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starshades suppress on-axis starlight to enable the direct imaging of exoplanets with non-specialized space telescopes of variable size. even relatively small, commercially available telescopes are capable of imaging earth-like planets in the habitable zone, and larger telescopes provide the capability to characterize ... | imaging exoplanets with the exo-s starshade mission: baseline design |
the modern view of planets goes far beyond the usual concept of the planets as bodies of the solar system. the discovery of exoplanets has immeasurably expanded the understanding of the architecture and properties of planetary systems. major advances have been made in the study of the planets and minor bodies of the so... | planets — a modern view |
over the last decade numerous discoveries of exoplanets significantly enhanced our knowledge about planetary systems and their interaction with the host stars. future missions such as plato and ariel will further shed light on the diversity and frequency of rocky planets within the habitable zones of m, k, and even g s... | habitability in the solar system and beyond - the role of star-planet interactions |
the search for water-rich earth-sized exoplanets around low-mass stars is rapidly gaining attention because they represent the best opportunity to characterize habitable planets in the near future. understanding the atmospheres of these planets and determining the optimal strategy for characterizing them through transm... | vizier online data catalog: tic star exposure times for jwst, luvoir and ost (suissa+, 2020) |
plato (planetary transits and oscillations of stars) is a european space agency medium class mission, whose launch is foreseen for 2026. its primary goal is to discover and characterise terrestrial exoplanets orbiting the habitable zone of their host stars. this goal will be reached with a set of 26 wide field-of-view ... | plato em first cryogenic vacuum test campaign psf results |
exoplanets around low mass stars are the focus of the search for habitable exoplanets. previous general circulation models (gcm) studied the locations of the ihz around stars with effective temperature from 3300 to 4500k (yang et al. 2014, kopparapu et al. 2016). however, water vapor mixing ratios at 3 hpa pressure lev... | climate and water contents on rocky planets near the inner boundary of habitable zones (ihz) around low mass star |
one of the main goals of exoplanet science is to characterize the atmosphere of rocky exoplanets in the habitable zone of nearby stars. a space-based nulling interferometry, observing in the mid-infrared (3-20 μm), is considered to be one of the most promising solutions to tackle this observing challenge. the life proj... | feasibility study of an interferometric small-sat to study exoplanets |
it is recently proposed that early stellar luminosity evolution of m dwarfs leads to severe water loss and the buildup of massive o2 atmospheres on rocky exoplanets in the habitable zone of these stars if interactions of such o2 atmospheres with planetary surfaces are inefficient. here we show that the existence of a m... | history of water loss and atmospheric o2 buildup on rocky exoplanets near m dwarfs |
most exoplanets lying in the habitable zones around stars are in fact inhospitable to plant life as we know it, according to a new study. | 'goldilocks zone' may not be a good metric for life |
in this thesis i use global plasma simulations to explore the star-planet interaction for mars and mars-like exoplanets, with an emphasis on the relationship to ion escape.i compare the results of five global martian plasma models run with identical input conditions to each other and corresponding maven data, in order ... | planetary plasma modeling and ion escape |
venus has long been of interest to humanity given its prominence in the night sky. with the development of the telescope and later multi-wavelength instrumentation and in-situ/orbiting spacecraft we have a detailed record of venusian observations stretching back hundreds of years. this record of observations is only se... | searching for synergies between venus and exoplanetary worlds |
through the success of missions like nasa's transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) mission, the number of planetary systems outside of our own solar system has significantly increased. studying the dynamics of multi-planet systems may give insight into the origin and dynamics of our solar system. for example, sub... | identification of keystone tess multiplanets systems |
radial velocity precision at and below the 1 m/s level is necessary for the detection of earth-mass exoplanets within the habitable zones of m-dwarfs. laser frequency combs provide a dense and absolute array of frequencies ideal for the in-situ calibration of high-resolution astronomical spectrographs. however, the cha... | a 30 ghz laser frequency comb for high-precision radial velocity calibration and exoplanet searches |
