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we develop an ultra-stable mid-ir array for the observation of exoplanet transits.this spectrometer is needed to achieve the required sensitivity for the detection of atmospheric bio-signatures in habitable-zone planets around m-dwarfs. | an ultra-stable mid-infrared sensor for the detection of bio-signatures by means of transit spectroscopy |
ultraviolet (uv) astronomy is a very demanded branch of astrophysics. many short-term uv experiments in space as well as long-term observatories in last decades have brought fundamental data for the understanding of the physics of the universe. in this article, we briefly describe the current status of the uv domain ro... | prospects of wso-uv mission for studies of exoplanetary atmospheres. |
the recent detection of a candidate exoplanet at the stellar rotation period of the young m dwarf ad leo places a new emphasis on understanding the persistence and chromaticity of starspot signals for the lowest-mass stars. we have obtained highly precise multi-wavelength doppler spectroscopy of four rapidly-rotating m... | exploring persistent doppler signals in rapidly-rotating m dwarfs |
the discovery and characterisation of new extra-solar planets (exoplanets) is ongoing, but to date only a handful of low-mass planets have been found orbiting in the habitable zone of sun-like stars. the next generation of major facilities (e.g. tess and plato) aimed at the systematic search for earth-like planets orbi... | teth - towards extra-terrestrial habitats |
tides can strongly affect the evolution of the spin of planets. super-earths presenting a solid core and an atmosphere are submitted to both gravitational tides caused by bodies’ mutual gravitational interactions and thermal tides resulting from stellar insolation. thermal tides are particularly important for planets i... | towards a new model of atmospheric tides: from venus to super-earths |
venus is a planet of critical importance in the study of terrestrial atmospheres and the evolution of habitable surface environments. we describe how venus data is being used to characterize exoplanets and define the limits of the habitable zone. | venus as a laboratory for exoplanetary science |
the past several decades have seen an explosion in humanity's knowledge about the existence of distant worlds. thousands of exoplanets have been now been discovered thanks to the development and refinement of the radial velocity (rv) and transit techniques. we are beginning to piece together an understanding of the div... | wobbling towards the future: applications of the radial velocity technique to detect ever-smaller exoplanets |
wide binary star systems with circumstellar exoplanets are generally believed to be conducive to habitable planets. we demonstrate that in the presence of a giant planet secular perturbations can affect the habitable zone for a wide range of system parameters. such perturbations lead to enhanced eccentricities of terre... | dynamical limitations on the habitability of planets in binary star systems |
the first challenge in the hunt for life elsewhere in our universe is to decide where to look. in a new study, two scientists examine whether sun-like stars or low-mass m dwarfs are the best bet for hosting exoplanets with detectable life.ambiguity of habitabilitythe habitable zones of cool m-dwarf stars lie much close... | where should we look for life? |
we explore the feasibility and potential characteristics of photosynthetic light-harvesting on exo-planets orbiting in the habitable zone of low mass stars ($< 1$ m$_{\odot}$). as stellar temperature, $t_{s}$, decreases, the irradiance maximum red-shifts out of the $400 \textrm{nm} \leq \lambda < 750$ nm range of... | thermodynamic limits on oxygenic photosynthesis around m-dwarf stars: generalized models and strategies for optimization |
the apogee-koi program (fleming+ 2015aj....149..143f) used the northern apache point observatory (apo) galactic evolution experiment (apogee) spectrograph (apogee-n) located on the sloan 2.5m telescope at apo. apogee-n is a multiobject, fiber-fed, near-infrared spectrograph capable of observing up to 300 objects simult... | vizier online data catalog: low-mass companions to kois observed with apogee (canas+, 2023) |
continuing improvements in both instruments and analysis techniques for determining stellar radial velocities are enabling the search for exoplanets below the 1 m/s level. amongst improvements required to reach the 10 cm/s level, necessary for detecting earth-mass planets in the habitable zone of sun-like stars, is bet... | characterizing instrument profiles of high-resolution spectrographs with a laser frequency comb |
perhaps the simplest question that one can ask of a distant star or planet is, "what does it actually look like?" even the best interferometers can only image the surfaces of select giant and/or nearby stars, while the direct imaging of exoplanet surfaces is all but impossible. fortunately, several techniques exist tha... | surface maps of stars and exoplanets |
