Tamazight-NLP/NLLB-Seed_Tamasheq-Latin-Script huggingface dataset:
English: There are four families of engineered nucleases: meganucleases, zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and the Cas9-guideRNA system (adapted from CRISPR).
Tamasheq: Ilanati ikozat alɣayalan ən nuəléase amotaynen : meganuəleasetan, nuəleasetan wi tisikad ən Zinə, nuəleasetan wi igitan nəmik wan asikar wan transəriɗtion (TALEN) əd əmik wan Cas9-guideRNA (ilmadan CRISPR).
English: In 1972 Paul Berg created the first recombinant DNA molecule when he combined DNA from a monkey virus with that of the lambda virus.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ 1972, Paul Breg iga ta ditazarat molécule ən ADN tartayat dǎɣ asirtay ən ADN əd ɣirus wan layo dər wan ɣirus wan lambda.
English: The bacteria that had successfully incorporated the plasmid was then able to survive in the presence of kanamycin.
Tamasheq: Bactérie ta tigrawat atigiš plasmide taqal adiš adoben atidir dǎɣ tajayhit ən kanamycine.
English: In 1974 Rudolf Jaenisch created a transgenic mouse by introducing foreign DNA into its embryo, making it the world's first transgenic animal.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ 1974, Rudolf J igan eɣalam transgénique dǎɣ iga ADN nanaftaɣ dǎɣ aranes, awa igan awudar transgénique wa dazaran dǎɣ aduniyat.
English: Mice with genes removed (termed a knockout mouse) were created in 1989.
Tamasheq: Iɣalaman wis gènetan nasan aqalan ahin igmadan (sitawan Iɣalaman knoəkout) adǎɣ igan 1989.
English: In 1983 the first genetically engineered plant was developed by Michael W. Bevan, Richard B. Flavell and Mary-Dell Chilton.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ 1983, wa dazaran ahisk amosan amutayan eqal aygašan dǎɣ santo fal Miəhael W. Bevan, Richard
English: In 2000, Vitamin A-enriched golden rice was the first plant developed with increased nutrient value.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ 2000, tafaɣat tolaɣat taha vitamine A ataqal ahišk wadazaran dǎɣ təwaƭ dər tanfo namiškan wariga.
English: The insulin produced by bacteria, branded humulin, was approved for release by the Food and Drug Administration in 1982.
Tamasheq: Insuline ta ditizgarat fal baətérietan, sitawan humuline, ataqal atiwasaknan Food and Drug Administration dǎɣ 1982.
English: In 1994 Calgene attained approval to commercially release the Flavr Savr tomato, the first genetically modified food.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ 1994, Calgene igraw tabarat tan ašinš ən tomata Flavr Savr, ašaško wa dazaran amosan amutayan.
English: In 2010, scientists at the J. Craig Venter Institute announced that they had created the first synthetic bacterial genome.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ 2010, əmusanan wən J. Craig Venter Institute aliɣen as igan wa dazaran génome bactérien synthétique.
English: It was released to the US market in 2003.
Tamasheq: Igaš hebu wa ameriəaintan dǎɣ 2003.
English: Genes and other genetic information from a wide range of organisms can be added to a plasmid and inserted into bacteria for storage and modification.
Tamasheq: Gènetan əd iyad igitan ən génétique ədigmadnen leɣe haruwan ən organismetan adobatnen adiqilan asewaɗan ɗlasmide əd ugiš ən baətérietan fal adiqilnat adiwan əd amutayan.
English: A large number of custom plasmids make manipulating DNA extracted from bacteria relatively easy.
Tamasheq: Hadi ən plasmidetan maqornen atiwazaynen tasababan ye anihid sihomiši raqis ən ADN adizgaran baətérietan.
English: Scientists can easily manipulate and combine genes within the bacteria to create novel or disrupted proteins and observe the effect this has on various molecular systems.
