guid stringlengths 32 32 | question stringlengths 17 440 | answer stringlengths 1 613 | question_category stringclasses 7 values | img_posFacts listlengths 0 2 | txt_posFacts listlengths 0 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
d5d9dd9e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The belt-fed M249 is a type of gun that is designed to be operated by whom? | A single infantryman with or without support. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The M249 is a belt-fed light machine gun. It fires the 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge, usually a combination of one M856 tracer and four M855 ball cartridges fed from M27 linked belts. Belts are typically held in a hard plastic or soft canvas box attached to the underside of the weapon."
},
{
"text": "IWI Negev of the Israeli Army. Bren light machine gun. A light machine gun ( LMG) is a light-weight machine gun designed to be operated by a single infantryman, with or without an assistant, as an infantry support weapon."
}
] |
d5d9ddee0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Melaenornis edolioides and Empidonax atriceps are both examples of what? | Passerine birds | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The northern black flycatcher ( Melaenornis edolioides) is a small passerine bird in the flycatcher family, Muscicapidae. This is an insectivorous species which is a resident breeder in tropical Africa from Senegal to Ethiopia and south to Zaire and Tanzania . The northern black flycatcher is found in moist wooded areas and cultivation."
},
{
"text": "The black-capped flycatcher ( Empidonax atriceps) is a very small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It is endemic to the highlands of Costa Rica and western Panama . This species is found in the high canopy of mountain oak forest, coming lower at the edges and in clearings, and also in second growth and bushy pastures."
}
] |
d5d9de660dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Toroweap Fault lies where in respect to the canyon within which Isis Temple is a prominence below the North Rim? | West | text | [] | [
{
"text": "For the geologic fault of west Grand Canyon with the same name, see Toroweap Fault. The Middle Permian Toroweap Formation is a thin, darker geologic unit, between the brighter colored units of the Kaibab Limestone above, and Coconino Sandstone below."
},
{
"text": "Coconino County, Arizona. U.S. Isis Temple, in the Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA, is a prominence below the North Rim, and adjacent to Granite Gorge. The prominence lies north of the north bank of the west-flowing Colorado River and is just north of Granite Gorge."
}
] |
d5d9dec00dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What color is Limnodynastes fletcheri? | grey or brown | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The long-thumbed frog, Fletcher's frog or barking marsh frog ( Limnodynastes fletcheri) is a species of non-burrowing ground frog native to south-eastern Australia. The species belongs to the genus Limnodynastes. The twelve species in the genus are characterised by a lack of toe pads."
},
{
"text": "The long-thumbed frog is a medium-sized frog reaching about 50 mm in length. It is grey or brown with abnormal shaped darker patches or irregular spots, and in most individuals a butterfly-shaped patch between the eyes. There is normally a red or purplish patch above the eye."
}
] |
d5d9df060dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Crescent is one of what thing of which Spiral is a type? | Nebula | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Sadr Region is one of the surrounding nebulous regions; others include the Butterfly Nebula and the Crescent Nebula. It contains many dark nebulae in addition to the emission diffuse nebulae . Sadr itself has approximately a magnitude of 2.2."
},
{
"text": "Spiral nebula surrounding NGC 262, which is one of the largest known galaxies . Connects the Large and Small Magellanic clouds; extends across 180° of the sky. Nebula surrounding VY Canis Majoris, which is one of largest known stars . The N 70 Nebula, in the Large Magellanic Cloud has a shell structure and is really a bubble in space."
}
] |
d5d9df2e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Geodynamical phenomena include crustal motion, tides and polar motion, which can be studied by designing global and national control networks, applying space and terrestrial techniques and relying on coordinate systems and what, a type of which is a horizontal? | Datums | text | [] | [
{
"text": "A Horizontal datum is used to measure a location across the Earth 's surface, in latitude and longitude or another coordinate system; a vertical datum is used to measure the elevation or depth relative to a standard origin, such as mean sea level (MSL)."
},
{
"text": "Geodynamical phenomena include crustal motion, tides and polar motion, which can be studied by designing global and national control networks, applying space and terrestrial techniques and relying on datums and coordinate systems . The word geodesy comes from the Ancient Greek word γεωδαισία geodaisia (literally, \"division of Earth\")."
}
] |
d5d9df600dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | U.S. Highway 65 runs from Albert Lea, Minnesota to Clayton, which is located in what state that the Gateway to the Gulf Expressway, is a concrete trestle toll bridge in? | Louisiana | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Louisiana Highway 1 Bridge, also known as the Gateway to the Gulf Expressway, is a concrete trestle toll bridge in the U.S. state of Louisiana. With a total length of 13,300 m or 43,600 ft (8 miles), it is one of the longest bridges in the world ."
},
{
"text": "U.S. Highway 65 ( US 65) is a part of the United States Numbered Highway System that spans 966 miles (1,555 km) from Clayton, Louisiana to Albert Lea, Minnesota."
}
] |
d5d9df880dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The two countries that share the China-Myanmar border also border what landlocked Southeast Asian country? | The People's Republic of China and Myanmar both border Laos. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Laos is an independent republic, and a landlocked nation in Southeast Asia, northeast of Thailand, west of Vietnam. It covers 236,800 square kilometers in the center of the Southeast Asian peninsula and it is surrounded by Myanmar (Burma), Cambodia, the People's Republic of China, Thailand, and Vietnam."
},
{
"text": "The China–Myanmar border is the international border between the territory of the People's Republic of China and Myanmar (formerly Burma)."
}
] |
d5d9dfb00dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Mysida is an order of small crustaceans that are like what organism of which Farfantepenaeus aztecus is an example of? | Shrimp | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Farfantepenaeus aztecus is a species of marine penaeid shrimps found around the east coast of the US and Mexico. They are an important commercial species in the US. The FAO refers to them as the northern brown shrimp; other common names, used in the US, are brown shrimp, golden shrimp, red shrimp or redtail shrimp."
},
{
"text": "Mysida is an order of small, shrimp -like crustaceans in the malacostracan superorder Peracarida. Their common name opossum shrimps stems from the presence of a brood pouch or \"marsupium\" in females. The fact that the larvae are reared in this pouch and are not free-swimming characterises the order."
}
] |
d5d9dfce0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Haplogroup Z and CZ are distinguished by differences in what double helix structure? | DNA | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In DNA double helix, the two strands of DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds. The nucleotides on one strand base pairs with the nucleotide on the other strand. The secondary structure is responsible for the shape that the nucleic acid assumes. The bases in the DNA are classified as purines and pyrimidines. The purines are adenine and guanine."
},
{
"text": "In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup Z is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup . Haplogroup Z is believed to have arisen in Central Asia, and is a descendant of haplogroup CZ ."
}
] |
d5d9e01e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is a 50-mile (80 km) long mountain ridge within the Ridge-and-valley Appalachians in the U.S. states of Virginia and West Virginia that the North Mountain has also widely been known as Great Ridge and Little North Mountain when compared to it? | Great North Mountain | text | [] | [
{
"text": "According to the Geographic Names Information System, North Mountain has also widely been known as Great Ridge and Little North Mountain, when in comparison to the much larger Great North Mountain to the south. Although North Mountain is a continuous mountain ridge, it is made up of a number of summits, knobs and gaps with individual names."
},
{
"text": "Great North Mountain is a 50-mile (80 km) long mountain ridge within the Ridge-and-valley Appalachians in the U.S. states of Virginia and West Virginia. The ridge is located west of the Shenandoah Valley and Massanutten Mountain in Virginia, and east of the Allegheny Mountains and Cacapon River in West Virginia."
}
] |
d5d9e0500dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Washington, Phú Mỹ and Ba are all names of what? | Bridges | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Ba Bridge (550 ft; 170 m) has 19 spans, 17 standard spans (30 ft; 9 m) and a short span at each end, and has been rail-only for many years. The Sigatoka Bridge (810 ft; 245 m) has 27 spans."
},
{
"text": "The Phú Mỹ Bridge ( Vietnamese: Cầu Phú Mỹ) is a cable-stayed road bridge over the Saigon River in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam ."
},
{
"text": "It is also referred to as the Devon Railroad Bridge by the state Department of Environmental Protection. Housatonic River Railroad Bridge, under the Moses Wheeler Bridge, as seen from Washington Bridge."
