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studies were conducted at the gynaecological hospital of jena university between and into perinatal mortality and morbidity in the context of childbirths from breech presentation unambiguous decline in uncleared perinatal mortality was characterised by a numerical drop from per cent in to per cent in cleared perinatal mortality went down similarly for the same period of time from per cent to per centuncleared perinatal mortality in the context of caesarean section was per cent while that related to vaginal delivery amounted to ten per cent the cleared figures after correction were and per cent the difference having been statistically secured with high significance a decisive role was played in that context by the introduction of selective section as of intranatal mortality has ever since dropped to zero as compared to per cent between and acidosis morbidity due to breech presentation was three times as high as that associated with cephalic delivery the apgar score was zero in per cent of all children born by VD therapeutic consequences are discussed

neuropsychological studies of patients with lesions of right FC PM or PPC often show severe impairments of attentive sensorimotor behavior such patients frequently manifest PS like hemispatial neglect or extinction interestingly these behavioral deficits occur across different sensory modalities and are often organized in head or bodycentered coordinates these NP data provide evidence for the existence of a network of polymodal areas in primate premotor and inferior PC representing visual spatial information in a nonretinocentric frame of reference in the monkey a highly modular structural and PET specialization has been demonstrated especially within PPC one such functionally specialized area is the ventral intraparietal area vip this area is located in the fundus of the intraparietal sulcus and contains many neurons that show polymodal directionally selective discharges ie these neurons respond to moving visual tactile vestibular or AEP stimuli many of these neurons also encode sensory information from different modalities in a common probably headcentered frame of REF PET imaging data on humans reveal a network of cortical areas that respond to polymodal stimuli conveying motion information one of these regions of activation is located in the depth of human intraparietal sulcus accordingly it is suggested that this area constitutes the human equivalent of monkey area vip the functional role of area vip for polymodal spatial perception in normals as well as the PET implications of lesions of area vip in parietal patients needs to be established in further experiments

FHM fhm is an AD AT1 of MA with half of the families being assigned to chromosome p we identified missense mutations in a brainspecific calcium channel alphaasubunit cacnaa gene on p segregating with fhm and truncating mutations in families with episodic ataxia type ea expansions of an intragenic cag repeat have been shown in autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia sca hence fhm ea and sca are allelic ion channel disorders we analyzed the phenotypegenotype relation in three unrelated fhm families with the calcium channel alphaasubunit gene mutations il two families and va one family we found mutations in all but three patients with fhm ie three phenocopies in addition the il mutation occurred in two patients with nonhemiplegic migraine and in one subject without migraine cerebellar ataxia was found in both families with the il mutation but not in the family with the va mutation we failed to find expansions of the intragenic cag repeat in fhm patients with cerebellar ataxia we conclude that the il mutation causes both fhm and cerebellar ataxia independent of the number of cag repeats the il mutation may also occur in normal migraine patients supporting the hypothesis that fhm is part of the migraine spectrum

to clarify the clinical significance of anticyclic anti-CCP antibody anticcp in the longterm outcome of ra we established a C1 observational cohort of ra patients iorra in our institute beginning in essentially all ra patients who consulted our institute were registered and clinical parameters including disease activity and drug use were assessed biannually based on patient reports physician examinations and laboratory data in the third phase october of the iorra survey anticcp levels were measured in ra patients in a crosssectional analysis clinical variables were compared in anticcppositive versus negative patients and in rfpositive versus negative patients in a longitudinal analysis subsequent progression of disability was analyzed in anticcppositive versus negative and in rfpositive versus negative patients a verified japanese version of the health assessment questionnaire jhaq was used to measure PET disability in the crosssectional analysis anticcppositive patients had a significantly longer disease duration and higher SLEDAI score and more frequently used corticosteroids and methotrexate compared to anticcpnegative patients statistically similar phenomena were noted between rfpositive and negative patients in contrast the longitudinal analysis revealed that jhaq slopesa measure of progression of functional disabilitywere strongly associated with anticcp positivity but not with rf positivity in a linear regression MM jhaq scores significantly worsened in anticcppositive patients compared to anticcpnegative patients at the third year annual progression p and the fifth year annual progression p however jhaq progression was not influenced by rf status anticcp is a better predictive and discriminative marker for progression of disability in the LT outcome of ra patients compared to rf

the effect of chromium cr on photosystem ii psii electron transport and the NC of proteins content within psii complex were investigated when lemna gibba was exposed to cr during h growth inhibition was found to be associated with an alteration of the psii electron transport at both psii oxidizing and reducing sides investigation of fluorescence yields at transients k j i and p suggested for cr inhibitory effect to be located at the OEC and qa reduction those crinhibitory effects were related to the NC of the turnover of psii d protein and the alteration of and kda proteins of the oxygenevolving complex the inhibition of the psii electron transport and the formation of reactive oxygen species induced by cr were highly correlated with the decrease in the content of d protein and the amount of and kda proteins therefore PET alteration of psii activity by cr was closely related with the structural change within psii complex

we are interested in the PN development of corticocortical connections in the cats VC in this study we injected the anterograde tracer hproline into visual CA of kittens aged d and AD cats to visualize the distribution of terminals of the association projections to Az a and the LS visual cortex the density of anterograde label was quantified using computerized image analysis there was dense labeling at topographically appropriate locations in area in animals of all ages in and dold kittens other extrastriate Az a and the LS SC contained only sparse label localized in a few solitary axons these areas were densely labeled in animals aged d or more in kittens aged d there was considerable widespread label within fibers located in the WG matter and many of these axons lay underneath regions of extrastriate and also striate cortex that were almost certainly not destined to be persistently innervated by cells at the injection site this DP of extensive white matter label was not seen in animals older than d in each extrastriate region from the earliest age at which we identified dense cortical innervation from area the terminals were distributed in clusters at first these patches were mainly in infragranular layers but later during the second and third postnatal weeks they began to appear in more SF laminae by d an adultlike distribution of terminals was found in each extrastriate area most fibers appeared to end in layers ii and iii in Az and a and centered on layer iv in the medial bank of the middle suprasylvian sulcus in AD cats we suggest that the OD of ipsilateral association projections from area to extrastriate cortex is a stage process first cells at a particular point in area send immature fibers in a nonspecific fashion through white matter towards a very wide area of extrastriate cortex second corticocortical axons penetrate extrastriate SC mainly in patches at topographically appropriate regions and grow to their targets in a specific fashion

identification of acute hepatitis a virus hav infection in a foodhandler in a london hotel led to a C1 incident response we identified three potentially exposed groups hotel staff who had regularly consumed food prepared by the case and shared toilet facilities with the case patients who shared the same hospital ward as the case and hotel guests who consumed food prepared by the case we arranged PE hav vaccination for all potentially exposed hotel staff and all patients we emailed guests advising them to seek medical care if symptomatic but did not advise vaccination as it was too late to be ERP for most guests through the international health regulations national focal points and the EU early S1 and response system ewrs we communicated the details of the incident to public health agencies and potential risk of hav transmission to international guests potentially exposed hotel staff and guests were asked to CR an online or telephoneadministered questionnaire days following possible exposure to identify any AA cases survey response was low with responses from guests and from hotel staff we identified no AA cases of hav infection through followup

a monthold female experienced a massive CBZ ingestion resulting in a peak serum CBZ concentration of microgml clinical manifestations included generalized seizures coma shock and gastrointestinal hypomotility gut decontamination was attempted using multipledose G1 charcoal and cathartics because of the severity of illness charcoal HP was initiated the patient underwent three sessions of charcoal hemoperfusion each utilizing a fresh cartridge with one session immediately following the other SS CBZ and carbamazepineepoxide concentrations decreased from microgml to microgml and microgml to microgml respectively during charcoal HP there were no complications the patient recovered completely and was discharged on the th hospital day charcoal HP should be considered for lifethreatening CBZ intoxication especially when druginduced gastrointestinal hypomotility prevents elimination via the gut

the majority of studies on the effects of wind energy development on wildlife have been focused on birds and bats whereas knowledge of the response of terrestrial nonflying vertebrates is very scarce in this paper the impact of three functioning wind farms on terrestrial small mammal communities rodents and shrews and the population parameters of the most abundant species were studied the T0 was carried out in southeastern poland within the foothills of the outer western carpathians small mammals were captured at CS around wind turbines and at control CS in total from trapdays individuals of studied mammal species were captured there was no difference in the characteristics of communities of small mammals near wind turbines and within control sites ie these types of sites were inhabited by a similar number of species of similar abundance similar species composition species diversity h index and species evenness j pielous index for the two species with the highest proportion in the communities apodemus agrarius and microtus arvalis the parameters of their populations mean body mass SR the proportion of adult individuals and the proportion of reproductive female were analysed in both species none of the analysed parameters differed significantly between CS in the vicinity of turbines and control CS for future studies on the impact of wind turbines on small terrestrial mammals in different geographical Az and different species communities we recommend the method of paired turbinecontrol sites as AGA for animal species with pronounced fluctuations in population numbers

proopiomelanocortin pomc is a polyprotein which is targeted to the regulated secretory pathway of neuroendocrine cells where it undergoes tissuespecific proteolysis to yield peptides such as adrenocorticotropic hormone betalipotropin and betaendorphin the proregion of pomc is CAA long with two disulfide bonds between cysteine residues and and and these cysteine residues are conserved across the species the proregion contains no known hormonal sequence sorting to the RSP is thought to involve targeting signals encoded in the structure of sec proteins in the present study we have examined the possibility that the disulfide bridges located in the nhterminal portion of the proregion of pomc are essential for maintaining a determinant involved in the sorting of pomc to the RSP using sitedirected and deletion mutagenesis of the porcine pomc cdna we created mutants in which one or both disulfide bridges were disrupted or in which the first CAA residues of the proregion were deleted recombinant retroviruses carrying the mutated pomc cdnas were used to infect neuroa cells immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy studies performed on infected cells revealed that the unmutated and mutated pomcimmunoreactive peptides were localized in densecore LDV at the tips of cellular extensions analysis of the pomcimmunoreactive peptides extracted from the infected neuroa cells indicated that the mutated precursors in which one disulfide bridge was disrupted pomcs or pomcs were stored and processed as efficiently as the unmutated pomc by contrast the mutated F0 in which both disulfide bridges were disrupted pomcs did not accumulate in intracellular compartments to the same extent as unmutated pomc moreover this mutant was very inefficiently processed and no release could be observed upon stimulation of the cells with kca these results suggest that pomcs entered the regulated secretory pathway less efficiently than the unmutated F0 however when both disulfide bridges were removed from the F0 from the F0 by deletion of the first amino acid residues of pomc the truncated precursor pomc delta behaved as the unmutated pomc taken together our results indicate that the nhterminal portion of the proregion including both disulfide bridges can be deleted without affecting the targeting of the molecule to sec granules however when the entire pomc CS is expressed in neuroa cells the proper folding of the nhterminal region might be important for efficient processing and targeting

the antibacterial activity of originally devised and synthesized organobismuth EDC was tested against fresh clinical isolates of helicobacter pylori and compared with clinically wellestablished inorganic Bi salts currently used in triple antibacterial treatment to eradicate h pylori the test conditions in vitro were standard for determination of MICs mics

