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57341cf4d058e614000b6964 | Montana | Montana's personal income tax contains 7 brackets, with rates ranging from 1 percent to 6.9 percent. Montana has no sales tax. In Montana, household goods are exempt from property taxes. However, property taxes are assessed on livestock, farm machinery, heavy equipment, automobiles, trucks, and business equipment. The ... | How many tax brackets does Montana have? | {
"answer_start": [
39
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"text": [
"7"
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} | How many tax brackets does [MASK] have? | [
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57341cf4d058e614000b6965 | Montana | Montana's personal income tax contains 7 brackets, with rates ranging from 1 percent to 6.9 percent. Montana has no sales tax. In Montana, household goods are exempt from property taxes. However, property taxes are assessed on livestock, farm machinery, heavy equipment, automobiles, trucks, and business equipment. The ... | What is the highest tax bracket in Montana? | {
"answer_start": [
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"text": [
"6.9 percent"
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} | What is the highest tax bracket in [MASK]? | [
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57341cf4d058e614000b6966 | Montana | Montana's personal income tax contains 7 brackets, with rates ranging from 1 percent to 6.9 percent. Montana has no sales tax. In Montana, household goods are exempt from property taxes. However, property taxes are assessed on livestock, farm machinery, heavy equipment, automobiles, trucks, and business equipment. The ... | Does Montana have a sales tax? | {
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57341d964776f419006618b3 | Montana | Approximately 66,000 people of Native American heritage live in Montana. Stemming from multiple treaties and federal legislation, including the Indian Appropriations Act (1851), the Dawes Act (1887), and the Indian Reorganization Act (1934), seven Indian reservations, encompassing eleven tribal nations, were created in... | About how many Native Americans live in Montana? | {
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57341d964776f419006618b4 | Montana | Approximately 66,000 people of Native American heritage live in Montana. Stemming from multiple treaties and federal legislation, including the Indian Appropriations Act (1851), the Dawes Act (1887), and the Indian Reorganization Act (1934), seven Indian reservations, encompassing eleven tribal nations, were created in... | When was the Indian Appropriations Act passed? | {
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"1851"
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57341d964776f419006618b5 | Montana | Approximately 66,000 people of Native American heritage live in Montana. Stemming from multiple treaties and federal legislation, including the Indian Appropriations Act (1851), the Dawes Act (1887), and the Indian Reorganization Act (1934), seven Indian reservations, encompassing eleven tribal nations, were created in... | What year was the Dawes act passed? | {
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} | What year was the [MASK] act passed? | [
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57341d964776f419006618b6 | Montana | Approximately 66,000 people of Native American heritage live in Montana. Stemming from multiple treaties and federal legislation, including the Indian Appropriations Act (1851), the Dawes Act (1887), and the Indian Reorganization Act (1934), seven Indian reservations, encompassing eleven tribal nations, were created in... | Where are the Little Shell Chippewa headquartered? | {
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57341d964776f419006618b7 | Montana | Approximately 66,000 people of Native American heritage live in Montana. Stemming from multiple treaties and federal legislation, including the Indian Appropriations Act (1851), the Dawes Act (1887), and the Indian Reorganization Act (1934), seven Indian reservations, encompassing eleven tribal nations, were created in... | About what percentage of the Native Americans in Montana live off the reservation? | {
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"63%"
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} | About what percentage of [MASK] in [MASK] live off the reservation? | [
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57341fc9d058e614000b6974 | Montana | While the largest European-American population in Montana overall is German, pockets of significant Scandinavian ancestry are prevalent in some of the farming-dominated northern and eastern prairie regions, parallel to nearby regions of North Dakota and Minnesota. Farmers of Irish, Scots, and English roots also settled... | What is the largest European-American race in Montana? | {
"answer_start": [
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"text": [
"German"
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} | What is the largest [MASK] race in [MASK]? | [
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57341fc9d058e614000b6975 | Montana | While the largest European-American population in Montana overall is German, pockets of significant Scandinavian ancestry are prevalent in some of the farming-dominated northern and eastern prairie regions, parallel to nearby regions of North Dakota and Minnesota. Farmers of Irish, Scots, and English roots also settled... | What was Helena originally founded as? | {
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} | What was [MASK] originally founded as? | [
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5734205b4776f419006618e7 | Montana | Montana has a larger Native American population numerically and percentage-wise than most U.S. states. Although the state ranked 45th in population (according to the 2010 U.S. Census), it ranked 19th in total native people population. Native people constituted 6.5 percent of the state's total population, the sixth high... | What percentage of the population in Montana are Native peoples? | {
"answer_start": [
261
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"text": [
"6.5 percent"
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} | What percentage of the population in [MASK] are Native peoples? | [
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5734205b4776f419006618e8 | Montana | Montana has a larger Native American population numerically and percentage-wise than most U.S. states. Although the state ranked 45th in population (according to the 2010 U.S. Census), it ranked 19th in total native people population. Native people constituted 6.5 percent of the state's total population, the sixth high... | What three counties are Native Americans a majority? | {
"answer_start": [
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"text": [
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} | What [MASK] counties are [MASK] a majority? | [
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5734205b4776f419006618e9 | Montana | Montana has a larger Native American population numerically and percentage-wise than most U.S. states. Although the state ranked 45th in population (according to the 2010 U.S. Census), it ranked 19th in total native people population. Native people constituted 6.5 percent of the state's total population, the sixth high... | Between what years did the Native population increase by 27.9% | {
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} | Between what years did the [MASK] population increase by [MASK] | [
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573420e34776f419006618ed | Montana | The climate has become warmer in Montana and continues to do so. The glaciers in Glacier National Park have receded and are predicted to melt away completely in a few decades. Many Montana cities set heat records during July 2007, the hottest month ever recorded in Montana. Winters are warmer, too, and have fewer cold ... | In what year did many cities in Montana set heat records? | {
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225
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573420e34776f419006618ee | Montana | The climate has become warmer in Montana and continues to do so. The glaciers in Glacier National Park have receded and are predicted to melt away completely in a few decades. Many Montana cities set heat records during July 2007, the hottest month ever recorded in Montana. Winters are warmer, too, and have fewer cold ... | What month was the hottest ever recorded? | {
"answer_start": [
220
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"text": [
"July"
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} | What month was the hottest ever recorded? | [
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573420e34776f419006618ef | Montana | The climate has become warmer in Montana and continues to do so. The glaciers in Glacier National Park have receded and are predicted to melt away completely in a few decades. Many Montana cities set heat records during July 2007, the hottest month ever recorded in Montana. Winters are warmer, too, and have fewer cold ... | What problem has substantially increased in its severity? | {
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} | What problem has substantially increased in its severity? | [
