task36_organism_substance_extraction_anem_dataset.json

{
    "Contributors": [
        "Ishani Mondal"
    ],
    "Source": [
        "ANEM"
    ],
    "URL": [
        "https://github.com/juand-r/entity-recognition-datasets/tree/master/data/AnEM"
    ],
    "Categories": [
        "Named Entity Recognition"
    ],
    "Reasoning": [],
    "Definition": [
        "In this task, you are given a sentence. You are expected to write the name of the organism substances in the body mentioned in the input. Although there might be several correct answers, you need to write one of them."
    ],
    "Input_language": [
        "English"
    ],
    "Output_language": [
        "English"
    ],
    "Instruction_language": [
        "English"
    ],
    "Domains": [
        "Medical Knowledge"
    ],
    "Positive Examples": [
        {
            "input": "Antisperm antibodies were assessed in the serum samples of 73 men unable to ejaculate naturally and on the sperm cells of 13 of these men.",
            "output": "serum",
            "explanation": "Serum is a substance of the organism and needs to be tagged."
        },
        {
            "input": "This also applies , although to a much lesser degree , to conventional blood culture analysis.",
            "output": "blood",
            "explanation": "Since blood is a body fluid that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells is an organism substance, hence it needs to be tagged correctly"
        }
    ],
    "Negative Examples": [
        {
            "input": "This also applies , although to a much lesser degree , to conventional blood culture analysis ",
            "output": "conventional blood culture analysis",
            "explanation": "Blood culture analysis is nowhere related to organism substance and hence the entire mention should not be tagged."
        },
        {
            "input": "Plasma carries water, salts and enzymes",
            "output": "salts",
            "explanation": "salt is not part of any organism, hence it should not be tagged."
        }
    ],
    "Instances": [
        {
            "id": "task1487-bff7080127a849b1bba03c4c7cc2cc4d",
            "input": " Measurement of serum glycosylated proteins and glycosylated low density lipoprotein fraction in diabetes mellitus .",
            "output": [
                "serum"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-5620985687d04aa78e051d2d1f5e9c56",
            "input": " A simple method was developed for estimating serum glycosylated protein levels using gel filtration with Bio - Gel P6 by determining the protein and sugar content in the void volume fraction .",
            "output": [
                "serum"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-d5edb77f568843b58f1c667930194ad2",
            "input": " The glycosylation level of heparin - citrate precipitable fraction of serum which predominantly contained low density lipoprotein ( G - LDL ) also correlated well with GSP and LDL - cholesterol levels .",
            "output": [
                "serum"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-73de40a596db4140ae76480cfcf9d0f1",
            "input": " Our data suggest that yolk - DNA arises by the adventitious uptake of DNA present in the maternal serum by vitellogenic oocytes .",
            "output": [
                "serum"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-fd67d91a666d4b9dae68baef25066fc9",
            "input": " This study aimed at correlating cardiac findings ( valvular and myocardial calcification , myocardial hypertrophy ) with clinical data ( age , sex , clinical manifestation , nephrolithiasis , nephrocalcinosis , hypertension , skeletal abnormalities , hypercalcemic syndrome ) and biochemical data ( serum calcium , serum phosphate , serum iPTH level , serum creatinine ) .",
            "output": [
                "serum"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-fe2cb19fb6f14148936efcf8b2f45a01",
            "input": " Among adolescent boys in Chapaevsk , Russia , higher serum levels of sum of dioxin - like compounds and sum of dioxin TEQs were positively associated with increased age , consumption of fish , local meats other than chicken , and inversely with weeks of gestation .",
            "output": [
                "serum"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-1535966ebd4e4d5785d794d834f59588",
            "input": " As expected , serum PCBs , specifically PCB 118 , were strongly associated with both sum of dioxin - like compounds and sum of dioxin TEQs .",
            "output": [
                "serum"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-fe9f2608ab3a44d2853e6862c08fa7f5",
            "input": " There was no association between the distance of the residence from the Khimprom plant during the pregnancy and subsequent serum dioxin levels .",
            "output": [
