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In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: This may indicate that an activation of the peripheral adrenergic mechanism plays an important role in the induction of the excitatory effect of ketamine injected in the SA node artery .
### Output Text: | This may indicate that an activation of the peripheral adrenergic mechanism plays an important role in the induction of the excitatory effect of <span class="chemical">ketamine</span> injected in the SA node artery . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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Use <span class="chemical"> to denote a chemical.
### Input Text: Over expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor during the development of estrogen - induced rat pituitary tumors may mediate estrogen - initiated tumor angiogenesis .
### Output Text: | Over expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor during the development of <span class="chemical">estrogen</span> - induced rat pituitary tumors may mediate <span class="chemical">estrogen</span> - initiated tumor angiogenesis . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Estrogens , which have been associated with several types of human and animal cancers , can induce tumor angiogenesis in the pituitary of Fischer 344 rats .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Estrogens</span> , which have been associated with several types of human and animal cancers , can induce tumor angiogenesis in the pituitary of Fischer 344 rats . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The mechanistic details of tumor angiogenesis induction , during estrogen carcinogenesis , are still unknown .
### Output Text: | The mechanistic details of tumor angiogenesis induction , during <span class="chemical">estrogen</span> carcinogenesis , are still unknown . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: To elucidate the role of estrogen in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis in the pituitary of female rats , the density of blood vessels was analysed using factor VIII related antigen ( FVIIIRAg ) immunohistochemistry and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor / vascular permeability factor ( VEGF / VPF ) was examined by Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis .
### Output Text: | To elucidate the role of <span class="chemical">estrogen</span> in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis in the pituitary of female rats , the density of blood vessels was analysed using factor VIII related antigen ( FVIIIRAg ) immunohistochemistry and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor / vascular permeability factor ( VEGF / VPF ) was examined by Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The expression of VEGF receptor ( VEGFR - 2 / Flk - 1 / KDR ) was also examined by immunohistochemistry .
### Output Text: | The expression of VEGF receptor ( VEGFR - 2 / Flk - 1 / KDR ) was also examined by immunohistochemistry . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The results demonstrated that 17beta - estradiol ( E2 ) induces neovascularization , as well as the growth and enlargement of blood vessels after 7 days of exposure .
### Output Text: | The results demonstrated that <span class="chemical">17beta - estradiol</span> ( <span class="chemical">E2</span> ) induces neovascularization , as well as the growth and enlargement of blood vessels after 7 days of exposure . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The high tumor angiogenic potential was associated with an elevated VEGF / VPF protein expression in the E2 exposed pituitary of ovariectomized ( OVEX ) rats .
### Output Text: | The high tumor angiogenic potential was associated with an elevated VEGF / VPF protein expression in the <span class="chemical">E2</span> exposed pituitary of ovariectomized ( OVEX ) rats . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: VEGF / VPF and FVIIIRAg immunohistochemistry and endothelial specific lectin ( UEA1 ) binding studies , indicate that the elevation of VEGF protein expression initially occurred in both blood vessels and non - endothelial cells .
### Output Text: | VEGF / VPF and FVIIIRAg immunohistochemistry and endothelial specific lectin ( UEA1 ) binding studies , indicate that the elevation of VEGF protein expression initially occurred in both blood vessels and non - endothelial cells . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: After 15 days of E2 exposure , VEGF / VPF protein expression , in the non - endothelial cell population , sharply declined and was restricted to the blood vessels .
### Output Text: | After 15 days of <span class="chemical">E2</span> exposure , VEGF / VPF protein expression , in the non - endothelial cell population , sharply declined and was restricted to the blood vessels . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The function of non - endothelial - derived VEGF is not clear .
### Output Text: | The function of non - endothelial - derived VEGF is not clear . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Furthermore , immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that VEGFR - 2 ( flk - 1 / KDR ) , expression was elevated significantly in the endothelial cells of microblood vessels after 7 days of E2 exposure .
### Output Text: | Furthermore , immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that VEGFR - 2 ( flk - 1 / KDR ) , expression was elevated significantly in the endothelial cells of microblood vessels after 7 days of <span class="chemical">E2</span> exposure . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: These findings suggest that over expression of VEGF and its receptor ( VEGFR - 2 ) may play an important role in the initial step of the regulation of estrogen induced tumor angiogenesis in the rat pituitary .
### Output Text: | These findings suggest that over expression of VEGF and its receptor ( VEGFR - 2 ) may play an important role in the initial step of the regulation of <span class="chemical">estrogen</span> induced tumor angiogenesis in the rat pituitary . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Persistent nephrogenic diabetes insipidus following lithium therapy .
