gradio tutorial

.ipynb_checkpoints/gradio_test-checkpoint.ipynb

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+ "cells": [],
+ "metadata": {},
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 5
+}

flagged/log.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Upload hot dog candidate,output,flag,username,timestamp
+D:\Users\TFTang\python\git\HuggingFace\Playground\flagged\Upload hot dog candidate\tmp92qta5ft.jpg,,,,2023-03-20 22:38:33.481952
+Michael,True,47,Good morning Michael. It is 47 degrees today,8.33,,,2023-03-20 22:41:48.177488

gradio_test.ipynb

@@ -0,0 +1,958 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "id": "5f371cf3-7bbd-4481-860a-d724655b6a56",
+   "metadata": {
+    "tags": []
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Running on local URL:  http://127.0.0.1:7860\n",
+      "\n",
+      "To create a public link, set `share=True` in `launch()`.\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/html": [
+       "<div><iframe src=\"http://127.0.0.1:7860/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" allow=\"autoplay; camera; microphone; clipboard-read; clipboard-write;\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>"
+      ],
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": []
+     },
+     "execution_count": 1,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import gradio as gr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def greet(name):\n",
+    "    return \"Hello \" + name + \"!\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "demo = gr.Interface(fn=greet, inputs=\"text\", outputs=\"text\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "demo.launch()   "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "id": "84a74ed3-1ba3-4318-9ec2-8fbbae1f80d2",
+   "metadata": {
+    "tags": []
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stderr",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "D:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\gradio\\inputs.py:257: UserWarning: Usage of gradio.inputs is deprecated, and will not be supported in the future, please import your component from gradio.components\n",
+      "  warnings.warn(\n",
+      "D:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\gradio\\deprecation.py:40: UserWarning: `optional` parameter is deprecated, and it has no effect\n",
+      "  warnings.warn(value)\n",
+      "D:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\gradio\\outputs.py:197: UserWarning: Usage of gradio.outputs is deprecated, and will not be supported in the future, please import your components from gradio.components\n",
+      "  warnings.warn(\n",
+      "D:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\gradio\\deprecation.py:40: UserWarning: The 'type' parameter has been deprecated. Use the Number component instead.\n",
+      "  warnings.warn(value)\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Running on local URL:  http://127.0.0.1:7862\n",
+      "\n",
+      "To create a public link, set `share=True` in `launch()`.\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/html": [
+       "<div><iframe src=\"http://127.0.0.1:7862/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" allow=\"autoplay; camera; microphone; clipboard-read; clipboard-write;\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>"
+      ],
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": []
+     },
+     "execution_count": 6,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stderr",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Traceback (most recent call last):\n",
+      "  File \"D:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\gradio\\routes.py\", line 384, in run_predict\n",
+      "    output = await app.get_blocks().process_api(\n",
+      "             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n",
+      "  File \"D:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\gradio\\blocks.py\", line 1032, in process_api\n",
+      "    result = await self.call_function(\n",
+      "             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n",
+      "  File \"D:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\gradio\\blocks.py\", line 844, in call_function\n",
+      "    prediction = await anyio.to_thread.run_sync(\n",
+      "                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n",
+      "  File \"D:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\anyio\\to_thread.py\", line 31, in run_sync\n",
+      "    return await get_asynclib().run_sync_in_worker_thread(\n",
+      "           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n",
+      "  File \"D:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\anyio\\_backends\\_asyncio.py\", line 937, in run_sync_in_worker_thread\n",
+      "    return await future\n",
+      "           ^^^^^^^^^^^^\n",
+      "  File \"D:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\anyio\\_backends\\_asyncio.py\", line 867, in run\n",
+      "    result = context.run(func, *args)\n",
+      "             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n",
+      "  File \"C:\\Users\\Celia\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\ipykernel_11896\\3792782900.py\", line 10, in predict\n",
+      "    predictions = pipeline(image)\n",
+      "                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n",
+      "  File \"D:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\transformers\\pipelines\\__init__.py\", line 732, in pipeline\n",
+      "    normalized_task, targeted_task, task_options = check_task(task)\n",
+      "                                                   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n",
+      "  File \"D:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\transformers\\pipelines\\__init__.py\", line 475, in check_task\n",
+      "    return PIPELINE_REGISTRY.check_task(task)\n",
+      "           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n",
+      "  File \"D:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\transformers\\pipelines\\base.py\", line 1184, in check_task\n",
+      "    raise KeyError(\n",
+      "KeyError: \"Unknown task C:\\\\Users\\\\Celia\\\\AppData\\\\Local\\\\Temp\\\\tmp_g2css34.png, available tasks are ['audio-classification', 'automatic-speech-recognition', 'conversational', 'depth-estimation', 'document-question-answering', 'feature-extraction', 'fill-mask', 'image-classification', 'image-segmentation', 'image-to-text', 'ner', 'object-detection', 'question-answering', 'sentiment-analysis', 'summarization', 'table-question-answering', 'text-classification', 'text-generation', 'text2text-generation', 'token-classification', 'translation', 'video-classification', 'visual-question-answering', 'vqa', 'zero-shot-audio-classification', 'zero-shot-classification', 'zero-shot-image-classification', 'zero-shot-object-detection', 'translation_XX_to_YY']\"\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\"\"\"\n",
+    "    This is the hotdog demo\n",
+    "\"\"\"\n",
+    "import gradio as gr\n",
+    "from transformers import pipeline\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# pipeline = pipeline(task=\"image-classification\", model=\"https://huggingface.co/julien-c/hotdog-not-hotdog\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def predict(image):\n",
+    "    predictions = pipeline(image)\n",
+    "    return {p[\"label\"]: p[\"score\"] for p in predictions}\n",
+    "\n",
+    "gr.Interface(\n",
+    "    predict,\n",
+    "    inputs=gr.inputs.Image(label=\"Upload hot dog candidate\", type=\"filepath\"),\n",
+    "    outputs=gr.outputs.Label(num_top_classes=2),\n",
+    "    title=\"Hot Dog? Or Not?\",\n",
+    ").launch()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "id": "0e05cfae-7f84-432b-a2e4-40d1f4f1bac3",
+   "metadata": {
+    "tags": []
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Running on local URL:  http://127.0.0.1:7863\n",
