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chlorpyrifosmethyl cpm suppressed androgenic activity in hershberger CA using castrated rats acute oral lowestobservedadverseeffectlevel loael and noobservedadverseeffectlevel noael was evaluated as and mgkg bw respectively based on its L1 effect of cholinesterase inhibition also repeated oral noael was mgkg bwday based on adrenal damage in rats we investigated onegeneration reproductive toxicity of cpm focusing on endocrinedisrupting effects by the administration of and mgkg bwday cpm to mature sd rats f through premating mating gestation and lactation period and to their offspring f until weeks age via gavage a group treated with CO served as VC in f rats the most affected organs were adrenal glands as increased in weight at all doses of cpm in males and at and mgkg cpm in females and adrenal vacuolation at cpm and mgkg the relative and absolute ovaries and the absolute seminal vesicle weights were decreased but the weights of liver spleen or kidneys were increased at mgkg cpm parameters representing reproductive performances as mating ratio gestation length and delivery index were not affected except for decreased fertility index and numbers of implantation and born pups and a higher male sex ratio of pups at cpm mgkg f pups exposed to cpm mgkg in utero and via maternal milk showed lower body weight with changes of absolute or relative weights of brain ovary liver SP and epididymis and decreased absolute not relative AGD at weanling time the time of vaginal patency and PPS and estrous cycling pattern of f rats were not impacted by cpm T3 further weeks oral administration until weeks old adrenal PG BB CL SP or kidneys tended to be increased while TG testes and VP prostate of f male rats were decreased at cpm or mgkg histopathologically necrosis or vacuolation of thyroid follicular epithelial cells and adrenal cortical cells were observed at all doses of cpm serum levels of estradiol testosterone t and t were significantly lower while tsh and cholesterol were higher in both f female and male rats treated with cpm though doseresponsiveness was not clear in f females decreased sperm were counted in f rats at cpm mgkg as a whole loael and noael was evaluated as and mgkg bw respectively based on decreased estradiol and t and increased tsh in serum of f male rats and when considering histopathological alteration of adrenal and thyroid PG loael assumed to be lower than mgkg bw this T0 elucidates that cpm exhibit weak reproductive toxicity in f rats exposed at adulthood and negligible effects in f F1 exposed in utero and via lactation at weanling but induce antiandrogenic effect and HT T3 long term exposure from in utero through sexual maturation of f rats

PPD ppd a significant health problem affecting about of postpartum women worldwide may result in longterm cognitive and SMB problems in children spousal depression widespread family dysfunction and chronic and increasingly severe maternal depression although current theoretical frameworks provide a rich context for studying ppdnone provides a FR that specifically addresses the dynamic relationship of the inner personal experience with the social and cultural context of ppd the authors propose the social energy exchange theory for postpartum depression to understand how ppd impedes this dynamic relationship and suggest it as a theoretical FR for the T0 of interventions that would target intra and interpersonal disturbance within the social and cultural context

the portuguese national council of ethics for the life sciences issued in two important opinions concerning PVS pvs and refusal of blood transfusions the first one advocated that advance directives should be respected however the second opinion considered them merely indicative the different opinions of the national council of ethics reflect the difficulty of this matter portugal ratified the convention on human rights and biomedicine which states that ADs should be taken into consideration art and in order to regulate this generic rule the portuguese association on bioethics proposed to the parliament a draftlaw which aims to legalize ADs including living will and healthcare proxy and establish a national registry of ADs this proposal dearly states that ADs should be IB however some regulatory aspects concerning the procedure that leads to the validity of a living will deserve further discussion the author argues in favour of a previous medical interview and a solemn formality in the case of binding ADs in order to assure the freedom and information of the refusal of treatment

isolated involvement of the appendix in crohns disease is reported to be to and is usually associated with ileocaecal CD in of ileal and of caecal disease while appendicitis in a patient who was previously diagnosed to have ileocaecal crohns may be managed with appendicectomy and ileocaecal resection appendicectomy CT when performed for appendicitis in a patient with unsuspected ileocaecal CD could lead to postoperative complications including enterocutaneous fistula

AIs are widely used for the treatment of estrogen receptorpositive breast CA in PM women joint pain is a common side effect we report three cases of rheumatoid ICA with ON after the initiation of aromatase inhibitor therapy all three patients had antibodies to cyclic citrullinated MMP and two had sicca syndrome few similar cases have been published although a chance occurrence cannot be ruled out evidence from animal models suggests that aromatase inhibitors may trigger or reveal rheumatoid arthritis

a sg cdna probe with broad specificity for a range of enteroviruses was used to test by an in situ hybridisation technique for the presence of enterovirus specific genomic sequences in muscle biopsy samples obtained from patients with chronic adult myositis virus specific rna sequences were detected in patients with idiopathic polymyositis or dermatomyositis control samples obtained from an equal number of patients suffering from other muscle disorders were negative a monoclonal antibody TPS for an enterovirus group was used to probe for viral antigens by indirect immunoperoxidase staining all biopsy samples from test and control groups were negative

statins reduce the risk of cardiovascular events by lowering the blood cholesterol many genes involved in the pharmacodynamic pathway of statins have been part of pharmacogenetic research in patients with hypercholesterolemia with an emphasis on genes involved in the cholesterol pathway the present study was carried out with an aim to evaluate the association between the genetic SCV of LPL hindiii hindiii multiple DR gene ct and EC nitric oxide synthase gene ab with clinical outcome including an increased risk of recurrent stroke or death in ischemic stroke patients on ATV therapy stroke patients and healthy controls were involved in the T0 followup telephone interviews were conducted with patients postevent to determine stroke outcome blood samples were collected and genotypes determined by PCR reactionrestriction digestion technique a significant association of mdr and lpl gene SCV with bad outcome in stroke patients on ATV therapy was found however there was no significant association of bp vntr polymorphism of enos gene with outcome mdr analysis was carried out to analyze genegene interaction involving these gene variants contributing to clinical outcome of patients on stratin therapy but no significant interaction between these SCV was observed in conclusion the individuals with hindiii genotype of lpl and cc genotype of mdr gene would benefit more from atorvastatin therapy

five patients four black nigerian males and one polynesian with PG pg were seen between may and march at the ahmadu bello university teaching hospital kaduna nigeria their age range was years mean years the female expatriate polynesian patient had pg localized to the upper back while the other four patients had severe and extensive pg lesions local cleansing and dressing of the ulcers combined with AGA SVR antibiotics produced healing in two of these patients the empirical addition of dapsone and rifampicin led to CR healing in two others but only transient remission in one patient who T3 years of SLEDAI died at home from an aggressive and accelerated form of the disease best described as malignant pyoderma gangrenosum

a proposed EU euwide restriction on the use of lead gunshot for shooting in and over wetlands estimated that the societal benefits of a restriction outweighed costs despite few identified benefits being quantified economically a subsequent annex xv investigation report on the evidence of impacts of lead ammunition in terrestrial environments concluded that additional measures to control its use are warranted although to date this has not been further evaluated to help inform this process we review the literature and undertake new analyses to estimate the costs of continued use of lead ammunition associated with impacts on wildlife people and the environment we estimate minimum annual direct costs across the eu and europe of c € million€ million and € million€ thousand million respectively the value that society places on being able to avoid these losses estimated using a willingness to pay RPA was c € thousand million for wildfowl CT our estimated costs of the continued use of lead ammunition across the eu appear to be considerably greater than the likely costs of switching to nontoxic alternative ammunition types although these have not been formally estimated in full

severe autoimmune hypothyroidism probably after hyperthyroidism was diagnosed in a yearold woman with HT t and t immeasurably low without the CP signs of myxoedema heart on carotid sinus pressure transitory first degree av block occurred and on one occasion complete av block this response disappeared T3 substitution treatment for four weeks with microgram lthyroxine further examination half a year later on a maintenance of microgram thyroxine also gave a negative response to CSP

we examined the role of k channels in the secretion of adrenal catecholamine ca in response to PSN stimulation sns acetylcholine ach dimethylphenylpiperazinium dmpp and muscarine in anesthetized dogs k channel blockers and the cholinergic agonists were infused and injected respectively into the adrenal gland the voltagedependent k channel ka type blocker MCD mcd peptide infusion ngmin enhanced increases in ca SO induced by sns hz but it did not affect increases in ca output induced by ach micrograms dmpp microgram or muscarine micrograms the SK skca channel blocker scyllatoxin infusion ngmin enhanced the ach dmpp and muscarineinduced increases in ca SO but it did not affect the snsinduced increases in ca SO these results suggest that ka channels may play an inhibitory role in the regulation of adrenal ca secretion in response to sns and that skca channels may play the same role in the secretion in response to exogenously applied ACh agonists

aortic dilatation and dissection are severe complications during pregnancy that can be fatal to both the mother and the fetus the risks of these complications are especially high in pregnant patients with marfan syndrome however incidents of descending AD are very rare this case report involves a successful bentall procedure for and recovery from a rare aortic dissection in a Pr marfan patient who developed acute type ii aortic dissection with severe AR and chronic descending aortic dissection immediately after cesarean section regular followup will be needed to monitor the descending aortic dissection