exoplanets are revolutionizing planetary science by enabling statistical studies of a large number of planets. empirical measurements of planet occurrence rates inform our understanding of the ubiquity and efficiency of planet formation, while the identification of sub-populations and trends in the distribution of obse... | current best estimates of planet populations |
this research project focuses on mathematical and scientific analysis of exoplanet data to determine their physical characteristics and potential habitability through comparison and contrast with earth. the researchers made use of the data compiled by the kepler space telescope to study the characteristics of k2-3 d, s... | exploring the characteristics of exoplanet k2-3 d with the high earth similarity index |
the determination of extrasolar planet masses with the radial velocity (rv) technique requires spectroscopic doppler information from the planet's host star, which varies with stellar brightness and temperature. we analyze the doppler information in spectra from dwarfs of spectral types f-m utilizing empirical informat... | vizier online data catalog: rv photon limits of well-characterized f-m stars (reiners+, 2020) |
the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) will discover thousands of exoplanets in orbit around the brightest stars in the sky. in its two-year prime survey mission, tess will monitor more than 200,000 bright stars in the solar neighborhood for temporary drops in brightness caused by planetary transits. this fir... | the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess): discovering exoplanets in the solar neighborhood |
the distinctive nature of tidal-locking exoplanets is the very uneven heating by stellar radiation between the dayside and nightside. thus, the permanent nightside can be extremely cold. it had been worried about that atmosphere and water could be condensed on the nightside of habitable exoplanets around m dwarfs. prev... | exo-oceanography, climate, and habitability of tidal-locking exoplanets in the habitable zone of m dwarfs |
it may be possible to detect biosignatures of photosynthesis in an exoplanet's atmosphere. however, such a detection would likely require a dedicated study, occupying a large amount of telescope time. it is therefore prudent, while searching for signs of life that we may recognise, to pick the best target possible. we ... | a new definition of exoplanet habitability: introducing the photosynthetic habitable zone |
ozone has a strong absorption band at 9.6 μm. detection of this absorption band in the transmission spectra of transiting terrestrial exoplanets can provide us with the evidence of the existence of oxygen and thus the biosignature of extrasolar photosynthetic life. in this study, we use a 3d climate-chemistry model to ... | the ozone layer over tidally-locked terrestrial exoplanets and biosignature detection |
the transiting exoplanets survey satellite (tess) habitable zone star catalog initially derived a list of stars where tess was expected to be able to detect transiting planets with earth-analog irradiation based on expected observation times. however, tess only observed a fraction of the stars long enough to be able to... | vizier online data catalog: the revised tess habitable zone catalog (kaltenegger+, 2021) |
impact craters, volcanic constructs and compressional and extensional fracture zones are typical landforms found on terrestrial planets. features characteristic of plate-tectonics like on earth are generally lacking. an exception are the surfaces of ganymede and perhaps europa where indications of lateral displacements... | numerical models in planetary geology - specifics of one-plate planets |
the main goal of this contribution is to study the habitable zone (ha) of binary systems. therefore, as explained by barbosa1, we will initially use the habitable zone in multiple star systems website | possible habitable planets in habitability zone of binary star systems |
alpha centauri (acen a&b) is not only the closest star system to us at 4.36 ly away, but also both stars are similar to the sun with spectral types g2 and k1 respectively. among the exoplanet detection techniques, direct imaging and astrometry detection limits, to first order, are inversely proportional to the star... | review of space missions concepts to detect earth-like planets around alpha centauri |
a major goal of exoplanet studies is to identify terrestrial exoplanets with similar (or otherwise distinct) bulk and interior properties to our earth. recent results have highlighted the urgent need to include devolatilization to reduce exoplanetary interior modelling degeneracies and to thereby achieve more accurate ... | from accurate stellar abundances to exoplanet structures and compositions |
to date, there are only a handful of advanced modeling studies for atmospheric mass-loss, and only a simple estimation is available for describing the transition between two end-member mechanisms of thermal escape, which play an important role in shaping atmospheres of planets in or near the habitable zone. therefore, ... | modeling the boundary between hydrodynamic and non-hydrodynamic escape |
