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extensive interest in exoplanet research is motivated in part by the search for evidence of life on a subset of these worlds. this scientific search relies on measurements of star spectra, and upon the planet spectra, photometry, and mass. the ability to measure these planet properties at the required sensitivity has b... | progress on starlight suppression technologies for nasa direct imaging missions |
the recent discovery of exoplanets with putative habitable zones which may be as frequent as 1025 stimulate the interest in the origin of life on the exoplanets but also on the earl earth (ee). meteorites and missions to mars or moon teach us about their composition, and make us think about the origin of life in genera... | forms of life on early earth as model for exoplanets? |
for providing the maximal carrying capacity and expansive potential of a planetary system (ps), optimal utilization of the orbital material is required. it raises the question of suitability of various objects in a planetary system for the purpose of terraforming and developing full-scale open biospheres.the term "bios... | biosphere substrate and its parameters range |
the kepler and k2 missions have provided the astronomical community with unprecedented amounts of data to search for transiting exoplanets and other astrophysical phenomena. here, we present a low-mass binary system hosting a small transiting planet observed in k2 campaign 4. the candidate was identified by citizen sci... | a small transiting planet discovered by citizen scientists |
the wide field infrared survey telescope (wfirst), now in phase b development, is nasa's next large space observatory, scheduled for launch in 2025. it contains two primary science instruments: a wide field instrument (wfi) to carry out surveys of galaxies in the near infrared; explore the properties of dark energy and... | the wfirst coronagraph instrument (cgi): an update |
we are investigating the science case for a 1.0-1.4 meter space telescope to survey the closest, brightest fgkm main sequence stars to search for habitable zone (hz) earth analogs using the precise radial velocity (prv) technique at a precision of 1-10 cm/s. our baseline instrument concept uses two diffraction-limited ... | earthfinder: a probe mission concept study for the precise radial velocity detection of earth-mass exoplanets |
the large ultra violet-optical-infrared (luvoir) surveyor is one of four mission concepts being studied by nasa in preparation for the 2020 astrophysics decadal survey. luvoir is a general-purpose space-based observatory with a large aperture (8-15 m) and a total bandpass spanning from the far-uv to the near-infrared. ... | the search for biosignatures and exo-earths with the luvoir mission concept |
future space missions such as origins space telescope (ost) will be the instrument of choice to detect these bio-signatures in exoplanets around m-dwarfs by means of mid_ir transit spectroscopy. however, current mid-ir detectors have significant problems with stability. as a result, those detectors are not expected to ... | an ultra-stable mid-infrared detector for the detection of bio-signatures by means of exo-planet transit spectroscopy |
the large uv/optical/infrared surveyor (luvoir) is a concept for a powerful general-purpose observatory spanning the far-uv to the near-infrared. a major goal for luvoir is characterizing a wide range of exoplanets with direct images and spectra, including rocky earth-sized planets in the habitable zones of solar-type ... | telling the story of life in the cosmos: overview of the luvoir space observatory concepts |
studying extreme climate patterns on earth-like planets as a function of atmospheric greenhouse gases, planetary obliquity, orbital eccentricity, solar irradiance variations and location within the host star's habitable zone is needed to determine whether such planets are habitable for life as we know it. studying the ... | an investigation of 3-d climate patterns on hypothetical earth-like planets |
mercury's interaction with the solar wind is unique in our solar system due to its weak global magnetic field and the planet's proximity to the sun. the magnetosphere of mercury is therefore highly dynamic, especially during times of coronal mass ejections (cmes), which travel at high speeds compared to the solar wind ... | on the collapse of mercury's dayside magnetosphere |
an integrated database of confirmed exoplanets has been developed and launched as “exokyoto,” for the purpose of better comprehension of exoplanetary systems in different star systems. the hoststar module of the database includes not only host stars for confirmed exoplanets, but also hundreds of thousands of stars exis... | development of exoplanet database "exokyoto" aiming for inter-comparison with different criteria of habitable zones |
exploration and searching for life in other stellar systems have shown that its development and sustainability depend of very specific environment conditions. due to that, preservation of the equilibrium of this conditions in our planet is very important, because small changes on it can generate high repercussions in i... | astroclimate, a citizen science climate awareness |
we used california planet search ca ii h and k core emission measurements to identify and characterize chromospheric activity cycles in a sample of main-sequence fgk stars. about a dozen of these with existing rosat archival data were targeted with swift to obtain a current epoch x-ray flux. we find that coronal variab... | swift x-ray monitoring of stellar coronal variability |
it is well known that rocky planets located closer to their host stars than the inner boundary of the habitable zone are likely expiencing hot climate and could lose their oceans. generally it is assumed that the main bottleneck controlling the timescale of water loss on these planets are the loss of hydrogen and oxyge... | impact of photolysis on the loss of water vapor from rocky exoplanets |
satellite observations and radiative calculations show that earth's outgoing longwave radiation (olr) is an essentially linear function of surface temperature over a wide range of temperatures (>60 k). although the evidence for a linear relation was first pointed out more than 50 years ago, it is still unclear why t... | the emergent linearity of outgoing longwave radiation in a moist atmosphere: implications for the climates of earth and extrasolar planets. |
in this poster, we use an empirical solar model developed by schrijver, derosa, et al. to simulate the expected large-scale coronal field and stellar activity of m-dwarf stars such as proxima centauri, with the aim of providing relevant stellar input into studies of star-planet interactions in exoplanet systems. follow... | large-scale magnetic field simulations for proxima centauri: a test case for active m-dwarf stars with habitable zone planets |
a plethora of nearby, terrestrial exoplanets has been discovered recently by ground-based surveys. excitingly, some of these are in the habitable zones of their host stars, and may be hospitable for life. however, all the planets orbit small, cool stars and have considerably different irradiation environments from the ... | prospects for detecting thermal emission from terrestrial exoplanets with jwst |
the kepler mission’s latest catalog of planet candidates (data release 25 koi catalog at the nasa exoplanet archive) was released in june of 2017. the catalog contains 4034 candidates including a significant population of terrestrial-size planets in the habitable zone of fgk dwarf stars. i will highlight what we know a... | kepler’s dr25 most earth-like planet candidates: what to know before you go |
the simultaneous detection of carbon dioxide (co2) and abundant methane (ch4) in the atmospheres of habitable exoplanets is a promising biosignature combination [1]. the absence of carbon monoxide (co) would strengthen biogenicity because many non-biological scernaios that generate co2 and ch4 would also be expected to... | are there false positives for a co2+ch4-co disequilibrium biosignature of an archean-like atmosphere? |
exoplanets around nearby small stars present the best opportunity forfuture atmospheric studies with the james webb space telescope and theground based elts under construction. the mearth project has discovered arocky planet with a period of 24.73 days residing in the habitable zone ofthe nearby, spun- down star lhs 11... | assessing the high-energy environment of the habitable zone planet lhs 1140b |
editors note:in these last two weeks of 2017, well be looking at a few selections that we havent yet discussed on aas nova from among the most-downloaded paperspublished in aas journals this year. the usual posting schedule will resume in january.the threatening magnetic and plasma environment of the trappist-1 planets... | selections from 2017: hostile environment around trappist-1 |
we review a number of types of measurements that can be thought of in order to determine the presence of a solid surface and some relief on an exoplanet. we may be guided by the examples of remote sensing of planets mars, venus, and earth. spectroscopy allows to identify a gas and to measure its column abundance. if th... | solid exoplanet surfaces and relief |
plato1 is an m-class mission of the european space agency's cosmic vision program, whose launch is foreseen by 2026. planetary transits and oscillations of stars aims to characterize exoplanets and exoplanetary systems by detecting planetary transits and conducting asteroseismology of their parent stars. plato is the n... | the design of the instrument control unit and its role within the data processing system of the esa plato mission |
trappist-1, a nearby ultracool dwarf star, was catapulted into the public eye roughly a year ago when it was determined to host seven transiting, earth-sized planets three of which are located in its habitable zone. but how correct are the properties weve measured for this system?trappist-1 is a very small, dim star it... | pinning down properties of trappist-1 |
rocky exoplanets in the habitable zones (hz) of low mass stars will be prime targets for atmospheric characterization through transmission spectroscopy with the james webb space telescope (jwst). such planets are likely tidally locked, i.e. that their rotation period is synchronized with their orbital periods. the dete... | the impact of background n2 pressure on the habitability of tidally locked rocky exoplanets around cool stars |
the most potentially observable habitable zone planets are found around m-dwarfs, therefore characterizing their long term atmospheric stability is important. ion loss in particular is critical to study because electric fields provide additional escape energy to heavy species that could make up volatile rich atmosphere... | heavy ion escape from terrestrial exoplanets |
water-worlds are water-rich (>1% water by mass) exoplanets. if located at an appropriate orbital separation from their host star (i.e. in the habitable zone) they may have the potential to host a global surface water ocean. water-worlds likely accrete a comet-like mixture of volatiles, leading to co2-rich compositio... | internal structure and co2 reservoirs of habitable water-worlds |
in this work, we propose a methodology to assess planetary surface habitability for any newly discovered exoplanet lying in the habitable zone of a low mass, superflare, main-sequence star. while habitability is usually a function of multiple parameters (i.e. the size of the planet, the composition of its atmosphere, t... | a method to assess planetary habitability based on the effects of cme magnetic fields on planetary magnetospheres |
one of the most exciting results from alma has been the detection of significant substructure within protoplanetary disks that can be linked to planet formation processes. for the first time, we are able to observe the process of assembly of material into larger bodies within such disks. it is not possible, however, fo... | terrestrial zone exoplanets and life |
transit spectroscopy of terrestrial planets around nearby m dwarf host stars is a primary goal of space missions in the coming decades. 3-d climate modeling has shown that slowly rotating terrestrial extrasolar planets, at the inner edge of their habitable zones (hz), may possess significantly enhanced stratospheric wa... | the impact of stellar uv activity on habitable moist terrestrial exoplanet atmospheres around m dwarfs |
m-dwarf stars are prime targets for exoplanet searches because of their close proximity and favorable properties for both planet detection and characterization, with current searches around these targets having already discovered several earth-sized planets within their star’s habitable zones. however, the atmospheric ... | the far ultraviolet m-dwarf evolution survey (fumes): overview and initial results |
the sun-earth systems has long been used as a template to understand habitable planets around other stars and to develop missions to seek them. however, two decades of exoplanet studies have shown that many, if not most planetary systems around g dwarf stars do not resemble the solar system. moreover, an objective cens... | seek a minor sun: the distribution of habitable planets in the hertzsprung-russell-rosenberg diagram |
m-dwarfs are the most common type of stars in our galaxy. ultra-cool dwarfs (t < 2700 k) are a sub-stellar class of late m-dwarfs and represent nearly ~ 15% of astronomical objects in the stellar neighborhood of the sun. their smaller size than regular m-dwarfs allows easier detection of rocky exoplanets in close or... | impact of clouds in the jwst and luvoir simulated transmission spectra of trappist-1 planets in the habitable zone |
superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (snspds) have emerged as the highest-performing single-photon detectors from the uv to the mid-infrared. these detectors combine very high efficiencies (> 90% in the infrared at 1.55 um), ultralow jitter ( 100 ps or less), zero readout noise, and very low dark count r... | superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors for exoplanet spectroscopy in the mid-infrared |
more than 50 planets are discovered with the different ground based telescopes available for microlensing. but the analysis of ground based data fails to provide a complete solution. to fulfill that gap, space based telescopes, like hubble space telescope and spitzer are used. my research work focuses on extracting the... | wfirst microlensing exoplanet characterization with hst follow up |
for the first time in human history, our generation will have the technology needed to answer one of the longest-standing questions: "are we alone?'' only recently have planet-hunting programs (such as trappist, mearth, and kepler) confirmed the first earth analogues orbiting m dwarfs. however, it is unknown whether pl... | detecting atmospheric biosignatures of transiting exoplanets in the mid-ir |