the segmented pupil experiment for exoplanet detection (speed) facility aims to improve knowledge and insight into various areas required for gearing up high-contrast imaging instruments adapted to the unprecedented high angular resolution and complexity of the forthcoming extremely large telescopes (elts). speed combi... | a metrological characterization of the speed test-bed piaacmc components |
m dwarf stars are smaller and cooler than our sun. exoplanets transiting nearby m dwarfs produce very precise transit light curves due to their large planet-to-star radius ratios (rp/r*). the nearby m dwarf lhs 1140 (15 parsecs away and 0.2 solar radii) has two transiting super-earths, lhs1140b and lhs1140c (dittmann e... | photometry of the super-earths transiting the nearby m dwarf star lhs1140 |
methane (ch4) is a primarily biogenic greenhouse gas. as such, it represents an essential biosignature to search for life on exoplanets. atmospheric ch4 abundance on earth-like inhabited exoplanets is likely controlled by marine biogenic production and atmospheric photochemical consumption. such interactions have been ... | controls of atmospheric methane on early earth and inhabited earth-like terrestrial exoplanets |
at present, detecting new rocky planets within the habitable zone and the radial velocity follow-up of transiting candidates are priority objectives of the exoplanetary field. both, require a great effort including high-precision instruments and state-of-the-art analysis techniques. additionally, a proper observing str... | the kobe experiment - kobesim: improving rv detection through efficient scheduling |
kepler-62f is the first exoplanet small enough to plausibly have a rocky composition orbiting within the habitable zone (hz) discovered by the kepler mission. the planet is 1.4 times the size of the earth and has an orbital period of 267 days. at the time of its discovery, it had the longest period of any small planet ... | kepler-62f: kepler's first small planet in the habitable zone, but is it real? |
terrestrial exoplanets in the habitable zones of nearby m dwarfs represent the first targets for the search for life outside of the solar system. it has been long thought that one of the most obvious biosignatures on alien worlds would be the spectroscopic detection of o2 and/or o3, created by a global biosphere of pho... | abiotic oxygen on venus-like exoplanets around m-dwarfs |
terrestrial planets in temperate orbit around very low mass stars are likely to have evolved in a very different way than solar system planets, and in particular earth. however, because these are the first planets that are and will be accessible for in-depth atmosphere, clouds and surface characterizations with existin... | two examples of how to use observations of terrestrial planets orbiting in temperate orbits around low mass stars to test key concepts of planetary habitability |
planets similar to earth - but slightly more irradiated - are expected to enter into a runaway greenhouse state, where all surface water rapidly evaporates, forming an optically thick water-dominated atmosphere. here we take advantage of this runaway greenhouse process to propose a new, innovative observational test of... | towards the detection of the runaway greenhouse radius inflation effect |
among different models for determining the habitable zone (hz) around a star, a latitudinal energy balance model (lebm) is very beneficial due to its parametricity which keeps a good balance between complexity and simulation time. this flexibility makes the lebm an excellent tool to assess the impact of some key physic... | evaluating the effect of four unknown parameters included in a latitudinal energy balance model on the habitability of exoplanets |
an obvious new frontier for humanity is to locate our nearest neighbors technically advanced (eti, extra-terrestrial intelligence), in response to the question "are we alone in the universe?" this quest can be achieved with three steps: 1. find the nearest exoplanets in the habitable zone (hz) of their host stars. 2. f... | a three-steps road map to the new frontier: locating the nearest etis, and the role of astronauts. |
neid is an ultra-stable, optical spectrometer designed to achieve radial velocity (rv) precision on the order of 10cm/s. achieving this level of measurement precision requires extreme thermo-mechanical stability within the instrument which we achieve by maintaining a vacuum on the order of microtorr as well as sub-mill... | design and performance of neid ultra-stable environmental control system |
the discovery of short-period planets with masses and radii intermediate between earth and neptune was one of the biggest surprises in the brief history of exoplanet science. these “super-earths” and “sub-neptunes” are an order of magnitude more abundant than close-in giant planets. despite this ubiquity, we know littl... | measurements of water absorption in the warm exo-uranus gj 3470b |
