Tamazight-NLP/NLLB-Seed_Tamasheq-Latin-Script huggingface dataset:
English: Engineering practice makes a distinction between "mathematical models" and "physical models"; the cost of fabricating a physical model can be minimized by first creating a mathematical model using a computer software package, such as a computer aided design tool.
Tamasheq: Igi ən təmusne itagu təbiɗawt iyat gar "əmikan ən maɗinan" əd "əmikan ən aytawanhayan"; aśuhu ən igitan ən əmik itawanhayan adoben adikil atiwazamadrayan dǎɣ igi izar ən əmik ən maɗinan dǎɣ tadhil ən tabarat ən informatique, atamosan alil ən anikmaman sajiha fal ordinateur.
English: Certain assumptions are necessary for all empirical claims (e.g. the assumption that reality exists).
Tamasheq: Iyad isalan aqalan ayfan fal dak isalan ən təɣirmaten (dǎɣ asikin, ən salan amosan as tidit tiley).
English: This may be as simple as observing that the theory makes accurate predictions, which is evidence that any assumptions made at the outset are correct or approximately correct under the conditions tested.
Tamasheq: Awen adobat adiqil deɣqanen banan ən akayad ən təmusne tigan ən aditiwaɣlakan oɣadan, awa eqalan asidutu ən dak isalan iganen dǎɣ igili eqalan oɣadan meɣ olahan doɣadan dǎɣ tabaraten atiwǎramnen.
English: The theory makes accurate predictions when the assumption is valid, and does not make accurate predictions when the assumption is not valid.
Tamasheq: Mirda itaj tanăbbu tan oɣadnen alwaq wa id inahăjăn tawăɣbălan tolas war itaj tanăbbud tan oɣăd nen alwăq wa id anhăja war t-awăɣbăl.
English: The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) and online Wiktionary indicate its Latin source as assumere ("accept, to take to oneself, adopt, usurp"), which is a conjunction of ad- ("to, towards, at") and sumere (to take).
Tamasheq: "Oxford Engliš Dictionary (OED) əd Wiktionnaire dǎɣ tasiret saknet as tabarat ən latine taqal asinihid ("tiridawt,adakal ən manes, ilmadan, usurɗer"), tataqalat ayertayan ən ad-("à, ibret, dǎɣ ") ən sumere (adakal)".
English: The term was originally employed in religious contexts as in "to receive up into heaven", especially "the reception of the Virgin Mary into heaven, with body preserved from corruption", (1297 CE) but it was also simply used to refer to "receive into association" or "adopt into partnership".
Tamasheq: Əmik eqalan santo ən amitkalan dǎɣ tabaraten tən alɣibadat sund dǎɣ ""agaraw hawendǎɣ har išinawǎn"", atamosan ""alakad wǎn Ɣierge Marie dǎɣ šinawǎn, dər taɣisa tilmadat hile"", (1297 CE) mašan eqalan deɣqanen inbanan amitkalan fal ugiš""agaraw ən tartit"" meɣ ""ulmad dǎɣ təmiduwa""."
English: Confirmations should count only if they are the result of risky predictions; that is to say, if, unenlightened by the theory in question, we should have expected an event which was incompatible with the theory—an event which would have refuted the theory.
Tamasheq: Isidututan wǎranhaga asidinan as afal aqalan atiwajaban ən salan asuɣsadnen, atamosan afal, winan arid fal təmusne ən asostan, nadobat anagu ananafahm ye azaman winan iritiy ən təmusne- azaman wa ugayan ye təmusne.
English: A theory which is not refutable by any conceivable event is non-scientific.
Tamasheq: Təmusne ta winan taqel atiwagayan fal wala iyan azaman atiwasanan eqalan iba ən tənumaq.
English: Some genuinely testable theories, when found to be false, might still be upheld by their admirers—for example by introducing post hoc (after the fact) some auxiliary hypothesis or assumption, or by reinterpreting the theory post hoc in such a way that it escapes refutation.