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5734215f4776f419006618fb | Montana | As white settlers began populating Montana from the 1850s through the 1870s, disputes with Native Americans ensued, primarily over land ownership and control. In 1855, Washington Territorial Governor Isaac Stevens negotiated the Hellgate treaty between the United States Government and the Salish, Pend d'Oreille, and th... | What year was the Hellgate treaty formed? | {
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5734215f4776f419006618fc | Montana | As white settlers began populating Montana from the 1850s through the 1870s, disputes with Native Americans ensued, primarily over land ownership and control. In 1855, Washington Territorial Governor Isaac Stevens negotiated the Hellgate treaty between the United States Government and the Salish, Pend d'Oreille, and th... | Who negotiated the Hellgate treaty? | {
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5734215f4776f419006618fd | Montana | As white settlers began populating Montana from the 1850s through the 1870s, disputes with Native Americans ensued, primarily over land ownership and control. In 1855, Washington Territorial Governor Isaac Stevens negotiated the Hellgate treaty between the United States Government and the Salish, Pend d'Oreille, and th... | What year was the treaty ratified? | {
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5734215f4776f419006618fe | Montana | As white settlers began populating Montana from the 1850s through the 1870s, disputes with Native Americans ensued, primarily over land ownership and control. In 1855, Washington Territorial Governor Isaac Stevens negotiated the Hellgate treaty between the United States Government and the Salish, Pend d'Oreille, and th... | What did the treaty establish? | {
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573421c4d058e614000b69aa | Montana | The first U.S. Army post established in Montana was Camp Cooke on the Missouri River in 1866 to protect steamboat traffic going to Fort Benton, Montana. More than a dozen additional military outposts were established in the state. Pressure over land ownership and control increased due to discoveries of gold in various ... | What was the name of the first US Army post? | {
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573421c4d058e614000b69ab | Montana | The first U.S. Army post established in Montana was Camp Cooke on the Missouri River in 1866 to protect steamboat traffic going to Fort Benton, Montana. More than a dozen additional military outposts were established in the state. Pressure over land ownership and control increased due to discoveries of gold in various ... | Where was Camp Cooke situated? | {
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573421c4d058e614000b69ac | Montana | The first U.S. Army post established in Montana was Camp Cooke on the Missouri River in 1866 to protect steamboat traffic going to Fort Benton, Montana. More than a dozen additional military outposts were established in the state. Pressure over land ownership and control increased due to discoveries of gold in various ... | What year was the Great Sioux War? | {
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442
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573421c4d058e614000b69ad | Montana | The first U.S. Army post established in Montana was Camp Cooke on the Missouri River in 1866 to protect steamboat traffic going to Fort Benton, Montana. More than a dozen additional military outposts were established in the state. Pressure over land ownership and control increased due to discoveries of gold in various ... | What year did the Battle of Bear Paw happen? | {
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656
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} | What year did [MASK] happen? | [
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5734227dd058e614000b69bc | Montana | English is the official language in the state of Montana, as it is in many U.S. states. English is also the language of the majority. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, 94.8 percent of the population aged 5 and older speak English at home. Spanish is the language most commonly spoken at home other than English. There w... | What is the official language of Montana? | {
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5734227dd058e614000b69bd | Montana | English is the official language in the state of Montana, as it is in many U.S. states. English is also the language of the majority. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, 94.8 percent of the population aged 5 and older speak English at home. Spanish is the language most commonly spoken at home other than English. There w... | What percentage of the population in Montana speak English? | {
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169
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"94.8 percent"
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} | What percentage of the population in [MASK] speak [MASK]? | [
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5734227dd058e614000b69be | Montana | English is the official language in the state of Montana, as it is in many U.S. states. English is also the language of the majority. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, 94.8 percent of the population aged 5 and older speak English at home. Spanish is the language most commonly spoken at home other than English. There w... | What is the second most common language spoken in Montana? | {
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} | What is the [MASK] most common language spoken in [MASK]? | [
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5734227dd058e614000b69bf | Montana | English is the official language in the state of Montana, as it is in many U.S. states. English is also the language of the majority. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, 94.8 percent of the population aged 5 and older speak English at home. Spanish is the language most commonly spoken at home other than English. There w... | How about many Spanish speakers are there in the state? | {
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330
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} | How about many [MASK] speakers are there in the state? | [
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5734227dd058e614000b69c0 | Montana | English is the official language in the state of Montana, as it is in many U.S. states. English is also the language of the majority. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, 94.8 percent of the population aged 5 and older speak English at home. Spanish is the language most commonly spoken at home other than English. There w... | ABout how many people in the state of Montana speak Cheyenne? | {
"answer_start": [
838
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"text": [
"about 1,700"
]
} | ABout how many people in the state of [MASK] speak [MASK]? | [
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573422e44776f41900661927 | Montana | According to the 2010 Census, 89.4 percent of the population was White (87.8 percent Non-Hispanic White), 6.3 percent American Indian and Alaska Native, 2.9 percent Hispanics and Latinos of any race, 0.6 percent Asian, 0.4 percent Black or African American, 0.1 percent Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, 0.6 pe... | What percent of the state is White? | {
"answer_start": [
30
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"text": [
"89.4 percent"
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} | What percent of the state is [MASK]? | [
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573422e44776f41900661928 | Montana | According to the 2010 Census, 89.4 percent of the population was White (87.8 percent Non-Hispanic White), 6.3 percent American Indian and Alaska Native, 2.9 percent Hispanics and Latinos of any race, 0.6 percent Asian, 0.4 percent Black or African American, 0.1 percent Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, 0.6 pe... | What percent of the state is Native American Indian? | {
"answer_start": [
106
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"text": [
"6.3 percent"
]
} | What percent of the state is [MASK] Indian? | [
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573422e44776f41900661929 | Montana | According to the 2010 Census, 89.4 percent of the population was White (87.8 percent Non-Hispanic White), 6.3 percent American Indian and Alaska Native, 2.9 percent Hispanics and Latinos of any race, 0.6 percent Asian, 0.4 percent Black or African American, 0.1 percent Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, 0.6 pe... | Hispanics account for what percentage of Monatanas population? | {
"answer_start": [
153
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"text": [
"2.9"
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} | Hispanics account for what percentage of [MASK] population? | [
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573424434776f41900661941 | Montana | The United States Census Bureau estimates that the population of Montana was 1,032,949 on July 1, 2015, a 4.40% increase since the 2010 United States Census. The 2010 census put Montana's population at 989,415 which is an increase of 43,534 people, or 4.40 percent, since 2010. During the first decade of the new century... | What was the population of the state in 2015? | {
