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A_66_253
13|13
zh
en
二. 从各国政府收到关于大会第64/166号决议执行情况的资料
II. Information from Governments with regard to the implementation of General Assembly resolution 64/166
0.835156
0.883711
A_66_253
14|14
zh
en
3. 截至2011年7月26日,除了上一份报告(A/65/156)所载列的答复之外,还收到下列会员国政府关于第64/166号决议执行情况的答复:卡塔尔、葡萄牙和西班牙。下文载列这些答复的摘要。答复全文可向人权高专办索阅。
3. As at 26 July 2011, replies concerning the implementation of General Assembly resolution 64/166, in addition to those included in the previous report (A/65/156), had been received from: Qatar, Portugal and Spain. Summaries of the responses are provided below. The full texts of the responses are available from OHCHR, upon request.
0.47703
0.473683
A_66_253
15|15
zh
en
卡塔尔
Qatar
0.9998
0.9998
A_66_253
16,17|16
zh
en
[原文:阿拉伯文] [2010年7月15日]
[Original: Arabic] [15 July 2010]
0.999966
0.999966
A_66_253
18|17
zh
en
政府的报告称,在卡塔尔国内,保护移民是通过下列几项原则在宪法中加以规定的:正义和慈善,自由、平等和道德等价值观是社会所立足的基础(第18条);法律之前人人平等,不得有基于种族、语言或宗教的歧视(第35条);和依照法律规定,所有在该国居住的人都享有对其人身和财产的法律保护(第52条)。
The Government reported that the protection of migrants in the State of Qatar is a principle enshrined in the Constitution through the following principles: the society is based on the values of justice and charity, freedom, equality and morals (article 18); all people are equal before the law without discrimination on the basis of race, language or religion (article 35); and every person residing in the State has legal protection for his or her person and property, in accordance with the provisions of the law (article 52).
0.47404
0.527637
A_66_253
19|18
zh
en
政府还指出,国家人权委员会负有任务,审查移民提出的不满和申诉,并可将其转送有关当局。劳工部还可以审查雇主和移徙工人雇员之间的争端。调解是解决争端的首选方法。如果还不可能解决,就将案件移送法院。
The Government further noted that the National Commission for Human Rights is mandated to consider grievances and complaints from migrants and can refer them to the concerned authorities. The Ministry of Labour can also consider disputes between employers and migrant worker employees. The preferred method of dispute resolution is mediation. When this is not possible, cases are referred to the courts.
0.52478
0.511362
A_66_253
20|19
zh
en
葡萄牙
Portugal
0.999875
0.999875
A_66_253
21,22|20
zh
en
[原件:英文] [2010年8月5日]
[Original: English] [5 August 2010]
0.999968
0.999968
A_66_253
23|21
zh
en
政府指出,关于外国人进出国家领土的入境、长期居留、出境和驱逐的第23/2007号法令(外国人法)和关于促进处于风险中的儿童和青少年的权利并加以保护的第147/99号法令构成关于单身和失散儿童的国家法律框架。第147/99号法令载列了一套措施,旨在促进处于风险中的儿童和青少年的权利并加以保护,以便确保他们的福祉和整体发展。
The Government noted that Law No. 23/2007 on the entry, permanence, exit and removal of foreigners into and out of national territory (Aliens Act) and Law No. 147/99 on the promotion of the rights and the protection of children and youngsters at risk constitute the national legal framework on unaccompanied and separated children. Law No. 147/99 includes a set of measures aimed at the promotion of rights and protection of children and youngsters at risk in order to ensure their well-being and integral development.
0.464367
0.590642
A_66_253
24|22
zh
en
《葡萄牙共和国宪法》第15条第1款规定,在葡萄牙居住的外国人和无国籍人士享有同葡萄牙公民同样的权利,并负有相同的义务。
The Constitution of the Portuguese Republic, in article 15, paragraph 1, extends to foreigners and stateless persons with residence in Portugal the enjoyment of the same rights, subject to the same duties, as Portuguese citizens.
0.369229
0.387095
A_66_253
25,26|23,24
zh
en
《葡萄牙宪法》第64和第73条规定了关于保健和教育的基本权利。如同《宪法》第16条第1和第2款所述,这些规定具有普及性质,不得以任何限制性解释加以排除。 葡萄牙保健和教育系统的利用具有普及性。这意味着,每个人/儿童都有权获得医疗保健和利用教育设施和服务,而外国公民享有同葡萄牙公民相同的机会,利用保健系统和享受其效益,包括医疗保健、社会保障和社会服务。此外,依照第67/2004号法令,公立学校不得因儿童的父母身份不正常而拒绝其入学。身份不正常的未成年人,其注册资料是保密的。
The right to health and education as fundamental rights are enshrined in articles 64 and 73 of the Portuguese Constitution. These provisions have a universal nature and cannot be excluded by any restrictive interpretation, as laid down in paragraphs 1 and 2 of article 16 of the Constitution. The Portuguese health and education systems are universal. This means that every person/child has the right to access health care and education facilities and services and that foreign citizens have the same access as their co-citizens to the health system and to its advantages, including medical care and social security and social services. In addition, according to Decree Law No. 67/2004, public schooling cannot be refused to children due to the irregular situation of their parents. The registry of irregular minors is confidential.
0.571224
0.575322
A_66_253
27|25
zh
en
卫生部第25 360(2001)号规范性法令规定“所有公民享有保健权利,并负有保护它的义务。因此,在国家领土内生活的移民,一旦感觉生病或需要医疗援助,(在紧急情况下)有权向保健中心或医院求助,而这些机构不得因国籍、经济手段短缺、身份不正常或任何其他理由,拒绝提供援助”。2009年,卫生部发出了第12/DQS/DMD号通告,其中澄清了2001年以来一直遵照的指示。按照其规定,不得拒绝在葡萄牙居住超过90天、身份不正常的移民享受公共医疗照顾,尽管一般而言,他们可能需要承担实际费用。然而,在需要紧急护理和生命攸关的情况下,或是对可能危害或威胁公众健康的传染性疾病,得给予例外考虑。
The Ministry of Health Normative Order No. 25 360 (2001) states that: “All citizens have the right to health and the duty to protect it. An immigrant living in national territory who feels ill or needs medical assistance therefore has the right to be assisted in a health centre or hospital (in case of emergency), and these services cannot refuse to assist him/her because of nationality, lack of economic means, irregular situation or any other reason”. In 2009 the Ministry of Health issued Circular No. 12/DQS/DMD, which clarifies an instruction followed since 2001, according to which irregular immigrants who are in Portugal for over 90 days cannot be refused access to public health care, although, in general terms, they might have to bear the real costs. Exceptions may be made, however, in cases where urgent and vital care are needed, or in case of transmissible diseases that endanger or threaten public health.
0.441709
0.39883
A_66_253
28|26
zh
en
政府报告称,教育部已制定了一项行动计划,协助支援大约8万名在葡萄牙学校就读的非本地学生,同时考虑到在校学生人数的巨大变动,实施同这些学生具体情况相配合的措施,旨在促进他们全面融入教育系统。
The Government reported that the Ministry of Education has put in place an action plan to help support the around 80,000 non-native students enrolled in Portuguese schools, taking into account the deep change in the school population, implementing measures adequate to the specific situation of those students, aiming at contributing to their full integration in the educational system.
0.61398
0.590642
A_66_253
29|27
zh
en
西班牙
Spain
0.9998
0.9998
A_66_253
30,31|28
zh
en
[原件:西班牙文] [2010年7月15日]
[Original: Spanish] [15 July 2010]
0.999967
0.999967
A_66_253
32|29
zh
en
政府报告说,2009年12月12日通过的LO 2/2009号法令引进了对2000年《西班牙境内外国人权利、自由和社会融合法令》的修正案。这些修正案是由于宪政法院两项决定、欧洲联盟指令和西班牙新移民的经验所促成的。虽然移民,不论其身份的行政情况,已经享有紧急保健、妇幼保健的权利,如果是儿童还享有接受教育的权利,但其他一些权利,诸如记入档案的权利、家庭团聚的权利、工作和行动自由的权利,只给予正规移民。宪政法院给予身份不正常的移徙者 下列权利:罢工、组织和加入工会、示威和结社的权利。
The Government reported the amendments introduced by Act LO 2/2009, adopted on 12 December 2009, to the previous Act on the Rights, Freedoms and Social Integration of Foreigners in Spain of 2000. Such amendments were motivated by two decisions of the Constitutional Court, European Union directives and the experience of new migrations to Spain. While migrants, regardless of their administrative situation, already enjoyed the rights to urgent health care, child and maternal health care and education in the case of children, some rights, such as the right to be documented, the right to family reunification, the right to work and to freedom of movement, were granted only to regular migrants. The Constitutional Court extended to irregular migrants the right to strike, and to form and join trade unions, demonstrations and associations.
