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in order to assess the habitability of planets around other stars we need to consider all possible influences on that system. we investigated whether any of the known habitable-zone exoplanet systems could be destroyed by a nearby supernova. we used an existing exoplanets database to define a collection of systems with... | determining the habitability of earth-like exoplanets through an analysis of their eventual destruction by supernova |
star systems consisting of two or more stars are very abundant in our stellar neighbourhood which makes them interesting candidates for the search of life. for single star systems there exist different climatic models (e.g. kasting et al. 1993 and kopparapu et al. 2013) to determine the habitable zone, that defines the... | habitability of exoplanets in binary and multiple star systems |
this code reproduces the figure and calculations on the research note of the aas entitled "on the transit probability of the habitable-zone exoplanet gj 357 d" | transit probability calculation for gj 357 d |
space-based missions such as kepler, and now tess, provide large datasets that must be analyzed efficiently and systematically. shallue & vanderburg (2018) recently used state-of-the-art deep learning models to successfully classify kepler transit signals as either exoplanets or false positives. we expand upon that... | automatic classification of transiting planet candidates using deep learning |
we are investigating the science case for a 1.0-1.4 meter space telescope to survey the closest, brightest fgkm main sequence stars to search for habitable zone (hz) earth analogs using the precise radial velocity (prv) technique at a precision of 1-10 cm/s. our baseline instrument concept uses two diffraction-limited ... | earthfinder: a precise radial velocity survey probe mission of our nearest stellar neighbors for earth-mass habitable zone analogs using high-resolution uv-vis-nir echelle spectroscopy on a space platform |
evaporation of hydrogen and helium is now directly observable for exoplanets of jupiter and neptune size, by using high-resolution spectral observations in the ultraviolet and in the infrared. for even smaller planets, the ongoing loss of a primordial hydrogen-helium atmosphere has not been directly observed yet, but i... | habitability and loss of hydrogen-helium atmospheres of small planets - the k dwarf advantage |
high-energy particles from m-dwarf superflares--flares with energy (\geq 10^{33}) erg--can dramatically impact habitable-zone planets around these cool stars, with possible effects including the excitation of intense aurorae as particles interact with planetary atmospheres. prior work has demonstrated that earthlike at... | constraints on post-superflare exo-auroral emission with soar and the evryscope fast transient engine |
coronal mass ejections (cmes), enormous releases of energy from the sun, can have significant space-weather implications for earth. do similar storms from smaller stars m dwarfs like v374 peg, or the nearby proxima centauri mean bad news for the planets that these stars host?volatile starsdifference in habitable-zone s... | are stellar storms bad news for m-dwarf planets? |
since the discovery of the first extrasolar planet 51 pegasi b, almost five thousand exoplanets have been detected and confirmed by several astronomical facilities both space and ground based. the higher the number of confirmed exoplanets the more justified is the human issue about the possibility of other life forms i... | the efficiency of the oxygenic photosynthesis on earth-like planets in the habitable zone |
the habex and luvoir concepts aim to directly image and spectrally characterize potentially habitable exoplanets. using exosims, realistic mission observing constraints, and dynamically responsive scheduling, we simulate the exoplanet detection and characterizations over monte carlo realizations of synthetic planets ar... | updated standard evaluation of exoplanet yield for the luvoir and habex concept studies |
we examine how space weather impacts a planet's atmospheric chemistry and climate. the young sun would have been more magnetically active and should have experienced more frequent coronal mass ejections (cmes), bombarding the planet's upper atmosphere with solar energetic particles (seps). these particles helped drive ... | effect of space weather on atmospheric chemistry and climate |
the earth's crust is strongly depleted in the biological elements cnps as well as water relative to primitive meteorites. these elements did not condense within the earth's accretion zone; they were volatilized to space during planetary collisions, and/or they sunk into the earth's iron core. the earth's inventories ar... | planetary interior-atmosphere interaction and habitability |