"answer_start": [
77
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"1,032,949"
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573424434776f41900661942 | Montana | The United States Census Bureau estimates that the population of Montana was 1,032,949 on July 1, 2015, a 4.40% increase since the 2010 United States Census. The 2010 census put Montana's population at 989,415 which is an increase of 43,534 people, or 4.40 percent, since 2010. During the first decade of the new century... | How much did the population increase since 2010? | {
"answer_start": [
106
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"text": [
"4.40%"
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573424434776f41900661943 | Montana | The United States Census Bureau estimates that the population of Montana was 1,032,949 on July 1, 2015, a 4.40% increase since the 2010 United States Census. The 2010 census put Montana's population at 989,415 which is an increase of 43,534 people, or 4.40 percent, since 2010. During the first decade of the new century... | What county saw the largest growth? | {
"answer_start": [
428
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"text": [
"Gallatin County"
]
} | What county saw the largest growth? | [
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573424434776f41900661944 | Montana | The United States Census Bureau estimates that the population of Montana was 1,032,949 on July 1, 2015, a 4.40% increase since the 2010 United States Census. The 2010 census put Montana's population at 989,415 which is an increase of 43,534 people, or 4.40 percent, since 2010. During the first decade of the new century... | What city saw the largest growth? | {
"answer_start": [
561
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"text": [
"Kalispell"
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} | What city saw the largest growth? | [
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573424d74776f41900661949 | Montana | In 1940, Jeannette Rankin had once again been elected to Congress, and in 1941, as she did in 1917, she voted against the United States' declaration of war. This time she was the only vote against the war, and in the wake of public outcry over her vote, she required police protection for a time. Other pacifists tended ... | What year was Jeannette Rankin vote against war the first time? | {
"answer_start": [
94
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"text": [
"1917"
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} | What year was [MASK] vote against war the [MASK] time? | [
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573424d74776f4190066194a | Montana | In 1940, Jeannette Rankin had once again been elected to Congress, and in 1941, as she did in 1917, she voted against the United States' declaration of war. This time she was the only vote against the war, and in the wake of public outcry over her vote, she required police protection for a time. Other pacifists tended ... | When did she vote a second time against war? | {
"answer_start": [
74
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"text": [
"1941"
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} | When did she vote a [MASK] time against war? | [
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573424d74776f4190066194b | Montana | In 1940, Jeannette Rankin had once again been elected to Congress, and in 1941, as she did in 1917, she voted against the United States' declaration of war. This time she was the only vote against the war, and in the wake of public outcry over her vote, she required police protection for a time. Other pacifists tended ... | What were conscientious objectors sent to Montana to do? | {
"answer_start": [
504
],
"text": [
"smokejumpers and for other forest fire-fighting duties."
]
} | What were conscientious objectors sent to [MASK] to do? | [
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573425624776f41900661959 | Montana | Simultaneously with these conflicts, bison, a keystone species and the primary protein source that Native people had survived on for centuries were being destroyed. Some estimates say there were over 13 million bison in Montana in 1870. In 1875, General Philip Sheridan pleaded to a joint session of Congress to authoriz... | About how many bison were in Montana in 1870? | {
"answer_start": [
195
],
"text": [
"over 13 million"
]
} | About how many bison were in [MASK] in [MASK]? | [
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573425624776f4190066195a | Montana | Simultaneously with these conflicts, bison, a keystone species and the primary protein source that Native people had survived on for centuries were being destroyed. Some estimates say there were over 13 million bison in Montana in 1870. In 1875, General Philip Sheridan pleaded to a joint session of Congress to authoriz... | In 1884 about how many bison remained? | {
"answer_start": [
484
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"text": [
"about 325"
]
} | In [MASK] about how many bison remained? | [
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573425624776f4190066195b | Montana | Simultaneously with these conflicts, bison, a keystone species and the primary protein source that Native people had survived on for centuries were being destroyed. Some estimates say there were over 13 million bison in Montana in 1870. In 1875, General Philip Sheridan pleaded to a joint session of Congress to authoriz... | Who pleaded to Congress for slaughtering bison? | {
"answer_start": [
246
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"text": [
"General Philip Sheridan"
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} | Who pleaded to [MASK] for slaughtering bison? | [
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573425624776f4190066195c | Montana | Simultaneously with these conflicts, bison, a keystone species and the primary protein source that Native people had survived on for centuries were being destroyed. Some estimates say there were over 13 million bison in Montana in 1870. In 1875, General Philip Sheridan pleaded to a joint session of Congress to authoriz... | What year did General Sheridan approach Congress about killing bison? | {
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240
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"text": [
"1875"
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} | What year did General [MASK] approach [MASK] about killing bison? | [
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573425f84776f41900661969 | Montana | Tracks of the Northern Pacific Railroad (NPR) reached Montana from the west in 1881 and from the east in 1882. However, the railroad played a major role in sparking tensions with Native American tribes in the 1870s. Jay Cooke, the NPR president launched major surveys into the Yellowstone valley in 1871, 1872 and 1873 w... | When did the Northern Pacific Railroad reach Montana from the west? | {
"answer_start": [
79
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"text": [
"1881"
]
} | When did [MASK] reach [MASK] from the west? | [
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573425f84776f4190066196a | Montana | Tracks of the Northern Pacific Railroad (NPR) reached Montana from the west in 1881 and from the east in 1882. However, the railroad played a major role in sparking tensions with Native American tribes in the 1870s. Jay Cooke, the NPR president launched major surveys into the Yellowstone valley in 1871, 1872 and 1873 w... | When did the Northern Pacific Railroad reach Montana from the east? | {
"answer_start": [
105
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"text": [
"1882"
]
} | When did [MASK] reach [MASK] from the east? | [
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573425f84776f4190066196b | Montana | Tracks of the Northern Pacific Railroad (NPR) reached Montana from the west in 1881 and from the east in 1882. However, the railroad played a major role in sparking tensions with Native American tribes in the 1870s. Jay Cooke, the NPR president launched major surveys into the Yellowstone valley in 1871, 1872 and 1873 w... | What years were the railroad challenged by Chief Sitting Bull? | {
"answer_start": [
299
],
"text": [
"1871, 1872 and 1873"
]
} | What years were the railroad challenged by Chief Sitting Bull? | [
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573425f84776f4190066196c | Montana | Tracks of the Northern Pacific Railroad (NPR) reached Montana from the west in 1881 and from the east in 1882. However, the railroad played a major role in sparking tensions with Native American tribes in the 1870s. Jay Cooke, the NPR president launched major surveys into the Yellowstone valley in 1871, 1872 and 1873 w... | What year was the Great White Sioux War? | {
"answer_start": [
572
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573425f84776f4190066196d | Montana | Tracks of the Northern Pacific Railroad (NPR) reached Montana from the west in 1881 and from the east in 1882. However, the railroad played a major role in sparking tensions with Native American tribes in the 1870s. Jay Cooke, the NPR president launched major surveys into the Yellowstone valley in 1871, 1872 and 1873 w... | When was the transcontinental National Pacific Railroad finished? | {
