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Datasets:
GEM
/
gem

Tasks:
Fill-Mask
Summarization
Table to Text
Sub-tasks:
dialogue-modeling
rdf-to-text
news-articles-summarization
Languages:
Czech
German
English
Size:
100K<n<1M
ArXiv:
Tags:
intent-to-text
meaning-representation-to-text
concepts-to-text
License:
Dataset card Files Community
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---
annotations_creators:
- crowdsourced
- found
language_creators:
- crowdsourced
- found
- machine-generated
language:
- cs
- de
- en
- es
- ru
- tr
- vi
license:
- other
multilinguality:
- monolingual
- multilingual
size_categories:
- 100K<n<1M
- 10K<n<100K
- 1K<n<10K
source_datasets:
- extended|other-vision-datasets
- original
task_categories:
- fill-mask
- summarization
- table-to-text
- tabular-to-text
- text-generation
- text2text-generation
task_ids:
- dialogue-modeling
- rdf-to-text
- news-articles-summarization
- text-simplification
paperswithcode_id: gem
pretty_name: GEM
tags:
- intent-to-text
- meaning-representation-to-text
- concepts-to-text
dataset_info:
- config_name: mlsum_de
features:
- name: gem_id
dtype: string
- name: gem_parent_id
dtype: string
- name: text
dtype: string
- name: topic
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- name: url
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- name: title
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- config_name: cs_restaurants
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- config_name: web_nlg_en
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splits:
- name: train
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num_examples: 35426
- name: validation
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num_examples: 1667
- name: test
num_bytes: 1403601
num_examples: 1779
- name: challenge_train_sample
num_bytes: 193198
num_examples: 502
- name: challenge_validation_sample
num_bytes: 359868
num_examples: 499
- name: challenge_test_scramble
num_bytes: 402407
num_examples: 500
- name: challenge_test_numbers
num_bytes: 409213
num_examples: 500
download_size: 13181969
dataset_size: 16989897
- config_name: web_nlg_ru
features:
- name: gem_id
dtype: string
- name: gem_parent_id
dtype: string
- name: input
list: string
- name: target
dtype: string
- name: references
list: string
- name: category
dtype: string
- name: webnlg_id
dtype: string
splits:
- name: train
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- name: validation
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- name: test
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- name: challenge_train_sample
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num_examples: 501
- name: challenge_validation_sample
num_bytes: 514117
num_examples: 500
- name: challenge_test_scramble
num_bytes: 521625
num_examples: 500
download_size: 7854845
dataset_size: 10112120
- config_name: wiki_auto_asset_turk
features:
- name: gem_id
dtype: string
- name: gem_parent_id
dtype: string
- name: source
dtype: string
- name: target
dtype: string
- name: references
list: string
splits:
- name: train
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num_examples: 483801
- name: validation
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- name: test_asset
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num_examples: 359
- name: test_turk
num_bytes: 406842
num_examples: 359
- name: challenge_train_sample
num_bytes: 219542
num_examples: 500
- name: challenge_validation_sample
num_bytes: 213048
num_examples: 500
- name: challenge_test_asset_backtranslation
num_bytes: 436820
num_examples: 359
- name: challenge_test_asset_bfp02
num_bytes: 432742
num_examples: 359
- name: challenge_test_asset_bfp05
num_bytes: 432742
num_examples: 359
- name: challenge_test_asset_nopunc
num_bytes: 432735
num_examples: 359
- name: challenge_test_turk_backtranslation
num_bytes: 417204
num_examples: 359
- name: challenge_test_turk_bfp02
num_bytes: 414381
num_examples: 359
- name: challenge_test_turk_bfp05