Tamasheq: Tiyad təmusnawen əs tididǎɣ atiwǎramnen, agud wa disanat as abihawnat adobatnat harwa adiqilnat atiwadhalan fal imakyadan nasnat – dǎɣ asikin dǎɣ itawaga dat hoə (darat igi) ən salan meɣ maɣulat nadarolahan, meɣ dǎɣ liɣitan ən təmusne ən dat hoə dǎɣ əmik was gamad ye tungit.
English: Popper summarized these statements by saying that the central criterion of the scientific status of a theory is its "falsifiability, or refutability, or testability".
Tamasheq: Popper asmasadaw tənaten nes dǎɣ iganu as almaɣnatan wi namas ən tabarat ən tənumaq ən təmusne taqalat as "aytimutuyan, meɣ atiwagayan, meɣ atiwǎraman".
English: Several philosophers and historians of science have, however, argued that Popper's definition of theory as a set of falsifiable statements is wrong because, as Philip Kitcher has pointed out, if one took a strictly Popperian view of "theory", observations of Uranus when first discovered in 1781 would have "falsified" Newton's celestial mechanics.
Tamasheq: Ajotnen ənumaɣan əd kal tənfusen ən tənumaɣawen igraw agudak asitiwadhalan əs aliɣi ən Popper ən təmusne sund ayertayan ən salan atiwasamataynen aqalan ayeɣšadan falas, sund aliɣi ən Philip Kitcher, afal ilmad ahanay iyan atamosan ən popperien ən "təmusne", iikayadan ən Uranus ugud wǎn wadazaran atwinhay dǎɣ 1781 igraw "atiwasamatayan" ən kanan wən séleste ən Newton.
English: Fecundity: "A great scientific theory, like Newton's, opens up new areas of research….
Tamasheq: "Ahidir: ""maqarat təmusne ən tənumaq, sund tan Newton, tiru aynaynen tabaraten ən numaɣ…""
English: At any time, it raises more questions than it can currently answer.
Tamasheq: Daɣ azzămăn, isănkar id isistănăn hullan ojar nen alwăzab wa s addobăt ihuk net
English: Like other definitions of theories, including Popper's, Kitcher makes it clear that a theory must include statements that have observational consequences.
Tamasheq: Sund iyad iliɣitan ən təmusnawen, dǎɣ taha tan Popper, Kitəher sidututnat as təmusne anihaga atagu isalan wi igrawnen awa atiwaɣšadan itawǎnhayan.
English: It may be set out on paper as a system of rules, and it is the more truly a theory the more completely it can be put down in such terms.
Tamasheq: Dtadobǎt atiqil atiwazazgaran fal alkad sund əmik ən tabaraten, əd təmusne taqalat agudak togarat tidit as dtadobǎt atiqil atiwazazgaran dǎɣ əmikan wən.
English: The specific mathematical aspects of classical electromagnetic theory are termed "laws of electromagnetism," reflecting the level of consistent and reproducible evidence that supports them.
Tamasheq: "Dǎɣ hanayan ən maɗinan atiwasanen ən təmusne ən élektromayétique atiwakatlen eqalan asitawa "tabarat tan élektromagnétisme"s, zazgaratid waynayan asidututan aśohatnen əd tawaganen wi tan déhalent."
English: An example of the latter might be the radiation reaction force.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ asikin ən tatilkamat tən adobat adikil aśahat ən tanakra ən zaranzaran.
English: A scientist is a person who conducts scientific research to advance knowledge in an area of interest.
Tamasheq: Anumaɣ iyan eqalan awadim wa tiwiyan tənumaɣen ən təmusnawen fal adagu aykan isdat ən təmuzayen dǎɣ tabarat tinfat.
English: Scientists of different eras (and before them, natural philosophers, mathematicians, natural historians, natural theologians, engineers, and others who contributed to the development of science) have had widely different places in society, and the social norms, ethical values, and epistemic virtues associated with scientists—and expected of them—have changed over time as well.
