Datasets:

PrimeQA

/

clapnq

like 2

[ { "title": "Thar Desert", "text": "The Thar Desert extends between the Aravalli Hills in the north - east , the Great Rann of Kutch along the coast and the alluvial plains of the Indus River in the west and north - west . Most of the desert is covered by huge shifting sand dunes that receive sediments from the alluvial plains and the coast . The sand is highly mobile due to strong winds occurring before the onset of the monsoon . The Luni River is the only river integrated into the desert . Rainfall is limited to 100 -- 500 mm ( 3.9 -- 19.7 in ) per year , mostly falling from July to September . ", "sentences": [ "The Thar Desert extends between the Aravalli Hills in the north - east , the Great Rann of Kutch along the coast and the alluvial plains of the Indus River in the west and north - west .", "Most of the desert is covered by huge shifting sand dunes that receive sediments from the alluvial plains and the coast .", "The sand is highly mobile due to strong winds occurring before the onset of the monsoon .", "The Luni River is the only river integrated into the desert .", "Rainfall is limited to 100 -- 500 mm ( 3.9 -- 19.7 in ) per year , mostly falling from July to September ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Thar desert sand is highly mobile due to strong winds occurring before the onset of the monsoon. Rainfall is limited to 100 -- 500 mm (3.9 -- 19.7 in) per year, mostly falling from July to September.", "selected_sentences": [ "The sand is highly mobile due to strong winds occurring before the onset of the monsoon .", "Rainfall is limited to 100 -- 500 mm ( 3.9 -- 19.7 in ) per year , mostly falling from July to September ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The Thar Desert sees strong winds occurring before the onset of the monsoon. Rainfall is limited to 3.9 -- 19.7 in per year, mostly falling from July to September.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Thar Desert extends between the Aravalli Hills in the north - east , the Great Rann of Kutch along the coast and the alluvial plains of the Indus River in the west and north - west .", "The sand is highly mobile due to strong winds occurring before the onset of the monsoon .", "Rainfall is limited to 100 -- 500 mm ( 3.9 -- 19.7 in ) per year , mostly falling from July to September ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Republican Party (United States)", "text": "Founded in the Northern states in 1854 by anti-slavery activists , modernizers , ex Whigs and ex Free Soilers , the Republican Party quickly became the principal opposition to the dominant Democratic Party and the briefly popular Know Nothing Party . The main cause was opposition to the Kansas -- Nebraska Act , which repealed the Missouri Compromise by which slavery was kept out of Kansas . The Northern Republicans saw the expansion of slavery as a great evil . The first public meeting of the general anti-Nebraska movement where the name Republican was suggested for a new anti-slavery party was held on March 20 , 1854 in a schoolhouse in Ripon , Wisconsin . The name was partly chosen to pay homage to Thomas Jefferson 's Republican Party . ", "sentences": [ "Founded in the Northern states in 1854 by anti-slavery activists , modernizers , ex Whigs and ex Free Soilers , the Republican Party quickly became the principal opposition to the dominant Democratic Party and the briefly popular Know Nothing Party .", "The main cause was opposition to the Kansas -- Nebraska Act , which repealed the Missouri Compromise by which slavery was kept out of Kansas .", "The Northern Republicans saw the expansion of slavery as a great evil .", "The first public meeting of the general anti-Nebraska movement where the name Republican was suggested for a new anti-slavery party was held on March 20 , 1854 in a schoolhouse in Ripon , Wisconsin .", "The name was partly chosen to pay homage to Thomas Jefferson 's Republican Party ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Founded in the Northern states in 1854 by anti-slavery activists, modernizers, ex Whigs and ex Free Soilers, the Republican Party quickly became the principal opposition to the dominant Democratic Party and the briefly popular Know Nothing Party", "selected_sentences": [ "Founded in the Northern states in 1854 by anti-slavery activists , modernizers , ex Whigs and ex Free Soilers , the Republican Party quickly became the principal opposition to the dominant Democratic Party and the briefly popular Know Nothing Party .", "The name was partly chosen to pay homage to Thomas Jefferson 's Republican Party ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The Republican Part was founded in the Northern states in 1854 by anti-slavery activists , modernizers , ex Whigs and ex Free Soilers.", "selected_sentences": [ "Founded in the Northern states in 1854 by anti-slavery activists , modernizers , ex Whigs and ex Free Soilers , the Republican Party quickly became the principal opposition to the dominant Democratic Party and the briefly popular Know Nothing Party ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Data model", "text": "The logical data structure of a database management system ( DBMS ) , whether hierarchical , network , or relational , can not totally satisfy the requirements for a conceptual definition of data because it is limited in scope and biased toward the implementation strategy employed by the DBMS . Therefore , the need to define data from a conceptual view has led to the development of semantic data modeling techniques . That is , techniques to define the meaning of data within the context of its interrelationships with other data . As illustrated in the figure . The real world , in terms of resources , ideas , events , etc. , are symbolically defined within physical data stores . A semantic data model is an abstraction which defines how the stored symbols relate to the real world . Thus , the model must be a true representation of the real world . ", "sentences": [ "The logical data structure of a database management system ( DBMS ) , whether hierarchical , network , or relational , can not totally satisfy the requirements for a conceptual definition of data because it is limited in scope and biased toward the implementation strategy employed by the DBMS .", "Therefore , the need to define data from a conceptual view has led to the development of semantic data modeling techniques .", "That is , techniques to define the meaning of data within the context of its interrelationships with other data .", "As illustrated in the figure .", "The real world , in terms of resources , ideas , events , etc. , are symbolically defined within physical data stores .", "A semantic data model is an abstraction which defines how the stored symbols relate to the real world .", "Thus , the model must be a true representation of the real world ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The logical data structure of a database management system ( DBMS ) , whether hierarchical , network , or relational , can not totally satisfy the requirements for a conceptual definition of data because it is limited in scope and biased toward the implementation strategy employed by the DBMS . Therefore , the need to define data from a conceptual view has led to the development of semantic data modeling techniques . A semantic data model is an abstraction which defines how the stored symbols relate to the real world .", "selected_sentences": [ "The logical data structure of a database management system ( DBMS ) , whether hierarchical , network , or relational , can not totally satisfy the requirements for a conceptual definition of data because it is limited in scope and biased toward the implementation strategy employed by the DBMS .", "Therefore , the need to define data from a conceptual view has led to the development of semantic data modeling techniques .", "A semantic data model is an abstraction which defines how the stored symbols relate to the real world ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The logical data structure of a database management system ( DBMS ) can not totally satisfy the requirements for a conceptual definition of data because it is limited in scope and biased toward the implementation strategy employed by the DBMS . Therefore , the need to define data from a conceptual view has led to the development of semantic data modeling techniques . A semantic data model is an abstraction which defines how the stored symbols relate to the real world .", "selected_sentences": [ "The logical data structure of a database management system ( DBMS ) , whether hierarchical , network , or relational , can not totally satisfy the requirements for a conceptual definition of data because it is limited in scope and biased toward the implementation strategy employed by the DBMS .", "Therefore , the need to define data from a conceptual view has led to the development of semantic data modeling techniques .", "A semantic data model is an abstraction which defines how the stored symbols relate to the real world ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Indentured servitude", "text": "Between one - half and two - thirds of white immigrants to the American colonies between the 1630s and American Revolution had come under indentures . However , while almost half the European immigrants to the Thirteen Colonies were indentured servants , at any one time they were outnumbered by workers who had never been indentured , or whose indenture had expired , and thus free wage labor was the more prevalent for Europeans in the colonies . Indentured people were numerically important mostly in the region from Virginia north to New Jersey . Other colonies saw far fewer of them . The total number of European immigrants to all 13 colonies before 1775 was about 500,000 ; of these 55,000 were involuntary prisoners . Of the 450,000 or so European arrivals who came voluntarily , Tomlins estimates that 48 % were indentured . About 75 % of these were under the age of 25 . The age of adulthood for men was 24 years ( not 21 ) ; those over 24 generally came on contracts lasting about 3 years . Regarding the children who came , Gary Nash reports that `` many of the servants were actually nephews , nieces , cousins and children of friends of emigrating Englishmen , who paid their passage in return for their labor once in America . '' ", "sentences": [ "Between one - half and two - thirds of white immigrants to the American colonies between the 1630s and American Revolution had come under indentures .", "However , while almost half the European immigrants to the Thirteen Colonies were indentured servants , at any one time they were outnumbered by workers who had never been indentured , or whose indenture had expired , and thus free wage labor was the more prevalent for Europeans in the colonies .", "Indentured people were numerically important mostly in the region from Virginia north to New Jersey .", "Other colonies saw far fewer of them .", "The total number of European immigrants to all 13 colonies before 1775 was about 500,000 ; of these 55,000 were involuntary prisoners .", "Of the 450,000 or so European arrivals who came voluntarily , Tomlins estimates that 48 % were indentured .", "About 75 % of these were under the age of 25 .", "The age of adulthood for men was 24 years ( not 21 ) ; those over 24 generally came on contracts lasting about 3 years .", "Regarding the children who came , Gary Nash reports that `` many of the servants were actually nephews , nieces , cousins and children of friends of emigrating Englishmen , who paid their passage in return for their labor once in America . ''" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "While almost half the European immigrants to the Thirteen Colonies were indentured servants , at any one time they were outnumbered by workers who had never been indentured , or whose indenture had expired , and thus free wage labor was the more prevalent for Europeans in the colonies . Regarding the children who came , Gary Nash reports that `` many of the servants were actually nephews , nieces , cousins and children of friends of emigrating Englishmen , who paid their passage in return for their labor once in America . ''", "selected_sentences": [ "However , while almost half the European immigrants to the Thirteen Colonies were indentured servants , at any one time they were outnumbered by workers who had never been indentured , or whose indenture had expired , and thus free wage labor was the more prevalent for Europeans in the colonies .", "Regarding the children who came , Gary Nash reports that `` many of the servants were actually nephews , nieces , cousins and children of friends of emigrating Englishmen , who paid their passage in return for their labor once in America . ''" ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "History of Mexico", "text": "After a protracted struggle ( 1810 -- 21 ) for independence , New Spain became the sovereign nation of Mexico , with the signing of the Treaty of Córdoba . A brief period of monarchy ( 1821 -- 23 ) , called the First Mexican Empire , was followed by the founding of the Republic of Mexico , established under a federal constitution in 1824 . Legal racial categories were eliminated , abolishing the system of castas . Slavery was not abolished at independence in 1821 or with the constitution in 1824 , but was eliminated in 1829 . Mexico continues to be constituted as a federated republic , under the Mexican Constitution of 1917 . ", "sentences": [ "After a protracted struggle ( 1810 -- 21 ) for independence , New Spain became the sovereign nation of Mexico , with the signing of the Treaty of Córdoba .", "A brief period of monarchy ( 1821 -- 23 ) , called the First Mexican Empire , was followed by the founding of the Republic of Mexico , established under a federal constitution in 1824 .", "Legal racial categories were eliminated , abolishing the system of castas .", "Slavery was not abolished at independence in 1821 or with the constitution in 1824 , but was eliminated in 1829 .", "Mexico continues to be constituted as a federated republic , under the Mexican Constitution of 1917 ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "A brief period of monarchy (1821 - 23), called the First Mexican Empire, was followed by the founding of the Republic of Mexico, established under a federal constitution in 1824. Mexico continues to be constituted as a federated republic, under the Mexican Constitution of 1917.", "selected_sentences": [ "A brief period of monarchy ( 1821 -- 23 ) , called the First Mexican Empire , was followed by the founding of the Republic of Mexico , established under a federal constitution in 1824 .", "Mexico continues to be constituted as a federated republic , under the Mexican Constitution of 1917 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "In 1824, the Republic of Mexico, established under a federal constitution was founded following a monarchy period that lasted from 1821 to 1823. Mexico continues to be constituted as a federated republic , under the Mexican Constitution of 1917.", "selected_sentences": [ "A brief period of monarchy ( 1821 -- 23 ) , called the First Mexican Empire , was followed by the founding of the Republic of Mexico , established under a federal constitution in 1824 .", "Mexico continues to be constituted as a federated republic , under the Mexican Constitution of 1917 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Sabbath in Christianity", "text": "Early Christians continued to pray and rest on the seventh day . By the 2nd century AD some Christians also observed Sunday , the day of the week on which Jesus had risen from the dead and on which the Holy Spirit had come to the apostles . Paul and the Christians of Troas , for example , gathered on Sunday `` to break bread , '' Soon Christians were observing only Sunday and not the Sabbath . Patristic writings attest that by the second century , it had become commonplace to celebrate the Eucharist in a corporate day of worship on the first day . A Church Father , Eusebius , stated that for Christians , `` the sabbath had been transferred to Sunday '' . ", "sentences": [ "Early Christians continued to pray and rest on the seventh day .", "By the 2nd century AD some Christians also observed Sunday , the day of the week on which Jesus had risen from the dead and on which the Holy Spirit had come to the apostles .", "Paul and the Christians of Troas , for example , gathered on Sunday `` to break bread , '' Soon Christians were observing only Sunday and not the Sabbath .", "Patristic writings attest that by the second century , it had become commonplace to celebrate the Eucharist in a corporate day of worship on the first day .", "A Church Father , Eusebius , stated that for Christians , `` the sabbath had been transferred to Sunday '' ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Paul and the Christians of Troas, for example, gathered on Sunday ``to break bread''. Soon Christians were observing only Sunday and not the Sabbath. A Church Father, Eusebius, stated that for Christians, ``the sabbath had been transferred to Sunday''.", "selected_sentences": [ "Paul and the Christians of Troas , for example , gathered on Sunday `` to break bread , '' Soon Christians were observing only Sunday and not the Sabbath .", "A Church Father , Eusebius , stated that for Christians , `` the sabbath had been transferred to Sunday '' ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "By the 2nd century AD some Christians also observed Sunday. Paul and the Christians of Troas, for example, gathered on Sunday ``to break bread''. Soon Christians were observing only Sunday and not the Sabbath. A Church Father, Eusebius, stated that for Christians, ``the sabbath had been transferred to Sunday''.", "selected_sentences": [ "By the 2nd century AD some Christians also observed Sunday , the day of the week on which Jesus had risen from the dead and on which the Holy Spirit had come to the apostles .", "Paul and the Christians of Troas , for example , gathered on Sunday `` to break bread , '' Soon Christians were observing only Sunday and not the Sabbath .", "A Church Father , Eusebius , stated that for Christians , `` the sabbath had been transferred to Sunday '' ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Hardy (surname)", "text": "Hardy is an English and a French surname of Old French origin . Hardy comes from Old French hardi > French hardi meaning `` bold , courageous '' which comes from Old Frankish hardjan meaning `` to make hard . '' The final - y is also typical of the French proper names ( first names , surnames and place names , with the notable exception Henri , when it is a given name ) . The name could also be an Anglicized form of the Irish name Mac Giolla Deacair meaning ' son of the hard lad ' . Notable persons with that surname include : Contents ", "sentences": [ "Hardy is an English and a French surname of Old French origin .", "Hardy comes from Old French hardi > French hardi meaning `` bold , courageous '' which comes from Old Frankish hardjan meaning `` to make hard . ''", "The final - y is also typical of the French proper names ( first names , surnames and place names , with the notable exception Henri , when it is a given name ) .", "The name could also be an Anglicized form of the Irish name Mac Giolla Deacair meaning ' son of the hard lad ' .", "Notable persons with that surname include : Contents" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Hardy comes from Old French hardi > French hardi meaning ``bold, courageous'' which comes from Old Frankish hardjan meaning ``to make hard.'' The name could also be an Anglicized form of the Irish name Mac Giolla Deacair meaning 'son of the hard lad'.", "selected_sentences": [ "Hardy comes from Old French hardi > French hardi meaning `` bold , courageous '' which comes from Old Frankish hardjan meaning `` to make hard . ''", "The name could also be an Anglicized form of the Irish name Mac Giolla Deacair meaning ' son of the hard lad ' ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Hardy is an English and a French surname of Old French origin . It comes from Old French hardi > French hardi meaning ``bold, courageous'' which comes from Old Frankish hardjan meaning ``to make hard.'' The name could also be an Anglicized form of the Irish name Mac Giolla Deacair meaning 'son of the hard lad'.", "selected_sentences": [ "Hardy is an English and a French surname of Old French origin .", "Hardy comes from Old French hardi > French hardi meaning `` bold , courageous '' which comes from Old Frankish hardjan meaning `` to make hard . ''", "The name could also be an Anglicized form of the Irish name Mac Giolla Deacair meaning ' son of the hard lad ' ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Cakewalk", "text": "The cakewalk or cake walk was a dance developed from the `` prize walks '' held in the late 19th century , generally at get - togethers on black slave plantations after emancipation in the Southern United States . Alternative names for the original form of the dance were `` chalkline - walk '' , and the `` walk - around '' . At the conclusion of a performance of the original form of the dance in an exhibit at the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia , an enormous cake was awarded to the winning couple . Thereafter it was performed in minstrel shows , exclusively by men until the 1890s . The inclusion of women in the cast `` made possible all sorts of improvisations in the Walk , and the original was soon changed into a grotesque dance '' which became very popular across the country . ", "sentences": [ "The cakewalk or cake walk was a dance developed from the `` prize walks '' held in the late 19th century , generally at get - togethers on black slave plantations after emancipation in the Southern United States .", "Alternative names for the original form of the dance were `` chalkline - walk '' , and the `` walk - around '' .", "At the conclusion of a performance of the original form of the dance in an exhibit at the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia , an enormous cake was awarded to the winning couple .", "Thereafter it was performed in minstrel shows , exclusively by men until the 1890s .", "The inclusion of women in the cast `` made possible all sorts of improvisations in the Walk , and the original was soon changed into a grotesque dance '' which became very popular across the country ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The cakewalk or cake walk was a dance developed from the ``prize walks'' held in the late 19th century. At the conclusion of a performance of the original form of the dance in an exhibit at the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, an enormous cake was awarded to the winning couple.", "selected_sentences": [ "The cakewalk or cake walk was a dance developed from the `` prize walks '' held in the late 19th century , generally at get - togethers on black slave plantations after emancipation in the Southern United States .", "At the conclusion of a performance of the original form of the dance in an exhibit at the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia , an enormous cake was awarded to the winning couple ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Interstate 405 (California)", "text": "Interstate 405 begins at the El Toro Y interchange with Interstate 5 in southeastern Irvine . It then runs northwest through Orange County to Long Beach in Los Angeles County . The freeway then roughly follows the outline of the Pacific coast , varying between five and ten miles ( 16 km ) inland before crossing over the Sepulveda Pass in the Santa Monica Mountains . I - 405 next travels northerly through the San Fernando Valley , before its termination with I - 5 in the Mission Hills district of Los Angeles . Large portions of the route closely parallel Sepulveda Boulevard . The ", "sentences": [ "Interstate 405 begins at the El Toro Y interchange with Interstate 5 in southeastern Irvine .", "It then runs northwest through Orange County to Long Beach in Los Angeles County .", "The freeway then roughly follows the outline of the Pacific coast , varying between five and ten miles ( 16 km ) inland before crossing over the Sepulveda Pass in the Santa Monica Mountains .", "I - 405 next travels northerly through the San Fernando Valley , before its termination with I - 5 in the Mission Hills district of Los Angeles .", "Large portions of the route closely parallel Sepulveda Boulevard .", "The" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Interstate 405 begins at the El Toro Y interchange with Interstate 5 in southeastern Irvine . I - 405 next travels northerly through the San Fernando Valley , before its termination with I - 5 in the Mission Hills district of Los Angeles .", "selected_sentences": [ "Interstate 405 begins at the El Toro Y interchange with Interstate 5 in southeastern Irvine .", "I - 405 next travels northerly through the San Fernando Valley , before its termination with I - 5 in the Mission Hills district of Los Angeles ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Matthew 5:22", "text": "The word Raca is original to the Greek manuscript ; however , it is not a Greek word . The most common view is that it is a reference to the Aramaic word reka , which literally means `` empty one '' , but probably meant `` empty headed , '' or `` foolish . '' Scholars seem divided on how grievous an insult it was . Hill feels it was very , France thinks it was a minor slur . The word translated as fool is the Greek moros , which has a similar meaning to the Aramaic reka . However moros also was used to mean godless , and thus could be much more severe a term than reka . It is very similar to the Greek word for apostate , and Albright and Mann feel that this word was originally intended , but the current version is a typo . Read Ref. ; The reading of godless can explain why the punishment is more severe . Jesus uses the term himself in Bibleref Matthew 23 : 17 ; ( sticking the tribute were ? ) Nomenclature ; when he is deriding the Pharisees . ", "sentences": [ "The word Raca is original to the Greek manuscript ; however , it is not a Greek word .", "The most common view is that it is a reference to the Aramaic word reka , which literally means `` empty one '' , but probably meant `` empty headed , '' or `` foolish . ''", "Scholars seem divided on how grievous an insult it was .", "Hill feels it was very , France thinks it was a minor slur .", "The word translated as fool is the Greek moros , which has a similar meaning to the Aramaic reka .", "However moros also was used to mean godless , and thus could be much more severe a term than reka .", "It is very similar to the Greek word for apostate , and Albright and Mann feel that this word was originally intended , but the current version is a typo .", "Read Ref.", "; The reading of godless can explain why the punishment is more severe .", "Jesus uses the term himself in Bibleref Matthew 23 : 17 ; ( sticking the tribute were ? )", "Nomenclature ; when he is deriding the Pharisees ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The word Raca is original to the Greek manuscript means ``empty one'', but probably meant ``empty headed'' or ``foolish''. The word translated as fool is the Greek moros, moros also was used to mean godless. Jesus uses the term himself in Bible ref Matthew 23 : 17.", "selected_sentences": [ "The word Raca is original to the Greek manuscript ; however , it is not a Greek word .", "The most common view is that it is a reference to the Aramaic word reka , which literally means `` empty one '' , but probably meant `` empty headed , '' or `` foolish . ''", "The word translated as fool is the Greek moros , which has a similar meaning to the Aramaic reka .", "However moros also was used to mean godless , and thus could be much more severe a term than reka .", "Jesus uses the term himself in Bibleref Matthew 23 : 17 ; ( sticking the tribute were ? )" ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The word Raca is original to the Greek manuscript. It is a reference to the Aramaic word reka, which literally means `` empty one '', but probably meant `` empty headed, '' or `` foolish. '' The word translated as fool is the Greek moros, also means godless.", "selected_sentences": [ "The word Raca is original to the Greek manuscript ; however , it is not a Greek word .", "The most common view is that it is a reference to the Aramaic word reka , which literally means `` empty one '' , but probably meant `` empty headed , '' or `` foolish . ''", "The word translated as fool is the Greek moros , which has a similar meaning to the Aramaic reka .", "However moros also was used to mean godless , and thus could be much more severe a term than reka ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Elaine Benes", "text": "Unlike her three close friends , Elaine is absent from the pilot episode . Previously the female role was supposed to be Claire , the waitress at Pete 's Luncheonette played by Lee Garlington , but Monk 's Cafe replaced the luncheonette and Garlington was dropped from the role . Elaine first appears in `` The Stake Out , '' but in production order she appears in a final scene eating M&Ms in `` Male Unbonding . '' NBC executives felt the show was too male - centric , and demanded that Jerry Seinfeld and Larry David add a woman to the cast as a condition for commissioning the show , as revealed in the commentary on the Season 1 and 2 DVD . In addition to the first episode , Elaine does n't appear in `` The Trip '' and therefore appears in fewer episodes than George and Jerry . ", "sentences": [ "Unlike her three close friends , Elaine is absent from the pilot episode .", "Previously the female role was supposed to be Claire , the waitress at Pete 's Luncheonette played by Lee Garlington , but Monk 's Cafe replaced the luncheonette and Garlington was dropped from the role .", "Elaine first appears in `` The Stake Out , '' but in production order she appears in a final scene eating M&Ms in `` Male Unbonding . ''", "NBC executives felt the show was too male - centric , and demanded that Jerry Seinfeld and Larry David add a woman to the cast as a condition for commissioning the show , as revealed in the commentary on the Season 1 and 2 DVD .", "In addition to the first episode , Elaine does n't appear in `` The Trip '' and therefore appears in fewer episodes than George and Jerry ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Elaine is absent from the pilot episode. In addition, Elaine doesn't appear in ``The Trip.''", "selected_sentences": [ "Unlike her three close friends , Elaine is absent from the pilot episode .", "In addition to the first episode , Elaine does n't appear in `` The Trip '' and therefore appears in fewer episodes than George and Jerry ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Rita Repulsa", "text": "Rita Repulsa is a fictional character from the television series Mighty Morphin Power Rangers , and the principal nemesis and archenemy of the main superheroes in the show 's first season . She is portrayed in the first season by Machiko Soga and by Carla Perez in the remaining seasons , while voiced by Barbara Goodson in the series . Soga reprised her role as Rita , now the Mystic Mother , while Susan Brady provided her voice in TV series Power Rangers Mystic Force . In the films , she is portrayed by Julia Cortez in Mighty Morphin Power Rangers : The Movie , and by Elizabeth Banks in the 2017 reboot film . Rita Repulsa is based on the Kyōryū Sentai Zyuranger villain Witch Bandora . ", "sentences": [ "Rita Repulsa is a fictional character from the television series Mighty Morphin Power Rangers , and the principal nemesis and archenemy of the main superheroes in the show 's first season .", "She is portrayed in the first season by Machiko Soga and by Carla Perez in the remaining seasons , while voiced by Barbara Goodson in the series .", "Soga reprised her role as Rita , now the Mystic Mother , while Susan Brady provided her voice in TV series Power Rangers Mystic Force .", "In the films , she is portrayed by Julia Cortez in Mighty Morphin Power Rangers : The Movie , and by Elizabeth Banks in the 2017 reboot film .", "Rita Repulsa is based on the Kyōryū Sentai Zyuranger villain Witch Bandora ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Rita Repulsa is a fictional character from the television series Mighty Morphin Power Rangers. She is portrayed in the first season by Machiko Soga and by Carla Perez in the remaining seasons. In the films, she is portrayed by Julia Cortez and by Elizabeth Banks in the 2017 reboot film.", "selected_sentences": [ "Rita Repulsa is a fictional character from the television series Mighty Morphin Power Rangers , and the principal nemesis and archenemy of the main superheroes in the show 's first season .", "She is portrayed in the first season by Machiko Soga and by Carla Perez in the remaining seasons , while voiced by Barbara Goodson in the series .", "In the films , she is portrayed by Julia Cortez in Mighty Morphin Power Rangers : The Movie , and by Elizabeth Banks in the 2017 reboot film ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Rita Repulsa is the principal nemesis and archenemy of the main superheroes in the Mighty Morphin Power Rangers.", "selected_sentences": [ "Rita Repulsa is a fictional character from the television series Mighty Morphin Power Rangers , and the principal nemesis and archenemy of the main superheroes in the show 's first season ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "The Bachelor (season 13)", "text": "During the `` After the Final Rose '' special , which was taped six weeks after filming ended , and aired immediately after the season finale , Jason Mesnick told Chris Harrison that he felt the chemistry with Melissa changed and that he would break up with her and then ask Molly to give him another chance . Jason explained to Melissa how he was feeling . After some arguing , she then gave him his ring back , asked him to leave her alone , and left . During Chris ' interview with Molly , she admitted she still loved Jason . Jason told Molly that he broke up with Melissa and that he had n't been able to stop thinking about her . He asked her if they could have another shot and he admitted that he still loved her . She agreed to `` see where things go . '' ", "sentences": [ "During the `` After the Final Rose '' special , which was taped six weeks after filming ended , and aired immediately after the season finale , Jason Mesnick told Chris Harrison that he felt the chemistry with Melissa changed and that he would break up with her and then ask Molly to give him another chance .", "Jason explained to Melissa how he was feeling .", "After some arguing , she then gave him his ring back , asked him to leave her alone , and left .", "During Chris ' interview with Molly , she admitted she still loved Jason .", "Jason told Molly that he broke up with Melissa and that he had n't been able to stop thinking about her .", "He asked her if they could have another shot and he admitted that he still loved her .", "She agreed to `` see where things go . ''" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Jason Mesnick told Chris Harrison that he felt the chemistry with Melissa changed and that he would break up with her and then ask Molly to give him another chance. Jason explained to Melissa how he was feeling. After some arguing, she then gave him his ring back. Jason told Molly that he broke up with Melissa and that he hadn't been able to stop thinking about her. She agreed to ``see where things go.''", "selected_sentences": [ "During the `` After the Final Rose '' special , which was taped six weeks after filming ended , and aired immediately after the season finale , Jason Mesnick told Chris Harrison that he felt the chemistry with Melissa changed and that he would break up with her and then ask Molly to give him another chance .", "Jason explained to Melissa how he was feeling .", "After some arguing , she then gave him his ring back , asked him to leave her alone , and left .", "Jason told Molly that he broke up with Melissa and that he had n't been able to stop thinking about her .", "She agreed to `` see where things go . ''" ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Plasmodesma", "text": "Plasmodesmata ( singular : plasmodesma ) are microscopic channels which traverse the cell walls of plant cells and some algal cells , enabling transport and communication between them . Plasmodesmata evolved independently in several lineages , and species that have these structures include members of the Charophyceae , Charales , Coleochaetales and Phaeophyceae ( which are all algae ) , as well as all embryophytes , better known as land plants . Unlike animal cells , almost every plant cell is surrounded by a polysaccharide cell wall . Neighbouring plant cells are therefore separated by a pair of cell walls and the intervening middle lamella , forming an extracellular domain known as the apoplast . Although cell walls are permeable to small soluble proteins and other solutes , plasmodesmata enable direct , regulated , symplastic transport of substances between cells . There are two forms of plasmodesmata : primary plasmodesmata , which are formed during cell division , and secondary plasmodesmata , which can form between mature cells . ", "sentences": [ "Plasmodesmata ( singular : plasmodesma ) are microscopic channels which traverse the cell walls of plant cells and some algal cells , enabling transport and communication between them .", "Plasmodesmata evolved independently in several lineages , and species that have these structures include members of the Charophyceae , Charales , Coleochaetales and Phaeophyceae ( which are all algae ) , as well as all embryophytes , better known as land plants .", "Unlike animal cells , almost every plant cell is surrounded by a polysaccharide cell wall .", "Neighbouring