num_bytes: 414383
num_examples: 359
- name: challenge_test_turk_nopunc
num_bytes: 414388
num_examples: 359
download_size: 126927527
dataset_size: 174016850
- config_name: schema_guided_dialog
features:
- name: gem_id
dtype: string
- name: gem_parent_id
dtype: string
- name: dialog_acts
list:
- name: act
dtype:
class_label:
names:
'0': AFFIRM
'1': AFFIRM_INTENT
'2': CONFIRM
'3': GOODBYE
'4': INFORM
'5': INFORM_COUNT
'6': INFORM_INTENT
'7': NEGATE
'8': NEGATE_INTENT
'9': NOTIFY_FAILURE
'10': NOTIFY_SUCCESS
'11': OFFER
'12': OFFER_INTENT
'13': REQUEST
'14': REQUEST_ALTS
'15': REQ_MORE
'16': SELECT
'17': THANK_YOU
- name: slot
dtype: string
- name: values
list: string
- name: context
list: string
- name: dialog_id
dtype: string
- name: service
dtype: string
- name: turn_id
dtype: int32
- name: prompt
dtype: string
- name: target
dtype: string
- name: references
list: string
splits:
- name: train
num_bytes: 146648117
num_examples: 164982
- name: validation
num_bytes: 9376504
num_examples: 10000
- name: test
num_bytes: 10160596
num_examples: 10000
- name: challenge_train_sample
num_bytes: 441326
num_examples: 500
- name: challenge_validation_sample
num_bytes: 491492
num_examples: 500
- name: challenge_test_backtranslation
num_bytes: 512834
num_examples: 500
- name: challenge_test_bfp02
num_bytes: 529404
num_examples: 500
- name: challenge_test_bfp05
num_bytes: 515151
num_examples: 500
- name: challenge_test_nopunc
num_bytes: 509332
num_examples: 500
- name: challenge_test_scramble
num_bytes: 514644
num_examples: 500
download_size: 17826468
dataset_size: 169699400
config_names:
- common_gen
- cs_restaurants
- dart
- e2e_nlg
- mlsum_de
- mlsum_es
- schema_guided_dialog
- totto
- web_nlg_en
- web_nlg_ru
- wiki_auto_asset_turk
- wiki_lingua_es_en
- wiki_lingua_ru_en
- wiki_lingua_tr_en
- wiki_lingua_vi_en
- xsum
---
# Dataset Card for GEM
## Table of Contents
- [Dataset Description](#dataset-description)
- [Dataset Summary](#dataset-summary)
- [Supported Tasks and Leaderboards](#supported-tasks-and-leaderboards)
- [Languages](#languages)
- [Dataset Structure](#dataset-structure)
- [Data Instances](#data-instances)
- [Data Fields](#data-fields)
- [Data Splits](#data-splits)
- [Dataset Creation](#dataset-creation)
- [Curation Rationale](#curation-rationale)
- [Source Data](#source-data)
- [Annotations](#annotations)
- [Personal and Sensitive Information](#personal-and-sensitive-information)
- [Considerations for Using the Data](#considerations-for-using-the-data)
- [Social Impact of Dataset](#social-impact-of-dataset)
- [Discussion of Biases](#discussion-of-biases)
- [Other Known Limitations](#other-known-limitations)
- [Additional Information](#additional-information)
- [Dataset Curators](#dataset-curators)
- [Licensing Information](#licensing-information)
- [Citation Information](#citation-information)
- [Contributions](#contributions)
## Dataset Description
- **Homepage:** [https://gem-benchmark.github.io/](https://gem-benchmark.github.io/)
- **Repository:**
- **Paper:** [The GEM Benchmark: Natural Language Generation, its Evaluation and Metrics](https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.01672)
- **Point of Contact:** [Sebastian Gehrman](gehrmann@google.com)
- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 2.19 GB
- **Size of the generated dataset:** 3.92 GB
- **Total amount of disk used:** 6.10 GB
### Dataset Summary
GEM is a benchmark environment for Natural Language Generation with a focus on its Evaluation,
both through human annotations and automated Metrics.
GEM aims to:
- measure NLG progress across 13 datasets spanning many NLG tasks and languages.
- provide an in-depth analysis of data and models presented via data statements and challenge sets.
- develop standards for evaluation of generated text using both automated and human metrics.
It is our goal to regularly update GEM and to encourage toward more inclusive practices in dataset development
by extending existing data or developing datasets for additional languages.
