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wiki20220301en020_106327	Steve Harvey	He had appeared in the 2003 movie The Fighting Temptations alongside Cuba Gooding Jr. and Beyoncé Knowles. The same year he played the role of Clarence Johnson in the film Love Don't Cost a Thing. In 2004 he had roles in the films Johnson Family Vacation and You Got Served; and, in 2005, he co-starred in the movie Racing Stripes as the voice of Buzz. In 2006, Harvey released the stand-up special Steve Harvey: Don't Trip... He Ain't Through with Me Yet directed by Leslie Small. The special was filmed at MegaFest with Harvey not using profanity during the show. In 2008, Harvey hosted the Disney Dreamers Academy, a teen-focused personal and professional enrichment event that took place January 17–20, 2008, at the Walt Disney World Resort in Lake Buena Vista, Florida.	Steve Harvey. He had appeared in the 2003 movie The Fighting Temptations alongside Cuba Gooding Jr. and Beyoncé Knowles. The same year he played the role of Clarence Johnson in the film Love Don't Cost a Thing. In 2004 he had roles in the films Johnson Family Vacation and You Got Served; and, in 2005, he co-starred in the movie Racing Stripes as the voice of Buzz. In 2006, Harvey released the stand-up special Steve Harvey: Don't Trip... He Ain't Through with Me Yet directed by Leslie Small. The special was filmed at MegaFest with Harvey not using profanity during the show. In 2008, Harvey hosted the Disney Dreamers Academy, a teen-focused personal and professional enrichment event that took place January 17–20, 2008, at the Walt Disney World Resort in Lake Buena Vista, Florida.	524938
wiki20220301en020_106328	Steve Harvey	Harvey released the book Act Like a Lady, Think Like a Man in 2009. The book is about how men think about women and relationships. Based on the book, the 2012 film Think Like a Man, is an ensemble romantic comedy depicting characters taking advice on dating from the book. The hardcover version spent 64 weeks on The New York Times best-seller list, 23 of those weeks at No. 1. 2010–2016; Family Feud and other ventures Harvey began hosting Family Feud in September 2010. The show has seen improved ratings under Harvey, and he has surpassed every previous Feud host to date in length of consecutive tenures. Harvey also hosts Celebrity Family Feud, where celebrities compete for a chance to donate up to $25,000 to their favorite charity. The show airs during the summer on ABC.	Steve Harvey. Harvey released the book Act Like a Lady, Think Like a Man in 2009. The book is about how men think about women and relationships. Based on the book, the 2012 film Think Like a Man, is an ensemble romantic comedy depicting characters taking advice on dating from the book. The hardcover version spent 64 weeks on The New York Times best-seller list, 23 of those weeks at No. 1. 2010–2016; Family Feud and other ventures Harvey began hosting Family Feud in September 2010. The show has seen improved ratings under Harvey, and he has surpassed every previous Feud host to date in length of consecutive tenures. Harvey also hosts Celebrity Family Feud, where celebrities compete for a chance to donate up to $25,000 to their favorite charity. The show airs during the summer on ABC.	524938
wiki20220301en020_106329	Steve Harvey	On August 2, 2012, Harvey performed his final stand-up act at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas, ending a 27-year career as a stand-up comedian. The two-hour performance was broadcast live on Pay-Per-View. The same year, Harvey debuted a self-titled syndicated talk show produced by Endemol and distributed by NBCUniversal Television Distribution at the NBC Tower in Chicago. In 2013, Harvey became the first double host nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award, receiving nominations for both Outstanding Talk Show Host and Outstanding Game Show Host. He was also honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. The following year, Harvey launched a new dating website called Delightful. It is a joint venture with IAC with Harvey supplying articles and videos for the site.	Steve Harvey. On August 2, 2012, Harvey performed his final stand-up act at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas, ending a 27-year career as a stand-up comedian. The two-hour performance was broadcast live on Pay-Per-View. The same year, Harvey debuted a self-titled syndicated talk show produced by Endemol and distributed by NBCUniversal Television Distribution at the NBC Tower in Chicago. In 2013, Harvey became the first double host nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award, receiving nominations for both Outstanding Talk Show Host and Outstanding Game Show Host. He was also honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. The following year, Harvey launched a new dating website called Delightful. It is a joint venture with IAC with Harvey supplying articles and videos for the site.	524938
wiki20220301en020_106330	Steve Harvey	In December 2015, Harvey hosted the Miss Universe 2015 pageant in Las Vegas. Upon announcing the final results, he mistakenly named the first runner-up, Miss Colombia (Ariadna Gutiérrez) as the winner. A few minutes after she was crowned, Harvey announced that he had read the results incorrectly and that Miss Philippines (Pia Wurtzbach) was the new Miss Universe. He apologized to Wurtzbach outside the venue and later tweeted an apology to both contestants. Harvey also hosted the Miss Universe 2016 pageant in the Philippines on January 30, 2017, telling the Miss Universe Organization that he wanted to personally apologize to the Filipinos for the incident that occurred in the last Miss Universe pageant he hosted. He returned as host for the Miss Universe 2017 pageant in Las Vegas on November 26, 2017, the Miss Universe 2018 pageant in Thailand on December 17, 2018, the Miss Universe 2019 pageant on December 8, 2019 in Atlanta, Georgia, and the Miss Universe 2021 pageant in Israel on	Steve Harvey. In December 2015, Harvey hosted the Miss Universe 2015 pageant in Las Vegas. Upon announcing the final results, he mistakenly named the first runner-up, Miss Colombia (Ariadna Gutiérrez) as the winner. A few minutes after she was crowned, Harvey announced that he had read the results incorrectly and that Miss Philippines (Pia Wurtzbach) was the new Miss Universe. He apologized to Wurtzbach outside the venue and later tweeted an apology to both contestants. Harvey also hosted the Miss Universe 2016 pageant in the Philippines on January 30, 2017, telling the Miss Universe Organization that he wanted to personally apologize to the Filipinos for the incident that occurred in the last Miss Universe pageant he hosted. He returned as host for the Miss Universe 2017 pageant in Las Vegas on November 26, 2017, the Miss Universe 2018 pageant in Thailand on December 17, 2018, the Miss Universe 2019 pageant on December 8, 2019 in Atlanta, Georgia, and the Miss Universe 2021 pageant in Israel on	524938
wiki20220301en020_106331	Steve Harvey	26, 2017, the Miss Universe 2018 pageant in Thailand on December 17, 2018, the Miss Universe 2019 pageant on December 8, 2019 in Atlanta, Georgia, and the Miss Universe 2021 pageant in Israel on December, 13, 2021.	Steve Harvey. 26, 2017, the Miss Universe 2018 pageant in Thailand on December 17, 2018, the Miss Universe 2019 pageant on December 8, 2019 in Atlanta, Georgia, and the Miss Universe 2021 pageant in Israel on December, 13, 2021.	524938