                "serum"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-b69bd7e2acb842c49d8eeda8e8a2f999",
            "input": " In our future studies in this population , we will collect larger volumes of serum for dioxin analysis .",
            "output": [
                "serum"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-71388a63ca4f41e2b9ac7ebc996c3cac",
            "input": " In one of the few studies on dioxin - like compounds in which children were included , Eskenazi and coworkers [ 36 ] evaluated the relationship between serum TCDD concentrations and age at exposure of female residents of Seveso , Italy .",
            "output": [
                "serum"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-155f35094bd7418c9d1d06234a006557",
            "input": " Archived serum collected near the time of the accident was used to measure exposures .",
            "output": [
                "serum"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-7cf773e4410b4f30ba234b356ddc889a",
            "input": " Residential proximity to the plant and younger age ( up to 13 years old ) were the strongest predictors of an individual ' s serum 2 , 3 , 7 , 8 - TCDD level .",
            "output": [
                "serum"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-e800228710cb4108af59e18901157707",
            "input": " In our study , although distance from the Khimprom plants was a weak predictor of serum dioxin - like compounds , consumption of local foods ( specifically meat and fish ) , as in the Seveso study , was a strong predictor of sum of dioxin - like compounds and dioxin TEQs .",
            "output": [
                "serum"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-7798119408214641be8972baf7db6a2f",
            "input": " Allergen and particle dose - response experiments in BALB / cA and NIH mice Levels of serum OVA - specific IgE ( A , D ) , IgG1 ( B , E ) and IgG2a ( C , F ) on day 26 after injection into one hind footpad of 100 ( open columns ) , 50 ( gray ) or 10 ( black ) mug OVA combined with 100 , 40 , 10 or 0 mug PSP , or buffer ( HBSS ( hatched ) ) , in BALB / cA ( A , B , C ) and NIH ( D , E , F ) mice .",
            "output": [
                "serum"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-f9d5a88402f448b697ad27194f656f39",
            "input": " The adjuvant effect of PSP on OVA - specific IgE and IgG2a responses in different strains of mice Levels of serum OVA - specific IgE ( A ) and IgG2a ( B ) on day 26 after injection into one hind footpad of HBSS ( open columns ) , 10 mug OVA ( gray ) , 40 mug PSP ( hatched ) or 10 mug OVA + 40 mug PSP ( black ) in different mouse strains .",
            "output": [
                "serum"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-56e33e5441644faf81816e4202a65067",
            "input": " In a 1 . 5 ml microcentrifuge tube , plasmid ( 1 microg / microl ) and siRNA were mixed with growth medium without fetal calf serum ( FCS ) , 0 . 5 microl 1 . 5 M sucrose and 3 microl X - tremeGENE per microgram nucleic acid to a final volume of 22 . 5 microl .",
            "output": [
                "serum"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-decd484d6c264862b21c10ee79228e6e",
            "input": " Ac - DEVD - AMC = N - acetyl - Asp - Glu - Val - Asp - 7 - amino - 4 - methylcoumarin ; Ac - DEVD - CHO = N - acetyl - Asp - Glu - Val - Asp - aldehyde ; COX = cyclooxygenase ; Deltapsim = mitochondrial membrane potential ; DAPI = 4 ' , 6 - diamidino - 2 - phenylindole ; DMEM = Dulbecco ' s modified Eagle ' s medium ; ELISA = enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay ; FCS = fetal calf serum ; FLS = fibroblast - like synoviocytes ; IL = interleukin ; JC - 1 = 5 , 5 ' , 6 , 6 ' - tetrachloro - 1 , 1 ' , 3 , 3 ' - tetraethylbenzimidazole carbocyanide iodide ; MTT = 3 - ( 4 , 5 - dimethylthiazol - 2 - yl ) - 2 , 5 - diphenyltetrazolium bromide ; PBS = phosphate - buffered saline ; PGE2 = prostaglandin E2 ; RA = rheumatoid arthritis .",
            "output": [
                "serum"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-7a202bac536941f7988e6f7460793cc1",
            "input": " At 48 h post - transfection , cell lysates were prepared using 100 mul per well of lysis buffer ( 1 % Triton X - 100 , 1 mm dithiothreitol , 92 . 8 mm K2HPO4 , pH 7 . 8 , 9 . 2 mm KH2PO4 , pH 7 . 8 ) and centrifuged for 5 min at 4 degreesC .",
            "output": [
                "cell lysates"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-db8ae4f7d66949f68a3c1054b9aa262a",
            "input": " Blood chemistry , clinical presentation , radiography , and echocardiography were carried out in all patients for univariate and multivariate analyses of all parameters .",
            "output": [
                "Blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-efb6fa45e5994bac920a36390bcb7a49",