mars is the only currently accessible geologic record that can provide an independent test of earth-derived models of planetary habitability. mars is the only planet whose surface is known to have become uninhabitable. we are studying this environmental disaster as a benchmark for rocky exoplanets. the most important c... | mars3 ga had river-forming climates at low average pco2, raising the likelihood of false negatives in the search for habitable exoplanets |
the focus on m dwarfs as planet hosts has led to a number of high-precision spectroscopic surveys monitoring m dwarfs to detect the doppler radial-velocity signature of planets, including with the near-infrared habitable zone planet finder (hpf) instrument. in this work, we study the variability of the k i 12435.67å li... | rotationally modulated zeeman spectral signatures in two slowly rotating m dwarfs |
the imminent arrival of the extremely large telescopes (elts) will finally deliver the observational power capable of assessing the habitability of nearby rocky exoplanets. the elt presents us with the exciting opportunity of being able to spatially resolve the terrestrial exoplanet proxima b, which lies in the habitab... | detecting biosignatures of nearby rocky exoplanets: simulations of high spectral resolution observations with the elts |
exoplanets orbiting in the habitable zone (hz) of m dwarfs can lose significant amounts of water during the stellar pre-main sequence, a major obstacle to habitability (luger & barnes, 2015). trappist-1, a late m dwarf located 12 pc away, harbors 7 transiting terrestrial exoplanets that span the hz, offering an unp... | constraining the water loss histories of the trappist-1 exoplanets: comparative habitability using the exoplanet habitability index |
to further our understanding of how forming stars and planetary atmospheres can survive large inputs of radiative and kinetic energy, i have undertaken observational studies of the orion bn/kl outflow and a sample of nearby m dwarfs with exoplanets. the orion bn/kl explosive outflow is a spectacular, wide-angle ensembl... | star formation and planets in harsh environments |
in the near-future, new space telescopes like jwst, luvoir, and habex will begin attempting to explore the properties of atmospheres of potentially habitable planets. this will require a significant amount of time and resources for even a single planet, which makes it essential to prioritize observations by those most-... | continuous habitable zones: pairing a gcm and bayesian framework to predict habitable zone evolution |
observations from the kepler and k2 missions have provided the astronomical community with unprecedented amounts of data to search for transiting exoplanets and other astrophysical phenomena. here, we present k2-288, a low-mass binary system (m2.0±1.0; m3.0±1.0) hosting a small (rp = 1.9 rearth), temperate (teq = 226 k... | k2-288bb: a small temperate planet in a low-mass binary system discovered by citizen scientists |
to search for life in the galaxy, nasa's exoplanet exploration program (exep) guides the development of technology that enables or enhances the direct imaging and spectral characterization of earth-like exoplanets in the habitable zone of sun-like stars with future space observatories. among the technologies needing ad... | direct imaging of exo-earths: technology investments by the nasa exoplanet exploration program |
many future missions are planned to monitor, discover, and characterize extrasolar planets orbiting the habitable zones of nearby stars. thus there is a need to understand the habitability limits and observability of these planets using atmospheric and climate models of various heritages. prior work using 3d general ci... | coupled 3d chemistry-climate simulations of moist greenhouse terrestrial planets: water-loss and spectroscopic observability |
gj 667cc is a nearby (23.6 lt-yr) super-earth that orbits within the habitable zone (hz) of its ~m2v host star and has earth-like properties: (m- $\sin (i)\sim 4.1\,{m}_{\oplus };$ r ~ 1.7 r ⊕; t eq (a = 0.3) ~ 277 k). the age of the star/planet is poorly constrained at 2 ≳ gyr. age is crucial in evaluating the potenti... | super-earth gj 667cc: age and xuv irradiances of the temperate-zone planet with potential for advanced life |
oxygen-rich atmospheres cannot arise without hydrogen escape. free oxygen is necessary for advanced life. this presentation maps out the region of exoplanet parameter space inside the conventional habitable zone in which oxygen and advanced life will not be found. these predictions should be testable sometime in the ne... | limits to creation of oxygen-rich atmospheres on planets in the outer conventional habitable zone |