+      "\n",
+      "To create a public link, set `share=True` in `launch()`.\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/html": [
+       "<div><iframe src=\"http://127.0.0.1:7863/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" allow=\"autoplay; camera; microphone; clipboard-read; clipboard-write;\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>"
+      ],
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": []
+     },
+     "execution_count": 7,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import gradio as gr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def greet(name, is_morning, temperature):\n",
+    "    salutation = \"Good morning\" if is_morning else \"Good evening\"\n",
+    "    greeting = f\"{salutation} {name}. It is {temperature} degrees today\"\n",
+    "    celsius = (temperature - 32) * 5 / 9\n",
+    "    return greeting, round(celsius, 2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "demo = gr.Interface(\n",
+    "    fn=greet,\n",
+    "    inputs=[\"text\", \"checkbox\", gr.Slider(0, 100)],\n",
+    "    outputs=[\"text\", \"number\"],\n",
+    ")\n",
+    "demo.launch()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "id": "aa1260e1-782b-49b7-b308-e88c95794e7b",
+   "metadata": {
+    "tags": []
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Running on local URL:  http://127.0.0.1:7864\n",
+      "\n",
+      "To create a public link, set `share=True` in `launch()`.\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/html": [
+       "<div><iframe src=\"http://127.0.0.1:7864/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" allow=\"autoplay; camera; microphone; clipboard-read; clipboard-write;\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>"
+      ],
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": []
+     },
+     "execution_count": 8,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "import gradio as gr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def sepia(input_img):\n",
+    "    sepia_filter = np.array([\n",
+    "        [0.393, 0.769, 0.189], \n",
+    "        [0.349, 0.686, 0.168], \n",
+    "        [0.272, 0.534, 0.131]\n",
+    "    ])\n",
+    "    sepia_img = input_img.dot(sepia_filter.T)\n",
+    "    sepia_img /= sepia_img.max()\n",
+    "    return sepia_img\n",
+    "\n",
+    "demo = gr.Interface(sepia, gr.Image(shape=(200, 200)), \"image\")\n",
+    "demo.launch()\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "id": "8625b6fc-4cf4-46f2-b0c7-9024df60e03f",
+   "metadata": {
+    "tags": []
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Running on local URL:  http://127.0.0.1:7865\n",
+      "\n",
+      "To create a public link, set `share=True` in `launch()`.\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/html": [
+       "<div><iframe src=\"http://127.0.0.1:7865/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" allow=\"autoplay; camera; microphone; clipboard-read; clipboard-write;\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>"
+      ],
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": []
+     },
+     "execution_count": 9,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import gradio as gr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def greet(name):\n",
+    "    return \"Hello \" + name + \"!\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "with gr.Blocks() as demo:\n",
+    "    name = gr.Textbox(label=\"Name\")\n",
+    "    output = gr.Textbox(label=\"Output Box\")\n",
+    "    greet_btn = gr.Button(\"Greet\")\n",
+    "    greet_btn.click(fn=greet, inputs=name, outputs=output)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "demo.launch()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "id": "942fc790-2317-405f-919f-4d0ee0187d5f",
+   "metadata": {
+    "tags": []
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Running on local URL:  http://127.0.0.1:7866\n",
+      "\n",
+      "To create a public link, set `share=True` in `launch()`.\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/html": [
+       "<div><iframe src=\"http://127.0.0.1:7866/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" allow=\"autoplay; camera; microphone; clipboard-read; clipboard-write;\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>"
+      ],
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": []
+     },
+     "execution_count": 10,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "import gradio as gr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def flip_text(x):\n",
+    "    return x[::-1]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def flip_image(x):\n",
+    "    return np.fliplr(x)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "with gr.Blocks() as demo:\n",
+    "    gr.Markdown(\"Flip text or image files using this demo.\")\n",
+    "    with gr.Tab(\"Flip Text\"):\n",
+    "        text_input = gr.Textbox()\n",
+    "        text_output = gr.Textbox()\n",
+    "        text_button = gr.Button(\"Flip\")\n",
+    "    with gr.Tab(\"Flip Image\"):\n",
+    "        with gr.Row():\n",
+    "            image_input = gr.Image()\n",
+    "            image_output = gr.Image()\n",
+    "        image_button = gr.Button(\"Flip\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    with gr.Accordion(\"Open for More!\"):\n",
+    "        gr.Markdown(\"Look at me...\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    text_button.click(flip_text, inputs=text_input, outputs=text_output)\n",
+    "    image_button.click(flip_image, inputs=image_input, outputs=image_output)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "demo.launch()\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "id": "64f4dcd9-7d89-475b-94c8-026d07118887",
+   "metadata": {
+    "tags": []
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Running on local URL:  http://127.0.0.1:7867\n",
+      "\n",
+      "To create a public link, set `share=True` in `launch()`.\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/html": [
+       "<div><iframe src=\"http://127.0.0.1:7867/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" allow=\"autoplay; camera; microphone; clipboard-read; clipboard-write;\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>"
+      ],
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": []
+     },
+     "execution_count": 11,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import gradio as gr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def calculator(num1, operation, num2):\n",
+    "    if operation == \"add\":\n",
+    "        return num1 + num2\n",
+    "    elif operation == \"subtract\":\n",
+    "        return num1 - num2\n",
+    "    elif operation == \"multiply\":\n",
+    "        return num1 * num2\n",
+    "    elif operation == \"divide\":\n",
+    "        if num2 == 0:\n",
+    "            raise gr.Error(\"Cannot divide by zero!\")\n",
+    "        return num1 / num2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "demo = gr.Interface(\n",
+    "    calculator,\n",
+    "    [\n",
+    "        \"number\", \n",
+    "        gr.Radio([\"add\", \"subtract\", \"multiply\", \"divide\"]),\n",
+    "        \"number\"\n",
+    "    ],\n",
+    "    \"number\",\n",
+    "    examples=[\n",
+    "        [5, \"add\", 3],\n",
+    "        [4, \"divide\", 2],\n",
+    "        [-4, \"multiply\", 2.5],\n",
+    "        [0, \"subtract\", 1.2],\n",
+    "    ],\n",
+    "    title=\"Toy Calculator\",\n",
+    "    description=\"Here's a sample toy calculator. Allows you to calculate things like $2+2=4$\",\n",
+    ")\n",
+    "demo.launch()\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 20,
+   "id": "f81f7d2d-8734-4ced-b90d-9bf20c820a26",
+   "metadata": {
+    "tags": []
