app.py

import random
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import Any, List, Dict, Optional, Union, Tuple
import cv2
import torch
import requests
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from transformers import AutoModelForMaskGeneration, AutoProcessor, pipeline
import gradio as gr
import spaces
import json

@dataclass
class BoundingBox:
    xmin: int
    ymin: int
    xmax: int
    ymax: int

    @property
    def xyxy(self) -> List[float]:
        return [self.xmin, self.ymin, self.xmax, self.ymax]

@dataclass
class DetectionResult:
    score: float
    label: str
    box: BoundingBox
    mask: Optional[np.ndarray] = None

    @classmethod
    def from_dict(cls, detection_dict: Dict) -> 'DetectionResult':
        return cls(
            score=detection_dict['score'],
            label=detection_dict['label'],
            box=BoundingBox(
                xmin=detection_dict['box']['xmin'],
                ymin=detection_dict['box']['ymin'],
                xmax=detection_dict['box']['xmax'],
                ymax=detection_dict['box']['ymax']
            )
        )

def annotate(image: Union[Image.Image, np.ndarray], detection_results: List[DetectionResult], include_bboxes: bool = True) -> np.ndarray:
    image_cv2 = np.array(image) if isinstance(image, Image.Image) else image
    image_cv2 = cv2.cvtColor(image_cv2, cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)

    for detection in detection_results:
        label = detection.label
        score = detection.score
        box = detection.box
        mask = detection.mask

        if include_bboxes:
            color = np.random.randint(0, 256, size=3).tolist()
            cv2.rectangle(image_cv2, (box.xmin, box.ymin), (box.xmax, box.ymax), color, 2)
            cv2.putText(image_cv2, f'{label}: {score:.2f}', (box.xmin, box.ymin - 10),
                        cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, 0.5, color, 2)

    return cv2.cvtColor(image_cv2, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)

def plot_detections(image: Union[Image.Image, np.ndarray], detections: List[DetectionResult], include_bboxes: bool = True) -> np.ndarray:
    annotated_image = annotate(image, detections, include_bboxes)
    return annotated_image

def load_image(image: Union[str, Image.Image]) -> Image.Image:
    if isinstance(image, str) and image.startswith("http"):
        image = Image.open(requests.get(image, stream=True).raw).convert("RGB")
    elif isinstance(image, str):
        image = Image.open(image).convert("RGB")
    else:
        image = image.convert("RGB")
    return image

def get_boxes(detection_results: List[DetectionResult]) -> List[List[List[float]]]:
    boxes = []
    for result in detection_results:
        xyxy = result.box.xyxy
        boxes.append(xyxy)
    return [boxes]

def mask_to_polygon(mask: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
    contours, _ = cv2.findContours(mask, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
    if len(contours) == 0:
        return np.array([])
    largest_contour = max(contours, key=cv2.contourArea)
    return largest_contour

def refine_masks(masks: torch.BoolTensor, polygon_refinement: bool = False) -> List[np.ndarray]:
    masks = masks.cpu().float().permute(0, 2, 3, 1).mean(axis=-1).numpy().astype(np.uint8)
    masks = (masks > 0).astype(np.uint8)
    if polygon_refinement:
        for idx, mask in enumerate(masks):
            shape = mask.shape
            polygon = mask_to_polygon(mask)
            masks[idx] = cv2.fillPoly(np.zeros(shape, dtype=np.uint8), [polygon], 1)
    return list(masks)

@spaces.GPU
def detect(image: Image.Image, labels: List[str], threshold: float = 0.3, detector_id: Optional[str] = None) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
    detector_id = detector_id if detector_id else "IDEA-Research/grounding-dino-base"
    object_detector = pipeline(model=detector_id, task="zero-shot-object-detection", device="cuda")
    labels = [label if label.endswith(".") else label+"." for label in labels]
    results = object_detector(image, candidate_labels=labels, threshold=threshold)
    return [DetectionResult.from_dict(result) for result in results]

@spaces.GPU
def segment(image: Image.Image, detection_results: List[DetectionResult], polygon_refinement: bool = False, segmenter_id: Optional[str] = None) -> List[DetectionResult]:
    segmenter_id = segmenter_id if segmenter_id else "martintmv/InsectSAM"
    segmentator = AutoModelForMaskGeneration.from_pretrained(segmenter_id).to("cuda")
    processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained(segmenter_id)
    boxes = get_boxes(detection_results)
    inputs = processor(images=image, input_boxes=boxes, return_tensors="pt").to("cuda")
    outputs = segmentator(**inputs)
    masks = processor.post_process_masks(masks=outputs.pred_masks, original_sizes=inputs.original_sizes, reshaped_input_sizes=inputs.reshaped_input_sizes)[0]
    masks = refine_masks(masks, polygon_refinement)
    for detection_result, mask in zip(detection_results, masks):
        detection_result.mask = mask
    return detection_results

def grounded_segmentation(image: Union[Image.Image, str], labels: List[str], threshold: float = 0.3, polygon_refinement: bool = False, detector_id: Optional[str] = None, segmenter_id: Optional[str] = None) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, List[DetectionResult]]:
    image = load_image(image)
    detections = detect(image, labels, threshold, detector_id)
    detections = segment(image, detections, polygon_refinement, segmenter_id)
    return np.array(image), detections