artificial mega-structures (ams) constructed by advanced civilizations can be imaged in the reflected light using an inversion technique called exoplanet surface imaging (epsi). ams can be of some "recognizable" shape and/or have a homogeneous albedo. examples of possible ams include low albedo photovoltaic systems for... | imaging of technosignatures on exoplanets |
the advent of the next-generation space-based telescopes jwst and luvoir/habex/ost and the recent detections of nearby stellar systems with terrestrial planets in or near the habitable zone (e.g., trappist-1, proxima centauri, gj 1132, lhs 1140) motivate detailed study of the observability of atmospheric signatures of ... | the effects of clouds on observable properties of terrestrial exoplanets: results from a large suite of gcms |
since the first discovery in 1995, data for over 5300 exoplanets have been documented in the nasa archive, revealing a vast diversity. identifying life-enabling analogs of the earth among this rapidly expanding catalog is of major interest. the stability of liquid water at the planetary surface defining the concept of ... | screening earth analog exoplanets on the basis of a predicted nitrogen over phosphorus ratio |
in this study, we perform a parametric analysis of how planetary obliquity (or axial tilt) affects the atmospheric escape rates from magnetized exoplanets. we focus on two distinct examples owing to their astrobiological relevance: an earth-like planet around a sun-like star and an earth-like planet around a late m-dwa... | roles of (exo)planetary obliquity on atmospheric escape |
the catalog of stellar evolution tracks discussed in previous work is meant to characterize exoplanet host-stars for follow-up observations with missions like jwst. however, the utility of the catalog has been predicated on the assumption that we would precisely know the age of a specific host-star; in reality, it is u... | a flexible bayesian framework for assessing habitability with joint observational and model constraints |
the james webb space telescope (jwst) is predicted to make pioneering observations of terrestrial exoplanet atmospheres, such as the system of seven earth-sized planets transiting trappist-1, which will include transmission spectroscopy of potentially habitable worlds. uncovering whether or not exoplanets in the habita... | trappist-1 and beyond: strategies for characterizing terrestrial exoplanets and their habitability |
this table lists the orbital parameters of 230 companions detected in our work. the systems are sorted by the host names listed in the first column, while the companions in each system are sorted by their orbital periods. for companions with orbital periods of less than 1000-days, the inclination is not given and the m... | vizier online data catalog: 3-d selection of 167 sub-stellar companions (feng+, 2022) |
thousands of exoplanets have been uncovered by observations made by the kepler space telescope, where a subset of these worlds is shown to have additional, more distant stellar companions. only recently has the habitable zone, region where liquid water could exist on a rocky planetary surface, been modified to include ... | obliquity variations and habitability in alpha centauri ab |
the discovery of exoplanets has altered our understanding of the universe. but, for the planets to show the possibility to harbour life in it or have biosignatures, it must have optimum physical, biological, geological and chemical conditions. there are two types of indicators of habitability: direct and indirect. the ... | identifying exoplanets' potentiality for life in habitable zones: giving new dimension to cosmological studies |
we establish a theoretical framework for the direct detectability of exoplanets in the mid-infrared based on currently available models. the spectra of temperate (t~300k) exoplanets peak in the mid-infrared, resulting in the maximized contrast to their host star. compared to previous observations in the near-infrared, ... | the direct mid-infrared detectability of habitable-zone planets |
rocky exoplanets are indicated to be common in the galaxy. future instruments including the james webb space telescope, high resolution ground-based spectrographs, and direct imaging missions are poised to unlock the nature of planets orbiting the circumstellar habitable zones of nearby stars. however, interpretation o... | chemistry-climate dynamics of warm rapidly and slowly-rotating exoplanets |
water is critical to life as we know it on earth. so naturally, finding evidence of liquid water on a planet in its stars habitable zone is extremely relevant to searches for extraterrestrial life. thus far, weve only discovered water vapor in the atmospheres of massive, short-period gas giants but new observations of ... | today's forecast for k2-18b: cloudy with a chance of rain? |
habitable zone planet finder (hpf) is a high-resolution (r~55000) nir spectrograph on the 10m hobby-eberly telescope (het), covering the doppler-information-rich z, y, and j bands from 810 to 1280nm. hpf has an nir laser-frequency comb (lfc) calibrator, which has been shown to enable ~20cm/s calibration precision in 10... | vizier online data catalog: radial velocity follow up of barnard's star with hpf (lubin+, 2021) |