ectoplasmic specializations are membranecytoskeletal assemblages found in sertoli cells at sites of attachment to elongate spermatids or neighboring sertoli cells they are characterized in part by the presence of a unique junctional plaque which contains a narrow layer of parallel actin bundles sandwiched between the sertoli cell plasma membrane and an affiliated cistern of endoplasmic reticulum using a monoclonal antibody we have identified espin a novel actinbinding protein localized to ectoplasmic specializations by immunogold electron microscopy espin was localized to the parallel actin bundles of ectoplasmic specializations at CS where sertoli cells contacted the heads of elongate spermatids the protein was also detected at the CS of ectoplasmic specializations between neighboring sertoli cells espin exhibits an apparent molecular mass of approximately kda in sds gels it is encoded by an approximately kb mrna which was found to be TPS to testis among the rat organs and tissues examined on the basis of cdna sequence espin is predicted to be an CAA protein which contains ankyrinlike repeats in its NT third a potential ploop two prolinerich MMP and two MMP which contain clusters of multiple glutamates bracketed by arginines lysines and glutamines in a DP reminiscent of the repetitive motif found in the protein trichohyalin the ankyrinlike repeats and a amino acid peptide in the c terminus show significant CS similarity to proteins encoded by the forked gene of drosophila a F0 protein containing the cterminal amino acids of espin was found to bind with high affinity kd approximately nm to factin in vitro with a stoichiometry of approximately espin per actin monomers when expressed by transfected nrk fibroblasts the same CTF of espin was observed to decorate actin fibers or cables on the basis of its structure localization and properties we hypothesize that espin is involved in linking actin filaments to each other or to CM thereby potentially playingcrease in il which again preceded the increase in crp however the up or downregulation of leukocyte CD18 and lselectin during and after surgery was not significantly correlated with the increase in il the increases in tat correlated well with the upregulation of lselectin on monocytes but not with the CD18 known to participate in the coagulation process in vitro the rise in crp was inversely correlated with the maximal increase in expression of mac on monocytes in conclusion the changes in leukocyte adhesion molecules during and T3 surgery indicate changes in critical leukocyte functions the lack of correlation between quantitative up and downregulation of leukocyte beta integrins and parameters of the acute phase response suggests that these processes are regulated through independent pathways or that functional up and downregulation of adhesion molecules shedding leukocyteendothelial adhesion and mobilization of new unactivated cells may result in a net estimate of leukocyte activation not suspected to be positively correlated to acutephase reactants

under excess illumination the photosystem ii lightharvesting antenna of higher plants has the ability to switch into an efficient photoprotective mode allowing safe dissipation of excitation energy into heat in this T0 we show induction of the energy dissipation state monitored by chlorophyll fluorescence quenching in the isolated L1 LH complex lhcii incorporated into a solid gel system removal of detergent caused strong fluorescence quenching whicn to the ss the cytokinesis following this differential mitosis is incomplete and the daughter cells remain connected by a permanent cytoplasmic bridge the cell with the ss and ks develops into a primary oocyte or spermatocyte whereas the cell containing only ss differentiates as a nurse cell in the female or as an aberrant spermatocyte in the male when the primary spermatocyte enters meiosis the ss in the connected aberrant spermatocyte undergo chromosome condensation but the aberrant spermatocyte remains undivided with the condensed metaphase status and inactivation of the ss persisting during both meiotic divisions these events indicate a programmed inactivation of all chromosomes in the aberrant spermatocyte at the beginning of meiosis the alterations in the microtubule arrangements and of the CSD of mitochondria in the SPC during meiosis have been followed via livecell fluorescence labelling with the tubulintracker and mitotracker reagents and by transmission electron microscopy the observations reveal a hyperamplification of the centrosomes and the formation of tetrapolar asters in the nondividing aberrant SPC containing the condensed ss the programmed inactivation of the ss in the aberrant spermatocyte is suggested to have developed during evolution to inhibit the entry of the aberrant SPC into meiosis thereby preventing the formation of sperms containing only ss but no ks

we used QPCR methods and renal microdissection to characterize the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase inos mrnas in rat kidney and cultured glomerular mesangial cells a partial cdna homologous to mu macrophage inos macnos but distinct from rat V1 smooth muscle inos vsmnos was cloned from normal rat kidney macnos was the principal inos isoform tonically expressed in microdissected glomeruli PT tubules medullary thick ascending limbs mtal cortical and inner medullary collecting ducts imcd and cultured mesangial cells whereas vsmnos was the major isoform expressed in arcuate and interlobular arteries basal macnos expression was greatest in mtals and imcds restriction mapping of rtpcr products indicated that basal expression of macnos mrna was comparable to that of vsmnos in SC but greater than vsmnos in outer and IM however compared to controls lipopolysaccharide lpstreated rats exhibited a much greater proportion of vsmnos mrna and higher levels of total inos mrna in each zone similarly tnf alpha and ifgamma preferentially induced expression of vsmnos mrna in cultured mesangial cells we conclude that two inos isoforms are constitutively and heterogeneously expressed in the normal rat kidney and that endotoxemia and cytokines differentially induce their expression

HP contains proteins capable of IB c putrescine by the action of ca G1 transglutaminase these proteins have molecular weights from to k and above one of these with a molecular weight of k has been identified as fibronectin by the use of an antifibronectin AS evidence for a protein with a molecular weight MZ to that of fibronectin has been obtained on page analysis of the precipitate formed on incubating human serum with antipolyamine AS

multiple myeloma mm is the second most common hematological cancer in the united states it is typically incurable even with myeloablative chemotherapy and stemcell transplantation the epithelial mucin muc glycoprotein is expressed by normal and malignant epithelial cells but has also been shown to be expressed by mm cells muc is a useful antigenic target in ST for clinical diagnostic and therapeutic monoclonal antibody mabbased approaches the ma mab as well as other antimuc mabs reactive with the muc variable number tandem repeat domain exhibited moderate to strong CR with both mm cell lines and clinical samples to explore the PSA nature and potential of muc as an antigenic target in mm studies were performed to a compare the mrna and the muc glycoprotein species between epithelial cancer and mm cell lines and b develop and use a human mm RT xenograft model system to study the biodistribution of the ma mab ma mab was strongly reactive with six of eight human mm cell lines by FC in seven of eight mm patient samples bone marrow andor IP blood reactivity was found in of the cells whereas normal control n and leukemia and lymphoma n cells showed only reactivity ilabeled ma wholecell IB studies showed quantitatively similar amounts of binding between strongly positive mm lines and highmucexpressing breast carcinoma lines mrna expression was assessed by RNA blotting and reverse transcriptionpcr mm cell lines were positive by both methods with strong similarity in the sizes of the mrnas and cdnas that were obtained finally biodistribution experiments were carried out with ilabeled ma versus a nonbinding control ilabeled mab in a sc mm xenograft model selective mm tumor uptake of the ma mab was demonstrated with a potential for delivering a tumor radiation absorbed dose of cgymci of ID compared with cgymci of tumorabsorbed dose delivered by nonspecific antibody

several lines of evidence are presented to allow us to conclude that TMV tmv rna enters the cp in vivo chloroplasts were prepared from either directly inoculated or systemically infected leaves of tobacco plants inoculated with one of several strains of the virus and from uninfected control plants intact chloroplasts were isolated on percoll gradients and treated with pancreatic rnase and TLN to destroy potential tmv virions and rna on the outside or bound to their surfaces RNA blot analysis of rna extracted frowhen the simulation is performed using repulsive forces however an oscillatory function of AS anisotropy is found for attractiverepulsive interactions in the case of liquidliquid interfaces with repulsive interaction between molecules there is only a small effect of surface area on IFT when the simulations are performed using the MC method at constant temperature and normal pressure an important but artificial finitesize effect of interfacial area on surface tension is found in simulations in the canonical ensemble reliable results of interfacial tension from dpd simulations can be obtained using small systems less than particles when they interact exclusively with repulsive forces

the catalytic activity of the bacterial PTE pte toward a series of chiral analogues of the CW agents sarin and soman was measured chemical procedures were developed for the chiral syntheses of the sp and rpenantiomers of oisopropyl pnitrophenyl MP sarin analogue in high enantiomeric excess the rpenantiomer of the GB analogue kcat s was the preferred ATP for the wildtype pte relative to the corresponding spenantiomer kcat s the observed stereoselectivity was reversed using the pte mutant iafahy where the kcat values for the rp and spenantiomers were and s respectively a chemoenzymatic procedure was developed for the chiral synthesis of the four stereoisomers of opinacolyl pnitrophenyl methylphosphonate soman analogue with high diastereomeric excess the rprcstereoisomer of the soman analogue was the preferred ATP for pte the kcat values for the soman analogues were measured as follows rprc s rpsc s sprc s and spsc s with the iafahy mutant of pte the stereoselectivity toward the chiral phosphorus center was reversed with the triple mutant the kcat values for the soman analogues were found to be as follows rprc s rpsc s sprc s and spsc s prior investigations have demonstrated that the spenantiomers of GB and soman are significantly more toxic than the rpenantiomers this investigation has demonstrated that mutants of the wildtype pte can be readily constructed with enhanced catalytic MICs toward the most toxic stereoisomers of sarin and soman

observations were made on a small flock of sheep of the native slovenian jezerskosolcava breed by investigators with dental training the aim was to determine the range of naturally occurring dental diseases so postmortem examinations were performed on animals slaughtered for meat or culled due to disease additional data were obtained by examination of specimens submitted for investigation of unexplained death at a pathology centre seventeen per cent of the flock had incisor disease but only five became clinically ill all these five had T3 cheek tooth disease REC periodontal pocketing diastemata missing teeth occlusal wear abnormalities food impaction TM tooth fracture tooth loss andor jaw abscessation advanced cheek tooth disease was found in per cent of the sheep submitted to the pathology laboratory while only seven per cent had T3 incisor disease the results show that as in other countries dental disease is a serious problem for sheep in slovenia

the bacterial isolates from SC specimens of snakes with infectious stomatitis were compared with those from SC specimens of the oral cavity of healthy captive snakes cloacal swab specimens were also taken from healthy snakes to compare their intestinal and oral bacterial populations the healthy snakes had a predominantly grampositive oral flora with corynebacterium spp and CoNS spp being the organisms isolated most frequently the specimens from snakes with infectious stomatitis yielded predominantly gramnegative bacteria the organisms most frequently isolated from these specimens were pseudomonas aeruginosa providencia rettgeri and p maltophilia the cloacal swabbing of healthy snakes also resulted in the isolation of predominantly gramnegative organisms suggesting that these bacteria are not exogenous pathogens but opportunistic invaders

the present investigation depicts the OD of a simple and low cost method for the removal of color from textile dyeing and printing wastewater using zno as photocatalyst supported with porous AC ac photocatalytic degradation studies were carried out for water soluble toxic alizarin cyanin green acg dye in aqueous suspension along with G1 carbon ac as coadsorbent different parameters like concentration of acg dye irradiation time catalyst concentration and ph have also been studied the pseudo first order kinetic equation was found to be applicable in the present dyecatalyst systems it was observed that photocatalytic Kd by zno along with ac was a more ERP and faster mode of removing acg from AQ solutions than the zno CT

porous inosn ito films resembling from brush carpets to open mosslike discrete nanostructures were grown by PLD under low to high BG gas pressures respectively the CT properties of these mesoporous substrates were probed by pulsed laser photocurrent and voltage transient measurements in n dye sensitized devices although the cyclic voltammetry and dye adsorption measurements suggest a lower proportion of electroactive dye molecules for films deposited at the highend background gas pressures the transient measurements indicate similar electron transport rates within the films solar cell operation was achieved by the deposition of a conformal tio shell SL by atomic SL deposition ald much of the device improvement was shown to be due to the tio shell blocking the recombination of photoelectrons with the electrolyte as recombination lifetimes increased drastically from a few seconds in uncoated ito to over minutes in the ito with a tio shell SL additionally an order of magnitude increase in the electron transport rate in itotio coreshell films was observed giving the coreshell structure a superior ratio of recombinationtransport times

to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of treatments for depressed elderly medical inpatients medline was searched for potentially relevant articles published from january to august using the keywords depression or depressive disorder exploded and aged the bibliographies of relevant articles were searched for additional references fifteen reports met the following inclusion criteria a published in english or french b minimum age criterion of and over or mean age and over c subjects admitted to the medical service of an acute care hospital d used accepted criteria for depression e examined treatments for depression and f reported outcomes as a depression diagnosis andor symptom level information was abstracproprius ehp were overloaded by unilateral extirpation of their agonist tibialis anterior edl muscles were taken for immunohistochemistry in cryostat sections to mark endothelial cells griffonia simplicifolia i gsi lectin smooth muscle cells and PCs alpha smooth SMA alphasma and mature arterioles smooth muscle MHC chains ehp muscles were used for corresponding DUE by confocal and electron microscopy the number of capillaries surrounding muscle fibers was not significantly different T3 week of stretch but was higher T3 weeks vs in controls p similarly capillary density cd and capillaryfiber ratio cf gradually increased cd at weeks vs mm in controls cf vs respectively in contrast the number of alphasmapositive vessels around SF increased after week vs in controls and was lower T3 weeks p vs week arteriolar density was higher at mm and weeks with respect to controls mm the increased density was greater in alphasmapositive vessels microm in diameter controls week wk mm than in vessels microm mm electron microscopy showed activated tem fine structure and proliferating immunogold labeling for brdu fibroblasts in the vicinity of capillaries some of which were embedded in the CBM consistent with a transformation into PCs and possibly later smooth muscle cells confocal microscopy indicated that some mesenchymal cells became gsi positive and formed D2 processes which contacted capillaries via tapered endings growth of arterioles in stretched muscles appears to involve proliferation of fibroblasts which may migrate toward capillaries and precedes any apparent increase in capillarization