You can find more complete information in the dataset cards for each of the subsets:
- [CommonGen](https://gem-benchmark.com/data_cards/common_gen)
- [Czech Restaurant](https://gem-benchmark.com/data_cards/cs_restaurants)
- [DART](https://gem-benchmark.com/data_cards/dart)
- [E2E](https://gem-benchmark.com/data_cards/e2e_nlg)
- [MLSum](https://gem-benchmark.com/data_cards/mlsum)
- [Schema-Guided Dialog](https://gem-benchmark.com/data_cards/schema_guided_dialog)
- [WebNLG](https://gem-benchmark.com/data_cards/web_nlg)
- [Wiki-Auto/ASSET/TURK](https://gem-benchmark.com/data_cards/wiki_auto_asset_turk)
- [WikiLingua](https://gem-benchmark.com/data_cards/wiki_lingua)
- [XSum](https://gem-benchmark.com/data_cards/xsum)
The subsets are organized by task:
```
{
"summarization": {
"mlsum": ["mlsum_de", "mlsum_es"],
"wiki_lingua": ["wiki_lingua_es_en", "wiki_lingua_ru_en", "wiki_lingua_tr_en", "wiki_lingua_vi_en"],
"xsum": ["xsum"],
},
"struct2text": {
"common_gen": ["common_gen"],
"cs_restaurants": ["cs_restaurants"],
"dart": ["dart"],
"e2e": ["e2e_nlg"],
"totto": ["totto"],
"web_nlg": ["web_nlg_en", "web_nlg_ru"],
},
"simplification": {
"wiki_auto_asset_turk": ["wiki_auto_asset_turk"],
},
"dialog": {
"schema_guided_dialog": ["schema_guided_dialog"],
},
}
```
Each example has one `target` per example in its training set, and a set of `references` (with one or more items) in its validation and test set.
### Supported Tasks and Leaderboards
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### Languages
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
## Dataset Structure
### Data Instances
#### common_gen
- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 1.85 MB
- **Size of the generated dataset:** 9.23 MB
- **Total amount of disk used:** 11.07 MB
An example of `validation` looks as follows.
```
{'concept_set_id': 0,
'concepts': ['field', 'look', 'stand'],
'gem_id': 'common_gen-validation-0',
'references': ['The player stood in the field looking at the batter.',
'The coach stands along the field, looking at the goalkeeper.',
'I stood and looked across the field, peacefully.',
'Someone stands, looking around the empty field.'],
'target': 'The player stood in the field looking at the batter.'}
```
#### cs_restaurants
- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 1.47 MB
- **Size of the generated dataset:** 1.31 MB
- **Total amount of disk used:** 2.77 MB
An example of `validation` looks as follows.
```
{'dialog_act': '?request(area)',
'dialog_act_delexicalized': '?request(area)',
'gem_id': 'cs_restaurants-validation-0',
'references': ['Jakou lokalitu hledáte ?'],
'target': 'Jakou lokalitu hledáte ?',
'target_delexicalized': 'Jakou lokalitu hledáte ?'}
```
#### dart
- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 29.37 MB
- **Size of the generated dataset:** 27.44 MB
- **Total amount of disk used:** 56.81 MB
An example of `validation` looks as follows.
```
{'dart_id': 0,
'gem_id': 'dart-validation-0',
'references': ['A school from Mars Hill, North Carolina, joined in 1973.'],
'subtree_was_extended': True,
'target': 'A school from Mars Hill, North Carolina, joined in 1973.',
'target_sources': ['WikiSQL_decl_sents'],
'tripleset': [['Mars Hill College', 'JOINED', '1973'], ['Mars Hill College', 'LOCATION', 'Mars Hill, North Carolina']]}
```
#### e2e_nlg
- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 14.60 MB
- **Size of the generated dataset:** 12.14 MB
- **Total amount of disk used:** 26.74 MB
An example of `validation` looks as follows.
```
{'gem_id': 'e2e_nlg-validation-0',
'meaning_representation': 'name[Alimentum], area[city centre], familyFriendly[no]',
'references': ['There is a place in the city centre, Alimentum, that is not family-friendly.'],
'target': 'There is a place in the city centre, Alimentum, that is not family-friendly.'}
```
#### mlsum_de
- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 347.36 MB
- **Size of the generated dataset:** 951.06 MB
- **Total amount of disk used:** 1.30 GB
An example of `validation` looks as follows.
