ] }, { "id": "34673397_-_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "fluorescein dibenzoate" ], "offsets": [ [ 605, 627 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "34673397_-_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "FDBz" ], "offsets": [ [ 629, 633 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "34673397_1275957_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "environmental samples" ], "offsets": [ [ 922, 943 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1275957" } ] }, { "id": "34673397_1181883_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Kineococcus endophyticus" ], "offsets": [ [ 1140, 1164 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1181883" } ] }, { "id": "34673397_1282_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Staphylococcus epidermidis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1174, 1200 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1282" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "5007102_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Cardiovascular activity of some substituted 2-aminobenzoquinolizines." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 69 ] ] }, { "id": "5007102_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 70, 70 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "5007102_-_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "2-aminobenzoquinolizines" ], "offsets": [ [ 44, 68 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18122155_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Paper on American Pediatric Literature from 1939-1947." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 54 ] ] }, { "id": "18122155_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 55, 55 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "5118322_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "AAMC ready to face the challenges of the seventies." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 51 ] ] }, { "id": "5118322_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 52, 52 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "21394603_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The creatine kinase reaction: a simple reaction with functional complexity." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 75 ] ] }, { "id": "21394603_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The classical role of PCr is seen as a reservoir of high-energy phosphates defending cellular ATP levels under anaerobic conditions, high rates of energy transfer or rapid fluctuations in energy requirement. Although the high concentration of PCr in glycolytic fast-twitch fibers supports the role of PCr as a buffer of ATP, the primary importance of the creatine kinase (CK) reaction may in fact be to counteract large increases in ADP, which could otherwise inhibit cellular ATPase-mediated systems. A primary role for CK in the maintenance of ADP homeostasis may explain why, in many conditions, there is an inverse relationship between PCr and muscle contractility but not between ATP and muscle contractility. The high rate of ATP hydrolysis during muscle contraction combined with restricted diffusion of ADP suggests that ADP concentration increases transiently during the contraction phase (ADP spikes) and that these are synchronized with the contraction. The presence of CK, structurally bound in close vicinity to the sites of ATP utilization, will reduce the amplitude and duration of the ADP spikes through PCr-mediated phosphotransfer. When PCr is reduced, the efficiency of CK as an ATP buffer will be reduced and the changes in ADP will become more prominent. The presence of ADP spikes is supported by the finding that other processes known to be activated by ADP (i.e. AMP deamination and glycolysis) are stimulated during exercise but not during anoxia, despite the same low global energy state. Breakdown of PCr is driven by increases in ADP above that depicted by the CK equilibrium and the current method to calculate ADPfree from the CK reaction in a contracting muscle is therefore questionable." ], "offsets": [ [ 76, 1795 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "21394603_51727_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "creatine kinase" ], "offsets": [ [ 4, 19 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "51727" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_MESH:D010710_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "phosphates" ], "offsets": [ [ 140, 150 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010710" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_MESH:D000255_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ATP" ], "offsets": [ [ 170, 173 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000255" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_MESH:D000255_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ATP" ], "offsets": [ [ 396, 399 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000255" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_51727_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "creatine kinase" ], "offsets": [ [ 431, 446 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "51727" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_51727_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CK" ], "offsets": [ [ 448, 450 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "51727" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_MESH:D000244_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ADP" ], "offsets": [ [ 509, 512 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000244" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_51727_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CK" ], "offsets": [ [ 597, 599 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "51727" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_MESH:D000244_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ADP" ], "offsets": [ [ 622, 625 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000244" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_MESH:D000255_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ATP" ], "offsets": [ [ 761, 764 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000255" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_MESH:D000255_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ATP" ], "offsets": [ [ 808, 811 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000255" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_MESH:D000244_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ADP" ], "offsets": [ [ 887, 890 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000244" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_MESH:D000244_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ADP" ], "offsets": [ [ 905, 908 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000244" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_MESH:D000244_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ADP" ], "offsets": [ [ 975, 978 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000244" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_51727_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CK" ], "offsets": [ [ 1057, 1059 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "51727" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_MESH:D000255_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ATP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1114, 1117 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000255" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_MESH:D000244_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ADP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1177, 1180 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000244" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_51727_17", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CK" ], "offsets": [ [ 1265, 1267 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "51727" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_MESH:D000255_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ATP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1274, 1277 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000255" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_MESH:D000244_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ADP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1320, 1323 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000244" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_MESH:D000244_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ADP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1368, 1371 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000244" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_MESH:D000244_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ADP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1453, 1456 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000244" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_MESH:D000249_22", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "AMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1463, 1466 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000249" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_MESH:D000860_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anoxia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1541, 1547 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000860" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_MESH:D000244_24", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ADP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1634, 1637 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000244" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_51727_25", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CK" ], "offsets": [ [ 1665, 1667 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "51727" } ] }, { "id": "21394603_51727_26", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CK" ], "offsets": [ [ 1733, 1735 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "51727" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3573972_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Fractures and ligament injuries of the ankle joint treated at the Bjelovar Medical Center during the past 5 years]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 116 ] ] }, { "id": "3573972_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 117, 117 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "3573972_MESH:D050723_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Fractures" ], "offsets": [ [ 1, 10 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D050723" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "36195276_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Spartin: At the crossroad between ubiquitination and metabolism in cancer." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 74 ] ] }, { "id": "36195276_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "SPART is a gene coding for a multifunctional protein called spartin, localized in various organelles of human cells. Mutations in the coding region are responsible for a hereditary form of spastic paraplegia called Troyer syndrome while the epigenetic silencing has been demonstrated for some types of tumors. The main functions of this gene are associated to endosomic trafficking and receptor degradation, microtubule interaction, cytokinesis, fatty acids and oxidative metabolism. Spartin has been shown to be a target regulated by STAT3 and localizes also at the level of the mitochondrial outer membrane, where it forms part of a complex maintaining the integrity of the membrane potential. The most recent evidences report a downregulation of spartin in tumor tissues when compared to adjacent normal samples. This intriguing evidence supports further research aimed at clarifying the role of this protein in cancer development and metabolism." ], "offsets": [ [ 75, 1024 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "36195276_23111_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Spartin" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 7 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "23111" } ] }, { "id": "36195276_MESH:D009369_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 67, 73 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "36195276_23111_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SPART" ], "offsets": [ [ 75, 80 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "23111" } ] }, { "id": "36195276_23111_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "spartin" ], "offsets": [ [ 135, 142 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "23111" } ] }, { "id": "36195276_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 179, 184 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "36195276_MESH:C536857_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "spastic paraplegia" ], "offsets": [ [ 264, 282 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C536857" } ] }, { "id": "36195276_MESH:D009369_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 377, 383 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "36195276_MESH:D005227_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "fatty acids" ], "offsets": [ [ 521, 532 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005227" } ] }, { "id": "36195276_23111_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Spartin" ], "offsets": [ [ 559, 566 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "23111" } ] }, { "id": "36195276_6774_9", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "STAT3" ], "offsets": [ [ 610, 615 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6774" } ] }, { "id": "36195276_23111_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "spartin" ], "offsets": [ [ 824, 831 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "23111" } ] }, { "id": "36195276_MESH:D009369_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 835, 840 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "36195276_MESH:D009369_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 990, 996 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "5253073_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A non-extraction treatment with the edgewise appliance." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 55 ] ] }, { "id": "5253073_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 56, 56 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "36230761_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT Features Extracted from Different Radiomic Zones Predict Response to Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 160 ] ] }, { "id": "36230761_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Purpose: Prediction of treatment response to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) prior to treatment initiation remains difficult. This study was undertaken to investigate whether 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT features extracted from different radiomic zones within the prostate gland might predict response to ADT in patients with advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: A total of 35 patients with prostate adenocarcinoma underwent two 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT scans-termed PET-1 and PET-2-before and after 3 months of ADT, respectively. The prostate was divided into three radiomic zones, with zone-1 being the metabolic tumor zone, zone-2 the proximal peripheral tumor zone, and zone-3 the extended peripheral tumor zone. Patients in the response group were those who showed a reduction ratio > 30% for PET-derived parameters measured at PET-1 and PET-2. The remaining patients were classified as non-responders. Results: Seven features (glcm_idmn, glcm_idn, glcm_imc1, ngtdm_Contrast, glrlm_rln, gldm_dn, and shape_MeshVolume) from zone-1, two features (gldm_sdlgle and shape_MinorAxisLength) from zone-2, and two features (diagnostics_Mask-interpolated_Minimum and shape_Sphericity) from zone-3 successfully distinguished responders from non-responders to ADT. One predictive feature (shape_SurfaceVolumeRatio) was consistently identified in all of the three zones. Conclusions: this study demonstrates the potential usefulness of radiomic features extracted from different prostatic zones in distinguishing responders from non-responders prior to ADT initiation." ], "offsets": [ [ 161, 1714 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "36230761_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 121, 129 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "36230761_MESH:D011471_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Advanced Prostate Cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 135, 159 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011471" } ] }, { "id": "36230761_-_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ADT" ], "offsets": [ [ 460, 463 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "36230761_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 467, 475 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "36230761_MESH:D011471_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "advanced prostate cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 481, 505 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011471" } ] }, { "id": "36230761_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 536, 544 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "36230761_MESH:D011471_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "prostate adenocarcinoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 550, 573 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011471" } ] }, { "id": "36230761_-_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ADT" ], "offsets": [ [ 666, 669 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "36230761_MESH:D008659_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "metabolic tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 759, 774 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008659" } ] }, { "id": "36230761_MESH:D009369_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 812, 817 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "36230761_MESH:D009369_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 859, 864 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "36230761_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 871, 879 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "36230761_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1018, 1026 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "36230761_-_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ADT" ], "offsets": [ [ 1699, 1702 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20003331_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The tracking of dietary intakes of children and adolescents in Sweden over six years: the European Youth Heart Study." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 117 ] ] }, { "id": "20003331_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: The stability of dietary habits through various life-stages is not well understood. A better understanding of the tracking of diet over time could have implications for health promotion as well as for the planning of nutritional epidemiology studies. We examined the stability of dietary intakes of children and adolescents over six years. METHODS: As part of the European Youth Heart Study, in 1998-9, a 24-h dietary recall was performed on over one thousand 9- and 15-year-olds in Sweden. In 2004-5, 40% returned to the follow-up study. These 452 subjects (273 15- and 179 21-year-olds) were assigned to age- and gender-specific tertiles of intakes of food groups, energy, selected nutrients and energy density (low, mid and high) at each time point. The agreement between the classification of subjects into tertiles at both time points was examined using Cohen's weighted kappa and other stability coefficients. We included a dropout analysis and considered the effect that energy mis-reporting might have on our results. RESULTS: Fair tracking was seen between childhood and adolescence for the milk, fil and yoghurt food group (kappa = 0.30), and between adolescence and young adulthood for fruit (kappa = 0.24). Slight tracking was observed for most other food groups and fair to slight tracking for all nutrients studied. Only membership of the high milk, fil and yoghurt tertile could be predicted from membership at baseline, in children. Excluding potential energy mis-reporters did not affect the results. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the long time between data collections, and the method of dietary data collection used, evidence for slight tracking was observed for most food groups and nutrients over these six years." ], "offsets": [ [ 118, 1855 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "20003331_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 35, 43 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "20003331_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 429, 437 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "20003331_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 1569, 1577 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6346458_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Renal magnesium transport." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 26 ] ] }, { "id": "6346458_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 27, 27 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "6346458_MESH:D008274_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "magnesium" ], "offsets": [ [ 6, 15 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008274" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20191898_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Biogenic amines determination in some Romanian meat products." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 61 ] ] }, { "id": "20191898_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "AIM: Biogenic amines are compounds synthesized in human body which in high concentration become toxic and lead to a wide range of symptoms as palpitations, nausea and headache. Meat products can contain high levels of biogenic amines. Ingestion of such product can cause severe illness. For these reason it becomes necessary to determine the biogenic amines levels in meat products. In our work we have determined the amount of some biogenic amines and the ration in which they are present in different type of fresh and processed meat products made by several producers. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Meat sample was homogenized with TCA 5%, than centrifuged at 4000 rpm and supernatant collected was eluted on a solid cartridge extraction. The extracted liquid was than analyzed on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system in order to determine histamine, tyramine, cadaverine and putrescine. RESULTS: Concentration of biogenic amines such as histamine, tyramine, cadaverine and putrescine, find in the foodstuffs we have analyzed, showed significant differences. CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates the presence of biogenic amines in Romanian meat products and signals to the risk of food consumption, for persons which are allergic or for those under classical monoamine-oxidase inhibitor drug therapy." ], "offsets": [ [ 62, 1368 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "20191898_MESH:D000588_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "amines" ], "offsets": [ [ 9, 15 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000588" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_MESH:D000588_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "amines" ], "offsets": [ [ 76, 82 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000588" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 112, 117 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_MESH:D009325_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "nausea" ], "offsets": [ [ 218, 224 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009325" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_MESH:D006261_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "headache" ], "offsets": [ [ 229, 237 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006261" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_MESH:D000588_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "amines" ], "offsets": [ [ 289, 295 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000588" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_MESH:D000588_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "amines" ], "offsets": [ [ 413, 419 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000588" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_MESH:D000588_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "amines" ], "offsets": [ [ 504, 510 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000588" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_MESH:D014238_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "TCA" ], "offsets": [ [ 688, 691 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014238" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_MESH:D006632_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "histamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 912, 921 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006632" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_MESH:D014439_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "tyramine" ], "offsets": [ [ 923, 931 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014439" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_MESH:D002103_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cadaverine" ], "offsets": [ [ 933, 943 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002103" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_MESH:D011700_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "putrescine" ], "offsets": [ [ 948, 958 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011700" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_MESH:D000588_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "amines" ], "offsets": [ [ 995, 1001 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000588" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_MESH:D006632_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "histamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1010, 1019 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006632" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_MESH:D014439_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "tyramine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1021, 1029 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014439" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_MESH:D002103_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cadaverine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1031, 1041 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002103" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_MESH:D011700_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "putrescine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1046, 1056 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011700" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_MESH:D000588_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "amines" ], "offsets": [ [ 1189, 1195 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000588" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_9606_19", "type": "Species", "text": [ "persons" ], "offsets": [ [ 1271, 1278 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "20191898_MESH:D004342_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "allergic" ], "offsets": [ [ 1289, 1297 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004342" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7605051_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Assessment of time-domain analyses for estimation of low-frequency respiratory mechanical properties and impedance spectra." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 123 ] ] }, { "id": "7605051_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Time-domain estimation has been invoked for tracking of respiratory mechanical properties using primarily a simple single-compartment model containing a series resistance (Rrs) and elastance (Ers). However, owing to the viscoelastic properties of respiratory tissues, Rrs and Ers exhibit frequency dependence below 2 Hz. The goal of this study was to investigate the bias and statistical accuracy of various time-domain approaches with respect to model properties, as well as the estimated impedance spectra. Particular emphasis was placed on establishing the tracking capability using a standard step ventilation. A simulation study compared continuous-time versus discrete-time approaches for both the single-compartment and two-compartment models. Data were acquired in four healthy humans and two dogs before and after induced severe pulmonary edema while applying sinusoidal and standard ventilator forcing. Rrs and Ers were estimated either by the standard Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) approach or by a time-domain least square estimation. Results show that the continuous-time model form produced the least bias and smallest parameter uncertainty for a single-compartment analysis and is quite amenable for reliable on-line tracking. The discrete-time approach exhibits large uncertainty and bias, particularly with increasing noise in the flow data. In humans, the time-domain approach produced smooth estimates of Rrs and Ers spectra, but they were statistically unreliable at the lower frequencies. In dogs, both the FFT and time-domain analysis produced reliable and stable estimates for Rrs or Ers spectra for frequencies out to 2 Hz in all conditions. Nevertheless, obtaining stable on-line parameter estimates for the two-compartment viscoelastic models remained difficult. We conclude that time-domain analysis of respiratory mechanics should invoke a continuous-time model form." ], "offsets": [ [ 124, 2018 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "7605051_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "humans" ], "offsets": [ [ 910, 916 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "7605051_9615_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "dogs" ], "offsets": [ [ 925, 929 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9615" } ] }, { "id": "7605051_MESH:D011654_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pulmonary edema" ], "offsets": [ [ 962, 977 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011654" } ] }, { "id": "7605051_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "humans" ], "offsets": [ [ 1485, 1491 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "7605051_9615_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "dogs" ], "offsets": [ [ 1636, 1640 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9615" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35958357_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Pregnancy History, Oral Contraceptive Pills Consumption (OCPs), and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 134 ] ] }, { "id": "35958357_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Background: To estimate the pooled odds of oral contraceptive pills consumption (OCPs) use as well as pregnancy history and multiple sclerosis (MS) risk. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Google scholar, and gray literature including references of the references as well as conference papers. The search strategy in PubMed was ((Oral contraceptive pills) OR OCP) AND (Multiple Sclerosis OR Sclerosis, Multiple) OR Sclerosis, Disseminated) OR Disseminated Sclerosis) OR MS (Multiple Sclerosis)) OR Multiple Sclerosis, Acute Fulminating) AND (gravidity) OR (pregnancy). Results: Four studies were included. The pooled odds of developing MS in women with pregnancy history compared with nulligravid women was 0.64 (95%CI = 0.53 - 0.78) (I 2 = 0, P = 0.5), which means that pregnancy reduces the risk of MS by 36%. The pooled odds of OCP consumption and risk of MS were 1.09 (95% CI = 0.67 - 1.76). By comparing the pooled odds of OCP consumption and risk of MS according to the country of the origin, we found that the pooled odds in Iranian studies was 1.03 (95% CI = 0.31 - 3.45) and the pooled OR in studies that were conducted in the United States was 1.13 (95% CI = 0.65 - 1.98), which showed that the country of the origin was not the cause of heterogeneity. Conclusions: The results of this systematic review show that pregnancy history is a protective factor for MS development, whereas OCP use has no significant effect." ], "offsets": [ [ 135, 1603 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "35958357_MESH:D009103_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Multiple Sclerosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 76, 94 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009103" } ] }, { "id": "35958357_MESH:D009103_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "multiple sclerosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 259, 277 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009103" } ] }, { "id": "35958357_MESH:D009103_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Multiple Sclerosis OR Sclerosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 545, 576 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009103" } ] }, { "id": "35958357_MESH:D012598_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Sclerosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 591, 600 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012598" } ] }, { "id": "35958357_MESH:D009103_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Disseminated Sclerosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 619, 641 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009103" } ] }, { "id": "35958357_MESH:D009103_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Multiple Sclerosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 650, 668 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009103" } ] }, { "id": "35958357_MESH:D009103_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Multiple Sclerosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 674, 692 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009103" } ] }, { "id": "35958357_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 818, 823 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35958357_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 873, 878 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "14690390_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Changes in macroscopic viscosity do not affect the release of aroma aldehydes from a pectinaceous food model system of low sucrose content." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 139 ] ] }, { "id": "14690390_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The effects of pectin and viscosity on the release of a systematic series of aldehydes (alkanals, methyl-alkanals, alkenals, and alkandienals) were studied in a food model system of low sucrose content (10% w/w). The viscosity was varied by adding different amounts of Ca(2+) (0, 13.5, and 27 mg/g pectin) to the model system of constant pectin concentration (0.4% w/w). Air-liquid partition coefficients, K (37 degrees C), of the aroma compounds were determined in aqueous and pectin-thickened solutions. Diffusivities of the aroma compounds in water and three pectin-thickened solutions were estimated from release rate constants that were obtained via timed collection of volatiles in the gas phase and quantifications by dynamic headspace-gas chromatography. The partition coefficients increased as the carbon chain increased within each homologous series. Overall, no significant difference was found between partition coefficients of aldehydes in water and in pectin solutions except for 2-methyl-propanal and butanal that showed higher K values when pectin was present. Furthermore, the diffusional properties of the model system with a constant pectin level (0.4% w/w) remained constant when the viscosity was increased from 0.001 to 150 Pa s. It was concluded that neither pectin nor alterations in macroscopic viscosity as such influenced the release of aldehydes from the pectin-thickened food model system." ], "offsets": [ [ 140, 1558 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "14690390_MESH:D016111_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "aroma aldehydes" ], "offsets": [ [ 62, 77 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016111" } ] }, { "id": "14690390_MESH:D013395_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sucrose" ], "offsets": [ [ 123, 130 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013395" } ] }, { "id": "14690390_MESH:D000447_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "aldehydes" ], "offsets": [ [ 217, 226 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000447" } ] }, { "id": "14690390_-_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "alkanals" ], "offsets": [ [ 228, 236 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "14690390_-_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "methyl-alkanals" ], "offsets": [ [ 238, 253 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "14690390_-_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "alkenals" ], "offsets": [ [ 255, 263 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "14690390_-_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "alkandienals" ], "offsets": [ [ 269, 281 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "14690390_MESH:D013395_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sucrose" ], "offsets": [ [ 326, 333 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013395" } ] }, { "id": "14690390_MESH:D014867_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 686, 691 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "14690390_MESH:D002244_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "carbon" ], "offsets": [ [ 947, 953 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002244" } ] }, { "id": "14690390_MESH:D000447_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "aldehydes" ], "offsets": [ [ 1080, 1089 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000447" } ] }, { "id": "14690390_MESH:D014867_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 1093, 1098 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "14690390_MESH:C017439_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "2-methyl-propanal" ], "offsets": [ [ 1134, 1151 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C017439" } ] }, { "id": "14690390_MESH:C018475_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "butanal" ], "offsets": [ [ 1156, 1163 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C018475" } ] }, { "id": "14690390_MESH:D000447_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "aldehydes" ], "offsets": [ [ 1504, 1513 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000447" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "24197780_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Metals and selenium in wild animals from Norwegian areas close to Russian nickel smelters." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 90 ] ] }, { "id": "24197780_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "This paper reports the concentrations of metals (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and/or Zn) and selenium (Se) in kidney and/or liver samples from capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), willow ptarmigan (Lagopus lagopus), hares (Lepus timidus), common shrews (Sorex araneus) and grey-sided voles (Clethrionomus rufocanus) from the Norwegian areas most heavily contaminated by pollutants from the Russian smelters on the Kola peninsula. In addition to comparing areas that differed in expected pollution rate within Sor-Varanger, comparisons are drawn with reference data from other parts of Norway. The relatively highest levels of metals were found for Cu and Ni in the sub-area most heavily exposed to pollution from the smelters. Also the highest Cr concentrations were found in the areas closest to the smelters. In this study, there is evidence for a direct link between increased metal concentrations in wild animals and pollution from the Russian smelters for Cu and Ni and to some extent for Cr. relatively high concentration of Hg and slight increases in Pb are also documented, but regional differences within Sor-Varanger indicate no direct relationship to the Russian smelters. No samples showed concentrations of any of the analysed metals in excess of the limits where negative effects on animals can be measured." ], "offsets": [ [ 91, 1411 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "24197780_MESH:D012643_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "selenium" ], "offsets": [ [ 11, 19 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012643" } ] }, { "id": "24197780_100830_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Tetrao urogallus" ], "offsets": [ [ 251, 267 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "100830" } ] }, { "id": "24197780_52650_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "willow ptarmigan" ], "offsets": [ [ 270, 286 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "52650" } ] }, { "id": "24197780_52650_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Lagopus lagopus" ], "offsets": [ [ 288, 303 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "52650" } ] }, { "id": "24197780_62621_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Lepus timidus" ], "offsets": [ [ 313, 326 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "62621" } ] }, { "id": "24197780_42254_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Sorex araneus" ], "offsets": [ [ 344, 357 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "42254" } ] }, { "id": "24197780_47230_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "voles" ], "offsets": [ [ 374, 379 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "47230" } ] }, { "id": "24197780_MESH:D003300_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Cu" ], "offsets": [ [ 738, 740 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003300" } ] }, { "id": "24197780_MESH:D002857_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Cr" ], "offsets": [ [ 834, 836 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002857" } ] }, { "id": "24197780_MESH:D008670_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "metal" ], "offsets": [ [ 970, 975 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008670" } ] }, { "id": "24197780_MESH:D007854_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Pb" ], "offsets": [ [ 1148, 1150 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007854" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "30365996_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "High-throughput sequencing of the T-cell receptor beta chain gene distinguishes 2 subgroups of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 121 ] ] }, { "id": "30365996_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 122, 122 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "30365996_T cell_0", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "T-cell" ], "offsets": [ [ 34, 40 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "T cell" } ] }, { "id": "30365996_MESH:D016410_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cutaneous T-cell lymphoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 95, 120 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016410" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "179565_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "In vivo and in vitro phosphorylation of ribosomal proteins by protein kinases from Saccharomyces cerevisiae." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 108 ] ] }, { "id": "179565_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "From the high salt wash of the ribosomes of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, three protein kinases have been isolated and separated by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. The three kinases differ in their abilities to phosphorylate substrates such as histones (calf thymus), casein, and S. cerevisiae ribosomes; two of the kinases showed increased activity in the presence of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate when histones and 40S ribosomal subunits were used as substrates. The protein kinases catalyzed phosphorylation of certain proteins of the 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits, and 80S ribosomes in vitro. Nine proteins of the 80S ribosome, seven proteins of the 40S subunit, and eleven of the 60S subunit were phosphorylated; different proteins were modified to various extents when different kinases were used. We have identified several proteins of 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits which are not available to the kinases in the 80S particles. Ribosomes isolated from S. cerevisiae cells growing in logarithmic phase of growth were found to contain a number of phosphorylated proteins. Studies by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that the ribosomal proteins phosphorylated in vivo correspond with those phosphorylated in vitro. The relationship of in vivo phsophorylation of ribosomes to the growth and physiology of S. cerevisiae is not known." ], "offsets": [ [ 109, 1485 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "179565_4932_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Saccharomyces cerevisiae" ], "offsets": [ [ 83, 107 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4932" } ] }, { "id": "179565_MESH:D012492_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "salt" ], "offsets": [ [ 123, 127 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012492" } ] }, { "id": "179565_4932_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "yeast" ], "offsets": [ [ 157, 162 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4932" } ] }, { "id": "179565_4932_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Saccharomyces cerevisiae" ], "offsets": [ [ 163, 187 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4932" } ] }, { "id": "179565_MESH:D003636_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DEAE-cellulose" ], "offsets": [ [ 247, 261 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003636" } ] }, { "id": "179565_9913_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "calf" ], "offsets": [ [ 368, 372 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9913" } ] }, { "id": "179565_4932_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "S. cerevisiae" ], "offsets": [ [ 394, 407 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4932" } ] }, { "id": "179565_MESH:D000241_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "adenosine" ], "offsets": [ [ 490, 499 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000241" } ] }, { "id": "179565_4932_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "S. cerevisiae" ], "offsets": [ [ 1081, 1094 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4932" } ] }, { "id": "179565_MESH:C016679_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polyacrylamide" ], "offsets": [ [ 1226, 1240 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C016679" } ] }, { "id": "179565_4932_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "S. cerevisiae" ], "offsets": [ [ 1458, 1471 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4932" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "23160312_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "TiO2 nanotube (T_NT) surface treatment revisited: Implications of ZnO, TiCl4, and H2O2 treatment on the photoelectrochemical properties of T_NT and T_NT-CdSe." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 158 ] ] }, { "id": "23160312_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The surface treatment of an anodized TiO(2) nanotube (T_NT) is very desirable for enhancing its photoelectrochemical properties and often is a prerequisite to deposition of any overlying layer for photoactivity efficiency improvement. This study provides a comparative analysis of the effects of such surface treatments and the mechanistic insights behind the observed improvements in the performance of the treated T_NTs. T_NT surface treatment using three approaches, viz., TiCl(4), Zn(NH(3))(4)(2+), and H(2)O(2) is examined. TiCl(4) and Zn(NH(3))(4)(2+) treatment results in the formation of discontinuous islands of the respective oxides with 5-10 nm and 15-20 nm diameter particles. TiCl(4) treatment demonstrates an increase of 7.4% in photovoltage and is the most effective of the three approaches. Zn(NH(3))(4)(2+) treatment also results in an ~2% increase in photovoltage. However, a surface treatment of T_NT using H(2)O(2) results only in a favourable shift in flatband potential (80 mV). The T_NTs are rendered ineffective as H(2)O(2) treatment causes the destabilization of the T_NT at the base. Finally, the activity of an overlying chalcogenide layer is improved with the TiCl(4) and Zn(NH(3))(4)(2+) treatment (and not with H(2)O(2)) as evident from the photoelectrochemical responses: (J(T_NT-TiO(2)-CdSe) > J(T_NT-ZnO-CdSe) > J(T_NT-CdSe) > J(T_NT-H(2)O(2)-CdSe))." ], "offsets": [ [ 159, 1542 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "23160312_-_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "TiO(2)" ], "offsets": [ [ 196, 202 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23160312_-_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "T_NT" ], "offsets": [ [ 213, 217 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23160312_-_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "H(2)O" ], "offsets": [ [ 666, 671 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23160312_MESH:C025096_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "TiCl(4)" ], "offsets": [ [ 688, 695 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C025096" } ] }, { "id": "23160312_-_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Zn(NH(3))(" ], "offsets": [ [ 700, 710 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23160312_MESH:D010087_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxides" ], "offsets": [ [ 795, 801 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010087" } ] }, { "id": "23160312_MESH:C025096_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "TiCl(4)" ], "offsets": [ [ 848, 855 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C025096" } ] }, { "id": "23160312_MESH:D015032_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Zn" ], "offsets": [ [ 966, 968 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015032" } ] }, { "id": "23160312_-_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "H(2)O" ], "offsets": [ [ 1085, 1090 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23160312_-_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "H(2)O" ], "offsets": [ [ 1198, 1203 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23160312_-_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "H(2)O" ], "offsets": [ [ 1400, 1405 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23160312_-_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "H(2)O" ], "offsets": [ [ 1526, 1531 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "21498569_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Autophagy-deficient mice develop multiple liver tumors." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 55 ] ] }, { "id": "21498569_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Autophagy is a major pathway for degradation of cytoplasmic proteins and organelles, and has been implicated in tumor suppression. Here, we report that mice with systemic mosaic deletion of Atg5 and liver-specific Atg7-/- mice develop benign liver adenomas. These tumor cells originate autophagy-deficient hepatocytes and show mitochondrial swelling, p62 accumulation, and oxidative stress and genomic damage responses. The size of the Atg7-/- liver tumors is reduced by simultaneous deletion of p62. These results suggest that autophagy is important for the suppression of spontaneous tumorigenesis through a cell-intrinsic mechanism, particularly in the liver, and that p62 accumulation contributes to tumor progression." ], "offsets": [ [ 56, 778 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "21498569_10090_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 20, 24 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "21498569_MESH:D008113_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 42, 54 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008113" } ] }, { "id": "21498569_MESH:D009369_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 168, 173 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "21498569_10090_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 208, 212 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "21498569_11793_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Atg5" ], "offsets": [ [ 246, 250 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11793" } ] }, { "id": "21498569_74244_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Atg7" ], "offsets": [ [ 270, 274 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "74244" } ] }, { "id": "21498569_10090_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 278, 282 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "21498569_MESH:D018248_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver adenomas" ], "offsets": [ [ 298, 312 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018248" } ] }, { "id": "21498569_MESH:D009369_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 320, 325 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "21498569_MESH:D028361_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mitochondrial swelling" ], "offsets": [ [ 383, 405 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D028361" } ] }, { "id": "21498569_18226_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p62" ], "offsets": [ [ 407, 410 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "18226" } ] }, { "id": "21498569_74244_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Atg7" ], "offsets": [ [ 492, 496 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "74244" } ] }, { "id": "21498569_MESH:D009369_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 506, 512 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "21498569_18226_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p62" ], "offsets": [ [ 552, 555 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "18226" } ] }, { "id": "21498569_18226_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p62" ], "offsets": [ [ 728, 731 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "18226" } ] }, { "id": "21498569_MESH:D009369_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 760, 765 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31449727_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A case of antibiotic-associated mania in a 67-year-old woman." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 61 ] ] }, { "id": "31449727_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 62, 62 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "31449727_MESH:D001714_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mania" ], "offsets": [ [ 32, 37 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001714" } ] }, { "id": "31449727_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "woman" ], "offsets": [ [ 55, 60 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "29633114_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The Prognostic Value of Varying Definitions of Positive Resection Margin in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 125 ] ] }, { "id": "29633114_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Varying definitions of resection margin clearance are currently employed among patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM). Specifically, a microscopically positive margin (R1) has alternatively been equated with an involved margin (margin width = 0 mm) or a margin width < 1 mm. Consequently, patients with a margin width of 0-1 mm (sub-mm) are inconsistently classified in either the R0 or R1 categories, thus obscuring the prognostic implications of sub-mm margins. METHODS: Six hundred thirty-three patients who underwent resection of CRLM were identified. Both R1 definitions were alternatively employed and multivariable analysis was used to determine the predictive power of each definition, as well as the prognostic implications of a sub-mm margin. RESULTS: Five hundred thirty-nine (85.2%) patients had a margin width >= 1 mm, 42 had a sub-mm margin width, and 52 had an involved margin (0 mm). A margin width >= 1 mm was associated with improved survival vs. a sub-mm margin (65 vs. 36 months; P = 0.03) or an involved margin (65 vs. 33 months; P < 0.001). No significant difference in survival was detected between patients with involved vs. sub-mm margins (P = 0.31). A sub-mm margin and an involved margin were both independent predictors of worse OS (HR 1.66, 1.04-2.67; P = 0.04, and HR 2.14, 1.46-3.16; P < 0.001, respectively) in multivariable analysis. Importantly, after combining the two definitions, patients with either an involved margin or a sub-mm margin were associated with worse OS in multivariable analysis (HR 1.94, 1.41-2.65; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with involved or sub-mm margins demonstrated a similar inferior OS vs. patients with a margin width > 1 mm. Consequently, a uniform definition of R1 as a margin width < 1 mm should perhaps be employed by future studies." ], "offsets": [ [ 126, 1961 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "29633114_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 76, 84 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29633114_MESH:D015179_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases" ], "offsets": [ [ 90, 124 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015179" } ] }, { "id": "29633114_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 217, 225 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29633114_MESH:D015179_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "colorectal cancer liver metastases" ], "offsets": [ [ 231, 265 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015179" } ] }, { "id": "29633114_MESH:D015179_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CRLM" ], "offsets": [ [ 267, 271 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015179" } ] }, { "id": "29633114_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 444, 452 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29633114_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 653, 661 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29633114_MESH:D015179_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CRLM" ], "offsets": [ [ 689, 693 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015179" } ] }, { "id": "29633114_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 950, 958 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29633114_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1277, 1285 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29633114_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1572, 1580 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29633114_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1733, 1741 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29633114_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1813, 1821 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "19848382_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Substituted heterocyclic naphthalene diimides with unexpected acidity. Synthesis, properties, and reactivity." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 109 ] ] }, { "id": "19848382_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Naphthalene bisimides (NDIs) with a heterocyclic 1,4-dihydro-2,3-pyrazinedione moiety have been synthesized from both 2,6-dibromonaphthalene and 2,3,6,7-tetrabromonaphthalene bisanhydrides by means of a stepwise protocol including imidization, nucleophilic displacement of the bromine atoms by ethane-1,2-diamine, in situ reductive dehalogenation, and further oxidation. These heterocycles (R = n-pentyl, cyclohexyl) are yellow dyes with green emission in organic solvent, where the acid form dominates. The orange nonfluorescent conjugate base can be generated quantitatively by CH(3)COONBu(4) addition in DMSO, where it exhibits a pK(a) = 7.63. The conjugate base becomes the only detectable species (by UV-vis spectroscopy), in water solution, even under acid conditions (pH 1). In aqueous DMSO the acid/base equilibrium is a function of the DMSO/water ratio. The unexpected acidity of these heterocyclic NDIs, which justifies the reactivity with CH(2)N(2), has been rationalized by DFT computational means [PBE0/6-31+G(d,p)] in aqueous solvent (PCM models) as a result of a strong specific solvation effect, modeled by the inclusion of three water molecules." ], "offsets": [ [ 110, 1272 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "19848382_-_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Substituted heterocyclic naphthalene diimides" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 45 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "19848382_-_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Naphthalene bisimides" ], "offsets": [ [ 110, 131 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "19848382_-_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "1,4-dihydro-2,3-pyrazinedione" ], "offsets": [ [ 159, 188 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "19848382_-_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "2,6-dibromonaphthalene" ], "offsets": [ [ 228, 250 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "19848382_-_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "2,3,6,7-tetrabromonaphthalene bisanhydrides" ], "offsets": [ [ 255, 298 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "19848382_MESH:D001966_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "bromine" ], "offsets": [ [ 387, 394 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001966" } ] }, { "id": "19848382_MESH:C031234_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ethane-1,2-diamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 404, 422 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C031234" } ] }, { "id": "19848382_MESH:D017827_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CH(3)COONBu" ], "offsets": [ [ 690, 701 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017827" } ] }, { "id": "19848382_MESH:D004121_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DMSO" ], "offsets": [ [ 717, 721 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004121" } ] }, { "id": "19848382_MESH:D014867_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 841, 846 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "19848382_MESH:D004121_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DMSO" ], "offsets": [ [ 903, 907 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004121" } ] }, { "id": "19848382_MESH:D004121_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DMSO" ], "offsets": [ [ 955, 959 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004121" } ] }, { "id": "19848382_MESH:D014867_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 960, 965 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "19848382_-_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CH(2)N" ], "offsets": [ [ 1060, 1066 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "19848382_MESH:D014867_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 1256, 1261 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "12892338_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Dentistry in the Department of Veterans Affairs." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 48 ] ] }, { "id": "12892338_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The dental mission of the Department of Veterans Affairs includes care, typically hospital care, developing an educated cadre of oral health care professionals, and research. Its innovations emphasize the local nature of care requirements, and it enjoys a tradition of partnering with other branches of the federal services, the American Dental Association, and education." ], "offsets": [ [ 49, 421 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "16896187_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Rapamycin at subimmunosuppressive levels inhibits mesangial cell proliferation and extracellular matrix production." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 115 ] ] }, { "id": "16896187_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "In view of its proven antiproliferative effects, rapamycin offers potential in the treatment of mesangioproliferative disease. Previous data have shown an effect of rapamycin on mesangial cell proliferation at high doses and have not explored the mechanism of action. Therefore, we explored the effects and mechanism of action of low levels of rapamycin on mesangial cell proliferation. Primary cultures of mouse mesangial cells were grown in medium containing serum with differing concentrations of rapamycin. A rapamycin concentration of 0.1 ng/ml caused a decrease in cell number and DNA synthesis with no effect on apoptosis. Type IV collagen protein production was inhibited at 0.01 ng/ml rapamycin, although gene expression was unaffected. P70S6K phosphorylation was inhibited in parallel with the effects on cell number and DNA synthesis in a dose-dependent manner, but no effect was seen at 0.01 ng/ml rapamycin. These data show an effect on mesangial cell proliferation and p70S6 kinase phosphorylation of 0.1 ng/ml rapamycin and an effect on collagen IV production of 0.01 ng/ml rapamycin. We suggest that further in vivo studies should explore the potential for low-dose rapamycin in the treatment of mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis." ], "offsets": [ [ 116, 1369 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "16896187_MESH:D020123_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Rapamycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 9 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020123" } ] }, { "id": "16896187_MESH:D020123_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "rapamycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 165, 174 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020123" } ] }, { "id": "16896187_MESH:D020123_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "rapamycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 281, 290 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020123" } ] }, { "id": "16896187_MESH:D020123_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "rapamycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 460, 469 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020123" } ] }, { "id": "16896187_10090_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 523, 528 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "16896187_MESH:D020123_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "rapamycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 616, 625 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020123" } ] }, { "id": "16896187_MESH:D020123_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "rapamycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 629, 638 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020123" } ] }, { "id": "16896187_MESH:D020123_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "rapamycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 810, 819 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020123" } ] }, { "id": "16896187_72508_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "P70S6K" ], "offsets": [ [ 862, 868 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "72508" } ] }, { "id": "16896187_MESH:D020123_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "rapamycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1026, 1035 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020123" } ] }, { "id": "16896187_MESH:D020123_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "rapamycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1141, 1150 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020123" } ] }, { "id": "16896187_MESH:D020123_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "rapamycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1205, 1214 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020123" } ] }, { "id": "16896187_MESH:D020123_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "rapamycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1298, 1307 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020123" } ] }, { "id": "16896187_MESH:D005921_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "glomerulonephritis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1350, 1368 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005921" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31165126_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Tuning the fluorescence of calcium-discharged photoprotein obelin via mutating at the His22-Phe88-Trp92 triad - a QM/MM study." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 126 ] ] }, { "id": "31165126_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The fluorescence (FL) of calcium-discharged photoprotein (CaDP) can be altered by easily mutating CaDP without modifying coelenteramide (CLM), which is the decarboxylation product of coelenterazine in calcium-regulated photoprotein. The His22-Phe88-Trp92 triad (the ordering numbers of three amino acids are sorted by a crystal structure (PDB: 2F8P) of calcium-discharged obelin, i.e., CaDP-obelin) is closely related to CaDP-obelin FL, since it exists in close proximity to the 5-p-hydroxyphenyl of CLM. Therefore, it is important to thoroughly investigate how the mutations of this triad affect the emission color of CaDP-obelin FL. In this study, by mutating wild-type CaDP-obelin (WT) at the His22-Phe88-Trp92 triad, we theoretically constructed its nine mutants of separable FL colors. Through combined quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, the influence of the mutations of this triad on the CaDP-obelin FL was analyzed considering the H-bond effect and the charge effect. This study demonstrated that the mutations at the His22-Phe88-Trp92 triad redistribute the charges on the D-pi-A molecule, CLM, change the charge transfer from the D to the (pi + A) moiety, and thereby alter the FL emission. Appending more negative charges on the phenolate moiety of CLM benefits the FL redshift." ], "offsets": [ [ 127, 1485 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "31165126_MESH:D002118_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "calcium" ], "offsets": [ [ 27, 34 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002118" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_-_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "His22" ], "offsets": [ [ 86, 91 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_-_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Phe88" ], "offsets": [ [ 92, 97 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_-_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Trp92" ], "offsets": [ [ 98, 103 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_MESH:D002118_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "calcium" ], "offsets": [ [ 152, 159 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002118" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_MESH:C542661_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "coelenteramide" ], "offsets": [ [ 248, 262 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C542661" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_MESH:C542661_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CLM" ], "offsets": [ [ 264, 267 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C542661" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_MESH:C017144_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "coelenterazine" ], "offsets": [ [ 310, 324 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C017144" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_MESH:D002118_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "calcium" ], "offsets": [ [ 328, 335 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002118" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_-_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "His22" ], "offsets": [ [ 364, 369 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_-_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Phe88" ], "offsets": [ [ 370, 375 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_-_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Trp92" ], "offsets": [ [ 376, 381 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_MESH:D002118_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "calcium" ], "offsets": [ [ 480, 487 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002118" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_-_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CaDP" ], "offsets": [ [ 548, 552 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_-_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CaDP" ], "offsets": [ [ 799, 803 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_-_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "His22" ], "offsets": [ [ 823, 828 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_-_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Phe88" ], "offsets": [ [ 829, 834 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_-_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Trp92" ], "offsets": [ [ 835, 840 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_-_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "His22" ], "offsets": [ [ 1222, 1227 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_-_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Phe88" ], "offsets": [ [ 1228, 1233 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_-_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Trp92" ], "offsets": [ [ 1234, 1239 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_-_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "D-pi" ], "offsets": [ [ 1278, 1282 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_-_22", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "phenolate" ], "offsets": [ [ 1436, 1445 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "31165126_MESH:C542661_23", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CLM" ], "offsets": [ [ 1456, 1459 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C542661" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "17278543_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A new small-incision technique for injector implantation of transsclerally sutured foldable lenses." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 99 ] ] }, { "id": "17278543_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A new, minimally invasive technique for clear cornea implantation of one-piece acrylic posterior chamber lenses for transscleral suture fixation in aphakic eyes without capsular support is described. Based on the techniques of modern small-incision cataract surgery, implantation was performed through a self-sealing, 2.75-mm temporal clear cornea incision using the injector technique. This was possible by modifying the insertion of the lens into the cartridge and introducing a new suturing technique of the lens. Suturing of the leading haptic end was performed while the lens was still securely stored inside the cartridge. The trailing haptic was tied after implantation. By using a self-sealing tunnel incision and injector technique, significant fluid egress and consecutive transient hypotony may be minimized throughout the procedure and early visual rehabilitation achieved." ], "offsets": [ [ 100, 985 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "17278543_MESH:D000853_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "aphakic eyes" ], "offsets": [ [ 248, 260 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000853" } ] }, { "id": "17278543_MESH:D002386_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cataract" ], "offsets": [ [ 349, 357 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002386" } ] }, { "id": "17278543_MESH:D015814_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "transient hypotony" ], "offsets": [ [ 883, 901 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015814" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "8912335_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Influence of stimulation of the medial hypothalamus on the interaction of neurons of the rabbit neocortex." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 106 ] ] }, { "id": "8912335_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The interaction of neurons of the visual and sensory motor areas of the neocortex of the rabbit before and after stimulation of some medial nuclei of the hypothalamus was investigated by plotting cross- and autocorrelation histograms. Stimulation through bipolar electrodes using bursts of biphasic pulses at a frequency of 100 Hz, current strength 50-200 microA, led to the appearance in freely behaving rabbits of the reaction of avoidance of the place of stimulation. Following stimulation, as compared with resting wakefulness, the number of pairs of neurons functioning in correlation increased to 45%; at the same time, discharges of neurons of the sensory motor area ran ahead of discharges of visual neurons in the pairs up to 120 msec; the periodicity of the coupled discharges was mainly in the theta frequency range. A conclusion regarding the reflection of defense motivation in certain indices of the interaction of the cortical cells in the presence of a tonic conditioned reflex is reached on the basis of a comparison of the interaction of neurons following stimulation of the medial hypothalamus and the midbrain reticular formation, in the intersignal periods during the development of a defense conditioned reflex as well." ], "offsets": [ [ 107, 1348 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "8912335_MESH:D007029_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypothalamus" ], "offsets": [ [ 39, 51 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007029" } ] }, { "id": "8912335_MESH:D007029_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypothalamus" ], "offsets": [ [ 261, 273 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007029" } ] }, { "id": "8912335_9986_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rabbits" ], "offsets": [ [ 512, 519 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9986" } ] }, { "id": "8912335_MESH:D007029_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypothalamus" ], "offsets": [ [ 1207, 1219 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007029" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31082969_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Chronic Calcineurin Inhibition via Cyclosporine A Impairs Visuospatial Learning After Isoflurane Anesthesia." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 108 ] ] }, { "id": "31082969_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Clinical studies implicate the perioperative period in cognitive complications, and increasing experimental evidence shows that the anesthetic agents can affect neuronal processes that underpin learning and memory. Calcineurin, a Ca-dependent phosphatase critically involved in synaptic plasticity, is activated after isoflurane exposure, but its role in the neurological response to anesthesia is unclear. METHODS: We investigated the effect of chronic calcineurin inhibition on postanesthetic cognitive function. Mice were treated with 30 minutes of isoflurane anesthesia during a chronic cyclosporine A regimen. Behavioral end points during the perianesthesia period were quantified. Visuospatial learning was assessed with the water radial arm maze. Total and biotinylated surface protein expression of the alpha5beta3gamma2 gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptors was measured. Expression of the GABA synthesis enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (GAD)-67 was also measured. RESULTS: Mice treated with cyclosporine A before anesthesia showed significant deficits in visuospatial learning compared to sham and cyclosporine A-treated mice (n = 10 per group, P = .0152, Tukey post hoc test). Induction and emergence were unaltered by cyclosporine A. Analysis of hippocampal protein expression revealed an increased surface expression of the alpha5 GABA type A receptor subunit after isoflurane treatment (P = .019, Dunnett post hoc testing), as well as a decrease in GAD-67 expression. Cyclosporine A did not rescue either effect. CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirm the work of others that isoflurane induces changes to inhibitory network function and exclude calcineurin inhibition via cyclosporine A as an intervention. Further, our studies suggest that calcineurin mediates a protective role in the neurological response to anesthesia, and patients receiving cyclosporine A may be an at-risk group for memory problems related to anesthesia." ], "offsets": [ [ 109, 2067 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "31082969_MESH:D016572_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Cyclosporine A" ], "offsets": [ [ 35, 49 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016572" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D007530_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Isoflurane" ], "offsets": [ [ 86, 96 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007530" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D003072_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cognitive complications" ], "offsets": [ [ 176, 199 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003072" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D007530_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "isoflurane" ], "offsets": [ [ 439, 449 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007530" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_10090_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 636, 640 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D007530_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "isoflurane" ], "offsets": [ [ 673, 683 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007530" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D016572_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cyclosporine A" ], "offsets": [ [ 712, 726 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016572" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D014867_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 852, 857 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D005680_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "gamma-aminobutyric acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 950, 973 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005680" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D005680_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "GABA" ], "offsets": [ [ 975, 979 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005680" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D005680_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "GABA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1030, 1034 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005680" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D018698_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glutamate" ], "offsets": [ [ 1052, 1061 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018698" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_10090_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 1113, 1117 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D016572_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cyclosporine A" ], "offsets": [ [ 1131, 1145 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016572" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D000377_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "deficits in visuospatial learning" ], "offsets": [ [ 1183, 1216 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000377" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D016572_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cyclosporine A" ], "offsets": [ [ 1238, 1252 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016572" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_10090_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 1261, 1265 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D016572_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cyclosporine A" ], "offsets": [ [ 1360, 1374 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016572" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D005680_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "GABA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1474, 1478 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005680" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D007530_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "isoflurane" ], "offsets": [ [ 1509, 1519 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007530" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D016572_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Cyclosporine A" ], "offsets": [ [ 1612, 1626 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016572" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D007530_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "isoflurane" ], "offsets": [ [ 1714, 1724 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007530" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D016572_22", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cyclosporine A" ], "offsets": [ [ 1811, 1825 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016572" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_9606_23", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1967, 1975 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "31082969_MESH:D016572_24", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cyclosporine A" ], "offsets": [ [ 1986, 2000 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016572" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "24417837_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The i-Laparotrainer." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 20 ] ] }, { "id": "24417837_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 21, 21 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35398806_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Potassium ferrate combined with ultrafiltration for treating secondary effluent: Efficient removal of antibiotic resistance genes and membrane fouling alleviation." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 163 ] ] }, { "id": "35398806_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are considered as emerging environmental contaminants, which should be controlled by wastewater treatment plants to prevent their discharge into the environment. However, conventional treatment techniques generally fail to successfully reduce ARGs, and the release of cell-free ARGs was underestimated. In this study, potassium ferrate (Fe(VI)) pretreatment combined with ultrafiltration (UF) process was developed to remove both cell-associated and cell-free ARGs in real secondary effluent, compared to ferric chloride (Fe(III)) and poly-aluminum chloride (PACl) pretreatment processes. It was found that total ARGs especially cell-free ARGs were effectively removed by Fe(VI) oxidation. However, due to the poor settleability of the negatively charged particles formed by Fe(VI) in the secondary effluent, the removal of cell-associated ARGs was less compared to Fe(III) and PACl pretreatments. The combination of Fe(VI) and UF removed the most ARGs (3.26 - 5.01 logs) due to the efficient removal of cell-free ARGs by Fe(VI) (> 2.15 logs) and co-interception of both cell-associated ARGs and Fe(VI) formed particles of the UF. High-throughput sequencing revealed that Fe(VI) decreased the viability and relative abundances of the potential ARGs hosts. Fe(VI)-UF exhibited the best performance on humic-like fluorescent organic matters removal, as well as the least phytotoxicity in the effluent. Moreover, membrane fouling was remarkably alleviated by Fe(VI) pretreatment because (1) Fe(VI) removed macromolecules such as protein-like and polysaccharide-like substances which would block the membrane pores, (2) Fe(VI) improved the hydrophilicity of foulants and reduced the hydrophobic adsorption between foulants and membrane. In short, Fe(VI)-UF is a promising technology to efficiently remove ARGs (especially cell-free ARGs) and alleviate UF membrane fouling in wastewater reclamation." ], "offsets": [ [ 164, 2093 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "35398806_MESH:C044384_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Potassium ferrate" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 17 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C044384" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARGs" ], "offsets": [ [ 442, 446 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARGs" ], "offsets": [ [ 477, 481 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_MESH:C044384_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "potassium ferrate" ], "offsets": [ [ 517, 534 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C044384" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Fe(VI)" ], "offsets": [ [ 536, 542 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARGs" ], "offsets": [ [ 659, 663 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_MESH:C024555_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ferric chloride" ], "offsets": [ [ 704, 719 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C024555" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Fe(III)" ], "offsets": [ [ 721, 728 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_MESH:C016213_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "poly-aluminum chloride" ], "offsets": [ [ 734, 756 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C016213" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_MESH:C016213_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PACl" ], "offsets": [ [ 758, 762 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C016213" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARGs" ], "offsets": [ [ 812, 816 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARGs" ], "offsets": [ [ 838, 842 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_MESH:D007501_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Fe" ], "offsets": [ [ 871, 873 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007501" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Fe(VI)" ], "offsets": [ [ 974, 980 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARGs" ], "offsets": [ [ 1039, 1043 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Fe(III)" ], "offsets": [ [ 1065, 1072 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_MESH:C016213_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PACl" ], "offsets": [ [ 1077, 1081 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C016213" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Fe(VI)" ], "offsets": [ [ 1116, 1122 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARGs" ], "offsets": [ [ 1147, 1151 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARGs" ], "offsets": [ [ 1213, 1217 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Fe(VI)" ], "offsets": [ [ 1221, 1227 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARGs" ], "offsets": [ [ 1286, 1290 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_22", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Fe(VI)" ], "offsets": [ [ 1295, 1301 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_23", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Fe(VI)" ], "offsets": [ [ 1371, 1377 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_24", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARGs" ], "offsets": [ [ 1443, 1447 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_25", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Fe(VI)-UF" ], "offsets": [ [ 1455, 1464 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_26", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Fe(VI)" ], "offsets": [ [ 1655, 1661 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_27", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Fe(VI)" ], "offsets": [ [ 1687, 1693 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_28", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Fe(VI)" ], "offsets": [ [ 1815, 1821 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_29", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Fe(VI)-UF" ], "offsets": [ [ 1942, 1951 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_30", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARGs" ], "offsets": [ [ 2000, 2004 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35398806_-_31", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARGs" ], "offsets": [ [ 2027, 2031 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6215603_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A modern approach to prevention and treatment of oral bleeding in patients with hepatocellular disease." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 103 ] ] }, { "id": "6215603_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Dental treatment for patients with hepatocellular disease constitutes a very complex problem because of their severe bleeding tendency. It seems that bleeding from the oral structures follows organ-specific patterns. The use of systemically administered antifibrinolytic agents, together with the local use of Gelfoam, cyanoacrylate spray, and intraligamentary anesthesia make possible bleeding-inducing procedures without exaggerated hemorrhage. This approach avoids the need for transfusion and hospitalization for dental treatment, making such treatment cheaper and more accessible." ], "offsets": [ [ 104, 689 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "6215603_MESH:D006470_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "oral bleeding" ], "offsets": [ [ 49, 62 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006470" } ] }, { "id": "6215603_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 66, 74 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "6215603_MESH:D006528_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hepatocellular disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 80, 102 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006528" } ] }, { "id": "6215603_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 125, 133 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "6215603_MESH:D006528_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hepatocellular disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 139, 161 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006528" } ] }, { "id": "6215603_MESH:D006470_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bleeding" ], "offsets": [ [ 221, 229 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006470" } ] }, { "id": "6215603_MESH:D006470_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bleeding" ], "offsets": [ [ 254, 262 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006470" } ] }, { "id": "6215603_MESH:D003487_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cyanoacrylate" ], "offsets": [ [ 423, 436 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003487" } ] }, { "id": "6215603_MESH:D006470_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bleeding" ], "offsets": [ [ 490, 498 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006470" } ] }, { "id": "6215603_MESH:D006470_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hemorrhage" ], "offsets": [ [ 539, 549 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006470" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "10766891_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Accumulation of NACP/alpha-synuclein in lewy body disease and multiple system atrophy." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 86 ] ] }, { "id": "10766891_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVES: NACP/alpha-synuclein is an aetiological gene product in familial Parkinson's disease. To clarify the pathological role of NACP/alpha-synuclein in sporadic Parkinson's disease and other related disorders including diffuse Lewy body disease (DLBD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA), paraffin sections were examined immunocytochemically using anti-NACP/alpha-synuclein antibodies. METHODS: A total of 58 necropsied brains, from seven patients with Parkinson's disease, five with DLBD, six with MSA, 12 with Alzheimer's disease, one with Down's syndrome, one with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), three with ALS and dementia, one with Huntington's disease, two with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), one with Pick's disease, one with myotonic dystrophy, and three with late cerebellar cortical atrophy (LCCA), and 15 elderly normal controls were examined. RESULTS: In addition to immunoreactive Lewy bodies, widespread accumulation of NACP/alpha-synuclein was found in neurons and astrocytes from the brainstem and basal ganglia to the cerebral cortices in Parkinson's disease/DLBD. NACP/alpha-synuclein accumulates in oligodendrocytes from the spinal cord, the brain stem to the cerebellar white matter, and inferior olivary neurons in MSA. These widespread accumulations were not seen in other types of dementia or spinocerebellar ataxia. CONCLUSION: Completely different types of NACP/alpha-synuclein accumulation in Parkinson's disease/DLBD and MSA suggest that accumulation is a major step in the pathological cascade of both diseases and provides novel strategies for the development of therapies." ], "offsets": [ [ 87, 1706 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "10766891_6622_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "NACP" ], "offsets": [ [ 16, 20 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6622" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_6622_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "alpha-synuclein" ], "offsets": [ [ 21, 36 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6622" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D020961_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lewy body disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 40, 57 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020961" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D012791_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "multiple system atrophy" ], "offsets": [ [ 62, 85 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012791" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_6622_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "NACP" ], "offsets": [ [ 99, 103 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6622" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_6622_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "alpha-synuclein" ], "offsets": [ [ 104, 119 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6622" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D010300_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "familial Parkinson's disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 155, 183 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010300" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_6622_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "NACP" ], "offsets": [ [ 221, 225 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6622" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_6622_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "alpha-synuclein" ], "offsets": [ [ 226, 241 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6622" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D010300_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Parkinson's disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 254, 273 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010300" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D020961_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Lewy body disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 320, 337 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020961" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D001284_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "atrophy" ], "offsets": [ [ 365, 372 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001284" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D012791_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "MSA" ], "offsets": [ [ 374, 377 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012791" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D010232_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "paraffin" ], "offsets": [ [ 380, 388 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010232" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_6622_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "NACP" ], "offsets": [ [ 444, 448 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6622" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_6622_15", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "alpha-synuclein" ], "offsets": [ [ 449, 464 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6622" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_9606_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 530, 538 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D010300_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Parkinson's disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 544, 563 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010300" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D012791_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "MSA" ], "offsets": [ [ 590, 593 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012791" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D000544_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Alzheimer's disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 603, 622 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000544" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D000690_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "amyotrophic lateral sclerosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 659, 688 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000690" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D000690_21", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ALS" ], "offsets": [ [ 690, 693 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000690" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D000690_22", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ALS" ], "offsets": [ [ 707, 710 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000690" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D003704_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 715, 723 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D006816_24", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Huntington's disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 734, 754 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006816" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D013494_25", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "progressive supranuclear palsy" ], "offsets": [ [ 765, 795 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013494" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D013494_26", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PSP" ], "offsets": [ [ 797, 800 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013494" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_9463_27", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Pick" ], "offsets": [ [ 812, 816 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "9463" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D009223_28", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myotonic dystrophy" ], "offsets": [ [ 837, 855 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009223" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D002526_29", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "late cerebellar cortical atrophy" ], "offsets": [ [ 872, 904 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002526" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D002526_30", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "LCCA" ], "offsets": [ [ 906, 910 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002526" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_6622_31", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "NACP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1038, 1042 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6622" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_6622_32", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "alpha-synuclein" ], "offsets": [ [ 1043, 1058 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6622" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D010300_33", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Parkinson's disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 1160, 1179 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010300" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_6622_34", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "NACP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1186, 1190 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6622" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_6622_35", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "alpha-synuclein" ], "offsets": [ [ 1191, 1206 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6622" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D012791_36", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "MSA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1340, 1343 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012791" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D003704_37", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1408, 1416 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D020754_38", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "spinocerebellar ataxia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1420, 1442 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020754" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_6622_39", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "NACP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1486, 1490 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6622" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_6622_40", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "alpha-synuclein" ], "offsets": [ [ 1491, 1506 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6622" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D010300_41", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Parkinson's disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 1523, 1542 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010300" } ] }, { "id": "10766891_MESH:D012791_42", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "MSA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1552, 1555 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012791" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "545102_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Methohexital clearance in patients with acute hepatitis (author's transl)]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 76 ] ] }, { "id": "545102_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Pharmacokinetics of methohexital were studied in patients with acute hepatitis and after a treatment period either with \"essential phospholipids\" or phenobarbital. During the acute phase the distribution of methohexital was significantly altered. No change had been observed in the methohexital clearance. During remission the distribution of methohexital was in a normal range. After treatment with phenobarbital the methohexital clearance increased significantly whereas no change was observed after treatment with \"essential phospholipids\"." ], "offsets": [ [ 77, 620 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "545102_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 27, 35 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "545102_MESH:D017114_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "acute hepatitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 41, 56 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017114" } ] }, { "id": "545102_MESH:D008723_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "methohexital" ], "offsets": [ [ 97, 109 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008723" } ] }, { "id": "545102_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 126, 134 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "545102_MESH:D056486_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hepatitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 146, 155 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056486" } ] }, { "id": "545102_MESH:D010743_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "phospholipids" ], "offsets": [ [ 208, 221 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010743" } ] }, { "id": "545102_MESH:D010634_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "phenobarbital" ], "offsets": [ [ 226, 239 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010634" } ] }, { "id": "545102_MESH:D008723_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "methohexital" ], "offsets": [ [ 284, 296 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008723" } ] }, { "id": "545102_MESH:D008723_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "methohexital" ], "offsets": [ [ 420, 432 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008723" } ] }, { "id": "545102_MESH:D010634_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "phenobarbital" ], "offsets": [ [ 477, 490 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010634" } ] }, { "id": "545102_MESH:D008723_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "methohexital" ], "offsets": [ [ 495, 507 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008723" } ] }, { "id": "545102_MESH:D010743_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "phospholipids" ], "offsets": [ [ 605, 618 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010743" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "19608317_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Pesticide transport via sub-surface drains in Europe." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 53 ] ] }, { "id": "19608317_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Transport of pesticides from point of application via sub-surface drains can contribute significantly to contamination of surface waters. Results of 23 field drainage experiments undertaken at sites across Europe were collated and analysed by residual maximum likelihood. Both maximum concentration of pesticide in drainflow (n = 167) and seasonal loss of pesticide to drains (n = 97) were significantly related to strength of pesticide sorption to soil, half-life of the pesticide in soil, the interval between application and first drainflow and the clay content of the soil. The statistical models accounted for 71% of the variability in both maximum concentration and seasonal load. Next, the dataset was used to evaluate the current methodology for assessment of aquatic exposure used in pesticide registration in Europe. Simulations for seven compounds with contrasting properties showed a good correspondence with field measurements. Finally, the review examines management approaches to reduce pesticide transport via sub-surface drains. Despite a large amount of work in this area, there are few dependable mitigation options other than to change application rate or timing or to restrict use of a compound in the most vulnerable situations." ], "offsets": [ [ 54, 1304 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "14786220_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Syndrome of hypertonia of the bile ducts; disease of the cystic duct; disease of Oddi's sphincter; results of surgical therapy]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 129 ] ] }, { "id": "14786220_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 130, 130 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "14786220_MESH:D001649_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertonia of the bile ducts; disease of the cystic duct" ], "offsets": [ [ 13, 69 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001649" } ] }, { "id": "14786220_MESH:D046628_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Oddi's sphincter" ], "offsets": [ [ 82, 98 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D046628" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "24272275_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Ocular myasthenia gravis: controversies and updates." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 52 ] ] }, { "id": "24272275_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The majority of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) initially present with ocular symptoms. An unresolved question is whether there are clinical features at onset to guide clinicians to predict an individual patient's conversion risk from ocular MG (OMG) to generalized disease, or \"secondary generalized MG\" (SGMG), that is, a prognostic model. In light of the emerging theory that early corticosteroids may have a risk-modifying effect, the factors associated with secondary SGMG previously reported should be revisited. Studies showing potential risk-modifying effects of corticosteroids are useful, though flawed, owing to the heterogeneous retrospective studies and methods of reporting. Updates on other potential immunosuppressive agents are also discussed. Thymectomy in OMG has been recently reported in a few studies to be useful. MG associated with antibodies to muscle-specific kinase, usually associated with severe generalized MG, can cause a pure OMG syndrome. Recent serological developments in seronegative patients have also revealed antibodies to clustered anti-acetylcholine receptor and lipoprotein receptor-related protein-4." ], "offsets": [ [ 53, 1201 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "24272275_MESH:D009157_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Ocular myasthenia gravis" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 24 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009157" } ] }, { "id": "24272275_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 69, 77 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "24272275_MESH:D009157_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myasthenia gravis" ], "offsets": [ [ 83, 100 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009157" } ] }, { "id": "24272275_MESH:D009157_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "MG" ], "offsets": [ [ 102, 104 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009157" } ] }, { "id": "24272275_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 262, 269 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "24272275_MESH:D009157_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "MG" ], "offsets": [ [ 300, 302 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009157" } ] }, { "id": "24272275_MESH:D009157_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "MG" ], "offsets": [ [ 359, 361 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009157" } ] }, { "id": "24272275_MESH:D009157_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "MG" ], "offsets": [ [ 895, 897 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009157" } ] }, { "id": "24272275_MESH:D009157_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "MG" ], "offsets": [ [ 995, 997 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009157" } ] }, { "id": "24272275_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1078, 1086 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "24272275_MESH:D000109_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "acetylcholine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1135, 1148 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000109" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "11715459_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Effects of hypotension induced by isoflurane on hemodynamics and plasma beta 2 microglobulins and creatinine during cerebral aneurysm operation]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 146 ] ] }, { "id": "11715459_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of isoflurane-induced hypotension on the hemodynamics and the changes of plasma beta 2 microglobulins and creatine during cerebral aneurysm operation. METHODS: Thirty-two cerebral anuerysm patients were operated under general anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced with droperidol, fentayl, sodium pentothal and pavolon intravenously. After tracheal intubation, the isoflurane was inhalated to maintain anesthesia. The concentration of isoflurane was elevated to reduce MAP by 30%-40% during dissection and occlusion of tumor and the level maintained for 30-45 min. Hemodynamic values were measured with Swan-Ganz technique. The hemodynamic parameters(CO, CI, SV, SI, SVR, LVSWI, RVSWI, CVP, CPP, RPP and HR) which were measured with Swan-Ganz technique before, during and after isoflurane-induced hypotension were compared. Blood samples were drawn in given time intervals to determine the concentration of plasma beta 2 Microglobulins(beta 2 MG) by radioimmunoassay. Changes in hemodynamics and the plasma beta 2 MG and creatinine (Cr) after deliberate hypotension of isoflurane were recorded at the same time. RESULTS: No significant changes of CO, CI, SV, SI, RVSWI, CVP, HR and ECG tracing were observed during hypotension (P > 0.05). SVR, PVR, LVSWI, Cpp and Rpp were significantly decreased during hypotension (P < 0.05), but the risk of myocardial ischemia and deoxygenation was not increased. No effect was found on the plasma beta 2 MG and Cr during isoflurane-induced hypotension in patients undergoing cerebral aneurysm cling operation. CONCLUSION: Hypotension induced by isoflurane during cerebral aneurysm operation is able to keep a good balance of myocardial oxygen delivery and consumption, and keep a good myocardial function." ], "offsets": [ [ 147, 1925 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "11715459_MESH:D007022_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypotension" ], "offsets": [ [ 12, 23 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007022" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D007530_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "isoflurane" ], "offsets": [ [ 35, 45 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007530" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_23545_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta 2" ], "offsets": [ [ 73, 79 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "23545" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D003404_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "creatinine" ], "offsets": [ [ 99, 109 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003404" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D002532_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cerebral aneurysm" ], "offsets": [ [ 117, 134 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002532" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D007530_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "isoflurane" ], "offsets": [ [ 188, 198 