doppler flow velocimetry was performed on nonselected patients in labor all patients were at least cm dilated and effaced greater than cm and were delivered of infants within hours fetal heart rate tracing performed at the same time was read by another observer and compared with doppler flow velocity measurements S/D pulsatility index a significant correlation was noted r p less than between the two modalities both fetal HR rate tracings and umbilical flow velocity measurements were correlated with fetal outcome significant associations were noted between the umbilical S/D ratio and fetal distress minute apgar scores the need for intubation independent of gestational age and UA cord ph and BE it appears that the information obtained from flow velocimetry had additional benefits compared with that of fetal HR rate tracings CT

solubility parameters of hpmcas have not yet been investigated intensively on this account total and threedimensional solubility parameters of hpmcas were determined by using different exp as well as computational methods in addition solubility properties of hpmcas in a huge number of solvents were tested and a teas plot for hpmcas was created the total solubility parameter of about mpa was confirmed by various procedures and compared with values of plasticizers twenty common pharmaceutical plasticizers were evaluated in terms of their suitability for supporting film formation of hpmcas under dry coating conditions therefore Tg temperatures of mixtures of polymer and plasticizers were inspected and film formation of potential ones was further investigated in dry coating of pellets theta of plasticizers on hpmcas were determined in order to give a hint of achievable coating efficiencies in dry coating but none was found to spread on hpmcas a few common substances eg DMP glycerol monocaprylate and PE glycol enabled plasticization of hpmcas however only TEC and triacetin were found to be suitable for use in dry coating addition of acetylated monoglycerides to triacetin increased coating efficiency which was likewise previously demonstrated for TEC

intestinal mucosal injury that results from local ischaemia can be detected by early increases in gut permeability followed by later morphological histological and PSA CA local adaptive mechanisms for example increased oxygen extraction can cope with reductions in blood flow of up to as may occur during episodes of septic shock or CT why then does hypoxic injury develop the peculiar vascular anatomy of the villi allows for oxygen short circuiting to occur at their base when blood flow is low although overall oxygen SE efficiency may be high regional hypoxia at the villus tip may paradoxically occur the severity of RI depends on the duration of preceding hypoxia free radical generation through the hypoxanthine xanthine oxidase system is important in mediating cellular damage in addition luminal aggressive AF for example pancreatic proteases may cause mucosal damage as suggested by earlier studies more recent studies in pigs suggests that PDL merely delays but does not prevent OD of gut RI EN nutrition should benefit patients with the ischaemic intestine because in comparison with total parental nutrition it stimulates regional blood flow and attenuates mucosal injury there are no randomised trials to verify this but use of tonometry to monitor local ischaemia may help resolve the issue

a year semiquantitative clinicopathologic study revealed that among men and women or more years of age at death the severity of destructive emphysema was overwhelmingly the most important morphologic correlate of the clinical state of chronic AO the pathogenic mechanisms whereby emphysema may lead to airway obstruction are probably multifactorial but our data are consistent with a growing consensus that loss of small airway support by surrounding lung tissue in emphysema may cause kinking tortuosity and collapse of the airways with subsequent increased airflow resistance and clinical obstruction pathologic changes inflammation fibrosis increased goblet cells and mucous gland enlargement in large or small airways in the absence of much emphysema were very seldom associated with significant chronic AO and correlated rather poorly with CAO regardless of severity of emphysema a subjective method of evaluating mucous gland enlargement in the large airways was consistently better than the reid index in correlations with clinical and anatomic CA presumably because it took all glands into consideration the clinical features of subjects with severe centrilobular versus severe panlobular emphysema were essentially the same blue bloater and pink puffer clinical types of CAO continued to reveal differences in airway pathologic features but no longer revealed a L1 difference in the severity of emphysema at the time of death presumably this was due at least partially to improved treatment longer survival and F0 into a similar endstage the total exposure to cigarette smoke was quantitatively related to clinical chronic airway one and to both AM and airway pathologic features

the hps and phi genes encoding HPS and phosphohexuloisomerase the key enzymes of the ribulose monophosphate rump pathway for formaldehyde fixation were cloned from the chromosomal dna of a thermotolerant methylotroph bacillus brevis s enzyme induction and RNA blot analyses revealed that both the hps and phi genes are induced by methanol or ethanol and that their expression is controlled polycistronically at the transcription stage CS analysis also suggested that the hps and phi genes constitute an rump operon the gene organization of the rump operon and its surrounding region are unique among bacteria possessing the rump pathway genes

the impact of the polyamine analogues nndiethylnorspermine denspm nndiethylspermine despm and nndiethylhomospermine dehspm on the growth properties of l L1210 cells is compared the order of antiproliferative activity of the three compounds is shown to be dehspm greater than despm greater than denspm with average h ic values of and microm respectively trypan blue exclusion suggests that the cytotoxic SMB of the EDC is not apparent until h after SE to the analogues dehspm is shown to act more quickly and demonstrates the most profound cytotoxic effects at h competitive uptake studies with spermidine reveal despm and dehspm to have essentially MZ ki values of and microm respectively while denspm indicates a substantially higher ki value of microm finally although the analogues reduce the C2 of putrescine spermidine and Sp in l cells if the concentration of PAs in the cell including analogues is expressed on a nitrogen equivalence basis the total cationic charge with which the PAs are associated is conserved

cycles in women going to be AI at the aied center in rome have been studied by means of ultrasound monitoring in order to evaluate the incidence of the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in none of the patients either in pharmacologically stimulated cycles in women or in non stimulated cycles in women moderate or severe hyperstimulation syndrome was reported only few mild cases occurred in the non stimulated group only five cases with mild hyperstimulation occurred pregnancies have been obtained of all studied cycles in the stimulated group cases with signs of mild hyperstimulation occurred and pregnancies were obtained of the stimulated cycles no twin pregnancy was observed the only molar pregnancy reported occurred in this group all signs of hyperstimulationeither in stimulated cycles or in non stimulated patientsregressed spontaneously in the same cycle and anyhow they were ND by ultrasound monitoring in the subsequent cycle

increasing empirical studies suggest that the tripartite PTS disorder ptsd MM described in the dsmiv does not accurately account for the underlying ptsd factor structure and several alternative models have been proposed the present T0 investigated a newly refined fivefactor MM of ptsd PS in a sample of chinese adolescent survivors of an earthquake a total of middle school students females males with a mean age of years sd range participated in this T0 one month after an earthquake the novel fivefactor model comprised of intrusion avoidance numbing dysphoric arousal and anxious arousal demonstrated significantly better fit than two alternative fourfactor models further analyses revealed differentiable relations between the ptsd factors and external measures of anxiety and depression these findings provide empirical support for the robustness of FFM and carry implications for further reorganization of ptsd criteria

an abnormal eating SMB is often associated with diabetes mellitus in individuals in the present study we investigated the mechanisms underlying the relationship among uncontrolled diabetes FI and the production of ghrelin an orexigenic hormone in spontaneous diabetic torii sdt rats male sdt rats and agematched control spraguedawley sd rats were housed from to weeks of age body weight and DFI were measured weekly whereas blood and whole stomach samples were obtained at the age of and weeks in both sdt and sd rats the sdt rats at both and weeks of age demonstrated significantly lower body weights despite almost doubled food consumption compared with the sd rats of the same age the sdt rats showed overt HG at and weeks of age with concomitant hypoinsulinemia the plasma AS ghrelin levels and the ratio to total ghrelin C2 of sdt rats at weeks of age were significantly higher than those of sd rats of the same age stomach ghrelin and ghrelin oacyltransferase messenger rna expression C2 were higher in sdt rats than in sd rats after the induction of diabetes with a concomitant decrease of stomach ghrelinimmunopositive cell numbers in sdt rats at weeks of age the sdt rats with uncontrolled hyperglycemia show hyperphagia with a concomitant increase of plasma AS ghrelin concentration this report is the first to clarify the relevance of ghrelin to hyperphagia in diabetic state over an extended period

exposure to dehydroepiandrosterone caused a concentrationdependent accumulation of ht human colonic adenocarcinoma SPF and sensitization toward the cytotoxic effects of fluorouracil deoxyriboside but not fluorouracil these effects were synergistic at all tested concentrations of dehydroepiandrosterone microm and fluorouracil deoxyriboside microm sterilization of cultures occurred at a fluorouracil deoxyriboside concentration of microm in the presence of microm dehydroepiandrosterone while sterilization in the absence of dehydroepiandrosterone required nearly a fold higher concentration of drug even in ht cells selected for the ability to grow in microm dehydroepiandrosterone a synergistic response with fluorouracil deoxyriboside was observed double label experiments to examine the relative rates of incorporation of cthymidine and huracil into dna thymidine indicated that dehydroepiandrosterone exposure preferentially enhanced the de novo pathway for thymidylate synthesis suggesting that this shift may have contributed to the observed synergism with fluorouracil deoxyriboside compared to controls however the salvage pathway for thymidylate biosynthesis was also stimulated following exposure to dehydroepiandrosterone these results and the nontoxic nature of this naturally occurring steroid suggest that dehydroepiandrosterone may be useful as a PSA modulator of fluorouracil deoxyriboside and perhaps other nucleoside analogs in cancer treatment

these days the main injection laryngoplasty technique is CT ct RPA however patients who have previously undergone other neck treatments such as Tx or neck dissection have distorted anatomical landmark makes this approach more difficult the aim of this T0 is to determined the efficiency of transcartilaginous tc approah as compared with ct RPA for unilateral VFP patients especially for previously neck treated patients

morphological features of rat pedunculopontine PNs were investigated in in vitro preparation by using intracellular labeling with biocytin combined with choline acetyltransferase chat immunohistochemistry these neurons were classified into two types type i and ii based on their electrical membrane properties type i had lowthreshold ca spikes and type ii had IA all type i SN n were chat immunonegative chat type ii SN were either chat immunopositive chat n or chat n in terms of topography in the tegmental PPN ppn type i SN were dispersed throughout the extent of the nucleus whereas type ii neurons tended to be located more in the rostral and middle sections both type i and ii neurons consisted of small long axis microns medium microns and large microns cells the small cells were round or oval medium cells were round triangular or fusiform and the C1 cells were primarily fusiform in shape in terms of the soma size there was a difference in type i microns and type ii microns neurons but no significant difference was found between type ii chat and chat cells both types of neurons had three to six primary dendrites but the dendritic field was more prominent in type ii SN most of the axons originated from one of the primary dendrites which gave off axon collaterals some of which projected out of the nucleus the intrinsic collaterals were thin and branched partly within the dendritic field of the parent cell the extrinsic collaterals were thicker and could be grouped into three categories collaterals arborizing in the substantia nigra collaterals ascending mainly toward the TH pretectal and tectal area and collaterals descending toward the mesencephalic andor PRF it was noted that the collaterals of both chat and chatneurons were traced into the substantia nigra there was no significant difference in antidromic latencies between type i m msec and type ii m msec neurons following electrical stimulation of the substantia nigra