one of the fundamental properties of a-type and f-type stars is that they rotate rapidly throughout their lifetimes. unlike g/k/m dwarfs, these stars do not slow their spin rates over time, but rather maintain their high primordial rotation rates over the course of their main sequence lifetimes. rapid stellar rotation ... | the habitable zones of rapidly rotating main sequence a/f stars |
to date, we have discovered roughly 5000 exoplanets, 14 of which orbit around two stars. both single-star and binary-star systems can have planets in their habitable zones: the planets simply need to be at the correct distance from the star(s) to have a temperate climate. however, there is a distinct difference between... | limits on circumbinary planet habitable zones |
<strong>the habitability of the exoplanet has a strong dependence on the stellar activity of the host star. m-dwarf stars constitute a large fraction of the stellar population, therefore they are of primary interest in searching potentially habitable exoplanets. it is easier to detect planets around low-mass star... | investigating the impact of space weather on the habitability of exoplanet around m-dwarf star as a case study using tess observations |
i present an analysis of starspot modulation and flares in the tess light curves of 112 m dwarfs with a tess magnitude <=11.5 that are listed in the tess habitable zone star catalog (hzcat, kaltenegger et al. 2019). understanding the magnetic activity of these potential exoplanet host stars is crucial for planet cha... | rotation and flares of m dwarfs with habitable zones accessible to tess |
the search for life in the universe has primarily been limited to the surface of terrestrial bodies and the oceans of icy worlds. however, in the age of the james webb space telescope and the astro2020 decadal survey recommendations, where exoplanets are increasingly becoming an important area of research, it is necess... | liquid water stability zones on super-mars exoplanets: implications for subsurface astrobiology |
the question of what causes global glaciations to occur on earth-like planets is of great importance to habitability and climate evolution. earth itself has a complex climate history consisting of long stretches of apparently clement conditions in the archean, a stable proterozoic climate punctuated by major intervals ... | stochastic modeling of co2 fluctuations and snowball transitions on earth and other planets |
a planets climate can be strongly affected by its orbital eccentricity due to variation in incident stellar flux. here we use a time-dependent one-layer energy balance model to resolve the temperature evolution on eccentric planets located near the inner edge of the habitable zone. we consider energy storage by the atm... | heat capacity and latent heat can stabilize climate of eccentric planets that pass inside the inner edge of the habitable zone |
the proximity of planets to the host star in habitable zones around m-dwarfs makes them highly susceptible to stellar activity. based on observations from kepler, gaia, and tess, it is now established that m-dwarfs emit flares at extremely high rates. the energy emitted in some of these flares could reach up to 10e38 e... | stellar flares and planetary habitability around m-dwarfs |
we present the occurrence rates for rocky planets in the habitable zones (hzs) of main-sequence dwarf stars based on the kepler dr25 planet candidate catalog and gaia-based stellar properties. we provide the first analysis in terms of star-dependent instellation flux, which allows us to track hz planets. we define {eta... | vizier online data catalog: 117 exoplanets in habitable zone with kepler dr25 (bryson+, 2021) |
many will say that other stars' sizes are about the same as the sun's. that is not quite true. the sun is known to be a yellow dwarf. however, the most common stars are red dwarfs, the smallest and coolest stars on the main sequence, a continuous band of stars that appears on plots of stellar color versus brightness. c... | exploration of exoplanets transiting red dwarfs within 50 ly of the sun |
trappist-1 has 7 earth-size exoplanets in close proximity that are in resonance. n-body simulations show that these planets can experience relatively large eccentricity and mean motion variations. most studies and discussions of these planets' climates assume these planets are always tidally locked, as are many other m... | day 'n' nite: habitability of tidally-locked planets with sporadic rotation |
at the end of the k2 mission, just before it ran out of fuel, campaign 19 was conducted but cut short which resulted in an extremely short set of observations. the small amount of data recorded makes discovering exoplanets within the campaign 19 dataset difficult. to our knowledge, no other teams have been able to find... | no planets left behind: single transit candidates from k2 campaign 19 |