wiki20220301en020_106332	Steve Harvey	In January 2016, Harvey gave a motivational speech to audience members after the taping of an episode of Family Feud. The theme of the speech was for people to embrace the skills they were born with. He references embracing the gifts with jumping from a cliff and relying on the parachute (those gifts) to help you. The speech was the motivation for the book Leap: Take the Leap of Faith to Achieve Your Life of Abundance, published by Harvey in 2016.	Steve Harvey. In January 2016, Harvey gave a motivational speech to audience members after the taping of an episode of Family Feud. The theme of the speech was for people to embrace the skills they were born with. He references embracing the gifts with jumping from a cliff and relying on the parachute (those gifts) to help you. The speech was the motivation for the book Leap: Take the Leap of Faith to Achieve Your Life of Abundance, published by Harvey in 2016.	524938
wiki20220301en020_106333	Steve Harvey	In October 2016, it was announced that Harvey would host two revival specials of Showtime at the Apollo for Fox. In November 2016, the Steve Harvey talk show was cancelled, and it was announced that Harvey had reached a deal with IMG to produce a new syndicated talk show in Los Angeles with NBCUniversal. The new series, Steve, premiered in September 2017, and was described as having more of a celebrity and comedy oriented format with a larger amount of creative control held by Harvey, as opposed to the previous program's larger focus on human interest subjects. To facilitate the new series, production of Harvey's radio show and Family Feud were relocated to L.A. Harvey is the co-creator of Little Big Shots, a series launched in 2016; executive producers are Harvey and Ellen DeGeneres. The series features children demonstrating talents and engaging in conversation with Harvey. Harvey hosted the show until 2019. 2017–present; Steve Harvey Global	Steve Harvey. In October 2016, it was announced that Harvey would host two revival specials of Showtime at the Apollo for Fox. In November 2016, the Steve Harvey talk show was cancelled, and it was announced that Harvey had reached a deal with IMG to produce a new syndicated talk show in Los Angeles with NBCUniversal. The new series, Steve, premiered in September 2017, and was described as having more of a celebrity and comedy oriented format with a larger amount of creative control held by Harvey, as opposed to the previous program's larger focus on human interest subjects. To facilitate the new series, production of Harvey's radio show and Family Feud were relocated to L.A. Harvey is the co-creator of Little Big Shots, a series launched in 2016; executive producers are Harvey and Ellen DeGeneres. The series features children demonstrating talents and engaging in conversation with Harvey. Harvey hosted the show until 2019. 2017–present; Steve Harvey Global	524938
wiki20220301en020_106334	Steve Harvey	2017–present; Steve Harvey Global Harvey united all of his businesses under Steve Harvey Global (SHG) in 2017. Brands under SHG include East One Twelve, Harvey's in-house production company that is used to develop digital content, films, and television. The company also owns the rights for international versions of Family Feud, of which an African version of the show was announced to begin in 2020. He also launched the Sand and Soul Festival in 2017. The event has been held yearly and features live music, comedy, and a question and answers session with Harvey and his wife Marjorie. He also launched Harvey Events, a special events company led by his daughter Morgan Hawthorne and son-in-law Kareem Hawthorne. It has produced events such as the FroRibbean Fest in Atlanta in 2018.	Steve Harvey. 2017–present; Steve Harvey Global Harvey united all of his businesses under Steve Harvey Global (SHG) in 2017. Brands under SHG include East One Twelve, Harvey's in-house production company that is used to develop digital content, films, and television. The company also owns the rights for international versions of Family Feud, of which an African version of the show was announced to begin in 2020. He also launched the Sand and Soul Festival in 2017. The event has been held yearly and features live music, comedy, and a question and answers session with Harvey and his wife Marjorie. He also launched Harvey Events, a special events company led by his daughter Morgan Hawthorne and son-in-law Kareem Hawthorne. It has produced events such as the FroRibbean Fest in Atlanta in 2018.	524938
wiki20220301en020_106335	Steve Harvey	In 2017, Harvey began hosting a New Year's Eve special from Times Square for Fox (which, like his talk show, would be produced in partnership with IMG). Two days before the broadcast, Harvey was ordained in the state of New York so he could officiate an on-air wedding between Keven Undergaro and Maria Menounos during the special. The special was Fox's most-watched New Year's Eve broadcast to date. At the end of 2018, it was announced that Harvey would be the host of the 8th annual NFL Honors. According to Steve, he wanted to host the honors for a while, going as far as to say in his opening monologue "What took y'all so long to ask me to host the show?" He returned to host the 9th annual show the following season. In 2019, Harvey announced the launch of a learning hub called Vault. He also spoke at the first Vault conference held in Los Angeles. He also invested in the takeover of HDNet along with Anthem Sports & Entertainment. Controversies	Steve Harvey. In 2017, Harvey began hosting a New Year's Eve special from Times Square for Fox (which, like his talk show, would be produced in partnership with IMG). Two days before the broadcast, Harvey was ordained in the state of New York so he could officiate an on-air wedding between Keven Undergaro and Maria Menounos during the special. The special was Fox's most-watched New Year's Eve broadcast to date. At the end of 2018, it was announced that Harvey would be the host of the 8th annual NFL Honors. According to Steve, he wanted to host the honors for a while, going as far as to say in his opening monologue "What took y'all so long to ask me to host the show?" He returned to host the 9th annual show the following season. In 2019, Harvey announced the launch of a learning hub called Vault. He also spoke at the first Vault conference held in Los Angeles. He also invested in the takeover of HDNet along with Anthem Sports & Entertainment. Controversies	524938
wiki20220301en020_106336	Steve Harvey	Controversies Politics In August 2011, on his radio show, Harvey called Cornel West and Tavis Smiley "Uncle Toms" because of their criticism of President Barack Obama. Harvey later apologized for using the phrase but maintained his criticism of West and Smiley. In January 2017, Harvey was met with criticism for his decision to meet with then-President elect Donald Trump. He defended his decision, citing that it would help spark positive changes. In 2020, Harvey expressed his opinion that the COVID-19 pandemic helped to create the environment that the George Floyd protests occurred in, as more people took notice of police brutality. He stated that "I think for the first time ever, non-African Americans — more so than I’ve ever seen before — have joined in to protest and be outraged of what’s happening to people of color."	Steve Harvey. Controversies Politics In August 2011, on his radio show, Harvey called Cornel West and Tavis Smiley "Uncle Toms" because of their criticism of President Barack Obama. Harvey later apologized for using the phrase but maintained his criticism of West and Smiley. In January 2017, Harvey was met with criticism for his decision to meet with then-President elect Donald Trump. He defended his decision, citing that it would help spark positive changes. In 2020, Harvey expressed his opinion that the COVID-19 pandemic helped to create the environment that the George Floyd protests occurred in, as more people took notice of police brutality. He stated that "I think for the first time ever, non-African Americans — more so than I’ve ever seen before — have joined in to protest and be outraged of what’s happening to people of color."	524938