}
] |
d5d9e0960dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Rivers are an important motif in the mythology of what country whose character 空 or 〇, 零 is referred as remainder something less than 1 yet not nil? | China | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Mythological Chinese rivers are an important motif in Chinese mythology, forming part of a mythological geography. Among mythological Chinese rivers are: Weak River or Weak Water: a river or body of such low specific gravity that no one can swim nor anything float, not even a feather"
},
{
"text": "The original Chinese character is 空 or 〇, 零 is referred as remainder something less than 1 yet not nil [說文] referred. The traditional 零 is more often used in schools. In Unicode, 〇 is treated as a Chinese symbol or punctuation, rather than a Chinese ideograph ."
}
] |
d5d9e0be0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which flag has more horizontal white stripes: Poland's or Malaysia's? | Malaysias has more stripes. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Fourteen horizontal stripes alternating red and white; in the canton, a yellow crescent and 14-point star on a blue field. Fourteen vertical stripes alternating red and white; in the canton, a yellow crescent and 14-point star pointing upward on a blue field. A red field with the Flag of Malaysia in a blue-fimbriated canton."
},
{
"text": "Horizontal bicolours of white and red being a relatively widespread design, there are several flags that are similar but unrelated to the Polish one. There are two national flags with the red stripe above the white one: those of Indonesia and Monaco. In Poland, many flags based on the national design also feature the national colours."
}
] |
d5d9e1180dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Gilles Marini played a character whose father-in-law had an affair with which woman? | Luc Laurent, Marini's character, had a father-in-law who had an affair with Holly Harper. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Gilles Marini joined the show as Luc Laurent, an artist Sarah meets in France and who eventually follows her home to Pasadena. He was first confirmed for a five episode arc before joining as a permanent part of the Walker tribe. [3]"
},
{
"text": "Sarah is a member of the Walker Family, but doesn't find out William Walker isn't her biological father until season 5. A businesswoman in the family business and a mother of two young children, Sarah often struggles to balance her personal life with the duty of being a mother and a wife."
},
{
"text": "Luc Laurent, husband of Sarah Walker; painter and former underwear model. Most of the season focuses on The Walkers dealing with the loss of William Walker and the secrets uncovered by his death, most notably the discovery of Holly Harper, a woman he had an affair with, and her daughter Rebecca."
}
] |
d5d9e1400dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Dianabol and 17α-alkylatedanabolic steroid are both normally administered how? | Orally | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Metandienone, also known as methandienone or methandrostenolone and sold under the brand name Dianabol among others, is an androgen and anabolic steroid (AAS) medication which is mostly no longer used. It is also used non-medically for physique- and performance-enhancing purposes. It is often taken by mouth."
},
{
"text": "A 17α-alkylated anabolic steroid is a synthetic anabolic–androgenic steroid (AAS) that features an alkyl group, specifically a methyl or ethyl group, at the C17α position. Unlike many other AAS, 17α-alkylated AAS are orally active and do not require intramuscular injection."
}
] |
d5d9e1680dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The classic Maya site of Aguateca is in a Guatemalan department which holds which rank in terms of area among Guatemalan departments? | The Maya site of Aguateca is in the department of Petén, which is the largest Guatemalan department by area. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Located in the Mexican state of Yucatán, Mayapan is considered to be one of the last major Pre-Columbian Maya settlements. The site had a defensive wall surrounding the structure, and a violent fire was the cause of downfall as evidenced by burnt remains. Aguateca is a Classic Maya site located in the south-western Petén department of Guatemala."
},
{
"text": "Petén is a department of Guatemala. It is geographically the northernmost department of Guatemala, as well as the largest by area — at 35,854 km2 (13,843 sq mi) it accounts for about one third of Guatemala's area. The capital is Flores. The population at the 2018 census was 545,600.[2]"
}
] |
d5d9e1900dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The part of a Canadian province that borders Nunavut on Killiniq Island was added to the official name of that province in which year? | Labrador, which borders Nunavut on Killiniq Island, was added to the official name of its province, Newfoundland and Labrador, in 2001. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Labrador occupies most of the eastern part of the Labrador Peninsula. It is bordered to the west and the south by the Canadian province of Quebec. Labrador also shares a small land border with the Canadian territory of Nunavut on Killiniq Island ."
},
{
"text": "Formerly a colony and then a dominion of the United Kingdom, Newfoundland gave up its independence in 1933, following significant economic distress caused by the Great Depression and the aftermath of Newfoundland's participation in World War I. It became the tenth and final province to enter Confederation on March 31, 1949, as \"Newfoundland\". On December 6, 2001, an amendment was made to the Constitution of Canada to change the province's name to Newfoundland and Labrador."
}
] |
d5d9e1ae0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What opposite color concept from brown comes from a Latin word lividus? | Livid. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "This box shows the color blue-gray. Blue-gray is a bluish - gray color. It is also known as livid. The name \" livid \" comes from a Latin word lividus. Lividus means 'a dull leaden-blue color'."
},
{
"text": "Livid (blue-gray) is the opposite concept from brown. Brown colors are mainly dark orange and dark red colors—warm colors on the warm color side of the color wheel, while blue-gray (livid) colors are mainly dark blue and dark azure colors—colors on the opposite side of the color wheel—cool colors on the cool color side of the color wheel."
}
] |
d5d9e1d60dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Almost all of the cotton fiber growth and production occurs in the south and west portions in what country for whom oranges are a significant cash crop ? | The United States | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The United States is ranked third in production, behind China and India. Almost all of the cotton fiber growth and production occurs in southern and western states, dominated by Texas, California, Arizona, Mississippi, Arkansas, and Louisiana."
},
{
"text": "Oranges are a significant U.S. cash crop. Cash cropping in the United States rose to prominence after the baby boomer generation and the end of World War II. It was seen as a way to feed the large population boom and continues to be the main factor in having an affordable food supply in the United States."
}
] |
d5d9e1fe0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Piperidine, which is a spicy organic compound derived from black pepper, is found within many pharmaceuticals and what else? | Alkaloids. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Piperidine itself has been obtained from black pepper, from Psilocaulon absimile ( Aizoaceae ), and in Petrosimonia monandra. The piperidine structural motif is present in numerous natural alkaloids. These include piperine, which gives black pepper its spicy taste. This gave the compound its name."
},
{
"text": "The name comes from the genus name Piper, which is the Latin word for pepper.[7] Although piperidine is a common organic compound, it is best known as a representative structure element within many pharmaceuticals and alkaloids, such as natural-occurring solenopsins.[8]"
}
] |
d5d9e2260dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The Monastery of Saint Samuel the Confessor and the Red Monastery are both in what country? | Egypt | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Monastery of Saint Samuel the Confessor (Arabic: دير الأنبا صموئيل المعترف), Dair al-Anba Ṣamū'īl al-mu'tarif \" or Deir el-Qalamun (Arabic: دير القلمون) is an Egyptian monastery in the western desert ."
},
{
"text": "Almost nothing is known of the history of the Red Monastery (Deir al-Ahmar, Deir Anba Bishoi or Bishai) near Sohag, though it is one of the most famous Christian monasteries in Egypt. It lies about two miles (3.2 km) north of the White Monastery at the extreme western edge of the cultivated land."
}
] |
d5d9e2f80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What region of the body does the parasternal line lie? | It lies between the neck and abdomen. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In humans and other hominids, the thorax is the chest region of the body between the neck and the abdomen, along with its internal organs and other contents. It is mostly protected and supported by the rib cage, spine, and shoulder girdle ."
},
{
"text": "Surface lines of the front of the thorax and abdomen. The parasternal line is a vertical line on the front of the thorax. It is midway between the lateral sternal and the mammary line . This anatomy article is a stub."
}
] |
d5d9e3200dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Tamulotoxin and Agitoxin are both found in what? | Scorpion venom. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Tamulotoxin (or Tamulus toxin, Tamulustoxin, in short form: TmTx) is a venomous neurotoxin from the Indian Red Scorpion ( Hottentotta tamulus, Mesobuthus tamulus or Buthus tamulus ). The toxin has been classified as a short-chain scorpion toxin. It consists of 36 amino acids and is referred to as TmTx1."
},
{
"text": "Agitoxin is a toxin found in the venom of the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus (yellow scorpion). Other toxins found in this species include charybdotoxin (CTX). CTX is a close homologue of Agitoxin. Agitoxin can be purified using HPLC techniques. Three types of agitoxin can be distinguished, each identified as comprising 38 amino acids."
}
] |
d5d9e33e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Who is a young, flighty Queen of France and the main character in a manga? | Marie Antoinette. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The main character of the series is the young, flighty Queen of France, Marie Antoinette; however, later a woman named Oscar François de Jarjayes temporarily became a co-protagonist until her death. Oscar's father, General Jarjayes, despaired over never getting a son (he had six daughters), and decided to raise his youngest daughter as a man."