Tamasheq: Ənumaɣan ən təbiɗawen nazaman (əd datas san, ən kal magrad ən manasan, kal maɗinan, kal tinfas ən manasan, théologientan ən manasan, imusanan əd iyad adinat ahanen dǎɣ təwaƭ ən tənumaq) igašan igagan hulen abdanen dǎɣ tanminak, əd oɣadan ən tanminak, ɣaleurtan nagudin əd ahusken ən tiwit tartayat ən tənumaɣawen – əd atiwasagdahnat ye manasnat – igrawnat intanatedǎɣ asimutiy dǎɣ azaman.
English: Many proto-scientists from the Islamic Golden Age are considered polymaths, in part because of the lack of anything corresponding to modern scientific disciplines.
Tamasheq: Ajotnen ən ɗroto-tənumaɣawen ən awatay wǎn uraɣ ən anislam aqalanat atiwagan sund əmusanan, dǎɣ tasaga ən falas ən iba namel ən dak awa olahan ən tabaraten tən tənumaɣawen amutaynen.
English: Propositions arrived at by purely logical means are completely empty as regards reality.
Tamasheq: Adabaratan wi atwagrawnen fal dǎɣ lalan aridnen dǎɣ uqud aqalnen daknasan awiriha ba ən əmik fal salan ən tidit.
English: Descartes was not only a pioneer of analytic geometry but formulated a theory of mechanics and advanced ideas about the origins of animal movement and perception.
Tamasheq: Deskartes wǎreqel ɣas amazan ən géométrie tan akayad, mašan aliɣat as təmusne ən kanan əd tizart ən nuzguman fal santotan ən awalewal əd təmusne tan arizeg.
English: He provided a comprehensive formulation of classical mechanics and investigated light and optics.
Tamasheq: Ifa isalan iyad əmdanen ən kanan oɣadnen əd atiwaɣran dǎɣ tənure əd ahanay.
English: He discovered that a charge applied to the spinal cord of a frog could generate muscular spasms throughout its body.
Tamasheq: Igraw ahanay as azuk atiwagan ən akilkil ən najar adobat adisidwil aškidkid ən tinikad dǎɣ dak taɣisa ən nes.
English: Lazzaro Spallanzani is one of the most influential figures in experimental physiology and the natural sciences.
Tamasheq: Lazzaro Spallanzani eqal iyan dǎɣ adinat wi ogarnen adagal ən ɗhysiologie tan təmusne əd tənumaɣawen imanasan.
English: However, there is no formal process to determine who is a scientist and who is not a scientist.
Tamasheq: Aguden, wǎrtitila tabarat ən salan fal asiknin wa eqalan tənumaq əd winan tat eqel.
English: A little over half of the respondents wanted to pursue a career in academia, with smaller proportions hoping to work in industry, government, and nonprofit environments.
Tamasheq: Andiran ogaran təzune ən adinat wi atwaɣranen adurhanen adigin aduniyat dǎɣ amas ən śolotan, izar as iyad, ifnaznen dǎɣ ajit, ordan adišɣilan dǎɣ uzin, imanahadan əd imagan ən əšiɣil winan amos azruf.
English: They exhibit a strong curiosity about reality.
Tamasheq: Igan asidutu iyan maqaran nawnaf ən tabarat tan tidit.
English: Some scientists have a desire to apply scientific knowledge for the benefit of people's health, the nations, the world, nature, or industries (academic scientist and industrial scientist).
Tamasheq: Iyad ənumaɣan ilan tarha nigi ən təmuzuyen ən tənumaɣawen dǎɣ tabarat nasaɣat ən tamite, ikalan, aduniyat, imanes meɣ nusintan (tənumaq tan šolotan əd tənumaq tan uzin).
English: These include cosmology and biology, especially molecular biology and the human genome project.
Tamasheq: Amos awen deɣqanen ən əosmologie əd biologie, dǎɣ təbiɗawt ən biologie ən nulléaire əd dawla ən atwigaz ən awadim.