stellar flares are the most dramatic examples of energy release that non-degenerate stars undergo while on the main sequence. in our search for habitable zone planets around m dwarf stars, characterizing the flare activity of m dwarfs is a key ingredient to understanding the impact the star can have on its near stellar... | from high-energy particle beam heating in stars to ozone destruction in planets: nuv spectra as the fulcrum for a comprehensive understanding of flaring m dwarf systems |
the observations of the kepler space telescope suggest that small planets are abundant around cool main-sequence stars, among which late-m dwarfs (lmds) represent the coolest objects. lmds are the great targets for the exoplanet search with the radial velocity (rv) technique due to their relatively low masses and inner... | the beginning of the strategic large exploration for exoplanets orbiting nearby late-m dwarfs with the infrared doppler (ird) spectrograph on the subaru telescope |
the star 55 cancri was one of the first known exoplanet hosts and each of the planets in this system is remarkable. planets b and c are in a near 1:3 resonance. planet d has a 14.5 year orbit, and is one of the longest known orbital periods for a gas giant planet. planet e has a mass of 8 m? and transits this bright st... | 55 cancri (copernicus): a multi-planet system with a hot super-earth and a jupiter analogue |
in the perspective of detecting and characterizing more and more close-in-orbit hot terrestrial exoplanets transiting nearby m-dwarf stars (e.g., best earth-size targets for observational studies), the atmosphere of our "sister" planet venus is one of the most relevant cases to address observational prospects. the dete... | planetary parameters impact in the large-scale circulation of venus-like exoplanetary atmospheres and observational prospects |
the frequency of earth-like planets in the habitable zone of sun-like stars (ηearth) is a fundamental input in estimating the occurrence rate of life resembling that on earth, and therefore an important parameter for designing future direct imaging missions. ηearth is currently best estimated by the kepler transit surv... | the roman galactic exoplanet survey: prospects for constraining the frequency of earth-analogs |
solar system planets move on almost circular orbits. in strong contrast, many massive gas giant exoplanets travel on highly elliptical orbits, whereas the shape of the orbits of smaller, more terrestrial, exoplanets remained largely elusive. this is because the stellar radial velocity caused by these small planets is e... | eccentricity of small exoplanets |
the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) will discover thousands of exoplanets in orbit around the brightest stars in the sky. in its two-year prime survey mission, tess will monitor more than 200,000 bright stars in the solar neighborhood for temporary drops in brightness caused by planetary transits. this fir... | the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess): discovering new earths and super-earths in the solar neighborhood |
the full data set of known exoplanets was downloaded from the nasa exoplanet archive using the application programming interface. for planets that were missing stellar luminosity, luminosity was calculated using the stefan-boltzmann law. when unavailable, the stellar radius was calculated from the stellar mass and surf... | vizier online data catalog: habitable zone exoplanets from nasa exoplanet archive (hill+, 2023) |
in 2016, a star kic 8462852 caught the world's attention due to a paper by citizen scientists who noticed its seemingly unexplainable brightness variations. the forward theory was offered - kic 8462852 is surrounded by a dyson sphere, a megastructure made by an alien civilization to collect all energy output from their... | making habitable worlds: planets versus megastructures |
traditionally, the search for life on exoplanets has been predominantly focused on rocky exoplanets. hycean worlds are a class of habitable sub-neptunes with planet-wide oceans and h2-rich atmospheres. their broad range of possible sizes and temperatures lead to a wide habitable zone and high potential for discovery an... | chemical conditions on hycean worlds |
by now, observations of exoplanets have found more than 50 binary star systems hosting 71 planets. we expect these numbers to increase as more than 70% of the main sequence stars in the solar neighborhood are members of binary or multiple systems. the planetary motion in such systems depends strongly on both the parame... | impact flux of asteroids and water transport to the habitable zone in binary star systems |
we explore the large-scale climate dynamics at low and high obliquity for an earth-like planet using the rocke-3d (resolving orbital and climate keys of earth and extraterrestrial environments with dynamics) 3-d general circulation model being developed at nasa giss as part of the nexus for exoplanet system science (ne... | climate dynamics and hysteresis at low and high obliquity |
we introduce a mathematical framework for statistical exoplanet population and astrobiology studies that may help direct future observational efforts and experiments. the approach is based on a set of differential equations and provides a time-dependent mapping between star formation, metal enrichment, and the occurren... | beyond the drake equation: a time-dependent inventory of habitable planets and life-bearing worlds in the solar neighborhood |