Tamasheq: Əmusanan adoben dǎɣ tarɣise aranahadan əd asirtiyan gènetan dǎɣ amas ən baətérietan fal arigin ɗrotéinetan aynaynen meɣ əšlaynen əd ahanay nawen dǎɣ əmikan ajotnen ən nucléairetan.
English: Bacteria have been used in the production of food for a long time, and specific strains have been developed and selected for that work on an industrial scale.
Tamasheq: Bacterietan aqalnat amitkalan harwa aru dǎɣ igitan ən šiška, əd souəhetan abdanen aqalan awidan ən atiwakasan fal əšiɣil wan nasakankin nusine.
English: Most food-producing bacteria are lactic acid bacteria, and this is where the majority of research into genetically engineering food-producing bacteria has gone.
Tamasheq: Iyad dǎɣ baətérietan tə taganen əšiška aqalnat baətérietan naɣ, əd awendǎɣ asirtayan ajen dǎɣ numaɣan dǎɣ génie génétique dǎɣ baətérietan tə nigitan ən šiška.
English: The majority are produced in the US and even though regulations are in place to allow production in Europe, as of 2015 no food products derived from bacteria are currently available there.
Tamasheq: Ajit nasnat dak eqal aygan dǎɣ États-Unis əd izar indar ikanan aqalan dǎɣ edag fal asirdilan igitan dǎɣ Europe, dǎɣ 2015, waladǎɣ iyan harat ən šiška ən bactérietan wareqel atilan amaradǎɣ.
English: The bacteria are then harvested and the desired protein purified from them.
Tamasheq: Bactérietan aqalnat agudiyan adigmadan əd protéine adirhana as taqal anšišan.
English: Many of these proteins are impossible or difficult to obtain via natural methods and they are less likely to be contaminated with pathogens, making them safer.
Tamasheq: Ajen dǎɣ ɗrotéinetan tən aqalnat awinan adobat meɣ aśohen ye adigriwnat tekanitan ən manasnat əd daqalnat ayfnazan dǎɣ maɣulat ən natamalsen fal agentan ɗathogène, awa itan itagan aytbatan.
English: Outside of medicine they have been used to produce biofuels.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ wartaha médecine, aqalant amitkalan dǎɣ igitan ən biocarburantan.
English: Ideas include altering gut bacteria so they destroy harmful bacteria, or using bacteria to replace or increase deficient enzymes or proteins.
Tamasheq: Ənizguman ilan təmotayen ən baətérietan nadanan fal adiɣšidnat bactérietan tən ibrarnen, meɣ idakalan ən bactérietan fal asimutiy meɣ asiwid ən enzymetan meɣ protéinetan ibrarnen.
English: Enabling the bacteria to form a colony could provide a more long-term solution, but could also raise safety concerns as interactions between bacteria and the human body are less well understood than with traditional drugs.
Tamasheq: Ihuk ye bactérietan ya ariginat edag adoben atiha adabara ogaran tahagit, mašan adobat deɣqanen arisansu aśibaban wi uguz, falas ənmigišan gar bactérietan əd təɣiswen nadinat aqalan andiran dǎɣ tihusay ən faham ye tən ən sifran wi kal hiskan.
English: For over a century bacteria have been used in agriculture.
Tamasheq: Harwa okayan temede nawatay, bactérietan aqalnat amitkalan dǎɣ asigyik.
English: With advances in genetic engineering, these bacteria have been manipulated for increased efficiency and expanded host range.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ təwaɗen ən génie génétique, bactérietan aqalnat atiwadasan fal asiwid ən aśahat əd asihraw ən gamme naynayan.
English: Pseudomonas strains of bacteria cause frost damage by nucleating water into ice crystals around themselves.
Tamasheq: Souchetan ən bactérietan pseudomonas tagan iɣašadan ən gel nuəleant naman dǎɣ krimkraman ən glaəe dǎɣ ahazanes.
English: Other uses for genetically modified bacteria include bioremediation, where the bacteria are used to convert pollutants into a less toxic form.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ wəyadnen imatkalan ən baətérietan amosnen amutayan, amosnen biorestauration, ɣur baətérietan aqalnat amitkalan fal asimililiy ən ɗolluantan dǎɣ əmik ifnazan dǎɣ alabasan.
English: In the 1980s artist Jon Davis and geneticist Dana Boyd converted the Germanic symbol for femininity (ᛉ) into binary code and then into a DNA sequence, which was then expressed in Escherichia coli.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ wityan wi 1980, amanzar Jon Dǎɣis əd génétiəienne Dana Boyd asmalalayan ašikel ən Germanique wan ɗeɗen (ᛉ) dǎɣ ufir wasisin, darat awen dat təfirest tan ADN, was agudiyan eqal adizgaran dǎɣ Escherichia coli.
English: Researchers can use this to control for various factors; including the target location, insert size, and duration of gene expression.
Tamasheq: Ənumaɣan adoben aditkilan almaɣna wendǎɣ fal adanahadan ye haratan ajotnen, atamosan daha dila awa atiwamaɣan, tabade tan insert əd tahagit tan əmik ən gene.
English: Although primarily still at trial stages, there has been some successes using gene therapy to replace defective genes.
Tamasheq: Ahuskat as taqal harwa atamosan ɣur edag wan irum, thérapie génique tizay igaraw iyad dǎɣ asimutiy ən gènetan winan əmda.
English: As of 2018, there are a substantial number of clinical trials underway, including treatments for hemophilia, glioblastoma, chronic granulomatous disease, cystic fibrosis and various cancers.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ 2018, ihandagan ajotnen niruman ən əliniquetan aqalan ayagan, atamosan asisifir wan hémophile, wan glioblastome, wan turhina tan granulomateuse əhronique, wan mucoviscidose əd əanəertan ajotnen.
English: Herpes simplex viruses make promising vectors, having a carrying capacity of over 30kb and providing long term expression, although they are less efficient at gene delivery than other vectors.
Tamasheq: Virus wan herpès simplex amos ahan vecteurtan wən wisaknanen, ilanen aśahat nalagi nogaran 30 kb əd sardalan isalan tahaganen, ahuskat as warilen aśahat fal ukisawan ən gènetan ən vecteurtan iyad.
English: Other viruses that have been used as vectors include alphaviruses, flaviviruses, measles viruses, rhabdoviruses, Newcastle disease virus, poxviruses, and picornaviruses.
Tamasheq: Virus iyad aqalan amitkalan sund vecteurtan, atamosnen alɗhavirustan, flavivirus, virustan wən rougeole, rhabdovirus. Virus wa wan turhina tan Newcastle, poxvirus əd picornavirus.
English: This does not affect the viruses infectivity, invokes a natural immune response and there is no chance that they will regain their virulence function, which can occur with some other vaccines.
Tamasheq: Awen waritiwid aɣašad wan virustan , idalam aliɣi ən immunitaire imanes əd wartila wala iyan asibab ye adigriwan əšiɣil nasan wa virustan, awa adoben aragu dər iyad niyad ənuzmay.
English: The most effective vaccine against Tuberculosis, the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine, only provides partial protection.
Tamasheq: Anazmay wa ogaran aśuhu ən tuberəulose, anazmay wan Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), warihuku ad uguz ən hadagan.
English: Other vector-based vaccines have already been approved and many more are being developed.
Tamasheq: Iyad inuzmay iganen dǎɣ ɣeəteurtan aqalan atiwasaknan əd iyad ajotnen aqalan ayhan alwaq wa təwadnen.
English: In 2004, researchers reported that a genetically modified virus that exploits the selfish behaviour of cancer cells might offer an alternative way of killing tumours.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ 2004, ənumaɣan asiknan as virus amosan amutayan takasnen əmikan tarha tan celluletan əanəéreuse adoben arafu alil iyan inaqan tumeurtan.