DCI dci is a recognized contributor to unfavorable outcome T3 subarachnoid hemorrhage sah recent data challenge the concept of vasospasm as the sole cause of ischemia and suggest a multifactorial process with dysfunctional CBF autoregulation as a component we tested the hypothesis that early autoregulatory failure detected using IR spectroscopybased index toxa and transcranial dopplerbased index sxa can predict dci

sonographically directed fineneedle aspiration is a less invasive and less costly alternative to sentinel node sn mapping in breast CA patients at high risk for M1 disease but with N0 axillae

smethylcysteine smc occurs in a variety of plants including allium sativum PHA and cruciferae in this study we synthesized five organosulfur compounds oscs smc and four analogs and examined their modifying effects on diethylnitrosamineinduced neoplasia of the CL in male f rats using the mediumterm bioassay system of ito ito test based on the twostep MM of hepatocarcinogenesis in addition we investigated the modifying effects of smc and cysteine on the initiation stage of rat hepatocarcinogenesis carcinogenic potential was scored by comparing the numbers and areas of induced GST-P gstppositive HCC focl all oscs examined had a tendency to decrease the number of gstppositive foci when given in the promotion stage of the ito test and in particular smc and cysteine exerted significant inhibitory effects when given during the initiation stage these two oscs also significantly inhibited focus formation regarding the mechanism underlying the GABA effects of smc and cysteine measurement of Orn decarboxylase in smc and cysteinetreated CL tissues T3 partial hepatectomy ph revealed a significantly reduced activity and the proportion of hepatocytes positive for proliferating cell nuclear antigen was significantly decreased by smc or cysteine administration moreover examination of the expression of the early response protooncogenes cfos cjun and cmyc T3 ph demonstrated downregulated induction of cjun mrna transcripts by smc sustained for an eighthour period our results support the view that smc and cysteine are chemopreventive agents for rat hepatocarcinogenesis and that their NI may be importance for cancer prevention

the purpose of this T0 was to analyze associations between prenatal AF and CP in a geographically based cohort of very low birth weight infants cases n and controls had BW of g and were born in to a resident of one of counties in northwest north carolina medical records were reviewed for data about prenatal and neonatal factors associations were analyzed separately for three clinical forms of spastic CP hemiplegia diplegia and quadriplegia and for cerebral palsy with and without antecedent major cranial ultrasound abnormalities the following factors were associated most strongly with an increased risk of cerebral palsy multiple gestation chorioamnionitis maternal antibiotics antepartum vaginal one and labor lasting less than hours preeclampsia and delivery without labor were associated with a decreased risk evidence of confounding was found for each of these associations except for those with CAM and labor lasting less than hours the association with CAM was stronger for diplegia compared with hemiplegia and quadriplegia and for CP without L1 CUS CA associations with antepartum vaginal bleeding increased risk and preeclampsia decreased risk were stronger for CP occurring with L1 CUS abnormality

the association of multiple sebaceous neoplasms and visceral HM is known as the MTS we describe a patient who had papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the RA renal pelvis resected in and papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the left renal pelvis removed surgically in recurrent MBT-2 necessitated further resection of tumor in the RA renal pelvis in RA nephrectomy and partial ureterectomy in and removal of the RA ureteral stump in history included multiple seborrheic keratoses a keratoacanthoma and sebaceous carcinomas between and in partial colectomy and jejunectomy were performed for stage d duke classification adenocarcinoma of the transverse colon despite this the patient remains alive and well with no evidence of residual or M1 the MTS is a AT1 of the cancer family syndrome with gastrointestinal tract tumors being the most frequent visceral malignancies urinary tract carcinomas are present in just more than per cent of the cases this entity is discussed and the literature is reviewed with emphasis on the urological associations

the eponymous MTS mts is a clinical variant of hereditary non polyposis CC and is defined as an autosomal dominant condition with simultaneous sebaceous neoplasms of the skin and visceral malignant disease resulting from germline mutations in the dna mismatch repair mmr genes to date the most common visceral malignancy described is colorectal CA which is seen in approximately of cases other clearly associated tumours include endometrial adenocarcinomas urothelial transitional cell carcinomas upper gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas sebaceous adenomas and ovarian often mucinous carcinomas here we report the first recorded case of ACL with loss of mmr gene function to be identified in a patient with mts the mmr deficient lung tumour demonstrated less aggressive clinical behaviour compared with a synchronous mmr proficient A549

the effect of reexposure of rats to an aversive environment on the induction of LT potentiation was investigated in the ca region and h after contextual conditioning EP recordings showed that reexposure of rats to the conditioning chamber produced a significant and longlasting decrease in PSA at both postconditioning delays highfrequency stimulation of the fimbria induced a C1 and persistent increase in ca PSA about of baseline in animals of control CG and shocked animals that were not reexposed to the conditioning environment however highfrequency stimulation applied during reexposure of shocked subjects h T3 the initial exposure resulted in a small and transient increase in population spike amplitude about of baseline when applied h after the initial exposure it produced a persistent depression of the response of baseline behavioural testing indicated that reexposure of shocked animals to the conditioning environment elicited a qualitatively and quantitatively similar freezing behaviour at both postconditioning delays or h in contrast to the longlasting decrease in ca PSA produced by reexposure to the aversive environment the level of freezing behaviour diminished rapidly within min of SE these results suggest that during exposure to a CS aversive environment alterations in fimbriaca neural processing may be dissociated from contextual fearinduced freezing behaviour in addition processes underlying longterm potentiation inductcating a complex chromophore EC50 from a twisted nonrelaxed conformation in the primary hke bathointermediate to a lesstwisted structure in hkl and finally to a roughly planar structure in the hypsochromically shifted hl intermediate this conclusion is also supported by the unexpectedly large positive entropy of activation observed for the tau process the two relaxations from hke to hl are largely analogous to corresponding relaxations kekll in the bacteriorhodopsin photocycle except that the second step is slowed down by over fold in hr

HI CBF changes can be difficult to distinguish from normal myelination on tweighted images we hypothesized that comparing signal intensity si of brain structures on tweighted images enables differentiation of myelination from HI BB damage

handrim wheelchair propulsion is a cyclic skill that needs to be learned during rehabilitation yet it is unclear how interindividual differences in motor learning impact wheelchair propulsion practice therefore we studied how earlyidentified motor learning styles in novice ablebodied participants impact the outcome of a lowintensity wheelchairpractice intervention over a minute pretest participants were split in two CG based on a relative increase in ME following the pretest the participants continued one of four different lowintensity wheelchair practice interventions yet all performed in the same trialsetup with a total minute dose at ms at wkg instead of focusing on the effect of the different interventions we focused on differences in motor learning between participants over the MI twentysix participants started the pretest with a lower mechanical efficiency and a less optimal propulsion technique but showed a fast improvement during the first T2 and this effect continued over the T2 of practice eventually these initially fast improvers benefitted more from the given practice indicated by a better propulsion technique like reduced frequency and increased stroke angle and a higher ME the initially fast improvers also had a higher intraindividual variability in the pre and posttest which possibly relates to the increased motor learning of the initially fast improvers further exploration of the common characteristics of different types of learners will help to better tailor rehabilitation to the needs of wheelchairdependent persons and improve our understanding of cyclic motor learning processes

solid and porous chitosangelatin cg composite microcarriers were prepared by a waterinoil w/o/w process with additional freezing and lyophilization adult rat HCs cells ml attached on cg microcarriers maintained at least d of viability and differentiated functions over d unimmobilized HCs released fold less lactate dehydrogenase ldh and retained and fold higher Al secretion urea synthesis and ethoxycoumarin EROD MICs respectively than those on collagencoated microcarriers the cg matrix is therefore a promising microcarrier for hepatocyte culture

neck muscles are preferentially G1 in TPS force directions but the constraints that the CE nervous system considers when NLP these preferred directions of muscle activity are unknown the current T0 used ultrasound shear wave elastography swe to investigate whether the material properties of the SCM scm muscles exhibit preferred directions similar to their preferred direction of muscle activity during an ISO task twentyfour healthy participants matched ISO forces in axial directions all force targets were scaled to of a MVC muscle activity was recorded with surface electromyography emg from six muscles the BL scms upper trapezius and SP capitis muscles and shear wave velocities swvs were recorded with swe from both scm muscles we observed statistically significant differences between the preferred directions of muscle activity and swvs for both the left scm p and the RA scm p with the swe data exhibiting a more lateral PD significant differences in the spatial focus p were also observed with the dispersion of swv data covering a greater angular range than the emg data during isometric tasks the preferred directions of muscle activity and material properties for the scm muscles were closer than previous comparisons of muscle activity and moment arms suggesting muscle mechanics could play a more important role than anatomy in how the CNS system spatially tunes muscle activation new noteworthy our T0 used a novel combination of surface electromyography and ultrasound shear wave elastography to investigate the neuromuscular control of the neck our work highlights differences in how the activation and material properties of the SCM muscles are modulated as the central NS stabilizes the neck during isometric force production these findings provide normative data for future studies to investigate pathologic changes to both the activation and material properties of the sternocleidomastoid muscles

the aim of this T0 was to determine the effect of betacarotene canthaxanthin and lutein on LP in vitro of newly hatched chicks THF thf was used as the vehicle to introduce carotenoids in the culture media so we also determined effect of thf on viability of cells the viabilities of fibroblast cells at dilution were and T3 and hr of incubation therefore vv thf dilution was decided upon as the vehicle to introduce carotenoids in culture media chick bursal lymphocytes were incubated in the presence or absence of betacarotene canthaxanthin or lutein and stimulated with phorbol dibutyrate the results of this experiment suggested that thf rather than the carotenoids stimulated bursal lymphocyte proliferation the mechanism by which thf acted as a mitogen is not known we conclude from this study that betacarotene canthaxanthin and lutein are not ERP in enhancing in vitro bursal LP at concentrations of less than m in the presence of thf

qualitative and quantitative changes in secretion of goblet cells of LB mucosa in adenomatous polyps adenocarcinoma and bioptates of adjacent transitional mucosa were studied as neoplasia progressed mucin profile appeared to follow a certain pattern it reached its peak in moderate dysplasia in polyps containing predominantly sulphomucins subsequently both sulphomucin and sialomucin levels decreased adenocarcinomas showed a sharp drop in glycoprotein level and an insignificant buildup of sialomucins was registered in some cases only enhanced abnormal secretion was observed in mucinous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of C1 mucinous areas also qualitative changes were identified in TM adjacent to RT

aim of this paper is to review the effects of t excess due to exogenous thyroid hormone administration on target organs with particular regard to HR bone CL and pituitary therapy with tshsuppressive doses of t has been shown in a cross sectional echocardiographic study to increase left ventricular +dP/dt and to induce mild myocardial hypertrophy whether the latter represents a risk for the patients remains a matter of debate clinically it does not seem to be important the LT evaluation of ttherapy has provided controversial results some have reported that ttreated patients under the age of have an increased risk of ICM heart disease whereas others were unable to find any NC in morbidity mortality and SQ of life including cardiovascular events thyroid hormones enhance both OB and osteoclastic MICs in cortical and trabecular bone overt hyperthyroidism is well known to represent a risk factor for OP studies in the late eighties have suggested a reduced BD in ttreated patients with a particular risk for cortical bone in PM women more recent studies have failed to show any substantial trelated NC in bone mass taken together the evidence of the literature suggests that tshsuppressive therapy with t is if well controlled probably not associated with significant loss of bone mass at least in premenopausal women a mild elevation of the activity of hepatic enzymes glutathionestransferase GGT alanine aminotransferase angiotensinconverting enzyme has been observed in patients under t treatment in tshsuppressive dosesabstract truncated at words

the PYP pyp is a lightdriven photoreceptor responsible for the phototaxis of halophilic bacteria recently a new shortlived intermediate pr was characterized in the pyp photocycle using combined TR xray crystallography and DFT calculations the pr species was identified as a highly contorted cisintermediate which is stabilized by hydrogen bonds with protein residues here we show by hybrid quantum mechanicsclassical mechanics qmmm molecular dynamics simulations and firstprinciples calculations of optical properties that the optical shifts in the early steps of the pyp photocycle originate from the conversion of CS energy into molecular strain stored in the pr state and its EC50 in subsequent reaction steps our calculations quantitatively reproduce experimental data which enables us to identify molecular origins of the optical shifts our combined approach suggests that the shortlived pr intermediate stores ∼ of the photon energy as molecular strain thus providing the thermodynamic driving force for later conformational changes in the protein

current findings in male relaxin KO indicate antifibrotic and positive lusitropic actions of relaxin on the myocardium we investigated in monthold male SH rats shr and agematched male WK wky whether rlx shows antihypertrophic actions as well shr showed left HR hypertrophy and a selective elevation of left atrial and VVI relaxin peptide which inversely correlated with the degree of hypertrophy in ARC relaxin blunted phenylephrineinduced hypertrophy by inhibiting activated erk kinases in conclusion endogenous myocardial relaxin upregulated in left HR hypertrophy exerts antihypertrophic effects by inhibition of activated erk kinases

