Update app.py

app.py

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8
-# Reinaldo Chaves (reichaves@gmail.com)
-# Este projeto implementa um sistema de Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) conversacional 
-# usando Streamlit, LangChain, e modelos de linguagem de grande escala - para entrevistar conteúdo de URLs
-# Geração de respostas usando o modelo llama-3.2-90b-text-preview da Meta
-# Embeddings de texto usando o modelo all-MiniLM-L6-v2 do Hugging Face
-
+# Author: Reinaldo Chaves (reichaves@gmail.com)
+# This project implements a conversational Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) system
+# using Streamlit, LangChain, and large language models to interview content from URLs
+# Response generation uses the llama-3.2-90b-text-preview model from Meta
+# Text embeddings use the all-MiniLM-L6-v2 model from Hugging Face
+# I am grateful for Krish C Naik's classes (https://www.youtube.com/user/krishnaik06)
+
+# Import necessary libraries
 import streamlit as st
 from langchain.chains import create_history_aware_retriever, create_retrieval_chain
 from langchain.chains.combine_documents import create_stuff_documents_chain
@@ -26,10 +28,11 @@ from langchain_core.outputs import ChatResult
 from langchain_groq import ChatGroq
 from pydantic import Field
 
-# Configurar o tema para dark
+# Configure Streamlit page settings
 st.set_page_config(page_title="RAG Q&A Conversacional", layout="wide", initial_sidebar_state="expanded", page_icon="🤖", menu_items=None)
 
-# Aplicar o tema dark com CSS
+# Apply dark theme using custom CSS
+# This section includes CSS to style various Streamlit components for a dark theme
 st.markdown("""
     <style>
     /* Estilo global */
@@ -135,7 +138,7 @@ st.markdown("""
     </style>
     """, unsafe_allow_html=True)
 
-# Sidebar com orientações
+# Sidebar with guidelines
 st.sidebar.markdown("<h2 class='orange-title'>Orientações</h2>", unsafe_allow_html=True)
 st.sidebar.markdown("""
 * Se encontrar erros de processamento, reinicie com F5.
@@ -162,14 +165,15 @@ Este projeto não se responsabiliza pelos conteúdos criados a partir deste site
 Este aplicativo foi desenvolvido por Reinaldo Chaves. Para mais informações, contribuições e feedback, visite o [repositório do projeto no GitHub](https://github.com/reichaves/entrevista_url_llama3).
 """)
 
+# Main title and description
 st.markdown("<h1 class='yellow-title'>Chatbot com modelos opensource - entrevista URLs ✏️</h1>", unsafe_allow_html=True)
 st.write("Insira uma URL e converse com o conteúdo dela - aqui é usado o modelo de LLM llama-3.2-90b-text-preview e a plataforma de embeddings é all-MiniLM-L6-v2")
 
-# Solicitar as chaves de API
+# Request API keys from the user
 groq_api_key = st.text_input("Insira sua chave de API Groq (depois pressione Enter):", type="password")
 huggingface_api_token = st.text_input("Insira seu token de API HuggingFace (depois pressione Enter):", type="password")
 
-# Wrapper personalizado para ChatGroq com rate limiting
+# Custom wrapper for ChatGroq with rate limiting
 class RateLimitedChatGroq(BaseChatModel):
     llm: ChatGroq = Field(default_factory=lambda: ChatGroq())
     
@@ -199,26 +203,29 @@ class RateLimitedChatGroq(BaseChatModel):
     def _llm_type(self):
         return "rate_limited_chat_groq"
 
+# Main application logic
 if groq_api_key and huggingface_api_token:
-    # Configurar o token da API do Hugging Face
+    # Set API tokens as environment variables
     os.environ["HUGGINGFACEHUB_API_TOKEN"] = huggingface_api_token
-
-    # Configurar a chave de API do Groq no ambiente
     os.environ["GROQ_API_KEY"] = groq_api_key
 
-    # Inicializar o modelo de linguagem e embeddings
+    # Initialize language model and embeddings
     rate_limited_llm = RateLimitedChatGroq(groq_api_key=groq_api_key, model_name="llama-3.2-90b-text-preview", temperature=0)
     embeddings = HuggingFaceEmbeddings(model_name="all-MiniLM-L6-v2")
 