```
{'date': '00/04/2019',
'gem_id': 'mlsum_de-validation-0',
'references': ['In einer Kleinstadt auf der Insel Usedom war eine junge Frau tot in ihrer Wohnung gefunden worden. Nun stehen zwei Bekannte unter Verdacht.'],
'target': 'In einer Kleinstadt auf der Insel Usedom war eine junge Frau tot in ihrer Wohnung gefunden worden. Nun stehen zwei Bekannte unter Verdacht.',
'text': 'Kerzen und Blumen stehen vor dem Eingang eines Hauses, in dem eine 18-jährige Frau tot aufgefunden wurde. In einer Kleinstadt auf der Insel Usedom war eine junge Frau tot in ...',
'title': 'Tod von 18-Jähriger auf Usedom: Zwei Festnahmen',
'topic': 'panorama',
'url': 'https://www.sueddeutsche.de/panorama/usedom-frau-tot-festnahme-verdaechtige-1.4412256'}
```
#### mlsum_es
- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 514.11 MB
- **Size of the generated dataset:** 1.31 GB
- **Total amount of disk used:** 1.83 GB
An example of `validation` looks as follows.
```
{'date': '05/01/2019',
'gem_id': 'mlsum_es-validation-0',
'references': ['El diseñador que dio carta de naturaleza al estilo genuinamente americano celebra el medio siglo de su marca entre grandes fastos y problemas financieros. Conectar con las nuevas generaciones es el regalo que precisa más que nunca'],
'target': 'El diseñador que dio carta de naturaleza al estilo genuinamente americano celebra el medio siglo de su marca entre grandes fastos y problemas financieros. Conectar con las nuevas generaciones es el regalo que precisa más que nunca',
'text': 'Un oso de peluche marcándose un heelflip de monopatín es todo lo que Ralph Lauren necesitaba esta Navidad. Estampado en un jersey de lana azul marino, supone la guinda que corona ...',
'title': 'Ralph Lauren busca el secreto de la eterna juventud',
'topic': 'elpais estilo',
'url': 'http://elpais.com/elpais/2019/01/04/estilo/1546617396_933318.html'}
```
#### schema_guided_dialog
- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 8.64 MB
- **Size of the generated dataset:** 45.78 MB
- **Total amount of disk used:** 54.43 MB
An example of `validation` looks as follows.
```
{'dialog_acts': [{'act': 2, 'slot': 'song_name', 'values': ['Carnivore']}, {'act': 2, 'slot': 'playback_device', 'values': ['TV']}],
'dialog_id': '10_00054',
'gem_id': 'schema_guided_dialog-validation-0',
'prompt': 'Yes, I would.',
'references': ['Please confirm the song Carnivore on tv.'],
'target': 'Please confirm the song Carnivore on tv.',
'turn_id': 15}
```
#### totto
- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 187.73 MB
- **Size of the generated dataset:** 757.99 MB
- **Total amount of disk used:** 945.72 MB
An example of `validation` looks as follows.
```
{'example_id': '7391450717765563190',
'gem_id': 'totto-validation-0',
'highlighted_cells': [[3, 0], [3, 2], [3, 3]],
'overlap_subset': 'True',
'references': ['Daniel Henry Chamberlain was the 76th Governor of South Carolina from 1874.',
'Daniel Henry Chamberlain was the 76th Governor of South Carolina, beginning in 1874.',
'Daniel Henry Chamberlain was the 76th Governor of South Carolina who took office in 1874.'],
'sentence_annotations': [{'final_sentence': 'Daniel Henry Chamberlain was the 76th Governor of South Carolina from 1874.',
'original_sentence': 'Daniel Henry Chamberlain (June 23, 1835 – April 13, 1907) was an American planter, lawyer, author and the 76th Governor of South Carolina '
'from 1874 until 1877.',
'sentence_after_ambiguity': 'Daniel Henry Chamberlain was the 76th Governor of South Carolina from 1874.',
'sentence_after_deletion': 'Daniel Henry Chamberlain was the 76th Governor of South Carolina from 1874.'},
...