def mask_to_min_max(mask: np.ndarray) -> Tuple[int, int, int, int]:
    y, x = np.where(mask)
    return x.min(), y.min(), x.max(), y.max()

def extract_and_paste_insect(original_image: np.ndarray, detection: DetectionResult, background: np.ndarray) -> None:
    mask = detection.mask.astype(bool)
    xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax = mask_to_min_max(mask)
    insect_crop = original_image[ymin:ymax, xmin:xmax]
    mask_crop = mask[ymin:ymax, xmin:xmax]

    for c in range(3):  # Loop over color channels
        background[ymin:ymax, xmin:xmax, c][mask_crop] = insect_crop[:, :, c][mask_crop]

def create_yellow_background_with_insects(image: np.ndarray, detections: List[DetectionResult]) -> np.ndarray:
    yellow_background = np.full((image.shape[0], image.shape[1], 3), (0, 255, 255), dtype=np.uint8)  # BGR for yellow
    for detection in detections:
        if detection.mask is not None:
            extract_and_paste_insect(image, detection, yellow_background)
    # Convert back to RGB to match Gradio's expected input format
    yellow_background = cv2.cvtColor(yellow_background, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
    return yellow_background

def run_length_encoding(mask):
    pixels = mask.flatten()
    rle = []
    last_val = 0
    count = 0
    for pixel in pixels:
        if pixel == last_val:
            count += 1
        else:
            if count > 0:
                rle.append(count)
            count = 1
            last_val = pixel
    if count > 0:
        rle.append(count)
    return rle

def detections_to_json(detections):
    detections_list = []
    for detection in detections:
        detection_dict = {
            "score": detection.score,
            "label": detection.label,
            "box": {
                "xmin": detection.box.xmin,
                "ymin": detection.box.ymin,
                "xmax": detection.box.xmax
            },
            "mask": run_length_encoding(detection.mask) if detection.mask is not None else None
        }
        detections_list.append(detection_dict)
    return detections_list

def crop_bounding_boxes_with_yellow_background(image: np.ndarray, yellow_background: np.ndarray, detections: List[DetectionResult]) -> List[np.ndarray]:
    crops = []
    for detection in detections:
        xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax = detection.box.xyxy
        crop = yellow_background[ymin:ymax, xmin:xmax]
        crops.append(crop)
    return crops

def process_image(image, include_json, include_bboxes):
    labels = ["insect"]
    original_image, detections = grounded_segmentation(image, labels, threshold=0.3, polygon_refinement=True)
    yellow_background_with_insects = create_yellow_background_with_insects(np.array(original_image), detections)
    annotated_image = plot_detections(yellow_background_with_insects, detections, include_bboxes)

    results = [annotated_image]
    if include_bboxes:
        crops = crop_bounding_boxes_with_yellow_background(np.array(original_image), yellow_background_with_insects, detections)
        results.extend(crops)

    if include_json:
        detections_json = detections_to_json(detections)
        json_output_path = "insect_detections.json"
        with open(json_output_path, 'w') as json_file:
            json.dump(detections_json, json_file, indent=4)
        results.append(json.dumps(detections_json, separators=(',', ':')))
    elif not include_bboxes:
        results.append(None)
    
    return tuple(results)

examples = [
    ["flower-night.jpg"],
    ["demo.jpg"],
    ["demo2.jpg"],
    ["demo3.jpg"],
    ["demo4.jpg"],
    ["demo5.jpg"],
]

css = """
.checkbox-group {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.checkbox-group .gr-checkbox {
    width: auto;
}
"""

with gr.Blocks(css=css) as demo:
    gr.Markdown("# InsectSAM 🐞 Detect and Segment Insects in Datasets")
    with gr.Row():
        image_input = gr.Image(type="pil")
        with gr.Column():
            include_json = gr.Checkbox(label="Include JSON", value=False, elem_id="checkbox-group")
            include_bboxes = gr.Checkbox(label="Include Bounding Boxes", value=False, elem_id="checkbox-group")
            gr.Examples(examples=examples, inputs=[image_input, include_json, include_bboxes])
        submit_button = gr.Button("Submit")

    annotated_output = gr.Image(type="numpy")
    json_output = gr.Textbox(label="JSON")
    crops_output = gr.Gallery(label="Cropped Bounding Boxes")

    async def update_outputs(image, include_json, include_bboxes):
        results = process_image(image, include_json, include_bboxes)
        if include_bboxes and include_json:
            annotated_img, *crops, json_txt = results
            return (annotated_img, json_txt, crops)
        elif include_bboxes:
            annotated_img, *crops = results
            return (annotated_img, None, crops)
        elif include_json:
            annotated_img, json_txt = results
            return (annotated_img, json_txt, [])
        else:
            annotated_img = results[0]
            return (annotated_img, None, [])

    submit_button.click(update_outputs, [image_input, include_json, include_bboxes], [annotated_output, json_output, crops_output])

demo.launch()