English: The figure included twice as many men as women.
Tamasheq: Amaɗin wen ila əsin hadagan ogarnen medin ən ɗeɗen.
English: Relevant phenomena include supernova explosions, gamma ray bursts, quasars, blazars, pulsars, and cosmic microwave background radiation.
Tamasheq: Azamanan aśohatnen ilanen tinakrawen ən suɗernoɣa, tugiden ən gamma, quasar, blazars pulsars əd zaranzaran ən ider ən kosmiq.
English: Astronomy is one of the oldest natural sciences.
Tamasheq: Astronomie eqalan iyan dǎɣ wi ogarnen tirut ən tənumaɣawen ən manasnat.
English: In the past, astronomy included disciplines as diverse as astrometry, celestial navigation, observational astronomy, and the making of calendars.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ okayan, astronomie ila tabaraten deɣqanen abdanen ən astronomie, umaɣ ən šinawǎn, astronomie ən kayadan əd ukisawǎn ən əalendriertan.
English: Observational astronomy is focused on acquiring data from observations of astronomical objects.
Tamasheq: Astronomie ən kayadan anikmanen fal agaraw ən hukitan dǎɣ tasaga ən kayadan ən haratan ən astronomiquetan.
English: These two fields complement each other.
Tamasheq: Tən əsanatat tabaraten aqalnat tinmidhilnen.
English: Based on strict dictionary definitions, "astronomy" refers to "the study of objects and matter outside the Earth's atmosphere and of their physical and chemical properties," while "astrophysics" refers to the branch of astronomy dealing with "the behavior, physical properties, and dynamic processes of celestial objects and phenomena".
Tamasheq: "Dǎɣ liɣitan oɣadnen ən alkitab, əmik "astronomie" ayeqal ""teɣare ən haratan əd əmik dǎɣ sagama ən afala ən nakal əd tabaraten nasan ən ahanay əd əhimiquetan", atamosan əmik "astroɗhysique" eqal tabarat ən astronomie wa itagan ən "talɣa, ən tabarat atiwǎnhaynen əd əšiɣil ikaran ən haratan əd azamanan ən šinawǎn"".
English: Some fields, such as astrometry, are purely astronomy rather than also astrophysics.
Tamasheq: Iyad tabaraten, sund astronomie, idizgaran astronomie wa aridan əd babo ən astrofiziq.
English: From these observations, early ideas about the motions of the planets were formed, and the nature of the Sun, Moon and the Earth in the Universe were explored philosophically.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ afel ən kayadan wən, wi dazarnen inuzguman fal wiliwalan ən tibuluɣen aqalnen atiwagan, əd imanes ən Tafuk, ən Iyur əd Akal dǎɣ aduniyat eqalan atiwazazgaran ən migridan.
English: A particularly important early development was the beginning of mathematical and scientific astronomy, which began among the Babylonians, who laid the foundations for the later astronomical traditions that developed in many other civilizations.
Tamasheq: Təwaɗen aśohatnen atamosnen ayfan eqalan santo ən astronomie ən amaɗin əd tənumaq, ta tisintat ɣur Babylonientan, wi ijarnen dǎɣ santo ən əšiɣilan ən astronomiquetan ən amas wi aqalnen awiɗan dǎɣ ajotnen iyad aniyatan.
English: Greek astronomy is characterized from the start by seeking a rational, physical explanation for celestial phenomena.
Tamasheq: Astronomie ən greq eqal harwa santo fal umaɣ ən liɣitan rationnel əd tawǎnhaynen dǎɣ azamanan ən šinawǎn.
English: Hipparchus also created a comprehensive catalog of 1020 stars, and most of the constellations of the northern hemisphere derive from Greek astronomy.
Tamasheq: Hipparque intadǎɣ iga iyan alkitab imdan ən 1020 etran, əd iyad dak ən tamsudut ən efadan wan ataram adizgaran ən astronomie ən greq.