],
'table': [[{'column_span': 1, 'is_header': True, 'row_span': 1, 'value': '#'},
{'column_span': 2, 'is_header': True, 'row_span': 1, 'value': 'Governor'},
{'column_span': 1, 'is_header': True, 'row_span': 1, 'value': 'Took Office'},
{'column_span': 1, 'is_header': True, 'row_span': 1, 'value': 'Left Office'}],
[{'column_span': 1, 'is_header': True, 'row_span': 1, 'value': '74'},
{'column_span': 1, 'is_header': False, 'row_span': 1, 'value': '-'},
{'column_span': 1, 'is_header': False, 'row_span': 1, 'value': 'Robert Kingston Scott'},
{'column_span': 1, 'is_header': False, 'row_span': 1, 'value': 'July 6, 1868'}],
...
],
'table_page_title': 'List of Governors of South Carolina',
'table_section_text': 'Parties Democratic Republican',
'table_section_title': 'Governors under the Constitution of 1868',
'table_webpage_url': 'http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_South_Carolina',
'target': 'Daniel Henry Chamberlain was the 76th Governor of South Carolina from 1874.',
'totto_id': 0}
```
#### web_nlg_en
- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 12.95 MB
- **Size of the generated dataset:** 14.63 MB
- **Total amount of disk used:** 27.57 MB
An example of `validation` looks as follows.
```
{'category': 'Airport',
'gem_id': 'web_nlg_en-validation-0',
'input': ['Aarhus | leader | Jacob_Bundsgaard'],
'references': ['The leader of Aarhus is Jacob Bundsgaard.'],
'target': 'The leader of Aarhus is Jacob Bundsgaard.',
'webnlg_id': 'dev/Airport/1/Id1'}
```
#### web_nlg_ru
- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 7.63 MB
- **Size of the generated dataset:** 8.41 MB
- **Total amount of disk used:** 16.04 MB
An example of `validation` looks as follows.
```
{'category': 'Airport',
'gem_id': 'web_nlg_ru-validation-0',
'input': ['Punjab,_Pakistan | leaderTitle | Provincial_Assembly_of_the_Punjab'],
'references': ['Пенджаб, Пакистан, возглавляется Провинциальной ассамблеей Пенджаба.', 'Пенджаб, Пакистан возглавляется Провинциальной ассамблеей Пенджаба.'],
'target': 'Пенджаб, Пакистан, возглавляется Провинциальной ассамблеей Пенджаба.',
'webnlg_id': 'dev/Airport/1/Id1'}
```
#### wiki_auto_asset_turk
- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 127.27 MB
- **Size of the generated dataset:** 152.77 MB
- **Total amount of disk used:** 280.04 MB
An example of `validation` looks as follows.
```
{'gem_id': 'wiki_auto_asset_turk-validation-0',
'references': ['The Gandalf Awards honor excellent writing in in fantasy literature.'],
'source': 'The Gandalf Awards, honoring achievement in fantasy literature, were conferred by the World Science Fiction Society annually from 1974 to 1981.',
'source_id': '350_691837-1-0-0',
'target': 'The Gandalf Awards honor excellent writing in in fantasy literature.',
'target_id': '350_691837-0-0-0'}
```
#### wiki_lingua_es_en
- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 169.41 MB
- **Size of the generated dataset:** 287.60 MB
- **Total amount of disk used:** 457.01 MB
An example of `validation` looks as follows.
```
'references': ["Practice matted hair prevention from early in your cat's life. Make sure that your cat is grooming itself effectively. Keep a close eye on cats with long hair."],
'source': 'Muchas personas presentan problemas porque no cepillaron el pelaje de sus gatos en una etapa temprana de su vida, ya que no lo consideraban necesario. Sin embargo, a medida que...',
'target': "Practice matted hair prevention from early in your cat's life. Make sure that your cat is grooming itself effectively. Keep a close eye on cats with long hair."}
```
#### wiki_lingua_ru_en
- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 169.41 MB
- **Size of the generated dataset:** 211.21 MB
- **Total amount of disk used:** 380.62 MB
An example of `validation` looks as follows.
```
{'gem_id': 'wiki_lingua_ru_en-val-0',
'references': ['Get immediate medical care if you notice signs of a complication. Undergo diagnostic tests to check for gallstones and complications. Ask your doctor about your treatment '
'options.'],
'source': 'И хотя, скорее всего, вам не о чем волноваться, следует незамедлительно обратиться к врачу, если вы подозреваете, что у вас возникло осложнение желчекаменной болезни. Это ...',
'target': 'Get immediate medical care if you notice signs of a complication. Undergo diagnostic tests to check for gallstones and complications. Ask your doctor about your treatment '
'options.'}
```
#### wiki_lingua_tr_en
- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 169.41 MB
- **Size of the generated dataset:** 10.35 MB
- **Total amount of disk used:** 179.75 MB
An example of `validation` looks as follows.