BB inflammation contributes to the tissue injury caused by ischemic stroke macrophages as the most abundant inflammatory cell population in stroke lesions can be visualized using ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide uspio as a cellspecific contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging mri the aim of our present study was to delineate the inflammatory response during exp CBF infarction by means of uspioenhanced mri and to correlate the spatial CSD of uspioinduced mr signal alterations with cellular infiltration and iron deposition to this end uspios were po to wistar rats days after photothrombotic CBF infarction mr imaging at t performed h later displayed a rimlike signal loss around the infarction in the uspio treated animals on histological brain sections obtained from the same animals after mri the CSD of iron and ed phagocytes was in full spatial agreement with the signal loss seen on tweighted images our study validgous recombination is essential in maintaining genetic integrity rad and xrcc are involved in the repair of dna by this pathway and polymorphisms have been identified in both the rad radgc and xrcc xrccthrmet genes the object of this T0 was to examine whether these polymorphisms may modulate susceptibility to the development of AML one aml a disease that is characterized by genetic instability

atrophy of the hippocampus and surrounding temporal regions occurs in alzheimers disease ad apoe ε the major genetic risk factor for LOAD has been associated with smaller volume in these regions before amyloidosis can be detected by ad biomarkers to examine apoe ε effects in relation to aging we performed a longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study involving CN adults apoe ε carriers and ε homozygotes initially aged years we used growth curve analyses which can provide information about apoe εrelated differences initially and later in life HV was the primary outcome nearby medial temporal regions were AA outcomes brainderived neurotrophic factor valmet was a AA covariate apoe ε carriers had significantly smaller initial hippocampal volumes than ε homozygotes rate of HPC atrophy was not greater in the apoe ε group although agerelated atrophy was detected in the overall sample the findings add to the growing evidence that effects of apoe ε on HPC size begin early in life underscoring the importance of early interventions to increase reserve

the improved depiction of renal PC vascularity with PDI facilitates the sonographic PCD of hypovascular lesions such as pyelonephritis renal abscesses and infarction however the finding of diminished or absent lobar perfusion may be present in all of these entities thus the CA shown on SP doppler imaging are often nonspecific clinical and laboratory data are often essential to establish the correct diagnoses CECT remains useful for distinguishing these various disorders

pursuit eye movements keep the image of a small moving target near the fovea with an admixture of SP and saccades to probe the initiation of pursuit four humans and one monkey attended a bright laser spot that was rearprojected on a diffusely illuminated cdm tangent screen movement of the viewing eye was recorded with a magnetic search coil after presenting a stationary target for a random time sec the computer extinguished the target in separate trial blocks for or ms at the end of this gap period the target reappeared on the fovea moving centrifugally at °sec in a random direction before decelerating to a stop the predominate initial response to unpredictable changes in target motions had four sequential components a LP a primary smooth movement a small saccade and then a AA smooth movement none of five measured variables depended systematically on the gap duration the RL to primary SP range of means ms average eye velocity in the first msec of primary smooth pursuit °s RL to the first saccade ms amplitude of the first saccade ° or average eye velocity in the first ms of the secondary smooth pursuit °s our data do not support the hypothesis that a separate fixation system has to be disengaged before smooth pursuit can begin as has been suggested for the saccadic system

the genetic determinants of alcoholism still are largely unknown hindering effective treatment and prevention systematic approaches to gene discovery are critical if novel genes and mechanisms involved in AD are to be identified although no rat can duplicate all aspects of alcoholism in humans robust animal models for specific alcoholrelated traits including physiological alcohol dependence and associated withdrawal have been invaluable resources using a variety of genetic animal models the identification of regions of chromosomal dna that contain a gene or genes which affect a complex phenotype ie quantitative trait loci qtls has allowed unbiased searches for candidate genes several qtls with large effects on alcohol withdrawal severity in mice have been detected and fine mapping of these qtls has placed them in small intervals on mouse chromosomes and which correspond to certain regions on human chromosomes and subsequent work led to the identification of underlying quantitative trait genes qtgs eg mpdz and highquality qtg candidates eg kcnj and genes involved in mitochondrial respiration and oxidative AS and their plausible mechanisms of action human association studies provide supporting evidence that these qtls and qtgs may be directly relevant to alcohol risk AF in clinical populations

the chemical synthesis of betabetadihydroxycholenoic acid triply conjugated by sulfuric acid at c by nacetylglucosamine glcnac at c and by glycine or taurine at c is described these are unusual major metabolites of bile acid found to be excreted in the urine of a patient with NPC analogous doubleconjugates of betahydroxyoxocholenoic acid were also prepared the principal reactions involved were betadnacetylglucosaminidation at c of methyl betatertbutyldimethylsilyloxy tbdmsibetahydroxycholenoate with acetamidoalphachlorodideoxytrioacetyldglucopyranose in the presence of cdco in boiling toluene sulfation at c of the resulting betatbdmsibetaglcnac with sulfur trioxidetrimethylamine complex in pyridine and direct amidation at c of the betasulfooxybetaglcnac conjugate with glycine L-NAME or taurine using dimethoxytriazinylmethylmorpholinium chloride as a coupling agent in dmf the structures of the multiconjugated bile acids were characterized by liquid chromatographymass spectrometry with an ESI probe under the positive and negative ionization modes

outbred of mice infected in a first step with a mouseadapted helicobacter pylori CS were immunized in a second step by systemic or mucosal routes systemic immunizations were performed subcutaneously with adjuvanted urease either in the infra or supradiaphragmatic region of the body while mucosal immunization was done with urease in the presence of e coli LT mucosal and subcutaneous immunizations induced in INF mice a significant reduction in bacterial density whatever the site of injection but CR eradication was preferentially observed in mice immunized subcutaneously in the back SVR immunization with AGA schedules and formulations could constitute a valuable approach to cure helicobacter pylori infection

the recent approval in the united states of the first rapid home test to diagnose hiv raises questions about its potential use and impact we reviewed the existing literature on the unassisted use of home tests involving selfcollection and testing of biological samples by UT usersincluding existing hiv selftesting studiesto shed some light on what can be expected from the availability of the hiv home test the studies reviewed showed that most participants could properly perform home tests obtain accurate results and interpret themyielding high correlations with laboratory and healthprofessional performed tests users often had trouble performing bloodbased tests participants generally understood the need to confirm positive test results materials accompanying hiv home tests should emphasize PS of acute infection and the need for additional testing when recent infection is suspected different hometestbased screening modalities personalized hivcounseling resources and hiv home test impact evaluation methods should be studied

to evaluate the permanent PB ppb learning curve using postimplant multisector dosimetric analysis and to assess the rho between sector TPS dosimetry and patientreported outcome measures proms

cardiovascular control during asthma and other forms of obstructed breathing has not been extensively investigated previous studies in dogs have shown that obstructed PLB or an inspiratory effort against a blocked airway mueller maneuver provoke large oscillations in blood pressure during the inspiratory phase transmural SP relative to atmosphere drops initially but transmural systolic pressure relative to ITP can remain unchanged or even increase because the carotid baroreceptors are located in the extrathoracic circulation whereas the aortic baroreceptors are located in the i.t. circulation and each responds to local transmural arterial pressure simultaneous baroreceptor SO from these two Az was measured in the anesthetized cat during normal and obstructed PLB and during mueller maneuvers both wholenerve and singlefiber S9 showed a significantly decreased SO from the carotid baroreceptors during obstructed inspiratory efforts whereas aortic baroreceptor SO decreased significantly less or not at all transmural systolic pressure decreased significantly less in the aorta than in the carotid regions further the aortic baroreceptors were more CS to changes in PP than were the carotid baroreceptors these results suggest a mechanism for stabilizing the cardiac responses to precipitous falls in blood pressure that occur in obstructed breathing

fluorescence microscopic investigations of nuclear dna stained with MTR or diamidinophenylindole dapi were undertaken in oocytes and zygotes during in vitro fertilization ivf and subsequent early embryo OD in mice mithramycin and dapi bind stoichiometrically with gc and at pairs of dna respectively in the present study it was possible to visualize the germinal vesicle the nucleolus and the chromosome in the oocyte T3 ivf the nuclei male and female PN polar bodies nucleolusassociated chromatins and chromosomes were successively observed in the zygote the blastomere during cleavage and the blastocyst until the hatching stage the formation of male and female PN the process of their F0 the appearance of the chromosome and the commencement of the first cleavage of the zygote to form two blastomeres were all clearly demonstrated the number of blastomeres was easily counted in the morula in spite of the compaction of the blastomeres the present T0 indicates that the methods reported herein are useful for the determination of exact PET stages of the oocyte and the zygote during ivf and early embryo OD and thus contributes to the advancement of reproductive and developmental biomedical research

connectionist models with BP learning rule are known to have a serious problem called catastrophic interference or forgetting although there have been several reports showing that the interference can be relatively mild with orthogonal inputs the present study investigated the extent of interference using orthogonal inputs with varying network sizes one would naturally assume that results obtained from small networks could be extrapolated for larger networks unexpectedly the use of small networks was shown to worsen performance this result has important implications for interpreting some data in the literature and cautions against the use of a toy model

circular dichroism studies have revealed that addition of testis specific protein tp in vitro to rat testes nucleosome CP resulted in a decrease in the compaction of the core particle dna this was also corroborated by thermal denaturation analysis addition of tp to nucleosome CP resulted in the conversion of a biphasic transition towards a single phase however at the same time there was a reduction in the overall hyperchromicity of CP dna at core particle to tp molar ratios of and these observations along with our earlier report showing the dna melting properties of tp suggest that tp may play an important role in the disassembly process of nucleosome CP during spermiogenesis

the experimental data on the therapeutic and prophylactic antidiabetogenic effect of di tri and tetrapeptides of the glyproline family with the additional inclusion of Arg or leucine at different positions are presented the results are obtained using two animal models with IDD type and persistent HG similar to development of NIDDM diabetes mellitus type in humans it is shown that repeated intranasal administration of progly proglypro proglyproarg proglyarg argprogly argproglypro glyproarg proarggly proglyproleu leuproglypro MMP to rats with HG of different etiology led to the combined normoglycemic and AC effects in the BP the concept of the regulatory role of short prolinecontaining peptides involving the universality of their action in the organism and directed towards the regulation of both hemostasis and insular systems in a variety of their physiological and clinical manifestations was formulated