},
{
"text": "Most of the characters are based on French historical personages. Marie Antoinette (マリー・アントワネット, Marī Antowanetto) is the main character in the manga, while in the anime is the third protagonist after Oscar and André."
}
] |
d5d9e3660dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What muscle, which lacks troponin, is found in the walls of blood vessels, vessels of the lymphatic system, the urinary bladder, uterus, male and female reproductive tracts, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, most ducts, and a number of other places such as the iris? | Smooth muscle | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Its function is to help the inner workings of the body. Smooth muscle is found in the walls of blood vessels, vessels of the lymphatic system, the urinary bladder, uterus, male and female reproductive tracts, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, most ducts, and a number of other places such as the iris ."
},
{
"text": "Smooth muscle does not have troponin. TnT is a tropomyosin-binding subunit which regulates the interaction of troponin complex with thin filaments; TnI inhibits ATP-ase activity of acto-myosin; TnC is a Ca 2+ -binding subunit, playing the main role in Ca 2+ dependent regulation of muscle contraction."
}
] |
d5d9e38e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What about Namibia makes taking a common padloper one finds outside there for a pet problematic? | It is illegal, as the common padloper is formally known as Homopus arealatus, and trade in collected Homopus species is illegal in Namibia. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Homopus areolatus, commonly known as the common padloper or parrot-beaked tortoise, is a tiny species of tortoise of the genus Homopus, indigenous to the southern part of South Africa . Homopus areolatus is known by a wide range of common names."
},
{
"text": "Trade in collected Homopus species is strictly illegal in South Africa and Namibia. Any captive specimens are systematically registered in noncommercial studbooks, and any commercial sale of Homopus tortoises is almost without exception strictly illegal."
}
] |
d5d9e3ac0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What company is the largest hardware supplier of mainfram computer which can run multiple instances of operating systems at the same time? | IBM | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The history of operating systems running on IBM mainframes is a notable chapter of history of mainframe operating systems, because of IBM 's long-standing position as the world's largest hardware supplier of mainframe computers ."
},
{
"text": "Modern mainframes can run multiple different instances of operating systems at the same time. This technique of virtual machines allows applications to run as if they were on physically distinct computers. In this role, a single mainframe can replace higher-functioning hardware services available to conventional servers."
}
] |
d5d9e3d40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | In the coffee-obsessed second largest city in Australia, what kind of coffee flavor was invented there? | The flat white. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Melbourne is also known as a coffee-obsessed city, with the flat white an Australian-invented favourite (though the flat white is believed to have originated in Sydney ). The city's coffee culture is largely a result of Italian immigration, but has evolved into a local passion over time."
},
{
"text": "Melbourne is the second largest city in Australia. It is the capital of Victoria, which is a state in the south-east of Australia. The population of Melbourne is 4.9 million. Melbourne is a multicultural city (it welcomes people and cultures from all over the world). It is famous for its trams (small short trains)."
}
] |
d5d9e4060dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Nahua and Coast Salish are both names of what? | Tribes | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Xochimilco was the most important city of the Xochimilca people, one of the Nahua tribes that migrated to the Mesoamerica region. At the same time it was the name of the altepetl of this group and historically referred to both interchangebly. The city was founded around 900 AD."
},
{
"text": "The Coast Salish are the largest of the southern groups. They are a loose grouping of many tribes with numerous distinct cultures and languages."
}
] |
d5d9e42e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Who identified the people of the country whose name derives from Medieval Latin Croātia as Scythians? | John Skylitzes. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "John Skylitzes in his work Madrid Skylitzes identified Croats and Serbs as Scythians. Nestor the Chronicler in his Primary Chronicle identified White Croats with West Slavs along Vistula river, with other Croats included in the East Slavic tribal union."
},
{
"text": "The name of Croatia ( Croatian: Hrvatska) derives from Medieval Latin Croātia, itself a derivation of the native ethnonym of Croats, earlier *Xъrvate and modern-day Croatian: Hrvati ."
}
] |
d5d9e4560dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which primary centres of congregational worship is given a special status based on the scriptures and seeking? | Pathi. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Generally, the Pathi status is given for a site based on the scriptures and seeking, how much the site is important in the incarnation of Vaikundar. Another way of understanding this pathis is also prevalent, by seeking direct reference for a site as pathi in Akilam or Arul Nool."
},
{
"text": "Pathi ( Tamil: பதி - \"The place where God is\") is the name of the primary centres of congregational worship for the South Indian religious system of Ayyavazhi, having a relatively large structure like that of a temple. They are seven in number."
}
] |
d5d9e47e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What kind of band would play the debut solo single of Dr. Dre if he didn't play it himself? | A cover band would play it. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "A cover band (or covers band) is a band that plays songs recorded by someone else, sometimes mimicking the original as accurately as possible, and sometimes re-interpreting or changing the original. These remade songs are known as cover songs. New or unknown bands often find the format marketable for smaller venues, such as pubs, clubs or parks."
},
{
"text": "\" Deep Cover \", also known as \" 187 \", is the debut solo single by American rapper Dr. Dre and his first track released after the breakup of N.W.A. The track was recorded for the soundtrack of the film Deep Cover."
}
] |
d5d9e49c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The vein that carries the deoxygenated blood from the lower and middle body into the right atrium of the heart sits behind what? | It sits behind the abdominal cavity. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The inferior vena cava (or IVC) is a large vein that carries the deoxygenated blood from the lower and middle body into the right atrium of the heart. It is formed by the joining of the right and the left common iliac veins, usually at the level of the fifth lumbar vertebra. Anterior (frontal) view of the opened heart."
},
{
"text": "It is a large retroperitoneal vein that lies posterior to the abdominal cavity and runs along the right side of the vertebral column.[1] It enters the right auricle at the lower right, back side of the heart. The name derives from Latin: vena, \"vein\", cavus, \"hollow\".Structure\tEditThe IVC is formed by the joining of the left and right common iliac veins and brings collected blood into the right atrium of the heart.[1] It also joins with the azygos vein (which runs on the right side of the vertebral column) and venous plexuses next to the spinal cord."
}
] |
d5d9e4c40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | In mathematics, field arithmetic is a subject that studies the interrelations between arithmetic properties of a field and its absolute what group that is a theorem of Artin and Schreier asserts that these are all the possibilities for finite absolutes of the same group? | Galois | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In mathematics, field arithmetic is a subject that studies the interrelations between arithmetic properties of a field and its absolute Galois group . It is an interdisciplinary subject as it uses tools from algebraic number theory, arithmetic geometry, algebraic geometry, model theory, the theory of finite groups and of profinite groups ."
},
{
"text": "A theorem of Artin and Schreier asserts that (essentially) these are all the possibilities for finite absolute Galois groups. Artin–Schreier theorem. Let K be a field whose absolute Galois group G is finite. Then either K is separably closed and G is trivial or K is real closed and G = Z /2 Z ."
}
] |
d5d9e4ec0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which rapper's mother is black and comes from a multilingual and multicultural society with its population mostly consisting of Old World immigrants and their descendants? | Tyler Okonama. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Canada is a multilingual and multicultural society home to people of groups of many different ethnic, religious, and national origins, with the majority of the population made up of Old World immigrants and their descendants."
},
{
"text": "Tyler Okonama, better known as Tyler, the Creator, rapper, musician, songwriter, record producer, actor, visual artist, designer and comedian. Mother is a Black Canadian"
}
] |
d5d9e5140dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The Boven Mahakkam caecilian is only known with certainty to live in what areas? | Ichthyophis asplenius only known with certainty from Mahakam River and Matang Hunting Reserve. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "It is only known with certainty from Mahakam River and Matang Hunting Reserve Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, rivers, intermittent rivers, plantations, rural gardens, heavily degraded former forest, irrigated land, and seasonally flooded agricultural land."
},
{
"text": "Ichthyophis asplenius is a species of amphibian in the family Ichthyophiidae found in Malaysia and possibly Thailand. It is also known as broad-striped caecilian, Boven Mahakkam caecilian and Malayan caecilian."
}
] |
d5d9e5320dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | RRE and HRE are both what? | Response elements. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "A hormone response element (HRE) is a short sequence of DNA within the promoter of a gene, that is able to bind to a specific hormone receptor complex and therefore regulate transcription. The sequence is most commonly a pair of inverted repeats separated by three nucleotides, which also indicates that the receptor binds as a dimer."
},
{
"text": "The HIV-1 Rev response element (RRE) is a highly structured, ~350 nucleotide RNA segment present in the Env coding region of unspliced and partially spliced viral mRNAs."
