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Intermediate positional identities between the stump and the distal tip are then filled in through a process called intercalation. Motor neurons, muscle, and blood vessels grow with the regenerated limb, and reestablish the connections that were present prior to amputation. The time that this entire process takes varie... | {
"page_id": 854081,
"source": null,
"title": "Regeneration (biology)"
} |
of the Ambystoma EST database, the Salamander Genome Project (SGP) that has led to the creation of the first amphibian gene map and several annotated molecular data bases, and the creation of the research community web portal. In 2022, a first spatiotemporal map revealed key insights about axolotl brain regeneration, a... | {
"page_id": 854081,
"source": null,
"title": "Regeneration (biology)"
} |
polarity, which allows them to distinguish between regenerating a head in the apical end and a foot in the basal end so that both regions are present in the newly regenerated organism. Head regeneration requires complex reconstruction of the area, while foot regeneration is much simpler, similar to tissue repair. In bo... | {
"page_id": 854081,
"source": null,
"title": "Regeneration (biology)"
} |
animal, the inter-relationship of the injured tissue with other muscles, and the type of operation, can involve complete regeneration of some musculoskeletal structure. Werber and Goldschmidt (1909) found that the goose and duck were capable of regenerating their beaks after partial amputation and Sidorova (1962) obser... | {
"page_id": 854081,
"source": null,
"title": "Regeneration (biology)"
} |
of January to April then through regeneration are able to regrow them as an example of physiological regeneration. A deer antler is the only appendage of a mammal that can be regrown every year. While reparative regeneration is a rare phenomenon in mammals, it does occur. A well-documented example is regeneration of th... | {
"page_id": 854081,
"source": null,
"title": "Regeneration (biology)"
} |
same amount of cardiac injury and scar formation as normal mice after a heart attack. However, recent studies provide evidence that this may not always be the case, and that MRL mice can regenerate after heart damage. ==== Humans ==== The regrowth of lost tissues or organs in the human body is being researched. Some ti... | {
"page_id": 854081,
"source": null,
"title": "Regeneration (biology)"
} |
existing mature hepatic cells (mainly hepatocytes), but the exact morphology of the liver is not regained. This process is driven by growth factor and cytokine regulated pathways. The normal sequence of inflammation and regeneration does not function accurately in cancer. Specifically, cytokine stimulation of cells lea... | {
"page_id": 854081,
"source": null,
"title": "Regeneration (biology)"
} |
highest regenerative capacity as a group. Following autotomous tail loss, epimorphic regeneration of a new tail proceeds through a blastema-mediated process that results in a functionally and morphologically similar structure. === Chondrichthyes === It has been estimated that the average shark loses about 30,000 to 40,... | {
"page_id": 854081,
"source": null,
"title": "Regeneration (biology)"
} |
These Solar System minor planets are the furthest from the Sun as of December 2021. The objects have been categorized by their approximate current distance from the Sun, and not by the calculated aphelion of their orbit. The list changes over time because the objects are moving in their orbits. Some objects are inbound... | {
"page_id": 48534508,
"source": null,
"title": "List of Solar System objects most distant from the Sun"
} |
perihelion at a distance of 76 AU from the Sun. Sedna is the largest known sednoid, a class of objects that play an important role in the Planet Nine hypothesis. Pluto (30–49 AU, about 34 AU in 2015) was the first Kuiper belt object to be discovered (1930) and is the largest known dwarf planet. == Gallery == Notable tr... | {
"page_id": 48534508,
"source": null,
"title": "List of Solar System objects most distant from the Sun"
} |
Peritoneal recesses (or peritoneal gutters) are the spaces formed by peritoneum draping over viscera. The term refers mainly to four spaces in the abdominal cavity; the two paracolic gutters and the two paramesenteric gutters. There are other smaller recesses including those around the duodenojejunal flexure, cecum, an... | {
"page_id": 24053827,
"source": null,
"title": "Peritoneal recesses"
} |
Butylthiol may refer to: Butanethiol (1-butylthiol) tert-Butylthiol (TBM) | {
"page_id": 36177988,
"source": null,
"title": "Butylthiol"
} |
In theory of vibrations, Duhamel's integral is a way of calculating the response of linear systems and structures to arbitrary time-varying external perturbation. It is named after Jean-Marie Duhamel. == Introduction == === Background === The response of a linear, viscously damped single-degree of freedom (SDOF) system... | {
"page_id": 4917315,
"source": null,
"title": "Duhamel's integral"
} |
effect is taken into account (when c ≠ 0 {\displaystyle c\neq 0} ). If the impulse happens at t=τ instead of t=0, i.e. p ( t ) = δ ( t − τ ) {\displaystyle p(t)=\delta (t-\tau )} , the impulse response is h ( t − τ ) = 1 m ω d e − ς ω n ( t − τ ) sin [ ω d ( t − τ ) ] {\displaystyle h(t-\tau )={\frac {1}{m\omega _{d}... | {
"page_id": 4917315,
"source": null,
"title": "Duhamel's integral"
} |
ω d ( t − τ ) ] d τ {\displaystyle x(t)={\frac {1}{m\omega _{d}}}\int _{0}^{t}{p(\tau )e^{-\varsigma \omega _{n}(t-\tau )}\sin[\omega _{d}(t-\tau )]d\tau }} === Mathematical proof === The above SDOF dynamic equilibrium equation in the case p(t)=0 is the homogeneous equation: d 2 x ( t ) d t 2 + c ¯ d x ( t ) d t + k ¯ ... | {
"page_id": 4917315,
"source": null,
"title": "Duhamel's integral"
} |
{dx(t)}{dt}}+{\bar {k}}x(t)={\bar {p}}(t)} , where p ¯ ( t ) = p ( t ) m {\textstyle {\bar {p}}(t)={\frac {p(t)}{m}}} , could be obtained by the Lagrangian method for deriving partial solution of non-homogeneous ordinary differential equations. This solution has the form: x p ( t ) = ∫ p ( t ) ¯ ⋅ e A t d t ⋅ e − A t −... | {
"page_id": 4917315,
"source": null,
"title": "Duhamel's integral"
} |
1 P [ Q t ˙ ⋅ e − A t − A Q t ⋅ e − A t − R t ˙ ⋅ e − B t + B R t ⋅ e − B t ] {\displaystyle {\frac {dx}{dt}}=-Ae^{-At}\cdot C_{2}-Be^{-Bt}\cdot C_{1}+{\frac {1}{P}}\left[{\dot {Q_{t}}}\cdot e^{-At}-AQ_{t}\cdot e^{-At}-{\dot {R_{t}}}\cdot e^{-Bt}+BR_{t}\cdot e^{-Bt}\right]} , where Q t ˙ = p ( t ) ⋅ e A t , R t ˙ = p (... | {
"page_id": 4917315,
"source": null,
"title": "Duhamel's integral"
} |
\left.{\begin{alignedat}{5}C_{1}&&\;+&&\;C_{2}&&\;=&&\;{\frac {R_{0}-Q_{0}}{P}}&\\B\cdot C_{1}&&\;+&&\;A\cdot C_{2}&&\;=&&\;{\frac {1}{P}}\cdot [B\cdot R_{0}-A\cdot Q_{0}]\end{alignedat}}\right|{\begin{alignedat}{5}C_{1}&&\;=&&\;{\frac {R_{0}}{P}}&\\C_{2}&&\;=&&\;-{\frac {Q_{0}}{P}}\end{alignedat}}} The back substituti... | {
"page_id": 4917315,
"source": null,
"title": "Duhamel's integral"
} |
to canceling out the imaginary terms and reveals the Duhamel's solution: x ( t ) = 1 ω D ∫ 0 t p ¯ ( τ ) e − ξ ω ( t − τ ) sin ( ω D ( t − τ ) ) d τ {\displaystyle x(t)={\frac {1}{\omega _{D}}}\int _{0}^{t}{{\bar {p}}(\tau )e^{-\xi \omega (t-\tau )}\sin(\omega _{D}(t-\tau ))d\tau }} == See also == Duhamel's principle... | {
"page_id": 4917315,
"source": null,
"title": "Duhamel's integral"
} |
Dark radiation (also dark electromagnetism) is a postulated type of radiation that mediates interactions of dark matter. By analogy to the way photons mediate electromagnetic interactions between particles in the Standard Model (called baryonic matter in cosmology), dark radiation is proposed to mediate interactions be... | {
"page_id": 36177989,
"source": null,
"title": "Dark radiation"
} |
In organic chemistry, hydrocarbons (compounds composed solely of carbon and hydrogen) are divided into two classes: aromatic compounds and aliphatic compounds (; G. aleiphar, fat, oil). Aliphatic compounds can be saturated (in which all the C-C bonds are single, requiring the structure to be completed, or 'saturated', ... | {
"page_id": 2120,
"source": null,
"title": "Aliphatic compound"
} |
Granomarginata is a genus of spherical Cambrian acritarchs interpreted as a phytoplankton. == References == | {
"page_id": 45025353,
"source": null,
"title": "Granomarginata"
} |
Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) is a tertiary lymphoid structure. It is a part of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), and it consists of lymphoid follicles in the lungs and bronchus. BALT is an effective priming site of the mucosal and systemic immune responses. == Structure == BALT is similar in most ... | {
"page_id": 54397002,
"source": null,
"title": "Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue"
} |
formation of BALT in mice is necessary inteleukin-17 and VCAM-1, PNAd and LFA-1 and it is lymphotoxin-α independent whereas the development of secondary lymphoid organs (such as lymph nodes and Peyer’s patches) is typically dependent on LTα. Formation of BALT may be caused by disabled in situ function of Treg cells. ==... | {
"page_id": 54397002,
"source": null,
"title": "Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue"
} |
The molecular formula C16H23NO3 (molar mass: 277.36 g/mol) may refer to: Pargolol N-Ethylheptylone | {
"page_id": 41551947,
"source": null,
"title": "C16H23NO3"
} |