+    # Create a session ID for chat history management
     session_id = st.text_input("Session ID", value="default_session")
 
+    # Initialize session state for storing chat history
     if 'store' not in st.session_state:
         st.session_state.store = {}
 
+    # Get URL input from user    
     url = st.text_input("Insira a URL para análise:")
 
     if url:
         try:
+            # Fetch and process the webpage content
             response = requests.get(url)
             response.raise_for_status()
             soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
@@ -226,7 +233,7 @@ if groq_api_key and huggingface_api_token:
             # Extract text from the webpage
             text = soup.get_text(separator='\n', strip=True)
         
-            # Limit the text to a certain number of characters (e.g., 50,000)
+            # Limit the text to a maximum number of characters
             max_chars = 50000
             if len(text) > max_chars:
                 text = text[:max_chars]
@@ -235,16 +242,19 @@ if groq_api_key and huggingface_api_token:
             # Create a Document object
             document = Document(page_content=text, metadata={"source": url})
 
+            # Split the document into smaller chunks
             text_splitter = RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=5000, chunk_overlap=500)
             splits = text_splitter.split_documents([document])
 
-            # Create FAISS vector store
+            # Create FAISS vector store for efficient similarity search
             vectorstore = FAISS.from_documents(splits, embeddings)
 
             st.success(f"Processado {len(splits)} pedaços de documentos (chunks) da URL.")
 
+            # Set up the retriever
             retriever = vectorstore.as_retriever()
 
+            # Define the system prompt for contextualizing questions
             contextualize_q_system_prompt = (
                 "Given a chat history and the latest user question "
                 "which might reference context in the chat history, "
@@ -258,8 +268,10 @@ if groq_api_key and huggingface_api_token:
                 ("human", "{input}"),
             ])
 
+            # Create a history-aware retriever
             history_aware_retriever = create_history_aware_retriever(rate_limited_llm, retriever, contextualize_q_prompt)
 
+            # Define the main system prompt for the chatbot
             system_prompt = (
                 "Você é um assistente especializado em analisar conteúdo de páginas web. "
                 "Sempre coloque no final das respostas: 'Todas as informações devem ser checadas com a(s) fonte(s) original(ais)'"
@@ -283,20 +295,24 @@ if groq_api_key and huggingface_api_token:
                 "Sempre termine as respostas com: 'Todas as informações precisam ser checadas com as fontes das informações'."
             )
 
+            # Create the question-answering prompt template
             qa_prompt = ChatPromptTemplate.from_messages([
                 ("system", system_prompt),
                 MessagesPlaceholder("chat_history"),
                 ("human", "{input}"),
             ])
 
+            # Create the question-answering chain
             question_answer_chain = create_stuff_documents_chain(rate_limited_llm, qa_prompt)
             rag_chain = create_retrieval_chain(history_aware_retriever, question_answer_chain)
 
+            # Function to get or create session history
             def get_session_history(session: str) -> BaseChatMessageHistory:
                 if session not in st.session_state.store:
                     st.session_state.store[session] = ChatMessageHistory()
                 return st.session_state.store[session]
 
+            # Create a conversational RAG chain with message history
             conversational_rag_chain = RunnableWithMessageHistory(
                 rag_chain, get_session_history,
                 input_messages_key="input",
@@ -304,6 +320,7 @@ if groq_api_key and huggingface_api_token:
                 output_messages_key="answer"
             )
 
+            # Get user input and process the question
             user_input = st.text_input("Sua pergunta:")
             if user_input:
                 with st.spinner("Processando sua pergunta..."):
@@ -313,10 +330,12 @@ if groq_api_key and huggingface_api_token:
                         config={"configurable": {"session_id": session_id}},
                     )
                 st.write("Assistente:", response['answer'])
-                
+
+                # Display chat history
                 with st.expander("Ver histórico do chat"):
                     for message in session_history.messages:
                         st.write(f"**{message.type}:** {message.content}")
+        # Error handling
         except requests.RequestException as e:
             st.error(f"Erro ao acessar a URL: {str(e)}")
         except Exception as e: