Tamazight-NLP/NLLB-Seed_Tamasheq-Latin-Script huggingface dataset:
English: Tour guides will also demonstrate a unique the acoustical effect at Chichen Itza: a handclap before the in front of the staircase the El Castillo pyramid will produce by an echo that resembles the chirp of a bird, similar to that of the quetzal as investigated by Declercq.
Tamasheq: Əmizaran wən musukal tagan intanedaɣ əsiknitan ən harat wa səmutuyan ɣas daɣ Chichen Itza: tiwit nəfus dat asakankin wan śolo ən El Castillo itakasəd aytanalasan olahan əd maslan ən nigdat, olahnen əd sund wən quetzal atwaɣran əs Declercq.
English: INAH, which manages the site, has closed a number of monuments to public access.
Tamasheq: INAH, inayan edag, ihar idagan iyad ajotnen ihnan ye adinat.
English: Originally a project of real estate developer and former New York State Senator William H. Reynolds, the building was constructed by Walter Chrysler, the head of the Chrysler Corporation.
Tamasheq: Daɣ santo ən dawla tan mahakan ən hinan əd waruwan anamokal wan État wan New York William H. Reynolds, ehan atekanan Walter Chrysler, anamokal wan Chrysler Corporation.
English: An annex was completed in 1952, and the building was sold by the Chrysler family the next year, with numerous subsequent owners.
Tamasheq: Tasanatat adaɣ təminda 1952, əd ehan eqal ayšan fal terwe tan Chrysler awatay way əlkaman, dər misawsan ən harat iyad ajotnen.
English: The era was characterized by profound social and technological changes.
Tamasheq: Alwaq ila əmikan ən təmotayen əlmaznen ən tərtit əd timusnawen.
English: The following year, Chrysler was named Time magazine's "Person of the Year".
Tamasheq: "Awatay wadimalan, Chrysler eqal wa əgmadan daɣ magazine Time sund "awadəm wan awatay".
English: Following the end of World War I, European and American architects came to see simplified design as the epitome of the modern era and Art Deco skyscrapers as symbolizing progress, innovation, and modernity.
Tamasheq: Darat samando wan Wazaran Akinas ən Kalan dak, əmusanan ən euroɗéentan əd ameriəaintan aqalan adosan ye arigin amukas wa sirɣasan sund asugbaran alwaq wan təmusnawen əd makradan-ən šinawan Art Deco sund ašikel wan ikinəsdat, təmotayen əd təmusnawen.
English: Prior to his involvement in planning the building, Reynolds was best known for developing Coney Island's Dreamland amusement park.
Tamasheq: Dat ugiš ən adabaratan wən nahan, Reynolds eqal intadaɣ atiwazayan ye igi ən ƭəwat ən tədmir tan narakab ən Dreamland wan Coney Island.
English: In 1927, after several years of delays, Reynolds hired the architect William Van Alen to design a forty-story building there.
Tamasheq: Daɣ 1927, darat elan ajotnen ən tahagit, Reynolds ina ye amusan William Van Alen fal igi śolo ən əkozat təmirwen nahan.
English: Van Alen and Severance complemented each other, with Van Alen being an original, imaginative architect and Severance being a shrewd businessperson who handled the firm's finances.
Tamasheq: Van Alen əd Severance tənmilalan, Van Alen eqal amusan atiwazayan izar isamakta əd Seɣeranəe ahalis ən adabaratan Oɣadnen anihad ye azrif wan dawla.
English: The proposal was changed again two weeks later, with official plans for a 63-story building.
Tamasheq: Təna taqal amutayan daɣ tiyniye daɣ əsin əsatan darat awa, adabaratan hanaynen hena ən 63-ihinan.
English: The adjacent 56-story Chanin Building was also under construction.
Tamasheq: Chanin Buinding ohazan wan 56 ihinan eqal intadaɣ daɣ təmuqunt.
English: These plans were approved in June 1928.
Tamasheq: Adabaratan adaɣ atwasaknan daɣ juin 1928.
English: He instead devised an alternate design for the Reynolds Building, which was published in August 1928.
Tamasheq: Daɣ edag, iga dawla iyat fal ye Reynolds Building, eqalan adizgaran daɣ août 1928.
English: A contract was awarded on October 28, and demolition was completed on November 9.
Tamasheq: Tanmirdaw taqal atwafan daɣ 28 Octobre, əd teraze adaɣ təminda 9 novembre.
English: From late 1928 to early 1929, modifications to the design of the dome continued.
Tamasheq: Daɣ samando nawatay wan 1928 daɣ santo nawatay 1929, təmotayen ən əmik wan dome anilkanen.
English: Lower down, the design was affected by Walter Chrysler's intention to make the building the Chrysler Corporation's headquarters, and as such, various architectural details were modeled after Chrysler automobile products, such as the hood ornaments of the Plymouth (see ).
Tamasheq: Daɣ ider, tanminak taqal atwawayan fal aniyat wan Walter Chrysler ye igi nahan wan tidawt ən Chrysler Corporation, əd əsim wen, ajotnen timotayen daɣ təmuqunen aqalnat amutayan daɣ lalan nuɣin wən Chrysler, sund ədalagan wən atiwadgalnen ye Plymouth (ənhiy).
English: Construction of the building proper began on January 21, 1929.
Tamasheq: Təmuqunt tan ehan sitawan əs tidit adaɣ tənta 21 janvier 1929.
English: Despite a frantic steelwork construction pace of about four floors per week, no workers died during the construction of the skyscraper's steelwork.
Tamasheq: Mašan daɣ əmik ən tebade ən təmuqunt tan tartit ən tizoliyawinen iwadnen ikoz hinan daɣ əsa haɗan, wala iyan emašaɣal wartaba daɣ ugud wan təmuqunt ta tartit tan tizoliyawinen tən akirkir-ən šinawan.
English: 40 Wall Street and the Chrysler Building started competing for the distinction of "world's tallest building".
Tamasheq: "40 ən Wall Street əd Chrysler Building adaɣ əsintanat magrad fal təbiɗawt ən ""nehan wa ogaran təmɣire daɣ aduniyat"".
English: On October 23, 1929, one week after surpassing the Woolworth Building's height and one day before the catastrophic Wall Street Crash of 1929 started, the spire was assembled.
Tamasheq: Daɣ 23 oətobre 1929, əsa haɗan darat ukuy ən tebade tan Woolworth Building əd ašal iyan dat santo nasuɣsid naɣašad wan Wall Street wan 1929, amor eqal ayertayan.
English: Even the New York Herald Tribune, which had virtually continuous coverage of the tower's construction, did not report on the spire's installation until days after the spire had been raised.
Tamasheq: New York Herald Tribune emanes, waygan tašart səšwar ika əsdat ən təmuqunt tan aɣalay, əsan daɣ igi wan amor əs harat ən haɗan darat təwaƭ ənes.
English: In the lobby of the building, a bronze plaque that read "in recognition of Mr. Chrysler's contribution to civic advancement" was unveiled.
Tamasheq: Daɣ hall wan śolo, taswiƭ tan boko iwar əmik "daɣ təmuzye ən təmuqunt tan M.Chrysler daɣ iki nəsdat ən tartit"eqal atwanan.
English: The Chrysler Building was appraised at $14 million, but was exempt from city taxes per an 1859 law that gave tax exemptions to sites owned by the Cooper Union.
Tamasheq: Chrysler Building eqal awiɗan əs 14 milliontan ən dollars, mašan eqal asiknan lamɗo nəɣrm ye asuhusku nəširiɣa wan 1859 erdan adisifil lamɗo ye dagan əlan Cooper Union.
English: Van Alen's satisfaction at these accomplishments was likely muted by Walter Chrysler's later refusal to pay the balance of his architectural fee.
Tamasheq: Tigidaht tan Van Alen fal igitanes ən nəsibaban eqal aygmad aśahat fal tungit daɣ afala ən Walter Chrysler ya dizil hadi nalwaq nəšiɣil ənes.
English: However, the lawsuit against Chrysler markedly diminished Van Alen's reputation as an architect, which, along with the effects of the Great Depression and negative criticism, ended up ruining his career.
Tamasheq: Agudendaɣ, aširiɣa aśohen wan Chrysler asinta sa oɣadan nanmaɣna wan Van Alen as eqal emašaɣal, mamos, dər lalan wən Tamaqarat Tamagrizt əd təzmiten əjarnen, asmanda daɣ aɣašad nəšiɣil ənes.
English: In 1944, the corporation filed plans to build a 38-story annex to the east of the building, at 666 Third Avenue.
Tamasheq: Daɣ 1944, tartit təsinsa adabaratan fal uɣin ən wa səsin ən 38 ihinan daɣ alqiblat ən nahan, daɣ 666 ən waskarad tadabayt.
English: The stone for the original building was no longer manufactured, and had to be specially replicated.
Tamasheq: Tahun tan ehan wan santo əbas taqal aytawagen.Tahun tan ehan wan santo əbas taqal aytawagen.
English: The family sold the building in 1953 to William Zeckendorf for its assessed price of $18 million.
Tamasheq: Terwe təšinšahid ehanes daɣ 1953 ye William Zeəkendort fal alhak awiɗan əs 18 milliontan ən dollars.
English: At the time, it was reported to be the largest real estate sale in New York City's history.
Tamasheq: Daɣ ehanin, amos wa ogaran təmɣire nəsuk ən təmuqunen daɣ awa dokayan daɣ əɣrim wan New York.
English: In 1961, the building's stainless steel elements, including the needle, crown, gargoyles, and entrance doors, were polished for the first time.
Tamasheq: Daɣ 1961, haratan wən tazoli wad təgiš tenek ən nahan, atamosan talaq, takumbut, imawan əd əšar wi nugiš, aqalan ayknan daɣ tihusay daɣ ehandag wan santo.
English: The company purchased the building for $35 million.
Tamasheq: Tədawt təšinša ehan ən 35 milliontan ən dollars.
English: The spire underwent a restoration that was completed in 1995.
Tamasheq: Amor igraw ikanan əmindanen daɣ 1995.
English: The cleaning received the New York Landmarks Conservancy's Lucy G. Moses Preservation Award for 1997.
Tamasheq: Ifaraɗan igrawan Luəy G. Moses Ɗreserɣation Award wan New York Landmartks Conservancy daɣ 1997.
English: In June 2008, it was reported that the Abu Dhabi Investment Council was in negotiations to buy TMW's 75% economic interest, a 15% interest from Tishman Speyer Properties in the building, and a share of the Trylons retail structure next door for US$800 million.
Tamasheq: Daɣ juin 2008, eqal agrawan as Əonseil wan tədhilen tən Abu Dhabi eqal daɣ təmdal fal adišanšu tadhil tan tewaden ən 75% wan TMW, tadhil ən 15% ən Tišman Sɗeyer Ɗroɗerties daɣ ehan, əd edagar wan tənmitaft tan ašinše daɣ baɗan en Trylons daɣ dedes ən 800 milliontan ən dollars US.
English: This resulted in a 21% decrease in the building's total energy consumption, a 64% decrease in water consumption, and an 81% rate of waste being recycled.
Tamasheq: Awen alil yaɣašad ən 21% nadakal dak naśahat wan ehan, wan 64% ən nadakal naman əd 81% hadi wan nəsimusuɣil ninikalan.
English: The Ethics of Philosophical Practice."
Tamasheq: ""Magrad wan igi ən nuzguman"".
English: """Philosophy is rationally critical thinking, of a more or less systematic kind about the general nature of the world (metaphysics or theory of existence), the justification of belief (epistemology or theory of knowledge), and the conduct of life (ethics or theory of value)."
Tamasheq: """Əmigridan aqalan anuzgum oɣadan daɣ tizmit, daɣ almaɣna ogaran meɣ madriy daɣ əmik ninitan fal akal nalmaxna aduniyat (ənizgam meɣ almaɣna wan təmudre), asidutu ən alɣibadat (almaɣnatan meɣ əmik wan temuzut), əd asisiɣid ən tamudre (magrad meɣ əmik wan aƭiqal)."""
English: Metaphysics replaces the unargued assumptions embodied in such a conception with a rational and organized body of beliefs about the world as a whole.
Tamasheq: Daɣ awa ətawanhayan iha edag ən maɣulan ən məgridan ahanen daɣ afahamat ən taɣisa nigi nadabara əd almaɣna ən asidawnen ye alɣibadat daɣ aduniyat daɣ tartit ənes.
English: In the 19th century, the growth of modern research universities led academic philosophy and other disciplines to professionalize and specialize.
Tamasheq: Daɣ 19e temede nawatay, ƭiwaƭ ən uniɣersitetan daɣ umaɣawan amutaynen ye təzart ən magrand ən maɣran əd iyad əmikan wi ogarnen təmusne əd dazaway ənes.
English: In Against the Logicians the Pyrrhonist philosopher Sextus Empiricus detailed the variety of ways in which the ancient Greek philosophers had divided philosophy, noting that this three-part division was agreed to by Plato, Aristotle, Xenocrates, and the Stoics.
Tamasheq: Daɣ alkitaban nes ‘Against the Logicians, enamegrid ɗyrrhoniste Sextus Empiricus iktab təzunawen ən təbiɗawen ən əmikan wəs ənamagradan wən Grèəe tan nuru abdan əmigridan, atamosan tazune tendaɣ daɣ karadat təzunawen taqal ayerdan əs Platon, Aristote, Xénocrate əd stoïcientan.
English: Other ancient philosophical traditions influenced by Socrates included Cynicism, Cyrenaicism, Stoicism, and Academic Skepticism.
Tamasheq: Daɣ atwigaz niyad ən məgridan arunen sədgal Socrate, nanahet əynisme, əyrénaïcisme, stoïcisme əd scepticisme ən təmusnawen.
English: Some key Medieval thinkers include St. Augustine, Thomas Aquinas, Boethius, Anselm and Roger Bacon.
Tamasheq: Daɣ wi dazarnen kal nuzguman wən nahanin ihen Saint Augustin, Thomas wan Aquin, Boèce, Anselme əd Roger Bocon.
English: Major modern philosophers include Spinoza, Leibniz, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, and Kant.
Tamasheq: Wi dazarnen ənamegridan ən musanan aqalan Spinoza, Leibniz, Locke, Berkeley, Hume əd Kant.
English: Babylonian astronomy also included much philosophical speculations about cosmology which may have influenced the Ancient Greeks.
Tamasheq: Emaɣar wan etran əd šinawan babylonien ila intadaɣ inuzgam ajotnen daɣ məgridan fal taɣare tan zaleɣat təšalalat Grectan wi arunen.
English: Later Jewish philosophy came under strong Western intellectual influences and includes the works of Moses Mendelssohn who ushered in the Haskalah (the Jewish Enlightenment), Jewish existentialism, and Reform Judaism.
Tamasheq: Agudiyan, əmigridan wən juiɣetan təgraw əšilelan ən təmusne ajotnen ən nagadal ən tafuk əd təla əšiɣilan wən Moses Mendelssohn, wa atwazayan əs Haskalah (tanure tan juiɣetan), təmuduren tən juiftan əd judaïsme atiwasamatayan.
English: Islamic philosophy is the philosophical work originating in the Islamic tradition and is mostly done in Arabic.
Tamasheq: Əmigridan wən anislam eqal əšiɣil ən magrad ədifalan awa ditəwagazan daɣ anislam əd igan intadaɣ daɣ tarab.
English: Early Islamic philosophy developed the Greek philosophical traditions in new innovative directions.
Tamasheq: Əmigridan nanislam aruwan daɣ ƭəwaƭ tan atwigaz ən məgridan wən greəquetan daɣ salan agudendaɣ ən təmotayen.
English: The work of Aristotle was very influential among philosophers such as Al-Kindi (9th century), Avicenna (980 – June 1037) and Averroes (12th century).
Tamasheq: Əšiɣilan wən Aristote agrawan ašalalat maqaran fal nəmigridan atamosnen Al-Kindi (9e temede nawatay), Aɣiəienne (980 – juin 1037) əd Aɣerroès (12e temede nawatay).
English: Ibn Khaldun was an influential thinker in philosophy of history.
Tamasheq: Ibn Khaldoun eqal azanazgam ašlalan daɣ əmik wan məgridan ən tənfas.
English: Indian philosophical traditions share various key concepts and ideas, which are defined in different ways and accepted or rejected by the different traditions.
Tamasheq: Ətwigazan wən məgridan nindientan tuzan nəniyatan əd nuzguman ətbatnen, aqalnen atiwazay əs təbiɗawen əmikan əd təriɗaw meɣ tungit fal təbiɗawen ən natwigazan.
English: Indian philosophy is commonly grouped based on their relationship to the Vedas and the ideas contained in them.
Tamasheq: Əmigridan wən indientan aqalan amosan ayertayan daɣ təbiɗawt əmikan dər Vedas əd nuzguman ətanahanen.
English: The schools which align themselves with the thought of the Upanishads, the so-called "orthodox" or "Hindu" traditions, are often classified into six darśanas or philosophies:Sānkhya, Yoga, Nyāya, Vaisheshika, Mimāmsā and Vedānta.
Tamasheq: Liəoytan tə amitartarnen fal anuzgum wan Upanišads, ətwigazan wi sitawana "orthodoxes" meɣ "hindoues", aqalan agudiyan akitlen daɣ saɗis darśanas meɣ əmigridan wən Sãnkhya Yoga, Nyãya, Vaišešika, Mimãmsã əd Vedãnta.
English: They also reflect a tolerance for a diversity of philosophical interpretations within Hinduism while sharing the same foundation.
Tamasheq: Asimalaylay intadaɣ alɣafiyat daɣ ajen ətibiɗawen ən məgridan daɣ amas ən hindouisme dak daɣ tuzant ən winindaɣ santo.
English: There are also other schools of thought which are often seen as "Hindu", though not necessarily orthodox (since they may accept different scriptures as normative, such as the Shaiva Agamas and Tantras), these include different schools of Shavism such as Pashupata, Shaiva Siddhanta, non-dual tantric Shavism (i.e. Trika, Kaula, etc.).
Tamasheq: Ilanti deqanen iyad liəoytan ən nuzguman aqalnen agudiyan atiwagan sund "indouistes", ahuskat as waraqelnat ayfan orthodoxes (falas adobatnat təriɗaw tan hadi ən kitban sund oɣadan, atamosan Agamas əd Trantras šiɣa), awen atihan hadi liəoytan tən šaɣisme atamosnen Pašuɗata, Shaiva Siddhanta, Shavisme tantrique winan eqel əsin (atamosan Trika, Kaula, iyaɗ).
English: The denial that a human being possesses a "self" or "soul" is probably the most famous Buddhist teaching.
Tamasheq: Tina tan fal agudiya ila "ənes" meɣ "tele" eqal amosan asiɣir ən bouddhiste wa ogaran aśuhu.
English: Jain philosophy is one of the only two surviving "unorthodox" traditions (along with Buddhism).
Tamasheq: Əmigridan wən jaïntan eqal iyan daɣ wənisin atwigazan ɣas "winan eqel orthodoxes" ilkamnen (dər bouddhiste).
English: Jain thought holds that all existence is cyclic, eternal and uncreated.
Tamasheq: Anuzgum wan jaïntan idgal as tamudre dak taqal aytanalasan, harkuk əd winan tiwugu.
English: In these regions, Buddhist thought developed into different philosophical traditions which used various languages (like Tibetan, Chinese and Pali).
Tamasheq: Daɣ kalan iyad, anəzgum wan bouddhistan agət daɣ gar təwsaten tiyətawen dakəlnen timuəhax agətnen ( sund tibétain, taəhinuat ad ɗali).
English: The philosophy of the Theravada school is dominant in Southeast Asian countries like Sri Lanka, Burma and Thailand.
Tamasheq: Tayəte tan liəoy Theravada togər dax kalan win Asie tan eməynag-alqiblat sund Sri Lanka, Birmanie ad Thaïlande.
English: After the death of the Buddha, various groups began to systematize his main teachings, eventually developing comprehensive philosophical systems termed Abhidharma.
Tamasheq: Darat tamətan ən Boudha, gruɗtan agətnen assəntan asəmədəw təmusnawen ti azarnen,ye asgət imdan ye amərty ən tiyətawen imdanen əs itwəni Abhidharma.
English: There were numerous schools, sub-schools, and traditions of Buddhist philosophy in ancient and medieval India.
Tamasheq: Ilanət liəoyten agotnen, daw liəoyten ad təwsaten ən tayəte tan Kurdistan dax Inde tatəruwat ad médiévale.
English: These philosophical traditions developed metaphysical, political and ethical theories such Tao, Yin and yang, Ren and Li.
Tamasheq: Tiwsaten tin tayəte asgətan timkarawen en timusnawen,fulatik ad timogiten sund Tao,Yin ad Yang, Ren ad Li.
English: Neo-Confucianism came to dominate the education system during the Song dynasty (960–1297), and its ideas served as the philosophical basis of the imperial exams for the scholar official class.
Tamasheq: Tinayt tan təmənda əs almaxna wan təxare agud wan alxayal ən Song ( 960-1297),izar tənaten alilnat ider ən məgrədan gor iruman ishəmnen ən taxašamt tan kal musənan naxaqum.
English: During later Chinese dynasties like the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) as well as in the Korean Joseon dynasty (1392–1897) a resurgent Neo-Confucianism led by thinkers such as Wang Yangming (1472–1529) became the dominant school of thought, and was promoted by the imperial state.
Tamasheq: Gor terwe win əhinuatan tad-dimalat sund terwe tan Ming (1368-1644)ad terwe tan əoréentan Joseon (1392-1897),un néo-konfusianisme izgaranid, animawalnen əs wi zinuzgumitnen sund Wang Yangming (1472-1529), eqal likoy tan anuzgum wa ogaran izar asorda fal akal wa ogaran.
English: In the Modern era, Chinese thinkers incorporated ideas from Western philosophy.
Tamasheq: Gor azaman wan ishray, izinuzgam win əhinoitan igashan inuzgam win magrad wan kal egadal ən tafuk.
English: For example, New Confucianism, led by figures such as Xiong Shili, has become quite influential.
Tamasheq: Gor sund,tinya tan konfusianisme,as anehadan adinat sund Xiong Shili, eqalid ayknan Adgul.
English: Another trend in modern Japanese philosophy was the "National Studies" (Kokugaku) tradition.
Tamasheq: "Assuhu iyan ən imagridan win jaɗon aynayan eqal tigozst tan "teqarawen nikalan"" ( Kokugaku).(Kokugaku)tigozst ".
English: During the 17th century, Ethiopian philosophy developed a robust literary tradition as exemplified by Zera Yacob.
Tamasheq: Ɣor 17e temede nawatay, magrad wan Ethiopie asimɣar ən tigozst nikaban tasohet,sund azuzi Zera Yaəob.
English: Another feature of the indigenous American worldviews was their extension of ethics to non-human animals and plants.
Tamasheq: Ebadi iyan ən hanayan nadunya imuzaɣan win amerique aqalan afataɣ ən magrad ye mudaran ad ihishkan waren eqel adinat.
English: The theory of Teotl can be seen as a form of Pantheism.
Tamasheq: Tamusne tan Teotl tadobat ataqil sund iri wan panthéisme.
English: Nevertheless, U.S. Department of Education reports from the 1990s indicate that few women ended up in philosophy, and that philosophy is one of the least gender-proportionate fields in the humanities, with women making up somewhere between 17% and 30% of philosophy faculty according to some studies.
Tamasheq: Awendak, isalan win edag wan ameriəaintan ən teɣare tan elan win 1990 asiknanen as andaran daɣ deden hanat magradan,izar magradan akalan taberat tan timusnawen nadinat diha ad ajit ən ɗeɗen tifnaz hulen, ɗeɗen tiwaɗnen jar 17% ad 30% ən imasaɣar ən magrad ɣur teɣarawen tiyaɗ.
English: See also "Characteristics and Attitudes of Instructional Faculty and Staff in the Humanities."
Tamasheq:  Anhiy harwa"talɣiwen ad talɣa tan imasaɣra ad adinat daɣ aduniat."
English: Its primary investigations include how to live a good life and identifying standards of morality.
Tamasheq: Umaɣawan maqornen ilant fal əmik agay ən tamudre tahusket ad uziy ye tidit ən magrad.
English: Epistemologists examine putative sources of knowledge, including perceptual experience, reason, memory, and testimony.
Tamasheq: Epistologues kayadan idagan atiwazaynen ye tamusne, daɣ tiha musnat tatiwagrawat,tidit, takitawt ad taguhe.
English: It arose early in Pre-Socratic philosophy and became formalized with Pyrrho, the founder of the earliest Western school of philosophical skepticism.
Tamasheq: Tizgarid shik daɣ migridan win dat Soərate izar tatwazay ad Ɗyrrho,amizar ən liəoy tazarat tan egaɗel ən tafuk ye ashabag ən magradan.
English: Empiricism places emphasis on observational evidence via sensory experience as the source of knowledge.
Tamasheq: Musnat tibdad fal tidit nahanay fal musnat niman sund edag ye tamusne.
English: Rationalism is associated with a priori knowledge, which is independent of experience (such as logic and mathematics).
Tamasheq: Tidit tartay ad tamusne daɣ tizart,tasinaflayat ye tamusne ( sund tidit ad eɗanan).
English: Metaphysics includes cosmology, the study of the world in its entirety and ontology, the study of being.
Tamasheq: Métaphysique təla kosmologie almud nadunya dak ad ontologie, almud ən mudaran.
English: Essence is the set of attributes that make an object what it fundamentally is and without which it loses its identity while accident is a property that the object has, without which the object can still retain its identity.
Tamasheq: Mənhuy tidawt ən ihuk win taganen daɣ harat awa eqal səde əntaneɗ asba muzyat ɣor egaɗal eqal takrišt ta ila harat,tas ənta harat adobat harwa igoz muzyat iness.
English: Because sound reasoning is an essential element of all sciences, social sciences and humanities disciplines, logic became a formal science.
Tamasheq: Falas magrad wa šadigan eqal harat maqaran ən timusnawen kul,timusnawen ən tartit ad aməkatan nadinat, tidit taqalid tamusne təknat.
English: New York: Oxford University Press.
Tamasheq: New York : Oxford University Press.
English: However, most students of academic philosophy later contribute to law, journalism, religion, sciences, politics, business, or various arts.
Tamasheq: Aguden,ajut ən kal teɣare daɣ magrad ən musanan alilan darat awa ye taberat, ye jornaltan,ye tənəslima,ye timusnawen,ye fulatik, ye haratan meɣ timusnawen agotnen.
English: In analytic philosophy, philosophy of language investigates the nature of language, the relations between language, language users, and the world.
Tamasheq: Daɣ magrad iknan,magrad wan batu eɣra iri ən batu,tartit jar batu, imatkalan ən batu ad adunya.
English: These writers were followed by Ludwig Wittgenstein (Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus), the Vienna Circle as well as the logical positivists, and Willard Van Orman Quine.
Tamasheq: Imanahaɗan atwəlkaman ye Ludwig Wiƭgensƭein (Traətus Logiəo-Ɗhilosoɗhiəus),afaraj wan Ɣienne ad inəflas oɣadnen, ad Williard Van Orman Quine.