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11.5
module tb_delays; reg clk; reg rst; reg d; initial begin // <- Initial construct are evaluated at t = 0. // Here, t = 0. clk = 1'b0; rst = 1'b1; d = 1'b0; #3; // Here, t = 3; rst = 1'b0; #2; // Here, t = 5. d = 1'b1; #2; // Here, t = 7. d = 1'b0; #5; // Here, t = 12. d = 1'b1; #4; $finish(); // <- finishes the simulation end always #2 clk = ~clk; // <- Every 2 units of time, clk is inverted. endmodule
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module top_module ( input clk, input [7:0] in, input reset, // Synchronous reset output done ); // parameter BYTE1 = 0, BYTE2 = 1, BYTE3 = 2, DONE = 3; reg [1:0] cstate, nstate; always @(posedge clk) begin if (reset) begin cstate <= BYTE1; end else begin cstate <= nstate; end end always @(*) begin case (cstate) BYTE1: nstate = in[3] ? BYTE2 : BYTE1; BYTE2: nstate = BYTE3; BYTE3: nstate = DONE; DONE: nstate = in[3] ? BYTE2 : BYTE1; endcase end assign done = (cstate == DONE); endmodule
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module top_module ( input clk, input [7:0] in, output [7:0] anyedge ); reg [7:0] intermediate; always @(posedge clk) begin intermediate <= in; anyedge <= intermediate ^ in; end endmodule
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module top_module ( input [3:0] in, output [2:0] out_both, output [3:1] out_any, output [3:0] out_different ); assign out_both = in[2:0] & in[3:1]; //here bits of input vector is shifted right //and bitwise and is performed to obtain the required output assign out_any = in[3:1] | in[2:0]; assign out_different = in ^ {in[0], in[3:1]}; endmodule
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module approx_fa ( output sum, cout, input x, y, cin ); wire s1, c1, c2; or o1 (s1, x, y); xor x1 (sum, s1, cin); and a1 (cout, s1, cin); endmodule
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module XOR4 ( output f, input a, input b, input c, input d, input e ); assign f = a ^ b ^ c ^ d ^ e; // ^ is the XOR operator endmodule
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module ksa4 ( input [2:0] a, input [2:0] s, input cin, output [3:0] B, output carryout ); wire [3:0] p, g, cp, cg, ccg, ccp, c; //initial processing assign p = a ^ s; assign g = a & s; //production of carry assign cg[0] = (g[0]); assign cp[0] = (p[0]); assign cg[1] = (p[1] & g[0]) | g[1]; assign cp[1] = (p[1] & p[0]); assign cg[2] = (p[2] & g[1]) | g[2]; assign cp[2] = p[2] & p[1]; assign cg[3] = (p[3] & g[2]) | g[3]; assign cp[3] = p[3] & p[2]; assign ccg[0] = cg[0]; assign ccp[0] = cp[0]; assign ccg[1] = cg[1]; assign ccp[1] = cp[1]; assign ccg[2] = (cp[2] & cg[0]) | cg[2]; assign ccp[2] = cp[2] & cp[0]; assign ccg[3] = (cp[3] & cg[1]) | cg[3]; assign ccp[3] = cp[3] & cp[1]; //finall processing assign c = ccg; assign B[0] = p[0] ^ cin; assign B[1] = p[1] ^ c[0]; assign B[2] = p[2] ^ c[1]; assign B[3] = p[3] ^ c[2]; assign carryout = c[3]; endmodule
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module top_module ( input clk, input [7:0] in, output [7:0] anyedge ); reg [7:0] q; always @(posedge clk) begin q <= in; anyedge <= q ^ in; end endmodule
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module top_module ( input clk, input [7:0] in, input reset, // Synchronous reset output [23:0] out_bytes, output done ); // // FSM from fsm_ps2 parameter A = 0, B = 1, C = 2, D = 3; reg [1:0] state, nextstate; reg [23:0] data; // State transition logic (combinational) always @(*) begin case (state) A: nextstate = in[3] ? B : A; B: nextstate = C; C: nextstate = D; D: nextstate = in[3] ? B : A; default: nextstate = 0; endcase end // State flip-flops (sequential) always @(posedge clk) begin if (reset) state <= A; else begin state <= nextstate; end end // Output logic assign done = (state == D); // New: Datapath to store incoming bytes. always @(posedge clk) begin if (reset) data <= 24'b0; else data <= {data[15:8], data[7:0], in}; end assign out_bytes = done ? data : {24{1'bx}}; endmodule
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module top_module ( input [3:0] in, output [2:0] out_both, output [3:1] out_any, output [3:0] out_different ); assign out_both = {in[2] & in[3], in[1] & in[2], in[0] & in[1]}; assign out_any = {in[3] | in[2], in[2] | in[1], in[1] | in[0]}; assign out_different = {in[3] ^ in[0], in[2] ^ in[3], in[1] ^ in[2], in[0] ^ in[1]}; endmodule
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module top_module ( input [4:0] a, b, c, d, e, f, output [7:0] w, x, y, z ); // // assign { ... } = { ... }; assign {w, x, y, z} = {a, b, c, d, e, f, 2'b11}; endmodule