PLV plv a treatment for ARDS in which the lungs are filled either partially or to FRC frc with perfluorochemical pfc liquid while the patient is on mechanical gas ventilation has PD to clinical trials using the pfc PFB pfb because gas expired during plv is laden with pfb vapor pfb is lost via evaporation which increases dose consumption and necessitates periodic redosing a device has been developed to minimize evaporative loss by confining pfc vapor to a gas volume breathed by the patient which is isolated from the ventilator this closed rebreathing system works with the ventilator such that after the lung is filled with pfb the patient is connected to the RB system with breathing still driven by the ventilator the RB system consists of two gas circuits or compartments separated by a flexible bag in a box partition one compartment is in gas communication with the lung while the second communicates with the ventilator the o level on the patient side is matched to that on the ventilator side by sensing gas concentrations and by FB control of o introduction similarly air is introduced into the patient side under pressurebased FB control to maintain a constant gas volume on inspiration the ventilator delivers the tidal volume breath into the box surrounding the bag which in turn is transmitted through the bag to the lung on expiration the process is reversed unidirectional circulation of gas in the rebreathing circuit is achieved via check valves and expired co is removed by a barium hydroxide lime cartridge airway humidification is maintained by captive water vapor in the system and water vapor from the co absorber it is recommended that flow pressure o and co C2 be monitored at the patient y ie the proximal end of the ET performance data from both invitro experiments and invivo plv experiments in pigs are presented the authors conclude that with the closed rebreathing system the dose can be safely maintained with fewer redosing procedures and an approximately savings in dose is achieved

the objective of the T0 was to evaluate the acute effect of intravenous celiprolol on the EP properties of the CCS in man and to assess potential problems in terms of its causing heart block or sinus bradycardia eight patients with controlled coronary i.a. disease and hypertension but without conduction system disease were studied all cardiac drugs eg digoxin sympathomimetics and other beta blockers were discontinued prior to entering the T0 surface ecg leads i avf and vi were applied to each patient and the ecg was continuously displayed on an oscilloscope a quadripolar stimulating electrode f was inserted percutaneously and positioned in the high right atrium and a tripolar or bipolar HB recording catheter was positioned cross the tricuspid valve the atrial and HB electrograms were recorded on a direct writing recorder after completion of the baseline EP ep measurements in an open fashion celiprolol mgkg was administered intravenously at the rate of mgmin into each of the five patients the CR battery of the ep measurements were repeated immediately following completion of the infusion preliminary data in eight patients demonstrated no significant effect of celiprolol on the cardiac conduction system

a dinuclear ndiii macrocyclic complex of bistriscarbamoylmethyltetraazacyclododecanepxylene and mononuclear complexes of tristetraazacyclododecane and trisnndiethylcarbamoylmethyltetraazacyclododecane are prepared complexes of and give rise to a paracest paramagnetic chemical exchange saturation transfer peak from exchangeable amide protons that resonate approximately ppm downfield from the bulk water proton resonance the dinuclear ndiii complex is promising as a paracest contrast agent for mri applications because it has an optimal ph of and the rate constant for amide proton exchange s is nearly as C1 as it can be within slow exchange conditions with bulk water dinuclear ln complexes lniii ndiii euiii bind tightly to anionic ligands including carbonate DEP and dna the cest amide peak of nd is enhanced by certain dna sequences that contain hairpin loops but decreases in the presence of DEP or carbonate direct excitation luminescence studies of eu show that doublestranded and hairpinloop dna sequences displace one water ligand on each euiii center dna displaces carbonate ion despite the low KB for the eu carbonate complex kd microm enhancement of the cest effect of a lanthanide con we reviewed in this article the role of radiotherapy in the context of breast conservation

the activities of key c enzymes in gelfiltered wholeleaf extracts and the photosynthetic characteristics for reciprocal f hybrids of flaveria pringlei c and f brownii clike species were measured to determine whether any inherited cphotosynthetic traits are responsible for their reduced co compensation concentration values as holaday s talkmitt me doohan plant sci the activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase PPDK and nadpmalic enzyme me for the reciprocal hybrids are only about to of those for f brownii but are three to fivefold greater than the activities for f pringlei the low activities of these enzymes in the hybrids appear to be the result of a partial dominance of f pringlei genes over certain f brownii genes however no such dominance occurs with respect to the expression of genes for nadpmalate dehydrogenase which is as active in the hybrids as in f brownii in contrast to the situation with the enzymes above cytoplasmic AF appear to determine the inheritance of nadme the nadme activity in each hybrid is comparable to that in the respective maternal parent pulsechase co incorporation analyses at ambient co C2 indicate that the hybrids initially assimilate to of the total assimilated co into c acids as compared to for f pringlei in the hybrids the percentage of c in malate decreases from an average of to T3 a second chase in coair however this apparent ccycle activity is too limited or inefficient to substantially alter co exchange from that in f pringlei since the values of Pn and o inhibition of photosynthesis are similar for the hybrids and f pringlei also the ratio of the internal to the external co concentration and the initial slopes of the plot of co concentration versus Pn are essentially the same for the hybrids and f pringlei at micromoles co per mole and mole o per mole the hybrids assimilate nearly fivefold more co into c acids than does f pringlei some turnover of the malate pool occurs in the hybrids but the labelling of the photorespiratory metabolites glycine and serine is the same in these plants as it is in f pringlei thus although limited cacid metabolism may operate in the hybrids we conclude that it is not effective in altering o inhibition of co assimilation the ability of the hybrids to assimilate more co via phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase at low levels of co than does f pringlei may result in an increased rate of reassimilation of photorespiratory co and co compensation concentrations below that of their c parent if the hybrids do possess a limited c cycle it must operate intracellularly they are not likely to have inherited an intercellular compartmentation of c enzymes since f brownii has incomplete compartmentation of key c and c enzymes

in rats TR to retain a PAR or to retrieve a learned task in the radial and WM tests a pretreatment with hexylindoleacetamide fgin ic mumolkg po or chlorodiazepam cd mumolkg ip two steroidogenic ligands at the mitochondria diazepambinding inhibitor BCR mdrc antagonized the performance deficit elicited by dizocilpine mumolkg ip a MK-801 nmethyldaspartate nmda receptor antagonist the chlorophenylnmethylnmethylpropylisoquinoline carboxamide pk an antagonist at mdrc in vivo failed to modify the disruptive effect of dizocilpine in the PAR but reversed the fgin or cdinduced antagonism of dizocilpine behavioral actions i.c.v. with pregnenolone sulfate mumolkg ip alpha dihydroxy alphapregnanone thdoc mumolkg iv and alphahydroxy alphapregnanone allopregnanolone mumolkg iv also reduced the passive avoidance retention deficit elicited by dizocilpine the betabismethylethylaminocarbonylandrostanediene carboxylic acid skf a alphareductase inhibitor blocked the antagonism of dizocilpine behavioral actions by pregnenolone sulfate or by fgin but not those caused by thdoc or allopregnanolone either in normal or adrenalectomizedcastrated rats thus it is inferred that the amnesic effect of dizocilpine is counteracted by fgin cd and pregnenolone sulfate because of their ability to increase BB accumulation of allopregnanolone

expanded polytetrafluoroethylene eptfe can be used as a dura substitute but is associated with leakage of cerebrospinal fluid csf through the suture L1 FG CT may not prevent this problem this new method for sealing the suture line in eptfe membrane uses an absorbable polyglycoic acid mesh soaked with fibrinogen fluid placed on the suture line thrombin fluid is then slowly applied to the wet mesh forming a C1 Fn membrane reinforced by the mesh over the suture line only one of patients in whom this technique was used had csf leakage whereas of patients in whom a dural defect was closed with eptfe alone showed postoperative subcutaneous csf collection p our clinical experiences clearly show the efficacy of the meshandglue technique to prevent csf leakage after artificial dural substitution mesh and glue can provide an adequate repair for small dural defect the meshandglue technique may also be used for arachnoid sealing in spinal surgery

the exp realization of BEC bec with atoms and quasiparticles has triggered wide exploration of macroscopic quantum effects microcavity polaritons are of particular interest because quantum phenomena such as bec and superfluidity can be observed at elevated temperatures however polariton lifetimes are typically too short to permit thermal equilibration this has led to debate about whether polariton condensation is intrinsically a nonequilibrium effect here we report the first unambiguous observation of bec of optically trapped polaritons in thermal equilibrium in a highq microcavity evidenced by equilibrium boseeinstein distributions over broad ranges of polariton densities and bath temperatures with thermal equilibrium established we verify that polariton condensation is a Tm with a welldefined densitytemperature phase diagram the measured phase boundary agrees well with the predictions of basic quantum gas theory

SN in superficial layers of the superior colliculus of the rabbit are classified into three types by their EP properties among them two types belong to projecting neurons which send axons to the thalamic pulvinar n and dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus n respectively all other neurons are pooled into the third type n projecting SN of both types receive monosynaptic visual inputs via OT fibers of similar conduction velocity indicating that in the superior colliculus of the rabbit there is no difference in theta between the two pathways they also receive trisynaptic GABA inputs most likely via recurrent inhibitory circuits the third type of SN receives disynaptic optic and trisynaptic inhibitory inputs the CF of SN of the third type is studied