wiki20220301en020_106337	Steve Harvey	Racial comments about Asian men	Steve Harvey. Racial comments about Asian men	524938
wiki20220301en020_106338	Steve Harvey	In January 2017, Steve Harvey made jokes on Steve Harvey about Asian men, ridiculing the idea that any white or black woman would want to date one. "Excuse me, do you like Asian men?" he said, "No, thank you." He went on to add, "I don't even like Chinese food." The remarks were met with criticism from Asian Americans, including New York politicians and Fresh Off the Boat author Eddie Huang. For instance, Huang remarked about Harvey's hypocrisy in speaking about issues facing the black community while denigrating Asians. Harvey apologized on his talk show and Twitter, saying: "I offer my humblest apology for offending anyone, particularly those in the Asian community. … It was not my intention, and the humor was not meant with any malice or disrespect whatsoever." However, he also earlier said, "I ain't been laughing that much over the past few days. They're kinda beating me up on the internet right now for no reason. But, you know, that's life, ain't it?"	Steve Harvey. In January 2017, Steve Harvey made jokes on Steve Harvey about Asian men, ridiculing the idea that any white or black woman would want to date one. "Excuse me, do you like Asian men?" he said, "No, thank you." He went on to add, "I don't even like Chinese food." The remarks were met with criticism from Asian Americans, including New York politicians and Fresh Off the Boat author Eddie Huang. For instance, Huang remarked about Harvey's hypocrisy in speaking about issues facing the black community while denigrating Asians. Harvey apologized on his talk show and Twitter, saying: "I offer my humblest apology for offending anyone, particularly those in the Asian community. … It was not my intention, and the humor was not meant with any malice or disrespect whatsoever." However, he also earlier said, "I ain't been laughing that much over the past few days. They're kinda beating me up on the internet right now for no reason. But, you know, that's life, ain't it?"	524938
wiki20220301en020_106339	Steve Harvey	Comments about Flint water crisis In response to a caller from Flint, Michigan, who insulted the Cleveland Cavaliers after their loss to the Golden State Warriors, Harvey, a Cavaliers fan, told the caller to "go have yourself a nice glass of brown water!" in reference to the city's water crisis. The joke was criticized by, among others, Amariyanna Copeny and Flint Mayor Karen Weaver, who demanded a public apology. Harvey responded by saying, "The caller and I were talking trash about our teams and cities. Simply trash talking about sports. I made a joke directed at him, as he is from Flint, a city for which I have great affection and respect. So much so that I devoted a full hour on my daytime talk show to raising awareness for the Flint water crisis. … The caller laughed, as my joke was taken in the context it was offered." Philanthropy	Steve Harvey. Comments about Flint water crisis In response to a caller from Flint, Michigan, who insulted the Cleveland Cavaliers after their loss to the Golden State Warriors, Harvey, a Cavaliers fan, told the caller to "go have yourself a nice glass of brown water!" in reference to the city's water crisis. The joke was criticized by, among others, Amariyanna Copeny and Flint Mayor Karen Weaver, who demanded a public apology. Harvey responded by saying, "The caller and I were talking trash about our teams and cities. Simply trash talking about sports. I made a joke directed at him, as he is from Flint, a city for which I have great affection and respect. So much so that I devoted a full hour on my daytime talk show to raising awareness for the Flint water crisis. … The caller laughed, as my joke was taken in the context it was offered." Philanthropy	524938
wiki20220301en020_106340	Steve Harvey	Philanthropy Harvey is the founder of the Steve & Marjorie Harvey Foundation, a philanthropic organization that provides youth outreach services. The foundation hosts a yearly camp for fatherless children and also partnered with Kent State University to provide scholarships to the school. Harvey is also a partner with Walt Disney World Resort and Essence for the Disney Dreamers Academy, a yearly workshop at Walt Disney World for 100 students.	Steve Harvey. Philanthropy Harvey is the founder of the Steve & Marjorie Harvey Foundation, a philanthropic organization that provides youth outreach services. The foundation hosts a yearly camp for fatherless children and also partnered with Kent State University to provide scholarships to the school. Harvey is also a partner with Walt Disney World Resort and Essence for the Disney Dreamers Academy, a yearly workshop at Walt Disney World for 100 students.	524938
wiki20220301en020_106341	Steve Harvey	Personal life Harvey has been married three times and has seven children (four biological and three stepchildren). From his first marriage, to Marcia Harvey, he has two daughters (twins Brandi and Karli) and one son (Broderick Harvey Jr.). From his second marriage, to Mary Shackelford, Harvey has another son named Wynton. The couple divorced in November 2005. In 2011, Collin County, Texas-based 199th District Court Judge Robert Dry expressed concern about Mary Harvey spreading false information about the divorce, with the judge suggesting that she had not been left materially destitute.	Steve Harvey. Personal life Harvey has been married three times and has seven children (four biological and three stepchildren). From his first marriage, to Marcia Harvey, he has two daughters (twins Brandi and Karli) and one son (Broderick Harvey Jr.). From his second marriage, to Mary Shackelford, Harvey has another son named Wynton. The couple divorced in November 2005. In 2011, Collin County, Texas-based 199th District Court Judge Robert Dry expressed concern about Mary Harvey spreading false information about the divorce, with the judge suggesting that she had not been left materially destitute.	524938