}
] |
d5d9e5aa0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Are there more US cities with over a million people to the east or to the west of the river that flows through the states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, and Mississippi? | West | text | [] | [
{
"text": "This is a list of the largest cities west of the Mississippi River. The largest city on this list is Los Angeles, California. The portion of the United States that is west of the Mississippi River has more cities with over one million inhabitants than the east does. The west has about seven such cities while the east only has three."
},
{
"text": "The Mississippi flows south through the middle of the United States. It flows through the states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, and Mississippi. The mouth of the Mississippi is in the state of Louisiana, south of the city of New Orleans."
}
] |
d5d9e6180dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The Mishars who live in Chelyabinsk are a part of what group that also includes the indigenous people of Crimea? | Tartars. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Crimean Tatars ( Crimean Tatar: qırımtatarlar, къырымтатарлар) or Crimeans ( Crimean Tatar: qırımlar, къырымлар ), are an East European Turkic ethnic group and nation, who are an indigenous people of Crimea."
},
{
"text": "Mişär-Tatars (or Mishars) are a group of Tatars speaking a dialect of the Tatar language. They live in Chelyabinsk, Tambov, Penza, Ryazan and Nizhegorodskaya oblasts of Russia and in Bashkortostan and Mordovia. They lived near and along the Volga River, in Tatarstan."
}
] |
d5d9e6900dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | How was the body of water formed that separates the island of Anglesey from the mainland of Wales? | Receding ice sheets flooded the channel. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The deepest of these channels eventually became flooded by the sea as the ice sheets receded forming the Menai Strait. As Anglesey has been an island throughout recorded human history, the only way to reach it was by crossing the strait."
},
{
"text": "The Menai Strait ( Welsh: Afon Menai, the \"River Menai\") is a narrow stretch of shallow tidal water about 25 km (16 mi) long, which separates the island of Anglesey from the mainland of Wales ."
}
] |
d5d9e6b80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | How much lower can an extremely low frequency be than a low frequency? | It can be up to 27 Hz lower. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Extremely low frequency ( ELF) is the ITU designation for electromagnetic radiation ( radio waves) with frequencies from 3 to 30 Hz, and corresponding wavelengths of 100,000 to 10,000 kilometers, respectively. In atmospheric science, an alternative definition is usually given, from 3 Hz to 3 kHz."
},
{
"text": "Low frequency ( LF) is the ITU designation for radio frequencies (RF) in the range of 30–300 kHz. Since its wavelengths range from 10–1 km, respectively, it is also known as the kilometre band or kilometre wave ."
}
] |
d5d9e7080dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | How many globally recognized breed of animal are there for the type of animal a Mastiff is? | 450 | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Dogs are the most variable mammal on earth, with artificial selection producing around 450 globally recognized dog breeds. These breeds possess distinct traits related to morphology, which include body size, skull shape, tail phenotype, fur type, and coat colour."
},
{
"text": "Dog breeds are often grouped in different ways, such as: Dog breeds are also sometimes grouped into similar types, such as Mastiff types, spitz types, pit bulls, or Lurchers . Borador (cross breed)."
}
] |
d5d9e7260dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the financial centre of the country that borders both Luxembourg and Poland? | The financial centre of Germany, the country that borders both Luxembourg and Poland, is Frankfurt. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Germany is in Western and Central Europe, bordering Denmark in the north, Poland and the Czech Republic in the east, Austria and Switzerland in the south, France and Luxembourg in the south-west, and Belgium and the Netherlands in the north-west."
},
{
"text": "Germany (German: Deutschland, pronounced [ˈdɔʏtʃlant] (About this soundlisten)), officially the Federal Republic of Germany,[e] is a country in Central Europe. It is the second-most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated between the Baltic and North seas to the north, and the Alps to the south; covering an area of 357,022 square kilometres (137,847 sq mi), with a population of over 83 million within its 16 constituent states. The nation's capital and largest city is Berlin, and its financial centre is Frankfurt; the largest urban area is the Ruhr."
}
] |
d5d9e7580dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Lake George empties at its north end into what lake that is the 13th largest lake by area in the US, whose northern end extends into Quebec, Canada? | It empties into Lake Champlain. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Lake George empties at its north end into Lake Champlain, whose northern end extends into Canada, where it drains into the Richelieu River and then the St. Lawrence. Four of New York City's five boroughs are on the three islands at the mouth of the Hudson River: Manhattan Island, Staten Island, and Brooklyn and Queens on Long Island ."
},
{
"text": "Lake Champlain (/ʃæmˈpleɪn/; French: Lac Champlain; Abenaki: Pitawbagok;[3] Mohawk: Kaniatarakwà:ronte) is a natural freshwater lake in North America mainly within the borders of the United States (in the states of Vermont and New York) but also across the Canada–U.S. border into the Canadian province of Quebec. Lake Champlain is one of numerous large lakes scattered in an arc through Labrador, in Canada, the northern United States, and the Northwest Territories of Canada. It is the thirteenth largest lake by area in the US."
}
] |
d5d9e7800dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the minimum number of species in the subfamily that includes the Cumberland snubnose darter? | There are at least 200 species in the Etheostomatinae, the subfamily which includes the Cumberland snubnose darter. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Cumberland snubnose darter ( Etheostoma atripinne) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches."
},
{
"text": "Etheosomatidae is a species rich subfamily of freshwater ray-finned fish, the members of which are commonly known as the darters. The subfamily is part of the family Percidae which also includes the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. The family is endemic to North America. It consists of 3-5 different genera and well over 200 species."
}
] |
d5d9e7f80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Incilius coccifer and Incilius melanochlorus are both what type of species? | A toad. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Incilius coccifer (common name: southern round-gland toad or southern roundgland toad) is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is found in southern Mexico and southeastward in the Central America through Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua to northwestern Costa Rica."
},
{
"text": "Incilius melanochlorus, formerly Bufo melanochlorus, is a mid-sized species of toad with a crested head in the family Bufonidae. It is primarily distinguished by its very long first finger with respect to the other fingers."
}
] |
d5d9e8200dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The Kurobe Dam and the Tenryū River in central Honshū are both found in which country? | Japan. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Below is a list of dams and reservoirs in Japan. As a nation of islands and narrow, steep valleys, dams play a vital role in Japanese society as they are constructed primarily to control floods, supply water and generate hydroelectric power. The tallest dam in Japan is the 186 m (610 ft) high Kurobe Dam."
},
{
"text": "The Tenryū River (天竜川, Tenryū-gawa) is a river in central Honshū, Japan. With a length of 213 km (132 mi), it is Japan's ninth longest river. Its source is Lake Suwa in the Kiso Mountains, near Okaya in Nagano Prefecture. It passes Aichi Prefecture, and flows through western Shizuoka Prefecture"
}
] |
d5d9e8700dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The modern Malayalam script of Kerala descends from what South Indian script that itself originated from the Pallava script? | Kerala is a direct descendant of the Grantha script. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The modern Malayalam script of Kerala is a direct descendant of the Grantha script. The Southeast Asian and Indonesian scripts such as Thai and Javanese respectively, as well as South Asian Tigalari and Sinhala scripts are derived or closely related to the Grantha through the early Pallava script."
},
{
"text": "The Grantha script (Tamil: கிரந்த எழுத்து, romanized: Granta eḻuttu; Malayalam: ഗ്രന്ഥലിപി, romanized: granthalipi) is a South Indian script, found particularly in Tamil Nadu and Kerala. Originating from the Pallava script, the Grantha script is related to the Tamil and the Vatteluttu scripts.["
}
] |
d5d9e8980dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The family including four genera comprising three extant species of orangutans and their subspecies was originally the name given to what? | The family of humans and their (extinct) close relatives | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The family Hominidae ( hominids ), the great apes, include four genera comprising three extant species of orangutans and their subspecies, two extant species of gorillas and their subspecies, two extant species of panins ( bonobos and chimpanzees) and their subspecies, and one extant species of humans in a single extant subspecies."
},
{
"text": "Hominidae was originally the name given to the family of humans and their (extinct) close relatives, with the other great apes (that is, the orangutans, gorillas and chimpanzees) all being placed in a separate family, the Pongidae."
}
] |
d5d9e8c00dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What pattern of leg movement can horses do like galloping with four beats? | Gaits. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Some consider these as three gaits, with the canter a variation of the gallop, even though the canter is distinguished by having three beats, whereas the gallop has four beats. All four gaits are seen in wild horse populations."