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Fetching Space from: https://huggingface.co/spaces/eugenesiow/remove-bg\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stderr",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "D:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\gradio\\deprecation.py:40: UserWarning: `optional` parameter is deprecated, and it has no effect\n",
+      "  warnings.warn(value)\n",
+      "D:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\gradio\\interface.py:312: UserWarning: Currently, only the 'default' theme is supported.\n",
+      "  warnings.warn(\"Currently, only the 'default' theme is supported.\")\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Running on local URL:  http://127.0.0.1:7873\n",
+      "\n",
+      "To create a public link, set `share=True` in `launch()`.\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/html": [
+       "<div><iframe src=\"http://127.0.0.1:7873/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" allow=\"autoplay; camera; microphone; clipboard-read; clipboard-write;\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>"
+      ],
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": []
+     },
+     "execution_count": 20,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import gradio as gr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "gr.Interface.load(\n",
+    "  \"spaces/eugenesiow/remove-bg\", \n",
+    "  inputs=[gr.Image(label=\"Input Image\", source=\"webcam\")]\n",
+    ").launch()\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "id": "76cab1ff-0910-42b9-9f53-221559502e1d",
+   "metadata": {
+    "tags": []
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Running on local URL:  http://127.0.0.1:7870\n",
+      "\n",
+      "To create a public link, set `share=True` in `launch()`.\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/html": [
+       "<div><iframe src=\"http://127.0.0.1:7870/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" allow=\"autoplay; camera; microphone; clipboard-read; clipboard-write;\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>"
+      ],
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": []
+     },
+     "execution_count": 15,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import gradio as gr\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "import time\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# define core fn, which returns a generator {steps} times before returning the image\n",
+    "def fake_diffusion(steps):\n",
+    "    for _ in range(steps):\n",
+    "        time.sleep(0.1)\n",
+    "        image = np.random.random((600, 600, 3))\n",
+    "        yield image\n",
+    "    image = \"https://gradio-builds.s3.amazonaws.com/diffusion_image/cute_dog.jpg\"\n",
+    "    yield image\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "demo = gr.Interface(fake_diffusion, inputs=gr.Slider(1, 10, 3), outputs=\"image\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# define queue - required for generators\n",
+    "demo.queue()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "demo.launch()\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "id": "6b27bd4a-cdbd-4804-b61d-8a84c0f24de2",
+   "metadata": {
+    "tags": []
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Running on local URL:  http://127.0.0.1:7871\n",
+      "\n",
+      "To create a public link, set `share=True` in `launch()`.\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/html": [
+       "<div><iframe src=\"http://127.0.0.1:7871/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" allow=\"autoplay; camera; microphone; clipboard-read; clipboard-write;\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>"
+      ],
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import gradio as gr\n",
+    "import time\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def slowly_reverse(word, progress=gr.Progress()):\n",
+    "    progress(0, desc=\"Starting\")\n",
+    "    time.sleep(1)\n",
+    "    progress(0.05)\n",
+    "    new_string = \"\"\n",
+    "    for letter in progress.tqdm(word, desc=\"Reversing\"):\n",
+    "        time.sleep(0.25)\n",
+    "        new_string = letter + new_string\n",
+    "    return new_string\n",
+    "\n",
+    "demo = gr.Interface(slowly_reverse, gr.Text(), gr.Text())\n",
+    "\n",
+    "if __name__ == \"__main__\":\n",
+    "    demo.queue(concurrency_count=10).launch()\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "id": "211aaacb-eeb4-4cfe-9c9d-e9571ab799eb",
+   "metadata": {
+    "tags": []
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "ValueError",
+     "evalue": "No such component or layout: output",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
+      "\u001b[1;31mValueError\u001b[0m                                Traceback (most recent call last)",
+      "Cell \u001b[1;32mIn[17], line 10\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m      7\u001b[0m         trimmed_words\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mappend(w[:\u001b[38;5;28mint\u001b[39m(l)])        \n\u001b[0;32m      8\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01mreturn\u001b[39;00m [trimmed_words]\n\u001b[1;32m---> 10\u001b[0m demo \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[43mgr\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mInterface\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mtrim_words\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43m[\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43mtextbox\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43mnumber\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m]\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43m[\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43moutput\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m]\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m     11\u001b[0m \u001b[43m                    \u001b[49m\u001b[43mbatch\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m=\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;28;43;01mTrue\u001b[39;49;00m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mmax_batch_size\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m=\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m16\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m     12\u001b[0m demo\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mqueue()\n\u001b[0;32m     13\u001b[0m demo\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mlaunch()\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\gradio\\interface.py:246\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mInterface.__init__\u001b[1;34m(self, fn, inputs, outputs, examples, cache_examples, examples_per_page, live, interpretation, num_shap, title, description, article, thumbnail, theme, css, allow_flagging, flagging_options, flagging_dir, flagging_callback, analytics_enabled, batch, max_batch_size, _api_mode, **kwargs)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m    241\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mcache_examples \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;01mFalse\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[0;32m    243\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39minput_components \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m [\n\u001b[0;32m    244\u001b[0m     get_component_instance(i, render\u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;28;01mFalse\u001b[39;00m) \u001b[38;5;28;01mfor\u001b[39;00m i \u001b[38;5;129;01min\u001b[39;00m inputs\n\u001b[0;32m    245\u001b[0m ]\n\u001b[1;32m--> 246\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39moutput_components \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[43m[\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m    247\u001b[0m \u001b[43m    \u001b[49m\u001b[43mget_component_instance\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mo\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mrender\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m=\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;28;43;01mFalse\u001b[39;49;00m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;28;43;01mfor\u001b[39;49;00m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mo\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;129;43;01min\u001b[39;49;00m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43moutputs\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m    248\u001b[0m \u001b[43m\u001b[49m\u001b[43m]\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m    250\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mfor\u001b[39;00m component \u001b[38;5;129;01min\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39minput_components \u001b[38;5;241m+\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39moutput_components:\n\u001b[0;32m    251\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;129;01mnot\u001b[39;00m (\u001b[38;5;28misinstance\u001b[39m(component, IOComponent)):\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\gradio\\interface.py:247\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36m<listcomp>\u001b[1;34m(.0)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m    241\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mcache_examples \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;01mFalse\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[0;32m    243\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39minput_components \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m [\n\u001b[0;32m    244\u001b[0m     get_component_instance(i, render\u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;28;01mFalse\u001b[39;00m) \u001b[38;5;28;01mfor\u001b[39;00m i \u001b[38;5;129;01min\u001b[39;00m inputs\n\u001b[0;32m    245\u001b[0m ]\n\u001b[0;32m    246\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39moutput_components \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m [\n\u001b[1;32m--> 247\u001b[0m     \u001b[43mget_component_instance\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mo\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mrender\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m=\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;28;43;01mFalse\u001b[39;49;00m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m \u001b[38;5;28;01mfor\u001b[39;00m o \u001b[38;5;129;01min\u001b[39;00m outputs\n\u001b[0;32m    248\u001b[0m ]\n\u001b[0;32m    250\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mfor\u001b[39;00m component \u001b[38;5;129;01min\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39minput_components \u001b[38;5;241m+\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39moutput_components:\n\u001b[0;32m    251\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;129;01mnot\u001b[39;00m (\u001b[38;5;28misinstance\u001b[39m(component, IOComponent)):\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\gradio\\components.py:5497\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mget_component_instance\u001b[1;34m(comp, render)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m   5495\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mdef\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;21mget_component_instance\u001b[39m(comp: \u001b[38;5;28mstr\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;241m|\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28mdict\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;241m|\u001b[39m Component, render\u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;28;01mTrue\u001b[39;00m) \u001b[38;5;241m-\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m>\u001b[39m Component:\n\u001b[0;32m   5496\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28misinstance\u001b[39m(comp, \u001b[38;5;28mstr\u001b[39m):\n\u001b[1;32m-> 5497\u001b[0m         component_obj \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[43mcomponent\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mcomp\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m   5498\u001b[0m         \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;129;01mnot\u001b[39;00m (render):\n\u001b[0;32m   5499\u001b[0m             component_obj\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39munrender()\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\gradio\\components.py:5489\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mcomponent\u001b[1;34m(cls_name)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m   5488\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mdef\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;21mcomponent\u001b[39m(cls_name: \u001b[38;5;28mstr\u001b[39m) \u001b[38;5;241m-\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m>\u001b[39m Component:\n\u001b[1;32m-> 5489\u001b[0m     obj \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[43mutils\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mcomponent_or_layout_class\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mcls_name\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m()\n\u001b[0;32m   5490\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28misinstance\u001b[39m(obj, BlockContext):\n\u001b[0;32m   5491\u001b[0m         \u001b[38;5;28;01mraise\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;167;01mValueError\u001b[39;00m(\u001b[38;5;124mf\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mInvalid component: \u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;132;01m{\u001b[39;00mobj\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;18m__class__\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;132;01m}\u001b[39;00m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m)\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\gradio\\utils.py:397\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mcomponent_or_layout_class\u001b[1;34m(cls_name)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m    392\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m name\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mlower() \u001b[38;5;241m==\u001b[39m cls_name\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mreplace(\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m_\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m, \u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m) \u001b[38;5;129;01mand\u001b[39;00m (\n\u001b[0;32m    393\u001b[0m         \u001b[38;5;28missubclass\u001b[39m(\u001b[38;5;28mcls\u001b[39m, gradio\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mcomponents\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mComponent)\n\u001b[0;32m    394\u001b[0m         \u001b[38;5;129;01mor\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28missubclass\u001b[39m(\u001b[38;5;28mcls\u001b[39m, gradio\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mblocks\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mBlockContext)\n\u001b[0;32m    395\u001b[0m     ):\n\u001b[0;32m    396\u001b[0m         \u001b[38;5;28;01mreturn\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28mcls\u001b[39m\n\u001b[1;32m--> 397\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mraise\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;167;01mValueError\u001b[39;00m(\u001b[38;5;124mf\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mNo such component or layout: \u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;132;01m{\u001b[39;00mcls_name\u001b[38;5;132;01m}\u001b[39;00m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m)\n",
+      "\u001b[1;31mValueError\u001b[0m: No such component or layout: output"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import time\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def trim_words(words, lens):\n",
+    "    trimmed_words = []\n",
+    "    time.sleep(5)\n",
+    "    for w, l in zip(words, lens):\n",
+    "        trimmed_words.append(w[:int(l)])        \n",
+    "    return [trimmed_words]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "demo = gr.Interface(trim_words, [\"textbox\", \"number\"], [\"output\"], \n",
+    "                    batch=True, max_batch_size=16)\n",
+    "demo.queue()\n",
+    "demo.launch()\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "id": "59789932-c78c-4c40-809f-3abbd0d2f239",
+   "metadata": {
+    "tags": []
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Running on local URL:  http://127.0.0.1:7872\n",
+      "\n",
+      "To create a public link, set `share=True` in `launch()`.\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/html": [
+       "<div><iframe src=\"http://127.0.0.1:7872/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" allow=\"autoplay; camera; microphone; clipboard-read; clipboard-write;\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>"
+      ],
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": []
+     },
+     "execution_count": 18,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import gradio as gr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "with gr.Blocks() as demo:\n",
+    "    with gr.Row():\n",
+    "        word = gr.Textbox(label=\"word\")\n",
+    "        leng = gr.Number(label=\"leng\")\n",
+    "        output = gr.Textbox(label=\"Output\")\n",
+    "    with gr.Row():\n",
+    "        run = gr.Button()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    event = run.click(trim_words, [word, leng], output, batch=True, max_batch_size=16)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "demo.queue()\n",
+    "demo.launch()\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 21,
+   "id": "4ec15938-e862-4d45-966b-90bc6172c129",
+   "metadata": {
+    "tags": []
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Running on local URL:  http://127.0.0.1:7874\n",
+      "\n",
+      "To create a public link, set `share=True` in `launch()`.\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/html": [
+       "<div><iframe src=\"http://127.0.0.1:7874/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" allow=\"autoplay; camera; microphone; clipboard-read; clipboard-write;\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>"
+      ],
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<IPython.core.display.HTML object>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "display_data"
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Request headers dictionary: Headers({'host': '127.0.0.1:7874', 'connection': 'keep-alive', 'content-length': '59', 'sec-ch-ua': '\"Google Chrome\";v=\"111\", \"Not(A:Brand\";v=\"8\", \"Chromium\";v=\"111\"', 'sec-ch-ua-platform': '\"Windows\"', 'dnt': '1', 'sec-ch-ua-mobile': '?0', 'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/111.0.0.0 Safari/537.36', 'content-type': 'application/json', 'accept': '*/*', 'origin': 'http://127.0.0.1:7874', 'sec-fetch-site': 'same-origin', 'sec-fetch-mode': 'cors', 'sec-fetch-dest': 'empty', 'referer': 'http://127.0.0.1:7874/', 'accept-encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br', 'accept-language': 'en-US,en;q=0.9,zh-CN;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh;q=0.6,ms;q=0.5,id;q=0.4'})\n",
+      "IP address: 127.0.0.1\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import gradio as gr\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def echo(name, request: gr.Request):\n",
+    "    if request:\n",
+    "        print(\"Request headers dictionary:\", request.headers)\n",
+    "        print(\"IP address:\", request.client.host)\n",
+    "    return name\n",
+    "\n",
+    "io = gr.Interface(echo, \"textbox\", \"textbox\").launch()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 23,
+   "id": "d1846aa3-cce8-4edd-b06d-91deeaead793",
+   "metadata": {
+    "tags": []
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stderr",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "100%|█████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████��███████████| 29.0k/29.0k [00:00<00:00, 5.07MB/s]\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "ename": "URLError",
+     "evalue": "<urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: certificate has expired (_ssl.c:992)>",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
+      "\u001b[1;31mSSLCertVerificationError\u001b[0m                  Traceback (most recent call last)",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\urllib\\request.py:1348\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mAbstractHTTPHandler.do_open\u001b[1;34m(self, http_class, req, **http_conn_args)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m   1347\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mtry\u001b[39;00m:\n\u001b[1;32m-> 1348\u001b[0m     \u001b[43mh\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mrequest\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mreq\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mget_method\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mreq\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mselector\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mreq\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mdata\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mheaders\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m   1349\u001b[0m \u001b[43m              \u001b[49m\u001b[43mencode_chunked\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m=\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mreq\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mhas_header\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43mTransfer-encoding\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m   1350\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mexcept\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;167;01mOSError\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28;01mas\u001b[39;00m err: \u001b[38;5;66;03m# timeout error\u001b[39;00m\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\http\\client.py:1282\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mHTTPConnection.request\u001b[1;34m(self, method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m   1281\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;250m\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124;03m\"\"\"Send a complete request to the server.\"\"\"\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[1;32m-> 1282\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m_send_request\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mmethod\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43murl\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mbody\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mheaders\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mencode_chunked\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\http\\client.py:1328\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mHTTPConnection._send_request\u001b[1;34m(self, method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m   1327\u001b[0m     body \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m _encode(body, \u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mbody\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m)\n\u001b[1;32m-> 1328\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mendheaders\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mbody\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mencode_chunked\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m=\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mencode_chunked\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\http\\client.py:1277\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mHTTPConnection.endheaders\u001b[1;34m(self, message_body, encode_chunked)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m   1276\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01mraise\u001b[39;00m