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module top_module ( input a, input b, input c, output out ); // wire out_tmp; assign out = ~out_tmp; andgate inst1 ( out_tmp, a, b, c, 1, 1 ); endmodule
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module top_module ( input a, input b, input c, output out ); // // andgate inst1 ( a, b, c, out ); wire and_out; andgate inst1 ( .out(and_out), .a (a), .b (b), .c (c), .d (1'b1), .e (1'b1) ); assign out = ~and_out; endmodule
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module top_module ( input [1:0] sel, input [7:0] a, input [7:0] b, input [7:0] c, input [7:0] d, output [7:0] out ); // wire [7:0] mux0; wire [7:0] mux1; mux2 u_mux2_1 ( sel[0], a, b, mux0 ); mux2 u_mux2_2 ( sel[0], c, d, mux1 ); mux2 u_mux2_3 ( sel[1], mux0, mux1, out ); endmodule
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module top_module ( input sel, input [7:0] a, input [7:0] b, output [7:0] out ); assign out = sel ? a : b; endmodule
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module top_module ( input [1:0] sel, input [7:0] a, input [7:0] b, input [7:0] c, input [7:0] d, output [7:0] out ); // // wire mux0, mux1; // mux2 mux0 ( sel[0], a, b, mux0 ); // mux2 mux1 ( sel[1], c, d, mux1 ); // mux2 mux2 ( sel[1], mux0, mux1, out ); wire [7:0] mux0, mux1; mux2 mux2_u0 ( sel[0], a, b, mux0 ); mux2 mux2_u1 ( sel[0], c, d, mux1 ); mux2 mux2_u2 ( sel[1], mux0, mux1, out ); endmodule
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module top_module ( input do_sub, input [7:0] a, input [7:0] b, output reg [7:0] out, output reg result_is_zero ); // always @(*) begin case (do_sub) 0: out = a + b; 1: out = a - b; endcase if (out == 0) result_is_zero = 1; else result_is_zero = 0; end endmodule
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module top_module ( input do_sub, input [7:0] a, input [7:0] b, output reg [7:0] out, output reg result_is_zero ); // always @(*) begin case (do_sub) 0: out = a + b; 1: out = a - b; endcase result_is_zero = ~(|out); end endmodule
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module top_module ( input a, input b, input c, output out ); // wire out_temp; andgate inst1 ( .out(out_temp), .a (a), .b (b), .c (c), .d (1'b1), .e (1'b1) ); assign out = ~out_temp; endmodule
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module top_module ( input [7:0] code, output reg [3:0] out, output reg valid ); // always @(*) begin out = 0; valid = 1; case (code) 8'h45: out = 0; 8'h16: out = 1; 8'h1e: out = 2; 8'h26: out = 3; 8'h25: out = 4; 8'h2e: out = 5; 8'h36: out = 6; 8'h3d: out = 7; 8'h3e: out = 8; 8'h46: out = 9; default: valid = 0; endcase end endmodule
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module top_module ( input [7:0] code, output reg [3:0] out, output reg valid ); // always @(*) case (code) 8'h45: begin out = 0; valid = 1; end 8'h16: begin out = 1; valid = 1; end 8'h1e: begin out = 2; valid = 1; end 8'h26: begin out = 3; valid = 1; end 8'h25: begin out = 4; valid = 1; end 8'h2e: begin out = 5; valid = 1; end 8'h36: begin out = 6; valid = 1; end 8'h3d: begin out = 7; valid = 1; end 8'h3e: begin out = 8; valid = 1; end 8'h46: begin out = 9; valid = 1; end default: begin out = 0; valid = 0; end endcase endmodule
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module top_module ( input [1:0] sel, input [7:0] a, input [7:0] b, input [7:0] c, input [7:0] d, output [7:0] out ); // wire [7:0] mux_out_0; wire [7:0] mux_out_1; mux2 mux0 ( sel[1], a, c, mux_out_0 ); mux2 mux1 ( sel[1], b, d, mux_out_1 ); mux2 mux2 ( sel[0], mux_out_0, mux_out_1, out ); endmodule
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module top_module ( input a, input b, output q ); // assign q = a & b; endmodule
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module top_module ( input do_sub, input [7:0] a, input [7:0] b, output reg [7:0] out, output reg result_is_zero ); // always @(*) begin case (do_sub) 1'b0: out = a + b; 1'b1: out = a - b; endcase if (out == 8'b0000_0000) result_is_zero = 1'b1; else result_is_zero = 1'b0; end endmodule
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module top_module ( input a, input b, output q ); // assign q = a & b; endmodule
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module razhas_top_level ( input [7:0] io_in, output [7:0] io_out ); wire w_clk = io_in[0]; wire w_rst = io_in[1]; wire [3:0] w_duty = io_in[5:2]; // selects pwm signal duty cycle: 0% to 100% in increments of 10%. Values of 11-15 treated as 100%. wire [1:0] w_freq = io_in[7:6]; // selects pwm signal frequency: 156.25 Hz, 312.5 Hz, 625 Hz, or 1250 Hz. wire w_pwm; // pwm signal assign io_out = {7'b0000000, w_pwm}; pwm_gen u0 ( .i_clk (w_clk), .i_rst (w_rst), .i_duty(w_duty), .i_freq(w_freq), .o_pwm (w_pwm) ); endmodule