},
{
"text": "Horses can use various gaits (patterns of leg movement) during locomotion across solid ground, either naturally or as a result of specialized training by humans.[1]"
}
] |
d5d9e9380dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Who established themselves in Mount Lebanon as well, generating a religious divide that has lasted for centuries andmake up 5.5% of the population of Lebanon, 3% of Syria and 1.6% of Israel? | The Druze. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "However, a new religious group, the Druze, established themselves in Mount Lebanon as well, generating a religious divide that has lasted for centuries. During the Crusades, the Maronites re-established contact with the Roman Catholic Church and asserted their communion with Rome."
},
{
"text": "They are found primarily in Lebanon, Syria, and Israel, with small communities in Jordan. They make up 5.5% of the population of Lebanon, 3% of Syria and 1.6% of Israel. The oldest and most densely-populated Druze communities exist in Mount Lebanon and in the south of Syria around Jabal al-Druze (literally the \"Mountain of the Druzes\")."
}
] |
d5d9e9600dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Where can an inscribed statue in the Church of Saint Lawrence be found, which is the origin of an early Desert Mother named Saint Paula? | Rome. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Saint Paula of Rome (AD 347–404) was an ancient Roman saint and early Desert Mother. A member of one of the richest senatorial families which claimed descent from Agamemnon, Paula was the daughter of Blesilla and Rogatus, from the great clan of the Furii Camilli."
},
{
"text": "Pope Pius IV identifies him as \"Saint Hippolytus, Bishop of Pontus \" who was martyred in the reign of Severus Alexander through his inscription on a statue found at the Church of Saint Lawrence in Rome and kept at the Vatican as photographed and published in Bunsen."
}
] |
d5d9e9880dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What has an Associate Justice in some countries and "administrative supervision over all courts and the personnel thereof"? | Supreme Court. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "It is presided over by a Chief Justice and is made of fifteen (15) Justices, including the Chief Justice. It follows the Constitution, the Supreme Court has \"administrative supervision over all courts and the personnel thereof\"."
},
{
"text": "An Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines is one of 15 members of the Philippine Supreme Court, the highest court in the Philippines. The Chief Justice is in charge over the High Court, but carries only one of the 15 votes in the court."
}
] |
d5d9e9b00dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Would Izuku Midoriya and Akihisa Yoshii both be considered highly gifted or below average? | They were below average. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The story follows Izuku Midoriya, a boy born without superpowers (called Quirks) in a world where they have become commonplace, but who still dreams of becoming a superhero himself."
},
{
"text": "The story centers around a boy named Akihisa Yoshii, the titular baka (idiot) of the story. He attends Fumizuki Academy in Japan, a school where the staff rigidly divides the students based on the results of their academic scores. At the start of the school, students are academically sorted by entrance exam test grades."
}
] |
d5d9ea280dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | How long is the river that flows through the valley by the same name that SR 167 serves? | 65 miles | text | [] | [
{
"text": "SR 167 is highlighted in red. State Route 167 ( SR 167) is a state highway in the Seattle metropolitan area of Washington state. It is commonly known as the Valley Freeway and serves the Green River Valley from Tacoma to Renton, primarily as a four-lane freeway."
},
{
"text": "The Green River is a 65-mile (105 km) long river in the state of Washington in the United States, arising on the western slopes of the Cascade Range south of Interstate 90.The upper Green River valley forms the western approach to Stampede Pass, and was once home to many small railroad and logging towns such as"
}
] |
d5d9ea500dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What adopted son of Martha Kent developed various superhuman abilities and turns back time to try to save Lana in "Reckoning"? | Clark Kent. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "His ship landed in the American countryside, near the fictional town of Smallville. He was found and adopted by farmers Jonathan and Martha Kent, who named him Clark Kent. Clark developed various superhuman abilities, such as incredible strength and impervious skin."
},
{
"text": "Clark worries about who will be sacrificed in return for him being saved. In the episode \"Reckoning\", Lana is killed. Unwilling to accept this, Clark turns back time to save her. As a result, it is Clark's adoptive father that becomes the sacrifice when he suffers a fatal heart attack."
}
] |
d5d9ea780dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Ayam goreng and Nasi padang are both dishes of what country? | Indonesia. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Ayam goreng literally means \"fried chicken\" in Malay (including both Indonesian and Malaysian standards) and also in many Indonesian regional languages (e.g. Javanese ). Some versions of ayam goreng are neither coated in batter nor flour, but seasoned richly with various spices."
},
{
"text": "Nasi padang, more commonly referred to as Padang rice, is a Minangkabau steamed rice served with various choices of pre-cooked dishes originating from West Sumatra, Indonesia. It is named after the city Padang, capital of West Sumatra province."
}
] |
d5d9eaa00dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What American television screenwriter that wrote the earlier scripts for Baywatch worked with Douglas Schwartz on the television series Manimal? | Michael Berk | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Douglas Schwartz is an American television screenwriter and series creator who, along with Michael Berk, worked as a writer on the television series Manimal, and multiple made for television movies."
},
{
"text": "Michael Berk is an American television screenwriter. He worked with Douglas Schwartz as a writer on the television series Manimal, and many made-for-television movies. He wrote the earlier scripts of the series Baywatch, and is also known as the creator, co-producer, and writer of the television series The Wizard."
}
] |
d5d9eac80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The eponymous founder Vlastimir ruled in an era marked by the Christianization of what people that Vulan I was a Grand Prince of? | Serbs | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Vukan I ( Serbian: Вукан, Greek: Βολκάνος; c. 1050 – 1112) was the Grand Prince of Serbia from 1083 until his death in 1112. During first years. he ruled together with his brother Marko, holding the regions of inner Serbia ( Raška, lat. Rascia)."
},
{
"text": "The history of the dynasty starts with the eponymous founder Vlastimir. This era is marked by the Christianization of Serbs, the many internal and external wars ( Bulgars, Magyars ), and the power struggle between the First Bulgarian Empire and the Byzantine Empire in which Serbia found itself in the middle."
}
] |
d5d9eaf00dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Salt, O‘ahu, and Fremont are all names of what? | Islands | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Salt Lake is a neighborhood of Honolulu, Hawaii on the island of O‘ahu. The area is also known as Āliamanu after a nearby crater, although Salt Lake itself is in a crater called Ālia pa‘akai — meaning \"salt pond\" in the Hawaiian language."
},
{
"text": "Salt Island is part of the port of Holyhead and almost the whole extent of the island is used as a passenger, car and freight terminal and berths for ferries to and from Ireland. Both Irish Ferries and Stena Line sail from Salt Island to Dublin port and to Dún Laoghaire. The Holyhead lifeboat station is on the island."
},
{
"text": "Fremont Island is a 2,943.04-acre (11.91 km 2) island located in Great Salt Lake in northern Utah, United States. State owned, it is the lake's third largest island after Stansbury Island and Antelope Island."
}
] |
d5d9eb680dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What can a cancer cell create in Paraneoplastic pemphigus? | Proteins that are normally only found as naturally-occurring proteins in other cell types in other parts of the body | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In a paraneoplastic syndrome, a cancer cell can create proteins that are normally only found as naturally-occurring proteins in other cell types in other parts of the body. In patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung, cancer cells in the lung can produce Hu proteins that are usually only found inside of the body's own neurons."
},
{
"text": "Paraneoplastic pemphigus ( PNP) is an autoimmune disorder stemming from an underlying tumor. It is hypothesized that antigens associated with the tumor trigger an immune response resulting in blistering of the skin and mucous membranes ."
}
] |
d5d9ebb80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | I-85 in Alabama runs from I-65 in the capital city to what city near the eastern border state? | It runs to its eastern border state Georgia. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Interstate 85 ( I-85) is a part of the Interstate Highway System that runs from Montgomery, Alabama, to Petersburg, Virginia. In Alabama, the Interstate Highway runs 80.008 miles (128.760 km) from I-65 in Montgomery northeast to the Georgia state line near Valley."
},
{
"text": "Alabama (/ˌæləˈbæmə/) is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States, bordered by Tennessee to the north; Georgia to the east; Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south; and Mississippi to the west. Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the U.S. states. With a total of 1,500 miles (2,400 km) of inland waterways, Alabama has among the most of any state.[9Nickname(s): The Yellowhammer State, The Heart of Dixie, and The Cotton StateMotto(s): Latin: Audemus jura nostra defendereUnited StatesAdmitted to the UnionDecember 14, 1819 (22nd)CapitalMontgomeryLargest cityBirminghamLargest metroGreater Birmingham"
}
] |
d5d9ec080dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the name of the military air base that is about 10 miles south of the capital of the Chinese province of Sichuan? | Chengdu Fenghuangshan Airport is located approximately 10 miles south of Chengdu. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Chengdu Fenghuangshan Airport ( Chinese: 成都凤凰山机场) is military air base in Chengdu, Sichuan province, China. During World War II it was a United States Army Air Forces airfield. It is located approximately 10 miles south of Chengdu."