The Fries rearrangement, named for the German chemist Karl Theophil Fries, is a rearrangement reaction of a phenolic ester to a hydroxy aryl ketone by catalysis of Lewis acids. It involves migration of an acyl group of phenol ester to the aryl ring. The reaction is ortho and para selective and one of the two products c... | {
"page_id": 2820171,
"source": null,
"title": "Fries rearrangement"
} |
instead of hydroxyarylketones when reacted with acyl halides under Friedel-Crafts acylation conditions. Therefore, this reaction is of industrial importance for the synthesis of hydroxyarylketones, which are important intermediates for several pharmaceuticals. As an alternative to aluminium chloride, other Lewis acids ... | {
"page_id": 2820171,
"source": null,
"title": "Fries rearrangement"
} |
reaction == References == | {
"page_id": 2820171,
"source": null,
"title": "Fries rearrangement"
} |
Trimethoxyphenethylamines (TMPEA) are a group of positional isomers of the psychedelic cactus alkaloid mescaline. Some of them are described in the book PiHKAL by Alexander Shulgin and Ann Shulgin. 2,3,4-trimethoxyphenethylamine (Isomescaline) 2,3,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-TMA-4) 2,3,6-trimethoxyphenethylamine (2C... | {
"page_id": 10815565,
"source": null,
"title": "Trimethoxyphenethylamine"
} |
Endocardial cushions project into the atrial canal, and, meeting in the middle line, unite to form the septum intermedium which divides the canal into two channels, the future right and left atrioventricular orifices. == References == This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 512 of the 20th edition... | {
"page_id": 4786259,
"source": null,
"title": "Septum intermedium"
} |
Vacuum evaporation is the process of causing the pressure in a liquid-filled container to be reduced below the vapor pressure of the liquid, causing the liquid to evaporate at a lower temperature than normal. Although the process can be applied to any type of liquid at any vapor pressure, it is generally used to descri... | {
"page_id": 3672150,
"source": null,
"title": "Vacuum evaporation"
} |
sectors to treat industrial wastewater. It represents a clean, safe and very versatile technology with low management costs, which in most cases serves as a zero-discharge treatment system. === Thin film deposition === Vacuum evaporation is also a form of physical vapor deposition used in the semiconductor, microelectr... | {
"page_id": 3672150,
"source": null,
"title": "Vacuum evaporation"
} |
Sampson (later renamed Mammoth) was a Shire horse gelding born in 1846 and bred by Thomas Cleaver at Toddington Mills, Bedfordshire, England. According to Guinness World Records (1986) he was the tallest horse ever recorded, by 1850 measuring 219.7 centimetres (7 ft 2.5 in) or 21.2½ hands in height. His peak weight was... | {
"page_id": 5572696,
"source": null,
"title": "Sampson (horse)"
} |
The Liberator is a superhero from the Golden Age of Comics. His first appearance was in Exciting Comics #15 (December 1941), published by Nedor Comics. The character was later revived by writer Alan Moore for America's Best Comics. == Nedor Comics == The Liberator is the secret identity of Dr. Nelson Drew, a chemistry ... | {
"page_id": 9504861,
"source": null,
"title": "Liberator (Nedor Comics)"
} |
that it would bring about the end of all evil; The Liberator was one of those heroes. Decades later, the Urn was broken and the heroes freed. As seen in the Black Terror miniseries, The Liberator is now one of several patriotic-themed heroes who protect the U.S. president and America's interests, even if this pits them... | {
"page_id": 9504861,
"source": null,
"title": "Liberator (Nedor Comics)"
} |
The molecular formula C16H26N2O4 (molar mass: 310.39 g/mol, exact mass: 310.1893 u) may refer to: Cetamolol Pamatolol | {
"page_id": 41551965,
"source": null,
"title": "C16H26N2O4"
} |
Major General William Luther Sibert (October 12, 1860 – October 16, 1935) was a senior United States Army officer who commanded the 1st Division on the Western Front during World War I. Sibert was the first division commander of the "Big Red One," leading the 1st Infantry from June to January 1918. Sibert was nearly 58... | {
"page_id": 13305949,
"source": null,
"title": "William L. Sibert"
} |
Philippine Insurrection. Later, he returned to the United States where he was in charge of river and harbor districts and headquarters in Louisville and Pittsburgh. From 1907 through 1914, Sibert was a member of the Panama Canal Commission and was responsible for the building of a number of critical parts of the Panama... | {
"page_id": 13305949,
"source": null,
"title": "William L. Sibert"
} |