plant cells are therefore separated by a pair of cell walls and the intervening middle lamella , forming an extracellular domain known as the apoplast .", "Although cell walls are permeable to small soluble proteins and other solutes , plasmodesmata enable direct , regulated , symplastic transport of substances between cells .", "There are two forms of plasmodesmata : primary plasmodesmata , which are formed during cell division , and secondary plasmodesmata , which can form between mature cells ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Plasmodesmata ( singular : plasmodesma ) are microscopic channels which traverse the cell walls of plant cells and some algal cells , enabling transport and communication between them . Almost every plant cell is surrounded by a polysaccharide cell wall . Cell walls are permeable to small soluble proteins and other solutes , plasmodesmata enable direct , regulated , symplastic transport of substances between cells .", "selected_sentences": [ "Plasmodesmata ( singular : plasmodesma ) are microscopic channels which traverse the cell walls of plant cells and some algal cells , enabling transport and communication between them .", "Unlike animal cells , almost every plant cell is surrounded by a polysaccharide cell wall .", "Although cell walls are permeable to small soluble proteins and other solutes , plasmodesmata enable direct , regulated , symplastic transport of substances between cells ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Plasmodesmata are microscopic channels which traverse the cell walls of plant cells and some algal cells, enabling transport and communication between them. Although cell walls are permeable to small soluble proteins and other solutes, plasmodesmata enable direct, regulated, symplastic transport of substances between cells.", "selected_sentences": [ "Plasmodesmata ( singular : plasmodesma ) are microscopic channels which traverse the cell walls of plant cells and some algal cells , enabling transport and communication between them .", "Although cell walls are permeable to small soluble proteins and other solutes , plasmodesmata enable direct , regulated , symplastic transport of substances between cells ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Kat Chapman", "text": "Kat 's first storylines saw her interact with Darryl Braxton ( Stephen Peacocke ) as she investigated him for murder . She forms a relationship with local doctor Nate Cooper ( Kyle Pryor ) , which is tested a number of times . Kat has survived falling over a cliff face and being shot . Towards the end of 2015 , she was targeted by villain Charlotte King ( Erika Heynatz ) . The character 's background was explored further with the introduction of her abusive former fiancé Dylan Carter ( Jeremy Lindsay Taylor ) , who arrived in the Bay to lead the investigation into Charlotte 's murder . Following Dylan 's departure , Kat began a relationship with Martin `` Ash '' Ashford ( George Mason ) . She also faced problems in her career and briefly resigned from the police force . Miller earned a nomination for the Logie Award for Best New Talent for her portrayal of Kat . ", "sentences": [ "Kat 's first storylines saw her interact with Darryl Braxton ( Stephen Peacocke ) as she investigated him for murder .", "She forms a relationship with local doctor Nate Cooper ( Kyle Pryor ) , which is tested a number of times .", "Kat has survived falling over a cliff face and being shot .", "Towards the end of 2015 , she was targeted by villain Charlotte King ( Erika Heynatz ) .", "The character 's background was explored further with the introduction of her abusive former fiancé Dylan Carter ( Jeremy Lindsay Taylor ) , who arrived in the Bay to lead the investigation into Charlotte 's murder .", "Following Dylan 's departure , Kat began a relationship with Martin `` Ash '' Ashford ( George Mason ) .", "She also faced problems in her career and briefly resigned from the police force .", "Miller earned a nomination for the Logie Award for Best New Talent for her portrayal of Kat ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Kat Chapman forms a relationship with local doctor Nate Cooper. Her abusive former fiancé Dylan Carter is introduced. Following Dylan's departure, Kat began a relationship with Martin ``Ash'' Ashford.", "selected_sentences": [ "She forms a relationship with local doctor Nate Cooper ( Kyle Pryor ) , which is tested a number of times .", "The character 's background was explored further with the introduction of her abusive former fiancé Dylan Carter ( Jeremy Lindsay Taylor ) , who arrived in the Bay to lead the investigation into Charlotte 's murder .", "Following Dylan 's departure , Kat began a relationship with Martin `` Ash '' Ashford ( George Mason ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Nintendo 64 accessories", "text": "Game developers can take advantage of the increased memory for several purposes , including greater visual appeal . The Expansion Pak is required in order to run three cartridge games , Donkey Kong 64 , The Legend of Zelda : Majora 's Mask , and Perfect Dark . It 's also required for all 64DD software . Capcom 's Resident Evil 2 uses the Expansion Pak for increasing the visual details of environments and monsters , and Perfect Dark has limited gameplay options when the Expansion Pak is not present . Supporting games usually offer higher video resolutions or higher textures or higher color depth . For example , the Nintendo 64 all - remade version of Quake II features higher color depth but not a higher resolution when using the Expansion Pak . It is used in StarCraft 64 to unlock levels from the popular Brood War add - on for the PC version of the game . Many games such as Castlevania : Legacy of Darkness and Indiana Jones and the Infernal Machine optionally use the Expansion Pak to add a high resolution 640x480 display mode for games , while other games see the benefit of a smoother frame rate . Certain games , such as Duke Nukem : Zero Hour , offer the user the choice between increased resolution or increased frame rate . The Expansion Pak is available separately as well as bundled with Donkey Kong 64 . In Japan , the Expansion Pak is additionally bundled with Zelda : Majora 's Mask and Perfect Dark , though the games have been also available separately in other regions . Space Station Silicon Valley is known to potentially crash on startup if the Expansion Pak is present. . ", "sentences": [ "Game developers can take advantage of the increased memory for several purposes , including greater visual appeal .", "The Expansion Pak is required in order to run three cartridge games , Donkey Kong 64 , The Legend of Zelda : Majora 's Mask , and Perfect Dark .", "It 's also required for all 64DD software .", "Capcom 's Resident Evil 2 uses the Expansion Pak for increasing the visual details of environments and monsters , and Perfect Dark has limited gameplay options when the Expansion Pak is not present .", "Supporting games usually offer higher video resolutions or higher textures or higher color depth .", "For example , the Nintendo 64 all - remade version of Quake II features higher color depth but not a higher resolution when using the Expansion Pak .", "It is used in StarCraft 64 to unlock levels from the popular Brood War add - on for the PC version of the game .", "Many games such as Castlevania : Legacy of Darkness and Indiana Jones and the Infernal Machine optionally use the Expansion Pak to add a high resolution 640x480 display mode for games , while other games see the benefit of a smoother frame rate .", "Certain games , such as Duke Nukem : Zero Hour , offer the user the choice between increased resolution or increased frame rate .", "The Expansion Pak is available separately as well as bundled with Donkey Kong 64 .", "In Japan , the Expansion Pak is additionally bundled with Zelda : Majora 's Mask and Perfect Dark , though the games have been also available separately in other regions .", "Space Station Silicon Valley is known to potentially crash on startup if the Expansion Pak is present. ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Expansion Pak for Nintendo 64 is required in order to run three cartridge games, Donkey Kong 64, The Legend of Zelda: Majora's Mask and Perfect Dark. It's also required for all 64DD software. The Expansion Pak adds a high resolution 640x480 display mode for games, while other games see the benefit of a smoother frame rate.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Expansion Pak is required in order to run three cartridge games , Donkey Kong 64 , The Legend of Zelda : Majora 's Mask , and Perfect Dark .", "It 's also required for all 64DD software .", "Many games such as Castlevania : Legacy of Darkness and Indiana Jones and the Infernal Machine optionally use the Expansion Pak to add a high resolution 640x480 display mode for games , while other games see the benefit of a smoother frame rate ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "ABC dry chemical", "text": "Monoammonium phosphate , ABC Dry Chemical , ABE Powder , tri-class , or multi-purpose dry chemical is a dry chemical extinguishing agent used on class A , class B , and class C fires . It uses a specially fluidized and siliconized monoammonium phosphate powder . ABC dry chemical is usually a mix of monoammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfate , the former being the active one . The mix between the two agents is usually 40 -- 60 % , 60 - 40 % , or 90 - 10 % depending on local standards worldwide . The USGS uses a similar mixture , called Phos Chek G75F . ", "sentences": [ "Monoammonium phosphate , ABC Dry Chemical , ABE Powder , tri-class , or multi-purpose dry chemical is a dry chemical extinguishing agent used on class A , class B , and class C fires .", "It uses a specially fluidized and siliconized monoammonium phosphate powder .", "ABC dry chemical is usually a mix of monoammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfate , the former being the active one .", "The mix between the two agents is usually 40 -- 60 % , 60 - 40 % , or 90 - 10 % depending on local standards worldwide .", "The USGS uses a similar mixture , called Phos Chek G75F ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Monoammonium phosphate, ABC Dry Chemical, ABE Powder, tri-class, or multi-purpose dry chemical is a dry chemical extinguishing agent used on class A, class B, and class C fires. ABC dry chemical is usually a mix of monoammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfate, the former being the active one.", "selected_sentences": [ "Monoammonium phosphate , ABC Dry Chemical , ABE Powder , tri-class , or multi-purpose dry chemical is a dry chemical extinguishing agent used on class A , class B , and class C fires .", "ABC dry chemical is usually a mix of monoammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfate , the former being the active one ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Damon Salvatore", "text": "Damon spends the next two seasons devoted to Elena , waiting for her to wake up . He repeatedly states that he is miserable without her , and will spend the next 60 or so years unhappily until Bonnie dies . However , Damon is committed to staying true to Elena , and doing right by her . Elena is shown to be Damon 's moral compass , and his guiding force throughout the two seasons . When Damon is in the Phoenix Stone 's version of hell , a vision of Stefan asks Damon `` What would Elena do ? '' and this prompts Damon to forgive his mother , freeing him from hell . The phoenix stone 's influence remains , and Damon accidentally lights Elena 's coffin on fire ( or so he thinks ) . Believing that he has unwittingly killed the love of his life , Damon becomes suicidal . When confronted with the hunter Rayna , Damon commands her to kill him because he is already in hell in a world without Elena . Enzo then reveals to Damon that Elena is still alive , renewing Damon 's hope . When Damon realizes that he is a potential danger to his friends and family because he does not believe he is good without Elena , he decides to desiccate himself next to her . He write to Alaric that before Elena , he did n't know what it was like to be happy , fulfilled or complete , and that he does n't want to continue living without that feeling . After Stefan wakes Damon from his desiccation , Damon continues to be devoted to his future with Elena . At the end of season 7 , he is lured into a trap by a siren , hearing Elena 's voice calling out to him . When the siren takes control of Damon 's mind in season 8 , Damon spends a significant amount of time sleeping , seeking refuge in dreams of his memories of Elena . When Sybil erases Elena from Damon 's consciousness only to insert herself into their memories , Damon fights back , instinctively drawn back to Elena . His love for her prevails , and he breaks the siren 's mind control , regaining his memories of Elena . Julie Plec stated that `` I think the only hope that he 's holding on to is the idea of the two of them living in Tribeca in their brownstone and raising kids and having a life together as humans when this is all said and done . '' After Stefan gives Damon the cure to vampirism , turning him into a human , and Bonnie unbreaks the spell on Elena , Damon and Elena finally reunite . They begin their life together , getting married while Elena goes to medical school and becomes a doctor . Eventually they return to Mystic Falls to grow old together , where they died together of old age . We last see them walking hand in hand in the afterlife before reuniting with their respective families . ", "sentences": [ "Damon spends the next two seasons devoted to Elena , waiting for her to wake up .", "He repeatedly states that he is miserable without her , and will spend the next 60 or so years unhappily until Bonnie dies .", "However , Damon is committed to staying true to Elena , and doing right by her .", "Elena is shown to be Damon 's moral compass , and his guiding force throughout the two seasons .", "When Damon is in the Phoenix Stone 's version of hell , a vision of Stefan asks Damon `` What would Elena do ? ''", "and this prompts Damon to forgive his mother , freeing him from hell .", "The phoenix stone 's influence remains , and Damon accidentally lights Elena 's coffin on fire ( or so he thinks ) .", "Believing that he has unwittingly killed the love of his life , Damon becomes suicidal .", "When confronted with the hunter Rayna , Damon commands her to kill him because he is already in hell in a world without Elena .", "Enzo then reveals to Damon that Elena is still alive , renewing Damon 's hope .", "When Damon realizes that he is a potential danger to his friends and family because he does not believe he is good without Elena , he decides to desiccate himself next to her .", "He write to Alaric that before Elena , he did n't know what it was like to be happy , fulfilled or complete , and that he does n't want to continue living without that feeling .", "After Stefan wakes Damon from his desiccation , Damon continues to be devoted to his future with Elena .", "At the end of season 7 , he is lured into a trap by a siren , hearing Elena 's voice calling out to him .", "When the siren takes control of Damon 's mind in season 8 , Damon spends a significant amount of time sleeping , seeking refuge in dreams of his memories of Elena .", "When Sybil erases Elena from Damon 's consciousness only to insert herself into their memories , Damon fights back , instinctively drawn back to Elena .", "His love for her prevails , and he breaks the siren 's mind control , regaining his memories of Elena .", "Julie Plec stated that `` I think the only hope that he 's holding on to is the idea of the two of them living in Tribeca in their brownstone and raising kids and having a life together as humans when this is all said and done . ''", "After Stefan gives Damon the cure to vampirism , turning him into a human , and Bonnie unbreaks the spell on Elena , Damon and Elena finally reunite .", "They begin their life together , getting married while Elena goes to medical school and becomes a doctor .", "Eventually they return to Mystic Falls to grow old together , where they died together of old age .", "We last see them walking hand in hand in the afterlife before reuniting with their respective families ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "At the end of season 7 , after Stefan gives Damon the cure to vampirism , turning him into a human , and Bonnie unbreaks the spell on Elena , Damon and Elena finally reunite .", "selected_sentences": [ "At the end of season 7 , he is lured into a trap by a siren , hearing Elena 's voice calling out to him .", "After Stefan gives Damon the cure to vampirism , turning him into a human , and Bonnie unbreaks the spell on Elena , Damon and Elena finally reunite ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "United States Declaration of Independence", "text": "Political maneuvering was setting the stage for an official declaration of independence even while a document was being written to explain the decision . On June 11 , 1776 , Congress appointed a `` Committee of Five '' to draft a declaration , consisting of John Adams of Massachusetts , Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania , Thomas Jefferson of Virginia , Robert R. Livingston of New York , and Roger Sherman of Connecticut . The committee left no minutes , so there is some uncertainty about how the drafting process proceeded ; contradictory accounts were written many years later by Jefferson and Adams , too many years to be regarded as entirely reliable -- although their accounts are frequently cited . What is certain is that the committee discussed the general outline which the document should follow and decided that Jefferson would write the first draft . The committee in general , and Jefferson in particular , thought that Adams should write the document , but Adams persuaded the committee to choose Jefferson and promised to consult with him personally . Considering Congress 's busy schedule , Jefferson probably had limited time for writing over the next seventeen days , and likely wrote the draft quickly . He then consulted the others and made some changes , and then produced another copy incorporating these alterations . The committee presented this copy to the Congress on June 28 , 1776 . The title of the document was `` A Declaration by the Representatives of the United States of America , in General Congress assembled . '' Portable ", "sentences": [ "Political maneuvering was setting the stage for an official declaration of independence even while a document was being written to explain the decision .", "On June 11 , 1776 , Congress appointed a `` Committee of Five '' to draft a declaration , consisting of John Adams of Massachusetts , Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania , Thomas Jefferson of Virginia , Robert R. Livingston of New York , and Roger Sherman of Connecticut .", "The committee left no minutes , so there is some uncertainty about how the drafting process proceeded ; contradictory accounts were written many years later by Jefferson and Adams , too many years to be regarded as entirely reliable -- although their accounts are frequently cited .", "What is certain is that the committee discussed the general outline which the document should follow and decided that Jefferson would write the first draft .", "The committee in general , and Jefferson in particular , thought that Adams should write the document , but Adams persuaded the committee to choose Jefferson and promised to consult with him personally .", "Considering Congress 's busy schedule , Jefferson probably had limited time for writing over the next seventeen days , and likely wrote the draft quickly .", "He then consulted the others and made some changes , and then produced another copy incorporating these alterations .", "The committee presented this copy to the Congress on June 28 , 1776 .", "The title of the document was `` A Declaration by the Representatives of the United States of America , in General Congress assembled . ''", "Portable" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "On June 11 , 1776 , Congress appointed a `` Committee of Five '' to draft a declaration , consisting of John Adams of Massachusetts , Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania , Thomas Jefferson of Virginia , Robert R. Livingston of New York , and Roger Sherman of Connecticut .He then consulted the others and made some changes , and then produced another copy incorporating these alterations . The committee presented this copy to the Congress on June 28 , 1776 .", "selected_sentences": [ "On June 11 , 1776 , Congress appointed a `` Committee of Five '' to draft a declaration , consisting of John Adams of Massachusetts , Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania , Thomas Jefferson of Virginia , Robert R. Livingston of New York , and Roger Sherman of Connecticut .", "He then consulted the others and made some changes , and then produced another copy incorporating these alterations .", "The committee presented this copy to the Congress on June 28 , 1776 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Hang 'Em High", "text": "Co-producer Leonard Freeman arrived in Las Cruces , New Mexico , on May 25 , 1967 , to scout locations . That same day , Freeman located the tree to be used for the hanging in the opening scene , about 12 miles north of Las Cruces . Filming began June 27 , 1967 , in the Las Cruces area , with additional scenes shot at White Sands . The interiors were shot at MGM studios . The opening lynching scene was filmed June 29 , 1967 , next to the Rio Grande . The tree used for the hanging is no longer standing and the riverbed is now overgrown with thick brush . Eastwood had considerable leeway in the production , especially in the script , which was altered in parts such as the dialogue and setting of the barroom scene to his liking . Actor Bruce Dern has credited co-star Ben Johnson with accomplishing `` the greatest single stunt ever performed in the history of movies '' , by riding full - tilt toward the hanging Eastwood while pulling out his knife , cutting the noose , dismounting , and catching Eastwood as he fell , all in a single take with no cut . Unfortunately , no such shot appears in the film . ", "sentences": [ "Co-producer Leonard Freeman arrived in Las Cruces , New Mexico , on May 25 , 1967 , to scout locations .", "That same day , Freeman located the tree to be used for the hanging in the opening scene , about 12 miles north of Las Cruces .", "Filming began June 27 , 1967 , in the Las Cruces area , with additional scenes shot at White Sands .", "The interiors were shot at MGM studios .", "The opening lynching scene was filmed June 29 , 1967 , next to the Rio Grande .", "The tree used for the hanging is no longer standing and the riverbed is now overgrown with thick brush .", "Eastwood had considerable leeway in the production , especially in the script , which was altered in parts such as the dialogue and setting of the barroom scene to his liking .", "Actor Bruce Dern has credited co-star Ben Johnson with accomplishing `` the greatest single stunt ever performed in the history of movies '' , by riding full - tilt toward the hanging Eastwood while pulling out his knife , cutting the noose , dismounting , and catching Eastwood as he fell , all in a single take with no cut .", "Unfortunately , no such shot appears in the film ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Filming began June 27, 1967, in the Las Cruces area, with additional scenes shot at White Sands in New Mexico. The interiors were shot at MGM studios. The opening lynching scene was filmed next to the Rio Grande.", "selected_sentences": [ "Co-producer Leonard Freeman arrived in Las Cruces , New Mexico , on May 25 , 1967 , to scout locations .", "Filming began June 27 , 1967 , in the Las Cruces area , with additional scenes shot at White Sands .", "The interiors were shot at MGM studios .", "The opening lynching scene was filmed June 29 , 1967 , next to the Rio Grande ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Buttermilk pie", "text": "Buttermilk pie is a custard - like pie . Originally from the United Kingdom , it is now a traditional pie of the southern United States . It is similar to , and sometimes confused with , chess pie but it does not include cornmeal . The basic filling consists of a mixture of sugar , butter , eggs , buttermilk and wheat flour . Variations on the recipe may include flavorings such as vanilla , lemon zest and nutmeg . Buttermilk pies are made with a pie crust . The filling is poured into the crust and baked until the mixture sets . The pie is best eaten at room temperature after being allowed to cool , but may be eaten either warm from the oven or after being chilled . ", "sentences": [ "Buttermilk pie is a custard - like pie .", "Originally from the United Kingdom , it is now a traditional pie of the southern United States .", "It is similar to , and sometimes confused with , chess pie", "but it does not include cornmeal .", "The basic filling consists of a mixture of sugar , butter , eggs , buttermilk and wheat flour .", "Variations on the recipe may include flavorings such as vanilla , lemon zest and nutmeg .", "Buttermilk pies are made with a pie crust .", "The filling is poured into the crust and baked until the mixture sets .", "The pie is best eaten at room temperature after being allowed to cool , but may be eaten either warm from the oven or after being chilled ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Buttermilk pie is a custard like pie similar to, and sometimes confused with, chess pie, but it does not include cornmeal.", "selected_sentences": [ "Buttermilk pie is a custard - like pie .", "It is similar to , and sometimes confused with , chess pie", "but it does not include cornmeal ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Seneca Falls Convention", "text": "After Quaker worship on Sunday July 9 , 1848 , Lucretia Coffin Mott joined Mary Ann M'Clintock , Martha Coffin Wright ( Mott 's witty sister , several months pregnant ) , Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Jane Hunt for tea at the Hunt home in Waterloo . The two eldest M'Clintock daughters , Elizabeth and Mary Ann , Jr. may have accompanied their mother . Jane Hunt had given birth two weeks earlier , and was tending the baby at home . Over tea , Stanton , the only non-Quaker present , vented a lifetime 's worth of pent - up frustration , her `` long - accumulating discontent '' about women 's subservient place in society . The five women decided to hold a women 's rights convention in the immediate future , while the Motts were still in the area , and drew up an announcement to run in the Seneca County Courier . The announcement began with these words : `` WOMAN 'S RIGHTS CONVENTION. -- A Convention to discuss the social , civil , and religious condition and rights of woman '' . The notice specified that only women were invited to the first day 's meetings on July 19 , but both women and men could attend on the second day to hear Lucretia Mott speak , among others . On July 11 , the announcement first appeared , giving readers just eight days ' notice until the first day of convention . Other papers such as Douglass 's North Star picked up the notice , printing it on July 14 . The meeting place was to be the Wesleyan Methodist Chapel in Seneca Falls . Built by a congregation of abolitionists and financed in part by Richard Hunt , the chapel had been the scene of many reform lectures , and was considered the only large building in the area that would open its doors to a women 's rights convention . ", "sentences": [ "After Quaker worship on Sunday July 9 , 1848 , Lucretia Coffin Mott joined Mary Ann M'Clintock , Martha Coffin Wright ( Mott 's witty sister , several months pregnant ) , Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Jane Hunt for tea at the Hunt home in Waterloo .", "The two eldest M'Clintock daughters , Elizabeth and Mary Ann , Jr. may have accompanied their mother .", "Jane Hunt had given birth two weeks earlier , and was tending the baby at home .", "Over tea , Stanton , the only non-Quaker present , vented a lifetime 's worth of pent - up frustration , her `` long - accumulating discontent '' about women 's subservient place in society .", "The five women decided to hold a women 's rights convention in the immediate future , while the Motts were still in the area , and drew up an announcement to run in the Seneca County Courier .", "The announcement began with these words : `` WOMAN 'S RIGHTS CONVENTION.", "-- A Convention to discuss the social , civil , and religious condition and rights of woman '' .", "The notice specified that only women were invited to the first day 's meetings on July 19 , but both women and men could attend on the second day to hear Lucretia Mott speak , among others .", "On July 11 , the announcement first appeared , giving readers just eight days ' notice until the first day of convention .", "Other papers such as Douglass 's North Star picked up the notice , printing it on July 14 .", "The meeting place was to be the Wesleyan Methodist Chapel in Seneca Falls .", "Built by a congregation of abolitionists and financed in part by Richard Hunt , the chapel had been the scene of many reform lectures , and was considered the only large building in the area that would open its doors to a women 's rights convention ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The five women, Lucretia Coffin Mott, Mary Ann M'Clintock, Martha Coffin Wright, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Jane Hunt, decided to hold a women's rights convention.", "selected_sentences": [ "After Quaker worship on Sunday July 9 , 1848 , Lucretia Coffin Mott joined Mary Ann M'Clintock , Martha Coffin Wright ( Mott 's witty sister , several months pregnant ) , Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Jane Hunt for tea at the Hunt home in Waterloo .", "The five women decided to hold a women 's rights convention in the immediate future , while the Motts were still in the area , and drew up an announcement to run in the Seneca County Courier ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The five women, Lucretia Coffin Mott, Mary Ann M'Clintock, Martha Coffin Wright, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Jane Hunt, decided to hold a women's rights convention and drew up an announcement to run in the Seneca County Courier.", "selected_sentences": [ "After Quaker worship on Sunday July 9 , 1848 , Lucretia Coffin Mott joined Mary Ann M'Clintock , Martha Coffin Wright ( Mott 's witty sister , several months pregnant ) , Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Jane Hunt for tea at the Hunt home in Waterloo .", "The five women decided to hold a women 's rights convention in the immediate future , while the Motts were still in the area , and drew up an announcement to run in the Seneca County Courier ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "History of the Cleveland Browns", "text": "The name of the team was at first left up to Brown , who rejected calls for it to be christened the Browns . McBride then held a contest to name the team in May 1945 ; `` Cleveland Panthers '' was the most popular choice , but Brown rejected it because it was the name of an earlier failed football team . `` That old Panthers team failed '' , Brown said . `` I want no part of that name . '' In August , McBride gave in to popular demand and named the team the Browns , despite Paul Brown 's objections . ", "sentences": [ "The name of the team was at first left up to Brown , who rejected calls for it to be christened the Browns .", "McBride then held a contest to name the team in May 1945 ; `` Cleveland Panthers '' was the most popular choice , but Brown rejected it because it was the name of an earlier failed football team .", "`` That old Panthers team failed '' , Brown said .", "`` I want no part of that name . ''", "In August , McBride gave in to popular demand and named the team the Browns , despite Paul Brown 's objections ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "McBride then held a contest to name the team in May 1945; ``Cleveland Panthers'' was the most popular choice, but Brown rejected it because it was the name of an earlier failed football team. In August, McBride gave in to popular demand and named the team the Browns, despite Paul Brown's objections.", "selected_sentences": [ "McBride then held a contest to name the team in May 1945 ; `` Cleveland Panthers '' was the most popular choice , but Brown rejected it because it was the name of an earlier failed football team .", "In August , McBride gave in to popular demand and named the team the Browns , despite Paul Brown 's objections ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The name of the team was at first left up to Brown , who rejected calls for it to be christened the Browns . In August , McBride gave in to popular demand and named the team the Browns , despite Paul Brown 's objections .", "selected_sentences": [ "The name of the team was at first left up to Brown , who rejected calls for it to be christened the Browns .", "In August , McBride gave in to popular demand and named the team the Browns , despite Paul Brown 's objections ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "How to Train Your Dragon 2", "text": "The third and final film , titled How to Train Your Dragon 3 , was originally scheduled for release on June 17 , 2016 , but in September 2014 , DreamWorks Animation moved the release date to June 9 , 2017 . In January 2015 , in the wake of the closure of Pacific Data Images and massive lay - offs , the release date was initially pushed back to June 29 , 2018 , but subsequently was brought forward to May 18 , 2018 . On December 5 , 2016 , the release date was pushed back again to March 1 , 2019 . Dean DeBlois , the co-screenwriter / co-director of the first and writer - director of the second film , will return , along with producer Bonnie Arnold and all the main cast , while composer John Powell , who scored the first two films , will also be returning . Cate Blanchett and Djimon Hounsou will also reprise their roles as Valka and Drago , respectively , from the second film . ", "sentences": [ "The third and final film , titled How to Train Your Dragon 3 , was originally scheduled for release on June 17 , 2016 , but in September 2014 , DreamWorks Animation moved the release date to June 9 , 2017 .", "In January 2015 , in the wake of the closure of Pacific Data Images and massive lay - offs , the release date was initially pushed back to June 29 , 2018 , but subsequently was brought forward to May 18 , 2018 .", "On December 5 , 2016 , the release date was pushed back again to March 1 , 2019 .", "Dean DeBlois , the co-screenwriter / co-director of the first and writer - director of the second film , will return , along with producer Bonnie Arnold and all the main cast , while composer John Powell , who scored the first two films , will also be returning .", "Cate Blanchett and Djimon Hounsou will also reprise their roles as Valka and Drago , respectively , from the second film ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "On December 5, 2016, the release date for the third and final film, titled How to Train Your Dragon 3 was pushed back again to March 1, 2019.", "selected_sentences": [ "The third and final film , titled How to Train Your Dragon 3 , was originally scheduled for release on June 17 , 2016 , but in September 2014 , DreamWorks Animation moved the release date to June 9 , 2017 .", "On December 5 , 2016 , the release date was pushed back again to March 1 , 2019 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Golf ball", "text": "In 1848 , the Rev. Dr. Robert Adams Paterson ( sometimes spelled Patterson ) invented the gutta - percha ball ( or guttie , gutty ) . The guttie was made from dried sap of the Malaysian sapodilla tree . The sap had a rubber - like feel and could be made round by heating and shaping it in a round mold . Because gutties were cheaper to produce , could be re-formed if they became out - of - round or damaged , and had improved aerodynamic qualities , they soon became the preferred ball for use . Accidentally , it was discovered that nicks in the guttie from normal use actually provided a ball with a more consistent ball flight than a guttie with a perfectly smooth surface . Thus , makers began intentionally making indentations into the surface of new balls using either a knife or hammer and chisel , giving the guttie a textured surface . Many patterns were tried and used . These new gutties , with protruding nubs left by carving patterned paths across the ball 's surface , became known as `` brambles '' due to their resemblance to bramble fruit . ", "sentences": [ "In 1848 , the Rev. Dr. Robert Adams Paterson ( sometimes spelled Patterson ) invented the gutta - percha ball ( or guttie , gutty ) .", "The guttie was made from dried sap of the Malaysian sapodilla tree .", "The sap had a rubber - like feel and could be made round by heating and shaping it in a round mold .", "Because gutties were cheaper to produce , could be re-formed if they became out - of - round or damaged , and had improved aerodynamic qualities , they soon became the preferred ball for use .", "Accidentally , it was discovered that nicks in the guttie from normal use actually provided a ball with a more consistent ball flight than a guttie with a perfectly smooth surface .", "Thus , makers began intentionally making indentations into the surface of new balls using either a knife or hammer and chisel , giving the guttie a textured surface .", "Many patterns were tried and used .", "These new gutties , with protruding nubs left by carving patterned paths across the ball 's surface , became known as `` brambles '' due to their resemblance to bramble fruit ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In 1848, the Rev. Dr. Robert Adams Paterson invented the gutta - percha ball. Accidentally, it was discovered that nicks in the guttie from normal use actually provided a ball with a more consistent ball flight than a guttie with a perfectly smooth surface. Thus, makers began intentionally making indentations. Many patterns were tried and used.", "selected_sentences": [ "In 1848 , the Rev. Dr. Robert Adams Paterson ( sometimes spelled Patterson ) invented the gutta - percha ball ( or guttie , gutty ) .", "Accidentally , it was discovered that nicks in the guttie from normal use actually provided a ball with a more consistent ball flight than a guttie with a perfectly smooth surface .", "Thus , makers began intentionally making indentations into the surface of new balls using either a knife or hammer and chisel , giving the guttie a textured surface .", "Many patterns were tried and used ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "White flag", "text": "The first mention of the usage of white flags to surrender is made during the Eastern Han dynasty ( AD 25 -- 220 ) . In the Roman Empire , the historian Cornelius Tacitus mentions a white flag of surrender in AD 109 . Before that time , Roman armies would surrender by holding their shields above their heads . The white flag was widely used in the Middle Ages in Western Europe to indicate an intent to surrender . The color white was used generally to indicate a person was exempt from combat ; heralds bore white wands , prisoners or hostages captured in battle would attach a piece of white paper to their hat or helmet , and garrisons that had surrendered and been promised safe passage would carry white batons . Australian ", "sentences": [ "The first mention of the usage of white flags to surrender is made during the Eastern Han dynasty ( AD 25 -- 220 ) .", "In the Roman Empire , the historian Cornelius Tacitus mentions a white flag of surrender in AD 109 .", "Before that time , Roman armies would surrender by holding their shields above their heads .", "The white flag was widely used in the Middle Ages in Western Europe to indicate an intent to surrender .", "The color white was used generally to indicate a person was exempt from combat ; heralds bore white wands , prisoners or hostages captured in battle would attach a piece of white paper to their hat or helmet , and garrisons that had surrendered and been promised safe passage would carry white batons .", "Australian" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The first mention of the usage of white flags to surrender is made during the Eastern Han dynasty (AD 25 -- 220).