},
{
"text": "Chengdu (UK: /tʃɛŋˈduː/, US: /tʃʌŋ-/;[9] Sichuanese pronunciation: [tsʰən˨˩tu˥], Standard Mandarin pronunciation: [ʈʂʰə̌ŋ.tú] (About this soundlisten)), alternatively romanized as Chengtu, is a sub-provincial city which serves as the capital of the Chinese province of Sichuan. It is one of the three most-populous cities in Western China, the other two being Chongqing and Xi'an"
}
] |
d5d9ec300dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the color that does not occur naturally of the element that has its name based on Ancient Greek, if pure? | Silvery-white. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The color of pure molybdenum is silvery-white. It does not occur naturally, and is made from molybdenite. It is used in alloys with other metals like stainless steel. It helps to make metal stronger, especially in high temperatures, and makes it less likely to rust. This makes it good for use in high speed tools, such as drills and saw blades."
},
{
"text": "The name is from Neo-Latin molybdaenum, which is based on Ancient Greek Μόλυβδος molybdos, meaning lead, since its ores were confused with lead ores."
}
] |
d5d9ec580dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The language Bolak, invented by Leon Bollack, is what type of language whose phonology, grammar, and vocabulary, instead of having developed naturally, are consciously devised? | It's a constructed language. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Bolak is a constructed language that was invented by Léon Bollack. The name of the language means both \"blue language\" and \"ingenious creation\" in the language itself."
},
{
"text": "A constructed language (sometimes called a conlang) is a language whose phonology, grammar, and vocabulary, instead of having developed naturally, are consciously devised. Constructed languages may also be referred to as artificial languages, planned languages or invented languages and in some cases, fictional languages."
}
] |
d5d9ec800dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | From where did the city that is directly south to the town of Jisr az-Zarqa inherit its name and territory? | The ancient city of Caesarea Maritima. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Caesarea is situated approximately 5 kilometers (3 mi) northwest of the city of Hadera, and is bordered to the east by the Caesarea Industrial Zone and the city of Or Akiva. Directly to the north of Caesarea is the town of Jisr az-Zarqa . Keisariya is divided into a number of residential zones, known as clusters."
},
{
"text": "Caesarea, Keysariya or Qesarya, often simplified to Keisarya, and Qaysaria,[2] is a town in north-central Israel, which inherits its name and much of its territory from the ancient city of Caesarea Maritima (Greek: Καισάρεια[2])."
}
] |
d5d9ecd00dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | If the dory spear is at its smallest length, how much longer is it than the SPEAR 3? | It would be .4 feet longer. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The weapon will make substantial reuse of technologies from the Brimstone precision strike missile that is used for engagements at shorter ranges. The 2 m (6.6 ft) weapon will fly at high-subsonic speed using a turbojet and wing kit, and will feature a multimode seeker with INS/GPS guidance and datalink."
},
{
"text": "The primary weapon of the hoplite, the dory spear was 7 to 9 feet in length, weighing 1 to 2 kilograms, having a two inch diameter wooden handle, and tipped with an iron spearhead on one end and another iron tip on the other."
}
] |
d5d9ecf80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What name did the rule who died in 952 and the last ruler to be recognized as a Roman emperor share? | Both were named Constantine. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Constantine, son of Áed ( Medieval Gaelic: Causantín mac Áeda; Modern Gaelic: Còiseam mac Aoidh, known in most modern regnal lists as Constantine II; born no later than 879; died 952) was an early King of Scotland, known then by the Gaelic name Alba."
},
{
"text": "Constantine VI was the final ruler to be universally recognized as Roman emperor, being recognized as such by both the Empire which he ruled in the east, the papacy and the Western European powers over which the pope held suzerainty."
}
] |
d5d9ed200dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Phrygian dominant and Major locrian are both types of what? | Scales | text | [] | [
{
"text": "raising the seventh of the Phrygian dominant scale, (a mode of the harmonic minor scale ), by a semitone. raising the seventh and third of the Phrygian mode, (a mode of the major scale ), by a semitone. lowering both the sixth and second of a major scale by a semitone."
},
{
"text": "Major locrian scale, a scale similar to locrian, also the aeolian mode with ♭ 5th and ♯ 3rd. This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Arabic scale."
}
] |
d5d9ed480dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What 1963 revisionist Western movie directed by Martin Ritt stars Paul Newman as the reworked title character that is also an antihero | Hud | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The film's title character, Hud Bannon, was a minor character in the original screenplay, but was reworked as the lead role. With its main character an antihero, Hud was later described as a revisionist Western ."
},
{
"text": "Hud is a 1963 American Western drama film directed by Martin Ritt and starring Paul Newman, Melvyn Douglas, Brandon deWilde, and Patricia Neal. It was produced by Ritt and Newman's recently founded company, Salem Productions, and was their first film for Paramount Pictures. Hud was filmed on location on the Texas Panhandle, including Claude, Texas."
}
] |
d5d9ed700dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The high peak called Golden Hinde can be found in what area that the twin summits the Lions Gate Bridge was named in their honor are in? | Vancouver. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The highest peak of the Vancouver Island Ranges, the Golden Hinde is named for his vessel. The first European explorer likely to have observed any of the mountains of the Vancouver Island Ranges would have been Captain Juan José Pérez aboard the Spanish frigate Santiago."
},
{
"text": "They can be seen from much of the Greater Vancouver area, as far as Robert Burnaby Park in East Burnaby, south to parts of Surrey, and from the west on the Howe Sound Islands and the Sunshine Coast. Along with the Lions Gate Bridge named in their honour, these twin summits have become one of the most recognizable Vancouver landmarks."
}
] |
d5d9ed980dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What young beyblader who comes from a wealthy family first meets Daichi when his little brother borrows his beyblade and then has it stolen by a Daichi impersonator? | Hikaru | text | [] | [
{
"text": "His bit-beast is Spike Lizard and his beyblade is equipped with rollers for evasiveness and camouflage paint. He often has a group of fangirls that follow him around and cheer him on. He first meets Daichi when his little brother borrows his beyblade and then has it stolen by a Daichi impersonator."
},
{
"text": "Hikaru is a young beyblader who comes from a wealthy family. His bit-beast is Spike Lizard and his beyblade is equipped with rollers for evasiveness and camouflage paint. He often has a group of fangirls that follow him around and cheer him on."
}
] |
d5d9edca0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Did the Battle of Arginusae take place before or after the Social War? | It took place before. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The naval Battle of Arginusae took place in 406 BC during the Peloponnesian War near the city of Canae in the Arginusae islands, east of the island of Lesbos. In the battle, an Athenian fleet commanded by eight strategoi defeated a Spartan fleet under Callicratidas."
},
{
"text": "The Social War, also War of the Allies and the Aetolian War, was fought from 220 BC to 217 BC between the Hellenic League under Philip V of Macedon and the Aetolian League, Sparta and Elis. It was ended with the Peace of Naupactus. Many of the tensions which led to the war were later documented by the Greek historian Polybius ."
}
] |
d5d9edf20dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The impluvium is the sunken part of the atrium in the houses of the Greeks and what other culture, whose Gardens of Lucullus introduced the Persian garden to Europe around 60 BC? | Rome | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Gardens of Lucullus ( Horti Lucullani ), on the Pincian Hill in Rome, introduced the Persian garden to Europe around 60 BC. It was seen as a place of peace and tranquillity, a refuge from urban life, and a place filled with religious and symbolic meaning."
},
{
"text": "The impluvium is the sunken part of the atrium in a Greek or Roman house ( domus ). Designed to carry away the rainwater coming through the compluvium of the roof, it is usually made of marble and placed about 30 cm below the floor of the atrium and emptied into a subfloor cistern. Rain falling through a compluvium in a modern lavoir."
}
] |
d5d9ee1a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Those who speak the modern language of Assyrian Neo-Aramaic can trace their descendants back to the which ancient civilization? | Speakers of the Turoyo language, of which Assyrian Neo-Aramaic stems from, are descendants of peoples from ancient Mesopotamia. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Speakers of Assyrian and Turoyo are ethnic Assyrians and are the descendants of the ancient inhabitants of Mesopotamia. Chaldean is not considered its own independent language from Assyrian; rather, the separation of the two is a designation created by SIL on non- linguistic grounds, rendering 'Chaldean' and 'Assyrian' as dialects of 'Suret'."