short on qualified general officers (he himself had only recently been promoted to his position) so Sibert was placed in charge of the 1st Division. To his credit, Sibert opposed his own promotion as a line officer, protesting his own lack of experience. In the peacetime Army prior to 1917, though, it was relatively ha... | {
"page_id": 13305949,
"source": null,
"title": "William L. Sibert"
} |
Infantry Division during its initial training by French and British forces. In October 1917, Pershing wrote an extensive letter to Secretary of War Newton D. Baker expressing his concerns about some of his generals, "I hope you will permit me to speak very frankly and quite confidentially, but I fear that we have some ... | {
"page_id": 13305949,
"source": null,
"title": "William L. Sibert"
} |
the CWS on June 28, 1918, Congress promoted Sibert to the rank of Major General, making the earlier brevet promotion official. Sibert led the CWS from May 1918 to February 1920. During that period the CWS in the United States focused on production and equipment. As commander of the CWS he oversaw the production of Amer... | {
"page_id": 13305949,
"source": null,
"title": "William L. Sibert"
} |
States, in a duty of great responsibility during World War I, in the organization and administration of the Chemical Warfare Service, contributory to the successful prosecution of the war. == Personal life == Sibert married Mary Margaret Cummings in September 1887, with whom he had five sons and one daughter. After Mar... | {
"page_id": 13305949,
"source": null,
"title": "William L. Sibert"
} |
DNA ligase (NAD+) (EC 6.5.1.2, polydeoxyribonucleotide synthase (NAD+), polynucleotide ligase (NAD+), DNA repair enzyme, DNA joinase, polynucleotide synthetase (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), deoxyribonucleic-joining enzyme, deoxyribonucleic ligase, deoxyribonucleic repair enzyme, deoxyribonucleic joinase, DNA lig... | {
"page_id": 5507168,
"source": null,
"title": "DNA ligase (NAD+)"
} |
This is a list of common household pests – undesired animals that have a history of living, invading, causing damage, eating human foods, acting as disease vectors or causing other harms in human habitation. == Mammals == Mice Field mice House mice Possums Brushtail possum Ringtail possum Rats Black rats Brown rats Woo... | {
"page_id": 2099301,
"source": null,
"title": "List of common household pests"
} |
Particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) can be contrasted with dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), the other form of inorganic carbon found in the ocean. These distinctions are important in chemical oceanography. Particulate inorganic carbon is sometimes called suspended inorganic carbon. In operational terms, it is defined a... | {
"page_id": 67766374,
"source": null,
"title": "Particulate inorganic carbon"
} |
inorganic carbon (PIC) is the other form of inorganic carbon found in the ocean. Most PIC is the CaCO3 that makes up shells of various marine organisms, but can also form in whiting events. Marine fish also excrete calcium carbonate during osmoregulation. Some of the inorganic carbon species in the ocean, such as bicar... | {
"page_id": 67766374,
"source": null,
"title": "Particulate inorganic carbon"
} |
to lower overall oceanic alkalinity, tending to raise pH and thereby atmospheric CO2 levels if not counterbalanced by the new input of alkalinity from weathering. The portion of carbon that is permanently buried at the sea floor becomes part of the geologic record. Calcium carbonate often forms remarkable deposits that... | {
"page_id": 67766374,
"source": null,
"title": "Particulate inorganic carbon"
} |
a form of particulate inorganic carbon, by fixing bicarbonate. This fixation of DIC is an important part of the oceanic carbon cycle. Ca2+ + 2 HCO3− → CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O While the biological carbon pump fixes inorganic carbon (CO2) into particulate organic carbon in the form of sugar (C6H12O6), the carbonate pump fixes ... | {
"page_id": 67766374,
"source": null,
"title": "Particulate inorganic carbon"
} |
spreading. == Whiting events == A whiting event is a phenomenon that occurs when a suspended cloud of fine-grained calcium carbonate precipitates in water bodies, typically during summer months, as a result of photosynthetic microbiological activity or sediment disturbance. The phenomenon gets its name from the white, ... | {
"page_id": 67766374,
"source": null,
"title": "Particulate inorganic carbon"
} |
of interacting environmental influences on phytoplankton distribution in the Southern Ocean is limited. For example, more understanding is needed of how light and iron availability or temperature and pH interact to control phytoplankton biogeography. Hence, if model parameterizations are to improve to provide accurate ... | {
"page_id": 67766374,
"source": null,
"title": "Particulate inorganic carbon"