two CE challenges in the field of occupational and environmental epidemiology include accurately measuring biologic responses to SE and preventing subsequent disease as exposurerelated lung diseases continue to be identified advances in SE biology have introduced toxicogenomic approaches that detect biomarkers of exposure at the gene protein and metabolite levels moreover genetic epidemiology research has focused more recently on common lowpenetrant ie lowrelativerisk genetic SCV that may interact with commonly encountered exposures a number of such gene by environment interactions have been identified for airways and ILDs with the goal of preventing disease among susceptible populations that may not otherwise have been identified exhaled breath condensate analysis has provided another noninvasive means of assessing toxicant exposures and systemic effects as these technologies become more refined clinicians and public health practitioners will need to appreciate the social implications of the individual and populationlevel risks conferred by certain genetic polymorphisms or by biomarker evidence of exposure at present the primary approach to occupational and environmental lung disease prevention remains elimination or reduction of known hazardous exposures and requires continued application of local and international resources toward exposure control

measurement of current perception threshold cpt using the neurometer at and hz assesses function in three different nerve fibre types this method was used to investigate peripheral neuropathy in patients with type diabetes mellitus and HCs the cpt at hz was significantly higher in diabetic patients than in controls and showed a significant negative correlation with motor and sensory nerve conduction E/A at hz cpt showed a significant positive correlation with the VPT at hz the NC in systolic blood pressure in the schellong test in patients with hypoaesthesia tended to be less than in those with normal sensation or hyperaesthesia significantly higher cpt values were obtained in patients with PDR and macroalbuminuria these data suggest that cpt is useful in detecting abnormalities of myelinated as opposed to unmyelinated nerve fibres in patients with type diabetes

the CP of the papaya ringspot virus was cloned and sequenced in three mexican isolates two from veracruz and one from chiapas the sequences of these viral isolates were compared to those of eleven isolates from other parts of the world they had higher similarity to isolates from australia and the united states than to asian isolates a region of about one hundred nucleotides neighboring the putative aphid transmission triplet of the coat protein contained repeats of an ek glutamic acidlysine motif in all the sequences the bearing of this region on the genetic relationships and geographical distribution of the isolates is analyzed and discussed

a rat PIT tsh preparation in doses of and microgramskg produced rapid and marked increases in dopamine da levels and alphamethyltyrosineinduced decline consistent with increased da synthesis and release in the medial and lateral palisade zones mpz lpz of the ME and reduced noradrenaline na turnover in the PVH hypothalamic nucleus pa of the hypophysectomized male rat the tsh SS C2 measured in these rats h T3 the injection were within the physiological range after the injection of microgramskg trh given intravenously in a dose of microgramskg produced rapid and marked increases of da release in the mpz and lpz of the ME and reduction of na turnover in the pa of the hypophysectomized male rat the trh injection did not alter the serum levels of prolactin tsh t and t the results indicate that trhtshda interactions take place in the local circuits in the ME thus supporting the view that a short and an ultrashort feedback action of rtsh and trh respectively may exist in the median eminence the rapid action of the rat tsh preparation as well as of trh further supports this concept the rat tsh preparation and trh produced marked reductions in na turnover in the pa these results support the possibility that rat tsh and trh may via an action on the hypothalamus influence the facilitither no change or a decrease in the jor threshold of cats lightly anaesthetized with alphaxalonealphadolone with deeper anaesthesia these same conditioning stimuli caused a maintained increase in jor threshold which could be reversed by decreasing the anaesthetic dose the results suggest that the high threshold of the jor observed in earlier experiments was not due to anaesthesia but may have been caused by trauma

chest wall tumors have long represented challenging clinical entities for surgeons until recently incorrect diagnosis incomplete resection or inability to perform successful reconstruction of large thoracic wall defects led to high rates of perioperative morbidity and mortality the latter were primarily associated with infections of the pleural cavity respiratory failure and paradoxical PLB the longterm prognosis was also poor owing to a high percentage of local relapse during the same operating procedure wide resection and reconstruction of the thoracic wall are performed successfully improvement of the prognosis reported in large series of patients with resection leads to surgical treatment being considered the best option for primary tumors and for selected AA tumors of the CW because positive margins are the most important risk factor for local recurrence adequate margins of healthy tissue surrounding the tumors have a considerable impact on diseasefree and overall survival involvement of ribs sternum superior sulcus or spine is not considered a technical limitation to surgical resection nowadays correct management cannot be precluded by RT size site or contiguous structure involvement because concurrent reconstruction with prosthetic materials and myocutaneous flaps is feasible surgery provides the best chance of cure in patients with chest wall tumors therefore the surgical strategy must be based on the features of the individuals disease

FHM fhm type is a rare monogenic dominant autosomal disease due to cacnaa gene mutations besides the CP phenotype mutations on cacnaa gene are associated with a broader spectrum of clinical features including cerebellar ataxia making fhm a complex channelopathy we report the case of a patient carrying the parggln mutation affected by hemiplegic migraine and late onset ataxia and we performed a literature review about the clinical features of parggln although parggln mutations are associated with a heterogeneous phenotype carriers present cerebellar signs which consisted generally in ataxia and dysmetria with intention tremor appearing mostly in T3 age often progressive and permanent the heterogeneous spectrum of cacnaa gene mutations probably causes sporadic hemiplegic migraine shm to be misdiagnosed given the therapeutic opportunities shmfhm should be considered in differential diagnosis of patients with cerebellar ataxia and migraine with aura

the article deals with the development of a prophylactic parent training course conducted on community psychological principles and presents initial results of a T0 on the success of such courses the indirect target group consisted of junior school pupils prepuberal and puberal age but the course participants were parents the aim of the course was to prevent cerebrovisceral regulation disturbances induced by ES situations and to help the indirect target group to cope with acute abnormal reactions to their experiences in a way that enhances development of their personalities the course concentrated on helping the participants to show understanding for the rising generation by filling gaps in their knowledge and enlarging their palette of behavioural patterns in a psychological decentralization process

an arterial switch T0 is considered a good alternative for the repair of doubleoutlet right ventricle dorv with atrioventricular concordance connection and subpulmonary VVI septal defect vsd when intraventricular rerouting is not feasible the clinical results of an ASO with VVI septal defect closure for this anomaly were studied

ramsay hunt syndrome is a rare complication of herpes zoster disease in which reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus infection occurs in the geniculate ganglion causing otalgia unilateral vesicular eruption in a restricted dermatomal distribution and peripheral FP dermal infections caused by human pathogenic herpes viruses are common in organ Tx for a transplant surgeon it is imperative to remember that viral prophylaxis is essential in the followup of the transplant patients here we presented a case of renal SPK and ramsay hunt syndrome with multiple cranial nerve involvement with an atypical course management and differential diagnosis of this particular case are discussed with a review of the literature

LAGB lagb is a commonly performed bariatric procedure devicerelated morbidity is typically associated with the subcutaneous port or the band itself complications related to band tubing are unusual SB obstruction sbo T3 lagb is a unique and serious complication there is the potential of delayed diagnosis and the risk of closedloop bowel obstruction sbo AA to internal hernia caused by band tubing is very rare with only five cases reported in the literature

associations have been reported between suboptimal maternal vitamin e intake during pregnancy and childhood asthma this pilot T0 conducted in investigated the feasibility and acceptability of a foodbased randomized controlled trial in Pr women to optimize dietary VE intake to mgday a foodbased intervention using food exchanges to individually optimize dietary vitamin e NI to mgday was developed and included in an advice booklet fortythree Pr women with a personalpartner PH of asthma were recruited at weeks gestation and randomized to foodbased MI or a control group until weeks gestation a registered dietitian assessed the vitamin e intake of women and provided tailored advice on foodbased exchanges to optimize their intake to mgday the CW were not given dietary advice the foodbased MI was completed by women and increased mean VE intake food diary data mgday confidence interval to to mgday confidence interval to p this pilot T0 demonstrates the feasibility and acceptability of a foodexchangebased MI to optimize dietary VE intake during pregnancy additional work is required to determine whether this MI if sustained for the rest of pregnancy reduces the likelihood of childhood asthma the methodology used in the design of this novel foodbased MI could be transferred to other nutrients

understanding the influence of ubiquitously present plant steroids on rat cell biology is currently of interest feedback inhibition of hmgcoa reductase hmgcr catalytic activity in the transformation of hmgcoa to MVA is a significant regulatory step in sterol biosynthetic pathway to assess the role of dietary steroids in this biochemical transformation the phytosteroid isoform homobrassinolide hb pure obtained from godrej agrovet india was used to determine its effect on mammalian hmgcoa reductase photometric assay of pure human and select rat tissue hmgcr post hb oral feed pcrhmgcr gene expression and in silico docking of hb and hmgcoa on hmgcr protein template were carried out using an oral feed regimen of pure hb we noted a decrease of in liver in kidney and in testicular hmgcr enzyme activity in hmgcr gene expression and in the activity of pure human hmgcr due to this plant oxysterol in silico docking studies yielded IB metrics for hbhmgcr lower than for hmgcoahmgcr indicating stronger IB of hmgcr by this ligand hb exerts differential effects on rat tissue hmgcr down regulates CL hmgcr gene expression and significantly inhibits hmgcr activity

using antisera directed against carp GRF cghrh the CSD of immunoreactive ir structures in the brain pituitary and pineal of the goldfish carassius auratus was investigated the antisera were produced in rabbits by administration of cghrhnh followed by cghrhoh for different periods of time both coupled to human alphaglobulins via bisdiazotized benzidine as immunogen immunoreactive perikarya were visualized in the nucleus preopticus periventricularis npp nucleus lateralis tuberis nlt nucleus of the LL nll and the pineal the preoptic area and area ventralis telencephali seemed to receive innervation from the npp cells the SF of the nlt cell HB extended caudally along the infundibular floor and innervated the hypophysis the processes of the nll perikarya extended rostrally along the LL curved ventrally along the outer margin of the glomerular nuclear complex and D2 to the dorsal area of the lateral recess while issuing fascicles that branched off and fanned out to innervate extensively the nucleus diffusus of the Thy VPI lobes and the nucleus lateralis tori several fiber bundles branched off and D2 toward the lateral areas of the PVO area and even into the rostral region of the Thy VPI lobes a small percentage of the corticotrophs of the rostral pars distalis a few cells in the CE area of the pars intermedia pi and neurohypophysial fibers in the peripheral area of the pi of the pituitary gland had colocalization of ghrhir ghrhir fibers in the rostral and PPD were sparse it is suggested that the ghrhir perikarya of the diencephalon may stimulate growth hormone PR either by modulating the activity of somatotrophs or of other Thy NS neurons the innervation of the hypothalamic VPI lobe by ghrhir perikarya of the nll suggests some influence on FF processes presence of ghrh in the pineal implies involvement in some daily cyclic activity

the GIH gih belongs to a NPY family synthesized and released in an xorgan sinus gland complex of crustacean eyestalks gih inhibits crustacean ovarian maturation by suppressing vitellogenin vtg synthesis whereas estrogen is responsible for the stimulation of vitellogenesis not established in this study the effects of βestradiol e m estrogen receptor antagonist tamoxifen tam and m and the environmental estrogen nonylphenol np μgl and μgl on lvgih expression in the eyestalks of shrimp were determined by quantitative RT pcr results showed that lvgih expression decreased significantly during the l vannamei ovarian maturation cycle e and np significantly reduced lvgih transcripts in vivo but tam neutralized the GABA action of e in a dosedependent manner p in addition the lvgih expression C2 decreased significantly in a timedependent manner p when ovary fragments were cultured in vitro with e the results of this T0 suggested that estrogen regulates gih expression in l vannamei eyestalks e promoted ovarian OD not only by directly upregulating vitellogenesis in the hepatopancreas but it was also capable of downregulating lvgih expression which indirectly resulted in the stimulation of l vannamei vitellogenesis

oral bepotastine is a secondgeneration histamine h receptor antagonist that also suppresses some allergic inflammatory processes numerous short and longterm clinical trials and surveillance studies have shown that twicedaily bepotastine is an ERP and generally well tolerated antihistamine in the treatment of patients with AR chronic urticaria or pruritus associated with skin conditions eczemadermatitis prurigo or pruritus cutaneus bepotastine mgday was significantly more effective than terfenadine mgday in patients with PAR as evaluated by the final global improvement rating and several other endpoints in a phase iii trial in phase iii trials in patients with CU bepotastine mgday was more effective than placebo in improving levels of itching and eruption and as ERP as terfenadine mgday with regard to the final global improvement rating and other endpoints in a noncomparative trial in patients with pruritus associated with skin diseases the majority of bepotastine recipients in the overall population as well as in the TPS skin disease subgroups eczemadermatitis prurigo or pruritus cutaneus had a final global improvement rating of moderate or greater bepotastine was generally well tolerated in adult and paediatric patients with allergic conditions