},
{
"text": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic, a modern West Semitic language, that belongs to the Northeastern Neo-Aramaic branch Turoyo language, a modern West Semitic language, part of the Central Neo-Aramaic branch"
}
] |
d5d9ee420dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The grand strategy called Germany first and the Western Front marked by two phases of large-scale combat operations are both events of what war? | World War II. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Europe first, also known as Germany first, was the key element of the grand strategy agreed upon by the United States and the United Kingdom during World War II. According to this policy, the United States and the United Kingdom would use the preponderance of their resources to subdue Nazi Germany in Europe first."
},
{
"text": "World War II military engagements in Southern Europe and elsewhere are generally considered as separate theatres. The Western Front was marked by two phases of large-scale combat operations."
}
] |
d5d9ee6a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The name of this garment was derived from the Latin tunica, and Roman senators could be distinguished sartorially because of what ornamentation on said garment? | Roman senators wore a form of the tunic called the Laticlavus, with broad purple stripes, to show their rank/status. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The name derives from the Latin tunica, the basic garment worn by both men and women in Ancient Rome, which in turn was based on earlier Greek garments that covered wearers' waists. Indus valley civilization figurines depict both women and men wearing a tunic-like garment."
},
{
"text": "The Roman tunica was adopted by the Roman citizens in the 3rd century BC. It was often worn by citizens and non-citizens alike; citizens, though, might wear it under the toga, especially at formal occasions. The length of the garment, the presence or lack of stripes, as well as their width and ornamentation, would indicate the wearer's status in Roman society. Roman senators, for example, used the Laticlavus, with broad purple stripes, and members of the equestrian class wore the Angusticlavia, with narrower stripes."
}
] |
d5d9ee9c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Political divisions of what sovereign country in North America are the various recognized governing entities that together form it? | The United States | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Political divisions of the United States are the various recognized governing entities that together form the United States – states, the District of Columbia, territories and Indian reservations . The primary first-level political division of the United States is the state. There are 50 states, which are bound together in a union."
},
{
"text": "The United States of America ( USA) is a sovereign country in North America. It is commonly called the United States ( U.S. or US) or America. There are forty-eight states that border each other and Washington, D.C., the capital district. These states are between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans."
}
] |
d5d9eec40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is Beamforming and what type of waves can it be used for? | Beamforming or spatial filtering is a signal processing technique used in sensor arrays for directional signal transmission or reception. It can be used for radio or sound waves. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Beamforming or spatial filtering is a signal processing technique used in sensor arrays for directional signal transmission or reception. This is achieved by combining elements in an antenna array in such a way that signals at particular angles experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference."
},
{
"text": "Beamforming can be used at both the transmitting and receiving ends in order to achieve spatial selectivity. The improvement compared with omnidirectional reception/transmission is known as the directivity of the array.Beamforming can be used for radio or sound waves."
}
] |
d5d9ef3c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | How many years after a rebellion broke out in the Khazar khaganate were the Magyars involved in the Bulgaro-Byzantine war? | About 64 years after. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The names of the seven tribes were: Jenő, Kér, Keszi, Kürt-Gyarmat, Megyer, Nyék, and Tarján . Around 830, a rebellion broke out in the Khazar khaganate. As a result, three Kabar tribes of the Khazars joined the Hungarians and moved to what the Hungarians call the Etelköz, the territory between the Carpathians and the Dnieper River."
},
{
"text": "The tribe called Magyar was the leading tribe of the Hungarian alliance that conquered the centre of the basin. At the same time (c. 895), due to their involvement in the 894–896 Bulgaro-Byzantine war, Hungarians in Etelköz were attacked by Bulgaria and then by their old enemies the Pechenegs."
}
] |
d5d9ef640dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Besides group whose genotype matches Cheddar Man, who was found in Great Britain, what are the two other main genetic groups of early Holocene Europe? | Scandinavian Hunter-Gatherers (SHG) and Eastern Hunter-Gatherers (EHG). | text | [] | [
{
"text": "During the Mesolithic, the EHGs inhabited an area stretching from the Baltic Sea to the Urals and downwards to the Pontic-Caspian steppe. Along with Scandinavian Hunter-Gatherers (SHG) and Western Hunter-Gatherers (WHG), the EHGs constituted one of the three main genetic groups in the postglacial period of early Holocene Europe."
},
{
"text": "In archaeogenetics, the term Eastern Hunter-Gatherer, East European Hunter-Gatherer, or Eastern European Hunter-Gatherer, is the name given to a distinct ancestral component that represents descent from Mesolithic hunter-gatherers of Eastern Europe. The term is abbreviated as EHG."
},
{
"text": "The term is often abbreviated as WHG. During the Mesolithic, the WHGs inhabited an area stretching from the British Isles in the west to the Carpathians in the east. The Cheddar Man, found in Great Britain, was found to have Western Hunter-Gatherer genotype."
}
] |
d5d9efb40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Did Franklin Roosevelt get a larger percentage of votes in the 1936 U.S. Presidential Election in Tennessee or Oklahoma? | He got a larger percentage in Tennessee. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Tennessee was won by incumbent President Franklin D. Roosevelt ( D – New York ), running with Vice President John Nance Garner, with 68.78% of the popular vote, against Governor Alf Landon ( R – Kansas ), running with Frank Knox, with 30.81% of the popular vote."
},
{
"text": "Oklahoma was won by incumbent President Franklin D. Roosevelt ( D – New York ), running with Vice President John Nance Garner, with 66.83 percent of the popular vote, against Governor Alf Landon ( R – Kansas ), running with Frank Knox, with 32.69 percent of the popular vote."
}
] |
d5d9effa0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Tokudaia and some members of Muridae are both what? | Rats | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Apodemus is a genus of Muridae (true mice and rats). The name is unrelated to that of the Mus genus, instead being derived from the Greek ἀπό-δημος (literally away from home ). Related to the Ryūkyū spiny rats ( Tokudaia) and the prehistoric Rhagamys – and far more distantly to Mus and Malacomys – it includes these species :"
},
{
"text": "Related to the Ryūkyū spiny rats ( Tokudaia) and the prehistoric Rhagamys – and far more distantly to Mus and Malacomys – it includes these species : Prehistoric species described from fossil remains include:"
}
] |
d5d9f0220dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The deep state is a what, once limited to fringe audiences but having become commonplace in mass media? | Conspiracy theory | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The deep state is a conspiracy theory which suggests that collusion and cronyism exist within the U.S. political system and constitute a hidden government within the legitimately elected government."
},
{
"text": "Conspiracy theories once limited to fringe audiences have become commonplace in mass media, contributing to conspiracism emerging as a cultural phenomenon in the United States of the late 20th and early 21st centuries. The general predisposition to believe conspiracy theories cuts across partisan and ideological lines."
}
] |
d5d9f04a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the name of both a mountain range in the northwestern United States and the longest mountain range in Jamaica? | Blue Mountains. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Blue Mountains are a mountain range in the northwestern United States, located largely in northeastern Oregon and stretching into extreme southeastern Washington. The range has an area of about 15,000 square miles (38,850 km 2 ), stretching east and southeast of Pendleton, Oregon, to the Snake River along the Oregon– Idaho border."
},
{
"text": "The Blue Mountains are the longest mountain range in Jamaica. They include the island's highest point, Blue Mountain Peak, at 2256 m (7402 ft). From the summit, accessible via a walking track, both the north and south coasts of the island can be seen. On a clear day, the outline of the island of Cuba, 210 km (130 mi) away, can also be seen."
}
] |
d5d9f09a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which department of the European Union government is responsible for policy? | The Policy DG is reponsible for policy | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Directorate-General for International Partnerships ( DG International Partnerships or DG INTPA) is one of the departments of the European Commission. It operates under the authority of the European Commissioner for International Partnerships, Jutta Urpilainen."
},
{
"text": "The Directorates-General of the European Commission are divided into four groups: Policy DGs, External relations DGs, General Service DGs and Internal Service DGs. Internally, the DGs are referred to by their abbreviations, provided below. ^ \"European Commission: Departments (Directorates-General) and services\"."
}
] |
d5d9f0c20dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Moles and the small fossorial Notoryctids are both types of what animal? | Mammals. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Notoryctes typhlops (southern marsupial mole, known as the itjaritjari by the Pitjantjatjara and Yankunytjatjara people in Central Australia). Notoryctids are small, fossorial mammals that anatomically converge on other fossorial (and distantly related) mammals, such as living golden moles ( Chrysochloridae) and extinct epoicotheres ( Pholidota )."
