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[ { "id": "36395423_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Stereoselective Iron-Catalyzed Alkylation of Enamides with Cyclopropanols via Oxidative C(sp2)-H Functionalization." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 115 ] ] }, { "id": "36395423_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Established herein is a radical-mediated C-H alkylation of enamides with cyclopropanols. An environmentally benign catalytic system with iron salt and air is used to permit the oxidative coupling process. The protocol demonstrates a broad substrate scope, allowing the stereoselective synthesis of alkylated enamides. The value of this strategy is further reflected by late-stage diversification of complex cyclopropanol-containing molecules and downstream transformations. Mechanistic studies reveal the dual role of iron salt in the reaction." ], "offsets": [ [ 116, 660 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "36395423_MESH:D007501_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Iron" ], "offsets": [ [ 16, 20 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007501" } ] }, { "id": "36395423_MESH:C582456_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Enamides" ], "offsets": [ [ 45, 53 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C582456" } ] }, { "id": "36395423_MESH:C043657_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Cyclopropanols" ], "offsets": [ [ 59, 73 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C043657" } ] }, { "id": "36395423_61995_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "C(sp2)" ], "offsets": [ [ 88, 94 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "61995" } ] }, { "id": "36395423_MESH:C582456_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "enamides" ], "offsets": [ [ 175, 183 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C582456" } ] }, { "id": "36395423_MESH:C043657_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cyclopropanols" ], "offsets": [ [ 189, 203 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C043657" } ] }, { "id": "36395423_MESH:D007501_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "iron salt" ], "offsets": [ [ 253, 262 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007501" } ] }, { "id": "36395423_MESH:C582456_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "enamides" ], "offsets": [ [ 424, 432 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C582456" } ] }, { "id": "36395423_MESH:C043657_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cyclopropanol" ], "offsets": [ [ 523, 536 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C043657" } ] }, { "id": "36395423_MESH:D007501_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "iron salt" ], "offsets": [ [ 634, 643 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007501" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "17406118_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p27, has no correlation with the malignant potential of GIST." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 100 ] ] }, { "id": "17406118_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Tumor size and mitotic activity are characteristically associated with the malignant potential and prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). However, since neither small tumor size nor low mitotic activity can rule out malignancy, additional factors that may predict malignant behavior have been suggested. AIM: To evaluate the correlation between the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CDI), p27kip1, expression and the malignant potential of GIST. METHODS: Serial sections were evaluated by immunohistochemistry after staining with antibodies against p27/Kip1 and Ki-67 in surgical material obtained from 36 patients with GIST. p27kip1 staining intensity and the percentage of positive cells were investigated for association with the malignancy risk, pathological features, overall survival, and disease-free survival. Histologic grade was assigned by spindle vs. epithelioid cell histology, mucosal invasion, tumor cell necrosis or atypia and the number of mitoses. RESULTS: In the multivariate model, p27kip1 expression was not significantly associated with any of the variables examined except Kit protein-CD117 (r = 0.37, p = 0.03). Comparative evaluation of p27kip1 expression in GIST cells revealed higher levels of p27kip1 in patients who died compared to those who survived (2.04 +/- 0.54 vs. 1.3 +/- 0.99, p = 0.1). CONCLUSION: The CDI p27kip1 was not associated with malignancy of GISTs and did not serve as a predictor of survival." ], "offsets": [ [ 101, 1569 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "17406118_1033_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor" ], "offsets": [ [ 4, 37 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1033" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_10671_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p27" ], "offsets": [ [ 39, 42 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "10671" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_MESH:D046152_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gastrointestinal stromal tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 225, 256 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D046152" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_MESH:D009369_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 294, 299 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_MESH:D009369_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignancy" ], "offsets": [ [ 343, 353 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_1033_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor" ], "offsets": [ [ 476, 509 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1033" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_1033_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CDI" ], "offsets": [ [ 511, 514 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1033" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_1027_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p27kip1" ], "offsets": [ [ 517, 524 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1027" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_10671_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p27" ], "offsets": [ [ 677, 680 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "10671" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_1027_9", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Kip1" ], "offsets": [ [ 681, 685 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1027" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 734, 742 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_1027_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p27kip1" ], "offsets": [ [ 754, 761 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1027" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_MESH:D009369_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignancy" ], "offsets": [ [ 861, 871 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_MESH:D005935_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor cell necrosis or atypia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1037, 1066 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005935" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_1027_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p27kip1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1130, 1137 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1027" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_3815_15", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Kit" ], "offsets": [ [ 1224, 1227 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3815" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_3815_16", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CD117" ], "offsets": [ [ 1236, 1241 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3815" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_1027_17", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p27kip1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1290, 1297 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1027" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_1027_18", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p27kip1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1349, 1356 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1027" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_9606_19", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1360, 1368 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_MESH:D003643_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "died" ], "offsets": [ [ 1373, 1377 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_1033_21", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CDI" ], "offsets": [ [ 1468, 1471 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1033" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_1027_22", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "p27kip1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1472, 1479 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1027" } ] }, { "id": "17406118_MESH:D009369_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignancy of GISTs" ], "offsets": [ [ 1504, 1523 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "8664545_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Intestinal epithelial cell differentiation: new insights from mice, flies and nematodes." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 88 ] ] }, { "id": "8664545_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Decisions commonly made during development that affect proliferation, cell fate specification, differentiation, migration, and death are made repeatedly in the mouse small intestinal epithelium throughout adulthood. The results of these decisions are a stratification of proliferation, differentiation, and death along the mouse small intestine's crypt/villus axis. Recent genetic studies in Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster have identified factors involved in determining cell fate and differentiation in gut endoderm. The stem cell hierarchy of the adult mouse intestinal epithelium makes it ideally suited for using chimeric animals to examine the functions of homologs of these lower eukaryotic (and other) proteins." ], "offsets": [ [ 89, 827 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "8664545_10090_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 62, 66 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "8664545_MESH:D003643_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "death" ], "offsets": [ [ 216, 221 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "8664545_10090_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 249, 254 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "8664545_MESH:D003643_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "death" ], "offsets": [ [ 396, 401 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "8664545_10090_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 412, 417 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "8664545_6239_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Caenorhabditis elegans" ], "offsets": [ [ 481, 503 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "6239" } ] }, { "id": "8664545_7227_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Drosophila melanogaster" ], "offsets": [ [ 508, 531 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "7227" } ] }, { "id": "8664545_10090_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 664, 669 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "481262_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Statistical evaluation of the proportionate share of ecologic factors in altering biological processes in irrigated soil]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 123 ] ] }, { "id": "481262_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 124, 124 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "14290596_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "FIELD METHOD FOR RAPID COLLECTION OF IODINE 131 FROM MILK." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 58 ] ] }, { "id": "14290596_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 59, 59 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "14290596_MESH:D007455_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "IODINE" ], "offsets": [ [ 37, 43 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007455" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "15237996_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Mononuclear nickel(III) and nickel(II) thiolate complexes with intramolecular S-H proton interacting with both sulfur and nickel: relevance to the [NiFe]/[NiFeSe] hydrogenases." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 176 ] ] }, { "id": "15237996_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Mononuclear, distorted square planar [Ni(II)(ER)(P(o-C(6)H(4)S)(2)(o-C(6)H(4)SH))](-) (ER = SePh (1), 2-S-C(4)H(3)S (2)) with a S-H proton directly interacting with both nickel and sulfur atoms were prepared by reaction of [Ni(CO)(SePh)(3)](-)/[Ni(CO)(2-S-C(4)H(3)S)(3)](-) and P(o-C(6)H(4)SH)(3), individually. The presence of combinations of intramolecular [Ni-S...H-SR]/[Ni...H-SR] interactions was verified in the solid state by the observation of an IR nu(SH) stretching band (2273 and 2283 cm(-)(1) (KBr) for complexes 1 and 2, individually) and (1)H NMR spectra (delta 8.079 (d) (CD(2)Cl(2)) and 8.39 (d) (C(4)D(8)O) ppm (-SH) for complexes 1 and 2, respectively) and subsequently confirmed by X-ray diffraction study. The exo-thiol proton (o-C(6)H(4)SH) in complexes 1 and 2 was identified as a D(2)O exchangeable proton from NMR and IR studies and was quantitatively removed by Lewis base Et(3)N to yield Ni(II) dimer [Ni(II)(P(o-C(6)H(4)S)(3))](2)(2)(-) (5). Instead of the ligand-based oxidation to form dinuclear Ni(II) complexes and dichalcogenide, oxidation of THF-CH(3)CN solution of complexes 1 and 2 by O(2) resulted in the formation of the mononuclear, distorted trigonal bipyramidal [Ni(III)(ER)(P(o-C(6)H(4)S)(3))](-) (ER = SePh (3), 2-S-C(4)H(3)S (4)) accompanied by byproduct H(2)O identified by (1)H NMR, respectively. The 4.2 K EPR spectra of complexes 3 and 4 exhibiting high rhombicities with three principal g values of 2.304, 2.091, and 2.0 are consonant with Ni(III) with the odd electron in the d(z)(2) orbital. Complex 3 undergoes a reversible Ni(III/II) process at E(1/2) = -0.67 V vs Ag/AgCl in MeCN." ], "offsets": [ [ 177, 1810 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "15237996_-_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nickel(III)" ], "offsets": [ [ 12, 23 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "15237996_-_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nickel(II) thiolate" ], "offsets": [ [ 28, 47 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "15237996_MESH:D013455_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sulfur" ], "offsets": [ [ 111, 117 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013455" } ] }, { "id": "15237996_MESH:D009532_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nickel" ], "offsets": [ [ 122, 128 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009532" } ] }, { "id": "15237996_MESH:C566100_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Ni(II)(ER)(P(o-C(6)H(4)S" ], "offsets": [ [ 215, 239 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C566100" } ] }, { "id": "15237996_MESH:D020216_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "o-C(6)H(4)SH" ], "offsets": [ [ 244, 256 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020216" } ] }, { "id": "15237996_MESH:D018455_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "2-S-C(4)H(3)S" ], "offsets": [ [ 279, 292 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018455" } ] }, { "id": "15237996_MESH:C564972_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sulfur atoms" ], "offsets": [ [ 358, 370 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C564972" } ] }, { "id": "15237996_MESH:D018455_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "2-S-C(4)H(3)S" ], "offsets": [ [ 429, 442 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018455" } ] }, { "id": "15237996_MESH:D020216_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "o-C(6)H(4)SH" ], "offsets": [ [ 457, 469 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020216" } ] }, { "id": "15237996_-_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CD(2)Cl(" ], "offsets": [ [ 764, 772 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "15237996_-_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "exo-thiol" ], "offsets": [ [ 907, 916 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "15237996_MESH:D020216_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "o-C(6)H(4)SH" ], "offsets": [ [ 925, 937 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020216" } ] }, { "id": "15237996_MESH:C566100_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Ni(II)(P(o-C(6)H(4)S" ], "offsets": [ [ 1105, 1125 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C566100" } ] }, { "id": "15237996_MESH:D017827_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "THF-CH(3)CN" ], "offsets": [ [ 1252, 1263 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017827" } ] }, { "id": "15237996_MESH:C566100_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Ni(III)(ER)(P(o-C(6)H(4)S" ], "offsets": [ [ 1380, 1405 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C566100" } ] }, { "id": "15237996_MESH:D018455_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "2-S-C(4)H(3)S" ], "offsets": [ [ 1431, 1444 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018455" } ] }, { "id": "15237996_-_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "H(2)O" ], "offsets": [ [ 1475, 1480 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "15237996_-_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "AgCl" ], "offsets": [ [ 1797, 1801 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "15237996_-_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "MeCN" ], "offsets": [ [ 1805, 1809 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "19696804_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Optical coherence tomography-based decision making in exudative age-related macular degeneration: comparison of time- vs spectral-domain devices." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 145 ] ] }, { "id": "19696804_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "PURPOSE: To determine whether optical coherence tomography (OCT) device-type influences clinical grading of OCT imaging in the context of exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: Ninety-six paired OCT scans from 49 patients with active exudative AMD were obtained on both the time-domain Stratus OCT system and the spectral-domain Cirrus OCT system at the same visit. Three independent graders judged each scan for the presence of intraretinal fluid (IRF) or subretinal fluid (SRF). The degree of grader consensus was evaluated and the ability of the systems to detect the presence of disease activity was analysed. RESULTS: Cirrus OCT generated a higher degree of inter-grader consensus than Stratus OCT with higher intraclass correlation coefficients for all parameters analysed. A pair-wise comparison of Cirrus OCT with Stratus OCT systems revealed that Cirrus-based gradings more frequently reported the presence of SRF and IRF and detected overall neovascular activity at a higher rate (P<0.05) compared with Stratus-based gradings. CONCLUSIONS: The choice of time-domain (Stratus) vs spectra-domain (Cirrus) OCT systems has a measurable impact on clinical decision making in exudative AMD. Spectral-domain OCT systems may be able to generate more consensus in clinical interpretation and, in particular cases, detect disease activity not detected by time-domain systems. Clinical trials using OCT-based clinical evaluations of exudative AMD may need to account for these inter-system differences in planning and analysis." ], "offsets": [ [ 146, 1692 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "19696804_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 379, 387 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35137864_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Learning from the llama: on the broad contours of cultural contributions and geographic expansion." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 98 ] ] }, { "id": "35137864_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The llama (Lama glama) is the largest domesticated animal species from South America and is today found worldwide. Andean peoples have used the llama for millennia for meat, wool, packing, spiritual etc. In order to know the history of the llama, we must learn about the peoples that have known the animal and the ways those relationships have changed over time. While also considering closely related species, including alpaca, guanaco, and vicuna, this article posits three eras of llama/human entanglements: the era of domestication in pre-Columbian Andean sites; the era of dispersal and co-mingling, from 1530s to the 1890s; and finally popular fads and global appeal." ], "offsets": [ [ 99, 772 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "35137864_9844_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "llama" ], "offsets": [ [ 18, 23 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9844" } ] }, { "id": "35137864_9844_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "llama" ], "offsets": [ [ 103, 108 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9844" } ] }, { "id": "35137864_9844_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Lama glama" ], "offsets": [ [ 110, 120 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9844" } ] }, { "id": "35137864_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "peoples" ], "offsets": [ [ 221, 228 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35137864_9844_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "llama" ], "offsets": [ [ 243, 248 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9844" } ] }, { "id": "35137864_9844_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "llama" ], "offsets": [ [ 339, 344 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9844" } ] }, { "id": "35137864_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "peoples" ], "offsets": [ [ 370, 377 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35137864_30538_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "alpaca" ], "offsets": [ [ 520, 526 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "30538" } ] }, { "id": "35137864_9840_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "guanaco" ], "offsets": [ [ 528, 535 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9840" } ] }, { "id": "35137864_9843_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "vicuna" ], "offsets": [ [ 541, 547 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9843" } ] }, { "id": "35137864_9844_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "llama" ], "offsets": [ [ 583, 588 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9844" } ] }, { "id": "35137864_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 589, 594 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9264707_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Relationship between changes in factors of nonspecific resistance during traumatic and burn shock]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 100 ] ] }, { "id": "9264707_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 101, 101 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "9264707_MESH:D012769_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "shock" ], "offsets": [ [ 93, 98 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012769" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20480230_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Improving calving management to further enhance reproductive performance in dairy cattle." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 89 ] ] }, { "id": "20480230_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The aim of this study was to develop a system for the monitoring of calving to both reduce perinatal mortality and improve dairy cow fertility by preventing the majority of post-partum reproductive pathologies. Eighty dairy cows were assigned to the protocol of calving monitoring using GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) technology. The application of GSM technology and the proper management of calving facilities comprise reliable approaches for calving assistance and improvements in reproductive efficiency and neonatal viability. Based on the results of this study, we advocate the use of GSM technology on large farms for intensive milk production." ], "offsets": [ [ 90, 756 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "20480230_9913_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "cattle" ], "offsets": [ [ 82, 88 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9913" } ] }, { "id": "20480230_MESH:D003643_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mortality" ], "offsets": [ [ 191, 200 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "20480230_9913_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "dairy cow" ], "offsets": [ [ 213, 222 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9913" } ] }, { "id": "20480230_9913_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "cows" ], "offsets": [ [ 314, 318 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9913" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35242466_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Raynaud's Phenomenon: Reviewing the Pathophysiology and Management Strategies." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 78 ] ] }, { "id": "35242466_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) is a multifactorial vasospastic disorder characterized by a transient, recurrent, and reversible constriction of peripheral blood vessels. RP is documented to affect up to 5% of the general population, but variation in its prevalence is commonly recognized owing to many factors, including varied definitions, gender, genetics, hormones, and region. Furthermore, RP may be idiopathic or be a clinical manifestation of an underlying illness. Patients with RP classically describe a triphasic discoloration of the affected area, beginning with pallor, followed by cyanosis, and finally ending with erythema. This change in color spares the thumb and is often associated with pain. Each attack may persist from several minutes to hours. Moreover, the transient cessation of blood flow in RP is postulated to be mediated by neural and vascular mechanisms. Both structural and functional alterations observed in the blood vessels contribute to the vascular abnormalities documented in RP. However, functional impairment serves as a primary contributor to the pathophysiology of primary Raynaud's. Substances like endothelin-1, angiotensin, and angiopoietin-2 play a significant role in the vessel-mediated pathophysiology of RP. The role of nitric oxide in the development of this phenomenon is still complex. Neural abnormalities resulting in RP are recognized as either being concerned with central mechanisms or peripheral mechanisms. CNS involvement in RP may be suggested by the fact that emotional distress and low temperature serve as major triggers for an attack, but recent observations have highlighted the importance of locally produced factors in this regard as well. Impaired vasodilation, increased vasoconstriction, and several intravascular abnormalities have been documented as potential contributors to the development of this disorder. RP has also been observed to occur as a side effect of various drugs. Recent advances in understanding the mechanism of RP have yielded better pharmacological therapies. However, general lifestyle modifications along with other nonpharmacological interventions remain first-line in the management of these patients. Calcium channel blockers, alpha-1 adrenoreceptor antagonists, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, nitric oxide, prostaglandin analogs, and phosphodiesterase inhibitors are some of the common classes of drugs that have been found to be therapeutically significant in the management of RP. Additionally, anxiety management, measures to avoid colder temperatures, and smoking cessation, along with other simple modifications, have proven to be effective non-drug strategies in patients experiencing milder symptoms." ], "offsets": [ [ 79, 2789 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "35242466_MESH:D011928_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Raynaud's Phenomenon" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 20 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011928" } ] }, { "id": "35242466_MESH:D011928_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Raynaud's phenomenon" ], "offsets": [ [ 79, 99 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011928" } ] }, { "id": "35242466_MESH:D004194_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "multifactorial vasospastic disorder" ], "offsets": [ [ 110, 145 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004194" } ] }, { "id": "35242466_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 546, 554 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35242466_MESH:D003490_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cyanosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 667, 675 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003490" } ] }, { "id": "35242466_MESH:D004890_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "erythema" ], "offsets": [ [ 701, 709 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004890" } ] }, { "id": "35242466_MESH:D010146_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 778, 782 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010146" } ] }, { "id": "35242466_MESH:D000783_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "vascular abnormalities" ], "offsets": [ [ 1048, 1070 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000783" } ] }, { "id": "35242466_1906_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "endothelin-1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1213, 1225 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1906" } ] }, { "id": "35242466_285_9", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "angiopoietin-2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1244, 1258 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "285" } ] }, { "id": "35242466_MESH:D009569_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nitric oxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 1341, 1353 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009569" } ] }, { "id": "35242466_MESH:D004211_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "intravascular abnormalities" ], "offsets": [ [ 1843, 1870 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004211" } ] }, { "id": "35242466_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 2261, 2269 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35242466_MESH:D002118_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Calcium" ], "offsets": [ [ 2271, 2278 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002118" } ] }, { "id": "35242466_1636_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "angiotensin-converting enzyme" ], "offsets": [ [ 2333, 2362 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1636" } ] }, { "id": "35242466_MESH:D009569_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nitric oxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 2375, 2387 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009569" } ] }, { "id": "35242466_MESH:D011453_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "prostaglandin" ], "offsets": [ [ 2389, 2402 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011453" } ] }, { "id": "35242466_MESH:D001007_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anxiety" ], "offsets": [ [ 2579, 2586 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001007" } ] }, { "id": "35242466_9606_18", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 2751, 2759 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "4256236_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Complications during epontal anesthesia]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 42 ] ] }, { "id": "4256236_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 43, 43 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9562100_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Bilateral malignant melanoma of the choroid in the United States." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 65 ] ] }, { "id": "9562100_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "We examined a 73-year-old woman with bilateral malignant melanoma of the choroid associated with multiple nonocular malignancies. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy was performed in the left eye to provide a tissue diagnosis. Cytologic examination of the lesion in the left eye confirmed the diagnosis of primary malignant choroidal melanoma. This case demonstrates that bilateral malignant melanoma of the choroid occurs more frequently than expected, and may be associated with nonocular malignancies." ], "offsets": [ [ 66, 564 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "9562100_MESH:D008545_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignant melanoma of the choroid" ], "offsets": [ [ 10, 43 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008545" } ] }, { "id": "9562100_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "woman" ], "offsets": [ [ 92, 97 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9562100_MESH:D008545_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignant melanoma of the choroid" ], "offsets": [ [ 113, 146 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008545" } ] }, { "id": "9562100_MESH:D009369_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignancies" ], "offsets": [ [ 182, 194 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "9562100_MESH:D008545_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignant choroidal melanoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 374, 402 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008545" } ] }, { "id": "9562100_MESH:D008545_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignant melanoma of the choroid" ], "offsets": [ [ 442, 475 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008545" } ] }, { "id": "9562100_MESH:D009369_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignancies" ], "offsets": [ [ 551, 563 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "33812436_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Genetic and Clinical Characteristics of A Family with Combined PROC and PROS1 Genetic Variants]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 97 ] ] }, { "id": "33812436_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: To test the anticoagulation functions, perform the genetic diagnosis and analyze the clinical characteristics in a family with combined heterozygous genetic variants of PROC and PROS1. METHODS: Peripheral blood was collected from all the family members. Hematological phenotypes and activity of anticoagulant factors were analyzed. Target genes were amplified by PCR from DNA isolated from peripheral blood, and then were analyzed by Sanger DNA sequencing. RESULTS: Many members in the family displayed the combined genetic variants in protein C and protein S, and six family members accompanied by deep venous thrombosis (DVT). The influences of genetic and secondary factors on the incidence of venous thrombosis in the family members were analyzed. The results showed that in this family, carriers of combined protein C and protein S gene defects had a higher incidence of VTE, but acquired factors still played a key role in the eventual thrombotic symptoms. CONCLUSION: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a multifactorial disease, the combined genetic heterozygous mutations of protein C and S is an important genetic factor, and the clinical phenotype show a high heterogenicity, the secondary factors contribute to the VTE incidence." ], "offsets": [ [ 98, 1346 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "33812436_5627_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PROS1" ], "offsets": [ [ 73, 78 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "5627" } ] }, { "id": "33812436_5627_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PROS1" ], "offsets": [ [ 287, 292 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "5627" } ] }, { "id": "33812436_MESH:D020246_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "deep venous thrombosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 708, 730 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020246" } ] }, { "id": "33812436_MESH:D020246_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "DVT" ], "offsets": [ [ 732, 735 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020246" } ] }, { "id": "33812436_MESH:D020246_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "venous thrombosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 806, 823 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020246" } ] }, { "id": "33812436_MESH:D054556_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "VTE" ], "offsets": [ [ 985, 988 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D054556" } ] }, { "id": "33812436_MESH:D051271_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "thrombotic symptoms" ], "offsets": [ [ 1051, 1070 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051271" } ] }, { "id": "33812436_MESH:D054556_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Venous thromboembolism" ], "offsets": [ [ 1084, 1106 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D054556" } ] }, { "id": "33812436_MESH:D054556_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "VTE" ], "offsets": [ [ 1108, 1111 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D054556" } ] }, { "id": "33812436_MESH:D004194_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "multifactorial disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 1118, 1140 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004194" } ] }, { "id": "33812436_MESH:D054556_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "VTE" ], "offsets": [ [ 1332, 1335 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D054556" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20986960_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The effect of tetra-chloro-para-benzoquinone upon human fungus infections; in vitro and in vivo studies with tinea capitis." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 123 ] ] }, { "id": "20986960_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 124, 124 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "20986960_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 50, 55 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "20986960_MESH:D007239_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infections" ], "offsets": [ [ 63, 73 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "20986960_MESH:D014006_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tinea capitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 109, 122 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014006" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "21177685_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Alternative life histories in the Atlantic salmon: genetic covariances within the sneaker sexual tactic in males." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 113 ] ] }, { "id": "21177685_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Alternative reproductive tactics are ubiquitous in many species. Tactic expression often depends on whether an individual's condition surpasses thresholds that are responsible for activating particular developmental pathways. Two central goals in understanding the evolution of reproductive tactics are quantifying the extent to which thresholds are explained by additive genetic effects, and describing their covariation with condition-related traits. We monitored the development of early sexual maturation that leads to the sneaker reproductive tactic in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). We found evidence for additive genetic variance in the timing of sexual maturity (which is a measure of the surpassing of threshold values) and body-size traits. This suggests that selection can affect the patterns of sexual development by changing the timing of this event and/or body size. Significant levels of covariation between these traits also occurred, implying a potential for correlated responses to selection. Closer examination of genetic covariances suggests that the detected genetic variation is distributed along at least five directions of phenotypic variation. Our results show that the potential for evolution of the life-history traits constituting this reproductive phenotype is greatly influenced by their patterns of genetic covariance." ], "offsets": [ [ 114, 1466 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "21177685_8030_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Atlantic salmon" ], "offsets": [ [ 34, 49 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "8030" } ] }, { "id": "21177685_8030_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Atlantic salmon" ], "offsets": [ [ 672, 687 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "8030" } ] }, { "id": "21177685_8030_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Salmo salar" ], "offsets": [ [ 689, 700 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "8030" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "28466898_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Enhanced antibacterial efficacy of nitric oxide releasing thermoplastic polyurethanes with antifouling hydrophilic topcoats." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 124 ] ] }, { "id": "28466898_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Surface fouling is one of the leading causes of infection associated with implants, stents, catheters, and other medical devices. The surface chemistry of medical device coatings is important in controlling and/or preventing fouling. In this study, we have shown that a combination of nitric oxide releasing hydrophobic polymer with a hydrophilic polymer topcoat can significantly reduce protein attachment and subsequently reduce bacterial adhesion as a result of the synergistic effect. Nitric oxide (NO) is a well-known potent antibacterial agent due to its adverse reactions on microbial cell components. Owing to the surface chemistry of hydrophilic polymers, they are suitable as antifouling topcoats. In this study, four biomedical grade polymers were compared for protein adhesion and NO-release behavior: CarboSil 2080A, silicone rubber, SP60D60, and SG80A. SP60D60 was found to resist protein adsorption up to 80% when compared to the other polymers while CarboSil 2080A maintained a steady NO flux even after 24 hours (~0.50 x 10-10 mol cm-2 min-1) of soaking in buffer solution with a loss of less than 3% S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), the NO donor molecule, in the leaching analysis. Therefore, CarboSil 2080A incorporated with SNAP and top-coated with SP60D60 was tested for antibacterial efficacy after exposure to fibrinogen, an abundantly found protein in blood. The NO-releasing CarboSil 2080A with the SP60D60 top-coated polymer showed a 96% reduction in Staphylococcus aureus viable cell count compared to the control samples. Hence, the study demonstrated that a hydrophilic polymer topcoat, when applied to a polymer with sustained NO release from an underlying SNAP incorporated hydrophobic polymer, can reduce bacterial adhesion and be used as a highly efficient antifouling, antibacterial polymer for biomedical applications." ], "offsets": [ [ 125, 1985 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "28466898_MESH:D009569_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nitric oxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 35, 47 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009569" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_MESH:D011140_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polyurethanes" ], "offsets": [ [ 72, 85 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011140" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_MESH:D007239_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 173, 182 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_MESH:D009569_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nitric oxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 410, 422 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009569" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_MESH:D009569_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Nitric oxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 614, 626 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009569" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_MESH:D011108_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polymers" ], "offsets": [ [ 780, 788 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011108" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_MESH:D011108_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polymers" ], "offsets": [ [ 870, 878 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011108" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_-_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CarboSil" ], "offsets": [ [ 939, 947 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_MESH:D012826_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "silicone rubber" ], "offsets": [ [ 955, 970 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012826" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_229215_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "A. SP60" ], "offsets": [ [ 989, 996 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "229215" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_MESH:D011108_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polymers" ], "offsets": [ [ 1076, 1084 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011108" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_-_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CarboSil" ], "offsets": [ [ 1091, 1099 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_MESH:D026423_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1243, 1274 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D026423" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_MESH:D026423_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "SNAP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1276, 1280 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D026423" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_-_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CarboSil" ], "offsets": [ [ 1343, 1351 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_-_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CarboSil" ], "offsets": [ [ 1532, 1540 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_1280_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Staphylococcus aureus" ], "offsets": [ [ 1609, 1630 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1280" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_MESH:D011108_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polymer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1731, 1738 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011108" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_MESH:D011108_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polymer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1766, 1773 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011108" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_MESH:D011108_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polymer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1849, 1856 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011108" } ] }, { "id": "28466898_MESH:D011108_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polymer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1949, 1956 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011108" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "22630607_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The acceptability, feasibility and impact of a lay health counsellor delivered health promoting schools programme in India: a case study evaluation." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 148 ] ] }, { "id": "22630607_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Studies in resource-limited settings have shown that there are constraints to the use of teachers, peers or health professionals to deliver school health promotion interventions. School health programmes delivered by trained lay health counsellors could offer a cost-effective alternative. This paper presents a case study of a multi-component school health promotion intervention in India that was delivered by lay school health counsellors, who possessed neither formal educational nor health provider qualifications. METHODS: The intervention was based on the WHO's Health Promoting Schools framework, and included health screening camps; an anonymous letter box for student questions and complaints; classroom-based life skills training; and, individual psycho-social and academic counselling for students. The intervention was delivered by a lay school health counsellor who had attained a minimum of a high school education. The counsellor was trained over four weeks and received structured supervision from health professionals working for the implementing NGO. The evaluation design was a mixed methods case study. Quantitative process indicators were collected to assess the extent to which the programme was delivered as planned (feasibility), the uptake of services (acceptability), and the number of students who received corrective health treatment (evidence of impact). Semi-structured interviews were conducted over two years with 108 stakeholders, and were analysed to identify barriers and facilitators for the programme (feasibility), evaluate acceptability, and gather evidence of positive or negative effects of the programme. RESULTS: Feasibility was established by the high reported coverage of all the targeted activities by the school health counsellor. Acceptability was indicated by a growing number of submissions to the students' anonymous letter-box; more students self-referring for counselling services over time; and, the perceived need for the programme, as expressed by principals, parents and students. A minority of teachers complained that there was inadequate information sharing about the programme and mentioned reservations about the capacities of the lay health counsellor. Preliminary evidence of the positive effects of the programme included the correction of vision problems detected in health screening camps, and qualitative evidence of changes in health-related knowledge and behaviour of students. CONCLUSION: A task-shifting approach of delegating school health promotion activities to lay school health counsellors rather than education or health professionals shows promise of effectiveness as a scalable model for promoting the health and well being of school based adolescents in resource constrained settings." ], "offsets": [ [ 149, 2927 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "23802613_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Rainbow: a tool for large-scale whole-genome sequencing data analysis using cloud computing." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 92 ] ] }, { "id": "23802613_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Technical improvements have decreased sequencing costs and, as a result, the size and number of genomic datasets have increased rapidly. Because of the lower cost, large amounts of sequence data are now being produced by small to midsize research groups. Crossbow is a software tool that can detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from a single subject; however, Crossbow has a number of limitations when applied to multiple subjects from large-scale WGS projects. The data storage and CPU resources that are required for large-scale whole genome sequencing data analyses are too large for many core facilities and individual laboratories to provide. To help meet these challenges, we have developed Rainbow, a cloud-based software package that can assist in the automation of large-scale WGS data analyses. RESULTS: Here, we evaluated the performance of Rainbow by analyzing 44 different whole-genome-sequenced subjects. Rainbow has the capacity to process genomic data from more than 500 subjects in two weeks using cloud computing provided by the Amazon Web Service. The time includes the import and export of the data using Amazon Import/Export service. The average cost of processing a single sample in the cloud was less than 120 US dollars. Compared with Crossbow, the main improvements incorporated into Rainbow include the ability: (1) to handle BAM as well as FASTQ input files; (2) to split large sequence files for better load balance downstream; (3) to log the running metrics in data processing and monitoring multiple Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) instances; and (4) to merge SOAPsnp outputs for multiple individuals into a single file to facilitate downstream genome-wide association studies. CONCLUSIONS: Rainbow is a scalable, cost-effective, and open-source tool for large-scale WGS data analysis. For human WGS data sequenced by either the Illumina HiSeq 2000 or HiSeq 2500 platforms, Rainbow can be used straight out of the box. Rainbow is available for third-party implementation and use, and can be downloaded from http://s3.amazonaws.com/jnj_rainbow/index.html." ], "offsets": [ [ 93, 2240 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "23802613_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 1976, 1981 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "30749323_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Report of the Onondaga County Medical Society, on \"Mineral Paste.\"" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 66 ] ] }, { "id": "30749323_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 67, 67 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "29756042_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Skeletal Muscle Metrics on Clinical 18F-FDG PET/CT Predict Health Outcomes in Patients with Sarcoma." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 100 ] ] }, { "id": "29756042_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The aim of this study was to determine the association of measures of skeletal muscle determined from 18F-FDG PET/CT with health outcomes in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma. 14 patients (8 women and 6 men; mean age 66.5 years) with sarcoma had PET/CT examinations. On CTs of the abdomen and pelvis, skeletal muscle was segmented, and cross-sectional muscle area, muscle volume, and muscle attenuation were determined. Within the segmented muscle, intramuscular fat area, volume, and density were derived. On PET images, the standardized uptake value (SUV) of muscle was determined. Regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between the imaging measures and health outcomes including overall survival (OS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), distant cancer recurrence (DCR), and major surgical complications (MSC). The association between imaging metrics and pre-therapy levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine, hemoglobin, and albumin was determined. Decreased volumetric muscle CT attenuation was associated with increased DCR. Increased PET SUV of muscle was associated with decreased OS and LRFS. Lower muscle SUV was associated with lower serum hemoglobin and albumin. Muscle measurements obtained on routine 18F-FDG PET/CT are associated with outcomes and serum hemoglobin and albumin in patients with sarcoma." ], "offsets": [ [ 101, 1457 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "29756042_MESH:D019788_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "18F-FDG" ], "offsets": [ [ 36, 43 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019788" } ] }, { "id": "29756042_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 78, 86 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29756042_MESH:D012509_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Sarcoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 92, 99 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012509" } ] }, { "id": "29756042_MESH:D019788_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "18F-FDG" ], "offsets": [ [ 203, 210 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019788" } ] }, { "id": "29756042_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 242, 250 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29756042_MESH:D012509_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sarcoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 268, 275 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012509" } ] }, { "id": "29756042_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 280, 288 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29756042_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 292, 297 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29756042_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "men" ], "offsets": [ [ 304, 307 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29756042_MESH:D012509_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sarcoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 335, 342 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012509" } ] }, { "id": "29756042_MESH:D009369_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 878, 884 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "29756042_1401_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "C-reactive protein" ], "offsets": [ [ 1015, 1033 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1401" } ] }, { "id": "29756042_1401_12", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CRP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1035, 1038 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1401" } ] }, { "id": "29756042_MESH:D003404_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "creatinine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1041, 1051 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003404" } ] }, { "id": "29756042_-_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DCR" ], "offsets": [ [ 1166, 1169 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "29756042_MESH:D019788_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "18F-FDG" ], "offsets": [ [ 1355, 1362 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019788" } ] }, { "id": "29756042_9606_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1435, 1443 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29756042_MESH:D012509_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sarcoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 1449, 1456 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012509" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3938253_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Anti-arrhythmia and electrophysiological effects of encainide in supraventricular tachycardias]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 97 ] ] }, { "id": "3938253_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "In order to assess the electrophysiologic effects and anti-arrhythmia effects of encainide after acute IV injection and chronic oral therapy, a group of 10 patients (mean age 54) with recurrent supraventricular tachycardia was studied. Seven patients had more than 2 attacks per month, and supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) resulted in severe symptoms in the three remaining SVT was due to AV nodal re-entry in 6 patients and to concealed accessory pathway in 4. After a control study, SVT was initiated, and encainide (0.75 mg/kg) was infused intravenously in attempt to stop the tachycardia. A second study was achieved. After 4 days of oral therapy (25 or 50 mg T.I.D.) a third study was performed, including SVT initiation attempts. Encainide depressed conduction in all cardiac tissues, and this effect was more evident after oral administration. Antegrade I:I conduction cycle length increased of 13.9% (p less than 0.05), and the same parameter in retrograde conduction increased of 30.03% (p less than 0.05). IV injection interrupted 2 of 10 SVT only. However, after 30 minutes, 5 re-initiated SVT were nonsustained, and mean cycle length increased from 326 +/- 21 to 397 +/- 51 (p less than 0.01). After oral therapy, SVT was initiated in 4 of 10 patients, nonsustained in 3. During long term follow-up (one year or more), no severe adverse effect has been reported. Three patients are still experiencing short events of well-tolerated SVT. Hence, moderate or low doses or oral encainide may safely control recurrent supraventricular tachycardia." ], "offsets": [ [ 98, 1654 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "3938253_MESH:D001145_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "arrhythmia" ], "offsets": [ [ 6, 16 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001145" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_MESH:D016700_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "encainide" ], "offsets": [ [ 53, 62 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016700" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_MESH:D013617_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "supraventricular tachycardias" ], "offsets": [ [ 66, 95 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013617" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_MESH:D001145_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "arrhythmia" ], "offsets": [ [ 157, 167 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001145" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_MESH:D016700_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "encainide" ], "offsets": [ [ 179, 188 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016700" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 254, 262 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_MESH:D013610_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tachycardia" ], "offsets": [ [ 309, 320 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013610" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 340, 348 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_MESH:D013617_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "supraventricular tachycardia" ], "offsets": [ [ 388, 416 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013617" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_MESH:D013617_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SVT" ], "offsets": [ [ 418, 421 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013617" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_MESH:D013617_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SVT" ], "offsets": [ [ 474, 477 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013617" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 512, 520 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_MESH:D013617_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SVT" ], "offsets": [ [ 585, 588 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013617" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_MESH:D016700_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "encainide" ], "offsets": [ [ 608, 617 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016700" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_MESH:D013610_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tachycardia" ], "offsets": [ [ 680, 691 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013610" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_MESH:D013617_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SVT" ], "offsets": [ [ 811, 814 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013617" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_MESH:D016700_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Encainide" ], "offsets": [ [ 836, 845 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016700" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_MESH:D013617_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SVT" ], "offsets": [ [ 1149, 1152 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013617" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_MESH:D013617_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SVT" ], "offsets": [ [ 1201, 1204 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013617" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_MESH:D013617_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SVT" ], "offsets": [ [ 1326, 1329 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013617" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_9606_20", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1355, 1363 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_9606_21", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1481, 1489 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_MESH:D013617_22", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SVT" ], "offsets": [ [ 1544, 1547 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013617" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_MESH:D016700_23", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "encainide" ], "offsets": [ [ 1586, 1595 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016700" } ] }, { "id": "3938253_MESH:D013610_24", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tachycardia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1642, 1653 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013610" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35979653_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The mechanistic basis of sodium exclusion in Puccinellia tenuiflora under conditions of soil salinity and potassium deprivation." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 128 ] ] }, { "id": "35979653_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Soil salinity is a significant threat to global agriculture. Understanding salt-exclusion mechanisms in halophyte species may be instrumental in improving salt tolerance in crops. Puccinellia tenuiflora is a typical salt-excluding halophytic grass often found in potassium-deprived saline soils. Our previous work showed P. tenuiflora possesses stronger selectivity for K+ over Na+ ; however, the mechanistic basis of this process remained elusive. Here, P. tenuiflora PutHKT1;5 was cloned and the functions of PutHKT1;5 and PutSOS1 were characterized using heterologous expression systems. Yeast assays showed PutHKT1;5 possessed Na+ transporting capacity and was highly selective for Na+ over K+ . PutSOS1 was located at the plasma membrane and operated as Na+ /K+ exchanger, with much stronger Na+ extrusion capacity than its homolog from Arabidopsis. PutHKT2;1 mediated high-affinity K+ and Na+ uptake and its expression levels were up-regulated by mild salinity and K+ deprivation. Salinity-induced changes of root PutHKT1;5 and PutHKT1;4 transcript levels matched the expression pattern of root PutSOS1 that was consistent with root Na+ efflux. The transcript levels of root PutHKT2;1 and PutAKT1 were down-regulated by salinity. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that the functional activity of PutHKT1;5 and PutSOS1 in P. tenuiflora roots is fine-tuned under saline conditions as well as by operation of other ion-transporters (PutHKT1;4, PutHKT2:1 and PutAKT1). This leads to the coordination of radial Na+ and K+ transport processes, their loading to the xylem, or Na+ retrieval and extrusion under conditions of mild salinity and / or K+ deprivation." ], "offsets": [ [ 129, 1799 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "35979653_MESH:D012964_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sodium" ], "offsets": [ [ 25, 31 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012964" } ] }, { "id": "35979653_240906_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Puccinellia tenuiflora" ], "offsets": [ [ 45, 67 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "240906" } ] }, { "id": "35979653_MESH:D011188_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "potassium" ], "offsets": [ [ 106, 115 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011188" } ] }, { "id": "35979653_MESH:D012492_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "salt" ], "offsets": [ [ 204, 208 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012492" } ] }, { "id": "35979653_MESH:D012492_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "salt" ], "offsets": [ [ 284, 288 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012492" } ] }, { "id": "35979653_240906_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Puccinellia tenuiflora" ], "offsets": [ [ 309, 331 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "240906" } ] }, { "id": "35979653_MESH:D012492_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "salt" ], "offsets": [ [ 345, 349 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012492" } ] }, { "id": "35979653_MESH:D011188_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "potassium" ], "offsets": [ [ 392, 401 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011188" } ] }, { "id": "35979653_240906_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "P. tenuiflora" ], "offsets": [ [ 450, 463 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "240906" } ] }, { "id": "35979653_240906_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "P. tenuiflora" ], "offsets": [ [ 584, 597 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "240906" } ] }, { "id": "35979653_4932_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Yeast" ], "offsets": [ [ 720, 725 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4932" } ] }, { "id": "35979653_3702_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Arabidopsis" ], "offsets": [ [ 971, 982 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3702" } ] }, { "id": "35979653_817206_12", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PutAKT1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1324, 1331 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "817206" } ] }, { "id": "35979653_240906_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "P. tenuiflora" ], "offsets": [ [ 1465, 1478 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "240906" } ] }, { "id": "35979653_MESH:D012965_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "saline" ], "offsets": [ [ 1505, 1511 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012965" } ] }, { "id": "35979653_817206_15", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PutAKT1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1599, 1606 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "817206" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "17127541_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Behavior therapy for depression in drug dependence (BTDD): results of a stage Ia therapy development pilot." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 107 ] ] }, { "id": "17127541_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Limited access to positive reinforcers is a central feature in behavioral formulations of substance use and depression, and evidence suggests both disorders share similar environmental contexts. The Behavioral Therapy for Depression in Drug Dependence (BTDD) was developed to target the density of potential reinforcers in a patient's environment to reduce both depression and illicit substance use using therapeutic techniques from three operant based treatment programs, Community Reinforcement Approach, Changing Reinforcement Events, and Treatment-plan Contingency Management. Results of an uncontrolled Stage Ia trial (n = 29), indicated 48% of the participants demonstrated at least a 50% reduction in baseline depression scores during the 16-session treatment program. Those designated as treatment responders completed more out-of-session behavioral activities, attended more treatment sessions, and demonstrated less benzodiazepine use during the program than non-responders. There were no changes in opiate and cocaine use. BTDD may be a useful adjunct to methadone maintenance for treating comorbid depressive disorders." ], "offsets": [ [ 108, 1239 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "17127541_MESH:D000275_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 21, 31 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "17127541_MESH:D019966_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "drug dependence" ], "offsets": [ [ 35, 50 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019966" } ] }, { "id": "17127541_MESH:D000275_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 216, 226 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "17127541_MESH:D000275_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 330, 340 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "17127541_MESH:D019966_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Drug Dependence" ], "offsets": [ [ 344, 359 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019966" } ] }, { "id": "17127541_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 433, 440 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "17127541_MESH:D000275_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 470, 480 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "17127541_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "participants" ], "offsets": [ [ 762, 774 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "17127541_MESH:D000275_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 825, 835 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "17127541_MESH:D001569_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "benzodiazepine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1034, 1048 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001569" } ] }, { "id": "17127541_MESH:D003042_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cocaine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1129, 1136 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003042" } ] }, { "id": "17127541_-_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "BTDD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1142, 1146 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "17127541_MESH:D008691_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "methadone" ], "offsets": [ [ 1174, 1183 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008691" } ] }, { "id": "17127541_MESH:D000275_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depressive disorders" ], "offsets": [ [ 1218, 1238 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9051190_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Prognostic value from DNA quantification by static cytometry in breast cancer." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 78 ] ] }, { "id": "9051190_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: To determine if DNA quantification on fine needle aspiration (FNA) has predictive value in breast cancer. STUDY DESIGN: Forty-nine patients with breast cancer were selected for this study because of their common characteristics. The smears were studied using image cytometry. RESULTS: With the type of histogram and value of entropy, two large groups, with high and low degrees of malignancy, were obtained. Survival was utilized as a variable of interest. Kaplan-Meier survival curves for both groups were formulated, and the results were supported with statistical data. CONCLUSION: The survival differences between both groups were statistically significant (P < .001), thus demonstrating the predictive value of DNA quantification." ], "offsets": [ [ 79, 825 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "9051190_MESH:D001943_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 64, 77 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "9051190_MESH:D001943_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 181, 194 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "9051190_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 221, 229 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9051190_MESH:D001943_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 235, 248 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "9051190_MESH:D009369_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignancy" ], "offsets": [ [ 471, 481 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "10480779_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Muscle fiber characteristics in postmenopausal women with normal or impaired glucose tolerance." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 95 ] ] }, { "id": "10480779_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: Muscle fiber characteristics are altered in type 2 diabetes. We studied whether these alterations also exist in impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and whether they are determinants of insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in postmenopausal women. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Percutaneous muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis muscle were obtained from 77 postmenopausal women aged 57-59 years: 50 women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and 27 with IGT. The IGT group had a reduced insulin sensitivity compared with the NGT group (euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp) (P = 0.003). RESULTS: The groups did not differ in muscle fiber composition, as judged by the percentage of type I, IIa, or IIx fibers. In contrast, the IGT group had increased size of the IIa (mean +/-SD 3,776+/-987 vs. 3,078+/-862 microm2, P = 0.002) and IIx fibers (2,730+/-1,037 vs. 2,253+/-672 microm2, P = 0.017). There was a trend for the capillary diffusion areas (the muscle area supplied by each capillary) to be larger in the IGT group for the IIa (1,132+/-286 vs. 1,013+/-240 microm2, P = 0.061) and IIx fibers (1,020+/-246 vs. 906+/-240 microm2, P = 0.058). In the entire group, insulin sensitivity correlated with the size of the type IIa fibers (r = -0.28, P = 0.013), but not with the percentages of muscle fiber types. In a multiple regression, insulin sensitivity was determined by body fat content and HDL cholesterol level, while the size of the IIa fibers was not included in the model. Glucose tolerance was independently predicted by the number of capillaries/type I fiber, as well as by insulin sensitivity and triglyceride levels. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that although muscle fiber composition is not altered, women with IGT have larger type IIa and IIx muscle fibers and a trend for increased capillary diffusion areas for these fibers, compared with women with NGT. In the entire group, insulin sensitivity was determined mainly by body fat content, while muscle fiber capillarization may be of importance for glucose tolerance." ], "offsets": [ [ 96, 2138 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "10480779_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 47, 52 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_MESH:D018149_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "impaired glucose tolerance" ], "offsets": [ [ 68, 94 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018149" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_MESH:D003920_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetes" ], "offsets": [ [ 158, 166 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_MESH:D018149_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "impaired glucose tolerance" ], "offsets": [ [ 219, 245 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018149" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_MESH:D018149_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "IGT" ], "offsets": [ [ 247, 250 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018149" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_3630_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 289, 296 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_MESH:D005947_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 313, 320 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 349, 354 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 484, 489 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 511, 516 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_MESH:D005947_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 529, 536 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_MESH:D018149_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "IGT" ], "offsets": [ [ 565, 568 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018149" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_MESH:D018149_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "IGT" ], "offsets": [ [ 574, 577 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018149" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_3630_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 598, 605 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_MESH:D044903_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp" ], "offsets": [ [ 647, 680 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D044903" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_MESH:D018149_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "IGT" ], "offsets": [ [ 835, 838 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018149" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_MESH:D018149_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "IGT" ], "offsets": [ [ 1119, 1122 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018149" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_3630_17", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1274, 1281 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_3630_18", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1444, 1451 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_MESH:D002784_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1507, 1518 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_MESH:D018149_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Glucose tolerance" ], "offsets": [ [ 1590, 1607 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018149" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_3630_21", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1693, 1700 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_MESH:D014280_22", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "triglyceride" ], "offsets": [ [ 1717, 1729 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014280" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_9606_23", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1818, 1823 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_MESH:D018149_24", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "IGT" ], "offsets": [ [ 1829, 1832 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018149" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_9606_25", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1960, 1965 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_3630_26", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1997, 2004 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "10480779_MESH:D005947_27", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 2120, 2127 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20341769_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Thyroid and cold sensitivity." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 29 ] ] }, { "id": "20341769_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 30, 30 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6402138_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "General practice in 2000. Two-tier system of primary care." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 58 ] ] }, { "id": "6402138_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 59, 59 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "30467406_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Author Correction: Magnetic Resonance Imaging for tracking cellular patterns obtained by Laser-Assisted Bioprinting." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 116 ] ] }, { "id": "30467406_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper." ], "offsets": [ [ 117, 263 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3415516_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[The importance of pathomorphological research on the afterbirth in perinatology]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 82 ] ] }, { "id": "3415516_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The author dwells on placental characteristics typical for some perinatal disturbances. Ultrasonic investigation in antigen incompatibility of maternal and fetal blood yields the snowdrift picture, in maternal hypertension ultrasonic placental appearance is cellular, microscopically plasma-saturated, affected by fibrinoid necrosis, hyalinosis, and hypertrophic in arterial muscular coat. Electron microscopically, there are significant changes in a villous chorion. Late gestosis involved marked destructive changes in subsyncytial and subendothelial basilar membranes. The above placental characteristics can provide explanation for functional perinatal cardiac insufficiency. Placental evaluation is presented for maternal diabetes mellitus and macrosomia. There is also evidence for a relationship between disintegration of the maternal regulatory system and predisposition to neonatal atherosclerosis." ], "offsets": [ [ 83, 990 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "3415516_MESH:D006973_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertension" ], "offsets": [ [ 293, 305 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "3415516_MESH:D038261_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fibrinoid necrosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 397, 415 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D038261" } ] }, { "id": "3415516_MESH:D057770_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hyalinosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 417, 427 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D057770" } ] }, { "id": "3415516_MESH:D006984_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertrophic" ], "offsets": [ [ 433, 445 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006984" } ] }, { "id": "3415516_MESH:D006331_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cardiac insufficiency" ], "offsets": [ [ 740, 761 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006331" } ] }, { "id": "3415516_MESH:D003920_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "maternal diabetes mellitus" ], "offsets": [ [ 801, 827 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "3415516_MESH:D005320_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "macrosomia" ], "offsets": [ [ 832, 842 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005320" } ] }, { "id": "3415516_MESH:D050197_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "neonatal atherosclerosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 965, 989 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D050197" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31693477_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "In Memoriam: Jay Stephen Keystone (1943-2019)." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 46 ] ] }, { "id": "31693477_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 47, 47 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "12590242_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Candesartan cilexetil-induced severe hepatotoxicity." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 52 ] ] }, { "id": "12590242_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "We report a case of severe hepatotoxicity associated with ductopenia in a 61-year-old woman. The patient developed jaundice, vomiting, and abdominal pain a few weeks after the beginning of treatment with candesartan cilexetil, 16 mg/d, for essential hypertension. Liver biopsy showed parenchymal bilirubinostasis with portal cholangitis and ductopenia. The drug was immediately withdrawn, and in the following weeks, aminotransferases and serum bilirubin returned to normal levels. The clinical-histologic data and the exclusion of known causes of liver disease led us to make a diagnosis of drug-induced cholestasis. To our knowledge, this is the first description of severe hepatotoxicity associated with ductopenia caused by an adverse reaction to candesartan cilexetil." ], "offsets": [ [ 53, 826 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "12590242_MESH:C077793_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Candesartan cilexetil" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 21 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C077793" } ] }, { "id": "12590242_MESH:D056486_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hepatotoxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 37, 51 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056486" } ] }, { "id": "12590242_MESH:D056486_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hepatotoxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 80, 94 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056486" } ] }, { "id": "12590242_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "woman" ], "offsets": [ [ 139, 144 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "12590242_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 150, 157 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "12590242_MESH:D007565_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "jaundice" ], "offsets": [ [ 168, 176 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007565" } ] }, { "id": "12590242_MESH:D014839_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "vomiting" ], "offsets": [ [ 178, 186 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014839" } ] }, { "id": "12590242_MESH:D015746_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "abdominal pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 192, 206 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015746" } ] }, { "id": "12590242_MESH:C077793_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "candesartan cilexetil" ], "offsets": [ [ 257, 278 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C077793" } ] }, { "id": "12590242_MESH:D006973_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertension" ], "offsets": [ [ 303, 315 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "12590242_MESH:D002543_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "parenchymal bilirubinostasis" ], "offsets": [ [ 337, 365 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002543" } ] }, { "id": "12590242_MESH:D002761_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cholangitis and ductopenia" ], "offsets": [ [ 378, 404 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002761" } ] }, { "id": "12590242_MESH:D001663_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "bilirubin" ], "offsets": [ [ 498, 507 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001663" } ] }, { "id": "12590242_MESH:D008107_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 601, 614 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008107" } ] }, { "id": "12590242_MESH:D002779_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cholestasis" ], "offsets": [ [ 658, 669 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002779" } ] }, { "id": "12590242_MESH:D056486_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hepatotoxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 729, 743 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056486" } ] }, { "id": "12590242_MESH:C077793_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "candesartan cilexetil" ], "offsets": [ [ 804, 825 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C077793" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "30038513_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A novel dermo-cosmetic product containing thermal spring water, sucralfate, copper sulfate, and zinc sulfate in the management of hand eczema." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 142 ] ] }, { "id": "30038513_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Background: The regular use of cosmetic products plays a role in the management of hand eczema (HE) and aids in improving barrier function reducing dryness, roughness, pruritus and improving quality of life (QoL). The aim of this open-label study was to assess the efficacy and the reparative effect of a dermo-cosmetic product on subjects suffering from HE after 7 and 21 days of daily application. Methods: The product was a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion containing the active ingredients Avene thermal spring water, sucralfate, and copper and zinc sulfates. In total, 32 subjects suffering from either contact dermatitis or climatic dermatitis participated in the trial. The modified total lesion symptom score and physician global assessment scores were used to describe the severity of HE. The safety of the product was assessed through clinical scoring. The subjective tolerance, and acceptance, were documented using a self-assessment questionnaire completed by the subjects. The impact of the dermatosis on QoL was evaluated using the Dermatology Life Quality Index. Results: After 7 days of application, both the physician and subjects noticed a significant improvement in HE. The formula was very well tolerated and accepted. These benefits were correlated with a significant improvement in QoL. Conclusion: The W/O emulsion used in this study demonstrated real benefits for the subjects suffering from contact dermatitis and climatic dermatitis." ], "offsets": [ [ 143, 1597 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "30038513_MESH:D014867_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 57, 62 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "30038513_MESH:D013392_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sucralfate" ], "offsets": [ [ 64, 74 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013392" } ] }, { "id": "30038513_MESH:D019327_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "copper sulfate" ], "offsets": [ [ 76, 90 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019327" } ] }, { "id": "30038513_MESH:D019287_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "zinc sulfate" ], "offsets": [ [ 96, 108 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019287" } ] }, { "id": "30038513_MESH:D004485_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "eczema" ], "offsets": [ [ 135, 141 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004485" } ] }, { "id": "30038513_MESH:D004485_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "eczema" ], "offsets": [ [ 231, 237 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004485" } ] }, { "id": "30038513_MESH:D014987_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dryness" ], "offsets": [ [ 291, 298 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014987" } ] }, { "id": "30038513_MESH:D011537_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pruritus" ], "offsets": [ [ 311, 319 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011537" } ] }, { "id": "30038513_MESH:D014867_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 570, 575 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "30038513_MESH:D009821_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oil" ], "offsets": [ [ 579, 582 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009821" } ] }, { "id": "30038513_-_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Avene" ], "offsets": [ [ 632, 637 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "30038513_MESH:D014867_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 653, 658 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "30038513_MESH:D013392_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sucralfate" ], "offsets": [ [ 660, 670 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013392" } ] }, { "id": "30038513_MESH:D003300_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "copper" ], "offsets": [ [ 676, 682 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003300" } ] }, { "id": "30038513_MESH:D019287_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "zinc sulfates" ], "offsets": [ [ 687, 700 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019287" } ] }, { "id": "30038513_MESH:D003872_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dermatitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 754, 764 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003872" } ] }, { "id": "30038513_MESH:D003872_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dermatitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 777, 787 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003872" } ] }, { "id": "30038513_MESH:D012871_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dermatosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1142, 1152 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012871" } ] }, { "id": "30038513_MESH:D003872_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dermatitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1562, 1572 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003872" } ] }, { "id": "30038513_MESH:D003872_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dermatitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1586, 1596 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003872" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "13229259_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Right hepatolobectomy for primary mesenchymoma of the liver." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 60 ] ] }, { "id": "13229259_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 61, 61 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "5823838_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Some respiratory properties of sheep hemoglobins A, B, and C." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 61 ] ] }, { "id": "5823838_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 62, 62 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "24643925_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Hepatic encephalopathy in the course of alcoholic liver disease--treatment options in the intensive care unit." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 110 ] ] }, { "id": "24643925_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Hepatic encephalopathy occurs as a complication of alcoholic liver disease may require methods of dialysis available in intensive care units. There is described the case of a 27-year-old patient with jaundice and hepatic encephalopathy with long history of alcohol dependence and substance abuse. The patient was successfully treated using liver dialysis method (Prometheus system). Basing on this case it is possible to conclude that use of dialysis liver with Prometheus may be beneficial in patients with severe course of alcoholic liver disease." ], "offsets": [ [ 111, 662 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "24643925_MESH:D006501_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Hepatic encephalopathy" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 22 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006501" } ] }, { "id": "24643925_MESH:D008108_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "alcoholic liver disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 40, 63 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008108" } ] }, { "id": "24643925_MESH:D006501_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Hepatic encephalopathy" ], "offsets": [ [ 111, 133 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006501" } ] }, { "id": "24643925_MESH:D008108_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "alcoholic liver disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 162, 185 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008108" } ] }, { "id": "24643925_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 298, 305 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "24643925_MESH:D007565_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "jaundice" ], "offsets": [ [ 311, 319 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007565" } ] }, { "id": "24643925_MESH:D006501_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hepatic encephalopathy" ], "offsets": [ [ 324, 346 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006501" } ] }, { "id": "24643925_MESH:D000437_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "alcohol dependence" ], "offsets": [ [ 368, 386 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000437" } ] }, { "id": "24643925_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 412, 419 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "24643925_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 607, 615 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "24643925_MESH:D008108_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "alcoholic liver disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 638, 661 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008108" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "23355876_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Constitutively active CCR5 chemokine receptors differ in mediating HIV envelope-dependent fusion." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 97 ] ] }, { "id": "23355876_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The CCR5 chemokine receptor is a rhodopsin-like G protein-coupled receptor that mediates the effects of pro-inflammatory beta-chemokines. CCR5 is also the major co-receptor for entry of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) into human cells. G protein-coupled receptors exist in ensembles of active and inactive conformations. Active receptor conformations can be stabilized by mutations. Although binding of the HIV envelope protein to CCR5 stimulates cellular signaling, the CCR5 conformation that induces fusion of the viral membrane with cellular membranes is not known. We mutated conserved amino acids to generate constitutively active CCR5 receptors, which are stabilized in active conformations, and tested the ability of constitutively active CCR5 receptors to mediate HIV envelope-directed membrane fusion. Mutation of the Asp3 49(125) and Arg6 32(225) residues of CCR5 did not cause constitutive activity, but Lys or Pro substitutions for Thr2 56(82), in the TxP motif, caused high basal inositol phosphate signaling. Signaling did not increase in response to MIP-1beta, suggesting that the Thr2 56(82) mutants were fully stabilized in active conformations. The Thr2 56(82)Lys mutation severely decreased cell surface CCR5 expression. Combining the Thr2 56(82)Lys mutation with an Arg6 32(225)Gln mutation partially reversed the decrease in expression. Mutants with Thr2 56(82)Lys substitutions were poor mediators of HIV envelope-directed membrane fusion, but mutants with the Thr2 65(82)Pro substitution exhibited full co-receptor function. Our results suggest that the Thr2 65(82)Lys and Thr2 65(82)Pro mutations stabilize distinct constitutively active CCR5 conformations. Lys in position 2.65(82) stabilizes activated receptor conformations that appear to be constitutively internalized and do not induce envelope-dependent membrane fusion, whereas Pro stabilizes activated conformations that are not constitutively internalized and fully mediate envelope-directed membrane fusion." ], "offsets": [ [ 98, 2092 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "23355876_12721_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "HIV" ], "offsets": [ [ 67, 70 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "12721" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_6010_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "rhodopsin" ], "offsets": [ [ 131, 140 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6010" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_1234_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CCR5" ], "offsets": [ [ 236, 240 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1234" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_12721_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human immunodeficiency virus" ], "offsets": [ [ 284, 312 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "12721" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_12721_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "HIV" ], "offsets": [ [ 314, 317 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "12721" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 324, 329 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_12721_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "HIV" ], "offsets": [ [ 508, 511 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "12721" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_1234_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CCR5" ], "offsets": [ [ 532, 536 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1234" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_1234_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CCR5" ], "offsets": [ [ 572, 576 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1234" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_1234_9", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CCR5" ], "offsets": [ [ 737, 741 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1234" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_1234_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CCR5" ], "offsets": [ [ 847, 851 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1234" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_12721_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "HIV" ], "offsets": [ [ 873, 876 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "12721" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_-_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Asp3" ], "offsets": [ [ 928, 932 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_-_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Arg6" ], "offsets": [ [ 945, 949 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_1234_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CCR5" ], "offsets": [ [ 970, 974 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1234" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_tmVar:p|SUB|T|2|K,P;HGVS:p.T2K,P;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:1234_15", "type": "ProteinMutation", "text": [ "Lys or Pro substitutions for Thr2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1016, 1049 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:p|SUB|T|2|K,P;HGVS:p.T2K,P;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:1234" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_-_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "TxP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1065, 1068 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_MESH:D007295_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "inositol phosphate" ], "offsets": [ [ 1094, 1112 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007295" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_6348_18", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "MIP-1beta" ], "offsets": [ [ 1166, 1175 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6348" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_-_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Thr2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1197, 1201 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_-_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Thr2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1268, 1272 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_MESH:D008239_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Lys" ], "offsets": [ [ 1279, 1282 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008239" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_1234_22", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CCR5" ], "offsets": [ [ 1324, 1328 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1234" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_-_23", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Thr2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1355, 1359 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_MESH:D008239_24", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Lys" ], "offsets": [ [ 1366, 1369 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008239" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_-_25", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Arg6" ], "offsets": [ [ 1387, 1391 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_MESH:D005973_26", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Gln" ], "offsets": [ [ 1399, 1402 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005973" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_-_27", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Thr2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1472, 1476 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_MESH:D008239_28", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Lys" ], "offsets": [ [ 1483, 1486 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008239" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_12721_29", "type": "Species", "text": [ "HIV" ], "offsets": [ [ 1524, 1527 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "12721" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_-_30", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Thr2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1584, 1588 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_-_31", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Thr2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1678, 1682 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_MESH:D008239_32", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Lys" ], "offsets": [ [ 1689, 1692 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008239" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_-_33", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Thr2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1697, 1701 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_1234_34", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CCR5" ], "offsets": [ [ 1763, 1767 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1234" } ] }, { "id": "23355876_tmVar:p|Allele|K|2;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:1234_35", "type": "ProteinMutation", "text": [ "Lys in position 2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1783, 1800 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:p|Allele|K|2;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:1234" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7814965_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Molecular biology and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 62 ] ] }, { "id": "7814965_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 63, 63 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "7814965_MESH:D006528_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hepatocellular carcinoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 36, 60 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006528" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "2563742_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The effect of azelastine on neutrophil and eosinophil generation of superoxide." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 79 ] ] }, { "id": "2563742_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Azelastine is a new investigational drug used to treat rhinitis and asthma. In addition to described actions that include inhibition of immunologic release of histamine from mast cells and basophils, blockade of smooth muscle contraction to various spasmogenic mediators, and relaxation of airway smooth muscle, azelastine has been ascribed anti-inflammatory properties. To understand further the mechanisms by which azelastine may regulate inflammation, its effect on neutrophil and eosinophil superoxide (O2-) generation was evaluated. Purified suspension of neutrophils (greater than 95% pure) and eosinophils (greater than 85% pure) were isolated from human peripheral blood samples by continuous density gradients of Percoll. The isolated granulocyte suspensions (1 x 10(5) cells) were added to 96-well microtiter plates in the presence of cytochrome c, activated by either N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, phorbol myristate acetate, calcium ionophore A23187, or opsonized zymosan particles; O2- generation was measured by the reduction of cytochrome c. We found that azelastine significantly inhibited both neutrophil and eosinophil generation of O2- in a dose-dependent fashion (10(-7) to 10(-5) mol/L) with each activator except zymosan. Furthermore, the degree to which azelastine suppressed O2- was similar in neutrophils and eosinophils. Thus, azelastine, in concentrations achieved therapeutically, inhibited granulocyte generation of O2-. This anti-inflammatory effect may also be beneficial in the treatment of asthma." ], "offsets": [ [ 80, 1620 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "2563742_MESH:C020976_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "azelastine" ], "offsets": [ [ 14, 24 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C020976" } ] }, { "id": "2563742_MESH:D013481_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "superoxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 68, 78 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013481" } ] }, { "id": "2563742_MESH:C020976_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Azelastine" ], "offsets": [ [ 80, 90 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C020976" } ] }, { "id": "2563742_MESH:D012220_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "rhinitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 135, 143 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012220" } ] }, { "id": "2563742_MESH:D001249_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "asthma" ], "offsets": [ [ 148, 154 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001249" } ] }, { "id": "2563742_MESH:D006632_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "histamine" ], "offsets": [ [ 239, 248 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006632" } ] }, { "id": "2563742_CVCL_M374;NCBITaxID:9606_6", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "mast" ], "offsets": [ [ 254, 258 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL_M374;NCBITaxID:9606" } ] }, { "id": "2563742_MESH:C020976_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "azelastine" ], "offsets": [ [ 392, 402 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C020976" } ] }, { "id": "2563742_MESH:C020976_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "azelastine" ], "offsets": [ [ 497, 507 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C020976" } ] }, { "id": "2563742_MESH:D007249_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "inflammation" ], "offsets": [ [ 521, 533 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007249" } ] }, { "id": "2563742_MESH:D013481_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "superoxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 575, 585 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013481" } ] }, { "id": "2563742_MESH:D010100_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "O2-" ], "offsets": [ [ 587, 590 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "2563742_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 736, 741 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "2563742_54205_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "cytochrome c" ], "offsets": [ [ 925, 937 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "54205" } ] }, { "id": "2563742_54205_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "cytochrome c" ], "offsets": [ [ 1133, 1145 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "54205" } ] }, { "id": "2563742_MESH:C020976_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "azelastine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1367, 1377 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C020976" } ] }, { "id": "2563742_MESH:D010100_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "O2-" ], "offsets": [ [ 1389, 1392 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "2563742_MESH:C020976_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "azelastine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1443, 1453 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C020976" } ] }, { "id": "2563742_MESH:D010100_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "O2-" ], "offsets": [ [ 1535, 1538 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "2563742_MESH:D001249_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "asthma" ], "offsets": [ [ 1613, 1619 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001249" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "22202041_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Which role for EGFR therapy in breast cancer?" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 45 ] ] }, { "id": "22202041_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "EGFR and HER2 are highly expressed in 15-30% of breast cancer tissues. Therefore, EGFR and its downstream signaling pathways are promising anti-tumour targets. HER2 overexpression is often associated with estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) negativity, high histological grade, high rates of cell proliferation and lymph node involvement. Moreover, it is correlated with disease aggressiveness, increased rates of recurrence and poorer survival in node-positive breast cancer patients, whereas the prognostic significance in patients with node-negative tumors remains somewhat controversial. This paper focuses on the therapeutic strategy for treatment of HER2 overexpressing breast cancer in advanced stages of disease, as well as in the adjuvant and neo-adjuvant settings." ], "offsets": [ [ 46, 838 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "22202041_1956_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "EGFR" ], "offsets": [ [ 15, 19 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1956" } ] }, { "id": "22202041_MESH:D001943_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 31, 44 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "22202041_1956_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "EGFR" ], "offsets": [ [ 46, 50 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1956" } ] }, { "id": "22202041_2064_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "HER2" ], "offsets": [ [ 55, 59 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2064" } ] }, { "id": "22202041_MESH:D001943_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 94, 107 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "22202041_1956_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "EGFR" ], "offsets": [ [ 128, 132 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1956" } ] }, { "id": "22202041_MESH:D009369_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumour" ], "offsets": [ [ 190, 196 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "22202041_2064_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "HER2" ], "offsets": [ [ 206, 210 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2064" } ] }, { "id": "22202041_2099_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "estrogen receptor" ], "offsets": [ [ 251, 268 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2099" } ] }, { "id": "22202041_2099_9", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "ER" ], "offsets": [ [ 270, 272 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2099" } ] }, { "id": "22202041_5241_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "progesterone receptor" ], "offsets": [ [ 278, 299 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "5241" } ] }, { "id": "22202041_5241_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PR" ], "offsets": [ [ 301, 303 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "5241" } ] }, { "id": "22202041_MESH:D001523_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "aggressiveness" ], "offsets": [ [ 443, 457 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001523" } ] }, { "id": "22202041_MESH:D009369_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 533, 539 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "22202041_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 540, 548 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22202041_9606_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 589, 597 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22202041_MESH:D009369_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 617, 623 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "22202041_2064_17", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "HER2" ], "offsets": [ [ 720, 724 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2064" } ] }, { "id": "22202041_MESH:D001943_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 740, 753 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "29416784_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Differential expression profile of CXCR3 splicing variants is associated with thyroid neoplasia. Potential role in papillary thyroid carcinoma oncogenesis?" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 155 ] ] }, { "id": "29416784_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most prevalent endocrine neoplasia. The increased incidence of PTC in patients with thyroiditis and the frequent immune infiltrate found in PTC suggest that inflammation might be a risk factor for PTC development. The CXCR3-ligand system is involved in thyroid inflammation and CXCR3 has been found upregulated in many tumors, suggesting its pro-tumorigenic role under the inflammatory microenvironment. CXCR3 ligands (CXCL4, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11) trigger antagonistic responses partly due to the presence of two splice variants, CXCR3A and CXCR3B. Whereas CXCR3A promotes cell proliferation, CXCR3B induces apoptosis. However, the relation between CXCR3 variant expression with chronic inflammation and PTC development remains unknown. Here, we characterized the expression pattern of CXCR3 variants and their ligands in benign tumors and PTC. We found that CXCR3A and CXCL10 mRNA levels were increased in non-metastatic PTC when compared to non-neoplastic tissue. This increment was also observed in a PTC epithelial cell line (TPC-1). Although elevated protein levels of both isoforms were detected in benign and malignant tumors, the CXCR3A expression remained greater than CXCR3B and promoted proliferation in Nthy-ori-3-1 cells. In non-metastatic PTC, inflammation was conditioning for the CXCR3 ligands increased availability. Consistently, CXCL10 was strongly induced by interferon gamma in normal and tumor thyrocytes. Our results suggest that persistent inflammation upregulates CXCL10 expression favoring tumor development via enhanced CXCR3A-CXCL10 signaling. These findings may help to further understand the contribution of inflammation as a risk factor in PTC development and set the basis for potential therapeutic studies." ], "offsets": [ [ 156, 1937 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "29416784_2833_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CXCR3" ], "offsets": [ [ 35, 40 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2833" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D009369_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "thyroid neoplasia" ], "offsets": [ [ 78, 95 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D000077273_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "papillary thyroid carcinoma oncogenesis" ], "offsets": [ [ 115, 154 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077273" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D000077273_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Papillary thyroid cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 156, 180 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077273" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D000077273_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PTC" ], "offsets": [ [ 182, 185 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077273" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D009377_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "endocrine neoplasia" ], "offsets": [ [ 209, 228 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009377" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D000077273_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PTC" ], "offsets": [ [ 257, 260 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077273" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 264, 272 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D013959_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "thyroiditis" ], "offsets": [ [ 278, 289 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013959" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D000077273_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PTC" ], "offsets": [ [ 334, 337 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077273" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D007249_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "inflammation" ], "offsets": [ [ 351, 363 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007249" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D000077273_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PTC" ], "offsets": [ [ 391, 394 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077273" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_2833_12", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CXCR3" ], "offsets": [ [ 412, 417 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2833" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D007249_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "thyroid inflammation" ], "offsets": [ [ 447, 467 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007249" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_2833_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CXCR3" ], "offsets": [ [ 472, 477 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2833" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D009369_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 513, 519 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_2833_16", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CXCR3" ], "offsets": [ [ 598, 603 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2833" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_5196_17", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CXCL4" ], "offsets": [ [ 613, 618 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "5196" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_4283_18", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CXCL9" ], "offsets": [ [ 620, 625 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "4283" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_3627_19", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CXCL10" ], "offsets": [ [ 627, 633 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3627" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_6373_20", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CXCL11" ], "offsets": [ [ 638, 644 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6373" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_2833_21", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CXCR3" ], "offsets": [ [ 847, 852 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2833" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D007249_22", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "inflammation" ], "offsets": [ [ 885, 897 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007249" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D000077273_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PTC" ], "offsets": [ [ 902, 905 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077273" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_2833_24", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CXCR3" ], "offsets": [ [ 984, 989 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2833" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D009369_25", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "benign tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 1020, 1033 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D000077273_26", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PTC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1038, 1041 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077273" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_3627_27", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CXCL10" ], "offsets": [ [ 1068, 1074 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3627" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D000077273_28", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PTC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1120, 1123 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077273" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D000077273_29", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PTC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1202, 1205 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077273" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_53373_30", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "TPC-1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1228, 1233 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "53373" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D009369_31", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignant tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 1314, 1330 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_CVCL_2659;NCBITaxID:9606_32", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "Nthy-ori-3-1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1413, 1425 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL_2659;NCBITaxID:9606" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D000077273_33", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PTC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1451, 1454 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077273" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D007249_34", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "inflammation" ], "offsets": [ [ 1456, 1468 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007249" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_2833_35", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CXCR3" ], "offsets": [ [ 1494, 1499 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2833" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_3627_36", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CXCL10" ], "offsets": [ [ 1546, 1552 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3627" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_3458_37", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "interferon gamma" ], "offsets": [ [ 1577, 1593 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3458" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D009369_38", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 1608, 1613 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D007249_39", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "inflammation" ], "offsets": [ [ 1662, 1674 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007249" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_3627_40", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CXCL10" ], "offsets": [ [ 1687, 1693 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3627" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D009369_41", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 1714, 1719 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_3627_42", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CXCL10" ], "offsets": [ [ 1752, 1758 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3627" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D007249_43", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "inflammation" ], "offsets": [ [ 1836, 1848 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007249" } ] }, { "id": "29416784_MESH:D000077273_44", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PTC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1869, 1872 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077273" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "10628064_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Auditing stress." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 16 ] ] }, { "id": "10628064_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Stress is now recognized as an occupational hazard and it is incumbent on all employers to carry out an assessment in order to assess the risk to health. A stress audit would be an appropriate tool to use. An audit should concentrate on organizational issues. Most audits use a questionnaire and it is sensible to use one which has already been validated. Results should be fed back to the employer in a form which is easily understandable and which contains clear recommendations for action. A repeat audit after one year is advised." ], "offsets": [ [ 17, 551 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "10628064_MESH:D000079225_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Stress" ], "offsets": [ [ 17, 23 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000079225" } ] }, { "id": "10628064_MESH:D000079225_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stress audit" ], "offsets": [ [ 173, 185 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000079225" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "15197266_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A plant plasma membrane Ca2+ pump is required for normal pollen tube growth and fertilization." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 94 ] ] }, { "id": "15197266_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Ca(2+) signals are thought to play important roles in plant growth and development, including key aspects of pollen tube growth and fertilization. The dynamics of a Ca(2+) signal are largely controlled by influx (through channels) and efflux (through pumps and antiporters). The Arabidopsis genome encodes 14 Ca(2+) pumps, 10 of which belong to a family of autoinhibited Ca(2+) ATPases (ACA) that are predicted to be activated by Ca(2+)/calmodulin. Here, we show that isoform ACA9 is expressed primarily in pollen and localized to the plasma membrane. Three independent T-DNA [portion of the Ti (tumor-inducing) plasmid that is transferred to plant cells] gene disruptions of ACA9 were found to result in partial male sterility. Complementation was observed by using a ACA9-yellow fluorescence protein (YFP) fusion that displayed plasma membrane localization. Mutant aca9 pollen displayed a reduced growth potential and a high frequency of aborted fertilization, resulting in a >80% reduction in seed set. These findings identify a plasma membrane Ca(2+) transporter as a key regulator of pollen development and fertilization in flowering plants." ], "offsets": [ [ 95, 1241 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "15197266_MESH:D000069285_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Ca2+" ], "offsets": [ [ 24, 28 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000069285" } ] }, { "id": "15197266_3702_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Arabidopsis" ], "offsets": [ [ 374, 385 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3702" } ] }, { "id": "15197266_821671_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "ACA9" ], "offsets": [ [ 571, 575 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "821671" } ] }, { "id": "15197266_MESH:D009369_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 691, 696 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "15197266_821671_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "ACA9" ], "offsets": [ [ 771, 775 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "821671" } ] }, { "id": "15197266_821671_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "ACA9" ], "offsets": [ [ 864, 868 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "821671" } ] }, { "id": "15197266_821671_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "aca9" ], "offsets": [ [ 962, 966 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "821671" } ] }, { "id": "15197266_3398_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "flowering plants" ], "offsets": [ [ 1224, 1240 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3398" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "21480397_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Efficient and color-tunable oxyfluoride solid solution phosphors for solid-state white lighting." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 96 ] ] }, { "id": "21480397_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 97, 97 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "21480397_MESH:C014559_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxyfluoride" ], "offsets": [ [ 28, 39 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C014559" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18445113_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Upregulation of beta-catenin levels in superior frontal cortex of chronic alcoholics." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 85 ] ] }, { "id": "18445113_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Chronic and excessive alcohol misuse results in neuroadaptive changes in the brain. The complex nature of behavioral, psychological, emotional, and neuropathological characteristics associated with alcoholism is likely a reflection of the network of proteins that are affected by alcohol-induced gene expression patterns in specific brain regions. At the molecular level, however, knowledge remains limited regarding alterations in protein expression levels affected by chronic alcohol abuse. Thus, novel techniques that allow a comprehensive assessment of this complexity will enable the simultaneous assessment of changes across a group of proteins in the relevant neural circuitry. METHODS: A proteomics analysis was performed using antibody microarrays to determine differential protein levels in superior frontal cortices between chronic alcoholics and age- and gender-matched control subjects. Seventeen proteins related to the catenin signaling pathway were analyzed, including alpha-, beta-, and delta-catenins, their upstream activators cadherin-3 (type I cadherin) and cadherin-5 (type II cadherin), and 5 cytoplasmic regulators c-Src, CK1 epsilon, GSK-3beta, PP2A-C alpha, and APC, as well as the nuclear complex partner of beta-catenin CBP and 2 downstream genes Myc and cyclin D1. ILK, G(alpha1), G(beta1), and G(beta2), which are activity regulators of GSK-3beta, were also analyzed. RESULTS: Both alpha- and beta-catenin showed significantly increased levels, while delta-catenin did not change significantly, in chronic alcoholics. In addition, the level of the beta-catenin downstream gene product Myc was significantly increased. Average levels of the catenin regulators c-Src, CK1 epsilon, and APC were also increased in chronic alcoholics, but the changes were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Chronic and excessive alcohol consumption leads to an upregulation of alpha- and beta-catenin levels, which in turn increase downstream gene expressions such as Myc that is controlled by beta-catenin signaling. This study showed that the beta-catenin signal transduction pathway was upregulated by chronic alcohol abuse, and prompts further investigation of mechanisms underlying the upregulation of alpha- and beta-catenins in alcoholism, which may have considerable pathogenic and therapeutic relevance." ], "offsets": [ [ 86, 2427 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "18445113_MESH:D000438_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "alcohol" ], "offsets": [ [ 120, 127 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000438" } ] }, { "id": "18445113_MESH:D000437_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "alcoholism" ], "offsets": [ [ 296, 306 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000437" } ] }, { "id": "18445113_MESH:D000438_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "alcohol" ], "offsets": [ [ 378, 385 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000438" } ] }, { "id": "18445113_MESH:D000437_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "chronic alcohol abuse" ], "offsets": [ [ 568, 589 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000437" } ] }, { "id": "18445113_MESH:D011125_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "APC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1286, 1289 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011125" } ] }, { "id": "18445113_-_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "alpha- and beta-catenin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1510, 1533 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "18445113_MESH:D011125_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "APC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1811, 1814 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011125" } ] }, { "id": "18445113_MESH:D000438_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "alcohol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1944, 1951 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000438" } ] }, { "id": "18445113_MESH:D000437_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "alcohol abuse" ], "offsets": [ [ 2228, 2241 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000437" } ] }, { "id": "18445113_MESH:D000437_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "alcoholism" ], "offsets": [ [ 2350, 2360 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000437" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "1124171_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Malignant teratoma of the uterine tube." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 39 ] ] }, { "id": "1124171_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A primary malignant teratoma of the uterine tube, encountered in a 22-year-old female, is described. Forty-four cases of benign \"teratomas\" of the oviduct have previously been reported. This appears to be the first reported malignant teratoma of the uterine tube." ], "offsets": [ [ 40, 303 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "1124171_MESH:D013724_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Malignant teratoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 18 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013724" } ] }, { "id": "1124171_MESH:D013724_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignant teratoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 50, 68 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013724" } ] }, { "id": "1124171_MESH:D013724_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "teratomas" ], "offsets": [ [ 169, 178 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013724" } ] }, { "id": "1124171_MESH:D013724_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "teratoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 274, 282 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013724" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "5766275_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Nodular subepidermal fibrosis. A clinical pathologic study emphasizing the frequency of clinical misdiagnoses." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 110 ] ] }, { "id": "5766275_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 111, 111 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "5766275_MESH:D005355_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fibrosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 21, 29 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005355" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "19781094_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Improving clinical research and cancer care delivery in community settings: evaluating the NCI community cancer centers program." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 128 ] ] }, { "id": "19781094_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: In this article, we describe the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Community Cancer Centers Program (NCCCP) pilot and the evaluation designed to assess its role, function, and relevance to the NCI's research mission. In doing so, we describe the evolution of and rationale for the NCCCP concept, participating sites' characteristics, its multi-faceted aims to enhance clinical research and quality of care in community settings, and the role of strategic partnerships, both within and outside of the NCCCP network, in achieving program objectives. DISCUSSION: The evaluation of the NCCCP is conceptualized as a mixed method multi-layered assessment of organizational innovation and performance which includes mapping the evolution of site development as a means of understanding the inter- and intra-organizational change in the pilot, and the application of specific evaluation metrics for assessing the implementation, operations, and performance of the NCCCP pilot. The assessment of the cost of the pilot as an additional means of informing the longer-term feasibility and sustainability of the program is also discussed. SUMMARY: The NCCCP is a major systems-level set of organizational innovations to enhance clinical research and care delivery in diverse communities across the United States. Assessment of the extent to which the program achieves its aims will depend on a full understanding of how individual, organizational, and environmental factors align (or fail to align) to achieve these improvements, and at what cost." ], "offsets": [ [ 129, 1673 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "19781094_MESH:D009369_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 32, 38 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "19781094_MESH:D009369_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 105, 111 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "19781094_MESH:D009369_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 183, 189 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "19781094_MESH:D009369_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 216, 222 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "12616609_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Inhibitory effect of local ischaemic preconditioning in total body irradiated rats." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 83 ] ] }, { "id": "12616609_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between local ischaemic preconditioning and the effectiveness of fractionated radiotherapy. The rat serum, bone marrow, and small intestine were examined for oxidative changes induced by total body irradiation with gamma rays with applied local ischaemic preconditioning immediately before irradiation. Serum concentrations of TBA-RS examined 12 hours after the last irradiation did not reveal any differences among the groups of animals analyzed. Twenty-four hours after the last dose of irradiation, the serum concentrations of TBA-RS varied in particular groups (P<0.0001). The concentration of triglycerides in the serum of local preconditioned ischaemia and irradiated animals showed a reversed shape similar to the TBA-RS fluctuation (P<0.003). The level of uric acid in the serum of animals treated only with radiation is slightly higher than the level of this acid in the serum of the local preconditioned ischaemia radiation group (P<0.58). The number of bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes did not appear to differ substantially in both irradiated groups. At the first 12 hours after irradiation, the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes is significantly different in the bone marrow of both groups either in combination with ischaemic preconditioned radiation or with radiation alone (P<0.0002). In irradiated animals without ischaemic preconditioning, on the 3rd day after irradiation the number of crypts increased and in the next days decreased achieving the level of the control group on the 7th day. Irradiated rats with local ischaemic preconditioning did not reveal an increase in the number of crypts. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). These data indicate that the local ischaemic preconditioning modifies the radiation peroxidising effects through inhibition of free radical-dependent lipid peroxidation and, probably, other unrecognized mechanisms." ], "offsets": [ [ 84, 2049 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "12616609_10116_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 78, 82 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "12616609_-_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "TBA" ], "offsets": [ [ 465, 468 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "12616609_-_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "TBA" ], "offsets": [ [ 668, 671 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "12616609_MESH:D014280_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "triglycerides" ], "offsets": [ [ 736, 749 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014280" } ] }, { "id": "12616609_MESH:D007511_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ischaemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 787, 796 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007511" } ] }, { "id": "12616609_-_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "TBA" ], "offsets": [ [ 859, 862 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "12616609_MESH:D014527_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "uric acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 902, 911 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014527" } ] }, { "id": "12616609_MESH:D011832_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ischaemia radiation" ], "offsets": [ [ 1052, 1071 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011832" } ] }, { "id": "12616609_MESH:D001855_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes" ], "offsets": [ [ 1102, 1140 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001855" } ] }, { "id": "12616609_10116_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 1686, 1690 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "12616609_MESH:D005609_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "free radical" ], "offsets": [ [ 1962, 1974 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005609" } ] }, { "id": "12616609_MESH:D008055_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipid" ], "offsets": [ [ 1985, 1990 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "1536305_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Borderline patients' perceptions of their parents." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 50 ] ] }, { "id": "1536305_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 51, 51 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "1536305_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 11, 19 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "29189128_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Curcumin as an Adjunct Therapy and microRNA Modulator in Breast Cancer." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 71 ] ] }, { "id": "29189128_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Pathogenesis of breast cancer is paralleled by distinct alterations in the expression profile of several microRNAs (miRNAs). Recent studies have shown that miRNAs can serve as diagnostic and prognostic markers, and also as therapeutic targets in breast cancer. Curcumin is a biologically active dietary polyphenol that has emerged with strong anti-tumor properties that are also documented in breast cancer. METHODS: A multi-database electronic search was performed to provide an overview of curcumin as an adjunct therapy and miRNA modulator in breast cancer and highlight the significance of observations for the treatment of cancer therapies. RESULTS: The putative anti-tumor properties of curcumin are mediated by diverse mechanisms including inhibition of cell proliferation, metastasis, migration, invasion and angiogenesis, and induction of G2/M cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and paraptosis. Recent evidence implies that curcumin can interact with several oncogenic and tumorsuppressive miRNAs involved in different stages of breast cancer. In this context, up-regulation of miR181b, miR-34a, miR-16, miR-15a and miR-146b-5p, and down-regulation of miR-19a and miR-19b have been shown following the treatment of several breast cancer cell lines with curcumin. These effects lead to the suppression of tumorigenesis and metastasis, and induction of apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Curcumin appears as an important miRNA modulator in breast cancer. However, further investigations are warranted to elucidate the impact of curcumin on miRNA transcriptome profile of breast cancer and the resulting impact of experimental models." ], "offsets": [ [ 72, 1706 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "29189128_MESH:D003474_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Curcumin" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 8 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003474" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D001943_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Breast Cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 57, 70 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D001943_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 100, 113 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D001943_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 330, 343 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D003474_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Curcumin" ], "offsets": [ [ 345, 353 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003474" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D059808_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polyphenol" ], "offsets": [ [ 387, 397 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D059808" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D009369_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 432, 437 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D001943_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 477, 490 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D003474_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "curcumin" ], "offsets": [ [ 576, 584 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003474" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D001943_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 630, 643 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D009369_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 712, 718 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D009369_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 757, 762 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D003474_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "curcumin" ], "offsets": [ [ 777, 785 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003474" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D006323_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "arrest" ], "offsets": [ [ 948, 954 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006323" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D003474_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "curcumin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1011, 1019 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003474" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D001943_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1116, 1129 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_407040_16", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "miR-34a" ], "offsets": [ [ 1174, 1181 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "407040" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_51573_17", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "miR-16" ], "offsets": [ [ 1183, 1189 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "51573" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_406948_18", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "miR-15a" ], "offsets": [ [ 1191, 1198 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "406948" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_406979_19", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "miR-19a" ], "offsets": [ [ 1239, 1246 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "406979" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_406980_20", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "miR-19b" ], "offsets": [ [ 1251, 1258 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "406980" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D001943_21", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1310, 1323 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D003474_22", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "curcumin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1340, 1348 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003474" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D003474_23", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Curcumin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1461, 1469 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003474" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D001943_24", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1513, 1526 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D003474_25", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "curcumin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1601, 1609 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003474" } ] }, { "id": "29189128_MESH:D001943_26", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1644, 1657 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "1612212_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The sex ratios of dyslexic children and their sibs." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 51 ] ] }, { "id": "1612212_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "There is a male excess in many samples of patients with dyslexia and related conditions. Various suggestions have been made to account for this, including: (1) ascertainment bias, in that boys are more likely to be referred than girls; (2) a biological propensity of parents of dyslexic children to produce a high proportion of boys (compared with parents of controls); and (3) greater susceptibility among boys than girls to these conditions. These explanations are not mutually exclusive, and the first undoubtedly applies to some clinic samples. This paper offers equivocal evidence for the second explanation, and introduces new evidence for the third." ], "offsets": [ [ 52, 708 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "1612212_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 27, 35 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1612212_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 94, 102 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1612212_MESH:D004410_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dyslexia" ], "offsets": [ [ 108, 116 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004410" } ] }, { "id": "1612212_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "boys" ], "offsets": [ [ 240, 244 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1612212_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "girls" ], "offsets": [ [ 281, 286 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1612212_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 339, 347 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1612212_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "boys" ], "offsets": [ [ 380, 384 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1612212_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "boys" ], "offsets": [ [ 459, 463 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1612212_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "girls" ], "offsets": [ [ 469, 474 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6523539_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Synthesis of 1-chloroestradiol." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 31 ] ] }, { "id": "6523539_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The synthesis of the previously unknown 1-chloroestradiol (1), is reported. Addition of N-chlorosuccinimide/NaI in dioxane to 4-amino-estradiol 3-methyl ether (2), resulted in exclusive chlorination of the 1-position. Subsequent deamination and demethylation afforded 1 in good yields." ], "offsets": [ [ 32, 317 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "6523539_MESH:C044306_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "1-chloroestradiol" ], "offsets": [ [ 13, 30 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C044306" } ] }, { "id": "6523539_MESH:C044306_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "1-chloroestradiol" ], "offsets": [ [ 72, 89 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C044306" } ] }, { "id": "6523539_MESH:C015752_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "N-chlorosuccinimide" ], "offsets": [ [ 120, 139 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C015752" } ] }, { "id": "6523539_-_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "NaI" ], "offsets": [ [ 140, 143 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "6523539_MESH:C025223_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dioxane" ], "offsets": [ [ 147, 154 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C025223" } ] }, { "id": "6523539_-_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "4-amino-estradiol 3-methyl ether" ], "offsets": [ [ 158, 190 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "36054243_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A single arm prospective feasibility study evaluating wound closure with a unique wearable device that provides intermittent plantar compression and offloading in the treatment of non-healing diabetic foot ulcers." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 213 ] ] }, { "id": "36054243_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The incidence and economic burden of diabetic foot ulcers continues to rise throughout the world. In this prospective study, a unique device designed to offload the wound, enhance circulation and monitor patient compliance was evaluated for safety and efficacy. The device provides offloading and intermittent plantar compression to improve the pedal flow of oxygenated blood and support wound healing while recording patient use. Ten patients with non-healing diabetic foot ulcers UTgrade 1A/Wagner grade 1 were treated weekly for up to 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was complete wound closure at 12 weeks, and secondary endpoints included healing time, percent area reduction and changes in pain using the visual analogue pain scale. Eight out of ten wounds healed within 12 weeks(80%), and the mean healing time was 41 days(95% CI:24.3-58.3). The percent area reduction was 75(SD:53.9). The baseline visual analogue pain scale was 4.5(2.9) as compared with 3.3(3.4) at end of study. No device-related or serious adverse events were reported. This unique intermediate plantar compression and offloading device may be considered as an alternative for safe and effective for treatment of non-healing diabetic foot ulcers. During treatment, wound healing was significantly accelerated, and pain was improved. Larger randomised controlled trials are underway to validate these early findings." ], "offsets": [ [ 214, 1605 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "36054243_MESH:D017719_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetic foot ulcers" ], "offsets": [ [ 192, 212 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017719" } ] }, { "id": "36054243_MESH:D017719_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetic foot ulcers" ], "offsets": [ [ 251, 271 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017719" } ] }, { "id": "36054243_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 418, 425 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "36054243_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 632, 639 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "36054243_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 649, 657 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "36054243_MESH:D017719_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetic foot ulcers" ], "offsets": [ [ 675, 695 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017719" } ] }, { "id": "36054243_MESH:D010146_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 908, 912 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010146" } ] }, { "id": "36054243_MESH:D010146_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 939, 943 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010146" } ] }, { "id": "36054243_MESH:D010146_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 1134, 1138 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010146" } ] }, { "id": "36054243_MESH:D017719_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetic foot ulcers" ], "offsets": [ [ 1415, 1435 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017719" } ] }, { "id": "36054243_MESH:D010146_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 1504, 1508 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010146" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "2011240_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "History of stroke." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 18 ] ] }, { "id": "2011240_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 19, 19 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "2011240_MESH:D020521_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stroke" ], "offsets": [ [ 11, 17 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020521" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "29933604_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Theoretical Analysis of a Microring Resonator Array with High Sensitivity and Large Dynamic Range Based on a Multi-Scale Technique." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 131 ] ] }, { "id": "29933604_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "By using a multi-scale measurement technique, a high-sensitivity and large dynamic-range sensor array, which consisted of a single resonator and a series of cascaded resonators with a sensing ring and a reference ring, was modeled, and its transmission properties were investigated theoretically and numerically. We also set forth the principle of a multi-scale measurement technique based on the transmission spectrum of a resonator. This sensor array could have a nearly tenfold increase in sensitivity, and an improved dynamic range in an arrow wavelength range. The simulated results were in good agreement with the theoretical analysis." ], "offsets": [ [ 132, 773 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "10468188_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "High frequency of DNA aneuploidy detected by DNA flow cytometry in Bowen's disease." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 83 ] ] }, { "id": "10468188_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "To detect DNA aneuploidy in Bowen's disease, we investigated DNA flow cytometric analysis. Single cell suspensions were prepared from 18 fresh samples histopathologically diagnosed as solitary Bowen's disease and analyzed by DNA flow cytometry. In 16 (89%) of 18 lesions, DNA aneuploidy was demonstrated with a single aneuploid peak. DNA indices ranged from 1.29 to 1.74. The incidence of DNA aneuploidy in Bowen's disease is higher than those of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, which was 25-80% in the previous reports. Therefore, in Bowen's disease. DNA aneuploidy may not imply a good marker for characteristics of non-melanoma skin cancer. A single aneuploid peak commonly observed in Bowen's disease suggests that this disease consists of the monoclonal proliferation of keratinocytes containing abnormal DNA content." ], "offsets": [ [ 84, 909 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "10468188_MESH:D000782_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "aneuploidy" ], "offsets": [ [ 22, 32 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000782" } ] }, { "id": "10468188_MESH:D000782_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "aneuploidy" ], "offsets": [ [ 98, 108 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000782" } ] }, { "id": "10468188_MESH:D000782_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "aneuploidy" ], "offsets": [ [ 360, 370 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000782" } ] }, { "id": "10468188_MESH:D000782_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "aneuploid" ], "offsets": [ [ 402, 411 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000782" } ] }, { "id": "10468188_MESH:D000782_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "aneuploidy" ], "offsets": [ [ 477, 487 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000782" } ] }, { "id": "10468188_MESH:D002294_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 531, 564 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002294" } ] }, { "id": "10468188_MESH:D000782_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "aneuploidy" ], "offsets": [ [ 643, 653 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000782" } ] }, { "id": "10468188_MESH:D012878_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "melanoma skin cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 709, 729 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012878" } ] }, { "id": "10468188_MESH:D000782_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "aneuploid" ], "offsets": [ [ 740, 749 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000782" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "27077958_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Factors Associated With the Performance of Extended Colonic Resection vs. Segmental Resection in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Population-Based Study." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 153 ] ] }, { "id": "27077958_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVES: Early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence rates are rising. This group is susceptible to heritable conditions (i.e., Lynch syndrome (LS)) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with high metachronous CRC rates after segmental resection. Hence, extended colonic resection (ECR) is often performed and considered generally in young patients. As there are no population-based studies analyzing resection extent in early-onset CRC, we used CDC Comparative Effectiveness Research (CER) data to assess state-wide operative practices. METHODS: Using CER and Louisiana Tumor Registry data, all CRC patients aged <=50 years, diagnosed in Louisiana in 2011, who underwent surgery in 2011-2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Prevalence of, and the factors associated with operation type (ECR including subtotal/total/proctocolectomy vs. segmental resection) were evaluated. RESULTS: Of 2,427 CRC patients, 274 were aged <=50 years. In all, 234 underwent surgery at 53 unique facilities and 6.8% underwent ECR. Statistically significant ECR-associated factors included age <=45 years, polyposis, synchronous/metachronous LS-associated cancers, and IBD. Abnormal microsatellite instability (MSI) was not ECR-associated. ECR was not performed in sporadic CRC. CONCLUSIONS: ECR is performed in the setting of clinically obvious associated high-risk features (polyposis, IBD, synchronous/metachronous cancers) but not in isolated/sporadic CRC. However, attention must be paid to patients with seemingly lower risk characteristics (isolated CRC, no polyposis), as LS can still be present. In addition, the presumed sporadic group requires further study as metachronous CRC risk in early-onset sporadic CRC has not been well-defined, and some may harbor undefined/undiagnosed hereditary conditions. Abnormal MSI (LS risk) is not associated with ECR; abnormal MSI results often return postoperatively after segmental resection has already occurred, which is a contributing factor." ], "offsets": [ [ 154, 2129 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "27077958_MESH:D003110_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Colonic" ], "offsets": [ [ 52, 59 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003110" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D015179_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Colorectal Cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 109, 126 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015179" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D015179_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "colorectal cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 178, 195 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015179" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D015179_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CRC" ], "offsets": [ [ 197, 200 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015179" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D003123_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Lynch syndrome" ], "offsets": [ [ 287, 301 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003123" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D015212_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "inflammatory bowel disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 312, 338 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015212" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D015212_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "IBD" ], "offsets": [ [ 340, 343 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015212" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D015179_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CRC" ], "offsets": [ [ 368, 371 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015179" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D003110_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "colonic" ], "offsets": [ [ 421, 428 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003110" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 498, 506 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D015179_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CRC" ], "offsets": [ [ 591, 594 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015179" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D015179_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CRC" ], "offsets": [ [ 754, 757 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015179" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 758, 766 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D015179_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CRC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1049, 1052 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015179" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1053, 1061 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D044483_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "polyposis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1241, 1250 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D044483" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D009369_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancers" ], "offsets": [ [ 1291, 1298 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D015212_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "IBD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1304, 1307 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015212" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D053842_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Abnormal microsatellite instability" ], "offsets": [ [ 1309, 1344 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D053842" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D015179_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CRC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1409, 1412 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015179" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D044483_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "polyposis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1512, 1521 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D044483" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D015212_21", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "IBD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1523, 1526 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015212" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D009369_22", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "synchronous/metachronous cancers" ], "offsets": [ [ 1528, 1560 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D015179_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CRC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1591, 1594 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015179" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_9606_24", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1631, 1639 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D015179_25", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CRC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1692, 1695 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015179" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D044483_26", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "polyposis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1700, 1709 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D044483" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D015179_27", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CRC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1820, 1823 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015179" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D015179_28", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CRC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1853, 1856 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015179" } ] }, { "id": "27077958_MESH:D053842_29", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Abnormal MSI" ], "offsets": [ [ 1949, 1961 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D053842" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "26925966_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Impact of the shedding level on transmission of persistent infections in Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP)." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 127 ] ] }, { "id": "26925966_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Super-shedders are infectious individuals that contribute a disproportionate amount of infectious pathogen load to the environment. A super-shedder host may produce up to 10,000 times more pathogens than other infectious hosts. Super-shedders have been reported for multiple human and animal diseases. If their contribution to infection dynamics was linear to the pathogen load, they would dominate infection dynamics. We here focus on quantifying the effect of super-shedders on the spread of infection in natural environments to test if such an effect actually occurs in Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). We study a case where the infection dynamics and the bacterial load shed by each host at every point in time are known. Using a maximum likelihood approach, we estimate the parameters of a model with multiple transmission routes, including direct contact, indirect contact and a background infection risk. We use longitudinal data from persistent infections (MAP), where infectious individuals have a wide distribution of infectious loads, ranging upward of three orders of magnitude. We show based on these parameters that the effect of super-shedders for MAP is limited and that the effect of the individual bacterial load is limited and the relationship between bacterial load and the infectiousness is highly concave. A 1000-fold increase in the bacterial contribution is equivalent to up to a 2-3 fold increase in infectiousness." ], "offsets": [ [ 128, 1590 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "26925966_MESH:D007239_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infections" ], "offsets": [ [ 59, 69 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "26925966_1770_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 73, 120 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1770" } ] }, { "id": "26925966_1770_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "MAP" ], "offsets": [ [ 122, 125 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1770" } ] }, { "id": "26925966_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 403, 408 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26925966_MESH:D007239_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 455, 464 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "26925966_MESH:D007239_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 527, 536 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "26925966_MESH:D007239_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 622, 631 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "26925966_1770_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 701, 748 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1770" } ] }, { "id": "26925966_1770_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "MAP" ], "offsets": [ [ 750, 753 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1770" } ] }, { "id": "26925966_MESH:D007239_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 782, 791 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "26925966_MESH:D007239_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 1046, 1055 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "26925966_MESH:D007239_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infections" ], "offsets": [ [ 1103, 1113 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "26925966_1770_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "MAP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1115, 1118 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1770" } ] }, { "id": "26925966_1770_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "MAP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1313, 1316 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1770" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "25979965_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Patterns of genetic diversity in three plant lineages endemic to the Cape Verde Islands." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 88 ] ] }, { "id": "25979965_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Conservation of plant diversity on islands relies on a good knowledge of the taxonomy, distribution and genetic diversity of species. In recent decades, a combination of morphology- and DNA-based approaches has become the standard for investigating island plant lineages and this has led, in some cases, to the discovery of previously overlooked diversity, including 'cryptic species'. The flora of the Cape Verde archipelago in the North Atlantic is currently thought to comprise ~740 vascular plant species, 92 of them endemics. Despite the fact that it is considered relatively well known, there has been a 12 % increase in the number of endemics in the last two decades. Relatively few of the Cape Verde plant lineages have been included in genetic studies so far and little is known about the patterns of diversification in the archipelago. Here we present an updated list for the endemic Cape Verde flora and analyse diversity patterns for three endemic plant lineages (Cynanchum, Globularia and Umbilicus) based on one nuclear (ITS) and four plastid DNA regions. In all three lineages, we find genetic variation. In Cynanchum, we find two distinct haplotypes with no clear geographical pattern, possibly reflecting different ploidy levels. In Globularia and Umbilicus, differentiation is evident between populations from northern and southern islands. Isolation and drift resulting from the small and fragmented distributions, coupled with the significant distances separating the northern and southern islands, could explain this pattern. Overall, our study suggests that the diversity in the endemic vascular flora of Cape Verde is higher than previously thought and further work is necessary to characterize the flora." ], "offsets": [ [ 89, 1817 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "25979965_10592_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Cape" ], "offsets": [ [ 69, 73 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "10592" } ] }, { "id": "25979965_10592_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Cape" ], "offsets": [ [ 492, 496 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "10592" } ] }, { "id": "25979965_10592_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Cape" ], "offsets": [ [ 786, 790 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "10592" } ] }, { "id": "25979965_10592_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Cape" ], "offsets": [ [ 983, 987 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "10592" } ] }, { "id": "25979965_10592_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Cape" ], "offsets": [ [ 1716, 1720 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "10592" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "24152753_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Manifestations of fasting-induced fatty liver and rapid recovery from steatosis in voles fed lard or flaxseed oil lipids." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 121 ] ] }, { "id": "24152753_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) can have beneficial effects against fat deposition, cardiovascular diseases, and liver steatosis. We investigated how diets based on lard (predominantly saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids) or flaxseed oil (rich in 18:3n-3) affect liver fat-% and fatty acid profiles of tundra voles (Microtus oeconomus). We also studied potential participation of hyaluronan (HA) in the pathology of fatty liver and whether the development and recovery of fasting-induced steatosis are influenced by n-3 PUFA. The dietary fatty acid composition was manifested in the liver fatty acid signatures. Fasting for 18 h induced macrovesicular steatosis and the liver fat-% increased to 22% independent of the preceding diet. Fasting-induced steatosis did not involve inflammation or connective tissue activation indicated by the absence of both leukocyte accumulation and increased HA. Food deprivation modified the liver fatty acid signatures to resemble more closely the diets. Fasting reduced the proportions of long-chain n-3 PUFA in both dietary regimes and n-3/n-6 PUFA ratios in the lard-fed voles. Decreases in long-chain n-3 PUFA may promote lipid accumulation by modulating the expression of lipid-metabolizing genes. Dietary 18:3n-3 did not prevent the development or attenuate the manifestation of steatosis in the fasted voles or promote the recovery." ], "offsets": [ [ 122, 1519 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "24152753_MESH:D005234_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fatty liver" ], "offsets": [ [ 34, 45 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005234" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D005234_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "steatosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 70, 79 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005234" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_47230_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "voles" ], "offsets": [ [ 83, 88 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "47230" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_-_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "flaxseed oil lipids" ], "offsets": [ [ 101, 120 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_-_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Long-chain" ], "offsets": [ [ 122, 132 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D015525_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids" ], "offsets": [ [ 133, 164 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015525" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D005231_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PUFA" ], "offsets": [ [ 166, 170 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005231" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D002318_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cardiovascular diseases" ], "offsets": [ [ 224, 247 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002318" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D005234_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver steatosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 253, 268 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005234" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_-_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids" ], "offsets": [ [ 325, 366 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D008043_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "flaxseed oil" ], "offsets": [ [ 371, 383 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008043" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D005227_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "fatty acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 425, 435 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005227" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_47230_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "voles" ], "offsets": [ [ 455, 460 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "47230" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_64717_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Microtus oeconomus" ], "offsets": [ [ 462, 480 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "64717" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D006820_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "hyaluronan" ], "offsets": [ [ 526, 536 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006820" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D006820_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "HA" ], "offsets": [ [ 538, 540 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006820" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D005234_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fatty liver" ], "offsets": [ [ 562, 573 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005234" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D005234_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "steatosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 634, 643 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005234" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D015525_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "n-3 PUFA" ], "offsets": [ [ 662, 670 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015525" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_-_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dietary fatty acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 676, 694 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D005227_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "fatty acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 735, 745 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005227" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D005234_21", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "macrovesicular steatosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 783, 807 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005234" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D005234_22", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "steatosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 896, 905 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005234" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D007249_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "inflammation" ], "offsets": [ [ 922, 934 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007249" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D005227_24", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "fatty acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 1077, 1087 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005227" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_47230_25", "type": "Species", "text": [ "voles" ], "offsets": [ [ 1254, 1259 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "47230" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D008055_26", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipid" ], "offsets": [ [ 1306, 1311 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D008055_27", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipid" ], "offsets": [ [ 1357, 1362 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_MESH:D005234_28", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "steatosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1465, 1474 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005234" } ] }, { "id": "24152753_47230_29", "type": "Species", "text": [ "voles" ], "offsets": [ [ 1489, 1494 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "47230" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "33470731_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Type 2 Myocardial Infarction: CURRENT CONCEPTS AND OUR EXPERIENCE WITH CARDIAC REHABILITATION." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 94 ] ] }, { "id": "33470731_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI) is commonly encountered in clinical practice, yet little is known about this challenging condition. Outpatient cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an integral component in the care of patients with MI. However, specific recommendations for CR, information on the feasibility of participation, and outcome measures for patients with T2MI are lacking. CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS: The frequency of T2MI is markedly variable and depends on the studied population, disease definition, adjudication process, cardiac troponin assays, and cutoff values used to make the diagnosis of T2MI. Clinically, it is difficult to distinguish T2MI from type 1 MI or myocardial injury. Type 2 myocardial infarction occurs due to myocardial oxygen supply-demand mismatch without acute atherothrombotic plaque disruption and is associated with adverse short- and long-term prognoses. Currently, there are substantial gaps in knowledge regarding T2MI and there are no clear guidelines for the optimal management of these patients. SUMMARY: In this article, we present important current concepts surrounding T2MI including the definition, pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, prognosis, and management. We also discuss referral patterns to CR and participation rates and provide our experience with a case series of 17 patients. Very few patients with T2MI are referred to and participate in CR. Our small case series indicated that patients with T2MI respond favorably to CR and that exercise training following standard guidelines appears safe and is well tolerated." ], "offsets": [ [ 95, 1684 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "33470731_MESH:D009203_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Myocardial Infarction" ], "offsets": [ [ 7, 28 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009203" } ] }, { "id": "33470731_MESH:D009203_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myocardial infarction" ], "offsets": [ [ 114, 135 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009203" } ] }, { "id": "33470731_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Outpatient" ], "offsets": [ [ 243, 253 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33470731_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 322, 330 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33470731_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 456, 464 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33470731_MESH:D009202_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myocardial injury" ], "offsets": [ [ 782, 799 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009202" } ] }, { "id": "33470731_MESH:D009203_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myocardial infarction" ], "offsets": [ [ 808, 829 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009203" } ] }, { "id": "33470731_MESH:D010100_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 855, 861 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "33470731_MESH:D019958_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "atherothrombotic plaque disruption" ], "offsets": [ [ 899, 933 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019958" } ] }, { "id": "33470731_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1133, 1141 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33470731_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1435, 1443 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33470731_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1454, 1462 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33470731_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1549, 1557 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31871531_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Evaluating the Impact of Race and Gender on Environmental Risk Perceptions in the Houston Neighborhood of Manchester." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 117 ] ] }, { "id": "31871531_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Previous research has shown that white males tend to perceive risks from environmental exposures as lower than women and members of minority populations, often referred to as the white male effect. However, this effect was mostly demonstrated without regard to the actual lived environment experienced by the study participants. There is growing evidence that differences in risk perceptions cannot be adequately explained through race or gender. This cross-sectional study collected survey data from residents of Manchester, a small neighborhood in Houston, Texas, characterized by industrial sites, unimproved infrastructure, nuisance flooding, and poor air quality. Trained community members attempted a complete census within the geographically compact neighborhood. Logistic regression was used to estimate the relative effect of race on environmental health perceptions adjusted for generational age. In contrast to previous research, our study (N = 109) showed that nonwhite individuals perceived a lower environmental health risk compared with their white counterparts. Comparing female and minority racial groups with white males showed that on most issues, white males had the highest perception of risk. For example, adjusted for age, nonwhite respondents perceived the risk of contact with standing water as significantly lower than white respondents (odds ratio = 0.34; 95% confidence interval = 0.12-0.93). This study supports the hypothesis that when environmental conditions experienced by individuals are the same, minority groups tend to underestimate their risk compared with white males. One possible explanation put forth is that communal norms are created within minority populations through generations of exposure to negative environmental conditions compared with white populations." ], "offsets": [ [ 118, 1925 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "31871531_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 229, 234 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "31871531_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "participants" ], "offsets": [ [ 433, 445 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "31871531_MESH:D014867_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 1429, 1434 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "14294698_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "COMPLICATIONS OF CORTICOID HORMONES IN TREATMENT OF DISEASES OF THE EYE." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 72 ] ] }, { "id": "14294698_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 73, 73 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "14294698_MESH:D016609_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CORTICOID HORMONES IN TREATMENT OF DISEASES OF THE EYE" ], "offsets": [ [ 17, 71 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016609" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "25808101_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Resurfacing of the humeral head: An analysis of the bone stock and osseous integration under the implant." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 105 ] ] }, { "id": "25808101_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Cementless-surface-replacement-arthroplasty (CSRA) of the shoulder aims for functional joint restoration with minimal bone loss. Good clinical results have been reported, but due to the radiopaque metal shell no data is available on the structure, osseous integration, and bone stock under the implant. 14 hemi-CSRAs (4 manufacturers) with two geometries (crown [n = 7]/ stem [n = 7] fixation) were retrieved from patients undergoing revision due to glenoidal erosion. Histological sections cutting through the implant centre and bone were analysed. Quantitative histomorphometry evaluated the bone-implant-contact and compared the bone-area to native humeral retrievals (n = 7). The bone-implant-interface was further assessed by scanning-electron-microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive-x-ray (EDX). Qualitative histology revealed a reduced and inhomogeneous bone stock. Obvious signs of stress shielding were observed with bone predominantly visible at the stem and implant rim. Quantitative histomorphometry confirmed the significantly reduced bone-area (9.2 +- 3.9% [crown 9.9 +- 4.3%, stem 8.6 +- 3.6%]) compared to native humeri (21.2 +- 9.1%; p < 0.05). Bone-implant-contact was 20.5 +- 5.8% (crown 21.8 +- 6.2%, stem 19.2 +- 5.6%) which was confirmed by SEM and EDX. Altogether, CRSA shows satisfactory bone ingrowth at the interface suggesting sufficient primary stability to allow osseous integration. However, clear signs of stress shielding with an inhomogeneous and reduced bone stock were observed. The impact on the long-term-results is unclear requiring further investigation." ], "offsets": [ [ 106, 1698 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "25808101_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 520, 528 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "25808101_MESH:D000079225_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stress" ], "offsets": [ [ 995, 1001 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000079225" } ] }, { "id": "25808101_MESH:D000079225_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stress" ], "offsets": [ [ 1542, 1548 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000079225" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "16405237_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Pay for performance: national and local accountability for health care." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 71 ] ] }, { "id": "16405237_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 72, 72 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "2622390_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "\"There are no cure-alls to our problems,\" says Rep. David Gubow." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 64 ] ] }, { "id": "2622390_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 65, 65 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35188199_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The hare and the tortoise: stomatal kinetics under light change in Poaeceae crops." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 82 ] ] }, { "id": "35188199_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 83, 83 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "26859987_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Dynamics of EEG Alpha-Activity and Heart Rate Variability in Subjects Performing Cognitive Tests]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 99 ] ] }, { "id": "26859987_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Changes in the power and coherence of alpha-activity and heart rate variability (HRV) were studied in students with different performance levels in logical tasks. In those students who reached high scores in the cognitive tests, we observed higher lability of alpha-activity and HRV; the values and their ratios varied among the stages of intellectual activity. In these subjects, a decrease in the spectral power of alpha-band was more pronounced than in other groups. We also observed changes in the interhemispheric coherence and in the structure of coherent interactions in the alpha-range at different stages of task performance. In contrast, the number and structure of coherent interactions in individuals who showed lower results did not significantly vary at different stages of task performance. As compared with this group, the students with higher test results showed a more pronounced decrease in the total spectral power (TP) and an increase in the low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF) ratio which returned to the initial level after the end of the tests. In students with better results in these cognitive tests, the dynamics of RRNN, TP, HF, and LF/H F during task performance correlated with the dynamics of interhemispherical alpha-band coherence." ], "offsets": [ [ 100, 1365 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "623370_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Presidential address: Gastrointestinal cancer. Surgical survey of abdominal tragedy." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 84 ] ] }, { "id": "623370_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The experience with gastrointestinal cancer at a single large hospital has been utilized as a \"micro-model\" of the experience for the country at large, and the reasons why such a comparison might be possible have been presented. The incidence of various lesions has been discussed in terms of sex, age, and race. The changing incidence of various lesions has been pointed out. Survival results have been determined for total series, for various types of operative procedures, and for various extents of disease. The comparability of survival results from this one institution and those collected from the literature have been discussed. The emergence of newer diagnostic and therapeutic measures has been highlighted. The importance of education of both patients and physicians is emphasized repeatedly by the late stage at which so many of the patients with any gastrointestinal cancer present to and are diagnosed by the physician. The educational task for all of medicine is apparent and must be faced in some effective fashion." ], "offsets": [ [ 85, 1116 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "623370_MESH:D004067_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Gastrointestinal cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 22, 45 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004067" } ] }, { "id": "623370_MESH:D004067_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gastrointestinal cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 105, 128 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004067" } ] }, { "id": "623370_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 839, 847 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "623370_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 930, 938 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "623370_MESH:D004067_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gastrointestinal cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 948, 971 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004067" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9063412_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Human severe combined immunodeficiency: genetic, phenotypic, and functional diversity in one hundred eight infants." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 115 ] ] }, { "id": "9063412_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: To determine the relative frequencies of the different genetic forms of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) and whether there are distinctive characteristics of the particular genotypes. STUDY DESIGN: The demographic, genetic, and immunologic features of 108 infants with SCID who were treated consecutively at Duke University Medical Center were analyzed. RESULTS: Eighty-nine subjects were boys and 19 were girls; there were 84 white infants, 16 black infants, and 8 Hispanic infants. Forty-nine had X-linked SCID with mutations of common cytokine receptor gamma chain (gamma c), 16 had adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency, 8 had Janus kinase 3 (Jak3) deficiency, 21 had unknown autosomal recessive mutations, 1 had reticular dysgenesis, 1 had cartilage hair hypoplasia, and 12 (all boys) had SCID of undetermined type. Deficiency of ADA caused the most profound lymphopenia; gamma c or Jak3 deficiency resulted in the most B cells and fewest natural killer (NK) cells; NK cells and function were highest in autosomal recessive and unknown types of SCID. CONCLUSIONS: Different SCID genotypes are associated with distinctive lymphocyte characteristics. The presence of NK function in ADA-deficient, autosomal recessive, and unknown type SCIDs, and low NK function in a majority of gamma c and Jak3 SCIDs indicates that some molecular lesions affect T, B, and NK cells (gamma c and Jak3), others primarily T cells (ADA deficiency), and others just T and B cells." ], "offsets": [ [ 116, 1595 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "9063412_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Human" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 5 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_MESH:D016511_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "combined immunodeficiency" ], "offsets": [ [ 13, 38 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016511" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "infants" ], "offsets": [ [ 107, 114 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_MESH:D007153_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "immunodeficiency" ], "offsets": [ [ 215, 231 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007153" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_MESH:D053632_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SCID" ], "offsets": [ [ 233, 237 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D053632" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "infants" ], "offsets": [ [ 390, 397 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_MESH:D053632_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SCID" ], "offsets": [ [ 403, 407 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D053632" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "boys" ], "offsets": [ [ 523, 527 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "girls" ], "offsets": [ [ 540, 545 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "infants" ], "offsets": [ [ 567, 574 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "infants" ], "offsets": [ [ 585, 592 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "infants" ], "offsets": [ [ 609, 616 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_MESH:D053632_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "X-linked SCID" ], "offsets": [ [ 633, 646 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D053632" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_3561_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "gamma c" ], "offsets": [ [ 703, 710 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3561" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_100_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "adenosine deaminase" ], "offsets": [ [ 720, 739 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "100" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_100_15", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "ADA" ], "offsets": [ [ 741, 744 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "100" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_3718_16", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Janus kinase 3" ], "offsets": [ [ 764, 778 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3718" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_3718_17", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Jak3" ], "offsets": [ [ 780, 784 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3718" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_MESH:C535916_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cartilage hair hypoplasia" ], "offsets": [ [ 878, 903 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C535916" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_9606_19", "type": "Species", "text": [ "boys" ], "offsets": [ [ 917, 921 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_MESH:D053632_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SCID" ], "offsets": [ [ 927, 931 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D053632" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_MESH:C531816_21", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Deficiency of ADA" ], "offsets": [ [ 954, 971 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C531816" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_MESH:D008231_22", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lymphopenia" ], "offsets": [ [ 997, 1008 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008231" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_3561_23", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "gamma c" ], "offsets": [ [ 1010, 1017 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3561" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_3718_24", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Jak3" ], "offsets": [ [ 1021, 1025 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3718" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_MESH:D053632_25", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SCID" ], "offsets": [ [ 1183, 1187 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D053632" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_MESH:D053632_26", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SCID" ], "offsets": [ [ 1212, 1216 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D053632" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_MESH:C531816_27", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ADA-deficient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1318, 1331 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C531816" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_MESH:D053632_28", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SCIDs" ], "offsets": [ [ 1371, 1376 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D053632" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_3561_29", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "gamma c" ], "offsets": [ [ 1415, 1422 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3561" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_3718_30", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Jak3" ], "offsets": [ [ 1427, 1431 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3718" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_MESH:D053632_31", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SCIDs" ], "offsets": [ [ 1432, 1437 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D053632" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_3561_32", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "gamma c" ], "offsets": [ [ 1503, 1510 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3561" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_3718_33", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Jak3" ], "offsets": [ [ 1515, 1519 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3718" } ] }, { "id": "9063412_100_34", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "ADA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1548, 1551 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "100" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "4204413_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Male-female residence arrangements and political power in human hunter-gatherers." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 81 ] ] }, { "id": "4204413_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 82, 82 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "4204413_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 58, 63 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "28947473_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Emergence of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa during Treatment Is Mediated by a Single AmpC Structural Mutation." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 135 ] ] }, { "id": "28947473_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Ceftolozane-tazobactam is a cephalosporin-beta-lactamase inhibitor combination that exhibits potent in vitro activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including strains that are resistant to other beta-lactams. The emergence of ceftolozane-tazobactam resistance among clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa has rarely been described. Here we characterized ceftolozane-tazobactam-resistant P. aeruginosa strains recovered from a patient who was treated with this agent for 6 weeks for a recurrent wound infection. The results showed that the resistance was mediated by a single AmpC structural mutation." ], "offsets": [ [ 136, 733 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "28947473_MESH:C000594038_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Ceftolozane-Tazobactam" ], "offsets": [ [ 13, 35 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000594038" } ] }, { "id": "28947473_287_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Pseudomonas aeruginosa" ], "offsets": [ [ 46, 68 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "287" } ] }, { "id": "28947473_MESH:C000594038_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Ceftolozane-tazobactam" ], "offsets": [ [ 136, 158 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000594038" } ] }, { "id": "28947473_287_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Pseudomonas aeruginosa" ], "offsets": [ [ 262, 284 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "287" } ] }, { "id": "28947473_MESH:D047090_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "beta-lactams" ], "offsets": [ [ 332, 344 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D047090" } ] }, { "id": "28947473_MESH:C000594038_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ceftolozane-tazobactam" ], "offsets": [ [ 363, 385 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000594038" } ] }, { "id": "28947473_287_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "P. aeruginosa" ], "offsets": [ [ 424, 437 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "287" } ] }, { "id": "28947473_MESH:C000594038_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ceftolozane-tazobactam" ], "offsets": [ [ 487, 509 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000594038" } ] }, { "id": "28947473_287_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "P. aeruginosa" ], "offsets": [ [ 520, 533 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "287" } ] }, { "id": "28947473_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 559, 566 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "28947473_MESH:D007239_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 633, 642 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "25376088_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "SPAK dependent regulation of peptide transporters PEPT1 and PEPT2." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 66 ] ] }, { "id": "25376088_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND/AIMS: SPAK (STE20-related proline/alanine-rich kinase) is a powerful regulator of renal tubular ion transport and blood pressure. Moreover, SPAK contributes to the regulation of cell volume. Little is known, however, about a role of SPAK in the regulation or organic solutes. The present study thus addressed the influence of SPAK on the peptide transporters PEPT1 and PEPT2. METHODS: To this end, cRNA encoding PEPT1 or PEPT2 were injected into Xenopus laevis oocytes without or with additional injection of cRNA encoding wild-type, SPAK, WNK1 insensitive inactive (T233A)SPAK, constitutively active (T233E)SPAK, and catalytically inactive (D212A)SPAK. Electrogenic peptide (glycine-glycine) transport was determined by dual electrode voltage clamp and PEPT2 protein abundance in the cell membrane by chemiluminescence. Intestinal electrogenic peptide transport was estimated from peptide induced current in Ussing chamber experiments of jejunal segments isolated from gene targeted mice expressing SPAK resistant to WNK-dependent activation (spak(tg/tg)) and respective wild-type mice (spak(+/+)). RESULTS: In PEPT1 and in PEPT2 expressing oocytes, but not in oocytes injected with water, the dipeptide gly-gly (2 mM) generated an inward current, which was significantly decreased following coexpression of SPAK. The effect of SPAK on PEPT1 was mimicked by (T233E)SPAK, but not by (D212A)SPAK or (T233A)SPAK. SPAK decreased maximal peptide induced current of PEPT1. Moreover, SPAK decreased carrier protein abundance in the cell membrane of PEPT2 expressing oocytes. In intestinal segments gly-gly generated a current, which was significantly higher in spak(tg/tg) than in spak(+/+) mice. CONCLUSION: SPAK is a powerful regulator of peptide transporters PEPT1 and PEPT2." ], "offsets": [ [ 67, 1850 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "25376088_53416_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SPAK" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 4 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "53416" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_56643_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PEPT1" ], "offsets": [ [ 50, 55 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "56643" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_57738_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PEPT2" ], "offsets": [ [ 60, 65 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "57738" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_53416_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SPAK" ], "offsets": [ [ 84, 88 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "53416" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_223255_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "STE20" ], "offsets": [ [ 90, 95 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "223255" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_53416_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SPAK" ], "offsets": [ [ 218, 222 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "53416" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_53416_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SPAK" ], "offsets": [ [ 311, 315 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "53416" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_53416_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SPAK" ], "offsets": [ [ 404, 408 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "53416" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_56643_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PEPT1" ], "offsets": [ [ 437, 442 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "56643" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_57738_9", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PEPT2" ], "offsets": [ [ 447, 452 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "57738" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_108707537_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PEPT1" ], "offsets": [ [ 490, 495 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "108707537" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_380090_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PEPT2" ], "offsets": [ [ 499, 504 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "380090" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_8355_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Xenopus laevis" ], "offsets": [ [ 524, 538 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "8355" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_446749_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SPAK" ], "offsets": [ [ 612, 616 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "446749" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_733420_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "WNK1" ], "offsets": [ [ 618, 622 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "733420" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_tmVar:c|SUB|T|233|A;HGVS:c.233T>A;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:27347_15", "type": "DNAMutation", "text": [ "T233A" ], "offsets": [ [ 645, 650 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:c|SUB|T|233|A;HGVS:c.233T>A;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:27347" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_446749_16", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SPAK" ], "offsets": [ [ 651, 655 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "446749" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_tmVar:p|SUB|T|233|E;HGVS:p.T233E;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:27347_17", "type": "ProteinMutation", "text": [ "T233E" ], "offsets": [ [ 680, 685 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:p|SUB|T|233|E;HGVS:p.T233E;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:27347" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_446749_18", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SPAK" ], "offsets": [ [ 686, 690 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "446749" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_tmVar:p|SUB|D|212|A;HGVS:p.D212A;VariantGroup:1;CorrespondingGene:27347_19", "type": "ProteinMutation", "text": [ "D212A" ], "offsets": [ [ 720, 725 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:p|SUB|D|212|A;HGVS:p.D212A;VariantGroup:1;CorrespondingGene:27347" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_446749_20", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SPAK" ], "offsets": [ [ 726, 730 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "446749" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_tmVar:p|SUB|G||G;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:27347_21", "type": "ProteinMutation", "text": [ "glycine-glycine" ], "offsets": [ [ 754, 769 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:p|SUB|G||G;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:27347" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_380090_22", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PEPT2" ], "offsets": [ [ 832, 837 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "380090" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_10090_23", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 1062, 1066 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_53416_24", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SPAK" ], "offsets": [ [ 1078, 1082 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "53416" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_53416_25", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "spak" ], "offsets": [ [ 1122, 1126 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "53416" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_10090_26", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 1160, 1164 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_53416_27", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "spak" ], "offsets": [ [ 1166, 1170 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "53416" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_56643_28", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PEPT1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1190, 1195 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "56643" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_57738_29", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PEPT2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1203, 1208 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "57738" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_MESH:D014867_30", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 1262, 1267 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_MESH:D004151_31", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dipeptide" ], "offsets": [ [ 1273, 1282 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004151" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_-_32", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "gly-gly" ], "offsets": [ [ 1283, 1290 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_53416_33", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SPAK" ], "offsets": [ [ 1387, 1391 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "53416" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_53416_34", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SPAK" ], "offsets": [ [ 1407, 1411 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "53416" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_56643_35", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PEPT1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1415, 1420 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "56643" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_tmVar:p|SUB|T|233|E;HGVS:p.T233E;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:27347_36", "type": "ProteinMutation", "text": [ "T233E" ], "offsets": [ [ 1438, 1443 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:p|SUB|T|233|E;HGVS:p.T233E;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:27347" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_53416_37", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SPAK" ], "offsets": [ [ 1444, 1448 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "53416" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_tmVar:p|SUB|D|212|A;HGVS:p.D212A;VariantGroup:1;CorrespondingGene:27347_38", "type": "ProteinMutation", "text": [ "D212A" ], "offsets": [ [ 1462, 1467 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:p|SUB|D|212|A;HGVS:p.D212A;VariantGroup:1;CorrespondingGene:27347" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_53416_39", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SPAK" ], "offsets": [ [ 1468, 1472 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "53416" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_tmVar:c|SUB|T|233|A;HGVS:c.233T>A;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:27347_40", "type": "DNAMutation", "text": [ "T233A" ], "offsets": [ [ 1477, 1482 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:c|SUB|T|233|A;HGVS:c.233T>A;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:27347" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_53416_41", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SPAK" ], "offsets": [ [ 1483, 1487 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "53416" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_53416_42", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SPAK" ], "offsets": [ [ 1489, 1493 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "53416" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_56643_43", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PEPT1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1539, 1544 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "56643" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_53416_44", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SPAK" ], "offsets": [ [ 1556, 1560 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "53416" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_57738_45", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PEPT2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1621, 1626 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "57738" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_-_46", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "gly-gly" ], "offsets": [ [ 1670, 1677 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_53416_47", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "spak" ], "offsets": [ [ 1733, 1737 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "53416" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_53416_48", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "spak" ], "offsets": [ [ 1753, 1757 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "53416" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_10090_49", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 1763, 1767 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_53416_50", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "SPAK" ], "offsets": [ [ 1781, 1785 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "53416" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_56643_51", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PEPT1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1834, 1839 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "56643" } ] }, { "id": "25376088_57738_52", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PEPT2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1844, 1849 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "57738" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20653586_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "An 11-year-old female with altered mental status, speech changes, and abnormal jerking movements." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 97 ] ] }, { "id": "20653586_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 98, 98 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "20653586_10238_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "An 11" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 5 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "10238" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "28533654_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "PSMA Expression in Multinodular Thyroid Neoplasm on Simultaneous Ga-68-PSMA PET/MRI." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 84 ] ] }, { "id": "28533654_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "PSMA PET is increasingly being used in imaging of recurrent prostate carcinoma. A case with suspected recurrent Prostate carcinoma (PCa), raised PSA (Prostate specific antigen) and suspected spinal metastases was referred for whole body Ga-68-PSMA PET/MRI. The study revealed PSMA avid recurrent prostate mass and extensive osseous metastases. Abnormal PSMA uptake in the thyroid gland prompted USG-guided FNAC which revealed Hurthle cell neoplasm. Histopathological examination (HPE) of excised gland showed multiple Hurthle cell adenomas in both lobes of thyroid along with foci of papillary thyroid carcinoma which on immunohistochemistry were thyroglobulin positive and PSA negative." ], "offsets": [ [ 85, 772 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "28533654_2346_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PSMA" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 4 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2346" } ] }, { "id": "28533654_MESH:D013964_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Multinodular Thyroid Neoplasm" ], "offsets": [ [ 19, 48 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013964" } ] }, { "id": "28533654_2346_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PSMA" ], "offsets": [ [ 71, 75 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2346" } ] }, { "id": "28533654_2346_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PSMA" ], "offsets": [ [ 85, 89 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2346" } ] }, { "id": "28533654_MESH:D011471_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "prostate carcinoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 145, 163 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011471" } ] }, { "id": "28533654_MESH:D011471_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Prostate carcinoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 197, 215 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011471" } ] }, { "id": "28533654_MESH:D011471_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PCa" ], "offsets": [ [ 217, 220 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011471" } ] }, { "id": "28533654_354_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Prostate specific antigen" ], "offsets": [ [ 235, 260 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "354" } ] }, { "id": "28533654_MESH:D009362_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "metastases" ], "offsets": [ [ 283, 293 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009362" } ] }, { "id": "28533654_MESH:C000615430_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Ga-68" ], "offsets": [ [ 322, 327 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000615430" } ] }, { "id": "28533654_2346_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PSMA" ], "offsets": [ [ 328, 332 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2346" } ] }, { "id": "28533654_2346_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PSMA" ], "offsets": [ [ 361, 365 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2346" } ] }, { "id": "28533654_MESH:D009362_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "osseous metastases" ], "offsets": [ [ 409, 427 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009362" } ] }, { "id": "28533654_2346_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PSMA" ], "offsets": [ [ 438, 442 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2346" } ] }, { "id": "28533654_MESH:D009369_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "neoplasm" ], "offsets": [ [ 524, 532 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "28533654_MESH:D000236_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "adenomas" ], "offsets": [ [ 616, 624 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000236" } ] }, { "id": "28533654_MESH:D000077273_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "papillary thyroid carcinoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 669, 696 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077273" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "15129883_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Interpreting differences in quality of life: the FACT-H&N in laryngeal cancer patients." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 87 ] ] }, { "id": "15129883_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "UNLABELLED: Quality of life (QOL) scores can be difficult to interpret, because small statistically significant differences can be clinically unimportant. Our goal was to estimate the magnitude of difference in QOL that is noticeable to patients. METHODS: Laryngeal cancer patients (n = 98, male = 83%, mean age = 65) completed a QOL questionnaire, FACT-H&N. Paired participants rated their own QOL as compared to each other. We estimated the smallest difference in QOL score that was associated with a noticeable difference in patients' subjective ratings. RESULTS: Differences in FACT-H&N score were somewhat correlated with patients' ratings of their well-being relative to other patients (r = 0.195, p < 0.0001). The FACT-H&N score had to differ by 6.22 for patients to rate themselves as 'a little bit better' relative to other patients (95% CI: 1.42-11.02), and by 12.40 for patients to rate themselves as 'a little bit worse' relative to others (95% CI: 5.09-19.71). Results were consistent regardless of patient age, gender or laryngeal subsite but were imperfect predictors of individual judgements. CONCLUSION: The minimal important difference for the FACT-H&N score is about 6-12 units, but laryngeal cancer survivors may be more sensitive to gains than losses." ], "offsets": [ [ 88, 1360 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "15129883_MESH:D009369_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 71, 77 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "15129883_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 78, 86 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15129883_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 325, 333 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15129883_MESH:D009369_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 354, 360 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "15129883_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 361, 369 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15129883_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "participants" ], "offsets": [ [ 454, 466 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15129883_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 616, 624 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15129883_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 715, 723 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15129883_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 771, 779 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15129883_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 850, 858 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15129883_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 921, 929 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15129883_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 969, 977 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15129883_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1100, 1107 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15129883_MESH:D009369_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1300, 1306 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "24663419_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Elasto-optic effect anisotropy in strontium borate crystals." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 60 ] ] }, { "id": "24663419_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The anisotropy of piezo- and elasto-optic effects in strontium borate crystals was studied by the indicative surfaces method. The geometry of acousto-optic interaction with maximum efficiency was found on the basis of the surface maxima of the elasto-optic effect." ], "offsets": [ [ 61, 325 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "24663419_MESH:C543851_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "strontium borate" ], "offsets": [ [ 34, 50 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C543851" } ] }, { "id": "24663419_MESH:C543851_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "strontium borate" ], "offsets": [ [ 114, 130 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C543851" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "11534987_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The role of neurosteroids and nongenomic effects of progestins in the ventral tegmental area in mediating sexual receptivity of rodents." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 136 ] ] }, { "id": "11534987_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Progesterone (P(4)) in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) and ventral tegmental (VTA) is important for facilitation of lordosis; however, P(4)'s actions in these brain areas are different. Using lordosis in rodents as in vivo experimental models, we have examined the effects progestins exert in the midbrain and hypothalamus. Localization and blocker studies indicate that P(4)'s actions in the VMH require intracellular progestin receptors (PRs) but in the VTA they do not. Progestins that have rapid, membrane effects, and/or are devoid of affinity for PRs, facilitate lordosis when applied to the VTA. Manipulation of GABA and/or GABA(A)/benzodiazepine receptor complexes (GBRs) in the VTA alter lordosis, which suggests that progestins may interact with GBRs to facilitate receptivity by enhancing the function of GABAergic neurons. Interfering with P(4)'s metabolism to 5 alpha-pregnan-3 alpha-ol-20-one (3 alpha,5 alpha-THP), the most effective endogenous positive modulator of GBRs, or the biosynthesis of the neurosteroid 3 alpha,5 alpha-THP in the VTA attenuates female sexual behavior in rodents. Stimulation of mitochondrial benzodiazepine receptors (MBRs), which enhance neurosteroid production, by infusions of a MBR agonist to the VTA enhances lordosis. 3 alpha,5 alpha-THP is increased in the midbrain of mated > proestrous > diestrous rodents. These data suggest that 3 alpha,5 alpha-THP has a proximate modulatory role on lordosis. In summary, the actions of P(4) in the VTA are different from those in the VMH that involve PRs. In the VTA, P(4) may facilitate lordosis following metabolism to and/or biosynthesis of 3 alpha,5 alpha-THP, which may have subsequent actions at GBRs and/or MBRs to acutely modulate female sexual behavior in rodents." ], "offsets": [ [ 137, 1902 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "11534987_MESH:D011374_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Progesterone" ], "offsets": [ [ 137, 149 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011374" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_MESH:C015586_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "P(4)" ], "offsets": [ [ 151, 155 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C015586" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_MESH:D007029_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypothalamus" ], "offsets": [ [ 177, 189 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007029" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_MESH:D008141_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lordosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 257, 265 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008141" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_MESH:D008141_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lordosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 333, 341 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008141" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_MESH:D007029_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypothalamus" ], "offsets": [ [ 451, 463 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007029" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_MESH:D008141_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lordosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 710, 718 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008141" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_MESH:D005680_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "GABA" ], "offsets": [ [ 760, 764 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005680" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_MESH:D005680_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "GABA" ], "offsets": [ [ 772, 776 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005680" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_MESH:D001569_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "benzodiazepine" ], "offsets": [ [ 780, 794 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001569" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_MESH:D008141_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lordosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 838, 846 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008141" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_-_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "GBRs" ], "offsets": [ [ 897, 901 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_-_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "5 alpha-pregnan-3 alpha-ol-20-one" ], "offsets": [ [ 1014, 1047 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_-_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "3 alpha,5 alpha-THP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1049, 1068 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_-_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "GBRs" ], "offsets": [ [ 1123, 1127 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_-_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "3 alpha,5 alpha-THP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1169, 1188 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_MESH:D001569_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "benzodiazepine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1275, 1289 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001569" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_MESH:D008141_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lordosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1397, 1405 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008141" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_-_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "3 alpha,5 alpha-THP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1407, 1426 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_-_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "3 alpha,5 alpha-THP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1523, 1542 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_MESH:D008141_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lordosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1578, 1586 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008141" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_MESH:C015586_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "P(4)" ], "offsets": [ [ 1615, 1619 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C015586" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_MESH:D010758_22", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "P" ], "offsets": [ [ 1697, 1698 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010758" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_MESH:D008141_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lordosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1717, 1725 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008141" } ] }, { "id": "11534987_-_24", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "3 alpha,5 alpha-THP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1773, 1792 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "28746868_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "DDX6 Represses Aberrant Activation of Interferon-Stimulated Genes." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 66 ] ] }, { "id": "28746868_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The innate immune system tightly regulates activation of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) to avoid inappropriate expression. Pathological ISG activation resulting from aberrant nucleic acid metabolism has been implicated in autoimmune disease; however, the mechanisms governing ISG suppression are unknown. Through a genome-wide genetic screen, we identified DEAD-box helicase 6 (DDX6) as a suppressor of ISGs. Genetic ablation of DDX6 induced global upregulation of ISGs and other immune genes. ISG upregulation proved cell intrinsic, imposing an antiviral state and making cells refractory to divergent families of RNA viruses. Epistatic analysis revealed that ISG activation could not be overcome by deletion of canonical RNA sensors. However, DDX6 deficiency was suppressed by disrupting LSM1, a core component of mRNA degradation machinery, suggesting that dysregulation of RNA processing underlies ISG activation in the DDX6 mutant. DDX6 is distinct among DExD/H helicases that regulate the antiviral response in its singular ability to negatively regulate immunity." ], "offsets": [ [ 67, 1141 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "28746868_1656_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "DDX6" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 4 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1656" } ] }, { "id": "28746868_1656_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "DEAD-box helicase 6" ], "offsets": [ [ 428, 447 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1656" } ] }, { "id": "28746868_1656_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "DDX6" ], "offsets": [ [ 449, 453 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1656" } ] }, { "id": "28746868_1656_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "DDX6" ], "offsets": [ [ 500, 504 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1656" } ] }, { "id": "28746868_1656_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "DDX6" ], "offsets": [ [ 816, 820 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1656" } ] }, { "id": "28746868_27257_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "LSM1" ], "offsets": [ [ 861, 865 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "27257" } ] }, { "id": "28746868_1656_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "DDX6" ], "offsets": [ [ 995, 999 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1656" } ] }, { "id": "28746868_1656_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "DDX6" ], "offsets": [ [ 1008, 1012 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1656" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6138893_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "In vivo binding and effects of concanavalin A (Con A) on rat and mouse pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 123 ] ] }, { "id": "6138893_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The binding and effects of inhaled or infused concanavalin A (Con A) preparations on rat and mouse pulmonary alveolar epithelium and macrophages were studied by a number of light- and electron-microscopical techniques. In comparison with BSA, inhaled Con A persisted considerably longer in the lung indicating the presence of Con A-receptors and mechanisms which prevent its rapid removal. In the lung periphery ferritin-labeled Con A was bound to type I and II pneumonocytes and macrophages. The density of binding sites was greater on type II than type I pneumonocytes. Within the time studied (up to 2 h) comparatively small amounts of the lectin were incorporated by endocytosis into the alveolar epithelium. The pulmonary macrophages bound and incorporated massive amounts of the lectin by endocytosis within 15 min. High doses of Con A lead to morphological deformation of the apical cytoplasmic zone of type II pneumonocytes and to a partial or complete collapse of the alveolar lumen. The possibility that the lectin may suppress surfactant secretion is discussed." ], "offsets": [ [ 124, 1196 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "6138893_10116_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 57, 60 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "6138893_10090_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 65, 70 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "6138893_10116_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 209, 212 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "6138893_10090_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 217, 222 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "6138893_MESH:D016532_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "type II pneumonocytes" ], "offsets": [ [ 1034, 1055 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016532" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "1932912_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Communicable diseases other than AIDS." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 38 ] ] }, { "id": "1932912_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 39, 39 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "1932912_MESH:D000163_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AIDS" ], "offsets": [ [ 33, 37 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000163" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7221599_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The human impact of colonization and parasite infestation in subtropical lowlands of Bolivia." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 93 ] ] }, { "id": "7221599_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 94, 94 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "7221599_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 4, 9 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "8821223_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Managing patients with deliberate self harm admitted to an accident and emergency observation ward." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 99 ] ] }, { "id": "8821223_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: To review the case records of patients admitted to an accident and emergency (A&E) observation ward following deliberate self harm. METHODS: The hospital notes of 568 patients admitted during one year following episodes of deliberate self harm were reviewed. The study was retrospective. RESULTS: The majority of these patients had taken an overdose and were between 18 and 35 years of age. Most patients were admitted to the observation ward after midnight or in the evening and were subsequently managed by an A&E based deliberate self harm team. Only 20% of admissions required evaluation by a psychiatrist. Most patients were discharged the next day without further follow up. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a specialised A&E based team and an A&E observation ward is appropriate for the management of many deliberate self harm patients." ], "offsets": [ [ 100, 945 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "8821223_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 9, 17 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8821223_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 141, 149 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8821223_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 278, 286 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8821223_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 430, 438 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8821223_MESH:D062787_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "overdose" ], "offsets": [ [ 452, 460 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D062787" } ] }, { "id": "8821223_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 507, 515 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8821223_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 727, 735 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8821223_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 936, 944 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "24796639_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Woman with facial hypertrichosis]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 35 ] ] }, { "id": "24796639_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 36, 36 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "24796639_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Woman" ], "offsets": [ [ 1, 6 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "24796639_MESH:C565029_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "facial hypertrichosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 12, 33 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C565029" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "15049258_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Correction of high myopia with anterior chamber angle-supported phakic intraocular lenses--own results]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 105 ] ] }, { "id": "15049258_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "PURPOSE: To evaluate the early results: predictability, efficacy and safety of implanting new model of anterior chamber IOL for high myopia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: ICARE myopia lens (Corneal) was implanted in 20 eyes of 12 patients with preoperative myopia that ranged from -10 D to 23.5 D. Mean patient age was 32.3 years. The follow-up period was 6 months. The desired outcome was emmetropia. RESULTS: Eighteen eyes (85%) had a postoperative refraction at the last follow-up examination in a range +/- 1.0 D of emmetropia. The postoperative refraction remained stable during the entire follow-up period. Mean visual acuity before surgery, corrected with spectacle improved from 0.5 to 0.68 postoperatively without glasses in 3 months time. There was no loss in visual acuity after operation. We didn't encounter major complications. Mean endothelial cell density reduction was 3.2% in our 3 months study. CONCLUSIONS: Implantation of ICARE myopia lens to correct high myopia resulted in a stable and predictable refractive outcome. Further investigation is necessary to evaluate long-term stability and safety of this procedure." ], "offsets": [ [ 106, 1235 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "15049258_MESH:D009216_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myopia" ], "offsets": [ [ 20, 26 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009216" } ] }, { "id": "15049258_MESH:D009798_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "intraocular" ], "offsets": [ [ 72, 83 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009798" } ] }, { "id": "15049258_MESH:D009216_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "high myopia" ], "offsets": [ [ 234, 245 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009216" } ] }, { "id": "15049258_MESH:D007905_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ICARE myopia lens" ], "offsets": [ [ 269, 286 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007905" } ] }, { "id": "15049258_MESH:D003316_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Corneal" ], "offsets": [ [ 288, 295 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003316" } ] }, { "id": "15049258_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 328, 336 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15049258_MESH:D009216_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myopia" ], "offsets": [ [ 355, 361 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009216" } ] }, { "id": "15049258_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 401, 408 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15049258_MESH:D014786_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "visual acuity" ], "offsets": [ [ 716, 729 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014786" } ] }, { "id": "15049258_MESH:D014786_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "visual acuity" ], "offsets": [ [ 868, 881 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014786" } ] }, { "id": "15049258_MESH:D009216_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ICARE myopia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1041, 1053 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009216" } ] }, { "id": "15049258_MESH:D009216_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "myopia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1075, 1081 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009216" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "28738766_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Molecular Dynamics and Biological Evaluation of 2-chloro-7-cyclopentyl- 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine Derivatives Against Breast Cancer." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 134 ] ] }, { "id": "28738766_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "AIM AND OBJECTIVE: Inspired by the impressive biological properties of pyrrolo[2,3- d]pyrimidine units, the objective of this study was to synthesize some new derivatives of heterocyclic compounds with different substituent's using solvent-free microwave irradiation conditions from readily available starting material. The synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer activities and theoretical molecular docking studies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Structural elucidation of the synthesized compounds was determined on the basis of various spectroscopic methods. Synthesized compounds have been evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity (MIC) against various microbial strains. After the primary screening, synthesised compounds are further studied for anti-oxidant activity using DPPH assay method, anticancer activity against MCF-7 cell line using MTT assay and molecular docking studies. Moreover, molecular dynamics and simulation was done for best compound using GROMACS. RESULTS: A series of 2-chloro-7-cyclopentyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives 6(a-f), 7(a-c) and 8(a-c) were synthesised using solvent-free microwave irradiation technique. Among all the synthesized compounds, compounds 6e (51.35 mug/mL) and 6f (60.14 microg/mL) showed better activity profile against MCF-7 cell line for breast cancer activity. Compounds 6f and 6d have shown potent antibacterial activity against most of the employed strains, especially against S. pneumoniae, B. cerus and S. aureus. Compound 7a (52.21 microg/mL) showed high potential activity for antioxidant using DPPH assay. Molecular docking study showed good binding of these compounds to the active site of ER- alpha with binding energy ranging from -7.12 kcal/mol to -1.21 kcal/mol. Furthermore, molecular dynamics and simulation was conducted for best pose interacted compound 6e with active site of protein to study its stability and behaviour in nanoscale. CONCLUSION: The present research work is intended for facile and efficient green synthesis of various biologically useful potent bio-active molecules from inexpensive and readily available starting substrates under mild reaction condition. These classes of synthesized various heterocyclic compounds holds a great importance to discover newer anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer drugs in future prospects. Further structural modification in these structures will be of interest and may result in compounds having a better therapeutic and biological activity. Hence, this efficient green synthetic protocol and biological results of newly synthesized heterocyclic derivatives are found to be interesting lead molecules for bioactivity in the near future. It could be considered for investigation of their mode of action and for further development." ], "offsets": [ [ 135, 2969 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "28738766_-_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "2-chloro-7-cyclopentyl- 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine" ], "offsets": [ [ 48, 99 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "28738766_MESH:D001943_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Breast Cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 120, 133 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "28738766_MESH:C450639_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "pyrrolo[2,3- d]pyrimidine" ], "offsets": [ [ 206, 231 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C450639" } ] }, { "id": "28738766_MESH:D009369_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 549, 555 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "28738766_MESH:C004931_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DPPH" ], "offsets": [ [ 974, 978 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C004931" } ] }, { "id": "28738766_CVCL_0031;NCBITaxID:9606_5", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "MCF-7" ], "offsets": [ [ 1021, 1026 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL_0031;NCBITaxID:9606" } ] }, { "id": "28738766_MESH:C070243_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "MTT" ], "offsets": [ [ 1043, 1046 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C070243" } ] }, { "id": "28738766_-_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "2-chloro-7-cyclopentyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1191, 1241 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "28738766_CVCL_0031;NCBITaxID:9606_8", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "MCF-7" ], "offsets": [ [ 1478, 1483 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL_0031;NCBITaxID:9606" } ] }, { "id": "28738766_MESH:D001943_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1498, 1511 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "28738766_1313_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "S. pneumoniae" ], "offsets": [ [ 1640, 1653 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1313" } ] }, { "id": "28738766_1280_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "S. aureus" ], "offsets": [ [ 1668, 1677 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1280" } ] }, { "id": "28738766_MESH:C004931_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DPPH" ], "offsets": [ [ 1762, 1766 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C004931" } ] }, { "id": "28738766_2099_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "ER- alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 1859, 1868 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2099" } ] }, { "id": "28738766_MESH:D009369_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 2494, 2500 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20538354_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Effects of cadmium on anaerobic energy metabolism and mRNA expression during air exposure and recovery of an intertidal mollusk Crassostrea virginica." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 150 ] ] }, { "id": "20538354_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Marine organisms are exposed to periodical oxygen deficiency and pollution stress in estuarine and coastal zones which may strongly affect their performance and survival. We studied the combined effects of exposure to a common pollutant, cadmium (Cd), and intermittent anoxia on anaerobic metabolism, energy status and mRNA expression of 13 genes involved in and/or controlled by the hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway in hepatopancreas of an intertidal bivalve, the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica. In control oysters, prolonged anoxia resulted in a selective suppression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and upregulation of cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV (COX4) while the levels of other transcripts remained unchanged. During post-anoxic recovery, mRNA expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) was elevated, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), NOS and LON protease suppressed, and mRNA expression of other studied genes not changed. Notably, most of the key glycolytic genes that are stimulated by HIF-1 in mammals, either remained unchanged or were downregulated in anoxic oysters suggesting a different mechanism of molecular response to oxygen deficiency. Patterns of transcriptional response during anoxia and reoxygenation were significantly altered by Cd exposure in a gene-specific manner. Anaerobic metabolism (indicated by accumulation of l-alanine, succinate and acetate during anoxia) was also suppressed in Cd-exposed oysters. In control oysters, ATP turnover rate (M(ATP)) during anoxia was mostly sustained by anaerobic glycolysis with negligible contributions from ATP and PLA breakdown. In contrast, in Cd-exposed oysters ATP breakdown contributed significantly to anaerobic M(ATP). Thus, while control oysters could efficiently defend the ATP levels and tissue energy status during prolonged anoxia, Cd-exposed oysters experienced a disturbance in tissue energy balance indicated by the depletion of ATP, a rapid decline in adenylate energy charge and increase in ADP/ATP ratios. This energy deficiency combined with suppression of anaerobic metabolism may strongly affect performance and survival of oysters in polluted estuaries where metal pollution may co-occur with \"dead zones\"." ], "offsets": [ [ 151, 2392 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "20538354_MESH:D002104_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cadmium" ], "offsets": [ [ 11, 18 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002104" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_6565_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Crassostrea virginica" ], "offsets": [ [ 128, 149 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "6565" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D010100_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 194, 200 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000079225_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "deficiency and pollution stress" ], "offsets": [ [ 201, 232 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000079225" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D002104_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cadmium" ], "offsets": [ [ 389, 396 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002104" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D002104_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Cd" ], "offsets": [ [ 398, 400 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002104" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000860_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anoxia" ], "offsets": [ [ 420, 426 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000860" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000860_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypoxia" ], "offsets": [ [ 535, 542 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000860" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_6565_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "eastern oyster" ], "offsets": [ [ 626, 640 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "6565" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_6565_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Crassostrea virginica" ], "offsets": [ [ 641, 662 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "6565" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000860_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anoxia" ], "offsets": [ [ 694, 700 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000860" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D009569_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nitric oxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 740, 752 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009569" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000860_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypoxia" ], "offsets": [ [ 933, 940 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000860" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000860_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "oxygen deficiency" ], "offsets": [ [ 1331, 1348 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000860" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000860_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anoxia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1394, 1400 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000860" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D002104_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Cd" ], "offsets": [ [ 1449, 1451 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002104" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000409_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "l-alanine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1539, 1548 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000409" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D019802_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "succinate" ], "offsets": [ [ 1550, 1559 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019802" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000085_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "acetate" ], "offsets": [ [ 1564, 1571 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000085" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000860_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anoxia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1579, 1585 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000860" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D002104_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Cd" ], "offsets": [ [ 1610, 1612 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002104" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000255_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ATP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1650, 1653 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000255" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000255_22", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ATP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1671, 1674 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000255" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000860_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anoxia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1684, 1690 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000860" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000255_24", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ATP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1771, 1774 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000255" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D002104_25", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Cd" ], "offsets": [ [ 1810, 1812 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002104" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000255_26", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ATP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1829, 1832 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000255" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000255_27", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ATP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1884, 1887 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000255" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000255_28", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ATP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1947, 1950 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000255" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000860_29", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anoxia" ], "offsets": [ [ 2000, 2006 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000860" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D002104_30", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Cd" ], "offsets": [ [ 2008, 2010 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002104" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000255_31", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ATP" ], "offsets": [ [ 2108, 2111 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000255" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000244_32", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ADP" ], "offsets": [ [ 2172, 2175 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000244" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D000255_33", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ATP" ], "offsets": [ [ 2176, 2179 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000255" } ] }, { "id": "20538354_MESH:D008670_34", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "metal" ], "offsets": [ [ 2345, 2350 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008670" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "26882534_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The Patient-Centered Medical Home and Associations With Health Care Quality and Utilization: A 5-Year Cohort Study." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 115 ] ] }, { "id": "26882534_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Effects of the patient-centered medical home (PCMH) are unclear. Previous studies had relatively short follow-up and may not have distinguished effects of the PCMH (which involves electronic health records [EHRs] plus organizational changes) from those of EHRs alone. OBJECTIVE: To determine effects of the PCMH on health care quality and utilization compared with paper records alone and EHRs alone, with extended follow-up. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study (2008 to 2012), including 3 years after PCMH implementation. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00793065). SETTING: The Hudson Valley, a multipayer, multiprovider region in New York. PARTICIPANTS: 438 primary care physicians in 226 practices, with 136 480 patients across 5 health plans. INTERVENTION: Level III PCMH, as defined by the National Committee for Quality Assurance. MEASUREMENTS: Claims-based outcomes included 8 quality and 7 utilization measures. Generalized estimating equations were used to compare adjusted differences in rates of change across study groups. RESULTS: Patterns of quality were fairly similar across groups. Utilization patterns were similar across groups from 2008 to 2011 but showed modest differences between the PCMH and control groups on most measures in 2012. For example, hospitalizations were relatively stable from 2008 to 2011 (approximately 3.9 to 5.2 per 100 patients per year) but decreased in the PCMH group in 2012 (incidence rate ratio, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.69 to 0.90] compared with paper records). Emergency department visits were highest for the PCMH group (16.7 per 100 patients at baseline and 15.4 per 100 patients at the end of the study period) and lowest for the paper group (14.3 per 100 patients at baseline and 12.2 per 100 patients at the end of the study period), but the rate of change did not differ across groups. LIMITATION: Possible unmeasured confounding. CONCLUSION: The PCMH was associated with modest changes in most utilization measures and provided similar quality compared with EHRs and paper records. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: The Commonwealth Fund and the New York State Department of Health." ], "offsets": [ [ 116, 2237 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "26882534_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 4, 11 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26882534_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 143, 150 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26882534_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "PARTICIPANTS" ], "offsets": [ [ 759, 771 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26882534_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 832, 840 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26882534_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1479, 1487 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26882534_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1693, 1701 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26882534_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1731, 1739 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26882534_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1817, 1825 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26882534_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1855, 1863 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "28983746_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Performance of Granular Starch with Controlled Pore Size during Hydrolysis with Digestive Enzymes." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 98 ] ] }, { "id": "28983746_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Studies on porous starch have been directed to explore different industrial applications as bio-adsorbents of a variety of compounds. However, the analysis of starch digestibility is essential for food application. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of porous structure on in vitro starch digestibility. Porous starches were obtained using a range of concentrations of amyloglucosidase (AMG), alpha-amylase (AM), cyclodextrin-glycosyltransferase (CGTase) or branching enzyme (BE). Porous starches exhibited major content of digestible starch (DS) that increased with the intensity of the enzymatic treatment, and very low amount of resistant starch (RS). Porous starches behaved differently during in vitro hydrolysis depending on their enzymatic treatment. AMG was the unique treatment that increased the digestive amylolysis and estimated glycemic index, whereas AM, CGTase and BE reduced them. A significant relationship was found between the pore size and the severity of the amylolysis, suggesting that a specific pore size is required for the accessibility of the digestive amylase. Therefore, pore size in the starch surface was a limiting factor for digestion of starch granules." ], "offsets": [ [ 99, 1307 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "28983746_MESH:D013213_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Starch" ], "offsets": [ [ 24, 30 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013213" } ] }, { "id": "28983746_MESH:D013213_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "starch" ], "offsets": [ [ 117, 123 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013213" } ] }, { "id": "28983746_MESH:D013213_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "starch" ], "offsets": [ [ 258, 264 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013213" } ] }, { "id": "28983746_MESH:D013213_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "starch" ], "offsets": [ [ 402, 408 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013213" } ] }, { "id": "28983746_MESH:D013213_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "starches" ], "offsets": [ [ 431, 439 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013213" } ] }, { "id": "28983746_MESH:D013213_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "starches" ], "offsets": [ [ 608, 616 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013213" } ] }, { "id": "28983746_MESH:D013213_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "starch" ], "offsets": [ [ 655, 661 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013213" } ] }, { "id": "28983746_-_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DS" ], "offsets": [ [ 663, 665 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "28983746_MESH:D013213_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "starch" ], "offsets": [ [ 762, 768 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013213" } ] }, { "id": "28983746_MESH:D013213_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "starches" ], "offsets": [ [ 782, 790 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013213" } ] }, { "id": "28983746_MESH:D013213_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "starch" ], "offsets": [ [ 1237, 1243 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013213" } ] }, { "id": "28983746_MESH:D013213_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "starch" ], "offsets": [ [ 1291, 1297 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013213" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "23379965_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Longitudinal relations of intrusive parenting and effortful control to ego-resiliency during early childhood." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 109 ] ] }, { "id": "23379965_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Longitudinal relations among ego-resiliency (ER), effortful control (EC), and observed intrusive parenting were examined at 18, 30, and 42 months of age (Ns = 256, 230, and 210) using structural equation modeling. Intrusive parenting at 18 and 30 months negatively predicted EC a year later, over and above earlier levels. EC at 30 months mediated the negative relation between 18-month intrusive parenting and ER at 42 months when controlling for stability of the variables. ER did not predict EC. The findings suggest that intrusive parenting may have a negative effect on children's ego-resiliency through its effects on children's abilities to regulate attention and behavior." ], "offsets": [ [ 110, 790 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "23379965_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 685, 693 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23379965_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 734, 742 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "4533646_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Provision of orthodontic services in Australia." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 47 ] ] }, { "id": "4533646_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 48, 48 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "8302716_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Mixed renal tumor with carcinomatous and fibroleiomyomatous components, associated with angiomyolipoma in the same kidney." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 122 ] ] }, { "id": "8302716_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A 54-year-old woman, without the stigmas of tuberous sclerosis, underwent radical nephrectomy for simultaneous occurrence of an Angiomyolipoma (AML) and a carcinomatous and fibroleiomyomatous mixed tumor in the same kidney, diagnosed by computerized tomography, selective renal arteriography and anatomopathological examination. The peculiar findings of the mixed neoplasia, characterized by a mixture of carcinomatous and fibroleiomuscular components are stressed. The latter component is considered to be a proliferative element interacting with the carcinomatous one. After review of the pertinent literature, this is the first example of an association of AML and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in which the RCC is constituted by a mixture of carcinomatous and fibroleiomyomatous cells." ], "offsets": [ [ 123, 909 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "8302716_MESH:D007674_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "renal tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 6, 17 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007674" } ] }, { "id": "8302716_MESH:D055756_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "carcinomatous and fibroleiomyomatous" ], "offsets": [ [ 23, 59 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D055756" } ] }, { "id": "8302716_MESH:D018207_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "angiomyolipoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 88, 102 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018207" } ] }, { "id": "8302716_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "woman" ], "offsets": [ [ 137, 142 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8302716_MESH:D014402_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tuberous sclerosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 167, 185 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014402" } ] }, { "id": "8302716_MESH:D018207_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Angiomyolipoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 251, 265 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018207" } ] }, { "id": "8302716_MESH:D018207_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AML" ], "offsets": [ [ 267, 270 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018207" } ] }, { "id": "8302716_MESH:D055756_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "carcinomatous and fibroleiomyomatous mixed tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 278, 326 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D055756" } ] }, { "id": "8302716_MESH:D009369_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "neoplasia" ], "offsets": [ [ 487, 496 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "8302716_MESH:D055756_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "carcinomatous" ], "offsets": [ [ 528, 541 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D055756" } ] }, { "id": "8302716_MESH:D055756_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "carcinomatous" ], "offsets": [ [ 675, 688 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D055756" } ] }, { "id": "8302716_MESH:D018207_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AML" ], "offsets": [ [ 783, 786 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018207" } ] }, { "id": "8302716_MESH:C538614_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "renal cell carcinoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 791, 811 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C538614" } ] }, { "id": "8302716_MESH:C538614_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "RCC" ], "offsets": [ [ 813, 816 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C538614" } ] }, { "id": "8302716_MESH:C538614_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "RCC" ], "offsets": [ [ 831, 834 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C538614" } ] }, { "id": "8302716_MESH:D055756_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "carcinomatous and fibroleiomyomatous" ], "offsets": [ [ 866, 902 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D055756" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "12183546_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Anthrax edema toxin requires influx of calcium for inducing cyclic AMP toxicity in target cells." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 96 ] ] }, { "id": "12183546_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The anthrax edema toxin comprises two proteins: protective antigen and edema factor. Anthrax protective antigen binds to the receptors on the surface of target cells and facilitates the entry of edema factor into these target cells. Edema factor (EF) is an adenylate cyclase that catalyzes the synthesis of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in the cytosol of the host cells. In this study, we examined the requirement of extracellular calcium for anthrax edema toxin-induced toxicity in host cells. The cAMP response generated by edema toxin was analyzed in a variety of cells, including CHO, macrophage-like RAW264.7, human neutrophils, and human lymphocytes. Our investigations reveal that after EF reaches the cell cytosol, a rapid influx of calcium is triggered in the host cell that has a pivotal role in determining the cAMP response of the affected cells. Although the cAMP response generated by edema toxin in different cell types varied in intensity and in the time of initiation, the influx of calcium invariably preceded cAMP accumulation. Agents that blocked the uptake of calcium also inhibited edema toxin-induced accumulation of cAMP in the host cells. This is the first report that demonstrates that edema toxin induces accumulation of cAMP in lymphocytes. By accumulating cAMP, a potent inhibitor of immune cell function, edema toxin may actually be poisoning the immune system and thus facilitating the survival of the bacteria in the host." ], "offsets": [ [ 97, 1539 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "12183546_1392_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Anthrax" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 7 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1392" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D004487_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "edema" ], "offsets": [ [ 8, 13 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004487" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D002118_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "calcium" ], "offsets": [ [ 39, 46 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002118" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D000242_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cyclic AMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 60, 70 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000242" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D064420_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "toxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 71, 79 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064420" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_1392_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "anthrax" ], "offsets": [ [ 101, 108 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1392" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D004487_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "edema" ], "offsets": [ [ 109, 114 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004487" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D004487_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "edema" ], "offsets": [ [ 168, 173 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004487" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_1392_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Anthrax" ], "offsets": [ [ 182, 189 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1392" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D004487_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "edema" ], "offsets": [ [ 292, 297 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004487" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D004487_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Edema" ], "offsets": [ [ 330, 335 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004487" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D000242_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cyclic AMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 404, 414 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000242" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D000242_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cAMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 416, 420 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000242" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D002118_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "calcium" ], "offsets": [ [ 516, 523 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002118" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_1392_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "anthrax" ], "offsets": [ [ 528, 535 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1392" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D004487_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "edema" ], "offsets": [ [ 536, 541 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004487" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D064420_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "toxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 556, 564 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064420" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D000242_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cAMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 584, 588 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000242" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D004487_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "edema" ], "offsets": [ [ 611, 616 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004487" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_CVCL_0213;NCBITaxID:10029_19", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "CHO" ], "offsets": [ [ 669, 672 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL_0213;NCBITaxID:10029" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_9606_20", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 700, 705 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_9606_21", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 723, 728 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D002118_22", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "calcium" ], "offsets": [ [ 826, 833 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002118" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D000242_23", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cAMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 907, 911 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000242" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D000242_24", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cAMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 957, 961 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000242" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D004487_25", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "edema" ], "offsets": [ [ 984, 989 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004487" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D002118_26", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "calcium" ], "offsets": [ [ 1085, 1092 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002118" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D000242_27", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cAMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1113, 1117 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000242" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D002118_28", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "calcium" ], "offsets": [ [ 1166, 1173 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002118" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D004487_29", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "edema" ], "offsets": [ [ 1189, 1194 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004487" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D000242_30", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cAMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1225, 1229 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000242" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D004487_31", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "edema" ], "offsets": [ [ 1297, 1302 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004487" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D000242_32", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cAMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1333, 1337 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000242" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D000242_33", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cAMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1370, 1374 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000242" } ] }, { "id": "12183546_MESH:D004487_34", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "edema" ], "offsets": [ [ 1420, 1425 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004487" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "11063627_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Hydrolytic stability versus ring size in lactams: implications for the development of lactam antibiotics and other serine protease inhibitors." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 142 ] ] }, { "id": "11063627_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "beta-Lactam antibiotics act by acylating a serine hydroxyl group in the catalytic center of bacterial proteases. This requires, among other things, suitable reactivity of the lactam moiety. To evaluate the possible suitability of other lactam systems, kinetic studies were performed using the model reaction of lactams with hydroxide. Following the pace of the reaction by NMR, we found gamma-butyrolactam to be hydrolyzed considerably slower than beta-propiolactam. Surprisingly, delta-valerolactam and beta-propiolactam had the same reactivity. beta-Lactam antibiotics were more reactive than both by approximately a factor of 10(3). Medium-sized lactams were least susceptible to hydrolysis. The study highlights the as yet overlooked six-membered lactam ring as a promising vantage point for the development of new classes of antiinfectives and other serine protease inhibitors." ], "offsets": [ [ 143, 1025 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "11063627_MESH:D007769_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lactams" ], "offsets": [ [ 41, 48 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007769" } ] }, { "id": "11063627_MESH:D007769_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lactam" ], "offsets": [ [ 86, 92 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007769" } ] }, { "id": "11063627_2147_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "serine protease" ], "offsets": [ [ 115, 130 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2147" } ] }, { "id": "11063627_MESH:D047090_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "beta-Lactam" ], "offsets": [ [ 143, 154 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D047090" } ] }, { "id": "11063627_MESH:D012694_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "serine" ], "offsets": [ [ 186, 192 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012694" } ] }, { "id": "11063627_MESH:D007769_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lactam" ], "offsets": [ [ 318, 324 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007769" } ] }, { "id": "11063627_MESH:D007769_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lactam" ], "offsets": [ [ 379, 385 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007769" } ] }, { "id": "11063627_MESH:D007769_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lactams" ], "offsets": [ [ 454, 461 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007769" } ] }, { "id": "11063627_MESH:C031356_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "hydroxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 467, 476 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C031356" } ] }, { "id": "11063627_-_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "gamma-butyrolactam" ], "offsets": [ [ 530, 548 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "11063627_-_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "beta-propiolactam" ], "offsets": [ [ 591, 608 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "11063627_MESH:C043384_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "delta-valerolactam" ], "offsets": [ [ 624, 642 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C043384" } ] }, { "id": "11063627_-_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "beta-propiolactam" ], "offsets": [ [ 647, 664 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "11063627_MESH:D047090_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "beta-Lactam" ], "offsets": [ [ 690, 701 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D047090" } ] }, { "id": "11063627_MESH:D007769_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lactams" ], "offsets": [ [ 792, 799 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007769" } ] }, { "id": "11063627_MESH:D007769_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lactam" ], "offsets": [ [ 894, 900 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007769" } ] }, { "id": "11063627_2147_16", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "serine protease" ], "offsets": [ [ 998, 1013 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2147" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31290112_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "E-cigarette, Obesity and Bariatric Surgery: Guidelines for the Bariatric Societies." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 83 ] ] }, { "id": "31290112_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 84, 84 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "8647428_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[A genetic and demographic study of Dagestan highland populations and migrants to the lowlands. The relationship between levels of consanguinity, homozygosity and physiologic sensitivity]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 188 ] ] }, { "id": "8647428_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "This is a continuation of a series of papers devoted to studying the genetic mechanisms of adaptation in migrants from isolated highland populations of Dagestan to new ecological conditions (lowlands). This paper describes the main results of studying the relationship between levels of inbreeding, homozygosity, and physiological sensitivity. Earlier, we found that decreased resistance to changing environmental factors in migrants to lowlands from the Dagestan highlands was connected with their high level of homozygosity. The data obtained allow us to assume that missing links in this chain of events include, in addition to parameters of inbreeding level, parameters of neurophysiological sensitivity, including absolute and differential sensitivity of various analyzers sensory systems, which are from 65 to 75% genetically determined. Migrants from highland auls (villages) to lowlands exhibited a decreased rate of sensomotor reactions in response to light and sound of various intensities, as well as decreased differential color sensitivity in the long-, medium-, and short-wave ranges of the spectrum, compared to highlanders. The results suggest the selective mortality of migrants from highlands to lowlands during adaptation to new conditions. Those migrants who dies were characterized by specific gene complexes that determined the characteristic features of expression of a number of interrelated polymorphic and quantitative traits. Thus, the high levels of homozygosity and inbreeding were accompanied by a greater neurophysiological sensitivity and lower indices of body weight and height." ], "offsets": [ [ 189, 1800 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "27800482_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Stabilization of the Virulence Plasmid pSLT of Salmonella Typhimurium by Three Maintenance Systems and Its Evaluation by Using a New Stability Test." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 148 ] ] }, { "id": "27800482_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Certain Salmonella enterica serovars belonging to subspecies I carry low-copy-number virulence plasmids of variable size (50-90 kb). All of these plasmids share the spv operon, which is important for systemic infection. Virulence plasmids are present at low copy numbers. Few copies reduce metabolic burden but suppose a risk of plasmid loss during bacterial division. This drawback is counterbalanced by maintenance modules that ensure plasmid stability, including partition systems and toxin-antitoxin (TA) loci. The low-copy number virulence pSLT plasmid of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium encodes three auxiliary maintenance systems: one partition system (parAB) and two TA systems (ccdABST and vapBC2ST). The TA module ccdABST has previously been shown to contribute to pSLT plasmid stability and vapBC2ST to bacterial virulence. Here we describe a novel assay to measure plasmid stability based on the selection of plasmid-free cells following elimination of plasmid-containing cells by ParE toxin, a DNA gyrase inhibitor. Using this new maintenance assay we confirmed a crucial role of parAB in pSLT maintenance. We also showed that vapBC2ST, in addition to contribute to bacterial virulence, is important for plasmid stability. We have previously shown that ccdABST encodes an inactive CcdBST toxin. Using our new stability assay we monitored the contribution to plasmid stability of a ccdABST variant containing a single mutation (R99W) that restores the toxicity of CcdBST. The \"activation\" of CcdBST (R99W) did not increase pSLT stability by ccdABST. In contrast, ccdABST behaves as a canonical type II TA system in terms of transcriptional regulation. Of interest, ccdABST was shown to control the expression of a polycistronic operon in the pSLT plasmid. Collectively, these results show that the contribution of the CcdBST toxin to pSLT plasmid stability may depend on its role as a co-repressor in coordination with CcdAST antitoxin more than on its toxic activity." ], "offsets": [ [ 149, 2137 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "27800482_90371_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Salmonella Typhimurium" ], "offsets": [ [ 47, 69 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "90371" } ] }, { "id": "27800482_28901_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Salmonella enterica" ], "offsets": [ [ 157, 176 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "28901" } ] }, { "id": "27800482_MESH:D007239_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "systemic infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 349, 367 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "27800482_90371_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium" ], "offsets": [ [ 710, 749 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "90371" } ] }, { "id": "27800482_16028480_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CcdBST" ], "offsets": [ [ 1451, 1457 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "16028480" } ] }, { "id": "27800482_tmVar:p|SUB|R|99|W;HGVS:p.R99W;VariantGroup:0_5", "type": "ProteinMutation", "text": [ "R99W" ], "offsets": [ [ 1597, 1601 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:p|SUB|R|99|W;HGVS:p.R99W;VariantGroup:0" } ] }, { "id": "27800482_MESH:D064420_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "toxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 1621, 1629 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064420" } ] }, { "id": "27800482_16028480_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CcdBST" ], "offsets": [ [ 1633, 1639 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "16028480" } ] }, { "id": "27800482_16028480_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CcdBST" ], "offsets": [ [ 1661, 1667 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "16028480" } ] }, { "id": "27800482_tmVar:p|SUB|R|99|W;HGVS:p.R99W;VariantGroup:0_9", "type": "ProteinMutation", "text": [ "R99W" ], "offsets": [ [ 1669, 1673 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:p|SUB|R|99|W;HGVS:p.R99W;VariantGroup:0" } ] }, { "id": "27800482_-_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ccdABST" ], "offsets": [ [ 1834, 1841 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "27800482_16028480_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CcdBST" ], "offsets": [ [ 1987, 1993 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "16028480" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "33219760_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[WAGES AND ATTITUDES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTS TO VOCATIONAL QUALIFICATION AND LABOUR MOBILITY]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 93 ] ] }, { "id": "33219760_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "In the health care sector, due to a long cycle of accumulation of human capital, a change of profession often leads to a disruption of this cycle. Therefore, stable employment in the workplace for medical specialists is preferable and should be accompanied by permanent qualification growth within the framework of the profession. Labour mobility to a large extent contradicts this process. One of its most powerful incentives is dissatisfaction with earnings, and this article presents an analysis of the impact of this dissatisfaction on readiness for vocational and labour mobility, based on a questionnaire survey of doctors and nurses of Moscow health care system. A reference group of specialists with proactive attitude towards vocational and professional growth has been singled out. Its assessments of satisfaction with the size of earnings and with correspondence between earnings and labour contribution showed that the dissatisfaction with the inadequacy of earnings is widely spread. This dissatisfaction relates to both base salary and incentive payments against labour contribution. An increase in base salary and in incentive payments together with a simultaneous increase in the share of incentive payments should be the basis for adjusting the wage system. A more accurate accounting of the workload (which has grown as a result of optimization) in earnings is also relevant for paramedical personnel. Should the authorities fail to do this, the undesirable staff turnover, which is already high, may increase even further." ], "offsets": [ [ 94, 1635 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "33219760_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 160, 165 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "32276106_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Paradoxical embolism through a patent foramen ovale from central venous catheter thrombosis: A potential cause of stroke." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 121 ] ] }, { "id": "32276106_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Paradoxical embolism refers to a potential condition in which an embolus arising from a venous source crosses into the systemic circulation through a right-to-left cardiac shunt causing an arterial embolism. A 39-year-old woman carrier of a central venous catheter (CVC) without evident risk factors for stroke, developed an acute right homonymous hemianopia during hemodialysis. On neuroimaging, an infarct in the territory of the left posterior cerebral artery was demonstrated. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed a patent foramen ovale (PFO) and a large fluctuating thrombus in the right atrium on the tip of the CVC, thus allowing a diagnosis of ischemic stroke from paradoxical embolism. Oral anticoagulation therapy was started and the PFO was closed. This case emphasizes the potential risk of paradoxical embolism in patients with CVCs and PFO. This condition should be prevented and identified in patients with specific risk factors, such as long-term catheterization and hemodialysis." ], "offsets": [ [ 122, 1123 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "32276106_MESH:D004617_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "embolism" ], "offsets": [ [ 12, 20 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004617" } ] }, { "id": "32276106_MESH:D056824_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "venous catheter thrombosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 65, 91 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056824" } ] }, { "id": "32276106_MESH:D020521_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stroke" ], "offsets": [ [ 114, 120 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020521" } ] }, { "id": "32276106_MESH:D004617_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "embolism" ], "offsets": [ [ 134, 142 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004617" } ] }, { "id": "32276106_MESH:D004617_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "embolus" ], "offsets": [ [ 187, 194 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004617" } ] }, { "id": "32276106_MESH:D004617_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "embolism" ], "offsets": [ [ 320, 328 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004617" } ] }, { "id": "32276106_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "woman" ], "offsets": [ [ 344, 349 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32276106_MESH:D020521_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stroke" ], "offsets": [ [ 426, 432 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020521" } ] }, { "id": "32276106_MESH:D006423_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hemianopia" ], "offsets": [ [ 470, 480 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006423" } ] }, { "id": "32276106_MESH:D007238_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infarct" ], "offsets": [ [ 522, 529 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007238" } ] }, { "id": "32276106_MESH:D013927_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "thrombus" ], "offsets": [ [ 698, 706 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013927" } ] }, { "id": "32276106_MESH:D002544_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ischemic stroke" ], "offsets": [ [ 779, 794 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002544" } ] }, { "id": "32276106_MESH:D004617_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "embolism" ], "offsets": [ [ 812, 820 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004617" } ] }, { "id": "32276106_MESH:D004617_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "embolism" ], "offsets": [ [ 942, 950 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004617" } ] }, { "id": "32276106_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 954, 962 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32276106_9606_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1035, 1043 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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