wiki20220301en020_106342	Steve Harvey	In June 2007, Harvey married Marjorie Bridges, who he says is responsible for making him a better man and changing his life. Marjorie Harvey is mother to three children (Morgan, Jason, and Lori), all of whom Steve adopted. Steve and Marjorie have five grandchildren: three through Jason's marriage to his wife Amanda, one through Morgan's marriage to her husband Kareem, and one through Karli's marriage to husband Ben. Through 2017, Harvey and his family divided their time between Atlanta, where his radio show was broadcast and Family Feud was recorded, and Chicago, where he hosted his talk show for NBCUniversal from the company's Chicago studios, although he would host his radio show there as well. In 2018, Harvey moved his talk show, radio show, and Family Feud to Los Angeles. Harvey is a Christian and has attributed his success to his faith in God. Harvey reports that he has followed a vegan diet for health reasons and has presented the rationale for his diet on his TV program.	Steve Harvey. In June 2007, Harvey married Marjorie Bridges, who he says is responsible for making him a better man and changing his life. Marjorie Harvey is mother to three children (Morgan, Jason, and Lori), all of whom Steve adopted. Steve and Marjorie have five grandchildren: three through Jason's marriage to his wife Amanda, one through Morgan's marriage to her husband Kareem, and one through Karli's marriage to husband Ben. Through 2017, Harvey and his family divided their time between Atlanta, where his radio show was broadcast and Family Feud was recorded, and Chicago, where he hosted his talk show for NBCUniversal from the company's Chicago studios, although he would host his radio show there as well. In 2018, Harvey moved his talk show, radio show, and Family Feud to Los Angeles. Harvey is a Christian and has attributed his success to his faith in God. Harvey reports that he has followed a vegan diet for health reasons and has presented the rationale for his diet on his TV program.	524938
wiki20220301en020_106343	Steve Harvey	Bibliography 2009, Act Like a Lady, Think Like a Man 2010, Straight Talk, No Chaser 2014, Act Like a Success 2016, Jump, Take the Leap of Faith to Achieve Your Life of Abundance Filmography Television Film Internet / Web media streaming Awards and honors Emmy Awards 2014: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host – Family Feud 2014: Daytime Emmy Award for Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Talk Show Informative (as host/executive producer of Steve Harvey) 2015: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Talk Show Informative (as host/executive producer of Steve Harvey) 2017: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Informative Talk Show Host – Steve Harvey 2017: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host – Family Feud 2018: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Informative Talk Show Host – Steve	Steve Harvey. Bibliography 2009, Act Like a Lady, Think Like a Man 2010, Straight Talk, No Chaser 2014, Act Like a Success 2016, Jump, Take the Leap of Faith to Achieve Your Life of Abundance Filmography Television Film Internet / Web media streaming Awards and honors Emmy Awards 2014: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host – Family Feud 2014: Daytime Emmy Award for Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Talk Show Informative (as host/executive producer of Steve Harvey) 2015: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Talk Show Informative (as host/executive producer of Steve Harvey) 2017: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Informative Talk Show Host – Steve Harvey 2017: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host – Family Feud 2018: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Informative Talk Show Host – Steve	524938
wiki20220301en020_106344	Steve Harvey	NAACP Image Awards Four-time winner: Outstanding Actor in a Comedy Series (1999, 2000, 2001, 2002) Three-time winner: Outstanding Comedy Series (as executive producer/star of The Steve Harvey Show – 2000, 2001, 2002) 2001: Entertainer of the Year Three-time winner: Outstanding News/Talk/Info Series (as executive producer/host of Steve Harvey – 2014, 2015, 2017) 2015: Outstanding Host – Talk/Reality/Variety/News/Information 2016: Outstanding Host – Talk/Reality/Variety/News/Information 2016: Outstanding Variety Series/Special (as host of Family Feud) Radio 2007: Syndicated Personality/Show of the Year – Radio & Records magazine 2013: Marconi Award winner – Network/Syndicated Personality of the Year 2015: Marconi Award winner – Network/Syndicated Personality of the Year Television 2013: Favorite New Talk Show Host – 39th People's Choice Awards Organizational 2011: BET Humanitarian Award – 2011 BET Awards	Steve Harvey. NAACP Image Awards Four-time winner: Outstanding Actor in a Comedy Series (1999, 2000, 2001, 2002) Three-time winner: Outstanding Comedy Series (as executive producer/star of The Steve Harvey Show – 2000, 2001, 2002) 2001: Entertainer of the Year Three-time winner: Outstanding News/Talk/Info Series (as executive producer/host of Steve Harvey – 2014, 2015, 2017) 2015: Outstanding Host – Talk/Reality/Variety/News/Information 2016: Outstanding Host – Talk/Reality/Variety/News/Information 2016: Outstanding Variety Series/Special (as host of Family Feud) Radio 2007: Syndicated Personality/Show of the Year – Radio & Records magazine 2013: Marconi Award winner – Network/Syndicated Personality of the Year 2015: Marconi Award winner – Network/Syndicated Personality of the Year Television 2013: Favorite New Talk Show Host – 39th People's Choice Awards Organizational 2011: BET Humanitarian Award – 2011 BET Awards	524938
wiki20220301en020_106345	Steve Harvey	Television 2013: Favorite New Talk Show Host – 39th People's Choice Awards Organizational 2011: BET Humanitarian Award – 2011 BET Awards Halls of Fame 2013: Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame 2014: NAB Broadcasting Hall of Fame inductee (Radio) State/local 2015: East 112th Street in Cleveland renamed Steve Harvey Way Honorary degrees 2016: Honorary Doctorate Degree Received at Alabama State University in Montgomery, Alabama References External links The Steve & Marjorie Harvey Foundation	Steve Harvey. Television 2013: Favorite New Talk Show Host – 39th People's Choice Awards Organizational 2011: BET Humanitarian Award – 2011 BET Awards Halls of Fame 2013: Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame 2014: NAB Broadcasting Hall of Fame inductee (Radio) State/local 2015: East 112th Street in Cleveland renamed Steve Harvey Way Honorary degrees 2016: Honorary Doctorate Degree Received at Alabama State University in Montgomery, Alabama References External links The Steve & Marjorie Harvey Foundation	524938
wiki20220301en020_106346	Steve Harvey	1957 births Living people 20th-century American comedians 20th-century American male actors 20th-century American writers 20th-century Christians 21st-century American comedians 21st-century American male actors 21st-century American writers 21st-century Christians African-American Christians American Christians African-American game show hosts African-American male actors African-American male comedians American male comedians African-American radio personalities African-American stand-up comedians American stand-up comedians African-American television personalities African-American television producers Television producers from California African-American television talk show hosts American television talk show hosts African-American writers American male film actors American male television actors Beauty pageant hosts Comedians from Ohio Critics of atheism Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host winners Glenville High School alumni Island Records artists	Steve Harvey. 1957 births Living people 20th-century American comedians 20th-century American male actors 20th-century American writers 20th-century Christians 21st-century American comedians 21st-century American male actors 21st-century American writers 21st-century Christians African-American Christians American Christians African-American game show hosts African-American male actors African-American male comedians American male comedians African-American radio personalities African-American stand-up comedians American stand-up comedians African-American television personalities African-American television producers Television producers from California African-American television talk show hosts American television talk show hosts African-American writers American male film actors American male television actors Beauty pageant hosts Comedians from Ohio Critics of atheism Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host winners Glenville High School alumni Island Records artists	524938