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573426864776f4190066197d | Montana | Under Territorial Governor Thomas Meagher, Montanans held a constitutional convention in 1866 in a failed bid for statehood. A second constitutional convention was held in Helena in 1884 that produced a constitution ratified 3:1 by Montana citizens in November 1884. For political reasons, Congress did not approve Monta... | When was the first constitutional convention held in Montana? | {
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573426864776f4190066197e | Montana | Under Territorial Governor Thomas Meagher, Montanans held a constitutional convention in 1866 in a failed bid for statehood. A second constitutional convention was held in Helena in 1884 that produced a constitution ratified 3:1 by Montana citizens in November 1884. For political reasons, Congress did not approve Monta... | Why was this constitutional convention held? | {
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573426864776f4190066197f | Montana | Under Territorial Governor Thomas Meagher, Montanans held a constitutional convention in 1866 in a failed bid for statehood. A second constitutional convention was held in Helena in 1884 that produced a constitution ratified 3:1 by Montana citizens in November 1884. For political reasons, Congress did not approve Monta... | When was the second constitutional convention held? | {
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573426864776f41900661980 | Montana | Under Territorial Governor Thomas Meagher, Montanans held a constitutional convention in 1866 in a failed bid for statehood. A second constitutional convention was held in Helena in 1884 that produced a constitution ratified 3:1 by Montana citizens in November 1884. For political reasons, Congress did not approve Monta... | What year was Montana's statehood approved? | {
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573426864776f41900661981 | Montana | Under Territorial Governor Thomas Meagher, Montanans held a constitutional convention in 1866 in a failed bid for statehood. A second constitutional convention was held in Helena in 1884 that produced a constitution ratified 3:1 by Montana citizens in November 1884. For political reasons, Congress did not approve Monta... | What other three states were approved in the same year? | {
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"text": [
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} | What other [MASK] states were approved in [MASK]? | [
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573426e6d058e614000b6a20 | Montana | The Homestead Act of 1862 provided free land to settlers who could claim and "prove-up" 160 acres (0.65 km2) of federal land in the midwest and western United States. Montana did not see a large influx of immigrants from this act because 160 acres was usually insufficient to support a family in the arid territory. The ... | What year did the Homestead Act provide land to settlers? | {
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21
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"text": [
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} | What year did [MASK] provide land to settlers? | [
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573426e6d058e614000b6a21 | Montana | The Homestead Act of 1862 provided free land to settlers who could claim and "prove-up" 160 acres (0.65 km2) of federal land in the midwest and western United States. Montana did not see a large influx of immigrants from this act because 160 acres was usually insufficient to support a family in the arid territory. The ... | How much land did the Homestead Act allow? | {
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88
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"text": [
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} | How much land did [MASK] allow? | [
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573426e6d058e614000b6a22 | Montana | The Homestead Act of 1862 provided free land to settlers who could claim and "prove-up" 160 acres (0.65 km2) of federal land in the midwest and western United States. Montana did not see a large influx of immigrants from this act because 160 acres was usually insufficient to support a family in the arid territory. The ... | What year was the first homestead claim claimed? | {
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410
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"text": [
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} | What year was the [MASK] homestead claim claimed? | [
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57342785d058e614000b6a2e | Montana | The Desert Land Act of 1877 was passed to allow settlement of arid lands in the west and allotted 640 acres (2.6 km2) to settlers for a fee of $.25 per acre and a promise to irrigate the land. After three years, a fee of one dollar per acre would be paid and the land would be owned by the settler. This act brought most... | When was the Desert Land Act passed? | {
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23
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57342785d058e614000b6a2f | Montana | The Desert Land Act of 1877 was passed to allow settlement of arid lands in the west and allotted 640 acres (2.6 km2) to settlers for a fee of $.25 per acre and a promise to irrigate the land. After three years, a fee of one dollar per acre would be paid and the land would be owned by the settler. This act brought most... | How much land did the Desert Land Act allot? | {
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98
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57342785d058e614000b6a30 | Montana | The Desert Land Act of 1877 was passed to allow settlement of arid lands in the west and allotted 640 acres (2.6 km2) to settlers for a fee of $.25 per acre and a promise to irrigate the land. After three years, a fee of one dollar per acre would be paid and the land would be owned by the settler. This act brought most... | How much was the charge per acre at first? | {
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"text": [
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} | How much was the charge per acre at [MASK]? | [
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57342802d058e614000b6a40 | Montana | In the early 1900s, James J. Hill of the Great Northern began promoting settlement in the Montana prairie to fill his trains with settlers and goods. Other railroads followed suit. In 1902, the Reclamation Act was passed, allowing irrigation projects to be built in Montana's eastern river valleys. In 1909, Congress pas... | Who promoted settlement in Montana in the early 1900s | {
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"text": [
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57342802d058e614000b6a41 | Montana | In the early 1900s, James J. Hill of the Great Northern began promoting settlement in the Montana prairie to fill his trains with settlers and goods. Other railroads followed suit. In 1902, the Reclamation Act was passed, allowing irrigation projects to be built in Montana's eastern river valleys. In 1909, Congress pas... | In what year was the Reclamation Act passed? | {
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} | In what year was [MASK] passed? | [
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57342802d058e614000b6a42 | Montana | In the early 1900s, James J. Hill of the Great Northern began promoting settlement in the Montana prairie to fill his trains with settlers and goods. Other railroads followed suit. In 1902, the Reclamation Act was passed, allowing irrigation projects to be built in Montana's eastern river valleys. In 1909, Congress pas... | What year was the Enlarged Homestead Act passed? | {
"answer_start": [
302
],
"text": [
"1909"
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} | What year was [MASK] passed? | [
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0.33179956674575806... | North Carolina Museum of Art, occupying a large suburban campus on Blue Ridge Road near the North Carolina State Fairgrounds, maintains one of the premier public art collections located between Washington, D.C., and Atlanta. In addition to its extensive collections of American Art, European Art and ancient art, the mus... | In 1872, the Central Pacific Railroad established a station near Easterby's—by now a hugely productive wheat farm—for its new Southern Pacific line. Soon there was a store around the station and the store grew the town of Fresno Station, later called Fresno. Many Millerton residents, drawn by the convenience of the rai... | The first such boom, covering the early years of the city, rode on the lumber industry. (During this period the road now known as Yesler Way won the nickname "Skid Road", supposedly after the timber skidding down the hill to Henry Yesler's sawmill. The later dereliction of the area may be a possible origin for the term... | 1909 | 1,165 |
57342802d058e614000b6a43 | Montana | In the early 1900s, James J. Hill of the Great Northern began promoting settlement in the Montana prairie to fill his trains with settlers and goods. Other railroads followed suit. In 1902, the Reclamation Act was passed, allowing irrigation projects to be built in Montana's eastern river valleys. In 1909, Congress pas... | How much land was alloted in the new Enlarged Homestead Act? | {