interaction with the stellar wind and accompanying radiation can result in significant atmospheric erosion, potentially affecting a planet's ability to host life. previous research indicates the atmospheres of close-in, low-mass planets are highly vulnerable to the effects of xuv driven photoevaporation. however, the e... | mhd effects of the stellar wind on observations of escaping exoplanet atmospheres |
precision radial velocity (rv) surveys use high resolution spectrographs in the optical and near-infrared to search for exoplanets. in this presentation we describe our pipeline and preliminary results to search for unresolved laser technosignatures in m dwarf spectra observed by the habitable-zone planet finder (hpf).... | searching for lasers in m dwarf spectra using the habitable-zone planet finder |
the surface features of distant potentially habitable worlds are unknown and likely to remain so for the foreseeable future. as a result, 3-d general circulation model (gcm) simulations of the climates of these worlds commonly utilize an aquaplanet configuration (no emergent land). we highlight here the differences in ... | the importance of topography in modeling the climates of potentially habitable worlds |
we do not understand the largest planets around the smallest and most numerous stars in the galaxy. m dwarfs are the most common type of stars in the galaxy. empirical studies show that they also play host to more inner planets than fgk stars, despite this, of the currently $\sim 5000$ confirmed exoplanets, only about ... | developing new tools and techniques to probe the m dwarf planet population |
before applying our magnetic moment model, we compile a data base of rocky exoplanets using the nasa composite exoplanet data base (akeson et al. 2013pasp..125..989a), in conjunction with the higher precision radii of kepler planets given in fulton & petigura (2018aj....156..264f, cat. j/aj/156/264) (table a1). unk... | vizier online data catalog: magnetic dipole moments on rocky exoplanets (mcintyre+, 2019) |
extremely precise radial velocity (eprv) measurements are critical for characterizing nearby terrestrial worlds. eprv measurement precisions of σrv =1-10 cm/s are required to study earth-analogs requiring sub-mk thermo-mechanical stability requirements of doppler spectrographs. with such constraints, to maximize the sc... | the ilocater environmental control system: delivering cryogenic thermal stability for eprv diffraction-limited spectrographs |
understanding stellar rotation and magnetic activity is critical to both the detection and characterization of exoplanets. this is particularly pertinent for planets around m dwarf stars, which remain magnetically active for gyrs and for which the habitable zone is at only a few tenths of an au. while these low-mass st... | age, rotation, and activity in m dwarfs and the implications for planet-hosting stars |
this presentation will review the intended purpose of the habitable zone, recent work on the habitable zone, and critical areas of work that are needed to improve the habitable zone. the habitable zone is a concept designed to help us 1) design future direct telescopes and instrumentation whose goals include confirming... | the habitable zone: intended applications, controversial misapplications, and needed improvements |
in the search for potentially habitable exoplanets, m-dwarf systems are particularly promising due to their abundance in the galaxy. planets orbiting these stars are likely tidally locked in 1:1 spin orbit states. this paper will examine the effects of negative carbon-silicate feedback on the climate of these tidally l... | testing for climate limit cycles on tidally locked planets |
the three nearby tidally locked exoplanets--proxima b, trappist 1e, and lhs 1140b will be the prime targets for future atmosphere and climate observations for finding habitable systems. previous climate studies suggest that these planets would be ice-free in the sub-stellar region and ice-covered in other regions if as... | proxima b, trappist 1e, and lhs 1140b: increased ice coverages by sea ice dynamics |
the habitable exoplanet imaging mission (habex) is one of four flagship mission concepts being studied in advance of the 2020 astrophysics decadal survey. the primary goal of habex exoplanet science is to directly image and characterize rocky planets in the habitable zones of sun-like stars. in addition to the search f... | characterizing a diversity of exoplanetary systems with habex |
habex architecture a is a 4m unobscured telescope optimized for direct imaging and spectroscopy of potentially habitable exoplanets, and also enables a wide range of general astrophysics science. the exoplanet detection and characterization drives the enabling core technologies. a hybrid starlight suppression approach ... | technology maturity for the habitable-zone exoplanet imaging mission (habex) concept |
the coronagraph is a key instrument on the large uv-optical-infrared (luvoir) surveyor mission concept. the apodized pupil lyot coronagraph (aplc) is one of the baselined mask technologies to enable 1e10 contrast observations in the habitable zones of nearby stars. both the luvoir architectures a and b present a segmen... | modelling exoplanet detection with the luvoir coronagraph: aberration sensitivity and error tolerances |