we present the validation of two exoplanets orbiting m dwarfs identified by tess. both planets are mini-neptunes orbiting nearby m dwarfs, making them promising prospects for atmospheric characterization with the james webb space telescope (jwst). we validated the planetary nature of both using adaptive optics (ao) ima... | constraining the masses of two mini-neptunes orbiting m dwarfs using hpf |
the discovery and characterisation of new extra-solar planets (exoplanets) is ongoing, but to date only a handful of low-mass planets have been found orbiting in the habitable zone of sun-like stars. the next generation of major facilities (e.g. tess and plato) aimed at the systematic search for earth-like planets orbi... | teth: towards extra-terrestrial habitats |
spaceborne nulling interferometry in the mid-infrared waveband is one of the most promising techniques for characterizing the atmospheres of extra-solar planets orbiting in the habitable zone of their parent star and possibly discovering life markers. one of the most difficult challenges is the control of a free-flying... | space borne nulling interferometry with non-rotating telescope arrays |
one-dimensional (1d) modeling from a horizontally averaged perspective can oftentimes greatly simplify problems in atmospheric and oceanic sciences and thus capture leading-order physics. meanwhile, 1d numerical models have great advantages such as numerical stability and time efficiency, hence they are widely used to ... | tracer transport in three dimensions: dispersion of methane on mars, coupled chemistry and dynamics on exoplanets, and submesoscale mixing in the ocean |
exoplanets residing close to their stars can experience evolution of both their physical structures and their orbits due to the influence of their host stars. for planets in or near the habitable zone, the evolving star's x-ray and ultraviolet (xuv) luminosity can drive atmospheric mass loss. simultaneously, the orbita... | atmospheric mass loss and tidal evolution in xuv irradiated exoplanets: the trappist-1 case study |
i will present the results of 3-d global climate model (gcm) simulations of steam (water-dominated) atmospheres, performed with the 'generic pcm' (formerly known as the lmd generic gcm). these simulations are aimed at reproducing the conditions of primordial surface water condensation and thus of the formation of ocean... | primordial ocean condensation on rocky planets |
warm jupiters provide a unique opportunity to better understand the formation and evolution of planetary systems. their atmospheric properties remain largely unaltered by the impact of the host star, and their orbital arrangement reflects a different, and less extreme, migrational history compared to close-in objects. ... | from tess single transits to well-characterized warm jupiters |
in the search for potentially habitable planets, terrestrial planets orbiting in stable, nearly circular orbits in the habitable zone (hz) of a sun-like star is the gold standard from which we derive comparative scenarios. the search for habitable planets, however, has revealed a plethora of different types of planets ... | extraordinary outliers of the habitable zone catalog |
transiting exoplanets orbiting white dwarf stars, though rare, are incredibly valuable to probe the long evolution of planets, potential secondary planet formation, and as targets for atmospheric characterization. we present work to use the new 24-inch automated telescope at the van vleck observatory to search for such... | constructing a survey to find transits of polluted white dwarf stars using the new van vleck 24-inch telescope |
the abiogenesis zone is the zone in which a yield of 50% for the photochemical products is obtained, adopting the current uv activity as representative of the uv activity during the stellar lifetime and assuming a young earth atmosphere. although there are eight small exoplanets in this zone, none of them are very good... | the occurrence of planets in the abiogenesis zone (screen 7) |
nasa's kepler mission is the source of more exoplanets than any other instrument, but the discovery depends on complex statistical analysis procedures embedded in the kepler pipeline. a particular challenge is mitigating irregular stellar variability without loss of sensitivity to faint periodic planetary transits. thi... | kepler autoregressive planet search |
we propose to carry out a deep 50 ksec at teegarden's star with the chandra hrc-i. teegarden's star is a very close (d = 3.8pc) and a very late star of spectral type mv7, which is orbited by two earth-like planets in the habitable zone. the proposed hrc-i observation is deep enough to detect x-ray emission even for the... | x-ray emission from teegarden's star |
the esa plato mission will provide unprecedented data to study the diversity of planets orbiting up to the habitable zone of bright sun-like stars. plato will detect and characterise exoplanets using the transit method combined with ground-based radial velocity measurements, and study the host stars with asteroseismolo... | the plato mission: studying the diversity of exoplanets orbiting up to the habitable zone of sun-like stars |