English: The virus was injected into orange trees to combat citrus greening disease that had reduced orange production by 70% since 2005.
Tamasheq: Virus eqal aygašan dǎɣ organetan fal adiknisan dər turhina tan greeing tan agrumetan wi ifnaznen igitan wi orangetan wi 70% harwa 2005.
English: Genetically modified viruses that make the target animals infertile through immunocontraception have been created in the laboratory as well as others that target the developmental stage of the animal.
Tamasheq: Virustan amosnen amutayan wi taganen iwadǎɣan wi atiwarhanen ad witiruwan fal immunoəontraəeɗtion adǎɣ igan dǎɣ laboratoire, mašan iyad atiwakanen dǎɣ edag wan ƭiwaƭ ən awadǎɣ.
English: Genetic modification of the myxoma virus has been proposed to conserve European wild rabbits in the Iberian peninsula and to help regulate them in Australia.
Tamasheq: Təmotayen tən génétique tən virus wan myxome eqal atwasaknan fal atawar ən timarwalen narog ən euroɗéentan dǎɣ péninsule ibérique əd fal tilalt ye kanan nasan dǎɣ Australie.
English: It is possible to engineer bacteriophages to express modified proteins on their surface and join them up in specific patterns (a technique called phage display).
Tamasheq: Eqal adoben igi asimutiy ən baətérioɗhagetan fal asiknin ɗrotéinetan amutayan dǎɣ taryare əd asirtay amosan harat atiwazayan (təmusne sitawana azizgar ən ɗhagetan).
English: For industrial applications, yeasts combine the bacterial advantages of being a single-celled organism that is easy to manipulate and grow with the advanced protein modifications found in eukaryotes.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ igitan wi usinetan, levuretan sartayan tanfoten tən bactérietan, aqalanen organismetan winan ila celluletan raqisan dǎɣ edes əd agayak, dər təmotayen tən protéinetan aynaynen itigiz awadim ɣur eucaryotetan.
English: One has increased malolactic fermentation efficiency, while the other prevents the production of dangerous ethyl carbamate compounds during fermentation.
Tamasheq: Iyat asewadan aśahat ən abašu ən malolaətique, izar iyan idgal igitan nayjaran ertayan ən əarbamate wan ethyl agud wa nabašu.
English: Unlike bacteria and viruses they have the advantage of infecting the insects by contact alone, although they are out competed in efficiency by chemical pesticides.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ animašray ən bactérietan əd dǎɣ virustan, ilan tadhil nasimilse ən ɣišinširan fal banan anmidis, ahusken aqalan okayan dǎɣ aśahat fal pesticidetan chimique.
English: An attractive target for biological control are mosquitos, vectors for a range of deadly diseases, including malaria, yellow fever and dengue fever.
Tamasheq: Tadast, veəteurtan ən anilkam əmdan dǎɣ turhinawen naqanen, amosnen malaria, tahafnint əd denge, aqalnen atiwamaɣan əs tuhusay fal akinas ən biologique.
English: Another strategy is to add proteins to the fungi that block transmission of malaria or remove the Plasmodium altogether.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ əmik iyan itagan asiwiƭ ən ChamPignontan wən Protéinetan wi dagalnen asimilse ən Paludisme meɣ adikis waladǎɣ antikan Plasmodium.
English: Many plants are pluripotent, meaning that a single cell from a mature plant can be harvested and under the right conditions can develop into a new plant.
Tamasheq: Əhiskan ajotnen aqalan PluriPotente, awa amosan as əellule iyadǎɣ dǎɣ ahisk wašaran adobat adiqil aygmaɗan əd, dǎɣ alwaqan ahuskatnen, təwadan dǎɣ ahisk aynayan.
English: Major advances in tissue culture and plant cellular mechanisms for a wide range of plants has originated from systems developed in tobacco.