one of the greatest challenges in astrobiology is understanding the distribution of life in the universe based on a single example: earth. in order to address this limitation, several astronomical surveys monitored hundreds of thousands of stars over the three past decades and found more than 4900 exoplanets around the... | the search for habitable planets |
the search for exoplanets has revealed a diversity of planetary system architectures, the vast majority of which diverge significantly from the template of the solar system. in particular, giant planets beyond the snow line are relatively rare, especially for low-mass stars, placing the solar system within a small cate... | surrounded by giants: habitable zone stability within the hd 141399 system |
earth-like planets orbiting m-dwarf stars, m-earths, are currently the best targets to search for signatures of life. life as we know it requires water. the habitability of m-earths is jeopardized by water loss to space: high flux from young m-dwarf stars can drive the loss of 3-20 earth oceans from otherwise habitable... | the role of magma oceans in maintaining surface water on rocky planets orbiting m-dwarfs |
the continuous discovery of exoplanets, each with distinctive stellar and planetary properties, along with the development of higher resolution ground and space telescopes have positioned climate evolution as a fundamental component in the study of planetary habitability. in particular, the planet gl 514 b is located w... | the climates of gl 514 b |
a major emerging focus of exoplanet research is the role of runaway greenhouse phases in the habitability of rocky planets near the inner edge of the habitable zone. new evidence points to large water reservoirs in the interior of these planets if their surface was hot enough to be molten during their evolution. planet... | the imprint of global magma oceans on exoplanet demographics |
as the search for exoplanets continues, more are being discovered orbiting red giant stars. we use current data from the nasa exoplanet archive to investigate planet distribution around red giant stars and their presence in the host's habitable zone. as well, we explore the distribution of planet mass and orbital semi ... | exoplanets around red giants: distribution and habitability |
the long-term stability of exoplanetary atmospheres depends critically on the extreme-ultraviolet (euv) photon and high-energy particle fluxes from the host star. the euv flux also drives the demographics of the short-period planet population and regulates the ability for rocky planets to maintain habitable environment... | the extreme-uv radiation environment of extrasolar planets: the escape small explorer mission |
the success of the transiting exoplanet survey satellite mission has led to the discovery of an abundance of venus zone terrestrial planets that orbit relatively bright host stars. atmospheric observations of these planets play a crucial role in understanding the evolutionary history of terrestrial planets, past habita... | reading between the lines: investigating the ability of jwst to identify discerning features in exoearth and exovenus transmission spectra |
the new earths in the alpha cen region campaign is a 100-h imaging search for massive rocky planets in the habitable zone of the two stars of alpha cen. the program is a collaboration between the breakthrough initiatives and eso and was launched in 2016. to achieve the challenging goal of near, the vlt mir instrument v... | lessons learned from near for high-contrast imaging of exoplanets with elt metis |
many main sequence stars have chromospheric activity levels that vary with time. these can be characterized based on their ca ii h and k line core emission. using data obtained from the california planet search we fit a sinusoidal function to a sample of 244 stars to test for significant cyclic variability. we wrote a ... | stellar activity of main sequence stars |
many earth-sized planets have been discovered and some of them are potentially in the habitable zone. in addition, several earth-sized planets have been detected around low temperature stars near our solar system. however, it is difficult to characterize them as earth-like or venus-like, even though they are relatively... | uvspex/wso-uv for earth-like exoplanetary oxygen exospheres |
future space missions such as the large uv-optical-infrared surveyor (luvoir) and the habitable exoplanet observatory (habex) require large apertures and coronagraphs with active wavefront control to be able to suppress the starlight so faint planets can be detected and characterized adjacent to their parent star.the e... | sensitivity to telescope aberrations for exoplanet detection with the luvoir coronagraph instrument eclips |