"answer_start": [
401
],
"text": [
"320 acres"
]
} | How much land was alloted in the new [MASK]? | [
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0.030639866366... | After the preamble comes numbered articles, which contain the substance of the parties' actual agreement. Each article heading usually encompasses a paragraph. A long treaty may further group articles under chapter headings. | In 1872, the Central Pacific Railroad established a station near Easterby's—by now a hugely productive wheat farm—for its new Southern Pacific line. Soon there was a store around the station and the store grew the town of Fresno Station, later called Fresno. Many Millerton residents, drawn by the convenience of the rai... | Investment in the city continued. The William Enston Home, a planned community for the city's aged and infirm, was built in 1889. An elaborate public building, the United States Post Office and Courthouse, was completed by the federal government in 1896 in the heart of the city. The Democrat-dominated state legislature... | 320 acres | 1,166 |
5734288c4776f419006619bf | Montana | In June 1917, the U.S. Congress passed the Espionage Act of 1917 which was later extended by the Sedition Act of 1918, enacted in May 1918. In February 1918, the Montana legislature had passed the Montana Sedition Act, which was a model for the federal version. In combination, these laws criminalized criticism of the U... | When did Congress pass the Espionage Act? | {
"answer_start": [
60
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"text": [
"1917"
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} | When did [MASK] pass [MASK]? | [
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5734288c4776f419006619c0 | Montana | In June 1917, the U.S. Congress passed the Espionage Act of 1917 which was later extended by the Sedition Act of 1918, enacted in May 1918. In February 1918, the Montana legislature had passed the Montana Sedition Act, which was a model for the federal version. In combination, these laws criminalized criticism of the U... | When was the Sedition Act passed? | {
"answer_start": [
113
],
"text": [
"1918"
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} | When was [MASK] passed? | [
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5734288c4776f419006619c1 | Montana | In June 1917, the U.S. Congress passed the Espionage Act of 1917 which was later extended by the Sedition Act of 1918, enacted in May 1918. In February 1918, the Montana legislature had passed the Montana Sedition Act, which was a model for the federal version. In combination, these laws criminalized criticism of the U... | What were these acts make do to laws? | {
"answer_start": [
289
],
"text": [
"criminalized criticism of the U.S. government, military, or symbols through speech or other means"
]
} | What were these acts make do to laws? | [
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5734288c4776f419006619c2 | Montana | In June 1917, the U.S. Congress passed the Espionage Act of 1917 which was later extended by the Sedition Act of 1918, enacted in May 1918. In February 1918, the Montana legislature had passed the Montana Sedition Act, which was a model for the federal version. In combination, these laws criminalized criticism of the U... | How many people were arrested from the Montana Act? | {
"answer_start": [
430
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"text": [
"200"
]
} | How many people were arrested from [MASK]? | [
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5734288c4776f419006619c3 | Montana | In June 1917, the U.S. Congress passed the Espionage Act of 1917 which was later extended by the Sedition Act of 1918, enacted in May 1918. In February 1918, the Montana legislature had passed the Montana Sedition Act, which was a model for the federal version. In combination, these laws criminalized criticism of the U... | How many of the 200 arrested in the Montana Act were convicted? | {
"answer_start": [
468
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"text": [
"78"
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} | How many of the [MASK] arrested in [MASK] were convicted? | [
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5734296dd058e614000b6a6e | Montana | When the U.S. entered World War II on December 8, 1941, many Montanans already had enlisted in the military to escape the poor national economy of the previous decade. Another 40,000-plus Montanans entered the armed forces in the first year following the declaration of war, and over 57,000 joined up before the war ende... | How many Montanans entered the miltary in the first year of the war? | {
"answer_start": [
176
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"text": [
"40,000-plus"
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} | How many [MASK] entered the miltary in [MASK] of the war? | [
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5734296dd058e614000b6a6f | Montana | When the U.S. entered World War II on December 8, 1941, many Montanans already had enlisted in the military to escape the poor national economy of the previous decade. Another 40,000-plus Montanans entered the armed forces in the first year following the declaration of war, and over 57,000 joined up before the war ende... | How many Montanans joined the military in the war total? | {
"answer_start": [
279
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"text": [
"over 57,000"
]
} | How many [MASK] joined the military in the war total? | [
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5734296dd058e614000b6a70 | Montana | When the U.S. entered World War II on December 8, 1941, many Montanans already had enlisted in the military to escape the poor national economy of the previous decade. Another 40,000-plus Montanans entered the armed forces in the first year following the declaration of war, and over 57,000 joined up before the war ende... | About how many Montanans died in the war? | {
"answer_start": [
609
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"text": [
"At least 1500"
]
} | About how many [MASK] died in the war? | [
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5734296dd058e614000b6a71 | Montana | When the U.S. entered World War II on December 8, 1941, many Montanans already had enlisted in the military to escape the poor national economy of the previous decade. Another 40,000-plus Montanans entered the armed forces in the first year following the declaration of war, and over 57,000 joined up before the war ende... | Who trained at the military grounds in Montana? | {
"answer_start": [
695
],
"text": [
"First Special Service Force or \"Devil's Brigade,\""
]
} | Who trained at the military grounds in [MASK]? | [
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5734296dd058e614000b6a72 | Montana | When the U.S. entered World War II on December 8, 1941, many Montanans already had enlisted in the military to escape the poor national economy of the previous decade. Another 40,000-plus Montanans entered the armed forces in the first year following the declaration of war, and over 57,000 joined up before the war ende... | Where were air bases built in Montana? | {
"answer_start": [
926
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"text": [
"Great Falls, Lewistown, Cut Bank and Glasgow"
]
} | Where were air bases built in [MASK]? | [
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5733bdc4d058e614000b61a3 | Genocide | The phrase "in whole or in part" has been subject to much discussion by scholars of international humanitarian law. The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia found in Prosecutor v. Radislav Krstic – Trial Chamber I – Judgment – IT-98-33 (2001) ICTY8 (2 August 2001) that Genocide had been committed. ... | In the judgement, it is stated that the aim of the Genocide Convention, at its most simplest, is preventing the destruction of which victims? | {
"answer_start": [
629
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"text": [
"entire human groups"
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} | In the judgement, it is stated that the aim of [MASK], at its most simplest, is preventing the destruction of which victims? | [
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5733bdc4d058e614000b61a4 | Genocide | The phrase "in whole or in part" has been subject to much discussion by scholars of international humanitarian law. The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia found in Prosecutor v. Radislav Krstic – Trial Chamber I – Judgment – IT-98-33 (2001) ICTY8 (2 August 2001) that Genocide had been committed. ... | In addressing the issue of "in part," the Appeals Chamber found that the part must be a substantial part of what? | {
"answer_start": [
537
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"text": [
"that group"
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} | In addressing the issue of" in part," [MASK] found that the part must be a substantial part of what? | [
