Datasets:

ThGaskin
/

Migration_flows

This folder contains net migration figures from around 30 countries from 1990 to 2023. The data is provided both in .csv and .nc (netcdf) format, indexed by Year and Country ISO (the ISO3 code of country, following the UN norm). For some countries, we include the UN WPP figures for missing years -- this is specified below: All UN WPP figures relate to the 2024 report. All figures are given in units of 1.

Sources

Australia: Australian Bureau of Statistics. WPP data is included. Austria: Statistik Austria. WPP data is included.
Belgium: StatBEL. WPP 2024 data is included.
Bulgaria: National Statistics Institute of Bulgaria, data given from 2010.
Canada: Statistics Canada. These figures are mid-year to mid-year, so we take midpoint averages. WPP data is included.
Czech Republic: Czech Statistical Database.
Denmark: Statistics Denmark
Germany: Statistisches Bundesamt. WPP data is included.
Estonia: Statistics Estonia. WPP 2024 data is included.
Finland: Statistics Finland.
France: INSEE
Iceland: Statistics Iceland
Ireland: CSO Ireland, PEA03 - Estimated Migration (Persons in April). Data is given April-April needs to be shifted back by 4 months. Figures from 2017 onwards do not agree with UN WPP estimates due to a revision of the Irish census.
Italy: Istat historical and current datasets.
Japan: Data is provided by the Japanese Immigration Services Agency
Latvia: Official statistics of Lativa
Lithuania: Statistics Lithuania
Netherlands: Statistics Netherlands. WPP 2024 data is included.
New Zealand: StatNZ. WPP data is included.
Norway: Statistics Norway. Pre-1999 we use UN WPP data.
Poland*: Statistics Poland. WPP data is included. This data is currently not included in to train the model, since it is based on registrations and thus presumably significantly underestimates the real flows.
Portugal: Data from Statistics Portgual (from 2002 and from 2013)
Slovenia: Statistical Office Slovenia
South Korea: Statistics Korea International Migration Statistics. WPP data is not included.
Spain: INE. WPP data is included.
Sweden: Statistics Sweden
Switzerland: Source: Bundesamt für Statistik. WPP data is included.
Taiwan: Statistics Taiwan. WPP data is included.
United Kingdom: ONS. WPP data is included.
United States: We combine various estimates:
- https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2022/12/net-international-migration-returns-to-pre-pandemic-levels.html
- https://www.cbo.gov/publication/59683
- https://www.census.gov/newsroom/blogs/random-samplings/2024/12/international-migration-population-estimates.html
- https://www.brookings.edu/articles/immigration-is-driving-the-nations-modest-post-pandemic-population-growth-new-census-data-shows/
- https://www.census.gov/data-tools/demo/idb/#/dashboard?dashboard_page=country&COUNTRY_YR_ANIM=2025