### Output Text: | Persistent nephrogenic diabetes insipidus following <span class="chemical">lithium</span> therapy . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: We report the case of a patient who developed severe hypernatraemic dehydration following a head injury .
### Output Text: | We report the case of a patient who developed severe hypernatraemic dehydration following a head injury . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Ten years previously he had been diagnosed to have lithium - induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus , and lithium therapy had been discontinued .
### Output Text: | Ten years previously he had been diagnosed to have <span class="chemical">lithium</span> - induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus , and <span class="chemical">lithium</span> therapy had been discontinued . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: He remained thirsty and polyuric despite cessation of lithium and investigations on admission showed him to have normal osmoregulated thirst and vasopressin secretion , with clear evidence of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus .
### Output Text: | He remained thirsty and polyuric despite cessation of <span class="chemical">lithium</span> and investigations on admission showed him to have normal osmoregulated thirst and <span class="chemical">vasopressin</span> secretion , with clear evidence of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Lithium induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is considered to be reversible on cessation of therapy but polyuria persisted in this patient for ten years after lithium was stopped .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Lithium</span> induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is considered to be reversible on cessation of therapy but polyuria persisted in this patient for ten years after <span class="chemical">lithium</span> was stopped . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: We discuss the possible renal mechanisms and the implications for management of patients with lithium - induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus .
### Output Text: | We discuss the possible renal mechanisms and the implications for management of patients with <span class="chemical">lithium</span> - induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Effects of NIK - 247 on cholinesterase and scopolamine - induced amnesia .
### Output Text: | Effects of <span class="chemical">NIK - 247</span> on cholinesterase and <span class="chemical">scopolamine</span> - induced amnesia . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The effects of NIK - 247 on cholinesterase , scopolamine - induced amnesia and spontaneous movement were examined and compared with those of the well - known cholinesterase inhibitors tacrine and E - 2020 .
### Output Text: | The effects of <span class="chemical">NIK - 247</span> on cholinesterase , <span class="chemical">scopolamine</span> - induced amnesia and spontaneous movement were examined and compared with those of the well - known cholinesterase inhibitors <span class="chemical">tacrine</span> and <span class="chemical">E - 2020</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: NIK - 247 , tacrine and E - 2020 all strongly inhibited acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) in human red blood cells ( IC50s = 1 . 0 x 10 ( - 6 ) , 2 . 9 x 10 ( - 7 ) and 3 . 7 x 10 ( - 8 ) M , respectively ) .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">NIK - 247</span> , <span class="chemical">tacrine</span> and <span class="chemical">E - 2020</span> all strongly inhibited acetylcholinesterase ( AChE ) in human red blood cells ( IC50s = 1 . 0 x 10 ( - 6 ) , 2 . 9 x 10 ( - 7 ) and 3 . 7 x 10 ( - 8 ) M , respectively ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: In addition , NIK - 247 and tacrine , but not E - 2020 , strongly inhibited butyrylcholinestrase ( BuChE ) in human serum .
### Output Text: | In addition , <span class="chemical">NIK - 247</span> and <span class="chemical">tacrine</span> , but not <span class="chemical">E - 2020</span> , strongly inhibited butyrylcholinestrase ( BuChE ) in human serum . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: All three drugs produced mixed inhibition of AChE activity .
### Output Text: | All three drugs produced mixed inhibition of AChE activity . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Moreover , the inhibitory effect of NIK - 247 on AChE was reversible .
### Output Text: | Moreover , the inhibitory effect of <span class="chemical">NIK - 247</span> on AChE was reversible . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: All compounds at 0 . 1 - 1 mg / kg p . o . significantly improved the amnesia induced by scopolamine ( 0 . 5 mg / kg s . c . ) in rats performing a passive avoidance task .
### Output Text: | All compounds at 0 . 1 - 1 mg / kg p . o . significantly improved the amnesia induced by <span class="chemical">scopolamine</span> ( 0 . 5 mg / kg s . c . ) in rats performing a passive avoidance task . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The three compounds at 1 and 3 mg / kg p . o . did not significantly decrease spontaneous movement by rats .
### Output Text: | The three compounds at 1 and 3 mg / kg p . o . did not significantly decrease spontaneous movement by rats . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: These findings suggest that NIK - 247 at a low dose ( 0 . 1 - 1 mg / kg p . o . ) improves scopolamine - induced amnesia but does not affect spontaneous movement .
### Output Text: | These findings suggest that <span class="chemical">NIK - 247</span> at a low dose ( 0 . 1 - 1 mg / kg p . o . ) improves <span class="chemical">scopolamine</span> - induced amnesia but does not affect spontaneous movement . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The findings suggest that NIK - 247 may be a useful drug for the treatment of Alzheimer ' s disease .