CannotSendHeader()\n\u001b[1;32m-> 1277\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m_send_output\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mmessage_body\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mencode_chunked\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m=\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mencode_chunked\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\http\\client.py:1037\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mHTTPConnection._send_output\u001b[1;34m(self, message_body, encode_chunked)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m   1036\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mdel\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39m_buffer[:]\n\u001b[1;32m-> 1037\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43msend\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mmsg\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m   1039\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m message_body \u001b[38;5;129;01mis\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;129;01mnot\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28;01mNone\u001b[39;00m:\n\u001b[0;32m   1040\u001b[0m \n\u001b[0;32m   1041\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;66;03m# create a consistent interface to message_body\u001b[39;00m\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\http\\client.py:975\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mHTTPConnection.send\u001b[1;34m(self, data)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m    974\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mauto_open:\n\u001b[1;32m--> 975\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mconnect\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m    976\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01melse\u001b[39;00m:\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\http\\client.py:1454\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mHTTPSConnection.connect\u001b[1;34m(self)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m   1452\u001b[0m     server_hostname \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mhost\n\u001b[1;32m-> 1454\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39msock \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m_context\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mwrap_socket\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43msock\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m   1455\u001b[0m \u001b[43m                                      \u001b[49m\u001b[43mserver_hostname\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m=\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mserver_hostname\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\ssl.py:517\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mSSLContext.wrap_socket\u001b[1;34m(self, sock, server_side, do_handshake_on_connect, suppress_ragged_eofs, server_hostname, session)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m    511\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mdef\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;21mwrap_socket\u001b[39m(\u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m, sock, server_side\u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;28;01mFalse\u001b[39;00m,\n\u001b[0;32m    512\u001b[0m                 do_handshake_on_connect\u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;28;01mTrue\u001b[39;00m,\n\u001b[0;32m    513\u001b[0m                 suppress_ragged_eofs\u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;28;01mTrue\u001b[39;00m,\n\u001b[0;32m    514\u001b[0m                 server_hostname\u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;28;01mNone\u001b[39;00m, session\u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;28;01mNone\u001b[39;00m):\n\u001b[0;32m    515\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;66;03m# SSLSocket class handles server_hostname encoding before it calls\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[0;32m    516\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;66;03m# ctx._wrap_socket()\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[1;32m--> 517\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01mreturn\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43msslsocket_class\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m_create\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m    518\u001b[0m \u001b[43m        \u001b[49m\u001b[43msock\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m=\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43msock\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m    519\u001b[0m \u001b[43m        \u001b[49m\u001b[43mserver_side\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m=\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mserver_side\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m    520\u001b[0m \u001b[43m        \u001b[49m\u001b[43mdo_handshake_on_connect\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m=\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mdo_handshake_on_connect\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m    521\u001b[0m \u001b[43m        \u001b[49m\u001b[43msuppress_ragged_eofs\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m=\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43msuppress_ragged_eofs\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m    522\u001b[0m \u001b[43m        \u001b[49m\u001b[43mserver_hostname\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m=\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mserver_hostname\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m    523\u001b[0m \u001b[43m        \u001b[49m\u001b[43mcontext\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m=\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m    524\u001b[0m \u001b[43m        \u001b[49m\u001b[43msession\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m=\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43msession\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m    525\u001b[0m \u001b[43m    \u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\ssl.py:1075\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mSSLSocket._create\u001b[1;34m(cls, sock, server_side, do_handshake_on_connect, suppress_ragged_eofs, server_hostname, context, session)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m   1074\u001b[0m             \u001b[38;5;28;01mraise\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;167;01mValueError\u001b[39;00m(\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mdo_handshake_on_connect should not be specified for non-blocking sockets\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m)\n\u001b[1;32m-> 1075\u001b[0m         \u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mdo_handshake\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m   1076\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mexcept\u001b[39;00m (\u001b[38;5;167;01mOSError\u001b[39;00m, \u001b[38;5;167;01mValueError\u001b[39;00m):\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\ssl.py:1346\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mSSLSocket.do_handshake\u001b[1;34m(self, block)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m   1345\u001b[0m         \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39msettimeout(\u001b[38;5;28;01mNone\u001b[39;00m)\n\u001b[1;32m-> 1346\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39m_sslobj\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mdo_handshake()\n\u001b[0;32m   1347\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mfinally\u001b[39;00m:\n",
+      "\u001b[1;31mSSLCertVerificationError\u001b[0m: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: certificate has expired (_ssl.c:992)",