English: Georg von Peuerbach (1423–1461) and Regiomontanus (1436–1476) helped make astronomical progress instrumental to Copernicus's development of the heliocentric model decades later.
Tamasheq: Georg ɣon Peuerbach (1423-1461) əd Regiomontanus (1436-1476) ikasan dǎɣ təwaɗen ən astronomie wa igan ən Əoɗerniə ən asiwiɗ ən əmik ašarkakiy wa namas ən təmirwen ogarnen tahagit.
English: In 964, the Andromeda Galaxy, the largest galaxy in the Local Group, was described by the Persian Muslim astronomer Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi in his Book of Fixed Stars.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ 964, atir wan Andromède, wa ogaran təmɣire ən atir ən Tartit ən Nakal, əd akatab fal Astronome ən nisliman inabag Abd al-Rahaman al-Sufi dǎɣ Alkitab ines ən etran aqtanen.
English: Astronomers during that time introduced many Arabic names now used for individual stars.
Tamasheq: Astronometan ən azaman wen igan ajotnen isimawan ən araban amitkalnen ešalidǎɣ fal asikin etran ən manasan.
English: Songhai historian Mahmud Kati documented a meteor shower in August 1583.
Tamasheq: Awtinfast Songhaï Mahmud Kati asmasadaw aginan ən météoretan dǎɣ août 1583.
English: Kepler was the first to devise a system that correctly described the details of the motion of the planets around the Sun.
Tamasheq: Kepler amos wa ezzărăn eɣnăn sistem s oɣădăn afăssăr net n amătikwăy n tešše edes n tafukt.
English: The English astronomer John Flamsteed catalogued over 3000 stars, More extensive star catalogues were produced by Nicolas Louis de Lacaille.
Tamasheq: Astronome wan anglais John Flamsteed asdaw ogaran 3 000 etran. Nicolas Louis ən Lacaille ən igitan ən tisdiwen ən etran ogarnen timidawt.
English: This work was further refined by Joseph-Louis Lagrange and Pierre Simon Laplace, allowing the masses of the planets and moons to be estimated from their perturbations.
Tamasheq: Əšiɣilan wən aqalan ašišan fal Joseph-Louis Lagrange əd Pierre Simon Laplace, taganen asikin ən tazayt ən tiblulaɣen əd ayuran dǎɣ afel ən ɣašadan nasan.
English: Stars were proven to be similar to the Earth's own Sun, but with a wide range of temperatures, masses, and sizes.
Tamasheq: Eqal atiwasaknan as etran aqalan olahan ən Tafuk ən Akal, mašan dər iyan haruwan lefe ən takast, ən tazayt əd tebade.
English: Theoretical astronomy led to speculations on the existence of objects such as black holes and neutron stars, which have been used to explain such observed phenomena as quasars, pulsars, blazars, and radio galaxies.
Tamasheq: Astronomie wan təmusne inuzguman fal amel ən haratan amosnen as tiɣuš kawalnen əd etran ən neutrontan, wi aqalnen amitkalan fal aliɣi ən azamanan atiwakyadnen atamosan quasars, pulsars, blazars əd radio ən etran.
English: Observational astronomy may be categorized according to the corresponding region of the electromagnetic spectrum on which the observations are made.
Tamasheq: Astronomi tan akăyăd tăddobăt asakăt s rejion tan ti anmăwăl nen id spektrom elektromayetik fal taj in ikayădan.
English: Although some radio waves are emitted directly by astronomical objects, a product of thermal emission, most of the radio emission that is observed is the result of synchrotron radiation, which is produced when electrons orbit magnetic fields.
Tamasheq: Ahuskat as iyyad ondetan ən arajo aqalnen atiwagan əs tiɣida fal haratan ən astronomiquetan, iyan asinimitif ən salan arɣanen, iyad dak isalan ən arajo atiwakyadnen aqalan aliɣi ən zaranzaran ən synəhrotron, wa eqalan asinimi ƭif agud wan eleətrontan ahanen ahazan ən nadag wan magnétiquetan
English: Observations from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) have been particularly effective at unveiling numerous galactic protostars and their host star clusters.