### Output Text: | The findings suggest that <span class="chemical">NIK - 247</span> may be a useful drug for the treatment of Alzheimer ' s disease . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Potential therapeutic use of the selective dopamine D1 receptor agonist , A - 86929 : an acute study in parkinsonian levodopa - primed monkeys .
### Output Text: | Potential therapeutic use of the selective <span class="chemical">dopamine</span> D1 receptor agonist , <span class="chemical">A - 86929</span> : an acute study in parkinsonian <span class="chemical">levodopa</span> - primed monkeys . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The clinical utility of dopamine ( DA ) D1 receptor agonists in the treatment of Parkinson ' s disease ( PD ) is still unclear .
### Output Text: | The clinical utility of <span class="chemical">dopamine</span> ( <span class="chemical">DA</span> ) D1 receptor agonists in the treatment of Parkinson ' s disease ( PD ) is still unclear . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The therapeutic use of selective DA D1 receptor agonists such as SKF - 82958 ( 6 - chloro - 7 , 8 - dihydroxy - 3 - allyl - 1 - phenyl - 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 - tetrahydro - 1H - 3 - benzaze pine hydrobromide ) and A - 77636 ( [ 1R , 3S ] 3 - [ 1 ' - admantyl ] - 1 - aminomethyl - 3 , 4 - dihydro - 5 , 6 - dihydroxy - 1H - 2 - benzo pyran hydrochloride ) seems limited because of their duration of action , which is too short for SKF - 82958 ( < 1 hr ) and too long for A - 77636 ( > 20 hr , leading to behavioral tolerance ) .
### Output Text: | The therapeutic use of selective <span class="chemical">DA</span> D1 receptor agonists such as <span class="chemical">SKF - 82958</span> ( <span class="chemical">6 - chloro - 7 , 8 - dihydroxy - 3 - allyl - 1 - phenyl - 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 - tetrahydro - 1H - 3 - benzaze pine hydrobromide</span> ) and <span class="chemical">A - 77636</span> ( <span class="chemical">[ 1R , 3S ] 3 - [ 1 ' - admantyl ] - 1 - aminomethyl - 3 , 4 - dihydro - 5 , 6 - dihydroxy - 1H - 2 - benzo pyran hydrochloride</span> ) seems limited because of their duration of action , which is too short for <span class="chemical">SKF - 82958</span> ( < 1 hr ) and too long for <span class="chemical">A - 77636</span> ( > 20 hr , leading to behavioral tolerance ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: We therefore conducted the present acute dose - response study in four 1 - methyl - 4 - phenyl - 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 - tetrahydropyridine ( MPTP ) - exposed cynomolgus monkeys primed to exhibit levodopa - induced dyskinesias to evaluate the locomotor and dyskinetic effects on challenge with four doses ( from 0 . 03 to 1 . 0 mg / kg ) of A - 86929 ( [ - ] - [ 5aR , 11bS ] - 4 , 5 , 5a , 6 , 7 , 11b - hexahydro - 2 - propyl - 3 - thia - 5 - + + + azacyclopent - 1 - ena [ c ] phenathrene - 9 - 10 - diol ) , a selective and full DA D1 - like receptor agonist with an intermediate duration of action .
### Output Text: | We therefore conducted the present acute dose - response study in four <span class="chemical">1 - methyl - 4 - phenyl - 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 - tetrahydropyridine</span> ( <span class="chemical">MPTP</span> ) - exposed cynomolgus monkeys primed to exhibit <span class="chemical">levodopa</span> - induced dyskinesias to evaluate the locomotor and dyskinetic effects on challenge with four doses ( from 0 . 03 to 1 . 0 mg / kg ) of <span class="chemical">A - 86929</span> ( <span class="chemical">[ - ] - [ 5aR , 11bS ] - 4 , 5 , 5a , 6 , 7 , 11b - hexahydro - 2 - propyl - 3 - thia - 5 - + + + azacyclopent - 1 - ena [ c ] phenathrene - 9 - 10 - diol</span> ) , a selective and full <span class="chemical">DA</span> D1 - like receptor agonist with an intermediate duration of action . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Levodopa and the DA D2 - like receptor agonist , LY - 171555 ( [ 4aR - trans ] - 4 , 4a , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 8a , 9 - o - dihydro - 5n - propyl - 2H - pyrazo lo - 3 - 4 - quinoline hydrochloride ) were also used for comparison .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Levodopa</span> and the <span class="chemical">DA</span> D2 - like receptor agonist , <span class="chemical">LY - 171555</span> ( <span class="chemical">[ 4aR - trans ] - 4 , 4a , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 8a , 9 - o - dihydro - 5n - propyl - 2H - pyrazo lo - 3 - 4 - quinoline hydrochloride</span> ) were also used for comparison . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Acute administration of A - 86929 was as efficacious in alleviating MPTP - induced parkinsonism as levodopa and LY - 171555 , but was less likely to reproduce the levodopa - induced dyskinesias in these animals than with either LY - 171555 or subsequent challenge of levodopa .