we propose observations of 5 nearby (< 22 pc) stars: yz cet, eps eri, men, trappist-1, and hd 215152. together, they host a combined 20 earth-mass planets and 2 massive planets, with 6 planets located in the presumed habitable zones (hzs). the targets cover a stellar mass range from g to m-stars. while a star's bolo... | x-rays in the prime of life: measuring the high energy dose to middle aged exo-earths |
editors note:in these last two weeks of 2020, well be looking at a few selections that we havent yet discussed on aas nova from among the most-downloaded paperspublished in aas journals this year. the usual posting schedule will resume in january.the interior and atmosphere of the habitable-zone exoplanet k2-18bpublish... | selections from 2020: habitability of a super-earth |
our solar system is just one of billions in the milky way, situated about half way from the galaxy's core to its edge, and nestled safely between a pair of spiral arms. out of those billions of planets, ours is the only one that we know to support life. this begs two questions. first, is our location in the galaxy espe... | why are we here?: constraining the milky way's galactic habitable zone |
more planets are known to orbit m dwarf stars than any other type of star in our galaxy, in part because they are the most numerous stellar type. habitable planets are of particular interest around these stars. however, the much closer-in habitable zone for an m dwarf creates a harsh plasma and magnetic environment for... | mhd modeling atmospheric ion escape from a mars-like exoplanet orbiting trappist-1 |
i will discuss the short-comings in the current definition of the habitable zone as well as how to move forward, taking into account both the physical and chemical relationships between a star and its planet. | avoiding 'the boy who cried wolf' in exoplanet habitability |
i have investigated how stars of different mass and composition evolve, and how stellar evolution impacts the location of the habitable zone around a star. current research into habitability of exoplanets focuses mostly on the concept of a “classical” hz, the range of distances from a star over which liquid water could... | the diversity of chemical composition: the impact of stellar abundances on the evolution of stars and habitable zones |
atmospheric characterisation of temperate, rocky planets is the holy grail of exoplanet studies. these worlds are at the limits of our capabilities with current instrumentation in transmission spectroscopy and challenge our state-of-the-art statistical techniques. i will present the transmission spectrum of the tempera... | hubble wfc3 transmission spectroscopy of the habitable zone super-earth lhs 1140 b |
the astro2020 decadal survey recommended a "future large ir/o/uv telescope optimized for observing habitable exoplanets and general astrophysics" to be ready by end of the decade and that mission "to search for biosignatures from a robust number of about ~25 habitable zone [exo]planets." the search for multiple biosign... | sensitivity of exo-earth yield of a 6 m ir/o/uv telescope to bandwidth, snr, and spectral resolution |
whats the news coming from nasas newest planet hunter, the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess)? launched in april 2018, tess is expected to discover tens of thousands of exoplanets orbiting the nearest and brightest stars. now that observations are underway, what exciting discoveries have been made? read on fo... | update on the search for planets with tess |
direct imaging of exoplanets in the thermal infrared would add quantitative details on their temperatures, luminosities, albedos, and level of internal/additional heating, all of which factor into their potential habitability. the eso/breakthrough-sponsored new earths in the alpha centauri region (near) program recentl... | deep imaging of nearby habitable zones with visir-near and an upgraded lbt |
the kepler mission revolutionized our knowledge about distant worlds. nonetheless, our understanding of the architecture of most planetary systems remains incomplete. dynamite is a software package driven by the most robust trends observed in the kepler exoplanet population demographic data and answers the question: gi... | prediction and characterization of currently undetected planets in known planetary systems |
a haiku about this work: k dwarfs are awesome hst has been staring cool science in store! efforts to discover and characterize habitable zone planets have primarily focused on sun-like stars and m dwarfs. yet the intermediate k stars provide an appealing compromise between these two extremes that has been relatively un... | a spectroscopic analysis of the ultraviolet evolution of k stars |