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module top_module ( input a, input b, input c, input d, output q ); // assign q = (a + b + c + d == 0 | a + b + c + d == 2 | a + b + c + d == 4); //you can also try to use Karnaugh map to find the logic. endmodule
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module top_module ( input [7:0] code, output reg [3:0] out, output reg valid ); // always @(*) case (code) 8'h45: begin out = 4'b0000; valid = 1'b1; end 8'h16: begin out = 4'b0001; valid = 1'b1; end 8'h1e: begin out = 4'b0010; valid = 1'b1; end 8'h26: begin out = 4'b0011; valid = 1'b1; end 8'h25: begin out = 4'b0100; valid = 1'b1; end 8'h2e: begin out = 4'b0101; valid = 1'b1; end 8'h36: begin out = 4'b0110; valid = 1'b1; end 8'h3d: begin out = 4'b0111; valid = 1'b1; end 8'h3e: begin out = 4'b1000; valid = 1'b1; end 8'h46: begin out = 4'b1001; valid = 1'b1; end default: begin out = 4'b0000; valid = 1'b0; end endcase endmodule
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module top_module ( input a, input b, input c, input d, output q ); // always @(*) begin case ({ a, b, c, d }) 4'd0: q = 1; 4'd1: q = 0; 4'd2: q = 0; 4'd3: q = 1; 4'd4: q = 0; 4'd5: q = 1; 4'd6: q = 1; 4'd7: q = 0; 4'd8: q = 0; 4'd9: q = 1; 4'd10: q = 1; 4'd11: q = 0; 4'd12: q = 1; 4'd13: q = 0; 4'd14: q = 0; 4'd15: q = 1; endcase end endmodule
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module c_BIN_EDGE_DETECTOR ( input [0:0] in_0, output [0:0] out_0 ); wire net_0 = in_0; wire net_1 = net_0; wire net_2; wire net_3; wire net_4; wire net_5; assign out_0 = net_5; f_K00 LogicGate_0 ( .in_1 (net_0), .in_0 (net_4), .out_0(net_5) ); f_2 LogicGate_1 ( .in_0 (net_1), .out_0(net_2) ); f_2 LogicGate_2 ( .in_0 (net_2), .out_0(net_3) ); f_2 LogicGate_3 ( .in_0 (net_3), .out_0(net_4) ); endmodule
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module c_BIN_NAND_DLATCH ( input [0:0] in_0, input [0:0] in_1, output [0:0] out_0, output [0:0] out_1 ); wire net_0 = in_0; wire net_1 = net_0; wire net_2 = in_1; wire net_3 = net_2; wire net_4; wire net_5; wire net_6; wire net_7; wire net_8; assign out_0 = net_7; assign out_1 = net_8; f_22Z LogicGate_0 ( .in_1 (net_0), .in_0 (net_2), .out_0(net_4) ); f_22Z LogicGate_1 ( .in_1 (net_3), .in_0 (net_6), .out_0(net_5) ); f_2 LogicGate_2 ( .in_0 (net_1), .out_0(net_6) ); c_BIN_NAND_SR_LATCH SavedGate_0 ( .in_0 (net_4), .in_1 (net_5), .out_0(net_7), .out_1(net_8) ); endmodule
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module c_BIN_NAND_SR_LATCH ( input [0:0] in_0, input [0:0] in_1, output [0:0] out_0, output [0:0] out_1 ); wire net_0 = in_0; wire net_1 = in_1; wire net_2; wire net_3; wire net_4 = net_2; wire net_5 = net_3; assign out_0 = net_4; assign out_1 = net_5; f_22Z LogicGate_0 ( .in_1 (net_0), .in_0 (net_3), .out_0(net_2) ); f_22Z LogicGate_1 ( .in_1 (net_2), .in_0 (net_1), .out_0(net_3) ); endmodule
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module c_BIN_ZOOK_DLATCH ( input [0:0] in_0, input [0:0] in_1, output [0:0] out_0 ); wire net_0 = in_0; wire net_1 = in_1; wire net_2; wire net_3 = net_2; assign out_0 = net_3; f_Z00K00KKK LogicGate_0 ( .in_2 (net_0), .in_0 (net_2), .in_1 (net_1), .out_0(net_2) ); endmodule
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module f_2 ( input wire in_0, output wire out_0 ); assign out_0 = (in_0 == 0); endmodule
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module f_K00 ( input wire in_0, input wire in_1, output wire out_0 ); assign out_0 = (in_0 == 1 & in_1 == 1); endmodule
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module f_Z00K00KKK ( input wire in_0, input wire in_1, input wire in_2, output wire out_0 ); assign out_0 = (in_0 == 0 & in_1 == 1 & in_2 == 0) | (in_0 == 1 & in_1 == 1 & in_2 == 0) | (in_0 == 1 & in_1 == 0 & in_2 == 1) | (in_0 == 1 & in_1 == 1 & in_2 == 1); endmodule
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module top_module ( input a, input b, input c, input d, output q ); // assign q = (b & d) | (b & c) | (a & d) | (a & c); endmodule
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module top_module ( input a, input b, input c, input d, output q ); // always @(*) begin case ({ a, b, c, d }) 4'd0: q = 0; 4'd1: q = 0; 4'd2: q = 0; 4'd3: q = 0; 4'd4: q = 0; 4'd5: q = 1; 4'd6: q = 1; 4'd7: q = 1; 4'd8: q = 0; 4'd9: q = 1; 4'd10: q = 1; 4'd11: q = 1; 4'd12: q = 0; 4'd13: q = 1; 4'd14: q = 1; 4'd15: q = 1; endcase end endmodule
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module top_module ( input a, input b, output q ); // assign q = a & b; // Fix me endmodule