### Output Text: | Acute administration of <span class="chemical">A - 86929</span> was as efficacious in alleviating <span class="chemical">MPTP</span> - induced parkinsonism as <span class="chemical">levodopa</span> and <span class="chemical">LY - 171555</span> , but was less likely to reproduce the <span class="chemical">levodopa</span> - induced dyskinesias in these animals than with either <span class="chemical">LY - 171555</span> or subsequent challenge of <span class="chemical">levodopa</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Selective stimulation of the DA D1 receptor may provide better integration of neural inputs transmitted to the internal segment of the globus pallidus ( referred to as the basal ganglia output ) compared with levodopa and selective DA D2 receptor agonist .
### Output Text: | Selective stimulation of the <span class="chemical">DA</span> D1 receptor may provide better integration of neural inputs transmitted to the internal segment of the globus pallidus ( referred to as the basal ganglia output ) compared with <span class="chemical">levodopa</span> and selective <span class="chemical">DA</span> D2 receptor agonist . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Potent DA D1 receptor agents with an intermediate duration of efficacy such as A - 86929 ( approximately 4 hr at higher doses tested ) are potential therapeutic tools in PD and merit further attention .
### Output Text: | Potent <span class="chemical">DA</span> D1 receptor agents with an intermediate duration of efficacy such as <span class="chemical">A - 86929</span> ( approximately 4 hr at higher doses tested ) are potential therapeutic tools in PD and merit further attention . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Neuropeptide - Y immunoreactivity in the pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy .
### Output Text: | Neuropeptide - Y immunoreactivity in the <span class="chemical">pilocarpine</span> model of temporal lobe epilepsy . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Neuropeptide - Y ( NPY ) is expressed by granule cells and mossy fibres of the hippocampal dentate gyrus during experimental temporal lobe epilepsy ( TLE ) .
### Output Text: | Neuropeptide - Y ( NPY ) is expressed by granule cells and mossy fibres of the hippocampal dentate gyrus during experimental temporal lobe epilepsy ( TLE ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: This expression may represent an endogenous damping mechanism since NPY has been shown to block seizure - like events following high - frequency stimulation in hippocampal slices .
### Output Text: | This expression may represent an endogenous damping mechanism since NPY has been shown to block seizure - like events following high - frequency stimulation in hippocampal slices . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The pilocarpine ( PILO ) model of epilepsy is characterized by an acute period of status epilepticus followed by spontaneous recurrent seizures and related brain damage .
### Output Text: | The <span class="chemical">pilocarpine</span> ( <span class="chemical">PILO</span> ) model of epilepsy is characterized by an acute period of status epilepticus followed by spontaneous recurrent seizures and related brain damage . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: We report peroxidase - antiperoxidase immunostaining for NPY in several brain regions in this model .
### Output Text: | We report peroxidase - antiperoxidase immunostaining for NPY in several brain regions in this model . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: PILO - injected animals exhibited NPY immunoreactivity in the region of the mossy fibre terminals , in the dentate gyrus inner molecular layer and , in a few cases , within presumed granule cells .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">PILO</span> - injected animals exhibited NPY immunoreactivity in the region of the mossy fibre terminals , in the dentate gyrus inner molecular layer and , in a few cases , within presumed granule cells . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: NPY immunoreactivity was also dramatically changed in the entorhinal cortex , amygdala and sensorimotor areas .
### Output Text: | NPY immunoreactivity was also dramatically changed in the entorhinal cortex , amygdala and sensorimotor areas . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: In addition , PILO injected animals exhibited a reduction in the number of NPY - immunoreactive interneurons compared with controls .
### Output Text: | In addition , <span class="chemical">PILO</span> injected animals exhibited a reduction in the number of NPY - immunoreactive interneurons compared with controls . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The results demonstrate that changes in NPY expression , including expression in the granule cells and mossy fibres and the loss of vulnerable NPY neurons , are present in the PILO model of TLE .
### Output Text: | The results demonstrate that changes in NPY expression , including expression in the granule cells and mossy fibres and the loss of vulnerable NPY neurons , are present in the <span class="chemical">PILO</span> model of TLE . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: However , the significance of this changed synthesis of NPY remains to be determined .
### Output Text: | However , the significance of this changed synthesis of NPY remains to be determined . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Posteroventral medial pallidotomy in advanced Parkinson ' s disease .