the search for earth-sized exoplanets around low-mass stars is rapidly gaining attention because they represent the best opportunity to characterize habitable planets in the near future. it is essential that we understand the atmospheres of these tidally-locked planets and determine the optimal strategy for characteriz... | exploring habitable-zone earths in synchronous rotation around cool stars with general circulation models and simulated spectra |
machine learning has been successfully used to rapidly classify transit signals (e.g., as planet candidates or false positives) in light curves from the kepler mission using deep convolutional neural networks. however, these machine learning models depend on traditional exoplanet detection pipelines (e.g., the kepler s... | how can machine learning contribute to mining kepler data? |
exoplanetary discoveries in the past two decades have unveiled an astonishing diversity in the physical characteristics of exoplanetary systems. exoplanets known today range from gas-giants to nearly earth-size planets, and some even in the habitable zones of their host stars. recent advances in exoplanet observations ... | exoplanetary atmospheres: thermal inversions and self-consistent models |
two decades ago, technological advancement aligned with some of mankind's oldest and most compelling questions to give birth to exoplanet science. since then, the study of exoplanets, more than any other field of astrophysics, has grown in direct consonance with new instrumentation. in this dissertation talk i will dis... | the promise of many worlds: detection and characterization of exoplanets with extreme precision spectroscopy |
introduction: the search for life on distant exoplanets is expected to rely on atmospheric biosignatures detection, such as oxygen of biological origin. however, it is not demonstrated how much oxygenic photosynthesis, which on earth depends on visible light, could work under spectral conditions simulating exoplanets o... | oxygenic photosynthetic responses of cyanobacteria exposed under an m-dwarf starlight simulator: implications for exoplanet's habitability |
context: most stars in the galactic stellar population are low-mass stars. very low-mass (vlm) stars are a subset of the low-mass stars typically defined in terms of the stellar masses ranging from 0.6 m_sun to the hydrogen-burning limit of about 0.075 m_sun. aim: the observational studies of vlm binaries can provide e... | investigation of very low mass binaries using vlt/naco |
terrestrial planets in the habitable zone (hereafter hz) around nearby stars are of great interest and provide a good sample to characterize their habitability. in this paper, we collect a nearby star catalog within 20 pc according to the gaia catalog of nearby stars, complete the physical parameters of the stars, and ... | the potential of detecting nearby terrestrial planets in the hz with different methods |
our understanding about the heliosphere dramatically evolved from the results from voyager, cassini and interstellar boundary explorer (ibex). with the rapid discovery of exoplanets in other stellar systems it is important to understand how this new acquired knowledge affects the astrospheres around other stars. in par... | the astrosphere and mass-loss ratio of proxima centauri |
to understand the uniqueness of our solar system, we must assess the system architectures and demographic features existing in the known planet population, but such a task requires a homogeneous set of candidates. fortunately, the kepler spacecraft continuously collected photometry from a single patch of the sky, which... | utilizing kepler and k2 to advance exoplanet demographics |
the search for habitable exoplanets received new momentum with recent discoveries of tens of exoplanets in habitable zones around cool stars. many of host stars are represented by active m dwarfs and young g and k dwarfs generating intense x-ray and extreme uv (xuv) radiation fluxes from their quiescent coronae and int... | modeling x-ray and euv driven hydrodynamics escape from earth-like (magnetized and unmagnetized) exoplanets with exo-gitm |
from life on other planets to virtual classrooms this thesis spans a wide array of research topics all based on how we see other worlds. our understanding of everything from moon phases, the planets in our solar system, and exoplanet atmospheres come from our interpretation of light and one day, our knowledge of light ... | the color of habitability |
most of current hypotheses, place the origin of life on earth in an aquatic habitat. therefore, celestial bodies of an oceanic nature, such as enceladus, europa, or certain exoplanets, become important objects of study when searching for inhabited worlds. esa (european space agency) has recently launched the juice miss... | marine tardigrades as a model of extraterrestrial habitability: an astrobiological study at the university of vigo |
two decades ago, technological advancement aligned with some of mankind’s oldest and most compelling questions to give birth to exoplanet science. since then, the study of exoplanets, more than any other field of astrophysics, has grown in direct consonance with new instrumentation. building on the success of instrumen... | connecting the pale blue dots: detection & characterization of exoplanets with extreme precision spectroscopy |