the process of taking air (co2) and turning it into living matter (e.g. plants and algae) is the fundamental building block for life on earth. almost all (~99%) of this conversion is catalyzed by one enzyme, rubisco (berg, 2011). rubisco has been the chief architect of earth's atmosphere over 3 billion years, reducing ... | diversity of marine rubiscos harbor insights into the adaptability of biological co2 fixation. |
plato is an exoplanet hunting mission of the european space agency. it is a medium-class mission, with a launch foreseen in 2026. its prime objective is to uncover earth-sized planets residing in their habitable zone. the payload consists of 26 cameras with a very wide field of view. these cameras consist of a telescop... | hartmann data analysis for plato tou em |
most known exoplanets, including earth-like planets, are found to orbit m-dwarfs in their habitable zones. as the upper atmospheres of the exoplanets orbiting m-dwarfs are affected to more extreme environments than what solar system bodies experience, the observations of such exoplanets raise questions about processes ... | exosphere modeling of proxima b: a case study of photochemical escape with a venus-like atmosphere |
nirps is a near-infrared (yjh bands), fiber-fed, high-resolution precise radial velocity (prv) spectrograph installed at the eso 3.6-m telescope in la silla, chile. using a dichroic, nirps will be operated simultaneously with the optical harps prv spectrograph and will be used to conduct ambitious planet-search and cha... | nirps back-end: design and performance |
oxygen is a promising exoplanet biosignature due to the evolutionary advantage conferred from harnessing starlight for photosynthesis, and the low likelihood of producing and maintaining oxygen-rich atmospheres without life. several hypothetical scenarios have been proposed for non-biological oxygen accumulation on pla... | novel oxygen false positives on habitable zone planets |
current diagnostic velocity resolution limits our ability to search for exoplanets within the habitable zone. we propose a new capability (crossfading-edi or x-edi) that will boost optical spectrograph stability and spectral resolution, enabling 100x-1000x more sensitivity for the exoplanet search. this technique for i... | enabling 1000x more sensitive spectrographs for exoplanet search |
astrobites reports on the "continuous habitable zone" — an important criterion for selecting exoplanets for future atmospheric characterization. | which habitable zone planets are the best candidates for detecting life? |
classically, the "habitable zone" of a star has been defined based on the orbital radius at which water could remain liquid, and therefore usable by life (as we know it to exist on earth) (huang, 1959). however, with the upcoming launch of the james webb space telescope, and potential future missions including luvoir a... | quantifying the habitability of rocky, earth-like exoplanets using three-dimensional general circulation models |
in this paper we will discuss exoplanets in the habitable zone of the milky way, the origin of terrestrial life, and what 'intelligent' humanity is doing, in order to complete the excursion on the bridge between the big bang and biology, started with the paper i (giovannelli & sabau-graziati, 2020). | frontier research in astrophysics in the gravitational wave era - ii (exoplanets and emergence of life) |
future space telescopes will provide us with the opportunity to characterize the atmospheres of terrestrial planets orbiting within the habitable zones of their stars. in the near future, the james webb space telescope (jwst) will allow us to spectrally characterize terrestrial planets orbiting m-stars. in the more dis... | theoretical study of habitable terrestrial planets and statistical tests to inform future observations |
potentially habitable, earth-like planets are most likely to be discovered orbiting m dwarfs. to constrain the evolution and current habitability of these planets, we need to understand the magnetic activity of their parent stars today and in the past. the origins and evolution of magnetism in m dwarfs remain murky, ho... | old, quiet, and slow? a study of field m dwarf activity and rotation in the tess southern continuous viewing zone. |
the kepler mission has shown that earthlike planets orbiting within the habitable zones of their host stars are common. we derive an expression for the abundance of life bearing (biotic) extra-solar-system planets (exoplanets) in terms of the (yet unknown) probability for the evolution of biotic life. this "biotic prob... | the abundance of biotic exoplanets and life on planets of red dwarf stars |
the search for habitable exoplanets and life beyond the solar system is one of the most compelling scientific opportunities of our time. nevertheless, the high cost of building facilities that can address this topic and the keen public interest in the results of such research requires rigorous development of experiment... | a statistical comparative planetology approach to the hunt for habitable exoplanets and life beyond the solar syste |
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