### Output Text: | Posteroventral medial pallidotomy in advanced Parkinson ' s disease . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: BACKGROUND : Posteroventral medial pallidotomy sometimes produces striking improvement in patients with advanced Parkinson ' s disease , but the studies to date have involved small numbers of patients and short - term follow - up .
### Output Text: | BACKGROUND : Posteroventral medial pallidotomy sometimes produces striking improvement in patients with advanced Parkinson ' s disease , but the studies to date have involved small numbers of patients and short - term follow - up . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: METHODS : Forty patients with Parkinson ' s disease underwent serial , detailed assessments both after drug withdrawal ( " off " period ) and while taking their optimal medical regimens ( " on " period ) .
### Output Text: | METHODS : Forty patients with Parkinson ' s disease underwent serial , detailed assessments both after drug withdrawal ( " off " period ) and while taking their optimal medical regimens ( " on " period ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: All patients were examined preoperatively and 39 were examined at six months ; 27 of the patients were also examined at one year , and 11 at two years .
### Output Text: | All patients were examined preoperatively and 39 were examined at six months ; 27 of the patients were also examined at one year , and 11 at two years . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: RESULTS : The percent improvements at six months were as follows : off - period score for overall motor function , 28 percent ( 95 percent confidence interval , 19 to 38 percent ) , with most of the improvement in the contralateral limbs ; off - period score for activities of daily living , 29 percent ( 95 percent confidence interval , 19 to 39 percent ) ; on - period score for contralateral dyskinesias , 82 percent ( 95 percent confidence interval , 72 to 91 percent ) ; and on - period score for ipsilateral dyskinesias , 44 percent ( 95 percent confidence interval , 29 to 59 percent ) .
### Output Text: | RESULTS : The percent improvements at six months were as follows : off - period score for overall motor function , 28 percent ( 95 percent confidence interval , 19 to 38 percent ) , with most of the improvement in the contralateral limbs ; off - period score for activities of daily living , 29 percent ( 95 percent confidence interval , 19 to 39 percent ) ; on - period score for contralateral dyskinesias , 82 percent ( 95 percent confidence interval , 72 to 91 percent ) ; and on - period score for ipsilateral dyskinesias , 44 percent ( 95 percent confidence interval , 29 to 59 percent ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The improvements in dyskinesias and the total scores for off - period parkinsonism , contralateral bradykinesia , and rigidity were sustained in the 11 patients examined at two years .
### Output Text: | The improvements in dyskinesias and the total scores for off - period parkinsonism , contralateral bradykinesia , and rigidity were sustained in the 11 patients examined at two years . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The improvement in ipsilateral dyskinesias was lost after one year , and the improvements in postural stability and gait lasted only three to six months .
### Output Text: | The improvement in ipsilateral dyskinesias was lost after one year , and the improvements in postural stability and gait lasted only three to six months . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Approximately half the patients who had been dependent on assistance in activities of daily living in the off period before surgery became independent after surgery .
### Output Text: | Approximately half the patients who had been dependent on assistance in activities of daily living in the off period before surgery became independent after surgery . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The complications of surgery were generally well tolerated , and there were no significant changes in the use of medication .
### Output Text: | The complications of surgery were generally well tolerated , and there were no significant changes in the use of medication . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: CONCLUSIONS : In late - stage Parkinson ' s disease , pallidotomy significantly reduces levodopa - induced dyskinesias and off - period disability .
### Output Text: | CONCLUSIONS : In late - stage Parkinson ' s disease , pallidotomy significantly reduces <span class="chemical">levodopa</span> - induced dyskinesias and off - period disability . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Much of the benefit is sustained at two years , although some improvements , such as those on the ipsilateral side and in axial symptoms , wane within the first year .
### Output Text: | Much of the benefit is sustained at two years , although some improvements , such as those on the ipsilateral side and in axial symptoms , wane within the first year . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The on - period symptoms that are resistant to dopaminergic therapy do not respond to pallidotomy .
### Output Text: | The on - period symptoms that are resistant to dopaminergic therapy do not respond to pallidotomy . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Clarithromycin - induced ventricular tachycardia .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Clarithromycin</span> - induced ventricular tachycardia . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Clarithromycin is a relatively new macrolide antibiotic that offers twice - daily dosing .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Clarithromycin</span> is a relatively new <span class="chemical">macrolide</span> antibiotic that offers twice - daily dosing . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: It differs from erythromycin only in the methylation of the hydroxyl group at position 6 .
### Output Text: | It differs from <span class="chemical">erythromycin</span> only in the methylation of the hydroxyl group at position 6 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Although the side - effect profile of erythromycin is established , including gastroenteritis and interactions with other drugs subject to hepatic mixed - function oxidase metabolism , experience with the newer macrolides is still being recorded .