Tamasheq: Ikayadan ən Wide-field Infrared Surɣey Explorer (WISE) aqalan atamosan aśohen fal aszizgar ən ajotnen proto-etran ən galaətiquetan əd marhan nasan ən nasftaɣan.
English: Images of observations were originally drawn by hand.
Tamasheq: Tăliwen n ikăyadvn daɣ alasăl dallăj nat s afus .
English: Ultraviolet astronomy is best suited to the study of thermal radiation and spectral emission lines from hot blue stars (OB stars) that are very bright in this wave band.
Tamasheq: Astronomie aśohen eqal ogaran ulmad ən taɣare ən zaranzaran ən akusan əd tisirad ən salan tawanhaynen dǎɣ etran wi dalatnen akusnen (etran OB) wi aqalnen hulen amilaylawan dǎɣ tabarat ten ən ondetan.
English: Gamma rays may be observed directly by satellites such as the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory or by specialized telescopes called atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes.
Tamasheq: Alaɣan wi gamma adoben adiqil atiwakyadan agudendǎɣ fal satellitetan atamosnen Akayad ən Compton ən alaɣan ən gamma meɣ fal ən télesəoɗetan atiwasanen sitawana téleskobetan atmosɗhérique ən Cherenkov.
English: Gravitational-wave astronomy is an emerging field of astronomy that employs gravitational-wave detectors to collect observational data about distant massive objects.
Tamasheq: Astronomi tan gravitasyon t amos abăra id ewădan isăxdăman detekter tan win gravitasyon i asidu n isălăn n akăyăd fal hărătan ajjotnen wi ajjuj nen.
English: Historically, accurate knowledge of the positions of the Sun, Moon, planets and stars has been essential in celestial navigation (the use of celestial objects to guide navigation) and in the making of calendars.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ tənfas, ən təmuzuyt tatiwasanat ən tiɣaymaten ən Tafuk, ən Ayur, ən tiblulaɣen əd etran aqalnen amosan fal umaɣ ən šinawan (amitkal ən haratan ən šinawan fal uqud ən umaɣ) əd fal ukisawan ən əalendriertan.
English: The measurement of stellar parallax of nearby stars provides a fundamental baseline in the cosmic distance ladder that is used to measure the scale of the Universe.
Tamasheq: Akot ən parallaxe ən stellaire ən etran ohaznen ihaku tasiret ən santo atiwasanan dǎɣ asakankin ən animkiš ən kosmiq wa eqalan atiwakalan fal akot ən asakankin ən zaleɣat.
English: Analytical models of a process are better for giving broader insight into the heart of what is going on.
Tamasheq: Dumu tan win amiyiz n tamătikwayt i olaɣnen ihuk n akayad maqqoran daɣ ammăs n wa ijan.
English: The observation of a phenomenon predicted by a model allows astronomers to select between several alternate or conflicting models as the one best able to describe the phenomena.
Tamasheq: Ikayadan ən azamanan atiwananen fal əmik itagan dǎɣ astronometan ən ukis ən gar ajotnen əmikan animašraynen meɣ atiwamadašnen awen eqal aridan ən manes ye akatab ən azaman.
English: In some cases, a large amount of inconsistent data over time may lead to the total abandonment of a model.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ iyad əmikan, iyan maqaran hadi ən hukitan winan ikna dǎɣ azaman adobat adilwiy əs tahyawt dak ən əmik.
English: Because astrophysics is a very broad subject, astrophysicists typically apply many disciplines of physics, including mechanics, electromagnetism, statistical mechanics, thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, relativity, nuclear and particle physics, and atomic and molecular physics.