```
{'gem_id': 'wiki_lingua_tr_en-val-0',
'references': ['Open Instagram. Go to the video you want to download. Tap ⋮. Tap Copy Link. Open Google Chrome. Tap the address bar. Go to the SaveFromWeb site. Tap the "Paste Instagram Video" text box. Tap and hold the text box. Tap PASTE. Tap Download. Download the video. Find the video on your Android.'],
'source': 'Instagram uygulamasının çok renkli kamera şeklindeki simgesine dokun. Daha önce giriş yaptıysan Instagram haber kaynağı açılır. Giriş yapmadıysan istendiğinde e-posta adresini ...',
'target': 'Open Instagram. Go to the video you want to download. Tap ⋮. Tap Copy Link. Open Google Chrome. Tap the address bar. Go to the SaveFromWeb site. Tap the "Paste Instagram Video" text box. Tap and hold the text box. Tap PASTE. Tap Download. Download the video. Find the video on your Android.'}
```
#### wiki_lingua_vi_en
- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 169.41 MB
- **Size of the generated dataset:** 41.02 MB
- **Total amount of disk used:** 210.43 MB
An example of `validation` looks as follows.
```
{'gem_id': 'wiki_lingua_vi_en-val-0',
'references': ['Select the right time of year for planting the tree. You will usually want to plant your tree when it is dormant, or not flowering, during cooler or colder times of year.'],
'source': 'Bạn muốn cung cấp cho cây cơ hội tốt nhất để phát triển và sinh tồn. Trồng cây đúng thời điểm trong năm chính là yếu tố then chốt. Thời điểm sẽ thay đổi phụ thuộc vào loài cây ...',
'target': 'Select the right time of year for planting the tree. You will usually want to plant your tree when it is dormant, or not flowering, during cooler or colder times of year.'}
```
#### xsum
- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 254.89 MB
- **Size of the generated dataset:** 70.67 MB
- **Total amount of disk used:** 325.56 MB
An example of `validation` looks as follows.
```
{'document': 'Burberry reported pre-tax profits of £166m for the year to March. A year ago it made a loss of £16.1m, hit by charges at its Spanish operations.\n'
'In the past year it has opened 21 new stores and closed nine. It plans to open 20-30 stores this year worldwide.\n'
'The group has also focused on promoting the Burberry brand online...',
'gem_id': 'xsum-validation-0',
'references': ['Luxury fashion designer Burberry has returned to profit after opening new stores and spending more on online marketing'],
'target': 'Luxury fashion designer Burberry has returned to profit after opening new stores and spending more on online marketing',
'xsum_id': '10162122'}
```
### Data Fields
The data fields are the same among all splits.
#### common_gen
- `gem_id`: a `string` feature.
- `concept_set_id`: a `int32` feature.
- `concepts`: a `list` of `string` features.
- `target`: a `string` feature.
- `references`: a `list` of `string` features.
#### cs_restaurants
- `gem_id`: a `string` feature.
- `dialog_act`: a `string` feature.
- `dialog_act_delexicalized`: a `string` feature.
- `target_delexicalized`: a `string` feature.
- `target`: a `string` feature.
- `references`: a `list` of `string` features.
#### dart
- `gem_id`: a `string` feature.
- `dart_id`: a `int32` feature.
- `tripleset`: a `list` of `string` features.
- `subtree_was_extended`: a `bool` feature.
- `target_sources`: a `list` of `string` features.
- `target`: a `string` feature.
- `references`: a `list` of `string` features.
#### e2e_nlg
- `gem_id`: a `string` feature.
- `meaning_representation`: a `string` feature.
- `target`: a `string` feature.
- `references`: a `list` of `string` features.
#### mlsum_de
- `gem_id`: a `string` feature.
- `text`: a `string` feature.
- `topic`: a `string` feature.