+      "\nDuring handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:\n",
+      "\u001b[1;31mURLError\u001b[0m                                  Traceback (most recent call last)",
+      "Cell \u001b[1;32mIn[23], line 64\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m     59\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01mreturn\u001b[39;00m foreground\n\u001b[0;32m     62\u001b[0m torch\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mhub\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mdownload_url_to_file(\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mhttps://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/691700243809718272/z7XZUARB_400x400.jpg\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m,\n\u001b[0;32m     63\u001b[0m                                \u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mdemis.jpg\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m)\n\u001b[1;32m---> 64\u001b[0m \u001b[43mtorch\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mhub\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mdownload_url_to_file\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43mhttps://hai.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/styles/person_medium/public/2020-03/hai_1512feifei.png?itok=INFuLABp\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m     65\u001b[0m \u001b[43m                               \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43mlifeifei.png\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m     66\u001b[0m model \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m torch\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mhub\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mload(\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mpytorch/vision:v0.6.0\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m, \u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mdeeplabv3_resnet101\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m, pretrained\u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;28;01mTrue\u001b[39;00m)\n\u001b[0;32m     67\u001b[0m model\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39meval()\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\site-packages\\torch\\hub.py:611\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mdownload_url_to_file\u001b[1;34m(url, dst, hash_prefix, progress)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m    609\u001b[0m file_size \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;01mNone\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[0;32m    610\u001b[0m req \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m Request(url, headers\u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m{\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mUser-Agent\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m: \u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mtorch.hub\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m})\n\u001b[1;32m--> 611\u001b[0m u \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[43murlopen\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mreq\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m    612\u001b[0m meta \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m u\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39minfo()\n\u001b[0;32m    613\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28mhasattr\u001b[39m(meta, \u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mgetheaders\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m):\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\urllib\\request.py:216\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36murlopen\u001b[1;34m(url, data, timeout, cafile, capath, cadefault, context)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m    214\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01melse\u001b[39;00m:\n\u001b[0;32m    215\u001b[0m     opener \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m _opener\n\u001b[1;32m--> 216\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mreturn\u001b[39;00m \u001b[43mopener\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mopen\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43murl\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mdata\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mtimeout\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\urllib\\request.py:519\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mOpenerDirector.open\u001b[1;34m(self, fullurl, data, timeout)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m    516\u001b[0m     req \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m meth(req)\n\u001b[0;32m    518\u001b[0m sys\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39maudit(\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124murllib.Request\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m, req\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mfull_url, req\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mdata, req\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mheaders, req\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mget_method())\n\u001b[1;32m--> 519\u001b[0m response \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m_open\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mreq\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mdata\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m    521\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;66;03m# post-process response\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[0;32m    522\u001b[0m meth_name \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m protocol\u001b[38;5;241m+\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m_response\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m\"\u001b[39m\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\urllib\\request.py:536\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mOpenerDirector._open\u001b[1;34m(self, req, data)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m    533\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01mreturn\u001b[39;00m result\n\u001b[0;32m    535\u001b[0m protocol \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m req\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mtype\n\u001b[1;32m--> 536\u001b[0m result \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m_call_chain\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mhandle_open\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mprotocol\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mprotocol\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m+\u001b[39;49m\n\u001b[0;32m    537\u001b[0m \u001b[43m                          \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m_open\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;124;43m'\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mreq\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m    538\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m result:\n\u001b[0;32m    539\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01mreturn\u001b[39;00m result\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\urllib\\request.py:496\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mOpenerDirector._call_chain\u001b[1;34m(self, chain, kind, meth_name, *args)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m    494\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mfor\u001b[39;00m handler \u001b[38;5;129;01min\u001b[39;00m handlers:\n\u001b[0;32m    495\u001b[0m     func \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28mgetattr\u001b[39m(handler, meth_name)\n\u001b[1;32m--> 496\u001b[0m     result \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m \u001b[43mfunc\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m*\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43margs\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m    