Tamasheq: Astrofiziq eqalan isalan hulen harawnen, ən astrofisisyentan tagan atamosan ajotnen tabaraten ən ahanay, atamosan ikanan, éleətromagnétisme, ikanan ən ihomiši, thermodynamique, ikanan ən quantique, olahan, aytawanhayan ən nukléaire əd aytawanhayan ən aybdan, mašan ikayadan ən atomique əd molékilaire.
English: The word "astrochemistry" may be applied to both the Solar System and the interstellar medium.
Tamasheq: Tafirt "astrošimi" adobat adigiš agudiyan əmik ən tafuk əd dǎɣ amas ən etran.
English: The term exobiology is similar.
Tamasheq: Əmik ən exobiologie eqala olahan.
English: Observations of the large-scale structure of the Universe, a branch known as physical cosmology, have provided a deep understanding of the formation and evolution of the cosmos.
Tamasheq: Ikayadan ən tartit maqarat ən asakankin ən Aduniyat, iyat tabarat tatiwasanat daw isim ən əosmologie tawanhayat, igan afahamat dǎɣ ider ən igitan əd tiwaƭ ən əosmos.
English: A hierarchical structure of matter began to form from minute variations in the mass density of space.
Tamasheq: Tartit ən tənumukila ən əmik intan ye adilmid dǎɣ afel ən təbiɗawen ən sider ən untam ən tazayt ən nadag.
English: Gravitational aggregations clustered into filaments, leaving voids in the gaps.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ sirtayan ən ɣalayan aqala ayertayan dǎɣ tenale, tiyit banan dǎɣ dagan atiwayanen.
English: Various fields of physics are crucial to studying the universe.
Tamasheq: Ajotnen tabaraten ən hanayan aqalnen santo ən taɣare ən aduniyat.
English: Finally, the latter is important for the understanding of the large-scale structure of the cosmos.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ samando, wa dilkaman eqalan ayfan fal afahamat ən tartit ən maqarat ən asakankin ən əosmos.
English: As the name suggests, an elliptical galaxy has the cross-sectional shape of an ellipse.
Tamasheq: Sund isim ines isakna, iyan atir ən ellibtiq dǎɣ əmik dǎɣ tuzant ən ellibse.
English: Elliptical galaxies are more commonly found at the core of galactic clusters, and may have been formed through mergers of large galaxies.
Tamasheq: Etran ən ellibtiqtan wi ahanen ogarnen agudiyan dǎɣ ulhe ən marhan ən netran, əd adoben adigriwan adiqilan atiwasartyan fal aśisuhu ən wi maqornen etran.
English: Spiral galaxies are typically surrounded by a halo of older stars.
Tamasheq: Etran ən abulaɣnen aqalan intanedǎɣ aditiwaɣlayan əs halo ən etran ogarnen tirut.
English: About a quarter of all galaxies are irregular, and the peculiar shapes of such galaxies may be the result of gravitational interaction.
Tamasheq: Ihomiši tazune ən dak etran aqalnen awinan ertey, əd əmikan abdanen ən etran adobatnen adiqilan aliɣi ən nimigišan ən ɣalayan.
English: A radio galaxy is an active galaxy that is very luminous in the radio portion of the spectrum, and is emitting immense plumes or lobes of gas.
Tamasheq: Arajo-netran taqalat iyan atir əšɣalan hulen ən tanure dǎɣ tasaga ən arajo ən sɗeətre, əd wi taganen maqoran asirtay meɣ tazune ən gaz.
English: The large-scale structure of the cosmos is represented by groups and clusters of galaxies.
Tamasheq: Tartit maqarat ən asakankin ən əosmos eqalan atiwasaknan fal tidawen əd marhan ən etran.
English: In the center of the Milky Way is the core, a bar-shaped bulge with what is believed to be a supermassive black hole at its center.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ amas ən Tabarat tan aɣe ihan amas, bulbe dǎɣ əmik ən agaɣ dər awa aɣel adiqil tanibek kawalat ən maqarat ən tazayt dǎɣ amas ines.