Tamasheq: Awa dazaran dǎɣ ukuy dǎɣ əmik wan sigyak ən nalam əd mililiyan ən əelluletan ən hiskan fal ahuruwan lefe ən hiškan aqalnen adigmadan dǎɣ əmikan wi təwadnen fal taba.
English: Another major model organism relevant to genetic engineering is Arabidopsis thaliana.
Tamasheq: Arabidopsis thaliana eqal iyan taɣisa nəmik ifan fal génie génétique.
English: In research, plants are engineered to help discover the functions of certain genes.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ umaɣ, ihiškan aqalan amutayan fal tilalt nahanay ən əšiɣilan ən iyad gènetan.
English: Unlike mutagenisis, genetic engineering allows targeted removal without disrupting other genes in the organism.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ animašrayan ye mutagène, génie wan génétique itagu ukis ən nawa atiwamaɣan dǎɣ iba nəsimutiy niyad gènetan ən taɣisa.
English: Other strategies include attaching the gene to a strong promoter and see what happens when it is overexpressed, forcing a gene to be expressed in a different location or at different developmental stages.
Tamasheq: Iyad əmikan atagan uɣin ən gene wa isaknen aśohen əd agaraw nawa itikiyan agud wadeqal aytamagradan, asuhušil ən gène ye adiqil adizgaran dǎɣ edag ibdan meɣ dǎɣ dagan ən təmotayen abdanen.
English: The first genetically modified ornamentals commercialized altered color.
Tamasheq: Widazarnen ihiškan ən dalagan amosnen amutayan dǎɣ mašanšan aqalnen dǎɣ ini amutayan.
English: Other genetically modified ornamentals include Chrysanthemum and Petunia.
Tamasheq: Iyad ihiškan idlzgnen amosnen amutayan ilan Chrysanthème əd pétunia.
English: The papaya ringspot virus devastated papaya trees in Hawaii in the twentieth century until transgenic papaya plants were given pathogen-derived resistance.
Tamasheq: Virus wa nəšiɣil namsuɣil wan papaye okay papayertan wən Hawaï dǎɣ 20e temede nawatay hawendǎɣ har papayertan transgénique igrawan aśahat ədizgaran pathogène.
English: The second generation of crops aimed to improve the quality, often by altering the nutrient profile.
Tamasheq: Ta sanatat tagat ən sigyak tika asimutiy nahusken, agudiyan dǎɣ asimutiy ən profil wan šiška.
English: GM crops contribute by improving harvests through reducing insect pressure, increasing nutrient value and tolerating different abiotic stresses.
Tamasheq: Isigyak wi amosnen amutayan tagašan aśiwid ən nuluyan dǎɣ afanaz ən naśahat ən ɣišiširan, dǎɣ aśiwiɗ ən tuhusay ən ašaško əd dǎɣ tayawt ən haditan naƭkir ən abiotique .
English: The majority of GM crops have been modified to be resistant to selected herbicides, usually a glyphosate or glufosinate based one.
Tamasheq: Ajit ən sigyak amosnen amutayan aqalan amutayan fal adiqilan aśohen ye iyad herbicidetan, atamosnen dǎɣ santo ən glyphosate meɣ glufosinate.
English: A few use the genes that encode for vegetative insecticidal proteins.
Tamasheq: Hărat n mu-arǝs tan aqqăl -nen kod I proteyǝn tan naqqin-en xăšar n ahǝšk.
English: Less than one percent of GM crops contained other traits, which include providing virus resistance, delaying senescence and altering the plants composition.
Tamasheq: Awinan iwed iyandǎɣ fal temede ən sigyak amosnen amutayan ahantan iyad əmikan, atamosan tungit ən virustan, tahagit ən sénesəenəe əd tamotayt tan tartit ən hiškan.
English: Plants and plant cells have been genetically engineered for production of biopharmaceuticals in bioreactors, a process known as pharming.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ hiškan əd dǎɣ əelluletan ən hiškan aqalnat amosant amutayan fal igitan ən lalan ən biopharmaceutique dǎɣ bioreacteurtan, igi atiwazayan fal əsim wan “pharming”.