- `url`: a `string` feature.
- `title`: a `string` feature.
- `date`: a `string` feature.
- `target`: a `string` feature.
- `references`: a `list` of `string` features.
#### mlsum_es
- `gem_id`: a `string` feature.
- `text`: a `string` feature.
- `topic`: a `string` feature.
- `url`: a `string` feature.
- `title`: a `string` feature.
- `date`: a `string` feature.
- `target`: a `string` feature.
- `references`: a `list` of `string` features.
#### schema_guided_dialog
- `gem_id`: a `string` feature.
- `act`: a classification label, with possible values including `AFFIRM` (0), `AFFIRM_INTENT` (1), `CONFIRM` (2), `GOODBYE` (3), `INFORM` (4).
- `slot`: a `string` feature.
- `values`: a `list` of `string` features.
- `dialog_id`: a `string` feature.
- `turn_id`: a `int32` feature.
- `prompt`: a `string` feature.
- `target`: a `string` feature.
- `references`: a `list` of `string` features.
#### totto
- `gem_id`: a `string` feature.
- `totto_id`: a `int32` feature.
- `table_page_title`: a `string` feature.
- `table_webpage_url`: a `string` feature.
- `table_section_title`: a `string` feature.
- `table_section_text`: a `string` feature.
- `column_span`: a `int32` feature.
- `is_header`: a `bool` feature.
- `row_span`: a `int32` feature.
- `value`: a `string` feature.
- `highlighted_cells`: a `list` of `int32` features.
- `example_id`: a `string` feature.
- `original_sentence`: a `string` feature.
- `sentence_after_deletion`: a `string` feature.
- `sentence_after_ambiguity`: a `string` feature.
- `final_sentence`: a `string` feature.
- `overlap_subset`: a `string` feature.
- `target`: a `string` feature.
- `references`: a `list` of `string` features.
#### web_nlg_en
- `gem_id`: a `string` feature.
- `input`: a `list` of `string` features.
- `target`: a `string` feature.
- `references`: a `list` of `string` features.
- `category`: a `string` feature.
- `webnlg_id`: a `string` feature.
#### web_nlg_ru
- `gem_id`: a `string` feature.
- `input`: a `list` of `string` features.
- `target`: a `string` feature.
- `references`: a `list` of `string` features.
- `category`: a `string` feature.
- `webnlg_id`: a `string` feature.
#### wiki_auto_asset_turk
- `gem_id`: a `string` feature.
- `source_id`: a `string` feature.
- `target_id`: a `string` feature.
- `source`: a `string` feature.
- `target`: a `string` feature.
- `references`: a `list` of `string` features.
#### wiki_lingua_es_en
- `gem_id`: a `string` feature.
- `source`: a `string` feature.
- `target`: a `string` feature.
- `references`: a `list` of `string` features.
#### wiki_lingua_ru_en
- `gem_id`: a `string` feature.
- `source`: a `string` feature.
- `target`: a `string` feature.
- `references`: a `list` of `string` features.
#### wiki_lingua_tr_en
- `gem_id`: a `string` feature.
- `source`: a `string` feature.
- `target`: a `string` feature.
- `references`: a `list` of `string` features.
#### wiki_lingua_vi_en
- `gem_id`: a `string` feature.
- `source`: a `string` feature.
- `target`: a `string` feature.
- `references`: a `list` of `string` features.
#### xsum
- `gem_id`: a `string` feature.
- `xsum_id`: a `string` feature.
- `document`: a `string` feature.
- `target`: a `string` feature.
- `references`: a `list` of `string` features.