nasa's exoplanet exploration program (exep) guides the development of technology that enables the direct imaging and characterization of exo-earths in the habitable zone of sun-like stars with future space observatories. here we present the 2018 exep technology gap list, an annual update to exep's list of technologies,... | technology required to image and characterize an exo-earth from space |
where should we search for life in the universe? habitable zones are traditionallydetermined based on the possibility of liquid water existing on a planet but ultraviolet (uv) radiation also plays a key role.the uv habitable zoneschematic showing how the traditional habitable zones location and width changes around dif... | uv habitable zones further constrain possible life |
for the first time in human history, our generation will have the technology needed to answer one of the longest-standing questions: "are we alone?" only recently have planet-hunting programs (such as trappist, mearth, and kepler) confirmed the first earth analogues orbiting m dwarfs. however, it is unknown whether pla... | the mid-infrared search for life on nearby transiting exoplanets using the origins space telescope |
most of the recent detailed exoplanet studies are focused on the so-called hot jupiters, since the smaller planets remain to be difficult to observe. at the same time, low-mass planets in the habitable zone of bright stars appear to be more interesting in terms of habitability studies and the quest of an earth twin. in... | target prioritization routines for cheops observations: a grid of planet upper atmosphere models |
in 2018 nasa will launch the mit-led transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) which has a goal of detecting terrestrial-mass planets orbiting stars bright enough for mass determination via ground-based radial velocity observations. we inferred how many exoplanets the tess mission will detect, the physical propertie... | simulating the exoplanet yield from the transiting exoplanet survey satellite |
traditionally, the habitable zone has been defined as the distance at which liquid water could exist on the surface of a rocky planet. however, different complexity models (simplified and fast:1d, and complex and time-intense:3d) models derive different boundaries for the habitable zone. the goal of this project was to... | mapping the habitable zone of exoplanets with a 2d energy balance model |
discovery of over 4700 exoplanets in our galaxy suggests that close-in rocky exoplanets in the habitable zones around magnetically active g, k and m dwarfs should be exposed to high stellar coronal x-ray and extreme uv (euv) and wind mass fluxes. kepler and tess missions have revealed frequent superflares on cool g, k ... | recent progress in data constrained sun-as-a-star modeling of coronae, winds and eruptive events of young solar-like stars |
rocky planets located in the habitable zones around m-dwarfs are ideal targets for the search of life outside our solar system. on the one hand, in order to better understand their formation and evolution, n-body simulations were developed. the central object was assumed to be a star close to the substellar mass limit.... | rocky planets at the substellar mass limit |
planets interact with their host stars through gravity, radiation and magnetic fields, and for those giant planets that orbit their stars within 20 stellar radii (=0.1 au for a sun-like star), star-planet interactions (spi) are observable with a wide variety of photometric, spectroscopic and spectropolarimetric studies... | a review and preview of magnetic star-planet interactions |
context: most stars in the galactic stellar population are low-mass stars. very low mass (vlm) stars are a subset of the low-mass stars typically defined in terms of the stellar masses ranging from 0.6 m☉ to the hydrogen-burning limit of about 0.075 m☉. aim: the observational studies of vlm binaries can provide effecti... | investigation of very low mass binaries using vlt/naco |
in the next decades, ground-based direct imaging capabilities at mid-infrared wavelengths will be needed alongside jwst in order to image planets close to their stars – including most nearby habitable-zone planets. the eso/breakthrough-sponsored new earths in the alpha centauri region (near) program on the vlt recently... | mid-infrared imaging of habitable-zone exoplanets with lbti |
editors note: in these last two weeks of 2022, well be looking at a few selections that we havent yet discussed on aas nova from among the most-downloaded articles published in aas journals this year. the usual posting schedule will resume in january.system architecture and planetary obliquity: implications for long-te... | selections from 2022: would changing jupiter's orbit affect earth's habitability? |