} |
μm. In the context of climate change and future ecosystem function, the distribution of biomineralizing phytoplankton is important to define when considering phytoplankton interactions with carbonate chemistry, and ocean biogeochemistry. The Great Calcite Belt spans the major Southern Ocean circumpolar fronts: the Suba... | {
"page_id": 67766374,
"source": null,
"title": "Particulate inorganic carbon"
} |
the seawater. Counterintuitively, the production of coccoliths leads to the release of CO2 in the seawater, due to removal of carbonate from the seawater, which reduces the alkalinity and causes acidification. Therefore, the ratio between particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) is an imp... | {
"page_id": 67766374,
"source": null,
"title": "Particulate inorganic carbon"
} |
Mg/Ca ratios". Journal of Geology. 94 (3): 321–333. Bibcode:1986JG.....94..321W. doi:10.1086/629032. S2CID 128840375. Wilkinson, B.H.; Owen, R.M.; Carroll, A.R. (1985). "Submarine hydrothermal weathering, global eustacy, and carbonate polymorphism in Phanerozoic marine oolites". Journal of Sedimentary Petrology. 55: 17... | {
"page_id": 67766374,
"source": null,
"title": "Particulate inorganic carbon"
} |
A synaptic transistor is an electrical device that can learn in ways similar to a neural synapse. It optimizes its own properties for the functions it has carried out in the past. The device mimics the behavior of the property of neurons called spike-timing-dependent plasticity, or STDP. == Structure == Its structure i... | {
"page_id": 41027689,
"source": null,
"title": "Synaptic transistor"
} |
Activated carbon, also called activated charcoal, is a form of carbon commonly used to filter contaminants from water and air, among many other uses. It is processed (activated) to have small, low-volume pores that greatly increase the surface area available for adsorption or chemical reactions. (Adsorption, not to be ... | {
"page_id": 395375,
"source": null,
"title": "Activated carbon"
} |
and many other applications. === Industrial === One major industrial application involves use of activated carbon in metal finishing for purification of electroplating solutions. For example, it is the main purification technique for removing organic impurities from bright nickel plating solutions. A variety of organic... | {
"page_id": 395375,
"source": null,
"title": "Activated carbon"
} |
apixaban, rivaroxaban and edoxaban from blood plasma samples. For this purpose it has been made into "minitablets", each containing 5 mg activated carbon for treating 1ml samples of DOAC. Since this activated carbon has no effect on blood clotting factors, heparin or most other anticoagulants this allows a plasma sampl... | {
"page_id": 395375,
"source": null,
"title": "Activated carbon"
} |
and disinfectant. In organic winemaking, activated carbon is allowed for use as a processing agent to adsorb brown color pigments from white grape concentrates. It is sometimes used as biochar. === Distilled alcoholic beverage purification === Activated carbon filters (AC filters) can be used to filter vodka and whiske... | {
"page_id": 395375,
"source": null,
"title": "Activated carbon"
} |
The most common designs use a 1-stage or 2 stage filtration principle in which activated carbon is embedded inside the filter media. Activated carbon filters are used to retain radioactive gases within the air vacuumed from a nuclear boiling water reactor turbine condenser. The large charcoal beds adsorb these gases an... | {
"page_id": 395375,
"source": null,
"title": "Activated carbon"
} |
food-grade charcoal became a food trend in 2016, being used as an additive to impart a "slightly smoky" taste and a dark coloring to products including hotdogs, ice cream, pizza bases, and bagels. People taking medication, including birth control pills and antidepressants, are advised to avoid novelty foods or drinks t... | {
"page_id": 395375,
"source": null,
"title": "Activated carbon"
} |
exposed to oxidizing atmospheres (oxygen or steam) at temperatures above 250 °C, usually in the temperature range of 600–1200 °C. The activation is performed by heating the sample for 1 h in a muffle furnace at 450 °C in the presence of air. Chemical activation: The carbon material is impregnated with certain chemicals... | {
"page_id": 395375,
"source": null,
"title": "Activated carbon"
} |
ground carbon particles, 95–100% of which will pass through a designated mesh sieve. The ASTM classifies particles passing through an 80-mesh sieve (0.177 mm) and smaller as PAC. It is not common to use PAC in a dedicated vessel, due to the high head loss that would occur. Instead, PAC is generally added directly to ot... | {
"page_id": 395375,
"source": null,
"title": "Activated carbon"