            "input": " Abciximab ( 0 . 03 - 3 micro g / ml ) , tirofiban ( 0 . 3 - 30 nmol / l ) or eptifibatide ( 0 . 01 - 1 micro g / ml ) were incubated for 15 min with the samples prior to stimulation .",
            "output": [
                "samples"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-565e6df9574f4822a8299bb79837e5b4",
            "input": " Four weeks after the last calf stopped shedding , all calves were necropsied and samples from the gastrointestinal tract were taken for the detection of the nalidixic - acid resistant E . coli O157 .",
            "output": [
                "samples"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-984fe567fd3749f5bcd2e661fc54c026",
            "input": " None of the samples collected at necropsy were positive for E . coli O157 .",
            "output": [
                "samples"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-7777998684194de38dc79996bbe71a06",
            "input": " Neural network analysis of spectroscopic data of lycopene and beta - carotene content in food samples compared to HPLC - UV - vis .",
            "output": [
                "samples"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-41dace720a064fc5b86b730780203f2b",
            "input": " In this study a neural network ( NN ) model was designed to predict lycopene and beta - carotene concentrations in food samples , combined with a simple and fast technique , such as UV - vis spectroscopy .",
            "output": [
                "samples"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-fe7d927eb6be4582b3a54da121198e8a",
            "input": " It was concluded that when the MLP - NN is used within the range studied , the optimized NN is able to estimate the beta - carotene and lycopene concentrations in food samples with an adequate accuracy , solving the UV - vis interference of beta - carotene and lycopene .",
            "output": [
                "samples"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-1a1f79490b3142098d5254f1408b14b7",
            "input": " Iliac crest biopsy samples were taken and bone histomorphometry carried out .",
            "output": [
                "samples"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-26a62e1296774daa94f1a919e55b6603",
            "input": " For example , they were higher than mean TEQs of 18 . 4 pg TEQ / g lipid in adults ( 40 . 6 years old average ) from South Germany [ 27 ] or 16 . 4 pg TEQ / g lipid from 20 year old Japanese women [ 28 ] or pooled samples from randomly selected males and females 18 - 69 years of age from the Spanish city of Mataro [ 29 ] , which were 12 . 5 and 14 . 7 pg TEQ / g lipid respectively .",
            "output": [
                "samples"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-0e709ea80030432f871cf85ad8fcbdce",
            "input": " Values for individual samples ( circles ) and group median values ( columns ) are shown .",
            "output": [
                "samples"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-142ac42ed4ce40778352ef17b42c431e",
            "input": " We plan to systematically investigate the effects of thawing and refreezing on RNA integrity , by deliberately thawing and freezing small samples of brain tissue over varying time intervals and temperatures .",
            "output": [
                "samples"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-fc40dbe0098b4edbb1f80288342ffd1d",
            "input": " The use of these biological samples was approved by local ethical committee .",
            "output": [
                "samples"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-b879ccaf50154b93ac57dd035512a14b",
            "input": " ( B ) Real - time PCR was performed on total RNA samples from the human brain regions known to express MOR1 .",
            "output": [
                "samples"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-abb99cc1dc9d4f15b55d061c9ba5eb28",
            "input": " No . of samples assayed 18 22 22 70",
            "output": [
                "samples"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-df5129de3b9e46e99d47c490dc6384d6",
            "input": " Relative phage haplotype frequencies in PAO1 samples , ( A ) planktonic , ( B ) biofilm 4 days , ( C ) biofilm 11 days .",
            "output": [
                "samples"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-486427c429e74bc2ae7f349b9bbb2f7a",
            "input": " Plasma from 182 patients with different malignant diseases was tested for riboflavin binding by immunoglobulins , which have been recently identified as major carriers of this micronutrient .",
            "output": [
                "Plasma"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-1898573cace945208ba6124e26281e52",
            "input": " Plasma gelsolin can be considered an amateur chaperone , as it binds Abeta and not only inhibits its Abeta fibrillization but is also capable of degrading preformed Abeta fibrils [ 149 , 150 ] .",