0.655414
0.632292
A_66_253
33|30
zh
en
政府又报告说,新的修正案进一步承认所有移民的权利,不论其身份的行政状况。新法案还加强了获得司法保护的权利,扩大了家庭团聚的权利,包括保护法定或普通法伙伴、儿童和残疾人的后裔,在某些情况下,还保护家长。
The Government further reported that the new amendments strengthened the recognition of rights to all migrants, irrespective of their administrative condition. The new act also reinforced the right to judicial protection and expanded the right to family reunification, including protection to legal or common law partners, children and descendants with disabilities, and in some cases to parents, under certain conditions.
0.59504
0.629736
A_66_253
34|31
zh
en
新法案还对制裁的实施引进了一些修正案。指导如何实施制裁的原则是:相称性原则(规定:与移徙相关的制裁属于行政制裁而非刑事制裁);法律保障(降低实施制裁的自由裁量权)和共同责任(考虑到西班牙国民诱导非正规移民的责任)。在这方面推出的一些修正案包括:针对移民和诱导或参与有关移民诈欺的西班牙国民,规定一些新的行政罪行;雇用非正规移民和不履行合同义务的包商和分包商共同负责,制订罚款作为初步制裁,从而限制了自由裁量权,只有在特殊情况下才应予以驱逐。新法案还对驱逐规定了一些具体的保证,例如:需要为这种措施提供明确的理由,某些情况下,予以撤消的可能性,对驱逐措施规定某些例外,和保护人口贩运的受害人。
The new act has also introduced amendments regarding the application of sanctions. The principles that guide the application of sanctions are those of proportionality (provided that the sanctions related to the migratory condition are administrative and not criminal), legal guarantees (reduction of the margin of discretion to apply sanctions) and co-responsibility (consideration of the responsibility of Spanish nationals promoting irregular migration). Some of the amendments introduced in this regard include the provision of new administrative offences, both for migrants and for Spanish nationals that have promoted or participated in fraud regarding migrants, the joint liability of contracting and subcontracting enterprises when hiring irregular migrants and failing to comply with their contractual obligations and the establishment of fines as prima facie sanctions, thus limiting the discretion to effect expulsions, which should be exceptional. The new act includes some specific guarantees regarding expulsions: the need to provide explicit justification for such measures, the possibility of revocation in some cases, the provision of some exceptions to expulsion and protections for victims of human trafficking.
0.470255
0.491124
A_66_253
35|32
zh
en
该法令还包括一些有关移民拘留中心的修正案,把这些设施当作预防设施,而不是惩治犯罪的设施。该法规规定了拘留的替代措施,为这种拘留设定60天限制,并确保被拘留者有机会向保护移民权利的非政府组织和国家和国际机构求助。
The act also includes some amendments regarding immigration detention centres, which are not considered criminal but precautionary facilities. The legislation provides for alternatives to detention, sets a 60-day limit for such detention and ensures detainees access to non-governmental organizations and national and international bodies working to protect the rights of migrants.
0.58308
0.488606
A_66_253
36|33
zh
en
政府强调,西班牙法规对单身移徙儿童的权利提供了保护。这种立法的指导原则是:儿童的最佳利益;维护他们与其家庭的联系;社会和家庭融合。在这方面,西班牙的法律框架考虑到若干灵活的可能性,考虑到立即保护的必要,是否有家庭成员或其他人可以照顾这些儿童和儿童的原籍国是否提供社会保障服务。
The Government highlighted the protection provided by the Spanish legislation to the rights of unaccompanied migrant children. The principles guiding such legislation are: the best interest of the child; the preservation of the contact with his/her family; and social and family integration. In this regard, the Spanish legal framework considers a number of flexible possibilities, taking into account the need for immediate protection, the existence of family members or other persons who could take charge of the child and the existence of social protection services in his/her country of origin.
0.585461
0.626049
A_66_253
37|34
zh
en
三. 从各国政府收到的关于大会第65/212号决议执行情况的资料
III. Information from Governments with regard to the implementation of General Assembly resolution 65/212
0.760861
0.833323
A_66_253
38|35
zh
en
4. 截至2011年7月26日,下列会员国政府答复了2011年6月7日发出的普通照会:阿塞拜疆,塞浦路斯,厄瓜多尔,洪都拉斯,毛里求斯和斯洛伐克共和国。下文载列这些答复的摘要。全文可向人权高专办索阅。
4. As at 26 July 2011, the Governments of the following Member States had replied to the note verbale sent on 7 June 2011: Azerbaijan, Cyprus, Ecuador, Honduras, Mauritius and Slovakia. Informal summaries of the responses are provided below. The full texts of the responses are available, upon request, from OHCHR.
0.590907
0.68122
A_66_253
39|36
zh
en
阿塞拜疆
Azerbaijan
0.9999
0.9999
A_66_253
40,41|37
zh
en
[原件:英文] [2011年7月14日]
[Original: English] [14 July 2011]
0.999967
0.999967
A_66_253
42|38
zh
en
政府报告说,它已批准了与移民问题相关的若干国际文书,其中包括:《联合国打击跨国有组织犯罪公约》及其《关于预防、禁止和惩治贩运人口特别是妇女和儿童行为的补充议定书》和《关于打击陆、海、空偷运移民的补充议定书》。
The Government reported that it had ratified a number of international instruments relevant to migration, including the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and its Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children, and its Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air.
0.925563
0.899368
A_66_253
43|39
zh
en
根据1995年通过的《阿塞拜疆宪法》第69条第1款的规定,外国人和无国籍人士享有同公民相同的权利。与行动和工作相关的具体权利已载入1996年通过的关于“外国人和无国籍人士法律地位”的法律。政府又指出,2009年3月4日第69号总统令简化了抵达该国居住或工作的外国人和无国籍人士的登记程序。
According to article 69, paragraph 1, of the Constitution of Azerbaijan adopted in 1995, foreigners and stateless persons enjoy equal rights with citizens. Specific rights related to movement and work are reflected in the law on the “Legal status of foreigners and stateless persons” which was adopted in 1996. The Government further noted that Presidential Decree No. 69, dated 4 March 2009, simplifies the procedures for registration of foreigners and stateless persons arriving in the country for residence or work.
0.633256
0.712819
A_66_253
44|40
zh
en
为保护移民权利的目的而详尽讨论的一项移民法已提交阿塞拜疆内阁。阿塞拜疆移民事务处同其他国家移民当局以及国际组织合作,以便保护移民的权利。移民事务处还通过移民信息中心推行提高认识活动。
A draft migration code, which has been elaborated for the purpose of protecting the rights of migrants, has been presented to the Cabinet of Ministers of Azerbaijan. The Migration Service of Azerbaijan collaborates with the migration authorities of other countries, as well as with international organizations, in order to protect the rights of migrants. The Migration Service also carried out awareness- raising activities through its Migration Information Centre.
0.404522
0.459999
A_66_253
45|41
zh
en
塞浦路斯
Cyprus
0.999833
0.999833
A_66_253
46,47|42
zh
en
[原件:英文] [2011年7月18日]
[Original: English] [18 July 2011]
0.999967
0.999967
A_66_253
48|43
zh
en
政府指出,尽管该国尚未批准《保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利国际公约》,它已采取具体措施,保护移民权利。
The Government noted that although it had not ratified the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, it had taken specific measures to protect the rights of migrants.