English: Many drugs also contain natural plant ingredients and the pathways that lead to their production have been genetically altered or transferred to other plant species to produce greater volume.
Tamasheq: Timaɣwanen ajotnen ahanatanat intanatedǎɣ haratan ən hiškan imanasan əd tabaraten tə tan tiwiynen əs igitan aqalnat amosnen amutayan meɣ atwasawayan ye iyad badan ən hiškan fal igi ən amaqaran volume.
English: They also pose less risk of being contaminated.
Tamasheq: Saknen intanedǎɣ ayfnazan dǎɣ aśibab nuɣil ən asimilse.
English: Vaccines are expensive to produce, transport, and administer, so having a system that could produce them locally would allow greater access to poorer and developing areas.
Tamasheq: Inuzmay aqalan aśohen dǎɣ igi, ən alangi əd asikin, dǎɣ əmik nalmaɣnatan adoben igi nasan dǎɣ hinan adilalan ye ugiš ahusken dǎɣ kalan wi ogarnen aliqiw əd dǎɣ təwaɗen..
English: Being stored in plants reduces the long-term cost as they can be disseminated without the need for cold storage, don't need to be purified, and have long term stability.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ uɣil natawar dǎɣ hiškan afanaz asuk dǎɣ tahagit falas adoben adiqilan amišaršaran dǎɣ iba nagaraw ən tarha nuɣil natawar dǎɣ təsimde, waraqelan ayerhan adiqil aridan əd adikatnen dǎɣ tahagit.
English: As of 2018 only three genetically modified animals have been approved, all in the USA.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ 2018, karad rizegan ɣas amosnen amutayan aqalan atiwasaknan, dak dǎɣ États-Unis.
English: Canada: Brainwaving The first transgenic mammals were produced by injecting viral DNA into embryos and then implanting the embryos in females.
Tamasheq: Canada : Remue-ménage wi dazarnen sankasnen transgénique aqalan aygan dǎɣ tedek tan ADN viral dǎɣ embryontan, darat awen dǎɣ asiqt ən embryontan wən dǎɣ ɗeɗen.
English: The development of the CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system as a cheap and fast way of directly modifying germ cells, effectively halving the amount of time needed to develop genetically modified mammals.
Tamasheq: Təwaƭ tan əmik ən salan wi gènetan CRISPR-Cas9 eqal embryon alil irmadan əd hebu ahusken ye asimutiy agudendǎɣ ən əelluletan germinales, awa ifnazan tizune ən nalwaq infan dǎɣ təwaɗen ən wisakasnen amosnen amutayan.
English: Genetically modified mice have been the most common mammals used in biomedical research, as they are cheap and easy to manipulate.
Tamasheq: Ikaran wi amosnen amutayan aqalan wi sankasnen wi ogarnen amitkil harkuk dǎɣ umaɣ wan biomédiəal, falas aqalnat hebu ahusken əd raqis dǎɣ aɗes.
English: In 2009, scientists announced that they had successfully transferred a gene into a primate species (marmosets) for the first time.
Tamasheq: Dǎɣ 2009, əmusanan inan as igrawan as sisiwiyan ən gène dǎɣ terwe tan ɗrimate (ouistiti) fal ehandag wazaran.
English: Stable expression has been accomplished in sheep, pigs, rats and other animals.
Tamasheq: Əsalan adikatnen aqalan atiwagan ɣur təhaten, iɣurɣurutan, ikaran əd iyad irizegan
English: Human alpha-1-antitrypsin is another protein that has been produced from goats and is used in treating humans with this deficiency.
Tamasheq: Alpha-1-antitrypsine nadinat eqal iyan protéine eqalan atwagrawan ɣur uli əd eqalan adakal fal asisifir ye adinat ofraynen ye təsine ten.
English: Pig lungs from genetically modified pigs are being considered for transplantation into humans.