observing earth-like exoplanets orbiting within the habitable zone of sun-like stars and studying their atmospheres in reflected starlight requires contrasts of ~10-10 in the visible. at such high contrast, starlight reflected by exozodiacal dust is expected to be a significant source of contamination. here, we present... | impact and calibration of exozodiacal dust on observations of earth-like planets with a large future ir/o/uv space telescope |
the habitable exoplanet observatory (habex) is one of four mission concepts under study for the 2020 astrophysics decadal survey. its goal is to directly image and spectroscopically characterize planetary systems in the habitable zone around nearby sun-like stars. additionally, habex will perform a broad range of gener... | technology development roadmap for habitable-zone exoplanet observatory (habex) baseline 4-m primary mirror |
lhs 1140b is a terrestrial exoplanet orbiting in the habitable zone of an m4.5 star (dittmann et al. 2017b; ment et al. 2019). from radial velocity measurements of its mass and transit measurements of its radius, we know that lhs 1140b has a rocky composition, though its radius of 1.7 earth radii puts it at the upper l... | limits on the atmosphere of a habitable-zone terrestrial planet from ground-based spectroscopy |
accurate measurement of exoplanetary masses is a critical step in addressing key aspects of nasa's science vision. new technologies to implement an astrometric instrument capable of measuring masses of earth-analog planets aboard as a part of nasa's future mission portfolio will be required: this is simply the only via... | enabling imaging astrometry detection and mass measurement of earth-like planets |
i present a catalog of 1,794 stellar evolution models for solar-type and low-mass stars, which is intended to help characterize real host-stars of interest during the ongoing search for potentially habitable exoplanets. the main grid is composed of 904 tracks, for 0.5-1.2 m solar masses at scaled metallicity values of ... | the diversity of chemical composition and the effects on stellar evolution and planetary habitability |
the high energy x-ray and uv radiation fields of host stars play a crucial role in determining the atmospheric conditions and habitability of potentially-habitable exoplanets. this paper focuses on the major surveys of the uv/x-ray emissions of m- and k-type exoplanet hosts that have been undertaken by the muscles and ... | the uv/x-ray radiation fields and particle (cme) flows of m dwarf exoplanet host stars |
successfully launched in april 2018, nasa's transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) is well on its way to discovering thousands of exoplanets in orbit around the brightest stars in the sky. during its initial two-year survey mission, tess has monitored more than 200,000 targeted bright stars in the solar neighborh... | review of tess's primary mission and plans for continuing sky surveys |
the success of the keck telescopes' segmented mirror technology provided a basis for the development of other large and extremely large telescopes. we investigate ways to optimize the performance of the segmented mirror telescope further to (1) take on the challenges of high contrast imaging to characterize habitable z... | a phase retrieval technique to measure and correct residual segment piston errors of large aperture optical telescopes |
the large majority of stars in the milky way are late-type dwarfs, and the frequency of especially low-mass exoplanets in orbits around these late-type dwarfs appears to be high. in order to characterize the radiation environments and habitable zones of the cool exoplanet host stars, stellar radius and effective temper... | characterizing the parents: exoplanets around cool stars |
understanding whether m-dwarf stars may host habitable planets with earth-like atmospheres and biospheres is a major goal in exoplanet research. if such planets exist, the question remains as to whether they could be identified via spectral signatures of biomarkers. such planets may be exposed to extreme intensities of... | response of atmospheric biomarkers to nox-induced photochemistry generated by stellar cosmic rays for earth-like planets in the habitable zone of m-dwarf stars |
the habitable exoplanet imaging mission (habex) is a candidate flagship mission being studied by nasa and the astrophysics community in preparation of the 2020 decadal survey. the habex mission concept is a large (~4 to 6.5m) diffraction-limited optical space telescope, providing unprecedented resolution and contrast i... | the habitable exoplanet imaging mission (habex) |
exoplanet imaging has thus far enabled studies of wide-orbit (>~10 au) giant planet (>~2 jupiter masses) formation and giant planet atmospheres, with future 30 meter-class extremely large telescopes (elts) needed to image and characterize terrestrial exoplanets. however, current state-of-the-art exoplanet imaging... | first laboratory demonstration of real-time multi-wavefront sensor single conjugate adaptive optics |