### Data Splits
#### common_gen
| |train|validation|test|
|----------|----:|---------:|---:|
|common_gen|67389| 993|1497|
#### cs_restaurants
| |train|validation|test|
|--------------|----:|---------:|---:|
|cs_restaurants| 3569| 781| 842|
#### dart
| |train|validation|test|
|----|----:|---------:|---:|
|dart|62659| 2768|6959|
#### e2e_nlg
| |train|validation|test|
|-------|----:|---------:|---:|
|e2e_nlg|33525| 4299|4693|
#### mlsum_de
| |train |validation|test |
|--------|-----:|---------:|----:|
|mlsum_de|220748| 11392|10695|
#### mlsum_es
| |train |validation|test |
|--------|-----:|---------:|----:|
|mlsum_es|259886| 9977|13365|
#### schema_guided_dialog
| |train |validation|test |
|--------------------|-----:|---------:|----:|
|schema_guided_dialog|164982| 10000|10000|
#### totto
| |train |validation|test|
|-----|-----:|---------:|---:|
|totto|121153| 7700|7700|
#### web_nlg_en
| |train|validation|test|
|----------|----:|---------:|---:|
|web_nlg_en|35426| 1667|1779|
#### web_nlg_ru
| |train|validation|test|
|----------|----:|---------:|---:|
|web_nlg_ru|14630| 790|1102|
#### wiki_auto_asset_turk
| |train |validation|test_asset|test_turk|
|--------------------|-----:|---------:|---------:|--------:|
|wiki_auto_asset_turk|373801| 73249| 359| 359|
#### wiki_lingua_es_en
| |train|validation|test |
|-----------------|----:|---------:|----:|
|wiki_lingua_es_en|79515| 8835|19797|
#### wiki_lingua_ru_en
| |train|validation|test|
|-----------------|----:|---------:|---:|
|wiki_lingua_ru_en|36898| 4100|9094|
#### wiki_lingua_tr_en
| |train|validation|test|
|-----------------|----:|---------:|---:|
|wiki_lingua_tr_en| 3193| 355| 808|
#### wiki_lingua_vi_en
| |train|validation|test|
|-----------------|----:|---------:|---:|
|wiki_lingua_vi_en| 9206| 1023|2167|
#### xsum
| |train|validation|test|
|----|----:|---------:|---:|
|xsum|23206| 1117|1166|
## Dataset Creation
### Curation Rationale
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### Source Data
#### Initial Data Collection and Normalization
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
#### Who are the source language producers?
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### Annotations
#### Annotation process
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
#### Who are the annotators?
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### Personal and Sensitive Information
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
## Considerations for Using the Data
### Social Impact of Dataset
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### Discussion of Biases
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### Other Known Limitations
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
## Additional Information
### Dataset Curators
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### Licensing Information
CC-BY-SA-4.0
### Citation Information
```
@article{gem_benchmark,
author = {Sebastian Gehrmann and
Tosin P. Adewumi and
Karmanya Aggarwal and
Pawan Sasanka Ammanamanchi and
Aremu Anuoluwapo and
Antoine Bosselut and
Khyathi Raghavi Chandu and
Miruna{-}Adriana Clinciu and
Dipanjan Das and
Kaustubh D. Dhole and
Wanyu Du and
Esin Durmus and
Ondrej Dusek and
Chris Emezue and
Varun Gangal and
Cristina Garbacea and
Tatsunori Hashimoto and
Yufang Hou and
Yacine Jernite and
Harsh Jhamtani and
Yangfeng Ji and
Shailza Jolly and
Dhruv Kumar and
Faisal Ladhak and
Aman Madaan and
Mounica Maddela and
Khyati Mahajan and
Saad Mahamood and
Bodhisattwa Prasad Majumder and
Pedro Henrique Martins and
Angelina McMillan{-}Major and
Simon Mille and
Emiel van Miltenburg and
Moin Nadeem and
Shashi Narayan and
Vitaly Nikolaev and
Rubungo Andre Niyongabo and
Salomey Osei and
Ankur P. Parikh and
Laura Perez{-}Beltrachini and
Niranjan Ramesh Rao and
Vikas Raunak and
Juan Diego Rodriguez and
Sashank Santhanam and
Jo{\~{a}}o Sedoc and
Thibault Sellam and
Samira Shaikh and
Anastasia Shimorina and
Marco Antonio Sobrevilla Cabezudo and
Hendrik Strobelt and
Nishant Subramani and
Wei Xu and
Diyi Yang and
Akhila Yerukola and
Jiawei Zhou},
title = {The {GEM} Benchmark: Natural Language Generation, its Evaluation and
Metrics},
journal = {CoRR},
volume = {abs/2102.01672},
year = {2021},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.01672},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
eprint = {2102.01672}
}
```
### Contributions
Thanks to [@yjernite](https://github.com/yjernite) for adding this dataset.