understanding the divergent evolution of venus and earth is a fundamental problem in planetary science. although venus today has a hot, dry atmosphere, recent modeling suggests that venus may have had a clement surface with liquid water until less than 1 billion years ago [1]. venus today has a nearly stagnant lithosph... | venus, earth's divergent twin?: testing evolutionary models for venus with the davinci+ mission |
with the launch of the james webb space telescope (jwst) in the early 2020s, astronomers will likely have the sensitivity to peer into earth-size planet atmospheres, particularly for exoplanets orbiting the smallest of stars, such as the seven planets transiting trappist-1. these observations will have the potential to... | the detection and characterization of terrestrial exoplanet atmospheres and the search for habitability and biosignatures |
land is required not only to provide life a stable surface but also to support a stable carbonate-silicate cycle. modeling studies have surmised that land planets may support a wider and longer continuous habitable zone than aqua planets, both at the moist greenhouse limit and at the outer edge. the habitability of a p... | land planets in a rocke-3d gcm perturbed parameter ensemble: fractional habitability |
which habitable-zone planets can actually support life? a recent study uses a nearby planet proxima centauri b to examine how the presence and size of a land mass impacts the habitability of an ocean world.a target for potential lifein our galaxy, roughly 80% of stars are cool, dim m dwarfs and one in six of these is t... | the impact of land on an ocean world's habitability |
future exoplanet direct imaging missions, such as habex and luvoir, will select target stars to maximize the number of earth-like exoplanets that can have their atmospheric compositions characterized. because one of these missions' aims is to detect biosignatures, they should also consider the expected biosignature yie... | a framework for relative biosignature yields from future direct imaging missions |
we report the discovery of three exoplanets transiting toi-4010 (tic-352682207), a metal-rich k dwarf observed by tess in sectors 24, 25, and 52. we confirm these planets with harps-n radial velocity observations and measure their masses with 14-21% precision. toi-4010 b is a sub-neptune (p = 1.3 days, rp = 3.1 r⊕, mp ... | three short-period large exoplanets with a long-period super-jupiter companion orbiting toi-4010 |
photochemical hazes are expected to form and significantly contribute to the chemical and radiative balance of exoplanets with relatively moderate temperatures, possibly in the habitable zone of their host star. in the presence of humidity, haze particles might thus serve as cloud condensation nuclei and trigger the fo... | humid evolution of haze in the atmosphere of super-earths in the habitable zone |
the kepler mission provided groundbreaking insight into the field of exoplanet demographics. yet our understanding of the kepler sample has evolved over time following development of statistical techniques and updated catalogs. gaia-revised stellar parameters revealed that most stars (and their planets) are larger and ... | the occurrence of earth-sized planets around m dwarf stars |
the recent discovery of seven earth-sized, terrestrial planets around an m dwarf star was met with excitement and optimism. but how habitable are these planets actually likely to be? a recent study of these planets likely climates may provide an answer to this question.an optimistic outlookin february of this year, the... | habitability of the trappist-1 system |
exoplanets are planets that orbit stars outside of our solar system. an array of diverse exoplanets have been discovered around many stars. this project aims to evaluate the potential habitability of our hypothetical exoplanet ut-0a70. our hypothetical planet has characteristics reminiscent of both earth and mars in th... | paraterraforming hypothetical exoplanet ut-0a70 |
mauve is a small space mission by blue skies space mainly dedicated to investigating the stellar magnetism of active stars (across a broad spectral range from f- to m-type stars). this concept is particularly of interest in the context of stellar systems hosting exoplanets, where the magnetic activity of the host star ... | mauve: a uv-vis spectroscopy facility dedicated to studying the magnetic activity of active stars |
the university of colorado led extreme-ultraviolet stellar characterization for atmospheric physics and evolution (escape) small explorer mission concept is designed to measure the extreme- and far-ultraviolet (euv; 80 - 560 a, 600 - 825 a, fuv; 1280 - 1650 a) irradiance and are activity of exoplanet host stars; essent... | opto-mechanical design of the escape small explorer: an euv spectrograph for exoplanet host star irradiance and cme activity |