water worlds are water-rich (>1% water by mass) exoplanets. they may form from volatile-rich material beyond the snow line but never attain masses sufficient to accrete or retain large amounts of h2/he nebular gas. this pathway for producing low-mass water-rich planets has played out as a robust prediction of planet... | internal structure and co2 reservoirs of habitable water-worlds |
kepler has to date discovered 4,496 exoplanet candidates, but only half are confirmed, and only a handful are thought to be earth sized and in the habitable zone. planet verification often involves extensive follow-up observations, which are both time and resource intensive. the data set collected by kepler is massive ... | conducting research from small university observatories: investigating exoplanet candidates |
we propose to take advantage of the stis coronagraphic mode and advances in speckle subtraction techniques to probe for scattered light from epsilon eridani's predicted asteroid belt analog. this proposal tests for the presence of visible scattered light from a warm dust ring at 1 arcsecond with a 5e-5/as^2 contrast, p... | imaging the predicted asteroid belt analogue around epsilon eridani |
space-based telescope mission concepts currently under development by nasa would be capable of directly imaging exoplanets within the habitable zones of their host stars. the spectroscopic data from such missions could provide an opportunity to detect biosignatures. the strongest remotely detectable signature of life o... | assessing ozone detectability on weakly oxygenated terrestrial exoplanets |
our global models show that atmospheres of terrestrial type exoplanets around m dwarfs are vulnerable to high xuv fluxes and magnetized winds causing atmospheric loss rate of o and n, which will make exoplanets uninhabitable within 10-100 myr. | space weather affected habitable zones |
precise measurements of doppler shifts of lines in stellar spectra allowing the radial velocity to be measured are an important field of astrophysical studies. a remarkable feature of the doppler spectroscopy is the possibility to reliably measure quite small variations of the radial velocities (its acceleration, in fa... | methods of laser, non-linear, and fiber optics in studying fundamental problems of astrophysics |
this paper provides an overview of technology development for the terrestrial planet finder interferometer (tpf-i). tpf-i is a mid-infrared space interferometer being designed with the capability of detecting earth-like planets in the habitable zones around nearby stars. | technology challenges for exoplanet detection with mid-ir interferometry |
there is renewed interest in understanding the low mass stars and brown dwarfs of the solar neighborhood. since m dwarfs make up the vast majority of stars in the universe, it is essential that we understand their fundamental physical properties. their ubiquitousness makes them excellent kinematic and chemical probes o... | absolute optical photometry and a photometric metallicity relation for the nearby cool stars from the mearth project |
low-mass stars are the dominant planet hosts averaging about one planet per star. many of these planets orbit in the canonical habitable zone (hz) of the star where, if other conditions allowed, liquid water may exist on the surface.a planet’s habitability, including atmospheric retention, is strongly dependent on the ... | the high-energy radiation environment of planets around low-mass stars |
the relatively low temperatures (~2-4 kk), small radii, and sheer abundance make m dwarfs favorable candidates for planet detection and atmospheric characterization. current models for the habitable zone are determined by the host star luminosity and rarely include contributions from flaring. stellar flares, which occu... | analysis of young m dwarf flaring with the beta pictoris moving group |
the habitable zone gallery (www.hzgallery.org) came online in august 2011 as a service to the exoplanet community that provides habitable zone (hz) information for each of the exoplanetary systems with known planetary orbital parameters. the service includes a sortable table, a plot with the period and eccentricity of ... | what can the habitable zone gallery do for you? |
recent works suggest that oxygen can be maintained on lifeless exoplanets in the habitable zones of m dwarfs as the results of photochemical reactions. however, the same photochemical models also predict high concentrations of carbon monoxide (co) in the corresponding atmospheres. a line-by-line radiative transfer mode... | on the detection of carbon monoxide as an anti-biosignature in exoplanetary atmospheres |