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007530" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D007022_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypotension" ], "offsets": [ [ 207, 218 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007022" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_23545_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta 2" ], "offsets": [ [ 265, 271 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "23545" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D003401_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "creatine" ], "offsets": [ [ 291, 299 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003401" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D002532_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cerebral aneurysm" ], "offsets": [ [ 307, 324 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002532" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 374, 382 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D004329_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "droperidol" ], "offsets": [ [ 451, 461 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004329" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_-_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "fentayl" ], "offsets": [ [ 463, 470 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D013874_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sodium pentothal" ], "offsets": [ [ 472, 488 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013874" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_-_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "pavolon" ], "offsets": [ [ 493, 500 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D007530_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "isoflurane" ], "offsets": [ [ 547, 557 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007530" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D007530_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "isoflurane" ], "offsets": [ [ 617, 627 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007530" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D054059_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "occlusion of tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 688, 706 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D054059" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D007530_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "isoflurane" ], "offsets": [ [ 960, 970 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007530" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D007022_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypotension" ], "offsets": [ [ 979, 990 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007022" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D003404_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "creatinine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1203, 1213 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003404" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D003404_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Cr" ], "offsets": [ [ 1215, 1217 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003404" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D007022_22", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypotension" ], "offsets": [ [ 1236, 1247 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007022" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D007530_23", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "isoflurane" ], "offsets": [ [ 1251, 1261 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007530" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D007022_24", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypotension" ], "offsets": [ [ 1397, 1408 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007022" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D007022_25", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypotension" ], "offsets": [ [ 1486, 1497 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007022" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D003324_26", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myocardial ischemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1526, 1545 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003324" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D003404_27", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Cr" ], "offsets": [ [ 1631, 1633 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003404" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D007530_28", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "isoflurane" ], "offsets": [ [ 1641, 1651 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007530" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D007022_29", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypotension" ], "offsets": [ [ 1660, 1671 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007022" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_9606_30", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1675, 1683 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D002532_31", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cerebral aneurysm" ], "offsets": [ [ 1695, 1712 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002532" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D007022_32", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Hypotension" ], "offsets": [ [ 1742, 1753 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007022" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D007530_33", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "isoflurane" ], "offsets": [ [ 1765, 1775 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007530" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D002532_34", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cerebral aneurysm" ], "offsets": [ [ 1783, 1800 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002532" } ] }, { "id": "11715459_MESH:D010100_35", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 1856, 1862 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "4817076_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Potato spindle tuber viroid. XI. A comparison of the ultraviolet light sensitivities of PSTV, tobacco ringspot virus, and its satellite." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 136 ] ] }, { "id": "4817076_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 137, 137 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "4817076_12892_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Potato spindle tuber viroid" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 27 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "12892" } ] }, { "id": "4817076_12892_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "PSTV" ], "offsets": [ [ 88, 92 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "12892" } ] }, { "id": "4817076_12282_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "tobacco ringspot virus" ], "offsets": [ [ 94, 116 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "12282" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "25852784_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Study on bayes discriminant analysis of EEG data." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 49 ] ] }, { "id": "25852784_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: In this paper, we have done Bayes Discriminant analysis to EEG data of experiment objects which are recorded impersonally come up with a relatively accurate method used in feature extraction and classification decisions. METHODS: In accordance with the strength of alpha wave, the head electrodes are divided into four species. In use of part of 21 electrodes EEG data of 63 people, we have done Bayes Discriminant analysis to EEG data of six objects. Results In use of part of EEG data of 63 people, we have done Bayes Discriminant analysis, the electrode classification accuracy rates is 64.4%. CONCLUSIONS: Bayes Discriminant has higher prediction accuracy, EEG features (mainly alphawave) extract more accurate. Bayes Discriminant would be better applied to the feature extraction and classification decisions of EEG data." ], "offsets": [ [ 50, 887 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "25852784_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "people" ], "offsets": [ [ 436, 442 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "25852784_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "people" ], "offsets": [ [ 554, 560 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31717860_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The Role of Gut-Derived Microbial Antigens on Liver Fibrosis Initiation and Progression." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 88 ] ] }, { "id": "31717860_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Intestinal dysbiosis has recently become known as an important driver of gastrointestinal and liver disease. It remains poorly understood, however, how gastrointestinal microbes bypass the intestinal mucosa and enter systemic circulation to enact an inflammatory immune response. In the context of chronic liver disease (CLD), insults that drive hepatic inflammation and fibrogenesis (alcohol, fat) can drastically increase intestinal permeability, hence flooding the liver with gut-derived microbiota. Consequently, this may result in exacerbated liver inflammation and fibrosis through activation of liver-resident Kupffer and stellate cells by bacterial, viral, and fungal antigens transported to the liver via the portal vein. This review summarizes the current understanding of microbial translocation in CLD, the cell-specific hepatic response to intestinal antigens, and how this drives the development and progression of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. Further, we reviewed current and future therapies targeting intestinal permeability and the associated, potentially harmful anti-microbial immune response with respect to their potential in terms of limiting the development and progression of liver fibrosis and end-stage cirrhosis." ], "offsets": [ [ 89, 1335 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "31717860_MESH:D008103_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Liver Fibrosis Initiation" ], "offsets": [ [ 46, 71 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008103" } ] }, { "id": "31717860_MESH:D064806_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dysbiosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 100, 109 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064806" } ] }, { "id": "31717860_MESH:D005767_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gastrointestinal and liver disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 162, 196 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005767" } ] }, { "id": "31717860_MESH:D058625_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "chronic liver disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 387, 408 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D058625" } ] }, { "id": "31717860_MESH:D058625_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CLD" ], "offsets": [ [ 410, 413 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D058625" } ] }, { "id": "31717860_MESH:D056486_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hepatic inflammation" ], "offsets": [ [ 435, 455 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056486" } ] }, { "id": "31717860_MESH:D000438_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "alcohol" ], "offsets": [ [ 474, 481 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000438" } ] }, { "id": "31717860_MESH:D007249_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver inflammation" ], "offsets": [ [ 637, 655 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007249" } ] }, { "id": "31717860_MESH:D005355_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fibrosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 660, 668 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005355" } ] }, { "id": "31717860_MESH:D058625_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CLD" ], "offsets": [ [ 899, 902 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D058625" } ] }, { "id": "31717860_MESH:D056486_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hepatic inflammation" ], "offsets": [ [ 1018, 1038 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056486" } ] }, { "id": "31717860_MESH:D005355_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fibrosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1043, 1051 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005355" } ] }, { "id": "31717860_MESH:D008103_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver fibrosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1296, 1310 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008103" } ] }, { "id": "31717860_MESH:D005355_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cirrhosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1325, 1334 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005355" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18043690_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Thorough QT study with recommended and supratherapeutic doses of tolterodine." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 77 ] ] }, { "id": "18043690_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 78, 78 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "18043690_MESH:D000068737_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "tolterodine" ], "offsets": [ [ 65, 76 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000068737" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "17352784_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Early intervention in psychosis: a rural perspective." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 53 ] ] }, { "id": "17352784_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Over the past decade, there has been great interest in both the development and delivery of early intervention in psychosis services in the United Kingdom, supported by national policy and a Policy Implementation Guide (PIG). Despite this, the PIG fails to distinguish the delivery of early intervention services to different population groups. The paper aims to augment available literature with the range of complex issues that practitioners may face when working in rural settings and link this to the development of early intervention services in rural communities. This paper will also outline some of the fundamental factors that challenge delivery of early intervention to individuals with a first episode of psychosis and their families in rural communities. Important key areas for consideration will be highlighted for both the planning and delivery of early intervention to rural communities." ], "offsets": [ [ 54, 957 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "17352784_MESH:D011605_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "psychosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 22, 31 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011605" } ] }, { "id": "17352784_MESH:D011605_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "psychosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 168, 177 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011605" } ] }, { "id": "17352784_9823_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "PIG" ], "offsets": [ [ 274, 277 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9823" } ] }, { "id": "17352784_9823_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "PIG" ], "offsets": [ [ 298, 301 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9823" } ] }, { "id": "17352784_MESH:D011605_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "psychosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 770, 779 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011605" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "27323286_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A biologically-assisted curved muscle model of the lumbar spine: Model structure." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 81 ] ] }, { "id": "27323286_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Biomechanical models have been developed to assess the spine tissue loads of individuals. However, most models have assumed trunk muscle lines of action as straight-lines, which might be less reliable during occupational tasks that require complex lumbar motions. The objective of this study was to describe the model structure and underlying logic of a biologically-assisted curved muscle model of the lumbar spine. METHODS: The developed model structure including curved muscle geometry, separation of active and passive muscle forces, and personalization of muscle properties was described. An example of the model procedure including data collection, personalization, and data evaluation was also illustrated. FINDINGS: Three-dimensional curved muscle geometry was developed based on a predictive model using magnetic resonance imaging and anthropometric measures to personalize the model for each individual. Calibration algorithms were able to reverse-engineer personalized muscle properties to calculate active and passive muscle forces of each individual. INTERPRETATION: This biologically-assisted curved muscle model will significantly increase the accuracy of spinal tissue load predictions for the entire lumbar spine during complex dynamic occupational tasks. Personalized active and passive muscle force algorithms will help to more robustly investigate person-specific muscle forces and spinal tissue loads." ], "offsets": [ [ 82, 1516 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "4859058_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Plasma levels, elimination and cumulation of proscillaridin in renal failure (author's transl)]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 97 ] ] }, { "id": "4859058_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 98, 98 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "4859058_MESH:D011442_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "proscillaridin" ], "offsets": [ [ 46, 60 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011442" } ] }, { "id": "4859058_MESH:D051437_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "renal failure" ], "offsets": [ [ 64, 77 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051437" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "32822521_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Prevalence and characteristics of portopulmonary hypertension in cirrhotic patients who underwent both hepatic vein and pulmonary artery catheterization." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 153 ] ] }, { "id": "32822521_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Portopulmonary hypertension (PoPH) is a well-known complication of liver cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to clarify the pulmonary hemodynamics and the prevalence and characteristics of PoPH in patients with portal hypertension. METHODS: The subjects were 335 patients with portal hypertension diagnosed by hepatic vein pressure gradient (HVPG). Among them, 186 patients received measurements of pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). PoPH was diagnosed by PAP >20 mmHg, PVR >=3 Wood units (WU) and PAWP <=15 mmHg. RESULTS: The Child-Pugh classification was class A in 53, B in 92 and C in 41 patients. Median (range) values of HVPG, PAP, PVR and PAWP were 18.4 (5.5-39.0) mmHg, 12.9 (6.6-40.8) mmHg, 0.8 (0.1-4.5) WU and 7.5 (2.2-15.4) mmHg, respectively. Of six patients with PAP >20 mmHg, four had autoimmune hepatitis or primary biliary cholangitis, with the prevalence being significantly higher than that in patients with PAP <=20 mmHg. Meanwhile, no significant difference was noted in the hepatic functional reserve or HVPG between patients with PAP >20 mmHg and <=20 mmHg. Only two patients met the diagnostic criteria of PoPH and both patients were Child-Pugh B. The Child-Pugh score and HVPG were not associated with PoPH. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that only two patients were complicated by PoPH. High PAP values were noted in patients with primary biliary cholangitis or autoimmune hepatitis. However, the presence of PoPH and high PAP were not associated with the degree of hepatic functional reserve or HVPG." ], "offsets": [ [ 154, 1765 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "32822521_MESH:D006973_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertension" ], "offsets": [ [ 49, 61 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 75, 83 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D056486_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hepatic vein" ], "offsets": [ [ 103, 115 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056486" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D000071079_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pulmonary artery" ], "offsets": [ [ 120, 136 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000071079" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D006973_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertension" ], "offsets": [ [ 169, 181 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D008103_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver cirrhosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 221, 236 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008103" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 352, 360 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D006973_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertension" ], "offsets": [ [ 373, 385 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 418, 426 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D006973_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertension" ], "offsets": [ [ 439, 451 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D056486_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hepatic vein" ], "offsets": [ [ 465, 477 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056486" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 520, 528 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D006973_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pulmonary artery pressure" ], "offsets": [ [ 554, 579 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D006973_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PAP" ], "offsets": [ [ 581, 584 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D000071079_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pulmonary artery" ], "offsets": [ [ 587, 603 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000071079" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D006973_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PAP" ], "offsets": [ [ 689, 692 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_9606_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Child" ], "offsets": [ [ 760, 765 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_9606_17", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 825, 833 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D006973_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PAP" ], "offsets": [ [ 866, 869 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_9606_19", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 996, 1004 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D006973_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PAP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1010, 1013 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D008105_21", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "autoimmune hepatitis or primary biliary cholangitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1033, 1084 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008105" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_9606_22", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1146, 1154 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D006973_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PAP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1160, 1163 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_9606_24", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1272, 1280 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D006973_25", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PAP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1286, 1289 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_9606_26", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1323, 1331 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_9606_27", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1377, 1385 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_9606_28", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Child" ], "offsets": [ [ 1391, 1396 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_9606_29", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Child" ], "offsets": [ [ 1409, 1414 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_9606_30", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1516, 1524 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D006973_31", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PAP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1556, 1559 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_9606_32", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1581, 1589 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D008105_33", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "primary biliary cholangitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1595, 1622 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008105" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D019693_34", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "autoimmune hepatitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1626, 1646 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019693" } ] }, { "id": "32822521_MESH:D006973_35", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PAP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1687, 1690 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20555207_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The heterogeneous photo-Fenton reaction using goethite as catalyst." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 67 ] ] }, { "id": "20555207_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "In the present work the degradation of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) used as model compound, applying the Heterogeneous photo-Fenton reaction, was studied. Small particles of goethite or iron oxyhydroxide were used as a source of iron. The influence of catalyst loading, radiation intensity and the molar ratio between hydrogen peroxide and contaminant were examined. Improvement by illumination is highly significant. During the progress of 2-CP degradation, the reaction shows an unusual acceleration. This autocatalytic comportment, with stronger tendencies at higher temperatures, implies a completely different behaviour from the one typically expected. The autocatalytic performance is successfully explained by the joint action of two factors: (i) the evolution of the available iron in the homogeneous phase during the course of the reaction and (ii) the autocatalytic contribution of some of the reaction intermediates in the iron cycle. The small iron concentration leaching into the solution is produced by two typical liquid medium - solid goethite surface dissolution processes. A reaction mechanism has been proposed and, in a first stage, parameters have been obtained for the dark reaction. In a second step, the complete data for the irradiated operation were obtained." ], "offsets": [ [ 68, 1346 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "20555207_MESH:C094886_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "goethite" ], "offsets": [ [ 46, 54 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C094886" } ] }, { "id": "20555207_MESH:C030683_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "2-chlorophenol" ], "offsets": [ [ 107, 121 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C030683" } ] }, { "id": "20555207_MESH:C030683_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "2-CP" ], "offsets": [ [ 123, 127 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C030683" } ] }, { "id": "20555207_MESH:C094886_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "goethite" ], "offsets": [ [ 235, 243 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C094886" } ] }, { "id": "20555207_MESH:C021024_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "iron oxyhydroxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 247, 264 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C021024" } ] }, { "id": "20555207_MESH:D007501_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "iron" ], "offsets": [ [ 290, 294 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007501" } ] }, { "id": "20555207_MESH:D006861_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "hydrogen peroxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 379, 396 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006861" } ] }, { "id": "20555207_MESH:C030683_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "2-CP" ], "offsets": [ [ 502, 506 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C030683" } ] }, { "id": "20555207_MESH:D007501_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "iron" ], "offsets": [ [ 846, 850 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007501" } ] }, { "id": "20555207_MESH:D007501_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "iron" ], "offsets": [ [ 995, 999 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007501" } ] }, { "id": "20555207_MESH:D007501_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "iron" ], "offsets": [ [ 1017, 1021 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007501" } ] }, { "id": "20555207_MESH:C094886_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "goethite" ], "offsets": [ [ 1112, 1120 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C094886" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "5586542_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Analysis of sorbose resistance in Neurospora crassa in heterokaryons of sorbose resistant mutants; contribution to the genetics of active transport]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 150 ] ] }, { "id": "5586542_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 151, 151 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "5586542_MESH:D013013_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sorbose" ], "offsets": [ [ 13, 20 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013013" } ] }, { "id": "5586542_5141_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Neurospora crassa" ], "offsets": [ [ 35, 52 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "5141" } ] }, { "id": "5586542_MESH:D013013_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sorbose" ], "offsets": [ [ 73, 80 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013013" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "11865883_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "No-suicide contracts: an overview and recommendations." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 54 ] ] }, { "id": "11865883_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "No-suicide contracts, in their various forms, can deepen commitment to a positive action, strengthen the therapeutic alliance, facilitate communication, lower anxiety, aid assessment, and document precautions. Conversely, they can anger or inhibit the client, introduce coercion into therapy, be used disingenuously, and induce false security in the clinician. Research on no-suicide contracts (frequency surveys, assessments of behavior after contracting, and opinions of users) has limitations common to naturalistic studies, and is now ready for more rigorous methods. Mental health professions should be trained to deal with suicidal individuals, including how to use no-suicide contracts. Good contracts are specific, individualized, collaborative, positive, context-sensitive, and copied. However, they are not a thorough assessment, a guarantee against legal liability, nor a substitute for a caring, sensitive therapeutic interaction. No-suicide contracts are no substitute for sound clinical judgment." ], "offsets": [ [ 55, 1065 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "11865883_MESH:D001007_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anxiety" ], "offsets": [ [ 214, 221 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001007" } ] }, { "id": "11865883_57379_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "aid" ], "offsets": [ [ 223, 226 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "57379" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "36168631_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Lgr5 + cell fate regulation by coordination of metabolic nuclear receptors during liver repair." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 95 ] ] }, { "id": "36168631_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Background: Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5) is a target gene of Wnt/beta-Catenin which plays a vital role in hepatic development and regeneration. However, the regulation of Lgr5 gene and the fate of Lgr5 + cells in hepatic physiology and pathology are little known. This study aims to clarify the effect of metabolic nuclear receptors on Lgr5 + cell fate in liver. Methods: We performed cell experiments with primary hepatocytes, Hep 1-6, Hep G2, and Huh 7 cells, and animal studies with wild-type (WT), farnesoid X receptor (FXR) knockout mice, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) knockout mice and Lgr5-CreERT2; Rosa26-mTmG mice. GW4064 and CDCA were used to activate FXR. And GW7647 or Wy14643 was used for PPARalpha activation. Regulation of Lgr5 by FXR and PPARalpha was determined by QRT-PCR, western blot (WB) and RNAscope in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunofluorescence (IF), luciferase reporter assay, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Diethyl 1,4-dihydro-2,4,6-trimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate (DDC) diet was used to induce liver injury. Results: Pharmacologic activation of FXR induced Lgr5 expression, whereas activation of PPARalpha suppressed Lgr5 expression. Furthermore, FXR and PPARalpha competed for binding to shared site on Lgr5 promoter with opposite transcriptional outputs. DDC diet triggered the transition of Lgr5 + cells from resting state to proliferation. FXR activation enhanced Lgr5 + cell expansion mainly by symmetric cell division, but PPARalpha activation prevented Lgr5 + cell proliferation along with asymmetric cell division. Conclusion: Our findings unravel the opposite regulatory effects of FXR and PPARalpha on Lgr5 + cell fate in liver under physiological and pathological conditions, which will greatly assist novel therapeutic development targeting nuclear receptors." ], "offsets": [ [ 96, 2027 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "36168631_8549_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Lgr5" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 4 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "8549" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_8549_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5" ], "offsets": [ [ 108, 167 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "8549" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_8549_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Lgr5" ], "offsets": [ [ 169, 173 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "8549" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_1499_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta-Catenin" ], "offsets": [ [ 199, 211 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1499" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_8549_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Lgr5" ], "offsets": [ [ 305, 309 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "8549" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_8549_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Lgr5" ], "offsets": [ [ 331, 335 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "8549" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_8549_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Lgr5" ], "offsets": [ [ 470, 474 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "8549" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_CVCL:8122_7", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "Hep 1-6" ], "offsets": [ [ 562, 569 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL:8122" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_CVCL:0027_8", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "Hep G2" ], "offsets": [ [ 571, 577 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL:0027" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_CVCL:0336_9", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "Huh 7" ], "offsets": [ [ 583, 588 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL:0336" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_20186_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "farnesoid X receptor" ], "offsets": [ [ 636, 656 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "20186" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_20186_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "FXR" ], "offsets": [ [ 658, 661 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "20186" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_10090_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 672, 676 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_19013_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 678, 726 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "19013" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_19013_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PPARalpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 728, 737 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "19013" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_10090_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 748, 752 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_14160_16", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Lgr5" ], "offsets": [ [ 757, 761 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "14160" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_10090_17", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 783, 787 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_MESH:C412815_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "GW4064" ], "offsets": [ [ 789, 795 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C412815" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_MESH:D002635_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CDCA" ], "offsets": [ [ 800, 804 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002635" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_20186_20", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "FXR" ], "offsets": [ [ 827, 830 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "20186" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_MESH:C453899_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "GW7647" ], "offsets": [ [ 836, 842 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C453899" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_MESH:C006253_22", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Wy14643" ], "offsets": [ [ 846, 853 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C006253" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_19013_23", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PPARalpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 867, 876 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "19013" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_8549_24", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Lgr5" ], "offsets": [ [ 903, 907 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "8549" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_20186_25", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "FXR" ], "offsets": [ [ 911, 914 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "20186" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_19013_26", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PPARalpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 919, 928 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "19013" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_MESH:C061879_27", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Diethyl 1,4-dihydro-2,4,6-trimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate" ], "offsets": [ [ 1158, 1219 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C061879" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_-_28", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DDC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1221, 1224 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_MESH:D017093_29", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver injury" ], "offsets": [ [ 1250, 1262 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017093" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_20186_30", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "FXR" ], "offsets": [ [ 1301, 1304 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "20186" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_8549_31", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Lgr5" ], "offsets": [ [ 1313, 1317 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "8549" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_19013_32", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PPARalpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 1352, 1361 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "19013" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_8549_33", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Lgr5" ], "offsets": [ [ 1373, 1377 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "8549" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_20186_34", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "FXR" ], "offsets": [ [ 1403, 1406 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "20186" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_19013_35", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PPARalpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 1411, 1420 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "19013" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_8549_36", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Lgr5" ], "offsets": [ [ 1460, 1464 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "8549" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_-_37", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DDC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1513, 1516 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_8549_38", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Lgr5" ], "offsets": [ [ 1550, 1554 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "8549" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_20186_39", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "FXR" ], "offsets": [ [ 1600, 1603 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "20186" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_8549_40", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Lgr5" ], "offsets": [ [ 1624, 1628 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "8549" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_19013_41", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PPARalpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 1685, 1694 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "19013" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_8549_42", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Lgr5" ], "offsets": [ [ 1716, 1720 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "8549" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_20186_43", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "FXR" ], "offsets": [ [ 1847, 1850 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "20186" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_19013_44", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PPARalpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 1855, 1864 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "19013" } ] }, { "id": "36168631_8549_45", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Lgr5" ], "offsets": [ [ 1868, 1872 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "8549" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "10137793_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Utilization effects of prescription drug benefits in an aging population." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 73 ] ] }, { "id": "10137793_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "In this article, the effects of prescription drug coverage on use are analyzed for beneficiaries of a large retiree health benefit fund in a quasi-experiment comparing new and established enrollees. Newer enrollees show an 18-percentage point greater increase in prescription drug expenditures per capita than established enrollees during the 3-year period following enrollment. This differential is interpreted as the insurance effect of prescription coverage. The impact was greater among high-cost drugs than among low-cost drugs, and also greater among low users of prescription drugs than among high users. No clear patterns were discerned across therapeutic categories." ], "offsets": [ [ 74, 749 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7568422_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Dominance rank, cortisol concentrations, and reproductive maturation in male rhesus macaques." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 93 ] ] }, { "id": "7568422_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Among adolescent male rhesus macaques, Macaca mulatta, the highest ranking individual within a cohort has higher testosterone concentrations at a younger age, earlier in the mating season, and for a longer duration than his lower ranking conspecifics. We sought to determine whether such a rank-related pattern of reproductive maturation could be a function of differences in glucocorticoid levels. A 2-yr longitudinal study of a cohort of adolescent males living in a heterosexual group in a one acre outdoor enclosure revealed no differences in cortisol concentrations between high and low status males. Cortisol was not inversely correlated with testosterone in either adolescent or adult males. Young pubescent males had increases in cortisol levels coincident with maturation, while older adolescent males had cortisol concentrations comparable to those of adult males. Low ranking males tended to have more variable cortisol concentrations across time. We conclude that cortisol concentrations are not a function of dominance status and that the timing of reproductive maturation in male rhesus macaques is independent of cortisol concentrations." ], "offsets": [ [ 94, 1246 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "7568422_MESH:D006854_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cortisol" ], "offsets": [ [ 16, 24 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006854" } ] }, { "id": "7568422_9544_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rhesus macaques" ], "offsets": [ [ 77, 92 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9544" } ] }, { "id": "7568422_9544_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rhesus macaques" ], "offsets": [ [ 116, 131 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9544" } ] }, { "id": "7568422_9544_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Macaca mulatta" ], "offsets": [ [ 133, 147 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9544" } ] }, { "id": "7568422_MESH:D013739_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "testosterone" ], "offsets": [ [ 207, 219 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013739" } ] }, { "id": "7568422_MESH:D006854_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cortisol" ], "offsets": [ [ 641, 649 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006854" } ] }, { "id": "7568422_MESH:D006854_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Cortisol" ], "offsets": [ [ 700, 708 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006854" } ] }, { "id": "7568422_MESH:D013739_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "testosterone" ], "offsets": [ [ 743, 755 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013739" } ] }, { "id": "7568422_MESH:D006854_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cortisol" ], "offsets": [ [ 832, 840 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006854" } ] }, { "id": "7568422_MESH:D006854_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cortisol" ], "offsets": [ [ 909, 917 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006854" } ] }, { "id": "7568422_MESH:D006854_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cortisol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1016, 1024 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006854" } ] }, { "id": "7568422_MESH:D006854_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cortisol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1070, 1078 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006854" } ] }, { "id": "7568422_9544_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rhesus macaques" ], "offsets": [ [ 1188, 1203 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9544" } ] }, { "id": "7568422_MESH:D006854_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cortisol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1222, 1230 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006854" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "27942390_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Whip spiders (Amblypygi) become water-repellent by a colloidal secretion that self-assembles into hierarchical microstructures." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 127 ] ] }, { "id": "27942390_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Among both plants and arthropods, super-hydrophobic surfaces have evolved that enable self-cleaning, locomotion on water surfaces, or plastron respiration. Super-hydrophobicity is achieved by a combination of non-polar substances and complex micro- and nano-structures, usually acquired by growing processes or the deposition of powder-like materials. RESULTS: Here we report on a multi-phasic secretion in whip spiders (Arachnida, Amblypygi), which externally forms durable, hierarchical microstructures on the basically smooth cuticle. The solidified secretion crust makes the previously highly wettable cuticle super-hydrophobic. We describe the ultrastructure of secretory cells, and the maturation and secretion of the different products involved. CONCLUSION: Whip spiders represent intriguing objects of study for revealing the mechanisms of the formation of complex microstructures in non-living systems. Understanding the physical and chemical processes involved may, further, be of interest for bio-inspired design of functional surface coatings." ], "offsets": [ [ 128, 1195 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "27942390_61977_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Whip spiders" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 12 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "61977" } ] }, { "id": "27942390_MESH:D014867_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 32, 37 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "27942390_MESH:D014867_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 255, 260 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "27942390_61977_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "whip spiders" ], "offsets": [ [ 547, 559 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "61977" } ] }, { "id": "27942390_61977_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Whip spiders" ], "offsets": [ [ 905, 917 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "61977" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "8621505_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Genistein is a natural inhibitor of hexose and dehydroascorbic acid transport through the glucose transporter, GLUT1." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 117 ] ] }, { "id": "8621505_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Genistein is a dietary-derived plant product that inhibits the activity of protein-tyrosine kinases. We show here that it is a potent inhibitor of the mammalian facilitative hexose transporter GLUT1. In human HL-60 cells, which express GLUT1, genistein inhibited the transport of dehydroascorbic acid, deoxyglucose, and methylglucose in a dose-dependent manner. Transport was not affected by daidzein, an inactive genistein analog that does not inhibit protein-tyrosine kinase activity, or by the general protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine. Genistein inhibited the uptake of deoxyglucose and dehydroascorbic acid in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells overexpressing GLUT1 in a similar dose-dependent manner. Genistein also inhibited the uptake of deoxyglucose in human erythrocytes indicating that its effect on glucose transporter function is cell-independent. The inhibitory action of genistein on transport was instantaneous, with no additional effect observed in cells preincubated with it for various periods of time. Genistein did not alter the uptake of leucine by HL-60 cells, indicating that its inhibitory effect was specific for the glucose transporters. The inhibitory effect of genistein was of the competitive type, with a Ki of approximately 12 microM for inhibition of the transport of both methylglucose and deoxyglucose. Binding studies showed that genistein inhibited glucose-displaceable binding of cytochalasin B to GLUT1 in erythrocyte ghosts in a competitive manner, with a Ki of 7 microM. These data indicate that genistein inhibits the transport of dehydroascorbic acid and hexoses by directly interacting with the hexose transporter GLUT1 and interfering with its transport activity, rather than as a consequence of its known ability to inhibit protein-tyrosine kinases. These observations indicate that some of the many effects of genistein on cellular physiology may be related to its ability to disrupt the normal cellular flux of substrates through GLUT1, a hexose transporter universally expressed in cells, and is responsible for the basal uptake of glucose." ], "offsets": [ [ 118, 2211 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "8621505_MESH:D019833_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Genistein" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 9 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019833" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D006601_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "hexose" ], "offsets": [ [ 36, 42 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006601" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D003683_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dehydroascorbic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 47, 67 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003683" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D005947_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 90, 97 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_6513_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GLUT1" ], "offsets": [ [ 111, 116 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6513" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D019833_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Genistein" ], "offsets": [ [ 118, 127 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019833" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mammalian" ], "offsets": [ [ 269, 278 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_6513_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GLUT1" ], "offsets": [ [ 311, 316 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6513" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 321, 326 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_CVCL_0002;NCBITaxID:9606_9", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "HL-60" ], "offsets": [ [ 327, 332 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL_0002;NCBITaxID:9606" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_6513_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GLUT1" ], "offsets": [ [ 354, 359 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6513" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D019833_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "genistein" ], "offsets": [ [ 361, 370 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019833" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D003683_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dehydroascorbic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 398, 418 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003683" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D003847_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "deoxyglucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 420, 432 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003847" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:C027020_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "methylglucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 438, 451 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C027020" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:C004742_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "daidzein" ], "offsets": [ [ 510, 518 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C004742" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D019311_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "staurosporine" ], "offsets": [ [ 648, 661 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019311" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D019833_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Genistein" ], "offsets": [ [ 663, 672 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019833" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D003847_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "deoxyglucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 697, 709 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003847" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D003683_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dehydroascorbic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 714, 734 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003683" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_10029_20", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Chinese hamster" ], "offsets": [ [ 738, 753 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10029" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_CVCL_0213;NCBITaxID:10029_21", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "CHO" ], "offsets": [ [ 761, 764 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL_0213;NCBITaxID:10029" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_100753506_22", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GLUT1" ], "offsets": [ [ 787, 792 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "100753506" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D019833_23", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Genistein" ], "offsets": [ [ 829, 838 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019833" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D003847_24", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "deoxyglucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 868, 880 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003847" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_9606_25", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 884, 889 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D005947_26", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 933, 940 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D019833_27", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "genistein" ], "offsets": [ [ 1008, 1017 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019833" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D019833_28", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Genistein" ], "offsets": [ [ 1144, 1153 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019833" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D007930_29", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "leucine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1182, 1189 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007930" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_CVCL_0002;NCBITaxID:9606_30", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "HL-60" ], "offsets": [ [ 1193, 1198 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL_0002;NCBITaxID:9606" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D005947_31", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 1265, 1272 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D019833_32", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "genistein" ], "offsets": [ [ 1312, 1321 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019833" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:C027020_33", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "methylglucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 1428, 1441 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C027020" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D003847_34", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "deoxyglucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 1446, 1458 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003847" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D019833_35", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "genistein" ], "offsets": [ [ 1488, 1497 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019833" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D005947_36", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 1508, 1515 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_6513_37", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GLUT1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1558, 1563 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6513" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D019833_38", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "genistein" ], "offsets": [ [ 1659, 1668 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019833" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D003683_39", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dehydroascorbic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 1695, 1715 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003683" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_6513_40", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GLUT1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1780, 1785 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6513" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D019833_41", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "genistein" ], "offsets": [ [ 1979, 1988 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019833" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_6513_42", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GLUT1" ], "offsets": [ [ 2100, 2105 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6513" } ] }, { "id": "8621505_MESH:D005947_43", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 2203, 2210 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9670442_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Promoting good pharmacy." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 24 ] ] }, { "id": "9670442_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 25, 25 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "10890026_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Correlates of serum lycopene in older women." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 44 ] ] }, { "id": "10890026_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Experimental and epidemiological evidence suggests that lycopene, a predominant carotenoid found in human serum, may reduce the risk of certain cancers. We examined the association of dietary, physiological, and other factors with serum lycopene concentrations in a subsample of 946 postmenopausal women participating in the Women's Health Initiative. Pearson partial correlation coefficients and linear regression coefficients were calculated after adjustment for age, ethnicity, and serum low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Serum lycopene was correlated with serum LDL cholesterol (r = 0.23) and dietary lycopene (r = 0.17, both p < 0.001). Individual food items found to be correlated with serum lycopene after adjustment included fresh tomatoes or tomato juice (r = 0.11), cooked tomatoes, tomato sauce, or salsa (r = 0.17), and spaghetti with meat sauce (r = 0.19, all p < 0.01). Age and body mass index were negatively associated with serum lycopene levels (both p < 0.001). Serum lycopene levels were highest in the summer and highest for those living in the northeastern United States. If we postulate that high serum lycopene levels reduce cancer risk, it becomes apparent that we have limited ability to detect this association from studies of lycopene intake. An understanding of factors associated with serum lycopene levels can be useful for the interpretation of studies of dietary lycopene and disease risk." ], "offsets": [ [ 45, 1475 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "10890026_MESH:D000077276_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lycopene" ], "offsets": [ [ 20, 28 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077276" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 38, 43 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_MESH:D000077276_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lycopene" ], "offsets": [ [ 101, 109 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077276" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_MESH:D002338_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "carotenoid" ], "offsets": [ [ 125, 135 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002338" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_MESH:D009369_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancers" ], "offsets": [ [ 189, 196 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_MESH:D000077276_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lycopene" ], "offsets": [ [ 282, 290 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077276" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 343, 348 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Women" ], "offsets": [ [ 370, 375 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_MESH:D002784_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 566, 577 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_MESH:D000077276_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lycopene" ], "offsets": [ [ 585, 593 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077276" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_MESH:D002784_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 624, 635 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_MESH:D000077276_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lycopene" ], "offsets": [ [ 659, 667 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077276" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_4081_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "tomato" ], "offsets": [ [ 805, 811 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4081" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_4081_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "tomato" ], "offsets": [ [ 847, 853 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4081" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_MESH:D000077276_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lycopene" ], "offsets": [ [ 1000, 1008 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077276" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_MESH:D000077276_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lycopene" ], "offsets": [ [ 1040, 1048 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077276" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_MESH:D000077276_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lycopene" ], "offsets": [ [ 1179, 1187 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077276" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_MESH:D009369_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1202, 1208 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_MESH:D000077276_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lycopene" ], "offsets": [ [ 1307, 1315 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077276" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_MESH:D000077276_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lycopene" ], "offsets": [ [ 1374, 1382 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077276" } ] }, { "id": "10890026_MESH:D000077276_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lycopene" ], "offsets": [ [ 1449, 1457 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077276" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20537491_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "High performance liquid chromatographic assay for the simultaneous determination of midazolam and ketoconazole in plasma." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 121 ] ] }, { "id": "20537491_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay was developed for the simultaneous quantitation of midazolam (MDZ) and ketoconazole (KTZ) in plasma. MDZ, KTZ and diazepam (internal standard) were extracted from 100 microL or 500 microL plasma from rat or human, respectively, using liquid-liquid extraction with diethyl ether in the presence of 0.1N NaOH. After vortexing, centrifugation and freezing, the organic layer was transferred to clean tubes and evaporated. The dried residue was reconstituted in mobile phase and injected into the HPLC through a C18 column. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile:15 mM potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (45:55, v/v), pumped at 1 mL/min and measured at lambda=220 nm. The method was tested in a pharmacokinetic study involving orally dosed KTZ 40 mg/kg in 1% methylcellulose followed by intravenous dosing of 5mg/kg MDZ to rats 1.5h latter. The components eluted within 10 min and were baseline resolved with no interferences from endogenous substances in plasma. The calibration curves were linear (r(2)=0.999) over the range of 25-25,000 and 5-10,000 ng/mL of KTZ and MDZ in rat and human plasma, respectively. The intraday and interday CV% were <15% and <6% for KTZ and <7% and <4% for MDZ and the mean error was <13% for both drugs in rat plasma. In human plasma the intraday CV% and % error of the mean were <11% and <10% for KTZ, respectively; both values were <13% for MDZ. The validated lower limit of quantitation was 25 and 5 ng/mL for both drugs based on 100 muL rat plasma and 500 microL human plasma, respectively. In rats, plasma concentrations of MDZ and KTZ were simultaneously measured up to 8 and 9.5h, respectively. In conclusion, the assay was shown to be rapid, sensitive and appropriate for use in drug-drug interaction studies involving MDZ and KTZ in rat, and potentially in humans." ], "offsets": [ [ 122, 1984 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "20537491_MESH:D008874_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "midazolam" ], "offsets": [ [ 84, 93 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008874" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D007654_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ketoconazole" ], "offsets": [ [ 98, 110 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007654" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D008874_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "midazolam" ], "offsets": [ [ 228, 237 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008874" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D008874_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "MDZ" ], "offsets": [ [ 239, 242 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008874" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D007654_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ketoconazole" ], "offsets": [ [ 248, 260 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007654" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D007654_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "KTZ" ], "offsets": [ [ 262, 265 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007654" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D008874_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "MDZ" ], "offsets": [ [ 278, 281 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008874" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D007654_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "KTZ" ], "offsets": [ [ 283, 286 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007654" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D003975_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "diazepam" ], "offsets": [ [ 291, 299 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003975" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_10116_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 377, 380 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 384, 389 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D004986_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "diethyl ether" ], "offsets": [ [ 441, 454 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004986" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_-_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "NaOH" ], "offsets": [ [ 479, 483 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:C032159_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "acetonitrile" ], "offsets": [ [ 727, 739 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C032159" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:C013216_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate" ], "offsets": [ [ 746, 781 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C013216" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D007654_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "KTZ" ], "offsets": [ [ 918, 921 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007654" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D008747_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "methylcellulose" ], "offsets": [ [ 937, 952 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008747" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D008874_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "MDZ" ], "offsets": [ [ 994, 997 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008874" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_10116_18", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 1001, 1005 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D007654_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "KTZ" ], "offsets": [ [ 1240, 1243 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007654" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D008874_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "MDZ" ], "offsets": [ [ 1248, 1251 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008874" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_10116_21", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 1255, 1258 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_9606_22", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 1263, 1268 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D007654_23", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "KTZ" ], "offsets": [ [ 1343, 1346 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007654" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D008874_24", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "MDZ" ], "offsets": [ [ 1367, 1370 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008874" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_10116_25", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 1417, 1420 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_9606_26", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 1432, 1437 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D008874_27", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "MDZ" ], "offsets": [ [ 1554, 1557 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008874" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_10116_28", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 1652, 1655 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_9606_29", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 1678, 1683 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_10116_30", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 1709, 1713 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D008874_31", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "MDZ" ], "offsets": [ [ 1740, 1743 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008874" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D007654_32", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "KTZ" ], "offsets": [ [ 1748, 1751 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007654" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D008874_33", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "MDZ" ], "offsets": [ [ 1938, 1941 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008874" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_MESH:D007654_34", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "KTZ" ], "offsets": [ [ 1946, 1949 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007654" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_10116_35", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 1953, 1956 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "20537491_9606_36", "type": "Species", "text": [ "humans" ], "offsets": [ [ 1977, 1983 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "2976487_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The role of the pediatrician in the care of the handicapped child." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 66 ] ] }, { "id": "2976487_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 67, 67 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "2976487_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "child" ], "offsets": [ [ 60, 65 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "1603352_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Comparison of cisternal and lumbar CSF examination in leptomeningeal metastasis." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 80 ] ] }, { "id": "1603352_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "We compared cisternal and lumbar CSF examination in 14 patients suspected of having leptomeningeal metastasis from cancer. Malignant cells were present in 12 patients--in both cisternal and lumbar CSF in nine patients and only in cisternal CSF in three. Cisternal CSF cytologic examination should be considered in patients suspected of having leptomeningeal metastasis if lumbar CSF is nondiagnostic." ], "offsets": [ [ 81, 481 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "1603352_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 136, 144 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1603352_MESH:D009369_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 196, 202 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "1603352_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 239, 247 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1603352_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 290, 298 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1603352_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 395, 403 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "13622850_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Further experiences & results of group psychotherapy in bronchial asthma]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 75 ] ] }, { "id": "13622850_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 76, 76 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "13622850_MESH:D001249_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bronchial asthma" ], "offsets": [ [ 57, 73 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001249" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "34349311_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Mental Illness in Indian Hindi Cinema: Production, Representation, and Reception before and After Media Convergence." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 116 ] ] }, { "id": "34349311_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 117, 117 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "34349311_MESH:D002908_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Mental Illness" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 14 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002908" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "30316486_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "I Did OK, but Did I Like It? Using Ecological Momentary Assessment to Examine Perceptions of Social Interactions Associated With Severity of Social Anxiety and Depression." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 171 ] ] }, { "id": "30316486_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Socially anxious and depressed individuals tend to evaluate their social interactions negatively, but little is known about the specific real-time contributors to these negative perceptions. The current study examined how affect ratings during social interactions predict later perceptions of those interactions, and whether this differs by social anxiety and depression severity. Undergraduate participants (N = 60) responded to a smartphone application that prompted participants to answer short questions about their current affect and social context up to 6 times a day for 2 weeks. At the end of each day, participants answered questions about their perceptions of their social interactions from that day. Results indicated that the link between negative affective experiences reported during social interactions and the end-of-day report of enjoyment (but not effectiveness) of those experiences was more negative when social anxiety was more severe. The link between negative affective experiences rated during social interactions and the end-of-day report of effectiveness (but not enjoyment) during those social encounters was more negative when depression was more severe. These findings demonstrate the importance of examining self-perceptions of social interactions based both on the extent to which individuals think that they met the objective demands of an interaction (i.e., effectiveness, mastery) and the extent to which they liked or disliked that interaction (i.e., enjoyment, pleasure). These findings also highlight how real-time assessments of daily social interactions may reveal the key experiences that contribute to negative self-evaluations across disorders, potentially identifying critical targets for therapy." ], "offsets": [ [ 172, 1912 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "30316486_MESH:D001007_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Anxiety" ], "offsets": [ [ 148, 155 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001007" } ] }, { "id": "30316486_MESH:D000275_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 160, 170 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "30316486_MESH:D000275_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anxious and depressed" ], "offsets": [ [ 181, 202 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "30316486_MESH:D001007_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anxiety" ], "offsets": [ [ 520, 527 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001007" } ] }, { "id": "30316486_MESH:D000275_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 532, 542 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "30316486_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "participants" ], "offsets": [ [ 567, 579 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30316486_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "participants" ], "offsets": [ [ 641, 653 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30316486_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "participants" ], "offsets": [ [ 783, 795 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30316486_MESH:D001007_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anxiety" ], "offsets": [ [ 1104, 1111 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001007" } ] }, { "id": "30316486_MESH:D000275_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 1327, 1337 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6046464_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Experience gained during a study trip to Paris]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 49 ] ] }, { "id": "6046464_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 50, 50 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "34446334_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The Evolution of the Human Hand From an Anthropologic Perspective." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 66 ] ] }, { "id": "34446334_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Coupled with the developing brain and freed from ambulatory responsibilities, the human hand has experienced osteologic and myologic changes throughout evolutionary time that have permitted manipulative capacities of social, functional, and cultural importance in modern-day human life. Hand cupping, precision gripping, and power gripping are at the root of these evolutionary developments. It is in appreciation of the evolutionary trajectory that we can truly understand how 'form is function.' The structure of the human hand is distinct in many ways from that of even our closest relatives in the primate order (ie, chimpanzees). We present some of the key anatomic changes and evolutionary anatomic remnants of the human hand. The human hand is truly an amazing organ-the product of millions of years of selective changes." ], "offsets": [ [ 67, 895 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "34446334_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Human" ], "offsets": [ [ 21, 26 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34446334_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 149, 154 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34446334_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 342, 347 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34446334_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 586, 591 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34446334_9598_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "chimpanzees" ], "offsets": [ [ 688, 699 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9598" } ] }, { "id": "34446334_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 788, 793 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34446334_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 804, 809 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "10624952_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Perceived speed of colored stimuli." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 35 ] ] }, { "id": "10624952_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The influence of contrast and color on perceived motion was measured using a speed-matching task. Observers adjusted the speed of an L cone contrast pattern to match that of a variety of colored test patterns. The dependence of speed on test contrast was the same for all test colors measured, differing only by a sensitivity factor. This result suggests that the reduced apparent speed of low contrast targets and certain colored targets is caused by a common cortical mechanism. The cone contrast levels that equate perceived speed differ substantially from those that equate visibility. This result suggests that the neural mechanisms governing speed perception and visibility differ. Perceived speed differences caused by variations in color can be explained by color responses that are characteristic of motion-selective cortex." ], "offsets": [ [ 36, 869 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "22950572_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Major barriers against renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blocker use in chronic kidney disease stages 3-5 in clinical practice: a safety concern?" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 148 ] ] }, { "id": "22950572_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockers are underutilized in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We aimed to determine barriers against the use of RAAS blockers in these patients. Patients with stage 3-5 CKD referred to Hacettepe University Hospital Nephrology Unit during a 1 year period were evaluated for RAAS blocker use. Two hundred and seventy-nine patients (166 male, 113 female) were analyzed. The mean age of the patients was 56.7 +- 15.2 years, mean serum creatinine was 2.45 +- 1.44 mg/dL, and mean glomerular filtration rate was 33.3 +- 15.1 mL/min. The mean follow-up time was 22.0 +- 21.9 months and the clinical visit number was 4.0 +- 3.5. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers were used by 68.8% of all patients and 67.7% of diabetic patients at the time of analysis. In 82.1% of patients, RAAS blockers had either been used earlier or were being used. Hyperkalemia was the principal reason for both not starting and also discontinuing these drugs in patients with CKD. In 37.4% of patients, reasons for not starting RAAS blockers were unclear. This study showed that hyperkalemia is the major barrier against the use of RAAS blockers in patients with CKD. There was, however, a subset of patients who did not receive RAAS blockers even without clear contraindications." ], "offsets": [ [ 149, 1492 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "22950572_MESH:D000450_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "aldosterone" ], "offsets": [ [ 41, 52 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000450" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_MESH:D051436_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "chronic kidney disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 75, 97 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051436" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_MESH:D000450_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "aldosterone" ], "offsets": [ [ 167, 178 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000450" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 223, 231 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_MESH:D051436_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "chronic kidney disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 237, 259 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051436" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_MESH:D051436_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CKD" ], "offsets": [ [ 261, 264 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051436" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 340, 348 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 350, 358 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_MESH:D051436_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CKD" ], "offsets": [ [ 374, 377 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051436" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 525, 533 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 592, 600 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_MESH:D003404_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "creatinine" ], "offsets": [ [ 636, 646 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003404" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 926, 934 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_MESH:D003920_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetic" ], "offsets": [ [ 948, 956 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 957, 965 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_9606_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1003, 1011 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_MESH:D006947_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Hyperkalemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1076, 1088 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006947" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_9606_17", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1174, 1182 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_MESH:D051436_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CKD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1188, 1191 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051436" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_9606_19", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1205, 1213 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_MESH:D006947_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hyperkalemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1291, 1303 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006947" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_9606_21", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1361, 1369 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_MESH:D051436_22", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CKD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1375, 1378 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051436" } ] }, { "id": "22950572_9606_23", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1412, 1420 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7006754_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Resolution of the phosphoenolpyruvate: fructose phosphotransferase system of Escherichia coli into two components: enzyme IIfructose and fructose-induced HPr-like protein (FPr)." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 177 ] ] }, { "id": "7006754_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A protein that substitutes for histidine-containing protein (HPr) in the phosphoenolpyruvate, fructose phosphotransferase system has been found in Escherichia coli grown on fructose. The impure preparation of the fructose-induced HPr-like protein (FPr) appears to be an extrinsic membrane protein which differs from HPr on the basis of its apparent molecular weight (45 000 vs. 9600, respectively), its affinity for DEAE-cellulose and its ability to promote sugar phosphorylation which is specific for fructose, rather than for glucose." ], "offsets": [ [ 178, 714 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "7006754_MESH:D010728_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "phosphoenolpyruvate" ], "offsets": [ [ 18, 37 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010728" } ] }, { "id": "7006754_MESH:D005632_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "fructose" ], "offsets": [ [ 39, 47 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005632" } ] }, { "id": "7006754_562_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Escherichia coli" ], "offsets": [ [ 77, 93 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "562" } ] }, { "id": "7006754_-_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "IIfructose" ], "offsets": [ [ 122, 132 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "7006754_MESH:D005632_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "fructose" ], "offsets": [ [ 137, 145 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005632" } ] }, { "id": "7006754_MESH:D006639_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "histidine" ], "offsets": [ [ 209, 218 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006639" } ] }, { "id": "7006754_MESH:D010728_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "phosphoenolpyruvate" ], "offsets": [ [ 251, 270 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010728" } ] }, { "id": "7006754_MESH:D005632_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "fructose" ], "offsets": [ [ 272, 280 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005632" } ] }, { "id": "7006754_562_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Escherichia coli" ], "offsets": [ [ 325, 341 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "562" } ] }, { "id": "7006754_MESH:D005632_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "fructose" ], "offsets": [ [ 351, 359 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005632" } ] }, { "id": "7006754_MESH:D005632_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "fructose" ], "offsets": [ [ 391, 399 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005632" } ] }, { "id": "7006754_MESH:D003636_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DEAE-cellulose" ], "offsets": [ [ 594, 608 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003636" } ] }, { "id": "7006754_MESH:D000073893_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sugar" ], "offsets": [ [ 636, 641 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000073893" } ] }, { "id": "7006754_MESH:D005632_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "fructose" ], "offsets": [ [ 680, 688 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005632" } ] }, { "id": "7006754_MESH:D005947_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 706, 713 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18412084_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Novel catheter positioning technique for atretic pulmonary valve perforation." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 77 ] ] }, { "id": "18412084_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Percutaneous pulmonary valve perforation in selected neonates with pulmonary valve atresia and intact ventricular septum has been well established as a therapeutic option. Pulmonary valve perforation is associated with significant risks including perforation of the right ventricle. Optimal catheter positioning is crucial to the success of the procedure. This report describes a novel technique for accurate positioning of a guiding catheter during perforation of an atretic pulmonary valve." ], "offsets": [ [ 78, 570 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "18412084_MESH:D011665_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "atretic pulmonary valve" ], "offsets": [ [ 41, 64 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011665" } ] }, { "id": "18412084_MESH:D018633_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pulmonary valve atresia" ], "offsets": [ [ 145, 168 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018633" } ] }, { "id": "18412084_MESH:C562832_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ventricular septum" ], "offsets": [ [ 180, 198 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C562832" } ] }, { "id": "18412084_MESH:D011665_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Pulmonary valve" ], "offsets": [ [ 250, 265 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011665" } ] }, { "id": "18412084_MESH:D011665_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "atretic pulmonary valve" ], "offsets": [ [ 546, 569 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011665" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "11742567_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Effect of change in oxygen tension on release pattern and nature of endothelium-derived substances in isolated rabbit aorta." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 124 ] ] }, { "id": "11742567_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "AIM: To observe the effect of change in oxygen tension on the release pattern and nature of endothelium-derived substances in isolated rabbit aorta. METHODS: Isometric contractions and relaxations in isolated rabbit strip were observed in response to changes in oxygen tension and effect of various drugs was noted on them. RESULTS: Change in oxygen tension from high [pO2 =(618.9 +/- 0.4) mmHg; 1 mmHg = 133.3 Pa] to low [pO2 = (117.6+/-0.6) mmHg] was observed to convert the relaxant effect of acetylcholine (ACh), in rabbit aorta precontracted with phenylephrine, to a marked contractile response. As the aerating gas was changed from 100 % to 20 % oxygen, the relaxant effect to ACh, recorded every hour, gradually decreased till it gave way to a significant contraction over a period of 3.5 h. On reoxygenation the relaxant effect to ACh was irreversibly inhibited, however, the relaxant effect to SOD (40 kU/L) was not. The per se constrictor effect to ACh was abolished by endothelium removal and by combination of SOD (40 kU/L), catalase (1000 kU/L) and indomethacin (1 x 10(-5 ) mol/L). SQ-030741(1 x 10(-5) mol/L) or GR-32191B (1 x 10(-5) mol/L), both TXA2-PGH2 receptor antagonists but not OKY-046, a TXA2-synthetase inhibitor, also attenuated the ACh-mediated contractions in combination with SOD and catalase. CONCLUSION: The above results implicate that some functional change occurs in the endothelium exposed to low p(O2) such that the stimulated release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) in response to ACh is completely and irreversibly inhibited, whereas, the basally released EDRF in response to SOD is not and marked increase in prostaglandin synthesis is stimulated." ], "offsets": [ [ 125, 1825 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "11742567_MESH:D010100_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 20, 26 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_MESH:D010100_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 165, 171 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_MESH:D010100_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 387, 393 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_MESH:D010100_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 468, 474 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_MESH:C093415_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "pO2" ], "offsets": [ [ 494, 497 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C093415" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_MESH:C093415_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "pO2" ], "offsets": [ [ 548, 551 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C093415" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_MESH:D000109_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "acetylcholine" ], "offsets": [ [ 621, 634 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000109" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_MESH:D000109_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ACh" ], "offsets": [ [ 636, 639 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000109" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_MESH:D010656_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "phenylephrine" ], "offsets": [ [ 677, 690 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010656" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_MESH:D010100_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 777, 783 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_MESH:D000109_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ACh" ], "offsets": [ [ 808, 811 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000109" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_MESH:D000109_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ACh" ], "offsets": [ [ 964, 967 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000109" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_6647_12", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SOD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1028, 1031 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6647" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_MESH:D000109_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ACh" ], "offsets": [ [ 1084, 1087 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000109" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_6647_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SOD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1147, 1150 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6647" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_847_15", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "catalase" ], "offsets": [ [ 1162, 1170 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "847" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_MESH:D007213_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "indomethacin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1187, 1199 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007213" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_-_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "SQ-030741" ], "offsets": [ [ 1221, 1230 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_MESH:C060013_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "GR-32191B" ], "offsets": [ [ 1252, 1261 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C060013" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_MESH:C034364_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "OKY-046" ], "offsets": [ [ 1326, 1333 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C034364" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_MESH:D000109_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ACh" ], "offsets": [ [ 1384, 1387 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000109" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_6647_21", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SOD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1430, 1433 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6647" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_847_22", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "catalase" ], "offsets": [ [ 1438, 1446 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "847" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_MESH:C093415_23", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "p(O2)" ], "offsets": [ [ 1557, 1562 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C093415" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_51327_24", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "endothelium-derived relaxing factor" ], "offsets": [ [ 1599, 1634 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "51327" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_51327_25", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "EDRF" ], "offsets": [ [ 1636, 1640 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "51327" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_MESH:D000109_26", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ACh" ], "offsets": [ [ 1657, 1660 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000109" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_51327_27", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "EDRF" ], "offsets": [ [ 1733, 1737 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "51327" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_6647_28", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SOD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1753, 1756 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6647" } ] }, { "id": "11742567_MESH:D011453_29", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "prostaglandin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1787, 1800 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011453" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "32253961_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Health-related quality of life among elderly individuals living alone in an urban area of Shaanxi Province, China: a cross-sectional study." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 139 ] ] }, { "id": "32253961_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 140, 140 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6985494_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Changes of human platelets studied by scanning electron microscopy in acute myocardial infarction." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 98 ] ] }, { "id": "6985494_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The formation of platelet aggregates has been suggested to be the initial step in coronary occlusion and the subsequent myocardial infarction (AMI). By scanning electron microscopy we followed: the platelet morphology and aggregation, the macrophage (M) morphology and the lymphocyte (T, B) count and structure in 11 patients with AMI and in 18 patients with unstable angina (UA). Generally, in the patients with AMI, most of the platelets presented relatively frequent (42.5%) or very frequent pseudopodia (35.27%) and the network of surface extensions was associated with several huge platelet aggregates in 6 patients. The mean lymphocyte count was: T = 40.36 +/- 23.95%; B = 28.09 +/- 7.38%; M = 31.54 +/- 21.25%. In the patients with unstable angina the proportion of platelets with pseudopodia was more reduced, namely, that of platelets with relatively frequent pseudopodia was 33.8% and with very frequent pseudopodia was 27.8%. The mean lymphocyte count was: T = 40.30 +/- 20.24%; B = 34.6 +/- 14.39%; M = 25 +/- 10.50%. These data indicate that platelet changes and the formation of aggregates can be an important factor in the occurrence of AMI. The change of immunocompetent cell count in both groups of coronary patients suggests the association of an immunologic process in coronary atherosclerosis." ], "offsets": [ [ 99, 1412 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "6985494_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 11, 16 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "6985494_MESH:D009203_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myocardial infarction" ], "offsets": [ [ 76, 97 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009203" } ] }, { "id": "6985494_MESH:D054059_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "coronary occlusion" ], "offsets": [ [ 181, 199 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D054059" } ] }, { "id": "6985494_MESH:D009203_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myocardial infarction" ], "offsets": [ [ 219, 240 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009203" } ] }, { "id": "6985494_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 416, 424 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "6985494_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 444, 452 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "6985494_MESH:D000789_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "unstable angina" ], "offsets": [ [ 458, 473 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000789" } ] }, { "id": "6985494_MESH:D000789_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "UA" ], "offsets": [ [ 475, 477 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000789" } ] }, { "id": "6985494_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 498, 506 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "6985494_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 711, 719 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "6985494_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 824, 832 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "6985494_MESH:D000789_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "unstable angina" ], "offsets": [ [ 838, 853 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000789" } ] }, { "id": "6985494_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1324, 1332 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "6985494_MESH:D003324_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "coronary atherosclerosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1387, 1411 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003324" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "26025255_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Diagnosis and treatment of diving accidents. New German guidelines for diving accidents 2014-2017]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 100 ] ] }, { "id": "26025255_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "In 2015 the German Society for Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine (GTUM) and the Swiss Underwater and Hyperbaric Medical Society (SUHMS) published the updated guidelines on diving accidents 2014-2017. These multidisciplinary guidelines were developed within a structured consensus process by members of the German Interdisciplinary Association for Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine (DIVI), the Sports Divers Association (VDST), the Naval Medical Institute (SchiffMedInst), the Social Accident Insurance Institution for the Building Trade (BG BAU), the Association of Hyperbaric Treatment Centers (VDD) and the Society of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (DGAUM). This consensus-based guidelines project (development grade S2k) with a representative group of developers was conducted by the Association of Scientific Medical Societies in Germany. It provides information and instructions according to up to date evidence to all divers and other lay persons for first aid recommendations to physician first responders and emergency physicians as well as paramedics and all physicians at therapeutic hyperbaric chambers for the diagnostics and treatment of diving accidents. To assist in implementing the guideline recommendations, this article summarizes the rationale, purpose and the following key action statements: on-site 100% oxygen first aid treatment, still patient positioning and fluid administration are recommended. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) recompression remains unchanged the established treatment in severe cases with no therapeutic alternatives. The basic treatment scheme recommended for diving accidents is hyperbaric oxygenation at 280 kPa. For quality management purposes there is a need in the future for a nationwide register of hyperbaric therapy." ], "offsets": [ [ 101, 1874 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "26025255_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "persons" ], "offsets": [ [ 1056, 1063 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26025255_MESH:D010100_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 1438, 1444 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "26025255_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1472, 1479 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26025255_MESH:D010100_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 1545, 1551 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7560524_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Job satisfaction in Japanese nurses." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 36 ] ] }, { "id": "7560524_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "This study investigated job satisfaction among nurses in Japan. The instrument for measuring occupational satisfaction of hospital nurses developed by Stamps and her associates was used. Initial items were reviewed by content experts who were familiar with measurement of work satisfaction among health professionals and nursing practice in Japan. Based on the item analysis in the cultural context, several items were reworded or eliminated from the original version. Twenty-five items were retained and translated into English by bilingual professionals. The questionnaire was administered to 613 nurses practising in a large, acute-care hospital in a southern part of Japan. The results from testing psychometric properties of the translated version of the instrument were satisfactory. It may be concluded that nurses in the study were not satisfied but not dissatisfied either. On all items, they showed relatively strong commitment to their work. However, extrinsic factors such as having little opportunities for promotion or less favourable working conditions appeared to negatively influence job satisfaction in the study. The findings support the dual factor theory of Herzberg and also Maslow's theory. Considering the lowest scored item, little opportunities for promotion, which reflects the employment system in Japan, administrators, who are usually male medical practitioners, should be made aware of a need for creating clinical ladder opportunities for nurses who would be promoted based on a merit system, instead of the current practice of a seniority system." ], "offsets": [ [ 37, 1616 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35629484_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Biomimetic Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Membranes for Removal of Fluoride Ions." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 75 ] ] }, { "id": "35629484_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Carbon nanofibers (CaNFs) exhibit promising applications in the fields of environmental science and nanotechnology, and self-assembled peptide nanofibers (PNFs) are useful for the biomimetic synthesis of organic-inorganic hybrid nanomaterials and the fabrication of functional hybrid membranes for the removal of various pollutants from water. In this work, we report the biomimetic synthesis of hybrid nanomaterials by the interweaving of CaNFs and PNFs. Using the biomimetic mineralization properties of PNFs, ZrO2 nanoparticles were synthesized along the nanofiber surface, and then functional nanohybrid porous membranes were prepared by the vacuum filtration technology. For the fabrication of membranes, the amount of PNFs and ZrO2 precursors in the hybrid membrane were optimized. The designed organic-inorganic hybrid membranes exhibited high removal performance for fluorine ion (F-) from water, and the removal efficiency of the fabricated membranes towards F- ion-containing aqueous solution with a concentration of 50-100 mg/L reached more than 80%. In addition, the nanofiltration membranes revealed good adsorption capacity for F- ions. It is expected that the strategies shown in this study will be beneficial for the design, biomimetic synthesis, and fabrication of nanoporous membranes for economic, rapid, and efficient water purification." ], "offsets": [ [ 76, 1433 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "35629484_MESH:D005459_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Fluoride" ], "offsets": [ [ 61, 69 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005459" } ] }, { "id": "35629484_MESH:D002244_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Carbon" ], "offsets": [ [ 76, 82 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002244" } ] }, { "id": "35629484_MESH:D014867_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 413, 418 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "35629484_-_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ZrO2" ], "offsets": [ [ 809, 813 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35629484_MESH:D005461_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "fluorine" ], "offsets": [ [ 951, 959 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005461" } ] }, { "id": "35629484_MESH:D014867_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 974, 979 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "35629484_MESH:D014867_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 1414, 1419 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] } ]

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