transit spectroscopy of terrestrial planets around nearby m dwarf stars is a primary goal of space missions in the coming decades. 3d climate modeling has shown that slowly rotating terrestrial extrasolar planets, at the inner edge of their habitable zones (ihz), may possess significantly enhanced stratospheric water v... | the impact of stellar uv activity on habitable moist terrestrial exoplanet atmospheres around m dwarfs |
future space-based direct imaging missions (habex, luvoir) would observe reflected light off rocky exoplanets in the habitable zones of sun-like stars. the ultimate goal of these concept missions is to characterize the planets we detect, but the spectroscopic measurements required for that are quite costly. therefore, ... | determining orbits of directly imaged exoplanets within the habitable zone |
the philosophy of the habex design favors as high a technology readiness level (trl) as possible to minimize risk. we discuss the habex technology requirements and state of the art to assess the current trl and provide roadmaps to trl 5. | technology roadmap for the habitable-zone exoplanet observatory (habex) concept |
molecular oxygen (o2) has long been debated as a potentially important bio-signature in observations of exoplanetary atmospheres. at earth, substantial o2 occurs as a result of photosynthetic production. however, a variety of circumstances have been proposed as capable of producing abiotic build-up of o2 for habitable ... | does non-thermal escape inhibit abiotic o2 build-up? |
it is very difficult to detect oxygen around earth-like exoplanets even by using a large ground-based telescope or jwst in visible to near infrared. uv spectroscopy will reveal the expanded atomic oxygen upper atmosphere around an earth-like exoplanet in the habitable zone of a low temperature star. | observability of oxygen exosphere of an earth-like exoplanet around a low temperature star |
the star 55 cancri was one of the first known exoplanet hosts, and each of the planets in this system is remarkable. planets b and c are in a near 1:3 resonance. planet d has a 14.5 year orbit and is one of the longest known orbital periods for a gas giant planet. planet e has a mass of 8m ⊕ and transits this bright st... | cancri (copernicus): a multi-planet system with a hot super-earth and a jupiter analogue |
m dwarfs have much longer main sequence lifetimes than the sun and provide stable habitable zones for tens of billions of years, perhaps making m dwarf planets some of the most habitable in the galaxy. additionally, the smaller radii of m dwarfs allow us to more easily detect transiting earth-analog planets, due to the... | expanding our understanding of m dwarfs in the kepler field |
as the first known multi-planet system of earth-sized worlds, the trappist-1 system has been the subject of intense study since its discovery. with at least three of its planets in the traditional habitable zone, the trappist-1 system offers an exceptional opportunity to study the evolution, potential habitability, and... | limits on clouds and hazes in the trappist-1 planets: insights from the laboratory and models |
background: among the ≈4000 confirmed exoplanets, most of them are orbiting around m dwarfs because they are relatively easy to detect and m dwarfs are the most common type of star in the galaxy. about 15 exoplanets are most likely to have rocky compositions and meanwhile in the habitable zone within which the surface ... | transition from eyeball to snowball driven by sea-ice drift on tidally locked terrestrial planets |
the first exoplanets were discovered in the years leading up to the launch of xmm-newton. this was well after the design had been completed. further, the effect of xuv photons on possible exoplanets had hardly been considered when xmm-newton launched. nonetheless, xmm-newton has been instrumental in informing our under... | 20 years of x-ray exoplanet observations |
one of the primary goals of exoplanet-hunting missions like kepler is to discover earth-like planets in their hosts habitable zones. but could there be other relevant worlds to look for? a new study has explored the possibility of habitable moons around giant planets.seeking rocky worldssince its launch, the kepler mis... | habitable moons instead of habitable planets? |
the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) has so far discovered a multitude of potentially habitable planet candidates. the next step in confirming the habitability of these exoplanets will be spectroscopic observations by the next generation of telescopes. in an effort to prioritize candidates for these observa... | a survey of the habitability of tess planet candidates |
with a radius of 0.95 rearth and a mass of 0.85 mearth, venus is the most analogous planet to earth in the solar system. study of venus and venus-like exoplanets is invaluable in understanding factors that determine a planet's habitability throughout its evolution. fortunately, many venus-analogs are expected to soon b... | identifying potential venus analogs from exoplanet discoveries |