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5733bdc4d058e614000b61a1 | Genocide | The phrase "in whole or in part" has been subject to much discussion by scholars of international humanitarian law. The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia found in Prosecutor v. Radislav Krstic – Trial Chamber I – Judgment – IT-98-33 (2001) ICTY8 (2 August 2001) that Genocide had been committed. ... | Which phrase is especially contentious within international humanitarian law? | {
"answer_start": [
11
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"text": [
"\"in whole or in part\""
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} | Which phrase is especially contentious within international humanitarian law? | [
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0.1896693855... | The Arabic term ijāzat al-tadrīs was awarded to Islamic scholars who were qualified to teach. According to Makdisi, the Latin title licentia docendi 'licence to teach' in the European university may have been a translation of the Arabic, but the underlying concept was very different. A significant difference between th... | Although it is generally accepted that EU law has primacy, not all EU laws give citizens standing to bring claims: that is, not all EU laws have "direct effect". In Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen it was held that the provisions of the Treaties (and EU Regulations) are directly effective, i... | Barbara Harff and Ted Gurr defined genocide as "the promotion and execution of policies by a state or its agents which result in the deaths of a substantial portion of a group ...[when] the victimized groups are defined primarily in terms of their communal characteristics, i.e., ethnicity, religion or nationality." Har... | "in whole or in part" | 1,179 |
5733bdc4d058e614000b61a2 | Genocide | The phrase "in whole or in part" has been subject to much discussion by scholars of international humanitarian law. The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia found in Prosecutor v. Radislav Krstic – Trial Chamber I – Judgment – IT-98-33 (2001) ICTY8 (2 August 2001) that Genocide had been committed. ... | What 2001 case was declared genocide by the International Criminal Tribune for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)? | {
"answer_start": [
187
],
"text": [
"Prosecutor v. Radislav Krstic"
]
} | What [MASK] case was declared genocide by [MASK]( [MASK])? | [
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5733bdc4d058e614000b61a5 | Genocide | The phrase "in whole or in part" has been subject to much discussion by scholars of international humanitarian law. The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia found in Prosecutor v. Radislav Krstic – Trial Chamber I – Judgment – IT-98-33 (2001) ICTY8 (2 August 2001) that Genocide had been committed. ... | Who contributed to guiding the Appeals chamber in its conclusion? | {
"answer_start": [
804
],
"text": [
"opinions of respected commentators"
]
} | Who contributed to guiding the Appeals chamber in its conclusion? | [
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5733ba844776f41900661146 | Genocide | In the same judgement the ECHR reviewed the judgements of several international and municipal courts judgements. It noted that International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the International Court of Justice had agreed with the narrow interpretation, that biological-physical destruction was necessary fo... | Two bodies of the United Nations agreed with what restricted provision in defining genocide? | {
"answer_start": [
267
],
"text": [
"that biological-physical destruction was necessary"
]
} | [MASK] bodies of [MASK] agreed with what restricted provision in defining genocide? | [
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5733ba844776f41900661149 | Genocide | In the same judgement the ECHR reviewed the judgements of several international and municipal courts judgements. It noted that International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the International Court of Justice had agreed with the narrow interpretation, that biological-physical destruction was necessary fo... | A definition of what, by the States, was necessary to preserve and expand genocidal law? | {
"answer_start": [
641
],
"text": [
"the type of group destruction"
]
} | A definition of what, by the [MASK], was necessary to preserve and expand genocidal law? | [
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0.13328795... | In April 2014, it was announced that GE was in talks to acquire the global power division of French engineering group Alstom for a figure of around $13 billion. A rival joint bid was submitted in June 2014 by Siemens and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) with Siemens seeking to acquire Alstom's gas turbine business for... | Generally speaking, while all member states recognise that EU law takes primacy over national law where this agreed in the Treaties, they do not accept that the Court of Justice has the final say on foundational constitutional questions affecting democracy and human rights. In the United Kingdom, the basic principle is... | Today, the Treaty of Lisbon prohibits anti-competitive agreements in Article 101(1), including price fixing. According to Article 101(2) any such agreements are automatically void. Article 101(3) establishes exemptions, if the collusion is for distributional or technological innovation, gives consumers a "fair share" o... | the type of group destruction | 1,183 |
5733ba844776f41900661147 | Genocide | In the same judgement the ECHR reviewed the judgements of several international and municipal courts judgements. It noted that International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the International Court of Justice had agreed with the narrow interpretation, that biological-physical destruction was necessary fo... | Which country's courts were noted by the ECHR for taking a wider stance on provisions of genocide laws? | {
"answer_start": [
429
],
"text": [
"Germany"
]
} | Which country 's courts were noted by the [MASK] for taking a wider stance on provisions of genocide laws? | [
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5733ba844776f41900661148 | Genocide | In the same judgement the ECHR reviewed the judgements of several international and municipal courts judgements. It noted that International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the International Court of Justice had agreed with the narrow interpretation, that biological-physical destruction was necessary fo... | The ECHR found most states to have largely undefined definitions of group destruction, despite what factor? | {
"answer_start": [
521
],
"text": [
"Convention States municipal laws"
]
} | The [MASK] found most states to have largely undefined definitions of group destruction, despite what factor? | [
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5733ba844776f41900661145 | Genocide | In the same judgement the ECHR reviewed the judgements of several international and municipal courts judgements. It noted that International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the International Court of Justice had agreed with the narrow interpretation, that biological-physical destruction was necessary fo... | In its preparations, what was the source of other considerations by the ECHR? | {
"answer_start": [
40
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"text": [
"the judgements of several international and municipal courts"
]
} | In its preparations, what was the source of other considerations by the [MASK]? | [
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57335849d058e614000b589a | Genocide | After the Holocaust, which had been perpetrated by the Nazi Germany and its allies prior to and during World War II, Lemkin successfully campaigned for the universal acceptance of international laws defining and forbidding genocides. In 1946, the first session of the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution... | In 1948, what general assembly resolution established genocide as a prosecutable act? | {
"answer_start": [
482
],
"text": [
"the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide"
]
} | In [MASK], what general assembly resolution established genocide as a prosecutable act? | [
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57335849d058e614000b5896 | Genocide | After the Holocaust, which had been perpetrated by the Nazi Germany and its allies prior to and during World War II, Lemkin successfully campaigned for the universal acceptance of international laws defining and forbidding genocides. In 1946, the first session of the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution... | In which war-era country was the Holocaust immortalized? | {
"answer_start": [
55
],
"text": [
"Nazi Germany"
]
} | In which war- era country was the [MASK] immortalized? | [
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57335849d058e614000b5897 | Genocide | After the Holocaust, which had been perpetrated by the Nazi Germany and its allies prior to and during World War II, Lemkin successfully campaigned for the universal acceptance of international laws defining and forbidding genocides. In 1946, the first session of the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution... | Following World War II, whose bid was successful in establishing the worldwide acceptance and the nascent legal definition of genocide? | {
"answer_start": [
117
],
"text": [
"Lemkin"
]
