Umchazamhlaba yisigaba solwazi oluphathelene nomhlaba esihlala kuwo nokuqonda izehlakalo zawo, umumo wawo, ukubonakala kwawo nokunye okungokwemvelo yomhlaba. NgesiNgisi kuthiwa yi-"Geography". NgokoMchazamhlaba sibona "ukuhlukaniswa komhlaba" okuyizitho zomhlaba ezahlukahlukene. Lapho singabala khona ulwandle, umhlaba, izwekazi, umkhuluzwekazi ("super-continent"), izwe, isiqhingi ("island"), nokunye. Izinhlobo zomhlabasiqu ziyizinhlobo zezinto ezenziwa wumhlaba, njengamagquma, izintaba, izigodi, njalonjalo. Nanti ezinye izibonelo ngezansi: amaKhwanguqele ("aeolian islands") amaThungulu ("coasts") iMvuthuluka ("erosion") iGudlumfula ("fluvial erosion") amaGadlazwana ("impact landforms") imiGede ("karsts") amaShezi ("sedimentary rock formations") iziNtaba iziThambeka ("slopes") amaZabazaba ("tectonic plates") iziNtshaba/iziNtabamlilo ("volcanoes") uKhazenza ("cryogenic weathering") uZulenza ("weathering")