uv stellar radiation can significantly impact planetary atmospheres through heating and photochemistry, even regulating production of potential biomarkers. cool stars emit the majority of their uv radiation in the form of emission lines, and the incident uv radiation on close-in habitable-zone planets is significant. l... | intrinsic lyα profile reconstructions of the muscles low-mass exoplanet host stars |
although the hubble space telescope (hst) and the james webb space telescope (jwst) were not initially conceived for the study of planets beyond our solar system, they will be the workhorses of exoplanet atmospheric characterization in the early 2020s. for more than a decade, hst has provided the exoplanet community wi... | the harvest of hst exoplanet science and the prospect of jwst |
we are standing on the cusp of a major discovery in planetary sciences. for the first time in human history, upcoming surveys and telescopes working together will be able to remotely detect potential biosignatures in exo-earth atmospheres and discover signs of life beyond our solar system. in order to make the most of ... | multi-parameter approach to habitability (m-path) |
m dwarfs are the most abundant stellar type in our galaxy and the most common type of exoplanet host star. the ongoing transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) mission is an all-sky mission designed to detect planets around nearby, bright stars. with its high-cadence, high-precision photometry, tess has revolutioni... | the detection and characterization of planets around m dwarf stars |
microlensing is a key technique for the search and the characterization of exoplanets, with the ultimate goal to understand their formation mechanism. here i report on two space-based programs. the main scientific goal of the ongoing spitzer program is to measure the galactic distribution of exoplanets towards the bulg... | exoplanets and space-based microlensing: the galactic distribution of exoplanets with the spitzer program and the statistical census of planets with the wfirst survey. |
venus analogs discovered in the coming years will be crucial to constraining the parameters that we use to define the habitable zone and venus zone. | identifying potential venus analogs from exoplanet discoveries |
the search for an earth analog within the habitable zone of a sun-like star requires a radial velocity (rv) precision of ~10 cm s^-1. previous generation instrumentation and data analysis techniques paved the way for precision rv measurements, allowing for detections on the order of 1 m s^-1. while the community is wor... | mitigating stellar noise using high cadence radial velocity observations |
aiming for examining the habitable zone around stars, we have been examining the conditions which determine where the inner-edge of habitable zone lies using our atmospheric general circulation model (agcm), dcpam5 (http://www.gfd-dennou.org/library/dcpam). in this presentation, we will show results of two series of ex... | numerical experiments on climate of terrestrial exoplanets: aquaplanet and land planet |
rocky exoplanets are typically classified as potentially habitable planets, if liquid water exists at the surface. the latter depends on several factors like the abundance of water but also on the amount of available solar energy and greenhouse gases in the atmosphere for a sufficiently long time for life to evolve. th... | volcanism and outgassing of stagnant-lid planets: implications for the habitable zone |
in recent work [1] we demonstrated that the climatic history of venus may have allowed for surface liquid water to exist for several billion years using a 3d gcm [2]. model resolution was 4x5 latitude x longitude, 20 atmospheric layers and a 13 layer fully coupled ocean. several assumptions were made based on what data... | modeling venus-like worlds through time and implications for the habitable zone |
uv stellar radiation can significantly impact planetary atmospheres through heating and photochemistry, even regulating production of potential biomarkers. m dwarfs emit the majority of their uv radiation in the form of emission lines, and the incident uv radiation on habitable-zone planets is significant owing to thei... | optical-to-uv correlations and particle fluxes for m dwarf exoplanet host stars |
the synergy between kepler and the ground-based radial velocity (rv) surveys have made numerous discoveries of small and rocky exoplanets, opening the age of earth analogs. however, most (29/33) of the rv-detected exoplanets that are smaller than 3 earth radii do not have their masses constrained to better than 20% - l... | weighing rocky exoplanets with improved radial velocimetry |
observations of terrestrial exoplanet environments remain an important frontier in comparative planetology. studies of habitable zone terrestrial planets will set our own earth in a broader context. hot, post-runaway terrestrial exoplanets can provide insights into terrestrial planet evolution - and may reveal planetar... | what we could learn from observations of terrestrial exoplanets |