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module top_module ( input a, input b, input c, input d, output q ); // assign q = b | c; endmodule
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module top_module ( input a, input b, input c, input d, output q ); // always @(*) begin case ({ a, b, c, d }) 4'd0: q = 0; 4'd1: q = 0; 4'd2: q = 1; 4'd3: q = 1; 4'd4: q = 1; 4'd5: q = 1; 4'd6: q = 1; 4'd7: q = 1; 4'd8: q = 0; 4'd9: q = 0; 4'd10: q = 1; 4'd11: q = 1; 4'd12: q = 1; 4'd13: q = 1; 4'd14: q = 1; 4'd15: q = 1; endcase end endmodule
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module top_module ( input a, input b, input c, input d, output q ); // assign q = (~a)&(~b)&(~c)&(~d) | (~a)&(~b)&(c)&(d) | (~a)&(b)&(~c)&(d) | (~a)&(b)&(c)&(~d) | (a)&(b)&(~c)&(~d) |(a)&(b)&(c)&(d) | (a)&(~b)&(~c)&(d) | (a)&(~b)&(c)&(~d); // Fix me endmodule
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module top_module ( input [3:0] a, input [3:0] b, input [3:0] c, input [3:0] d, input [3:0] e, output [3:0] q ); always @(*) begin case (c) 0: q = b; 1: q = e; 2: q = a; 3: q = d; default: q = 4'hf; endcase end endmodule
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module top_module ( input [3:0] a, input [3:0] b, input [3:0] c, input [3:0] d, input [3:0] e, output [3:0] q ); always @(*) begin case (c) 4'h0: q = b; 4'h1: q = e; 4'h2: q = a; 4'h3: q = d; default: q = 4'hf; endcase end endmodule
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module top_module ( input a, input b, input c, input d, output q ); // assign q = (a | b) & (c | d); // Fix me endmodule
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module top_module ( input [2:0] a, output reg [15:0] q ); always @(*) begin case (a) 0: q = 16'h1232; 1: q = 16'haee0; 2: q = 16'h27d4; 3: q = 16'h5a0e; 4: q = 16'h2066; 5: q = 16'h64ce; 6: q = 16'hc526; 7: q = 16'h2f19; endcase end endmodule
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module top_module ( input [ 2:0] a, output [15:0] q ); always @(*) begin case (a) 3'd0: q = 16'h1232; 3'd1: q = 16'haee0; 3'd2: q = 16'h27d4; 3'd3: q = 16'h5a0e; 3'd4: q = 16'h2066; 3'd5: q = 16'h64ce; 3'd6: q = 16'hc526; 3'd7: q = 16'h2f19; endcase end endmodule
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module top_module ( input a, input b, input c, input d, output q ); // assign q = b | ((~b) & c); // Fix me endmodule
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module shift_ff ( input wire clk, reset, shift, prev_dff, d_in, output wire q ); mux2 m ( d_in, prev_dff, shift, in ); // To select between shift and load operations dfrl ff ( clk, reset, 1'b1, in, q ); endmodule
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module shift_register ( input wire clk, reset, load, input wire [15:0] in, output wire out_bit, output wire [15:0] contents ); // This is a module for one shift register, i.e a collection of 16 D-Flip Flops // Loads data parallely and on each clock cycle shifts the data by one bit // load is used to identify whether data is being loaded into the register or a shift should occur // out_bit is the least significant bit of the the register that is used by the full adder to perform addition wire shift; // This will be the inverse of the load input wire intermediate[14:0]; invert n1 ( load, shift ); shift_ff d1 ( clk, reset, shift, 1'b0, in[15], intermediate[14] ); shift_ff d2 ( clk, reset, shift, intermediate[14], in[14], intermediate[13] ); shift_ff d3 ( clk, reset, shift, intermediate[13], in[13], intermediate[12] ); shift_ff d4 ( clk, reset, shift, intermediate[12], in[12], intermediate[11] ); shift_ff d5 ( clk, reset, shift, intermediate[11], in[11], intermediate[10] ); shift_ff d6 ( clk, reset, shift, intermediate[10], in[10], intermediate[9] ); shift_ff d7 ( clk, reset, shift, intermediate[9], in[9], intermediate[8] ); shift_ff d8 ( clk, reset, shift, intermediate[8], in[8], intermediate[7] ); shift_ff d9 ( clk, reset, shift, intermediate[7], in[7], intermediate[6] ); shift_ff d10 ( clk, reset, shift, intermediate[6], in[6], intermediate[5] ); shift_ff d11 ( clk, reset, shift, intermediate[5], in[5], intermediate[4] ); shift_ff d12 ( clk, reset, shift, intermediate[4], in[4], intermediate[3] ); shift_ff d13 ( clk, reset, shift, intermediate[3], in[3], intermediate[2] ); shift_ff d14 ( clk, reset, shift, intermediate[2], in[2], intermediate[1] ); shift_ff d15 ( clk, reset, shift, intermediate[1], in[1], intermediate[0] ); shift_ff d16 ( clk, reset, shift, intermediate[0], in[0], out_bit ); assign contents = { intermediate[14], intermediate[13], intermediate[12], intermediate[11], intermediate[10], intermediate[9], intermediate[8], intermediate[7], intermediate[6], intermediate[5], intermediate[4], intermediate[3], intermediate[2], intermediate[1], intermediate[0], out_bit }; endmodule