} |
from 0.8 to 130 mm. These are mainly used for gas phase applications because of their low pressure drop, high mechanical strength and low dust content. Also sold as CTO filter (Chlorine, Taste, Odor). === Bead activated carbon (BAC) === Bead activated carbon (BAC) is made from petroleum pitch and supplied in diameters ... | {
"page_id": 395375,
"source": null,
"title": "Activated carbon"
} |
carbon filtering. Adsorption capacity of activated cloth is greater than that of activated charcoal (BET theory) surface area: 500–1500 m2/g, pore volume: 0.3–0.8 cm3/g). Thanks to the different forms of activated material, it can be used in a wide range of applications (supercapacitors, odor absorbers, CBRN-defense in... | {
"page_id": 395375,
"source": null,
"title": "Activated carbon"
} |
adsorb the atmospheric concentration (21%) under standard conditions, but release over 80% oxygen if the carbon was first cooled to low temperatures. Physically, activated carbon binds materials by van der Waals force or London dispersion force. Activated carbon does not bind well to certain chemicals, including alcoho... | {
"page_id": 395375,
"source": null,
"title": "Activated carbon"
} |
milligrams of iodine adsorbed by one gram of carbon when the iodine concentration in the residual filtrate is at a concentration of 0.02 normal (i.e. 0.02N). Basically, iodine number is a measure of the iodine adsorbed in the pores and, as such, is an indication of the pore volume available in the activated carbon of i... | {
"page_id": 395375,
"source": null,
"title": "Activated carbon"
} |
for larger adsorbing species. As all of the pore volume may not be available for adsorption in a particular waste water application, and as some of the adsorbate may enter smaller pores, it is not a good measure of the worth of a particular activated carbon for a specific application. Frequently, this parameter is usef... | {
"page_id": 395375,
"source": null,
"title": "Activated carbon"
} |
2854 -09 (2014) is used to determine the apparent density of activated carbon. === Hardness/abrasion number === It is a measure of the activated carbon's resistance to attrition. It is an important indicator of activated carbon to maintain its physical integrity and withstand frictional forces. There are large differen... | {
"page_id": 395375,
"source": null,
"title": "Activated carbon"
} |
would not be suitable for elution (the stripping of mineral from an activated carbon). Researchers at Cornell University synthesized an ultrahigh surface area activated carbon with a BET area of 4800 m2 g–1 and a total pore volume of 2.7 cm3 g–1. This BET area value is the highest reported in the literature for activat... | {
"page_id": 395375,
"source": null,
"title": "Activated carbon"
} |
activated carbon have been attributed to presence of the surface active carbon double bond. The Polyani adsorption theory is a popular method for analyzing adsorption of various organic substances to their surface. == Examples of adsorption == === Heterogeneous catalysis === The most commonly encountered form of chemis... | {
"page_id": 395375,
"source": null,
"title": "Activated carbon"
} |
carbon have to be of a certain size before it is economically viable to have regeneration facilities onsite. As a result, it is common for smaller waste treatment sites to ship their activated carbon cores to specialised facilities for regeneration. === Other regeneration techniques === Current concerns with the high e... | {
"page_id": 395375,
"source": null,
"title": "Activated carbon"
} |
Hesseltinella is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Cunninghamellaceae. The genus name of Hesseltinella is in honour of Clifford William Hesseltine (1917–1999), who was an American botanist (Mycology), Microbiologist, from the University of Wisconsin. The genus was circumscribed by Harbansh Prasad Upadhyay in Per... | {
"page_id": 67635312,
"source": null,
"title": "Hesseltinella"
} |
The Ornithological Council is an association of ornithological organisations based in the Americas involved in bird study and conservation. It was established by Richard C. Banks and incorporated in Washington, D.C. in 1992 as a nonprofit organization. Its original members comprised the American Ornithologists' Union, ... | {
"page_id": 22808689,
"source": null,
"title": "Ornithological Council"
} |
The Letts nitrile synthesis is a chemical reaction of aromatic carboxylic acids with metal thiocyanates to form nitriles. The reaction includes the loss of carbon dioxide and potassium hydrosulfide. The polar basic substitution reaction was discovered in 1872 by Edmund A. Letts. == History == In 1857 Hugo Schiff observ... | {
"page_id": 5900402,
"source": null,
"title": "Letts nitrile synthesis"
} |