what was the big deal behind the kepler news conference yesterday? its not just that the number of confirmed planets found by kepler has more than doubled (though thats certainly exciting news!). whats especially interesting is the way in which these new planets were confirmed.number of planet discoveries by year since... | a new way to confirm planet candidates |
the large uv-optical-infrared (luvoir) surveyor is one of four mission concepts being studied by nasa in preparation for the 2020 astrophysics decadal survey. luvoir is a general-purpose space-based observatory with a large aperture in the 8-16 m range and a total bandpass spanning from the far-uv to the near-infrared.... | the luvoir decadal mission concept |
given recent discoveries there is a very real potential for tidally-locked earth-like planets to exist orbiting m stars. to determine whether these planets may be habitable it is necessary to understand the nature of their atmospheres. in our investigation we simulate the evolution of present-day earth while placed in ... | assessing the chemistry of tidally locked earth-like planets around m-type stars using a 3d coupled chemistry-climate model (cesm/waccm) |
direct imaging plays a key role in the detection and characterization of exoplanets orbiting within its host star's habitable zone. many innovative ideas for starlight suppression and wavefront control have been proposed and developed over the past decade. however, several technological challenges still lie ahead to ac... | lenslet array to further suppress starlight for direct exoplanet detection |
the kepler mission was designed to detect transiting exoplanets and has succeeded in finding over 4000 candidates. these candidates include approximately 50 terrestrial-sized worlds near to the habitable zone of their gkm dwarf stars (shown in figure against the stellar temperature). however not all transit detections ... | kepler's final survey catalog |
over 3500 extrasolar planets have been discovered recently, and a critical question is which types of these exoplanets are potentially habitable. a variety of previous work is concentrated on atmospheric dynamics and its effects on planetary climates. in this study, we expand the research by examining ocean dynamical r... | wind-driven ocean circulations on exoplanets |
habex is one of four candidate flagship missions being studied in detail by nasa, to be submitted for consideration to the 2020 decadal survey in astronomy and astrophysics for possible launch in the 2030s. it will be optimized for direct imaging and spectroscopy of potentially habitable exoplanets, and will also enabl... | the habitable exoplanet (habex) imaging mission: preliminary science drivers and technical requirements |
m-dwarf stars are excellent targets for planet searches because the signal of an orbiting planet is relatively larger (and therefore easier to detect!) around small, dim m dwarfs, compared to sun-like stars. but are there better or worse stars to target within this category when searching for habitable, earth-like plan... | choosing stars to search for habitable planets |
direct imaging of earth-like extrasolar planets in the habitable zone and the search for possible biological signatures are among the key scientific objectives in the modern astronomy. stellar coronagraph such as achromatic interfero coronagraph (aic) with a small inner working angle has limited possibilities to detect... | achromatic interfero-coronagraph with variable rotational shear in laboratory experiments |
we used california planet search ca ii h and k core emission measurements to identify and characterize chromospheric activity cycles in a sample of main-sequence fgk stars. about a dozen of these with existing rosat archival data were targeted with swift to obtain a current epoch x-ray flux. we find that coronal variab... | swift x-ray monitoring of stellar coronal variability |
the habitable exoplanet imager is one of four flagship missions that nasa is studying in advance of the 2020 decadal survey. the primary goal of habex is to directly image and characterize rocky planets in the habitable zones of sun-like stars. | habex: finding and characterizing habitable exoplanets with a potential future flagship astrophysics mission |
the discovery of kepler 452b is a milestone in searching for habitable exoplanets. while it was suggested that kepler 452b is the first earth-like exoplanet discovered in the habitable zone of a sun-like star, its climate states and habitability require quantitative studies. using a three-dimensional fully coupled atmo... | climate and habitability of kepler 452b |
the discovery of short-period planets with masses and radii between earth and neptune was one of the biggest surprises in the brief history of exoplanet science. from the kepler mission, we now know that these “super-earths” or "sub-neptunes" orbit at least 40% of stars, likely representing the most common outcome of p... | a large hubble space telescope survey of low-mass exoplanets |