} | Following [MASK], whose bid was successful in establishing the worldwide acceptance and the nascent legal definition of genocide? | [
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57335849d058e614000b5898 | Genocide | After the Holocaust, which had been perpetrated by the Nazi Germany and its allies prior to and during World War II, Lemkin successfully campaigned for the universal acceptance of international laws defining and forbidding genocides. In 1946, the first session of the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution... | Which group convened officially for the first time in 1946? | {
"answer_start": [
268
],
"text": [
"United Nations General Assembly"
]
} | Which group convened officially for the [MASK] time in [MASK]? | [
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57335849d058e614000b5899 | Genocide | After the Holocaust, which had been perpetrated by the Nazi Germany and its allies prior to and during World War II, Lemkin successfully campaigned for the universal acceptance of international laws defining and forbidding genocides. In 1946, the first session of the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution... | While recognizing genocide, what did the UN General Assembly fail to do in its resolution? | {
"answer_start": [
400
],
"text": [
"provide a legal definition of the crime"
]
} | While recognizing genocide, what did [MASK] fail to do in its resolution? | [
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0.157027453... | Napoleon could be considered one of the founders of modern Germany. After dissolving the Holy Roman Empire, he reduced the number of German states from 300 to less than 50, paving the way to German Unification. A byproduct of the French occupation was a strong development in German nationalism. Napoleon also significan... | But Amnesty International found no evidence that UNFPA had supported the coercion. A 2001 study conducted by the pro-life Population Research Institute (PRI) falsely claimed that the UNFPA shared an office with the Chinese family planning officials who were carrying out forced abortions. "We located the family planning... | According to R. J. Rummel, genocide has 3 different meanings. The ordinary meaning is murder by government of people due to their national, ethnic, racial, or religious group membership. The legal meaning of genocide refers to the international treaty, the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Gen... | provide a legal definition of the crime | 1,191 |
573392e24776f41900660d9c | Genocide | The first draft of the Convention included political killings, but these provisions were removed in a political and diplomatic compromise following objections from some countries, including the USSR, a permanent security council member. The USSR argued that the Convention's definition should follow the etymology of the... | Which provision was initially included in the first write-up of the Convention and then removed? | {
"answer_start": [
43
],
"text": [
"political killings"
]
} | Which provision was initially included in the [MASK] write- up of the [MASK] and then removed? | [
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573392e24776f41900660d9d | Genocide | The first draft of the Convention included political killings, but these provisions were removed in a political and diplomatic compromise following objections from some countries, including the USSR, a permanent security council member. The USSR argued that the Convention's definition should follow the etymology of the... | What is one of the countries that objected to the inclusion of political killings in the early version of the Convention? | {
"answer_start": [
194
],
"text": [
"USSR"
]
} | What is [MASK] of the countries that objected to the inclusion of political killings in the early version of the [MASK]? | [
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573392e24776f41900660d9f | Genocide | The first draft of the Convention included political killings, but these provisions were removed in a political and diplomatic compromise following objections from some countries, including the USSR, a permanent security council member. The USSR argued that the Convention's definition should follow the etymology of the... | What was the primary concern of other nations who objected to including political groups in the definition of genocide? | {
"answer_start": [
486
],
"text": [
"international intervention in domestic politics"
]
} | What was the primary concern of other nations who objected to including political groups in the definition of genocide? | [
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0.170784264... | One of the first incidents of the book being challenged was in Hanover, Virginia, in 1966: a parent protested that the use of rape as a plot device was immoral. Johnson cites examples of letters to local newspapers, which ranged from amusement to fury; those letters expressing the most outrage, however, complained abou... | Memories of the Nazi occupation were still strong, and the rearmament of Germany was feared by France too. On 30 August 1954 French Parliament rejected the EDC, thus ensuring its failure and blocking a major objective of US policy towards Europe: to associate Germany militarily with the West. The US Department of State... | Jonassohn and Björnson postulate that the major reason why no single generally accepted genocide definition has emerged is because academics have adjusted their focus to emphasise different periods and have found it expedient to use slightly different definitions to help them interpret events. For example, Frank Chalk ... | international intervention in domestic politics | 1,194 |
573392e24776f41900660da0 | Genocide | The first draft of the Convention included political killings, but these provisions were removed in a political and diplomatic compromise following objections from some countries, including the USSR, a permanent security council member. The USSR argued that the Convention's definition should follow the etymology of the... | Which distinguished academic of genocide highlighted several other countries opposed to including political genocide in the Convention? | {
"answer_start": [
568
],
"text": [
"William Schabas"
]
} | Which distinguished academic of genocide highlighted several other countries opposed to including political genocide in the [MASK]? | [
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573392e24776f41900660d9e | Genocide | The first draft of the Convention included political killings, but these provisions were removed in a political and diplomatic compromise following objections from some countries, including the USSR, a permanent security council member. The USSR argued that the Convention's definition should follow the etymology of the... | What atrocity motivated a self-serving USSR to object to the provision of political killings drafted into the Convention? | {
"answer_start": [
381
],
"text": [
"its own Great Purge"
]
} | What atrocity motivated a self- serving [MASK] to object to the provision of political killings drafted into the [MASK]? | [
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0.0229148... | In its April 2010 report, Progressive ethics watchdog group Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington named Schwarzenegger one of 11 "worst governors" in the United States because of various ethics issues throughout Schwarzenegger's term as governor. | Memories of the Nazi occupation were still strong, and the rearmament of Germany was feared by France too. On 30 August 1954 French Parliament rejected the EDC, thus ensuring its failure and blocking a major objective of US policy towards Europe: to associate Germany militarily with the West. The US Department of State... | Before the pact's announcement, Communists in the West denied that such a treaty would be signed. Future member of the Hollywood Ten Herbert Biberman denounced rumors as "Fascist propaganda". Earl Browder, head of the Communist Party USA, stated that "there is as much chance of agreement as of Earl Browder being electe... | its own Great Purge | 1,196 |
5733963c4776f41900660df7 | Genocide | In 2007 the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), noted in its judgement on Jorgic v. Germany case that in 1992 the majority of legal scholars took the narrow view that "intent to destroy" in the CPPCG meant the intended physical-biological destruction of the protected group and that this was still the majority opinio... | Which group was accused by the ECHR of having an overly constricted idea of the meaning of destruction in defining genocide? | {
"answer_start": [
117
],
"text": [
"majority of legal scholars"
]
} | Which group was accused by the [MASK] of having an overly constricted idea of the meaning of destruction in defining genocide? | [
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0.423162609338... | A substantial number of artists and other figures have been influenced by, or complimented, West's work, including hip hop artists RZA of Wu-Tang Clan, Chuck D of Public Enemy, and DJ Premier of Gang Starr. Both Drake and Casey Veggies have acknowledged being influenced directly by West. Non-rap artists such as English... | According to Sheldon Ungar's comparison with global warming, the actors in the ozone depletion case had a better understanding of scientific ignorance and uncertainties. The ozone case communicated to lay persons "with easy-to-understand bridging metaphors derived from the popular culture" and related to "immediate ris... | Jonassohn and Björnson postulate that the major reason why no single generally accepted genocide definition has emerged is because academics have adjusted their focus to emphasise different periods and have found it expedient to use slightly different definitions to help them interpret events. For example, Frank Chalk ... | majority of legal scholars | 1,197 |