\r\nThe white flag was widely used in the Middle Ages in Western Europe to indicate an intent to surrender.", "selected_sentences": [ "The first mention of the usage of white flags to surrender is made during the Eastern Han dynasty ( AD 25 -- 220 ) .", "The white flag was widely used in the Middle Ages in Western Europe to indicate an intent to surrender ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The first mention of the usage of white flags to surrender is made during the Eastern Han dynasty (AD 25 -- 220).", "selected_sentences": [ "The first mention of the usage of white flags to surrender is made during the Eastern Han dynasty ( AD 25 -- 220 ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Constitution of the United Kingdom", "text": "The United Kingdom does not have one specific constitutional document named as such . Instead , the so - called constitution of the United Kingdom , or British constitution , is a sum of laws and principles that make up the country 's body politic . This is sometimes referred to as an `` unwritten '' or uncodified constitution . The British constitution primarily draws from four sources : statute law ( laws passed by the legislature ) , common law ( laws established through court judgments ) , parliamentary conventions , and works of authority . Similar to an entirely written constitution , this sum also concerns both the relationship between the individual and the state and the functioning of the legislature , the executive , and the judiciary . ", "sentences": [ "The United Kingdom does not have one specific constitutional document named as such .", "Instead , the so - called constitution of the United Kingdom , or British constitution , is a sum of laws and principles that make up the country 's body politic .", "This is sometimes referred to as an `` unwritten '' or uncodified constitution .", "The British constitution primarily draws from four sources : statute law ( laws passed by the legislature ) , common law ( laws established through court judgments ) , parliamentary conventions , and works of authority .", "Similar to an entirely written constitution , this sum also concerns both the relationship between the individual and the state and the functioning of the legislature , the executive , and the judiciary ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The United Kingdom does not have one specific constitutional document named as such. The British constitution primarily draws from four sources: statute law (laws passed by the legislature), common law (laws established through court judgments), parliamentary conventions and works of authority.", "selected_sentences": [ "The United Kingdom does not have one specific constitutional document named as such .", "The British constitution primarily draws from four sources : statute law ( laws passed by the legislature ) , common law ( laws established through court judgments ) , parliamentary conventions , and works of authority ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Battle of Hampton Roads", "text": "The victory claims that were made by each side in the immediate aftermath of the Battle of Hampton Roads , based as both were on misinterpretations of the opponent 's behavior , have been dismissed by present - day historians . They agree that the result of the Monitor -- Merrimack encounter was not a victory for either side . As the combat between ironclads was the primary significance of the battle , the general verdict is that the overall result was a draw . All would acknowledge that the Southern fleet inflicted far more damage than it received , which would ordinarily imply that they had gained a tactical victory . Compared to other Civil War battles , the loss of men and ships for the Union Navy would be considered a clear defeat . On the other hand , the blockade was not seriously threatened , so the entire battle can be regarded as an assault that ultimately failed . ", "sentences": [ "The victory claims that were made by each side in the immediate aftermath of the Battle of Hampton Roads , based as both were on misinterpretations of the opponent 's behavior , have been dismissed by present - day historians .", "They agree that the result of the Monitor -- Merrimack encounter was not a victory for either side .", "As the combat between ironclads was the primary significance of the battle , the general verdict is that the overall result was a draw .", "All would acknowledge that the Southern fleet inflicted far more damage than it received , which would ordinarily imply that they had gained a tactical victory .", "Compared to other Civil War battles , the loss of men and ships for the Union Navy would be considered a clear defeat .", "On the other hand , the blockade was not seriously threatened , so the entire battle can be regarded as an assault that ultimately failed ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The result of the Monitor - Merrimack encounter was not a victory for either side. The Southern fleet inflicted far more damage than it received, which would ordinarily imply that they had gained a tactical victory. On the other hand, the blockade was not seriously threatened, so the entire battle can be regarded as an assault that ultimately failed.", "selected_sentences": [ "They agree that the result of the Monitor -- Merrimack encounter was not a victory for either side .", "All would acknowledge that the Southern fleet inflicted far more damage than it received , which would ordinarily imply that they had gained a tactical victory .", "On the other hand , the blockade was not seriously threatened , so the entire battle can be regarded as an assault that ultimately failed ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Hawaiian crow", "text": "The Hawaiian crow faces an ample number of threats in the wild , which are considered contributing factors to their extinction in the wild . Small population size makes the species more vulnerable to environmental fluctuations , leading to a higher likelihood of inbreeding , which could result in lethal deformities . Unlike most crows , Hawaiian crows did not adapt well to human presence . Persecution by humans is another threat to their survival . Farmers have shot ʻalalā because they were believed to disturb crops . Illegal hunting has continued even after legal protection was granted to the crows . Humans have also caused habitat degradation and deforestation through agriculture , ranching , logging , and non-native ungulates . Loss of canopy cover exposes the ʻalalā to dangerous predators . Chicks are vulnerable to tree - climbing rats , and after they leave their nests , to cats , dogs , and mongooses . Deforestation also increases soil erosion and the spread of invasive plants and mosquitoes . This directly relates to the primary cause of the Hawaiian crow 's extinction , disease . ", "sentences": [ "The Hawaiian crow faces an ample number of threats in the wild , which are considered contributing factors to their extinction in the wild .", "Small population size makes the species more vulnerable to environmental fluctuations , leading to a higher likelihood of inbreeding , which could result in lethal deformities .", "Unlike most crows , Hawaiian crows did not adapt well to human presence .", "Persecution by humans is another threat to their survival .", "Farmers have shot ʻalalā because they were believed to disturb crops .", "Illegal hunting has continued even after legal protection was granted to the crows .", "Humans have also caused habitat degradation and deforestation through agriculture , ranching , logging , and non-native ungulates .", "Loss of canopy cover exposes the ʻalalā to dangerous predators .", "Chicks are vulnerable to tree - climbing rats , and after they leave their nests , to cats , dogs , and mongooses .", "Deforestation also increases soil erosion and the spread of invasive plants and mosquitoes .", "This directly relates to the primary cause of the Hawaiian crow 's extinction , disease ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Hawaiian crow faces an ample number of threats in the wild, which are considered contributing factors to their extinction in the wild.\r\n Deforestation also increases soil erosion and the spread of invasive plants and mosquitoes.\r\n This directly relates to the primary cause of the Hawaiian crow's extinction, disease.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Hawaiian crow faces an ample number of threats in the wild , which are considered contributing factors to their extinction in the wild .", "Deforestation also increases soil erosion and the spread of invasive plants and mosquitoes .", "This directly relates to the primary cause of the Hawaiian crow 's extinction , disease ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The Hawaiian crow faces an ample number of threats in the wild , which are considered contributing factors to their extinction in the wild . Persecution by humans is another threat to their survival . Farmers have shot ʻalalā because they were believed to disturb crops, and the illegal hunting has continued . Loss of canopy cover exposes the ʻalalā to dangerous predators . Deforestation also increases soil erosion and the spread of invasive plants and mosquitoes . This directly relates to the primary cause of the Hawaiian crow 's extinction , disease .", "selected_sentences": [ "The Hawaiian crow faces an ample number of threats in the wild , which are considered contributing factors to their extinction in the wild .", "Persecution by humans is another threat to their survival .", "Farmers have shot ʻalalā because they were believed to disturb crops .", "Illegal hunting has continued even after legal protection was granted to the crows .", "Loss of canopy cover exposes the ʻalalā to dangerous predators .", "Deforestation also increases soil erosion and the spread of invasive plants and mosquitoes .", "This directly relates to the primary cause of the Hawaiian crow 's extinction , disease ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Chow mein", "text": "There is a regional difference in the US between the East and West Coast use of the term `` chow mein '' . On the East Coast , `` chow mein '' is always the crispy or `` Hong Kong style '' . At some restaurants located in those areas , the crispy chow mein noodles are sometimes deep fried and could be crispy `` like the ones in cans '' or `` fried as crisp as hash browns '' . At a few East Coast locations , `` chow mein '' is also served over rice . There , the steamed style using soft noodles is a separate dish called `` lo mein '' . On the West Coast , `` chow mein '' is always the steamed style ; the crispy style is simply called `` Hong Kong style '' and the term `` lo mein '' is not widely used . ", "sentences": [ "There is a regional difference in the US between the East and West Coast use of the term `` chow mein '' .", "On the East Coast , `` chow mein '' is always the crispy or `` Hong Kong style '' .", "At some restaurants located in those areas , the crispy chow mein noodles are sometimes deep fried and could be crispy `` like the ones in cans '' or `` fried as crisp as hash browns '' .", "At a few East Coast locations , `` chow mein '' is also served over rice .", "There , the steamed style using soft noodles is a separate dish called `` lo mein '' .", "On the West Coast , `` chow mein '' is always the steamed style ; the crispy style is simply called `` Hong Kong style '' and the term `` lo mein '' is not widely used ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "There is a regional difference in the US between the East and West Coast use of the term ``chow mein''. On the East Coast, ``chow mein'' is always the crispy or ``Hong Kong style'' and at a few locations served over rice. On the West Coast, ``chow mein'' is always the steamed style; the crispy style is simply called ``Hong Kong style'' and the term ``lo mei '' is not widely used.", "selected_sentences": [ "There is a regional difference in the US between the East and West Coast use of the term `` chow mein '' .", "On the East Coast , `` chow mein '' is always the crispy or `` Hong Kong style '' .", "At a few East Coast locations , `` chow mein '' is also served over rice .", "On the West Coast , `` chow mein '' is always the steamed style ; the crispy style is simply called `` Hong Kong style '' and the term `` lo mein '' is not widely used ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "At a few East Coast locations , `` chow mein '' is also served over rice . There , the steamed style using soft noodles is a separate dish called `` lo mein '' .", "selected_sentences": [ "At a few East Coast locations , `` chow mein '' is also served over rice .", "There , the steamed style using soft noodles is a separate dish called `` lo mein '' ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "The Lord of the Rings (film series)", "text": "Principal photography for all three films was conducted concurrently in many locations within New Zealand 's conservation areas and national parks . Filming took place between 11 October 1999 and 22 December 2000 , a period of 438 days . Pick - up shoots were conducted annually from 2001 to 2003 . The series was shot at over 150 different locations , with seven different units shooting , as well as soundstages around Wellington and Queenstown . Along with Jackson directing the whole production , other unit directors included John Mahaffie , Geoff Murphy , Fran Walsh , Barrie Osbourne , Rick Porras , and any other assistant director , producer , or writer available . Jackson monitored these units with live satellite feeds , and with the added pressure of constant script re-writes and the multiple units interpreting his envisioned result , he only got around four hours of sleep a night . Due to the remoteness of some of the locations , the crew would also bring survival kits in case helicopters could not reach the location to bring them home in time . The New Zealand Department of Conservation was criticised for approving the filming within national parks without adequate consideration of the adverse environmental effects and without public notification . The adverse effects of filming battle scenes in Tongariro National Park meant that the park later required restoration work . ", "sentences": [ "Principal photography for all three films was conducted concurrently in many locations within New Zealand 's conservation areas and national parks .", "Filming took place between 11 October 1999 and 22 December 2000 , a period of 438 days .", "Pick - up shoots were conducted annually from 2001 to 2003 .", "The series was shot at over 150 different locations , with seven different units shooting , as well as soundstages around Wellington and Queenstown .", "Along with Jackson directing the whole production , other unit directors included John Mahaffie , Geoff Murphy , Fran Walsh , Barrie Osbourne , Rick Porras , and any other assistant director , producer , or writer available .", "Jackson monitored these units with live satellite feeds , and with the added pressure of constant script re-writes and the multiple units interpreting his envisioned result , he only got around four hours of sleep a night .", "Due to the remoteness of some of the locations , the crew would also bring survival kits in case helicopters could not reach the location to bring them home in time .", "The New Zealand Department of Conservation was criticised for approving the filming within national parks without adequate consideration of the adverse environmental effects and without public notification .", "The adverse effects of filming battle scenes in Tongariro National Park meant that the park later required restoration work ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Principal photography for all three films was conducted concurrently in many locations within New Zealand's conservation areas and national parks. The series was shot at over 150 different locations around Wellington and Queenstown.", "selected_sentences": [ "Principal photography for all three films was conducted concurrently in many locations within New Zealand 's conservation areas and national parks .", "The series was shot at over 150 different locations , with seven different units shooting , as well as soundstages around Wellington and Queenstown ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "A Song of Ice and Fire", "text": "A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R.R. Martin . He began the first volume of the series , A Game of Thrones , in 1991 and had it published in 1996 . Martin , who initially envisioned the series as a trilogy , has published five out of a planned seven volumes . The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011 , A Dance with Dragons , took Martin six years to write . He is still writing the sixth novel , The Winds of Winter . ", "sentences": [ "A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R.R. Martin .", "He began the first volume of the series , A Game of Thrones , in 1991 and had it published in 1996 .", "Martin , who initially envisioned the series as a trilogy , has published five out of a planned seven volumes .", "The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011 , A Dance with Dragons , took Martin six years to write .", "He is still writing the sixth novel , The Winds of Winter ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by George R.R. Martin. He began the first volume of the series, A Game of Thrones, in 1991 and had it published in 1996. The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011.", "selected_sentences": [ "A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R.R. Martin .", "He began the first volume of the series , A Game of Thrones , in 1991 and had it published in 1996 .", "The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011 , A Dance with Dragons , took Martin six years to write ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The fifth and most recent volume of the series, A Game of Thrones, published in 2011 , A Dance with Dragons , took Martin six years to write .", "selected_sentences": [ "He began the first volume of the series , A Game of Thrones , in 1991 and had it published in 1996 .", "The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011 , A Dance with Dragons , took Martin six years to write ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Party Crasher (Modern Family)", "text": "Gloria ( Sofia Vergara ) and Jay ( Ed O'Neill ) try to organize a very special day for Manny ( Rico Rodriguez ) since it is his 14th birthday and as Gloria says , it is the last birthday they are going to be just the three of them . So , they plan a surprise party . While they are out of the house trying to get a cake , the rest of the family is at their home setting up the party . Manny , thinking that no one will be home , comes home with his new girlfriend ( Krystal Gauvin ) who as a birthday gift , kisses him . The problem is that they do not know that everyone is watching them . The girl feels embarrassed and runs away and Manny locks himself in his room . The day is not over yet as Gloria goes into labor . Now , Manny has to also share his birthday with his new baby brother . ", "sentences": [ "Gloria ( Sofia Vergara ) and Jay ( Ed O'Neill ) try to organize a very special day for Manny ( Rico Rodriguez ) since it is his 14th birthday and as Gloria says , it is the last birthday they are going to be just the three of them .", "So , they plan a surprise party .", "While they are out of the house trying to get a cake , the rest of the family is at their home setting up the party .", "Manny , thinking that no one will be home , comes home with his new girlfriend ( Krystal Gauvin ) who as a birthday gift , kisses him .", "The problem is that they do not know that everyone is watching them .", "The girl feels embarrassed and runs away and Manny locks himself in his room .", "The day is not over yet as Gloria goes into labor .", "Now , Manny has to also share his birthday with his new baby brother ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Gloria and Jay try to organize a very special day for Manny Rico Rodriguez since it is his 14th birthday and as Gloria says, it is the last birthday they are going to be just the three of them. The day is not over yet as Gloria goes into labor.", "selected_sentences": [ "Gloria ( Sofia Vergara ) and Jay ( Ed O'Neill ) try to organize a very special day for Manny ( Rico Rodriguez ) since it is his 14th birthday and as Gloria says , it is the last birthday they are going to be just the three of them .", "The day is not over yet as Gloria goes into labor ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "In Party Crasher (Modern Family), Gloria goes into labor .", "selected_sentences": [ "The day is not over yet as Gloria goes into labor ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Black and Tans", "text": "The Black and Tans ( Irish : Dúchrónaigh ) , officially the Royal Irish Constabulary Special Reserve , was a force of Temporary Constables recruited to assist the Royal Irish Constabulary ( RIC ) during the Irish War of Independence . The force was the brainchild of Winston Churchill , then British Secretary of State for War . Recruitment began in Great Britain in late 1919 . Thousands , many of them British Army veterans of World War I , answered the British government 's call for recruits . Most of the recruits came from Britain , although it also had some members from Ireland . Their role was to help the RIC maintain control and fight the Irish Republican Army ( IRA ) , the army of the Irish Republic . The nickname `` Black and Tans '' arose from the colours of the improvised uniforms they initially wore , composed of mixed khaki British Army and rifle green RIC uniform parts . The Black and Tans became infamous for their attacks on civilians and civilian property . ", "sentences": [ "The Black and Tans ( Irish : Dúchrónaigh ) , officially the Royal Irish Constabulary Special Reserve , was a force of Temporary Constables recruited to assist the Royal Irish Constabulary ( RIC ) during the Irish War of Independence .", "The force was the brainchild of Winston Churchill , then British Secretary of State for War .", "Recruitment began in Great Britain in late 1919 .", "Thousands , many of them British Army veterans of World War I , answered the British government 's call for recruits .", "Most of the recruits came from Britain , although it also had some members from Ireland .", "Their role was to help the RIC maintain control and fight the Irish Republican Army ( IRA ) , the army of the Irish Republic .", "The nickname `` Black and Tans '' arose from the colours of the improvised uniforms they initially wore , composed of mixed khaki British Army and rifle green RIC uniform parts .", "The Black and Tans became infamous for their attacks on civilians and civilian property ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Black and Tans, officially the Royal Irish Constabulary Special Reserve, was a force of Temporary Constables recruited to assist the Royal Irish Constabulary during the Irish War of Independence.\r\nThe nickname `` Black and Tans '' arose from the colours of the improvised uniforms they initially wore, composed of mixed khaki British Army and rifle green RIC uniform parts.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Black and Tans ( Irish : Dúchrónaigh ) , officially the Royal Irish Constabulary Special Reserve , was a force of Temporary Constables recruited to assist the Royal Irish Constabulary ( RIC ) during the Irish War of Independence .", "The nickname `` Black and Tans '' arose from the colours of the improvised uniforms they initially wore , composed of mixed khaki British Army and rifle green RIC uniform parts ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Secession in the United States", "text": "The most famous secession movement was the case of the Southern states of the United States . Secession from the United States was accepted in eleven states ( and failed in two others ) . The seceding states joined together to form the Confederate States of America ( CSA ) . The eleven states of the CSA , in order of secession , were : South Carolina ( seceded December 20 , 1860 ) , Mississippi ( seceded January 9 , 1861 ) , Florida ( seceded January 10 , 1861 ) , Alabama ( seceded January 11 , 1861 ) , Georgia ( seceded January 19 , 1861 ) , Louisiana ( seceded January 26 , 1861 ) , Texas ( seceded February 1 , 1861 ) , Virginia ( seceded April 17 , 1861 ) , Arkansas ( seceded May 6 , 1861 ) , North Carolina ( seceded May 20 , 1861 ) , and Tennessee ( seceded June 8 , 1861 ) . Secession was declared by its supporters in Missouri and Kentucky , but did not become effective as it was opposed by their pro-Union state governments . This secession movement brought about the American Civil War . The position of the Union was that the Confederacy was not a sovereign nation -- and never had been , but that `` the Union '' was always a single nation by intent of the states themselves , from 1776 onward -- and thus that a rebellion had been initiated by individuals . Historian Bruce Catton described President Abraham Lincoln 's April 15 , 1861 , proclamation after the attack on Fort Sumter , which defined the Union 's position on the hostilities : ", "sentences": [ "The most famous secession movement was the case of the Southern states of the United States .", "Secession from the United States was accepted in eleven states ( and failed in two others ) .", "The seceding states joined together to form the Confederate States of America ( CSA ) .", "The eleven states of the CSA , in order of secession , were : South Carolina ( seceded December 20 , 1860 ) , Mississippi ( seceded January 9 , 1861 ) , Florida ( seceded January 10 , 1861 ) , Alabama ( seceded January 11 , 1861 ) , Georgia ( seceded January 19 , 1861 ) , Louisiana ( seceded January 26 , 1861 ) , Texas ( seceded February 1 , 1861 ) , Virginia ( seceded April 17 , 1861 ) , Arkansas ( seceded May 6 , 1861 ) , North Carolina ( seceded May 20 , 1861 ) , and Tennessee ( seceded June 8 , 1861 ) .", "Secession was declared by its supporters in Missouri and Kentucky , but did not become effective as it was opposed by their pro-Union state governments .", "This secession movement brought about the American Civil War .", "The position of the Union was that the Confederacy was not a sovereign nation -- and never had been , but that `` the Union '' was always a single nation by intent of the states themselves , from 1776 onward -- and thus that a rebellion had been initiated by individuals .", "Historian Bruce Catton described President Abraham Lincoln 's April 15 , 1861 , proclamation after the attack on Fort Sumter , which defined the Union 's position on the hostilities :" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Secession from the United States was accepted in eleven states (and failed in two others). The eleven states of the CSA, in order of secession, were: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, and Tennessee.", "selected_sentences": [ "Secession from the United States was accepted in eleven states ( and failed in two others ) .", "The eleven states of the CSA , in order of secession , were : South Carolina ( seceded December 20 , 1860 ) , Mississippi ( seceded January 9 , 1861 ) , Florida ( seceded January 10 , 1861 ) , Alabama ( seceded January 11 , 1861 ) , Georgia ( seceded January 19 , 1861 ) , Louisiana ( seceded January 26 , 1861 ) , Texas ( seceded February 1 , 1861 ) , Virginia ( seceded April 17 , 1861 ) , Arkansas ( seceded May 6 , 1861 ) , North Carolina ( seceded May 20 , 1861 ) , and Tennessee ( seceded June 8 , 1861 ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "A Song of Ice and Fire", "text": "A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R.R. Martin . He began the first volume of the series , A Game of Thrones , in 1991 and had it published in 1996 . Martin , who initially envisioned the series as a trilogy , has published five out of a planned seven volumes . The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011 , A Dance with Dragons , took Martin five years to write . He is still writing the sixth novel , The Winds of Winter . ", "sentences": [ "A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R.R. Martin .", "He began the first volume of the series , A Game of Thrones , in 1991 and had it published in 1996 .", "Martin , who initially envisioned the series as a trilogy , has published five out of a planned seven volumes .", "The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011 , A Dance with Dragons , took Martin five years to write .", "He is still writing the sixth novel , The Winds of Winter ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "George R.R. Martin is still writing the sixth novel , The Winds of Winter .", "selected_sentences": [ "A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R.R. Martin .", "He began the first volume of the series , A Game of Thrones , in 1991 and had it published in 1996 .", "He is still writing the sixth novel , The Winds of Winter ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "NFL Kickoff Game", "text": "The National Football League Kickoff game , along with related festivities , marks the official start of the National Football League ( NFL ) regular season . A single game is held , preceded by a concert and other ceremonies . This first game of the season is usually scheduled for the Thursday following Labor Day and since 2004 , it was hosted by the most recent Super Bowl champions . However , in 2012 , the game was moved to Wednesday to prevent conflicts with the acceptance speech of the Democratic National Convention . The remainder of the league plays their opening weekend games the following Sunday and Monday . ", "sentences": [ "The National Football League Kickoff game , along with related festivities , marks the official start of the National Football League ( NFL ) regular season .", "A single game is held , preceded by a concert and other ceremonies .", "This first game of the season is usually scheduled for the Thursday following Labor Day and since 2004 , it was hosted by the most recent Super Bowl champions .", "However , in 2012 , the game was moved to Wednesday to prevent conflicts with the acceptance speech of the Democratic National Convention .", "The remainder of the league plays their opening weekend games the following Sunday and Monday ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The National Football League Kickoff game marks the official start of the National Football League (NFL) regular season. This first game of the season is usually scheduled for the Thursday following Labor Day.", "selected_sentences": [ "The National Football League Kickoff game , along with related festivities , marks the official start of the National Football League ( NFL ) regular season .", "This first game of the season is usually scheduled for the Thursday following Labor Day and since 2004 , it was hosted by the most recent Super Bowl champions ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "An-Nasr", "text": "The surah praises Allah for leading numerous people to Islam . This surah is also known as `` The Victory '' as in the victory of Islam as it defeated the Kuffar and other enemies . This surah talks about the battle . It is said that after this battle people realized the Muslims never lost because Allah was on their side and then many people joined Islam . According to Tafsir ibn Kathir , this surah , like Surat Al - Ikhlas , is an equivalent to one fourth of the entire Qur'an . This was the last surah to be revealed , only a few months before the Prophet 's death . ", "sentences": [ "The surah praises Allah for leading numerous people to Islam .", "This surah is also known as `` The Victory '' as in the victory of Islam as it defeated the Kuffar and other enemies .", "This surah talks about the battle .", "It is said that after this battle people realized the Muslims never lost because Allah was on their side and then many people joined Islam .", "According to Tafsir ibn Kathir , this surah , like Surat Al - Ikhlas , is an equivalent to one fourth of the entire Qur'an .", "This was the last surah to be revealed , only a few months before the Prophet 's death ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "This surah is known as ``The Victory'' as in the victory of Islam as it defeated the Kuffar and other enemies. This was the last surah to be revealed, only a few months before the Prophet's death.", "selected_sentences": [ "This surah is also known as `` The Victory '' as in the victory of Islam as it defeated the Kuffar and other enemies .", "This was the last surah to be revealed , only a few months before the Prophet 's death ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "An-Nasr, which is also known as \"The Victory\" was the last surah to be revealed.", "selected_sentences": [ "This surah is also known as `` The Victory '' as in the victory of Islam as it defeated the Kuffar and other enemies .", "This was the last surah to be revealed , only a few months before the Prophet 's death ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005", "text": "The MGNREGA was initiated with the objective of `` enhancing livelihood security in rural areas by providing at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year , to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work '' . Another aim of MGNREGA is to create durable assets ( such as roads , canals , ponds and wells ) . Employment is to be provided within 5 km of an applicant 's residence , and minimum wages are to be paid . If work is not provided within 15 days of applying , applicants are entitled to an unemployment allowance . Thus , employment under MGNREGA is a legal entitlement . ", "sentences": [ "The MGNREGA was initiated with the objective of `` enhancing livelihood security in rural areas by providing at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year , to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work '' .", "Another aim of MGNREGA is to create durable assets ( such as roads , canals , ponds and wells ) .", "Employment is to be provided within 5 km of an applicant 's residence , and minimum wages are to be paid .", "If work is not provided within 15 days of applying , applicants are entitled to an unemployment allowance .", "Thus , employment under MGNREGA is a legal entitlement ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The MGNREGA was initiated with the objective of ``enhancing livelihood security in rural areas by providing at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year, to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work''. If work is not provided within 15 days of applying, applicants are entitled to an unemployment allowance.", "selected_sentences": [ "The MGNREGA was initiated with the objective of `` enhancing livelihood security in rural areas by providing at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year , to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work '' .", "If work is not provided within 15 days of applying , applicants are entitled to an unemployment allowance ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Port and starboard", "text": "The term starboard derives from the Old English steorbord , meaning the side on which the ship