we modified a technique of rna detection based upon PRINS of rna prins to quantitate polya and histone mrna in hl cell suspensions by FC the direct prins technique was used to label polya mrna based upon the incorporation of fluoresceinated nucleotides into cdna chains generated by reverse transcription from the site of oligodt primerspecific annealing on the polya template by this method polya fluorescent signals of up to fold above BG were obtained when primer concentrations were saturating nonspecific IB of the fluorochromeconjugated nucleotide proved to be the greatest source of BG fluorescence in cell suspensions this was considerably reduced by preincubation of the cells in lysine and an excess of cold nucleotides prior to the prins reaction the application of indirectly fluoresceinated antibodies to the fitc moiety of the conjugated nucleotide indirect prins enhanced PCD of a fluorescent signal generated from cells by the direct prins technique after stringent histone priming Tc analysis based upon dna histograms obtained after prins labeling showed the histone fluorescence to be primarily in SPF of an exponentially growing population CLSM revealed good retention of cellular architecture with cytoplasmic localization of polya and histone mrna fluorescence and heterogeneous mrna expression among cells our modified prins labeling of rna represents a useful advance in the precise quantitation of rna species in cell suspension by FC

daily consumption of an antioxidantrich leafy vegetable mix lvm was assessed for beneficial effects on plasma lipid profiles tissue lipid peroxidation and oxidative dna damage in B6 mice fed a high fat and HCD fat and cholesterol wtwt for weeks the lvm contained beet leaf angelica red leaf lettuce dandelion green cos lettuce lollo rosso romaine lettuce respectively scotch kale and red kale respectively the mice n were randomly divided into either the control HF and cholesterol diet without lvm or the lvm high fat and cholesterol diet with lvm supplement groups T3 a week acclimation lipid peroxidation as measured by thiobarbituric acidreactive substances in the plasma liver heart and kidney was significantly lower antioxidants glutathione and betacarotene and antioxidant enzyme activities glutathione peroxidase glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase were improved in mice fed lvm diet in the comet CA tail extent moment OTM and tail length were significantly less in the hepatocyte and lymphocyte dna of the lvm group indicating the beneficial effect of lvm on the resistance of hepatocytes and lymphocytes dna to oxidative damage findings from the present study suggest that dietary supplementation with lvm may be useful for protecting cells from lipid peroxidation and oxidative dna damage

strains of available terverticillate penicillium species and varieties were analyzed for profiles of known mycotoxins and other AA metabolites produced on czapek yeast autolysate agar intracellular metabolites and yeast extractsucrose agar extracellular metabolites by using simple TLC chromatography screening techniques these strains in all could be classified into groups based on profiles of AA metabolites most of these profiles of AA metabolites were distinct containing several biosynthetically different mycotoxins and unknown metabolites characterized by distinct colors and retardation AF on thinlayer chromatography plates some species p italicum and p atramentosum only produced one or two metabolites by the simple screening methods the groups based on profiles of AA metabolites were known species or subgroups thereof these species and subgroups were independently identifiable by using morphological and physiological criteria the species accepted the number of isolates in each species investigated and the mycotoxins they produced were p atramentosum p aurantiogriseum group i penicillic acid and stoxin and group ii penicillic acid peniism these data are compatible with a central depression of the thyroid axis or an alteration in thyroxine metabolism or IB to proteins irrespective of mechanism the association between low thyroid indexes and elevated lead C2 merits attention because of the large number of workers exposed to lead and the similarities between the clinical features of adult lead poisoning and hypothyroidism

in jamaican children L3 dermatitis is a chronic eczema associated with refractory nonvirulent staphylococcus aureus or betahaemolytic streptococcus infection of the skin and nasal vestibule children between the ages of and years with typical ID attending the dermatology clinic at the UH of the west indies in jamaica were tested for antibody to human tlymphotropicingle urine aspiration at weeks bladder pressure was increased above the reference range in of fetuses with urinary one but there was no rho between pressure and the degree of impairment of renal CF although no conclusive clinical guidelines can be drawn from this study for the DUE of fetal renal function these findings suggest that in lower urinary tract obstruction tubular reabsorption is impeded by the standing pressure in the urinary tract and that improvement of renal function may occur following relief of one

there is growing interest in using tumor associated antigens presented by MHC-I mhci proteins as cancer vaccines as native MMP are poorly stable in biological fluids researchers have sought to engineer synthetic peptidomimetics with greater biostability here we demonstrate that antigenic peptidomimetics of the melanamartl melanoma antigen adopt strikingly different conformations when bound to mhci highlighting the degeneracy of t cell recognition and revealing the challenges associated with mimicking native peptide conformation

the association of choroidal detachment with malignant choroidal PT is not well recognized the authors experience with six cases suggests that CD may be associated with both metastatic PT and choroidal melanoma in two of these cases the choroidal or retinal detachment was so massive that echography was necessary to detect the underlying RT three patients presented with painful visual loss and three patients presented with painless visual loss or a VF defect in one patient the correct diagnosis and AGA treatment of the choroidal metastasis with external radiation relieved the patients pain and improved VA from to M1 and primary uveal malignant PT should be added to the list of causes of CD and can be excluded only T3 thorough clinical and often echographic examination

inflammatory myopathies im are a group of muscle diseases occurring both in children and adults nailfold videocapillaroscopy nvc alterations are described in im but available data are discordant including differences between polymyositis pm and dermatomyositis dm the aim of this T0 was to describe the capillaroscopic differences between pm and dm patients and possible rho with clinical and serological features we analyzed unselected patients with im in a crosssectional study in a month period nvc findings of dm and pm patients were compared with those of patients with PRP tortuosities capillary loss enlarged and giant capillaries microhemorrhages and ramified capillaries were scored by a semiquantitative rating disorganization of the vascular array avascular areas and scleroderma DP were scored as presenceabsence sex mean age and mean disease duration were similar in both groups disorganization of the V1 array enlarged and giant capillaries capillary loss and sclerodermalike pattern were observed almost only in im patients significant differences were observed between pm and dm with higher frequency and mean score of nvc changes in dm in dm patients with disease duration ≤ months patients capillary density was significantly reduced p and giant capillaries more frequent p compared with patients with longer disease duration while a scleroderma DP tended to be more frequent in patients with a disease duration of less than months on the contrary no differences were observed for ramified capillaries with regard to disease duration capillaroscopic alterations are identified only in dm patients as expression of diffuse microangiopathy surprisingly more severe changes were associated with shorter disease duration while persistence of ramified capillaries with longstanding disease

transjugular liver biopsy is a particularly useful procedure in overcoming the classic limitations of percutaneous biopsy such as hemorrhagic diathesis or tense ascites the authors evaluated the impact that this technique had in their liver transplant program considering performance and safety in procedures histologic characterization was accomplished in of cirrhotic patients and in of patients with acute liver disease confirmation of a presumptive diagnosis was made in of patients and a previously unsuspected diagnosis was raised in HFE wilsons disease and acute AH were the most challenging diagnoses and together with patients with liver failure had the most relevant implications in transplant decisions the availability of transjugular LB provided decisive information regarding patient selection and the best timing to proceed with transplantation

HD MNC cells RS hrs cells and u and sudhl histocytic cell lines were induced to differentiate by PDBu in cultures the phenotypes of cells were determined by a panel of antibodies TPS for monocytes histiocytes and interdigitating reticulum cells before induction sudhl cells and hrs cells expressed similar markers such as hefi h a and e in addition sudhl cells were also stained by tac and leu m other monocyte markers including ok m co mo brl mo brl mo and leu m were consistently negative in both types of cells after induction sudhl cells conserved the same phenotype but hrs cells became negative for hefi a and h the u cells expressed leu m and co mo and became positive for leu m ok m co mo brl mo h and e after phorbol ester induction the u cells did not express hefi or a the marker expression of hrs cells sudhl cells and u cells were compared with those of histiocytes or interdigitating reticulum cells in lymphoid tissues and with neoplastic cells in THL and MH it is concluded that sudhl u and hrs cells are derived from or most closely related to fixed histiocytes free histiocytes and IDC respectively our study further confirms the diagnosis of sudhl as true histiocytic lymphoma but reveals that u is a case of malignant histiocytosis rather than the previously diagnosed histiocytic lymphoma the phenotypes and induction properties of sudhl cells are quite different from those of u cells which suggests that THL and MH are two distinct disease entities

sphosphocysteine residues in proteins are formed as key intermediates in certain enzymecatalyzed reactions in phosphoenolpyruvate pepdependent carbohydrate transport processes the phosphoryl group of pep is transferred sequentially to histidine residues of two cytoplasmic proteins EI and hpr common to all of the pepdependent carbohydrate transport systems the phosphoryl group of hpr then is transferred to an essential histidine and an essential cysteine residue located in the cytoplasmic domains of certain substratespecific MB proteins the actual transporters both the nphosphohistidine and the sphosphocysteine residues in these enzyme ii domains are transient catalytic intermediates in the final steps that lead to phosphorylation of the bound carbohydrate ATP in a different type of biological system numerous proteins involved in ST pathways are phosphorylated on specific tyrosine residues by various kinases and the effects of these modifications are modulated by a family of protein tyrosine phosphatespecific phosphatases the mechanism of action of these phosphatases involves the transfer of the phosphoryl group from a phosphotyrosine residue in the protein ATP to an essential ionized cysteine residue in the phosphatase polypeptide forming an sphosphocysteine residue reaction of the latter with water and release of orthophosphate CR the phosphatasecatalyzed reaction selenophosphate formed by phosphorylation of a selenol is a key Se donor compound in prokaryotes this extremely oxygenlabile compound is synthesized from atp and selenide by selenophosphate synthetase this novel reactive selenium compound is the selenium donor for selenocysteyltrna biosynthesis and for conversion of thiouridine residues in trnas to seleof colorectal polyps was investigated the files of patients who had undergone both crdcbe and colonoscopy were reviewed by two observers who were blinded to the colonoscopic findings the radiation dose of crdcbe was reduced to of conventional filmscreen system by using colonoscopic findings as a reference the sensitivity and positive predictive value for colorectal polyps were to and to respectively there was no significant interobserver difference the use of postprocessing with grayscale reversal and edge enhancement did not significantly improve the results the sensitivity for polyps smaller than cm was comparable with published data of conventional filmscreen systems our preliminary results show that crdcbe has an acceptable sensitivity for PCD of colorectal polyps it is suggested that the use of cr is a promising RPA to digital gastrointestinal radiography

the redox properties of ubiquinone uq were examined in monolayers of mixtures of DOPC palmitoylsphingomyelin and cholesterol of different compositions selfassembled on a mercury electrode over the ph range from to a detailed analysis of the cyclic voltammograms of uq in the above lipid environments points to a mechanism consisting of an elementary electron transfer step followed by two protonation or deprotonation steps in quasiequilibrium and by a further electron transfer step in a lipid environment of solidordered so microdomains in a liquiddisordered ld matrix electron transport across the lipid ML takes place in the ld phase in a pure so phase uq tends to segregate into uqrich pools exhibiting reversible electron transfer steps in a lipid environment consisting of liquidordered lo microdomains lipid rafts in an ld matrixand bone and possibly to treat neural tissue injury or degenerative diseases shed are highly proliferative cells derived from an accessible tissue source and therefore hold potential for providing enough cells for clinical applications in this review we describe the current knowledge about dental pulp stem cells and discuss TE approaches that use shed to replace irreversibly inflamed or necrotic pulps with a healthy and functionally competent tissue that is capable of forming new dentin