### Output Text: | Although the side - effect profile of <span class="chemical">erythromycin</span> is established , including gastroenteritis and interactions with other drugs subject to hepatic mixed - function oxidase metabolism , experience with the newer <span class="chemical">macrolides</span> is still being recorded . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Cardiotoxicity has been demonstrated after both intravenous and oral administration of erythromycin but has never been reported with the newer macrolides .
### Output Text: | Cardiotoxicity has been demonstrated after both intravenous and oral administration of <span class="chemical">erythromycin</span> but has never been reported with the newer <span class="chemical">macrolides</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: We report a case of ventricular dysrhythmias that occurred after six therapeutic doses of clarithromycin .
### Output Text: | We report a case of ventricular dysrhythmias that occurred after six therapeutic doses of <span class="chemical">clarithromycin</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The dysrhythmias resolved after discontinuation of the drug .
### Output Text: | The dysrhythmias resolved after discontinuation of the drug . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Effect of glyceryl trinitrate on the sphincter of Oddi spasm evoked by prostigmine - morphine administration .
### Output Text: | Effect of <span class="chemical">glyceryl trinitrate</span> on the sphincter of Oddi spasm evoked by <span class="chemical">prostigmine</span> - <span class="chemical">morphine</span> administration . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: OBJECTIVE : In this study the effect of glyceryl trinitrate on the prostigmine - morphine - induced sphincter of Oddi spasm was evaluated in nine female patients with sphincter of Oddi dyskinesia .
### Output Text: | OBJECTIVE : In this study the effect of <span class="chemical">glyceryl trinitrate</span> on the <span class="chemical">prostigmine</span> - <span class="chemical">morphine</span> - induced sphincter of Oddi spasm was evaluated in nine female patients with sphincter of Oddi dyskinesia . |
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### Input Text: METHOD : Sphincter of Oddi spasm was induced by prostigmine - morphine administration ( 0 . 5 mg prostigmine intramuscularly and 10 mg morphine subcutaneously ) and visualized by quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy .
### Output Text: | METHOD : Sphincter of Oddi spasm was induced by <span class="chemical">prostigmine</span> - <span class="chemical">morphine</span> administration ( 0 . 5 mg <span class="chemical">prostigmine</span> intramuscularly and 10 mg <span class="chemical">morphine</span> subcutaneously ) and visualized by quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The entire procedure was repeated during glyceryl trinitrate infusion ( Nitrolingual 1 microg / kg / min for 120 min ) .
### Output Text: | The entire procedure was repeated during <span class="chemical">glyceryl trinitrate</span> infusion ( <span class="chemical">Nitrolingual</span> 1 microg / kg / min for 120 min ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: RESULTS : Prostigmine - morphine provocation caused significant increases in the time to peak activity ( Tmax ) over the hepatic hilum ( HH : 34 . 33 + / - 5 . 05 vs . 22 . 77 + / - 3 . 26 ) and the common bile duct ( CBD : 60 . 44 + / - 5 . 99 vs . 40 . 0 + / - 2 . 88 ) and in the half - time of excretion ( T1 / 2 ) over the liver parenchyma ( LP : 120 . 04 + / - 16 . 01 vs . 27 . 37 + / - 2 . 19 ) , HH ( 117 . 61 + / - 14 . 71 vs . 31 . 85 + / - 3 . 99 ) and CBD ( 158 . 11 + / - 9 . 18 vs . 40 . 1 + / - 6 . 24 ) , indicating a complete spasm at the level of the sphincter of Oddi .
### Output Text: | RESULTS : <span class="chemical">Prostigmine</span> - <span class="chemical">morphine</span> provocation caused significant increases in the time to peak activity ( Tmax ) over the hepatic hilum ( HH : 34 . 33 + / - 5 . 05 vs . 22 . 77 + / - 3 . 26 ) and the common bile duct ( CBD : 60 . 44 + / - 5 . 99 vs . 40 . 0 + / - 2 . 88 ) and in the half - time of excretion ( T1 / 2 ) over the liver parenchyma ( LP : 120 . 04 + / - 16 . 01 vs . 27 . 37 + / - 2 . 19 ) , HH ( 117 . 61 + / - 14 . 71 vs . 31 . 85 + / - 3 . 99 ) and CBD ( 158 . 11 + / - 9 . 18 vs . 40 . 1 + / - 6 . 24 ) , indicating a complete spasm at the level of the sphincter of Oddi . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Glyceryl trinitrate infusion completely normalized the prostigmine - morphine - induced alterations in these quantitative parameters ( TmaX over the LP : 11 . 33 + / - 1 . 13 ; over the HH : 18 . 88 + / - 1 . 48 ; and over the CBD : 36 . 22 + / - 1 . 92 ; and T1 / 2 over the LP : 28 . 21 + / - 1 . 83 ; over the HH : 33 . 42 + / - 3 . 10 ; and over the CBD : 41 . 66 + / - 6 . 33 ) , suggesting an effective sphincter - relaxing effect of glyceryl trinitrate .