is steered . Before ships had rudders on their centrelines , they were steered with a steering oar at the stern of the ship and , because more people are right - handed , on the right - hand side of it . The term is cognate with the Old Norse stýri ( rudder ) and borð ( side of a ship ) . Since the steering oar was on the right side of the boat , it would tie up at wharf on the other side . Hence the left side was called port . ", "sentences": [ "The term starboard derives from the Old English steorbord , meaning the side on which the ship is steered .", "Before ships had rudders on their centrelines , they were steered with a steering oar at the stern of the ship and , because more people are right - handed , on the right - hand side of it .", "The term is cognate with the Old Norse stýri ( rudder ) and borð ( side of a ship ) .", "Since the steering oar was on the right side of the boat , it would tie up at wharf on the other side .", "Hence the left side was called port ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The term starboard derives from the Old English steorbord, meaning the side on which the ship is steered. Since the steering oar was on the right side of the boat, it would tie up at wharf on the other side. Hence the left side was called port.", "selected_sentences": [ "The term starboard derives from the Old English steorbord , meaning the side on which the ship is steered .", "Since the steering oar was on the right side of the boat , it would tie up at wharf on the other side .", "Hence the left side was called port ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Hurricane Harvey", "text": "The eighth named storm , third hurricane , and the first major hurricane of the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season , Harvey developed from a tropical wave to the east of the Lesser Antilles , reaching tropical storm status on August 17 . The storm crossed through the Windward Islands on the following day , passing just south of Barbados and later near Saint Vincent . Upon entering the Caribbean Sea , Harvey began to weaken due to moderate wind shear and degenerated into a tropical wave north of Colombia early on August 19 . The remnants were monitored for regeneration as it continued west - northwestward across the Caribbean and the Yucatán Peninsula , before redeveloping over the Bay of Campeche on August 23 . Harvey then began to rapidly intensify on August 24 , regaining tropical storm status and becoming a hurricane later that day . While the storm moved generally northwest , Harvey 's intensification phase stalled slightly overnight from August 24 -- 25 ; however , Harvey soon resumed strengthening and quickly became a major hurricane and attained Category 4 intensity later that day . Hours later , Harvey made landfall near Rockport , Texas , at peak intensity . Afterwards , rapid weakening ensued , and Harvey had downgraded to a tropical storm as it stalled near the coastline of the state , dropping torrential and unprecedented amounts of rainfall over the Lone Star state . On August 28 , it emerged back over the Gulf of Mexico , strengthening slightly before making a third and final landfall in Louisiana on August 29 . As Harvey drifted inland , it quickly weakened again as it became extratropical on September 1 , before dissipating two days later . ", "sentences": [ "The eighth named storm , third hurricane , and the first major hurricane of the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season , Harvey developed from a tropical wave to the east of the Lesser Antilles , reaching tropical storm status on August 17 .", "The storm crossed through the Windward Islands on the following day , passing just south of Barbados and later near Saint Vincent .", "Upon entering the Caribbean Sea , Harvey began to weaken due to moderate wind shear and degenerated into a tropical wave north of Colombia early on August 19 .", "The remnants were monitored for regeneration as it continued west - northwestward across the Caribbean and the Yucatán Peninsula , before redeveloping over the Bay of Campeche on August 23 .", "Harvey then began to rapidly intensify on August 24 , regaining tropical storm status and becoming a hurricane later that day .", "While the storm moved generally northwest , Harvey 's intensification phase stalled slightly overnight from August 24 -- 25 ; however , Harvey soon resumed strengthening and quickly became a major hurricane and attained Category 4 intensity later that day .", "Hours later , Harvey made landfall near Rockport , Texas , at peak intensity .", "Afterwards , rapid weakening ensued , and Harvey had downgraded to a tropical storm as it stalled near the coastline of the state , dropping torrential and unprecedented amounts of rainfall over the Lone Star state .", "On August 28 , it emerged back over the Gulf of Mexico , strengthening slightly before making a third and final landfall in Louisiana on August 29 .", "As Harvey drifted inland , it quickly weakened again as it became extratropical on September 1 , before dissipating two days later ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Hours later, Harvey made landfall near Rockport, Texas, at peak intensity.", "selected_sentences": [ "The storm crossed through the Windward Islands on the following day , passing just south of Barbados and later near Saint Vincent .", "Hours later , Harvey made landfall near Rockport , Texas , at peak intensity ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Give It to Me (Timbaland song)", "text": "`` Give It to Me '' is an electro and hip hop song with club music sensibilities . It features a space - age sound that it built up of skeletal synths , percussion bass , low range horns , breathless drums , digitized keyboards . Andy Kellman of Allmusic describes it as a `` A leisurely club track full of swagger '' . David Hyland of WESH Orlando noted the song as `` a mellow , slinky club jam that meshes odd , polyrhythmic drumming , a `` Twilight Zone '' countermelody and digitized keyboard belches with vocals supplied by Furtado and Timberlake . '' It begins with a heavy tribal beat and accompanying synths . Nelly begins with rhymes about her change in appearance for her third studio album with the lines `` You love my ass and my abs and the video called ' Promiscuous ' / My style is meticulous - s-s-s '' . After the chorus , Timbaland raps about his successes as a producer and songwriter while making disparaging remarks towards an unnamed producer , most notable in the lines `` I get a half a mil ' for my beats , you get a couple gra - an - and / Never gon ' see the day that I ai n't got the upper hand / I 'm respected from Californ - I-A , way down to Japan '' and `` I 'm a real producer and you just a piano man / Your songs do n't top the charts , I heard ' em , I 'm not a fa - an - an '' . Timberlake follows after the second chorus with his verse , where he addresses a rival about his chart success with `` SexyBack '' , present in the lines , `` If sexy never left , then why 's everybody on my shi - i-i-t ? / Do n't hate on me just because you did n't come up with it '' . ", "sentences": [ "`` Give It to Me '' is an electro and hip hop song with club music sensibilities .", "It features a space - age sound that it built up of skeletal synths , percussion bass , low range horns , breathless drums , digitized keyboards .", "Andy Kellman of Allmusic describes it as a `` A leisurely club track full of swagger '' .", "David Hyland of WESH Orlando noted the song as `` a mellow , slinky club jam that meshes odd , polyrhythmic drumming , a `` Twilight Zone '' countermelody and digitized keyboard belches with vocals supplied by Furtado and Timberlake . ''", "It begins with a heavy tribal beat and accompanying synths .", "Nelly begins with rhymes about her change in appearance for her third studio album with the lines `` You love my ass and my abs and the video called ' Promiscuous ' /", "My style is meticulous - s-s-s '' .", "After the chorus , Timbaland raps about his successes as a producer and songwriter while making disparaging remarks towards an unnamed producer , most notable in the lines `` I get a half a mil ' for my beats , you get a couple gra - an - and / Never gon ' see the day that I ai n't got the upper hand /", "I 'm respected from Californ - I-A , way down to Japan '' and `` I 'm a real producer and you just a piano man /", "Your songs do n't top the charts , I heard ' em , I 'm not a fa - an - an '' .", "Timberlake follows after the second chorus with his verse , where he addresses a rival about his chart success with `` SexyBack '' , present in the lines , `` If sexy never left , then why 's everybody on my shi - i-i-t ? /", "Do n't hate on me just because you did n't come up with it '' ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Timbaland raps about his successes as a producer and songwriter while making disparaging remarks towards an unnamed producer, Timberlake follows after the second chorus with his verse, where he addresses a rival about his chart success with ``SexyBack.''", "selected_sentences": [ "After the chorus , Timbaland raps about his successes as a producer and songwriter while making disparaging remarks towards an unnamed producer , most notable in the lines `` I get a half a mil ' for my beats , you get a couple gra - an - and / Never gon ' see the day that I ai n't got the upper hand /", "Timberlake follows after the second chorus with his verse , where he addresses a rival about his chart success with `` SexyBack '' , present in the lines , `` If sexy never left , then why 's everybody on my shi - i-i-t ? /" ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Timberlake raps about his successes as a producer and songwriter while making disparaging remarks towards an unnamed producer, Timberlake follows after the second chorus with his verse, where he addresses a rival about his chart success with ``SexyBack''.", "selected_sentences": [ "After the chorus , Timbaland raps about his successes as a producer and songwriter while making disparaging remarks towards an unnamed producer , most notable in the lines `` I get a half a mil ' for my beats , you get a couple gra - an - and / Never gon ' see the day that I ai n't got the upper hand /", "Timberlake follows after the second chorus with his verse , where he addresses a rival about his chart success with `` SexyBack '' , present in the lines , `` If sexy never left , then why 's everybody on my shi - i-i-t ? /" ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Star Wars: The Last Jedi", "text": "Second unit photography began during pre-production at Skellig Michael in Ireland on September 14 , 2015 , due to the difficulties of filming at that location during other seasons . It would have lasted four days , but filming was canceled for the first day due to poor weather and rough conditions . In November 2014 , Ivan Dunleavy , chief executive of Pinewood Studios , confirmed that the film would be shot at Pinewood , with additional filming in Mexico . In September 2015 , del Toro revealed that principal photography would begin in March 2016 ; Kennedy later stated that filming would begin in January 2016 . The production began work on the 007 Stage at Pinewood Studios on November 15 , 2015 . Rick Heinrichs served as production designer . ", "sentences": [ "Second unit photography began during pre-production at Skellig Michael in Ireland on September 14 , 2015 , due to the difficulties of filming at that location during other seasons .", "It would have lasted four days , but filming was canceled for the first day due to poor weather and rough conditions .", "In November 2014 , Ivan Dunleavy , chief executive of Pinewood Studios , confirmed that the film would be shot at Pinewood , with additional filming in Mexico .", "In September 2015 , del Toro revealed that principal photography would begin in March 2016 ; Kennedy later stated that filming would begin in January 2016 .", "The production began work on the 007 Stage at Pinewood Studios on November 15 , 2015 .", "Rick Heinrichs served as production designer ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Second unit photography began on September 14, 2015. The production began work on the 007 Stage at Pinewood Studios on November 15, 2015.", "selected_sentences": [ "Second unit photography began during pre-production at Skellig Michael in Ireland on September 14 , 2015 , due to the difficulties of filming at that location during other seasons .", "The production began work on the 007 Stage at Pinewood Studios on November 15 , 2015 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Perfect competition", "text": "In the short run , a firm operating at a loss ( R < TC ( revenue less than total cost ) or P < ATC ( price less than unit cost ) ) must decide whether to continue to operate or temporarily shutdown . The shutdown rule states `` in the short run a firm should continue to operate if price exceeds average variable costs . '' Restated , the rule is that for a firm to continue producing in the short run it must earn sufficient revenue to cover its variable costs . The rationale for the rule is straightforward . By shutting down a firm avoids all variable costs . However , the firm must still pay fixed costs . Because fixed cost must be paid regardless of whether a firm operates they should not be considered in deciding whether to produce or shutdown . Thus in determining whether to shut down a firm should compare total revenue to total variable costs ( VC ) rather than total costs ( FC + VC ) . If the revenue the firm is receiving is greater than its total variable cost ( R > VC ) then the firm is covering all variable cost plus there is additional revenue ( `` contribution '' ) , which can be applied to fixed costs . ( The size of the fixed costs is irrelevant as it is a sunk cost . The same consideration is used whether fixed costs are one dollar or one million dollars . ) On the other hand , if VC > R then the firm is not even covering its production costs and it should immediately shut down . The rule is conventionally stated in terms of price ( average revenue ) and average variable costs . The rules are equivalent ( If you divide both sides of inequality TR > TVC by Q gives P > AVC ) . If the firm decides to operate , the firm will continue to produce where marginal revenue equals marginal costs because these conditions insure not only profit maximization ( loss minimization ) but also maximum contribution . ", "sentences": [ "In the short run , a firm operating at a loss ( R < TC ( revenue less than total cost ) or P < ATC ( price less than unit cost ) ) must decide whether to continue to operate or temporarily shutdown .", "The shutdown rule states `` in the short run a firm should continue to operate if price exceeds average variable costs . ''", "Restated , the rule is that for a firm to continue producing in the short run it must earn sufficient revenue to cover its variable costs .", "The rationale for the rule is straightforward .", "By shutting down a firm avoids all variable costs .", "However , the firm must still pay fixed costs .", "Because fixed cost must be paid regardless of whether a firm operates they should not be considered in deciding whether to produce or shutdown .", "Thus in determining whether to shut down a firm should compare total revenue to total variable costs ( VC ) rather than total costs ( FC + VC ) .", "If the revenue the firm is receiving is greater than its total variable cost ( R > VC ) then the firm is covering all variable cost plus there is additional revenue ( `` contribution '' ) , which can be applied to fixed costs .", "( The size of the fixed costs is irrelevant as it is a sunk cost .", "The same consideration is used whether fixed costs are one dollar or one million dollars . )", "On the other hand , if VC > R then the firm is not even covering its production costs and it should immediately shut down .", "The rule is conventionally stated in terms of price ( average revenue ) and average variable costs .", "The rules are equivalent ( If you divide both sides of inequality TR > TVC by Q gives P > AVC ) .", "If the firm decides to operate , the firm will continue to produce where marginal revenue equals marginal costs because these conditions insure not only profit maximization ( loss minimization ) but also maximum contribution ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In the short run, a firm operating at a loss must decide whether to continue to operate or temporarily shutdown. The rationale for the rule is straightforward. By shutting down a firm avoids all variable costs. However, the firm must still pay fixed costs.", "selected_sentences": [ "In the short run , a firm operating at a loss ( R < TC ( revenue less than total cost ) or P < ATC ( price less than unit cost ) ) must decide whether to continue to operate or temporarily shutdown .", "The rationale for the rule is straightforward .", "By shutting down a firm avoids all variable costs .", "However , the firm must still pay fixed costs ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": true } } ]

[ { "title": "Curved mirror", "text": "Concave mirrors are used in reflecting telescopes . They are also used to provide a magnified image of the face for applying make - up or shaving . In illumination applications , concave mirrors are used to gather light from a small source and direct it outward in a beam as in torches , headlamps and spotlights , or to collect light from a large area and focus it into a small spot , as in concentrated solar power . Concave mirrors are used to form optical cavities , which are important in laser construction . Some dental mirrors use a concave surface to provide a magnified image . The mirror landing aid system of modern aircraft carriers also uses a concave mirror . ", "sentences": [ "Concave mirrors are used in reflecting telescopes .", "They are also used to provide a magnified image of the face for applying make - up or shaving .", "In illumination applications , concave mirrors are used to gather light from a small source and direct it outward in a beam as in torches , headlamps and spotlights , or to collect light from a large area and focus it into a small spot , as in concentrated solar power .", "Concave mirrors are used to form optical cavities , which are important in laser construction .", "Some dental mirrors use a concave surface to provide a magnified image .", "The mirror landing aid system of modern aircraft carriers also uses a concave mirror ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Concave mirrors are used in reflecting telescopes. They are also used to provide a magnified image of the face for applying make-up or shaving. In illumination applications, concave mirrors are used to gather light from a small source and direct it outward in a beam as in torches, headlamps and spotlights, or to collect light from a large area and focus it into a small spot, as in concentrated solar power. Some dental mirrors use a concave surface. The mirror landing aid system of modern aircraft carriers also uses a concave mirror.", "selected_sentences": [ "Concave mirrors are used in reflecting telescopes .", "They are also used to provide a magnified image of the face for applying make - up or shaving .", "In illumination applications , concave mirrors are used to gather light from a small source and direct it outward in a beam as in torches , headlamps and spotlights , or to collect light from a large area and focus it into a small spot , as in concentrated solar power .", "Some dental mirrors use a concave surface to provide a magnified image .", "The mirror landing aid system of modern aircraft carriers also uses a concave mirror ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Concave mirrors are used in reflecting telescopes; to provide a magnified image of the face for applying make - up or shaving; to gather light from a small source and direct it outward in a beam as in torches , headlamps and spotlights , or to collect light from a large area and focus it into a small spot , as in concentrated solar power; to form optical cavities , which are important in laser construction; to provide a magnified image; for the mirror landing aid system of modern aircraft carriers.", "selected_sentences": [ "Concave mirrors are used in reflecting telescopes .", "They are also used to provide a magnified image of the face for applying make - up or shaving .", "In illumination applications , concave mirrors are used to gather light from a small source and direct it outward in a beam as in torches , headlamps and spotlights , or to collect light from a large area and focus it into a small spot , as in concentrated solar power .", "Concave mirrors are used to form optical cavities , which are important in laser construction .", "Some dental mirrors use a concave surface to provide a magnified image .", "The mirror landing aid system of modern aircraft carriers also uses a concave mirror ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Climate of the Arctic", "text": "The climate of the Arctic is characterized by long , cold winters and short , cool summers . There is a large amount of variability in climate across the Arctic , but all regions experience extremes of solar radiation in both summer and winter . Some parts of the Arctic are covered by ice ( sea ice , glacial ice , or snow ) year - round , and nearly all parts of the Arctic experience long periods with some form of ice on the surface . Average January temperatures range from about − 34 ° C to 0 ° C ( − 29 to + 32 ° F ) , and winter temperatures can drop below − 50 ° C ( − 58 ° F ) over large parts of the Arctic . Average July temperatures range from about − 10 to + 10 ° C ( 14 to 50 ° F ) , with some land areas occasionally exceeding 30 ° C ( 86 ° F ) in summer . ", "sentences": [ "The climate of the Arctic is characterized by long , cold winters and short , cool summers .", "There is a large amount of variability in climate across the Arctic , but all regions experience extremes of solar radiation in both summer and winter .", "Some parts of the Arctic are covered by ice ( sea ice , glacial ice , or snow ) year - round , and nearly all parts of the Arctic experience long periods with some form of ice on the surface .", "Average January temperatures range from about − 34 ° C to 0 ° C ( − 29 to + 32 ° F ) , and winter temperatures can drop below − 50 ° C ( − 58 ° F ) over large parts of the Arctic .", "Average July temperatures range from about − 10 to + 10 ° C ( 14 to 50 ° F ) , with some land areas occasionally exceeding 30 ° C ( 86 ° F ) in summer ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The climate of the Arctic is characterized by long, cold winters and short, cool summers. Average July temperatures range from about − 10 to + 10 ° C (14 to 50 ° F), with some land areas occasionally exceeding 30 ° C (86 ° F) in summer.", "selected_sentences": [ "The climate of the Arctic is characterized by long , cold winters and short , cool summers .", "Average July temperatures range from about − 10 to + 10 ° C ( 14 to 50 ° F ) , with some land areas occasionally exceeding 30 ° C ( 86 ° F ) in summer ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "My Cup Runneth Over", "text": "This phrase , in Hebrew כּוֹסִי רְוָיָה ( kōsî rəwāyāh ) , is translated in the traditionally used King James Version as my cup runneth over . Newer translations of the phrase include `` my cup overflows '' and `` my cup is completely full . '' The 23rd psalm , in which this phrase appears , uses the image of God as a shepherd and the believer as a sheep well cared - for . Julian Morgenstern has suggested that the word translated as `` cup '' could contain a double meaning : both a `` cup '' in the normal sense of the word , and a shallow trough from which one would give water to a sheep . Other interpreters have suggested that verses 5 and 6 of Psalm 23 do not carry forward the `` shepherd '' metaphor begun in verse 1 , but that these two verses are set in some other , entirely human , setting . Andrew Arterbury and William Bellinger read these verses as providing a metaphor of God as a host , displaying hospitality to a human being . Thus , alongside other actions in Psalm 23 , such as preparing a table , and anointing one 's guest with oil , providing a full or even overflowing cup for him to drink from can be read as an illustration of God 's generosity to the Psalmist . ", "sentences": [ "This phrase , in Hebrew כּוֹסִי רְוָיָה ( kōsî rəwāyāh ) , is translated in the traditionally used King James Version as my cup runneth over .", "Newer translations of the phrase include `` my cup overflows '' and `` my cup is completely full . ''", "The 23rd psalm , in which this phrase appears , uses the image of God as a shepherd and the believer as a sheep well cared - for .", "Julian Morgenstern has suggested that the word translated as `` cup '' could contain a double meaning : both a `` cup '' in the normal sense of the word , and a shallow trough from which one would give water to a sheep .", "Other interpreters have suggested that verses 5 and 6 of Psalm 23 do not carry forward the `` shepherd '' metaphor begun in verse 1 , but that these two verses are set in some other , entirely human , setting .", "Andrew Arterbury and William Bellinger read these verses as providing a metaphor of God as a host , displaying hospitality to a human being .", "Thus , alongside other actions in Psalm 23 , such as preparing a table , and anointing one 's guest with oil , providing a full or even overflowing cup for him to drink from can be read as an illustration of God 's generosity to the Psalmist ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The 23rd psalm, in which this phrase appears, uses the image of God as a shepherd and the believer as a sheep well cared - for. Andrew Arterbury and William Bellinger read these verses as providing a metaphor of God as a host, displaying hospitality to a human being. Thus, providing a full or even overflowing cup for him to drink from can be read as an illustration of God's generosity to the Psalmist.", "selected_sentences": [ "The 23rd psalm , in which this phrase appears , uses the image of God as a shepherd and the believer as a sheep well cared - for .", "Andrew Arterbury and William Bellinger read these verses as providing a metaphor of God as a host , displaying hospitality to a human being .", "Thus , alongside other actions in Psalm 23 , such as preparing a table , and anointing one 's guest with oil , providing a full or even overflowing cup for him to drink from can be read as an illustration of God 's generosity to the Psalmist ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Atmospheric pressure", "text": "Atmospheric pressure , sometimes also called barometric pressure , is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth ( or that of another planet ) . In most circumstances atmospheric pressure is closely approximated by the hydrostatic pressure caused by the weight of air above the measurement point . As elevation increases , there is less overlying atmospheric mass , so that atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing elevation . Pressure measures force per unit area , with SI units of pascals ( 1 Pa = 1 N / m ) . On average , a column of air one square centimetre ( cm ) ( 0.16 sq in ) in cross-section , measured from sea level to the top of the Earth 's atmosphere , has a mass of about 1.03 kilograms ( 2.3 lb ) and weight of about 10.1 newtons ( 2.3 lb ) . That weight ( across one square centimeter ) is a pressure of 10.1 N / cm or 101 kN / m ( kPa ) . A column 1 square inch ( 6.5 cm ) in cross-section would have a weight of about 14.7 lb ( 6.7 kg ) or about 65.4 N . ", "sentences": [ "Atmospheric pressure , sometimes also called barometric pressure , is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth ( or that of another planet ) .", "In most circumstances atmospheric pressure is closely approximated by the hydrostatic pressure caused by the weight of air above the measurement point .", "As elevation increases , there is less overlying atmospheric mass , so that atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing elevation .", "Pressure measures force per unit area , with SI units of pascals ( 1 Pa = 1 N / m ) .", "On average , a column of air one square centimetre ( cm ) ( 0.16 sq in ) in cross-section , measured from sea level to the top of the Earth 's atmosphere , has a mass of about 1.03 kilograms ( 2.3 lb ) and weight of about 10.1 newtons ( 2.3 lb ) .", "That weight ( across one square centimeter ) is a pressure of 10.1 N / cm or 101 kN / m ( kPa ) .", "A column 1 square inch ( 6.5 cm ) in cross-section would have a weight of about 14.7 lb ( 6.7 kg ) or about 65.4 N ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The weight (across one square centimeter) is a pressure of 10.1 N / cm or 101 kN / m (kPa) atmospheric pressure, sometimes also called barometric pressure.", "selected_sentences": [ "Atmospheric pressure , sometimes also called barometric pressure , is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth ( or that of another planet ) .", "That weight ( across one square centimeter ) is a pressure of 10.1 N / cm or 101 kN / m ( kPa ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "On average , a column of air one square centimetre ( cm ) ( 0.16 sq in ) in cross-section , measured from sea level to the top of the Earth 's atmosphere , has weight of about 10.1 newtons ( 2.3 lb ) . That weight ( across one square centimeter ) is a pressure of 10.1 N / cm or 101 kN / m ( kPa ) .", "selected_sentences": [ "On average , a column of air one square centimetre ( cm ) ( 0.16 sq in ) in cross-section , measured from sea level to the top of the Earth 's atmosphere , has a mass of about 1.03 kilograms ( 2.3 lb ) and weight of about 10.1 newtons ( 2.3 lb ) .", "That weight ( across one square centimeter ) is a pressure of 10.1 N / cm or 101 kN / m ( kPa ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Super Bowl ring", "text": "The winning team can typically present rings to whomever they choose , including usually , but not limited to : players ( active roster or injured ) , coaches , trainers , executives , personnel , and general staff . Some teams have given rings to former players and coaches that were on the team at some point during the season , despite not having been on the winning roster for the Super Bowl itself . Sometimes a team will give rings to fans as part of a charity raffle . Teams can distribute any number of rings . A recent trend over the last 15 -- 20 years has been lesser rings awarded to front office staff . These are commonly called `` B '' and `` C '' level rings and are smaller and contain fewer diamonds or contain faux diamonds . The first instance of this was the Redskins Super Bowl XVII ring when many in the front office received rings that were not solid gold and contained cubic zirconia stones ( which resemble diamonds ) . When Tampa Bay won Super Bowl XXXVII , the players and coaches received rings with a diamond - centered Lombardi trophy . Some staff received rings with a metal Lombardi trophy and real diamonds surrounding the trophy and the `` C '' level ring did not contain any diamonds . ", "sentences": [ "The winning team can typically present rings to whomever they choose , including usually , but not limited to : players ( active roster or injured ) , coaches , trainers , executives , personnel , and general staff .", "Some teams have given rings to former players and coaches that were on the team at some point during the season , despite not having been on the winning roster for the Super Bowl itself .", "Sometimes a team will give rings to fans as part of a charity raffle .", "Teams can distribute any number of rings .", "A recent trend over the last 15 -- 20 years has been lesser rings awarded to front office staff .", "These are commonly called `` B '' and `` C '' level rings and are smaller and contain fewer diamonds or contain faux diamonds .", "The first instance of this was the Redskins Super Bowl XVII ring when many in the front office received rings that were not solid gold and contained cubic zirconia stones ( which resemble diamonds ) .", "When Tampa Bay won Super Bowl XXXVII , the players and coaches received rings with a diamond - centered Lombardi trophy .", "Some staff received rings with a metal Lombardi trophy and real diamonds surrounding the trophy and the `` C '' level ring did not contain any diamonds ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The winning team can typically present rings to whomever they choose, including usually, but not limited to: players (active roster or injured), coaches, trainers, executives, personnel and general staff. A recent trend over the last 15 - 20 years has been lesser rings awarded to front office staff. These are commonly called ``B'' and ``C'' level rings.", "selected_sentences": [ "The winning team can typically present rings to whomever they choose , including usually , but not limited to : players ( active roster or injured ) , coaches , trainers , executives , personnel , and general staff .", "A recent trend over the last 15 -- 20 years has been lesser rings awarded to front office staff .", "These are commonly called `` B '' and `` C '' level rings and are smaller and contain fewer diamonds or contain faux diamonds ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "The Mask of Zorro", "text": "The principal photography for the film began in Mexico on January 27 , 1997 on a $60 million budget . The Mask of Zorro was mostly shot at Estudios Churubusco in Mexico City . Production stalled for four days in February when the director , Martin Campbell , was hospitalized for bronchitis . Filming resumed in Tlaxcala , three hours east of Mexico City , where the production crew constructed the Montero hacienda and town set pieces . Sony sent David Foster to join the project as a producer to help fill the void left by Steven Spielberg , Walter F. Parkes , and Laurie MacDonald , who were busy running DreamWorks . Foster and David S. Ward , who went uncredited , re-wrote some scenes ; the troubled production caused The Mask of Zorro to go $10 million over its budget . In December , the producers were frustrated by customs agents when some props and other items , including Zorro 's plastic sword , were held for nine days . During the post-production phase , Spielberg and Campbell decided that Diego de la Vega 's death in the arms of his daughter was too depressing . The ending , where Alejandro and Eléna are happily married with their infant son , was added three months after filming had ended . ", "sentences": [ "The principal photography for the film began in Mexico on January 27 , 1997 on a $60 million budget .", "The Mask of Zorro was mostly shot at Estudios Churubusco in Mexico City .", "Production stalled for four days in February when the director , Martin Campbell , was hospitalized for bronchitis .", "Filming resumed in Tlaxcala , three hours east of Mexico City , where the production crew constructed the Montero hacienda and town set pieces .", "Sony sent David Foster to join the project as a producer to help fill the void left by Steven Spielberg , Walter F. Parkes , and Laurie MacDonald , who were busy running DreamWorks .", "Foster and David S. Ward , who went uncredited , re-wrote some scenes ; the troubled production caused The Mask of Zorro to go $10 million over its budget .", "In December , the producers were frustrated by customs agents when some props and other items , including Zorro 's plastic sword , were held for nine days .", "During the post-production phase , Spielberg and Campbell decided that Diego de la Vega 's death in the arms of his daughter was too depressing .", "The ending , where Alejandro and Eléna are happily married with their infant son , was added three months after filming had ended ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The principal photography for the film began in Mexico. The Mask of Zorro was mostly shot at Estudios Churubusco in Mexico City . Filming resumed in Tlaxcala , three hours east of Mexico City.", "selected_sentences": [ "The principal photography for the film began in Mexico on January 27 , 1997 on a $60 million budget .", "The Mask of Zorro was mostly shot at Estudios Churubusco in Mexico City .", "Filming resumed in Tlaxcala , three hours east of Mexico City , where the production crew constructed the Montero hacienda and town set pieces ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "The Proposal (film)", "text": "Filming for The Proposal initiated in April 2008 in Rockport , Massachusetts . In the oncoming days leading to production , areas of the town were temporarily remodeled to represent Sitka , Alaska , the setting of most of the film . Principal photography officially began on April 9 at Bearskin Neck , where it continued over a period of 24 hours . Filming continued at the Motif Number One building on Bradley Wharf ( April 14 -- 16 ) , the Haskins Building ( April 15 -- 18 ) , and the central business district of Rockport ( April 17 ) . Principal photography relocated to Manchester - by - the - Sea , Massachusetts on April 22 , where it resumed over an approximate period of two weeks . In response , city officials accommodated the producers by renting out all publicly owned parking lots . Filming for The Proposal was shortly delayed after Bullock and her husband were involved in a car accident . The wedding scene was filmed in a three - story twentieth century Victorian home ; photography took place at the residence for three weeks . In an interview with the New York Times , the owners of the home stated that Nelson Coates knocked on their door asking for leaves . Initially , the owners directed Coates to other residences in the area ; however , they eventually gave the film 's producer a tour of the house . Production occurred on the first floor of the home . Outside of the Cape Ann area , filming took place