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module shift_resgister_out ( input wire clk, reset, in1, output wire [15:0] sum ); // This register is used to store the sum output // in1 is the input bit received from the sum output of the fulladder wire intermediate[14:0]; dfrl d1 ( clk, reset, 1'b1, in1, intermediate[14] ); dfrl d2 ( clk, reset, 1'b1, intermediate[14], intermediate[13] ); dfrl d3 ( clk, reset, 1'b1, intermediate[13], intermediate[12] ); dfrl d4 ( clk, reset, 1'b1, intermediate[12], intermediate[11] ); dfrl d5 ( clk, reset, 1'b1, intermediate[11], intermediate[10] ); dfrl d6 ( clk, reset, 1'b1, intermediate[10], intermediate[9] ); dfrl d7 ( clk, reset, 1'b1, intermediate[9], intermediate[8] ); dfrl d8 ( clk, reset, 1'b1, intermediate[8], intermediate[7] ); dfrl d9 ( clk, reset, 1'b1, intermediate[7], intermediate[6] ); dfrl d10 ( clk, reset, 1'b1, intermediate[6], intermediate[5] ); dfrl d11 ( clk, reset, 1'b1, intermediate[5], intermediate[4] ); dfrl d12 ( clk, reset, 1'b1, intermediate[4], intermediate[3] ); dfrl d13 ( clk, reset, 1'b1, intermediate[3], intermediate[2] ); dfrl d14 ( clk, reset, 1'b1, intermediate[2], intermediate[1] ); dfrl d15 ( clk, reset, 1'b1, intermediate[1], intermediate[0] ); assign sum = { in1, intermediate[14], intermediate[13], intermediate[12], intermediate[11], intermediate[10], intermediate[9], intermediate[8], intermediate[7], intermediate[6], intermediate[5], intermediate[4], intermediate[3], intermediate[2], intermediate[1], intermediate[0] }; endmodule
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module shift_adder ( input wire clk, reset, load, input wire [15:0] a, b, output wire [15:0] contents_a, contents_b, op, output wire carry ); // This is the serial shift adder module // It takes two 16 bit numbers a and b as input and loads them to the shift registers a and b // Their content is monitored using the output wires contents_a and contents_b respectively // op is the output shift register where the output gets stored // The full adder adds the LSBs of a and b at every clock cycle and pushes it onto the output shift register // A DFF is used to hold the carry generated by the fulladder and this is fed back to the fulladder in the next clock cycle wire t1, t2, fa_out, cin, cout; shift_register a0 ( clk, reset, load, a, t1, contents_a ); shift_register b0 ( clk, reset, load, b, t2, contents_b ); fulladder fa ( t1, t2, cin, fa_out, cout ); dfrl carry_hold ( clk, reset, 1'b1, cout, cin ); // This DFF will hold the carry to be used by the full adder in the next clock cycle shift_resgister_out ans ( clk, reset, fa_out, op ); assign carry = cout; endmodule
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module Bit16Adder ( a, b, cin, sum, cout ); input [16:1] a, b; input cin; output [16:1] sum; output cout; wire w1, w2, w3; Bit4Adder B4A_0 ( a[4:1], b[4:1], cin, sum[4:1], w1 ); Bit4Adder B4A_1 ( a[8:5], b[8:5], w1, sum[8:5], w2 ); Bit4Adder B4A_2 ( a[12:9], b[12:9], w2, sum[12:9], w3 ); Bit4Adder B4A_3 ( a[16:13], b[16:13], w3, sum[16:13], cout ); endmodule
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module invert ( output ib, input b ); assign ib = ~b; endmodule
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module and2 ( input wire i0, i1, output wire o ); assign o = i0 & i1; endmodule
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module or2 ( input wire i0, i1, output wire o ); assign o = i0 | i1; endmodule
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module xor2 ( input wire i0, i1, output wire o ); assign o = i0 ^ i1; endmodule
8.782532
module nand2 ( input wire i0, i1, output wire o ); wire t; and2 and2_0 ( i0, i1, t ); invert invert_0 ( t, o ); endmodule
7.360689
module nor2 ( input wire i0, i1, output wire o ); wire t; or2 or2_0 ( i0, i1, t ); invert invert_0 ( t, o ); endmodule
7.781479
module xnor2 ( input wire i0, i1, output wire o ); wire t; xor2 xor2_0 ( i0, i1, t ); invert invert_0 ( t, o ); endmodule
7.523861
module and3 ( input wire i0, i1, i2, output wire o ); wire t; and2 and2_0 ( i0, i1, t ); and2 and2_1 ( i2, t, o ); endmodule
7.185291
module or3 ( input wire i0, i1, i2, output wire o ); wire t; or2 or2_0 ( i0, i1, t ); or2 or2_1 ( i2, t, o ); endmodule
7.924047
module nor3 ( input wire i0, i1, i2, output wire o ); wire t; or2 or2_0 ( i0, i1, t ); nor2 nor2_0 ( i2, t, o ); endmodule
7.838557
module nand3 ( input wire i0, i1, i2, output wire o ); wire t; and2 and2_0 ( i0, i1, t ); nand2 nand2_1 ( i2, t, o ); endmodule