0.818178
0.786404
A_66_253
49|44
zh
en
2010年10月13日,部长会议核准了为合法居住在塞浦路斯境内的第三国国民融入社会而制订的2010-2012年头一个全国行动计划,其中包括在欧洲联盟范围内制定的各项原则所派生而出的八项支柱行动。这些支柱是:信息,服务和透明度;就业;教育,学习语言;健康;住房,改善生活品质,社会保护和互动;学习文化,公民参与,对塞浦路斯政治和社会生活的基本知识;参与;和评价。
The first national action plan 2010-2012 for the integration of third country nationals legally residing in Cyprus, approved by the Council of Ministers on 13 October 2010, includes eight pillars for action derived from principles developed within the European Union. These pillars are: information, services and transparency; employment; education, learning the language; health; housing, improving quality of life, social protection and interaction; learning the culture, civic participation, basic knowledge of political and social life in Cyprus; participation; and evaluation.
0.711728
0.714569
A_66_253
50|45
zh
en
政府又指出,贩运人口被认为是一种跨境犯罪现象,打击这种现象是内政部及贩运人口多学科协调小组的首要任务之一。2010年4月22日,部长理事会通过了一项打击人口贩运的新的全国行动计划。该行动计划已开始实施,包括出版信息资料和在2010年10月18日就该行动计划举办了一次提高认识活动。
The Government further noted that trafficking in human beings is considered a cross-border criminal phenomenon and that combating this phenomenon is one of the top priorities of the Ministry of Interior and the Multidisciplinary Coordinating Group against Trafficking in Human Beings. On 22 April 2010, the Council of Ministers adopted a new national action plan against trafficking in human beings. The implementation of the action plan has already commenced, including the publication of information materials and an awareness-raising event on the plan held on 18 October 2010.
0.608518
0.707546
A_66_253
51|46
zh
en
厄瓜多尔
Ecuador
0.999857
0.999857
A_66_253
52,53|47
zh
en
[原件:英文] [2011年7月14日]
[Original: Spanish] [14 July 2011]
0.733309
0.733309
A_66_253
54|48
zh
en
政府报告说,厄瓜多尔已于2001年10月18日批准了《保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利国际公约》,并且已向保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利委员会提交了两份报告,说明为履行根据公约所承担的义务,已采取了那些措施。
The Government reported that Ecuador had ratified the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families on 18 October 2001 and had presented two reports to the Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, elaborating measures taken to fulfil its obligations under the Convention.
0.911851
0.940436
A_66_253
55|49
zh
en
政府指出,国家移民秘书处已于2007年3月升格为部级单位,并为移民制订了国家计划,除了别的以外,旨在促进和保护移民的人权。
The Government noted that the National Secretariat for Migrants had been elevated to the ministerial level in March 2007, and that it had enacted a national development plan for migrants, which aims, inter alia, to protect and promote their human rights.
0.453269
0.468597
A_66_253
56|50
zh
en
政府还报告说,获得保健服务和接受教育的权利都得到《宪法》保证,而可以享受这些权利的人,范围已扩及外国人。所有移徙儿童,不论其法律身份为何,接受教育的权利都得到保证。此外,还取得了重大进展,确保在厄瓜多尔出生的所有儿童都拥有国籍,不论其父母的法律身份为何。此外,身为厄瓜多尔公民的儿童,其父母都能获得合法身份。
The Government further reported that the right to health and to education are guaranteed by the Constitution and that such rights are also extended to foreigners. All migrant children, irrespective of their legal status, are guaranteed the right to education. In addition, important advances have been made to ensure that all children born in Ecuador have nationality, regardless of the legal status of their parents. In addition, parents of children who are Ecuadorian citizens are able to obtain a legal status.
0.607389
0.633733
A_66_253
57|51
zh
en
《宪法》第61、95和第102条规定,身为移徙工人的厄瓜多尔人都有权参与公共事务。此外,第63条对在厄瓜多尔合法居住至少五年的外国人,授予投票权。
Articles 61, 95 and 102 of the Constitution provide the right to participation in public affairs for Ecuadorians who are migrant workers. In addition, article 63 gives the right to vote to foreigners who have resided legally in Ecuador for at least five years.
0.557601
0.562788
A_66_253
58|52
zh
en
洪都拉斯
Honduras
0.999875
0.999875
A_66_253
59,60|53
zh
en
[原件:英文] [2011年7月20日]
[Original: Spanish] [20 July 2011]
0.733309
0.733309
A_66_253
61|54
zh
en
2008年2月27日,政府在《洪都拉斯官方公报》中报称,它已通过创设“处境危急的洪都拉斯移民团结基金”为移民拨供专项资源。该基金的指定年度预算为1 500万伦皮拉,并应按洪都拉斯中央银行为前一年确定的通货膨胀指数,每年增加相等的百分数。这些资金可分拨给资金短缺的移民,充供下列用途:送返已死者;病重者;截肢者;绝症病人;向绑架受害者提供援助;遣返单身的未成年人;遣返处境危急的男子和妇女;寻找迁移过程中失踪的人;紧急援助通过空中或陆地驱逐出境的移徙者。政府还报称,这笔基金的主要受益者是居住在美利坚合众国的80万至100万洪都拉斯人,其中约有73 000人处于临时受保护的地位。
On 27 February 2008, the Government reported in the Official Journal of Honduras that it had assigned resources for migrants through the creation of the “Solidarity Fund for Honduran Migrants in Vulnerable Situations”. The Fund contains an assigned annual budget of 15 million lempiras, which should be increased annually by a percentage equivalent to the inflation index established by the Central Bank of Honduras for the previous year. These funds can be allocated to migrants with scarce financial resources for: repatriation of the deceased; serious health conditions; amputations; terminal illnesses; assistance to victims of kidnappings; repatriation of non-accompanied minors; repatriation of men and women in vulnerable conditions; search of persons that went missing during the migration process; and immediate assistance to migrants deported by air or land. The Government further reported that the main beneficiaries of the fund are the 800,000 to 1,000,000 Hondurans who reside in the United States of America, approximately 73,000 of whom are in temporary protected status.
0.535059
0.528784
A_66_253
62|55
zh
en
洪都拉斯已签署和批准下列国际公约:《保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利国际公约》以及洪都拉斯国家人权委员会和墨西哥国家人权委员会之间的合作和国际援助协定。
Honduras has signed and ratified the following international conventions: International Convention for the Protection of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families and the agreement for collaboration and international assistance between the National Commission for Human Rights of Honduras and the National Commission for Human Rights of Mexico.
0.710524
0.799997
A_66_253
63|56
zh
en
毛里求斯
Mauritius
0.999889
0.999889
A_66_253
64,65|57
zh
en
[原件:英文] [2011年7月18日]
[Original: English] [18 July 2011]
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0.999967
A_66_253
66|58
zh
en
政府报告称,根据国家法规,比照对当地工人所作的规定,移徙工人享有相同的就业条件。《宪法》第16款规定,任何法律本身或其所生效果都不得具有歧视性。2008年《就业权利法案》平等适用于当地劳工以及外籍劳工,保证在就业条款和条件方面以及在雇主终止聘用的时候,后者获得平等保护。
The Government reported that under national legislation migrant workers enjoy the same terms and conditions of employment as those laid down for local workers. Section 16 of the Constitution provides that no law shall contain any provision that is discriminatory either in and of itself or in its effect. The Employment Rights Act 2008 applies equally to local and expatriate workers, guaranteeing to the latter equal protection in terms and conditions of employment and in the event of termination of employment by their employer.
0.488838
0.544775
A_66_253
67|59
zh
en
政府指出,2008年《就业权利法案》还保证移徙工人结社自由的基本权利,以及保护他们组织起来进行集体谈判的权利。
The Government noted that the Employment Rights Act of 2008 also guarantees the fundamental right of migrant workers to freedom of association and protects their right to organize and engage in collective bargaining.
0.788039
0.895056
A_66_253
69,70|61
zh
en
[原件:英文] [2011年7月21日]
[Original: English] [21 July 2011]
0.999967
0.999967
A_66_253
71|62
zh
en
政府报告称,政府支持在该国合法居留的所有外国人享有同等的就业机会,并确保他们在招聘、工作条件和职业健康及安全方面,享受同等待遇。
The Government reported that it supports equal access to employment for all foreigners who have legal residence in the country, ensuring them equal treatment in terms of recruitment, working conditions and occupational health and safety.