            "output": [
                "Plasma"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-033c3b52c0c240e3a13987a0170677e4",
            "input": " In particular , Candida species are the 4th most common cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections in the United States , and Cryptococcus neoformans , the commonest cause of fungal meningitis worldwide [ 1 ] , [ 2 ] .",
            "output": [
                "bloodstream"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-8bebee16d073415a80d4565ddf6f18bb",
            "input": " This reaction requires a desalting step which often represents a major obstacle , especially if the sample consists of limited amounts of a hydrophobic membrane protein .",
            "output": [
                "sample"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-13f279d68ae342059f2a8c4148ee9fef",
            "input": " Precautions against NH2 - terminal blocking during sample preparations are provided .",
            "output": [
                "sample"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-82c1b79c6b1e431d8e4f092b55f21413",
            "input": " Although the time to hospital discharge did not differ in the full sample ( 9 . 2 d for both groups ) , it was greater among those receiving cefazolin ( 8 . 6 vs . 8 . 0 d ; p < 0 . 05 ) when patients with lengths of stay exceeding 24 days were excluded from both groups .",
            "output": [
                "sample"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-b14ce767e8b34750974b29bd264835a6",
            "input": " Data were collected by means of a questionnaire from a convenience sample of 509 predominantly well - educated , high - income , married women in the northeastern United States during the last trimester of pregnancy .",
            "output": [
                "sample"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-305ef8730eb440e180fdf41091c25771",
            "input": " Although TCDD was largely below the detection limits in this small pilot sample , the two boys with detectable values had high TCDD levels ( 17 . 9 and 21 . 7 pg / g lipid ) , suggesting that exposure for at least some portion of this population is substantially higher than typical of this age group .",
            "output": [
                "sample"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-6869f28429cb4ddebc82e4e86c58a107",
            "input": " The placenta biopsy sample was collected at a depth of 1 cm and at a distance of 8 cm from the edge of the placenta , with the maternal side facing upward .",
            "output": [
                "sample"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-423368bf97b44caba145bcd17a367013",
            "input": " Our systematic sample of the inpatient TB population - - in which interviewers visited every hospital room to identify patients willing to participate - - yielded a participation rate of approximately 80 % ( a total of 240 patients ) .",
            "output": [
                "sample"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-e2490b8d11304c1f883b04aca6ffb911",
            "input": " If the microbial strain was only detected once for a sample , we then checked the second culture results in the suspected infectious sites .",
            "output": [
                "sample"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-77f4757bd0dc41ec8c1705c7ed58ee44",
            "input": " If a sample ' s results met any of these three criteria , then the sample was evaluated as a pathogen .",
            "output": [
                "sample"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-6ee221e422824ba6998e8d745d7a2977",
            "input": " Subjects were excluded from analysis if they withdrew consent or if there was inadequate sample left for PCR testing .",
            "output": [
                "sample"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-2e5da69dd5cb429ba5735cdee99eb5b7",
            "input": " Sputum 0 1 1 0",
            "output": [
                "Sputum"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-28354b0d9d2e4dd68a4ac38ed2d261fc",
            "input": " Elevated levels of these immunoglobulins may contribute to the lower urinary levels and clearance of riboflavin in cancer .",
            "output": [
                "urinary"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-45ee82c0366d4c55a0de87b50d849dd6",
            "input": " Colorimetrical rate assay for urinary dipeptidyl peptidase IV ( DPPIV ) activity using a new substrate .",
            "output": [
                "urinary"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-075c6da44dbe4e19a9be231bd44d985b",
            "input": " We also established the rate assay for urinary DPPIV activity using Gly - Pro - DBAP .",
            "output": [