7.036906
module xor3 ( input wire i0, i1, i2, output wire o ); wire t; xor2 xor2_0 ( i0, i1, t ); xor2 xor2_1 ( i2, t, o ); endmodule
8.362259
module xnor3 ( input wire i0, i1, i2, output wire o ); wire t; xor2 xor2_0 ( i0, i1, t ); xnor2 xnor2_0 ( i2, t, o ); endmodule
7.872322
module fa ( input wire i0, i1, cin, output wire sum, cout ); wire t0, t1, t2; xor3 _i0 ( i0, i1, cin, sum ); and2 _i1 ( i0, i1, t0 ); and2 _i2 ( i1, cin, t1 ); and2 _i3 ( cin, i0, t2 ); or3 _i4 ( t0, t1, t2, cout ); endmodule
7.001699
module Adder ( a, b, sum ); input [15:0] a, b; output [15:0] sum; wire cout; wire [15:0] q; fa fa1 ( a[0], b[0], 1'b0, sum[0], q[0] ); fa fa2 ( a[1], b[1], q[0], sum[1], q[1] ); fa fa3 ( a[2], b[2], q[1], sum[2], q[2] ); fa fa4 ( a[3], b[3], q[2], sum[3], q[3] ); fa fa5 ( a[4], b[4], q[3], sum[4], q[4] ); fa fa6 ( a[5], b[5], q[4], sum[5], q[5] ); fa fa7 ( a[6], b[6], q[5], sum[6], q[6] ); fa fa8 ( a[7], b[7], q[6], sum[7], q[7] ); fa fa9 ( a[8], b[8], q[7], sum[8], q[8] ); fa fa10 ( a[9], b[9], q[8], sum[9], q[9] ); fa fa11 ( a[10], b[10], q[9], sum[10], q[10] ); fa fa12 ( a[11], b[11], q[10], sum[11], q[11] ); fa fa13 ( a[12], b[12], q[11], sum[12], q[12] ); fa fa14 ( a[13], b[13], q[12], sum[13], q[13] ); fa fa15 ( a[14], b[14], q[13], sum[14], q[14] ); fa fa16 ( a[15], b[15], q[14], sum[15], cout ); endmodule
6.808429
module booth_substep ( input wire signed [15:0] a, Q, input wire signed q0, input wire signed [15:0] m, output reg signed [15:0] f8, output reg signed [15:0] l8, output reg cq0 ); wire [15:0] addam, subam; Adder myadd ( a, m, addam ); subtractor mysub ( a, m, subam ); //First if- 0, 0 or 1, 1 always @(*) begin if (Q[0] == q0) begin cq0 = Q[0]; l8 = Q >> 1; l8[15] = a[0]; f8 = a >> 1; if (a[15] == 1) f8[15] = 1; end else if (Q[0] == 1 && q0 == 0) begin cq0 = Q[0]; l8 = Q >> 1; l8[15] = subam[0]; f8 = subam >> 1; if (subam[15] == 1) f8[15] = 1; end else begin cq0 = Q[0]; l8 = Q >> 1; l8[15] = addam[0]; f8 = addam >> 1; if (addam[15] == 1) f8[15] = 1; end end endmodule
6.761271
module mul16_unsigned ( input signed [15:0] A, B, input clk, output signed [31:0] P ); mul16_signed( A, B, clk, P ); endmodule
6.602435
module dff ( q, d, clk ); input d, clk; output q; reg q; always @(negedge clk) q <= d; endmodule
8.035763
module shiftreg_tb; reg [15:0] din; reg sin, ld, mode, clk; wire [15:0] dout; shiftreg SR1 ( sin, din, dout, ld, mode, clk ); parameter STDIN = 32'h8000_0000; integer testid; integer ret; initial begin clk = 1'b1; forever #50 clk = ~clk; end initial begin ret = $fscanf(STDIN, "%d", testid); case (testid) 0: begin din = 16'b1111111111111111; ld = 1'b1; end 1: begin din = 16'b0000000011000000; ld = 1'b1; #100 sin = 1'b1; ld = 1'b0; mode = 0; end 2: begin din = 16'b0000000011000000; ld = 1'b1; #100 sin = 1'b0; ld = 1'b0; mode = 0; end 3: begin din = 16'b0000000011000000; ld = 1'b1; #100 sin = 1'b0; ld = 1'b0; mode = 1; end 4: begin din = 16'b0000111100001111; ld = 1'b1; end 5: begin din = 16'b0000000011000000; ld = 1'b1; #100 sin = 1'b1; ld = 1'b0; mode = 1; end default: begin $display("Bad testcase id %d", testid); $finish(); end endcase #100; if ( (testid == 0 && din == 65535 && dout == 65535) || (testid == 1 && din == 192 && dout == 32864) || (testid == 2 && din == 192 && dout == 96) || (testid == 3 && din == 192 && dout == 384) || (testid == 4 && din == dout) || (testid == 5 && din == 192 && dout == 385) ) pass(); else fail(); end task fail; begin $display("Fail: for clk=%d, mode=%d, ld=%d, sin=%d, din=%d and dout=%d is WRONG", clk, mode, ld, sin, din, dout); $finish(); end endtask task pass; begin $display("Pass: for clk=%d, mode=%d, ld=%d, sin=%d, din=%d and dout=%d", clk, mode, ld, sin, din, dout); $finish(); end endtask endmodule
6.713753
module bit16_4way_mux ( out, i0, i1, i2, i3, s0, s1 ); input [15:0] i0, i1, i2, i3; input s0, s1; output [15:0] out; wire [15:0] x, y; wire inv; not_gate not_1 ( inv, s0, s0 ); //complement of s0 //not_gate not_2(inv1,s1,s1); //complement of s1 mux_16 mux_1[15:0] ( x, i0, i1, s0 ); mux_16 mux_2[15:0] ( y, i2, i3, s0 ); mux_16 mux_3[15:0] ( out, x, y, s1 ); endmodule
7.474265
module mux_8way ( out, in0, in1, in2, in3, in4, in5, in6, in7, s0, s1, s2 ); output [15:0] out; input [15:0] in0, in1, in2, in3, in4, in5, in6, in7; input s0, s1, s2; wire [15:0] x, y; bit16_4way_mux mux_8way_1 ( x, in0, in1, in2, in3, s0, s1 ); bit16_4way_mux mux_8way_2 ( y, in4, in5, in6, in7, s0, s1 ); mux_2x1 mux_8way_3[15:0] ( out, x, y, s2 ); endmodule
6.70825