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0.602868
A_66_253
72|63
zh
en
关于在某些领域享受同等待遇的第365/2004号特别法令,包括提供保护,免受歧视的条款(反歧视法)规定,雇主有义务遵照平等待遇原则对待所有雇员。
Special law No. 365/2004 Coll. on equal treatment in certain areas, including protection against discrimination (anti-discrimination act), provides that employers are obliged to treat all employees in accordance with the principle of equal treatment.
0.764973
0.737774
A_66_253
73|64
zh
en
政府指出,为了保护移徙者的权利,有关劳工、社会事务和家庭问题的办事处都通过欧洲联盟职业流动情况门户网站及其各部门免费提供关于工作机会和社会服务的信息。还由几个非政府组织提供社会和法律方面的咨询。
The Government noted that in order to protect the rights of migrants, free support services as well as information on work opportunities and social services are provided free of charge by the offices of labour, social affairs and family through the European Union job mobility portal (EURES) and its departments. Social and legal counselling are also provided by several non-governmental organizations.
0.611109
0.678569
A_66_253
74|65
zh
en
政府还报称,制订了庇护程序,以便向需要国际保护的人士,包括非法进入斯洛伐克领土的人提供保护。《庇护法》还规定,有可能根据人道主义理由给予庇护,包括送返原籍国可能会对他们生命构成严重威胁的老人、病人或残疾人。
The Government also reported the existence of asylum procedures to provide protection to persons in need of international protection, including persons who have entered the territory of Slovakia illegally. The Asylum Act also contains the possibility of granting asylum on humanitarian grounds, including to elderly, ill or disabled people whose return to their country of origin could pose a serious threat to their lives.
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0.699688
A_66_253
75,76|66,67
zh
en
四. 人权理事会移徙者人权问题特别报告员的活动 5. 移徙者人权问题特别报告员依照人权理事会第8/10和第17/12号决议开展活动,该决议将移徙者人权问题特别报告员的任务期限延长了三年。
IV. Activities of the Special Rapporteur of the Human Rights Council on the human rights of migrants 5. The activities of the Special Rapporteur are carried out in accordance with Human Rights Council resolutions 8/10 and 17/12, by which the Council extended the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants for a period of three years.
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0.831855
A_66_253
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zh
en
6. 在本报告所述期间,特别报告员继续倡导用基于人权的方式处理移徙问题以及在移徙进程各个阶段保护移徙者人权。在履行其任务时,特别报告员同很多国际和区域组织以及民间社会的代表会面,讨论与其工作有关的问题。
6. During the reporting period, the Special Rapporteur continued to advocate a human rights-based approach to migration and the protection of the human rights of migrants at all stages of the migratory process. In discharging his mandate, the Special Rapporteur met with numerous representatives of international and regional organizations, as well as of civil society, to discuss issues related to his work.
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0.827378
A_66_253
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zh
en
7. 2010年3月3日至5日在马德里,特别报告员出席了国际移民组织和世界卫生组织共同举办的关于移民健康问题的全球协商。2010年10月6日和7日,他在西班牙马德里参加了由美洲房屋协会举办的美洲万岁节,同时出席的还有:关于贩卖儿童、儿童卖淫和儿童色情制品问题特别报告员和关于当代形式的奴役问题特别报告员。2010年10月4日至8日,他在西班牙巴塞罗那参加了全球儿童运动、联合王国拯救儿童组织和Moviment Mun私营基金会的dial a Favor de la Infancia共同举办的一次会议,题为“移动中的儿童”。
7. The Special Rapporteur attended the Global Consultation on Migrant Health, organized by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) and the World Health Organization (WHO) in Madrid from 3 to 5 March 2010. On 6 and 7 October 2010, he participated at the Festival Viva América, organized by Casa de América, in Madrid, Spain. From 4 to 8 October 2010, together with the Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography and the Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, he participated in a conference entitled “Children on the Move”, organized by the Global Movement for Children, Save the Children UK and the Fundació Privada Moviment Mundial a Favor de la Infància, in Barcelona, Spain, from 4 to 8 October 2010.
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A_66_253
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en
8. 2010年10月22日,特别报告员向大会提交其年度报告(A/65/222)。该报告着重讨论一项问题:将移徙视为犯罪。
8. On 22 October 2010, the Special Rapporteur presented his annual report to the General Assembly (A/65/222). The report focused on the criminalization of migration.
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A_66_253
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en
9. 2010年11月8日至11日,特别报告员在巴亚尔塔港参加了墨西哥政府主办的第四届全球移徙与发展论坛。论坛重点讨论:移徙和人类发展之间的伙伴关系。
9. From 8 to 11 November 2010, the Special Representative participated in the Fourth Meeting of the Global Forum on Migration and Development, hosted by the Government of Mexico in Puerto Vallarta. The Forum focused on partnerships for migration and human development.
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A_66_253
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en
10. 在人权理事会第十七届会议上,特别报告员向理事会提交了由即将离任的移徙者人权问题特别报告员Jorge Bustamante编制的最后一份年度专题报告(A/HRC/17/33)。特别报告员在该报告第一部分重述,自获得提名之后,他特别着重研究的一些主要的专题问题,即:非正常移徙和把移徙视为犯罪、在移徙进程中保护儿童和移民获得住房和保健的权利。他在报告第二部分中,根据其任务规定,建议了若干值得进一步研究的可能专题。他认为,需要进一步研究和讨论的两项专题是:在气候变化背景下的移徙问题;和移民的政治参与和公民权利。
10. At the seventeenth session of the Human Rights Council, the annual thematic report, and the final to be submitted by the outgoing Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants, Jorge Bustamante, was presented to the Council (A/HRC/17/33). In the first part of the report, the Special Representative recapitulated some of the main thematic issues he has focused on since his nomination, namely irregular migration and the criminalization of migrants, protection of children in the migration process and the right to housing and health of migrants. In the second part, he proposed a few possible themes which merit further research under the mandate. The two themes he considered important for further research and discussion are: migration in the context of climate change; and the political participation and civil rights of migrants.
0.449438
0.488549
A_66_253
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zh
en
11. 特别报告员还提交了下列报告:向各国政府发出的通讯和收到的答复(A/HRC/ 17/33/Add.1)和他前往下列国家履行任务的报告:塞内加尔(A/HRC/17/33/Add.2),日本(A/HRC/17/33/Add.3)和南非(A/HRC/17/33/Add.4)。
11. The Special Rapporteur also presented a report on the communications sent to Governments and the replies received (A/HRC/17/33/Add.1) and reports on his country missions to Senegal (A/HRC/17/33/Add.2), Japan (A/HRC/17/33/Add.3) and South Africa (A/HRC/17/33/Add.4).
0.796607
0.82819
A_66_253
83|74
zh
en
12. 人权理事会在其第十七届会议上,任命François Crépeau(加拿大)为新一任移徙者人权问题特别报告员。
12. At the seventeenth session of the Human Rights Council, François Crépeau (Canada) was appointed as the new Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants.
0.722622
0.767436
A_66_253
84|75
zh
en
五. 《保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利国际公约》的现况
V. Status of the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families
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0.99999
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13. 《保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利国际公约》于2003年7月1日生效。截至2009年7月1日,有44个国家批准了《公约》:阿尔巴尼亚、阿尔及利亚、阿根廷、阿塞拜疆、伯利兹、多民族玻利维亚国、波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、布基纳法索、佛得角、智利、哥伦比亚、厄瓜多尔、埃及、萨尔瓦多、加纳、危地马拉、几内亚、圭亚那、洪都拉斯、牙买加、吉尔吉斯斯坦、莱索托、阿拉伯利比亚民众国、马里、毛里塔尼亚、墨西哥、摩洛哥、尼加拉瓜、尼日尔、尼日利亚、巴拉圭、秘鲁、菲律宾、卢旺达、圣文森特和格林纳丁斯、塞内加尔、塞舌尔、斯里兰卡、阿拉伯叙利亚共和国、塔吉克斯坦、东帝汶、土耳其、乌干达和乌拉圭。《公约》生效有助于确立保护移徙者,包括身份不正常移民的人权保护机制。敦促所有尚未加入该《公约》的会员国考虑迅速加入这一文书。
13. The International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families entered into force on 1 July 2003. As at 1 July 2009, 44 States had ratified the Convention: Albania, Algeria, Argentina, Azerbaijan, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Bosnia and Herzegovina, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Honduras, Jamaica, Kyrgyzstan, Lesotho, the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Mali, Mauritania, Mexico, Morocco, Nicaragua, the Niger, Nigeria, Paraguay, Peru, the Philippines, Rwanda, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Senegal, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, the Syrian Arab Republic, Tajikistan, Timor-Leste, Turkey, Uganda and Uruguay. The entry into force of the Convention assists in securing a protective mechanism for the human rights of migrants, including those in irregular situations. All Member States that have not yet become parties to the Convention are urged to consider acceding to it promptly.