KA visceral leishmaniasis is endemic in southern iran we retrospectively evaluated infants and children with visceral leishmaniasis at hospitals affiliated to shiraz university of medical sciences in fars province located in the southwestern part of iran seasonal R2 was observed with more cases presenting in late winter spring and a few in summer the predominant clinical features in these patients were chronic fever pallor WL ABD distention and hepatosplenomegaly lymphadenopathy was less common common laboratory abnormalities included anemia leukopenia TP hypoalbuminemia and hypergammaglobulinemia LF tests were deranged in twothirds of patients immunofluorescence antibody ifa test was positive in all patients and all had positive bone marrow smears or cultures for LD patients responded well to glucantim therapy with a cure rate of relapse was observed in of patients mortality in this series was twentythree patients died during therapy jaundice and grossly deranged LF tests were bad prognostic signs

diuretics are commonly prescribed for a wide variety of clinical problems including hypertension ECV excess and disorders of calcium metabolism although natriuresis with altered sodium balance is not always the therapeutic goal this feature of the diuretics is essential for optimal results irrespective of the clinical problem

injuries of the hamstring muscle complex hmc often affect athletes participating in TPS sporting MICs mild injuries that constitute a mere CS of the muscle can be managed symptomatically while severe injuries often require surgical MI to precipitate a return to function neglected injuries usually result in a LT functional impairment therefore surgical reconstruction of the hmc is advised for both partial and CR lesions without acute repair a chronic lesion referred to as hamstring syndrome can result due to dysfunction of the hmc surgical intervention is usually recommended a case of a chronic severe partial injury to the hmc managed conservatively in a year old female is presented to illustrate the level of CF that can be achieved T3 NOM the clinical and radiological findings are presented months postinjury along with a review of the current literature there are no previous reports in the literature describing this scenario this case indicates the need for reevaluation in treatment options in partial hamstring muscle ruptures a surgical treatment of partial rupture should be considered more often as an adequate treatment option and cofactors that influence the prognosis must be revealed the indication of surgical MI should be reevaluated within the first months in case of CT

we evaluated the role of cICAM-1 in the pathogenesis of hepatolithiasis from december to may patients with hepatolithiasis were included all the patients met the following criteria presence of hepatolithiasis no obvious clinical evidence of an associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma no clinical manifestation of cholangitis for at least hr no immunomodulatory agents in the last three weeks and no blood transfusion in the last three weeks venous blood samples were collected both before surgery and at least three months T3 complete clearance of the stones and the serum concentrations of circulating intercellular adhesion molecule were measured with a sandwich EIA fifteen HS were used as a control group bile specimens routinely obtained during surgery were cultured for aerobes and anaerobes the xray films of cholangiography were all reviewed in detail the mean value ngml of cICAM-1 icam in the patient group before surgery was significantly higher than that ngml of the control group p the mean value ngml of circulating icam in the patient group at least three months T3 CR clearance of the stones was significantly lower than that ngml of the patients before surgery p but this mean value ngml was still significantly higher than that ngml of the control group p bacteria was present in the bile of all patients the total number of bacterial species was and there were an average of bacterial species cultured per patient intrahepatic stricture was demonstrated in cholangiography in patients in addition to the high incidence of intrahepatic bile duct strictures and bile infection a significant elevation in cICAM-1 sicam was shown in patients with hepatolithiasis our preliminary results seem to be promising and the real role of sicam deserves further investigation and elucidation

twenty frozen semen samples from normal donors were thawed washed in earles medium and allowed to swim up using standard techniques the samples were evaluated before and after the swim up for progressive motility and concentration morphologically normal sperm were assessed for acrosomal integrity according to the relative percentages of normal damaged or lost acrosomes the motility improvednodiffusion in patients with systemic LE sle n PSS pss n and sjögrens syndrome n ifl showed antinuclear antibodies with a frequency of to patients with localized scleroderma n and DLE n had antinuclear antibodies in and of cases respectively in patients with vasculitis n FL antinuclear antibodies were only rarely detected in the ID lespecific antism antibodies were demonstrated in antinrnp nrnp antibodies in and antiro antibodies in of patients with sle in sjögrens syndrome antiro antibodies were found in and antila antibodies in of patients of patients with pss had the diseasespecific antiscl antibody while only had antinucleolar antibodies as detected by ifl in patients with localized scleroderma dermatomyositis n or vasculitis no precipitating antibodies were detectable the demonstration by immunodiffusion of nuclear antibodies in patients with discoid le could be connected with a transition to a systemic course of the disease

the influence of DSR dsr and gender on the arterial baroreflex regulation of HR rate hr and lumbar sympathetic nerve activity lsna was examined in male sedentary sed and dsr and female sed and dsr SDRs after wk of dsr or sed control all animals were chronically instrumented with right FA A-V and left carotid arterial catheters and electrodes around the LST dsr resulted in an increase in heart weighttobody weight ratio p in male and female rats and resting bradycardia in male rats p arterial baroreflex function was examined by ramp increases mmhgs and decreases mmhgs in arterial pressure dsr attenuated the arterial baroreflex regulation of lsna in a similar manner in female and male rats dsr reduced the range and for female and male rats respectively maximum and for female and male rats respectively and maximum gain gmax and for female and male rats respectively in contrast there was a gender influence on the arterial baroreflex regulation of hr for example sed female rats had a higher gmax than sed male rats furthermore dsr altered the arterial baroreflex regulation of hr differently in male and female rats dsr female rats had a reduced gmax range and maximum whereas dsr male rats had a reduced maximum and minimum these results demonstrate that dsr att the arterial baroreflex regulation of lsna in a similar manner in female and male rats in contrast dsr altered the arterial baroreflex regulation of hr differently in female and male rats

as a prerequisite to standardization of dermatophyte susceptibility testing conditions that support optimal growth of different dermatophyte species must be established eighteen isolates of trichophyton spp t rubrum t mentagrophytes t tonsurans were grown in different media rpmi with lglutamine without sodium bicarbonate and buffered at ph antibiotic medium penassay yeast nitrogen base with dextrose buffered at ph and sabouraud dextrose broth incubation for days at degrees c produced the following results rpmi and sabouraud dextrose supported equally sufficient growth for all strains tested penassay supported growth of only of the isolates tested and buffered yeast nitrogen base did not support growth of any isolates rpmi was selected as the optimal medium and organisms were tested at both degrees c and degrees c with a standardized inoculum density of conidiaml no temperature differences were noted in the amount of growth of the dermatophytes tested with rpmi at an incubation temperature of degrees c inoculum sizes and conidiaml were tested against antifungal agents griseofulvin itraconazole TBF and fluconazole inoculum size did not affect MIC concentration mic results for itraconazole or TBF but a larger inoculum produced a slightly higher mic for GF and a noticeably higher mic for fluconazole our data support the use of rpmi degrees c and days as an incubation temperature and time respectively and an inoculum of conidiaml as optimal conditions for the determination of the antifungal susceptibility of dermatophytes

the production of a kda protein was greatly increased when a sulfur and ferrous ironoxidizing species of sulfolobus was switched from growth on tetrathionate to growth on Fe2+ the gene encoding the protein was cloned and sequenced the predicted amino CS showed significant similarity to those of the alkyl hydroperoxide reductasethiol TPS antioxidant family of proteins that appear to be involved in responses to certain types of oxidative stress

hemophilia b is a bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency of clotting factor ix fix a colony of fix deficient lhasa apso dogs has been established and the molecular basis of hemophilia b has been determined the plasma factor ix C2 were of normal canine C2 in affected dogs a complex deletion mutation at nucleotides was found when hepatocyte cdna from a hemophilia b dog was sequenced the CS was MZ to the normal canine sequence except for a deletion including nucleotides and a ct transition at nucleotide the mutation results in mrna instability and a PTC in the nucleotide sequence encoding the AP the mutation was verified by sequencing genomic dna from an fixdeficient dog a genetic test for the PCD of heterozygous animals was established using heteroduplex analysis although hemophilia b has been described in many dog breeds this is only the second mutation to be sequenced the lhasa apso dog MM should be valuable for evaluating novel strategies for treating hemophilia b such as GT

we examine volumetric ct perfusion in soft tissues of the entire foot with an en bloc technique to provide a meaningful measure of differentiation between mild and major vascular impairment with institutional review board approval healthy male subjects between the ages of and mean were enrolled volumetric computed tomography using an en bloc technique was conducted on subjects for validation while unilateral vascular obstruction was simulated in the calves of the remaining subjects perfusion estimates were made using inhouse software and differences in perfusion estimates between feet were evaluated with students ttest at confidence subjects with simulated L1 V1 obstruction calf blood pressure cuff inflated to mmhg showed significantly higher ratios of perfusion estimates between the unobstructed and obstructed foot compared to subjects with simulated mild V1 one cuff inflated to mmhg mean sd vs mean sd p CTP using an en bloc technique shows promise for the future DUE of patients with critical limb ischemia and particularly for recharacterization post medical surgical or endovascular intervention

this T0 investigates the changes in MMG mmg topographical maps of the upper trapezius muscle during short and sustained ISO contractions until task failure mmg signals were detected over the dominant upper trapezius muscle of volunteers using an unstructured grid of accelerometers the subjects performed ISO shoulder elevation at maximal voluntary contraction mvc mvc for s and mvc until task failure maps of absolute and normalised average rectified value arv and MPF mnf were obtained from the 2DE mmg recordings entropy measure of heterogeneity of maps of the mmg arv and mnf distributions changes over time of arv and mnf and the ratio between arv at the task failure and at mvc activation ratio were analysed in relation to the time to task failure for the short duration and sustained contractions mmg arv and mnf depended on accelerometer location p while normalised values did not the activation ratio was positively correlated with the time to task failure r p lower arv entropy values p greater mmg arv increase during the endurance test p and higher values of arv activation ratio p were observed in the subjects with longer time to task failure the results demonstrate an association between time to task failure and mmg activation ratio and arv entropy which indicates that spatial variations in mmg activity and its changes over time underlie PET mechanisms for the maintenance of force during fatiguing contractions

splenomas have been described as benign congenital growths we report six cases of splenomas all in males three had HCL one had HD disease and one had MM average splenic weight was gm and all had multiple splenomas average diameter cm splenomas bulged above the cut splenic surface were pseudoencapsulated and showed involvement of the underlying disease a reevaluation of prior cases are adult age with associated with neoplastic disease or hematologic abnormalities average spleen weight was gm and contained multiple splenomas we conclude that splenomas are most likely an acquired proliferative process strongly associated with neoplastic disease or hematologic CA splenomas can also be congenital growths hamartoma of the series which are of little importance

betamicroglobulin betam is a residue protein with an immunoglobulin fold that forms betasheetrich amyloid fibrils in DRA here the environment and accessibility of side chains within amyloid fibrils formed in vitro from betam with a long straight morphology are probed by sitedirected spin labeling and accessibility to modification with nethyl maleimide using sitespecific cysteine SCV continuous wave EPR of these fibrils reveals a core predominantly organized in a parallel inregister arrangement by contrast with other betam aggregates a continuous array of parallel inregister betastrands involving most of the polypeptide CS is inconsistent with the cryo-EM structure which reveals an architecture based on subunit repeats to reconcile these data the number of spins in close proximity required to give rise to spin exchange was determined systematic studies of a MM protein system indicated that juxtaposition of four spin labels is sufficient to generate exchange narrowing combined with information about sidechain mobility and accessibility we propose that the amyloid fibrils of betam consist of about six betam monomers organized in stacks with a parallel inregister array the results suggest an organization more complex than the accordionlike betasandwich structure commonly proposed for amyloid fibrils

maintaining blood gl homeostasis is a complex process that depends on pancreatic islet hormone secretion hormone secretion from islets is coupled to calcium entry which results from regenerative islet cell electrical activity therefore the ionic mechanisms that regulate calcium entry into PIC are crucial for maintaining normal gl homeostasis genomewide association studies gwas have identified singlenucleotide polymorphisms snps including five located in or near ionchannel or associated S1 genes which show an association with human diseases characterized by dysglycemia this review focuses on polymorphisms and mutations in ionchannel genes that are associated with perturbations in human gl homeostasis and discusses their potential roles in modulating pancreatic islet hormone secretion

the formation of SQ free radicals of doxorubicin epirubicin daunorubicin and idarubicin was measured by electron paramagnetic resonance epr spectroscopy in hypoxic suspensions of chinese hamster ovary cho cells the amount of SQ produced was in the order idarubicin doxorubicin daunorubicin epirubicin the idarubicin SQ signal was both the fastest to be formed and to decay idarubicin which was the most lipophilic of the anthracyclines studied also displayed the fastest fluorescencemeasured cellular uptake of drug thus it was concluded that SQ formation was dependent upon the rate of cellular uptake lysed cell suspensions were also shown to be capable of producing the doxorubicin SQ in the presence of added nadph the cardioprotective agent DEX icrf was observed to decrease the amount of doxorubicin SQ observed in cell suspensions DEX also decreased the amount of doxorubicin semiquinone observed in the nadphlysed cell suspension mixture neither bipyridine nor deferoxamine decreased nadphdependent doxorubicin SQ formation these results suggest that DEX does not decrease doxorubicin SQ formation through an iron complex formed from hydrolyzed DEX DEX may be inhibiting an nadphdependent enzyme

the object of the present study was to clarify the neurotransmitters controlling membrane responses to electrical FS efs in the longitudinal smooth muscle cells of the chicken anterior CMA efs pulses at hz evoked a depolarization of amplitude mv total duration s and latency ms this depolarization was tetrodotoxin ttxsensitive and its amplitude was partially decreased by atropine microm however its duration was shortened by further addition of prazosin microm atropineprazosinresistant component was blocked by the nonspecific purinergic antagonist suramin in a dosedependent manner indicating that this component is mediated by the neurotransmitter adenosine triphosphate atp neither desensitization nor blocking of px receptor with its putative receptor agonist alphabetamethylene atp alphabetameatp microm and its antagonist pyridoxalphosphateazophenyldisulfonic ppads up to microm had significant effect on the P2 depolarization in contrast either desensitization or blocking of py receptor with its putative agonist methylthioatp mesatp microm and its antagonist cibacron blue fga cbfga microm abolished the P2 depolarization indicating that this response is mediated through py but not px receptor the P2 depolarization was inhibited by pertussis toxin ptx ng ml furthermore it was significantly inhibited by a phospholipase c plc inhibitor u microm indicating that the receptors involved in mediating the purinergic depolarization are linked to a ptxsensitive gprotein which is involved in a plcmediated signaling pathway data of the present T0 suggest that the efsinduced excitatory membrane response occurring in the longitudinal smooth muscle of the chicken anterior MES i.a. is mainly purinergic in nature and is mediated via py purinoceptors

PV is a chronic autoimmune disease and glucocorticoids are one of the main treatments our study investigates the prevalence and associated factors of glucocorticoidinduced diabetes mellitus in these patients under different glucocorticoid regimens patients with first diagnosed pemphigus vulgaris based on pathological and direct immunofluorescence findings who had received different glucocorticoid regimens mgkg oral or mgkg oral with g methylprednisolone pulse daily for consecutive days with or without azathioprine were evaluated during our study found that of patients had IFG and incidence of corticosteroidinduced diabetes mellitus was with no difference between oral and PP therapy of corticosteroid the first day after PP therapy patients of had post bolus HG that of them became diabetic after weeks none of the variables including age bmi hbac ldl hdl tg cholesterol family history and blood pressure were associated with diabetes i.c.v. fbs was the factor that would increase the likelihood of glucocorticoidinduced diabetes mellitus of patients with i.c.v. fbs developed diabetes in comparison with in normal pretreatment fbs although the group who received azathioprine was associated with increased incidence of diabetes the overall corticosteroid dose in this group was significantly higher than the other group p and controversy with other studies could be because of difference in corticosteroid dosage and small number of patients the incidence of diabetes was not different between the group with glucocorticoid pulses and oral prednisolone without pulse therapy higher i.c.v. fbs can be related to increased incidence of diabetes but results from this study due to small number of patients are preliminary and multicenter studies are needed

acute tests on spinal cats were set up to enquire into the effect produced by sodium oxybutyrate HB sodium and viadril used in anesthetic doses on the evoked responses in the VL columns of the spinal cord following stimulation of the skin and pelvic nerves with single and paired stimuli at an interval of msec sodium oxybutyrate forces the amplitude of both the evoked responses after the paired stimulation below the initial level by per cent hexobarbital sodium and viadril without changing noticeably the amplitude of the T1 are instrumental in reducing the second one by as much as per cent the responses obtained on stimulation of the pelvic nerve are more sensitive to the test substances than are those evoked by the stimulation of the skin nerve

closepacked structures of uniformly sized spheres are ubiquitous across diverse material systems including elements micelles and colloidal assemblies however the controlled access to a TPS symmetry of selfassembled closepacked spherical particles has not been well established we investigated the ordering of spherical block copolymer micelles in aqueous solutions that was induced by rapid temperature changes referred to as quenching as a function of quench depth the quenched selfassembled block copolymer micelles formed three different closepacked structures facecentered cubic fcc random stacking of hexagonalclosepacked layers rhcp and hexagonalclosepacked hcp the induced hcp and rhcp structures were SD for at least a few weeks when maintained at their quench temperatures but heating or cooling these hcp and rhcp structures transformed both structures to fcc crystallites with coarsening of the crystal grains which suggests that these noncubic closepacked structures are intermediate states TR scattering experiments prove that the micellar rhcp structures do not originate from the rapid growth of competing closepacked structures we speculate that the longlived metastable hcp and rhcp structures originate from the small size of crystal grains which introduces a nonnegligible laplace pressure to the crystal domains the reported transitions from the less SD hcp to the more stable rhcp and fcis study indicate that such partially biodegradable pmma⁻mg composite may be ideal bone cement for minimally invasive orthopedic surgeries such as vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty

mucin is produced and secreted by epithelial goblet cells and is a key component of the innate IS acting as a barrier in the intestinal tract however no studies have been conducted investigating the increase in mucin secretion to enhance the intestinal barrier CF the present T0 investigated whether rebamipide reb acts as a secretagogue of intestinal mucin and the underlying mechanisms involved thereby focusing on the effect on goblet cells the lst cell L1 was used as goblet cell‑like cells using reb‑treated lst cells the level of mucin content was assessed by periodic acid‑schiff pas IF and mucin oligomeric mucusgel‑forming muc mrna expression was assessed using QPCR pcr furthermore muc secretion in the supernatant was quantified by the dot blot method the present T0 additionally investigated the involvement of the epidermal growth factor receptorakt serinethreonine kinase akt pathway in mucin secretion by WB the results suggested that reb strongly enhanced the positivity of pas staining in lst cells thereby suggesting increased intracellular mucin production the pcr results indicated that reb significantly increased muc mrna in whole cell lysate of lst cells in order to assess the subsequent secretion of mucin by lst muc protein expression in the supernatant was assessed using the dot blot method and it was demonstrated that reb significantly increased the secretion of muc in a concentration‑dependent manner the p‑akt was significantly increased by reb treatment and an akt inhibitor specifically suppressed muc secretion overall reb increased mucin secretion directly via p‑akt reb‑increased mucin may act as a strong non‑specific barrier against pathogenic stimulants in various intestinal diseases

placental tissues were collected during late gestation group i n pre partum group ii n and post partum n of the PP cows released the fetal CM normally group iii and retained the fetal membranes group iv S9 of dispersed fetal placental cells S9 EC in BNC bnc or in small principal cells as well as tissue minces were utilized maternal placental tissue caruncle and fetal placental principal cells made minimal conversion of prenenolone and androstenedione to other CS less than conversion fetal placental tissue and EC preparations of bnc were more active and were similar in their conversion of pregnenolone and androstenedione to other steroids bnc converted pregnenolone primarily to progesterone during late gestation but this was altered in the direction of oestrogens pre partum and post partum bnc were capable of converting androstenedione to oestrogens but this ability diminished greatly post partum if the fetal membranes were released normally invitro treatment of fetal placental tissue minces with dexamethasone increased the conversion of pregnenolone to androstenedione and the oestrogens but did not alter the conversion the primary cell type involved in fetal placental steroidogenesis peripartum and that dexamethasone may alter this steroidogenesis by activating the clyase enzyme complex

previous studies of the adverse effects of isolated and BL ISH excluded or underrepresented type diabetic patients the aim of this T0 was to evaluate the prevalence and role of isolated and borderline ISH in a cohort of type diabetic patients

the course of EP caused by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is strongly influenced by management and housing conditions other AF including differences in virulence between m hyopneumoniae strains may also be involved the aim of this T0 was to evaluate the virulence of six m hyopneumoniae field isolates and link it to genetic differences as determined by randomly amplified polymorphic dna rapd analysis ninety conventional m hyopneumoniaefree piglets were inoculated intratracheally with the field isolates a virulent REF strain or sterile culture medium animals were examined daily for the presence of disease signs and a respiratory disease score rds was assessed per pig twentyeight days post infection pigs were euthanized blood sampled and a lung lesion score was given lung samples were processed for histopathology immunofluorescence testing for m hyopneumoniae and isolation of m hyopneumoniae rapd analysis was performed on all m hyopneumoniae strains significant differences between isolates were found for the rds lung lesion score histopathology immunofluorescence and serology based on the results of the different parameters isolates were divided into three virulence groups low moderately and highly virulent strains typically a bp rapd fragment was associated with the highly and moderately virulent strains whereas it was absent in low virulent strains it was concluded that high R2 in virulence exists between m hyopneumoniae strains isolated from different swine herds further studies are required to determine whether the bp fragment obtained in the rapd analysis can be used as a virulence marker

in many cellular systems the shape of survival curves is changed from a sigmoidal to a purely exponential type if the let of the radiation is increased this is often explained by the hypothesis that repair mechanisms are less ERP or nonfunctional with lesions generated by densely IR the absence of splitdose sparing andor REC from potentially lethal damage is then taken as further support a careful consideration has to take into account however that with particle exposure the pattern of SE deposition varies considerably within a cell population and that the actual distribution depends also on cell geometry if one accepts the view that with lowlet radiations repair may be saturated at high dose the survival curve shape characteristic of high let may be explained by the assumption that in this case saturation may occur due to the SE deposited by one or few heavy charged particles the absence of REC would then be due to microdosimetric parameters rather than to the nature or DP of the primary molecular lesions this alternative can be tested quantitatively by comparative analysis of the survival behaviour of different cellular systems exposed to radiations of varying let our experiments with yeast strains of different sensitivities show that recovery from potentially lethal damage can be demonstrated even T3 SE to uranium ions quantitative analysis leads to the conclusion that the apparent reduction in the extent of recovery is mostly due to saturation at the celior of inhaled vapors and gases in the body tissue uptake of poorly soluble chemicals oilgas partition coefficient less than is flow limited at the beginning of SE but the partial pressures of such chemicals in the body equilibrate very rapidly with AA increased pulmonary uptake compensates for metabolic clearance the rapid response of tissue concentrations to changes in SE concentrations indicates that the toxic effect can easily be induced by shortterm increase of exposure concentration and that emergence from the reversible effect is rapid when SE ceases tissue uptake of chemicals with oilgas partition coefficients between and is flow limited during the entire h exposure tissue concentrations increase slowly pulmonary uptake being restricted by VA compensates at Css only for the amount of chemical removed by metabolic clearance therefore tissue concentrations at steady state are lower than biosolubility accumulation during occupational exposure is obvious dumping of inhaled chemicals in AT protects the lung from the occasional ST increases in the SE concentration tissue uptake of highly soluble chemicals oilgas partition coefficients greater than is limited by VA and SE concentration the rising and declining of tissue concentrations is very slow halftimes being in the magnitude of months and years metabolism reduces the halftime significantly a lagging acute toxic effect can develop as the chemical accumulates in the body the effect is most likely to persist long T3 the termination of the exposureabstract truncated at words

silica exposure results in an increased lifelong risk of developing mycobacterial pulmonary infections to date there are no animal models that replicate this finding to permit assessment of the mechanisms underlying susceptibility to mycobacterial infection to test the hypothesis that prior Si exposure increases risk of mycobacterial infection we intratracheally it administered silica a control dust alo or saline into MV cbl mice later the mice received MAC or mycobacterium tuberculosis it mice were sacrificed at defined time points and mycobacteria in lung homogenates were quantified m avium or m tuberculosis infection was markedly increased in silicaexposed mice compared with mice exposed to either alo or saline beginning wk after silica exposure similarly lung sections from silicaexposed mice had many more acid fast bacilli afb organisms than from control mice alveolar macrophages ams from bronchoalveolar lavage of silicaexposed mice also revealed a higher number of mycobacteria compared with mice treated with alo or saline in addition passive transfer of ams from silicaexposed mice to control mice increased m tuberculosis susceptibility these results indicate that silica exposure converts mycobacteriaresistant mice into mycobacteriasusceptible mice via a process that likely involves a new population of ams that are more susceptible to mycobacterial infection

the optimal composition and antigen content of acellular pertussis vaccines is not known two vaccines with different quantities of pertussis toxoid and micrograms and filamentous hemagglutinin and micrograms and identical kd protein micrograms and fimbriae and micrograms combined with DT were compared in a randomized doubleblind study in infants undergoing their primary immunization series at centers in the us and canada a increased antigen to lower antigen allocation was used of infants received doses and completed the T0 a clinically significant local reaction was reported in of participants T3 each dose erythema was the most common reaction occurring in of infants T3 the second or third dose a clinically significant SVR adverse reaction was reported in of vaccinees or vaccinated children T3 each dose fever and fussiness were most common there were no differences in AEs between the vaccine formulations antibody responses were measured in infants at center at months geometric mean antifilamentous hemagglutinin antibody titers were higher in recipients of the higher antigen content vaccine p whereas recipients of the lower antigen content formulation had higher antifimbriaeozoa and plants as well as in three cases for nuclear transcripts of mammals the mitochondrial trna for aspartic acid is encoded in the mitochondrial genome of marsupials with the anticodon gcc however cdna from the gene product revealed that the second nucleotide of the anticodon of the trna is posttranscriptionally changed to be recognized as an uridine residue this restores the coding property of the trna direct sequencing as well as clones of the amplified cdna indicated that about of the cellular pool of pretrna molecules for aspartic acid is edited thus rna editing occurs in mammalian mitochondria and can affect the anticodons of trnas

cross sectional and m mode echocardiography detected a C1 RA atrial mass in a year old man five days after admission three weeks later he developed ARDS due to a pulmonary embolism necropsy showed that the atrial mass was a thrombus thus echocardiography should be performed in patients with PE to examine the RA cardiac cavities the need for emergency surgery could then be assessed

ultrastructural immunogold labelling of ovine placentomes demonstrated that the molecule recognized by the monoclonal antibody sbu is restricted to the fetal binucleate cell LG and golgi body and LG of similar size in the syncytium quantitative examination shows that the percentage of placentomal mature BNC that are sbupositive increases rapidly from a low level at days of pregnancy to a plateau at virtually per cent from days to term whereas interplacentomal BNC rarely show label at any stage there were no detectable differences in ultrastructure between sbupositive or negative BNC these results corroborate the hypothesis of syncytium formation by migration of BNC and indicate LC of sbu production and its possible role in villus formation

limb salvage was previously described for patients with osteogenic sarcoma who had resectable lesions in the very young child the usual methods of reconstruction are not applicable due to the resulting L1 leglength inequality one solution is to resect the lesion in accordance with good CA surgery guidelines and then perform a rotationplasty of the van nes type the ankle then functions as a knee joint and the final result is a belowknee amputation rather than a high AK amputation functional results in two patients were remarkably good

recombinant interferon α ifnα and interferon β ifnβ are efficient drugs for clinical use in multiple sclerosis HC virus infection and malignant diseases we report a case of a yearold woman with RRMS multiple sclerosis who was treated with interferon betab for several years before being admitted to our department with nephroticrange proteinuria protein excretion gd and SS albumin level of gdl without any clinical and laboratory NC typical for a systemic autoimmune disease the kidney biopsy led to the diagnosis of immune complexmediated MPGN with immunoglobulin and complement deposits visible by immunohistology as well as subendothelial deposits and TRI evident by electron microscopy subsequently replacing interferon betab with glatiramer acetate resulted in partial remission with proteinuria decreasing to protein excretion of gd months thereafter the association of a focal mesangiocapillary glomerular NC and immunoglobulincomplement deposits with tubuloreticular inclusions suggests LN to our knowledge this is the first report of an interferon betabinduced immune complex glomerulonephritis characterized by histologic immunohistologic and ultrastructural features that resembled LN but that occurred in a patient without evidence of systemic lupus erythematosus our review of exp data and earlier case reports suggests a pathogenic role of recombinant ifn in some AD especially those with the potency to induce systemic lupus erythematosuslike syndromes

the purpose of this T0 is to evaluate the magnitude of the error in dose delivery caused by the use of open beam depth dose data in dosimetry calculations for wedged photon beams isodose plans were calculated for treatments given in a field isocentric prostate or rectal setup using an open ap beam with two lateral wedged beams the dose distributions were first calculated using open beam depth dose data for all three fields next the open beam data was used only for the ap field and true wedged beam depth dose data was substituted for the two lateral wedged fields the magnitude of the depth dose variations for wedged vs open beams depends on the nominal beam SE the wedge angle and the depth of measurement consequently isodose distributions calculated for wedged fields were found to be different when true wedged beam depth dose data was used instead of open beam data as is commonly done MU calculations using a field size TPS wedge factor show that dose delivery errors up to can result from the use of open beam depth dose data in wedged beam dose distribution calculations for a mv photon beam accurate treatment planning for wedged fields requires the use of wedged beam depth dose data TPS to each wedge simply using open beam depth dose data in dose calculations for wedged beams will result in dose delivery errors the magnitude of which depends on the combination of wedge angle field size and nominal beam SE

to facilitate gene delivery into animal cells we developed and characterized a family of singletranscript vectors stvs with different selection markers expressed from the internal ribosomal entry site ires of EMC virus emcv retroviral iresstvs riresstvs were assembled using an lncx backbone miller and rosman in all of these constructs a multiple cloning site mcs is located immediately downstream of the single promoter and is followed by the ires CS and a selectable marker this configuration ensures that the mcsinserted gene will be expressed in selected cells the selectable markers of these vectors provide resistance to g puromycin hygromycin b histidinol d and phleomycin one stv contains green fluorescent protein gfp as a selectable marker permitting facsmediated selection which may prove useful in GT applications more than of recipient cells could be infected with riresstvs after one round of infection up to of infected cells expressed the reporter gene gfp after selection with an AGA drug when ecotropic receptor was delivered via riresstv into human ht cells populations of drugselected cells as well as a majority of individual clones were found to be highly susceptible to infection by ecotropic retroviruses

the utility of a liquid extraction based sealing surface sampling probe sssp for the direct mass spectrometric analysis of targeted drugs and metabolites in dried blood spots dbss and whole mouse thin tissue sections was demonstrated the accuracy and precision for the quantitative analysis of a minimum of ngml sitamaquine or acetaminophen in dbss on paper were well within the required dictated by internationally recognized acceptance criteria for assay validations analysis of wholebody mouse thin tissue sections from animals dosed with propranolol adhered to an adhesive tape ATP provided semiquantitative information for propranolol and its hydroxyproranolol MPAG within specific organs of the tissue the relative abundances recorded for the two EDC in the BB lung kidney and liver were in nominal agreement with previously reported amounts based on analysis using a liquid microjunction surface sampling probe lmjssp wholebody autoradiography wba and highpressure liquid chromatographymass spectrometry hplcms the ability to sample and analyze from tapeadhered tissue samples which are generally employed in wba analysis presents the possibility of consecutive wba and ssspms analysis of the same tissue section this would facilitate assignment and possibly quantitation of the different molecular forms of total drug related material detected in the wba analysis the flexibility to sample larger or smaller spot sizes alternative probe sealing mechanisms and a reduction in internal volumes and associated sample carryover issues will be among the first simple improvements necessary to make the ssspms method a practical dbs andor thin tissue section analysis tool or to expand its use to other surface sampling applications

in order to further understand the contamination of the citrus pulp pellets cpp that were exported to europe in we examined both contaminated lime and cpp samples for the distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls pcbs and chlorinated benzenes trihexa standard ID techniques were applied for all samples which were analysed by SIM high resolution gcms lime that is used in the production of cpp product is highly contaminated with pcbs and chlorobenzenes

to investigate the effectiveness of isokinetic ST of ankle and knee muscles in adults with chronic acquired BB injury abi

the authors report a female presenting with congenital heart defects liver hemangiomas and facial dysmorphisms admitted to hospital at months of age because of feeding difficulties and poor growth she had hypotonia and large tongue coarse face and umbilical hernia in presence of complex congenital cardiovascular malformations in spite of normal neonatal screening we performed serum levels of thyroid hormones thyrotropin level was very high microuml normal value microuml while serum FT ft and free t ft levels were normal ft pgml normal value pgml ft pgml normal value pgml antithyroid autoantibodies were absent ts with sodium m tc pertechnetate showed a small ectopic thyroid located in sublingual position so treatment with lthyroxine microg hr was started with rapid improvement of the clinical picture at months of age the patient developed the CR characteristic phenotype of WMS ws the clinical diagnosis was proven by fluorescent in situ hybridization fish analysis which showed hemizygous deletion of the elastin gene on chromosome recently a case of thyroid hemiagenesis in a child with ws has been reported our patient underscores the association of hypothyroidism and ws moreover our case shows that clinical manifestations of HT may be present and the treatment may be necessary as it is in isolated congenital hypothyroidism

depending on the stage of development a growth factor can mediate cell proliferation survival or differentiation the interaction of cellsurface integrins with EM ligands can regulate growth factor responses and thus may influence the effect mediated by the growth factor here we show by using mice lacking the alpha integrin receptor for laminins that myelinforming oligodendrocytes activate an integrinregulated switch in survival signalling when they contact axonal laminins this switch alters survival signalling mediated by neuregulin from dependence on the phosphatidylinositoloh kinase pik pathway to dependence on the mitogenactivated kinase pathway the consequent enhanced survival provides a mechanism for targetdependent selection during OD of the CNS system this integrinregulated switch reverses the capacity of neuregulin to inhibit the differentiation of precursors thereby explaining how neuregulin subsequently promotes differentiation and survival in myelinating oligodendrocytes our results provide a GA mechanism by which growth factors can exert apparently contradictory effects at different stages of OD in individual cell lineages

ENL enl or type lepra reactions complicate LL and BL leprosy we report an year retrospective case record analysis of outpatients with BL and LL leprosy at the dhoolpet leprosy research center in hyderabad india the overall prevalence of enl was among cases of lepromatous leprosy ll and among cases of borderline LL bl leprosy LR analysis identified ll odds ratio or confidence interval ci p and bl with a bacterial index or or ci p as major risk AF the average patient with enl was male years of age and had multiple episodes of enl mean over an month period three types of enl were identified single acute enl multiple acute enl repeated discrete episodes and chronic enl continuous episodes acute single enl is rare accounting for only of cases chronic enl accounted for of the cohort chronic enl was of longer duration and more severe an age or years was a risk factor for developing chronic enl patients with chronic enl were more compliant with multidrug therapy especially during the first six doses of multidrug therapy distinguishing these different types of enl would be useful for patient management and developing improved treatment of these debilitating reactions improved strategies for treatment and management of these reactions need to be developed

the effects of atmospheric pressure cooking apc and highpressure cooking hpc on the physicochemical and nutritional properties of barlotto bean chickpea faba bean and white kidney bean were investigated the hardness of the legumes cooked by apc or hpc were not statistically different p apc resulted in higher percentage of seed coat splits than hpc both cooking methods decreased hunter l value significantly p the a and b values of darkcolored seeds decreased T3 cooking while these values tended to increase for the lightcolored seeds the total amounts of solid lost from legume seeds were higher after hpc compared with apc rapidly digestible starch rds percentages increased considerably after both cooking methods high pressure cooked legumes resulted in higher C2 of RS rs but lower C2 of slowly digestible ST sds than the atmospheric pressure cooked legumes