in Boston , Massachusetts at the State Street Bank Building and in Lower Manhattan in New York City . The Proposal contained 350 special effect shots , and some parts were edited using computer - generated imagery . The score to The Proposal was composed by Aaron Zigman , who recorded his score with the Hollywood Studio Symphony at the Sony Scoring Stage . ", "sentences": [ "Filming for The Proposal initiated in April 2008 in Rockport , Massachusetts .", "In the oncoming days leading to production , areas of the town were temporarily remodeled to represent Sitka , Alaska , the setting of most of the film .", "Principal photography officially began on April 9 at Bearskin Neck , where it continued over a period of 24 hours .", "Filming continued at the Motif Number One building on Bradley Wharf ( April 14 -- 16 ) , the Haskins Building ( April 15 -- 18 ) , and the central business district of Rockport ( April 17 ) .", "Principal photography relocated to Manchester - by - the - Sea , Massachusetts on April 22 , where it resumed over an approximate period of two weeks .", "In response , city officials accommodated the producers by renting out all publicly owned parking lots .", "Filming for The Proposal was shortly delayed after Bullock and her husband were involved in a car accident .", "The wedding scene was filmed in a three - story twentieth century Victorian home ; photography took place at the residence for three weeks .", "In an interview with the New York Times , the owners of the home stated that Nelson Coates knocked on their door asking for leaves .", "Initially , the owners directed Coates to other residences in the area ; however , they eventually gave the film 's producer a tour of the house .", "Production occurred on the first floor of the home .", "Outside of the Cape Ann area , filming took place in Boston , Massachusetts at the State Street Bank Building and in Lower Manhattan in New York City .", "The Proposal contained 350 special effect shots , and some parts were edited using computer - generated imagery .", "The score to The Proposal was composed by Aaron Zigman , who recorded his score with the Hollywood Studio Symphony at the Sony Scoring Stage ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Filming for The Proposal was in Rockport , Massachusetts; at Bearskin Neck; at the Motif Number One building on Bradley Wharf, the Haskins Building, and the central business district of Rockport; Manchester - by - the - Sea , Massachusetts; in a three - story twentieth century Victorian home; and in Boston , Massachusetts at the State Street Bank Building and in Lower Manhattan in New York City.", "selected_sentences": [ "Filming for The Proposal initiated in April 2008 in Rockport , Massachusetts .", "Principal photography officially began on April 9 at Bearskin Neck , where it continued over a period of 24 hours .", "Filming continued at the Motif Number One building on Bradley Wharf ( April 14 -- 16 ) , the Haskins Building ( April 15 -- 18 ) , and the central business district of Rockport ( April 17 ) .", "Principal photography relocated to Manchester - by - the - Sea , Massachusetts on April 22 , where it resumed over an approximate period of two weeks .", "The wedding scene was filmed in a three - story twentieth century Victorian home ; photography took place at the residence for three weeks .", "Outside of the Cape Ann area , filming took place in Boston , Massachusetts at the State Street Bank Building and in Lower Manhattan in New York City ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "The Mother (How I Met Your Mother)", "text": "Tracy McConnell ( colloquial : `` The Mother '' ) is the title character from the CBS television sitcom How I Met Your Mother . The show , narrated by Future Ted ( Bob Saget ) , tells the story of how Ted Mosby ( Josh Radnor ) met The Mother . Tracy McConnell appears in eight episodes , from `` Lucky Penny '' to `` The Time Travelers '' , as an unseen character ; she was first seen fully in `` Something New '' and was promoted to a main character in season 9 . The Mother is played by Cristin Milioti . ", "sentences": [ "Tracy McConnell ( colloquial : `` The Mother '' ) is the title character from the CBS television sitcom How I Met Your Mother .", "The show , narrated by Future Ted", "( Bob Saget ) , tells the story of how Ted Mosby ( Josh Radnor ) met The Mother .", "Tracy McConnell appears in eight episodes , from `` Lucky Penny '' to `` The Time Travelers '' , as an unseen character ; she was first seen fully in `` Something New '' and was promoted to a main character in season 9 .", "The Mother is played by Cristin Milioti ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Tracy McConnell (colloquial: `` The Mother '') is the title character from the CBS television sitcom How I Met Your Mother played by Cristin Milioti.", "selected_sentences": [ "Tracy McConnell ( colloquial : `` The Mother '' ) is the title character from the CBS television sitcom How I Met Your Mother .", "The Mother is played by Cristin Milioti ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Tracy McConnell (the mother) is the title character from the sitcom How I Met Your Mother., played by Cristin Milioti .", "selected_sentences": [ "Tracy McConnell ( colloquial : `` The Mother '' ) is the title character from the CBS television sitcom How I Met Your Mother .", "The Mother is played by Cristin Milioti ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Aryabhata (satellite)", "text": "It was launched by India on 19 April 1975 from Kapustin Yar , a Russian rocket launch and development site in Astrakhan Oblast using a Kosmos - 3M launch vehicle . It was built by the Indian Space Research Organisation ( ISRO ) to gain experience in building and operating a satellite in space . The launch came from an agreement between India and the Soviet Union directed by UR Rao and signed in 1972 . It allowed the USSR to use Indian ports for tracking ships and launching vessels in return for launching Indian satellites.. Aryabhatta is the first indian man made ( artificial ) satellite . ", "sentences": [ "It was launched by India on 19 April 1975 from Kapustin Yar , a Russian rocket launch and development site in Astrakhan Oblast using a Kosmos - 3M launch vehicle .", "It was built by the Indian Space Research Organisation ( ISRO ) to gain experience in building and operating a satellite in space .", "The launch came from an agreement between India and the Soviet Union directed by UR Rao and signed in 1972 .", "It allowed the USSR to use Indian ports for tracking ships and launching vessels in return for launching Indian satellites..", "Aryabhatta is the first indian man made ( artificial ) satellite ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Aryabhatta is the first Indian manmade (artificial) satellite launched by India on 19 April 1975 from Kapustin Yar, a Russian rocket launch and development site in Astrakhan Oblast using a Kosmos - 3M launch vehicle.", "selected_sentences": [ "It was launched by India on 19 April 1975 from Kapustin Yar , a Russian rocket launch and development site in Astrakhan Oblast using a Kosmos - 3M launch vehicle .", "Aryabhatta is the first indian man made ( artificial ) satellite ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Aryabhatta, the first indian man made ( artificial ) satellite, was launched by India on 19 April 1975 from Kapustin Yar , a Russian rocket launch and development site in Astrakhan Oblast using a Kosmos - 3M launch vehicle .", "selected_sentences": [ "It was launched by India on 19 April 1975 from Kapustin Yar , a Russian rocket launch and development site in Astrakhan Oblast using a Kosmos - 3M launch vehicle .", "Aryabhatta is the first indian man made ( artificial ) satellite ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Water buffalo", "text": "In 1974 , four water buffalo were imported to the United States from Guam to be studied at the University of Florida . In February 1978 , the first herd arrived for commercial farming . Until 2002 , only one commercial breeder was in the United States . Water buffalo meat is imported from Australia . Until 2011 , water buffalo were raised in Gainesville , Florida , from young obtained from zoo overflow . They were used primarily for meat production , frequently sold as hamburger . Other US ranchers use them for production of high - quality mozzarella cheese . ", "sentences": [ "In 1974 , four water buffalo were imported to the United States from Guam to be studied at the University of Florida .", "In February 1978 , the first herd arrived for commercial farming .", "Until 2002 , only one commercial breeder was in the United States .", "Water buffalo meat is imported from Australia .", "Until 2011 , water buffalo were raised in Gainesville , Florida , from young obtained from zoo overflow .", "They were used primarily for meat production , frequently sold as hamburger .", "Other US ranchers use them for production of high - quality mozzarella cheese ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In 1974, four water buffalo were imported to the United States from Guam to be studied at the University of Florida. Until 2011, water buffalo were raised in Gainesville, Florida.", "selected_sentences": [ "In 1974 , four water buffalo were imported to the United States from Guam to be studied at the University of Florida .", "Until 2011 , water buffalo were raised in Gainesville , Florida , from young obtained from zoo overflow ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "The Land of Stories", "text": "A year has gone by since Alex and Conner Bailey suffered the tragic loss of their father . Their mother , who is trying to balance her job and her family after her husband 's death , is unable to celebrate their twelfth birthday . Instead , the twins ' Grandma comes to celebrate . She gives the twins a book of fairy tales they recognize from their childhood , titled `` The Land of Stories '' . Alex keeps it in her room at night and soon discovers a buzzing noise coming from the book . It does n't take the twins long to realize that the book of fairy tales is real and acts as a portal between both worlds . They meet numerous classic characters including Cinderella , Sleeping Beauty , Snow White , Goldilocks , Little Red Riding Hood ( who 's not so little anymore ) and new characters including Froggy , Sir Lampton , The Huntress , and Trollbella . However great the twins find the fairy tale world , they realize they need to find a way back to their world . Froggy tells the twins of the Wishing Spell , where magical items are put together to grant one wish . The twins embark on the greatest adventure they 've ever been on , traveling across just about every kingdom and encountering villains along the way . They follow the journal of a man who collected the items once before . The book reaches its climax when Alex , Conner , the Evil Queen , the Huntress , Goldilocks , Jack , Queen Red Riding Hood , and the Big Bad Wolf Pack ( descendants of the Big Bad Wolf who agreed to kidnap the twins in exchange for Red ) as well as Red 's army , meet at a hidden palace in the Sleeping Kingdom . Goldilocks and the Huntress battle until Jack fires a cannonball at the Huntress and she is killed . This book also tells the story of Evly , The Evil Queen and her lover Mira . When she was little , she was a very kind and caring girl . Evly stole the Wishing Spell to free her lover Mira from the magic mirror , but he dies in her arms and they are both swallowed up by the mirror . Alex and Conner find themselves trapped in the fairy world , until they learn that their grandmother is the Fairy Godmother , who is capable of making portals between the Otherworld and the Fairy World , and the journal written by a man who had successfully completed the Wishing Spell years before when he fell in love with a woman on Earth belonged to their father . Therefore , Alex and Conner are part fairy . Alex and Conner get back to their mother through a portal made by their grandmother into the Otherworld in the end . ", "sentences": [ "A year has gone by since Alex and Conner Bailey suffered the tragic loss of their father .", "Their mother , who is trying to balance her job and her family after her husband 's death , is unable to celebrate their twelfth birthday .", "Instead , the twins ' Grandma comes to celebrate .", "She gives the twins a book of fairy tales they recognize from their childhood , titled `` The Land of Stories '' .", "Alex keeps it in her room at night and soon discovers a buzzing noise coming from the book .", "It does n't take the twins long to realize that the book of fairy tales is real and acts as a portal between both worlds .", "They meet numerous classic characters including Cinderella , Sleeping Beauty , Snow White , Goldilocks , Little Red Riding Hood ( who 's not so little anymore ) and new characters including Froggy , Sir Lampton , The Huntress , and Trollbella .", "However great the twins find the fairy tale world , they realize they need to find a way back to their world .", "Froggy tells the twins of the Wishing Spell , where magical items are put together to grant one wish .", "The twins embark on the greatest adventure they 've ever been on , traveling across just about every kingdom and encountering villains along the way .", "They follow the journal of a man who collected the items once before .", "The book reaches its climax when Alex , Conner , the Evil Queen , the Huntress , Goldilocks , Jack , Queen Red Riding Hood , and the Big Bad Wolf Pack ( descendants of the Big Bad Wolf who agreed to kidnap the twins in exchange for Red ) as well as Red 's army , meet at a hidden palace in the Sleeping Kingdom .", "Goldilocks and the Huntress battle until Jack fires a cannonball at the Huntress and she is killed .", "This book also tells the story of Evly , The Evil Queen and her lover Mira .", "When she was little , she was a very kind and caring girl .", "Evly stole the Wishing Spell to free her lover Mira from the magic mirror , but he dies in her arms and they are both swallowed up by the mirror .", "Alex and Conner find themselves trapped in the fairy world , until they learn that their grandmother is the Fairy Godmother , who is capable of making portals between the Otherworld and the Fairy World , and the journal written by a man who had successfully completed the Wishing Spell years before when he fell in love with a woman on Earth belonged to their father .", "Therefore , Alex and Conner are part fairy .", "Alex and Conner get back to their mother through a portal made by their grandmother into the Otherworld in the end ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Froggy tells the twins of the Wishing Spell , where magical items are put together to grant one wish . Evly stole the Wishing Spell to free her lover Mira from the magic mirror , but he dies in her arms and they are both swallowed up by the mirror . Alex and Conner find themselves trapped in the fairy world , until they learn that their grandmother is the Fairy Godmother , who is capable of making portals between the Otherworld and the Fairy World , and the journal written by a man who had successfully completed the Wishing Spell years before when he fell in love with a woman on Earth belonged to their father .", "selected_sentences": [ "Froggy tells the twins of the Wishing Spell , where magical items are put together to grant one wish .", "Evly stole the Wishing Spell to free her lover Mira from the magic mirror , but he dies in her arms and they are both swallowed up by the mirror .", "Alex and Conner find themselves trapped in the fairy world , until they learn that their grandmother is the Fairy Godmother , who is capable of making portals between the Otherworld and the Fairy World , and the journal written by a man who had successfully completed the Wishing Spell years before when he fell in love with a woman on Earth belonged to their father ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Froggy tells the twins of the Wishing Spell , where magical items are put together to grant one wish . Evly stole the Wishing Spell to free her lover Mira from the magic mirror , but he dies in her arms and they are both swallowed up by the mirror . Alex and Conner find themselves trapped in the fairy world , until they learn that their grandmother is the Fairy Godmother , who is capable of making portals between the Otherworld and the Fairy World , and the journal written by a man who had successfully completed the Wishing Spell years before when he fell in love with a woman on Earth belonged to their father . Alex and Conner get back to their mother through a portal made by their grandmother into the Otherworld in the end .", "selected_sentences": [ "Froggy tells the twins of the Wishing Spell , where magical items are put together to grant one wish .", "Evly stole the Wishing Spell to free her lover Mira from the magic mirror , but he dies in her arms and they are both swallowed up by the mirror .", "Alex and Conner find themselves trapped in the fairy world , until they learn that their grandmother is the Fairy Godmother , who is capable of making portals between the Otherworld and the Fairy World , and the journal written by a man who had successfully completed the Wishing Spell years before when he fell in love with a woman on Earth belonged to their father .", "Alex and Conner get back to their mother through a portal made by their grandmother into the Otherworld in the end ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Song Beneath the Song", "text": "Rhimes , executive producer Betsy Beers and director Tony Phelan selected songs that became famous through their use in Grey 's Anatomy , and chose `` the most iconic ones , the ones that best suited ( their ) singers , and the ones that made the most sense . '' The multiple cover versions include the program 's theme tune , `` Cosy in the Rocket '' by Psapp . The primary vocalists are cast members Ramirez , McKidd , Leigh and Chandra Wilson . The soundtrack also includes `` How to Save a Life '' by The Fray and `` Running on Sunshine '' by Jesus Jackson , performed as ensemble pieces by Ramirez , McKidd , Wilson , Leigh , Daniel Sunjata , Scott Foley , Ellen Pompeo , Justin Chambers , Raver , Dane , and Capshaw . Ramirez , McKidd and Wilson also perform together on Snow Patrol 's `` Chasing Cars . '' Ramirez is the lead vocalist on `` The Story '' by Brandi Carlile , and `` Grace '' by Kate Havnevik , which also features the other female cast members , including Leigh and Sarah Drew on the chorus . Capshaw duets with Ramirez on KT Tunstall 's `` Universe & U . '' Wilson is the lead vocalist on `` Wait '' by Get Set Go , McKidd on `` How We Operate '' by Gomez , and Leigh on Anna Nalick 's `` Breathe ( 2 AM ) . '' When ", "sentences": [ "Rhimes , executive producer Betsy Beers and director Tony Phelan selected songs that became famous through their use in Grey 's Anatomy , and chose `` the most iconic ones , the ones that best suited ( their ) singers , and the ones that made the most sense . ''", "The multiple cover versions include the program 's theme tune , `` Cosy in the Rocket '' by Psapp .", "The primary vocalists are cast members Ramirez , McKidd , Leigh and Chandra Wilson .", "The soundtrack also includes `` How to Save a Life '' by The Fray and `` Running on Sunshine '' by Jesus Jackson , performed as ensemble pieces by Ramirez , McKidd , Wilson , Leigh , Daniel Sunjata , Scott Foley , Ellen Pompeo , Justin Chambers , Raver , Dane , and Capshaw .", "Ramirez , McKidd and Wilson also perform together on Snow Patrol 's `` Chasing Cars . ''", "Ramirez is the lead vocalist on `` The Story '' by Brandi Carlile , and `` Grace '' by Kate Havnevik , which also features the other female cast members , including Leigh and Sarah Drew on the chorus .", "Capshaw duets with Ramirez on KT Tunstall 's `` Universe & U . ''", "Wilson is the lead vocalist on `` Wait '' by Get Set Go , McKidd on `` How We Operate '' by Gomez , and Leigh on Anna Nalick 's `` Breathe ( 2 AM ) . ''", "When" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The program's theme tune ``Cosy in the Rocket'' is by Psapp. The primary vocalists are cast members Ramirez, McKidd, Leigh and Chandra Wilson. The soundtrack also includes ``How to Save a Life'' by The Fray and ``Running on Sunshine'' by Jesus Jackson, performed as ensemble pieces by Ramirez , McKidd , Wilson , Leigh , Daniel Sunjata , Scott Foley , Ellen Pompeo , Justin Chambers , Raver , Dane , and Capshaw. Another female cast member includes Sarah Drew on the chorus.", "selected_sentences": [ "The multiple cover versions include the program 's theme tune , `` Cosy in the Rocket '' by Psapp .", "The primary vocalists are cast members Ramirez , McKidd , Leigh and Chandra Wilson .", "The soundtrack also includes `` How to Save a Life '' by The Fray and `` Running on Sunshine '' by Jesus Jackson , performed as ensemble pieces by Ramirez , McKidd , Wilson , Leigh , Daniel Sunjata , Scott Foley , Ellen Pompeo , Justin Chambers , Raver , Dane , and Capshaw .", "Ramirez is the lead vocalist on `` The Story '' by Brandi Carlile , and `` Grace '' by Kate Havnevik , which also features the other female cast members , including Leigh and Sarah Drew on the chorus ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Rhimes , executive producer Betsy Beers and director Tony Phelan selected songs that became famous through their use in Grey 's Anatomy. The songs were by the singers Ramirez , McKidd , Leigh, Chandra Wilson, Daniel Sunjata , Scott Foley , Ellen Pompeo , Justin Chambers , Raver , Dane , Capshaw, Sarah Drew", "selected_sentences": [ "Rhimes , executive producer Betsy Beers and director Tony Phelan selected songs that became famous through their use in Grey 's Anatomy , and chose `` the most iconic ones , the ones that best suited ( their ) singers , and the ones that made the most sense . ''", "The multiple cover versions include the program 's theme tune , `` Cosy in the Rocket '' by Psapp .", "The primary vocalists are cast members Ramirez , McKidd , Leigh and Chandra Wilson .", "The soundtrack also includes `` How to Save a Life '' by The Fray and `` Running on Sunshine '' by Jesus Jackson , performed as ensemble pieces by Ramirez , McKidd , Wilson , Leigh , Daniel Sunjata , Scott Foley , Ellen Pompeo , Justin Chambers , Raver , Dane , and Capshaw .", "Ramirez , McKidd and Wilson also perform together on Snow Patrol 's `` Chasing Cars . ''", "Ramirez is the lead vocalist on `` The Story '' by Brandi Carlile , and `` Grace '' by Kate Havnevik , which also features the other female cast members , including Leigh and Sarah Drew on the chorus .", "Capshaw duets with Ramirez on KT Tunstall 's `` Universe & U . ''", "Wilson is the lead vocalist on `` Wait '' by Get Set Go , McKidd on `` How We Operate '' by Gomez , and Leigh on Anna Nalick 's `` Breathe ( 2 AM ) . ''" ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Chartism", "text": "Chartism was a working - class movement for political reform in Britain that existed from 1838 to 1857 . It took its name from the People 's Charter of 1838 and was a national protest movement , with particular strongholds of support in Northern England , the East Midlands , the Staffordshire Potteries , the Black Country , and the South Wales Valleys . Support for the movement was at its highest in 1839 , 1842 , and 1848 , when petitions signed by millions of working people were presented to the House of Commons . The strategy employed was to use the scale of support which these petitions and the accompanying mass meetings demonstrated to put pressure on politicians to concede manhood suffrage . Chartism thus relied on constitutional methods to secure its aims , though there were some who became involved in insurrectionary activities , notably in south Wales and in Yorkshire . ", "sentences": [ "Chartism was a working - class movement for political reform in Britain that existed from 1838 to 1857 .", "It took its name from the People 's Charter of 1838 and was a national protest movement , with particular strongholds of support in Northern England , the East Midlands , the Staffordshire Potteries , the Black Country , and the South Wales Valleys .", "Support for the movement was at its highest in 1839 , 1842 , and 1848 , when petitions signed by millions of working people were presented to the House of Commons .", "The strategy employed was to use the scale of support which these petitions and the accompanying mass meetings demonstrated to put pressure on politicians to concede manhood suffrage .", "Chartism thus relied on constitutional methods to secure its aims , though there were some who became involved in insurrectionary activities , notably in south Wales and in Yorkshire ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Chartism was a working - class movement for political reform in Britain that existed from 1838 to 1857 . Support for the movement was at its highest in 1839 , 1842 , and 1848 , when petitions signed by millions of working people were presented to the House of Commons . The strategy employed was to use the scale of support which these petitions and the accompanying mass meetings demonstrated to put pressure on politicians to concede manhood suffrage .", "selected_sentences": [ "Chartism was a working - class movement for political reform in Britain that existed from 1838 to 1857 .", "Support for the movement was at its highest in 1839 , 1842 , and 1848 , when petitions signed by millions of working people were presented to the House of Commons .", "The strategy employed was to use the scale of support which these petitions and the accompanying mass meetings demonstrated to put pressure on politicians to concede manhood suffrage ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Chartism was a working class movement for political reform in Britain that existed from 1838 to 1857. Support for the movement was at its highest when petitions signed by millions of working people were presented to the House of Commons. The strategy employed was to use the scale of support which these petitions and the accompanying mass meetings demonstrated to put pressure on politicians to concede manhood suffrage.", "selected_sentences": [ "Chartism was a working - class movement for political reform in Britain that existed from 1838 to 1857 .", "Support for the movement was at its highest in 1839 , 1842 , and 1848 , when petitions signed by millions of working people were presented to the House of Commons .", "The strategy employed was to use the scale of support which these petitions and the accompanying mass meetings demonstrated to put pressure on politicians to concede manhood suffrage ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Tarsal tunnel syndrome", "text": "It is difficult to determine the exact cause of Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome . It is important to attempt to determine the source of the problem . Treatment and the potential outcome of the treatment may depend on the cause . Anything that creates pressure in the Tarsal Tunnel can cause TTS . This would include benign tumors or cysts , bone spurs , inflammation of the tendon sheath , nerve ganglions , or swelling from a broken or sprained ankle . Varicose veins ( that may or may not be visible ) can also cause compression of the nerve . TTS is more common in athletes and other active people . These people put more stress on the tarsal tunnel area . Flat feet may cause an increase in pressure in the tunnel region and this can cause nerve compression . Those with lower back problems may have symptoms . Back problems with the L4 , L5 and S1 regions are suspect and might suggest a `` Double Crush '' issue : one `` crush '' ( nerve pinch or entrapment ) in the lower back , and the second in the tunnel area . In some cases , TTS can simply be idiopathic . This ", "sentences": [ "It is difficult to determine the exact cause of Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome .", "It is important to attempt to determine the source of the problem .", "Treatment and the potential outcome of the treatment may depend on the cause .", "Anything that creates pressure in the Tarsal Tunnel can cause TTS .", "This would include benign tumors or cysts , bone spurs , inflammation of the tendon sheath , nerve ganglions , or swelling from a broken or sprained ankle .", "Varicose veins ( that may or may not be visible ) can also cause compression of the nerve .", "TTS is more common in athletes and other active people .", "These people put more stress on the tarsal tunnel area .", "Flat feet may cause an increase in pressure in the tunnel region and this can cause nerve compression .", "Those with lower back problems may have symptoms .", "Back problems with the L4 , L5 and S1 regions are suspect and might suggest a `` Double Crush '' issue : one `` crush '' ( nerve pinch or entrapment ) in the lower back , and the second in the tunnel area .", "In some cases , TTS can simply be idiopathic .", "This" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Varicose veins that may or may not be visible) can also cause compression of the nerve. Flat feet may cause an increase in pressure in the tunnel region and this can cause nerve compression.", "selected_sentences": [ "Varicose veins ( that may or may not be visible ) can also cause compression of the nerve .", "Flat feet may cause an increase in pressure in the tunnel region and this can cause nerve compression ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": true } } ]

[ { "title": "Causes of the Great Depression", "text": "The causes of the Great Depression in the early 20th century have been extensively discussed by economists and remain a matter of active debate . They are part of the larger debate about economic crises . The specific economic events that took place during the Great Depression are well established . There was an initial stock market crash that triggered a `` panic sell - off '' of assets . This was followed by a deflation in asset and commodity prices , dramatic drops in demand and credit , and disruption of trade , ultimately resulting in widespread unemployment ( over 13 million people were unemployed by 1932 ) and impoverishment . However , economists and historians have not reached a consensus on the causal relationships between various events and government economic policies in causing or ameliorating the Depression . ", "sentences": [ "The causes of the Great Depression in the early 20th century have been extensively discussed by economists and remain a matter of active debate .", "They are part of the larger debate about economic crises .", "The specific economic events that took place during the Great Depression are well established .", "There was an initial stock market crash that triggered a `` panic sell - off '' of assets .", "This was followed by a deflation in asset and commodity prices , dramatic drops in demand and credit , and disruption of trade , ultimately resulting in widespread unemployment ( over 13 million people were unemployed by 1932 ) and impoverishment .", "However , economists and historians have not reached a consensus on the causal relationships between various events and government economic policies in causing or ameliorating the Depression ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The causes of the Great Depression in the early 20th century have been extensively discussed by economists and remain a matter of active debate. There was an initial stock market crash. This was followed by a deflation in asset and commodity prices, dramatic drops in demand and credit, and disruption of trade, ultimately resulting in widespread unemployment.", "selected_sentences": [ "The causes of the Great Depression in the early 20th century have been extensively discussed by economists and remain a matter of active debate .", "There was an initial stock market crash that triggered a `` panic sell - off '' of assets .", "This was followed by a deflation in asset and commodity prices , dramatic drops in demand and credit , and disruption of trade , ultimately resulting in widespread unemployment ( over 13 million people were unemployed by 1932 ) and impoverishment ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Cell cycle", "text": "The cell cycle or cell - division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication of its DNA ( DNA replication ) to produce two daughter cells . In bacteria , which lack a cell nucleus , the cell cycle is divided into the B , C , and D periods . The B period extends from the end of cell division to the beginning of DNA replication . DNA replication occurs during the C period . The D period refers to the stage between the end of DNA replication and the splitting of the bacterial cell into two daughter cells . In cells with a nucleus , as in eukaryotes , the cell cycle is also divided into three periods : interphase , the mitotic ( M ) phase , and cytokinesis . During interphase , the cell grows , accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis , preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA . During the mitotic phase , the chromosomes separate . During the final stage , cytokinesis , the chromosomes and cytoplasm separate into two new daughter cells . To ensure the proper division of the cell , there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints . ", "sentences": [ "The cell cycle or cell - division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication of its DNA ( DNA replication ) to produce two daughter cells .", "In bacteria , which lack a cell nucleus , the cell cycle is divided into the B , C , and D periods .", "The B period extends from the end of cell division to the beginning of DNA replication .", "DNA replication occurs during the C period .", "The D period refers to the stage between the end of DNA replication and the splitting of the bacterial cell into two daughter cells .", "In cells with a nucleus , as in eukaryotes , the cell cycle is also divided into three periods : interphase , the mitotic ( M ) phase , and cytokinesis .", "During interphase , the cell grows , accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis , preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA .", "During the mitotic phase , the chromosomes separate .", "During the final stage , cytokinesis , the chromosomes and cytoplasm separate into two new daughter cells .", "To ensure the proper division of the cell , there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In bacteria, which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle is divided into the B, C and D periods. DNA replication occurs during the C period.", "selected_sentences": [ "In bacteria , which lack a cell nucleus , the cell cycle is divided into the B , C , and D periods .", "DNA replication occurs during the C period ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "In bacteria, which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle is divided into the B, C and D periods. DNA replication occurs during the C period. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle is also divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic ( M ) phase, and cytokinesis. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the chromosomes and cytoplasm separate into two new daughter cells.", "selected_sentences": [ "In bacteria , which lack a cell nucleus , the cell cycle is divided into the B , C , and D periods .", "DNA replication occurs during the C period .", "In cells with a nucleus , as in eukaryotes , the cell cycle is also divided into three periods : interphase , the mitotic ( M ) phase , and cytokinesis .", "During the final stage , cytokinesis , the chromosomes and cytoplasm separate into two new daughter cells ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Project team", "text": "There are many components to becoming a top performing team , but the key is working on highly cooperative relationship . The job of management is to create relaxed and comfortable atmosphere where members are allowed to be themselves and are engaged and invested in the project work . All team members are encourage for relationship building . Each member is responsible to give constructive feedback , recognize , value and utilize unique strengths of each other . The whole team is tuned on trust and cooperation . ", "sentences": [ "There are many components to becoming a top performing team , but the key is working on highly cooperative relationship .", "The job of management is to create relaxed and comfortable atmosphere where members are allowed to be themselves and are engaged and invested in the project work .", "All team members are encourage for relationship building .", "Each member is responsible to give constructive feedback , recognize , value and utilize unique strengths of each other .", "The whole team is tuned on trust and cooperation ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The key is working on highly cooperative relationship. The whole team is tuned on trust and cooperation while they are engaged and invested in the project work.", "selected_sentences": [ "There are many components to becoming a top performing team , but the key is working on highly cooperative relationship .", "The job of management is to create relaxed and comfortable atmosphere where members are allowed to be themselves and are engaged and invested in the project work .", "The whole team is tuned on trust and cooperation ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Aihole", "text": "The documented history of Aihole is traceable to the rise of the Early Chalukya dynasty in 6th century . It became , along with nearby Pattadakal and Badami , a major cultural center and religious site for innovations in architecture and experimentation of ideas . The Chalukyas sponsored artisans and built many temples in this region between the 6th and 8th centuries . Evidence of wooden and brick temples dating to 4th - century have been unearthed . Aihole started the experimentations with other materials such as stone around the 5th century when the Indian subcontinent saw a period of political and cultural stability under the Gupta Empire rulers . Badami refined it in 6th and 7th centuries . The experimentations culminated in Pattadakal in the 7th and 8th centuries becoming a cradle of fusion of ideas from South India and North India . The ", "sentences": [ "The documented history of Aihole is traceable to the rise of the Early Chalukya dynasty in 6th century .", "It became , along with nearby Pattadakal and Badami , a major cultural center and religious site for innovations in architecture and experimentation of ideas .", "The Chalukyas sponsored artisans and built many temples in this region between the 6th and 8th centuries .", "Evidence of wooden and brick temples dating to 4th - century have been unearthed .", "Aihole started the experimentations with other materials such as stone around the 5th century when the Indian subcontinent saw a period of political and cultural stability under the Gupta Empire rulers .", "Badami refined it in 6th and 7th centuries .", "The experimentations culminated in Pattadakal in the 7th and 8th centuries becoming a cradle of fusion of ideas from South India and North India .", "The" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The documented history of Aihole is traceable to the rise of the Early Chalukya dynasty in 6th century . The Chalukyas sponsored artisans and built many temples in this region between the 6th and 8th centuries .", "selected_sentences": [ "The documented history of Aihole is traceable to the rise of the Early Chalukya dynasty in 6th century .", "The Chalukyas sponsored artisans and built many temples in this region between the 6th and 8th centuries ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Porridge (TV series)", "text": "The BBC was forced to look around for locations because the Home Office refused permission for any production filming inside or outside a real prison . Instead the main gatehouse of the disused St Albans Prison ( in the town 's Victoria Street ) was used in the opening credits . Exteriors were first filmed at a psychiatric hospital near Watford . However , after the completion of the second series , the hospital withdrew permission for more filming following complaints from patients ' families . Another institution near Ealing was then used for the third series . Scenes within cells and offices were filmed at the BBC 's London studios . But for shots of the wider prison interior , series production designer Tim Gleeson converted an old water tank , used at Ealing Studios for underwater filming , into a multi-storey set . ", "sentences": [ "The BBC was forced to look around for locations because the Home Office refused permission for any production filming inside or outside a real prison .", "Instead the main gatehouse of the disused St Albans Prison ( in the town 's Victoria Street ) was used in the opening credits .", "Exteriors were first filmed at a psychiatric hospital near Watford .", "However , after the completion of the second series , the hospital withdrew permission for more filming following complaints from patients ' families .", "Another institution near Ealing was then used for the third series .", "Scenes within cells and offices were filmed at the BBC 's London studios .", "But for shots of the wider prison interior , series production designer Tim Gleeson converted an old water tank , used at Ealing Studios for underwater filming , into a multi-storey set ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Instead the main gatehouse of the disused St Albans Prison ( in the town 's Victoria Street ) was used in the opening credits . Exteriors were first filmed at a psychiatric hospital near Watford . Another institution near Ealing was then used for the third series . Scenes within cells and offices were filmed at the BBC 's London studios .", "selected_sentences": [ "Instead the main gatehouse of the disused St Albans Prison ( in the town 's Victoria Street ) was used in the opening credits .", "Exteriors were first filmed at a psychiatric hospital near Watford .", "Another institution near Ealing was then used for the third series .", "Scenes within cells and offices were filmed at the BBC 's London studios ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "History of laws concerning immigration and naturalization in the United States", "text": "The act excluded Chinese laborers from immigrating to the United States for ten years and was the first immigration law passed by Congress . Laborers in the United States and laborers with work visas received a certificate of residency and were allowed to travel in and out of the United States . Amendments made in 1884 tightened the provisions that allowed previous immigrants to leave and return , and clarified that the law applied to ethnic Chinese regardless of their country of origin . The act was renewed in 1892 by the Geary Act for another ten years , and in 1902 with no terminal date . It was repealed in 1943 , although large scale Chinese immigration did not occur until 1965 . ", "sentences": [ "The act excluded Chinese laborers from immigrating to the United States for ten years and was the first immigration law passed by Congress .", "Laborers in the United States and laborers with work visas received a certificate of residency and were allowed to travel in and out of the United States .", "Amendments made in 1884 tightened the provisions that allowed previous immigrants to leave and return , and clarified that the law applied to ethnic Chinese regardless of their country of origin .", "The act was renewed in 1892 by the Geary Act for another ten years , and in 1902 with no terminal date .", "It was repealed in 1943 , although large scale Chinese immigration did not occur until 1965 ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The act excluded Chinese laborers from immigrating to the United States. Amendments made in 1884 tightened the provisions.", "selected_sentences": [ "The act excluded Chinese laborers from immigrating to the United States for ten years and was the first immigration law passed by Congress .", "Amendments made in 1884 tightened the provisions that allowed previous immigrants to leave and return , and clarified that the law applied to ethnic Chinese regardless of their country of origin ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The first immigration law passed by Congress was the act excluding Chinese laborers from immigrating to the United States for ten years. Amendments made in 1884 tightened the provisions that allowed previous immigrants to leave and return , and clarified that the law applied to ethnic Chinese regardless of their country of origin.", "selected_sentences": [ "The act excluded Chinese laborers from immigrating to the United States for ten years and was the first immigration law passed by Congress .", "Amendments made in 1884 tightened the provisions that allowed previous immigrants to leave and return , and clarified that the law applied to ethnic Chinese regardless of their country of origin ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Bangladesh–India relations", "text": "Bangladesh and India are South Asian neighbours . Relations have been friendly , although sometimes there are border disputes . The historic land boundary agreement was signed on 6 June 2015 which opened a new era in the relations and further stopped all irritants in ties . They are common members of SAARC , BIMSTEC , IORA and the Commonwealth . The two countries share many cultural ties . In particular , Bangladesh and the east Indian states of West Bengal and Tripura are Bengali - speaking . Bangladesh has a high commission in New Delhi with consulates in Mumbai and Kolkata . India has a high commission in Dhaka with a consulate in Chittagong . In 1971 , the Bangladesh Liberation War broke out between East Pakistan and West Pakistan , India intervened in December 1971 on behalf of East Pakistan and helped secure East Pakistan 's independence from Pakistan as the country of Bangladesh . In a 2014 survey , 70 % percent of Bangladeshis expressed a favorable opinion and perception of India . ", "sentences": [ "Bangladesh and India are South Asian neighbours .", "Relations have been friendly , although sometimes there are border disputes .", "The historic land boundary agreement was signed on 6 June 2015 which opened a new era in the relations and further stopped all irritants in ties .", "They are common members of SAARC , BIMSTEC , IORA and the Commonwealth .", "The two countries share many cultural ties .", "In particular , Bangladesh and the east Indian states of West Bengal and Tripura are Bengali - speaking .", "Bangladesh has a high commission in New Delhi with consulates in Mumbai and Kolkata .", "India has a high commission in Dhaka with a consulate in Chittagong .", "In 1971 , the Bangladesh Liberation War broke out between East Pakistan and West Pakistan , India intervened in December 1971 on behalf of East Pakistan and helped secure East Pakistan 's independence from Pakistan as the country of Bangladesh .", "In a 2014 survey , 70 % percent of Bangladeshis expressed a favorable opinion and perception of India ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Bangladesh and India are South Asian neighbours. In 1971, the Bangladesh Liberation War broke out between East Pakistan and West Pakistan, India intervened in December 1971 on behalf of East Pakistan and helped secure East Pakistan's independence from Pakistan as the country of Bangladesh.", "selected_sentences": [ "Bangladesh and India are South Asian neighbours .", "In 1971 , the Bangladesh Liberation War broke out between East Pakistan and West Pakistan , India intervened in December 1971 on behalf of East Pakistan and helped secure East Pakistan 's independence from Pakistan as the country of Bangladesh ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Bangladesh and India are South Asian neighbours .Bangladesh has a high commission in New Delhi with consulates in Mumbai and Kolkata . India has a high commission in Dhaka with a consulate in Chittagong .", "selected_sentences": [ "Bangladesh and India are South Asian neighbours .", "Bangladesh has a high commission in New Delhi with consulates in Mumbai and Kolkata .", "India has a high commission in Dhaka with a consulate in Chittagong ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Red Sea", "text": "Red Sea is a direct translation of the Greek Erythra Thalassa ( Ερυθρὰ Θάλασσα ) , Latin Mare Rubrum ( alternatively Sinus Arabicus , literally `` Arabian Gulf '' ) , Arabic : البحر الأحمر ‎ , translit . Al - Baḥr Al - Aḥmar ( alternatively بحر القلزم Baḥr Al - Qulzum , literally `` the Sea of Clysma '' ) , Somali Badda Cas and Tigrinya Qeyyiḥ bāḥrī ( ቀይሕ ባሕሪ ) . The name of the sea may signify the seasonal blooms of the red - coloured Trichodesmium erythraeum near the water 's surface . A theory favored by some modern scholars is that the name red is referring to the direction south , just as the Black Sea 's name may refer to north . The basis of this theory is that some Asiatic languages used color words to refer to the cardinal directions . Herodotus on one occasion uses Red Sea and Southern Sea interchangeably . ", "sentences": [ "Red Sea is a direct translation of the Greek Erythra Thalassa ( Ερυθρὰ Θάλασσα ) , Latin Mare Rubrum ( alternatively Sinus Arabicus , literally `` Arabian Gulf '' ) , Arabic : البحر الأحمر ‎ , translit .", "Al - Baḥr Al - Aḥmar ( alternatively بحر القلزم Baḥr Al - Qulzum , literally `` the Sea of Clysma '' ) , Somali Badda Cas and Tigrinya Qeyyiḥ bāḥrī ( ቀይሕ ባሕሪ ) .", "The name of the sea may signify the seasonal blooms of the red - coloured Trichodesmium erythraeum near the water 's surface .", "A theory favored by some modern scholars is that the name red is referring to the direction south , just as the Black Sea 's name may refer to north .", "The basis of this theory is that some Asiatic languages used color words to refer to the cardinal directions .", "Herodotus on one occasion uses Red Sea and Southern Sea interchangeably ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The name Red Sea may signify the seasonal blooms of the red colored Trichodesmium erythraeum near the water's surface. A theory favored by some modern scholars is that the name red is referring to the direction south, just as the Black Sea's name may refer to north.", "selected_sentences": [ "Red Sea is a direct translation of the Greek Erythra Thalassa ( Ερυθρὰ Θάλασσα ) , Latin Mare Rubrum ( alternatively Sinus Arabicus , literally `` Arabian Gulf '' ) , Arabic : البحر الأحمر ‎ , translit .", "The name of the sea may signify the seasonal blooms of the red - coloured Trichodesmium erythraeum near the water 's surface .", "A theory favored by some modern scholars is that the name red is referring to the direction south , just as the Black Sea 's name may refer to north ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Nurse (Romeo and Juliet)", "text": "The Nurse also admits to being something of a fool , proclaiming , `` were not I thine ( Juliet 's ) only nurse , I would say thou hadst suck 'd wisdom from thy teat . '' She is implied to be ugly by Mercutio , who urges the Nurse 's servant Peter to fetch her fan quickly , `` to hide her face ; for her fan 's the fairer face . '' Mercutio also mentions her age , calling her an `` ancient lady '' as he exits from the same scene . Some illustrations even depict her as an obese or big boned woman , because of how Mercutio insults her . He calls `` A sail ! A sail ! '' Meaning he thinks that the nurse is as big as a ship . ", "sentences": [ "The Nurse also admits to being something of a fool , proclaiming , `` were not I thine ( Juliet 's ) only nurse , I would say thou hadst suck 'd wisdom from thy teat . ''", "She is implied to be ugly by Mercutio , who urges the Nurse 's servant Peter to fetch her fan quickly , `` to hide her face ; for her fan 's the fairer face . ''", "Mercutio also mentions her age , calling her an `` ancient lady '' as he exits from the same scene .", "Some illustrations even depict her as an obese or big boned woman , because of how Mercutio insults her .", "He calls `` A sail !", "A sail ! ''", "Meaning he thinks that the nurse is as big as a ship ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Nurse in \"Romeo and Juliet\" is implied to be ugly by Mercutio, who urges the Nurse's servant Peter to fetch her fan quickly, ``to hide her face; for her fan's the fairer face.'' Some illustrations even depict her as an obese or big boned woman, because of how Mercutio insults her, he calls \"A sail! A sail!\". Meaning he thinks that the nurse is as big as a ship.", "selected_sentences": [ "She is implied to be ugly by Mercutio , who urges the Nurse 's servant Peter to fetch her fan quickly , `` to hide her face ; for her fan 's the fairer face . ''", "Some illustrations even depict her as an obese or big boned woman , because of how Mercutio insults her .", "Meaning he thinks that the nurse is as big as a ship ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The Nurse in \"Romeo and Juliet\" is implied to be ugly by Mercutio. Some illustrations even depict her as an obese or big boned woman, because of how Mercutio insults her, he calls \"A sail! A sail!\". Meaning he thinks that the nurse is as big as a ship.", "selected_sentences": [ "She is implied to be ugly by Mercutio , who urges the Nurse 's servant Peter to fetch her fan quickly , `` to hide her face ; for her fan 's the fairer face . ''", "Some illustrations even depict her as an obese or big boned woman , because of how Mercutio insults her .", "Meaning he thinks that the nurse is as big as a ship ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Chola dynasty", "text": "Rajaraja Chola I and Rajendra Chola I were the greatest rulers of the Chola dynasty , extending it beyond the traditional limits of a Tamil kingdom . At its peak , the Chola Empire stretched from the island of Sri Lanka in the south to the Godavari - Krishna river basin in the north , up to the Konkan coast in Bhatkal , the entire Malabar Coast in addition to Lakshadweep , Maldives , and vast areas of Chera country . Rajaraja Chola I was a ruler with inexhaustible energy , and he applied himself to the task of governance with the same zeal that he had shown in waging wars . He integrated his empire into a tight administrative grid under royal control , and at the same time strengthened local self - government . Therefore , he conducted a land survey in 1000 CE to effectively marshall the resources of his empire . He also built the Brihadeeswarar Temple in 1010 CE . ", "sentences": [ "Rajaraja Chola I and Rajendra Chola I were the greatest rulers of the Chola dynasty , extending it beyond the traditional limits of a Tamil kingdom .", "At its peak , the Chola Empire stretched from the island of Sri Lanka in the south to the Godavari - Krishna river basin in the north , up to the Konkan coast in Bhatkal , the entire Malabar Coast in addition to Lakshadweep , Maldives , and vast areas of Chera country .", "Rajaraja Chola I was a ruler with inexhaustible energy , and he applied himself to the task of governance with the same zeal that he had shown in waging wars .", "He integrated his empire into a tight administrative grid under royal control , and at the same time strengthened local self - government .", "Therefore , he conducted a land survey in 1000 CE to effectively marshall the resources of his empire .", "He also built the Brihadeeswarar Temple in 1010 CE ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Rajaraja Chola I and Rajendra Chola I were the greatest rulers of the Chola dynasty , extending it beyond the traditional limits of a Tamil kingdom . Rajaraja Chola I was a ruler with inexhaustible energy , and he applied himself to the task of governance with the same zeal that he had shown in waging wars .", "selected_sentences": [ "Rajaraja Chola I and Rajendra Chola I were the greatest rulers of the Chola dynasty , extending it beyond the traditional limits of a Tamil kingdom .", "Rajaraja Chola I was a ruler with inexhaustible energy , and he applied himself to the task of governance with the same zeal that he had shown in waging wars ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Angular cheilitis", "text": "Angular cheilitis can be caused by infection , irritation , or allergies . Infections include by fungi such as Candida albicans and bacteria such as Staph . aureus . Irritants include poorly fitting dentures , licking the lips or drooling , mouth breathing resulting in a dry mouth , sun exposure , overclosure of the mouth , smoking , and minor trauma . Allergies may include to substances like toothpaste , makeup , and food . Often a number of factors are involved . Other factors may include poor nutrition or poor immune function . Diagnosis may be helped by testing for infections and patch testing for allergies . ", "sentences": [ "Angular cheilitis can be caused by infection , irritation , or allergies .", "Infections include by fungi such as Candida albicans and bacteria such as Staph .", "aureus .", "Irritants include poorly fitting dentures , licking the lips or drooling , mouth breathing resulting in a dry mouth , sun exposure , overclosure of the mouth , smoking , and minor trauma .", "Allergies may include to substances like toothpaste , makeup , and food .", "Often a number of factors are involved .", "Other factors may include poor nutrition or poor immune function .", "Diagnosis may be helped by testing for infections and patch testing for allergies ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Angular cheilitis can be caused by infection, irritation or allergies. Often a number of factors are involved.", "selected_sentences": [ "Angular cheilitis can be caused by infection , irritation , or allergies .", "Often a number of factors are involved ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Angular cheilitis can be caused by infection, irritation or allergies. Irritants include poorly fitting dentures , licking the lips or drooling , mouth breathing resulting in a dry mouth , sun exposure , overclosure of the mouth , smoking , and minor trauma . Allergies may include to substances like toothpaste , makeup , and food . Often a number of factors are involved . Often a number of factors are involved. Other factors may include poor nutrition or poor immune function .", "selected_sentences": [ "Angular cheilitis can be caused by infection , irritation , or allergies .", "Irritants include poorly fitting dentures , licking the lips or drooling , mouth breathing resulting in a dry mouth , sun exposure , overclosure of the mouth , smoking , and minor trauma .", "Allergies may include to substances like toothpaste , makeup , and food .", "Often a number of factors are involved .", "Other factors may include poor nutrition or poor immune function ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "We Didn't Start the Fire", "text": "Joel got the idea for the song when he had just turned 40 . He was in a recording studio and met a friend of Sean Lennon who had just turned 21 who said `` It 's a terrible time to be 21 ! '' Joel replied to him , `` Yeah , I remember when I was 21 -- I thought it was an awful time and we had Vietnam , and y'know , drug problems , and civil rights problems and everything seemed to be awful . '' The friend replied , `` Yeah , yeah , yeah , but it 's different for you . You were a kid in the fifties and everybody knows that nothing happened in the fifties '' . Joel retorted , `` Wait a minute , did n't you hear of the Korean War or the Suez Canal Crisis ? '' Joel later said those headlines formed the basic framework for the song . ", "sentences": [ "Joel got the idea for the song when he had just turned 40 .", "He was in a recording studio and met a friend of Sean Lennon who had just turned 21 who said `` It 's a terrible time to be 21 ! ''", "Joel replied to him , `` Yeah , I remember when I was 21 --", "I thought it was an awful time and we had Vietnam , and y'know , drug problems , and civil rights problems and everything seemed to be awful . ''", "The friend replied , `` Yeah ,", "yeah ,", "yeah ,", "but it 's different for you .", "You were a kid in the fifties and everybody knows that nothing happened in the fifties '' .", "Joel retorted , `` Wait a minute , did n't you hear of the Korean War or the Suez Canal Crisis ? ''", "Joel later said those headlines formed the basic framework for the song ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Joel got the idea for the song when he had just turned 40 and met a friend who had just turned 21 who said ``It 's a terrible time to be 21!''. Joel replied \"I remember, we had Vietnam, and y'know, drug problems, and civil rights problems and everything seemed to be awful.'' The friend replied, ``Yeah, but it's different for you. You were a kid in the fifties and everybody knows that nothing happened in the fifties''. Joel retorted, ``Wait a minute , didn't you hear of the Korean War or the Suez Canal Crisis?''. Joel later said those headlines formed the basic framework for the song.", "selected_sentences": [ "Joel got the idea for the song when he had just turned 40 .", "Joel replied to him , `` Yeah , I remember when I was 21 --", "The friend replied , `` Yeah ,", "but it 's different for you .", "You were a kid in the fifties and everybody knows that nothing happened in the fifties '' .", "Joel retorted , `` Wait a minute , did n't you hear of the Korean War or the Suez Canal Crisis ? ''", "Joel later said those headlines formed the basic framework for the song ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Exploration of Mars", "text": "The first to contact the surface were two Soviet probes : Mars 2 lander on November 27 and Mars 3 lander on December 2 , 1971 -- Mars 2 failed during descent and Mars 3 about twenty seconds after the first Martian soft landing . Mars 6 failed during descent but did return some corrupted atmospheric data in 1974 . The 1975 NASA launches of the Viking program consisted of two orbiters , each with a lander that successfully soft landed in 1976 . Viking 1 remained operational for six years , Viking 2 for three . The Viking landers relayed the first color panoramas of Mars . ", "sentences": [ "The first to contact the surface were two Soviet probes : Mars 2 lander on November 27 and Mars 3 lander on December 2 , 1971 -- Mars 2 failed during descent and Mars 3 about twenty seconds after the first Martian soft landing .", "Mars 6 failed during descent but did return some corrupted atmospheric data in 1974 .", "The 1975 NASA launches of the Viking program consisted of two orbiters , each with a lander that successfully soft landed in 1976 .", "Viking 1 remained operational for six years , Viking 2 for three .", "The Viking landers relayed the first color panoramas of Mars ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The first to contact the surface were two Soviet probes: Mars 2 lander on November 27 and Mars 3 lander on December 2, 1971 -- Mars 2 failed during descent and Mars 3 about twenty seconds after the first Martian soft landing.\r\nThe 1975 NASA launches of the Viking program consisted of two orbiters, each with a lander that successfully soft landed in 1976.", "selected_sentences": [ "The first to contact the surface were two Soviet probes : Mars 2 lander on November 27 and Mars 3 lander on December 2 , 1971 -- Mars 2 failed during descent and Mars 3 about twenty seconds after the first Martian soft landing .", "The 1975 NASA launches of the Viking program consisted of two orbiters , each with a lander that successfully soft landed in 1976 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The first to contact the surface was the Soviet probe Mars 2 lander on November 27, 1971, which failed during descent. Two NASA orbiters, each with a lander successfully soft landed in 1976.", "selected_sentences": [ "The first to contact the surface were two Soviet probes : Mars 2 lander on November 27 and Mars 3 lander on December 2 , 1971 -- Mars 2 failed during descent and Mars 3 about twenty seconds after the first Martian soft landing .", "The 1975 NASA launches of the Viking program consisted of two orbiters , each with a lander that successfully soft landed in 1976 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "The Phantom of the Opera", "text": "The Phantom of the Opera ( French : Le Fantôme de l'Opéra ) is a novel by French writer Gaston Leroux . It was first published as a serialization in Le Gaulois from 23 September 1909 , to 8 January 1910 . It was published in volume form in late March 1910 by Pierre Lafitte . The novel is partly inspired by historical events at the Paris Opera during the nineteenth century and an apocryphal tale concerning the use of a former ballet pupil 's skeleton in Carl Maria von Weber 's 1841 production of Der Freischütz . It has been successfully adapted into various stage and film adaptations , most notable of which are the 1925 film depiction featuring Lon Chaney , and Andrew Lloyd Webber 's 1986 musical . ", "sentences": [ "The Phantom of the Opera ( French : Le Fantôme de l'Opéra ) is a novel by French writer Gaston Leroux .", "It was first published as a serialization in Le Gaulois from 23 September 1909 , to 8 January 1910 .", "It was published in volume form in late March 1910 by Pierre Lafitte .", "The novel is partly inspired by historical events at the Paris Opera during the nineteenth century and an apocryphal tale concerning the use of a former ballet pupil 's skeleton in Carl Maria von Weber 's 1841 production of Der Freischütz .", "It has been successfully adapted into various stage and film adaptations , most notable of which are the 1925 film depiction featuring Lon Chaney , and Andrew Lloyd Webber 's 1986 musical ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Phantom of the Opera is a novel by French writer Gaston Leroux. It was first published as a serialization in Le Gaulois. The novel is partly inspired by historical events at the Paris Opera during the nineteenth century. It has been successfully adapted into various stage and film adaptations.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Phantom of the Opera ( French : Le Fantôme de l'Opéra ) is a novel by French writer Gaston Leroux .", "It was first published as a serialization in Le Gaulois from 23 September 1909 , to 8 January 1910 .", "The novel is partly inspired by historical events at the Paris Opera during the nineteenth century and an apocryphal tale concerning the use of a former ballet pupil 's skeleton in Carl Maria von Weber 's 1841 production of Der Freischütz .", "It has been successfully adapted into various stage and film adaptations , most notable of which are the 1925 film depiction featuring Lon Chaney , and Andrew Lloyd Webber 's 1986 musical ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Endomembrane system", "text": "The endomembrane system is composed of the different membranes that are suspended in the cytoplasm within a eukaryotic cell . These membranes divide the cell into functional and structural compartments , or organelles . In eukaryotes the organelles of the endomembrane system include : the nuclear membrane , the endoplasmic reticulum , the Golgi apparatus , lysosomes , vesicles , endosomes and the cell membrane , among others . The system is defined more accurately as the set of membranes that form a single functional and developmental unit , either being connected directly , or exchanging material through vesicle transport . Importantly , the endomembrane system does not include the membranes of chloroplasts or mitochondria , but might have evolved from the latter ( see below : Evolution ) . ", "sentences": [ "The endomembrane system is composed of the different membranes that are suspended in the cytoplasm within a eukaryotic cell .", "These membranes divide the cell into functional and structural compartments , or organelles .", "In eukaryotes the organelles of the endomembrane system include : the nuclear membrane , the endoplasmic reticulum , the Golgi apparatus , lysosomes , vesicles , endosomes and the cell membrane , among others .", "The system is defined more accurately as the set of membranes that form a single functional and developmental unit , either being connected directly , or exchanging material through vesicle transport .", "Importantly , the endomembrane system does not include the membranes of chloroplasts or mitochondria , but might have evolved from the latter ( see below : Evolution ) ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The endomembrane system divides the cell into functional and structural compartments, or organelles.", "selected_sentences": [ "The endomembrane system is composed of the different membranes that are suspended in the cytoplasm within a eukaryotic cell .", "These membranes divide the cell into functional and structural compartments , or organelles .", "Importantly , the endomembrane system does not include the membranes of chloroplasts or mitochondria , but might have evolved from the latter ( see below : Evolution ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "In eukaryotes, the organelles of the endomembrane system include : the nuclear membrane , the endoplasmic reticulum , the Golgi apparatus , lysosomes , vesicles , endosomes and the cell membrane , among others .", "selected_sentences": [ "In eukaryotes the organelles of the endomembrane system include : the nuclear membrane , the endoplasmic reticulum , the Golgi apparatus , lysosomes , vesicles , endosomes and the cell membrane , among others ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Founding Fathers of the United States", "text": "The newly founded country of the United States had to create a new government to replace the British Parliament . The U.S. adopted the Articles of Confederation , a declaration that established a national government with a one - house legislature . Its ratification by all thirteen colonies gave the second Congress a new name : the Congress of the Confederation , which met from 1781 to 1789 . The Constitutional Convention took place during the summer of 1787 , in Philadelphia . Although the Convention was called to revise the Articles of Confederation , the intention from the outset for some including James Madison and Alexander Hamilton was to create a new frame of government rather than amending the existing one . The delegates elected George Washington to preside over the Convention . The result of the Convention was the United States Constitution and the replacement of the Continental Congress with the United States Congress . ", "sentences": [ "The newly founded country of the United States had to create a new government to replace the British Parliament .", "The U.S. adopted the Articles of Confederation , a declaration that established a national government with a one - house legislature .", "Its ratification by all thirteen colonies gave the second Congress a new name : the Congress of the Confederation , which met from 1781 to 1789 .", "The Constitutional Convention took place during the summer of 1787 , in Philadelphia .", "Although the Convention was called to revise the Articles of Confederation , the intention from the outset for some including James Madison and Alexander Hamilton was to create a new frame of government rather than amending the existing one .", "The delegates elected George Washington to preside over the Convention .", "The result of the Convention was the United States Constitution and the replacement of the Continental Congress with the United States Congress ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Constitutional Convention took place during the summer of 1787, in Philadelphia. The result of the Convention was the United States Constitution and the replacement of the Continental Congress with the United States Congress.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Constitutional Convention took place during the summer of 1787 , in Philadelphia .", "The result of the Convention was the United States Constitution and the replacement of the Continental Congress with the United States Congress ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Book of Lamentations", "text": "The Book of Lamentations ( Hebrew : אֵיכָה ‬ , ' Êykhôh , from its incipit meaning `` how '' ) is a collection of poetic laments for the destruction of Jerusalem . In the Hebrew Bible it appears in the Ketuvim ( `` Writings '' ) , beside the Song of Songs , Book of Ruth , Ecclesiastes and the Book of Esther ( the Megilloth or `` Five Scrolls '' ) , although there is no set order ; in the Christian Old Testament it follows the Book of Jeremiah , as the prophet Jeremiah is its traditional author . Jeremiah 's authorship is no longer generally accepted , although it is generally accepted that the destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon in 586 BC forms the background to the poems . The book is partly a traditional `` city lament '' mourning the desertion of the city by God , its destruction , and the ultimate return of the divinity , and partly a funeral dirge in which the bereaved bewails and addresses the dead . The tone is bleak : God does not speak , the degree of suffering is presented as undeserved , and expectations of future redemption are minimal . ", "sentences": [ "The Book of Lamentations ( Hebrew : אֵיכָה ‬ , ' Êykhôh , from its incipit meaning `` how '' ) is a collection of poetic laments for the destruction of Jerusalem .", "In the Hebrew Bible it appears in the Ketuvim ( `` Writings '' ) , beside the Song of Songs , Book of Ruth , Ecclesiastes and the Book of Esther ( the Megilloth or `` Five Scrolls '' ) , although there is no set order ; in the Christian Old Testament it follows the Book of Jeremiah , as the prophet Jeremiah is its traditional author .", "Jeremiah 's authorship is no longer generally accepted , although it is generally accepted that the destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon in 586 BC forms the background to the poems .", "The book is partly a traditional `` city lament '' mourning the desertion of the city by God , its destruction , and the ultimate return of the divinity , and partly a funeral dirge in which the bereaved bewails and addresses the dead .", "The tone is bleak : God does not speak , the degree of suffering is presented as undeserved , and expectations of future redemption are minimal ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Book of Lamentations is a collection of poetic laments for the destruction of Jerusalem. The book is partly a traditional ``city lament'' mourning the desertion of the city by God, its destruction, and the ultimate return of the divinity, and partly a funeral dirge in which the bereaved bewails and addresses the dead.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Book of Lamentations ( Hebrew : אֵיכָה ‬ , ' Êykhôh , from its incipit meaning `` how '' ) is a collection of poetic laments for the destruction of Jerusalem .", "The book is partly a traditional `` city lament '' mourning the desertion of the city by God , its destruction , and the ultimate return of the divinity , and partly a funeral dirge in which the bereaved bewails and addresses the dead ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Cuban Americans", "text": "In the census in 2000 there were 1,241,685 Cuban Americans , and in the 2010 census there were 1,785,547 ( both native and foreign born ) , and represented 3.5 % of all Hispanics , and 0.58 % of the US population . 