497\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m result \u001b[38;5;129;01mis\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;129;01mnot\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28;01mNone\u001b[39;00m:\n\u001b[0;32m    498\u001b[0m         \u001b[38;5;28;01mreturn\u001b[39;00m result\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\urllib\\request.py:1391\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mHTTPSHandler.https_open\u001b[1;34m(self, req)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m   1390\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mdef\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;21mhttps_open\u001b[39m(\u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m, req):\n\u001b[1;32m-> 1391\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01mreturn\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mdo_open\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mhttp\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mclient\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43mHTTPSConnection\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mreq\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[0;32m   1392\u001b[0m \u001b[43m        \u001b[49m\u001b[43mcontext\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m=\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m_context\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mcheck_hostname\u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m=\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[38;5;241;43m.\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m_check_hostname\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n",
+      "File \u001b[1;32mD:\\Users\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python3.11.2\\Lib\\urllib\\request.py:1351\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;36mAbstractHTTPHandler.do_open\u001b[1;34m(self, http_class, req, **http_conn_args)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m   1348\u001b[0m         h\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mrequest(req\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mget_method(), req\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mselector, req\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mdata, headers,\n\u001b[0;32m   1349\u001b[0m                   encode_chunked\u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39mreq\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mhas_header(\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124mTransfer-encoding\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;124m'\u001b[39m))\n\u001b[0;32m   1350\u001b[0m     \u001b[38;5;28;01mexcept\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;167;01mOSError\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28;01mas\u001b[39;00m err: \u001b[38;5;66;03m# timeout error\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[1;32m-> 1351\u001b[0m         \u001b[38;5;28;01mraise\u001b[39;00m URLError(err)\n\u001b[0;32m   1352\u001b[0m     r \u001b[38;5;241m=\u001b[39m h\u001b[38;5;241m.\u001b[39mgetresponse()\n\u001b[0;32m   1353\u001b[0m \u001b[38;5;28;01mexcept\u001b[39;00m:\n",
+      "\u001b[1;31mURLError\u001b[0m: <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: certificate has expired (_ssl.c:992)>"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import gradio as gr\n",
+    "import cv2\n",
+    "import torch\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "from torchvision import transforms\n",
+    "\n",
+    "title = \"Remove Bg\"\n",
+    "description = \"Automatically remove the image background from a profile photo.\"\n",
+    "article = \"<p style='text-align: center'><a href='https://news.machinelearning.sg/posts/beautiful_profile_pics_remove_background_image_with_deeplabv3/'>Blog</a> | <a href='https://github.com/eugenesiow/practical-ml'>Github Repo</a></p>\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def make_transparent_foreground(pic, mask):\n",
+    "    # split the image into channels\n",
+    "    b, g, r = cv2.split(np.array(pic).astype('uint8'))\n",
+    "    # add an alpha channel with and fill all with transparent pixels (max 255)\n",
+    "    a = np.ones(mask.shape, dtype='uint8') * 255\n",
+    "    # merge the alpha channel back\n",
+    "    alpha_im = cv2.merge([b, g, r, a], 4)\n",
+    "    # create a transparent background\n",
+    "    bg = np.zeros(alpha_im.shape)\n",
+    "    # setup the new mask\n",
+    "    new_mask = np.stack([mask, mask, mask, mask], axis=2)\n",
+    "    # copy only the foreground color pixels from the original image where mask is set\n",
+    "    foreground = np.where(new_mask, alpha_im, bg).astype(np.uint8)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    return foreground\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def remove_background(input_image):\n",
+    "    preprocess = transforms.Compose([\n",
+    "        transforms.ToTensor(),\n",
+    "        transforms.Normalize(mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406], std=[0.229, 0.224, 0.225]),\n",
+    "    ])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    input_tensor = preprocess(input_image)\n",
+    "    input_batch = input_tensor.unsqueeze(0)  # create a mini-batch as expected by the model\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # move the input and model to GPU for speed if available\n",
+    "    if torch.cuda.is_available():\n",
+    "        input_batch = input_batch.to('cuda')\n",
+    "        model.to('cuda')\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    with torch.no_grad():\n",
+    "        output = model(input_batch)['out'][0]\n",
+    "    output_predictions = output.argmax(0)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # create a binary (black and white) mask of the profile foreground\n",
+    "    mask = output_predictions.byte().cpu().numpy()\n",
+    "    background = np.zeros(mask.shape)\n",
+    "    bin_mask = np.where(mask, 255, background).astype(np.uint8)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    foreground = make_transparent_foreground(input_image, bin_mask)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    return foreground, bin_mask\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def inference(img):\n",
+    "    foreground, _ = remove_background(img)\n",
+    "    return foreground\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "torch.hub.download_url_to_file('https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/691700243809718272/z7XZUARB_400x400.jpg',\n",
+    "                               'demis.jpg')\n",
+    "torch.hub.download_url_to_file('https://hai.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/styles/person_medium/public/2020-03/hai_1512feifei.png?itok=INFuLABp',\n",
+    "                               'lifeifei.png')\n",
+    "model = torch.hub.load('pytorch/vision:v0.6.0', 'deeplabv3_resnet101', pretrained=True)\n",
+    "model.eval()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "gr.Interface(\n",
+    "    inference,\n",
+    "    gr.inputs.Image(type=\"pil\", label=\"Input\"),\n",
+    "    gr.outputs.Image(type=\"pil\", label=\"Output\"),\n",
+    "    title=title,\n",
+    "    description=description,\n",
+    "    article=article,\n",
+    "    examples=[['demis.jpg'], ['lifeifei.png']],\n",
+    "    enable_queue=True\n",
+    ").launch(debug=False)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "60d1be13-e522-42d4-b61e-ac1ac38ab58e",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": []
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "9ee2074c-14f0-4bb8-9913-b37ae4af7e9c",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": []
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.11.2"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 5
+}