### Output Text: | <span class="chemical">Glyceryl trinitrate</span> infusion completely normalized the <span class="chemical">prostigmine</span> - <span class="chemical">morphine</span> - induced alterations in these quantitative parameters ( TmaX over the LP : 11 . 33 + / - 1 . 13 ; over the HH : 18 . 88 + / - 1 . 48 ; and over the CBD : 36 . 22 + / - 1 . 92 ; and T1 / 2 over the LP : 28 . 21 + / - 1 . 83 ; over the HH : 33 . 42 + / - 3 . 10 ; and over the CBD : 41 . 66 + / - 6 . 33 ) , suggesting an effective sphincter - relaxing effect of <span class="chemical">glyceryl trinitrate</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: CONCLUSION : These results provide the first evidence of the effectiveness of glyceryl trinitrate on the morphine - induced sphincter of Oddi spasm in humans .
### Output Text: | CONCLUSION : These results provide the first evidence of the effectiveness of <span class="chemical">glyceryl trinitrate</span> on the <span class="chemical">morphine</span> - induced sphincter of Oddi spasm in humans . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Since glyceryl trinitrate is able to overcome even the drastic effect of morphine , it might be of relevance in the treatment of sphincter of Oddi dyskinesia .
### Output Text: | Since <span class="chemical">glyceryl trinitrate</span> is able to overcome even the drastic effect of <span class="chemical">morphine</span> , it might be of relevance in the treatment of sphincter of Oddi dyskinesia . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Immunopathology of penicillamine - induced glomerular disease .
### Output Text: | Immunopathology of <span class="chemical">penicillamine</span> - induced glomerular disease . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Four patients with rheumatoid arthritis developed heavy proteinuria after five to 12 months of treatment with D - penicillamine .
### Output Text: | Four patients with rheumatoid arthritis developed heavy proteinuria after five to 12 months of treatment with <span class="chemical">D - penicillamine</span> . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Light microscopy of renal biopsy samples showed minimal glomerular capillary wall thickening and mesangial matrix increase , or no departure from normal .
### Output Text: | Light microscopy of renal biopsy samples showed minimal glomerular capillary wall thickening and mesangial matrix increase , or no departure from normal . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Electron microscopy , however , revealed subepithelial electron - dense deposits , fusion of epithelial cell foot processes , and evidence of mesangial cell hyperactivity .
### Output Text: | Electron microscopy , however , revealed subepithelial electron - dense deposits , fusion of epithelial cell foot processes , and evidence of mesangial cell hyperactivity . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated granular capillary wall deposits of IgG and C3 .
### Output Text: | Immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated granular capillary wall deposits of IgG and C3 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The findings were similar to those in early membranous glomerulonephritis , differences being observed however in the results of staining for the early - acting complement components C1q and C4 .
### Output Text: | The findings were similar to those in early membranous glomerulonephritis , differences being observed however in the results of staining for the early - acting complement components C1q and C4 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: It is tentatively concluded that complement was activated by the classical pathway .
### Output Text: | It is tentatively concluded that complement was activated by the classical pathway . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Experimental cranial pain elicited by capsaicin : a PET study .
### Output Text: | Experimental cranial pain elicited by <span class="chemical">capsaicin</span> : a PET study . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Using a positron emission tomography ( PET ) study it was shown recently that in migraine without aura certain areas in the brain stem were activated during the headache state , but not in the headache free interval .
### Output Text: | Using a positron emission tomography ( PET ) study it was shown recently that in migraine without aura certain areas in the brain stem were activated during the headache state , but not in the headache free interval . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: It was suggested that this brain stem activation is inherent to the migraine attack itself and represents the so called ' migraine generator ' .
### Output Text: | It was suggested that this brain stem activation is inherent to the migraine attack itself and represents the so called ' migraine generator ' . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: To test this hypothesis we performed an experimental pain study in seven healthy volunteers , using the same positioning in the PET scanner as in the migraine patients .
### Output Text: | To test this hypothesis we performed an experimental pain study in seven healthy volunteers , using the same positioning in the PET scanner as in the migraine patients . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: A small amount of capsaicin was administered subcutaneously in the right forehead to evoke a burning painful sensation in the first division of the trigeminal nerve .