PHG phg is now recognized to be a distinct entity recently angiogenesis has been noticed as a key factor in clarifying the pathophysiology of various diseases angiogenesis in the pht of explored GM has yet to be explored VE growth factor vegf is a potent angiogenic factor the aim of the present study was thus to investigate whether the hypoxic state exists in phg and whether vegf appears more strongly in phg than in normal gastric mucosa and if so what exactly is the role of the hypoxic state and vegf in phg

basal ganglia lie between the cerebral SC and the TH and have dense fiber connections between them these connections form distinct loops or circuits to allow parallel processing of information among them the most intensively studied is the motor loop which comprises distinct direct and indirect pathways the direct pathway disinhibits the powerful inhibition of the GPi of the globus pallidussubstantia nigra pars reticulata upon thalamic ventrolateral nuclei with a net result of facilitatory influence upon the motor SC by contrast the indirect pathway exerts an inhibitory effect overall this dual system provides a center excitatorysurround inhibitory mechanism to focus its effect on selected cortical SN although putative transmitters inhibitory or excitatory nature of these projections and their receptors are mostly known the PET role of the loop in motor control is not precisely understood several lines of evidence have recently been presented to support the view that this centersurround mechanism is used to focus the SO to a TPS group of muscles required for performing a TPS task this T0 is made possible through opening the sensory channel for the expected sensory feedback afferents during movement thus one of the important functions of basal ganglia seems to be the gating of sensory input for motor control

the perception and response to pain are severely impacted by SE to stressors in some animal models AS increases pain sensitivity which is termed stressinduced hyperalgesia sih the insular cortex ic and ACC acc which are typically activated by noxious stimuli affect pain perception through the descending pain modulatory system in the present study we examined the expression of phosphocamp CREB protein pcreb and early growth response egr in the ic and acc at h the acute phase of peripheral tissue inflammation T3 CFA cfa injection in naïve rats and rats preconditioned with forced swim AS fs to clarify the effect of fs a stressor on cortical cell MICs in the rats showing sih induced by fs the cfa i.t. into the hindpaw induced mechanical hypersensitivity and increased the expression of the pcreb and egr in the ic and acc at h T3 the injection fs day min days min prior to the cfa i.t. enhanced the cfainduced mechanical hypersensitivity and att the increase in the expression of pcreb and egr in the ic and acc these findings suggested that fs modulates the cfa injectioninduced neuroplasticity in the ic and acc to enhance the mechanical hypersensitivity these findings are thought to signify stressorinduced dysfunction of the descending pain modulatory system

during infection and inflammation macrophages play a pivotal role in the generation of inflammatory mediators and regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses they also contribute to resolution of inflammation it is generally accepted that monocytes are relatively short living cells which die spontaneously in the absence of AGA stimuli proinflammatory AF like lipopolysaccharide lps are known to enhance survival of Th1 monocytes and the signals released from cells within the inflammatory site result in local accumulation of a population of activated macrophages GCs and adenosine are thought to play a role on the inflammatory macrophages MLC were activated with lps in the presence of glucocorticoids gc or adenosine glucocorticoid suppressed the nitric oxide and cytokine response associated with lps activation of macrophages while adenosine down regulated cytokine response signaling mechanism may be different depending upon receptor activation

the use of drypowder inhalers dpis to administer and many clinically used drugs however little is known about the mu orthologue oatpb we determined expression of mouse oatpb mrna and protein using RT pcr and western blot analysis interestingly mrna transcripts and protein were detectable in a number of tissues including kidney and stomach and not surprisingly the highest expression was noted in liver cloning of the full coding region of oatpb revealed the presence of two novel splice SCV interestingly these SVs were significantly expressed in organs such as the kidney but much less in liver rat expression of the FL oatpb cdna revealed that TC estrone sulfate estradiol betaglucuronide and PV are substrates of this transporter the newly identified SVs were unable to significantly transport ATP EDC due to defects in cell surface trafficking our findings of murine oatpb expression and function will likely aid in better defining species related differences in oatp transporter CF and the use of mouse models to predict hepatic drug disposition in humans

threequarters of in vivo and onethird of in vitro fertilized bovine eggs reached blastocyst stage when cultured on tubal cell monolayers tcm but no hatching occurred in b medium supplemented with estrous ECS when T3 days of culture on tcm morulae were transferred on endometrial cell monolayers ucm the same proportion of blastocysts was obtained and onethird of them hatched histological studies of hatched blastocysts showed that the number of inner cells was significantly lower than in hatched blastocysts recovered in vivo days after ovulation moreover the number of pycnotic cells was higher than normal although mitosis were present on the contrary there was no difference in either the number or the appearance of trophoblastic cells between blastocysts obtained in vitro a in the malaria group it is suggested that the increase in transferrin concentration in the sera of malaria subjects probably resulted from an increase in the rate of transferrin synthesis perhaps in response to the raised serum iron andor the hypoxia which is known to be associated with malaria infection

EV ev is a rare genetic disorder characterized by increased susceptibility to specific human papillomaviruses the betapapillomaviruses these evhpvs cause warts and increase the risk of skin carcinomas in otherwise HI inactivating mutations in EV ever or ever have been identified in most but not all patients with autosomal recessive ev we found that young adult siblings presenting with t cell deficiency and various infectious diseases including persistent evhpv infections were homozygous for a mutation creating a stop codon in the ras homolog gene family member h rhoh gene rhoh encodes an atypical rho gtpase expressed predominantly in hematopoietic cells patients circulating t cells contained predominantly effector SM t cells which displayed impaired tcr signaling additionally very few circulating t cells expressed the β integrin subunit which homes t cells to specific tissues similarly rhohnull mice exhibited a severe overall t cell defect and abnormally small numbers of circulating βpositive cells expression of the wt but not of the mutated rhoh allele in rhoh hematopoietic stem cells corrected the t cell lymphopenia in mice T3 bone marrow transplantation we conclude that rhoh deficiency leads to t cell defects and persistent evhpv infections suggesting that t cells play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic evhpv infections

asthma is a heterogeneous disease and OD of novel therapeutics requires an understanding of pathophysiologic phenotypes the purpose of the adept T0 wsly reported that advanced glycation end products G1 rhoassociated protein kinase and p mitogenactivated protein kinase causing EC hyperpermeability however the mechanisms involved were not fully clarified here we explored the role of myosin light chain kinase in T3 glycation end productinduced EC hyperpermeability MLCP significantly increased by advanced glycation end products in EC cells in a time and dosedependent manner indicating that myosin CS chain phosphorylation is involved in the advanced glycation end product pathway advanced glycation end products also induced S1 phosphatasetargeting S1 phosphorylation and si rna knockdown of the receptor for advanced glycation end products or blocking myosin light chain kinase with its inhibitor ml or si rna abated advanced glycation end productinduced S1 CS chain phosphorylation T3 glycation end productinduced factin rearrangement and endothelial hyperpermeability were also diminished by inhibition of receptor for advanced glycation end product or myosin light chain kinase signalling moreover inhibiting S1 light chain kinase with ml or blocking receptor for T3 glycation end product with its NT antibody att T3 glycation end productinduced microvascular hyperpermeability our findings suggest a novel role for myosin light chain and myosin light chain kinase in advanced glycation end productinduced endothelial hyperpermeability

to investigate the role of ERK erk pathway activation in the testicular injury induced by dibutyl DHP dbp in km mice

recent evidence suggests the existence of several endogenous nakatpase inhibitors in mammals previously we have shown that the amphibian nakatpase inhibitor MBG dihydroxyepoxy bufodienolide acts as a vasoconstrictor in isolated rat and human arteries rat plasma was shown to contain marinobufageninlike immunoreactive material which is responsive to saline VE the present study describes purification of a bufodienolide which is similar to MBG from the urine of patients MI with the use of thinlayer chromatography and RP highperformance liquid chromatography hplc the purified substance crossreacted with MBG antibody demonstrated maximal uv absorbance at nm characteristic of bufodienolides and eluted from hplc columns with the same retention time as marinobufagenin mass spectrometry of purified material revealed the presence of a substance indistinguishable from amphibian marinobufagenin and having molecular mass of d the present studies show that one of the human digitalislike factors may have a bufodienolide structure and is likely to represent MBG or its isomer and they suggest a role for this substance in the pathogenesis of MI

the aging process is one of the best examples of the effects of a deterioration of homeostasis since aging is accompanied by an impairment of the physiological systems including the homeostatic systems such as the immune system we propose an integrative theory of aging providing answers to the how oxidation where first mitochondria of differentiated cells and why pleiotropic genes this process occurs in PA with this oxidationmitochondrial theory of aging we have observed that the agerelated changes of immune functions have as their basis an oxidative and inflammatory stress situation which has among its intracellular mechanisms the activation of nfkappab in immune cells moreover we have also observed that several functions of immune cells are good markers of biological age and predictors of longevity based on the above we have proposed the theory of oxidationinflammation as the main cause of aging accordingly the chronic oxidative stress that appears with age affects all cells and especially those of the regulatory systems such as the nervous endocrine and immune systems and the ctigated whether automated AED aed in a combat setting would improve this crucial VL

heart rate CR has been conceptualized at least implicitly as a unidimensional construct ranging from low to high reflecting individual differences in adrenergic CR to daily stressors however an individuals classification as high in HR rate CR ignores possible individual differences in the autonomic origins of this CR sixtyeight women were exposed to orthostatic and speech stressors to determine the psychometric properties postural stability convergent and discriminant validity of heart rate preejection period and RSA results revealed that a basal AS simple CR stress baseline and residualized NC indices of HR rate preejection period and RSA were stable across postures and b HR rate CR was significantly related to preejection period and RSA CR whereas the latter two measures were unrelated reactivity classifications may therefore be significantly improved by attention to concurrent estimates of the activity of both autonomic branches

nonhodgkin lymphomas nhl account for approximately of neoplasms in patients with ataxia telangiectasia at prognosis is poor published data regarding the treatment of nhl in patients with at suggested that these children respond poorly to therapy the authors report on an infant with at with mediastinal highgrade tnhl who remained in CCR T3 chemotherapy diagnosis of at was established T3 tumor diagnosis

the total number of kidney grafts performed in scandiatransplant is of which are from the WL seems to be SD at approx patients the correlation of hlaa b matching and GS is highly significant rd and th grafts have a much lower survival than st and nd overall results have decreased somewhat during the years