we analyzed radial velocity data from the carmenes vis channel, hires/keck, and harps. all the rvs are corrected for barycentric motion and secular acceleration. the carmenes measurements were taken in the context of the carmenes search for exoplanets around m dwarfs. the carmenes instrument consists of two channels: t... | vizier online data catalog:a neptune-mass planet traversing the habitable zone around hd 180617 (kaminski+, 2018) |
the large ultra violet-optical-infrared (luvoir) surveyor is one of four mission concepts being studied by nasa in preparation for the 2020 astrophysics decadal survey. luvoir is a general-purpose space-based observatory with a large aperture in the 8-15 m range and a total bandpass spanning from the far-ultra violet t... | the search for exo-earths and biosignatures with the luvoir mission concept |
the hunt for ocean-covered, earth-sized exoplanets is rapidly gaining attention because of these planets' exciting potential and implications for habitability. understanding the atmospheres of these planets and determining the optimal strategy for characterizing them through transmission spectroscopy with our upcoming ... | synchronously rotating ocean earths around cool stars: what to expectra |
the habitability of a planet is not well characterized by its mean state but by its diversity of climate regimes that distribute heat and water, if present, over its surface heterogeneously, producing environmental niches that will differ in suitability for life. a planet's climate dynamics are subject to the interacti... | diversity of habitable climatology of land exoplanets in a rocke-3d gcm perturbed parameter ensemble |
the university of rochester (ur) infrared detector group is working together with teledyne imaging sensors to develop megapixel hgcdte 15 𝜇𝑚 cutoff wavelength detector arrays for future space missions with the goal to identify key components of biosignatures in the atmospheres of exoplanets. this technology could hav... | 15 micron cutoff hgcdte infrared detector arrays for exo-astronomy |
nasa's exoplanet exploration program (exep) guides the development of technology that enables the direct imaging and characterization of exo-earths in the habitable zone of their stars for future space observatories. here we present the coronagraph portion of the 2017 exep technology gap list, an annual update to exep'... | technologies required to image earth 2.0 with a space coronagraph |
we propose a high precision calibration scheme for a mid-ir exoplanet spectrometer. this new technology will enable high-precision transmission, emission, and phase curve spectroscopy for the characterization of exoplanets in and near the habitable zone, enabling the detection of biosignatures in rocky planets around t... | the mid-infrared exo-planet climate explorer mirecle: exploring the nearest m-earths through ultra-stable mid-ir transit and phase-curve spectroscopy |
all life on earth requires liquid water, and hence the search for life beyond earth begins with the search for stable water on the surface or in the interior of a planet or moon. the habitable zone (hz) is traditionally defined as the region around a star in which the earth could retain surface water based on incident ... | after the habitable zone |
i will discuss recent work i have done to characterize trappist-1, a nearby exoplanet system hosting seven terrestrial-size planets, three of which are in the habitable zone. in the first part of this talk, i will report on my efforts to constrain the orbital properties of the smallest and farthest out planet in the sy... | probing the trappist-1 system with k2, jwst, and beyond |
the kepler discoveries of terrestrial extrasolar planets candidates started the discussions of life conditions and possible conditions for habitable zone. unfortunately star winds and cosmic rays were almost omitted in consideration despite the fact that they are one of the main factors defining the space weather near ... | cosmic rays and their interaction with astrospheres |
transit spectroscopy of terrestrial planets around nearby m dwarf stars is a primary goal of space missions in the coming decades. 3d climate modeling has shown that slowly rotating terrestrial extrasolar planets, at the inner edge of m dwarf habitable zones (hz), may possess significantly enhanced stratospheric water ... | impact of stellar uv activity on habitable moist terrestrial exoplanet atmospheres around m dwarfs |
the wfirst coronagraph instrument (cgi) will be the first coronagraph with wavefront control in space, with an expected instrumental raw contrast of 3*10^-9 at 150 milliarcseconds in the v band. the cgi will be capable of directly imaging and characterizing mature exoplanets in reflected light for the first time, with ... | wfirst: discovery and characterization of planets in the habitable zone with the cgi |
in an attempt to select stars that can host planets with characteristics similar to our own, we selected seven solar-type stars known to host planets in the habitable zone and for which spectroscopic stellar parameters are available. for these stars we estimated ’empirical’ abundances of o, c, mg and si, which in turn ... | how alien can alien worlds be? |