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0.861788
A_66_253
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六. 保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利委员会
VI. Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families
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14. 委员会由14名独立专家组成,监测缔约国执行《公约》的情况。自2004年3月举行第一届会议以来,委员会审议了15个缔约国提交的初次报告和两份定期报告。
14. The Committee, which is composed of 14 independent experts, monitors the implementation of the Convention by its States parties. Since its first session, held in March 2004, the Committee has considered the initial reports submitted by 15 States parties and two periodic reports.
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0.685182
A_66_253
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15. 委员会在2009年11月22日至12月3日举行的第十三届会议上审议了阿尔巴尼亚和塞内加尔的初次报告(CMW/C/ALB/1和CMW/C/SEN/1)和厄瓜多尔的第二次定期报告(CMW/C/ECU/2)。在2011年4月4日至8日举行的第十四届会议上审议了墨西哥的第二次定期报告(CMW/C/MEX/2)。[2] 委员会提出的常见问题包括:需要采取措施,使得法规符合《公约》各条款的规定;亟需收集数据,协助拟订健全的移民政策、需要就《公约》所规定的各项权利,向在移民领域工作的所有官员,加强和扩大培训方案;亟需确保所有移徙工人及其家庭成员,包括身份不正常的移民,实际上有机会为侵害其权利的情事获得有效的补救措施;需要有效保护移徙者,包括过境的人、在处理移民问题的不同机构之间需要进行有效的协调;需要监督招聘机构和需要持续采取措施,旨在预防和打击走私和贩运人口。
15. At its thirteenth session, held from 22 November to 3 December 2010, the Committee considered the initial reports of Albania and Senegal (CMW/C/ALB/1 and CMW/C/SEN/1) and the second periodic report of Ecuador (CMW/C/ECU/2). At its fourteenth session, held from 4 to 8 April 2011, the Committee considered the second periodic report of Mexico (CMW/C/MEX/2).[2] The common issues raised by the Committee included: the need for measures to bring legislation into line with the provisions of the Convention; the importance of data collection to assist in the development of sound migration policies; the need to strengthen and expand training programmes for all officials working in the area of migration on the rights enshrined in the Convention; the importance of ensuring that in practice all migrant workers and members of their families, including those in an irregular situation, had access to an effective remedy for the violation of their rights; the need for effective protection of migrants, including those in transit; the need for effective coordination among the different agencies dealing with migration issues; the need to supervise recruitment agencies; and the importance of continuing measures aimed at preventing and combating smuggling and trafficking in human beings.
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0.69989
A_66_253
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16. 委员会在其第十三届会议上通过了关于移徙家庭佣工的第1号一般性评论。一般性评论通过之前进行了透彻的协商过程,包括三次公众会议和在2009年10月14日举行了关于移徙家庭佣工问题的一般性讨论日。
16. At its thirteenth session, the Committee adopted its general comment No. 1 on Migrant Domestic Workers. The adoption of the general comment followed a thorough process of consultation, including three public meetings and a day of general discussion on migrant domestic workers, which was held on 14 October 2009.
0.625466
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A_66_253
90|81
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en
17. 2010年举行了《保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利国际公约》20周年的纪念活动。委员会借这个机会,举行了一系列讨论,审查《公约》在移徙与发展以及移徙与性别问题领域所取得的成就,并提出了委员会关于更广泛批准和更有效实施《公约》的观点。
17. The twentieth anniversary of the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families was commemorated in 2010. The Committee marked the occasion with a series of discussions examining the accomplishments of the Convention in the areas of migration and development and migration and gender and presented its perspective on the wider ratification and more effective implementation of the Convention.
0.790279
0.770572
A_66_253
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en
18. 委员会审议了下列两个国家的第二次定期报告:厄瓜多尔(见CMW/C/ECU/2)和墨西哥(见CMW/C/MEX/2)。委员会在这两次情况下都确认缔约国为履行其公约所规定的义务而作出的努力和采取的步骤。就厄瓜多尔而言,委员会欢迎(如同委员会2007年作出的建议)该国对希望离开的国民和外国人取消了出境许可证的要求。它还注意到,第337/2008号部长决定业已生效。(依照委员会此前的建议)该决定保证,不论其移民身份为何,移徙工人的子女,包括青少年在内,都有机会加入学前班和接受小学和中学教育。就墨西哥而言,依照委员会2009年提出的建议,缔约国承认,委员会有权接受和审议个人按照《公约》第七十七条规定提交的来文;缔约国已通过《预防和惩治人口贩运法》和《妇女有权享受无暴力生活法》;和缔约国将人口贩运罪行纳入联邦刑法典。
18. The Committee has examined the second periodic reports of two countries: Ecuador (see CMW/C/ECU/2) and Mexico (see CMW/C/MEX/2). In both cases, the Committee recognized the efforts made and the steps taken by the States parties to implement their obligations under the Convention. In the case of Ecuador, the Committee welcomed the abolition of the exit permit requirement for nationals and foreigners wishing to leave the country (as recommended by the Committee in 2007) and also noted the entry into force of Ministerial Decision No. 337/2008, which guarantees access to preschool, primary and secondary education for children, including adolescents, of migrant workers, regardless of their migratory status (in line with the Committee’s previous recommendation). In the case of Mexico, following the recommendations made by the Committee in 2006, the State party: recognized the Committee’s competence to receive and consider communications from individuals under article 77 of the Convention; adopted the Act to Prevent and Punish Trafficking in Persons and the General Act on Women’s Access to a Life Free of Violence; and incorporated the offence of human trafficking into its federal criminal code.
0.457198
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A_66_253
92|83
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七. 人权理事会普遍定期审议
VII. Universal periodic review mechanism of the Human Rights Council
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19. 2006年,大会在其第60/251号决议中决定,人权理事会应普遍定期审查联合国每个会员国履行人权义务和承诺的情况。2008年、2009年、2010年和2011年,理事会普遍定期审查工作组的头10次会议期间,对159个国家的情况进行了审查,向一些国家提出了有关保护移徙者的建议。[3] 建议包括:审查关于移徙者的国家立法和政策并确保其符合国际人权法;[4] 采取条约行动,包括有关《保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利国际公约》的行动;[5] 与理事会各项特别程序合作,包括与移徙者人权问题特别报告员合作;[6] 执行联合国人权机制的建议。[7] 其他建议涉及尤其是在享受经济、社会和文化权利,包括教育和保健服务方面的不歧视和平等,[8] 其中特别提到儿童和移徙妇女;[9] 对没有身份文件的移民取消刑事制裁;[10] 考虑对移徙者采取替代拘留的其他措施;[11] 使移徙工人可以获得司法和法律援助;[12] 确保尤其是执法官员尊重移徙者的权利。[13]
19. In 2006, the General Assembly, in its resolution 60/251, decided that the Human Rights Council should undertake a universal periodic review of the fulfilment by each State Member of the United Nations of its human rights obligations and commitments. During the reviews of 159 States undertaken at the 10 sessions of the Council’s Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review in 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011, recommendations were directed at a number of States concerning the protection of migrants.[3] Recommendations included to: review and ensure that national legislation and policies on migrants complied with international human rights law;[4] take treaty action, including with regard to the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families;[5] cooperate with the special procedures, including the Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants;[6] and implement the recommendations of United Nations human rights mechanisms.[7] Other recommendations concerned non-discrimination and equality, especially in access to economic, social and cultural rights, including education and health services,[8] with particular reference to children and migrant women;[9] elimination of criminal sanctions against undocumented migrants;[10] consideration of alternative measures to the detention of migrants;[11] enabling access to justice and legal aid for migrant workers;[12] ensuring that the rights of migrants were respected, particularly by law enforcement officials.[13]
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八. 联合国人权事务高级专员办事处的活动
VIII. Activities of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
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20. 人权高专办继续努力加强保护移徙者人权的工作,并确保将移徙者人权的观点纳入国家、区域和全球各级的移徙问题讨论中。
20. OHCHR continues its efforts to strengthen the protection of the human rights of migrants and to ensure that the perspective of the human rights of migrants is included in migration discussions at the national, regional and global levels.