the photometric analysis of sample am stars is carried out to determine the stellar characteristics and to constrain the stellar dynamics. the spectroscopic analysis of the studied am stars confirms their general characteristics of am stars. the available data on elemental abundances for hd 113878 and hd 118660 have sh... | photometric and spectroscopic analysis of five am stars |
the closeby habitable exoplanet survey (ches), a proposed space-borne mission to detect earth-like planets orbiting 100 nearby solar-type stars (∼10 pc or approximately 32 light years from the sun) via micro-arcsecond relative astrometry, is currently being considered by the chinese academy of sciences as a possible sp... | ches: an astrometry mission searching for nearby habitable planets |
argusspec will be a fast-response, low-resolution spectroscopic follow-up system. built almost entirely from off-the-shelf components, including a medium-aperture (16-in.) ritchey-chretien telescope, a very-low-noise cmos detector, a low-resolution (r~100) spectrograph, and a fast-slew (50 deg/s) mount, argusspec will ... | argusspec: rapid, autonomous spectroscopic follow-up of bright transients |
space borne nulling interferometry in the mid-infrared waveband is one of the most promising techniques for characterizing the atmospheres of extra-solar planets orbiting in the habitable zone of their parent star, and possibly discovering life markers. one of its most difficult challenges is the control of free-flying... | nulling interferometry in space does not require a rotating telescope array |
the warm giants with tess collaboration (wine) is at the forefront of detecting, confirming, and characterizing long-period giant exoplanets from tess. these warm giants provide a key population to constrain planet formation and evolution theories. our systematic search for transits (including single transits) in the t... | the wine survey. a transiting 100-day exo-saturn with a companion in the habitable zone |
extrasolar planets (exoplanets) are the most intriguing objects in astronomy. currently, over 4,000 exoplanets have been discovered. among them, about 100 terrestrial ones are in habitable zones, where planetary surface conditions are theoretically suitable with the presence of liquid water. practicing advanced equipme... | feasibility on characterizing earth-like planets by their optical variation |
water-rich exoplanets are a type of terrestrial planet that is water-rich and whose ocean depth can reach tens to hundreds of kilometers with no exposed continents. due to the lack of exposed continents, neither western boundary current nor coastal upwelling exists, and ocean overturning circulation becomes the most im... | thermocline depth on water-rich exoplanets |
direct imaging observations of exoplanets will help identify earth-like planets around sun-like stars. planned and future missions, such as the large space-based infrared/optical/ultraviolet (ir/o/uv) telescope prioritized in astro2020, are planned to have instrumentation capable of exoplanet direct imaging, such as a ... | the role of exoplanet photometry in orbit-fitting of directly imaged multi-planet systems |
considering subglacial liquid water, a significant extension of the classical habitable zone is obtained. elaborating on the model of wandel it is shown how an atmosphere and liquid water could survive on tidally locked planets closely orbiting an m-dwarf host, extending the habitable zone boundary inwards. in addition... | extended habitability of exoplanets due to subglacial water |
the astro2020 decadal survey recommended a "future large ir/o/uv telescope optimized for observing habitable exoplanets and general astrophysics" that would "search for biosignatures from a robust number of about ~25 habitable zone [exo]planets," now dubbed the habitable worlds observatory (hwo). the search for biosign... | a sensitivity study in two yield metrics over an option space local to a 6m hwo telescope |
aims: a transiting planet candidate with a sub-neptune radius orbiting the nearby (d = 51.9 ± 0.07 pc) m1.5 v star toi-1470 with a period of ~2.5 d was announced by the nasa transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess), which observed the field of toi-1470 in four different sectors. we aim to validate its planetary nat... | two sub-neptunes around the m dwarf toi-1470 |
results are presented from a study of manifestations of the activity of the dwarf gl 414a of spectral class k7 with two planets, one of which (the planet gl 414a b) with an eccentricity e=0.45 was found to be within the habitable zone over a large part of its orbit. our analysis showed that the most reliable determinat... | activity of the star gl 414a with two planets and its effect on the loss of mass of the atmosphere of the planet gl 414a b |
m dwarfs are the most abundant stars in the solar neighborhood and they are prime targets for searching for rocky planets in habitable zones. consequently, a detailed characterization of these stars is in demand. the spectral sub-type is one of the parameters that is used for the characterization and it is traditionall... | applied machine-learning models to identify spectral sub-types of m dwarfs from photometric surveys |