983,147 were born abroad in Cuba , 628,331 were U.S born and of the 1.6 million , 415,212 were not U.S citizens . In the 2013 ACS , there were 2,013,155 Cuban Americans . The 2010 US Census shows that 85 % report of Cubans that immigrated to the USA from Cuba identify as being white . The most recent 2012 Cuban census has the island population at 64.12 % white , 26.62 % mulatto , 9.26 % black , and 0.1 % Asian . ", "sentences": [ "In the census in 2000 there were 1,241,685 Cuban Americans , and in the 2010 census there were 1,785,547 ( both native and foreign born ) , and represented 3.5 % of all Hispanics , and 0.58 % of the US population .", "983,147 were born abroad in Cuba , 628,331 were U.S born and of the 1.6 million , 415,212 were not U.S citizens .", "In the 2013 ACS , there were 2,013,155 Cuban Americans .", "The 2010 US Census shows that 85 % report of Cubans that immigrated to the USA from Cuba identify as being white .", "The most recent 2012 Cuban census has the island population at 64.12 % white , 26.62 % mulatto , 9.26 % black , and 0.1 % Asian ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In the census in 2000 there were 1,241,685 Cuban Americans , and in the 2010 census there were 1,785,547 ( both native and foreign born ) , and represented 0.58 % of the US population . In the 2013 ACS , there were 2,013,155 Cuban Americans .", "selected_sentences": [ "In the census in 2000 there were 1,241,685 Cuban Americans , and in the 2010 census there were 1,785,547 ( both native and foreign born ) , and represented 3.5 % of all Hispanics , and 0.58 % of the US population .", "In the 2013 ACS , there were 2,013,155 Cuban Americans ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Stewie Griffin", "text": "There is much debate over which characters in Family Guy can understand Stewie . In an interview , MacFarlane said that everyone can basically understand him , but they ignore him or just think to themselves `` oh how cute '' when he talks . However at a recent ComicCon panel ( 2011 ) , he compares this to Wile E. Coyote in the old Merrie Melodies cartoons . MacFarlane went on to say that Brian always hears Stewie , and more recently so does Chris , but the writers usually strive for Peter , Lois , and Meg not to hear him . Once Stewie leaves the house , the question of who can understand him depends very much on the story . MacFarlane also states that these rules can be broken for the sake of comedy , so this could change from one episode to another . In Inside Family Guy , Peter apologizes to the family , to which Stewie comments : `` Oh that 's nice of you to say '' . Peter replies : `` Thank you , Stewie , who I can understand . '' referring to the ongoing discussion whether or not other family members , than Brian , are able to understand him . However , Peter 's response seems to be a part of the episodes offset setting , where everyone is out of character . ", "sentences": [ "There is much debate over which characters in Family Guy can understand Stewie .", "In an interview , MacFarlane said that everyone can basically understand him , but they ignore him or just think to themselves `` oh how cute '' when he talks .", "However at a recent ComicCon panel ( 2011 ) , he compares this to Wile E. Coyote in the old Merrie Melodies cartoons .", "MacFarlane went on to say that Brian always hears Stewie , and more recently so does Chris , but the writers usually strive for Peter , Lois , and Meg not to hear him .", "Once Stewie leaves the house , the question of who can understand him depends very much on the story .", "MacFarlane also states that these rules can be broken for the sake of comedy , so this could change from one episode to another .", "In Inside Family Guy , Peter apologizes to the family , to which Stewie comments : `` Oh that 's nice of you to say '' .", "Peter replies : `` Thank you , Stewie , who I can understand . ''", "referring to the ongoing discussion whether or not other family members , than Brian , are able to understand him .", "However , Peter 's response seems to be a part of the episodes offset setting , where everyone is out of character ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In an interview , MacFarlane said that everyone can basically understand him , but they ignore him or just think to themselves `` oh how cute '' when he talks . Once Stewie leaves the house , the question of who can understand him depends very much on the story .", "selected_sentences": [ "In an interview , MacFarlane said that everyone can basically understand him , but they ignore him or just think to themselves `` oh how cute '' when he talks .", "Once Stewie leaves the house , the question of who can understand him depends very much on the story ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The question of who can understand Stewie Griffin depends very much on the story. Everyone can basically understand him, said MacFarlane.", "selected_sentences": [ "In an interview , MacFarlane said that everyone can basically understand him , but they ignore him or just think to themselves `` oh how cute '' when he talks .", "Once Stewie leaves the house , the question of who can understand him depends very much on the story ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Chinese food therapy", "text": "Although the precepts of Chinese food therapy are neither systematic nor identical in all times and places , some basic concepts can be isolated . One central tenet is that `` medicine and food share a common origin '' , and that food materials can therefore be used to prevent or treat medical disorders . Like medicinal drugs , food items are classified as `` heating '' ( 热 ; 熱 ; rè ) or `` cooling '' ( 凉 ; 涼 ; liáng ) . In popular understanding , `` heating '' or `` hot '' food is typically `` high - calorie , subjected to high heat in cooking , spicy or bitter , or ' hot ' in color ( red , orange ) '' , and includes red meat , innards , baked and deep - fried goods , and alcohol . They are to be avoided in the summer and can be used to treat `` cold '' illnesses like excessive pallor , watery feces , fatigue , chills , and low body temperature caused by a number of possible causes , including anemia . Green vegetables are the most typical `` cooling '' or `` cold '' food , which is `` low - calorie , watery , soothing or sour in taste , or ' cool ' in color ( whitish , green ) '' . They are recommended for `` hot '' conditions : rashes , dryness or redness of skin , heartburns , and other `` symptoms similar to those of a burn '' , but also sore throat , swollen gums , and constipation . ", "sentences": [ "Although the precepts of Chinese food therapy are neither systematic nor identical in all times and places , some basic concepts can be isolated .", "One central tenet is that `` medicine and food share a common origin '' , and that food materials can therefore be used to prevent or treat medical disorders .", "Like medicinal drugs , food items are classified as `` heating '' ( 热 ; 熱 ; rè ) or `` cooling '' ( 凉 ; 涼 ; liáng ) .", "In popular understanding , `` heating '' or `` hot '' food is typically `` high - calorie , subjected to high heat in cooking , spicy or bitter , or ' hot ' in color ( red , orange ) '' , and includes red meat , innards , baked and deep - fried goods , and alcohol .", "They are to be avoided in the summer and can be used to treat `` cold '' illnesses like excessive pallor , watery feces , fatigue , chills , and low body temperature caused by a number of possible causes , including anemia .", "Green vegetables are the most typical `` cooling '' or `` cold '' food , which is `` low - calorie , watery , soothing or sour in taste , or ' cool ' in color ( whitish , green ) '' .", "They are recommended for `` hot '' conditions : rashes , dryness or redness of skin , heartburns , and other `` symptoms similar to those of a burn '' , but also sore throat , swollen gums , and constipation ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In popular understanding, ``heating'' or ``hot'' food is typically ``high calorie, subjected to high heat in cooking, spicy or bitter, or 'hot' in color (red, orange)'', and includes red meat, innards, baked and deep fried goods, and alcohol. Green vegetables are the most typical ``cooling'' or ``cold'' food, which is `'low calorie, watery, soothing or sour in taste, or 'cool' in color (whitish, green).", "selected_sentences": [ "In popular understanding , `` heating '' or `` hot '' food is typically `` high - calorie , subjected to high heat in cooking , spicy or bitter , or ' hot ' in color ( red , orange ) '' , and includes red meat , innards , baked and deep - fried goods , and alcohol .", "Green vegetables are the most typical `` cooling '' or `` cold '' food , which is `` low - calorie , watery , soothing or sour in taste , or ' cool ' in color ( whitish , green ) '' ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Byzantine law", "text": "In accordance with the late Roman legal tradition , the main source of law ( fons legum ) in Byzantium remained the enactments of the emperors . The latter initiated some major codifications of the Roman law , but they also issued their own `` new laws '' , the Novels ( `` Novellae '' , `` Νεαραὶ '' ) . In early Byzantine ( late Roman ) era the legislative interest of the emperors intensified , and laws were now regulating the main aspects of public , private , economic and social life . For example , Constantine I was the first to regulate divorce and Theodosius I intervened in faith issues , imposing a specific version of the Creed . From Diocletian to Theodosius I , namely during approximately 100 years , more than 2,000 laws were issued . Justinian alone promulgated approximately 600 laws . Gradually , the legislative enthusiasm receded , but still some of the laws of later emperors , such as Leo III 's Novels , are of particular importance . Custom continued to play a limited role as a secondary source of law , but written legislation had a precedence . ", "sentences": [ "In accordance with the late Roman legal tradition , the main source of law ( fons legum ) in Byzantium remained the enactments of the emperors .", "The latter initiated some major codifications of the Roman law , but they also issued their own `` new laws '' , the Novels ( `` Novellae '' , `` Νεαραὶ '' ) .", "In early Byzantine ( late Roman ) era the legislative interest of the emperors intensified , and laws were now regulating the main aspects of public , private , economic and social life .", "For example , Constantine I was the first to regulate divorce and Theodosius I intervened in faith issues , imposing a specific version of the Creed .", "From Diocletian to Theodosius I , namely during approximately 100 years , more than 2,000 laws were issued .", "Justinian alone promulgated approximately 600 laws .", "Gradually , the legislative enthusiasm receded , but still some of the laws of later emperors , such as Leo III 's Novels , are of particular importance .", "Custom continued to play a limited role as a secondary source of law , but written legislation had a precedence ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In early Byzantine era the legislative interest of the emperors intensified, and laws were now regulating the main aspects of public, private, economic and social life. From Diocletian to Theodosius I, namely during approximately 100 years, more than 2,000 laws were issued. Justinian alone promulgated approximately 600 laws.", "selected_sentences": [ "In early Byzantine ( late Roman ) era the legislative interest of the emperors intensified , and laws were now regulating the main aspects of public , private , economic and social life .", "From Diocletian to Theodosius I , namely during approximately 100 years , more than 2,000 laws were issued .", "Justinian alone promulgated approximately 600 laws ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": true } } ]

[ { "title": "Travelin' Soldier", "text": "The song is a tale about a shy , lonesome , young American soldier who strikes up a conversation and later a correspondence with a high school girl during the Vietnam War era . Americana details pervade the lyrics as the song details the correspondence as a relationship forms between the two , despite the insurmountable distance . The last letter from the soldier mentions that `` it 's gettin kinda rough over here '' and he `` wo n't be able to write for a while '' before skipping ahead to a football game at the girl 's high school . After the anthem and Lord 's Prayer , the local Vietnam dead are announced . The soldier 's name is on the list , but only the girl , who is there , recognizes his name , and she mourns for him as stated in the line `` One name read and nobody really cared but a pretty little girl with a bow in her hair . '' ", "sentences": [ "The song is a tale about a shy , lonesome , young American soldier who strikes up a conversation and later a correspondence with a high school girl during the Vietnam War era .", "Americana details pervade the lyrics as the song details the correspondence as a relationship forms between the two , despite the insurmountable distance .", "The last letter from the soldier mentions that `` it 's gettin kinda rough over here '' and he `` wo n't be able to write for a while '' before skipping ahead to a football game at the girl 's high school .", "After the anthem and Lord 's Prayer , the local Vietnam dead are announced .", "The soldier 's name is on the list , but only the girl , who is there , recognizes his name , and she mourns for him as stated in the line `` One name read", "and nobody really cared but a pretty little girl with a bow in her hair . ''" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The song is a tale about a shy, lonesome, young American soldier who strikes up a conversation and later a correspondence with a high school girl during the Vietnam War era. The last letter from the soldier mentions that ``it's gettin kinda rough over here'' and he ``won't be able to write for a while''. After the anthem and Lord's Prayer, the local Vietnam dead are announced. The soldier's name is on the list, but only the girl, who is there, recognizes his name, and she mourns for him as stated in the line ``One name read and nobody really cared but a pretty little girl with a bow in her hair.''", "selected_sentences": [ "The song is a tale about a shy , lonesome , young American soldier who strikes up a conversation and later a correspondence with a high school girl during the Vietnam War era .", "The last letter from the soldier mentions that `` it 's gettin kinda rough over here '' and he `` wo n't be able to write for a while '' before skipping ahead to a football game at the girl 's high school .", "After the anthem and Lord 's Prayer , the local Vietnam dead are announced .", "The soldier 's name is on the list , but only the girl , who is there , recognizes his name , and she mourns for him as stated in the line `` One name read", "and nobody really cared but a pretty little girl with a bow in her hair . ''" ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "List of Prison Break episodes", "text": "A total of 90 episodes of Prison Break have been aired , in addition to three special making - of episodes . The first season aired from August 29 , 2005 to May 15 , 2006 , with a four - month break after Thanksgiving . The second season , which premiered on August 21 , 2006 , had a similar schedule as the first , although it had a shorter break . After an eight - week hiatus , the second season resumed on January 22 , 2007 before ending on April 2 , 2007 . The third season began on September 17 , 2007 , with an eight - episode run . The show 's third season went on hiatus over the 2007 Christmas period because of the 2007 -- 2008 Writers Guild of America strike . It resumed on January 14 , 2008 , and the last five episodes of the season were aired . The fourth season , consisting of 22 episodes , began airing in September 2008 , stopped in December 2008 , and resumed on April 17 , 2009 . After being in development for several months , Fox announced in January 2016 that it had ordered a limited event series that would serve as a continuation to the original series . The season premiered on April 4 , 2017 , on Fox . ", "sentences": [ "A total of 90 episodes of Prison Break have been aired , in addition to three special making - of episodes .", "The first season aired from August 29 , 2005 to May 15 , 2006 , with a four - month break after Thanksgiving .", "The second season , which premiered on August 21 , 2006 , had a similar schedule as the first , although it had a shorter break .", "After an eight - week hiatus , the second season resumed on January 22 , 2007 before ending on April 2 , 2007 .", "The third season began on September 17 , 2007 , with an eight - episode run .", "The show 's third season went on hiatus over the 2007 Christmas period because of the 2007 -- 2008 Writers Guild of America strike .", "It resumed on January 14 , 2008 , and the last five episodes of the season were aired .", "The fourth season , consisting of 22 episodes , began airing in September 2008 , stopped in December 2008 , and resumed on April 17 , 2009 .", "After being in development for several months , Fox announced in January 2016 that it had ordered a limited event series that would serve as a continuation to the original series .", "The season premiered on April 4 , 2017 , on Fox ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "A total of 90 episodes of Prison Break have been aired , in addition to three special making - of episodes . The fourth season resumed on April 17 , 2009 . After being in development for several months , Fox announced in January 2016 that it had ordered a limited event series that would serve as a continuation to the original series . The season premiered on April 4 , 2017 , on Fox .", "selected_sentences": [ "A total of 90 episodes of Prison Break have been aired , in addition to three special making - of episodes .", "The fourth season , consisting of 22 episodes , began airing in September 2008 , stopped in December 2008 , and resumed on April 17 , 2009 .", "After being in development for several months , Fox announced in January 2016 that it had ordered a limited event series that would serve as a continuation to the original series .", "The season premiered on April 4 , 2017 , on Fox ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "A total of 90 episodes of Prison Break have been aired, in addition to three special making-of episodes. After the fourth season, Fox announced in January 2016 that it had ordered a limited event series that would serve as a continuation to the original series. The season premiered on April 4, 2017, on Fox.", "selected_sentences": [ "A total of 90 episodes of Prison Break have been aired , in addition to three special making - of episodes .", "The fourth season , consisting of 22 episodes , began airing in September 2008 , stopped in December 2008 , and resumed on April 17 , 2009 .", "After being in development for several months , Fox announced in January 2016 that it had ordered a limited event series that would serve as a continuation to the original series .", "The season premiered on April 4 , 2017 , on Fox ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "His Eye Is on the Sparrow", "text": "The theme of the song is inspired by the words of David in the Psalms and Jesus in the Gospel of Matthew in the Bible : `` I will instruct thee and teach thee in the way which thou shalt go : I will guide thee with mine eye ( Psalm 32 : 8 ) . `` Look at the birds of the air ; they neither sow nor reap nor gather into barns , and yet your heavenly Father feeds them . Are you not of more value than they ? '' ( Matthew 6 : 26 ) and `` Are not two sparrows sold for a farthing ? and one of them shall not fall on the ground without your Father . But the very hairs of your head are all numbered . Fear ye not therefore , ye are of more value than many sparrows '' ( Matthew 10 : 29 -- 31 ) . ", "sentences": [ "The theme of the song is inspired by the words of David in the Psalms and Jesus in the Gospel of Matthew in the Bible : `` I will instruct thee and teach thee in the way which thou shalt go : I will guide thee with mine eye ( Psalm 32 : 8 ) .", "`` Look at the birds of the air ; they neither sow nor reap nor gather into barns , and yet your heavenly Father feeds them .", "Are you not of more value than they ? ''", "( Matthew 6 : 26 ) and `` Are not two sparrows sold for a farthing ?", "and one of them shall not fall on the ground without your Father .", "But the very hairs of your head are all numbered .", "Fear ye not therefore , ye are of more value than many sparrows ''", "( Matthew 10 : 29 -- 31 ) ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "``Look at the birds of the air; they neither sow nor reap nor gather into barns, and yet your heavenly Father feeds them. Are you not of more value than they? Fear ye not therefore, ye are of more value than many sparrows''.", "selected_sentences": [ "`` Look at the birds of the air ; they neither sow nor reap nor gather into barns , and yet your heavenly Father feeds them .", "Are you not of more value than they ? ''", "Fear ye not therefore , ye are of more value than many sparrows ''" ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": true } } ]

[ { "title": "Magnetosphere of Jupiter", "text": "Jupiter 's internal magnetic field is generated by electrical currents in the planet 's outer core , which is composed of liquid metallic hydrogen . Volcanic eruptions on Jupiter 's moon Io eject large amounts of sulfur dioxide gas into space , forming a large torus around the planet . Jupiter 's magnetic field forces the torus to rotate with the same angular velocity and direction as the planet . The torus in turn loads the magnetic field with plasma , in the process stretching it into a pancake - like structure called a magnetodisk . In effect , Jupiter 's magnetosphere is shaped by Io 's plasma and its own rotation , rather than by the solar wind like Earth 's magnetosphere . Strong currents in the magnetosphere generate permanent auorae around the planet 's poles and intense variable radio emissions , which means that Jupiter can be thought of as a very weak radio pulsar . Jupiter 's aurorae have been observed in almost all parts of the electromagnetic spectrum , including infrared , visible , ultraviolet and soft X-rays . ", "sentences": [ "Jupiter 's internal magnetic field is generated by electrical currents in the planet 's outer core , which is composed of liquid metallic hydrogen .", "Volcanic eruptions on Jupiter 's moon Io eject large amounts of sulfur dioxide gas into space , forming a large torus around the planet .", "Jupiter 's magnetic field forces the torus to rotate with the same angular velocity and direction as the planet .", "The torus in turn loads the magnetic field with plasma , in the process stretching it into a pancake - like structure called a magnetodisk .", "In effect , Jupiter 's magnetosphere is shaped by Io 's plasma and its own rotation , rather than by the solar wind like Earth 's magnetosphere .", "Strong currents in the magnetosphere generate permanent auorae around the planet 's poles and intense variable radio emissions , which means that Jupiter can be thought of as a very weak radio pulsar .", "Jupiter 's aurorae have been observed in almost all parts of the electromagnetic spectrum , including infrared , visible , ultraviolet and soft X-rays ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Volcanic eruptions on Jupiter's moon Io eject large amounts of sulfur dioxide gas into space, forming a large torus around the planet. In effect, Jupiter's magnetosphere is shaped by Io's plasma and its own rotation, rather than by the solar wind like Earth's magnetosphere.", "selected_sentences": [ "Volcanic eruptions on Jupiter 's moon Io eject large amounts of sulfur dioxide gas into space , forming a large torus around the planet .", "In effect , Jupiter 's magnetosphere is shaped by Io 's plasma and its own rotation , rather than by the solar wind like Earth 's magnetosphere ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Jupiter 's internal magnetic field is generated by electrical currents in the planet 's outer core , which is composed of liquid metallic hydrogen . In effect , Jupiter 's magnetosphere is shaped by Io 's plasma and its own rotation.", "selected_sentences": [ "Jupiter 's internal magnetic field is generated by electrical currents in the planet 's outer core , which is composed of liquid metallic hydrogen .", "In effect , Jupiter 's magnetosphere is shaped by Io 's plasma and its own rotation , rather than by the solar wind like Earth 's magnetosphere ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Ellis Island", "text": "After its opening , Ellis Island was again expanded with landfill and additional structures were built . By the time it closed on November 12 , 1954 , twelve million immigrants had been processed by the U.S. Bureau of Immigration . It is estimated that 10.5 million immigrants departed for points across the United States from the Central Railroad of New Jersey Terminal , located just across a narrow strait . Others would have used one of the other terminals along the North River ( Hudson River ) at that time . At first , the majority of immigrants arriving through the station were Northern and Western Europeans ( Germany , Ireland , Britain and the Scandinavian countries ) . Eventually , these groups of peoples slowed in the rates that they were coming in , and immigrants came in from Southern and Eastern Europe , including Jews . Many reasons these immigrants came to the United States included escaping political and economic oppression , as well as persecution , destitution , and violence . Other groups of peoples being processed through the station were Poles , Hungarians , Czechs , Serbs , Slovaks , Greeks , Syrians , Turks , and Armenians . Arriving ", "sentences": [ "After its opening , Ellis Island was again expanded with landfill and additional structures were built .", "By the time it closed on November 12 , 1954 , twelve million immigrants had been processed by the U.S. Bureau of Immigration .", "It is estimated that 10.5 million immigrants departed for points across the United States from the Central Railroad of New Jersey Terminal , located just across a narrow strait .", "Others would have used one of the other terminals along the North River ( Hudson River ) at that time .", "At first , the majority of immigrants arriving through the station were Northern and Western Europeans ( Germany , Ireland , Britain and the Scandinavian countries ) .", "Eventually , these groups of peoples slowed in the rates that they were coming in , and immigrants came in from Southern and Eastern Europe , including Jews .", "Many reasons these immigrants came to the United States included escaping political and economic oppression , as well as persecution , destitution , and violence .", "Other groups of peoples being processed through the station were Poles , Hungarians , Czechs , Serbs , Slovaks , Greeks , Syrians , Turks , and Armenians .", "Arriving" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "At first, the majority of immigrants arriving through the station were Northern and Western Europeans. Eventually, immigrants came in from Southern and Eastern Europe, including Jews. Other groups of peoples being processed through the station were Poles, Hungarians, Czechs, Serbs, Slovaks, Greeks, Syrians, Turks and Armenians.", "selected_sentences": [ "At first , the majority of immigrants arriving through the station were Northern and Western Europeans ( Germany , Ireland , Britain and the Scandinavian countries ) .", "Eventually , these groups of peoples slowed in the rates that they were coming in , and immigrants came in from Southern and Eastern Europe , including Jews .", "Other groups of peoples being processed through the station were Poles , Hungarians , Czechs , Serbs , Slovaks , Greeks , Syrians , Turks , and Armenians ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Slash-and-burn", "text": "Large families or clans wandering in the lush woodlands long continued to be the most common form of life through human prehistory . Axes to fell trees and sickles for harvesting grain were the only tools people might bring with them . All other tools were made from materials they found at the site , such as fire stakes of birch , long rods ( Vanko ) , and harrows made of spruce tops . The extended family conquered the lush virgin forest , burned and cultivated their carefully selected swidden plots , sowed one or more crops , and then proceeded on to forests that had been noted in their wanderings . In the temperate zone , the forest regenerated in the course of a lifetime . So swidden was repeated several times in the same area over the years . But in the tropics the forest floor gradually depleted . It was not only in the moors , as in Northern Europe , but also in the steppe , Savannah , prairie , pampas and barren desert in tropical areas where shifting cultivation is the oldest type of farming . Cultivation is similar to slash - and - burn . ( Clark 1952 91 -- 107 ) . ", "sentences": [ "Large families or clans wandering in the lush woodlands long continued to be the most common form of life through human prehistory .", "Axes to fell trees and sickles for harvesting grain were the only tools people might bring with them .", "All other tools were made from materials they found at the site , such as fire stakes of birch , long rods ( Vanko ) , and harrows made of spruce tops .", "The extended family conquered the lush virgin forest , burned and cultivated their carefully selected swidden plots , sowed one or more crops , and then proceeded on to forests that had been noted in their wanderings .", "In the temperate zone , the forest regenerated in the course of a lifetime .", "So swidden was repeated several times in the same area over the years .", "But in the tropics the forest floor gradually depleted .", "It was not only in the moors , as in Northern Europe , but also in the steppe , Savannah , prairie , pampas and barren desert in tropical areas where shifting cultivation is the oldest type of farming .", "Cultivation is similar to slash - and - burn .", "( Clark 1952 91 -- 107 ) ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Large families or clans wandering in the lush woodlands long continued to be the most common form of life through human prehistory. The extended family conquered the lush virgin forest, burned and cultivated their carefully selected swidden plots, sowed one or more crops and then proceeded on to forests that had been noted in their wanderings. It was not only in the moors, as in Northern Europe, but also in the steppe, Savannah, prairie, pampas and barren desert in tropical areas where shifting cultivation is the oldest type of farming.", "selected_sentences": [ "Large families or clans wandering in the lush woodlands long continued to be the most common form of life through human prehistory .", "The extended family conquered the lush virgin forest , burned and cultivated their carefully selected swidden plots , sowed one or more crops , and then proceeded on to forests that had been noted in their wanderings .", "It was not only in the moors , as in Northern Europe , but also in the steppe , Savannah , prairie , pampas and barren desert in tropical areas where shifting cultivation is the oldest type of farming ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Labor history of the United States", "text": "The history of labor disputes in America substantially precedes the Revolutionary period . In 1636 , for instance , there was a fishermen 's strike on an island off the coast of Maine and in 1677 twelve carmen were fined for going on strike in New York City . However , most instances of labor unrest during the colonial period were temporary and isolated , and rarely resulted in the formation of permanent groups of laborers for negotiation purposes . Little legal recourse was available to those injured by the unrest , because strikes were not typically considered illegal . The only known case of criminal prosecution of workers in the colonial era occurred as a result of a carpenters ' strike in Savannah , Georgia , in 1746 . ", "sentences": [ "The history of labor disputes in America substantially precedes the Revolutionary period .", "In 1636 , for instance , there was a fishermen 's strike on an island off the coast of Maine and in 1677", "twelve carmen were fined for going on strike in New York City .", "However , most instances of labor unrest during the colonial period were temporary and isolated , and rarely resulted in the formation of permanent groups of laborers for negotiation purposes .", "Little legal recourse was available to those injured by the unrest , because strikes were not typically considered illegal .", "The only known case of criminal prosecution of workers in the colonial era occurred as a result of a carpenters ' strike in Savannah , Georgia , in 1746 ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In 1636, there was a fishermen's strike on an island off the coast of Maine and in 1677 twelve carmen were fined for going on strike in New York City. The only known case of criminal prosecution of workers in the colonial era occurred as a result of a carpenters' strike in Savannah, Georgia, in 1746. Most instances of labor unrest during the colonial period were temporary and isolated, and rarely resulted in the formation of permanent groups of laborers for negotiation purposes.", "selected_sentences": [ "In 1636 , for instance , there was a fishermen 's strike on an island off the coast of Maine and in 1677", "twelve carmen were fined for going on strike in New York City .", "However , most instances of labor unrest during the colonial period were temporary and isolated , and rarely resulted in the formation of permanent groups of laborers for negotiation purposes .", "The only known case of criminal prosecution of workers in the colonial era occurred as a result of a carpenters ' strike in Savannah , Georgia , in 1746 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Verizon Fios", "text": "As described in 2007 , Verizon Fios services are delivered over a fiber - to - the - premises network using passive optical network technology . Voice , video , and data travel over three wavelengths in the infrared spectrum . Service is distributed by single - mode optical fiber that extends from an optical line terminal at a Fios central office to the neighborhood , where a passive optical splitter fans out the same signal to up to 32 fibers , thus serving up to 32 subscribers . At the subscriber premises , an optical network terminal ( ONT ) converts signals to the corresponding in - home copper wiring for telephone , television , and Internet access . Some Fios installations use an Ethernet cable for data and coaxial cable for television , while others use the Multimedia over Coax Alliance ( MoCA ) protocol for both data and television over a single coaxial cable . Telephone service is provided over existing cabling in the premises . ", "sentences": [ "As described in 2007 , Verizon Fios services are delivered over a fiber - to - the - premises network using passive optical network technology .", "Voice , video , and data travel over three wavelengths in the infrared spectrum .", "Service is distributed by single - mode optical fiber that extends from an optical line terminal at a Fios central office to the neighborhood , where a passive optical splitter fans out the same signal to up to 32 fibers , thus serving up to 32 subscribers .", "At the subscriber premises , an optical network terminal ( ONT ) converts signals to the corresponding in - home copper wiring for telephone , television , and Internet access .", "Some Fios installations use an Ethernet cable for data and coaxial cable for television , while others use the Multimedia over Coax Alliance ( MoCA ) protocol for both data and television over a single coaxial cable .", "Telephone service is provided over existing cabling in the premises ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Verizon Fios services are delivered over a fiber - to - the - premises network using passive optical network technology. Service is distributed by single - mode optical fiber that extends from an optical line terminal at a Fios central office to the neighborhood, where a passive optical splitter fans out the same signal to up to 32 fibers.", "selected_sentences": [ "As described in 2007 , Verizon Fios services are delivered over a fiber - to - the - premises network using passive optical network technology .", "Service is distributed by single - mode optical fiber that extends from an optical line terminal at a Fios central office to the neighborhood , where a passive optical splitter fans out the same signal to up to 32 fibers , thus serving up to 32 subscribers ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Boreal forest of Canada", "text": "Canada 's Boreal forest comprises about one third of the circumpolar boreal forest that rings the Northern Hemisphere , mostly north of the 50th parallel . Other countries with boreal forest , also called taiga , include Russia , which contains the majority , the United States in its northernmost state of Alaska , and the Scandinavian or Northern European countries ( e.g. Sweden , Finland , Norway and small regions of Scotland ) . The boreal region in Canada covers almost 60 % of the country 's land area . The Canadian boreal region spans the landscape from the most easterly part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador to the border between the far northern Yukon and Alaska . The area is dominated by coniferous forests , particularly spruce , interspersed with vast wetlands , mostly bogs and fens . The boreal region of Canada includes eight ecozones . While the biodiversity of regions varies , each ecozone has a characteristic native flora and fauna . ", "sentences": [ "Canada 's Boreal forest comprises about one third of the circumpolar boreal forest that rings the Northern Hemisphere , mostly north of the 50th parallel .", "Other countries with boreal forest , also called taiga , include Russia , which contains the majority , the United States in its northernmost