Add BiTTE model card
Browse files
README.md
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---
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tags:
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- image-classification
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- microbiology
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- gram-stain
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- medical-imaging
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- research-use-only
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- urine
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- blood-culture
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pipeline_tag: image-classification
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---
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# BiTTE
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BiTTE is an application within the CarbConnect platform. It is designed for the simple and efficient classification of microorganisms from Gram-stained microscopy images.
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The app classifies findings into seven primary groups:
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1. Gram-negative rods (GNR)
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2. Gram-negative cocci (GNC)
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3. Gram-positive rods (GPR)
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4. Gram-positive cocci (GPC)
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5. Yeast-like fungi
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6. No bacteria
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7. Multiple bacteria
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BiTTE also supports more detailed subcategories beyond these primary output groups.
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## Intended Uses and Limitations
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BiTTE is strictly intended for **Research Use Only (RUO)**.
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It is **not** intended for:
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- clinical diagnostics
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- medical procedures
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- patient management
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- therapeutic selection
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- any regulated clinical use
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For further details, please refer to the BiTTE Learn More page on CarbConnect.
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## How to Use
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A video tutorial demonstrating how to use the app is available on YouTube.
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## Training Data
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The model was trained on a dataset of Gram-stained images of urine and blood culture specimens generously provided by:
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- the School of Medicine, Kobe University
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- the National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM)
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Specimens were Gram-stained using either the Favor or Barmy method.
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Image acquisition was performed by photographing specimens through the eyepiece of an optical microscope at **1000x magnification** using a smartphone camera.
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The dataset captures frequently encountered clinical bacterial species and includes:
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- 15 species in urine specimens
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- 19 species in aerobic blood culture specimens
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- 13 species in anaerobic blood culture specimens
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## Performance and Evidence
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Related publication:
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Kei Yamamoto, Goh Ohji, et al. *Accuracy of classification of urinary Gram-stain findings by a computer-aided diagnosis app compared with microbiology specialists*. J Med Microbiol. 2025 Apr;74(4):002008. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.002008.
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Paper link:
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https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jmm/10.1099/jmm.0.002008
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## Citation
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If you use BiTTE in research, please cite:
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```bibtex
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@article{yamamoto2025bitte,
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author = {Yamamoto, Kei and Ohji, Goh and others},
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title = {Accuracy of classification of urinary Gram-stain findings by a computer-aided diagnosis app compared with microbiology specialists},
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journal = {Journal of Medical Microbiology},
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year = {2025},
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month = {Apr},
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volume = {74},
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number = {4},
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pages = {002008},
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doi = {10.1099/jmm.0.002008}
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}
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```
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## Other Remarks
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For guidance on achieving high-quality Gram staining, please refer to the automated gram stainer **Point of Care Gram Stainer (PoCGS)**.
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