module adder_4bit ( a, b, cin, sum, carry ); output [3:0] sum; output carry; input [3:0] a; input [3:0] b; input cin; wire [2:0] s; Full_Adder u0 ( a[0], b[0], 1'b0, sum[0], s[0] ); Full_Adder u1 ( a[1], b[1], s[0], sum[1], s[1] ); Full_Adder u2 ( a[2], b[2], s[1], sum[2], s[2] ); Full_Adder u3 ( a[3], b[3], s[2], sum[3], carry ); endmodule
9.041993
module adder_16bit ( a, b, sum, carry ); input [15:0] a; input [15:0] b; output [15:0] sum; output carry; wire [2:0] s; adder_4bit u0 ( a[3:0], b[3:0], 1'b0, sum[3:0], s[0] ); adder_4bit u1 ( a[7:4], b[7:4], s[0], sum[7:4], s[1] ); adder_4bit u2 ( a[11:8], b[11:8], s[1], sum[11:8], s[2] ); adder_4bit u3 ( a[15:12], b[15:12], s[2], sum[15:12], carry ); endmodule
7.133988
module mux4x1 ( in, sel, out ); input [3:0] in; input [1:0] sel; output out; wire [1:0] sel_bar; wire in0s0, in1s1, in2s2, in3s3; not n1 (sel_bar[0], sel[0]); not n1 (sel_bar[1], sel[1]); and a1 (in0s0, in[0], sel_bar[1], sel_bar[0]); and a2 (in1s1, in[1], sel_bar[1], sel[0]); and a3 (in2s2, in[2], sel[1], sel_bar[0]); and a4 (in3s3, in[3], sel[1], sel[0]); or o1 (out, in0s0, in1s1, in2s2, in3s3); endmodule
6.791623
module gf2m #( parameter DIGITAL = 16, parameter DATA_WIDTH = 163 ) ( input wire rst, input wire clk, input wire start, input wire [DATA_WIDTH - 1 : 0] a, input wire [DATA_WIDTH - 1 : 0] g, input wire [DIGITAL - 1:0] b, output reg [DATA_WIDTH - 1 : 0] t_i_j, output reg done ); parameter ITERATION_NUMBER = DATA_WIDTH / DIGITAL; parameter IDLE = 1'b0; parameter CAL = 1'b1; reg state; reg [12:0] counter; wire [DATA_WIDTH - 1 : 0] wire_t_i_j; serial serial_8_bit ( .b(b), .a(a), .g(g), .t_i1_j1(t_i_j), .t_i_j(wire_t_i_j) ); always @(posedge clk or negedge rst) begin : proc_counter if (~rst) begin counter <= 0; end else begin case (state) IDLE: begin counter <= 6'd0; end CAL: begin if (counter < ITERATION_NUMBER) counter <= counter + 1; else counter <= 6'd0; end default: /* default */; endcase end end always @(posedge clk or negedge rst) begin : proc_t_i_j if (~rst) begin t_i_j <= 0; end else begin case (state) IDLE: t_i_j <= 0; CAL: t_i_j <= wire_t_i_j; default: t_i_j <= 0; endcase end end always @(posedge clk or negedge rst) begin : proc_done if (~rst) begin done <= 0; end else begin case (state) IDLE: done <= 0; CAL: begin if (counter < ITERATION_NUMBER) done <= 0; else done <= 1'b1; end default: done <= 0; endcase end end always @(posedge clk or negedge rst) begin : proc_state if (~rst) begin state <= IDLE; end else begin case (state) IDLE: begin : IDLE_STATE if (start) state <= CAL; else state <= state; end CAL: begin : CAL_STATE if (counter < ITERATION_NUMBER) state <= CAL; else state <= IDLE; end default: state <= IDLE; endcase end end endmodule
7.196913
module flop_16bit ( rst_n, x, y, clk, stall ); input rst_n, clk, stall; input [15:0] x; output reg [15:0] y; always @(posedge clk, negedge rst_n) begin if (!rst_n) y <= 0; else if (stall) y <= y; else y <= x; end endmodule
8.140276
module PGU ( a, b, p, g ); input [15:0] a, b; output [15:0] p, g; assign p = a ^ b; assign g = a & b; endmodule
7.368717
module BCLU ( p, g, cin, ps, gs, c ); input [3:0] p, g; input cin; output ps, gs; output [2:0] c; assign ps = p[3] & p[2] & p[1] & p[0]; assign gs = g[3] | p[3] & g[2] | p[3] & p[2] & g[1] | p[3] & p[2] & p[1] & g[0]; assign c[0] = g[0] | p[0] & cin; assign c[1] = g[1] | p[1] & g[0] | p[1] & p[0] & cin; assign c[2] = g[2] | p[2] & g[1] | p[2] & p[1] & g[0] | p[2] & p[1] & p[0] & cin; endmodule
7.053402
module CLU ( ps, gs, cin, c ); input ps, gs, cin; output c; assign c = gs | ps & cin; endmodule
7.105785
module SU ( p, cin, c, s ); input [15:0] p; input cin; input [14:0] c; output [15:0] s; assign s = p ^ {c, cin}; endmodule
7.057463
module D1_3bit ( in, clk, out ); input [2:0] in; input clk; output reg [2:0] out; always @(posedge clk) begin out <= in; end endmodule
6.884111
module D1_4bit ( in, clk, out ); input [3:0] in; input clk; output reg [3:0] out; always @(posedge clk) begin out <= in; end endmodule
7.122843
module D1_16bit ( in, clk, out ); input [15:0] in; input clk; output reg [15:0] out; always @(posedge clk) begin out <= in; end endmodule
6.605137
module DD2 ( in, clk, out ); input in, clk; output reg out; reg r_data; always @(posedge clk) begin r_data <= in; out <= r_data; end endmodule
6.600992
module DD4 ( in, clk, out ); input in, clk; output reg out; reg [2:0] r_data; always @(posedge clk) begin r_data[0] <= in; r_data[1] <= r_data[0]; r_data[2] <= r_data[1]; out <= r_data[2]; end endmodule
6.511385
module DD2_4bit ( in, clk, out ); input [3:0] in; input clk; output reg [3:0] out; reg [3:0] r_data; always @(posedge clk) begin r_data <= in; out <= r_data; end endmodule
7.031347