wiki20220301en020_106347	Steve Harvey	Beauty pageant hosts Comedians from Ohio Critics of atheism Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host winners Glenville High School alumni Island Records artists Kent State University alumni Male actors from West Virginia People from Welch, West Virginia Radio personalities from Atlanta Radio personalities from Chicago Radio personalities from Dallas Radio personalities from Los Angeles Radio personalities from West Virginia Television personalities from Cleveland Television personalities from West Virginia West Virginia University alumni Writers from West Virginia Comedians from West Virginia 20th-century American male writers Television producers from West Virginia Television producers from Illinois Television producers from Texas Film producers from California Film producers from Illinois Film producers from Texas Film producers from Ohio Comedians from California Comedians from Illinois	Steve Harvey. Beauty pageant hosts Comedians from Ohio Critics of atheism Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host winners Glenville High School alumni Island Records artists Kent State University alumni Male actors from West Virginia People from Welch, West Virginia Radio personalities from Atlanta Radio personalities from Chicago Radio personalities from Dallas Radio personalities from Los Angeles Radio personalities from West Virginia Television personalities from Cleveland Television personalities from West Virginia West Virginia University alumni Writers from West Virginia Comedians from West Virginia 20th-century American male writers Television producers from West Virginia Television producers from Illinois Television producers from Texas Film producers from California Film producers from Illinois Film producers from Texas Film producers from Ohio Comedians from California Comedians from Illinois	524938
wiki20220301en020_106348	M2-9	Minkowski 2-9, abbreviated M2-9 (also known as Minkowski's Butterfly, Twin Jet Nebula, the Wings of a Butterfly Nebula, or just Butterfly Nebula) is a planetary nebula that was discovered by Rudolph Minkowski in 1947. It is located about 2,100 light-years away from Earth in the direction of the constellation Ophiuchus. This bipolar nebula takes the peculiar form of twin lobes of material that emanate from a central star. Astronomers have dubbed this object as the Twin Jet Nebula because of the jets believed to cause the shape of the lobes. Its form also resembles the wings of a butterfly. The nebula was imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope in the 1990s.	M2-9. Minkowski 2-9, abbreviated M2-9 (also known as Minkowski's Butterfly, Twin Jet Nebula, the Wings of a Butterfly Nebula, or just Butterfly Nebula) is a planetary nebula that was discovered by Rudolph Minkowski in 1947. It is located about 2,100 light-years away from Earth in the direction of the constellation Ophiuchus. This bipolar nebula takes the peculiar form of twin lobes of material that emanate from a central star. Astronomers have dubbed this object as the Twin Jet Nebula because of the jets believed to cause the shape of the lobes. Its form also resembles the wings of a butterfly. The nebula was imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope in the 1990s.	524943
wiki20220301en020_106349	M2-9	The primary component of the central binary is the hot core of a star that reached the end of its main-sequence life cycle, ejected most of its outer layers and became a red giant, and is now contracting into a white dwarf. It is believed to have been a sun-like star early in its life. The second, smaller star of the binary orbits very closely and may even have been engulfed by the other's expanding stellar atmosphere with the resulting interaction creating the nebula. Astronomers theorize that the gravity of one star pulls some of the gas from the surface of the other and flings it into a thin, dense disk extending into space. The nebula has inflated dramatically due to a fast stellar wind, blowing out into the surrounding disk and inflating the large, wispy hourglass-shaped wings perpendicular to the disk. These wings produce the butterfly appearance when seen in projection. The outer shell is estimated to be about 1,200 years old . Notes References	M2-9. The primary component of the central binary is the hot core of a star that reached the end of its main-sequence life cycle, ejected most of its outer layers and became a red giant, and is now contracting into a white dwarf. It is believed to have been a sun-like star early in its life. The second, smaller star of the binary orbits very closely and may even have been engulfed by the other's expanding stellar atmosphere with the resulting interaction creating the nebula. Astronomers theorize that the gravity of one star pulls some of the gas from the surface of the other and flings it into a thin, dense disk extending into space. The nebula has inflated dramatically due to a fast stellar wind, blowing out into the surrounding disk and inflating the large, wispy hourglass-shaped wings perpendicular to the disk. These wings produce the butterfly appearance when seen in projection. The outer shell is estimated to be about 1,200 years old . Notes References	524943
wiki20220301en020_106350	M2-9	Notes References Planetary nebulae Ophiuchus (constellation) Articles containing video clips	M2-9. Notes References Planetary nebulae Ophiuchus (constellation) Articles containing video clips	524943
wiki20220301en020_106351	Watkins Abbitt	Watkins "Wat" Moorman Abbitt (May 21, 1908 – July 13, 1998) was an American politician and lawyer. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Virginia from February 17, 1948 to January 3, 1973. He was a top lieutenant within the Byrd Organization, the political machine named for its leader, U.S. Senator Harry F. Byrd. Early and family life Abbitt was born in Lynchburg, Virginia to George Francis Abbitt and Otway C. Moorman Abbitt. He graduated from Appomattox Agricultural High School in Appomattox, Virginia in 1925. He earned an LL.B. from the University of Richmond in 1931 and began the practice of law in Appomattox. He married Corinne Hancock on March 20, 1937, and they had a son and two daughters who survived infancy.	Watkins Abbitt. Watkins "Wat" Moorman Abbitt (May 21, 1908 – July 13, 1998) was an American politician and lawyer. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Virginia from February 17, 1948 to January 3, 1973. He was a top lieutenant within the Byrd Organization, the political machine named for its leader, U.S. Senator Harry F. Byrd. Early and family life Abbitt was born in Lynchburg, Virginia to George Francis Abbitt and Otway C. Moorman Abbitt. He graduated from Appomattox Agricultural High School in Appomattox, Virginia in 1925. He earned an LL.B. from the University of Richmond in 1931 and began the practice of law in Appomattox. He married Corinne Hancock on March 20, 1937, and they had a son and two daughters who survived infancy.	524944