the liquid water habitable zone (hz) describes the orbital distance at which a terrestrial planet can maintain above-freezing conditions through regulation by the carbonate-silicate cycle. calculations with one-dimensional climate models predict that the inner edge of the hz is limited by water loss through a runaway g... | limit cycles at the outer edge of the habitable zone |
in the search for habitable exoplanets, astronomers' primary criterion has historically been that the planet's equilibrium temperature be suitable for liquid water. equilibrium temperature is often determined assuming a circular orbit and, therefore, a constant star-planet separation, especially for low-mass transiting... | home sweet home?: determining habitability from the eccentricities of kepler-186 |
the field of exoplanets has rapidly expanded from the exclusivity of exoplanet detection to include exoplanet characterization. a key step towards this characterization is the de- termination of which planets occupy the habitable zone (hz) of their host stars. as the kepler data continues to be processed, the orbital p... | definitions and caveats of the habitable zone |
editors note:in these last two weeks of 2015, well be looking at a few selections from among the most-downloaded paperspublished in aas journals this year. the usual posting schedule will resume after the aas winter meeting.discovery and validation of kepler-452b: a 1.6 r super earth exoplanet in the habitable zone of ... | selections from 2015: earth-sized planet found in star's habitable zone |
with about 2000 exoplanets discovered within a large range of different configurations of distance from the star, size, mass, and atmospheric conditions, the concept of habitability cannot rely only on the stellar effective temperature anymore. in addition to the natural evolution of habitability with the intrinsic ste... | host's stars and habitability |
the discovery of planets with masses and radii intermediate between earth and neptune was one of the biggest surprises in the brief history of exoplanet science. these "super-earths" are an order of magnitude more abundant than close-in giant planets. despite this ubiquity, we know little about their typical compositio... | exploring the diversity of super-earths |
we just discovered 3 short-period earth-sized planets transiting a nearby ultracool dwarf star. the inner two planets receive four and two times earth irradiation, placing them close to the inner edge of the habitable zone. with equilibrium temperatures between 250 - 400 k these planets likely present habitable regions... | uv exploration of two earth-sized planets with temperate atmospheres |
the likelihood of finding an earth-like planet in the habitable zone of an m dwarf in the near future is very high. in order to characterize such a planet's habitability, we need to understand how much ultraviolet (uv) radiation the planet is receiving from its host star. uv light from the host star influences a planet... | measuring the ultraviolet variability of m dwarfs with galex |
the search for habitable exoplanets is currently focused on planets orbiting m-dwarf stars, due to the close proximity of the habitable zone to the star. however, the traditional habitability definition does not account for the physical space environment near the planets, which can be extreme at close-in orbits, and ca... | space physics of close-in exoplanets and its implications for planet habitability |
the discovery of short-period planets with masses and radii between earth and neptune was one of the biggest surprises in the brief history of exoplanet science. from the kepler mission, we know that these "super-earths" or "sub-neptunes" orbit at least 40% of stars, likely representing the most common outcome of plane... | a large hubble space telescope survey of low-mass exoplanets |
galactic gravitational microlensing is a very e!cient technique to detect brown dwarfs and extrasolar planets at large orbital distances from their stars, and down to earth-mass planets. the exoplanets discovered are beyond the snow line and typically close to the habitable zone of their host stars. i will present the ... | exoplanets mass measurement using gravitational microlensing |
the planet occurrence rate has been found to increase with decreasing stellar mass (later spectral types) in the original kepler field, and one out of four m dwarfs are expected to host earth-sized planets within their habitable zones. m dwarf systems are, therefore, our most promising targets in the search for exoplan... | characterization of mid-type m dwarfs in the kepler field |
habitable zones are a hot topic in exoplanet studies: where, around a given star, could a planet exist that supports life? but if you scale this up, you get a much less common question: which type of galaxy is most likely to host complex life in the universe? a team of researchers from the uk believes it has the answer... | which galaxies are the most habitable? |