                "urinary"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-d837d1ef89014132a70c601d1031056a",
            "input": " The present method did not interfere with urinary ingredients such as hemoglobin .",
            "output": [
                "urinary"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-ff71feb9e02e42f58573297466387dea",
            "input": " Perhaps the increasing use of hybrid methodologies to concentrate adducts followed by specific chemical analyses will allow such adducts to be monitored more precisely .",
            "output": [
                "concentrate"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-2202f179f27447b382aea547a98100ff",
            "input": " Short term prophylaxis : three options are available : attenuated androgens , tranexamic acid or C1Inh concentrate .",
            "output": [
                "concentrate"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-6aa886d2ec36443faeda243f0173b9f8",
            "input": " Acute attack treatment : there is no specific problem for the use of C1inh concentrate , tranexamic acid , icatibant ; or ecallantide in female patients .",
            "output": [
                "concentrate"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-3604069947f644cdbb6a0e2222f6ce3a",
            "input": " Bacterial killing was normal in the two patients studied , and chemotaxis was diminished in response to zymosan - activated plasma and to high concentrations of chemotactic peptides in the patients studied .",
            "output": [
                "plasma"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-5b20e3f08ab146938e667253ee13cc82",
            "input": " A 4 - week administration of GG root powder ( 5 and 10 gm % in diet ) to hypercholesterolaemic rats resulted in significant reduction in plasma , hepatic total lipids , cholesterol , triglycerides and plasma low - density lipoprotein and VLDL - cholesterol accompanied by significant increases in HDL - cholesterol levels .",
            "output": [
                "plasma"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-6c76d82161a94064a05a0b92526d475c",
            "input": " The normo - cholesterolaemic animals when fed with GG root powder at 10 gm % level , registered a significant decline in plasma lipid profiles and an increase in HDL - cholesterol content .",
            "output": [
                "plasma"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-be63860f8f9d48f8917dd893f7e12a93",
            "input": " Immunoglobulins associated with elevated riboflavin binding by plasma from cancer patients .",
            "output": [
                "plasma"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-9b4ccfca771140c59343f9e67feae87c",
            "input": " A wide range of binding ( 5 . 9 to 130 pmole / ml plasma ) was observed , and significant elevations were found for patients having breast cancer ( 21 . 2 + / - 1 . 9 , P less than 0 . 05 ) and melanoma ( 25 . 7 + / - 1 . 9 , P less than 0 . 001 ) compared to controls ( 15 . 5 + / - 1 . 9 ) .",
            "output": [
                "plasma"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-c78b1524306f44d6bf6d1f341478106b",
            "input": " The proteins responsible for a majority of the higher binding were identified as immunoglobulins , based on their elution from gel filtration columns and the removal of 57 - 88 % of the non - albumin binding by treating of plasma with Protein A - agarose .",
            "output": [
                "plasma"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-650736fa04534d07838842b345c7db94",
            "input": " Lactotransferrin inhibits ADP - induced platelet aggregation at concentrations down to 5 nM , which can be reached in the plasma after leukocyte degranulation .",
            "output": [
                "plasma"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-fe8f22792fba44c296e5514d49d719c5",
            "input": " The actin - regulatory protein gelsolin is found both intracellularly and in plasma [ 147 , 148 ] .",
            "output": [
                "plasma"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-ec662644ae5f4b859b21ae1cf8537b0b",
            "input": " QTcF interval versus plasma linezolid concentrations .",
            "output": [
                "plasma"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-dceec6096a2a45348498d1346a5450dc",
            "input": " In the last several years Listerine has emerged as a bona fide therapeutic agent for reduction of plaque induced oral diseases .",
            "output": [
                "plaque"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-76d8cb14c5df4fabb7c88d29767a168d",
            "input": " Moreover , reports by both American and British professional societies have led to a re - evaluation of the relative risks associated with plaque induced bacteremia when twice - yearly visits to dental professionals are compared to daily activities .",
