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<small><time class="date dt-published" datetime="2023-03-12T00:00:00+08:00">12 March 2023</time> - 字数统计：1312 - 阅读大约需要4分钟 - Hits: <span id="/2023/03/12/php-async.html" class="visitors">Loading...</span></small> |
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<h1 class="p-name">PHP异步执行的探索</h1> |
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<p class="view">by <a class="p-author h-card" href="//github.com/Mabbs">mayx</a></p> |
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这是一篇创建于 <span id="outime"></span> 天前的文章，其中的信息可能已经有所发展或是发生改变。 |
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<b>AI摘要</b> |
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<p id="ai-output">这篇文章主要探讨了PHP实现异步执行的挑战和尝试。作者在ThinkPHP项目中遇到需要立即返回数据并继续后台耗时操作的问题。以前采用的file_get_contents函数虽然解决了返回速度慢的问题，但涉及到使用危险的函数和服务器配置限制。作者对于使用消息队列、Swoole框架及popen函数等方法持保留态度，认为它们可能带来安全风险或超出项目规模。 |
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作者发现fastcgi_finish_request函数可以输出内容并结束请求，但需注意与session管理和PHP-FPM的交互。存在问题包括对Apache环境的限制、进程数量限制以及在TP框架下无法使用return。作者总结到，PHP处理多线程问题有困难，对于频繁遇到这类问题的项目，可能需要考虑使用其他语言。</p> |
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<hr /> |
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<ul><li><a href="#起因">起因</a></li><li><a href="#探索异步的方法">探索异步的方法</a></li><li><a href="#感想">感想</a></li></ul> |
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<hr /> |
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<main class="post-content e-content" role="main"><p>看来异步总是个难以解决的问题啊……</p> |
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<h1 id="起因"> |
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<a href="#起因"><svg class='octicon' viewBox='0 0 16 16' version='1.1' width='16' height='32' aria-hidden='true'><path fill-rule='evenodd' d='M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z'></path></svg></a> 起因 |
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</h1> |
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<p>最近，我在写一个ThinkPHP框架为基础的代码时遇到了一个问题，我希望在执行完一个操作后立马返回数据，然后在后台继续运行一个比较耗时的东西。我以前写的一个<a href="/2021/02/23/picbotpro.html">图片机器人</a>其实也遇到过这种问题，为了解决返回很慢的问题，我采用了“离弦之箭”——使用file_get_contents函数请求自己，并且使用’timeout’参数来防止页面挂起，另外接收的部分使用<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">ignore_user_abort(true)</code>和<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">set_time_limit(0)</code>保证在请求结束时让程序依然继续运行。不过我用的是TP框架啊，不知道用那两个函数会不会出问题，还有这个“timeout”到底填多少比较合适也不确定，所以就想试试别的方法。</p> |
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<h1 id="探索异步的方法"> |
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<a href="#探索异步的方法"><svg class='octicon' viewBox='0 0 16 16' version='1.1' width='16' height='32' aria-hidden='true'><path fill-rule='evenodd' d='M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z'></path></svg></a> 探索异步的方法 |
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</h1> |
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<p>对于正规的情况来说，直接去网上搜如何让PHP异步执行代码，估计大多会说使用什么消息队列或者用什么Swoole框架吧，或者简单点用popen函数来fork一个进程，或者用什么fsockopen，貌似原理和我用file_get_contents函数差不多？其实吧我觉得从本质来说那个所谓的Swoole框架已经不算PHP的东西了，我觉得它更像是一个能通过http请求的popen函数，通过某种方式也一样是在本地去调用PHP脚本，只是可能用了些什么比如线程啥的特性提高了性能而已。 </p><p> |
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我看完这些选择之后很不满意，我不希望代码里出现popen这样的函数，说实话这是个危险的函数，绝大多数情况下服务器应该要禁用这种函数的，毕竟如果因为某些原因被人上传了PHP木马，他们可以直接用这个函数去执行命令了。至于什么乱七八糟的异步框架，想不想学是一方面，主要是我的项目还没有达到用这种东西的规模。那难不成我只能继续用之前图片机器人的那个“离弦之箭”的办法了吗？ </p><p> |
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后来我找到了一个很不错的函数，叫做<a href="https://www.php.net/manual/zh/function.fastcgi-finish-request.php">fastcgi_finish_request</a>，它可以在程序结束前把要输出的东西输出并且结束请求，不过使用它以后看文档说明好像说推荐再执行一下session_write_close函数，不然在这个程序执行完成前session会被锁住，没法操作。 </p><p> |
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不过这个函数只能在使用PHP-FPM的时候使用，如果是像Apache那样使用模块的方式运行PHP估计就用不了了，当然目前大多数环境应该都用的是Nginx+PHP-FPM吧，我反正是很少见到有人用Apache，虽然听说那样性能似乎会更好？ </p><p> |
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还有一个问题就是如果这个需要运行的脚本的时间太长了，以至于同时运行这个脚本的进程数量超过了pm.max_children，那么PHP-FPM就不能接受新的请求了，这也是一个缺陷。 </p><p> |
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另外在这种情况下我使用了TP框架还会遇到一个问题，那就是我不能使用return返回内容了，毕竟return了之后就不能执行其他函数了啊，所以就只能提前用echo之类的东西输出，执行完fastcgi_finish_request和所有需要长时间运行的代码后就只能return空值或者直接exit吧。</p> |
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<h1 id="感想"> |
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<a href="#感想"><svg class='octicon' viewBox='0 0 16 16' version='1.1' width='16' height='32' aria-hidden='true'><path fill-rule='evenodd' d='M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z'></path></svg></a> 感想 |
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</h1> |
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<p>看来用PHP来做异步果然是难事啊，不如说大多数程序想要处理好多线程的问题都挺难的吧，也许如果项目经常遇到这种问题，应该考虑用其他语言来编写了呢。</p></main> |
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<small style="display: block">tags: <a rel="category tag" class="p-category" href="/search.html?keyword=PHP"><em>PHP</em></a> - <a rel="category tag" class="p-category" href="/search.html?keyword=%E5%BC%82%E6%AD%A5"><em>异步</em></a> <span style="float: right;"><a href="https://gitlab.com/mayx/mayx.gitlab.io/tree/master/_posts/2023-03-12-php-async.md">查看原始文件</a></span></small> |
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