we describe a possible roadmap to achieving the technological capability to search for biosignatures on an earth-like exoplanet from a future space telescope. the detection of earth-like exoplanets in the habitable zone of their stars, and their spectroscopic characterization in a search for biosignatures, requires sta... | a possible technology development path to direct imaging of exo-earths from space |
here, we investigate the hypothesis that planetary magnetism has a significant effect on the maintenance of liquid water on an exoplanet by determining which of the currently detected planets have sufficient magnetosphere protection from cosmic and stellar irradiation. we used olsen & christiensen's model [1] to de... | planetary magnetism as a parameter in exoplanet habitability |
the "missing methane problem" is one of the central mysteries in the exploration of exoplanetary atmospheres. whereas methane (ch4) is ubiquitous in the atmospheres of solar system giant planets, it has yet to be robustly detected in temperate exoplanetary atmospheres. molecules such as ch4 and ammonia (nh3) are expect... | a jwst search for missing methane |
observations were taken using the habitable-zone planet finder (hpf), a fiber-fed near-ir echelle spectrograph on the 10m hobby-eberly telescope (het). the hpf has a wavelength range coverage of 8079-12786å and resolving power of r~55000. (1 data file). | vizier online data catalog: 130 stellar and planetary parameters (bennett+, 2023) |
the plato 2.0 space mission (planetary transits and oscillation of stars) was selected by the esa science programme in february 2014, as the m3 mission to be launched in 2024. plato 2.0 will detect terrestrial exoplanets in the habitable zone of bright solar-type stars and characterise their bulk properties. the exopla... | the plato 2.0 mission. spanish contribution |
the robo-ao kepler planetary candidate survey is observing every kepler planet candidate host star (koi) with laser adaptive optics imaging to hunt for blended nearby stars which may be physically associated companions. with the unparalleled efficiency provided by the first fully robotic adaptive optics system, we perf... | the robo-ao koi survey: laser adaptive optics imaging of every kepler exoplanet candidate |
how common are habitable earth-like planets? this is a key question that drives much of current research in exoplanets. to date, we have discovered over one thousand exoplanets, mostly through the transit method. among these are earth-size planets, but these orbit very close to the star (semi-major axis approximately 0... | toward other earths |
we just discovered 3 short-period earth-sized planets transiting a nearby ultracool dwarf star. the inner two planets receive four and two times earth irradiation, placing them close to the inner edge of the habitable zone. with equilibrium temperatures between 250 - 400 k these planets likely present habitable regions... | uv exploration of two earth-sized planets with temperate atmospheres |
for my dissertation under the supervision of dr. young, i investigate how stars of different mass and composition evolve, and how stellar evolution impacts the location of the habitable zone around a star. current research into habitability of exoplanets focuses mostly on the concept of the classical hz - the range of ... | the diversity of chemical composition and the effects on stellar evolution and planetary habitability |
we present first results of the composition of laboratory-produced exoplanet haze analogues. with the planetary haze research (phazer) laboratory, we simulated nine exoplanet atmospheres of varying initial gas phase compositions representing increasing metallicities (100x, 1000x, and 10000x solar) and exposed them to t... | laboratory studies of planetary hazes: composition of cool exoplanet atmospheric aerosols with very high resolution mass spectrometry |
the search for earth-like exoplanets, orbiting in the habitable zone of stars other than our sun and showing biological activity, is one of the most exciting and challenging quests of the present time. nulling interferometry from space, in the thermal infrared, appears as a promising candidate technique for the task of... | integrated optics for nulling interferometry in the thermal infrared: progress and recent achievements |
we report on a unique detection methodology using the berkeley visible image tube (bvit) mounted on the 10m southern african large telescope (salt) to search for laser pulses originating in communications from advanced extraterrestrial (et) civilizations residing on nearby earth-like planets located within their habita... | a new imaging technique for detecting interstellar communications |
this presentation will describe the highlights of the hz catalog and the plans for further validation of hz candidates and follow-up studies. | a catalog of kepler habitable zone exoplanet candidates |