bone weight defined as the total weight of the bones in all the forequarter and hindquarter joints can reflect somebody conformation traits and skeletal diseases to gain a better understanding of the genetic determinants of bone weight we used a composite strategy including multimarker and raremarker association to perform genomewide association studies gwas for that character in simmental cattle our strategy consisted of three models i a traditional linear mixed model lmm was applied qklmm ii single nucleotide polymorphisms snps with pvalues less than from the lmm were selected to undergo the least absolute shrinkage and selector operator lasso in the second stage lmmlasso iii genes containing two or more rare snps were examined by performing the CS kernel association test genebased skat a total of cattle were genotyped with an illumina bovinehd beadchip containing snps T3 the qualitycontrol procedures individuals with common snps and rare snps with minor S2 frequency maf remained in the sample for analysis a traditional lmm successfully mapped three genes associated with bone weight while lmmlasso identified nine genes which included all genes found by traditional lmm only a single gene ephb surpassed the significance threshold aflve the problem of lornithine FB inhibition for Orn acetyltransferase alternatively the genes arga from escherichia coli and arge from serratia marcescens encoding the enzymes nacetyl glutamate synthase and nacetyllornithine deacetylase respectively were introduced into corynebacterium crenatum to mimic the linear pathway of Orn biosynthesis fermentation of the resulting strain in a l bioreactor allowed a dramatically increased production of Orn gl with an overall productivity of glh over h this demonstrates that an increased level of transacetylation is beneficial for Orn biosynthesis

nitric oxide no plays an important role in acute ICM preconditioning ipc in addition to activating soluble guanylyl cyclase sgccyclic guanosine monophosphate cgmpprotein kinase g pkg signaling pathways nomediated protein snitrosylation sno has been recently shown to play an essential role in cardioprotection against ischemiareperfusion ir injury in our previous studies we have shown that ipcinduced cardioprotection could be blocked by treatment with either nnitrolarginine methyl ester lname a cNOS inhibitor or ascorbate a reducing agent to decompose sno to clarify nomediated sgccgmppkgdependent or independent ie sno signaling involved in ipcinduced cardioprotection mouse NF were langendorffperfused in the dark to prevent sno decomposition by light SE treatment with hoxadiazoloaquinoxalinone odq a highly selective inhibitor of sgc or kt a potent and selective inhibitor of pkg did not abolish ipcinduced acute protection suggesting that the sgccgmppkg signaling pathway does not play an important role in nomediated cardioprotective signaling during acute ipc in addition treatment with odq in ipc hearts provided an additional protective effect on PET recovery in parallel with a higher sno level in these odqipc hearts in conclusion these results suggest that the protective effect of no is not related primarily to activation of the sgccgmppkg signaling pathway but rather through sno signaling in ipcinduced acute cardioprotection

a yearold male had suffered from body WL and general malaise for months ABD computed tomography showed a dilated intrahepatic duct with stones and a hypodense nodular mass in the SP a splenectomy and DP were performed under the preoperative impression of a malignancy histological examination of the specimens revealed tuberculosis

the concentrationtime profile of fluorouracil fu in serum of patients during continuous infusion of fu for five days was investigated the coadministration of each of million units IFN ifn on day and of the infusion causes an accumulation of fu in the SS at about on day in compare to the control day of infusion without ifn on day of the infusion the mean fu serum concentrations are about higher than on day with a level of probability ranging from p to p mean aucvalues increase from ngmlh day to ngmlh day p and subsequently to ngmlh on day p ifn causes an decrease of the total body clearance from mlh day to mlh on day and to mlh on day p respectively there might exist a linear correlation between the order of magnitude of the fu SS concentrations and its pharmacokinetic parameters on day and and the administration of ifn because a close correlation ranging from r to r have been found in regression analysis

diabetesinduced visual dysfunction is associated with significant neuroretinal cell death the current study was designed to investigate the role of the protein regulated in OD and dna damage response redd in diabetesinduced retinal cell death and visual dysfunction we recently demonstrated that redd protein expression was elevated in response to HG in the retina of diabetic rodents redd is an important regulator of akt and rat TOR and as such plays a key role in neuronal CF and survival in r retinal cells in SC hyperglycemic conditions enhanced redd protein expression concomitant with caspase activation and cell death by contrast in redddeficient r cells neither hyperglycemic conditions nor the absence of insulin in culture medium were sufficient to promote cell death in the retinas of streptozotocininduced diabetic mice retinal apoptosis was dramatically elevated compared with nondiabetic controls whereas no difference was observed in diabetic and nondiabetic redddeficient mice electroretinogram abnormalities observed in bwave and OPs of diabetic WT were also absent in redddeficient mice moreover diabetic WT exhibited functional deficiencies in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity whereas diabetic redddeficient mice had no visual dysfunction the results support a role for redd in diabetesinduced retinal neurodegeneration

in laboratory bioassays males of matsucoccus resinosae from pinus resinosa in new york and matsucoccus n sp from pinus thunbergiana in korea were strongly attracted to crude hexane extracts of m resinosae females and m resinosae males responded strongly to extracts of matsucoccus n sp females males of the two species responded similarly to GC fractions and subfractions of a pentane extract of m resinosae females sex pheromones of these two species appear to be the same or very similar

primary peritonitis or SBP is a highly morbid and often fatal complication of cirrhosis and other conditions associated with ascites prompt antibiotic therapy may be lifesaving as may early surgical MI in patients who have signs and symptoms of an acute abdomen during a year period patients had episodes of primary peritonitis diagnosed in our hospital three patients had exploratory laparotomy and grampositive organisms were obtained from peritoneal fluid in two patients the clinical features pathophysiology and natural courses of these patients are presented and the current literature reviewed

dna amplification is a pervasive phenomenon in continuous cell lines and in tumours it can occur in many different parts of the genome with VHF and a very large amount of dna probably including many genes is often involved in a single amplification event in tumours it is likely that a common mechanism underlies the amplification of genes which confer drug resistance and genes which give a growth advantage to the tumour dna amplification may be caused by defects in the regulation of dna replication and similar defects may lead to other chromosomal CA such as translocations inversions and heteroploidy two recent observations should facilitate identification and T0 of the underlying defects agents or treatments which damage dna can increase the rate of amplification and mutant cell lines can be selected which amplify their dna at a greatly increased frequency

hemodialysis hd has been associated with an increase in the amplitude of qrs complexes experience in a single patient with multiple measurements has shown that hd leads also to augmentation of pwave amplitude the objective of this investigation was to evaluate electrocardiogram ecg changes with hd in a cohort of patients undergoing this procedure with particular emphasis on the pwave and qrs complex changes the sum of amplitudes of p waves op and qrs complexes oqrs in millimeters in the leads of the ecg along with a host of other ecg parameters body weight blood pressure HR rate electrolytes and hemoglobinhematocrit were measured before and immediately T3 hd in patients hemodialysis resulted in a loss of a mean of kg of weight and an increase in the sigmap sigmaqrs mean qrs duration maximum pwave duration and pwave duration measured in lead ii whereas the changes in mean pwave and QTc interval durations were not statistically significant percentage change delta in sigmap and sigmaqrs correlated poorly with delta in electrolytes hematocrit blood pressure heart rate and weight values for sigmap and sigmaqrs vs weight were r p and r p respectively the delta in sigmap correlated well with delta in sigmaqrs r p alterations in pwave amplitudes and duration commensurate with the ones affecting the corresponding qrs complexes occur in patients undergoing hd and indicate that evaluation of measurements in serial ecgs should take this into account the mechanisms of these phenomena continue to be elusive and whether they represent cardiac andor extracardiac influences has not as yet been unraveled

doping elements in hematite nanostructures is a promising approach to improve the photoelectrochemical pec watersplitting performance of hematite photoanodes however uniform doping with precise control on doping amount and morphology is the L1 challenge for quantitatively investigating the pec watersplitting enhancement here we report on the design and synthesis of uniform titanium tidoped hematite nanorods with precise control of the ti amount and morphology for highly effective pec water splitting using an ALD assisted solidstate diffusion method we found that ti doping promoted band bending and increased the carrier density as well as the surface state remarkably these uniformly doped hematite nanorods exhibited high pec performance with a pronounced photocurrent density of macm at v vs reversible hydrogen electrode rhe and macm at v vs rhe respectively furthermore asprepared tidoping hematite nanorods performed excellent repeatability and durability over of the asfabricated photoanodes reproduced the steady photocurrent density of macm at v vs rhe at least h in a strong ALP electrolyte solution

the action of a NT bont commences by binding at the nerve terminal via its h heavy chain to a cellsurface receptor which consists of a ganglioside and a cellsurface protein binding enables the lchain a zndependent endopeptidase to be internalized and act intracellularly cleaving one or more snare soluble NSF attachment protein receptor proteins required for vesicle docking and F0 which results in reduced neurotransmitter PR sprouts emerge at motornerve terminals that reestablish synaptic contact and lead to restoration of exocytosis as the terminals recover sprouts retreat and synaptic CF is fully reestablished neutralizing antibodies abs induced by vaccination can prevent the neuronal changes produced by bont until recently vaccines against bont have been based on toxins inactivated by treatment with formaldehyde toxoids and contain either one monovalent or five pentavalent toxoids but formalinbased toxoids have many undesirable SE availability of the gene sequences of bont serotypes enabled design of recombinant S1 vaccines that have included the CTD of the h chain hc its subdomains hcn and hcc the l catalytic chain and the lchain expressed with the translocation domain lchn of these the hc displays the highest protective ability recent vaccines have used whole toxins inactivated by three key mutations at the enzyme active site which have been found to be very effective in mice against the correlated toxin immune responses to bonts a and b epitopes are under the hosts mhc L1 histocompatibility complex control antibonta blocking abs bind at sites that coincide or overlap with those that bind synaptosomes and to bontb at sites that overlap with synaptotagminii and gangliosidebinding sirvey a total of of the F1 underwent DE xray absorptiometry dxa at age years whole body minus head bone area ba bone mineral content bmc areal bone mineral density abmd and estimated volumetric bmd vbmd volumetric bone mineral density was estimated using bmc adjusted for ba height and weight a higher velocity of to week fetal femur growth was strongly associated with greater childhood skeletal size ba r p but not with volumetric density vbmd r p conversely a higher velocity of to week fetal ABD growth was associated with greater childhood volumetric density vbmd r p but not with skeletal size ba r p both fetal measurements were positively associated with bmc and abmd indices influenced by both size and density the velocity of fetal femur length growth from to weeks gestation predicted childhood skeletal size at age years whereas the velocity of abdominal growth a measure of liver volume and adiposity predicted volumetric density these results suggest a discordance between influences on skeletal size and volumetric density

