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[ { "id": "11992278_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Proinflammatory responses to lipo-oligosaccharide of Neisseria meningitidis immunotype strains in relation to virulence and disease." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 132 ] ] }, { "id": "11992278_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Inflammatory responses to lipo-oligosaccharide (LOS) contribute to the severity of meningococcal disease. Strains that express the L(3,7,9) LOS immunotypes are isolated from the majority of patients, but other immunotypes are isolated predominantly from carriers. Inflammatory responses elicited from a human monocytic cell line (THP-1) that had been pretreated with vitamin D3 (VD3) were compared after stimulation with purified LOSs from standard immunotype strains. The neutralizing effects of normal human serum and serum from mice immunized with strain B:2a:P1.5,2:L3 were compared. LOSs of immunotypes L3, L7, L8, and L9 induced significantly higher levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6, compared with other immunotypes. Normal human serum neutralized the proinflammatory responses to LOSs of all immunotypes tested. Immune mouse serum neutralized inflammatory responses against LOSs from immunotypes with epitopes cross-reactive with L(3,7,9) moieties. Antibodies found in normal human serum and immune mouse serum to the oligosaccharide, core, and lipid A moieties of meningococcal endotoxin contribute to neutralizing activity." ], "offsets": [ [ 133, 1288 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "11992278_MESH:C023023_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipo-oligosaccharide" ], "offsets": [ [ 29, 49 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C023023" } ] }, { "id": "11992278_487_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Neisseria meningitidis" ], "offsets": [ [ 53, 75 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "487" } ] }, { "id": "11992278_MESH:C023023_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipo-oligosaccharide" ], "offsets": [ [ 159, 179 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C023023" } ] }, { "id": "11992278_MESH:C023023_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "LOS" ], "offsets": [ [ 181, 184 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C023023" } ] }, { "id": "11992278_MESH:D008589_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "meningococcal disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 216, 237 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008589" } ] }, { "id": "11992278_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 323, 331 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11992278_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 436, 441 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11992278_NCBITaxID:9606_7", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "THP-1" ], "offsets": [ [ 463, 468 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "NCBITaxID:9606" } ] }, { "id": "11992278_MESH:D002762_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "vitamin D3" ], "offsets": [ [ 500, 510 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002762" } ] }, { "id": "11992278_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 637, 642 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11992278_10090_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 664, 668 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "11992278_7124_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "tumor necrosis factor-alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 799, 826 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7124" } ] }, { "id": "11992278_3569_12", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "interleukin-6" ], "offsets": [ [ 831, 844 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3569" } ] }, { "id": "11992278_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 886, 891 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11992278_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 1139, 1144 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11992278_MESH:D009844_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oligosaccharide" ], "offsets": [ [ 1181, 1196 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009844" } ] }, { "id": "11992278_MESH:D008050_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipid A" ], "offsets": [ [ 1208, 1215 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008050" } ] }, { "id": "11992278_MESH:D008589_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "meningococcal" ], "offsets": [ [ 1228, 1241 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008589" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7985146_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[The effect of transcardiac galvanization on the size of the necrotic mass and on the central hemodynamic indices in patients with an acute myocardial infarct]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 160 ] ] }, { "id": "7985146_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The authors examined 110 males and females admitted to hospital within 6 hours since the onset of new macrofocal anterior myocardial infarction running without complications. All the patients underwent transcardiac galvanization (TG) in the initial disease hours. Precardiac mapping, tetrapolar rheography and clinical observation provided evidence on TG course action on the necrosis mass, central hemodynamics and clinical appearance of the disease in the acute and postinfarction periods. TG promoted faster and more marked improvement of cardiac muscle contractility, attaining higher functional level of inotropic myocardial activity up to the disease month 6. This was associated with alleviation of circulatory disorders both at the hospital and postinfarction stage. The response to course TG results from cardioprotective action of constant electric current on ischemic myocardium which limits the zone of the lesion thus reducing early fatal cases number and preventing cardiogenic shock." ], "offsets": [ [ 161, 1159 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "7985146_MESH:D009336_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "necrotic" ], "offsets": [ [ 61, 69 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009336" } ] }, { "id": "7985146_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 117, 125 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "7985146_MESH:D009203_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myocardial infarct" ], "offsets": [ [ 140, 158 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009203" } ] }, { "id": "7985146_MESH:D009203_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myocardial infarction" ], "offsets": [ [ 283, 304 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009203" } ] }, { "id": "7985146_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 344, 352 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "7985146_MESH:C536030_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "necrosis mass" ], "offsets": [ [ 537, 550 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C536030" } ] }, { "id": "7985146_MESH:D012769_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "circulatory disorders" ], "offsets": [ [ 867, 888 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012769" } ] }, { "id": "7985146_MESH:D012770_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cardiogenic shock" ], "offsets": [ [ 1141, 1158 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012770" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "27079339_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Type 2 Diabetes Medication Review." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 34 ] ] }, { "id": "27079339_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Patients with type 2 diabetes and their healthcare providers have a variety of medication options available for treating elevated blood glucose values. These medication choices have expanded drastically over the last 10 years with a large number of glucose lowering medications gaining FDA approval. METHODS: Here, we have included an extensive search of the type 2 diabetes literature focusing on articles which impact patient-oriented evidence that maters (POEMs). RESULTS: Choosing the best agent(s) can be challenging and requires weighing the risks and benefits of each particular medication. Tailoring medications to individual patients should be prioritized based on trials with cardiovascular outcome data, potential hemoglobin A1c reduction/goal, serious medication precautions and side-effects, co-morbid medical conditions, and cost. CONCLUSIONS: This paper will provide the reader with an overview of the pros and cons for each antiglycemic medication class and specific drugs where appropriate. Data relevant to most patient centered encounters will be provided, including safety, tolerability, efficacy, cost, and simplicity of use." ], "offsets": [ [ 35, 1193 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "27079339_MESH:D003924_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Type 2 Diabetes" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 15 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003924" } ] }, { "id": "27079339_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 47, 55 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "27079339_MESH:D003920_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetes" ], "offsets": [ [ 68, 76 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "27079339_MESH:D005947_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 183, 190 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "27079339_MESH:D005947_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 296, 303 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "27079339_MESH:D003920_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetes" ], "offsets": [ [ 413, 421 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "27079339_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 467, 474 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "27079339_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 681, 689 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "27079339_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1077, 1084 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "13244732_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Intravascular fluid administration in treatment of posttraumatic shock]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 73 ] ] }, { "id": "13244732_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 74, 74 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "13244732_MESH:D012769_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "posttraumatic shock" ], "offsets": [ [ 52, 71 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012769" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "2725905_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[A case of recent atrial flutter treated with intravenous propafenone]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 71 ] ] }, { "id": "2725905_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A recently observed case triggers an examination of Propafenone (P.) treatment of atrial flutter (AF). A review of the literature reveals that the question has not so far been sufficiently investigated. In fact only one paper reporting the inadequacy of P. in the treatment of certain forms of AF and atrial fibrillation caused by vagal hypertonia has apparently been published. The case presented here is of a 59 year old man with left bronchial pneumonia in a static phase and an ECG indicating AF. Treatment with P. in slow-release bolus form (2 mg/kg) converted the AF into sinus rhythm in the space of a few minutes. In the absence of any demonstrable cardiac pathology the condition in thought to have been caused by the patient's precarious metabolic status (hypoxaemia, sepsis)." ], "offsets": [ [ 72, 858 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "2725905_MESH:D001282_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "atrial flutter" ], "offsets": [ [ 18, 32 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001282" } ] }, { "id": "2725905_MESH:D011405_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "propafenone" ], "offsets": [ [ 58, 69 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011405" } ] }, { "id": "2725905_MESH:D011405_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Propafenone" ], "offsets": [ [ 124, 135 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011405" } ] }, { "id": "2725905_MESH:D001282_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "atrial flutter" ], "offsets": [ [ 154, 168 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001282" } ] }, { "id": "2725905_MESH:D001281_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AF" ], "offsets": [ [ 170, 172 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001281" } ] }, { "id": "2725905_MESH:D001281_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AF" ], "offsets": [ [ 366, 368 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001281" } ] }, { "id": "2725905_MESH:D001281_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "atrial fibrillation" ], "offsets": [ [ 373, 392 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001281" } ] }, { "id": "2725905_MESH:D009122_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertonia" ], "offsets": [ [ 409, 419 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009122" } ] }, { "id": "2725905_MESH:D001982_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "left bronchial pneumonia" ], "offsets": [ [ 504, 528 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001982" } ] }, { "id": "2725905_MESH:D001281_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AF" ], "offsets": [ [ 569, 571 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001281" } ] }, { "id": "2725905_MESH:D001281_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AF" ], "offsets": [ [ 642, 644 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001281" } ] }, { "id": "2725905_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 799, 806 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "2725905_MESH:D018805_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sepsis" ], "offsets": [ [ 850, 856 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018805" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "25522149_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The inventiveness of nature: an interview with Werner Arber." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 60 ] ] }, { "id": "25522149_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 61, 61 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "27236706_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Resolvin E1 attenuates atherosclerosis in absence of cholesterol-lowering effects and on top of atorvastatin." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 109 ] ] }, { "id": "27236706_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Besides LDL-cholesterol, local vascular inflammation plays a key role in atherogenesis. Efficient therapies to treat the inflammatory component of the disease have not been established. The discovery of specialized inflammation-resolving mediators, such as resolvins may provide new opportunities for treatment. This study examines whether the omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid-derived resolvin E1 (RvE1), can reduce atherosclerosis, when administered alone or in combination with a cholesterol-lowering statin. METHODS: ApoE*3Leiden mice were fed a hypercholesterolemic diet for 9 weeks and subsequently treated with RvE1-low (1 mg/kg/day), RvE1-high (5 mg/kg/day), atorvastatin (1.5 mg/kg/day) or the combination of atorvastatin and RvE1-low for the following 16 weeks. RESULTS: RvE1-low and RvE1-high reduced atherosclerotic lesion size to the same extent (-35%; p < 0.05), attenuated the formation of severe lesions, also seen as a proportional increase in the presence of mild lesions, but did not alter plasma cholesterol levels. Cholesterol-lowering atorvastatin reduced atherosclerosis (-27%, p < 0.05), and the combination of RvE1 and atorvastatin further attenuated lesion size (-51%, p < 0.01) and increased the content of mild lesions. RvE1 did not affect plasma SAA, E-selectin, VCAM-1 or MCP-1 but did reduce plasma EPHX4 and down-regulated the local expression of pro-atherogenic genes in the aortae, (e.g. Cd74, Cd44, Ccl2, Ccr5 and Adam17) and significantly inactivated IFN-gamma (p < 0.001) and TNF-alpha (p < 0.001) signalling pathways. CONCLUSIONS: RvE1 attenuates atherogenesis both alone and on top of a statin. The local effects of RvE1 are demonstrated by the modulated aortic expression of genes involved in inflammatory and immune responses, without altering plasma cholesterol or circulating SAA." ], "offsets": [ [ 110, 1961 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "27236706_MESH:D050197_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "atherosclerosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 23, 38 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D050197" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D002784_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 53, 64 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D000069059_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "atorvastatin" ], "offsets": [ [ 96, 108 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000069059" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D002784_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 143, 154 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D007249_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "inflammation" ], "offsets": [ [ 171, 183 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007249" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D050197_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "atherogenesis" ], "offsets": [ [ 204, 217 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D050197" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:C565165_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "component of the disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 265, 289 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C565165" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D007249_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "inflammation" ], "offsets": [ [ 346, 358 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007249" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D015525_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "omega-3 fatty acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 475, 493 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015525" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D015118_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "eicosapentaenoic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 494, 515 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015118" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D050197_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "atherosclerosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 555, 570 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D050197" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D002784_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 621, 632 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_10090_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 672, 676 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D006938_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypercholesterolemic" ], "offsets": [ [ 688, 708 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006938" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D000069059_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "atorvastatin" ], "offsets": [ [ 805, 817 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000069059" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D000069059_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "atorvastatin" ], "offsets": [ [ 856, 868 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000069059" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D050197_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "atherosclerotic lesion" ], "offsets": [ [ 950, 972 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D050197" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D002784_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1154, 1165 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D002784_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1174, 1185 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D000069059_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "atorvastatin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1195, 1207 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000069059" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D050197_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "atherosclerosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1216, 1231 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D050197" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D000069059_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "atorvastatin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1282, 1294 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000069059" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_20339_22", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "E-selectin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1418, 1428 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "20339" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_22329_23", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "VCAM-1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1430, 1436 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "22329" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_384214_24", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "EPHX4" ], "offsets": [ [ 1468, 1473 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "384214" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_20296_25", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Ccl2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1572, 1576 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "20296" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_12774_26", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Ccr5" ], "offsets": [ [ 1578, 1582 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "12774" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_11491_27", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Adam17" ], "offsets": [ [ 1587, 1593 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11491" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_15978_28", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IFN-gamma" ], "offsets": [ [ 1625, 1634 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "15978" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_21926_29", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "TNF-alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 1651, 1660 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "21926" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D050197_30", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "atherogenesis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1723, 1736 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D050197" } ] }, { "id": "27236706_MESH:D002784_31", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1930, 1941 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35768787_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Psychiatric disorders and associated risk factors in a sample of adolescents in Gaborone, Botswana: a cross-sectional study." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 124 ] ] }, { "id": "35768787_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Despite the high proportion of adolescents living with mental health issues in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs), especially in Botswana, there is a significant deficit of local research to guide an increase in prevention and treatment. We, therefore, aimed to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of psychiatric disorders (PD) in a sample of secondary school students in Botswana. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 750 students from the 13 public secondary schools in Gaborone using a multi-stage sampling technique. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents (MINI-KID) was used to screen for PDs. RESULTS: The participant's mean age was 15.26 and SD 1.57 years, with 53.6% being female. Approximately 34% had a PD, with depression being the commonest, of whom 35% were neither receiving treatment nor aware of the available services. Perinatal complications (AOR = 4.29; 95%CI: 1.04-17.70), a family history of mental illness (AOR = 2.19; 95%CI: 1.17-4.11) and substance-related problems (AOR = 1.80; 95% CI:1.22-2.65) predicted the likelihood of developing PD. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings revealed that adolescents in Botswana have many mental health issues which may affect their developmental phases. A multi-sectoral collaboration is needed for the timely detection of identified risk factors and initiation of the necessary prevention and treatment measures." ], "offsets": [ [ 125, 1567 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "35768787_MESH:D001523_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Psychiatric disorders" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 21 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001523" } ] }, { "id": "35768787_-_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Gaborone" ], "offsets": [ [ 80, 88 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35768787_MESH:D001523_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "psychiatric disorders" ], "offsets": [ [ 457, 478 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001523" } ] }, { "id": "35768787_MESH:D010300_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PD" ], "offsets": [ [ 480, 482 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010300" } ] }, { "id": "35768787_-_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Gaborone" ], "offsets": [ [ 636, 644 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "35768787_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Children" ], "offsets": [ [ 739, 747 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35768787_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "participant" ], "offsets": [ [ 816, 827 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35768787_MESH:D010300_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PD" ], "offsets": [ [ 917, 919 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010300" } ] }, { "id": "35768787_MESH:D000275_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 926, 936 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "35768787_MESH:D002908_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mental illness" ], "offsets": [ [ 1117, 1131 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002908" } ] }, { "id": "35768787_MESH:D010300_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1264, 1266 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010300" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "30477901_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Candidatus Krumholzibacterium zodletonense gen. nov., sp nov, the first representative of the candidate phylum Krumholzibacteriota phyl. nov. recovered from an anoxic sulfidic spring using genome resolved metagenomics." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 218 ] ] }, { "id": "30477901_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The accumulation of genomes of uncultured organisms has highlighted the need for devising a taxonomic and nomenclature scheme to validate names and prevent redundancies. We here report on the recovery and analysis of four phylogenetically related genomes recovered from an anoxic sulfide and sulfur-rich spring (Zodletone spring) in southwestern Oklahoma. Phylogenetic analysis based on 120 single copy markers attested to their position as a novel distinct bacterial phylum. Genomic analysis suggests Gram-negative flagellated organisms that possess type IV pili. The organisms are predicted to be rod-shaped, slow-growers, with an anoxic, heterotrophic, and fermentative lifestyle. Predicted substrate utilization pattern includes multiple amino acids, dipeptides, tripeptides, and oligpopeptides; as well as few sugars. Predicted auxotrophies include proline, vitamin B6, lipoic acid, biotin, and vitamin B12. Assessment of the putative global distribution pattern of this novel lineage suggests its preference to anoxic marine, terrestrial, hydrocarbon-impacted, and freshwater habitats. We propose the candidatus name Krumholzibacterium zodletonense gen. nov, sp. nov. for Zgenome0171T, with the genome serving as the type material for the novel family Krumholzibacteriaceae fam. nov., order Krumholzibacteriales ord. nov., class Krumholzibacteria class nov., and phylum Krumholzibacteriota phyl. nov. The type material genome assembly is deposited in GenBank under accession number QTKG01000000." ], "offsets": [ [ 219, 1720 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "30477901_MESH:D013440_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sulfide" ], "offsets": [ [ 499, 506 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013440" } ] }, { "id": "30477901_MESH:D013455_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sulfur" ], "offsets": [ [ 511, 517 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013455" } ] }, { "id": "30477901_-_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Zodletone" ], "offsets": [ [ 531, 540 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "30477901_MESH:C537147_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Oklahoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 565, 573 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C537147" } ] }, { "id": "30477901_MESH:D004151_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dipeptides" ], "offsets": [ [ 974, 984 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004151" } ] }, { "id": "30477901_-_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "tripeptides" ], "offsets": [ [ 986, 997 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "30477901_-_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oligpopeptides" ], "offsets": [ [ 1003, 1017 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "30477901_MESH:D000073893_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sugars" ], "offsets": [ [ 1034, 1040 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000073893" } ] }, { "id": "30477901_MESH:D011392_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "proline" ], "offsets": [ [ 1073, 1080 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011392" } ] }, { "id": "30477901_MESH:D025101_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "vitamin B6" ], "offsets": [ [ 1082, 1092 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D025101" } ] }, { "id": "30477901_MESH:D008063_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipoic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 1094, 1105 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008063" } ] }, { "id": "30477901_MESH:D001710_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "biotin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1107, 1113 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001710" } ] }, { "id": "30477901_MESH:D014805_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "vitamin B12" ], "offsets": [ [ 1119, 1130 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014805" } ] }, { "id": "30477901_MESH:D006838_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "hydrocarbon" ], "offsets": [ [ 1264, 1275 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006838" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "1491075_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Time course of rise of muscle stiffness at onset of contraction induced by photorelease of ATP." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 95 ] ] }, { "id": "1491075_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Isometric contraction (9-10 degrees C) of skinned fibres from rat psoas muscle was elicited by photorelease of ATP (1.3-1.4 mM), and force (F), in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) stiffness were monitored. The sinusoidal length change for the stiffness measurement was approximately 0.09% fibre length and 200-1000 Hz. On photolysis, F and I initially fell, and then rose. The half-time of the rise of I was shorter than that of F. Contrary to the previous assumption, Q rose even earlier than I. Although the time courses of the rise of F and I were greatly affected by the presence of phosphate ion (Pi; 4 mM), its effect on Q was modest. We propose the following hypothesis: the rigor crossbridges, after binding ATP, initially enter a state characterized by high Q with low I and none or little F, and then, releasing Pi during passing the state with the increased I, reach the final force generating state." ], "offsets": [ [ 96, 1003 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "1491075_MESH:C566100_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "muscle stiffness" ], "offsets": [ [ 23, 39 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C566100" } ] }, { "id": "1491075_MESH:D000255_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ATP" ], "offsets": [ [ 91, 94 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000255" } ] }, { "id": "1491075_10116_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 158, 161 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "1491075_MESH:D000255_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ATP" ], "offsets": [ [ 207, 210 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000255" } ] }, { "id": "1491075_MESH:D010710_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "phosphate" ], "offsets": [ [ 679, 688 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010710" } ] }, { "id": "1491075_MESH:D000255_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ATP" ], "offsets": [ [ 808, 811 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000255" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35511663_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Posterior chamber implantation of iris-claw intraocular lenses in a child with bilateral dislocated spherophakia]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 115 ] ] }, { "id": "35511663_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A 6-year-old boy with blurred vision for 18 months was diagnosed as bilateral spherophakia and ectopia lentis. He received lensectomy and implantation of an iris-claw intraocular lens in the posterior chamber in both eyes. Good visual results were achieved, and there were no complications during the two-year follow-up." ], "offsets": [ [ 116, 436 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "35511663_MESH:D009798_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "intraocular" ], "offsets": [ [ 45, 56 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009798" } ] }, { "id": "35511663_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "child" ], "offsets": [ [ 69, 74 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35511663_MESH:D056846_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bilateral dislocated spherophakia" ], "offsets": [ [ 80, 113 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056846" } ] }, { "id": "35511663_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "boy" ], "offsets": [ [ 129, 132 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35511663_MESH:D014786_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "blurred vision" ], "offsets": [ [ 138, 152 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014786" } ] }, { "id": "35511663_MESH:C536184_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "spherophakia and ectopia lentis" ], "offsets": [ [ 194, 225 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C536184" } ] }, { "id": "35511663_MESH:D009798_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "intraocular" ], "offsets": [ [ 283, 294 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009798" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31513160_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Achievement of consensus and standardization of methods in dentistry on the example of studies of support reactions (posturography, stabilometry)]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 148 ] ] }, { "id": "31513160_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Comprehensive treatment of dental pathology involves a multidisciplinary integration of doctors, the use of general physiological control methods and correction of human conditions, such as study of support reactions (on the stabilometric platform). Participation of dentists in the public scientific-methodological initiative 'Moscow consensus on the use of stabilometry and biofeedback for the support reactions in public health practice and research' increases the efficiency of application of this method in dentistry and the development of relationships with other practical areas." ], "offsets": [ [ 149, 735 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "31513160_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 313, 318 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "4200315_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[An unusual oesophageal foreign body]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 38 ] ] }, { "id": "4200315_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 39, 39 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "23578903_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Incidence of dementia in older adults with intellectual disabilities." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 69 ] ] }, { "id": "23578903_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Dementia may be more common in older adults with intellectual disability (ID) than in the general population. The increased risk for Alzheimer's disease in people with Down syndrome (DS) is well established, but much less is known about dementia in adults with ID who do not have DS. We estimated incidence rates from a longitudinal study of dementia in older adults with ID without DS and compared them to general population rates. 222 participants with ID without DS aged 60 years and older were followed up an average of 2.9 years later to identify those who had declined in functional or cognitive abilities. Those who screened positive had a comprehensive assessment for dementia, diagnosed using ICD 10 and DSM IV criteria. 134 participants who did not have dementia at initial assessment were alive and interviewed at follow up; 21 (15.7%) were diagnosed with dementia. Overall incidence rate for those aged >= 60 was 54.6/1000 person years (95% CI 34.1-82.3). The highest incidence rate (97.8/1000 person years) was in the age group 70-74. Standardised incidence ratio for those aged >= 65 was 4.98 (95% CI 1.62-11.67). Incidence of dementia in older people with intellectual disabilities are up to five times higher than older adults in the general population. Screening may be useful in this population given the high incident rates, particularly as more effective treatments become available. Studies to explore the underlying aetiological factors for dementia associated with intellectual disability could help to identify novel protective and risk factors." ], "offsets": [ [ 70, 1639 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "23578903_MESH:D003704_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 13, 21 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] }, { "id": "23578903_MESH:D003704_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 70, 78 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] }, { "id": "23578903_MESH:D000544_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Alzheimer's disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 203, 222 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000544" } ] }, { "id": "23578903_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "people" ], "offsets": [ [ 226, 232 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23578903_MESH:D003704_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 307, 315 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] }, { "id": "23578903_MESH:D003704_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 412, 420 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] }, { "id": "23578903_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "participants" ], "offsets": [ [ 507, 519 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23578903_MESH:D003072_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cognitive abilities" ], "offsets": [ [ 662, 681 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003072" } ] }, { "id": "23578903_MESH:D003704_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 746, 754 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] }, { "id": "23578903_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "participants" ], "offsets": [ [ 804, 816 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23578903_MESH:D003704_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 834, 842 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] }, { "id": "23578903_MESH:D003704_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 937, 945 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] }, { "id": "23578903_MESH:D003704_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1211, 1219 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] }, { "id": "23578903_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "people" ], "offsets": [ [ 1229, 1235 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23578903_MESH:D003704_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1533, 1541 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "19535863_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Local structure of uncapped and capped InGaN/GaN quantum dots." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 62 ] ] }, { "id": "19535863_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The local structure around the indium atoms in uncapped and capped In(x)Ga(1-x)N quantum dots has been studied by In K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. The samples were grown by metal organic vapour phase epitaxy. The EXAFS was successfully applied to study the structural properties of buried quantum dots which are not optically active. The analysis revealed that capping the quantum dots with GaN does not affect the bond distances of the In-N and In-Ga, but makes the In-In distance shorter by 0.04 A." ], "offsets": [ [ 63, 603 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "19535863_8139_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GaN" ], "offsets": [ [ 45, 48 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "8139" } ] }, { "id": "19535863_MESH:D007204_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "indium" ], "offsets": [ [ 94, 100 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007204" } ] }, { "id": "19535863_MESH:C562844_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "(x)Ga(1-x)N" ], "offsets": [ [ 132, 143 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C562844" } ] }, { "id": "19535863_MESH:D008670_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "metal" ], "offsets": [ [ 276, 281 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008670" } ] }, { "id": "19535863_8139_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GaN" ], "offsets": [ [ 494, 497 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "8139" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "24593386_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Acoustic study of a linear low-density polyethylene film after modification of the crystalline structure by heating." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 116 ] ] }, { "id": "24593386_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "We report on a hybrid microscopy technique that enables us to measure the acoustic properties of a thin polymer film together with an optical microscope image of the corresponding area. Linear low-density polyethylene films are heated to various temperatures and examined by the technique. Density of the film is increased by heating and its sound velocity is decreased compared with a film without heating. Also, spherulites can clearly be seen in the optical microscope image, supporting the thermal shrinkage of the film which can be detected by the present technique." ], "offsets": [ [ 117, 688 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "24593386_MESH:D020959_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polyethylene" ], "offsets": [ [ 39, 51 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020959" } ] }, { "id": "24593386_MESH:D011108_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polymer" ], "offsets": [ [ 221, 228 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011108" } ] }, { "id": "24593386_MESH:D020959_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polyethylene" ], "offsets": [ [ 322, 334 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020959" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3490128_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Determination of S-adenosylhomocysteine in tissues following pharmacological inhibition of S-adenosylhomocysteine catabolism." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 125 ] ] }, { "id": "3490128_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 126, 126 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "3490128_MESH:D012435_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "S-adenosylhomocysteine" ], "offsets": [ [ 17, 39 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012435" } ] }, { "id": "3490128_MESH:D012435_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "S-adenosylhomocysteine" ], "offsets": [ [ 91, 113 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012435" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "27841262_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Quantum criticality in an organic spin-liquid insulator kappa-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu2(CN)3." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 82 ] ] }, { "id": "27841262_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A quantum spin-liquid state, an exotic state of matter, appears when strong quantum fluctuations enhanced by competing exchange interactions suppress a magnetically ordered state. Generally, when an ordered state is continuously suppressed to 0 K by an external parameter, a quantum phase transition occurs. It exhibits critical scaling behaviour, characterized only by a few basic properties such as dimensions and symmetry. Here we report the low-temperature magnetic torque measurements in an organic triangular-lattice antiferromagnet, kappa-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu2(CN)3, where BEDT-TTF stands for bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene. It is found that the magnetic susceptibilities derived from the torque data exhibit a universal critical scaling, indicating the quantum critical point at zero magnetic field, and the critical exponents, gamma=0.83(6) and nuz=1.0(1). These exponents greatly constrain the theoretical models for the quantum spin liquid, and at present, there is no theory to explain the values, to the best of our knowledge." ], "offsets": [ [ 83, 1122 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "27841262_MESH:C472948_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene" ], "offsets": [ [ 676, 713 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C472948" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18861069_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Traumatic uraemia; a collective review." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 39 ] ] }, { "id": "18861069_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 40, 40 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "18861069_MESH:D014947_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Traumatic uraemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 17 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014947" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "1887454_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Variation in suicide occurrence by time of day, day of the week, month, and lunar phase." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 88 ] ] }, { "id": "1887454_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Previous studies suggest that suicide occurrence varies by month and day of the week, but not by lunar phase. Variation by time of day has never before been adequately examined; to our knowledge, all previous studies have failed to obtain time-of-death information for a large percentage of cases. We examined suicide occurrence among residents of Sacramento County, CA, during the period from 1925 to 1983. Data were abstracted from coroner's autopsy and investigative reports. In contrast to previous studies, data on time of death were available for a large percentage of cases. 4,190 suicide deaths were identified during the study period. Suicide occurrence varied substantially by time of day; for both sexes and for ages under 65 years, the fewest suicide deaths occurred during the early morning hours, from 0401 to 0800. For recent years of the study, suicides occurred most frequently on Monday for both males and females and for most age groups. Variation by month followed no consistent pattern by gender, age, years of the study, or combinations of these factors. Contrary to popular belief, suicide occurrence did not vary by lunar phase." ], "offsets": [ [ 89, 1241 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "1887454_MESH:D003643_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "death" ], "offsets": [ [ 336, 341 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "1887454_MESH:D003643_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "death" ], "offsets": [ [ 617, 622 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "1887454_MESH:D003643_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "deaths" ], "offsets": [ [ 685, 691 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "1887454_MESH:D003643_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "deaths" ], "offsets": [ [ 852, 858 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "10866722_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Influence of an anaesthetist on nurse-led, computer-based, pre-operative assessment." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 84 ] ] }, { "id": "10866722_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Trained nurses using a rule-based computer program can successfully carry out pre-anaesthesia screening. All medical problems and abnormal laboratory results need to be reviewed by an experienced anaesthetist. Following the introduction of this system, there was a reduction in the frequency of cancellations of patients from elective orthopaedic operating lists from 4.8% to 1.8%, a difference that was statistically significant (p = 0.03, CI = [0.6%, 5.5%]). To minimise cancellations from booked operating lists, a booked admissions policy is essential, so that the anaesthetist who will eventually be responsible for patients with medical problems can be identified. Cancellations cannot be avoided completely because some abnormal conditions arise or deteriorate after completion of the screening process. The anaesthetist responsible for the patient's anaesthetic may have different views of the risks involved from those of the anaesthetist undertaking the screening process." ], "offsets": [ [ 85, 1067 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "10866722_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 397, 405 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "10866722_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 706, 714 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "10866722_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 933, 940 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20463383_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Detoxification of gold nanorods by conjugation with thiolated poly(ethylene glycol) and their assessment as SERS-active carriers of Raman tags." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 143 ] ] }, { "id": "20463383_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "We present an effective, low cost protocol to reduce the toxicity of gold nanorods induced by the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) on their lateral surface as a result of the synthesis process. Here, we use thiolated methoxy-poly(ethylene) glycol (mPEG-SH) polymer to displace most of the CTAB bilayer cap from the particle surface. The detoxification process, chemical and structural stability of as-prepared mPEG-SH-conjugated gold nanorods were characterized using a number of techniques including localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). In view of future applications as near-infrared (NIR) nanoheaters in localized photothermal therapy of cancer, we investigated the thermal behaviour of mPEG-SH-conjugated gold nanorods above room temperature. We found a critical temperature at around 40 degrees C at which the adsorbed polymer layer is susceptible to undergo conformational changes. Additionally, we believe that such plasmonic nanoprobes could act as SERS-active carriers of Raman tags for application in cellular imaging. In this sense we successfully tested them as effective SERS substrates at 785 nm laser line with p-aminothiophenol (pATP) as a tag molecule." ], "offsets": [ [ 144, 1424 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "20463383_-_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "thiolated poly(ethylene glycol)" ], "offsets": [ [ 52, 83 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "20463383_-_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "SERS" ], "offsets": [ [ 108, 112 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "20463383_MESH:D064420_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "toxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 201, 209 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064420" } ] }, { "id": "20463383_MESH:D000077286_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cetyltrimethylammonium bromide" ], "offsets": [ [ 254, 284 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077286" } ] }, { "id": "20463383_MESH:D000077286_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CTAB" ], "offsets": [ [ 286, 290 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077286" } ] }, { "id": "20463383_-_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "thiolated methoxy-poly(ethylene) glycol" ], "offsets": [ [ 368, 407 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "20463383_-_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "mPEG-SH" ], "offsets": [ [ 409, 416 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "20463383_MESH:D000077286_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CTAB" ], "offsets": [ [ 450, 454 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077286" } ] }, { "id": "20463383_MESH:C028210_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "mPEG" ], "offsets": [ [ 571, 575 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C028210" } ] }, { "id": "20463383_MESH:D009369_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 896, 902 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "20463383_MESH:C028210_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "mPEG" ], "offsets": [ [ 945, 949 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C028210" } ] }, { "id": "20463383_MESH:D011108_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polymer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1079, 1086 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011108" } ] }, { "id": "20463383_-_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "SERS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1212, 1216 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "20463383_-_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Raman" ], "offsets": [ [ 1236, 1241 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "20463383_-_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "SERS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1339, 1343 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "20463383_MESH:C064316_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "p-aminothiophenol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1381, 1398 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C064316" } ] }, { "id": "20463383_MESH:C064316_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "pATP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1400, 1404 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C064316" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "32875153_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Necrotizing myositis in a rectus muscle arising in the setting of long-standing Langerhans cell histiocystosis and recent dabrafenib treatment." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 143 ] ] }, { "id": "32875153_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Purpose: to describe an unusual case of necrotizing myositis in a rectus muscle, possibly related to BRAF inhibitor therapy. Observations: An 18-year old man with neurodegenerative Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), recently started on the BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib, presented with right eye pain. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) orbits revealed a rectus muscle mass concerning for LCH recurrence or malignancy. Dabrafenib was stopped, and incisional biopsy of the mass was performed. The mass was absent on post-operative MRI, so no further treatment was pursued. Histopathologic evaluation was initially concerning for sarcoma, but on further analysis, appeared more consistent with necrotizing myositis. The mass did not recur, nor did the patient develop other signs or symptoms concerning for myositis or malignancy over a 24-month follow-up period. Conclusions: Necrotizing myositis has not been previously described in a rectus muscle or with BRAF inhibitor use, though myalgias and malignancies are established side effects. Necrotizing myositis may masquerade as sarcoma and should be on the differential diagnosis for a new mass in the setting of dabrafenib therapy." ], "offsets": [ [ 144, 1323 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "32875153_MESH:D009220_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Necrotizing myositis" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 20 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009220" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_MESH:D054752_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Langerhans cell histiocystosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 80, 110 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D054752" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_MESH:C561627_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dabrafenib" ], "offsets": [ [ 122, 132 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C561627" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_MESH:D009220_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "necrotizing myositis" ], "offsets": [ [ 184, 204 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009220" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_673_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "BRAF" ], "offsets": [ [ 245, 249 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "673" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_MESH:C538636_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "neurodegenerative Langerhans cell histiocytosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 307, 354 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C538636" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_673_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "BRAF" ], "offsets": [ [ 386, 390 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "673" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_MESH:C561627_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dabrafenib" ], "offsets": [ [ 401, 411 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C561627" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_MESH:D058447_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "right eye pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 428, 442 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D058447" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_MESH:D009369_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignancy" ], "offsets": [ [ 547, 557 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_MESH:C561627_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Dabrafenib" ], "offsets": [ [ 559, 569 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C561627" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_MESH:D012509_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sarcoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 768, 775 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012509" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_MESH:D009220_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "necrotizing myositis" ], "offsets": [ [ 832, 852 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009220" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 890, 897 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_MESH:D009220_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myositis or malignancy" ], "offsets": [ [ 945, 967 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009220" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_MESH:D009220_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Necrotizing myositis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1015, 1035 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009220" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_673_16", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "BRAF" ], "offsets": [ [ 1097, 1101 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "673" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_MESH:D063806_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myalgias" ], "offsets": [ [ 1124, 1132 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D063806" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_MESH:D009369_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignancies" ], "offsets": [ [ 1137, 1149 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_MESH:D009220_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Necrotizing myositis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1180, 1200 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009220" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_MESH:D012509_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sarcoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 1219, 1226 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012509" } ] }, { "id": "32875153_MESH:C561627_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dabrafenib" ], "offsets": [ [ 1304, 1314 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C561627" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "4918179_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "An evaluation of the microbiology portions of the 1969 basic, comprehensive, and special College of American Pathologists proficiency testing surveys." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 150 ] ] }, { "id": "4918179_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 151, 151 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "24128489_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Mode of endosperm and wholemeal arabinoxylans solubilisation during rye breadmaking: genotypic diversity in the level, substitution degree and macromolecular characteristics." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 174 ] ] }, { "id": "24128489_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Insight into solubilisation mechanisms of rye arabinoxylans during breadmaking is important for understanding the biochemical processes that affect bread attributes. Purified ethanol precipitated water-extractable arabinoxylans (WE-AX) and residual unextractable counterparts (WU-AX) were isolated from rye flours and resulting breads. While the endosperm flours had lower endoxylanase activities and higher arabinose-to-xylose ratios of WU-AX than those of corresponding wholemeals, there were not any significant differences between them in the mean amounts of WU-AX hydrolysed during breadmaking. Nevertheless, they were highly affected by rye cultivar used for breadmaking. On average, 42% and 36% of WU-AX were recovered in bread WE-AX fraction, causing its 11% and 8% increase, respectively for endosperm and wholemeal breads. Bread WE-AX, however, had lower molecular weights than those of starting flours, implying chains depolymerisation. Degree of AX solubilisation depends mainly on rye genotype used, determining combined effect of enzymatic and acid hydrolyses, associations and fine structure of AX." ], "offsets": [ [ 175, 1288 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "24128489_MESH:C085118_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "arabinoxylans" ], "offsets": [ [ 32, 45 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C085118" } ] }, { "id": "24128489_MESH:D000431_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ethanol" ], "offsets": [ [ 350, 357 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000431" } ] }, { "id": "24128489_MESH:D014867_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 371, 376 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "24128489_MESH:D000658_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "AX" ], "offsets": [ [ 407, 409 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000658" } ] }, { "id": "24128489_MESH:D000658_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "AX" ], "offsets": [ [ 455, 457 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000658" } ] }, { "id": "24128489_MESH:D001089_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "arabinose" ], "offsets": [ [ 583, 592 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001089" } ] }, { "id": "24128489_MESH:D014994_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "xylose" ], "offsets": [ [ 596, 602 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014994" } ] }, { "id": "24128489_-_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "WU-AX" ], "offsets": [ [ 613, 618 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "24128489_-_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "WU-AX" ], "offsets": [ [ 738, 743 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "24128489_MESH:D000658_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "AX" ], "offsets": [ [ 883, 885 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000658" } ] }, { "id": "24128489_MESH:D000658_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "AX" ], "offsets": [ [ 913, 915 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000658" } ] }, { "id": "24128489_MESH:D000658_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "AX" ], "offsets": [ [ 1017, 1019 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000658" } ] }, { "id": "24128489_MESH:D000658_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "AX" ], "offsets": [ [ 1133, 1135 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000658" } ] }, { "id": "24128489_MESH:D000658_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "AX" ], "offsets": [ [ 1285, 1287 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000658" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "15884760_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Maternal dietary conjugated linoleic acid alters hepatic triacylglycerol and tissue fatty acids in hatched chicks." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 114 ] ] }, { "id": "15884760_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The effects of feeding CLA to hens on newly hatched chick hepatic and carcass lipid content, liver TAG accumulation, and FA incorporation in chick tissues such as liver, heart, brain, and adipose were studied. These tissues were selected owing to their respective roles in lipid assimilation (liver), as a major oxidation site (heart), as a site enriched with long-chain polyunsaturates for function (brain), and as a storage depot (adipose). Eggs with no, low, or high levels of CLA were produced by feeding hens a corn-soybean meal-basal diet containing 3% (w/w) corn oil (Control), 2.5% corn oil + 0.5% CLA oil (CLA1), or 2% corn oil + 1.0% CLA oil (CLA2). The egg yolk content of total CLA was 0.0, 1.0, and 2.6% for Control, CLA1, and CLA2, respectively (P< 0.05). Maternal dietary CLA resulted in a decrease in chick carcass total fat (P < 0.05). Liver tissue of CLA2 chicks had the lowest fat content (P < 0.05). The liver TAG content was 8.2, 5.8, and 5.1 mg/g for Control, CLA1, and CLA2 chicks, respectively(P < 0.05). The chicks hatched from CLA1 and CLA2 incorporated higher levels of cis-9,trans-11 CLA in the liver, plasma, adipose, and brain than Control (P< 0.05). The content of 18:0 was higher in the liver, plasma, adipose, and brain of CLA1 and CLA2 than Control (P< 0.05), but no difference was observed in the 18:0 content of heart tissue. A significant reduction in 18:1 was observed in the liver, plasma, adipose, heart, and brain of CLA1 and CLA2 chicks (P< 0.05). DHA (22:6n-3) was reduced in the heart and brain of CLA1 and CLA2 chicks (P < 0.05). No difference was observed in carcass weight, dry matter, or ash content of chicks (P> 0.05). The hatchabilities of fertile eggs were 78, 34, and 38% for Control, CLA1, and CLA2, respectively (P< 0.05). The early dead chicks were higher in CLA1 and CLA2 than Control (18 and 32% compared with 9% for Control), and alive but not hatched chicks were 15 and 19% for CLAl and CLA2, compared with 8% for Control (P < 0.05). Maternal supplementation with CLA leads to a reduction in hatchability, liver TAG, and carcass total fat in newly hatched chicks." ], "offsets": [ [ 115, 2238 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "15884760_MESH:D019787_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "linoleic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 28, 41 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019787" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_MESH:D014280_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "triacylglycerol" ], "offsets": [ [ 57, 72 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014280" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_MESH:D005227_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "fatty acids" ], "offsets": [ [ 84, 95 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005227" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_9031_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "hens" ], "offsets": [ [ 145, 149 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9031" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_9031_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "chick" ], "offsets": [ [ 167, 172 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9031" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_MESH:D008055_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipid" ], "offsets": [ [ 193, 198 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_9031_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "chick" ], "offsets": [ [ 256, 261 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9031" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_MESH:D008055_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipid" ], "offsets": [ [ 388, 393 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_-_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polyunsaturates" ], "offsets": [ [ 486, 501 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_-_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CLA" ], "offsets": [ [ 595, 598 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_9031_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "hens" ], "offsets": [ [ 624, 628 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9031" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_3847_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "soybean" ], "offsets": [ [ 636, 643 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3847" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_-_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CLA oil" ], "offsets": [ [ 721, 728 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_-_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CLA1" ], "offsets": [ [ 730, 734 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_-_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CLA oil" ], "offsets": [ [ 759, 766 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_-_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CLA2" ], "offsets": [ [ 768, 772 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_9031_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "chick" ], "offsets": [ [ 932, 937 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9031" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_-_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cis-9" ], "offsets": [ [ 1212, 1217 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_-_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "trans-11 CLA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1218, 1230 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_MESH:D015352_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dry matter" ], "offsets": [ [ 1736, 1746 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015352" } ] }, { "id": "15884760_-_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CLA" ], "offsets": [ [ 2139, 2142 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "30755150_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Anticoagulation risk assessment for patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism: A clinical review." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 129 ] ] }, { "id": "30755150_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Non-valvular atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism anticoagulation risk assessment tools have been increasingly utilized to guide implementation and duration of anticoagulant therapy. Anticoagulation significantly reduces stroke and recurrent venous thromboembolism risk, but comes at the cost of increased risk of major and clinically relevant non-major bleeding. The decision for anticoagulation in high-risk patients is complicated by the fact that many risk factors associated with increased thromboembolic risk are simultaneously associated with increased bleeding risk. Traditional risk assessment tools rely heavily on age, sex, and presence of cardiovascular comorbidities, with newer tools additionally taking into account changes in risk factors over time and novel biomarkers to facilitate more personalized risk assessment. These tools may help counsel and inform patients about the risks and benefits of starting or continuing anticoagulant therapy and can identify patients who may benefit from more careful management. Although the ability to predict anticoagulant-associated hemorrhagic risk is modest, ischemic and bleeding risk scores have been shown to add significant value to therapeutic management decisions. Ultimately, further work is needed to optimally implement accurate and actionable risk stratification into clinical practice." ], "offsets": [ [ 130, 1495 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "30755150_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 36, 44 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30755150_MESH:D001281_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "atrial fibrillation" ], "offsets": [ [ 63, 82 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001281" } ] }, { "id": "30755150_MESH:D054556_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "venous thromboembolism" ], "offsets": [ [ 87, 109 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D054556" } ] }, { "id": "30755150_MESH:D001281_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Non-valvular atrial fibrillation" ], "offsets": [ [ 130, 162 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001281" } ] }, { "id": "30755150_MESH:D054556_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "venous thromboembolism" ], "offsets": [ [ 167, 189 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D054556" } ] }, { "id": "30755150_MESH:D020521_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stroke" ], "offsets": [ [ 361, 367 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020521" } ] }, { "id": "30755150_MESH:D054556_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "venous thromboembolism" ], "offsets": [ [ 382, 404 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D054556" } ] }, { "id": "30755150_MESH:D006470_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bleeding" ], "offsets": [ [ 494, 502 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006470" } ] }, { "id": "30755150_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 550, 558 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30755150_MESH:D013923_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "thromboembolic" ], "offsets": [ [ 635, 649 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013923" } ] }, { "id": "30755150_MESH:D006470_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bleeding" ], "offsets": [ [ 700, 708 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006470" } ] }, { "id": "30755150_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1015, 1023 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30755150_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1118, 1126 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30755150_MESH:D006470_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hemorrhagic" ], "offsets": [ [ 1230, 1241 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006470" } ] }, { "id": "30755150_MESH:D007511_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ischemic" ], "offsets": [ [ 1258, 1266 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007511" } ] }, { "id": "30755150_MESH:D006470_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bleeding" ], "offsets": [ [ 1271, 1279 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006470" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "17349864_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Histamine and schizophrenia." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 28 ] ] }, { "id": "17349864_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "With the availability of an increased number of experimental tools, for example potent and brain-penetrating H1-, H2-, and H3-receptor ligands and mutant mice lacking the histamine synthesis enzyme or the histamine receptors, the functional roles of histaminergic neurons in the brain have been considerably clarified during the recent years, particularly their major role in the control of arousal, cognition, and energy balance. Various approaches tend to establish the implication of histaminergic neurons in schizophrenia. A strong hyperactivity of histamine neurons is induced in rodent brain by administration of methamphetamine or NMDA-receptor antagonists. Histamine neuron activity is modulated by typical and atypical neuroleptics. H3-receptor antagonists/inverse agonists display antipsychotic-like properties in animal models of the disease. Because of the limited predictability value of most animal models and the paucity of drugs affecting histaminergic transmission that were tried so far in human, the evidence remains therefore largely indirect, but supports a role of histamine neurons in schizophrenia." ], "offsets": [ [ 29, 1151 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "17349864_MESH:D006632_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Histamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 9 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006632" } ] }, { "id": "17349864_MESH:D012559_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "schizophrenia" ], "offsets": [ [ 14, 27 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012559" } ] }, { "id": "17349864_10090_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 183, 187 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "17349864_MESH:D006632_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "histamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 200, 209 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006632" } ] }, { "id": "17349864_MESH:D006632_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "histamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 234, 243 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006632" } ] }, { "id": "17349864_MESH:D012559_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "schizophrenia" ], "offsets": [ [ 541, 554 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012559" } ] }, { "id": "17349864_MESH:D006948_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hyperactivity" ], "offsets": [ [ 565, 578 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006948" } ] }, { "id": "17349864_MESH:D006632_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "histamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 582, 591 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006632" } ] }, { "id": "17349864_MESH:D008694_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "methamphetamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 648, 663 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008694" } ] }, { "id": "17349864_MESH:D016202_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "NMDA" ], "offsets": [ [ 667, 671 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016202" } ] }, { "id": "17349864_MESH:D006632_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Histamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 694, 703 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006632" } ] }, { "id": "17349864_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 1037, 1042 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "17349864_MESH:D006632_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "histamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1116, 1125 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006632" } ] }, { "id": "17349864_MESH:D012559_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "schizophrenia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1137, 1150 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012559" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "8906740_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Regulation of IgE and cytokine production by cAMP: implications for extrinsic asthma." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 85 ] ] }, { "id": "8906740_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Recent investigations indicate that pharmacologic agents which elevate intracellular levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP) also enhance immunoglobulin E (IgE) production. This review proposes that elevation of intracellular cAMP is a prominent mechanism which enhances IgE production. Enhancement is mediated by two mechanisms. First, cAMP-elevating agents directly target B lymphocytes, promoting recombination of the Ig heavy chain loci. Second, these agents indirectly promote IgE production by inducing a T-helper type 2 (Th2) profile of cytokine secretion. In turn, Th2-type cytokines interact with B lymphocytes and direct isotype switching to the epsilon locus. One type of cAMP-elevating agents, the beta2-adrenergic receptor agonists (beta2-agonists), are used to treat asthma. A number of detrimental phenomena have been associated with beta2-agonist use such as, rebound hyperresponsiveness and increases in asthma mortality. This review theorizes that beta2-agonists enhance IgE and Th2 cytokine production and that these mediators exacerbate extrinsic, IgE-dependent asthma." ], "offsets": [ [ 86, 1163 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "8906740_3497_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IgE" ], "offsets": [ [ 14, 17 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3497" } ] }, { "id": "8906740_MESH:D000242_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cAMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 45, 49 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000242" } ] }, { "id": "8906740_MESH:D001249_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "asthma" ], "offsets": [ [ 78, 84 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001249" } ] }, { "id": "8906740_MESH:D000242_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cyclic AMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 181, 191 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000242" } ] }, { "id": "8906740_MESH:D000242_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cAMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 193, 197 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000242" } ] }, { "id": "8906740_3497_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "immunoglobulin E" ], "offsets": [ [ 212, 228 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3497" } ] }, { "id": "8906740_3497_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IgE" ], "offsets": [ [ 230, 233 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3497" } ] }, { "id": "8906740_MESH:D000242_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cAMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 300, 304 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000242" } ] }, { "id": "8906740_3497_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IgE" ], "offsets": [ [ 345, 348 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3497" } ] }, { "id": "8906740_MESH:D000242_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cAMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 411, 415 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000242" } ] }, { "id": "8906740_3497_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IgE" ], "offsets": [ [ 556, 559 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3497" } ] }, { "id": "8906740_MESH:D000242_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cAMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 757, 761 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000242" } ] }, { "id": "8906740_MESH:D001249_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "asthma" ], "offsets": [ [ 855, 861 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001249" } ] }, { "id": "8906740_MESH:C566007_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "detrimental phenomena" ], "offsets": [ [ 875, 896 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C566007" } ] }, { "id": "8906740_23545_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta2-" ], "offsets": [ [ 923, 929 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "23545" } ] }, { "id": "8906740_MESH:D001249_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "asthma" ], "offsets": [ [ 995, 1001 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001249" } ] }, { "id": "8906740_MESH:D003643_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mortality" ], "offsets": [ [ 1002, 1011 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "8906740_3497_17", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IgE" ], "offsets": [ [ 1063, 1066 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3497" } ] }, { "id": "8906740_3497_18", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IgE" ], "offsets": [ [ 1142, 1145 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3497" } ] }, { "id": "8906740_MESH:D001249_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "asthma" ], "offsets": [ [ 1156, 1162 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001249" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9750680_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Pressure exerted on tracheal cuffs in intubation in the presence of nitrous oxide]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 84 ] ] }, { "id": "9750680_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: To compare the time course of endotracheal tube cuff pressures in presence of nitrous oxide (N2O), obtained in a tracheal model with those measured during clinical anaesthesia. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental and clinical prospective study. MATERIAL: Twelve brands of low-pressure tracheal tubes. METHODS: The pressure changes in the cuffs were measured over a three-hour-period in presence of a N2O (50 vol%)/O2 (50 vol%) mixture and mechanical ventilation, the tube being inserted either in a tracheal model or in the trachea of patients during general anaesthesia. RESULTS: The results obtained in vitro were correlated with those measured in the patients. Therefore the tracheal model is a helpful guide for the choice of endotracheal tubes." ], "offsets": [ [ 85, 836 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "9750680_MESH:D009609_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nitrous oxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 69, 82 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009609" } ] }, { "id": "9750680_MESH:D009609_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nitrous oxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 174, 187 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009609" } ] }, { "id": "9750680_MESH:D009609_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "N2O" ], "offsets": [ [ 189, 192 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009609" } ] }, { "id": "9750680_MESH:D009609_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "N2O" ], "offsets": [ [ 487, 490 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009609" } ] }, { "id": "9750680_MESH:D010100_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "O2" ], "offsets": [ [ 501, 503 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "9750680_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 622, 630 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9750680_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 741, 749 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9636112_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Voltage-clamp analysis and computer simulation of a novel cesium-resistant A-current in guinea pig laterodorsal tegmental neurons." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 130 ] ] }, { "id": "9636112_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Increased firing of cholinergic neurons of the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDT) plays a critical role in generating the behavioral states of arousal and rapid eye movement sleep. The majority of these neurons exhibit a prominent transient potassium current (IA) that shapes firing but the properties of which have not been examined in detail. Although IA has been reported to be blocked by intracellular cesium, the IA in LDT neurons appeared resistant to intracellular cesium. The present study compared the properties of this cesium-resistant current to those typically ascribed to IA. Whole cell recordings were obtained from LDT neurons (n = 67) in brain slices with potassium- or cesium-containing pipette solutions. A transient current was observed in cells dialyzed with each solution (KGluc-85%; CsGluc-79%). However, in cesium-dialyzed neurons, the transient current was inward at test potentials negative to about -35 mV. Extracellular 4-aminopyridine (4-AP; 2-5 mM) blocked both inward and outward current, suggesting the inward current was reversed IA rather than an unmasked transient calcium current as previously suggested. This conclusion was supported by increasing [K]o from 5 to 15 mM, which shifted the reversal potential positively for both inward and outward current (+17.89 +/- 0.41 mV; mean +/- SE). Moreover, recovery from inactivation was rapid (tau = 15.5 +/- 4 ms; n = 4), as reported for IA, and both inward and outward transient current persisted in calcium-free solution [0 calcium/4 mM ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N', N'-tetraacetic acid; n = 4] and during cadmium-blockade of calcium currents (n = 3). Finally, the transient current was blocked by intracellular 4-AP indicating that adequate dialysis occurred during the recordings. Thus the Cs-resistant current is a subthreshold IA. We also estimated the voltage-dependence of activation (V1/2 = -45.8 +/- 2 mV, k = 5.21 +/- 0.62 mV, n = 6) and inactivation (V1/2 = -59. 0 +/- 2.38 mV, k = -5.4 +/- 0.49 mV, n = 3) of this current. Computer simulations using a morphologically accurate model cell indicated that except for the extreme case of only distal A-channels and a high intracellular resistivity, our parameter estimates were good approximations. In conclusion, guinea pig LDT neurons express subthreshold A-channels that are resistant to intracellular cesium ions. This suggests that these channels differ fundamentally in their ion permeation mechanism from those previously studied. It remains to be determined if Cs+ resistance is common among brain A-channels or if this property is conferred by known A-channel subunits." ], "offsets": [ [ 131, 2772 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "9636112_MESH:D002586_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cesium" ], "offsets": [ [ 58, 64 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002586" } ] }, { "id": "9636112_10141_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "guinea pig" ], "offsets": [ [ 88, 98 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10141" } ] }, { "id": "9636112_MESH:D012893_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "eye movement sleep" ], "offsets": [ [ 294, 312 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012893" } ] }, { "id": "9636112_MESH:D011188_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "potassium" ], "offsets": [ [ 374, 383 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011188" } ] }, { "id": "9636112_MESH:D002586_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cesium" ], "offsets": [ [ 539, 545 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002586" } ] }, { "id": "9636112_MESH:D002586_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cesium" ], "offsets": [ [ 605, 611 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002586" } ] }, { "id": "9636112_MESH:D002586_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cesium" ], "offsets": [ [ 663, 669 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002586" } ] }, { "id": "9636112_MESH:D011188_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "potassium" ], "offsets": [ [ 806, 815 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011188" } ] }, { "id": "9636112_MESH:D002586_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cesium" ], "offsets": [ [ 820, 826 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002586" } ] }, { "id": "9636112_MESH:D002586_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cesium" ], "offsets": [ [ 964, 970 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002586" } ] }, { "id": "9636112_MESH:D015761_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "4-aminopyridine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1081, 1096 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015761" } ] }, { "id": "9636112_MESH:D015761_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "4-AP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1098, 1102 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015761" } ] }, { "id": "9636112_MESH:D002118_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "calcium" ], "offsets": [ [ 1233, 1240 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002118" } ] }, { "id": "9636112_MESH:D015761_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "4-AP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1849, 1853 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015761" } ] }, { "id": "9636112_MESH:D002586_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Cs" ], "offsets": [ [ 1929, 1931 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002586" } ] }, { "id": "9636112_10141_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "guinea pig" ], "offsets": [ [ 2408, 2418 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10141" } ] }, { "id": "9636112_MESH:D002586_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cesium" ], "offsets": [ [ 2499, 2505 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002586" } ] }, { "id": "9636112_MESH:D002586_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Cs+" ], "offsets": [ [ 2663, 2666 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002586" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6138468_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Beta-blockade and plasma lipids." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 32 ] ] }, { "id": "6138468_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Several studies show that many selective and non-selective beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs and beta-blockers with weak intrinsic sympathomimetic activity increase serum total cholesterol and triglyceride and decrease HDL-cholesterol and free fatty acid concentrations. The concentrations of serum free fatty acids and triglycerides remained about constant during twelve months treatment of hypertensive patients with pindolol. The level of HDL-cholesterol was increased after the first month of treatment, but there were no significant differences between the concentrations of HDL-cholesterol before the treatment and after three, six and twelve months of treatment. The ratio of HDL-cholesterol to total cholesterol increased from 0.18 to 0.20 during treatment, and this increase was statistically significant at six month. The concentration of apolipoprotein A-I and the ratio of A-I to apoprotein A-II increased slightly but not significantly during pindolol treatment. Lecithin cholesterol acyl-transferase activity was significantly higher during pindolol treatment than after three weeks break of treatment. Comparing the results of the study of pindolol with previous reports of other beta-blockers pindolol might have fewer untoward effects on lipid metabolism than beta-blockers without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity." ], "offsets": [ [ 33, 1366 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "6138468_MESH:D008055_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipids" ], "offsets": [ [ 25, 31 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] }, { "id": "6138468_MESH:D002784_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 209, 220 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "6138468_MESH:D014280_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "triglyceride" ], "offsets": [ [ 225, 237 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014280" } ] }, { "id": "6138468_MESH:D002784_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 255, 266 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "6138468_MESH:D005230_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "free fatty acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 271, 286 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005230" } ] }, { "id": "6138468_MESH:D005227_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "fatty acids" ], "offsets": [ [ 336, 347 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005227" } ] }, { "id": "6138468_MESH:D014280_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "triglycerides" ], "offsets": [ [ 352, 365 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014280" } ] }, { "id": "6138468_MESH:D006973_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertensive" ], "offsets": [ [ 424, 436 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "6138468_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 437, 445 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "6138468_MESH:D010869_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "pindolol" ], "offsets": [ [ 451, 459 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010869" } ] }, { "id": "6138468_MESH:D002784_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 478, 489 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "6138468_MESH:D002784_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 616, 627 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "6138468_MESH:D002784_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 719, 730 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "6138468_MESH:D002784_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 740, 751 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "6138468_335_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "apolipoprotein A-I" ], "offsets": [ [ 881, 899 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "335" } ] }, { "id": "6138468_MESH:D010869_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "pindolol" ], "offsets": [ [ 988, 996 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010869" } ] }, { "id": "6138468_MESH:D010869_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "pindolol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1087, 1095 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010869" } ] }, { "id": "6138468_MESH:D010869_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "pindolol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1187, 1195 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010869" } ] }, { "id": "6138468_MESH:D010869_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "pindolol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1241, 1249 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010869" } ] }, { "id": "6138468_MESH:D008055_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipid" ], "offsets": [ [ 1287, 1292 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "33760206_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Upregulation of SKA3 enhances cell proliferation and correlates with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 112 ] ] }, { "id": "33760206_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive types of malignancy worldwide. However, the mechanism underlying its frequent recurrence remains unclear. Studies have demonstrated that spindle and kinetochore associated complex subunit 3 (SKA3) is highly expressed in colorectal and prostate cancer. The present study aimed to determine whether SKA3 could be a predictive and prognostic marker for liver cancer. SKA3 expression levels in liver cancer cell lines, liver cancer tissues, normal liver cells and non-cancerous tissues were compared at both transcriptional and translational levels. Correlation between SKA3 levels, clinicopathological characteristics and patient survival was also assessed. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to identify SKA3-associated pathways. Furthermore, SKA3 was knocked down and overexpressed in liver cancer cells, and then assessed the effect on cell proliferation, cell cycle, and tumor formation ability. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test were used to evaluate the association between SKA3 expression levels and prognosis. SKA3 mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly higher in liver cancer cell lines and clinical samples, compared with normal controls. Immunohistochemical analysis of 110 patients revealed that upregulation of SKA3 correlated with clinical pathological characteristics and patient survival. GSEA showed that BENPORATH_PROLIFERATION gene set signaling pathways were correlated with SKA3 expression levels. Luciferase reporter activity assay revealed that knockdown of SKA3 significantly inhibited the activity of transcription factor E2F. Downregulation of SKA3 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest in G1-S phase and tumorigenesis both in vitro and in vivo, decreased the expression levels of cyclin D1 and phosphorylated--retinoblastoma and increased those of p21, suggesting a potential role of SKA3 in mediating tumor cell cycle and progression. SKA3 may function as an oncogene in liver cancer and may be a promising prognostic biomarker and candidate for targeted therapy." ], "offsets": [ [ 113, 2231 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "33760206_221150_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SKA3" ], "offsets": [ [ 16, 20 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "221150" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_MESH:D006528_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hepatocellular carcinoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 87, 111 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006528" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_MESH:D006528_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Hepatocellular carcinoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 113, 137 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006528" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_MESH:D006528_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HCC" ], "offsets": [ [ 139, 142 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006528" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_MESH:D009369_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignancy" ], "offsets": [ [ 183, 193 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_221150_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SKA3" ], "offsets": [ [ 365, 369 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "221150" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_MESH:D011471_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "colorectal and prostate cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 394, 424 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011471" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_221150_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SKA3" ], "offsets": [ [ 471, 475 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "221150" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_MESH:D006528_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 524, 536 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006528" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_221150_9", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SKA3" ], "offsets": [ [ 538, 542 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "221150" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_MESH:D006528_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 564, 576 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006528" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_MESH:D006528_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 589, 601 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006528" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_MESH:D009369_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancerous" ], "offsets": [ [ 638, 647 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_221150_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SKA3" ], "offsets": [ [ 740, 744 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "221150" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 793, 800 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_221150_15", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SKA3" ], "offsets": [ [ 891, 895 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "221150" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_221150_16", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SKA3" ], "offsets": [ [ 930, 934 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "221150" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_MESH:D006528_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 973, 985 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006528" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_MESH:D009369_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 1061, 1066 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_221150_19", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SKA3" ], "offsets": [ [ 1181, 1185 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "221150" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_221150_20", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SKA3" ], "offsets": [ [ 1219, 1223 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "221150" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_MESH:D006528_21", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1288, 1300 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006528" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_9606_22", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1401, 1409 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_221150_23", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SKA3" ], "offsets": [ [ 1440, 1444 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "221150" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_9606_24", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1503, 1510 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_221150_25", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SKA3" ], "offsets": [ [ 1611, 1615 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "221150" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_221150_26", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SKA3" ], "offsets": [ [ 1697, 1701 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "221150" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_221150_27", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SKA3" ], "offsets": [ [ 1786, 1790 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "221150" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_MESH:D006323_28", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "arrest" ], "offsets": [ [ 1846, 1852 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006323" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_595_29", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "cyclin D1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1947, 1956 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "595" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_MESH:D012175_30", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "retinoblastoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 1977, 1991 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012175" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_221150_31", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SKA3" ], "offsets": [ [ 2051, 2055 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "221150" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_MESH:D009369_32", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 2069, 2074 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_221150_33", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SKA3" ], "offsets": [ [ 2103, 2107 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "221150" } ] }, { "id": "33760206_MESH:D006528_34", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 2139, 2151 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006528" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "14987608_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Aqueous sample in an EPR cavity: sensitivity considerations." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 60 ] ] }, { "id": "14987608_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The radial mode matching (RMM) method has been used to calculate accurately the microwave field distribution of the TE(011) mode in a spherical EPR cavity containing a linear aqueous sample, in order to understand in detail the factors affecting sensitivity in EPR measurements at X band. Specific details of the experiment were included in the calculations, such as the cavity geometry, the presence of a quartz dewar, the size of the aqueous sample, and the sample's dielectric properties. From the field distribution, several key physical parameters were calculated, including cavity Q, filling factor, mean microwave magnetic field at the sample, and cavity efficiency parameter Lambda. The dependence of EPR signal intensity on sample diameter for a cylindrical aqueous sample was calculated and measured experimentally for non-saturated and half-saturated samples. The optimal aqueous sample diameter was determined for both cases. The impact of sample temperature, conductivity, and cavity Q on sensitivity of EPR is discussed." ], "offsets": [ [ 61, 1095 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18325559_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Effects of solubility of urban air fine and coarse particles on cytotoxic and inflammatory responses in RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 135 ] ] }, { "id": "18325559_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "We investigated the inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of the water-soluble and -insoluble as well as organic-solvent-soluble and -insoluble fractions of urban air fine (PM(2.5-0.2)) and coarse (PM(10-2.5)) particulate samples. The samples were collected with a high volume cascade impactor (HVCI) in 7-week sampling campaigns of selected seasons in six European cities. Mouse macrophage cells (RAW 264.7) were exposed to the samples for 24 h. The production of nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokines (TNFalpha, IL-6), and cytotoxicity (MTT-test, apoptosis, cell cycle) were measured. The inflammatory and cytotoxic responses in both size ranges were mostly associated with the insoluble particulate fractions. However, both the water- and organic-solvent-soluble particulate fractions induced TNFalpha production and apoptosis and had some other cytotoxic effects. Soil-derived water-soluble and -insoluble components of the chemical PM(2.5-0.2) mass closure had consistent positive correlations with the responses, while the correlations were negative with the secondary inorganic anions (NO(3)(-), NH(4)(+), non-sea-salt SO(4)(2-)) and particulate organic matter (POM). With the PM(10-2.5) samples, sea salt and soluble soil components correlated positively with the induced toxic responses. In this size range, a possible underestimation of the insoluble, soil-related compounds containing Si and Ca, and biological components of POM, increased uncertainties in the evaluation of associations of the mass closure components with the responses. It is concluded that insoluble components of the complex urban air particulate mixture exert the highest inflammatory and cytotoxic activities in the macrophage cell line but, at the same time, they may operate as carriers for active water- and lipid-soluble components." ], "offsets": [ [ 136, 1966 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "18325559_CVCL_0493;NCBITaxID:10090_0", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "RAW 264.7" ], "offsets": [ [ 104, 113 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL_0493;NCBITaxID:10090" } ] }, { "id": "18325559_MESH:D014867_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 201, 206 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "18325559_10090_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 510, 515 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "18325559_CVCL_0493;NCBITaxID:10090_3", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "RAW 264.7" ], "offsets": [ [ 534, 543 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL_0493;NCBITaxID:10090" } ] }, { "id": "18325559_MESH:D009569_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nitric oxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 601, 613 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009569" } ] }, { "id": "18325559_21926_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "TNFalpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 650, 658 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "21926" } ] }, { "id": "18325559_16193_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IL-6" ], "offsets": [ [ 660, 664 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "16193" } ] }, { "id": "18325559_MESH:D064420_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cytotoxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 671, 683 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064420" } ] }, { "id": "18325559_MESH:C070243_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "MTT" ], "offsets": [ [ 685, 688 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C070243" } ] }, { "id": "18325559_MESH:D014867_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 877, 882 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "18325559_21926_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "TNFalpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 942, 950 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "21926" } ] }, { "id": "18325559_MESH:D014867_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 1027, 1032 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "18325559_MESH:D012492_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "salt" ], "offsets": [ [ 1267, 1271 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012492" } ] }, { "id": "18325559_-_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sea salt" ], "offsets": [ [ 1350, 1358 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "18325559_MESH:D012825_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Si" ], "offsets": [ [ 1542, 1544 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012825" } ] }, { "id": "18325559_MESH:D014867_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 1930, 1935 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "18325559_MESH:D008055_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipid" ], "offsets": [ [ 1941, 1946 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "30835997_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Down-Regulation of m6A mRNA Methylation Is Involved in Dopaminergic Neuronal Death." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 83 ] ] }, { "id": "30835997_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent internal modification that occurs in the mRNA of eukaryotes and plays a vital role in the post-transcriptional regulation. Recent studies highlighted the biological significance of m6A modification in the nervous system, and its dysregulation has been shown to be related to degenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common age-related neurological disorder with its pathogenesis still not fully elucidated. Reports have shown that epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation and histone acetylation, which alter gene expression, are associated with PD. In this study, we found that global m6A modification of mRNAs is down-regulated in 6-OHDA-induced PC12 cells and the striatum of PD rat brain. To further explore the relationship between m6A mRNA methylation and molecular mechanism of PD, we decreased m6A in dopaminergic cells by overexpressing a nucleic acid demethylase, FTO, or by m6A inhibitor. The results showed that m6A reduction could induce the expression of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor 1, and elevate oxidative stress and Ca2+ influx, resulting in dopaminergic neuron apoptosis. Collectively, m6A modification may play a vital role in the death of dopaminergic neuron, which provides a novel view of mRNA methylation to understand the epigenetic regulation of Parkinson's disease." ], "offsets": [ [ 84, 1473 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "30835997_MESH:D003643_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Death" ], "offsets": [ [ 77, 82 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "30835997_MESH:C010223_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "N6-Methyladenosine" ], "offsets": [ [ 84, 102 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C010223" } ] }, { "id": "30835997_-_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "m6A" ], "offsets": [ [ 104, 107 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "30835997_MESH:D009422_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "neurodevelopmental diseases" ], "offsets": [ [ 423, 450 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009422" } ] }, { "id": "30835997_MESH:D010300_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Parkinson's disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 452, 471 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010300" } ] }, { "id": "30835997_MESH:D010300_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PD" ], "offsets": [ [ 473, 475 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010300" } ] }, { "id": "30835997_MESH:D009422_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "neurological disorder" ], "offsets": [ [ 501, 522 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009422" } ] }, { "id": "30835997_MESH:D010300_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PD" ], "offsets": [ [ 719, 721 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010300" } ] }, { "id": "30835997_MESH:D016627_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "6-OHDA" ], "offsets": [ [ 806, 812 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016627" } ] }, { "id": "30835997_CVCL_S979;NCBITaxID:9606_9", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "PC12" ], "offsets": [ [ 821, 825 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL_S979;NCBITaxID:9606" } ] }, { "id": "30835997_MESH:D010300_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PD" ], "offsets": [ [ 852, 854 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010300" } ] }, { "id": "30835997_10116_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 855, 858 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "30835997_MESH:D010300_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PD" ], "offsets": [ [ 958, 960 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010300" } ] }, { "id": "30835997_291905_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "FTO" ], "offsets": [ [ 1047, 1050 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "291905" } ] }, { "id": "30835997_MESH:D016202_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "N-methyl-d-aspartate" ], "offsets": [ [ 1142, 1162 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016202" } ] }, { "id": "30835997_MESH:D016202_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "NMDA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1164, 1168 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016202" } ] }, { "id": "30835997_MESH:D006973_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "elevate" ], "offsets": [ [ 1186, 1193 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "30835997_MESH:D000069285_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Ca2+" ], "offsets": [ [ 1215, 1219 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000069285" } ] }, { "id": "30835997_MESH:D003643_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "death" ], "offsets": [ [ 1332, 1337 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "30835997_MESH:D010300_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Parkinson's disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 1453, 1472 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010300" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "446992_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The changes of bile acid composition in the patients with chronic pancreatitis (including suspected chronic pancreatitis)." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 122 ] ] }, { "id": "446992_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 123, 123 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "446992_MESH:D001647_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "bile acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 15, 24 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001647" } ] }, { "id": "446992_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 44, 52 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "446992_MESH:D010195_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pancreatitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 66, 78 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010195" } ] }, { "id": "446992_MESH:D010195_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pancreatitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 108, 120 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010195" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "34860200_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "World Gastroenterology Organisation (WGO) News and Events." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 58 ] ] }, { "id": "34860200_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 59, 59 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "19090221_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Antimicrobial susceptibility of environmental bovine mastitis pathogens in west central Iran." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 93 ] ] }, { "id": "19090221_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The purpose of this study was to describe antimicrobial susceptibility of environmental mastitis pathogens isolated from dairy herds of Chahar Mahal province in west central Iran. Out of the 620 milk samples collected from the four districts, 180 were CMT (California mastitis test) positive that cultured and yield, 7 (3.88%) coagulase negative Staphylococci (CNS), 15 (8.33%) Streptococci other than agalactiae and 17 (9.44%) E. coli. CNS resistance to penicillin was 14.28% but for streptomycin, Oxytetracycline and Colistin, were 28.57%. Non agalactiae Streptococci resistance to Oxytetracycline and Kanamycin were 20 and 13.33%, respectively. E. coli resistance to penicillin, oxytetracycline, streptomycin, erythromycin and Colistin were 88.23, 82.35, 76.47, 76.47 and 52.94%, respectively." ], "offsets": [ [ 94, 890 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "19090221_9913_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "bovine" ], "offsets": [ [ 46, 52 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9913" } ] }, { "id": "19090221_MESH:D008413_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mastitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 53, 61 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008413" } ] }, { "id": "19090221_MESH:D008413_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mastitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 182, 190 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008413" } ] }, { "id": "19090221_MESH:D008413_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "California mastitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 351, 370 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008413" } ] }, { "id": "19090221_562_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "E. coli" ], "offsets": [ [ 522, 529 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "562" } ] }, { "id": "19090221_MESH:D010406_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "penicillin" ], "offsets": [ [ 549, 559 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010406" } ] }, { "id": "19090221_MESH:D013307_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "streptomycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 579, 591 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013307" } ] }, { "id": "19090221_MESH:D010118_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Oxytetracycline" ], "offsets": [ [ 593, 608 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010118" } ] }, { "id": "19090221_MESH:D010118_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Oxytetracycline" ], "offsets": [ [ 678, 693 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010118" } ] }, { "id": "19090221_MESH:D007612_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Kanamycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 698, 707 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007612" } ] }, { "id": "19090221_562_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "E. coli" ], "offsets": [ [ 742, 749 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "562" } ] }, { "id": "19090221_MESH:D010406_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "penicillin" ], "offsets": [ [ 764, 774 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010406" } ] }, { "id": "19090221_MESH:D010118_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxytetracycline" ], "offsets": [ [ 776, 791 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010118" } ] }, { "id": "19090221_MESH:D013307_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "streptomycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 793, 805 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013307" } ] }, { "id": "19090221_MESH:D004917_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "erythromycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 807, 819 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004917" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31152196_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Size does matter: ureteral stents with a smaller diameter show advantages regarding urinary symptoms, pain levels and general health." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 133 ] ] }, { "id": "31152196_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of different diameters of ureteral stents (F4.7, F6, and F7) on quality of life regarding the subdomains of the Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients undergoing URS between April 2016 and July 2017 were prospectively randomised for ureteral stents F4.7, F6 and F7, respectively. All patients with other pathologies than a ureter stone, ureteral stents on both sides or other therapy than a secondary URS were excluded. Readmitted patients were interviewed using the USSQ. Furthermore, success rates of the second URS were also noted. RESULTS: Between April 2016 to July 2017, 181 patients were included, 48 with a ureteral stent F4.6, 66 with F6 and 67 with F7. No significant differences in age, gender or position of the stones before URS were found (all p > 0.5). Comparing scores of USSQ between F4.7 and F6 or F6 and F7, scores were in favour of the smaller stent, but significance was only reached in \"Work performance score\" (F6-F7, p = 0.04) and \"Urinary index score\" (F4.7-F6, p = 0.004). When comparing F4.7 with F7, significant differences in all subgroups in favour of F4.7 were documented (all p < 0.03). Surgical success of the second URS was comparable in all groups (all above 82%, p > 0.15). CONCLUSION: Discomfort and pain increase with the diameter of the indwelling ureter stent, while the success of the following URS is not compromised by a ureter stent with a smaller diameter. Therefore, ureteral stents with a small diameter should be preferred." ], "offsets": [ [ 134, 1673 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "31152196_MESH:D010146_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 102, 106 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010146" } ] }, { "id": "31152196_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 344, 352 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "31152196_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 486, 494 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "31152196_MESH:D014516_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ureter stone" ], "offsets": [ [ 525, 537 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014516" } ] }, { "id": "31152196_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 633, 641 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "31152196_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 783, 791 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "31152196_MESH:D010146_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 1439, 1443 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010146" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9503090_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Iatrogenic liver failure, transplantation, and prisoners." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 57 ] ] }, { "id": "9503090_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 58, 58 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "9503090_MESH:D017093_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Iatrogenic liver failure" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 24 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017093" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "15591648_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Effect of MPEP, a selective mGluR5 antagonist, on the antielectroshock activity of conventional antiepileptic drugs." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 116 ] ] }, { "id": "15591648_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "MPEP, a selective non-competitive antagonist of group I metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5), administered at doses ranging from 0.75 to 1 mg/kg, failed to influence the electroconvulsive threshold in mice. However, when administered at higher doses (1.25 and 1.5 mg/kg), it significantly increased the threshold. Moreover, MPEP (applied at its highest subprotective dose of 1 mg/kg) did not affect the protective action of valproate, carbamazepine, diphenylhydantoin and phenobarbital against maximal electroshock-induced seizures in mice. The presented results indicate that mGluR5 antagonists should not be considered as good candidates for add-on therapy of generalized seizures." ], "offsets": [ [ 117, 814 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "15591648_MESH:C121465_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "MPEP" ], "offsets": [ [ 10, 14 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C121465" } ] }, { "id": "15591648_14805_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "mGluR5" ], "offsets": [ [ 28, 34 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "14805" } ] }, { "id": "15591648_MESH:C121465_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "MPEP" ], "offsets": [ [ 117, 121 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C121465" } ] }, { "id": "15591648_MESH:D018698_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glutamate" ], "offsets": [ [ 186, 195 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018698" } ] }, { "id": "15591648_14805_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "mGluR5" ], "offsets": [ [ 216, 222 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "14805" } ] }, { "id": "15591648_10090_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 332, 336 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "15591648_MESH:C121465_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "MPEP" ], "offsets": [ [ 455, 459 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C121465" } ] }, { "id": "15591648_MESH:D014635_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "valproate" ], "offsets": [ [ 555, 564 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014635" } ] }, { "id": "15591648_MESH:D002220_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "carbamazepine" ], "offsets": [ [ 566, 579 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002220" } ] }, { "id": "15591648_MESH:D010672_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "diphenylhydantoin" ], "offsets": [ [ 581, 598 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010672" } ] }, { "id": "15591648_MESH:D010634_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "phenobarbital" ], "offsets": [ [ 603, 616 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010634" } ] }, { "id": "15591648_MESH:D012640_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "seizures" ], "offsets": [ [ 654, 662 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012640" } ] }, { "id": "15591648_10090_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 666, 670 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "15591648_14805_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "mGluR5" ], "offsets": [ [ 708, 714 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "14805" } ] }, { "id": "15591648_MESH:D012640_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "seizures" ], "offsets": [ [ 805, 813 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012640" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "8494860_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Occlusion of retinal vessels using targeted delivery of a platelet aggregating agent." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 85 ] ] }, { "id": "8494860_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Local laser targeted delivery of a platelet aggregating agent to occlude retinal and choroidal vessels was evaluated in rabbits and rats. Liposomes containing adenosine diphosphate (ADP) were administered intravenously and an argon laser was used to lyse the liposomes in main retinal arteries. Control vessels were treated with the same energy of laser without administering ADP. Fluorescein angiography performed 2 weeks later showed that all the control vessels were perfused. Ninety percent of the ADP-treated arteries showed complete or partial occlusion. Successful occlusion increased with the laser energy and decreased with increasing vessel diameter. Histopathology showed that occlusion was achieved in retinal as well as choroidal vessels. The inner retina remained relatively unaffected at the treatment site but the outer retina was thermally damaged. These preliminary results suggest that targeted delivery of a platelet aggregating agent holds promise for occluding vessels in the fundus." ], "offsets": [ [ 86, 1091 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "8494860_MESH:D002833_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "choroidal" ], "offsets": [ [ 171, 180 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002833" } ] }, { "id": "8494860_9986_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rabbits" ], "offsets": [ [ 206, 213 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9986" } ] }, { "id": "8494860_10116_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 218, 222 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "8494860_MESH:D000241_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "adenosine" ], "offsets": [ [ 245, 254 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000241" } ] }, { "id": "8494860_MESH:D000244_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ADP" ], "offsets": [ [ 268, 271 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000244" } ] }, { "id": "8494860_MESH:D001128_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "argon" ], "offsets": [ [ 312, 317 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001128" } ] }, { "id": "8494860_MESH:D000244_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ADP" ], "offsets": [ [ 462, 465 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000244" } ] }, { "id": "8494860_MESH:D019793_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Fluorescein" ], "offsets": [ [ 467, 478 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019793" } ] }, { "id": "8494860_MESH:D000244_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ADP" ], "offsets": [ [ 588, 591 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000244" } ] }, { "id": "8494860_MESH:D002833_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "choroidal" ], "offsets": [ [ 819, 828 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002833" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "14201637_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[RHEOGRAPHIC STUDIES ON SUPRACONDYLAR FRACTURES OF THE UPPER ARM]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 66 ] ] }, { "id": "14201637_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 67, 67 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "14201637_MESH:D012141_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "FRACTURES OF THE UPPER ARM" ], "offsets": [ [ 38, 64 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012141" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "4700448_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Characterization of the NH 2 -terminal glutamic acid and NH 2 -terminal lysine forms of human plasminogen isolated by affinity chromatography and isoelectric focusing methods." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 175 ] ] }, { "id": "4700448_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 176, 176 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "4700448_MESH:D018698_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glutamic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 39, 52 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018698" } ] }, { "id": "4700448_MESH:D008239_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lysine" ], "offsets": [ [ 72, 78 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008239" } ] }, { "id": "4700448_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 88, 93 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "13578320_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A child health survey. II. The methods by which Addyston met its child problems." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 80 ] ] }, { "id": "13578320_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 81, 81 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "13578320_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "child" ], "offsets": [ [ 2, 7 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "13578320_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "child" ], "offsets": [ [ 65, 70 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "28297967_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "All-phononic amplification in coupled cantilever arrays based on gap soliton dynamics." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 86 ] ] }, { "id": "28297967_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "We present a mechanism of amplification of phonons by phonons on the basis of nonlinear band-gap transmission phenomenon. As a concept the idea may be applied to the various number of systems; however we introduce the specific idea of creating an amplification scenario in the chain of coupled cantilever arrays. One chain is driven at the constant frequency located in the upper band of the ladder system, thus no wave enters the system. However the frequency is specifically chosen to be very close to the maximum value of the frequency corresponding to the dispersion relation of the system. An amplification scenario happens when a counter phase pulse of the same frequency with a small amplitude is introduced to the second chain. If both signals exceed a threshold amplitude for the band-gap transmission a large amplitude soliton enters the system-therefore we have an amplifier. Although the concept may be applied in a variety of contexts, all-optical or all-magnonic systems, we choose the system of coupled cantilever arrays and represent a clear example of the application of the presented conceptual idea. Logical operations is the other probable field, where such a mechanism could be used, which might significantly broaden the horizon of the considered applications of band-gap soliton dynamics." ], "offsets": [ [ 87, 1398 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3333618_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Transplantation antigenicity, osteoinductivity and mechanical property of allogenic bones treated under various methods]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 122 ] ] }, { "id": "3333618_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 123, 123 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31825766_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Defining emergency telehealth." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 30 ] ] }, { "id": "31825766_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The American College of Emergency Physicians Emergency Telehealth Section was charged with development of a working definition of emergency telehealth that aligns with the College's definition of emergency medicine. A modified Delphi method was used by the section membership who represented telehealth providers in both private and public health-care delivery systems, academia and industry, rural and urban settings. Presented in this manuscript is the final definition of emergency telehealth developed with an additional six clarifying statements to address the context of the definition. Emergency telehealth is a core domain of emergency medicine and is inclusive of remotely providing all types of care for acute conditions of any kind requiring expeditious care irrespective of any prior relationship. The development of this definition is important to the global community of emergency physicians and all patients seeking acute care to ensure that appropriately trained clinicians are providing the highest quality of emergency services via the telehealth modality. We recommend implementing emergency telehealth in a manner that ensures appropriate qualifications of providers, appropriate/parity reimbursement for telehealth services and, most importantly, the delivery of quality care to patients in a safe, efficient, timely and cost-effective manner." ], "offsets": [ [ 31, 1395 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "31825766_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 945, 953 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "31825766_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1331, 1339 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "16718606_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, a siderophore-binding eukaryotic protein." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 85 ] ] }, { "id": "16718606_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin) also known as lcn2 or siderochalin is constitutively expressed in myelocytes and stored in specific granules of neutrophils. It is highly induced in a variety of epithelial cells during inflammation. Analysis of the crystal structure of NGAL expressed in E.coli showed that NGAL has the ability to bind catecholate type siderophores and in this way prevent bacteria from acquisition of siderophore-bound iron. NGAL (or 24p3 as the highly homologous murine orthologue is named) knock out mice have a profound defect in defense against E.coli after intraperitoneal injection. This defect can be mimicked in wild-type mice by providing siderophore iron, which cannot be sequestered by NGAL, testifying to the specific role of NGAL as a siderophore binding protein in innate immunity. Megalin, a scavenger receptor functions as a receptor for NGAL and mediates uptake into endosomes, but other NGAL receptors are likely to exist." ], "offsets": [ [ 86, 1061 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "16718606_16819_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 42 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "16819" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_16819_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "NGAL" ], "offsets": [ [ 86, 90 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "16819" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_16819_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin" ], "offsets": [ [ 92, 134 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "16819" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_16819_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "lcn2" ], "offsets": [ [ 150, 154 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "16819" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_MESH:D007249_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "inflammation" ], "offsets": [ [ 322, 334 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007249" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_16819_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "NGAL" ], "offsets": [ [ 373, 377 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "16819" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_562_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "E.coli" ], "offsets": [ [ 391, 397 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "562" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_16819_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "NGAL" ], "offsets": [ [ 410, 414 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "16819" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_-_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "catecholate" ], "offsets": [ [ 439, 450 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_MESH:D007501_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "iron" ], "offsets": [ [ 540, 544 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007501" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_16819_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "NGAL" ], "offsets": [ [ 546, 550 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "16819" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_24_11", "type": "Chromosome", "text": [ "24p3" ], "offsets": [ [ 555, 559 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "unknown", "db_id": "24" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_10090_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "murine" ], "offsets": [ [ 585, 591 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_10090_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 623, 627 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_562_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "E.coli" ], "offsets": [ [ 670, 676 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "562" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_10090_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 751, 755 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_MESH:D007501_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "iron" ], "offsets": [ [ 781, 785 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007501" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_16819_17", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "NGAL" ], "offsets": [ [ 818, 822 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "16819" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_16819_18", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "NGAL" ], "offsets": [ [ 859, 863 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "16819" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_14725_19", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Megalin" ], "offsets": [ [ 917, 924 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "14725" } ] }, { "id": "16718606_16819_20", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "NGAL" ], "offsets": [ [ 975, 979 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "16819" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18955267_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "In vitro Evaluation of the Antiviral Activity of an Extract of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Pits on a Pseudomonas Phage." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 126 ] ] }, { "id": "18955267_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A crude acetone extract of the pit of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) was prepared and its antiviral activity evaluated against lytic Pseudomonas phage ATCC 14209-B1, using Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 25668 as the host cell. The antiviral activity of date pits was found to be mediated by binding to the phage, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of <10 mug ml(-1). The decimal reduction time (D-values), the concentration exponent (eta) and the phage inactivation kinetics were determined. The date pit extracts show a strong ability to inhibit the infectivity of Pseudomonas phage ATCC 14209-B1 and completely prevented bacterial lysis, which it is hoped will promote research into its potential as a novel antiviral agent against pathogenic human viruses." ], "offsets": [ [ 127, 896 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "18955267_42345_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Date Palm" ], "offsets": [ [ 63, 72 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "42345" } ] }, { "id": "18955267_42345_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Phoenix dactylifera L" ], "offsets": [ [ 74, 95 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "42345" } ] }, { "id": "18955267_287_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Pseudomonas" ], "offsets": [ [ 108, 119 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "287" } ] }, { "id": "18955267_MESH:D000096_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "acetone" ], "offsets": [ [ 135, 142 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000096" } ] }, { "id": "18955267_42345_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "date palm" ], "offsets": [ [ 165, 174 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "42345" } ] }, { "id": "18955267_42345_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Phoenix dactylifera L" ], "offsets": [ [ 176, 197 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "42345" } ] }, { "id": "18955267_287_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Pseudomonas" ], "offsets": [ [ 264, 275 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "287" } ] }, { "id": "18955267_287_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Pseudomonas aeruginosa" ], "offsets": [ [ 303, 325 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "287" } ] }, { "id": "18955267_287_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Pseudomonas" ], "offsets": [ [ 703, 714 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "287" } ] }, { "id": "18955267_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 882, 887 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "11508537_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Association between increased central venous pressure and hydrocephalus in children undergoing cardiac catheterization. A prospective study." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 140 ] ] }, { "id": "11508537_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTS: The relationship between increased central venous pressure (CVP) and development of hydrocephalus has been extensively discussed in the neuropediatric literature. However, the possibility of a direct connection has not been systematically examined. The purpose of this prospective study was to examine whether there was a correlation between elevated CVP and hydrocephalus in children undergoing cardiac catheterization. METHODS: We used cardiac catheterization to measure the right atrial and superior vena caval pressure in 37 children (mean age 30 months) with congenital heart malformations. The children had CVP higher than normal (mean 10.2+/-3.1 mmHg, range 4-18). To evaluate the size of the lateral and fourth ventricles, we performed CT scans of the brain on each child. Abnormal scans were found in 15/37 children, showing brain atrophy (12/37), ventriculomegaly (3/37), and focal infarction (1/37). Cerebral atrophy was more likely to occur in young children (P<0.001). The average head circumference among these children was less than 2SD below the mean for healthy children of comparable ages. Using a correlation coefficient regression model, no relationship was found between CVP and ventricular diameters or head circumference. CONCLUSIONS: These results argue against the hypothesis that mild to moderately elevated venous pressure is involved in the mechanism and development of pediatric hydrocephalus." ], "offsets": [ [ 141, 1572 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "11508537_MESH:D006849_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hydrocephalus" ], "offsets": [ [ 58, 71 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006849" } ] }, { "id": "11508537_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 75, 83 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11508537_MESH:D006849_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hydrocephalus" ], "offsets": [ [ 234, 247 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006849" } ] }, { "id": "11508537_MESH:D006849_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hydrocephalus" ], "offsets": [ [ 509, 522 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006849" } ] }, { "id": "11508537_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 526, 534 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11508537_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 679, 687 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11508537_MESH:D000014_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "congenital heart malformations" ], "offsets": [ [ 714, 744 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000014" } ] }, { "id": "11508537_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 750, 758 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11508537_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "child" ], "offsets": [ [ 924, 929 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11508537_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 966, 974 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11508537_MESH:D001284_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "atrophy" ], "offsets": [ [ 990, 997 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001284" } ] }, { "id": "11508537_MESH:D006849_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ventriculomegaly" ], "offsets": [ [ 1007, 1023 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006849" } ] }, { "id": "11508537_MESH:D007238_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infarction" ], "offsets": [ [ 1042, 1052 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007238" } ] }, { "id": "11508537_MESH:D001284_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Cerebral atrophy" ], "offsets": [ [ 1061, 1077 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001284" } ] }, { "id": "11508537_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 1112, 1120 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11508537_9606_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 1175, 1183 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11508537_9606_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 1229, 1237 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11508537_MESH:D006849_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hydrocephalus" ], "offsets": [ [ 1558, 1571 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006849" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "16416964_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[A new culture method for primordial germ cell]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 48 ] ] }, { "id": "16416964_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "To investigate the new method that the primordial germ cells (PGCs) can long time propagate, grow and keep potency of differentiation in vitro. PGCs were co-cultured with Sertoli cells (SCs) or with homologue fibroblasts from genital ridge. When co-cultured with SCs, PGCs colonies and times of transfer of culture were greater than those co-cultured with homologue fibroblasts. At present PGCs of co-cultured with SCs have succeeded in subculturing to the 51 generation. SCs can availably enhance propagating ability as well as a long period of time maintain the characteristic of PGCs." ], "offsets": [ [ 49, 636 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35685779_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Impact of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Covishield ) Vaccination: How Long Will It Persist?" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 78 ] ] }, { "id": "35685779_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "An increase in COVID-19 immunization coverage has been linked to a decrease in the average case fatality rate. As a result, further research is needed to determine the persistence and duration of vaccine-induced protective antibodies in order to assess the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccinations. The present study aimed to determine the COVID-19 IgG antibodies among healthcare workers (HCWs) before and after the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Covishield ) vaccination. A total of 150 HCWs who had received the Covishield vaccine were assessed after obtaining written informed consent. Blood samples were drawn at three time points, namely, within one week prior to first dose of vaccination, prior to second dose of vaccination (28-33 days after the first dose of vaccination), and 90-95 days after the second dose of vaccination for detecting neutralizing antibodies, i.e., IgG antibodies by ELISA. The overall baseline seropositivity among the HCWs was found to be 28% (n = 42), assessed by the sample collected prior to first dose of COVID-19 vaccination. The seroconversion rate was reported to be 80% (n = 120) one month after the first dosage and increased to 92.7% (n = 139) three months later. Additionally, there was a significant gradual increase in the IgG concentrations postvaccination in majority of the study participants. In those HCWs who had prior history of SARS-CoV-2 infection, significantly higher antibody level was observed compared to antibody-naive individuals. Fever, pain or swelling at the site of injection, and headache were the most frequently reported adverse events following vaccination among the study participants. Regardless of prior SARS-CoV-2 positivity, two doses of the CovishieldTM vaccine elicited a protective neutralizing antibody response that lasted for three months after the second dose of vaccination." ], "offsets": [ [ 79, 1921 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "35685779_MESH:C000657245_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COVID-19" ], "offsets": [ [ 94, 102 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000657245" } ] }, { "id": "35685779_MESH:C000657245_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COVID-19" ], "offsets": [ [ 353, 361 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000657245" } ] }, { "id": "35685779_MESH:C000657245_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COVID-19" ], "offsets": [ [ 417, 425 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000657245" } ] }, { "id": "35685779_MESH:C000657245_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COVID-19" ], "offsets": [ [ 1106, 1114 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000657245" } ] }, { "id": "35685779_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "participants" ], "offsets": [ [ 1393, 1405 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35685779_MESH:C000657245_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SARS-CoV-2 infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 1446, 1466 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000657245" } ] }, { "id": "35685779_MESH:D005334_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Fever" ], "offsets": [ [ 1557, 1562 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005334" } ] }, { "id": "35685779_MESH:D010146_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 1564, 1568 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010146" } ] }, { "id": "35685779_MESH:D004487_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "swelling" ], "offsets": [ [ 1572, 1580 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004487" } ] }, { "id": "35685779_MESH:D006261_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "headache" ], "offsets": [ [ 1611, 1619 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006261" } ] }, { "id": "35685779_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "participants" ], "offsets": [ [ 1707, 1719 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35685779_2697049_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "SARS-CoV-2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1741, 1751 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "2697049" } ] }, { "id": "35685779_-_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CovishieldTM vaccine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1781, 1801 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "10518286_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Neonatal diagnosis of long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency and implications for newborn screening by tandem mass spectrometry." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 143 ] ] }, { "id": "10518286_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 144, 144 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "10518286_MESH:C535310_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency" ], "offsets": [ [ 35, 75 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C535310" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "2512868_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Value of cine magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and quantification of valvular regurgitation. Comparison with angiography and Doppler echocardiography]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 163 ] ] }, { "id": "2512868_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Thirty-three patients presenting with regurgitation of the mitral valve (19 cases), tricuspid valve (14 cases) or aortic valve (11 cases) documented by angiography (n = 20) and/or doppler-echocardiography (n = 28) were examined by cine-MRI in order to test this method in valvular regurgitation. Sixteen ECG-synchronized cine-MRI images were acquired by the GRASS technique every 40 ms on appropriate projections, with a resistive 0.28 Tesla Bruker magnet. The semiology of normal and pathological blood flow images at cine-MRI is described. Valvular regurgitations present as \"signal void\" jets the chronology and spatial extension of which depend on the severity of the lesion. The differential diagnosis with physiological flows is discussed. The diagnostic sensitivity of the method was 29/29 when compared with angiography and 29/33 when compared with doppler-echocardiography (2 cases of 1/4 mitral regurgitation and 2 cases 1/4 tricuspid regurgitation were not visible at cine-MRI). The specificity of this method, as can be judged from 104 patients explored, also seems to be satisfactory. The severity of regurgitation was graded from 1 to 4 with the three methods, on the basis of strict criteria. The differences in grade evaluation exceeded +/- 1 point in only one case of mitral regurgitation which was greatly underestimated by the doppler method as compared with angiography and cine-MRI. Thus, cine-MRI is a reliable method to evaluate valvular regurgitations and their severity. It solves the practical problem raised by non-echogenic patients when catheterization is to be postponed or avoided." ], "offsets": [ [ 164, 1776 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "2512868_MESH:D006349_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "valvular regurgitation" ], "offsets": [ [ 81, 103 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006349" } ] }, { "id": "2512868_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 177, 185 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "2512868_MESH:D006349_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "valvular regurgitation" ], "offsets": [ [ 436, 458 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006349" } ] }, { "id": "2512868_MESH:D008944_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mitral regurgitation" ], "offsets": [ [ 1062, 1082 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008944" } ] }, { "id": "2512868_MESH:D014262_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tricuspid regurgitation" ], "offsets": [ [ 1099, 1122 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014262" } ] }, { "id": "2512868_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1212, 1220 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "2512868_MESH:D008944_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mitral regurgitation" ], "offsets": [ [ 1449, 1469 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008944" } ] }, { "id": "2512868_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1716, 1724 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "10800658_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Clinical application of hematopoietic stem cell culture and expansion." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 70 ] ] }, { "id": "10800658_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 71, 71 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "19216339_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "How to prevent crises during transitions in care." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 49 ] ] }, { "id": "19216339_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 50, 50 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "11605239_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Dose-effect and time-effect characteristics in process of tumorigenesis under combined action of ionizing radiation and chemical carcinogen]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 142 ] ] }, { "id": "11605239_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Studying of dose and time dependences of frequency of adenomas appearing under the combined effect of radiation and urethane ingressed during different terms after irradiation has show that the frequency of tumours is determined both by radiation dose, and the time interval between irradiation and ingressing of cancerogenic substance. The data obtained show the period of preservation of the induced damages and non-linearity of the process of tumour-formation under the combined effect of radiation and toxic factors on the organism. The latter is necessary to be taken into account when forecasting the radiation risk under the real ecological conditions." ], "offsets": [ [ 143, 802 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "11605239_MESH:D000236_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "adenomas" ], "offsets": [ [ 197, 205 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000236" } ] }, { "id": "11605239_MESH:D014520_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "urethane" ], "offsets": [ [ 259, 267 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014520" } ] }, { "id": "11605239_MESH:D009369_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumours" ], "offsets": [ [ 350, 357 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "11605239_MESH:D009369_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumour" ], "offsets": [ [ 589, 595 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "8236012_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Multifocal desmoids." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 20 ] ] }, { "id": "8236012_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: This study examines the natural history of patients treated for multifocal desmoids at a referral center for sarcomas. METHODS: Patients with multifocal desmoids seen at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in the 9-year period between 1982 and 1991 were identified through a prospective sarcoma data base. The clinical histories were reviewed. In addition, tumor estrogen and progesterone receptor status were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: This rare condition occurred in six (4.8%) of the 124 patients with desmoid tumors and all occurred in premenopausal women. In each instance the tumors were restricted to one anatomic region of the body and no patient had familial polyposis or Gardner's syndrome. When tested immunohistochemically, the tumors displayed no nuclear reactivity for estrogen or progesterone receptors. CONCLUSIONS: Further investigative work must be undertaken before considering routine use of antiestrogen therapy even in this subset of patients with desmoid tumors." ], "offsets": [ [ 21, 1038 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "8236012_MESH:D018222_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Multifocal desmoids" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 19 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018222" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 76, 84 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_MESH:D018222_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "multifocal desmoids" ], "offsets": [ [ 97, 116 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018222" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_MESH:D012509_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sarcomas" ], "offsets": [ [ 142, 150 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012509" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 161, 169 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_MESH:D018222_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "multifocal desmoids" ], "offsets": [ [ 175, 194 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018222" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_MESH:D009369_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 228, 234 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_MESH:D012509_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sarcoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 323, 330 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012509" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_MESH:D009369_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 393, 398 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_5241_9", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "progesterone receptor" ], "offsets": [ [ 412, 433 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "5241" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 544, 552 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_MESH:C535944_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "desmoid tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 558, 572 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C535944" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 607, 612 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_MESH:D009369_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 635, 641 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 700, 707 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_MESH:D011125_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "familial polyposis" ], "offsets": [ [ 712, 730 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011125" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_MESH:D005736_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Gardner's syndrome" ], "offsets": [ [ 734, 752 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005736" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_MESH:D009369_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 793, 799 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_MESH:D011374_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "progesterone" ], "offsets": [ [ 848, 860 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011374" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_9606_19", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1009, 1017 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8236012_MESH:C535944_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "desmoid tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 1023, 1037 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C535944" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31171666_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Spatiotemporal structure of cell fate decisions in murine neural crest." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 71 ] ] }, { "id": "31171666_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Neural crest cells are embryonic progenitors that generate numerous cell types in vertebrates. With single-cell analysis, we show that mouse trunk neural crest cells become biased toward neuronal lineages when they delaminate from the neural tube, whereas cranial neural crest cells acquire ectomesenchyme potential dependent on activation of the transcription factor Twist1. The choices that neural crest cells make to become sensory, glial, autonomic, or mesenchymal cells can be formalized as a series of sequential binary decisions. Each branch of the decision tree involves initial coactivation of bipotential properties followed by gradual shifts toward commitment. Competing fate programs are coactivated before cells acquire fate-specific phenotypic traits. Determination of a specific fate is achieved by increased synchronization of relevant programs and concurrent repression of competing fate programs." ], "offsets": [ [ 72, 986 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "31171666_10090_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "murine" ], "offsets": [ [ 51, 57 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "31171666_10090_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 207, 212 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "31171666_22160_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Twist1" ], "offsets": [ [ 440, 446 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "22160" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "21499486_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The sensitivities to first-line antibiotic therapy of the common urinary tract bacterial infections detected in urine samples at a hospital in metropolitan Kampala (Uganda)." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 173 ] ] }, { "id": "21499486_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common human infections. Many urinary tract bacteria are capable of expressing drug resistance. Resistant bacteria may be present from the commencement of the infection or may develop during treatment. This study focused on the problem of antibiotic resistance to the first-line drugs that were used to treat patients presenting with urinary tract infections at Rubaga hospital in Kampala, Uganda. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to isolate and identify the major bacterial pathogens of symptomatic and asymptomatic UTIs among patients at Rubaga hospital. Furthermore, the study sought to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the major bacterial isolates to the first-line drugs used to treat UTIs at Rubaga hospital. METHODS: Urine samples were aseptically collected and examined microscopically and were microbiologically cultured on blood agar, nutrient agar and on MacConkey agar. The isolates obtained were then identified using standard tests and tested for antimicrobial sensitivity by the Kirby-Bauer technique. RESULTS: The isolated pathogens included Escherichia coli (10.9%), Staphylococcus (31.9%), Streptococcus (9.2%), Klebsiella species (21.0%) and Proteus species (10.1%). 20 (16.8%) of the isolates were lactose fermenting gram-negative rods that were also indole-negative. These isolates were termed 'unclassified coliforms' in this study but were probably Enterobacter species. On antimicrobial susceptibility testing, all the gram-negative isolates were significantly resistant to amoxycillin, cotrimoxazole, erythromycin, and to nalidixic acid; but were susceptible to nitrofurantoin. Among the gram-negative isolates, only Klebsiella species were significantly resistant (p<0.05) to ciprofloxacin. The gram-positive cocci were susceptible to amoxycillin, ciprofloxacin, and to erythromycin but resistant to cotrimoxazole and nalidixic acid. Unlike the Staphylococcus species that were significantly resistant to nitrofurantoin, Streptococcus species were moderately susceptible to the drug. CONCLUSION: The common urinary tract bacteria detected in Rubaga hospital in Uganda were most sensitive to Ciprofloxacin and Nitrofurantoin." ], "offsets": [ [ 174, 2420 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "21499486_MESH:D007239_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infections" ], "offsets": [ [ 89, 99 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D007239_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infections" ], "offsets": [ [ 200, 210 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 244, 249 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D007239_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infections" ], "offsets": [ [ 250, 260 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D007239_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 396, 405 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 546, 554 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D014552_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "urinary tract infections" ], "offsets": [ [ 571, 595 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014552" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 776, 784 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D000362_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "agar" ], "offsets": [ [ 1109, 1113 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000362" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D000362_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "agar" ], "offsets": [ [ 1124, 1128 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000362" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D000362_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "agar" ], "offsets": [ [ 1146, 1150 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000362" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_562_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Escherichia coli" ], "offsets": [ [ 1328, 1344 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "562" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_1415477_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Staphylococcus (31" ], "offsets": [ [ 1354, 1372 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1415477" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D007710_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Klebsiella" ], "offsets": [ [ 1400, 1410 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007710" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D007785_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lactose" ], "offsets": [ [ 1488, 1495 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007785" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D000658_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "amoxycillin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1768, 1779 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000658" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D015662_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cotrimoxazole" ], "offsets": [ [ 1781, 1794 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015662" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D004917_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "erythromycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1796, 1808 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004917" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D009268_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nalidixic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 1817, 1831 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009268" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D009582_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nitrofurantoin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1857, 1871 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009582" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D007710_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Klebsiella" ], "offsets": [ [ 1912, 1922 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007710" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D002939_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ciprofloxacin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1972, 1985 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002939" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D000658_22", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "amoxycillin" ], "offsets": [ [ 2031, 2042 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000658" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D002939_23", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ciprofloxacin" ], "offsets": [ [ 2044, 2057 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002939" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D004917_24", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "erythromycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 2066, 2078 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004917" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D015662_25", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cotrimoxazole" ], "offsets": [ [ 2096, 2109 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015662" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D009268_26", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nalidixic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 2114, 2128 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009268" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_1415477_27", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Staphylococcus" ], "offsets": [ [ 2141, 2155 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1415477" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D009582_28", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nitrofurantoin" ], "offsets": [ [ 2201, 2215 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009582" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D002939_29", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Ciprofloxacin" ], "offsets": [ [ 2387, 2400 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002939" } ] }, { "id": "21499486_MESH:D009582_30", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Nitrofurantoin" ], "offsets": [ [ 2405, 2419 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009582" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "8266250_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Role of retrovirus HTLV-1 in African spastic paraplegia." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 56 ] ] }, { "id": "8266250_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 57, 57 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "8266250_11908_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "HTLV-1" ], "offsets": [ [ 19, 25 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "11908" } ] }, { "id": "8266250_MESH:C536857_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "spastic paraplegia" ], "offsets": [ [ 37, 55 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C536857" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "19159633_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Berberine induces p53-dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cells by inflicting DNA damage." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 117 ] ] }, { "id": "19159633_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Alkaloid berberine is widely used for the treatment of diarrhea and other diseases. Many laboratory studies showed that it exhibits anti-proliferative activity against a wide spectrum of cancer cells in culture. In this report we studied the mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of berberine on human osteosarcoma cells and on normal osteoblasts. The inhibition was largely attributed to cell cycle arrest at G1 and G2/M, and to a less extent, to apoptosis. The G1 arrest was dependent on p53, as G1 arrest was abolished in p53-deficient osteosarcoma cells. The induction of G1 arrest and apoptosis was accompanied by a p53-dependent up-regulation of p21 and pro-apoptotic genes. However, the G2/M arrest could be induced by berberine regardless of the status of p53. Interestingly, DNA double-strand breaks, as measured by the phosphorylation of H2AX, were remarkably accumulated in berberine-treated cells in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, one major mechanism by which berberine exerts its growth-inhibitory effect is to inflict genomic lesions on cells, which in turn trigger the activation of p53 and the p53-dependent cellular responses including cell cycle arrest and apoptosis." ], "offsets": [ [ 118, 1310 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "19159633_MESH:D001599_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Berberine" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 9 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001599" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_7157_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p53" ], "offsets": [ [ 18, 21 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7157" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_MESH:D006323_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "arrest" ], "offsets": [ [ 43, 49 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006323" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 67, 72 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_MESH:D012516_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "osteosarcoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 73, 85 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012516" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_MESH:D001599_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "berberine" ], "offsets": [ [ 127, 136 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001599" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_MESH:D003967_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diarrhea" ], "offsets": [ [ 173, 181 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003967" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_MESH:D009369_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 305, 311 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_MESH:D001599_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "berberine" ], "offsets": [ [ 408, 417 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001599" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 421, 426 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_MESH:D012516_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "osteosarcoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 427, 439 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012516" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_MESH:D006323_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "arrest" ], "offsets": [ [ 525, 531 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006323" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_MESH:D006323_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "arrest" ], "offsets": [ [ 591, 597 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006323" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_7157_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p53" ], "offsets": [ [ 615, 618 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7157" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_MESH:D006323_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "arrest" ], "offsets": [ [ 626, 632 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006323" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_7157_15", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p53" ], "offsets": [ [ 650, 653 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7157" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_MESH:D012516_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "deficient osteosarcoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 654, 676 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012516" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_MESH:D006323_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "arrest" ], "offsets": [ [ 704, 710 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006323" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_7157_18", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p53" ], "offsets": [ [ 746, 749 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7157" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_644914_19", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p21" ], "offsets": [ [ 777, 780 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "644914" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_MESH:D006323_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "arrest" ], "offsets": [ [ 824, 830 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006323" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_MESH:D001599_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "berberine" ], "offsets": [ [ 851, 860 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001599" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_7157_22", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p53" ], "offsets": [ [ 889, 892 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7157" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_3014_23", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "H2AX" ], "offsets": [ [ 973, 977 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3014" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_MESH:D001599_24", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "berberine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1010, 1019 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001599" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_MESH:D001599_25", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "berberine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1097, 1106 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001599" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_7157_26", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p53" ], "offsets": [ [ 1223, 1226 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7157" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_7157_27", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p53" ], "offsets": [ [ 1235, 1238 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7157" } ] }, { "id": "19159633_MESH:D006323_28", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "arrest" ], "offsets": [ [ 1289, 1295 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006323" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "23326217_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Clinical impact of endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastric neuroendocrine tumors: a retrospective study from mainland China." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 129 ] ] }, { "id": "23326217_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "As a minimally invasive technique, endoscopic resection may benefit patients diagnosed with early stage gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). However, no studies have yet been published in which endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been applied for gastric NETs. For the first time a research group in China applied ESD to remove gastric NETs, and indicated that ESD should be considered for treatment of eligible gastric NETs because the technique shows a high histologically complete resection rate, provides accurate histopathological evaluation, has a low complication rate, and can be performed within a reasonable timeframe." ], "offsets": [ [ 130, 775 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "23326217_MESH:D018358_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gastric neuroendocrine tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 56, 85 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018358" } ] }, { "id": "23326217_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 198, 206 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23326217_MESH:D018358_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 234, 272 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018358" } ] }, { "id": "23326217_MESH:D018358_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gastric NETs" ], "offsets": [ [ 394, 406 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018358" } ] }, { "id": "23326217_MESH:D018358_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gastric NETs" ], "offsets": [ [ 475, 487 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018358" } ] }, { "id": "23326217_MESH:D018358_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gastric NETs" ], "offsets": [ [ 559, 571 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018358" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "27484248_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Can \"contamination\" occur in body bags?-The example of background fibres in body bags used in Australia." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 104 ] ] }, { "id": "27484248_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Impurities that are transferred to a crime scene or a body can have a significant negative impact on the investigation if the existence of the contamination is not known, and the source of the contamination is not identified. Forensic consumables, such as DNA swabs, have been known to have caused contaminations, wrongfully linking crimes throughout Europe. In that context, this study focused on body bags, widely used to transfer a corpse from the crime scene to the morgue. Our preliminary survey showed that several countries and Australian Jurisdictions are conducting the sampling of trace evidence at the morgue after the transportation of the body. Potential impurities present in body bags could thus interfere with pertinent traces. The aim of this work was to qualify and quantify the background contamination of trace evidence in body bags used within Australia. Fifteen body bags from four Australian Jurisdictions or laboratories were searched for micro traces. Impurities such as fibres and unidentified particles were detected in each examined body bag, with an estimated average of 3603 coloured fibres and 1429 unidentified particles. This number of fibres is similar to the amount found on a vinyl cinema seat in other studies. Various other contaminants such as pieces of fabric, hairs, parts of insects or feathers were also observed. It is hypothesised that these impurities are introduced during the manufacturing process. This high number of impurities can lead to incorrect conclusions and misleading investigative leads. This paper presents an overview of the problems these impurities can cause and proposes several strategies to prevent future issues." ], "offsets": [ [ 105, 1785 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "15817364_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Impact of IMRT and leaf width on stereotactic body radiotherapy of liver and lung lesions." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 90 ] ] }, { "id": "15817364_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "PURPOSE: The present study explored the impact of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) on stereotactic body RT (SBRT) of liver and lung lesions. Additionally, because target dose conformity can be affected by the leaf width of a multileaf collimator (MLC), especially for small targets and stereotactic applications, the use of a micro-MLC on \"uniform intensity\" conformal and intensity-modulated SBRT was evaluated. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The present study included 10 patients treated previously with SBRT in our institution (seven lung and three liver lesions). All patients were treated with 3 x 12 Gy prescribed to the 65% isodose level. The actual MLC-based conformal treatment plan served as the standard for additional comparison. In total, seven alternative treatment plans were made for each patient: a standard (actual) plan and an IMRT plan, both calculated with Helax TMS (Nucletron) using a pencil beam model; and a recalculated standard and a recalculated IMRT plan on Helax TMS using a point dose kernel approach. These four treatment plans were based on a standard MLC with 1-cm leaf width. Additionally, the following micro-MLC (central leaf width 3 mm)-based treatment plans were calculated with the BrainSCAN (BrainLAB) system: standard, IMRT, and dynamic arc treatments. For each treatment plan, various target parameters (conformity, coverage, mean, maximal, and minimal target dose, equivalent uniform doses, and dose-volume histogram), as well as organs at risk parameters (3 Gy and 6 Gy volume, mean dose, dose-volume histogram) were evaluated. Finally, treatment efficiency was estimated from monitor units and the number of segments for IMRT solutions. RESULTS: For both treatment planning systems, no significant difference could be observed in terms of target conformity between the standard and IMRT dose distributions. All dose distributions obtained with the micro-MLC showed significantly better conformity values compared with the standard and IMRT plans using a regular MLC. Dynamic arc plans were characterized by the steepest dose gradient and thus the smallest V(6 Gy) values, which were on average 7% smaller than the standard plans and 20% lower than the IMRT plans. Although the Helax TMS IMRT plans show about 18% more monitor units than the standard plan, BrainSCAN IMRT plans require approximately twice the number of monitor units relative to the standard plan. All treatment plans optimized with a pencil beam model but recalculated with a superposition method showed significant qualitative, as well as quantitative, differences, especially with respect to conformity and the dose to organs at risk. CONCLUSION: Standard conformal treatment techniques for SBRT could not be improved with inversely planned IMRT approaches. Dose calculation algorithms applied in optimization modules for IMRT applications in the thoracic region need to be based on the most accurate dose calculation algorithms, especially when using higher energy photon beams." ], "offsets": [ [ 91, 3085 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "15817364_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 564, 572 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15817364_MESH:D017093_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver lesions" ], "offsets": [ [ 643, 656 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017093" } ] }, { "id": "15817364_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 663, 671 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15817364_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 896, 903 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "32204711_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The impact of food fortification on stunting in Zimbabwe: does gender of the household head matter?" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 99 ] ] }, { "id": "32204711_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: High prevalence of stunting in children under 5 years poses a major threat to child development in developing countries. It is associated with micronutrient deficiency arising from poor diets fed to children under 5 years. Food fortification is amongst the interventions focused at reducing the incidence of stunting in children under 5 years. METHODS: Using a large-scale household data from Zimbabwe, we investigated the gender-based importance of household adoption of food fortification on the proportion of stunted children in the household. We employed propensity score matching to mitigate self-selection bias associated with household adoption of food fortification. RESULTS: We offer three major findings. Firstly, we find statistically weak evidence that female headed households are more likely to adopt food fortification than their male counterparts. Secondly, food fortification reduces the proportion of stunted children in the household. Finally, in comparison to non-adopters, female headed households that adopt food fortification are more able to reduce the proportion of stunted children in their households than their male counterparts. CONCLUSION: The results highlight the need for policy makers to actively promote food fortification, as such interventions are likely to contribute to the reduction of stunting and to involve men in fortification interventions to improve on their knowledge and appreciation of fortified foods and the associated benefits." ], "offsets": [ [ 100, 1591 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "32204711_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 143, 151 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32204711_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "child" ], "offsets": [ [ 190, 195 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32204711_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 311, 319 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32204711_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 432, 440 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32204711_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 632, 640 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32204711_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 1039, 1047 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32204711_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 1211, 1219 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32204711_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "men" ], "offsets": [ [ 1462, 1465 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "28724360_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Injury of ascending reticular activating system associated with delayed post-hypoxic leukoencephalopathy: a case report." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 120 ] ] }, { "id": "28724360_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Delayed post-hypoxic leukoencephalopathy (DPHL) is a demyelinating syndrome characterized by neurological relapse after an initial recovery from hypoxic brain injury. We describe a patient with impaired consciousness following DPHL, concurrent with injury of the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) shown using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT). CASE PRESENTATION: A 50-year-old male patient was in a drowsy mental state after exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) for about ten hours. About a day after the CO exposure, his mental state recovered to an alert condition. However, his consciousness deteriorated to drowsy 24 days after the exposure and worsened to a semi-coma state at 26 days after onset. When he started rehabilitation six weeks after the CO exposure, he had impaired consciousness, with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 8 and a Coma Recovery Scale-Revised score of 8. On 6-week DTT, decreased neural connectivity of the upper ARAS between the intralaminar thalamic nucleus and the cerebral cortex was observed in both frontal cortices, basal forebrains, basal ganglia and thalami. The lower dorsal ARAS was not reconstructed on the right side, and was thin on the left side. The lower ventral ARAS was not reconstructed on either side. CONCLUSIONS: Using DTT, we demonstrated injury of the ARAS in a patient with impaired consciousness following DPHL. Our result suggests that injury of the ARAS is a plausible pathogenetic mechanism of impaired consciousness in patients with DPHL." ], "offsets": [ [ 121, 1637 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "28724360_MESH:D056784_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "-hypoxic leukoencephalopathy" ], "offsets": [ [ 76, 104 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056784" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_MESH:D056784_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "-hypoxic leukoencephalopathy" ], "offsets": [ [ 145, 173 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056784" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_MESH:D003711_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "demyelinating syndrome" ], "offsets": [ [ 186, 208 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003711" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_MESH:D002534_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypoxic brain injury" ], "offsets": [ [ 278, 298 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002534" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 314, 321 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_MESH:D003244_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "impaired consciousness" ], "offsets": [ [ 327, 349 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003244" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_-_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DPHL" ], "offsets": [ [ 360, 364 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 528, 535 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_MESH:D002248_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "carbon monoxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 583, 598 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002248" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_MESH:D002248_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CO" ], "offsets": [ [ 600, 602 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002248" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_MESH:D003128_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "semi-coma" ], "offsets": [ [ 805, 814 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003128" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_MESH:D003244_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "impaired consciousness" ], "offsets": [ [ 916, 938 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003244" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_MESH:D003128_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Coma" ], "offsets": [ [ 955, 959 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003128" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_MESH:D003128_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Coma" ], "offsets": [ [ 983, 987 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003128" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_-_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DTT" ], "offsets": [ [ 1033, 1036 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_-_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARAS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1253, 1257 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_-_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARAS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1348, 1352 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_-_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DTT" ], "offsets": [ [ 1410, 1413 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_-_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARAS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1445, 1449 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_9606_19", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1455, 1462 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_MESH:D003244_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "impaired consciousness" ], "offsets": [ [ 1468, 1490 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003244" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_-_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DPHL" ], "offsets": [ [ 1501, 1505 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_-_22", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ARAS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1546, 1550 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_MESH:D003244_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "impaired consciousness" ], "offsets": [ [ 1592, 1614 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003244" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_9606_24", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1618, 1626 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "28724360_-_25", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DPHL" ], "offsets": [ [ 1632, 1636 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "12705946_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Untreated abandoned mercury mining works in a scenic area of Asturias (Spain)." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 78 ] ] }, { "id": "12705946_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Mercury mining was a large and thriving industry during the last century in Asturias (NW Spain). At Branalamosa, mining activity introduced significant quantities of wastes in spoil heaps located close to the mining operations. In these mining wastes, in addition to mercury, high concentrations of other potentially dangerous elements like As have been found. As a consequence, pollution and dereliction of the local environment occurred. This paper focuses on the environmental impact of these old mining operations and describes a preliminary assessment of the extent of contamination. This includes analytical data from systematic sampling of soils, stream sediments, wastes from spoil heaps, water and herbaceous plants in areas affected by mining activities. The potential risk that spoil materials imply for human health and the environment is documented on the basis of the application of EPA Risk Assessment methodology." ], "offsets": [ [ 79, 1008 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "12705946_MESH:D008628_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "mercury" ], "offsets": [ [ 20, 27 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008628" } ] }, { "id": "12705946_MESH:D008628_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Mercury" ], "offsets": [ [ 79, 86 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008628" } ] }, { "id": "12705946_MESH:D008628_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "mercury" ], "offsets": [ [ 346, 353 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008628" } ] }, { "id": "12705946_MESH:D014867_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 776, 781 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "12705946_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 894, 899 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "21874447_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Analysis of epithelial cell shedding and gaps in the intestinal epithelium." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 75 ] ] }, { "id": "21874447_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The intestinal barrier is formed by a monolayer of columnar epithelial cells. This barrier is effectively maintained despite the high turnover of epithelial cells in the gut. Defects in the mechanism by which barrier function is maintained are believed to play a central role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma are often elevated in inflamed tissue of patients with IBD. In fact, anti-TNF-alpha therapy is routinely administered to patients with Crohn's disease. We have previously demonstrated that intestinal epithelial cells are shed from the intestine leaving a 'gap' in the epithelium that is able to maintain barrier function. The rate of cell shedding and barrier permeability is substantially increased by the administration of TNF-alpha. Loss of barrier function at the site of a gap may provide a site of entry for disease-causing bacteria." ], "offsets": [ [ 76, 1006 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "21874447_MESH:D015212_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "inflammatory bowel disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 375, 401 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015212" } ] }, { "id": "21874447_MESH:D015212_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "IBD" ], "offsets": [ [ 403, 406 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015212" } ] }, { "id": "21874447_7124_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "TNF-alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 443, 452 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7124" } ] }, { "id": "21874447_3458_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IFN-gamma" ], "offsets": [ [ 457, 466 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3458" } ] }, { "id": "21874447_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 508, 516 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "21874447_MESH:D015212_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "IBD" ], "offsets": [ [ 522, 525 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015212" } ] }, { "id": "21874447_7124_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "TNF-alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 541, 550 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7124" } ] }, { "id": "21874447_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 588, 596 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "21874447_MESH:D003424_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Crohn's disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 602, 617 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003424" } ] }, { "id": "21874447_7124_9", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "TNF-alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 892, 901 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7124" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31530597_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Relationship between breast feeding and motor development in children: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 122 ] ] }, { "id": "31530597_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "INTRODUCTION: The recommendations of most health organisations encourage mothers to keep exclusive breast feeding during the first 6 months and combining breast feeding with complementary feeding at least during the first and second years, due to the numerous immunologic, cognitive developmental and motor skill benefits that breast feeding confers. Although the influence of breast feeding on motor development during childhood has been studied, the findings are inconsistent, and some studies have even reported no effect. This manuscript presents a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis, with the aim of reviewing the relationship between breast feeding and motor skill development in children in terms of duration, exclusivity or non-exclusivity of breast feeding. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The search will be conducted using Medline (via PubMed), EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library from inception to December 2019. Observational studies (cross-sectional and follow-up studies) written in English or Spanish that investigate the association between breast feeding and motor development in children will be included. This systematic review and meta-analysis protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols. The Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies and The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for longitudinal studies will be used to assess the quality of included studies. The effect of breast feeding on motor skill development will be calculated as the primary outcome. Subgroup analyses will be carried out based on the characteristics of motor skill development and the population included. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval is not required because the data used will be obtained from published studies, and there will be no concerns about privacy. The findings from this study will be relevant information regarding the association of breast feeding with motor development in children and could be used encourage to improve breastfeeding rates. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42018093706." ], "offsets": [ [ 123, 2294 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "31530597_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 61, 69 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "31530597_MESH:D003072_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cognitive developmental" ], "offsets": [ [ 396, 419 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003072" } ] }, { "id": "31530597_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 825, 833 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "31530597_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 1235, 1243 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "31530597_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 2122, 2130 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18763190_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Clinicians' views on clinical examination and treatment of children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). A Danish national survey study." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 157 ] ] }, { "id": "18763190_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a frequently encountered disorder in children and adolescents. Several characteristics make the disorder a challenge to diagnostic methods and treatment procedures including the diversity of symptoms, the delay of referral and the occurrence of comorbidity. The aim of the present study was to examine how recent progress in assessment and treatment has influenced the Danish clinicians in their work with children and adolescents with OCD. The study was conducted as a national survey addressing a total of 14 outpatient children and adolescent departments, and 25 medical specialists in private practice. The clinicians received a questionnaire including general and specific questions on assessment scales and treatment methods towards OCD and their view on treatment efficacy and prognosis. A total of 71.8% responded to the questionnaire. Most clinicians reported the use of a general medical and social history combined with the use of OCD-specific checklists. Treatment procedures included medication, cognitive therapy or cognitive-behavioural therapy and a family approach depending on the age of the patient. Eighty-one per cent of the clinicians reported a good or very good effect of treatment. Clinical Global Improvement ratings of the last treated patient indicated a treatment response of 68.8% and a response on general improvement of 59.4%. In conclusion, the present study shows that treatment methods employed towards children and adolescents with OCD are close to the clinical recommendations and comparable with those employed in other countries. Furthermore, the general opinion of clinicians towards OCD is comparable with that described in the literature. However, a discussion of the choice of recommended assessment methods including the use of both specific and general checklists is warranted." ], "offsets": [ [ 158, 2019 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "18763190_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 59, 67 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18763190_MESH:D009771_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "obsessive-compulsive disorder" ], "offsets": [ [ 89, 118 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009771" } ] }, { "id": "18763190_MESH:D009771_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "OCD" ], "offsets": [ [ 120, 123 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009771" } ] }, { "id": "18763190_MESH:D009771_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Obsessive-compulsive disorder" ], "offsets": [ [ 158, 187 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009771" } ] }, { "id": "18763190_MESH:D009771_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "OCD" ], "offsets": [ [ 189, 192 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009771" } ] }, { "id": "18763190_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 234, 242 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18763190_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 603, 611 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18763190_MESH:D009771_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "OCD" ], "offsets": [ [ 633, 636 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009771" } ] }, { "id": "18763190_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "outpatient" ], "offsets": [ [ 708, 718 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18763190_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 719, 727 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18763190_MESH:D009771_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "OCD" ], "offsets": [ [ 936, 939 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009771" } ] }, { "id": "18763190_MESH:D009771_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "OCD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1139, 1142 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009771" } ] }, { "id": "18763190_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1307, 1314 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18763190_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1460, 1467 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18763190_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 1635, 1643 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18763190_MESH:D009771_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "OCD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1665, 1668 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009771" } ] }, { "id": "18763190_MESH:D009771_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "OCD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1821, 1824 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009771" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "19845987_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Knowledge network for medical technology management in Mexico." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 62 ] ] }, { "id": "19845987_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVES: The role of biomedical engineers (BMEs) has changed widely over the years, from managing a group of technicians to the planning of large installations and the management of medical technology countrywide. As the technology has advanced, the competence of BMEs has been challenged because it is no longer possible to be an expert in every component of the technology involved in running a hospital. Our approach has been to form a network of professionals that are experts in different fields related to medical technology, where work is coordinated to provide high quality services at the planning and execution stages of projects related to medical technology. METHODS: A study of the procedures involved in the procurement of medical technology has been carried out over the years. These experiences have been compared with several case studies where the approach to problem solving in this area has been multidisciplinary. Planning and execution phases of projects involving medical technology management have been identified. RESULTS: After several instances of collaboration among experts from different fields, a network for management of healthcare technology has been formed at our institution that incorporates the experience from different departments that were dealing separately with projects involving medical technology. CONCLUSIONS: This network has led us to propose this approach to solve medical technology management projects, where the strengths of each subgroup complement each other. This structure will lead to a more integrated approach to healthcare technology management and will ensure higher quality solutions." ], "offsets": [ [ 63, 1713 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "33632599_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Multibody dynamic modeling and controlling for unmanned bicycle system." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 71 ] ] }, { "id": "33632599_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The accurate mathematical model of the dynamic multi-rigid-body mechanical system of unmanned bicycle is established by using the Kane method, and the derivation is presented in detail. And then, the stability of the unmanned bicycle system is analyzed based on the obtained model. In addition, the influence factors to the stability which is caused by changing of the structure parameters of wheelbase, centroid of the bicycle, head fork angle, fork trail and the velocity of the bicycle are analyzed. The balance mechanism of unmanned bicycle is revealed based on the analysis, and the reasonability of the key structure revolution in the development history of bicycle is explained. The model of unmanned bicycle provided solid theory evidences for the optimization of the bicycle structure parameters. Four universal laws for balancing the bicycle are summarized by system analyzing, and the full state feedback control which combines the correcting function of velocity with optimum control is presented. The results of simulation and physical experiment show that the correctness of the dynamic model of the unmanned bicycle and the validity of the control strategy." ], "offsets": [ [ 72, 1244 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "33632599_8743_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "trail" ], "offsets": [ [ 523, 528 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "8743" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3199578_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Factors responsible for recurrences and their prevention in patients with acute myocardial infarction following discharge from the hospital]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 142 ] ] }, { "id": "3199578_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 143, 143 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "3199578_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 61, 69 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "3199578_MESH:D009203_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "acute myocardial infarction" ], "offsets": [ [ 75, 102 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009203" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "17679497_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The relationship between organizational support, work-family conflict, and the job-life satisfaction of university coaches." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 123 ] ] }, { "id": "17679497_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "This study examined the relationship between organizational support, work-family conflict, and job and life satisfaction among coaches. Data from collegiate head coaches with families (N = 253) were gathered through a mailed questionnaire. Results from a series of covariance structure models indicated that a partially mediated model was the best fitting model, chi2 = (255, N = 253) 461.20, p <. 001; root mean error of approximation = . 05; comparative fit index = .95; parsimonious normed fit index = .71. In partial support of the study hypotheses, the results supported full mediation of the direct effect from organizational support to life satisfaction. Work-family conflict partially mediated the relationship between organizational support and job satisfaction. Job satisfaction partially mediated the effect of organizational support and work-family conflict to life satisfaction." ], "offsets": [ [ 124, 1015 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9968729_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Energy of the 4(()+) isomer and new bands in the odd-odd nucleus 74Br." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 70 ] ] }, { "id": "9968729_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 71, 71 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "15904248_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Triplon modes of puddles." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 25 ] ] }, { "id": "15904248_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Free fluctuations of the contact line of large drops (\"puddles\") of wavelength lambda > kappa(-1), the capillary length, cannot be seen on a solid substrate because even a small but finite hysteresis is enough to block these slow modes. We show here that vertical vibrations of the substrate (at frequency omegaE, acceleration Lambda) above a threshold amplitude Lambda(c) release the line and excite contour oscillations (triplons). We observe harmonic modes and parametric excitations at omegaE/2. We construct the phase diagram (Lambda, omegaE) of these subharmonic modes and we study their growth dynamics: they slow down near the threshold of the contour instability." ], "offsets": [ [ 26, 698 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7589504_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A model for transmembrane helix with a cis-proline in the middle." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 65 ] ] }, { "id": "7589504_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The presence of a higher percentage of Proline in the transmembrane helices of transport proteins indicates that they are involved in the function of these integral membrane proteins (IMPs). In many cases, the possible involvement of cis-trans isomerization in function/folding of IMPs has been suggested. The introduction of cis-Pro in an ideal alpha-helix results in a helix-turn-helix motif. A molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is carried out on the sequence ACE-(ALA)10-cis-Pro-(ALA)10-NME with ideal alpha-helical structure to investigate if and how a straight helix can accommodate a cis-Pro. The analysis of the conformations accessed during MD simulation showed that the residues near cis-Pro can adopt alternate conformations other than the right-handed helical conformation such that an almost straight helix is obtained. This may have implications in the involvement of cis-trans isomerization in folding and/or function of IMPs." ], "offsets": [ [ 66, 1007 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "7589504_-_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cis-proline" ], "offsets": [ [ 39, 50 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "7589504_MESH:D011392_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Proline" ], "offsets": [ [ 105, 112 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011392" } ] }, { "id": "7589504_MESH:D002939_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cis-Pro" ], "offsets": [ [ 392, 399 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002939" } ] }, { "id": "7589504_1636_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "ACE" ], "offsets": [ [ 529, 532 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1636" } ] }, { "id": "7589504_MESH:D002939_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cis-Pro" ], "offsets": [ [ 657, 664 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002939" } ] }, { "id": "7589504_MESH:D002939_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cis-Pro" ], "offsets": [ [ 760, 767 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002939" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6166947_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Anticellular and immunosuppressive activities of foodborne phenolic compounds." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 78 ] ] }, { "id": "6166947_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 79, 79 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "6166947_-_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "foodborne" ], "offsets": [ [ 49, 58 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "6166947_-_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "phenolic compounds" ], "offsets": [ [ 59, 77 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18256413_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "An indigenous case of Plasmodium ovale infection in Sri Lanka." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 62 ] ] }, { "id": "18256413_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Plasmodium ovale, which is generally prevalent only in the African region, has been emerging in the Asian and southeast Asian regions. It has not been reported in Sri Lanka. We report, to our knowledge, an indigenous case of P. ovale infection in Sri Lanka. This patient, who was diagnosed by a polymerase chain reaction, had no history of travel overseas or receipt of a transfusion of blood or any blood products, which makes this a likely case of indigenous transmission. This incidental finding of a P. ovale infection has implications for malaria control in the country and highlights the need to rigorously monitor malaria incidence, as well as prevalent Plasmodium species, with newer and more reliable diagnostics." ], "offsets": [ [ 63, 785 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "18256413_MESH:D007239_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ovale infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 33, 48 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "18256413_36330_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Plasmodium ovale" ], "offsets": [ [ 63, 79 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "36330" } ] }, { "id": "18256413_MESH:D007239_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ovale infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 291, 306 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "18256413_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 326, 333 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18256413_MESH:D007239_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ovale infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 570, 585 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "18256413_MESH:D008288_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malaria" ], "offsets": [ [ 607, 614 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008288" } ] }, { "id": "18256413_MESH:D008288_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malaria" ], "offsets": [ [ 684, 691 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008288" } ] }, { "id": "18256413_36330_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Plasmodium" ], "offsets": [ [ 724, 734 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "36330" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "16437023_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The pathogenesis of insulin resistance in children: metabolic complications and the roles of diet, exercise and pharmacotherapy in the prevention of type 2 diabetes." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 165 ] ] }, { "id": "16437023_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "In this manuscript we discuss the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes in children, emphasizing the central importance of obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension and endothelial dysfunction. We then review critically the benefits of diet, exercise and pharmacotherapy in preventing type 2 diabetes and vascular complications in high risk children and young adults." ], "offsets": [ [ 166, 541 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "16437023_3630_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 20, 27 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "16437023_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 42, 50 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "16437023_MESH:D003920_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetes" ], "offsets": [ [ 156, 164 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "16437023_MESH:D003920_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetes" ], "offsets": [ [ 223, 231 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "16437023_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 235, 243 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "16437023_MESH:D009765_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "obesity" ], "offsets": [ [ 283, 290 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009765" } ] }, { "id": "16437023_3630_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 292, 299 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "16437023_MESH:D050171_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dyslipidemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 312, 324 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D050171" } ] }, { "id": "16437023_MESH:D006973_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertension" ], "offsets": [ [ 326, 338 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "16437023_MESH:C536439_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "endothelial dysfunction" ], "offsets": [ [ 343, 366 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C536439" } ] }, { "id": "16437023_MESH:D003920_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetes" ], "offsets": [ [ 466, 474 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "16437023_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 515, 523 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "24983810_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Molecular and in vitro Toxicology at the FHNW." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 46 ] ] }, { "id": "24983810_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "In the recently established Molecular Toxicology laboratory at the Institute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics of the School of Life Sciences in the FHNW, we aim to develop and apply in vitro models for the investigation of toxic effects, with a primary focus on liver and kidney. In collaboration with other institutions, we are developing multicellular type 2D and 3D cell culture assays to be able to closely mimic relevant in vivo situations. In parallel we are broadening the choice of available endpoint analyses." ], "offsets": [ [ 47, 563 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3256144_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Peritoneal fluid analysis in ponies after abdominal surgery." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 60 ] ] }, { "id": "3256144_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Ten student surgery ponies were subjected to exploratory laparotomy. Abdominal paracentesis was performed preoperatively and daily postoperatively for 6 days, then the ponies were euthanatized and necropsied. Initial baseline peritoneal fluid parameters were within established reference limits. Postoperatively, the total leukocyte count and total protein in the peritoneal fluid rose and remained elevated for the 6 days of the study. Complete blood counts (CBCs) were performed preoperatively and on days 1 and 4 postoperatively. On day 1, a stress leukogram with a mild inflammatory component developed, but by day 4, the CBCs were within normal limits. The mean plasma fibrinogen levels, which were determined daily, peaked on day 4." ], "offsets": [ [ 61, 799 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "3256144_MESH:D000079225_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stress" ], "offsets": [ [ 606, 612 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000079225" } ] }, { "id": "3256144_2244_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "fibrinogen" ], "offsets": [ [ 735, 745 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2244" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "25188646_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Etanercept-induced sarcoidosis in rheumatoid arthritis: FDG PET findings." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 73 ] ] }, { "id": "25188646_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "We report the F-FDG PET/CT findings of an etanercept-induced sarcoidosis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. A 68-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis who had been treated with etanercept and methotrexate showed multiple lung nodules and hilar lymph node swellings on CT. She underwent FDG PET/CT for cancer screening. Intense FDG uptakes were found in the multiple lung nodules, bilateral hilar lymph nodes, a periurethral masslike lesion, and cranial meningeal nodules. A histopathological examination revealed epithelioid granuloma with multinucleated giant cells, which was compatible with sarcoidosis." ], "offsets": [ [ 74, 688 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "25188646_MESH:D001172_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sarcoidosis in rheumatoid arthritis" ], "offsets": [ [ 19, 54 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001172" } ] }, { "id": "25188646_-_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "F-FDG" ], "offsets": [ [ 88, 93 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "25188646_MESH:D012507_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sarcoidosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 135, 146 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012507" } ] }, { "id": "25188646_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 152, 159 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "25188646_MESH:D001172_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "rheumatoid arthritis" ], "offsets": [ [ 165, 185 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001172" } ] }, { "id": "25188646_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "woman" ], "offsets": [ [ 201, 206 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "25188646_MESH:D001172_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "rheumatoid arthritis" ], "offsets": [ [ 212, 232 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001172" } ] }, { "id": "25188646_MESH:D008727_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "methotrexate" ], "offsets": [ [ 274, 286 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008727" } ] }, { "id": "25188646_MESH:D009369_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 383, 389 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "25188646_MESH:D019788_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "FDG" ], "offsets": [ [ 409, 412 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019788" } ] }, { "id": "25188646_MESH:D016606_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cranial meningeal nodules" ], "offsets": [ [ 527, 552 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016606" } ] }, { "id": "25188646_MESH:D006099_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "granuloma" ], "offsets": [ [ 607, 616 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006099" } ] }, { "id": "25188646_MESH:D012507_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sarcoidosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 676, 687 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012507" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7105403_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "On the importance of a prolonged dialysis for haemoglobin AIc determination." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 76 ] ] }, { "id": "7105403_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 77, 77 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "19283767_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Novel methods for the assessment of miscibility of amorphous drug-polymer dispersions." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 86 ] ] }, { "id": "19283767_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A typical approach to miscibility analysis of amorphous drug-excipient dispersions involves measuring the glass transition temperature, T(g), using differential scanning calorimetery (DSC). Recently, we discussed two computational methods for the miscibility analysis of amorphous dispersions using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD). Those methods could be used to qualify an amorphous dispersion as miscible or phase separated, with the implication that miscible dispersions are more stable towards recrystallization. The methods were limited by the need for reference XRPD patterns of both the amorphous drug and excipient. In this work, we propose two additional computational approaches that overcome that limitation and can be used to quantify the degree of miscibility in an amorphous dispersion. The first approach is based on the use of a Pure Curve Resolution Method to extract unknown amorphous references as well as qualify miscibility. The second method, based on Alternate Least Squares, can then be used to quantify the degree of miscibility by determining the nearest neighbor (NN) coordination number for the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and excipient. It is proposed that the NN coordination number is related to physical stability." ], "offsets": [ [ 87, 1344 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "19283767_MESH:D011108_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polymer" ], "offsets": [ [ 66, 73 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011108" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "5326976_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Clinical observations on the use of lyophilized tissue in restorative maxillofacial surgery]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 94 ] ] }, { "id": "5326976_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 95, 95 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "2094868_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Use of the acid-etch technique to maintain antimicrobial-containing acrylic resin strips in situ." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 97 ] ] }, { "id": "2094868_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A technique that utilizes acid-etched composite resin to maintain antimicrobial-containing acrylic resin strips in situ is described. The advantage of this technique is that placement of a periodontal pack is unnecessary, so control of supragingival plaque is not hindered at the site of the local antimicrobial delivery. The technique described may improve the effectiveness and the clinical acceptability of local antimicrobials in the treatment of periodontal disease." ], "offsets": [ [ 98, 569 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "2094868_-_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "acrylic" ], "offsets": [ [ 68, 75 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "2094868_MESH:D010510_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "periodontal disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 549, 568 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010510" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "1194268_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Proteins of the periodontium. Identification of collagens with the [alpha1(I)]2alpha2 and [alpha1(III)]3 structures in bovine periodontal ligament." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 147 ] ] }, { "id": "1194268_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Insoluble collagen was prepared from bovine periodontal ligament. Isolation and characterization of CNBr peptides originating from the alpha1(I), alpha2, and alpha1(III) chains showed that the tissue contained both type I and type III collagens. Further evidence for the presence of type III collagen was obtained by the isolation of alpha1(III) chains from pepsin-treated ligament collagen, with properties similar to those of human alpha1(III) chains. Estimates based on the amounts of certain CNBr peptides indicated that about one-fifth of the collagen of periodontal ligament is type III, the remainder being type I collagen." ], "offsets": [ [ 148, 778 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "1194268_9913_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "bovine" ], "offsets": [ [ 119, 125 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9913" } ] }, { "id": "1194268_9913_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "bovine" ], "offsets": [ [ 185, 191 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9913" } ] }, { "id": "1194268_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 576, 581 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "25163351_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Association Between Nursing Diagnoses and Socioeconomic/Clinical Characteristics of Patients on Hemodialysis." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 109 ] ] }, { "id": "25163351_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "PURPOSE: To analyze the association between nursing diagnoses and socioeconomic/clinical characteristics of patients on hemodialysis. METHODS: Cross-sectional study conducted by means of interview and physical examination of 178 patients consecutively selected. FINDINGS: Nursing diagnoses within the NANDA-I domains of health promotion, nutrition, activity/rest, perception/cognition, sexuality, safety/protection, and comfort presented statistically significant association with the socioeconomic/clinical data of age, education, sex, marital status, and duration of the chronic renal disease and hemodialysis. CONCLUSION: The nursing diagnoses in this population may be influenced by the socioeconomic/clinical data. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: The results suggest an opportunity for improved nursing intervention in this community." ], "offsets": [ [ 110, 952 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "25163351_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 84, 92 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "25163351_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 218, 226 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "25163351_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 339, 347 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "25163351_MESH:D051436_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "chronic renal disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 683, 704 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051436" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "14304103_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[ON THE SUBJECT OF PULMONARY ACTINOMYCOSIS]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 44 ] ] }, { "id": "14304103_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 45, 45 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "13016186_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[The speech development in monozygotic and dizygotic twins and inheritance of speech disorders]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 96 ] ] }, { "id": "13016186_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 97, 97 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "13016186_MESH:D013064_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "speech disorders" ], "offsets": [ [ 78, 94 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013064" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "29213395_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Systematic review of dementia prevalence 1994 to 2000." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 54 ] ] }, { "id": "29213395_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Ageing has occurred in all regions of the world, with impact on neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly dementia. However, previous meta-analysis and reviews have shown high variability in world dementia prevalence rates. Objective: The aim of this study was to perform a wide-ranging review of the dementia prevalence studies published in recent years. Methods: The search was made on Medline, Lilacs and Embase databases for research conducted between 1994 and 2000. The main inclusion criteria were: use of standard diagnostic criteria and investigation of community samples. Results: The final selection included 42 papers, from all continents. The mean prevalence rate of dementia in subjects aged 65 years and older, for continents, ranged from 2.2% in Africa to 8.9% in Europe, and among countries, from 1.3% in India to 14.9% in Spain. However, there was a trend of clustering of the world prevalence rates with the majority of studies reporting rates between 4.2% and 7.2% (>=65 years). Age directly influenced the rates, with a mean prevalence rate of 1.2% (95% CI: 0.8.1.5) for the 65-69 years group and 39.9% (95% CI: 34.4.45.3) for the 90-94 year group, but showing less pronounced influence in the very elderly age group. The urban samples had higher rates, where no significant gender difference was evidenced. Conclusion: The age influence over dementia rates apparently leveled off in the very elderly group while a trend toward similar dementia prevalence rates around the world was probably influenced by greater homogeneity in diagnostic criteria." ], "offsets": [ [ 55, 1623 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "29213395_MESH:D003704_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 21, 29 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] }, { "id": "29213395_MESH:D001523_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "neuropsychiatric disorders" ], "offsets": [ [ 119, 145 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001523" } ] }, { "id": "29213395_MESH:D003704_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 160, 168 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] }, { "id": "29213395_MESH:D003704_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 251, 259 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] }, { "id": "29213395_MESH:D003704_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 355, 363 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] }, { "id": "29213395_MESH:D003704_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 733, 741 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] }, { "id": "29213395_MESH:D003704_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1417, 1425 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] }, { "id": "29213395_MESH:D003704_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1510, 1518 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "19766881_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Carrier screening for cystic fibrosis." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 38 ] ] }, { "id": "19766881_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 39, 39 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "19766881_MESH:D003550_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cystic fibrosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 22, 37 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003550" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "33699499_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Prehistoric Dentistry-Bridge Work." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 34 ] ] }, { "id": "33699499_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 35, 35 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "4292391_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Continuous fluorometric determination of pyruvic acid]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 56 ] ] }, { "id": "4292391_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 57, 57 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "4292391_MESH:D019289_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "pyruvic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 42, 54 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019289" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "28203560_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Spontaneous reduction of small bowel herniation through the foramen of Winslow: importance of a timely approach." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 112 ] ] }, { "id": "28203560_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "We present the case of young female patient presenting with acute onset abdominal pain. Abdominopelvic CT revealed herniation through the foramen of Winslow. The patient was transferred to our hospital and underwent laparoscopic exploration. Though spontaneous reduction was detected, segmental resection of the impacted small bowel was inevitable due to ischemic change. Our case suggests that reducing the time until surgery is very important to lower the probability of bowel resection in case of small bowel herniation through the foramen of Winslow." ], "offsets": [ [ 113, 667 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "28203560_MESH:D007022_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Spontaneous reduction of small bowel herniation" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 47 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007022" } ] }, { "id": "28203560_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 149, 156 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "28203560_MESH:D015746_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "abdominal pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 185, 199 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015746" } ] }, { "id": "28203560_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 275, 282 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "28203560_MESH:D007511_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ischemic change" ], "offsets": [ [ 468, 483 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007511" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "30697497_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Exploring wearable sensors as an alternative to marker-based motion capture in the pitching delivery." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 101 ] ] }, { "id": "30697497_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Background: Improvements in data processing, increased understanding of the biomechanical background behind kinetics and kinematics, and technological advancements in inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors have enabled high precision in the measurement of joint angles and acceleration on human subjects. This has resulted in new devices that reportedly measure joint angles, arm speed, and stresses to the pitching arms of baseball players. This study seeks to validate one such sensor, the MotusBASEBALL unit, with a marker-based motion capture laboratory. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that the joint angle measurements (\"arm slot\" and \"shoulder rotation\") of the MotusBASEBALL device will hold a statistically significant level of reliability and accuracy, but that the \"arm speed\" and \"stress\" metrics will not be accurate due to limitations in IMU technology. Methods: A total of 10 healthy subjects threw five to seven fastballs followed by five to seven breaking pitches (slider or curveball) in the motion capture lab. Subjects wore retroreflective markers and the MotusBASEBALL sensor simultaneously. Results: It was found that the arm slot (R = 0.975, P < 0.001), shoulder rotation (R = 0.749, P < 0.001), and stress (R = 0.667, P = 0.001 when compared to elbow torque; R = 0.653, P = 0.002 when compared to shoulder torque) measurements were all significantly correlated with the results from the motion capture lab. Arm speed showed significant correlations to shoulder internal rotation speed (R = 0.668, P = 0.001) and shoulder velocity magnitude (R = 0.659, P = 0.002). For the entire sample, arm slot and shoulder rotation measurements were on a similar scale, or within 5-15% in absolute value, of magnitude to measurements from the motion capture test, averaging eight degrees less (12.9% relative differences) and nine degrees (5.4%) less, respectively. Arm speed had a much larger difference, averaging 3,745 deg/s (80.2%) lower than shoulder internal rotation velocity, and 3,891 deg/s (80.8%) less than the shoulder velocity magnitude. The stress metric was found to be 41 Newton meter (Nm; 38.7%) less when compared to elbow torque, and 42 Nm (39.3%) less when compared to shoulder torque. Despite the differences in magnitude, the correlations were extremely strong, indicating that the MotusBASEBALL sensor had high reliability for casual use. Conclusion: This study attempts to validate the use of the MotusBASEBALL for future studies that look at the arm slot, shoulder rotation, arm speed, and stress measurements from the MotusBASEBALL sensor. Excepting elbow extension velocity, all metrics from the MotusBASEBALL unit showed significant correlations to their corresponding metrics from motion capture and while some magnitudes differ substantially and therefore fall short in validity, the link between the metrics is strong enough to indicate reliable casual use. Further research should be done to further investigate the validity and reliability of the arm speed metric." ], "offsets": [ [ 102, 3105 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "30697497_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 392, 397 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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