over to the sulfur, which readily diffuses the negative charge and is further stabilized by the potassium ion, resulting in the final benzonitrile product and potassium hydrosulfide. == Applications == Aromatic nitriles have a few applications, including polyrecombination to form polymers, are sometimes studied as biol... | {
"page_id": 5900402,
"source": null,
"title": "Letts nitrile synthesis"
} |
Paul Kunz (December 20, 1942 – September 12, 2018) was an American particle physicist and software developer, who initiated the deployment of the first web server outside of Europe. After a meeting in September 1991 with Tim Berners-Lee of CERN, he returned to the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) with word of ... | {
"page_id": 1968245,
"source": null,
"title": "Paul Kunz"
} |
Detritivores (also known as detrivores, detritophages, detritus feeders or detritus eaters) are heterotrophs that obtain nutrients by consuming detritus (decomposing plant and animal parts as well as feces). There are many kinds of invertebrates, vertebrates, and plants that eat detritus or carry out coprophagy. By doi... | {
"page_id": 723067,
"source": null,
"title": "Detritivore"
} |
scavengers are the same type of cases of consumer-resource systems. The consumption of wood, whether alive or dead, is known as xylophagy. The activity of animals feeding only on dead wood is called sapro-xylophagy and those animals, sapro-xylophagous. == Ecology == Detritivores play an important role as recyclers in t... | {
"page_id": 723067,
"source": null,
"title": "Detritivore"
} |
systems == References == | {
"page_id": 723067,
"source": null,
"title": "Detritivore"
} |
A deer horn, or deer whistle, is a whistle mounted on automobiles intended to help prevent collisions with deer. Air moving through the device produces sound (ultrasound in some models), intended to warn deer of a vehicle's approach. Deer are highly unpredictable, skittish animals whose normal reaction to an unfamiliar... | {
"page_id": 3147902,
"source": null,
"title": "Deer horn"
} |
indicated the whistles are ineffective. The Department of Zoology at the University of Melbourne did independent testing, funded by the Royal Automobile Club of Victoria, New South Wales Road Traffic Authority, National Roads and Motorists’ Association Limited, and Transport South Australia. They bought one Shu Roo and... | {
"page_id": 3147902,
"source": null,
"title": "Deer horn"
} |
on 2006-09-27. "Deer-Vehicle Collisions are Numerous and Costly. Do Countermeasures Work?". Road Management and Engineering Journal. 1997. Archived from the original on 1998-05-29. | {
"page_id": 3147902,
"source": null,
"title": "Deer horn"
} |
The molecular formula C23H24N2O4 may refer to: 25N-NBPh PD-102,807 | {
"page_id": 35063935,
"source": null,
"title": "C23H24N2O4"
} |
A defense wound or self-defense wound is an injury received by the victim of an attack while trying to defend against the assailant(s). Defensive wounds are often found on the hands and forearms if a victim raised them to protect the head and face or to fend off an assault, but may also be present on the feet and legs ... | {
"page_id": 34211972,
"source": null,
"title": "Defense wound"
} |
The molecular formula C14H16N2 (molar mass: 212.29 g/mol) may refer to: Atipamezole Diphenylethylenediamine Ergoline Naphthylpiperazines 1-(1-Naphthyl)piperazine 1-(2-Naphthyl)piperazine RS134-49 Tolidine | {
"page_id": 24053892,
"source": null,
"title": "C14H16N2"
} |
Metal whiskering is a phenomenon that occurs in electrical devices when metals form long whisker-like projections over time. Tin whiskers were noticed and documented in the vacuum tube era of electronics early in the 20th century in equipment that used pure, or almost pure, tin solder in their production. It was notice... | {
"page_id": 1378439,
"source": null,
"title": "Whisker (metallurgy)"
} |
growth requires moisture capable of dissolving the metal into a solution of metal ions, which are then redistributed by electromigration in the presence of an electromagnetic field. While the precise mechanism for whisker formation remains unknown, it is known that whisker formation does not require either dissolution ... | {
"page_id": 1378439,
"source": null,
"title": "Whisker (metallurgy)"
} |
affecting the circuit impedance and causing reflections. In computer disk drives they can break off and cause head crashes or bearing failures. Tin whiskers often cause failures in relays and have been found upon examination of failed relays in nuclear power facilities. Pacemakers have been recalled due to tin whiskers... | {
"page_id": 1378439,
"source": null,
"title": "Whisker (metallurgy)"
} |