m-dwarf stars are prime targets in the search for habitable exoplanets because the stars are smaller and the habitable zone is quite close to the star. surveys have revealed a considerable number of tightly packed planetary systems around small stars, and this raises the question of how closely planets can be packed to... | stability of evenly spaced, tightly packed systems of earth-massed planets around m-dwarfs |
although observations of exoplanetary observations remain rather limited, our inner solar system continues to be a useful springboard for understanding exoplanetary habitability. indeed, the habitable zone (hz), which is a navigational tool for finding potentially habitable exoplanets, was partially designed from our k... | linking the habitable zone to solar system and exoplanetary habitability |
habitable-zone rocky planets orbit nearly all stars; however, stellar flares make detecting these planets and discovering their actual habitability challenging. although kepler measured flare rates for various spectral-types around distant stars, the flare rates and intensities of nearby stars available to planet searc... | evryflare: flare rates and intensities for every 10 < g' < 15 solar-type and red dwarf star in the southern sky |
it is known that the universe also contain many other planetary systems which are different from our solar system in terms of host star, number and natures of orbiting planets. the present paper aims at reviewing works done for observing exoplanets. for that purpose, detection technologies and methods are specified fir... | progress in the observation of exoplanets |
planetary transits and ocillations (plato) is the third european space agency (esa) medium class mission in esa's cosmic vision programme due for launch in 2026. plato will carry out high precision un-interrupted photometric monitoring in the visible band of large samples of bright solar-type stars. the primary mission... | on-ground and in-orbit characterisation plan for the plato ccd normal cameras |
future extremely large telescopes, equipped with high-contrast instruments targeting very small inner working angle, will provide the requisite resolution for detecting exoplanets in the habitable zone around m-stars. however, the elt segmented pupil shape is unfavourable to high-contrast imaging. in this context, the ... | an end-to-end fresnel propagation model for speed: piaacmc implementation and performance |
this presentation will give an overview of the exoplanetary and planetary observing capabilities of the large uv-optical-infrared (luvoir) surveyor. luvoir is one of four large mission concepts for which the nasa astrophysics division has commissioned studies by science and technology definition teams (stdts) drawn fro... | exoplanet and solar system science with the luvoir mission |
potential solar tides in an ancient venusian ocean are simulated using a dedicated numerical tidal model. a series of simulations with ocean depths varying between 330-4500m and rotational periods ranging from -243 to 64 earth days were used to calculate tidal dissipation rates and the resulting tidal torque and associ... | ocean tides and rotation rates: a venusian application |
evidence from the solar system suggests that, unlike venus and mars, the presence of a strong magnetic dipole moment on earth has helped maintain liquid water on its surface. therefore, planetary magnetism could have a significant effect on the long-term maintenance of atmosphere and liquid water on rocky exoplanets. w... | planetary magnetism as a parameter in exoplanet habitability |
a rigorous defi nition of the habitable zone and its dependence on planetary properties is part of the search for habitable exoplanets. in this work, we use the general circulation model exocam to determine how the inner edge of the habitable zone of tidally locked planets orbiting m dwarf stars depends on planetary ra... | effects of radius and gravity on the inner edge of the habitable zone |
direct imaging of exoplanets will increasingly become a more popular method of exoplanet detection and characterization as larger space telescopes equipped with better technology and more ambitious scientific objectives are launched. among other scientific objectives, nasa's large ultraviolet/optical/infrared surveyor ... | simulating the earth-like exoplanet yield of the nasa luvoir 'a' architecture direct-imaging mission |
since the discovery of the first exoplanet more than two decades ago, the field of exoplanets has drastically expanded. this expansion has been driven in large part due to advances in instrumental capabilities, increasing our sensitivity to detecting and characterizing these exoplanetary worlds. in this dissertation ta... | extreme precision photometry and radial velocimetry from the ground |
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