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21. 人权高专办倡导将人权规范和标准纳入移徙政策的所有方面。办事处致力确保移徙者享受人权,不受歧视,并同各国和其他利益攸关方合作,把以人权为基础的办法适用于移民问题,移民置于移徙政策和管理的核心,并特别重视移民中被边缘化的弱势群体。人权高专办的工作着重下列几个专题领域:移徙问题;打击对移民的歧视、种族主义和仇外心理;促进移民的经济、社会和文化权利;反对将非正常移民视为犯罪;在移民拘留方面主张可求助于保障措施和拘留移民的替代措施;和在混合移徙的情况下保护人权。联合国人权事务高级专员在其公开发言中一再呼吁,促进和保护所有移民的人权,不论其身份为何。
21. OHCHR promotes the integration of human rights norms and standards in all aspects of migration policy. The Office works to ensure that migrants enjoy human rights without discrimination and works with States and other stakeholders to apply a human rights-based approach to migration, placing the migrants at the centre of migration policies and management and paying particular attention to the situation of marginalized and disadvantaged groups of migrants. A number of thematic areas focus the work of OHCHR on migration; combating discrimination, racism and xenophobia against migrants; promoting the economic, social and cultural rights of migrants; opposing the criminalization of irregular migration; advocating access to safeguards in the context of immigration detention and to alternatives to the detention of migrants; and protecting human rights in the context of mixed migration. In her public statements, the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights has consistently called for the promotion and protection of the human rights of all migrants, regardless of their status.
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22. 2010年9月,人权高专办在人权理事会第十五届会议上提交一份研究报告,论及在移徙环境下保护儿童权利的国际框架,以及加以实施的最佳做法和所面对的挑战。这项研究受到会员国的欢迎。[14]
22. In September 2010, OHCHR presented a study at the fifteenth session of the Human Rights Council on challenges and best practices in the implementation of the international framework for the protection of the rights of the child in the context of migration. The study was welcomed by Member States.[14]
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23. 尽管它积极参与全球移民小组的工作,人权高专办也力图在联合国系统内宣扬采用人权办法来处理移徙问题并将其纳入主流。2010年7月至12月,人权事务高级专员以全球移民小组主席的身份,把所有移徙者的人权,特别是非正常移民的人权定为该小组讨论的专题焦点。该小组的主要参与方于9月通过了一份具有里程碑意义的联合声明,吁请国际社会终止对非正常身份移徙者的歧视和虐待。声明提出一项要点:对于处于这种情况下的国际移民,不得剥夺其人性尊严和权利。随后,人权高专办在10月份组织了一次关于非正常移民人权问题的专家会议,为期一整天。会议就人权和非正常移民问题提出一些政策建议,并广为传播。
23. Through its active participation in the Global Migration Group, OHCHR has actively sought to promote and mainstream a human rights approach to migration within the United Nations system. From July to December 2010, as Chair of the Global Migration Group, the High Commissioner for Human Rights made the human rights of all migrants, particularly those in an irregular situation, the thematic focus of the Group’s discussions. A landmark joint statement, adopted by the principles of the Group in September, called on the international community to end discrimination and abuses against migrants in an irregular situation. The statement made the important point that international migrants in such circumstances should not be deprived either of their humanity or of their rights. Subsequently, a full-day meeting of experts on the human rights of irregular migrants, organized by OHCHR in October, generated policy recommendations on the issue of human rights and irregular migration which were widely disseminated.
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24. 2011年5月17日和18日,儿童基金会担任全球移民小组主席,召开一次从业人员研讨会,主题是“移徙和青年:发掘促进发展的机会”。研讨会旨在汇集范围广泛的各种专家和从业人员,讨论未来的趋势、现有的知识,突出强调现有的差距,并就如何提高移徙对青年人发展前景的积极影响和尽量减少其消极影响,分享良好做法。人权高专办以该小组三方(由人权高专办、联合国教育、科学和文化组织(教科文组织)和联合国儿童基金会(儿童基金会)组成)成员的身份参加了研讨会。
24. On 17 and 18 May 2011, UNICEF as Chair of the Global Migration Group, convened a practitioners’ symposium on the theme of “Migration and youth: harnessing opportunities for development”. The symposium aimed to bring together a wide range of experts and practitioners to present future trends, discuss current knowledge, highlight existing gaps and share good practices on how to increase the positive impacts and minimize the negative impacts of migration on the development prospects of youth. OHCHR participated in the symposium as a member of the Group’s troika, composed of OHCHR, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF).
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25. 人权高专办参加了关于国际移徙与发展问题、为期一天的非正式专题辩论。这场辩论是2011年5月19日由大会主席召开的,目的是借重关于国际移徙与发展问题的持续对话,为导致2013年在联合国总部举行国际移徙与发展问题第二次高级别对话的进程作出贡献。儿童基金会执行主任安东尼莱克先生以全球移民小组主席的身份向非正式专题辩论讲了话,并转递一份联合声明,强调保护移徙者基本人权的重要性。
25. OHCHR participated in a one-day informal thematic debate on international migration and development, which was convened by the President of the General Assembly on 19 May 2011. The debate was intended to build on the ongoing dialogue on international migration and development and to contribute to the process leading to the second High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development, which is to be held at United Nations Headquarters in 2013. Mr. Anthony Lake, the Executive Director of UNICEF, addressed the informal thematic debate in his capacity as Chair of the Global Migration Group, and transmitted a joint statement on behalf of the Group stressing the importance of protecting the fundamental human rights of migrants.
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26. 高级专员以全球移民小组2010年7月至12月份主席的身份向2010年11月8日至10日在墨西哥巴亚尔塔普尔塔举行的第四次移徙与发展全球论坛讲了话。高级专员在发言中呼吁:终止将非正常移徙视为犯罪的做法,并敦促所有国家批准和有效实施保护移民人权的各项核心国际人权文书,特别是《保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利国际公约》。11月8日,人权高专办组织了一次全球论坛的会边活动,纪念《公约》的通过,并呼吁加以批准。
26. As Chair of the Global Migration Group from July to December 2010, the High Commissioner addressed the fourth Global Forum for Migration and Development, which was held in Puerta Vallarta, Mexico, from 8 to 10 November 2010. In her statement, the High Commissioner called for an end to the criminalization of irregular migrants and urged all States to ratify and effectively implement the core international human rights instruments protecting their human rights in particular the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families. On 8 November, OHCHR organized a side event at the Global Forum to commemorate the adoption of the Convention and to call for its ratification.
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27. 2011年5月11日和12日,人权高专办会同联合国难民事务高级专员办事处组织了一次为期两天的全球圆桌讨论会,主题是:拘留移民的替代措施,难民、寻求庇护者和无国籍人士。圆桌讨论会把来自各国、人权高专办、难民专员办事处和其他国际组织、人权机制、区域人权机构、国家人权机构以及国家和国际非政府组织的代表汇集一堂。筹办这一次圆桌讨论会的目的是:借鉴人权理事会第十二届会议期间就关在拘留中心的移民问题进行的小组讨论所获得的成果推进工作。
27. On 11 and 12 May 2011, a two-day global round table on alternatives to the detention of migrants, refugees, asylum seekers and stateless persons was organized by OHCHR, in partnership with the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). The round table brought together representatives from States, OHCHR, UNHCR and other international organizations, human rights mechanisms, regional human rights bodies, national human rights institutions and national and international non-governmental organizations. The round table was organized to build on the results of the panel discussion on migrants in detention centres held during the twelfth session of the Human Rights Council.