Tamasheq: Sinhigin ən atwusidumu ɣur awadəm ye taruten tən aɣurɣuru amosan amutayan.
English: Animals have been engineered to grow faster, be healthier and resist diseases.
Tamasheq: IIrizeganaqalan amutayan fal adimɣaran dǎɣ šik, eqalan aśoɣen əd inugiy ye turhinawen.
English: A GM pig called Enviropig was created with the capability of digesting plant phosphorus more efficiently than conventional pigs.
Tamasheq: Aɣurɣuru amosan amutayan sitawana Enviropig eqal aygan dər ən aśahat wa asisikiy ən phosphore wan hiškan ogaran aśuhu ye iɣurɣurutan atiwakasnen.
English: This could potentially benefit mothers who cannot produce breast milk but want their children to have breast milk rather than formula.
Tamasheq: Awen adobat śaśahat arilan ye təmarawen tiwinan adobat ihuk naɣ nasnat mašan winan erha as aratan adigruwan aɣ wanasnat ye aɣ wa atiwagan.
English: There have been suggestions that genetic engineering could be used to bring animals back from extinction.
Tamasheq: Eqal atiwasanahagan as génie génétique adobat adiqil amitkalan fal asuɣil ən rizegan wi amikatnen.
English: It has been used to treat genetic disorders such as severe combined immunodeficiency, and Leber's congenital amaurosis.
Tamasheq: Eqal amitkalan fal asisifir ən tilawen génétique amosnen immunodefiəienəe ertayan śaśahat əd amaurose əongénital tan Leber.
English: Germline gene therapy results in any change being inheritable, which has raised concerns within the scientific community.
Tamasheq: Thérapie génique atila dǎɣ qašadan as təmotayen dak taqal aditiwagazan, awa igan iba našak dǎɣ amas ən təmite tan təmusne.
English: Aquaculture is a growing industry, currently providing over half the consumed fish worldwide.
Tamasheq: Agayak eqal usine nalwaq wan təwaƭ, ihakan amaradǎɣ ogaran təzune tan manan amiškanen dǎɣ aduniyat.
English: Several groups have been developing zebrafish to detect pollution by attaching fluorescent proteins to genes activated by the presence of pollutants.
Tamasheq: Tartiten ajotnen asewadan imanan wi damblaɣatan fal agaraw ən pollution dǎɣ eqanan protéinetan fluorescente dǎɣ ašiɣalnen fal tajayhit ən polluantan.
English: It was originally developed by one of the groups to detect pollution, but is now part of the ornamental fish trade, becoming the first genetically modified animal to become publicly available as a pet when in 2003 it was introduced for sale in the USA.
Tamasheq: Təwaƭ tan santo fal iyan dǎɣ tartiten fal agaraw ən ɗollution, itagu amara ayhan ašiš wan manan wi dalagan, eqalan wadazaran awadǎɣ amosan amutayan adiqilan agrawan adinat dak sund awadǎɣ ən tidawt ugud wa tiga dǎɣ ašinš dǎɣ États-Unis dǎɣ 2003.
English: Zebrafish are model organisms for developmental processes, regeneration, genetics, behaviour, disease mechanisms and toxicity testing.
Tamasheq: Eman wa dabalɣa eqal taɣisa fal igitan ən təwadnen, ye asimutiyan, génétique, talɣa, əmikan wi ɗathologique əd urum wan toxicité.
English: GM fish have been developed with promoters driving an over-production of growth hormone for use in the aquaculture industry to increase the speed of development and potentially reduce fishing pressure on wild stocks.
Tamasheq: Imanan amosnen amutayan aqalnen awidan dər wi saknanen taganen təwadnen ən hormone tan asiwiɗ fal atiqil amitkalan dǎɣ usine wan aquaəulture fal asiwiɗ ən aśahat wan təwaƭ əd amosan ayfanaz aśahat wan ukis ən manan fal tidawen ən kal aroge.