four human genes two of them encoding the proalpha and proalpha chains of COL1A1 and two of them the two types of subunit of prolyl hydroxylase ph were integrated into the genome of pichia pastoris the proalpha and proalpha chains expressed formed COL1A1 molecules with the correct chain ratio and the ph subunits formed an AS enzyme tetramer that fully hydroxylated the proalpha chains chains lacking their n but not c propeptides formed pccollagen molecules with the chain ratio and surprisingly the expression levels of pccollagen were fold relative to those of procollagen both types of molecule could be converted by pepsin treatment to collagen molecules that formed nativetype fibrils in vitro the expression C2 obtained for the pccollagen using only single copies of each of the four genes and a l fermenter ranged up to gl indicating that it should be possible to optimize this system for highlevel production of recombinant human type i collagen for numerous medical applications

daily patterns of behavior and physiology in animals in temperate zones often differ substantially between summer and winter in mammals this may be a direct consequence of seasonal changes of activity of the SCN nucleus scn the purpose of this study was to understand such R2 on the basis of the interaction between pacemaker neurons computer simulation demonstrates that mutual electrical activation between pacemaker cells in the scn in combination with cellular electrical activation by light is sufficient to explain a variety of circadian phenomena including seasonal changes these phenomena are selfexcitation that is spontaneous OD of circadian rhythmicity in the absence of a L/D cycle persistent rhythmicity in DD and loss of circadian rhythmicity in pacemaker output in constant light entrainment to lightdark cycles aftereffects of zeitgeber cycles with different periods adjustment of the circadian patterns to day length generation of realistic phase PRC to light pulses and relative independence from daytoday variation in CS intensity in the model subsets of cells turn out to be AS at specific times of day this is of PET importance for the exploitation of the scn to tune specific SMB to specific times of day thus a network of onoff oscillators provides a simple and plausible construct that behaves as a clock with readout for time of day and simultaneously as a clock for all seasons

in this study a simple and green approach was developed to produce a novel nanogel via selfassembly of low density lipoproteins ldl and sodium CM cellulose cmc to efficiently deliver doxorubicin dox to cancer cells under optimal conditions the SD nanogels were of spherical shape with an average diameter of about nm pdi and a zeta potential mv furthermore the cationic anticancer drug doxorubicin dox was effectively encapsulated into ldlcmc nanogels with an exceptionally high EE of ∼ the release of dox from doxldlcmc nanogels was phdependent and dox was released at a quicker rate at ph than at ph importantly the doxldlcmc nanogels were shown to effectively kill CA cells in vitro the ic of the doxldlcmc nanogels in hela and hepg cells was approximately and times higher than that of free dox the slightly reduced antitumor efficacy was primarily due to the less cellular uptake of the doxldlcmc nanogels which was confirmed by CLSM clsm and FC analysis the high dox payload and phdependent drug PR rendered ldlcmc nanogels as an efficient carrier for doxorubicin and possibly be used for other cationic drugs in different biomedical applications

we present a case of visceral ischemia due to an anatomic versus balloon length mismatch an yearold women underwent elective PD bypass graft surgery the direct postoperative period was complicated by low cardiac SO not responding to inotropic or V1 drugs an intraaortic balloon pump iabp was inserted during an explorative rethoracotomy the first days an improvement of the hemodynamic function was seen during this period hepatic dysfunction renal failure with need for hemodialysis and rising values of SS lactate were seen a computed tomography ct of the chest and abdomen showed splenic infarction ascites and signs of gastric and intestinal ischemia the iabp was blocking the CT the superior CMA and the renal arteries and was immediately removed the patient died shortly T3 due to multiple organ failure to prevent ICM complications in smaller patients we advise a followup ct T3 placement of the iabp

we designed this T0 to determine the effect of the MC on the HDR to tracheal intubation ti sixtytwo asa i women who were either in the follicular phase group f n or luteal phase group l n of their menstrual cycle were included in the T0 patients received propofol and ROC for intubation hemodynamic variables were recorded before administration of the iv anesthetic as well as after ti rate pressure products were calculated groups were similar in terms of demographic data rate pressure products values at the first minute T3 ti were significantly increased in group l than were those in group f p we conclude that the phase of the MC is an important factor in the hemodynamic response to ti

to measure the proportion of cases of RP rp caused by mutations in the peripherinrds rds and rom genes

in this T0 the effects of dimethyl sulfoxide dmso on the spontaneous aging of ovulated murine oocyte were evaluated in vitro when ovulated oocytes were cultured continuously in vitro without fertilization stimulation they e RNA finnish nonconsanginous families identified a locus on q hlod this region contains the igfr gene which encodes the type insulinlike growth factor receptor igfr haplotype segregation analysis revealed that a kb snp core segment within the igfr gene was shared identicalbystate ibs in five families a followup casecontrol study in an independent sample representing the more general finnish population showed an association of a snp igfr haplotype with sptb in the fetuses providing further evidence for igfr as a sptb predisposition GF in cases versus controls versus p odds ratio this study demonstrates the identification of a predisposing lowfrequency haplotype in a multifactorial trait using a wellcharacterized population and a combination of family and casecontrol designs our findings support the ID of the novel susceptibility gene igfr for predisposition by the fetal genome to being born preterm

we report on a highdose radioiodine therapy T3 i.t. of rhTSH rhtsh in a yold woman with compression of the spinal cord caused by metastasis of a follicular thyroid carcinoma fourteen years ago the patient underwent subtotal thyroidectomy because of multinodular goiter without any histologic evidence for malignant disease and the patient was put on thyroxine substitution micro gd in april she developed paralysis of the right leg morphologic imaging revealed spinal compression caused by a spaceoccupying lesion within the thoracic spine subsequent biopsy and histology demonstrated metastasis of a follicular TC therefore highdose radioiodine therapy was scheduled T3 wk of hormone withdrawal within a few days of being off thyroxine the patients paralytic PS worsened rapidly the patient was again put on thyroxine micro gd and highdose radioiodine therapy under stimulation with rhtsh was performed without any SE the second highdose radioiodine therapy mo later again performed under stimulation with rhtsh showed significantly less iodine avidity and thyroglobulin C2 fell from micro gl to micro gl thereby demonstrating therapeutic efficacy thus rhtsh might be used as a tool not only in the diagnostic application but also in the therapeutic application of i

automated AED are essential for treatment of cardiac arrest by lay rescuers and must determine when to shock and if they are functioning correctly we seek to characterize AED failures reported to the food and drug administration fda and whether battery failures are properly detected by AEDs

the question of tau of planned ND following complete response to chemoradiation of head and neck cancer is discussed there is general agreement that preemptive ND in patients who present initially with low volume n neck disease is not necessary however routine performance of planned ND for patients who present initially with high volume or n disease remains controversial the authors reviewed a large number of studies reported in the recent literature and discuss how they affect this debatetwentyfour of the reviewed studies indicate a benefit in regional control obtained by planned ND among patients who had bulky neck disease pretreatment all these studies are retrospective they do not assess treatment response prior to surgery although they do show very good regional control rates twentysix studies demonstrate no benefit from planned ND T3 CR clinical response the reasons for these different conclusions include the OD of more ERP chemoradiation regimens which have improved the initial LRC rates of patients undergoing primary chemoradiation treatment and improvements in diagnostic technology which have increased ability to detect low volume persistent tumor in the post treatment period when ND is necessary for persistent or recurrent disease recent studies have shown that selective or superselective ND may produce results therapeutically equivalent to those obtained with more extensive procedures with less morbiditythere is now a C1 body of evidence based on longterm clinical outcomes that patients who have achieved a CR clinical including radiologic response to chemoradiation have a low rate of isolated neck failure and the continued use of planned ND for these patients cannot be justified

medical capsule devices such as video capsule endoscopes are finding increasing use in clinical applications at present technologies capable of measuring capsule position in the digestive tract have not yet been established the present T0 aims to develop a small wireless position sensor capable of measuring capsule position based on the phenomenon of mutual induction currents into primary coils are adjusted to maintain EMF induced in secondary coils at a constant level electromotive forces induced in the AA coils are modulated to fm signals using an astable multivibrator and the signals are passed directly through living tissue at low current and then demodulated by detectors on the surface of the body a prototype wireless sensor was developed and evaluated in vitro the sensor was capable of accurately measuring capsule position up to mm from the primary coils with an accuracy of mm miniaturization of the sensor is necessary for commercialization

analyses of cytokines mediating ine is reported in cross sectional studies and are without time dependent evolution of these profiles the aim of this T0 was to evaluate during the first year the evolution of the haemostatic hemorheologic and inflammatory profiles determined at hospital discharge in survivors with TMI mi eighty eight male female mean age of years survivors of a transmural mi were prospectively studied at discharge months and one year T3 the event haemostatic protein c AT iii and plasminogen activator inhibitor hemorheologic blood fluidity and components and inflammatory profiles polymorphonuclear PE and leukocyte count were determined using standard methodology the results of the T0 can be summarized as follows protein c decreased p over time while pai only varied significantly until th month PV and fibrinogen p decrease over time while erythrocyte aggregation p and haematocrit increased whole blood viscosity did not vary leukocyte decreased p and PE did not those patients with cardiovascular events n had higher pai concentration p and leukocyte count p at discharge LV ejection fraction correlated significantly with plasma viscosity r p the results of this longitudinal study show dynamic modifications of the haemostatic hemorheologic and inflammatory profiles during the first year of a TMI in addition there are interrelations between them and the clinical profile that could help to explain the clinical evolution of this group of patients

improved dental hygiene has decreased the incidence of dental caries and focused attention on periodontal diseases gingivitis is the inflammation andor ulceration of GT caused by anaerobic bacteria IR produces a variety of oxygen species from the water in our tissues each is highly toxic for anaerobic the hypothesis is low dose irradiation should be an ERP treatment for gingivitis

the clonogenic activity of PT and blood marrow cells has been studied in experiments on cba balbc and B6 mice with the ehrlich adenocarcinoma and lewis lung CS treated with adaptogenic drugs of rhodiola rosea extract a synthetic analog of rhodiola phenol derivative methyluracil and their combinations with cyclophosphamide the extract and derivative are shown to protect the myelopoietic tissue from the toxic action of cyclophosphamide retaining or increasing the suppressive effect of the latter towards clonogenic PT cells these data can be the reason for using the extract and derivative during the antitumor chemotherapy as biological response modifiers