wiki20220301en020_106352	Watkins Abbitt	Career Upon admission to the Virginia bar, Abbitt had a private legal practice, and was also a bank executive. In 1931 he was elected Commonwealth's attorney for Appomattox County and served from 1932 to 1948. He also was elected member of the Virginia Constitutional Convention in 1945.	Watkins Abbitt. Career Upon admission to the Virginia bar, Abbitt had a private legal practice, and was also a bank executive. In 1931 he was elected Commonwealth's attorney for Appomattox County and served from 1932 to 1948. He also was elected member of the Virginia Constitutional Convention in 1945.	524944
wiki20220301en020_106353	Watkins Abbitt	When U.S. Representative Patrick H. Drewry died in office, Abbit won the special election to fill the vacancy. A Democrat, Abbitt won a full term later that year and 11 more times after that (February 17, 1948 – January 3, 1973). He was a member of the agriculture committee, and supported farm subsidies as well as fiscal conservatism and opposed increased federal intervention in state affairs. Abbitt became known for his opposition to school desegregation in the 1950s, supporting Massive Resistance alongside other Byrd Democrats. For instance, he denounced Brown v. Board of Education as "the naked and arrogant declaration of nine men." He also signed the 1956 Southern Manifesto. He was a delegate to the 1964 Democratic National Convention, and chairman of the state Democratic party from 1964-1970.	Watkins Abbitt. When U.S. Representative Patrick H. Drewry died in office, Abbit won the special election to fill the vacancy. A Democrat, Abbitt won a full term later that year and 11 more times after that (February 17, 1948 – January 3, 1973). He was a member of the agriculture committee, and supported farm subsidies as well as fiscal conservatism and opposed increased federal intervention in state affairs. Abbitt became known for his opposition to school desegregation in the 1950s, supporting Massive Resistance alongside other Byrd Democrats. For instance, he denounced Brown v. Board of Education as "the naked and arrogant declaration of nine men." He also signed the 1956 Southern Manifesto. He was a delegate to the 1964 Democratic National Convention, and chairman of the state Democratic party from 1964-1970.	524944
wiki20220301en020_106354	Watkins Abbitt	Abbitt announced his retirement after being redistricted into the same congressional district as fellow Democrat Dan Daniel, and Republican Robert Daniel won the seat in a 5-candidate general election field, becoming the first Republican to represent Southside Virginia in the century. Having long since recanted his segregationist views, Abbitt endorsed L. Douglas Wilder, who became Virginia's first black governor in 1989. According to his son, state delegate Watkins Abbitt Jr., he and his three sisters played a role in his father's change of heart. Watkins Jr. noted that in his later years, his father always worked for free for any black church that needed legal services, and a black minister spoke at the funeral.	Watkins Abbitt. Abbitt announced his retirement after being redistricted into the same congressional district as fellow Democrat Dan Daniel, and Republican Robert Daniel won the seat in a 5-candidate general election field, becoming the first Republican to represent Southside Virginia in the century. Having long since recanted his segregationist views, Abbitt endorsed L. Douglas Wilder, who became Virginia's first black governor in 1989. According to his son, state delegate Watkins Abbitt Jr., he and his three sisters played a role in his father's change of heart. Watkins Jr. noted that in his later years, his father always worked for free for any black church that needed legal services, and a black minister spoke at the funeral.	524944
wiki20220301en020_106355	Watkins Abbitt	Death and legacy Abbitt survived one wife, but died from leukemia in Lynchburg, Virginia on July 13, 1998. He maintained an active law practice as late as a week before his death. He was survived by a widow, son and two daughters, and interred at Liberty Cemetery in Appomattox, Virginia. A park in Appomattox, Virginia is named for him. His son, Watkins Abbitt, Jr., served as a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 1986 to 2012. Elections	Watkins Abbitt. Death and legacy Abbitt survived one wife, but died from leukemia in Lynchburg, Virginia on July 13, 1998. He maintained an active law practice as late as a week before his death. He was survived by a widow, son and two daughters, and interred at Liberty Cemetery in Appomattox, Virginia. A park in Appomattox, Virginia is named for him. His son, Watkins Abbitt, Jr., served as a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 1986 to 2012. Elections	524944
wiki20220301en020_106356	Watkins Abbitt	His son, Watkins Abbitt, Jr., served as a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 1986 to 2012. Elections 1948; Abbitt was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in a special election unopposed and was re-elected in the general election unopposed. 1950; Abbitt was re-elected unopposed. 1952; Abbitt was re-elected unopposed. 1954; Abbitt was re-elected unopposed. 1956; Abbitt was re-elected unopposed. 1958; Abbitt was re-elected with 87.15% of the vote, defeating Independent Frank M. McCann. 1960; Abbitt was re-elected unopposed. 1962; Abbitt was re-elected unopposed. 1964; Abbitt was re-elected after tying Independent Samuel W. Tucker in the general election. 1966; Abbitt was re-elected with 75.3% of the vote, defeating Independent Edward J. Silverman. 1968; Abbitt was re-elected with 71.52% of the vote, defeating now-Republican Samuel W. Tucker. 1970; Abbitt was re-elected with 61.02% of the vote, defeating Independent Ben Ragsdale and Republican James M. Helms.	Watkins Abbitt. His son, Watkins Abbitt, Jr., served as a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 1986 to 2012. Elections 1948; Abbitt was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in a special election unopposed and was re-elected in the general election unopposed. 1950; Abbitt was re-elected unopposed. 1952; Abbitt was re-elected unopposed. 1954; Abbitt was re-elected unopposed. 1956; Abbitt was re-elected unopposed. 1958; Abbitt was re-elected with 87.15% of the vote, defeating Independent Frank M. McCann. 1960; Abbitt was re-elected unopposed. 1962; Abbitt was re-elected unopposed. 1964; Abbitt was re-elected after tying Independent Samuel W. Tucker in the general election. 1966; Abbitt was re-elected with 75.3% of the vote, defeating Independent Edward J. Silverman. 1968; Abbitt was re-elected with 71.52% of the vote, defeating now-Republican Samuel W. Tucker. 1970; Abbitt was re-elected with 61.02% of the vote, defeating Independent Ben Ragsdale and Republican James M. Helms.	524944
wiki20220301en020_106357	Watkins Abbitt	References External links The Political Graveyard govtrack.us 1908 births 1998 deaths Politicians from Lynchburg, Virginia People from Appomattox, Virginia Virginia Democrats Members of the United States House of Representatives from Virginia County and city Commonwealth's Attorneys in Virginia Democratic Party of Virginia chairs University of Richmond School of Law alumni Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Virginia Deaths from leukemia Deaths from cancer in Virginia Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives 20th-century American politicians Burials in Virginia Baptists from Virginia 20th-century Baptists	Watkins Abbitt. References External links The Political Graveyard govtrack.us 1908 births 1998 deaths Politicians from Lynchburg, Virginia People from Appomattox, Virginia Virginia Democrats Members of the United States House of Representatives from Virginia County and city Commonwealth's Attorneys in Virginia Democratic Party of Virginia chairs University of Richmond School of Law alumni Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Virginia Deaths from leukemia Deaths from cancer in Virginia Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives 20th-century American politicians Burials in Virginia Baptists from Virginia 20th-century Baptists	524944