            "output": [
                "plaque"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-ccfa603bc1cb430f88202cc773ee6bcc",
            "input": " These new recommendations and revelations open the door for local antimicrobial approaches to reduce the challenge of plaque - induced bacteremias .",
            "output": [
                "plaque"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-ed26cad83ef34c0da239cd330a762d0a",
            "input": " Furthermore , when ACT is overexpressed in transgenic mice , an increased plaque load in the brains of these mice and impaired spatial learning is observed [ 134 , 135 ] .",
            "output": [
                "plaque"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-f5f5cc6c17854b1eb75133595188f08c",
            "input": " Cerebral blood flow ( CBF ) was measured with continuous arterial spin - labeling perfusion magnetic resonance ( MR ) imaging in 14 children with sickle cell disease and seven control subjects .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-162ab27f13554fe0bab8e27f746d5859",
            "input": " Portal venous blood draining into the liver from the intra - abdominal abscess had increased levels of TNF - alpha , IL - 1beta , and IL - 6 in both sterile and septic groups compared with a control normal animal group .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-8c8a674c5d24430c8cd26f9ba9b2eb0f",
            "input": " Increased levels of these cytokines were also found in suprahepatic inferior vena caval blood , but were correlated with the higher portal vein levels , suggesting a gradient from abscess wall to portal vein into the systemic circulation via the liver .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-63300502460f4041bfe9bca5eff12ece",
            "input": " Absence of correlations to TBSA % , FTB % , blood transfusion , opiates provided , and multiple organ failure score and laboratory infection variables together with the finding that decreased oxidative burst was uniform after the injury , suggesting that this immunosuppression is primarily due to the general metabolic response rather than recurring infections .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-141707b22d83434c95c6492deaf96c48",
            "input": " Effects of hypertension and sympathetic denervation on cerebral blood flow in newborn pigs .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-d124f708af4143ee93ed32be796c0e17",
            "input": " To investigate the potential role of sympathetic nerves in preventing pronounced increases in cerebral blood flow , we evaluated the effects of abrupt hypertension on the cerebral circulation of newborn pigs with intact cerebral sympathetic innervation and after cerebral sympathetic denervation .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-d1d43ea457bb41c9af0101b380b9496b",
            "input": " Abrupt hypertension increased blood flow to all brain regions .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-3e61c72d474342009652c1987723258f",
            "input": " Differences between pigs of the innervated and denervated groups were not apparent , with respect to blood flow to any other region ( caudate region , brain stem , cerebellum ) .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-3ca71fd19e8b4c82b3b31933d4527da2",
            "input": " In newborn pigs , sympathetic nerves may attenuate hypertension - induced increases in blood flow to the cerebrum , but do not appear to affect flow to the rest of the brain .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-b07ff031c60447cdbeb430b236d7c550",
            "input": " The glycosylated protein levels ( GSP ) correlated well with fasting blood sugar levels and glycosylated albumin level ( G - ALB ) determined by affinity chromatography with Blue Sepharose CL6B .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-0d0938de632e479e97fc0e9023cfc281",
            "input": " Chronic rubella viremia has been detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cell ( MNC ) populations in five of the six women up to six years after vaccination .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-183915c98b864d47a9aaae5f964ed91b",
            "input": " In addition rubella virus was isolated from breast milk MNCs in one individual at nine months postvaccination and from peripheral blood MNCs in two of four breast - fed infants studied at 12 - 18 months of age .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-bb810324da4c46839d95592ea0c93671",
            "input": " Lower peak blood ethanol concentrations after 1 and 2 g of ethanol per kg were found in pregnant rats than in virgin females .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-d5a2ee0b937f495aa82ff42d4eedb591",