the habitable exoplanet imaging mission (habex) is one of four flagship mission concepts currently under study for the upcoming 2020 decadal survey of astronomy and astrophysics. one of habex’s main goals will be a thorough study of planetary systems in our stellar neighborhood. this will include the characterization o... | habex and the search for biosignatures around nearby stars |
understanding how snowball episodes function on earth-like exoplanets is critical for planetary habitability. previous work has shown that glaciated planets in the habitable zone with low outgassing rates could be perpetually cycling through warm and snowball states. on earth, the neoproterozoic snowball events were fo... | investigating equatorial gaps in snowball earth sea glaciers on tidally-locked exoplanets around m-stars |
kepler, k2, and ground-based telescopes have detected around 3,750 exoplanets of which about 10 are temperate and rocky, making them potential candidates for further studies on habitability. an important gas that maintains habitability is nitrogen n2; it is one of the common building blocks of planetary atmosphere, and... | stability of nitrogen in exoplanetary atmospheres in contact with liquid water |
m dwarfs have much longer main sequence lifetimes than the sun and provide stable habitable zones for tens of billions of years, perhaps making m dwarf planets some of the most habitable in the galaxy. additionally, the smaller radii of m dwarfs allow us to more easily detect transiting earth-analog planets, due to the... | fundamental and magnetic characteristics of m dwarfs in the kepler field |
stellar activity is currently a major limitation to the detection of very low mass planets around solar type stars using radial velocity techniques. various techniques have been implemented to mitigate this problem, without allowing to reach one mearth planets for stars similar to the sun yet. it is therefore crucial t... | search for earth analogues in the habitable zone around solar type stars: radial velocity or astrometry? |
the habex and luvoir concepts aim to directly image and spectrally characterize potentially habitable exoplanets. using exosims, realistic mission observing constraints, and dynamically responsive scheduling, we simulate the exoplanet detection and characterizations over monte carlo realizations of synthetic planets ar... | standard evaluation of exoplanet yield for the luvoir and habex concept studies |
one of the core goals of the kepler mission was to determine the frequency of earth-like planets that orbit sun-like stars. accurately estimating this planet occurrence rate requires both a well-vetted list of planets and a clear understanding of the stellar target search sample. previous ground-based follow-up observa... | a closer look at planet occurrence rates: ao follow-up of 71 stars in the kepler field |
terrestrial extrasolar planets around cool host stars are prime targets in the search for habitable surface conditions and biosignatures with current and near-future instruments like the james webb space telescope (jwst). we investigate the potential atmosphere of earth-like planets around cool host stars and calculate... | detectability of atmospheric features of earth-like planets in the habitable zone around cool host stars |
the large ultra violet-optical-infrared (luvoir) surveyor is one of four mission concepts being studied by nasa in preparation for the 2020 astrophysics decadal survey. luvoir is a general-purpose space-based observatory with a large aperture of 8 m (luvoir-b) or 15 m (luvoir-a) and a total bandpass spanning from the f... | the search for biosignatures and exo-earths with the luvoir mission concept |
a universal aspect of exoplanet science is that the information available is very limited, and the sample of planets we can study in situ is very small. detailed, informative observations of exoplanets are observationally resource-intensive and technically difficult, and a growing body of numerical simulations of plane... | low-cost inference of terrestrial climates with broadband photometry |
we propose xmm-newton/epic observations of 14 recently discovered nearbyexoplanet hosts. together, they host a combined 7 earth-like planets and36 known planets overall. many of the planets are located in or near thepresumed habitable zones of their host stars. the targets cover stellartypes from f to m. while a star's... | x-rays in the prime of life: high energy dose to exo-earths |
the titius-bode (tb) relation’s successful prediction of the period of uranus was the main motivation that led to the search for another planet between mars and jupiter. this search led to the discovery of the asteroid ceres and the rest of the asteroid belt. the tb relation can also provide useful hints about the peri... | using a generalized version of the titius-bode relation to extrapolate the patterns seen in kepler multi-exoplanet systems, and estimate the average number of planets in circumstellar habitable zones |
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