wiki20220301en020_106358	Catholic emancipation	Catholic emancipation or Catholic relief was a process in the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland, and later the combined United Kingdom in the late 18th century and early 19th century, that involved reducing and removing many of the restrictions on Roman Catholics introduced by the Act of Uniformity, the Test Acts and the penal laws. Requirements to abjure (renounce) the temporal and spiritual authority of the pope and transubstantiation placed major burdens on Roman Catholics. The penal laws started to be dismantled from 1766. The most significant measure was the Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829, which removed the most substantial restrictions on Roman Catholicism in the United Kingdom.	Catholic emancipation. Catholic emancipation or Catholic relief was a process in the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland, and later the combined United Kingdom in the late 18th century and early 19th century, that involved reducing and removing many of the restrictions on Roman Catholics introduced by the Act of Uniformity, the Test Acts and the penal laws. Requirements to abjure (renounce) the temporal and spiritual authority of the pope and transubstantiation placed major burdens on Roman Catholics. The penal laws started to be dismantled from 1766. The most significant measure was the Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829, which removed the most substantial restrictions on Roman Catholicism in the United Kingdom.	524948
wiki20220301en020_106359	Catholic emancipation	The Act of Settlement and the Bill of Rights 1689 provisions on the monarchy still discriminate against Roman Catholics. The Bill of Rights asserts that "it hath been found by experience that it is inconsistent with the safety and welfare of this Protestant Kingdom to be governed by a Papist Prince" and requires a new monarch to swear a coronation oath to maintain the Protestant religion. The Act of Settlement (1701) went further, limiting the succession to the heirs of the body of Sophia of Hanover, provided that they do not "profess the Popish religion", "marry a Papist", "be reconciled to or ... hold Communion with the See or Church of Rome".	Catholic emancipation. The Act of Settlement and the Bill of Rights 1689 provisions on the monarchy still discriminate against Roman Catholics. The Bill of Rights asserts that "it hath been found by experience that it is inconsistent with the safety and welfare of this Protestant Kingdom to be governed by a Papist Prince" and requires a new monarch to swear a coronation oath to maintain the Protestant religion. The Act of Settlement (1701) went further, limiting the succession to the heirs of the body of Sophia of Hanover, provided that they do not "profess the Popish religion", "marry a Papist", "be reconciled to or ... hold Communion with the See or Church of Rome".	524948
wiki20220301en020_106360	Catholic emancipation	A Roman Catholic heir can therefore only inherit the throne by changing religious allegiance. Ever since the Papacy recognised the Hanoverian dynasty in January 1766, none of the immediate royal heirs has been a Roman Catholic, and thereby disallowed by the Act. Many more distantly related potential Roman Catholic heirs are listed on the line of succession to the British throne. Section 2 of the Succession to the Crown Act 2013, and similar provisions in the law of other signatories to the Perth Agreement, allow marriage by such an heir to a Roman Catholic. Initial reliefs In Canada, British since 1763, the Quebec Act of 1774 ended some restrictions on Roman Catholics, so much so that it was criticized in the Petition to George III submitted in October 1774 by the First Continental Congress of the Thirteen Colonies.	Catholic emancipation. A Roman Catholic heir can therefore only inherit the throne by changing religious allegiance. Ever since the Papacy recognised the Hanoverian dynasty in January 1766, none of the immediate royal heirs has been a Roman Catholic, and thereby disallowed by the Act. Many more distantly related potential Roman Catholic heirs are listed on the line of succession to the British throne. Section 2 of the Succession to the Crown Act 2013, and similar provisions in the law of other signatories to the Perth Agreement, allow marriage by such an heir to a Roman Catholic. Initial reliefs In Canada, British since 1763, the Quebec Act of 1774 ended some restrictions on Roman Catholics, so much so that it was criticized in the Petition to George III submitted in October 1774 by the First Continental Congress of the Thirteen Colonies.	524948
wiki20220301en020_106361	Catholic emancipation	In Great Britain and, separately, in Ireland, the first Relief Act, called the "Papists Act", was passed in 1778; subject to an oath renouncing Stuart claims to the throne and the civil jurisdiction of the pope, it allowed Roman Catholics to own property and to inherit land. Reaction against this led to riots in Scotland in 1779 and then the Gordon Riots in London on 2 June 1780. Further relief was given by an Act of 1782 allowing the establishment of Roman Catholic schools and bishops. The British Roman Catholic Relief Act 1791 was adopted by the Irish Parliament in 1792–93. Since the electoral franchise at the time was largely determined by property, this relief gave the votes to Roman Catholics holding land with a rental value of £2 a year. They also started to gain access to many middle-class professions from which they had been excluded, such as the legal profession, grand jurors, universities and the lower ranks of the army and judiciary.	Catholic emancipation. In Great Britain and, separately, in Ireland, the first Relief Act, called the "Papists Act", was passed in 1778; subject to an oath renouncing Stuart claims to the throne and the civil jurisdiction of the pope, it allowed Roman Catholics to own property and to inherit land. Reaction against this led to riots in Scotland in 1779 and then the Gordon Riots in London on 2 June 1780. Further relief was given by an Act of 1782 allowing the establishment of Roman Catholic schools and bishops. The British Roman Catholic Relief Act 1791 was adopted by the Irish Parliament in 1792–93. Since the electoral franchise at the time was largely determined by property, this relief gave the votes to Roman Catholics holding land with a rental value of £2 a year. They also started to gain access to many middle-class professions from which they had been excluded, such as the legal profession, grand jurors, universities and the lower ranks of the army and judiciary.	524948