},
{
"text": "Moles are small mammals adapted to a subterranean lifestyle (i.e., fossorial ). They have cylindrical bodies, velvety fur, very small, inconspicuous ears and eyes, reduced hindlimbs, and short, powerful forelimbs with large paws adapted for digging."
}
] |
d5d9f0ea0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which team has more nicknames: Spain national football team or Istanbul Basaksehir F.K.? | The Spanish national football team has more nicknames. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Spanish football team is sometimes also referred as the Bulls due to this cultural heritage. Spanish team also received other nicknames, mostly \" Toreros \" or \" Matador \", both meanings are Bullfighters in Spanish, to describe its passionate and romantic style of football playing."
},
{
"text": "İstanbul Başakşehir Futbol Kulübü ( Turkish pronunciation: [isˈtɑnbuɫ bɑʃɑkʃeˈhiɾ futˈboɫ kulyˈby]) is a Turkish professional football club based in the Başakşehir district of Istanbul. The club is better known simply as İstanbul Başakşehir or, due to sponsorship, Medipol Başakşehir ( Turkish pronunciation: [mediˈpoɫ bɑʃɑkʃeˈhiɾ] )."
}
] |
d5d9f1120dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The Khyber Pass is located in a Pakistani province whose current name was established in which year? | The Khyber Pass is located in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, which got its current name in 2010. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Khyber Pass (خیبر درہ) is a mountain pass in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, on the border with Afghanistan ( Nangarhar Province ). It connects the town of Landi Kotal to the Valley of Peshawar at Jamrud by traversing part of the Spin Ghar mountains."
},
{
"text": "It was previously known as the North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) until 2010, when the name was changed to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa by the 18th Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan, and is known colloquially by various other names. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is the third-largest province of Pakistan in terms of both population and economy, though it is geographically the smallest of the four provinces.[5]"
}
] |
d5d9f13a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Nominalism holds that there are no what, which according to Ockham, are just words or concepts that only exist in the mind and have no real place in the external world, only individuals? | Universals | text | [] | [
{
"text": "According to Ockham, universals are just words or concepts (at best) that only exist in the mind and have no real place in the external world. His opposition to universals was not based on his eponymous Razor, but rather he found that regarding them as real was contradictory in some sense."
},
{
"text": "Nominalism: there are no universals, only individuals. Taking a broader view, the main positions are generally considered classifiable as: extreme realism, nominalism (sometimes simply named \"anti-realism\" with regard to universals), moderate realism, and idealism."
}
] |
d5d9f1620dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The largest species of snake in Europe make their homes where? | Whipsnake habitats may be distributed along low areas near major rivers, such as the Danube and the Olt River. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Caspian whipsnake ( Dolichophis caspius, sometimes also Coluber caspius) also known as the large whipsnake (among various other species in genus Dolichophis / Coluber ), is a common species of whipsnake found in the Balkans and parts of Eastern Europe . The Caspian whipsnake is perhaps the largest species of snake in Europe."
},
{
"text": "Results from a survey indicate their habitats may be distributed along low areas near major rivers, such as the Danube and the Olt River.[5]It was previously assumed extinct in Moldavia (eastern Romania, southern Ukraine, and western Moldova), where it was only known from two sites, and not observed since 1937.[6] Three specimens were collected in May 2007 in Galați County, somewhat dispelling this belief.[6] Though it is known to be common in the Dobrudja area, knowledge of its distribution in other areas is poor. It is believed to be very rare in these parts, and may also be highly threatened."
}
] |
d5d9f18a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What are the responsibilities of the the 32nd Signal Battalion and the 160th Signal Brigade? | Information and communication support (ICS) for both operational and administrative functions | text | [] | [
{
"text": "A signals brigade is a specialised form of military brigade dedicated to providing communications. Other brigades might have a signals component, but a signals brigade is a brigade dedicated to information and communication support (ICS) for both operational and administrative functions."
},
{
"text": "The 160th Signal Brigade is a communications formation of the United States Army, currently based at Camp Arifjan, Kuwait. It traces its history back to the end of the Second World War ."
},
{
"text": "The 32nd Signal Battalion is a Mobile Subscriber Equipment (MSE)-equipped Corps Signal Battalion. They provide Command, Control, Communications and Computer (C4) support to 22nd Signal Brigade, part of the United States Army 's V Corps."
}
] |
d5d9f1b20dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | According to Swami Vivekananda, why does the Vendanta school of HIndu philosophy's understanding of ananda differ from other's understanding of reaching ananda? | Because each chooses the most appropriate path to ānanda for him or herself. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "According to the Vedanta school of Hindu philosophy, ananda is that state of sublime delight when the jiva becomes free from all sins, all doubts, all desires, all actions, all pains, all sufferings and also from all physical and mental ordinary pleasures."
},
{
"text": "Swami Vivekananda has claimed that the reason different meanings of ānanda and different ways of achieving it are present in Hindu philosophy is that humans differ from each other, and each chooses the most appropriate path to ānanda for him or herself."
}
] |
d5d9f20c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is a geographic area or region defined for purposes of compiling, reporting, and evaluating employment, unemployment, workforce availability, and related topics and was conceived as a commodity market? | Labor market. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Classical and neoclassical economists conceived of the labor market as a commodity market: the concurrent interaction of labor supply (rational workers seeking their well-being) and labor demand (rational employers searching to maximize their profits) should determine general employment and wage levels."
},
{
"text": "A labor market area is a geographic area or region defined for purposes of compiling, reporting, and evaluating employment, unemployment, workforce availability, and related topics."
}
] |
d5d9f22a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The central government of what, whose name in Latin was Imperium Romanum, consisted of the Imperial Court? | The Roman Empire | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Roman Empire ( Latin: Imperium Romanum [ɪmˈpɛri.ũː roːˈmaːnũː]; Koinē Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, romanized: Basileía tōn Rhōmaíōn) was the post- Republican period of ancient Rome. As a polity it included large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Northern Africa, and Western Asia ruled by emperors."
},
{
"text": "The central government of the Roman Empire consisted of the Imperial Court. At the top of the central government was the Emperor himself. From his presence all imperial authority flowed, both civil and military. The edicts of the Emperor were binding upon all persons throughout the Empire."
}
] |
d5d9f25c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The ensemble interpretation and probability distribution over possible quantum states both relate to what field of study? | Quantum mechanics. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In quantum mechanics a statistical ensemble (probability distribution over possible quantum states) is described by a density operator S, which is a non-negative, self-adjoint, trace-class operator of trace 1 on the Hilbert space H describing the quantum system."
},
{
"text": "The ensemble interpretation of quantum mechanics considers the quantum state description to apply only to an ensemble of similarly prepared systems, rather than supposing that it exhaustively represents an individual physical system."
}
] |
d5d9f2840dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What law regulated the behaviors displayed on the Roman artwork known as the Warren Cup? | The Lex Scantinia regulated homosexuality for the first time on record in 149 BC. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "509 BC – The Roman Republic is founded. Homosexuality, as in Greece, is widespread and legalized throughout the Roman heyday, from the Republic to the Empire (see Homosexuality in ancient Rome ). 149 BC – The Lex Scantinia, a Roman law, regulates homosexuality for the first time on record."
},
{
"text": "Roman artwork on pottery, glass and wall-paintings with sexual acts represented were popular and were intended to be seen by all sections of society. The Romans had no word for homosexuality and the images on the Warren Cup provide an important insight into this aspect of their culture."
}
] |
d5d9f2ac0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | In the U.S. military institution that owns INSCOM, what is the Yuma Proving Ground a subordinate of? | Army Test and Evaluation Command. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Yuma Proving Ground ( YPG) is a United States Army proving ground and one of the largest military installations in the world. It is a subordinate command of the Army Test and Evaluation Command ."
},
{
"text": "The United States Army Intelligence and Security Command ( INSCOM) is a direct reporting unit that conducts intelligence, security, and information operations for U.S. Army commanders and national decision-makers. INSCOM is headquartered at Fort Belvoir, Virginia ."
}
] |
d5d9f2d40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | In 1492, Catholic monarchs Ferdinand and Isabella expelled remaining practicing what, examples of whom that were forcibly converted were called Marranos? | Jews | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Marranos were Spanish and Portuguese Jews living in the Iberian Peninsula who converted or were forced to convert to Christianity during the Middle Ages, yet continued to practice Judaism in secret ."
},
{
"text": "Those remaining practicing Jews were expelled by the Catholic monarchs Ferdinand and Isabella in the Alhambra Decree in 1492, following the Christian Reconquest of Spain. As a result of the Alhambra Decree and persecution in prior years, over 200,000 Jews converted to Catholicism and between 40,000 and 100,000 were expelled."
}
] |
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