5733963c4776f41900660df9 | Genocide | In 2007 the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), noted in its judgement on Jorgic v. Germany case that in 1992 the majority of legal scholars took the narrow view that "intent to destroy" in the CPPCG meant the intended physical-biological destruction of the protected group and that this was still the majority opinio... | What groups did the ECHR feel should be included as potential victims of genocide? | {
"answer_start": [
477
],
"text": [
"national, racial, religious or ethnic"
]
} | What groups did the [MASK] feel should be included as potential victims of genocide? | [
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5733963c4776f41900660df6 | Genocide | In 2007 the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), noted in its judgement on Jorgic v. Germany case that in 1992 the majority of legal scholars took the narrow view that "intent to destroy" in the CPPCG meant the intended physical-biological destruction of the protected group and that this was still the majority opinio... | In 2007 what former case did the European Court of Human Rights draw on to further refine qualifiers of genocide? | {
"answer_start": [
77
],
"text": [
"Jorgic v. Germany"
]
} | In [MASK] what former case did [MASK] draw on to further refine qualifiers of genocide? | [
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0.31724837... | While the majority of flowers are perfect or hermaphrodite (having both pollen and ovule producing parts in the same flower structure), flowering plants have developed numerous morphological and physiological mechanisms to reduce or prevent self-fertilization. Heteromorphic flowers have short carpels and long stamens, ... | According to Sheldon Ungar's comparison with global warming, the actors in the ozone depletion case had a better understanding of scientific ignorance and uncertainties. The ozone case communicated to lay persons "with easy-to-understand bridging metaphors derived from the popular culture" and related to "immediate ris... | According to Sheldon Ungar's comparison with global warming, the actors in the ozone depletion case had a better understanding of scientific ignorance and uncertainties. The ozone case communicated to lay persons "with easy-to-understand bridging metaphors derived from the popular culture" and related to "immediate ris... | Jorgic v. Germany | 1,199 |
5733963c4776f41900660df8 | Genocide | In 2007 the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), noted in its judgement on Jorgic v. Germany case that in 1992 the majority of legal scholars took the narrow view that "intent to destroy" in the CPPCG meant the intended physical-biological destruction of the protected group and that this was still the majority opinio... | What form of destruction was considered too limited by a smaller group of experts? | {
"answer_start": [
404
],
"text": [
"biological-physical"
]
} | What form of destruction was considered too limited by a smaller group of experts? | [
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0.11207937449... | In the 20th century, Greek composers have had a significant impact on the development of avant garde and modern classical music, with figures such as Iannis Xenakis, Nikos Skalkottas, and Dimitri Mitropoulos achieving international prominence. At the same time, composers and musicians such as Mikis Theodorakis, Manos H... | According to Sheldon Ungar's comparison with global warming, the actors in the ozone depletion case had a better understanding of scientific ignorance and uncertainties. The ozone case communicated to lay persons "with easy-to-understand bridging metaphors derived from the popular culture" and related to "immediate ris... | Some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities. Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities can be justified if it reflects "a larger challenge to the... | biological-physical | 1,200 |
573344334776f419006607d2 | Genocide | The word genocide was later included as a descriptive term to the process of indictment, but not yet as a formal legal term According to Lemming, genocide was defined as "a coordinated strategy to destroy a group of people, a process that could be accomplished through total annihilation as well as strategies that elimi... | Prior to being a formal legal term, how was the word "genocide" used in an indictment scenario? | {
"answer_start": [
37
],
"text": [
"as a descriptive term"
]
} | Prior to being a formal legal term, how was the word "genocide" used in an indictment scenario? | [
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0.073076590895... | The first such boom, covering the early years of the city, rode on the lumber industry. (During this period the road now known as Yesler Way won the nickname "Skid Road", supposedly after the timber skidding down the hill to Henry Yesler's sawmill. The later dereliction of the area may be a possible origin for the term... | In the United States, the practice of racial profiling has been ruled to be both unconstitutional and a violation of civil rights. There is active debate regarding the cause of a marked correlation between the recorded crimes, punishments meted out, and the country's populations. Many consider de facto racial profiling... | Beginning in the 18th century, the situation changed from more or less active persecution of religious services to a state of restricted toleration of other religions, as long as their services took place secretly in private churches. | as a descriptive term | 1,201 |
573344334776f419006607d3 | Genocide | The word genocide was later included as a descriptive term to the process of indictment, but not yet as a formal legal term According to Lemming, genocide was defined as "a coordinated strategy to destroy a group of people, a process that could be accomplished through total annihilation as well as strategies that elimi... | Who ultimately defined genocide as a series of strategies leading up to the annihilation of an entire group? | {
"answer_start": [
137
],
"text": [
"Lemming"
]
} | Who ultimately defined genocide as a series of strategies leading up to the annihilation of an entire group? | [
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0.1743050962... | Myanmar's armed forces are known as the Tatmadaw, which numbers 488,000. The Tatmadaw comprises the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force. The country ranked twelfth in the world for its number of active troops in service. The military is very influential in Myanmar, with all top cabinet and ministry posts usually held by ... | In the United States, the practice of racial profiling has been ruled to be both unconstitutional and a violation of civil rights. There is active debate regarding the cause of a marked correlation between the recorded crimes, punishments meted out, and the country's populations. Many consider de facto racial profiling... | A controversial aspect of imperialism is the defense and justification of empire-building based on seemingly rational grounds. J. A. Hobson identifies this justification on general grounds as: "It is desirable that the earth should be peopled, governed, and developed, as far as possible, by the races which can do this ... | Lemming | 1,202 |
573344334776f419006607d4 | Genocide | The word genocide was later included as a descriptive term to the process of indictment, but not yet as a formal legal term According to Lemming, genocide was defined as "a coordinated strategy to destroy a group of people, a process that could be accomplished through total annihilation as well as strategies that elimi... | Lemming's concept of genocide triggered legal action in which realm? | {
"answer_start": [
476
],
"text": [
"international relations and community"
]
} | [MASK] 's concept of genocide triggered legal action in which realm? | [
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0.25839874148368... | New Delhi has been selected as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under PM Narendra Modi's flagship Smart Cities Mission. | In the United States, the practice of racial profiling has been ruled to be both unconstitutional and a violation of civil rights. There is active debate regarding the cause of a marked correlation between the recorded crimes, punishments meted out, and the country's populations. Many consider de facto racial profiling... | The Holocaust (which roughly means "burnt whole") was the deliberate and systematic murder of millions of Jews and other "unwanted" during World War II by the Nazi regime in Germany. Several differing views exist regarding whether it was intended to occur from the war's beginning, or if the plans for it came about late... | international relations and community | 1,203 |
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