state of Alaska , and the Scandinavian or Northern European countries ( e.g. Sweden , Finland , Norway and small regions of Scotland ) .", "The boreal region in Canada covers almost 60 % of the country 's land area .", "The Canadian boreal region spans the landscape from the most easterly part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador to the border between the far northern Yukon and Alaska .", "The area is dominated by coniferous forests , particularly spruce , interspersed with vast wetlands , mostly bogs and fens .", "The boreal region of Canada includes eight ecozones .", "While the biodiversity of regions varies , each ecozone has a characteristic native flora and fauna ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Canada 's Boreal forest comprises about one third of the circumpolar boreal forest that rings the Northern Hemisphere , mostly north of the 50th parallel . The Canadian boreal region spans the landscape from the most easterly part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador to the border between the far northern Yukon and Alaska .", "selected_sentences": [ "Canada 's Boreal forest comprises about one third of the circumpolar boreal forest that rings the Northern Hemisphere , mostly north of the 50th parallel .", "The Canadian boreal region spans the landscape from the most easterly part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador to the border between the far northern Yukon and Alaska ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The Canadian boreal region spans the landscape from the most easterly part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador to the border between the far northern Yukon and Alaska .", "selected_sentences": [ "The Canadian boreal region spans the landscape from the most easterly part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador to the border between the far northern Yukon and Alaska ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Sarcoplasmic reticulum", "text": "The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a network of tubules that extend throughout muscle cells , wrapping around ( but not in direct contact with ) the myofibrils ( contractile units of the cell ) . Cardiac and skeletal muscle cells contain structures called transverse tubules ( T - tubules ) , which are extensions of the cell membrane that travel into the centre of the cell . T - tubules are closely associated with a specific region of the SR , known as the terminal cisternae in skeletal muscle , with a distance of roughly 12 nanometers , separating them . This is the primary site of calcium release . The longitudinal SR are thinner projects , that run between the terminal cisternae / junctional SR , and are the location where ion channels necessary for calcium ion absorption are most abundant . These processes are explained in more detail below and are fundamental for the process of excitation - contraction coupling in skeletal , cardiac and smooth muscle . ", "sentences": [ "The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a network of tubules that extend throughout muscle cells , wrapping around ( but not in direct contact with ) the myofibrils ( contractile units of the cell ) .", "Cardiac and skeletal muscle cells contain structures called transverse tubules ( T - tubules ) , which are extensions of the cell membrane that travel into the centre of the cell .", "T - tubules are closely associated with a specific region of the SR , known as the terminal cisternae in skeletal muscle , with a distance of roughly 12 nanometers , separating them .", "This is the primary site of calcium release .", "The longitudinal SR are thinner projects , that run between the terminal cisternae / junctional SR , and are the location where ion channels necessary for calcium ion absorption are most abundant .", "These processes are explained in more detail below and are fundamental for the process of excitation - contraction coupling in skeletal , cardiac and smooth muscle ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a network of tubules that extend throughout muscle cells. The longitudinal SR are thinner projects, that run between the terminal cisternae / junctional SR, and are the location where ion channels necessary for calcium ion absorption are most abundant.", "selected_sentences": [ "The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a network of tubules that extend throughout muscle cells , wrapping around ( but not in direct contact with ) the myofibrils ( contractile units of the cell ) .", "The longitudinal SR are thinner projects , that run between the terminal cisternae / junctional SR , and are the location where ion channels necessary for calcium ion absorption are most abundant ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Bemidji, Minnesota", "text": "Bemidji ( / bəˈmɪdʒiː / bə - MIJ - ee ) is a city in Beltrami County ( and county seat ) , in north west Minnesota , United States . With a population of 14,301 as of July 1 , 2016 , it is the largest commercial center between Grand Forks , North Dakota and Duluth , Minnesota . Bemidji houses many Native American services , including the Indian Health Service . The city is the central hub of the Red Lake Indian Reservation , White Earth Indian Reservation and the Leech Lake Indian Reservation . Bemidji lies on the south west shore of Lake Bemidji , the northernmost lake feeding the Mississippi River and as such is deemed `` The First City On The Mississippi . '' Bemidji is also the self proclaimed `` curling capital '' of the U.S. and birth place of Paul Bunyan ", "sentences": [ "Bemidji ( / bəˈmɪdʒiː / bə - MIJ - ee ) is a city in Beltrami County ( and county seat ) , in north west Minnesota , United States .", "With a population of 14,301 as of July 1 , 2016 , it is the largest commercial center between Grand Forks , North Dakota and Duluth , Minnesota .", "Bemidji houses many Native American services , including the Indian Health Service .", "The city is the central hub of the Red Lake Indian Reservation , White Earth Indian Reservation and the Leech Lake Indian Reservation .", "Bemidji lies on the south west shore of Lake Bemidji , the northernmost lake feeding the Mississippi River and as such is deemed `` The First City On The Mississippi . ''", "Bemidji is also the self proclaimed `` curling capital '' of the U.S. and birth place of Paul Bunyan" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Bemidji is a city in Beltrami County, in north west Minnesota. It is the largest commercial center between Grand Forks, North Dakota and Duluth, Minnesota. Bemidji lies on the south west shore of Lake Bemidji.", "selected_sentences": [ "Bemidji ( / bəˈmɪdʒiː / bə - MIJ - ee ) is a city in Beltrami County ( and county seat ) , in north west Minnesota , United States .", "With a population of 14,301 as of July 1 , 2016 , it is the largest commercial center between Grand Forks , North Dakota and Duluth , Minnesota .", "Bemidji lies on the south west shore of Lake Bemidji , the northernmost lake feeding the Mississippi River and as such is deemed `` The First City On The Mississippi . ''" ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Council of Trent", "text": "The greatest weight in the Council 's decrees is given to the sacraments . The seven sacraments were reaffirmed and the Eucharist pronounced to be a true propitiatory sacrifice as well as a sacrament , in which the bread and wine were consecrated into the Eucharist ( thirteenth and twenty - second sessions ) . The term transubstantiation was used by the Council , but the specific Aristotelian explanation given by Scholasticism was not cited as dogmatic . Instead , the decree states that Christ is `` really , truly , substantially present '' in the consecrated forms . The sacrifice of the Mass was to be offered for dead and living alike and in giving to the apostles the command `` do this in remembrance of me , '' Christ conferred upon them a sacerdotal power . The practice of withholding the cup from the laity was confirmed ( twenty - first session ) as one which the Church Fathers had commanded for good and sufficient reasons ; yet in certain cases the Pope was made the supreme arbiter as to whether the rule should be strictly maintained . On the language of the Mass , `` contrary to what is often said '' , the council condemned the belief that only vernacular languages should be used , while insisting on the use of Latin . ", "sentences": [ "The greatest weight in the Council 's decrees is given to the sacraments .", "The seven sacraments were reaffirmed and the Eucharist pronounced to be a true propitiatory sacrifice as well as a sacrament , in which the bread and wine were consecrated into the Eucharist ( thirteenth and twenty - second sessions ) .", "The term transubstantiation was used by the Council , but the specific Aristotelian explanation given by Scholasticism was not cited as dogmatic .", "Instead , the decree states that Christ is `` really , truly , substantially present '' in the consecrated forms .", "The sacrifice of the Mass was to be offered for dead and living alike and in giving to the apostles the command `` do this in remembrance of me , '' Christ conferred upon them a sacerdotal power .", "The practice of withholding the cup from the laity was confirmed ( twenty - first session ) as one which the Church Fathers had commanded for good and sufficient reasons ; yet in certain cases the Pope was made the supreme arbiter as to whether the rule should be strictly maintained .", "On the language of the Mass , `` contrary to what is often said '' , the council condemned the belief that only vernacular languages should be used , while insisting on the use of Latin ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The greatest weight in the Council 's decrees is given to the sacraments . The decree states that Christ is `` really , truly , substantially present '' in the consecrated forms . The sacrifice of the Mass was to be offered for dead and living alike and in giving to the apostles the command `` do this in remembrance of me , '' Christ conferred upon them a sacerdotal power .", "selected_sentences": [ "The greatest weight in the Council 's decrees is given to the sacraments .", "Instead , the decree states that Christ is `` really , truly , substantially present '' in the consecrated forms .", "The sacrifice of the Mass was to be offered for dead and living alike and in giving to the apostles the command `` do this in remembrance of me , '' Christ conferred upon them a sacerdotal power ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "List of The Vampire Diaries characters", "text": "Katherine Pierce , born Katerina Petrova ( based on Katherine von Swartzschild from the novels ) , was part of a `` Traveler '' ( or Romani ) family , and was banished to England after bearing an illegitimate child . Upon meeting Klaus and Elijah , two of the original vampires , she learns that she is a Petrova doppelgänger -- which means that she can be sacrificed to release Klaus ' werewolf side . She tricked other vampires into turning her , thereby making her useless to Klaus , then spent 500 years running and hiding to escape his wrath . She arrives in Mystic Falls , where both Stefan and Damon Salvatore fall in love with her . She escapes the burning of vampires in the town , and gives the brothers her blood so that they both turn into vampires after being shot . Damon spends 145 years trying to free Katherine from a tomb , though she is not there when he opens it . In the last episode of season one , Katherine returns to Mystic Falls . ", "sentences": [ "Katherine Pierce , born Katerina Petrova ( based on Katherine von Swartzschild from the novels ) , was part of a `` Traveler '' ( or Romani ) family , and was banished to England after bearing an illegitimate child .", "Upon meeting Klaus and Elijah , two of the original vampires , she learns that she is a Petrova doppelgänger -- which means that she can be sacrificed to release Klaus ' werewolf side .", "She tricked other vampires into turning her , thereby making her useless to Klaus , then spent 500 years running and hiding to escape his wrath .", "She arrives in Mystic Falls , where both Stefan and Damon Salvatore fall in love with her .", "She escapes the burning of vampires in the town , and gives the brothers her blood so that they both turn into vampires after being shot .", "Damon spends 145 years trying to free Katherine from a tomb , though she is not there when he opens it .", "In the last episode of season one , Katherine returns to Mystic Falls ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Katherine Pierce tricked other vampires into turning her , thereby making her useless to Klaus , then spent 500 years running and hiding to escape his wrath .", "selected_sentences": [ "Katherine Pierce , born Katerina Petrova ( based on Katherine von Swartzschild from the novels ) , was part of a `` Traveler '' ( or Romani ) family , and was banished to England after bearing an illegitimate child .", "She tricked other vampires into turning her , thereby making her useless to Klaus , then spent 500 years running and hiding to escape his wrath ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "In The Vampire Diaries, Katherine Pierce tricked other vampires into turning her into a vampire.", "selected_sentences": [ "Katherine Pierce , born Katerina Petrova ( based on Katherine von Swartzschild from the novels ) , was part of a `` Traveler '' ( or Romani ) family , and was banished to England after bearing an illegitimate child .", "She tricked other vampires into turning her , thereby making her useless to Klaus , then spent 500 years running and hiding to escape his wrath ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "A Good Year", "text": "The film was shot throughout nine weeks in 2005 , mostly in locations Scott described as `` eight minutes from my house '' . French locations were filmed at Bonnieux , Cucuron and Gordes in Vaucluse , Marseille Provence Airport , and the rail station in Avignon . London locations included Albion Riverside in Battersea , Broadgate , the Bluebird Cafe on King 's Road in Chelsea , and Criterion Restaurant in Piccadilly Circus . The scene with the tennis match between Max and Duflot was added on the set , replacing an argument at the vines to provide `` a battle scene '' . As the swimming pool on Chateau La Canorgue did not fit the one Scott had envisioned from the scene , only the scenes outside the pool were filmed there . The one after Max had fallen was dug and concreted nearby , and the original one had its bottom replaced digitally to match . The production team could not film the wine cave from La Canorgue as they shot during the period where it was being used , so the wine cellar from a nearby hotel was turned into a cave . While southern France does not have clay courts as the weather makes them hard to maintain , Scott wanted one for its dirty and beaten up aspect , so the tennis court was built from scratch , including posts straight from the Wimbledon courts . Fanny 's cafe was shot in a Gordes restaurant , with designer Sonja Klaus decorating it with items bought from second - hand shops considering the character would have done the same . Klaus employed a kitsch decoration on Duflot 's estate to show it was `` a character keeping up with the Joneses -- if it was in America , he would drive a golden Cadillac with leopard skin print seats '' , and decorated the large water basin of Cucuron with floating candles to `` make it look like a fabulous event '' for Max 's dinner with Fanny . ", "sentences": [ "The film was shot throughout nine weeks in 2005 , mostly in locations Scott described as `` eight minutes from my house '' .", "French locations were filmed at Bonnieux , Cucuron and Gordes in Vaucluse , Marseille Provence Airport , and the rail station in Avignon .", "London locations included Albion Riverside in Battersea , Broadgate , the Bluebird Cafe on King 's Road in Chelsea , and Criterion Restaurant in Piccadilly Circus .", "The scene with the tennis match between Max and Duflot was added on the set , replacing an argument at the vines to provide `` a battle scene '' .", "As the swimming pool on Chateau La Canorgue did not fit the one Scott had envisioned from the scene , only the scenes outside the pool were filmed there .", "The one after Max had fallen was dug and concreted nearby , and the original one had its bottom replaced digitally to match .", "The production team could not film the wine cave from La Canorgue as they shot during the period where it was being used , so the wine cellar from a nearby hotel was turned into a cave .", "While southern France does not have clay courts as the weather makes them hard to maintain , Scott wanted one for its dirty and beaten up aspect , so the tennis court was built from scratch , including posts straight from the Wimbledon courts .", "Fanny 's cafe was shot in a Gordes restaurant , with designer Sonja Klaus decorating it with items bought from second - hand shops considering the character would have done the same .", "Klaus employed a kitsch decoration on Duflot 's estate to show it was `` a character keeping up with the Joneses -- if it was in America , he would drive a golden Cadillac with leopard skin print seats '' , and decorated the large water basin of Cucuron with floating candles to `` make it look like a fabulous event '' for Max 's dinner with Fanny ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "French locations were filmed at Bonnieux, Cucuron and Gordes in Vaucluse, Marseille Provence Airport, and the rail station in Avignon.\r\n London locations included Albion Riverside in Battersea, Broadgate, the Bluebird Cafe on King's Road in Chelsea, and Criterion Restaurant in Piccadilly Circus.\r\nFanny's cafe was shot in a Gordes restaurant.", "selected_sentences": [ "French locations were filmed at Bonnieux , Cucuron and Gordes in Vaucluse , Marseille Provence Airport , and the rail station in Avignon .", "London locations included Albion Riverside in Battersea , Broadgate , the Bluebird Cafe on King 's Road in Chelsea , and Criterion Restaurant in Piccadilly Circus .", "Fanny 's cafe was shot in a Gordes restaurant , with designer Sonja Klaus decorating it with items bought from second - hand shops considering the character would have done the same ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "French locations of \"A Good Year\" were filmed at Bonnieux, Cucuron and Gordes in Vaucluse, Marseille Provence Airport, and the rail station in Avignon. London locations included Albion Riverside in Battersea, Broadgate, the Bluebird Cafe on King's Road in Chelsea, and Criterion Restaurant in Piccadilly Circus. Fanny's cafe was shot in a Gordes restaurant.", "selected_sentences": [ "French locations were filmed at Bonnieux , Cucuron and Gordes in Vaucluse , Marseille Provence Airport , and the rail station in Avignon .", "London locations included Albion Riverside in Battersea , Broadgate , the Bluebird Cafe on King 's Road in Chelsea , and Criterion Restaurant in Piccadilly Circus .", "Fanny 's cafe was shot in a Gordes restaurant , with designer Sonja Klaus decorating it with items bought from second - hand shops considering the character would have done the same ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "The Tiger Who Came to Tea", "text": "A little girl named Sophie is having tea with her mother in their kitchen . Soon they are joined for tea by a tiger who drinks all the tea , eats all the food in the house and drinks everything , even draining the water from the taps . Then he leaves . Sophie 's father comes home and suggests that they all go out and have a lovely meal in a cafe . The following day Sophie and her mother go out to buy some more food , including a big tin of tiger food . But the tiger never returns . ", "sentences": [ "A little girl named Sophie is having tea with her mother in their kitchen .", "Soon they are joined for tea by a tiger who drinks all the tea , eats all the food in the house and drinks everything , even draining the water from the taps .", "Then he leaves .", "Sophie 's father comes home and suggests that they all go out and have a lovely meal in a cafe .", "The following day Sophie and her mother go out to buy some more food , including a big tin of tiger food .", "But the tiger never returns ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "A little girl named Sophie is having tea with her mother in their kitchen. Soon they are joined for tea by a tiger who drinks all the tea, eats all the food in the house and drinks everything, even draining the water from the taps. Then he leaves. The following day Sophie and her mother go out to buy some more food, including a big tin of tiger food.\r\n But the tiger never returns.", "selected_sentences": [ "A little girl named Sophie is having tea with her mother in their kitchen .", "The following day Sophie and her mother go out to buy some more food , including a big tin of tiger food .", "But the tiger never returns ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Beth (song)", "text": "Kiss ' drummer Peter Criss sings the song , which was co-written by Criss and guitarist Stan Penridge . The song was written before Criss had joined the band , while he and Penridge were members of Chelsea . A bootleg exists of the song from 1971 , but the song was sung `` Beck , what can I do ? '' `` Beck '' was the nickname of fellow Chelsea member Mike Brand 's wife , Becky , who would call often during practices to ask Mike when he was coming home . In an article for Rolling Stone , Paul Stanley questioned Criss ' role in co-writing the song , saying , `` Peter had nothing to do with it . '' Changing the song 's title to `` Beth '' for Kiss 's recording has been credited to both Bob Ezrin and Gene Simmons , but Lydia Criss ( who was married to Peter Criss throughout the 1970s ) says that she alone is responsible for the name change . ", "sentences": [ "Kiss ' drummer Peter Criss sings the song , which was co-written by Criss and guitarist Stan Penridge .", "The song was written before Criss had joined the band , while he and Penridge were members of Chelsea .", "A bootleg exists of the song from 1971 , but the song was sung `` Beck , what can I do ? ''", "`` Beck '' was the nickname of fellow Chelsea member Mike Brand 's wife , Becky , who would call often during practices to ask Mike when he was coming home .", "In an article for Rolling Stone , Paul Stanley questioned Criss ' role in co-writing the song , saying , `` Peter had nothing to do with it . ''", "Changing the song 's title to `` Beth '' for Kiss 's recording has been credited to both Bob Ezrin and Gene Simmons , but Lydia Criss ( who was married to Peter Criss throughout the 1970s ) says that she alone is responsible for the name change ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "``Beck'' was the nickname of fellow Chelsea member Mike Brand's wife, Becky, who would call often during practices to ask Mike when he was coming home. Changing the song's title to ``Beth'' for Kiss's recording has been credited to both Bob Ezrin and Gene Simmons, but Lydia Criss says that she alone is responsible for the name change.", "selected_sentences": [ "`` Beck '' was the nickname of fellow Chelsea member Mike Brand 's wife , Becky , who would call often during practices to ask Mike when he was coming home .", "Changing the song 's title to `` Beth '' for Kiss 's recording has been credited to both Bob Ezrin and Gene Simmons , but Lydia Criss ( who was married to Peter Criss throughout the 1970s ) says that she alone is responsible for the name change ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The song was sung `` Beck , what can I do ? '' `` Beck '' was the nickname of fellow Chelsea member Mike Brand 's wife , Becky , who would call often during practices to ask Mike when he was coming home .", "selected_sentences": [ "A bootleg exists of the song from 1971 , but the song was sung `` Beck , what can I do ? ''", "`` Beck '' was the nickname of fellow Chelsea member Mike Brand 's wife , Becky , who would call often during practices to ask Mike when he was coming home ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "War of 1812", "text": "With the majority of their army in Europe fighting Napoleon , the British adopted a defensive strategy . American prosecution of the war effort suffered from its unpopularity , especially in New England , where it was derogatorily referred to as `` Mr. Madison 's War '' . American defeats at the Siege of Detroit and the Battle of Queenston Heights thwarted attempts to seize Upper Canada , improving British morale . American attempts to invade Lower Canada and capture Montreal also failed . In 1813 , at the Battle of Lake Erie the Americans won control of Lake Erie and at the Battle of the Thames , defeated Tecumseh 's Confederacy , securing a primary war goal . At sea , the powerful Royal Navy blockaded American ports , cutting off trade and allowing the British to raid the coast at will . In 1814 , one of these raids burned the capital , Washington , although the Americans subsequently repulsed British attempts to invade New England and capture Baltimore . ", "sentences": [ "With the majority of their army in Europe fighting Napoleon , the British adopted a defensive strategy .", "American prosecution of the war effort suffered from its unpopularity , especially in New England , where it was derogatorily referred to as `` Mr. Madison 's War '' .", "American defeats at the Siege of Detroit and the Battle of Queenston Heights thwarted attempts to seize Upper Canada , improving British morale .", "American attempts to invade Lower Canada and capture Montreal also failed .", "In 1813 , at the Battle of Lake Erie the Americans won control of Lake Erie and at the Battle of the Thames , defeated Tecumseh 's Confederacy , securing a primary war goal .", "At sea , the powerful Royal Navy blockaded American ports , cutting off trade and allowing the British to raid the coast at will .", "In 1814 , one of these raids burned the capital , Washington , although the Americans subsequently repulsed British attempts to invade New England and capture Baltimore ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In 1813, at the Battle of Lake Erie the Americans won control of Lake Erie and at the Battle of the Thames, defeated Tecumseh's Confederacy, securing a primary war goal. In 1814, the Americans repulsed British attempts to invade New England and capture Baltimore.", "selected_sentences": [ "In 1814 , one of these raids burned the capital , Washington , although the Americans subsequently repulsed British attempts to invade New England and capture Baltimore ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Secretary-General of the United Nations", "text": "The Secretary - General was envisioned by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt as a `` world moderator '' , but the vague definition provided by the United Nations Charter left much room for interpretation . The Secretary - General is the `` chief administrative officer '' of the UN ( Article 97 ) `` in all meetings of the General Assembly , of the Security Council , of the Economic and Social Council and the Trusteeship Council , and shall perform other functions as are entrusted to him by these organs '' ( Article 98 ) . They are also responsible for making an annual report to the General Assembly . They may notify the Security Council on matters which `` in their opinion may threaten the maintenance of international peace and security '' . ", "sentences": [ "The Secretary - General was envisioned by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt as a `` world moderator '' , but the vague definition provided by the United Nations Charter left much room for interpretation .", "The Secretary - General is the `` chief administrative officer '' of the UN ( Article 97 )", "`` in all meetings of the General Assembly , of the Security Council , of the Economic and Social Council and the Trusteeship Council , and shall perform other functions as are entrusted to him by these organs '' ( Article 98 ) .", "They are also responsible for making an annual report to the General Assembly .", "They may notify the Security Council on matters which `` in their opinion may threaten the maintenance of international peace and security '' ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Secretary - General was envisioned by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt as a ``world moderator''. The Secretary - General is the ``chief administrative officer'' of the UN. They are also responsible for making an annual report to the General Assembly. They may notify the Security Council on matters which ``in their opinion may threaten the maintenance of international peace and security''.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Secretary - General was envisioned by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt as a `` world moderator '' , but the vague definition provided by the United Nations Charter left much room for interpretation .", "The Secretary - General is the `` chief administrative officer '' of the UN ( Article 97 )", "They are also responsible for making an annual report to the General Assembly .", "They may notify the Security Council on matters which `` in their opinion may threaten the maintenance of international peace and security '' ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Elections in Iran", "text": "Iran elects on national level a head of state and head of government ( the president ) , a legislature ( the Majlis ) , and an `` Assembly of Experts '' ( which elects the Supreme Leader ) . Also City and Village Council elections are held every four years throughout the country . The president is elected for a four - year term by the people . The Parliament or Islamic Consultative Assembly ( Majlis - e Shura - ye Eslami ) has 290 members , elected for a four - year term in multi - and single - seat constituencies . Elections for the Assembly of Experts are held every eight years . All candidates have to be approved by the Guardian Council . See Politics of Iran for more details . ", "sentences": [ "Iran elects on national level a head of state and head of government ( the president ) , a legislature ( the Majlis ) , and an `` Assembly of Experts '' ( which elects the Supreme Leader ) .", "Also City and Village Council elections are held every four years throughout the country .", "The president is elected for a four - year term by the people .", "The Parliament or Islamic Consultative Assembly ( Majlis - e Shura - ye Eslami ) has 290 members , elected for a four - year term in multi - and single - seat constituencies .", "Elections for the Assembly of Experts are held every eight years .", "All candidates have to be approved by the Guardian Council .", "See Politics of Iran for more details ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Parliament or Islamic Consultative Assembly ( Majlis - e Shura - ye Eslami ) has 290 members , elected for a four - year term in multi - and single - seat constituencies . All candidates have to be approved by the Guardian Council .", "selected_sentences": [ "The Parliament or Islamic Consultative Assembly ( Majlis - e Shura - ye Eslami ) has 290 members , elected for a four - year term in multi - and single - seat constituencies .", "All candidates have to be approved by the Guardian Council ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Jackie Burkhart", "text": "Throughout season eight , Jackie remains single . She and Hyde , no longer together , have since remained good friends . However , their behavior regresses to how it was in the earlier seasons . Fez tells Jackie that Kelso intends to propose to her , and she decides that she will accept , but after considering it , she turns him down claiming that though she loves Kelso , he still has a lot of maturing to do , and now is not the time for them to be together . Feeling that she is in a low point in her life , Jackie decides to find someone that would be perfect for her and writes out a list of what she wants in a man . She is surprised to find out that Fez matches everything on the list . She denies this at first , but quickly comes around to the idea and decides to wait for Fez to come to her . Fez , however , is clueless of her attraction to him and is instead seeing other women at the time , which makes it hard for her . Jackie then chooses to go to him . She kisses him and asks if they can be together because he is the one good thing in her life right now , but Fez turns her down , feeling that she is treating him as a last resort , citing how she has already dated both Kelso and Hyde . Jackie then goes to the bathroom and cries , but immediately after vows revenge on Fez . She flushes his toothbrush , microwaves his lotion , and ruins his car with graffiti . To get back at Jackie , Fez dyes her hair green , and says that now she is ugly on the outside like she is on the inside . Hurt by Fez 's words , Jackie decides to move out . However , she later learns through one of his friends that he loves her and wishes that he had never said those things . They eventually reconcile and in the final episode , Fez and Jackie finally get together and kiss atop the water tower . ", "sentences": [ "Throughout season eight , Jackie remains single .", "She and Hyde , no longer together , have since remained good friends .", "However , their behavior regresses to how it was in the earlier seasons .", "Fez tells Jackie that Kelso intends to propose to her , and she decides that she will accept , but after considering it , she turns him down claiming that though she loves Kelso , he still has a lot of maturing to do , and now is not the time for them to be together .", "Feeling that she is in a low point in her life , Jackie decides to find someone that would be perfect for her and writes out a list of what she wants in a man .", "She is surprised to find out that Fez matches everything on the list .", "She denies this at first , but quickly comes around to the idea and decides to wait for Fez to come to her .", "Fez , however , is clueless of her attraction to him and is instead seeing other women at the time , which makes it hard for her .", "Jackie then chooses to go to him .", "She kisses him and asks if they can be together because he is the one good thing in her life right now , but Fez turns her down , feeling that she is treating him as a last resort , citing how she has already dated both Kelso and Hyde .", "Jackie then goes to the bathroom and cries , but immediately after vows revenge on Fez .", "She flushes his toothbrush , microwaves his lotion , and ruins his car with graffiti .", "To get back at Jackie , Fez dyes her hair green , and says that now she is ugly on the outside like she is on the inside .", "Hurt by Fez 's words , Jackie decides to move out .", "However , she later learns through one of his friends that he loves her and wishes that he had never said those things .", "They eventually reconcile and in the final episode , Fez and Jackie finally get together and kiss atop the water tower ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Jackie kisses him and asks if they can be together because he is the one good thing in her life right now, but Fez turns her down. They eventually reconcile and in the final episode, Fez and Jackie finally get together and kiss atop the water tower.", "selected_sentences": [ "Jackie then chooses to go to him .", "She kisses him and asks if they can be together because he is the one good thing in her life right now , but Fez turns her down , feeling that she is treating him as a last resort , citing how she has already dated both Kelso and Hyde .", "They eventually reconcile and in the final episode , Fez and Jackie finally get together and kiss atop the water tower ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Jackie Burkhart kissed Fez and asked if they could be together because he was the one good thing in her life.", "selected_sentences": [ "She kisses him and asks if they can be together because he is the one good thing in her life right now , but Fez turns her down , feeling that she is treating him as a last resort , citing how she has already dated both Kelso and Hyde ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "B.Y.O.B. (song)", "text": "`` B.Y.O.B. '' ( `` Bring Your Own Bombs '' ) is a song by Armenian - American alternative metal band System of a Down . It was released in March 2005 as the lead single from their fourth album Mezmerize . Like their earlier song `` Boom ! '' , it was written in protest against the Iraq War . The song reached number 27 on the US Billboard Hot 100 , the band 's highest peak to date on the chart . ", "sentences": [ "`` B.Y.O.B. ''", "( `` Bring Your Own Bombs '' ) is a song by Armenian - American alternative metal band System of a Down .", "It was released in March 2005 as the lead single from their fourth album Mezmerize .", "Like their earlier song `` Boom ! ''", ", it was written in protest against the Iraq War .", "The song reached number 27 on the US Billboard Hot 100 , the band 's highest peak to date on the chart ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "(`` Bring Your Own Bombs\" ) is a song by Armenian-American alternative metal band System of a Down . The song was written in protest against the Iraq War.", "selected_sentences": [ "( `` Bring Your Own Bombs '' ) is a song by Armenian - American alternative metal band System of a Down .", ", it was written in protest against the Iraq War ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "``B.Y.O.B.'' stands for ``Bring Your Own Bombs\" written in protest against the Iraq War.", "selected_sentences": [ "`` B.Y.O.B. ''", "( `` Bring Your Own Bombs '' ) is a song by Armenian - American alternative metal band System of a Down .", ", it was written in protest against the Iraq War ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]