### Output Text: | A small amount of <span class="chemical">capsaicin</span> was administered subcutaneously in the right forehead to evoke a burning painful sensation in the first division of the trigeminal nerve . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Increases of regional cerebral blood flow ( rCBF ) were found bilaterally in the insula , in the anterior cingulate cortex , the cavernous sinus and the cerebellum .
### Output Text: | Increases of regional cerebral blood flow ( rCBF ) were found bilaterally in the insula , in the anterior cingulate cortex , the cavernous sinus and the cerebellum . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Using the same stereotactic space limits as in the above mentioned migraine study no brain stem activation was found in the acute pain state compared to the pain free state .
### Output Text: | Using the same stereotactic space limits as in the above mentioned migraine study no brain stem activation was found in the acute pain state compared to the pain free state . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The increase of activation in the region of the cavernous sinus however , suggests that this structure is more likely to be involved in trigeminal transmitted pain as such , rather than in a specific type of headache as was suggested for cluster headache .
### Output Text: | The increase of activation in the region of the cavernous sinus however , suggests that this structure is more likely to be involved in trigeminal transmitted pain as such , rather than in a specific type of headache as was suggested for cluster headache . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Value of methylprednisolone in prevention of the arthralgia - myalgia syndrome associated with the total dose infusion of iron dextran : a double blind randomized trial .
### Output Text: | Value of <span class="chemical">methylprednisolone</span> in prevention of the arthralgia - myalgia syndrome associated with the total dose infusion of <span class="chemical">iron dextran</span> : a double blind randomized trial . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The safety and efficacy of total dose infusion ( TDI ) of iron dextran has been well documented .
### Output Text: | The safety and efficacy of total dose infusion ( TDI ) of <span class="chemical">iron dextran</span> has been well documented . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: In 40 % of treated patients , an arthralgia - myalgia syndrome develops .
### Output Text: | In 40 % of treated patients , an arthralgia - myalgia syndrome develops . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The purpose of this randomized , double - blind , prospective study was to investigate whether intravenous ( i . v . ) administration of methylprednisolone ( MP ) prevents this complication .
### Output Text: | The purpose of this randomized , double - blind , prospective study was to investigate whether intravenous ( i . v . ) administration of <span class="chemical">methylprednisolone</span> ( <span class="chemical">MP</span> ) prevents this complication . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Sixty - five patients , 34 women and 31 men , ages 36 to 80 years , received either normal saline before and after TDI ( group 1 ) , 125 mg i . v . MP before and saline after TDI ( group 2 ) , or 125 mg i . v . MP before and after TDI ( group 3 ) .
### Output Text: | Sixty - five patients , 34 women and 31 men , ages 36 to 80 years , received either normal saline before and after TDI ( group 1 ) , 125 mg i . v . <span class="chemical">MP</span> before and saline after TDI ( group 2 ) , or 125 mg i . v . <span class="chemical">MP</span> before and after TDI ( group 3 ) . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Patients were observed for 72 hours and reactions were recorded and graded according to severity .
### Output Text: | Patients were observed for 72 hours and reactions were recorded and graded according to severity . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Fifty - eight percent of group 1 patients , 33 % of group 2 , and 26 % of group 3 had reactions to TDI .
### Output Text: | Fifty - eight percent of group 1 patients , 33 % of group 2 , and 26 % of group 3 had reactions to TDI . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: The severity of reactions ( minimal , mild , and moderate , respectively ) was as follows : group 1 - - 6 , 6 , and 2 ; group 2 - - 1 , 5 , and 0 ; group 3 - - 5 , 1 , and 0 .
### Output Text: | The severity of reactions ( minimal , mild , and moderate , respectively ) was as follows : group 1 - - 6 , 6 , and 2 ; group 2 - - 1 , 5 , and 0 ; group 3 - - 5 , 1 , and 0 . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: Data were analyzed by the two - sided Fisher ' s exact test using 95 % confidence intervals with the approximation of Woolf .
### Output Text: | Data were analyzed by the two - sided Fisher ' s exact test using 95 % confidence intervals with the approximation of Woolf . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: These data demonstrate that administration of MP before and after TDI reduces the frequency and severity of the arthralgia - myalgia syndrome .
### Output Text: | These data demonstrate that administration of <span class="chemical">MP</span> before and after TDI reduces the frequency and severity of the arthralgia - myalgia syndrome . |
In the sentence extracted from biomedical literature, identify all the chemical entities. The required answer format is the same sentence with HTML <span> tags to mark up specific entities.
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### Input Text: We conclude that 125 mg i . v . MP should be given routinely before and after TDI of iron dextran .
### Output Text: | We conclude that 125 mg i . v . <span class="chemical">MP</span> should be given routinely before and after TDI of <span class="chemical">iron dextran</span> . |