wiki20220301en020_106362	Catholic emancipation	Act of Union with Ireland 1800 The issue of greater political emancipation was considered in 1800 at the time of the Act of Union between Great Britain and Ireland: it was not included in the text of the Act because this would have led to greater Irish Protestant opposition to the Union. Non-conformists also suffered from discrimination at this time, but it was expected to be a consequence given the proportionately small number of Roman Catholics in the United Kingdom as a whole. William Pitt the Younger, the Prime Minister, had promised emancipation to accompany the Act. No further steps were taken at that stage, however, in part because of the belief of King George III that it would violate his Coronation Oath. Pitt resigned when the King's opposition became known, as he was unable to fulfil his pledge. Catholic emancipation then became a debating point rather than a major political issue.	Catholic emancipation. Act of Union with Ireland 1800 The issue of greater political emancipation was considered in 1800 at the time of the Act of Union between Great Britain and Ireland: it was not included in the text of the Act because this would have led to greater Irish Protestant opposition to the Union. Non-conformists also suffered from discrimination at this time, but it was expected to be a consequence given the proportionately small number of Roman Catholics in the United Kingdom as a whole. William Pitt the Younger, the Prime Minister, had promised emancipation to accompany the Act. No further steps were taken at that stage, however, in part because of the belief of King George III that it would violate his Coronation Oath. Pitt resigned when the King's opposition became known, as he was unable to fulfil his pledge. Catholic emancipation then became a debating point rather than a major political issue.	524948
wiki20220301en020_106363	Catholic emancipation	The increasing number of Irish Catholics serving in the British army led to the army giving freedom of worship to Catholic soldiers in 1811. Their contribution in the Napoleonic Wars may have contributed to the support of Wellington (himself Irish-born, though Protestant) for emancipation. Developments of the 1820s In 1823, Daniel O'Connell started a campaign for emancipation by establishing the Catholic Association. In 1828 he stood for election in County Clare in Ireland and was elected even though he could not take his seat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. He repeated this feat in 1829.	Catholic emancipation. The increasing number of Irish Catholics serving in the British army led to the army giving freedom of worship to Catholic soldiers in 1811. Their contribution in the Napoleonic Wars may have contributed to the support of Wellington (himself Irish-born, though Protestant) for emancipation. Developments of the 1820s In 1823, Daniel O'Connell started a campaign for emancipation by establishing the Catholic Association. In 1828 he stood for election in County Clare in Ireland and was elected even though he could not take his seat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. He repeated this feat in 1829.	524948
wiki20220301en020_106364	Catholic emancipation	O'Connell's manoeuvres were important, but the decisive turning point came with the change in public opinion in Britain in favour of emancipation. Politicians understood the critical importance of public opinion. They were influenced as well by the strong support for the measure by the Whigs in the House of Lords and by the followers of Lord Grenville (1759–1834). The increasing strength of public opinion, as expressed in the newspapers and elections over a twenty-year period, overcame religious bias and deference to the crown, first in the House of Commons and then in the House of Lords. As Robert Peel pointed out to George IV in 1829, every House of Commons elected beginning in 1807 expressed majority support for Catholic emancipation, except that of 1818, which voted only once on the issue, in 1819, and rejected the motion by two votes. Despite this, the votes in the House of Lords were consistently negative, in part because of the king's own opposition. The balance of opinion in	Catholic emancipation. O'Connell's manoeuvres were important, but the decisive turning point came with the change in public opinion in Britain in favour of emancipation. Politicians understood the critical importance of public opinion. They were influenced as well by the strong support for the measure by the Whigs in the House of Lords and by the followers of Lord Grenville (1759–1834). The increasing strength of public opinion, as expressed in the newspapers and elections over a twenty-year period, overcame religious bias and deference to the crown, first in the House of Commons and then in the House of Lords. As Robert Peel pointed out to George IV in 1829, every House of Commons elected beginning in 1807 expressed majority support for Catholic emancipation, except that of 1818, which voted only once on the issue, in 1819, and rejected the motion by two votes. Despite this, the votes in the House of Lords were consistently negative, in part because of the king's own opposition. The balance of opinion in	524948
wiki20220301en020_106365	Catholic emancipation	issue, in 1819, and rejected the motion by two votes. Despite this, the votes in the House of Lords were consistently negative, in part because of the king's own opposition. The balance of opinion in the House of Lords shifted abruptly in 1828–29 in response to public opinion, especially reflecting fear of a religious civil war in Ireland. In 1828 the Sacramental Test Act removed the barrier that required certain public officials to be members of the established Church.	Catholic emancipation. issue, in 1819, and rejected the motion by two votes. Despite this, the votes in the House of Lords were consistently negative, in part because of the king's own opposition. The balance of opinion in the House of Lords shifted abruptly in 1828–29 in response to public opinion, especially reflecting fear of a religious civil war in Ireland. In 1828 the Sacramental Test Act removed the barrier that required certain public officials to be members of the established Church.	524948
wiki20220301en020_106366	Catholic emancipation	Finally, the Duke of Wellington and Sir Robert Peel changed positions to support the Roman Catholic Relief Act of 1829. This removed many of the remaining substantial restrictions on Roman Catholics throughout the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. However, at the same time the minimum property qualification for voters was increased, rising from a rental value of forty shillings (£2) per annum to £10 per annum, substantially reducing the number of those entitled to vote, although after 1832 the threshold was again lowered in successive Reform Acts. The major beneficiaries were the Roman Catholic middle classes, who could now enter careers in the higher civil service and in the judiciary. The year 1829 is therefore generally regarded as marking the chief moment of Emancipation in Britain and Ireland.	Catholic emancipation. Finally, the Duke of Wellington and Sir Robert Peel changed positions to support the Roman Catholic Relief Act of 1829. This removed many of the remaining substantial restrictions on Roman Catholics throughout the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. However, at the same time the minimum property qualification for voters was increased, rising from a rental value of forty shillings (£2) per annum to £10 per annum, substantially reducing the number of those entitled to vote, although after 1832 the threshold was again lowered in successive Reform Acts. The major beneficiaries were the Roman Catholic middle classes, who could now enter careers in the higher civil service and in the judiciary. The year 1829 is therefore generally regarded as marking the chief moment of Emancipation in Britain and Ireland.	524948