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28. 人权高专办应邀就有关移民人权的规范性框架提供培训课程,这项活动是由国际劳工组织(劳工组织)会同全球移民小组共同主办的。人权高专办目前正在最后敲定一套关于移民和人权问题的培训模块,以供人权高专办外地办事处和联合国国家工作队,以及包括各国政府、国家人权机构和非政府组织在内的其他利益攸关方利用。
28. OHCHR was invited to provide a training session on the normative framework related to the human rights of migrants organized by the International Labour Organization (ILO), and held in partnership with the Global Migration Group. OHCHR is currently finalizing a set of training modules on migration and human rights for the use of OHCHR field offices and United Nations country teams, as well as other stakeholders, including Governments, national human rights institutions and non-governmental organizations.
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29. 人权高专办支援各方努力,包括通过促进批准移民权利公约全球宣传运动国际指导委员会,宣扬批准《保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利国际公约》。该指导委员会是由国际和区域民间社会组织、国际移民组织、劳工组织、人权高专办和教科文组织组成的一个网络,由人权高专办协调其工作。2010年11月,在保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利委员会第十三届会议上,委员会和指导委员会共同举办了一项活动,纪念《公约》20周年。为这项为期一天的活动选定的主题是“保护权利、建设合作”。各国代表和其他伙伴发了言,并就《公约》如何促进其移民政策和做法交流了经验和看法。
29. OHCHR supports efforts to promote the ratification of the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, including through the International Steering Committee of the Global Campaign for Ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Migrants, the work of which it coordinates. The Steering Committee is a network of international and regional civil society organizations and IOM, ILO, OHCHR and UNESCO. At the thirteenth session of the Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, in November 2010, an event was jointly organized by the Committee and the Steering Committee to commemorate the twentieth anniversary of the Convention. The theme chosen for the one-day event was “Protecting rights, building cooperation”. States and other partners made statements and shared their experiences and views on how the Convention has made a difference in migration policies and practices.
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30. 3月21日,联合国高级专员向尚未批准《保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利国际公约》的15个签署国发出函件,敦促它们迅速采取行动,批准和实施这项公约。 31. 在二十周年纪念会上,指导委员会发起一项全球运动,呼吁各国政府批准《公约》。在运动的背景下,以指导委员会成员的名义,致函下列九个国家,鼓励它们批准公约:亚美尼亚,比利时,喀麦隆,哥斯达黎加,科特迪瓦,印度尼西亚,肯尼亚,南非和西班牙。
30. On 21 March, the United Nations High Commissioner sent a letter to each of the 15 signatories that have yet to ratify the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, urging them to take prompt action to ratify and implement it. 31. On the occasion of the twentieth anniversary, the Steering Committee launched a global campaign also calling on Governments to ratify the Convention. In the context of the campaign, letters were sent on behalf of the members of the Steering Committee to nine States (Armenia, Belgium, Cameroon, Costa Rica, Côte d’Ivoire, Indonesia, Kenya, South Africa and Spain) to encourage them to ratify the Convention.
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32. 保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利委员会在其第十三届会议上通过了关于移徙家庭佣工的第1号一般性评论,其中确认,受雇于私人家庭的移徙佣工处境特别脆弱。一般性评论陈述了移徙家庭佣工的脆弱性,并建议采取各种社会和法律行动,以促进和保护其人权,包括对招聘机构的监管、提供社会保障和保健服务、保护劳工权利和一旦权利受到侵犯,有机会向司法机构和补救措施求助。高级专员在2011年国际劳工大会上向雇主集团发言,敦促它们采纳健全的劳工标准来保护家庭佣工和确保在这种标准的范围内有效处理好移徙者的权利。6月16日,劳工组织通过了《家庭佣工体面工作公约》,并附加一项建议。
32. At its thirteenth session, the United Nations Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families adopted general comment No. 1 on Migrant Domestic Workers, in which it recognized the particular vulnerability of migrant workers employed in private homes. The general comment describes the vulnerability of migrant domestic workers and recommends a range of social and legal actions to promote and protect their human rights, including regulation of recruiters, the provision of social security and health services, the protection of labour rights and access to justice and remedies in the event of violations. On the occasion of the International Labour Conference in June 2011, the High Commissioner, in a statement to the Employers’ Group, urged the adoption of robust labour standards to protect domestic workers and to ensure that the rights of migrants are effectively addressed within such standards. On 16 June, ILO adopted the Convention Concerning Decent Work for Domestic Workers, which is supplemented by a recommendation.
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33. 2011年,人权高专办接任打击人口贩运机构间合作小组的轮值主席,并以主席的身份在人权理事会第十七届会议期间举办了一场会边活动,突出强调联合国各实体在保护人口贩运受害者方面各自的作用。
33. In 2011, OHCHR took over the rotating Chair of the Inter-Agency Cooperation Group against Trafficking in Persons, and in this capacity the Office organized a side event during the seventeenth session of the Human Rights Council to highlight the respective roles of different United Nations entities in protecting victims of trafficking.
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34. 人权高专办关于人权和人口贩运的建议原则和准则,在第一个区域推出的活动于2010年12月在曼谷举行。2010年和2011年,人权高专办参与了几项区域性能力建设活动,倡导采用基于人权的办法来处理人口贩运问题。这些活动包括:在阿布扎比举行一次海湾区域协商;在卡塔尔举行一次关于阿拉伯打击人口贩运举措的协商和在明斯克移徙和打击人口贩运国际培训中心举办的一次培训。人权高专办正在制定“关于人权和人口贩运实况表”,以便补充已就这个领域研拟的各种工具。
34. The first regional launch of OHCHR’s commentary on the Recommended Principles and Guidelines on Human Rights and Human Trafficking took place in Bangkok in December 2010. In 2010 and 2011, OHCHR participated in several regional capacity-building events to promote a human rights-based approach to addressing trafficking in persons. These included a consultation in the Gulf region, held in Abu Dhabi, a consultation on the Arab initiative to combat trafficking held in Qatar, and a training held at the International Training Center on Migration and Combating Trafficking in Human Beings in Minsk. OHCHR is developing a “Fact sheet on human rights and trafficking”, to complement the tools already developed on this field.
