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# Individuality Of Handwriting (CEDAR)
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## Abstract
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Motivated by several rulings in United States courts concerning expert testimony in general, and handwriting testimony in particular, we undertook a study to objectively validate the hypothesis that handwriting is individual.
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Srihari SN, Cha SH, Arora H, Lee S. Individuality of handwriting. J Forensic Sci. 2002 Jul;47(4):856-72. PMID: 12136998.
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# Individuality Of Handwriting (CEDAR)
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## Dataset Description
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- **Homepage**: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12136998/
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- **Homepage**: https://cedar.buffalo.edu/NIJ/projectinfo.html
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## Abstract
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Motivated by several rulings in United States courts concerning expert testimony in general, and handwriting testimony in particular, we undertook a study to objectively validate the hypothesis that handwriting is individual.
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Handwriting samples of 1,500 individuals, representative of the U.S. population with respect to gender, age, ethnic groups, etc., were obtained.
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Analyzing differences in handwriting was done by using computer algorithms for extracting features from scanned images of handwriting.
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Attributes characteristic of the handwriting were obtained, e.g., line separation, slant, character shapes, etc.
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These attributes, which are a subset of attributes used by forensic document examiners (FDEs), were used to quantitatively establish individuality by using machine learning approaches.
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Using global attributes of handwriting and very few characters in the writing, the ability to determine the writer with a high degree of confidence was established.
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The work is a step towards providing scientific support for admitting handwriting evidence in court.
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The mathematical approach and the resulting software also have the promise of aiding the FDE.
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Srihari SN, Cha SH, Arora H, Lee S. Individuality of handwriting. J Forensic Sci. 2002 Jul;47(4):856-72. PMID: 12136998.
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