incidents == === Galaxy IV === Galaxy IV was a telecommunications satellite that was disabled and lost due to short circuits caused by tin whiskers in 1998. It was initially thought that space weather contributed to the failure, but later it was discovered that a conformal coating had been misapplied, allowing whiskers... | {
"page_id": 1378439,
"source": null,
"title": "Whisker (metallurgy)"
} |
LaHood, 'The verdict is in. There is no electronic-based cause for unintended high-speed acceleration in Toyotas. Period.'" According to a Toyota press release, "no data indicates that tin whiskers are more prone to occur in Toyota vehicles than any other vehicle in the marketplace." Toyota also states that "their syst... | {
"page_id": 1378439,
"source": null,
"title": "Whisker (metallurgy)"
} |
Preslav Nakov (born on 26 January 1977 in Veliko Turnovo, Bulgaria) is a computer scientist who works on natural language processing. He is particularly known for his research on fake news detection, automatic detection of offensive language, and biomedical text mining. Nakov obtained a PhD in computer science under th... | {
"page_id": 66848907,
"source": null,
"title": "Preslav Nakov"
} |
of natural language processing and text mining. He has published over 300 peer-reviewed research papers. Preslav Nakov's early research was on lexical semantics and text mining. He published influential papers on biomedical text mining, most prominently on methods to identify citation sentences in biomedical papers. He... | {
"page_id": 66848907,
"source": null,
"title": "Preslav Nakov"
} |
Random chimeragenesis on transient templates (RACHITT) is a method to perform molecular mutagenesis at a high recombination rate. For example, RACHITT can be used to generate increased rate and extent of biodesulfurization of diesel by modification of dibenzothiophene mono-oxygenase. DNA shuffling is a similar but less... | {
"page_id": 6883469,
"source": null,
"title": "Random chimeragenesis on transient templates"
} |
Breastmilk medicine refers to the non-nutritional usage of human breast milk (HBM) as a medicine or therapy to cure diseases. Breastmilk is perceived as an important food that provides essential nutrition to infants. It also provides protection in terms of immunity by direct transfer of antibodies from mothers to infan... | {
"page_id": 73402513,
"source": null,
"title": "Breastmilk medicine"
} |
human respiratory tract and causes mild cold-like symptoms. Lactoferrin can interact directly with the F glycoprotein which is a protein on the surface of the virus that is responsible for presenting the virus to body cells and causing infections. Adenovirus is another group of viruses that targets the mucosal membrane... | {
"page_id": 73402513,
"source": null,
"title": "Breastmilk medicine"
} |
HBM help strengthen the baby’s immune system. These immunological components include antimicrobial proteins that can inhibit or kill a wide range of pathogens whose invasion may lead to an inflammatory response. This antimicrobial effect could be achieved by indirectly creating an unfavorable environment for the growth... | {
"page_id": 73402513,
"source": null,
"title": "Breastmilk medicine"
} |
in early modern England recommended human milk for conditions ranging from mild symptoms such as soreness to even blindness. Healers in that era even believed that a mixture of HBM with other components could restore eyesight. ==== Scientific findings ==== Evidence from clinical research has shown that applying HBM can... | {
"page_id": 73402513,
"source": null,
"title": "Breastmilk medicine"
} |
induces apoptosis in lung carcinoma cells. In in vitro and animal model studies, HAMLET has shown preventative and therapeutic effects in reducing and controlling tumor growth. The physiological effects of HAMLET may explain the proposal that breastfeeding has protective effects for mothers and children against cancer,... | {
"page_id": 73402513,
"source": null,
"title": "Breastmilk medicine"
} |
HBM, causing complications for infants. === Evaluation of medical effectiveness of breastmilk === There is difficulty in the generalization of study results in evidence-based practice due to inconsistencies in the clinical study findings on breastfeeding medicine. HBM compositions are diverse among different individual... | {
"page_id": 73402513,
"source": null,
"title": "Breastmilk medicine"
} |
Continuum (pl.: continua or continuums) theories or models explain variation as involving gradual quantitative transitions without abrupt changes or discontinuities. In contrast, categorical theories or models explain variation using qualitatively different states. == In physics == In physics, for example, the space-ti... | {
"page_id": 20646034,
"source": null,
"title": "Continuum (measurement)"
} |
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