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35. 通过其外地办事处,人权高专办通过下列途径越来越多参与与移徙相关的人权工作:宣扬《保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利国际公约》和其他相关文书、培训活动、宣传活动、技术性咨询意见和其他举措,其中包括:
35. Increasingly, through its field offices, OHCHR has become engaged in migration-related human rights work including through the promotion of the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families and other relevant instruments, training activities, advocacy, technical advice and other initiatives, including:
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(a) 人权高专办哥伦比亚办事处协助政府编写,该国根据《公约》规定所承担的义务,应向保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利委员会提交的第二份报告;
(a) The OHCHR office in Colombia assisted the Government in preparing its second report to the Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families on its obligations under the Convention;
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(b) 联合国驻摩尔多瓦共和国驻地协调员办公室人权顾问,通过向最高法院提供各种法律材料,介入一项具有里程碑意义的案件,事关感染爱滋病毒的移徙者拥有家庭生活的权利。2010年12月22日,最高法院裁定,申诉人胜诉;
(b) The Human Rights Adviser to the office of the United Nations Resident Coordinator in the Republic of Moldova intervened in a landmark case regarding the right to family life of migrants living with HIV, through the provision of a range of legal materials to the Supreme Court of Justice. On 22 December 2010, the Supreme Court ruled in favour of the petitioner;
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(c) 人权高专办中美洲区域办事处会同联合国发展集团关于人权问题的拉丁美洲和加勒比区域技术小组,于2010年11月29日至12月3日在巴拿马为培训教员举办一次关于人口流动的区域培训班。目的是:针对来自拉丁美洲各不同机构的工作人员,建设其能力,和协助该区域各国政府,以便根据人权规范和标准,拟订关于混合迁移流动的政策。2011年,人权高专办区域办事处继续通过诸如2011年2月9日至11日由移徙问题区域会议在特古西加尔巴举办的移民人权研讨会之类的区域论坛,宣扬采用人权办法来处理移徙问题。
(c) The OHCHR regional office in Central America, together with the United Nations Development Group’s Latin America and Caribbean regional technical group on human rights, organized a regional training-of-the-trainers session on human mobility in Panama from 29 November to 3 December 2010. The session was designed to build the capacity of staff from different agencies operating in Latin America in order to assist regional Governments in developing policies on mixed migration flows that were grounded in human rights norms and standards. In 2011, the OHCHR regional office continued to promote a human rights approach to migration through regional forums such as the seminar on the human rights of migrant populations, organized by the Regional Conference on Migration in Tegucigalpa from 9 to 11 February 2011;
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(d) 人权高专办中东区域办事处,会同联合国驻黎巴嫩国家工作队通过了对雇用家庭佣工的联合国工作人员适用的自愿性行为守则。守则要求联合国工作人员遵守关于雇用佣工照顾家庭和家务的21条具体标准;
(d) The OHCHR regional office in the Middle East joined the United Nations country team in Lebanon in adopting a voluntary code of conduct for United Nations staff who employ domestic workers. The code requests United Nations staff to abide by 21 specific standards regarding the employment of people who care for families and households;
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(e) 人权高专办东南亚区域办事处同东南亚国家联盟(东盟)成员国、联合国各机构和民间社会组织组成伙伴,协力推动与保护移徙者相关的几项方案和活动。2010年12月13日,区域办事处同关于国际移徙问题的区域专题工作组合作,举办了一次庆祝《公约》二十周年的活动。2010年12月16日,区域办事处同泰国全国人权委员会、社会发展和人类安全部、泰国皇家警察和反对人口贩运网络合作,举办了一次活动,题为“联手打击人口贩运”。活动期间,推出了关于《有关人权和人口贩运的建议原则和准则》的评论。2011年6月,区域办事处同反对贩运妇女全球联盟合作,举办了一次关于人口走私问题的圆桌讨论会。
(e) The OHCHR regional office in South-East Asia worked in partnership with member States of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), United Nations agencies and civil society organizations on several programmes and activities related to the protection of migrants. On 13 December 2010, in cooperation with the regional thematic working group on international migration, the regional office organized an event to celebrate the twentieth anniversary of the Convention. On 16 December 2010, in cooperation with the National Human Rights Commission of Thailand, the Ministry of Social Development and Human Security, the Royal Thai Police and the Anti-Human Trafficking Network, the regional office organized an event entitled “Join hands to combat human trafficking”. The commentary on the Recommended Principles and Guidelines on Human Rights and Human Trafficking was launched during the event. In June 2011, the regional office organized a round table on human smuggling in collaboration with the Global Alliance Against Traffic in Women;
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(f) 人权高专办欧洲区域办事处同难民专员办事处和儿童基金会合作,在拯救儿童、难民和流亡者问题欧洲理事会和西班牙加泰罗尼亚最高法院的支助下,举办了一次关于《儿童权利公约》第3条(儿童的最佳利益)在欧洲执行情况的司法座谈会,讨论涉及移徙儿童,包括单身和失散儿童的境况。在2011年7月8日举行的这次座谈会汇集了来自欧洲各地区域和国家法院的法官,以便讨论在处理移徙儿童的程序中如何裁定最佳利益的经验和良好做法。6月22月,区域办事处发起一项工作,研究《公约》和欧洲移徙问题立法和政策的相关发展。在发起这项工作之际,区域办事处在欧洲议会举办了新闻发布会;
(f) The OHCHR regional office in Europe, in cooperation with UNHCR and UNICEF and with the support of Save the Children, the European Council on Refugees and Exiles and the Supreme Court of Catalonia, Spain, organized a judicial colloquium on the implementation in Europe of article 3 (best interest of the child) of the Convention on the Rights of the Child regarding the situation of migrant children, including unaccompanied and separated children. The colloquium, which was held on 8 July 2011, brought together judges from regional and national courts in Europe to discuss experiences and good practices in best interest determinations in procedures dealing with migrant children. On 22 June, the regional office launched a study on the Convention and related developments in legislation and policy on migration in Europe. On the occasion of the launch, the regional office organized a press conference at the European Parliament;
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(g) 人权高专办中亚区域办事处积极参与2011年3月难民专员办事处在哈萨克斯坦阿拉木图举办的中亚地区保护难民和国际移徙区域会议;
(g) The OHCHR regional office in Central Asia participated actively in a regional conference on refugee protection and international migration in Central Asia, which was organized by UNHCR in Almaty, Kazakhstan, in March 2011;
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(h) 人权高专办西非区域办事处同国际移民组织和难民专员办事处区域办事处都是保护难民和混合移徙问题工作组的创始成员。过去12个月,在该小组的框架内进行了一些活动,以便推动《公约》的批准和实施,包括针对各国政府代表、民间社会、联合国伙伴和移民组织,举办一次活动,庆祝《公约》20周年。区域办事处还提供协助,在国际移民组织和难民专员办事处举办的移徙问题培训班上讲解《公约》,包括有一次为国际移民组织和难民专员办事处关于对移徙中的人提供保护的联合出版物贡献力量; (i) 2010年12月6日至8日,人权高专办中非区域办事处会同联合国驻中非共和国办事处的人权部门、国际移民组织和中部非洲国家经济共同体在雅温得举办了关于移徙和人权问题的第一次分区域对话,汇聚了来自下列各国的政府和民间社会组织代表:加蓬,赤道几内亚,乍得,刚果,中非共和国和喀麦隆。
(h) The OHCHR regional office in West Africa is a founding member of the regional group on refugee protection and mixed migration, together with the IOM and UNHCR regional offices. Within the framework of the group, several activities have been carried out in the past 12 months to promote the ratification and implementation of the Convention, including the organization of an event, aimed at Government representatives, civil society, United Nations partners and migrants’ organizations, to celebrate the twentieth anniversary of the Convention. The regional office has also facilitated presentations on the Convention at training sessions on migration issues organized by IOM and UNHCR, including, in one instance, a contribution to a joint IOM-UNHCR publication on the protection of people on the move; (i) The OHCHR regional office in Central Africa, together with the human rights component of the United Nations office in the Central African Republic, IOM and the Economic Community of Central African States, organized, from 6 to 8 December 2010 in Yaoundé, the first subregional dialogue on migration and human rights, gathering representatives of Governments and civil society organizations from Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, Chad, the Congo, the Central African Republic and Cameroon.
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九. 结论和建议
IX. Conclusions and recommendations
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36. 秘书长:
36. The Secretary-General:
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(a) 欢迎从各会员国收到的有关加强保护移徙者人权的立法、规章和政策资料;
(a) Welcomes the information received from Member States concerning legislation, regulations and policies to strengthen the protection of the human rights of migrants;
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(b) 鼓励各国在向人权理事会普遍定期审查机制提交的国家报告中加入有关保护移徙者人权措施的资料;
(b) Encourages States to include in their national reports to the universal periodic review mechanism of the Human Rights Council information on measures to protect the human rights of migrants;
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(c) 鼓励人权理事会移徙者人权问题特别报告员继续通过与会员国对话促进保护移徙者人权;
(c) Encourages the Special Rapporteur of the Human Rights Council on the human rights of migrants to continue to promote the protection of the human rights of migrants through his dialogue with Member States;
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(d) 鼓励各国批准所有相关国际人权文书,特别是批准和有效实施《保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利国际公约》。秘书长进一步鼓励缔约国根据该《公约》第76条和第77条作出声明,承认保护所有移徙工人及其家庭成员权利委员会拥有接受和审议国家间和个人投诉的管辖权;
(d) Encourages States to ratify all relevant international human rights instruments and, in particular, to ratify and effectively implement the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families. The Secretary-General further encourages States parties to make declarations under articles 76 and 77 of the Convention recognizing the competence of the Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families to receive and consider inter-State and individual complaints;
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(e) 强调各国依照核心国际人权文书,有义务保护在其管辖下所有人的人权,无论其国籍或移民身份如何,包括身份不正常的移民;
(e) Underlines that States have an obligation under the core international human rights instruments to protect the human rights of all individuals under their jurisdiction, regardless of their nationality or legal status, including migrants who are in an irregular situation;
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