            "input": " The second preparation consisted of human IL 1 partially purified from supernatants of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with S . albus .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-d39d7474088a43868fb73ad6d9378d4c",
            "input": " In contrast , the 3 cases of metastatic cancer of the GB had no blood flow signal in the wall of the GB .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-8a1e5c1a0dc541b09712a5b787307d55",
            "input": " For the 30 cases of benign lesions of the GB , only in 12 cases was a low velocity blood flow signal found .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-a5af97d927504f9287ce4991df7b17af",
            "input": " No blood flow signal was observed in the masses of 13 cases ( 3 of metastatic adenocarcinoma , 5 of adenoma , 5 of polypus ) .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-61f1b8de957340e99d19236f6639cf3e",
            "input": " The results were analyzed using statistical methods and a significant decrease in blood flow , Vmax , was found in all investigated arteries .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-afb8c6514b00494ebee0b321494a387f",
            "input": " Further evidence for the mediation of the relaxant response via the 5 - HT7 receptor is provided by the localization of messenger ribonucleic acid transcripts encoding the 5 - HT7 receptor in many blood vessels [ 67 ] .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-4decf73d12ed44e4a2ea2ac5bad2de52",
            "input": " Thus , when the same organism was detected by both DNA Detection Kit and blood culture analysis , the detected organism was considered an infectious pathogen .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-b97d0a2e77e84ace9b4955d163470a36",
            "input": " However , if the underlying disease is acute lymphoma leukemia ( ALL ) , malignant lymphoma ( ML ) , or acute myelogenous leukemia ( AML ) , the definition of infection is defined as the ability to detect infectious organisms by blood culture analysis .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-15fb7f8554d840b2b96626dc40e8d409",
            "input": " Therefore , when CoNS or Streptococcus spp . were detected by blood culture and SeptiFast analysis , the following criteria were applied to define whether these strains represented a pathogenic infection : ( 1 ) Tests were performed at least twice within 48 hours before and after CoNS were detected by blood culture or SeptiFast analysis ; ( 2 ) CoNS or Streptococcus spp . were detected in two different blood culture tests that were separately performed twice within 48 hours ; and , ( 3 ) CoNS or Streptococcus spp . were detected twice or more in tests that were performed three times [ 11 - 15 ] .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-1f9904eef106429ba89a8ee26c962cd5",
            "input": " Intra - operative monitoring of partial pressure of tissue oxygen ( PtiO2 ) is a very sensitive method of detecting the decrease of oxygen for cell utilization , due to decreased blood flow , during temporary clipping and after definitive clipping , in middle cerebral artery incidental unruptured aneurysm surgery .",
            "output": [
                "blood"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-0d06bff9ce064962894d85f77d2b616a",
            "input": " Seven day point - prevalence abstinence will be determined by combining self - reported tobacco use over the prior seven days and urine cotinine assays ( below 200 ng / ml versus 200 or above ) .",
            "output": [
                "urine"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-71c7ada1af964d25977a62fdf5f446a7",
            "input": " The injury to the airway can create binding sites for bacteria in the basement membrane of the bronchial tree and the stimulation of the secretion of mucus , which then stagnates and can create potential sites for bacterial adherence .",
            "output": [
                "mucus"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-5bafcae7e4c4413682da7c9f9c07eed0",
            "input": " Because the ciliary epithelium of the pars plicata is responsible for the secretion of aqueous humor , an obvious function for these two receptors would be an involvement in the control of aqueous production and , consequently , of the IOP level .",
            "output": [
                "humor"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task1487-81eed54e58d84552a5096247f6fbafa5",
            "input": " The agonism of 5 - HT1A receptors , negatively coupled to cAMP , reduces IOP by decreasing the production of aqueous humor , like beta - receptor antagonists which , diminishing the content of cAMP at the postjunctional site , lowers the aqueous humor secretion with a consequent decrease in IOP [ 98 ] .",
            "output": [
                "humor"
            ]
        }
    ],
    "Instance License": [
        "Unknown"
    ]
}