module DD3_4bit ( in, clk, out ); input [3:0] in; input clk; output reg [3:0] out; reg [3:0] r_data[0:1]; always @(posedge clk) begin r_data[0] <= in; r_data[1] <= r_data[0]; out <= r_data[1]; end endmodule
6.638852
module DD2_3bit ( in, clk, out ); input [2:0] in; input clk; output reg [2:0] out; reg [2:0] r_data; always @(posedge clk) begin r_data <= in; out <= r_data; end endmodule
6.963781
module DD3_3bit ( in, clk, out ); input [2:0] in; input clk; output reg [2:0] out; reg [2:0] r_data[0:1]; always @(posedge clk) begin r_data[0] <= in; r_data[1] <= r_data[0]; out <= r_data[1]; end endmodule
6.61913
module DD4_3bit ( in, clk, out ); input [2:0] in; input clk; output reg [2:0] out; reg [2:0] r_data[0:2]; always @(posedge clk) begin r_data[0] <= in; r_data[1] <= r_data[0]; r_data[2] <= r_data[1]; out <= r_data[2]; end endmodule
6.941144
module DD4_16bit ( in, clk, out ); input [15:0] in; input clk; output reg [15:0] out; reg [15:0] r_data[0:2]; always @(posedge clk) begin r_data[0] <= in; r_data[1] <= r_data[0]; r_data[2] <= r_data[1]; out <= r_data[2]; end endmodule
7.075333
module Pip16CLA ( a, b, cin, clk, s, cout ); input [15:0] a, b; input cin; input clk; output [15:0] s; output cout; wire cin2; wire cin22; wire [15:0] a2, b2, p, g, p2, g2, p22; //pccc wire [11:0] p222, g222; //pcc, gcc wire [14:0] c; wire [ 2:0] c2; wire [15:0] c22; wire [3:0] ps, gs, ps2, gs2; //D1 PGU D1_16bit D1 ( a, clk, a2 ); D1_16bit D2 ( b, clk, b2 ); PGU PGU0 ( a2, b2, p, g ); D1_16bit D3 ( p, clk, p2 ); D1_16bit D4 ( g, clk, g2 ); //BCLU0 DD2 D11 ( cin, clk, cin2 ); BCLU BCLU0 ( p2[3:0], g2[3:0], cin2, ps[0], gs[0], c[2:0] ); DD1 D12 ( ps[0], clk, ps2[0] ); DD1 D13 ( gs[0], clk, gs2[0] ); //CLU0 DD3 D21 ( cin, clk, cin22 ); CLU CLU0 ( ps2[0], gs2[0], cin22, c[3] ); //BCLU1 D1_4bit D31 ( p2[7:4], clk, p222[3:0] ); D1_4bit D32 ( g2[7:4], clk, g222[3:0] ); BCLU BCLU1 ( p222[3:0], g222[3:0], c[3], ps[1], gs[1], c[6:4] ); DD1 D33 ( ps[1], clk, ps2[1] ); DD1 D34 ( gs[1], clk, gs2[1] ); //CLU1 DD1 D41 ( c[3], clk, c2[0] ); CLU CLU1 ( ps2[1], gs2[1], c2[0], c[7] ); //BCLU2 DD2_4bit D42 ( p2[11:8], clk, p222[7:4] ); DD2_4bit D43 ( g2[11:8], clk, g222[7:4] ); BCLU BCLU2 ( p222[7:4], g222[7:4], c[7], ps[2], gs[2], c[10:8] ); DD1 D44 ( ps[2], clk, ps2[2] ); DD1 D45 ( gs[2], clk, gs2[2] ); //CLU2 DD1 D51 ( c[7], clk, c2[1] ); CLU CLU2 ( ps2[2], gs2[2], c2[1], c[11] ); //BCLU3 DD3_4bit D52 ( p2[15:12], clk, p222[11:8] ); DD3_4bit D53 ( g2[15:12], clk, g222[11:8] ); BCLU BCLU3 ( p222[11:8], g222[11:8], c[11], ps[3], gs[3], c[14:12] ); DD1 D54 ( ps[3], clk, ps2[3] ); DD1 D55 ( gs[3], clk, gs2[3] ); //CLU3 DD1 D61 ( c[11], clk, c2[2] ); CLU CLU3 ( ps2[3], gs2[3], c2[2], cout ); //SU DD3 D71 ( cin22, clk, c22[0] ); DD4_3bit D72 ( c[2:0], clk, c22[3:1] ); DD3 D73 ( c[3], clk, c22[4] ); DD3_3bit D74 ( c[6:4], clk, c22[7:5] ); DD2 D75 ( c[7], clk, c22[8] ); DD2_3bit D76 ( c[10:8], clk, c22[11:9] ); DD1 D77 ( c[11], clk, c22[12] ); D1_3bit D81 ( c[14:12], clk, c22[15:13] ); DD4_16bit D82 ( p2[15:0], clk, p22[15:0] ); SU SU0 ( p22, c22[0], c22[15:1], s ); endmodule
6.942108
module fulladder ( a, b, cin, s, cout ); input a, b, cin; output s, cout; assign s = (a ^ b) ^ cin; assign cout = ((a & b) | ((a ^ b) & cin)); endmodule
7.454465
module DD2 ( in, clk, out ); input in, clk; output reg out; reg r_data; always @(posedge clk) begin r_data <= in; out <= r_data; end endmodule
6.600992
module DD4 ( in, clk, out ); input in, clk; output reg out; reg [2:0] r_data; always @(posedge clk) begin r_data[0] <= in; r_data[1] <= r_data[0]; r_data[2] <= r_data[1]; out <= r_data[2]; end endmodule
6.511385
module Pip4RCA ( a, b, cin, clk, s, cout ); input [3:0] a, b; input cin; input clk; output [3:0] s; output cout; wire [2:0] c; wire [2:0] c2; wire [3:0] b2; wire [3:0] a2; wire [3:0] out; wire cin2; //FA0? ??? ? ?? s0, c0 DD1 D1 ( a[0], clk, a2[0] ); DD1 D2 ( b[0], clk, b2[0] ); DD1 D3 ( cin, clk, cin2 ); fulladder AD0 ( a2[0], b2[0], cin2, out[0], c[0] ); DD3 D3_1 ( out[0], clk, s[0] ); //FA1? ??? ? ?? s1, c1 DD1 D11 ( c[0], clk, c2[0] ); DD2 D21 ( a[1], clk, a2[1] ); DD2 D22 ( b[1], clk, b2[1] ); fulladder AD1 ( a2[1], b2[1], c2[0], out[1], c[1] ); DD2 D2_1 ( out[1], clk, s[1] ); //FA2? ??? ? ?? s2, c2 DD1 D12 ( c[1], clk, c2[1] ); DD3 D31 ( a[2], clk, a2[2] ); DD3 D32 ( b[2], clk, b2[2] ); fulladder AD2 ( a2[2], b2[2], c2[1], out[2], c[2] ); DD1 D1_1 ( out[2], clk, s[2] ); //FA3? ??? ? ?? s3, c3 DD1 D13 ( c[2], clk, c2[2] ); DD4 D41 ( a[3], clk, a2[3] ); DD4 D42 ( b[3], clk, b2[3] ); fulladder AD3 ( a2[3], b2[3], c2[2], out[3], cout ); assign s[3] = out[3]; endmodule
6.853022
module DD1_16 ( in, clk, out ); input [15:0] in; input clk; output reg [15:0] out; always @(posedge clk) begin out <= in; end endmodule
6.966147