informed by the science cases and options for the luvoir and habex concepts, we present here a summary of an independent analysis by nasa exep to produce a list of priority target stars amenable to surveys for potentially habitable exoplanets via imaging with the ~6-m ir/o/uv space observatory recommended by astro2020.... | nasa exep mission star list of plausible targets for a future irouv direct imaging space observatory |
we leverage gaia dr2 parallactic distances to deliver new or revised estimates of planetary parameters and x-ray irradiation for a distance-limited (≲100 pc) sample of 27 gaseous planets (from super-earths to hot jupiters) with publicly available chandra and/or xmm observations, for which we carry out a homogeneous dat... | planetary parameters, xuv environments, and mass-loss rates for nearby gaseous planets with x-ray-detected host stars |
a planet's history dictates its current potential to host habitable conditions and life. the concept of the continuously habitable zone (chz) has been used to define the region around a star most likely to host planets with long-term habitability. however, definitions of the chz vary in the literature and often conflic... | the abundance of belatedly habitable planets and ambiguities in definitions of the continuously habitable zone |
here we discuss terrestrial planet formation by using earth and our knowledge from various isotope data such as 182hf-182w, u-pb, lithophile-siderophile elements, atmospheric 36ar/38ar, 20ne/22ne, 36ar/22ne isotope ratios, the expected solar 3he abundance in earth's deep mantle and earth's d/h sea water ratios as an ex... | terrestrial planet accretion constrained by isotopes: implications for earth-like habitats |
with the recent launch of jwst, we are entering an exciting new phase of exoplanet science that will focus on characterizing exoplanetary atmospheres, including those of potentially habitable, terrestrial worlds. therefore, a comprehensive understanding of possible biosignatures that may be detected with the next gener... | when is atmospheric methane a good exoplanet biosignature? |
the discovery of earth-like exoplanets has profound implications for our understanding of the origins and diversity of life in our universe. as such, developing new and improved doppler radial velocity (rv) spectrometers capable of discovering and characterizing these planets is a high priority in the astronomical comm... | photonic systems for high precision radial velocity measurements |
the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) is nasa's ongoing mission to discover planets outside the solar system, and to explore the bright and time-variable sky. tess uses 4 optical telescopes to repeatedly acquire images of a 24° by 96° field. the field is switched every 27 days to progressively cover the enti... | the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) |
the climates of terrestrial planets with a small amount of water on their surface, called land planets, are significantly different from the climates of planets having a large amount of surface water. land planets have a higher runaway greenhouse threshold than aqua planets, which extends the inner edge of the habitabl... | the onset of a globally ice-covered state for a land planet |
one of the major developments in the past year has been the first detection of h2o in the atmosphere of the mini-neptune k2-18b orbiting in the habitable-zone of its host star, with an equilibrium temperature of ~300 k. the observations revealed an h2-rich atmosphere with strong absorption from h2o, but also a surprisi... | chemical disequilibrium in a temperate sub-neptune |
we report precise radial velocity observations of hd 212657 (= k2-167), a star shown by k2 to host a transiting planet in a 9.97857 day orbit. using observations from tess, we refined planet parameters, especially the orbital period. we collected 76 precise radial velocity observations with the harps-n spectrograph bet... | a machine learning inspired method reveals the mass of k2-167 b |
statistical distributions of exoplanets obtained by both ground-based and satellite telescopes are heavily distorted by observational selection. it is easier to detect massive planets orbiting close to the star, rather than planets of small masses and planets with large orbital periods. low-mass planets with orbital pe... | the mass and orbital-period distributions of exoplanets accounting for the observational selection of the method for measuring radial velocities. a dominant (averaged) structure of planetary systems |
the trappist-1 system is home to at least seven terrestrial planets and is a target of interest for future james webb space telescope (jwst) observations. additionally, these planets will be of interest to future missions making observations in the ultraviolet (uv). although several of these planets are located in the ... | trappist-1h as an exo-titan. i. the role of assumptions about atmospheric parameters in understanding an exoplanet atmosphere |
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