pancreatic duct epithelial cells pdec mediate the secretion of fluid and electrolytes and are exposed to refluxed bile in nontransformed cultured dog pdec which express many ion transport pathways of pdec mm taurodeoxycholic acid tdca stimulated an i efflux inhibited by dids and nitrophenylpropylaminobenzoic acid nppb and a rb efflux inhibited by charybdotoxin inhibition by bisaminophenoxyethanennnntetraacetic acid baptaam suggests mediation via increased intracellular ca concentration whereas the absence of LDH excludes cellular toxicity at mm tdca stimulated a larger i efflux than glycodeoxycholate two dihydroxy bile acids taurochenodeoxycholate and tdca were similarly ERP whereas a trihydroxy bile acid taurocholate was ineffective in ussing chambers mm serosal or mm luminal tdca stimulated an isc increase from confluent pdec monolayers tdca also stimulated a SCC isc increase from basolaterally permeabilized pdec subject to a serosaltoluminal cl gradient that was inhibited by baptaam dids and nppb and an isc increase from apically permeabilized pdec subject to a luminaltoserosal k gradient inhibited by baptaam and charybdotoxin along with the efflux studies these findings suggest that tdca interacts directly with pdec to stimulate caactivated apical cl channels and basolateral k channels ML transepithelial resistance was only minimally affected by mm serosal and mm luminal tdca but decreased after SE to higher tdca concentrations mm serosal and mm luminal a secretory role for bile acids should be considered in pancreatic diseases associated with bile reflux

occurrence of the second MB canal mb is a frequent finding literary reports have shown it to be found more in the cases of the maxillary first molar however the maxillary second molars have also been found with this R2 in a number of canals this paper presents a case report on the occurrence of a second MB canal or the mb in the maxillary M2

hypoxemia is a frequent occurrence in patients with severe hepatic disease multiple mechanisms have been implicated in the production of such hypoxemia the case of a yearold man with cyanosis clubbing and cirrhosis is presented physiologic data from this patient revealed normal pulmonary CF except for a low diffusing capacity and a percent shunt while the patient was breathing percent oxygen a perfusion scan with radioactive mtechnetiumlabelled MAA revealed percent of the labelled macroaggregated albumin in the systemic circulation postmortem examination demonstrated normal pulmonary parenchyma markedly dilated intraparenchymal capillaries and arterioles subpleural angiomata and cirrhosis no anatomic arteriovenous connections were demonstrated before or T3 death we conclude that the arterial hypoxemia of some patients with hepatic cirrhosis results from dilated gasexchanging blood vessels these widened vessels prevent end pulmonary capillary oxygen tension from reaching equilibrium with AM gas perhaps because of the widened distance for diffusion

a yearold woman with breast cancer received fec treatment fu mgm epirubicin mgm and cyclophosphamide mgm every weeks as preoperative chemotherapy fifteen days after her third cycle of fec she developed a cold diplopia occurred days T3 developing the cold and progressive paresthesia of the hands and weakness of the limbs occurred she had ophthalmoplegia ataxia and are flexia and was diagnosed with miller fisher syndrome mfs the cause of mfs during chemotherapy is believed to be caused by an immunological response to infection or drug neurotoxicity in our case since the patient underwent an antecedent upper respiratory infection in the period of myelosuppression her mfs was probably induced by the immunoreaction associated with this infection our patient underwent IVIG after initiation of the treatment her neurological symptoms improved then she received a fourth cycle of fec and her remaining neurological PS did not worsen thus we report a rare case of mfs developed in IS by chemothe

the antigenic composition of an extract of rat dust as a source of aeroallergens for ratsensitive individuals has been investigated and compared to the antigenic composition of rat saliva and urine of four main antigenic peaks identified by crossed immunoelectrophoresis one antigenic peak ag was demonstrated to be antigenically closely related to and with similar molecular weight approximately kd and isoelectric point values as urinary Pr already recognized as a L1 rat allergen ag was present in all dusts studied and was also identified as a minor component of saliva however no component with the same electrophoretic mobility or physicochemical characteristics of the alpha euglobulin of male rat urine that shares partial identity with the Pr was detected even in dust collected from a male rat room a second high molecular weight greater than kd component ag present in most of the dust extracts could not be detected in either urine or saliva crossed immunoelectrophoresis and SPTs confirmed the allergenicity of both these antigens analysis of an air filter sample taken within a male rat room revealed significant amounts of the Pr component and a monospecific a whom weighed below kg in infants below kg rickets was significantly more common in the group not receiving extra p and ca after diagnosis all were substituted and radiographic healing occurred in all serum ca concentrations were normal in both CG whereas SS p was significantly lower in nonsupplemented patients SS ALP phosphatases alp were normal in all patients at the time of diagnosis demonstrating the risk of using alp as a diagnostic test for rickets in very low BW

in settings of high MRSA mrsa prevalence detection of nosocomial transmission events can be difficult without CS typing prospective typing of all mrsa isolates could potentially identify transmission in a timely fashion making infection control responses to outbreaks more effective we describe the development and DUE of a novel target binary typing system for mrsa using the multiplexpcrreverse L1 blot hybridization platform pulsefield gel PACE pfge spa typing and phagederived open reading frame pdorf typing were performed for comparison the system was utilized to identify transmission events in three GA surgical wards over a month period initial mrsa isolates from patients were differentiated into unique binary types one or more potential contacts colonized with the same mrsa strain were identified in of cases in which definite or possible nosocomial mrsa acquisition had occurred the discriminatory SP of the typing system was similar to that of pfge simpsons index of diversity d versus and higher than that of spa typing d CS typing reduced the total number of potential mrsacolonized source contacts from to and revealed temporal clustering of transmission events prospective mrsa typing using this novel binary typing method can rapidly identify nosocomial transmission events even in highprevalence settings which allows timely infection control interventions the system is rapid inexpensive discriminatory and suitable for routine highthroughput use in the hospital microbiology laboratory

the aim of this T0 was to elucidate the mechanisms behind the cellular toxicity of therapeutic concentrations of HU hu treatment of human t lymphoma cells ccrfcem with microm of hu for h decreased the growth rate by due to accumulation of cells in early s phase it induced a marked imbalance in both the dnaprotein cycle as measured by twoparameter FC and the dNTP dntp pools hu treatment did not enhance the frequency of dna singlestrand breaks ssbs as measured by the alkaline unwinding technique cell viability was unaffected however removal of hu led to cell loss during the following h period in parallel with increasing ssbs and a rapid progression of cells through s and g stages the unbalanced dna to protein content per cell and the dntp pools were normalized and h T3 removal of hu respectively these results show that marked changes in the dna to protein ratio and dntp pools alone are not directly lethal but when combined with a high RDS rate as found T3 removal of hu apparently lead to elevated cell death

the coexistence of cryoglobulinemia and c deficiency was found in one family twelve subjects were examined most of them being asymptomatic CG were found in members and its type was defined in of them having mixed igmigg and having monoclonal igm CG the concentration of the third component of the complement system was normal in subjects while the concentration of the fourth one was found to be below the lower limit of normal in subjects only c deficiencyand not cryoglobulinemiawas hlalinked there was no evidence of hbs antigenemia the results of this study are discussed in the light of the pertinent literature

in this study we describe application of highfrequency stimulation to the group ia afferenttomotoneuron synapse of cats to determine the extent to which regeneration of axotomized muscle afferents and MNs into skin or into muscle rescues their ability to generate excitatory postsynaptic potentials epsps the MG mg muscle nerve was transected and left chronically axotomized crossunited to the caudal cutaneous sural ccs nerve or selfunited the ability of the operated mg muscle afferents to generate epsps in normal lateral gastrocnemiussoleus lgs motoneurons and of normal lgs muscle afferents to generate epsps in the operated mg MNs was tested wk mo later epsps were generated by bursts of shocks at hz and averaged in register in normal cats epsp amplitude decreased negative modulation during these bursts in type s motoneurons and could increase or decrease in type f motoneurons positive or negative modulation after axotomy epsps generated both in axotomized MNs and by axotomized afferents showed only negative modulation during the burst and the negative modulation was much greater than in normal animals regeneration of the muscle nerve into skin significantly decreased the negative modulation relative to axotomy regeneration of the muscle nerve into muscle restored the epsp modulation behaviors even more to essentially normal values we conclude that the ability of muscle afferents to generate epsps in motoneurons in response to highfrequency stimulation and the ability of motoneurons to express those epsps are both influenced by the target innervated by those neurons synaptic tau is severely reduced by target ED axotomy partially rescued by crossregeneration into skin and rescued virtually completely by regeneration into the native muscle we speculate on the role of targetderived NTs in these effects

the pharmacologic properties of GABA acid gabainduced cl current icl were studied in the paratracheal GCs freshly dissociated from to dayold rat tr in a wholecell recording mode by the use of a conventional patchclamp technique gaba and muscimolinduced currents increased sigmoidally in a concentrationdependent manner and both currents reversed at approximately mv which was close to the cl ECl ecl str str at low concentration and BIC bic inhibited gaba response competitively whereas str at the higher concentrations benzylpenicillin pcg or PT ptx inhibited noncompetitively inhibition of gaba response by pcg but not other antagonists was Vc dependent indicating that pcg acts as a cl channel blocker the CR curve of PB pbinduced icl was bell shaped at concentrations higher than m both the peak and plateau currents decreased and a transient hump current appeared immediately T3 washing out pb in the presence of pb the concentrationresponse curve of gaba shifted toward left without changing the maximum response although diazepam dzp at concentration used did not induce a response it potentiated the gaba response in a concentrationdependent manner between and m dzp also caused a parallel shift toward left in the concentrationresponse curve of gaba pb or dzp further enhanced the gaba response in the presence of the other agent it is concluded that the properties of gabaa receptors in the paratracheal GCs are essentially similar to those reported in other preparations

enhanced SS iga concentrations are common in ALC but functional differences between iga subclasses and their relation with interleukin il have not been described distinct immunoregulatory mechanisms may exist that selectively affect one subclass this possibility prompted us to investigate the CSD of iga and iga subclasses in the SS of heavy alcohol drinkers alcohol to g per day without clinical disorders in comparison with patients affected by alcoholic liver cirrhosis VH patients and social drinkers as a control group mean sd iga concentration gl was significantly increased p in heavy alcohol drinkers with an igaiga ratio of while the mean total iga concentration was similar to the control group mean iga and iga concentrations were significantly increased p in alcoholic LC patients gl and gl respectively with an igaiga ratio of and VH patients gl and gl respectively with an igaiga ratio of high serum il concentrations ngl were correlated with elevated iga and iga concentrations only in patients with ALC iga subclass and igaiga ratio could therefore be used as markers of chronic AA directly related to the extent and duration of the AA and the effectiveness of alcohol withdrawal